In this study, we unveil atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the large-scale tropical teleconnections using National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis dataset. Composite analyses have been performed to know the impact of large-scale tropical circulations on the Horn of Africa. The composite analysis performed at the geopotential height of 850 Mb and 200 Mb, and precipitation rate (mm/day) during six strong El Niño and La Niña episodes revealed that the large-scale tropical variability induced climate anomalies in space and time. A substantial decrease in upper-level height (200 Mb) has been observed in the study area during El Niño composite years as compared to the La Niña years. During El Niño conditions, the upper-level divergence initiates low-level vertical motion, thereby enhancing convection, however, during La Niña composite years, nearly contrasting sit-uations are noticed in Belg (February to May) season in Ethiopia. However, geopotential height anomalies at 850 Mb are above-normal during the strong El Niño years, suggesting suppressed convection due to vertical shrinking and enhancement of divergence at the lower level. Compared to the Belg (Febru-ary to May), geopotential anomalies were generally positive during the Kiremt (June to September) season, thereby suppressing the rainfall, particularly in Southern Ethiopia and Northern Part of Kenya. In contrast, an increase in rainfall was observed during the Belg season (February to May).


The first volume of the Complete Ci-Poetry of the Qing Dynasty from Shunzhi to Kangxi,contains only one piece of Lu Shiyi's ci-poetry,the others of which aren't concluded in the Textual Supplements for the Complete Ci-Poetry of the Qing Dynasty from Shunzhi to Kangxi.Zhao Zunyue ever edited Lu Shiyi's ci-poetry,called Fu Ting Ci-Poetry,22 pieces of Lu Shiyi's ci-poetry contained.The essay consists of 21 pieces of his ci-poetry.


According to the survey data of phytoplankton in spring,summer,autumn and winter from 1998 to 1999 in the West Guangdong Waters,the main species composition and the characteristic of the community structure of phytoplankton in the waters was studied based on the method of multivariate analysis such as the principal components analysis and the hierarchical cluster analysis. Altogether 267 species of phytoplankton were identified in the survey,which ascribed to 5 phyla of Bacillariophyta,Pyrrophyta,Cyanophyta,Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta.Bacillariophyta was the most with the species of 182(68.2%),and followed by Pyrrophyta with the species of 75(28.1%). In the principal components analysis,3 principal components were picked up with the accumulated contribution rate up to 100%.The result showed that the species,such as Skeletonema costatum,Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii,Navicula subminuscula,Oscillatoria sp.,Thalassionema nitzschioides,Thalassiosira subtilis,Chaetoceros denticulatus,Lauderia borealis,Biddulphia sinensis,Ceratium fusus,Rhizosolenia alata,Rhizosolenia stolterforthii,Eucampia zoodiacus,Rhizosolenia styliformis and Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus,composed of the principal components of phytoplankton in the waters. Using the hierarchical cluster analysis,the species of phytoplankton in the waters were divided into 2 community groups in 3 seasons of spring,summer and autumn,one was the inshore group and the other was the offshore group.While in winter the differentiation of community group was unobvious. The seasonal successions of the various main species were quite obvious.Skeletonema costatum,Navicula subminuscula,Thalassionema nitzschioides and Thalassiosira subtilis dominated the species in quantity in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively.While the fresh water species,Oscillatoria sp.,was also identified with a large amount in summer.


Today, the Constitution of the Russian Federation provides for the need to protect motherhood and childhood, which guarantees the use of particular forms of reproductive technologies, including surrogacy. However, the concept of non-interference in the sphere of the physical well-being of a woman carrying a child that is genetically alien to her is not regulated in Russian legal acts. The technology of surrogacy in volves the implementation of the impact on the surrogate mother's body, which is associated with the placement of the genetic material of intended parents. Therefore, it is necessary to establish whether the surrogate mother can adjust the health limits of her body by resorting to artificial termination of pregnancy. The reasons that allow a surrogate mother to terminate a pregnancy on her own initiative are revealed. The author investigates the reasons for the artificial termination of pregnancy by a surrogate mother with regard to the interests' evaluation of involved parties. The forms of behavior of intended parents, indicating neglect of the physical condition of the surrogate mother, are established. A period has been specified when the surrogate mother has the right to refuse to participate in this medical technology. The author considers the termination of pregnancy by a surrogate mother as a way of protecting her physical existence. To specify the conditions under which this manipulation is permissible, it is necessary to adjust the contents of the Federal Law "On the basics of public health protection in the Russian Federation".


The cross section for e+ e- --> pi+ pi- psi(2S) between threshold and sqrt[s]=5.5 GeV is measured using 673 fb(-1) of data on and off the Upsilon(4S) resonance collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. Two resonant structures are observed in the pi+ pi- psi(2S) invariant-mass distribution, one at 4361 +/- 9 +/- 9 MeV/c2 with a width of 74 +/- 15 +/- 10 MeV/c2, and another at 4664 +/- 11 +/- 5 MeV/c2 with a width of 48 +/- 15 +/- 3 MeV/c2, if the mass spectrum is parametrized with the coherent sum of two Breit-Wigner functions. These values do not match those of any of the known charmonium states.


The study entitled ―Assessment and induction of variability through in vitro mutagenesis in cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz.)‖ was carried out between 2012 and 2014 in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara. The objective of the study was to assess the genetic variability in the short duration cassava germplasm and induction of variability through in vitro mutagenesis in selected genotypes. Field evaluation, standardization of protocols for in vitro regeneration, in vitro mutagenesis and assessment of variability of in vitro mutated plants were done. Wide genetic variability existed among the collected short duration cassava genotypes. The colour of petiole and root cortex was found to be the most variable qualitative trait for above ground and tuber portions respectively. High magnitude of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation along with high heritability and high genetic gain was observed for branch number, branch height, tuber fresh weight, and Cassava Mosaic Disease. All traits except tuber neck, branch number, scar number and internode length were positively correlated with fresh tuber yield. High direct contribution towards tuber yield was exerted by shoot biomass, tuber dry matter content and harvest index indicating that these are reliable predictor variables for increased yield. Among the biochemical traits, high heritability and high genetic gain was observed for HCN content, amylose content and starch content. Biochemical analysis indicated the occurrence of high starch genotypes (Sree Jaya, CC10 and CC7) suitable for industrial starch production. Vellayani Hraswa with lower starch content was more suited for food or feed purposes, than industrial purposes. The genotype CC10 with easiness in peeling, good taste after cooking and less cooking time scored maximum in organoleptic evaluation. Sree Jaya was sweet on chewing, had highest starch content, lowest HCN content and less fibre content. 212


The rate of nucleophilic substitution at the phosphorus centre of dialkyl methylphosphonates by methoxide and ethoxide has been studied to investigate the possible involvement of hexacoordinated phosphorus species in this reaction. For alkoxide concentrations less than ca. 1.5 M the rate increases with the square of alkoxide concentration. However, consideration of the activity of the alkoxides, represented by an appropriate acidity function, reveals that only one equivalent of alkoxide is involved in the rate-determining step. Thus, there is no requirement to invoke the intermediacy of a hexacoordinated species in the reaction pathway. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The impact and pileup mechanisms of unsteady granular flows impacting a rigid barrier are governed by the Froude conditions (Fr). Velocity and depth vary along the length of the flow. There is curr...


The friction and wear mechanisms of water-based fluids consisting of various types of carboxylic acids have been systematically investigated using a ball-on-disc tribometer on a super duplex stainless steel under boundary lubricating conditions. Under water-based lubrication a decrease in friction was found for each of the tested carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain longer than 12 carbon atoms. However, wear reduction was only seen for the carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain longer than 16 carbon atoms and when the concentration of the shorter carboxylic acids increased above a critical value. In addition, it was found that when the lubricant is contaminated with bivalent metal ions like Ca or Mg, the frictional performance becomes worse however, wear improved. Indeed, by increasing the concentration of bivalent alkaline metal ions, the adsorption ability of carboxylic acids to the steel surface decreased leading to higher friction and the presence of Na ions facilitated the wear improvement. This is explained by the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes between the metal ions dissolved in the lubricant and the carboxylic acid molecules. To compensate for the detrimental effects in friction, a chelating strategy has been implemented and explained in detail.


The dependence of medicines on imports sharply worsens the situation with the supply of medicines to the general population. Currently, many problems arise in order to ensure a systematic reduction in import dependence on medicines and their substances for the treatment and Prevention of diseases in relevant areas in the relevant industries. One of these relevant areas is the prevention and treatment of difficult-totreat diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis and viral. In connection with these circumstances, special attention is paid to the search for new drugs against viruses, tumors and bacteria from natural domestic raw materials. On the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, there is a significant increase in the import of medicinal substances for the production of various types of medicines and BAS. The production of domestic medicines is relevant in our country, replacing such plant raw materials. Aims: to identify and use sesquiterpene lactones from medicinal plant raw materials as a promising medicinal source. Materials and methods: Plant raw materials — Saussurea sordida and Saussurea alpina plants were used as objects. The object of the study was the aboveground part collected in 2022 in the Turkestan region. To obtain the extract, 96% percent ethyl alcohol was infused by maceration for 7 days. To isolate sesquiterpene lactones, the method of maceration of ethyl alcohol with a percentage of 96% from plant raw materials was used. Results and discussion: During the experiments, the presence of unsaturated compounds of sesquiterpene nature was established: alcohols, lactones, azulenes, as well as higher alcohols and diterpene acids in the herbs Saussurea Sordida Kar&Kir and Saussurea Alpina DC.


