Abundance and species richness of the predatory arthropods on paddy treated with Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide.  Application of bioinsecticide from bacterial entomopathogen has not been reported yet that can decrease abundance and species richness of predatory arthropods, such as spiders and predatory insects. This research was aimed to analyze the abundance and species richness of predatory arthropods paddy fields applied by B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide on paddy in fresh swamp area. Areas observed were 2 ha paddy field's at Situ Bagendit variety. Predatory arthropods inhabiting canopy were sampled using sweep but soil dwelling arthropods were trapped using pitfall traps. The result showed that abundance of spiders inhabiting canopy decreased significantly after B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide application on paddy compared to control without bioinsecticide but the abundance of predatory insects were not significantly affected by the bioinsecticide. Application of the bioinsecticide did not significantly affect the abundance and species richness of soil dwelling predatory arthropods, such as spiders and predatory insects.


Two finite element models of column station without side platforms are considered in the article. In the first FEM model a separation wall is made from cast-iron, and in the second it is made from reinforced concrete. The stress strain state of column station structural elements is given. Results of finite element modeling show that cast-iron separating wall can be replaced by the reinforced concrete one.


Abstract A modified half-face air purifying respirator was developed as a technique for large-scale monitoring that will be acceptable to workers, simple to apply, and relatively sensitive. Exhaled air was directed through the respirator exhaust port and then through a two-part cartridge. The first part contained four layers of activated charcoal cloth which adsorbed organic solvent vapors; the cloth was subsequently desorbed for standard gas chromatographic analysis. The second part contained 70 g of 8–12 mesh molecular sieve whose weight gain was proportional to the volume of air exhaled. The proportionality was determined by independent measurement of volume in subjects while at rest and while exercising. Controlled atmospheres containing toluene at relative humidities near saturation were passed through the cartridge at steady flows equal to resting human ventilatory rates. Toluene recovery was 70 percent for simulated breath concentrations of 0.75 mg/m3 to 60 mg/m3. Nine adult males volunteered to br...


The increasing of selling basic needs make the company has to provide a lot of goods. The data will be growing up with increasing the transaction at Sari Bumi store. All this time, the selling basic needs at Sari Bumi Store unstructured well so that needed an application with produce i m portant information that can decide marketing strategies. In this research, Apriori algorithm is used to determine association rules. This method was chosen because it is one of the classic data mining algorithms to look for patterns of relationships between one or more items in one dataset. A priori algorithms can help companies in developing marketing strategies. The result of this research is combination between 4 item set with a minimum support of 30% and minimum confidence of 60%. Keywords : sale, staple, apriori algorithm


A new lighting system is helping rural towns in Utah light streets for a fraction of the usual cost. The town of Paragonah was originally fitted with mercury vapor lamps in the 1940s. The lamps drew so much current that the 350- resident town could only afford to light 6 of the 22 lamps in operation. Severely lowered lighting also affected safety and security in such towns, and maintenance of the system on a full time basis was too costly. The situation was assessed and the decision was made to change the system to high-pressure sodium lamps which are much more efficient. Mercury vapor lamps convert 13% of energy to light, while HPS lamps convert 30% of energy to light. The 400-watt mercury lamps were replaced with 150-watt high-pressure sodium lamps. Also, mercury vapor lamps were puitting out only 55% of their rated lumens at the end of their rated life, while HPS lamps put out 80% of their rated lumens at the same point. The savings in Paragonah have been beyond what was expected when the project started.


The Bach equation, i.e., the vacuum field equation following from the Lagrangian L=CijklCijkl, will be completely solved for the case that the metric is conformally related to the Cartesian product of two two-spaces; this covers the spherically and the plane symmetric space–times as special subcases. Contrary to other approaches, we make a covariant 2+2-decomposition of the field equation, and so we are able to apply results from two-dimensional gravity. Finally, some cosmological solutions will be presented and discussed.


In this paper, we study the selectivity of the potassium channel KcsA by a recently developed image-charge solvation method(ICSM) combined with molecular dynamics simulations. The hybrid solvation model in the ICSM is able to demonstrate atomistically the function of the selectivity filter of the KcsA channel when potassium and sodium ions are considered and their distributions inside the filter are simulated. Our study also shows that the reaction field effect, explicitly accounted for through image charge approximation in the ICSM model, is necessary in reproducing the correct selectivity property of the potassium channels.


Measurements of cyclotron resonance and the infrared absorption in the region of the direct band gap are reported for the complete range of alloys InAs1-xPx. The experimentally determined values of the effective mass are found to be almost linear functions of the alloy composition. This is in contrast to the predictions of k.p theory which, using a linear interpolation of the momentum matrix element (P2) between the values for the two alloy constituents, predicts a strong bowing. The discrepancy is thought to arise from a reduction in P2 brought about by a mixing of the conduction and valence bands by random local disorder.


The microprocessor complex "Biotron-M" designed for automation of experiments in microorganisms cultivation carried out simultaneously on no more than 3 fermenters is described. The complex is based on KTS LIUS-2 and microcomputer "Elektronika-60".

Information and control functions as well as the complete system are considered. The operating system "Rafos" with double-task monitor is used as the system software. Special software is represented by a set of program modules performing the functions of the complex.

An example is given concerning the operation of "Biotron-M" together with fermentation plant "FU-8".


The author presents to us a bibliographical semblance of don Jose Justo Gomez de la Cortina, an efficient governor of Mexico City (1835-1836), Minister of the Treasury Department, in charge of the Exterior Relations Bureau (1838), representative in the Sixth Constitution Congress (1835-1836), etcetera. He was also the founder and president of the Institute of Geography and Statistics (1833), president of the Academy of Language (1835), in addition to other charges. He collaborated, among other publications, in El Registro trimestre, El Mosaico Mexicano, El Museo Mexicano, El Universal, El Siglo diez y nueve y El Zurriago literario. As a politician, the earl of Cortina will be always remembered for his principles of peace and order; as a public man he knew how to win the affection of his contemporaries by constantly giving support to the national culture and his accentuated philanthropy.


Power isn't property of the state or government.It tends to plurality in the course of diversification.In order to achieve effective social control and establish a steady social order,we need the authority of law to coordinate interest conflicts and organize unified action.


Some of the most interesting episodes in the history of science in volve the researcher's management of new ideas and theories. Who should get to know about them? Who should not? How are they to be shared and developed? In the seventeenth century, natural philosophers felt compelled to protect the priority of their discoveries if they were to earn the fame, patronage, and priority they hoped to reap. Even the Baconian directive that science should be a collaborative, communal effort — an ideal codified in the early workings of the Royal Society —


Utilization of basalt scoria stone as one of the building materials that can be one of the alternatives to limestone which has been known as a cement maker and utilizes the availability of abundant basalt, especially in Lampung which has these natural resources. This research is to analyze the basalt stone powder and analyze the optimum content at the temperature variation of the most effective mixture of basalt stone powder to produce compressive strength of concrete. The research method uses experimental methods at the Bandar Lampung University laboratory. The specimens used were cylinders with a diameter of 10.16 cm and a height of 20cm totaling 63 specimens using the DOE method. There are 6 types of mixtures, namely at a temperature of 800˚C there are 2 mixes of 3% and 7% basalt stone powder, a temperature of 1200˚C there are 2 mixes of 3% and 7% basalt stone powder, and at a temperature of 1600˚C there are 2 mixtures of 3% and 7% basalt stone powder. Compressive strength testing is performed at the age of concrete testing 7, 14, and 28 days. The results of the study show that the addition of heated basalt stone powder can increase the compressive strength of concrete. The compressive strength results in a mixture of temperature variations included in the planned compressive strength. The optimum compressive strength value of 28 days of testing occurred on 3% concrete mix of basalt stone powder at a temperature of 1600˚C that is equal to 392 kg / cm². Keywords: Concrete, Basalt Stone and compressive strength


To the Editor:

We appreciate the comments by Nagashima and Minota regarding our report1, but we would underline some aspects of it.

First, the association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and dermatomyositis (DM) in a single patient seems to be infrequent and the real incidence is unknown2,3. The coincidence of myopathies and RA has been previously described in case series of patients — 7 cases of DM and RA, 16 cases of polymyositis (PM) and RA, and 15 cases of unspecified DM or PM associated with RA. However, no uniform criteria or detailed case records could be found regarding these cases and only 4 detailed case reports …

Address correspondence to Dr. Brunasso; E-mail: giovanna.brunasso{at}gmail.com


This paper describes the physical and chemical characteristics of tropical peat. It covered mostly the tropics areas in the worldwide. All the analysis done by gets through others research. The data are collected from various types of sources. Study of physical properties was more the domain of soil mechanics and soil engineering than soil chemistry


She may be right, but her case is not wholly convincing, partly because Schallmayer is the only figure discussed in detail and partly because the evidence respecting other figures is in fact ambiguous. Weiss asserts that Schallmayer's views were representative of Wilhelmine eugenicists. However, from the evidence of her book, one could conclude that the movement was actually characterized by a plurality of racial attitudes and thus that no one was typical. Fritz Lenz and Alfred Ploetz, for example, belonged to a secret "Nordic Ring" within the German Society for Race Hygiene. Weiss notes, only to dismiss, such apparent counter-examples, insisting that Schallmayer's views "permeated the thinking of other race hygienists, indeed the society as a whole". But her illustrative quotations indicate that she means by this only that other eugenicists accepted Schallmayer's "technocratic logic". Weiss has convincingly demonstrated that some important eugenicists, such as Schallmayer and Alfred Grotjahn, were anti-racist. That is an unexpected and important finding. But this reader, at least, still needs to be convinced that the same can be said for Wilhelmine eugenics as a whole. Diane B. Paul University of Massachusetts at Boston


Dielectric properties of electron beam evaporated SiO X (0 < x < 2) thin films with thickness of 140-300 nm were studied in the frequency range 10 2 -10 5 Hz and temperature range 300-580 K. Effects of SiO X film thickness, frequency and temperature on conductance and capacitance were studied for Al-SiO X -Al capacitors. The frequency dependence of conductance G P was found to obey an equation of the form G p = A'f s where A' is a constant and S is a temperature dependent quantity whose value is close to unity. Values of thermal activation energy were determined in different temperature ranges for different applied frequencies and results are discussed.


