The extensive deployment of high-bandwidth fiber-optic transmission facilities has increased the amount of damage that can be caused by a single failtire. To reduce the risk of a catastrophic loss of service, we develop a simple distributed protocol for maintaining the call-canying capacity of a telecommunications trunk network after the failure of certain network components. Our protocol is designed for a reconfigurable trunk network consisting of high-bandwidth fiber links connected through reconfigurable digital cross connect nodes. It works for both node and link failures Our solution has two parts: first cause the surviving digital cross connects to agree on the topology (i e., what is up and what is down) and second, based on the agreed topology, reconfigure the digital cross connect nodes to restore as much call-carrying capacity as possible.


Abstract This research studied mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of Haynes 214 after pack aluminizing. The Haynes 214 samples were heat treated at various temperatures (973 K, 1073 K and 1173 K) for 1, 1.25, 4 and 6.25 hours, respectively. After aluminizing, there were two layers at the surface: the inner layer (Ni2Al3) located adjacent to Haynes 214 substrate and the outer layer (Ni2Al3 and NiAl3) at the surface. After aluminizing, surface hardness significantly increases from about 250 HV of substrate to more than 570 HV. With increasing hardness, wear resistance of aluminized samples can also be improved as can be seen from decreasing the specific wear rate from 2.24 × 10−6 g N−1m−1 to 7.6 × 10−7 g N−1m−1 after aluminizing. Cyclic oxidation tests of Haynes 214 with and without aluminizing show that both of them have good oxidation resistance due to slow growth rate of oxide film.


Normally this capacity cannot be determined at the tendon of the muscle and therefore it is measured indirectly by the application of muscular force to an external measuring device. Dynamic application of force is affected by change in length of the muscle, speed of movement, accelleration due to gravity, mass and inertia of moving parts and numerous other factors. Therefore strength is usually measured under static condition (known as isometric strength) although this in turn is affected by three major factors.


While the effect of high-energy irradiation on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been extensively investigated, the molecular structure changes under different irradiation conditions are less well understood. In this work, we have made systematic investigations on the molecular structure of electron beam irradiated LDPE under various irradiation conditions. The microstructures have been mainly characterized by rheological measurements using small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) and analyzed by a weighted relaxation spectrum and a van Gurp–Palmen plot. It was found that the linear viscoelasticity of LDPE exhibited a strong dependence on the radiation atmosphere due to oxidative degradation in the presence of oxygen. An improved/destroyed network structure could be acquired when LDPE was irradiated in a nitrogen/oxygen environment, as compared with that in air. Differences became more significant when LDPE was irradiated at higher temperature (80 °C) due to the facilitated diffusion of free radicals wi...


This article is devoted to the analysis of modern approaches to understanding of the consciousness. The next approaches has marked out: structural, functional, qualitative and modal. The existing concepts of sense in their correlation to the allocated types of the interpretation of the consciousness are considered as well.


"Abstract: The aim of this article is to go beyond dyadic observational units to consider the parent–child relationship starting from a primary triad formed by parents1 and the child. This triad could be analysed as an interactive matrix within the many possible combinations of new families (e.g. step families, childfree and LAT couples). In Gestalt therapy, the extension of this framework may promote an effective connection between research and clinical work: new units of observation could be processed through contact boundaries between parents with their children, as well as other family members. Key words: co-parenting, triadic assessment procedures, new family figures, Gestalt therapy."


This management note describes the New York State Judiciary's introduction of microcomputers in all aspects of in formation and records management throughout the state. The methodology used to develop the computer applications is discussed and the specific functions being performed by the microcomputers are outlined. Court managers that are considering developing and installing any type of auto mated system in their courts should find New York's experience of interest.


Special features of the gas station oil tank cleaning operation are listed, the operational procedures foroil tank cleaning are explained, and the important points in safety management are noted.


The present study examined the application of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) as additive to the polyethylene matrix of wood-plastic composites (WPC). Composite samples were prepared with softwood sawdust and mixtures of EVOH with polyethylene in various proportions. The hardness, tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, toughness, tensile elongation, and water absorption of this samples were measured. Analysis of the properties of obtained composites showed that EVOH additive to the polyethylene matrix WPC increases toughness, flexural strength and reducing water absorption.