According to the problems of command and decision-making for setting up airport rapidly,the development status of US Army is analyzed.9 key technologies,such as situation awareness,design of decision-making model,KBS,CBR,task planning,simulation deduction and performance evaluation,comprehensive business information query,action monitoring,the integration of hardware and software systems and their relations are focused on.It is indicated that the tasks process planning is the core mission in the whole procedure of command and decision-making.At last,four major technical application difficulties,such as model design,case reasoning,deduction and evaluation,and 3S technology are analyzed.


Aim: 1) To determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in patients with overlap syndrome (obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) compared with patients suffered from sleep apnea syndrome and erectile dysfunction and 2)To assess the improvement of concurrent erectile dysfunction (ED) in these patients treated with continuous positive airway pressure (cPAP) and bronchodilators
Material and Methods: We evaluated 48 men suffering from OSA, COPD and concurrent ED, and 30 men suffered from OSA and ED. They were treated with conventional therapy for pulmonary obstructive disease (cPAP and bronchodilators) for 6 months and then their erectile function status was reassessed. ED was considered as improved, if ED intensity score increased for at least five points compared to that of baseline.
Results: The prevalence of ED in patients with overlap syndrome was 81,08%. The prevalence of ED in men with OSA was 29,17%. ED was improved in 12 patients (25%), but only two thirds of them were satisfied with the grade of improvement after treatment. ED improvement was related positively with age and apnea/hypopnea index and negatively with ED duration. ED intensity score, O2 saturation at night and BMI were not significantly related to the outcome of EF improvement.
Conclusions: 1) The prevalence of ED in patients with overlap syndrome was higher compared with the prevalence of ED in men with OSA. 2) Conventional treatment for OSA and COPD, has a positive effect on concurrent ED on the minority of patients. The effect is possibly due to the improvement of respiration during sleep with cPAP and of oxygenation with bronchodilators continuously


Prenatal Diagnosis (PND) is one of the most controversial and challenging issues in the modern medicine around the world. Different countries have a various approaches toward this intricate issue. Crosslinking between religion and medicine or health is explicit in this field; so various aspects should be considered in the policy and compliment of the rules for PND. In many cases, the most controversial issue after PND is deciding for therapeutic abortion. In some religions or cultures and countries, this action is completely forbidden; but in the others, parents can choose the pregnancy termination till the delivery or until special time of gestation. Because of the high rate of the consanguineous marriage in Iran (up to 60% in some areas) PND and therapeutic abortion is available and needed to prevent some inherited disorders. In Iran; according to religion and believes, therapeutic abortion is only acceptable under special conditions that could be harmful for mother's health or considered threaten for her life. Also some severe conditions like mental and physical disabilities in fetus could leads to arranged termination of pregnancy. Therapeutic abortion for aforementioned conditions should be done before fetus ensoulment. These conditions should approved by Iran Legal Medicine organization. In this review, we will discuss all related issues. This will help other countries and similar cultures to implement such regulations for these conditions.


The author discusses the controversies that erupted at the University of Minnesota over attempts to change the tenure code. He points out why the problems arose, what took place, the principle actors involved, and the resolution to what was arguably the worst crisis to rock the institution this century. He concludes by offering lessons that were learned about discussions over tenure.


The crystal structure of a triclinic (CT) Mgand Cr-rich clinochlore-I/b-4 from the Day Book Body, North Carolina, was determined by refinement of single-crystal X-ray dala at 550 "C to R : 0.083 and R* : 0.084. Cell parameters were refined aI 25, 100,200, 300, 425,500, and 550'C. The crystal was mounted using a new technique that requires no high-temperature cement. Expansion of metric cell dimensions was linear and generally isotropic [mean thermal expansion coefficients (MTEC) of a : 0.787,, : 0.806, and c : 0.729 x 10-t/"], in contrast to other phyllosilicates, where c expands more than a and b. Comparison with cell parameter data of other Mgand Fe-rich chlorites shows that expansivity in the [001]* direction may depend on Fe content. Interlayer separation shows minimal expansion (MTEC : 0.678), indicating that H bonding and electrostatic attractions between the layers are stronger than previously assumed. The M4 site exhibits large expansion (volumetric MTEC > 16) but contains small trivalent cations (Al3*, C1:*). Because M4 contains trivalent cations, it is the likely site for the oxidation of Fe, but the effect is minimized by site expansion. Ordering trivalent cations into M3 is destabilizing because of M3-M3 and M3-M4 repulsions and other electrostatic repulsions that would lead to the disruption of H bonding, tetrahedral rotation, and lateral expansion of the 2:l layer. Thus, structure constraints prevent oxidation of Fe from occurring in M3, which has implications in understanding chlorite thermodynamics. Recommendations are made for reporting H positions in phyllosilicates determined with X-ray diffraction.


I believe Mr. Stubbs means Swift's own—''would always remain that there was more to these 'dirty' poems than a blend of all their clever echoes.'' For all his dexterity in handling these poems, Mr. Stubbs recognizes that not being shocked remains in part an act of will; and that, tossing aside the cloak of critical diligence, we cannot help wondering nervously about Swift's intentions. The problem is real. At the very end, Mr. Stubbs chooses not to reproduce Swift's Latin epitaph, relying instead on his own prose translation. I think this is a misstep. You do not need much Latin to feel the power and sonority of the original. Yet in sum, this is a substantial, contextually vivid and often moving biography. It reminded me—or maybe it is fairer to say it made me better realize—what brought me to Swift as an undergraduate many years ago. ''Definitive,'' perhaps—at least for now. Yet it also seems unlikely, in the wake of Damrosch, Hammond, and Stubbs, all in the space of three years, that there will be any new biographies of Swift for some while to come. W. B. Carnochan Stanford University


Canine tracheal explants, incubated overnight with [3 H]glucosamine, elicited an enhanced secretion of ethanol‐precipitated [3 H]labelled glycoconjugate when challenged with methacholine, 10 μM. Neither the β‐adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline, 10 μM, nor the phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline, 10 mM, had any significant effect on glycoconjugate secretion. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP, 1 mM, and dibutyryl cyclic GMP, 1 mM, alone or in combination with theophylline, 10 mM, were devoid of activity on unstimulated or methacholine‐stimulated tracheal explants. The calcium ionophore A23187, 10 μM, stimulated [3 H]glycoconjugate secretion from each of the tissues tested; however, the cyclic nucleotides failed to modify this response. These data indicate that the cyclic nucleotides play little, if any, role in mucus glycoconjugate secretion by the canine trachea.


Zircon crystals from mafic intrusive rocks and surrounding gneisses were studied using back-scattered electron and cathodoluminescence imaging and laser ablation ICPMS. The rocks are exposed on the island of Norra Horten northwest of Varberg off the western coast of Sweden. The intrusion is mainly made up of amphibolite and metadiorite. Most zircons in the mafic rocks have prismatic external morphologies, are very large and have broad oscillating growth bands which shows that they are magmatic and crystallized in situ. Pegmatites formed by back-veining of melted granitic host rock contain inherited zircons as well as magmatic zircons crystallized in situ. All rock samples contain magmatic zircons modified by partial resorbtion and/or overgrowths. Some cannot from their external morphologies be distinguished from metamorphic, small, round, transparent zircons formed in amphibolitized rocks. The formation of metamorphic zircon is probably linked to the release of zirconium as pyroxene was replaced by amphibole. Norra Horten is situated in the Mylonite zone, a Sveconorwegian deformation zone and one of the most prominent lithological and metamorphic boundaries in Sweden. The island has previously been interpreted to belong to the Western Segment. Magmatic zircons from the structurally youngest metadiorite yield a crystallization age of 1646 ± 12 Ma. Zircons from a gneiss sample yield a minimum age of 1665 ± 11 Ma. The ages show that the rocks of Norra Horten belong to the Eastern Segment and that the island is a tectonic lens surrounded by rocks deformed during the ca 1.0 Ga Sveconorwegian orogeny.


In this article, the authors aimed to analyze the physiological and biochemical alterations in Melanoxylon brauna seeds subjected to heat stress. For this, seed germination, electric conductivity (EC), the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Seeds were incubated at constant temperatures of 25, 35, and 45 °C. Independent samples were first incubated at 35 and 45 °C and then transferred to 25 °C after the intervals of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. To evaluate EC, seeds were soaked for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, at 25, 35, and 45 °C and then transferred to Erlenmeyer flasks containing 75 mL of deionized water at 25 °C, for 24 h. ROS production and enzyme activity were assessed every 24 h in seeds soaked at the aforementioned temperatures. Germination did not occur at 45 °C. Seeds soaked at 35 °C for 72 h and then transferred to 25 °C showed higher percentages of germination and a higher germination speed. Seed soaking at 45 °C increased peroxide production, which compromised the antioxidant enzyme system due to a reduction in the activity of enzymes APX, POX, and CAT, thus ultimately also compromising the cell membrane system.


Suicide prevention strategies include attempts to control information young people receive about suicide, but digital communication provides young people with alternative forums to engage with this issue. This article explores the constraints and opportunities for youth to talk about suicide in New Zealand. A thematic analysis of data from focus groups with young people suggests they resist what they see as a taboo on talking about suicide, see adults as unwilling to engage in conversations with them about suicide, and are reluctant to seek help for suicide from mental health professionals. They prefer to talk about suicide with peers, although there are challenges with doing this in person. Access to digital communication may provide young people with alternative forums to communicate about suicide which further undermines their willingness to engage with adults on the subject. This has led to a gap in communication between youth and adults on suicide.


Shortly before the 500th centenary of the Ulm city library the public was presented with a new central library in Spring 2004. An extremely controversial discussion on the potential draft preceded this. As a result, the model by Prof. Bohm, which won third place, was selected to be realised. Thus a building was raised ideally-situated in a central position which at first captivates attention with a complete glass shell. This is in the form of a pyramid which is set on the second floor of ever-increasing squares. Part of this shell is constructed as an interactive double facade. The library's utilizable space covers 3.700 square metres. New additions comprise the children's library, a music department and the capacious annex for online workplaces for public use as well as various possibilities for functions and events.