The objective of this study was to assess mothers' perceptions of the causes of their child's malnutrition and thus their responsiveness to the child's condition. This was a qualitative study. In‐depth interviews were conducted with mothers of children diagnosed with organic (n=2) and inorganic (n=6) malnutrition, as well as reviewing their medical chart for data extraction in the only Children's Hospital in Ghana. This was done in concurrence with the nutritional rehabilitation program of the Nutrition Rehabilitation Clinic. Of the 8 mothers with malnourished children observed and interviewed, only 1 correctly attributed poor nutrition as the cause of malnutrition and admittance to the hospital while the remaining 7 did not have any idea of the role of nutrition. Overall, mothers of the organic cases were more responsive to the nutritional care of their child at the clinic, while some of the mothers of the inorganic cases withheld the PlumpyNut supplied by the clinic. This observation was consistent with the rate of recovery of the 2 organic cases compared to their inorganic counterparts according to their medical charts. Our observation and interaction with the mothers suggested a lack of nutrition knowledge and awareness in child feeding. There is therefore a need for nutrition education in the area of child feeding in resource poor areas and a rehabilitation program that strictly require mothers' involvement.


The purpose of this study
was to quantify and evaluate the effects of ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)
cold phases, throughout a composite of five intense La Nina episodes, on the
atmospheric energetics of four distinct domains:
80°S - 5°N (zone 1), 5...


A new coalition of employers, medical societies, and healthcare organizations is pushing for healthcare reform that emphasizes the American Academy of Family Physicians' medical home model. Spearheaded by IBM, the coalition stresses the importance of EHRs, patient portals, and community health information exchanges. But its key goal is to change the way primary-care physicians are reimbursed so that they can provide better care.


The author discusses the ethical and practical implications of online editing. He contends that the author, as owner of a document, has sole right and responsibility for any changes that are made, but that online editing transfers this authority to the editor. Suggestions are given for retaining online editing while returning authority over a document to the author.


Although primary hepatoma is not very frequent in alcoholics, the incidence of hepatoma in cases of hepatitis B infection combined with heavy alcohol drinking is high. In the present study, the effects of chronic alcohol administration onthe development of chemicalinduced hepatic cancer in rats were analyzed. In 70% hepatectomized Wistar strain male rats, asingle dose (1 mg per 100 gm body weight) of diethylnitrosamine was injected intraperitoneally. Eight weeks after the injection, 20% alcohol‐10% sucrose solution (diethylnitrosamine‐alcohol group), 0.1% sodium phenobarbital solution (diethylnitrosamine‐phenobarbital group), 10% sucrose solution (diethylnitrosamine‐sucrose group) or tap water (diethylnitrosamine‐alone group) was given as drinking water for 32 weeks. The numbers of visible nodules per liver were significantly greater in the diethylnitrosamine‐alcohol and diethylnitrosamine‐phenobarbital groups compared to the diethylnitrosaminealone and diethylnitrosamine‐sucrose groups. The numbers of enzyme‐altered foci which were positive to γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase staining per square centimeter of liver section were also greater in the diethylnitrosamine‐alcohol and diethylnitrosamine‐phenobarbital groups than in the diethylnitrosamine‐alone and diethylnitrosamine‐sucrose groups, although the numbers of nodules and enzyme‐altered foci were significantly larger in the diethylnitrosamine‐phenobarbital group than in the diethylnitrosamine‐alcohol group. The enzyme‐altered foci areas calculated by γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase staining were significantly larger in the diethylnitrosamine‐alcohol and diethylnitrosamine‐phenobarbital groups than in the diethylnitrosamine‐alone and diethylnitrosamine‐sucrose groups. Histologically, visible nodules observed in diethylnitrosamine‐phenobarbital and diethylnitrosamine‐alcohol groups showed characteristic features of neoplastic nodules. These results indicate that alcohol has a promoter action on the development of chemically induced hepatic cancer like phenobarbital.


Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) is an X-ray all-sky monitor, attached to the Japanese experiment module Kibo on the International Space Station. The main scientific goals of the MAXI mission include the discovery of X-ray novae followed by prompt alerts to the community (Negoro et al., in this conference), and production of X-ray all-sky maps and new source catalogs with unprecedented sensitivities. To extract the best capabilities of the MAXI mission, we are working on the development of detailed image analysis tools. We utilize maximum likelihood fitting to a projected sky image, where we take account of the complicated detector responses, such as the background and point spread functions (PSFs). The modeling of PSFs, which strongly depend on the orbit and attitude of MAXI, is a key element in the image analysis. In this poster, we present the status of our software development.


Desalination powered by a microgrid is becoming an important task for a large number of countries with water shortage. Even with countries in sufficient supply of water from the nature, desalination is crucial for residents in remote and isolated regions such as islands. Production capacity of a desalination plant depends on the number of beneficiaries. When the number of beneficiaries is on the order of 100, microgrid based desalination plant can be a competitive solution. This work presents a desalination process conducted in a microgrid based desalination management platform. Desalination plant operated by renewable energy is implemented and tested. Since most of electric power consumed in the platform is used for high pressure pump, it is our main concern to observe the relation between the high pressure pump and other controllable device(s), e.g., the retentate valve. It is found from the observations that the retentate valve can affect the operation of desalination process by means of its openness.


Although both male and women farmers contribute to agricultural production significantly, yet inequality in the access of resources between men and women is linked with production in efficiency. The objectives of tthis study is to examined women farmers' access to extension services in Central Agricultural Zone, Bauchi State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 240 women farmers for the study. Structured questionnaire was administered to collect information from the women farmers. Descriptive statistics and logit regression were used for the statistical analysis. The result of the study indicates that Socio-economic variables such as age, farm size and group membership had significant influence in accessing extension services at 5%, 1% and 5% levels, respectively. The constraints faced by the women farmers were insufficient farm inputs and inadequate farm credit amongst others. It was concluded that women farmers in the study area had access to extension services and radio was the most widely used source of extension information in the area. Likewise, age, farming experience, farm size and group membership influenced the respondents' access to extension services. It was recommended that women farmers should be assisted in acquiring farm inputs at a subsidized rate in the area. The existing women groups should mobilize funds among their members in order to help solve problem of inadequate farm credit.


The spaces with a random variable exponent 𝐿𝑝(𝜔)(𝐷×Ω) and 𝑊𝑘,𝑝(𝜔)(𝐷×Ω) are introduced. After discussing the properties of the spaces 𝐿𝑝(𝜔)(𝐷×Ω) and 𝑊𝑘,𝑝(𝜔)(𝐷×Ω), we give an application of these spaces to the stochastic partial differential equations with random variable growth.


Data assimilation obtains improved estimates of the state of a physical system by dynamically combining imperfect model results with sparse and noisy observations of reality. Not all observations u...


Abstract In surveys of coffee plantations in Chiapas, Mexico from 1983 to 1985 to assess the distribution and damage caused by the coffee berry borer, prior to parasite introduction levels of infestation were greatest near the Guatemalan border and varied with altitude, the borer was most numerous between 500–1000 m above sea level, corresponding to a mean annual temperature of 23 to 25 °C. Many berries are left on the tree and ground after harvest and high levels of attack were found in both places.


The concept of "incubator" is often used as an overall denomination for organizations that constitute or create a supportive environment that is conducive to the "hatching" and development of new firms. Hence, most of the incubators has become as a tool for policy makers on national and local levels to view them for promoting economic development, innovativeness and the emergence of new technology-based growth firms including Malaysia. However, not all Incubation Centre in Malaysia provides a good practice to enhance their incubatee to develop their Technopreneurship. Technopreneurship has been identified as imperative part of competitive advantages today's knowledge based economy Hence, focusing on the technology-based entrepreneur will act as channels to expand and expedite the business as well as the people. This research can be as a guideline or reference to influence more start-up technopreneur to develop their technopreneur skills through Technology Incubation Centre in Malaysia. From the incubators side, this research can be as a benchmarks for them to develop more successful graduate's technopreneur incubatee. In this study, the researcher will discuss on the good performance of Technology Incubators (TBI's) in Malaysia which has become one of the success factors to Develop Technopreneurs in Malaysia. This research review about the services that most of technology incubators in Malaysia provides to helps their incubatee which is consist of start-up technopreneurs to move from innovation concept, though the prototype stage, and on toward probing the market, attracting the needed capital until commercializing operation. The researcher focus on Technology Incubation Centre in Malaysia. From the research, there are seven success factors that can be using by TBI's in Malaysia to develop their technopreneur are identified. There are many problems will be faced when the venture is technology based but the incubator can help to tackle many of these problems if they refer to the success factor.