The embodiment of the invention provides an overtemperature protection method and device based on an EPS system. Under the condition that the heating value of an EPS controller is greater than a first threshold, the largest booster electric current of a booster motor is reduced to a second numerical value from a first numerical value, and when the largest booster electric current of the booster motor is the second numerical value, the heating value of the EPS controller is smaller than or equal to the first threshold. Therefore, according to the method and device disclosed by the embodiment, the EPS system is not directly closed, but the largest booster electric current is reduced to the numerical value when the heating value of the EPS controller is smaller than or equal to the first threshold. The EPS system is not directly closed, and therefore, the EPS system can still provide an auxiliary torque, in the travelling process of a vehicle, the auxiliary torque does not disappears suddenly but becomes small; and therefore, the response time for adjusting a steering wheel is set aside for a driver, and the safe travelling of the vehicle is facilitated.


We extend the conventional transfer matrix method to include anisotropic features for electron transmission in two-dimensional materials, such as breaking reflection law in pseudo-spin phases and wave vectors. This method allows to study transmission properties of anisotropic and stratified electrostatic potential media from a wide range of tunable parameters, which include strain tensor and gating. We apply the extended matrix method to obtain the electron transmission, conductance, and Fano factor for the interplay of an uniaxially strained graphene sheet with external one-dimensional aperiodic potentials. Our results suggest the possibility of visualizing this interplay from conductance measurements.


European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner) is one of the major pests of corn in Croatia. Selection of OS corn hybrids has tradition of more than 120 years. Many valuable materials have created and today are sown on wide areas in Croatia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of some OS hybrids against this pest. Field trials were conducted during three years (1999-2001) on two localities. Five OS corn hybrids were evaluated: OSSK 247; OSSK 332; OSSK 444; OSSK 552 and OSSK 644. Dissection of corn stalk was done during harvest period. Intensity of attack of ECB (%) was determined, as well as position and length of damage (cm/plant), and grain yield (t/ha). Average intensity of attack caused by ECB during three years of investigation was 34,2%. The lowest attack intensity were determined in 2000 with the average of 9,6%, and the greatest was in 2001 with the average value of 60,9%. Length of damages on corn stalk was least in 2000 when average damage was 0,48 cm/plant, while in 2001 year, 5,46 cm/plant were damaged. In 1999 when attack intensity was 34,2%, the length of damage on the stalk was 0,95 cm/plant. The greatest length of damage on hybrids were recorded in 2001, when hybrid OSSK 444 has damage of 16,62 cm/plant, OSSK 552 has 13,54 cm/plant, and OSSK 644 has 10,68 cm/plant, and the attack intensity was in the same time over 90% in those hybrids. Three years trials showed that if attack intensity was under 40%, the greatest length of damage on corn stalk was in average 1,58 cm. If the intensity of attack was over 50%, the average length of damage on the corn stalk was 5,78 cm/plant. Significant positive correlation occurred between intensity of attack and length of damage (r=0, 80-0, 99). Some of the hybrids showed tolerance to ECB and reached satisfying results.


Software Transactional Memory (STM) has made great advances towards acceptance into mainstream programming by promising a programming model that significantly reduces the complexity of writing concurrent programs. Unfortunately, the mechanisms in current STM implementations that enforce the fundamental properties of transactions — atomicity, consistency, and isolation — also introduce considerable performance overhead. This performance impact can be so significant that in practice, programmers are tempted to leverage their knowledge of a spe-cific application to carefully bypass STM calls and instead access shared memory directly. While this technique can be very effective in improving performance, it breaks the consistency and isolation properties of transactions, which have to be handled manually by the programmer for a specific application. It also breaks another desirable property of transactions: composability. In this paper, we identify the composability problem and pro-pose two STM system extensions to provide transaction composability in the presence of direct shared memory reads by transactions. TxFastRead gives the programmer the performance of a direct memory access to the shared memory data when used from a non-nested transaction, while performing necessary bookkeeping to guarantee composability when used from a nested transaction. TxFlush ensures consistency between nested transactions that use TxFastRead and can be inserted by the programmer or automatically by the compiler. These extensions give the programmer a similar level of flexibility and performance when optimizing the STM application as existing practices, while preserving composability. We propose two implementation schemes for these extensions: Lookup Scheme and Partial Commit Scheme . We evaluate our implementation of these extensions on several benchmarks on a 16-way SMP. The results show that our extensions provide performance competitive with hand-optimized non-composable techniques, while still maintaining transactional composability.