The objective of this article is to identify the strategies used by various countries to improve the use of participatory budgeting in Latin American countries. Based on participation and that these budgets generate greater welfare for citizens. In this way, the most needed works would be prioritized, seeking a more effective, efficient and above all transparent state. The type of research is descriptive and transversal. The approach is qualitative and uses documentary study and in-depth analysis as techniques. The sample used is composed of 30 related scientific articles. The results corroborated that the participatory budget is an important instrument of citizen participation that also generates great expectations among citizens. Likewise, it was identified that despite the predisposition of the political authorities, there are deficiencies in the transparency and efficiency of the administrative management of resources. Many signs of corruption have been demonstrated at different levels of the state, especially when executing the public budget allocated at different levels of government. For these reasons, the participatory budget has undergone changes in order to achieve a more adequate use of resources and execution of expenditures.


Robert G. Potter, Ronald Freedman, Lien-Ping Chow ticipate are still practicing birth control and preventing many births some years after having entered the program; (iv) the women participants are having many fewer children after entry into the program than they had previously, and many fewer than they might be expected to have if their fertility is about average for married women in Taiwan. This article is devoted to a selective documentation of these points.


A normal axis wrench suitable for a small operation space, comprises a wrench head and a wrench bar, wherein the outer end of the wrench head is provided with a general joint mated with a nut and the wrench head is connected with the wrench bar by the normal corner of a space gear mechanism and the space gear mechanism is formed by engaging a driving tapered gear with a driven tapered gear and covered by a corner shell and the driving tapered gear is fixed and connected with the wrench bar and the driven tapered gear is fixed and connected with the wrench head; a shell pressure cover is sleeved in the middle of the wrench head and the in screwed connection with the corner shell and a sleeve is sleeved on the wrench bar and in screwed connection with another part of the corner shell and a connection joint is arranged on the outer end of the wrench bar. The wrench has compact structure and relative long wrench bar and goes deep into very small space in the device; the required operation space of the wrench is very small and it is only necessary to make the wrench head extend into the device without swing space of the wrench bar. The wrench can cooperate with the manual wrench and dynamic wrench of all types and also cooperate with them by a lever.


La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8-xCoxMg0.2O3-δ(x=0,0.05,0.08) were synthesized using conventional solid-state reaction technique.Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction data indicated that they belonged to body-centered orthorhombic system with space group Imma.With the amount of doped cobalt increasing,a,b and c axis decreased linearly.The total electrical conductivities of these compounds were measured by the method of D.C.four probes,and meanwhile electronic conductivities were measured using Hebb-Wagner polarization technique.The ionic electrical conductivity of oxygen and total electrical conductivity increased with the content of doped cobalt increasing.Doping cobalt can decrease the activation energy of conduction,of which values for La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8-xCoxMg0.2O3-δ corresponding to x=0,0.05,0.08 are 0.978,0.739 and 0.489 eV respectively.Whereas the transference number of oxygen ion of La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8-xCoxMg0.2O3-δ declined to 0.8,when amount of doped cobalt inclined up to 0.08.


Neutrino oscillations as suggested by the recent Super-Kamiokande result imply that lepton numbers could be violated, and Z$\to \mu^{\mp} +\tau^{\pm}$ is a typical manifestation. We point out that for this mode, the GIM cancelation is much milder with only a logarithmic behavior $\log (m_3 /m_2)$ where $m_j$ is the neutrino mass. The ratio $\Gamma$(Z $\to \mu^{\mp} + \tau^{\pm})/\Gamma($Z $ \to \mu^{-} + \mu^{+})$ could be about $10^{-5}-10^{-6}$, in sharp contrast with the vanishingly small rate $\tau^{\pm}\to \mu^{\pm} + \gamma$ strongly suppressed by a quadratic power $(m_3^2-m_2^2)/ M_{\rm W}^2$. Being complementary to neutrino oscillation experiments, measurements of Z$\to \mu^{\mp} +\tau^{\pm}$ -- which are at hand with the present colliders -- would give one more constraint to the lepton mixing angle $\sin 2\theta_{jk}$ and the neutrino mass ratio $m_j/m_k$.


Ambient noise caused by room acoustics usually degrades quality and reliability of speech recognition for the service robot application. In this paper, we propose enhancing the robustness of speech recognition for home service robots by combining blind equalization with classification. In particular, the linear predictive code (LPC) is used for feature extraction. The constant modulus algorithm (CMA) is combined with the radial basis function (RBF) neural network to form a robust classifier with automatic equalization capability to reduce the room service effect. Using real speech data collected by WEVER-R2 acoustic robot, it is shown that the proposed method can increase the speech recognition rate from 74.46% to 87.23% for age recognition and from 80.95% to 95.09% for gender recognition.


The objective of this work is to study about the ultrafast cooling of a hot static 6 mm thick steel plate (AISI-1020) by air assisted spray cooling. The study covers the effect of air flow rate and the water impingement density on the cooling rate. The initial temperature of the plate, before the cooling starts, is kept at 900 °C. The spray was produced from a full cone high mass flux and low turn down ratio air atomizer at a fixed nozzle to plate distance. The cooling rate shows that low turn down ratio air atomized spray can generate ultra fast cooling (UFC) rate for a 6 mm thick steel plate. After cooling, the tensile strength and hardness of the cooled steel plate were examined. The surface heat flux and surface temperature calculations have been performed by using INTEMP software. The result of this study could be applied in designing of fast cooling system especially for the run-out table cooling.


American Academy of Orthotists & Prosthetists 41st Academy Annual Meeting & Scientific Symposium February 18 21, 2015 FPTH14 INTRODUCTION Static stability (balance) is the ability to keep the body's center of gravity over the base of support in quiet standing. Following a lower-limb amputation, the loss of sensory input and musculoskeletal output impairs balance. A prosthesis can partially replace the input/output mechanisms, however little literature exists to guide component selection. This study aims to investigate the effects of ankle articulation on balance. Good stability is quantified by small COP variance, large Entropy, and WB% near 50%. The two hypotheses were that: 1) Less articulation will result in improved balance due to better transmission of ground reaction forces and 2) Occluding vision will impair balance for all foot conditions since vision is a major feedback mechanism for stability.


The requisite environmental conditions for liquor storage and the environmental guarantee methods with its simple and practical operation were introduced in this paper. (Tran.by YUE Yang)


SUMMARY A solid electrolyte H2S sensor was fabricated by combining a YzO3-stabilized zirconia tube with a semiconductor electrode layer of W83. This device was found to respond well to 0.3-25 ppm H2S in air at 400 "C, with acceptable response rates. The EMF value of the sensor varied logarithmically with H2S concentration with a slope of -74 mV/decade. It is proposed that the H2S sensing signal is attributed to the mixed potential which is determined kinetically by the anodic and cathodic reactions taking place simultaneously at the zirconiaN03 interface. This mechanism was confirmed from the measurements of polarization curves for the both electrode reactions.


A novel Rh(I)-catalyzed approach to functionalized (E,Z) dienals has been developed via tandem transformation where a stereoselective hydrogen transfer follows a propargyl Claisen rearrangement. Z-Stereochemistry of the first double bond suggests the involvement of a six-membered cyclic intermediate whereas the E-stereochemistry of the second double bond stems from the subsequent protodemetalation step giving an (E,Z)-dienal.


A novel passive integrated optical circuit for mode-multiplexing 6 channels in two-moded fiber has been designed and tested. It can outperform present bulk-optics solutions by its compactness, high coupling efficiency and excellent crosstalk suppression.


Intersubjective management is a new branch of management aiming to help people from life world to solve their problem situations. Problem situation modeling in intersubjective management could play an important role in promoting a new theory. It would help to use modern information and communication tools in order to optimize decision-making processes by the community of actors. The key subjects of intersubjective management are heterogeneous actors who found themselves in problem situations and didn't see the way out. Group behavior of actors looks similar to the team behavior of agents united for collective activities. Therefore, an analogy between the work of the team of agents and actors' community activities was drawn while designing the problem situation model.


Patient: Female, 66-year-old Final Diagnosis: Coronary artery anomalies Symptoms: Chest discomfort • shortness of breath Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Coronary angiography Specialty: Cardiology Objective: Rare disease Background: While most coronary congenital anomalies are uncommon, comprising less than 2% of the general population, a single coronary artery is an especially rare finding within this broader category. It involves a lone vessel forming a single ostium from the aortic trunk. This vessel is then the source through which cardiac blood supply originates. Such congenital coronary artery anomalies are rare but can have clinically relevant consequences such as sudden death and other cardiac complications. Nonetheless, they are usually incidental findings and can be asymptomatic. This report discusses the case of a female patient found to have an absence of the right coronary artery, with the left circumflex supplying the right coronary artery territory. Case Report: We report a rare case of a 66-year-old woman who presented with substernal chest pain and shortness of breath. Vital signs, laboratory work-up, and resting electrocardiogram did not reveal an underlying etiology. However, an exercise stress test was positive. Left heart catheterization was performed and revealed a dominant left circumflex artery supplying the entire right coronary territory. Further imaging revealed the absence of a separate right coronary artery ostium. The patient was treated with a beta-blocker, high-intensity statin, and a nitrate. Conclusions: Single left coronary artery, especially with the absence of the right coronary artery, is particularly rare, but can have significant clinical implications. Prompt diagnosis is important but challenging considering the variable presentation of this condition. It is important to review diagnostic modalities available and the treatment for patients.