In this paper, an extension of cascaded logic track formation for bi-band imaging sensors was presented. The proposed performance evaluation technique avoids the need for extensive simulations and is applicable to both AND/OR fusion rules on the two images. This new technique can be used to select logic parameters based on the desired true track detection and false track acceptance probabilities. It was shown that for a given bi-band 2/2/spl times/m/n cascaded logic, the probability of true track acceptance can be improved by choosing the OR fusion rule whereas the probability of false track acceptance can be reduced by choosing the AND fusion rule. It is not possible to increase the true track probability and decrease the false track probability simultaneously by using the same fusion rule.


This publication provides national totals of financial data acquired from institutions of higher education in a questionnaire distributed in 1973as a component of the eighth annual Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) . Seeking data for 1972-73, the questionnaire acquired information on current funds revenues and expenditures, physical plant assets, physical plant indebtedness, and the value and earnings of endowments. This publication is limited to summary data on property, comprising physical plant assets, indebtedness of physical plant, and endowment. A companion publication, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; Property, 1972-73, State Data" (available only from the Government Printing Office of the National Center for Education Statistics) , contains details for each region, state, the District of Columbia, and outlying areas of the United States. (Author) * ******** *********************** __*** *************** -311 Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy aailable. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche,and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. ********************************************************************* *


Because pharmacotherapies in type 2 diabetes exert complex effects, we examined the different anti‐diabetic strategies, especially the influence of insulin doses, on the activation of oxidative stress, a key player in atherosclerosis, ageing and the risk of cancer.


We present a model of chemical reaction within hills to explore how evolving porosity (and by inference, permeability) affects flow pathways and weathering. The model consists of hydrologic and reactive‐transport equations that describe alteration of ferrous minerals and feldspar. These reactions were chosen because previous work emphasized that oxygen‐ and acid‐driven weathering affects porosity differently in felsic and mafic rocks. A parameter controlling the order of the fronts is presented. In the absence of erosion, the two reaction fronts move at different velocities and the relative depths depend on geochemical conditions and starting composition. In turn, the fronts and associated changes in porosity drastically affect both the vertical and lateral velocities of water flow. For these cases, estimates of weathering advance rates based on simple models that posit unidirectional constant‐velocity advection do not apply.


The systems, structures, and purpose of schooling in the United States are built on notions of social efficiency and assimilation (Kliebard, 1987), which can be highly problematic. Overtly determin...


Digital holography has been widely studied in recent years, and a number of applications have been demonstrated. In this paper, we demonstrate that sparsity-based phase-shifting digital holography can be applied for image authentication. In phase-shifting digital holography, the holograms are sequentially recorded. Only small parts of each hologram are available for numerical reconstruction. It is found that nonlinear correlation algorithm can be applied to simply authenticate the reconstructed object. The results illustrate that the recovered image can be correctly verified. In the developed system, the recorded holograms are highly compressed which can facilitate data storage or transmission, and one simple authentication strategy has been established instead of applying relatively complex algorithms (such as compressive sensing) to recover the object.


The rise and development of high utilization ratio of resources and circle utilization promote the development ofcurrently circulation economy. Starting from the definition and theory of circulation economy, ten main issues for the researchin fertilizer industry are pointed out in this paper. Meanwhile, according to the viewpoint of science development, six con-cepts for increasing the utilization ratio of fertilizer resources are analyzed. Further,combining with the current conditions ofexploiting effect-controlled fertilizer with high utilization ratios of both home and abroad,this paper puts forward threeproposals.


This paper expounds the preprocessing technology for data integration and its necessity, and discusses on the methods of cleaning up the incomplete data, noise data and inconsistent data.


Our major critics and our major authors, recognizable even in this age in which the very ideas of "the major," of "the author," and even of "our" (or anyone's) right _to declare on such matters have fallen under such clouds of suspicion and, in some corners, attracted such outright hostility?our major critics and our major authors have tended to find one another, the major critical career, or a major portion thereof, a major idea, henceforth associated with the critic in question, often originating in the critic's sustained engagement with the work of some single major author. Mack and Pope, Hartman and Wordsworth, Frye and Blake, Van Ghent and Dickens, Bloom and Blake (then Shelley, then Yeats, then . . . Shakespeare, perhaps), Ellmann and Yeats, Trilling and Forster, Kenner and Joyce, Bakhtin and Dostoyevsky, Vendler and Keats, Gilbert and Gubar and Bront?, Greenblatt and Shakespeare . . . the list could extend into the pres ent, in which case one could do worse than nominate the following pair: Attridge and Coetzee. This judgment does not overlook Derek Attridge's impressive body of previous work, especially in or adjoining Joyce studies, some of which has indeed prepared the ground for this study.1 Nor


Throughout the years complexes of symptoms of the upper extremity, caused by compression, were to be explained. Pain, paresthesia, edema, ischemia and motor dysfunction of the arm was and still is a diagnostic problem. From the start many separated syndromes have been developed in order to explain the patientrsquos problems which at the end came they all together to a nosological entity, the thoracic outlet compression syndrome (TOS). This paper reviews the evolution of the syndromes throughout the years and the historical landmarks that formed this multifactorial problem as we understand it today.


Possible roles of the Lys189–Lys205 outermost loop on the A domain of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase were explored by mutagenesis. Both nonconservative and conservative substitutions of Val200 caused very strong inhibition of Ca2+-ATPase activity, whereas substitutions of other residues on this loop reduced activity only moderately. All of the Val200 mutants formed phosphoenzyme intermediate (EP) from ATP. Isomerization from ADP-sensitiveEP (E1P) to ADP-insensitive EP (E2P) was not inhibited in the mutants, and a substantially larger amount of E2P actually accumulated in the mutants than in wild-type sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase at steady state. In contrast, decay of EP formed from ATP in the presence of Ca2+ was strongly inhibited in the mutants. Hydrolysis of E2P formed from Piin the absence of Ca2+ was also strongly inhibited but was faster than the decay of EP formed from ATP, indicating that the main kinetic limitation of the decay comes after loss of ADP sensitivity but before E2P hydrolysis. On the basis of the well accepted mechanism of the Ca2+-ATPase, the limitation is likely associated with the Ca2+-releasing step fromE2P·Ca2. On the other hand, the rate of activation of dephosphorylated enzyme on high affinity Ca2+binding was not altered by the substitutions. In light of the crystal structures, the present results strongly suggest that Val200 confers appropriate interactions of the Lys189–Lys205 loop with the P domain in the Ca2+-released form of E2P. Results further suggest that these interactions, however, do not contribute much to domain organization in the dephosphorylated enzyme and thus would be mostly lost on E2P hydrolysis.


In the work of Knox, Steven W. (1992), it is claimed that "A k-nacci sequence in a  finite group is simply periodic (Knox, 1992)." We provide examples to demonstrate that the claim  isn't true ingeneral and we indicate that there is at least a simply periodic k-nacci sequence in a  finite group.


The comparative analysis of the human and primate genomes including the chimpanzee can reveal unique types of information impossible to obtain from comparing the human genome with the genomes of other vertebrates. PrimateDB is an open depository server that provides primate genome information for the comparative genome research. The database also provides an easy access to variable information within/between the primate genomes and supports analyzed information, such as annotation and retroelements and phylogeny. The comparative analyses of more primate genomes are also being included as the long-term objective.


Implantable hearing prostheses are a preferred medium for (re)habilitation in individuals with sensorineural deafness and profound hearing loss. Cochlear implants are used in hearing impairments of the cochlear origin, while in cases of the retrocochlear origin, auditory brainstem implants are applied. The obtained results indicate that open-set speech understanding has now become achievable for the majority of cohlear and brainstem implant users. Moreover, the new method of partial deafness treatment has been offered for patients remaining beyond the scope of effective treatment with application of cochlear implant or hearing aids.


Variable reluctance resolvers (VRRs) have been widely used for rotor position detection in harsh working conditions. However, conventional installation of VRRs inevitably occupies the axial space of machine systems, and may weaken the reliability of rotor position detection encountering shock and vibration. In this article, a novel VRR structure with inner stator is investigated, which is radially integrated inside a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) to construct compact machine topology. The hybrid machine topology is first discussed, and detailed electromagnetic design is carried out. Improved analytical analysis on air gap flux density distribution and inductance evaluation of the integrated VRR is derived based on modified winding function approach, and testified by finite element analysis. A prototype is manufactured from an existing 2.2 kW PMSM, and experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of proposed machine topology.


Review of Blackstone and his Commentaries: Biography, Law, History. Edited by Wilfrid Prest. [Oxford: Hart. 2009. 280 pp. Hardback £50. ISBN: 9781841137964.]


Through the determinations of δ13Corg, δ15N, total organic C, total N and C/N ratio in Longgan Lake sediments, this paper analyzed the sources of sedimentary organic matters in the Lake, variations of lake productivity, and evolution process of sediment since 1948. The results showed that the sedimentary organic matters mainly derived from native aquatic organic matters. The aquatic plants were float grasses accompaning with algae. Land matters and city pollutants had little influence, while large amounts of applied chemical fertilizers had great effects on the lake sediments. With the input of nutrients, the primary productivity of the lake increased, and algae began to flourish. In the sedimentary history, algae started to grow earlier in site L2 than in site L1, but the sediment in site L1 could fix more nutrients.


Stress concentration may be an important cause for mechanical strength deterioration of GIS/GIL insulators. Ultrasonic detection technology of stress has the advantages of good directivity, nondestructive and high efficiency. In this paper, three kinds of LabVIEW visual detection platforms are designed. One is the platform of ultrasonic longitudinal wave penetration, which is used to detect the stress of epoxy in three-post insulators. One is the platform of ultrasonic longitudinal wave reflection, which is used to detect the stress of epoxy outside grounding insert of three-post insulators. The last one is the platform of ultrasonic critical refraction longitudinal wave, which is used to detect the surface stress of basin insulators. Taking a 550 kV GIL three-post insulator and a 252 kV GIS basin insulator as the research objects, the ultrasonic detection for stress of insulators is carried out. It is found that the stress of epoxy in a post of the three-post insulator is −0.008 MPa. The stress of epoxy outside grounding insert of the three-post insulator is −0.007 MPa. The surface stress of the basin insulator is 0.423 MPa when no external load is applied. The platforms can be used to detect the stress of insulators conveniently and quickly, which provides the foundation for subsequent engineering applications of the stress detection on GIS/GIL insulators.


Among the approaches used to jointly estimate the directions of arrival (DOAs) of K targets in a multiple-input multiple-output dual-function radar communication system, the method based on the identification of the K largest local maxima of the modulus of the Fourier transform (FT) of the signal received by the antennas has the advantage of having a low computational cost. However, the local maxima do not necessarily correspond to the values of interest. To avoid this problem, we present an operation mode making it possible to address the estimations of the DOAs separately. To this end, we propose to design a waveform reducing the magnitudes of the signals back-scattered by the targets except the one located in a specific zone. Then, this operation mode is extended to address the case of a received signal disturbed by an additive white Gaussian noise. Finally, simulation results confirm that this approach improves the standard approach based on the FT.


The non-stop railway station system realizes non-stop getting on and off of passengers. The preset invention uses exchange carriage capable of being separated from train for the transition of passengers between train and railway station. In addition, the high place setup of stop platform, in railway station can store and utilize energy of stopping carriage so as to realize power saving. The present invention is used for city subway and other railway communiction facilities with multiple stations and short station distance.


P U R P O S E • Psychological variables are seen as determining factors of the initiation of alcohol use, the maintenance of alcohol use, and the relapse to alcohol use following cessation of use (Brady & Sonne, 1999). • It is widely acknowledged that alcohol use disorders are co-morbid with depression (e.g., Merikangas et al., 1998). Additionally, the construct of "perceived stress" has been linked to alcohol consumption (Cohen & Williamson, 1988), and most theoretical models regarding alcohol use (initiation and continuation) consider stress to be a key predictor of later problems with alcohol (Brady & Sonne, 1999). • Previous research has shown that age, gender, and rurality are potential covariates in the relationships between psychological stress, depression, and alcohol use. • There is a need to further explicate the relationship between psychological stress, depression, and alcohol use over time. • The objectives of this study were to determine whether change in depression mediated the relationship between change in stress on later alcohol use, and to examine if differences in age, gender and rurality affected the relationship. M E T H O D S • Participants were recruited into the Spokane Heart Study, a longitudinal study assessing traditional and emerging risk factors of coronary artery disease in a predominantly asymptomatic, community-dwelling sample. • This study includes 527 participants (55% male, mean age = 47 years at baseline) with self-reported psychological stress scores assessed during 1996-1998, 240 of which had selfreported depression scores assessed in 2002-2004, and 140 which had self-reported alcohol use scores in 2010. • The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used to measure stress, depression, and alcohol use, respectively. • Structural regression modeling was used to test for mediation by regressing the CES-D intercept (depression values at 2002) and CES-D slope (depression growth over 8 years) on the PSS intercept (stress values at 1994) and PSS slope (stress growth over 16 years), which in turn was used to predict AUDIT scores. • Age, gender, and distance from the city center were then added to the model to determine if those variables influenced the mediation model. • The estimation process employed robust maximum likelihood estimation (i.e., the MLR estimator) and full information maximum likelihood using all available data to account for missing data. • All primary statistical testing was conducted in Mplus 6.1 (Muthen & Muthen, 1998-2010). R E S U LT S • The slope of the CES-D mediated the relationship between the slope of the PSS and current AUDIT scores. Please refer to Table 1 for selected parameter estimates for the mediation model. • This relationship remained so when age, gender, and distance from the city center were added into the model. Please refer to Table 1 for selected parameter estimates for the mediation model with covariates. • Men had higher AUDIT values and lower PSS intercept scores compared to women, younger participants had a greater increase in PSS values over time, and participants living further from the city center had a greater increase in PSS values over time, while participants living closer to the city center had higher AUDIT values. This final model is depicted in Figure 1. S I G N I F I C A N C E • Using statistical techniques designed to address longitudinal mediation, this study found that the relationship between change in perceived stress and alcohol use was mediated by change in depression in a predominantly healthy, older sample. • Thus, it may be beneficial to screen for depressive symptomology in the general, older population in order to prevent heavy alcohol use. • Additionally, as age, gender, and rurality explain variation in the longitudinal relationships between stress, depression, and alcohol use, prevention and early interventions for depressive symptomology may help prevent increased alcohol use in at-risk demographic groups.


The Eurasian woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) is a major invasive pest in pine plantations of the Southern Hemisphere. In this study, we aimed to identify pheromone compounds in S. noctilio females, for potential use in lures for pest monitoring and control. An examination of S. noctilio body washes resulted in the identification of a behaviorally active compound, 10‐oxo‐decanoic acid (10‐ODA), that is derived from cuticular hydrocarbons of females. This oxocarboxylic acid is likely produced through oxidative reactions at the cleavage of double bonds of certain female‐produced cuticular dienes. Gas chromatography‐electroantennogram detection (GC‐EAD) analyses showed that only male antennae consistently responded to natural and synthetic 10‐ODA. In olfactometer assays, 10‐ODA alone was attractive to S. noctilio males, although males marginally preferred the combination of 10‐ODA and nonanal, compared with 10‐ODA alone. This suggests pheromonal activity of this compound. However, no wasps were captured in initial field trapping experiments with 10‐ODA and further work is required.


Summary. We give a systematic formulation and a rigorous justification of a perturbation technique for the computation of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of Love waves (and toroidal oscillations by an appropriate change for variables) in an anelastic medium with a constitutive law modelling geophysical media of current interest such as the Kelvin—Voigt Solid, the Maxwell Solid, the Standard Linear Solid, and the Standard Linear Solid with a continuous spectrum of relaxation times. We develop expressions relating the eigenvalues of eigenfunctions for Love waves in a continuously varying vertically stratified anelastic half-space to the corresponding elastic eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Analytically, our correspondence principle has the form of a regular perturbation expansion in terms of a parameter for both the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The identification of ɛ is motivated by the dissipativity principle of viscoelasticity theory. Moreover, we show that our correspondence principle applies respectively only in the high and low frequency range for the Maxwell and Kelvin—Voigt Solids. Outside of the applicable range of frequencies, our correspondence principle yields no useful information. For the family of Standard Linear Solids it is uniformly applicable for all non-zero frequencies.

We also derive an explicit formula to estimate the radius of convergence of our perturbation expansions. This estimate of the radius of convergence for each eigenvalue and eigenfunction is functionally defined by the constitutive model for the anelastic medium. The estimate is frequency dependent and depends on the separation distance between the eigenvalue and the remainder of the spectrum of the corresponding elastic problem.


In this paper,the evaluation method of Markov Chain of physical education teaching quality were discussed, authou explained characteristic the of method with example.


In recent years, we have witnessed the viability of applying cloud computing concepts to the domain of vehicular networks. A basic component of this infrastructure derived from the merge of cloud computing and vehicular networks is a Vehicular Micro Cloud (VMC), also known as vehicular cloudlets. A VMC is a cluster of connected vehicles that share computational resources. Despite being the focus of many studies in recent years, we still do not have a clear understanding of the characteristics of VMCs in large-scale urban scenarios. In this paper, we investigate some fundamental characteristics of stationary and mobile VMCs obtained from a realistic vehicular mobility trace. We characterize the dwell time and the inter-arrival time in stationary VMCs. Also, using statistical modeling, we identify theoretical distributions that best fit these metrics. For mobile VMCs, we reveal how they occur throughout the city along the day, discussing evolution and lifetime aspects.


In multiple wiring of the fracture of the femoral neck, the operative involvement is very little. This method is easy, but the ability of this fixation is rather strong. We often use this method because of its aptitude to old persons.Recently we operated the peritrochanteric fracture of 84 year old female by this method, and the fixation was made with five Kirschner's wires. But while still in plaster, we found that one of the Kirschner's wires was in the pelvic cavity by roentgenography. By urgent laparatomy, we found the wire sticking in the uterus and pulled it out.Such a case was our first one, and in general very rare. In the inner fixation to the advanced osteporosis, we must the coiled wires or bend the end of the Kirschner's wires.


In the regards to the wide application of current E- commerce this paper analyzes the effects and problems involved in accounting in enterprises. It points out that only by means of the development of the E - commerce software can the stable transmission from the traditional financial management to networking financial management realized.