The 'Zurich Intensive Programme' is a group therapeutic treatment option for sexual and violent offenders with a high habitual risk disposition deep-seated in the personality. It is conducted in the largest of the Swiss penal institutions and is in this form a unique option in Switzerland for preventing recidivism. The 'Zurich Intensive Programme' is part of the interdisciplinary overall strategy, with maximum focus on the prevention of offences, of Law Enforcement in the Zurich PPD model, which structurally integrates forensic psychiatry and psychotherapy. The fundamental methodical and conceptional aspects of integrative, specifically offence-orientated and group therapeutic treatment approaches of the 'Zurich Intensive Programme' were described in an earlier article. Systematic integration of methods as the basis of the concept and conceptional aspects such as, for example, interdisciplinarity, selective setting variation, offence and resource orientation as well as the orientation of the treatment to a differentiated goal matrix were explained. In this study the 'Zurich Intensive Programme' specific therapeutic concept for the prevention of offences will be presented and explained with examples. Throughout the course of treatment a rigid phase model of the therapeutic process has been rejected in favour of a multi-dimensional viewpoint. The necessity for the interaction of obligatory offence-oriented and complementary personality-focussing treatment elements for the treatment of clients described as having a high to very high structural risk disposition is substantiated and presented. The therapeutic curriculum is flexible with regard to the timing and the type of presentation of the topic contents, without relinquishing clear therapeutic basic conditions. The continuous flexible co-ordination of interventions and short-term therapeutic objectives takes place on the basis of transparent and professional team-work. The treatment concept of the 'Zurich Intensive Programme' integrates five therapeutic focuses, which are continually worked on during the course of the process: 1) Clarification/diagnosis: Starting with a structured initial diagnosis, a prognosis with regular standardised risk assessments is carried out during the process. 2) Group cohesion/relationship pattern: The relationship structure between the individual group participants, the members of the treatment team and the relationship pattern between clients and therapists are continually reconsidered. 3) Offence orientation: The systematically offence-oriented therapeutic work pursues the aims of offence reconstruction, the handling of cognitive distortions, fantasy control, the promotion of empathy, offence coping and creating with the purpose of an individual plan for the prevention of relapse. 4) Controlled testing: Behaviour to prevent offence is practised in a specific way and tested under various intra- and extramural environmental conditions. 5) Aftercare/risk assessment: Structured and demanding aftercare is planned at an early stage and includes regular standardised risk checks. Even if the concept of the 'Zurich Intensive Programme' is oriented towards achieving the highest measure of risk reduction and prepares the ground for long-term risk management processes, relapses of clients who have undergone therapy cannot be completely excluded. However, there neither is a sociopolitical consensus nor is it legally practicable to apply to all clients at high risk of relapse lifelong preventive detention, especially when they are in principle approachable by therapy. For this reason, there is at present no recognisable alternative to professionally developed, intensive offence-preventive options for offenders who are in relevant danger of relapse and requiring treatment.


Abstract The return of several million Afghans, in the years following the complete Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in February 1989, will be one of the largest refugee repatriations in history. Refugees are a unique category of international migrants, protected and assisted by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Afghan refugees, like those in other Third World regions, are caught in a complex and rapidly changing political and military environment. Over five million Afghans live in exile; three million reside in refugee camps in Pakistan near the Afghanistan border where they have formed a "refugee warrior community"fighting to retake control of their country. This paper focuses on four repatriation variables: the number of returning refugees and displaced persons, military and public stability, infrastructural conditions, and agricultural productivity. The discussion is based on incomplete and sometimes confusing data, a common problem in extremely poor and unstable regions. Nonetheles...


Lithium terephthalate (Li2C8H4O4) and its carboxylate-based derivatives have been proposed as advanced organic anodes for low cost lithium/sodium ion batteries. One of the key barriers for practical application is poor rate capability due to the intrinsic low electronic conductivity of most organic materials at room temperature. To overcome this issue, porous microspheres consisting of Li2C8H4O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by a common spray drying method for the first time. Furthermore, a straight-forward surface coating technique was developed using urea powder as nitrogen and carbon sources simultaneously. Consequently, a N-doped carbon layer was uniformly coated onto nanostructured Li2C8H4O4 electroactive material at 400 °C by chemical vapor deposition. The composite electrode displays excellent electrochemical performance under high current rate even at room temperature.


This paper presents the key concepts, system architecture, implementation details, and performance of an accelerometer-equipped bottle for monitoring and tracking liquid intake. The key system component is an elastic band, equipped with sensor and other electronics, which can be attached to a regular water bottle in order to track the bottle's usage movements. The software running on the band captures and detects acceleration signatures that the bottle experiences specifically during drinking events. Detecting such drinking events can lead to higher level monitoring such as tracking the consumed liquid volume. A Bluetooth based wireless link out of the electronic band is used for sending the detected drinking events to a smartphone or to a notebook computer for higher level tracking and data management. Different machine learning methods were adopted and experimented with for both drinking event detection and intake volume estimation. Through experiments on nine healthy subjects, the system is shown to be able to achieve up to 99% accuracy in drinking event detection, and up to 75% accuracy for intake volume estimation.


【Objective】Determination of diaveridine in pig tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) was carried out. The residue depletion of diaveridine in pigs was investigated after oral administration,and its withdrawal time was estimated. 【Method】Under routine breeding conditions,thirty healthy pigs were randomly allocated to six treatment groups. All of the pigs were treated with diaverdine at a dosage of 5 mg·kg- 1twice daily for 7 consecutive days. Five medicated pigs were slaughtered at 6,24,96,168,240 and 336 h after the last oral administration,and the muscle,liver,kidney and fat tissues of each pig were sampled. The concentration of diaveridine was analyzed by HPLC.【Result and conclusion】Diaveridine in pig tissue was eliminated fast. The concentrations of diaveridine in all tested tissues dropped below the limit of quantitation( 40 μg·kg- 1) at 240 h after the last oral administration.The quickest elimination of diaveridine was observed in muscl whereas the slowest in the kidney. Based on MRLs( 50 μg·kg- 1) of diaveridine in poultry tissues,which were regulated by Japan Positive List,the withdrawal time in pigs was analyzed by WT1. 4 software. The results indicate that the withdrawal time of diaveridine should be 8 days in pigs after oral administration.


The Austrian composer Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus is acknowledged as the greatest musical and dramatic genius of all times. He created the most wonderful artistic operas. Die Zauber flute is just one of them. Pamina's aria , Ach, ich fhul's, es ist verschwundun, is famous for its mild and beautiful melody. Through an analysis of Ach, ich fuhl's, es ist verschwundun. this paper attempts to discuss Mozart's style and the artistic glamour of Die Zauberflute.


By disc-agar diffusion method and broth microdilution susceptibility testing,the antimicrobial activity in vitro of the oil was evaluated against 2 fungi and 10 bacteria including 5 clinical isolated strains.The results showed that the oil presented a broad antimicrobial spectrum,and had better antimicrobial activity against microzyme and Gram-positive bacteria,the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) values were 0.02~0.31 g/L and the minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) values was 0.04~1.25 g/L.The essential oil of subterranean part of Artemisia imponens was then analyzed by GC-MS.The results show that twenty-eight identified components in the oil mainly monoterpene and sesquiterpene accounts for 81.41% of tatal,and Vulgarnoe B(26.58%),Cineole(1,8-)(19.89%) and Camphor(7.91%) are the key components.


This paper presents the comparison between different PWM methods of Z source inverter for PMSG based wind energy conversion system to procure an efficient and stable utilization of wind energy. The shoot through duty cycle of z source inverter adjusted to acquire voltage buck and boost for the purpose of Maximum power point tracking. The shoot through pulses is controlled by different PWM methods. In this paper, three PWM control methods: simple boost, maximum boost and maximum constant boost PWM control compared for different wind speed conditions with MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Index Terms–MPPT- Maximum Power Point Tracking, WECS-wind energy conversion systems, ZSI-Z source inverter


then it is known, MacNeish [16] and Mann [17] that there exists a set of at least n(v) mutually orthogonal Latin squares (m.o.l.s.) of order v. It seemed plausible that n(v) is also the maximum possible number of m.o.l.s. of order v. This would have implied the correctness of Euler's [13] conjecture about the nonexistence of two orthogonal Latin squares of order v when v =2 (mod 4), since n(v) -1 in this case. If we denote by N(v) the maximum possible number of mutually orthogonal Latin squares of order v, then Parker [18 ] showed that in certain cases N(v) >n(v) by proving that if there exists a balanced incomplete block (BIB) design with v treatments, X = 1, and block size k which is a prime power then N(v) > k -2. This result cast a doubt on the validity of Euler's conjecture. In this paper we generalize Parker's method of constructing m.o.l.s., by showing that a very general class of designs, which we have called pairwise balanced designs of index unity, can be used for the construction of sets of m.o.l.s. Various applications of this method have been made. In particular we show that Euler's conjecture is false for an infinity of values of v, including all values of the form 36m+22. We also provide a table for all values of v n(v). The smallest number for which we have been able to demonstrate the falsity of Euler's conjecture is 22. Two orthogonal squares of order 22 constructed by our method are given in the Appendix. Several attempts, necessarily erroneous, have been made in the past to prove Euler's conjecture, e.g., Peterson [19], Wernicke [20] and MacNeish [16]. Levi [14, p. 14] points


Velocities of the fragment pairs from thermal-neutron-induced fission of ${\mathrm{U}}^{233}$, ${\mathrm{U}}^{235}$, and ${\mathrm{Pu}}^{239}$ have been measured by a time-of-flight method. The primary masses and energies of the fragments have been determined from the conservation of mass number and momentum. These results are compared with previous fission-fragment-mass and -energy measurements. A decrease of the total kinetic energy near the symmetric mode is observed, which is in agreement with previous double-ionization-chamber measurements. The intrinsic energy spread for mass-97 fragments was found to be 8.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.6% with a 95% confidence interval.