This master thesis focuses on the preservation of modern architecture in Brazil, more specifically, in the challenges faced when recognizing a building as a cultural patrimony for future generations. To achieve its objective, the research concentrated on studying the values that are usually attributed to the cultural heritage, as well as the value-center preservation practices and policies. The old Yellow Fever Laboratory at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation campus, in Rio de Janeiro, was studied having those concepts in mind. Also known as Henrique Aragao Pavilion, the building was designed by architect Roberto Nadalutti and built from 1954-
1960. The methodology used in this research involved the identification of the Yellow Fever Laboratory's construction context, establishing the building's relationship with modern architecture production in Brazil. This movement is an expression of a wider one, which started in Europe in the late 1800s and, later reached other countries throughout the world. The next research step involved a closer understanding of the building, studying and describing the adoption of the modernist vocabulary within the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and, lastly, its valorization as a historical heritage. One of the objectives of this research is to be able to provide
information for a preventive conservation management plan for the Yellow Fever Laboratory and to foster future preservation activities in the building, having in mind the maintenance of its cultural values. The understanding of modern buildings' values is of the utmost importance to articulate the various stakeholders' interests, as well as to foster the direct or indirect preservation of twentieth-century architecture.


This study focused on the semantic shift in the English – Indonesian Translation of Dessen's What Happened to Goodbye. The main purposes of the study was to explain shift or transposition is termed as shift is a translation procedure involving a change in the grammar from source language to target language. Translation shift is termed involves replacing one word class with other without changing the meaning of the message. This study carried out in order to find out the kinds of semantic shift are found in English – Indonesian Dessen's What Happened to Goodbye. This study assess the quality of English – Indonesian translation of semantic shift in Dessen's What Happened to Goodbye. This research was a descriptive qualitative research. The object of this study is English - Indonesian pun translation of Dessen's What Happened to Goodbye. The quality assessment of this study is obtained from the respondents. The respondents are divided into two, they are expert rates (the lecturers) and target readers (the teenager). In the analysis of semantic shift in the What Happened to Goodbye, from the results of analysis, the writer found the first type of shift (The change from Singular to Plural and the position of Adjective); the second type of shift (in SL Grammatical Structure does not exist in TL); the third type of shift (the one where literal translation is grammatically possible but may not accord with natural usage in the TL) and the fourth type of shift (the replacement of a virtual lexical gap by a grammatical structure). The analysis on the translation quality shows that 108 translations (23%) are considered as accurate, and 287 translations (77%) are considered as less accurate. In clarity level, 176 translations are belong to clear (47, 7%), and 219 translations are belong to unclear (52, 3%). Naturalness level shows that 246 translations (54, 7%) are categorized as very natural, and 149 translations (45, 3%) are categorized as sufficient natural.


Since the 1825 there is Gompertz mortality function for estimation of mortality data. All the attemts of finding apropriate mortality function lead to functions that are not easy to fit with the actual mortality data. The most recent reasearches (Azbel) offer simple function for fit mortality tables. Common characteristic of all these functions are difficulty of fiting data. We need to use numerical approach to find the appropriate values of function parameters to fit the function to the mortality data. In this paper we suggest simplified Azbels model which offers more simple technique of fitting data, the well known maximum likelihood estimator. This function is simplifyed to one parametar function and offers fitting data with one equation.


After the peak period during the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 2100-1800/1750 B.C.), around 1750 B.C. the Oxus civilization knows a phase of deep transformations leading to its disappearance and to the emergence of a new cultural complex around 1500 B.C. The Final Bronze Age, yet not much undocumented in Southern Central Asia, seems to be too unknown, and hence disparaged. It represents though a major period in the Central Asia history, where remain unanswered complex questions such as the one of the "decline" of societies, or the one of the interactions between miscellaneous ethnocultural groups. This work, based on ancient and unpublished sources, in a multidisciplinary approach, allows us to specify this era pointing out especially its multicultural characteristic. The study of the periodization is another major aspect of this work. Approached, until now, as an only chronological block, the Final Bronze Age may be shared out in two phases. The material complex, typical of each phase, is unevenly distributed over the territory. In addition, reviewing the causes of the shifts, previously proposed, allows to revise, temper or eliminate some of them. Finally, the analysis of mutations gives us the opportunity to conceive not a general decline, but gradual and heterogeneous developments leading to the emergence of a new type of society, which continuities are visible in the Early Iron Age. Despite some resiliency phenomenons, the impact of the noticed transformations won't allowed the political and cultural structures of the Oxus civilization to be maintained in the middle of the 2nd millennium B.C.


The editors' omissions deserve a few additional comments. Surely Aleksandrovskii sent other dispatches from Prague in late September besides those previously published in Soviet collections on the Munich crisis, but it appears that this subject is so sensitive that the editors have shied away from printing anything at variance with the many official Soviet pronouncements about Munich. The volume also fails to include a single report on the famous "May crisis," which is only mentioned in a previously published conversation of May 25 between Litvinov and Fierlinger. These omissions cannot all be accidental, as there are certainly some events which Soviet diplomatic historians would like to ignore. For example, the May 16 anniversary of the signing of the Soviet-Czechoslovak alliance was not even mentioned on that date in 1938 by the Soviet press. The further away the editors move from controversy, however, the more they include. And the volume's solid format and inclusion of important new material make it a key reference on Soviet diplomacy in 1938.


To analyze the ultrasound (US) characteristics and fine needle biopsy (FNAB) of thyroid carcinomas (TCs) prior to surgery and compare with postoperative histopathology and to determine FNAB sensitivity and specificity.


Sales engineers (SE) are employed by engineering companies to promote and ultimately sell their products and services. An SE should posses technical expertise as well as communicating and negotiating skills. The job could be a first step to sales or marketing management role.


This chapter focuses on the operational side of advocacy. The question we are pursuing is, 'What is needed to get an advocacy project done?'. Physicians and nurses are used to working in environments that are marked by stable (infra)structures, well-known goals, and specific requirements and incentives. Most often, advocates will find the opposite when they work on projects. Since there are no or only weak functioning projects in place, advocates may face several challenges throughout a project. There could be no structure, no specified goals, and no incentives. Pursuing the goal to provide operational support to anyone who is doing advocacy, we summarize major challenges and provide concrete tools and strategies to master these challenges and get projects done successfully.


The purpose of this study is to find out if the tasks in Korean textbooks are composed of contents in accord with Whole-Brain Learning which fosters a creative and well-rounded person. The analysis criteria are prepared based on the development criteria for learning programming taking into account the functional differences and characteristics of the left and right brain, and the criteria are used to analyze four tasks for primary students in standard Korean textbooks developed by the National Institute of Korean Language in 2017. The aspect of standard Korean language performance, which was divided into expressive and understanding activities, showed that certain performance patterns were limited in particular textbooks. The analysis of the predominant factor of the left and right brain showed that the tasks of the left brain's dominant element were many, while the right brain's tasks were very few. This showed that the task should be organized to enable Whole-Brain Learning. Since all human actions and thought process are conducted by the brain, and that education is needed to help the overall and harmonious use of the brain in order to train creative and well-rounded person, the principle of Whole-Brain Learning is premised in the course of education. Furthermore, textbooks for equal use of left and right brain should be presented first. (PuKyong National University)


Inconsistent measurement of ship tonnage, the denominator in the usual measures of crowded conditions on slave vessels, may confound estimated associations between crowding and slave mortality on the Middle Passage. The tonnages reported in Lloyd's Registers are shown to be consistent over time and are used to demonstrate that both the unstandardized and standardized tonnages in the Transatlantic Slave Trade Database are deeply flawed. Using corrected tonnages, we find that crowding increased mortality only on British slave ships and only before the passage of Dolben's Act in 1788.


As control devices are becoming smaller, more cost effective, and more reliable, opportunities are now available to instrument a structure with large number of control devices. Wi th densely installed sensing and control devices, s calability of control systems will be hindered by their dependence on cen tralized control strategies. This paper presents a time-delayed decentralized H2 output feedback controller design for large-scale fe dback structural control. In a decentralized co ntrol system, control decisions can be made based upon data acquired only fr m sensors located in the vicinity of a control device. The decentralized H2 controller design is achieved through homotopic tr ansformation. Linear matrix inequality (LMI) const raints are ensured in the homotopic search, so that the H2 control criteria are satisfied. The proposed algo rithm is validated through numerical simulations with a five-story example structure. P erformance of the proposed H2 controller design is compared with a decentralized H∞ controller design, as well as with a time-delayed d centralized controller design that is based upon the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) criteria. Introduction Utilizing a network of sensors, controllers and con tr l devices, feedback control systems can potentia lly mitigate excessive dynamic responses of a structure s bjected to strong dynamic loads, such as earthquakes or typhoons (Housner et al. 1997). As control devices are becoming smaller, m ore cost effective and reliable, opportunities are now avail able to instrument a structure with large number of control devices (Spencer and Nagarajaiah 2003). Wi th densely installed sensing and control devices, scalability of control systems will be hindered by their dependence on centralized control strategies, where a central controller is responsible for acqui ring data and making control decisions. To mitigat e some of the difficulties with centralized feedback control systems, decentralized control strategies c an be explored (Sandell et al. 1978; Siljak 1991). In a decentralized control sy stem, distributed controllers can be designed to make control decisions using only ne ighborhood sensor data, and to command control devices only in the vicinity area. Some early research on decentralized structural con trol focused on applications in cable-stayed bridge s. A majority of the studies treated the interactions between subsystems or substructures as unknown disturbances; therefore, individual decentralized c ontrollers aim to improve local control performance and cannot take global optimality into consideration (C ao et al. 2000; Luo et al. 2002; Volz et al. 1994). With the focus shifted to building control, Lynch a nd Law (2002; 2004) proposed market-based structura l control strategies that model a structural control system as a competitive market. Following rules of a free market, distributed sellers and buyers reach t he optimal allocation of limited control energy. W ang et al. (2007) described a decentralized static output fe edback control strategy that is based upon the line ar quadratic regulator (LQR) criteria. Sparsity shape constraints upon the gain matrices are employed to represent decentralized feedback patterns; iterativ gradient searching is adopted for computing


Abstract The original method for determining the fineness of agricultural limestone was modified for the greater contribution of particles less than 0.25 mm in diameter that is found in the modern agricultural limestone used in aquaculture. Crusher-run limestone was screened to give nine particle size separates. Systems containing 3.0 kg of soil (pH = 5.21) and 23.5 L of water (total alkalinity = 0.39 mg/L) were treated with 8.0 g of each separate, and total alkalinity and pH were monitored. After 70 d, total alkalinity equilibrated at 55 mg/L in systems treated with particles less than 0.106 mm. The total alkalinity in systems treated with other particle size separates were as follows: control, 0.52 mg/L; greater than 2.0 mm, 2.28 mg/L; 2.0–0.85 mm, 5.75 mg/L; 0.85–0.42 mm, 12.25 mg/L; 0.42–0.25 mm, 26.8 mg/L; 0.25–0.15 mm, 45.62 mg/L; and 0.15–0.106 mm, 49.30 mg/L. Water pH exceeded 7.36 after 2 weeks for systems treated with particles less than 0.25 mm. Wet soil samples (2.5 kg) of pH 5.04 were placed ...


Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is a popular tool used for image recognition. In CNN architecture, a set of weights undergo a series of updating while the training process for image recognition is ongoing. These weight values can be quite a lot in memory consumption. One way to reduce memory consumption is to use a form of weight compression through weight sharing. To do this, one can quantize the weights using K-Means clustering. To use the K means Clustering algorithm, one can manually try different values of K and then choose the best value that can save the CNN memory usage and at the same time will not deteriorate the recognition ability of the CNN. The method of trying different values of K to search for the best compression rate, can be time consuming for the user. In this paper, using XILINX Virtex FPGA library, a proposed hardware model design for a CNN integrated to a resizable Kmeans Clustering Model is presented. The hardware model design highlights the elimination of the manual search for best value of K. A synthesizable hardware model for the control and data path of the integration is proposed. A Hardware Model algorithm for an automated search for the best value of K in steps of 10, is presented. The proposed integration will allow the system to work by itself, to auto search for the best compression ratio after the CNN has finished training.


Correlation between factors has an effect on the analysis of dam seepage observation data.Besides,the regression model is usually linear and it can hardly reflect the change of a dependent variable which is nonlinear function.In consideration of the above problems,and in combination with principal component analysis and BP neural network.A principal component analysis and BP neural network model is set up for analysis of dam seepage observation data in this paper.The result of an example shows that the prediction is more precise than that of the regression model.


The emergence of satellites operating in the 20-30 GHz region of the spectrum (Ka-band) presents new challenges in the design and operation of fixed satellite service systems. The primary challenge is the increased signal attenuation due to environmental conditions (e.g., rain) compared to lower frequencies typically used by existing systems. Most of these Ka-band systems will use spot beams to serve subscribers in a limited geographical region. Because of these two reasons, it is important to understand the impact of rain over a regional geographic area. This paper outlines a method for using widely available radar data to predict fading effects over regional areas. By converting radar data to fade estimates, the performance of the system across the entire spot beam can be assessed. This information can be used to assess the performance of candidate system designs including fading mitigation techniques.


Abstract The mite Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a predator of European red mite Panonychus ulmi (Koch), was detected in 16 of 22 surveyed apple orchards (1975) in Nelson, New Zealand. Azinphosmethyl had been used extensively on these properties for some years for codling moth and leafroller moth control, and suggestions of field tesistance to azinphosmethyl by T. pyri were confirmed in laboratory tests. Detailed toxicological examination of T. pyri from four properties established LC50 values for three strains considerably higher than previously determined values from Nelson orchards (1971). LC50 values ranged from 0.08% to 0.30% a.i. azinphosmethyl. The LC50 for the Appleby-R strain previously tested in 1971 increased from 0.07% to 0.30% from 1972 to 1976. the slopes of the dosage-mortality lines were similar for all strains. Integrated control of European red mite using T. pyri appears feasible at the detected levels of resistance. LC50 values increased curvilinearly in response to c...


Abstract In an influential paper, Ruffin has attempted to reconstruct the circumstances of Ricardo's discovery of the law of comparative advantage. Ruffin's paper has inspired a number of further contributions on the precise nature, logical structure, and analytical significance of Ricardo's formulation of the law of comparative advantage. This paper re-examines Ruffin's reconstruction, and in particular his interpretation of Ricardo's three letters of October 1816 and suggests that it lacks textual and contextual support.


Let T be an injective operator weighted shift with the weight sequence {W_k}~∞_(k=1)B(C~n). Suppose that T is strongly irreducible and (sup)1k∞‖W~(-1)_k‖+∞. Let A′(T) be the commutant of T, and rad A′(T) the Jacobson radical of A′(T). In this paper, we characterize rad A′(T) and prove that the quotient A′(T)/rad A′(T) is commutative.


This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of peer-helping to reduce academic-stress of students collaboratively, and the effectiveness of peer-helping to reduce academic-stress of students individually. This study used Single Subject Research with ABA design. The subjects were 6 students who demonstrated high academic-stress symptoms. The instruments used were; academic-stress scale, self-reflection sheets, observation rubrics, and student worksheets. Data were analyzed by using visual data analysis and Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test. The results of this study were (1) peer-helping is effective to reduce students' academic-stress collaboratively; (2) peer-helping is also effective to reduce students' academic-stress individually.


. Chiorescu characterized the minimal zero- dimensional extensions of certain one-dimensional rings in terms of families of ideals indexed by prime ideals. In this paper we give a constructive development of these extensions, which, to achieve maximum generality, must necessarily avoid dependence on prime ideals. This forces us to develop a purely arithmetic theory. Along the way we get a characterization, in terms of the lattice of radicals of finitely generated ideals, of when a ring with primary zero-ideal has dimension at most one.


Large fault belts often influence the paleo-geomorphic changes in basins and control hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution in basins. Based on the gravity field model European Improved Gravity model of the Earth via New techniques (EIGEN)-6C4, this study calculated the residual Bouguer gravity disturbance of the Tarim Basin by using the minimum curvature method and analyzed gravitational characteristics of major fault belts of the Tarim Basin. The residual Bouguer disturbance exhibits linear residual Bouguer disturbance zones in the Tianshan Mountains, West Kunlun, and the Altyn region, which is consistent with the spatial distribution of their related fault belts. The regional Bouguer disturbance is related to crust–mantle boundary depth, which can be used to roughly estimate crust thickness. Thus, we suggest that the crust–mantle boundary depth order of major faults from deep to shallow is the Altyn region, West Kunlun, and Tianshan Mountains. There is a discontinuity in the residual Bouguer disturbance of West Kunlun, which compares well with the fault belt of West Kunlun. Furthermore, the residual Bouguer disturbance of the Tarim Basin has a series of elliptical areas with a central positive disturbance located within the Bachu uplift and other uplift structures. The residual Bouguer disturbance also reflects the position and distribution of the major fault belts and the boundary of the Tarim Basin, which can provide guidance for dynamic evolution analysis of large basins.


Iran has followed a unique and rapid path to replacement-level fertility. Preliminary results from the 2000 Demographic and Health Survey for Iran show a decline of 32% in the total fertility rate between 1996 and 2000 from nearly 3 children/woman to 2. Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shivazi a demographer at the University of Tehran and a presenter at the UN Expert Group Meeting on Completing the Fertility Transition points to evidence that the rapid decline in births has been the result of simultaneous reduction at all ages: delay in childbearing by young couples increased spacing of births by married women and cessation of births by older women. Such widespread acceptance of the two-child norm is largely due to the national campaign encouraging small families; to the national health care network which has delivered family planning while also reducing infant mortality; to government programs promoting rural development and literacy; and to the countrys Islamic leaderships support for family planning. It is noted that the combination of all these factors while not altering womens rights has improved womens status.


BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the different methods of percutaneous tracheostomy in terms of successful performance of the tracheostomy as well as safety. Tracheostomy is the most common procedure performed on the airway for patients in ICUs. Lately, several methods of percutaneous tracheostomy (multiple dilator, progressive dilator, forceps dilation, screw-like dilation, balloon dilation, and translaryngeal) have been described, with theoretical advantages, but there is no consensus about which is better. METHODS: A systematic review with critical appraisal of the literature was done. Literature in multiple databases was searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing different tracheostomy methods were selected. Clinical and methodological characteristics were assessed. A meta-analysis using fixed effect models was planned for statistically homogeneous outcomes. RESULTS: Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, most of them with small sample sizes and with comparisons of multiple methods. Blue Rhino methods were less difficult for surgeons (risk difference of 14.7% [95% CI 8–21.5]) and had more minor bleeding events (risk difference of −6.3% [95% CI −13.58 to 0.8]). There were no differences in major bleeding events. Statistically, heterogeneity and lack of data impede comparison with other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The Blue Rhino method is less difficult and has more minor bleeding events, but physicians also have more experience with this technique. However, trials are underpowered to define the best method.