In the article the authors developed a modeling technique to achieve the planned and target values of indicators by monitoring the process of implementation of the "strategy of social and economic development of the Voronezh region", including identifying risks to their achievement by 2018, and 2020. The author's technique re-Управление. flects the modeling of the rate of achievement of target indicators of social and economic development of the region. In each period, this method shows the ratio of planned and actual speeds. The actual speed may not be suffi-cient to achieve the goal that requires new organizational and resource decisions. The actual speed may be higher than projected, which requires examination and evaluation of the grounds for such advance to use it to accelerate social and economic development of the Voronezh region. The modeling technique is one of the key tools to bridge the "strategic gap" between the goals and practice of territorial administration. Its results are claimed in valid correction of values and strategic goals, choice (upgrading) measures to achieve them. The article proposes to monitor planned and actual values of target indicators in several stages, including calculation of the level of achievement of planned values of target indicators in the reporting period; identification of risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2018; identifying risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2020; analysis of internal and external risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2018; analysis of internal and external risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2020. The proposed method will contribute to more accurate analysis of labour productivity in the region.


An investigation has been carried out to assess the implications for broadcast signal distribution of the use of HDB3 as the proposed customer interface code in the Post Office digital communication network. HDB3 is a three-level transmission code with no d.c. component and with a bound on the maximum number of successive equilevel symbols. These two characteristics are important since a.c. coupling may then be employed in the transmission path and virtually continuous timing information can be extracted from the coded signal. The properties of related transmission codes, including the class of alphabetic (or block) codes were also investigated, in view of the likely adoption of one of these (4B 3T) by the Post Office as a line transmission code at the higher bit rates. The effect of transmission-code digit errors on the decoded binary sequence was studied and suitable error correction schemes are outlined. An experimental HDB3 codec was constructed, primarily to demonstrate the feasibility of such transcoding at bit rates up to the order of 120 Mb/s, using commercially available integrated circuits.


Displacement of chloride from CpFe-(CO) 2 CH 2 Cl by HPEt 2 followed by deprotonation yields the new η 1 -phosphinomethyl complex CpFe(CO) 2 (η 1 -CH 2 PEt 2 ). Suprisingly, thermolysis of this complex does not lead either to the CO insertion product acyl or to the cyclic CO loss product CpFe(CO) 1 (η 2 -CH 2 PEt 2 ) (5). Coordination of the phosphorus to the iron atom occurs only upon photolysis to yield the η 2 species 5, which spectroscopic data and molecular weight data confirm is a cyclic monomer


The evaluation of the mutagenic potential of drugs during long-term psychiatric use in schizophrenic patients is of interest considering that the incidence and treatment of this disorder comes in the reproductive age and that there is a close correlation between mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds. We did a case-control study involving 12 patients with schizophrenia diagnosed by DMS III-R, of whom 6 were men and 6 women, with an average age of 33.25 years (s.d. {+-} 7.44) and 12 controls matched for sex and for the same age. This is the first case-controlled study comparing patients under treatment with biperidine, pipotiazine, chlorpromazine, and haloperidol with normal controls in relation to the frequency of chromosomal lesions. 4 refs.


Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX) has been used in clinical practice for over a half-century and its action mechanism is believed to rely on the direct inhibition of DNA synthesis leading to suppression of cell proliferation. However, its anti-inflammatory action mechanism is not fully explained. In some autoimmune or overactive immune-related diseases such as psoriasis, it has been demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17/lL-22 pathway plays a key role in disease pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the suppressive action of MTX on the IL[1]23/1 L-17/1 L-22 pathway in psoriasis. Methods: We made a model of psoriasis on mice using imiquimod (IMQ). The mice were divided into three groups: disease-free control group and disease-induced groups with no treatment and MTX-treatment. Clinical, histological and immunological parameters were evaluated among the groups. Results: Treatment with MTX decreased the psoriatic skin changes and the histological alterations induced by IMQ. MTX exerted its treatment effects via inhibition of the main players in the pathogenetic axis, the IL-23, IL-17A, F and IL-22, that were found to be increased in the diseased mice. Regulatory T cells expressing CTLA4 or GITR or PD1 molecules on their surface were not related to these decrements. Conclusion: The therapeutic action mechanism of MTX is related to the direct inhibition of the IL-23/1 L-17/1 L-22 pathway, but not the induction of inhibitory molecules or expansion of regulatory T cells.


Abstract Background Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a life-threatening condition that often leads to severe disability in relatively young and healthy people. This disability is physical in many aSAH survivors, so muscle dysfunction may be an important factor in the functional level of these patients. Thus, measuring muscle thickness represents a suitable method for determining muscle function in patients with acute aSAH, because the disordered consciousness often experienced during the acute phase causes active movement to be difficult for these patients. Objectives We investigated changes in quadriceps muscle thickness in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage to determine whether muscle dysfunction during the acute phase relates to (or predicts) the outcome of aSAH. Methods Seventeen patients with aSAH (mean age = 66 ± 11, men/women = 4/13) were enrolled, and their quadriceps muscle thickness measured ultrasonographically upon admission and again 2 weeks later. Results Quadriceps muscle thickness significantly decreased from admission (mean = 3.00 ± 0.72 cm) to the second measurement (2.67 ± 0.74 cm, p = 0.001). The relative differences in quadriceps muscle thickness were correlated with the Hunt and Hess grade (r = −0.72, p = 0.001) and the modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days (r = −0.78, p = 0.0002). Conclusions Our results indicate that quadriceps muscle thickness decreases in patients with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, particularly in patients with poor Hunt and Hess grade or marked disability.


Aiming at the disadvantage of the existed algorithm, an efficient remachining tool path generation method for pocket with island is proposed in this paper. Firstly the pocket and island boundary curve recognition method is described in detail, and then the machinable and remachining region recognition method is presented. Moreover the tool path generation method is introduced. Finally the validity of present method is demonstrated by an example. The results indicate that the present method can improve greatly machining efficiency.


Aimed at solving welding seam tracking in al-alloy auto welding a vision tracking method and welding image process were designed;a welding tracking and control platform on mobile wheel was built and a suitable tracking control policy and software platform was developed;Furthermore,a method of generating machine order was designed.Al-alloy butter plate welding experiment proved that the welding torch could track the seam tracking well and could reach the expected place and posture precisely,providing bases for future welding and controlling of wheel.


The ethnobotanic research of medicinal plants of Lauje ethnic communities in Tomini village Parigi Moutong Central Sulawesi has been conducted since March to December 2011. The research purposes were to determine the plantsspecies used and how the utilization of them by Lauje communities in rural districts Tomini Tomini Parigi Moutong as traditional medicine. The research method was a survey through exploration in the field. The results of the study indicated that there were 32 species of plants are used as medicine traditionally by Lauje ethnic such as Psidium guajava L is used as diarrhea, Lannea coromandelica is applied to cure tuberculosis, Moringa oleifera L as fever drug, Ricinus communis L.to cure cough and Piper betle L as antifungi. Keywords: Ethnobotany. Medicinal plants, ethnic Lauje.


Summary A total of 111 major element analyses have been made of impure calcareous rocks from the Late Precambrian Moinian sequence in NW Scotland. Samples were collected along a 36 km traverse from three stratigraphic horizons which are repeated by folding and vary in metamorphic grade from lower to upper amphibolite facies. Anorthite content of the plagioclase, which increases progressively from albite to anorthite, was assessed by X-ray diffraction measurement of 2θ (131–11); this value is used as a 'metamorphic index' for rocks with a CaO/Al2O3 (wt. %) ration of 0.3–0.7 and Na2O/Al2O3, < 0.35. Na2O/Al2O3 and K2O/Al2O3 ratios plotted against this index, together with the spatial relationship between metamorphic/chemical isograds and stratigraphic boundaries show that both Na (0.24–4.82% Na2O) and K (0.01–3.28% K2O) are lost from the calc-silicate rocks during prograde metamorphism. These chemical changes result in a variation of the stable mineralogy with increasing metamorphic grade and take place through the medium of the intergranular fluid.


China is in the midst of readiness for the jump of the IT industry. It is generally esteemed in business circles that China will step up to the level which can be called the strong country of IT in the aspect of quality as well as the expansion of quantity China has put in operation the supporting policies of IT industry altogether through 'The 10th 5-year plan' which has begun since 2001 keeping pace with it, we are going to find out the desirable directions which we head for by looking into the present situation and policies for the development of Jung-kyung, where 'The master plan of the western development' is now Per-forming to balance the big economic disparity in the eastern and western areas.


529 Background: Among patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative tumors were shown to have worse prognosis than PR-positive tumors. However, PR-negative tumors were underrepresented in trials such as TAILORx and RxPONDER, and the role of PR status in the setting of 21-gene recurrence score (RS) remains unclear. We performed an observational cohort study to evaluate the association of PR status with RS and the magnitude of chemotherapy benefits on survival. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for women diagnosed between 2010 and 2017 with ER-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, pT1-3N0-1a breast cancer who underwent surgery and endocrine therapy. Logistic and Cox multivariable analyses (MVA) were used to identify variables associated with high RS (> 25) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Interaction test was performed among PR status, chemotherapy, and nodal staging. Propensity score matching was performed to reduce selection bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed after excluding those with postdiagnosis survival of less than 6 months to reduce immortal time bias. Results: A total of 143,828 patients met our criteria (n = 110,421 for PR-positive/pN0, n = 11,897 for PR-negative/pN0, n = 19,928 for PR-positive/pN1a, n = 1,582 for PR-negative/pN1a). Median follow up was 51.5 months (interquartile range 34.8-71.9). On logistic MVA, PR-negative tumors were more likely to have high RS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.40-6.97, p < 0.001). On Cox MVA, PR-negative tumors were associated with worse OS (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] 1.20, 95% CI 1.10-1.31, p < 0.001). Interaction among PR status, chemotherapy, and nodal staging was statistically significant (interaction p = 0.049). On subgroup analyses, the magnitude of chemotherapy benefit for OS was comparable among pN0 tumors (PR-positive: aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.66-0.82; PR-negative: aHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.51-0.77) and was greater for PR-negative status among pN1a tumors (PR-positive: aHR 0.57, 95% CI 0.47-0.67; PR-negative: aHR 0.31, 95% CI 0.20-0.47). Similar findings were noted in 9,979, 1,822, 4,196, and 354 matched pairs for PR-positive/pN0 (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.37-0.50), PR-negative/pN0 (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.41-0.69), PR-positive/pN1a (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.45-0.67), and PR-negative/pN1a (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.14-0.45) tumors, respectively. On sensitivity analysis, our findings were consistent in Cox MVA using interaction and subgroup analyses. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest study using a nationwide oncology database suggesting that PR-negative status is an independent, adverse prognostic factor for survival associated with high RS, with greater chemotherapy benefits compared to PR-positive status among pN1a tumors even after adjusting for RS.


Action of finite-dimensional Hopf algebra $H$ on commutative $k-$algebra $A$ is considered. As a generalization of the well-known fact for finite groups S. Montgomery raised a problem in 1993 whether $A$ is integral over subalgebra of invariants $A^H$. Recently some new results were obtained. Using the properties of coradical filtration of pointed Hopf algebras we verified the truth of the hypothesis in tree different cases: 1) Hopf algebra $H$ is commutative; 2) char $k = p > 0$; 3) $A$ is integral domain. In spite of numerous partial positive results it turned out that hypothesis of S. Montgomery isn't true in general. The counteraxamples were built for series of pointed Hopf algebras $A_N, N \ge 2$.


Diploma thesis is focused on strategic development of company XY, spol. s. r. o. In theoretical part of the thesis are processed knowledge from foreign and domestic authors from the area of strategic development and also area of managing projects. The second part of the work is focused on introduction of the company XY, spol. s. r. o. In this part are also completed strategic analyses. The last part is oriented on area of human resources, as the one of areas of strategic development of company. In the conclusion are described benefits of the implementation of the project.


The global pandemic COVID-19 provoked a sharp increase in the remote labor of workers, which required the establishment of special rules for recording working hours in order to protect physical and mental health, and a revision of existing legislative approaches to accounting for hours worked, outside the inpatient workplace. Having studied the international legal regulation of this issue, as well as the experience of European countries and Russian legislation, the author proposes to adjust approaches to accounting for working time in remote (remote) labor conditions, fixing in it provisions aimed at protecting the rest time and health of citizens.

English version of this article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/issues-of-international-legal-and-national-regulation-of-labour-time-in-the-conditions-of-the-covid-19-pandemic/63650.html


Metallogenesis of continents is an important research frontier in the present regional metallogeny, and its theoretic framework might be built up by deepening the understanding of metallogenesis in the collisional orogenic belt. However, metallogenesis in the collisional orogenic belt is rather poorly understood in comparison with metallogenesis in the plate tectonic setting. The Himalayan_Tibetan orogenic belt, which is characterized by the existence of large_scale, intense and young mineralizations as well as various kinds of large_size and weakly reformed deposits, is regarded as an ideal field for understanding the ore_forming processes in the collisional orogenic belt. Based on three years' systematical work on metallogeny in the Tibetan collisional orogenic belt, the authors have summarized the main ore_forming events and their temporal_spatial distribution, analyzed four important metallogenic belts and representative deposits as well as their plutonic processes and tectonic control factors and, on such a basis, set up a metallogenic model in the main collisional orogenic setting. The main collisional event lasted about 25 Ma (from 65 Ma to 41 Ma), resulting in the formation of the principal part of the Tibetan plateau orogenic belt characterized by the South Tibet foreland thrust belt, the Gangdese main collisional tectonic_magmatic belt, and the North Tibet fold_thrust belt. In company with the collisional orogenic event, many important magmatic events were developed, as evidenced by the existence of ① the crust_derived muscovite granite_potassic calc_alkaline granite assemblage (66~50 Ma), ② the positive e_ Nd granite_gabbro assemblage (52~47 Ma), and ③ the mantle_derived basaltic subvolcanics_diabase assemblage, as well as widespread and thick Linzizong volcanics (64~43 Ma). The development of above magmatic activities suggests that the deep part of Tibetan plateau experienced in turn continental collision (65~52 Ma), breakoff of continental plate (52~42 Ma) and low angle underthrust of continental plate (40 Ma). At least four important ore_forming events occurred during the main collisional orogenic epoch, which included ① the Sn and rare metal event related to crust_derived granite, forming the Tengchong Sn and rare metal ore concentration area in east Tibetan plateau, ② the copper_gold_molybdenum event related to crust/mantle-derived granite, forming a Cu-Au ore belt 100 km long in south Gangdese, ③ the shear zone gold event related to collisional orogeny, forming the potential Au belt along the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone, and ④ the copper-gold event related to crust uplift, forming porphyry/epithermal transitional type Cu-Au deposits represented by the Xiongcun Cu-Au deposit.


On 2019 January 26 at 03:16 UT, MAXI/GSC detected the new X-ray transient MAXI J1348-630 (ATel #12425), which was then quickly also observed by Swift/BAT (GCN #23795, #23796, #23797, #23801), INTEGRAL (GCN #23799, ATel #12441), iTelescope.Net T31 (ATel #12430), and the 1-m LCO telescope at Cerro Tololo (ATel #12439).


A study investigated th3 relationship between television program type preference and program choice in a multichannel situation. Program type categories were constructed which tapped in the program type distinction mentally represented in viewers' minds and a more elaborate measure of program choice options was developed. A total of 442 undergraduate students in telecommunication and journalism at a large midwestern university completed a questionnaire. Programming awareness, group viewing compromise, and strength of preference were included as three major moderating variables. A multiple regression test result supported the major prediction: that viewers tend to achieve more preference gratification in multichannel situations, even though the effects of three moderating variables turned out to be insignificant. Further rel.:larch should replicate the study with a more generalized population (university students are not representative of the population at large). (Thirteen tables of data are included. Contains 32 references.) (Author/RS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** BEA Research Division 1st Place Debut Paper Program Type Preference and Program Choice in Multi-Channel Situation "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY ) 9C TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Sug-Min Youn Ph.D Candidate Mass Media Ph.D Program College of Communication Arts Lnd Sciences Michigan State University E. Lansing MI. 48824 Tel: Office (517) 355-3490 Home (517) 355-1217 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educavonal Refrearch and improvement EDU ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Th,s document has been reproduced as rece.ved from the person or organrtation ong.nahng r Mmor changes have been made to improve reproduchun quality Roads of new or Opinions staled in thrsdocu. ment do not necessarily represent offical OE RI posd.on or poky Running Head: Program Preference


Mutual funds are mandated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to disclose information on their investment objectives and risks. In this paper, we study the informational value of U.S. mutual funds' qualitative disclosures by analyzing the content of funds' prospectuses. First, we find that funds disclosed risks increase with their exposed risk. They inform, in particular, extensively about their idiosyncratic risks and less about their systematic risks. Second, using methods from textual analysis, we document that around one-third of the variation in the content of funds' risk disclosures is fund-specific, while a substantial part of a fund's risk disclosures is determined at the fund group level. Our findings suggest that the relative informativeness in funds' prospectuses has been, on average, decreasing over time. Third, we show that regular content-based updates of the disclosed risks provide relevant information in predicting future fund performance. Investors, however, do not react to this new information but rather to the content's informativeness. Finally, using an event study framework relying on matching techniques, we document that investors also do not respond to the provision of additional simplified disclosure.


JMJD3, a JmjC family histone demethylase, can be induced by the transcription factor NF‐kB in response to various stimuli. JMJD3 is crucial for erasing H3K27me3, a histone modification associated with transcriptional repression, and is responsible for the activation of a diverse set of genes. The objectives of this study were to identify the genes in THP‐1 human monocytic cells that are significantly affected by the knockdown of JMJD3, particularly in expression levels and in downstream effects on signaling pathways. THP‐1 cells were subjected to lentiviral JMJD3 shRNA transduction followed by analysis of gene expression by qRT‐PCR. Global gene expression levels were detected in JMJD3 knockdown (kd) THP‐1 human monocytic cells and in TNF‐stimulated JMJD3‐kd THP‐1 cells using a 44‐k human whole genome array. Finally, datasets were analyzed using Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software. IPA analysis reveals that JMJD3 attenuation down‐regulates various key genes in NF‐kB, chemokine and CD40 signaling and mostly affects inflammatory disease response molecules. Moreover, this study significantly highlights the connection of NF‐kB with JMJD3, which suggests an epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory genes.


The effluents generated in the paper industry, such as black liquor, have a high content of lignin and other toxic components; however, they represent a source of lignin-degrading bacteria with biotechnological potential. Therefore, the present study aimed to isolate and identify lignin-degrading bacteria species in paper mill sludge. A primary isolation was carried out from samples of sludge present in environments around a paper company located in the province of Ascope (Peru). Bacteria selection was made by the degradation of Lignin Kraft as the only carbon source in a solid medium. Finally, the laccase activity (Um-L−1) of each selected bacteria was determined by oxidation of 2,2′-azinobis-(3-etilbencenotiazolina-6-sulfonate) (ABTS). Bacterial species with laccase activity were identified by molecular biology techniques. Seven species of bacteria with laccase activity and the ability to degrade lignin were identified. The bacteria Agrobacterium tumefasciens (2), Klebsiella grimontii (1), and Beijeinckia fluminensis (1) were reported for first time. K. grimowntii and B. fluminensis presented the highest laccase activity, with values of 0.319 ± 0.005 UmL−1 and 0.329 ± 0.004 UmL−1, respectively. In conclusion, paper mill sludge may represent a source of lignin-degrading bacteria with laccase activity, and they could have potential biotechnological applications.