A data integration technique of multi well logging systems based on network is presented.In the technique,firstly Ethernet and TCP/IP protocol are constructed to combine multi well logging systems;secondly by developing technique of network storage,developing technique of network plotting,conversion and sharing of well logging data,etc.,not only field well logging and data processing are enhanced,but also current problems are effectively solved such as low efficiency and high cost,degree of data cohesion in multi well logging systems are highly enhanced.Various devices in Eclips5700 and SL6000 system are re-designed and the shared devices have been transplanted and optimized;Network storage interface is mainly used for share and usage of storage devices in different log systems,while network plotting interface for share/usage of plotter.The core technology is software interface development based on TCP/IP Ethernet protocol,and the development tool is VC++and GCC.The internal core re-set and data integration in multi-logging systems such as hp-unix and Windows 2000 server may provide logging environment for multiple logging systems cooperations.Data integration establishes multi-platform network communications;cross-plotform data storages are implemented through nfs and samba server.The newly-developed shared platform of data base solved the problems in data base share of different logging systems,e.g.,sharing OCT data,log data between oracle data base and sql server.The developed X-server processes interpretation data and expands one virtual work station,thus,improving Eclips5700 system efficiency.In addition,successful conversion of data formats in the different logging systems is quite convenient for multi-platform data processing and interpretation,so improving application efficiency of the log data.


PurposePrevious experience is a critical factor affecting entrepreneurial activities; however, it has not been fully studied in the existing literature. This study attempts to comprehensively reveal the routes and mechanisms of occupational experience that affect entrepreneurial activities and assess the entrepreneurial potential of different occupational practitioners.Design/methodology/approachBy matching occupational characteristics with entrepreneurs' competence, this study proposes ten hypotheses about how occupational experience affects entrepreneurial entry and performance. This empirical study is based on the Occupational Information Network database and Chinese survey data. Factor and regression analyses were used in the empirical research.FindingsThis study verifies that different occupational practitioners have varied entrepreneurial potential. Occupational experience, including occupational uncertainty, market contact and social capital, gained from previous experience significantly affects entrepreneurial entry. Meanwhile, occupational characteristics, including management experience, marketing experience, social capital, financial capital, risk-taking ability and creativity, accumulated from previous experience, have a significant impact on entrepreneurial performance.Originality/valueThis study is a pioneering attempt to reveal the relationship between occupational experience and entrepreneurial activities. The transmission mechanism of previous experiences affecting entrepreneurial activities is comprehensively revealed by relaxing the assumption of a representative occupation. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for empirical evidence and have important practical value.


With modern machinery and modem techniques of grass production, mechanical-or zero-grazing offers a means of utilizing the crop to perfection. Whether this results in enhanced profits depends largely upon the farm and the specific circumstances. It may, it may not. What is evident is that the health of the cows is not affected by an unnatural manner of summer feeding; the sward, per se, may be improved by the regular and uniform defoliation; and under conditions of intensive production and the vital need to use profitably every blade of grass, as for instance on small, highly-rented farms, the practice of zero-grazing merits the most careful consideration. It cannot lightly be dismissed as merely a new fad.


A method of treating affected by attachment bracket (126, 200) comprises a fastening means (300), the fastening means is configured to decrease by the fastening mechanism to the table to the table subject fastened along the stent anywhere in the long axis of the table. The subject attachment bracket (126, 200) is fastened to the holder subject of the imaging system (116) comprises: receiving a pivot arm by the attachment slot (316, 318) (304,310) in the the mesa, wherein the attachment is lowered onto the vertical subject holder and engaging the slots of the physical table; and in response to receiving a force and releasably lock the arms, the arms so that they no longer pivot to the subject attachment bracket secured to the holder by a subject.


ENTRAL market quotations provide a basis for settling C trades at country points in cotton, cheese, poultry and eggs, butter, and sometimes other products.1 There are important differences in the way quotations are used in these industries, and in market reporting for them. I shall discuss some of the problems in the use of central market quotations for pricing at country points, with particular reference to butter. I use the term "quotations" to include any wholesale price employed as a basis of settlement, whether U.S.D.A. daily price reports or prices from private reporting agencies. The term originally referred to prices reflected by Exchanges. The major central markets for butter are New York, Chicago, and San Francisco, where the principal Exchanges are located. Seattle and Philadelphia are sometimes included in this group. The two quotations most often used for settlement in Wisconsin are the Chicago Price Current, and the Dairy and Poultry Market News report for Chicago. My primary data come from the preliminary tabulation of a survey of butter pricing at country points in Wisconsin, carried out as part of a cooperative project with the Agricultural Experiment Stations in the North Central region and the U. S. Department of Agriculture.2 The objective of the regional study was to examine the methods by which prices were established for butter at country points and central markets, to appraise their adequacy, and to suggest ways of improving them. The problem grew out of the effects of decentralization in the butter industry, noticeable even before the turn of the century. It became important as an increasingly large proportion of butter was bought from factories and traded throughout the marketing process on the basis of contracts naming a central market wholesale quotation as a basis for settlement. Meanwhile, the growth of


The paper studies the determinants of the relative unit labor cost (RULC) in the manufactures between Mexico and the US, and the effect of RULC on Mexican private investment. Seeking to detect persistent, "long-run" effects, the econometric estimations apply the bounds testing approach to quarterly data from the post-liberalization period in Mexico, 1988–2008. While the productivity-adjusted manufacturing real wage fell in Mexico, RULC nonetheless increased due to an even stronger fall in the US and the misalignment of the peso —with the latter resulting in a steady rise in Mexico's exchange-rate-adjusted relative manufacturing prices. The estimations show that RULC affects private investment negatively, and thus that the upward trend in RULC contributed to the low levels of investment observed in Mexico. In addition to capital flows, RULC responds significantly to the peso–dollar real interest rate differential, indicating that the upward trend in RULC is partly explained by repeated surges in capital inflows and the disinflationary stance of monetary policy. Looking ahead, the estimation results suggest that monetary policy can support faster economic growth, in the medium term, by reducing the interest rate differential and encouraging a more competitive level of RULC.


In this paper,the mechanical behavior of new type composite joints was studied by the three-dimensional finite element method.The joints consist of concrete-filled square steel tubular column and steel skeleton reinforced concrete beam.The result shows that the joint has excellent integrality,large initial stiffness,good seismic resistance performance,favorable ductility deformation capacity,and can easily transmit beam moment.Also,the joint shows long yield platform and has very little decrease of the capacity after yield.The column pipe shows small stress and there is almost no yielding after damage.Most parts of concrete in the core of the column are compressed,but the stress is very small.Both panel zones and column show little deformation.In the damage process,plastic hinge moves away from joint where brittle failure is avoided.Thus,the joint is strong enough for earthquake-resistance.


The decision to intervene militarily or not in a conflict is certainly one of the most important a government can take. These decisions are extremely significant financially, politically and socially costly. The research presented in this document analyzes decision-making processes in Canada during the Gulf War, the war in Afghanistan and the war in Iraq. Canada is a very interesting case to study because despite its middle power status, it took part in seven armed conflicts since September 1867. This research will therefore try to identify the reasons for Canada to invest financial and human resources in some conflicts, while it chooses not to get involved in others.Some theories of international relations argue that the defence policy of states is guided by the desire to maximize their power on the international stage. Other theories will instead focus on values or norms internalized by states, or their integration into international institutions. These different assumptions raise the importance of internal and external factors, but do not tell which will prevail. Thus, using a neoclassical realism model of decision making synthesizing these two factors, it will be possible to determine which internal (internal policy constraints, perceptions of managers) or external factors (Canada's relative position in the international system) dominate in the decision to go to war.


I. The Commentary to the Sentences.- II. The Logic of Rationate Being.- III. An Epistemology of Critical Realism.- IV. The Metaphysics of Being.- V. An Anthropology of the "Imago Dei".- VI. The Contemplation of God as Man's Natural End.- VII. The Value of Theological Language.- VIII. The Logic of Theological Language.- IX. Did St. Thomas Modify his Theory of Analogy?.


Abstract An experiment was designed and carried out to test the effect of covered troughs upon the growth rate of cutthroat trout. Analysis of the resultant data showed the trout in open troughs to have a significantly greater growth rate than those in covered troughs. The growth rate in open troughs was greater by 13.8 per cent.


Wheat storage proteins are co-translationally inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and then accumulate in protein bodies inside vacuoles. It appears that a significant amount of these storage proteins assemble into protein bodies within the ER and that these protein bodies are subsequently internalized into vacuoles by a process that is analogous to autophagy and does not utilize the Golgi complex. Folding and assembly of the storage proteins within the ER is not a spontaneous process, but is apparently assisted by ER-resident proteins. These include molecular chaperones as well as enzymes that catalyze the formation, isomerization and perhaps also dissociation of disulfide bonds.


Objective To investigate the effects of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule(XST) on diabetic nephropathy in rats.Methods Hyperglycemia(fasting bood glucose 16.7 mmol/L) was induced in 28 male Sprague Dawley(SD) rats by peritoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ,50 mg/kg).The subjects were randomly divided into four groups: diabetic nephropathy group(DN,treated with vehicle),Irbesartan group,low-dosage XST group and high-dosage XST group.Seven healthy SD rats were included as control group(NC).After a 12-week intervention,urine protein was measured,while the pathological evaluation of kidney was carried out with HE,Masson and PAS stain and electron microscopy.Results The urinary albumins were significantly reduced in Group IB,LX and HX than that in DN group,without significant affection on either blood glucose or weight.Irbesartan and XST ameliorated the pathological injury of hyperglycemia on glomerular basement membrane,podocytes,mesangial cells according to HE,Masson and PAS stain,and electron microscopy.There were no significant difference between low-dosage XST and high-dosage XST group.Conclusion XST reduces urine protein and ameliorates renal injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy.