Literature acknowledges modular architectures to give rise to a series of positive effects, and advantages given by considering modularity early in the design process have also been inferred. However, current modularization methods operate only after, at least, a preliminary conceptual design process. But, although informally, modularity needs may arise also in such an early design phase. The aim of the present paper is to perform some preliminary investigations about a research approach aimed at analysing the occurrences of modularity issues during the concept design phase of a new product.


The objective of the Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) study was to investigate innovative natural gas fired cycle developments to determine the feasibility of achieving 60% (LHV) efficiency within a 10-year time frame. The potential ATS was to be environmentally superior, cost competitive and adaptable to coal-derived fuels. The National Energy Strategy (NES) calls for a balanced program of greater energy efficiency, use of alternative fuels, and the environmentally responsible development of all US energy resources> Consistent with the NES, a Department of Energy (DOE) program has been created to develop Advanced Turbine Systems. The objective of this 10-year program is to develop natural gas fired base load power plants that will have cycle efficiencies greater than 60% (LHV), be environmentally superior to current technology, and also be cost competitive.


The filarial parasite Dipetalonema witei is found naturally infecting the Libyan jird Meriones libycus; the adult worms live in the subcutaneous tissues and external miuscle layers; the microfilariae circulate in the blood and are transiiuitted by the argasid tick Ortnithodors.s t(arta'.ovskyi. The parasite is easily maintained in the laboratory, (Baltazard et al (1953); WortIms, Terry and Terry (1961)) and provides suitable material for morphological studies. This paper describes the reproductive system, gametogenesis, anid developmlent of the microfilariae.


We consider rationally connected complex projective manifolds M and show that their loop spaces--infinite dimensional complex manifolds--have properties similar to those of M. Furthermore, we give a finite dimensional application concerning holomorphic vector bundles over rationally connected complex projective manifolds.


Steppe communities of Priishimye differ a specific variety. The plants and a large number of types forest and meadow разнотравья contain in the structure typical steppe. As a result of it steppe vegetable communities of Priishimye treat special type of steppes.


A polymer in a confined geometry may be modeled by a self-avoiding walk or a self-avoiding polygon confined between two parallel walls. In two dimensions, this model involves self-avoiding walks or self-avoiding polygons in the square lattice between two parallel confining lines. Interactions of the polymer with the confining walls are introduced by energy terms associated with edges in the walk or polygon which are at or near the confining lines. We use transfer-matrix methods to investigate the forces between the walk or polygon and the confining lines, as well as to investigate the effects of the confining slit's width and of the energy terms on the thermodynamic properties of the walks or polygons in several models. The phase diagram found for the self-avoiding walk models is qualitatively similar to the phase diagram of a directed walk model confined between two parallel lines, as was previously conjectured. However, the phase diagram of one of our polygon models is found to be significantly different and we present numerical data to support this. For that particular model we prove that, for any finite values of the energy terms, there are an infinite number of slit widths where a polygon will induce a steric repulsion between the confining lines.


before us; and though it is open to question as to whether we shall fully accept the views set forth in certain parts, notably, those on ozsena and polypi, yet, as the translator justly says in his preface, they will afford food, and we may add useful food, for reflection. And it is more than possible that the tendency to reject the theory of Woakes, which has obtained especially in this country, has been too sweeping, and that had it not been for what might be termed the unfortunate nomenclature and loose generalizations adopted by that observer, a considerable part of his teaching would have been before now accepted. As the author says, " In the same way Woakes's statement that he has seldom seen a normal middle turbinal can only be characterized as an incomprehensible exaggeration." To Zuckerkandl, on the same subject of polypi, he is hardly less severe, terming his statement that he had never seen caries or necrosis of the ethmoid associated with polypi, except in tubercular or syphilitic cases, a " regrettable lapsus memorice." I believe that Greville MacDonald suggested that polypi were inflammatory in origin, and this is the view supported by Griinwald. Here some, or even many, will join issue with him, but, as one has remarked, it is a book which calls into play other faculties besides that of assimilation. It will also be pleasing to others to find that the irrigation of the antrum of Highmore through the natural opening, spoken of by some foreign writers as an easy performance, neither obtains Griinwald's approval as a therapeutic measure, nor does he endorse the reputed facility with which it is said to be performed, and so one has a feeling akin to gratitude stirred up whilst reading this part of the book. Of particular interest is the operative treatment of frontal sinus suppurations, the open method now coming into vogue in this country being the outcome of Griinwald's work, and the child of his genius and experience. All earnest workers in our speciality will find in this translation a necessity, for they cannot in any other work find the same careful, conscientious and able exposition of the subject. B. Lake.


The research on people–place relations makes an important contribution to the understanding of the public responses to renewable energy technologies (RETs). Social media not only provides easy access to the sentiments and attitudes of online users towards RETs, but social media content can also shape the discourse, both on- and offline, about RETs. Hence, social media content analysis provides valuable insights into the public responses to RETs. However, as of now, only a small number of studies have investigated people–place relations in the context of the energy transition via online content. To address this lack of knowledge, this study aims to increase the understanding of people–place relations by investigating the relationship between the place scales mentioined in Instagram posts (categorized from local to planet) and the sentiments that are expressed in said posts, depending on different energy infrastructures (solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, powerlines, and renewable energy in general). Our analysis of 1500 Instagram posts shows that the place scales that are mentioned in the Instagram posts are related to some differences in the post emotionality, and that these effects differ across the different hashtags that are related to RETs. By using a sociocognitive approach, this study is the first to investigate Instagram posts in the context of the energy transition and people–place relationships.


19503 Background: Soft tissue sarcomas are aggressive tumors that often show poor response to conventional chemotherapy agents. Some of these tumors over express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is thought to promote tumor growth. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody to EGFR, is FDA approved for use in colon cancer. We report a case here of use in a patient with an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma.

CASE REPORT
A 32 yr male presented in April 2005 for routine follow up three months after completing adjuvant radiotherapy for retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. At this time the patient was found to have recurrence of disease on routine surveillance scans. During workup of the recurrent masses, he developed acute bowel obstruction and went emergently to the OR. Multiple masses were removed and he was rendered grossly disease free. Adjuvant adriamycin and ifosfamide were planned; however, bulky masses were again noted on a pre-chemo staging study. After a single cycle of chemotherapy, he presented with abdominal pain, and an urgent CT scan ordered showed progressive disease. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated strong expression of EGFR on his tumor. Cetuximab was added to his chemotherapy regimen. Repeat studies showed dramatic (>30%) decrease in his tumor burden after only two doses. As cycle three began, the patient developed acute abdominal pain and fever; emergent scans showed free air within the abdomen. The majority of his tumor burden had continued to decrease. The perforation could not be surgically managed and the patient was discharged to hospice. He expired ten days after discovery of the perforation.

CONCLUSIONS
Addition of cetuximab to therapy for an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma which overexpressed EGFR resulted in dramatic decrease in tumor burden. Unfortunately, the patient suffered perforation of abdominal viscera and subsequently expired. Rapid tumor shrinkage likely contributed to the perforation. Use of cetuximab in patients with aggressive tumors expressing EGFR should be explored in the setting of clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Abstract:  Previous studies have shown that pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interleukin (IL)‐1β up‐regulate type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) expression in cultured dermal fibroblasts. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of TNF‐α and IL‐1β on COL7A1 expression in epidermal keratinocytes. We demonstrated that both TNF‐α and IL‐1β reduced COL7A1 expression in epidermal keratinocytes in an additive manner, whereas they increased COL7A1 expression in dermal fibroblasts. Thus, regulation of COL7A1 by pro‐inflammatory cytokines is cell type specific. In particular, the inhibitory effects of TNF‐α and IL‐1β occurred, at least in part, at the transcriptional level. Finally, we demonstrated that TNF‐α and IL‐1β enhanced the TGF‐β‐mediated up‐regulation of COL7A1 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes, suggesting that the combination of TGF‐β and TNF‐α or IL‐1β induces a signaling pathway that is completely different from that induced by either pro‐inflammatory cytokine alone.