The cavity flood system is designed to be the primary safeguard for the integrity of the blanket modules during loss of coolant accidents (LOCAs). In the unlikely event that the internal flow passages in a module dryout, decay heat in the metal structures will be dissipated to the cavity flood system through the module walls. There is a design proposal under consideration to utilize a single 7.5 inch plate design in the APT blanket lateral modules. Currently, the lateral and downstream row 1 modules are designed with 4.0 inch plates, and longer plates are utilized in the lower power outer row modules. There are many benefits (e.g., fabrication costs, assemblage error reductions) to having a single plate design. The purpose of this study is to determine if the longer plate design meets the safety criterion that, when a module is internally dry, it can be adequately cooled by the cavity flood system.


Chest pain is a challenging clinical problem in the emergency department. Despite advances in clinical diagnosis, many patients with atypical chest pain are needlessly hospitalized and others are mistakenly discharged. Faced with the specific clinical situation in which a patient has chest pain, an initially normal or inconclusive electrocardiogram, and normal cardiac biomarkers, multislice CT has proven useful for ruling out the conditions that involve the greatest morbidity and mortality and for establishing the cause of pain. This article reviews Pulmonary embolism; Aortic disease the current usefulness of multislice CT in the diagnostic workup of patients presenting at the emergency department with che population, describe the acquis of each study protocol. © 2010 SERAM. Published by Els ∗ Autor para correspondencia. Correo electrónico: firstname.lastname@example.com (G. Bastarrika). 033-8338/$ – see front matter © 2010 SERAM. Publicado por Elsevier Es oi:10.1016/j.rx.2011.02.010 st pain. We review the technique, define the most appropriate ition protocols, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages evier España, S.L. All rights reserved. paña, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados.


Adult Gambusia could eat up to 150 mosquito larvae in an eight-hour period. This makes them an excellent biological tool for mosquito control because they eat the larvae before they have a chance to develop into adult mosquitoes. However, the use of Gambusia and Poecilla /guppy fish as biological weapons to control mosquito menace have had also been reported to have the opposite effect as well.


As it may be difficult for users to distinguish a passing execution from a failing execution for a released software system, researchers have proposed to apply the Random Forest algorithm to classify remotely-collected program execution data. In general, execution-data classification can be viewed as a machine-learning problem, in which a trained learner needs to classify whether each execution is a passing execution or a failing execution. In this paper, we report an empirical study that further investigates various issues in execution-data classification based on machine learning. Compared with previous research, our study further investigates the impact of the following issues: different machinelearning algorithms, the numbers of training instances to construct a classification model, and different types of exe-


The main objective of this review is to discuss the different aspects of etiology and pathogenesis of Kushtha Roga with special reference to psoriasis. In Ayurveda Kushtha Roga includes dermatological disorders including psoriasis. Kushtha roga including psoriasis described as one of the most chronic disorders and is very difficult to cure.Several modifying factors including obesity, trauma, infection and a possible deficiency of the active forms of vitamin D3 plays an important role in the development of psoriasis. Psorias is a complex, chronic, multifactorial, inflammatory disease that involves hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes in the epidermis, with an increase in the epidermal cell turnover rate. Environmental, genetic, and immunologic factors appear to play a key role in the pathogenesis of different chronic dermatological disorders especially in psoriasis. The disease psoriasis, most commonly manifests on the skin of the elbows, knees, scalp, lumbosacral areas, intergluteal clefts, and glans penis. In up to 30% of patients, the joints are also affected. Both sciences, ayurveda and modern medical science accepted that diet, activities, environmental, genetic and immunological and psychological factors play key role in the etio-pathogenesis of dermatological disorders. Keywords: Ayurveda, Kushtha Roga, Dermatological disorders, Psoriasis, Etiology, Pathogenesis.


With Lindera and soybean oil as the main raw material,Zanthoxylum,chili etc as accessories,prepare Lindera seasoning oil.The optimum processing conditions have been attained by single factor test and orthogonal experimental design as follows:the ratio of spices to soybean oil 1:150,temperature 125℃,time of extraction 30min,the ratio of Lindera to soybean oil 1:3.Lindera seasoning oil made under the above conditions has golden color,rich fragrance and taste,can meet the requirements of consumers for flavoring.


Real-time data transmission is one of the challenging tasks for LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) based applications. These applications are becoming more popular in the field of Surveying and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The size of Point cloud data (pcd files) generated by LiDAR is generally quite large. In this paper, a real-time Point cloud transmission over Wi-Fi is suggested. Also in order to avoid the transmission of huge data, an Octree-based Point cloud Compression technique is used. This Compression technique is provided by Point cloud Library (PCL). We encode the Point clouds into text files of much lower size as compared to pcd file size. Instead of sending the Point cloud data we send the text files which is further decoded on the receiver side. The preliminary experimental results show that this method has the potential to be used for an exchange of information (3-D view or Point cloud) between two vehicles for Intelligent Transportation System.


The aim of this study was to measure the distribution and chemical states of the trace metal elements incorporated into a matrix of human tissues by using a focused beam from a synchrotron radiation source. The specimens were from human tissues around a total hip replacement that had been inserted in a patient's body for more than 5 years. The implant was made of stainless steel (SUS316L) and titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), and coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Images of the distribution of metal elements obtained by x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed constituents of the implant (titanium, iron, and chromium) distributed around the total hip replacement prosthesis. The results from x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis showed that the iron and chromium from the stainless steel that were diffused in the tissues had undergone chemical changes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Based on data from 1983 to 2006,from the angle of United States direct investment in China,and using Granger causality test,this paper carries out the empirical analysis between Sino-US trade relations,and the result shows that the United States direct investment in China will expand China's exports to the United States,while China's imports of the United States will lead to further capital inflow from the United States into China.While in the short term there is substitution effect from the United States direct investment in China to its export,in the long term the United States' direct investment in China plays a remarkable role in promoting U.S.exports to China.


This study uses quarterly data from Malaysia (2000–2011) to examine the relationship between the wealth effect from real estate (WERE) and outbound tourism while controlling for other relevant outbound tourism determinants. By applying time-series cointegration regressions, the results show that WERE has a positive and significant impact on Malaysian outbound travel demand. Then, we exclude the departures for business purposes from the total departures in order to have a better understanding of the impact of WERE on the consumption of a luxury good like international travel for leisure purposes. Similarly, we find that WERE increases Malaysian international travels for leisure purposes. The findings provide some implications for Malaysian policy-makers as well as tourism and travel agents.


Shortly before he died, the eminent American historian, Professor Arthur Schlesinger, Jr, (1917-2007), reflected on an imperative of the historian: "[C]onceptions of the past are far from stable. They are perennially revised by the urgencies of the present. When new urgencies arise in our own times and lives, the historian"s spotlight shifts, probing now into the shadows, throwing into sharp relief things that were always there but that earlier historians had carelessly excised from the collective memory. New voices ring out of the historical darkness and demand attention...History is never a closed book or a final verdict. It is always in the making". Sudhir Kakar, the internationally-renowned Indian psychoanalyst, explains how this works at the level of the individual, with profound implications for the shaping of identity – a collective but wildly eclectic endeavour of the imagination: "We know that what is psychologically significant is not what has happened to us but what we believe occurred. The fictions we tell ourselves about our past and our lives are indispensable to keep at bay the truth that may shock us out of our ever-precarious sense of well-being and self-worth". Narratives (usually imaginary, didactic tales: proverbs, myths, legends) are at the heart of the shaping of identity. Fact, Fiction and Fantasy are at the core of the identity project.


Although the Ministry of Education and all the universities have relevant regulations on off-campus residence,there are still a group of students who rent off-campus residence and the number is on the rise. Naturally,the safety management for those students is highlighted as the main problems. Depending on the situation of the college students' off-campus residence,the author will analyze the reason and situation of the off-campus residence as well as the unsafe factors in the view of safety management. Then,the authors will put forward the measures of safety management from the aspects such as strictly checking the renting procedure,implementing safety responsibilities,strengthening safety education,completing a safety network of prevention and control by the masses.


This presentation is split into two main parts. In the first, we estimate photo-physical constants of titanium doped sapphire from a simple analytical model using a Huang-Rhys theory for the determination of the spectral profile of simple bands and from a realistic hypothesis of superposition of the latter. We define a formula for the total refractive index of Ti:sapphire as a function of dopant concentration. In a second part, we evaluate, according to the verification of a concept, the laser capability without population inversion for a doped crystal with low symmetry. We support our demonstration by establishing a generalized laser threshold condition. This concept would be a technological breakthrough in the field of large doped crystals and has not yet been investigated by the community.


Disclosed is a reflective anode electrode for an organic EL display, which comprises a novel Al-based alloy reflective film. The reflective anode electrode is capable of assuring low contact resistance and high reflectance even in cases where the Al reflective film is in direct contact with an oxide conductive film such as an ITO or IZO film. In addition, when the Al reflective film is formed into a laminated structure together with the oxide conductive film, the work function of the surface of the upper oxide conductive film is equally high with the work function of a laminated structure that is composed of a general-purpose Ag-based alloy film and an oxide conductive film. Specifically disclosed is a reflective anode electrode for an organic EL display, which is formed on a substrate and characterized by comprising a laminated structure that is composed of an Al-based alloy film containing 0.1-6% by atom of Ag and an oxide conductive film that is formed on the Al-based alloy film so as to be in direct contact with the Al-based alloy film