The purpose of this research is to aware how to preschool children using gadget, and knows how to parents stimulated preschool children literation ability to use gadget, also for knowing obstuction factor and supported gadget utilizing in addition to stimulated literation ability for preschool children. The methode in this research is Phenomenology Qualitative that the data is collected through interview, observation, and documentation to 5 subjects who is moms that have preschool children about 3-6 years old, and let they children have gadget in criteria. The result showing that preschool children using gadget for playing games about 1-2 hours with parental guidance. Moms stimulated childrens literation ability by giving an education applications like Marbel Belajar Huruf, Marbel Belajar Huruh Hijaiyah, and Marbel Belajar Warna also short Qur'ans pharagraph. Supporting factor of stimulated literation ability is childrens can memorize alphabets and numbers more easily, also make them excited because of interesting pictures like a cartoon animation and music, and make them not feeling boring easily. While the obstruct factor, is the light from LCD can causing eyes damage, and forming children more like individulistic personality, also make them unwilling to do other activities.
Keyword : stimulate literation, gadget, preschool children


Several categories of discourse moves and sequences have been studied in formal models of disputes. However, most of these models make two simplifications that neglect important factors in argumentation: (1) raising an argument is typically done by introducing one or several new facts in the dispute, assuming that the associated warrant is self-evident, and (2) variants of arguments addressing the same issue are rarely assessed in terms of their benefits and drawbacks. In this paper, we illustrate these two points by studying the role of alternative arguments in explaining the solution to a rather simple, but not so easily understandable problem. Arguments may differ in terms of the effort needed to communicate them, the confidence they achieve, and requirements on knowledge of the audience, which makes their relative benefit taskand context-dependent.1


Prior to 1980, statutory interpretation seemed to be a moribund academic field. The dominant academic approach was established by the Hart & Sacks Legal Process materials,' which reconciled the traditional creative power of common law courts with the policy of deference to legislation. The Legal Process '^solution'* was to presume that statutes were texts with a purpose, that the purpose was what reasonable people would pursue, and that courts, sharing in that reasonable vision, could apply that purpose to resolve uncertainties within statutory gaps. Statutes therefore set the framework within which courts engaged in reasoned elaboration of legislative purpose. This system preserved both legislative supremacy and judicial creativity. Wide acceptance of the Legal Process solution appeared to end academic debate about statutory interpretation. Except for Reed Dickerson's efforts to keep the subject alive,^ the literature was sparse. That changed in the last decade, and statutory interpretation became a subject of intense academic interest. In retrospect, it appears that the Legal Process solution matured around the time when new legislative tensions were beginning to render its vision of the legislative process obsolete. The romanticized idea of a reasonable legislature whose purpose(s) the court discerns now seems almost quaint after the recent political turmoil over civil rights, income redistribution, budgets, and deregulation. By the 1980s, the literature on statutory interpretation began to catch up with the reality of the legislative process and to put forth new visions of the judicial role.^ Two modern academic movements undermined the Legal Process perspective. The Law and Economics perspective described the legislative process as anything but reasonable and purposive. Instead, it depicted the legislative process as one of bargaining by private interests producing


The experiences of a graduate student in Community Nursing in establishing the role of nurse health educator in a private Ob/Gyn medical office are outlined. The author discusses the objectives, problems, and human interactions with which she worked and presents two brief case studies to illustrate the different manners in which two primiparas experienced the transition to parenthood. Included also is a review of the literature on this role, crises of parenthood, and role transition. Conclusions suggest that the nurse educator in an obstetrical/gynecological practice can teach infant and self care to new mothers, as well us act as a caring person throughout the four trimesters of the childbearing experience and as facilitator for patients in the office, hospital, and home environments.


Human maximal aerobic performance appears to be limited mainly by circulatory factors (24) as opposed to breathing mechanics and gas exchange (8) and/or to the muscle oxidative capacity. The latter, particularly, does not seem to be the primary factor limiting maximal aerobic power (V02 max) as indicated by experimental evidence showing increased V02 max with increased 02 transport (21, 13) and an excess of oxidative capacity in the muscle particularly after training (17). However, it is rather hard experimentally to distinguish between a possible peripheral average muscle blood flow, j) or central (cardiac output, co) inadequacy in providing the oxygen supply required by the contracting muscles, due to technical difficulties in assessing both 4 and co at exercise.


Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is beneficial for inhibiting dyslipidemia and reducing hyperlipidemic risk. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the glycolipid regulatory effects and potential mechanisms of EGCG in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse model. The results demonstrated that EGCG can decrease blood glucose levels and increase insulin resistance in T2DM mice. In addition, EGCG can regulate serum lipid levels, including those of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-r), and reduce lipid deposition in vascular endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the gene and protein expression of related scavenger receptors, including cluster of differentiation 36, sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP), SREBP cleavage-activating protein and LDL-r, were downregulated in a dose-dependent manner. The present study noted that EGCG possesses potential as a natural product for preventing and treating metabolic hyperlipidemia syndrome, probably by reducing the blood lipid levels, alleviating vascular endothelial cell damage, maintaining normal lipid metabolism in blood vessels and ameliorating glycolipid disorders.


Dissolved oxygen content is a key indicator of water quality in aquaculture environment. Because of its nonlinearity, dynamics, and complexity, which makes traditional methods face challenges in the accuracy and speed of dissolved oxygen content prediction. As a solution to these issues, this study introduces a hybrid model consisting of the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) and the Bidirectional Simple Recurrent Unit (BiSRU). Firstly, Linear interpolation and smoothing were used to identify significant parameters. LightGBM algorithm then determines the significance of dissolved oxygen by eliminating irrelevant variables and predicting dissolved oxygen in intensive aquaculture. Finally, the attention method was implemented to map the weighting and learning parameter matrices, so enabling the BiSRU's hidden states to be assigned different weights. The findings shown that the presented prediction model can accurately anticipate the fluctuating trend of dissolved oxygen over a 10-day period in just 122 seconds, and the accuracy rate reached 96.28%. Comparing the model effects of LightGBM-BiSRU, LightGBM - GRU, LightGBM-LSTM, and BiSRU - Attention takes the least time. Its higher prediction accuracy can provide an essential reference for intensive aquaculture water quality regulation.


Residential broadband networks (RBN) are quickly evolving from xDSL/Cable networks to FTTH services with lOOMbps bandwidth. With the high-speed Internet services, subscribers tend to use web, multimedia, game or file sharing applications. Therefore, performance of RBN is important to the quality of services for users. Typically, Internet service providers (ISPs) are providing their RBN performance results that are measured by subscribers with the dedicated measurement tools. However, they do not make their results public to people. In order to obtain the performance results measured by users, we have to induce a lot of subscribers, which will take a lot of cost and time. Monarch, that is used in this paper, could provide the 3rd party measurement method without the help of ISPs and subscribers. With the extensive experiments through Monarch, we have shown that 3rd party measurement results are not much different from those of user-initiated measurement. In addition, we have observed that bandwidth is around and RTT is less than 30ms in FTTH services provided by three major Korean ISPs.


[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Independence is a critical concern for CPAs and is the very foundation of attest services. Independence is a state of mind that permits CPAs to perform without being affected by influences that compromise professional judgment, allowing them to act with integrity and exercise objectivity and professional skepticism. The trust the public places in CPAs makes it important for them to avoid circumstances that could create a conclusion that their objectivity or professional skepticism has been compromised in the work they perform. This essential virtue of independence is preserved for CPAs by requirements that differ, depending on the type of client and engagement. The AICPA Code of Professional Conduct (AICPA Code) includes rules on independence and ethics for "members" (CPAs and firms). The Nonattest Services subtopic (ET [section] 1.295) of the Independence topic addresses the provision of nonattest services to attest clients. Attest engagements include any engagement that requires independence, such as audits and reviews (see the sidebar, "Examples of Nonattest Services"). NONATTEST SERVICES When a member provides nonattest services for an attest client, threats to independence may exist. Whether the services can be provided depends on the nature of the services and whether the client is willing and able to meet certain responsibilities. In many cases, safeguards may be put in place so that threats are at an acceptable level and independence would not be impaired. The "General Requirements for Performing Nonattest Standards" interpretation (ET [section] 1.295.040) requires the attest client to agree to all of the following safeguards: * Assuming all management responsibilities. * Overseeing the service performed by designating an individual with suitable skills, knowledge, and/or experience (SKE). * Evaluating the adequacy and results of the services performed. * Accepting responsibility for results of the services. The CPA cannot assume management's responsibilities and must be satisfied that the attest client and its management will meet their responsibilities in this area. Another threat to independence is the self-review threat. The AICPA Code defines this as, "the threat that a member will not appropriately evaluate the results of a previous judgment made, or service performed or supervised by the member or an individual in the member's firm and that the member will rely on that service in forming a judgment as part of an attest engagement" (paragraph .17 of ET [section] 1.210.010). The AICPA Code provides examples of various safeguards that can be implemented by member firms, such as the use of different partners and engagement teams that have separate reporting lines in the delivery of permitted nonattest services to an attest client. Before performing nonattest services, the member is required to establish and document in writing his or her understanding with the client regarding: * The objectives of the engagement. * The services to be performed. * The attest client's acceptance of its responsibilities. * The member's responsibilities. * Any limitations of the engagement. The member may determine the form that this documentation takes. The Code does not stipulate where to document but indicates that the form is not as important as the content and the timing. For example, this understanding with the client may be documented in engagement letters or in the engagement workpapers. CLIENT EVALUATION ANO DOCUMENTATION The approach to monitoring independence will likely be different based on the size of the accounting firm. But common to all is having processes to evaluate services before they are provided, to discuss independence within their firms, and to document the results of their evaluations. Here are some examples of how firms deal with independence issues: Johnson, Feigley, Newton & Brand LLP This local firm with fewer than 10 professionals uses tools such as practice aids and peer review checklists as a guide and for documentation requirements, which it has integrated into its system of quality control and updates on an ongoing basis. …


The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system is ideal for relaying data from remote buoys. However, transmission timing places severe constraints on the accuracy and reliability of system clocks, particularly those which remain unattended for long periods of time. The GOES satellite has the capability of transmitting commands on its interrogate link. A new generation of GOES Command Receiver (GCR) for the offshore weather buoy network of the Canadian Atmospheric Environment Service has been developed to receive these commands. The commands are structured to allow control over all the transmitting parameters. The cost of this development was substantially reduced by the use of existing receiver components.


The International Criminal Court would not exist as it is currently known without NGOs. After promoting its creation and participating decisively in the negotiation of its Statute, NGOs are in third moment of synergy. NGOs play a key role in the functioning of the Criminal Court, which sometimes needs them to carry out its functions. The present research analyzes this relationship in order to detect its deficiencies and to study how to articulate an effective cooperation.