Background: E.coli isacommoncauseof urinarytractinfectionandbacteremiainhumans. Thatisfrequentlyresistantto β -lactam antibiotics. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance and CTX-M extended-spectrum β -lactamases (ESBL) carrying E. coli isolated in hospitals from two different areas in Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 93 clinical isolates of E. coli were collected from urine culture of inpatients in Mashhad and Qom hospitals from August 2013 to February 2014. Bacteria were re-confirmed by Microgen kit. Antimicrobial and ESBL tests were performed using by standard disc diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for detection of plasmid mediated CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-2 ESBLs. Four of the bla CTX-M genes were sequenced. Statistical analysis carried out using SPSS (version 16) software and Chi-square test. Results: High prevalent isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, nalidixic acid and cotrimoxazole, but sensitive to imipenem, nitrofurantoin and amikacin. The ESBL phenotype was detected in 48 (51.6%) isolates, 42 of which were carrying bla CTX-M gene. There was no significant difference between the β -lactamase-producing bacteria from the two studied cities. 81% and 85% of bla CTX-M carriers from hospitals in Qom and Mashhad were respectively found to have CTX-M-1 ESBL, whereas none of them showed CTX-M-2 ESBL cluster. Bla CTX-M-15 was found in four selected bacteria by sequencing. Conclusions: This study showed a high rate of CTX-M-1 cluster and also presence of CTX-M-15 ESBL in two different areas of Iran, which emphasize the need for employing an excellent management program in antibiotic therapy.


Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a most common cardiac arrhythmia affects more than 2.3 million people in the US and associated with increased risk of stroke, heart failure and death. Cather ablation to treat paroxysmal AF patients is somewhat successful with challenges remaining to accurately identify the active sites for persistent AF patients which may occur outside the pulmonary vein (PV) region due to inadequate cardiac mapping systems. In this work, the authors propose an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) approach using multi-scale entropy estimates of the intrinsic mode functions as a complexity measure to accurately identify pivot point of the rotor that were induced in ex-vivo isolated rabbit heart with Ventricular Tachycardia (VT). The new approach using EMD demonstrated successful identification of the rotor core region providing better contrast relative to the periphery region. Validation of the EMD approach using intra-atrial electrograms from paroxysmal and persistent AF patients with rotors is required to accurately identify the rotor pivot point to guide AF ablation.


The present study examined the influence of demographic characteristics, relational style and patient satisfaction on adherence to treatment. The sample was 37 physicians and their patients (N = 141): 30 diabetics, 49 with cardiovascular problems, 18 with cancer, 32 with respiratory illness and 12 with gastro-intestinal diseases. IWe evaluated, from the perspective of the doctor and patient, the adherence and relational style. Patients also evaluated satisfaction with medical treatment. We did not find any effect of physician's age and gender, nor the number of hours of work per week, average time spent in consultation and specialty on both adherence measures. Two regression analysis were conducted. In the first one, adherence from the perspective of the patient was used as the dependent variable, resulting the style relational perceived by the patient as the sole predictor (R2 =.15). In the second analysis, the dependent variable was adherence determined by the physician. In this case the significant predictors were style relational perceived by the patient and patient satisfaction with medical care (R2 =.24). It was concluded that the doctor-patient relationship seen from the perspective of the patient, and satisfaction with medical care, variables that affect adherence to medical treatment.


The K reactor at the Savannah River site (SRS) was scheduled to operate during 1993, following cooling tower tie-in, to demonstrate that it was a viable contingency production source of tritium. Following the demonstration run, K reactor was to be placed in a low-cost standby mode capable of restarting within 5 yr. This paper discusses the people, programs, and equipment necessary to support the standby mode by the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC), an organization providing technical design and support for K reactor.


(54) DYNAMICALLY GENERATED TARGETED Publication Classification SUBSCRIPTION PACKAGE (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventors: Peruvemba V. Subramanian, C: O 3:38 Santa Clara, CA (US); Zhiqiang Michael Zhang, San Ramon, CA (52) U.S. Cl. ..................................... 705/14.23; 705/26.4 (US); Lex Bayer, Menlo Park, CA (57) ABSTRACT (US) Techniques are provided for dynamically generating a cus tomized Subscription package to a user of one or more virtual (21) Appl. No.: 13/278,043 environments. A computer apparatus analyzes one or more (22) Filed: Oct. 20, 2011 user attributes of a user of one or more virtual environments. e a? V.9 The computer apparatus determines a customized subscrip tion package for the user. The customized subscription pack age comprises one or more virtual assets associated with the (60) Provisional application No. 61/455,324, filed on Oct. one or more virtual environments. The customized subscrip 20, 2010. tion package is offered to the user. Related U.S. Application Data


This paper examines the integration and identity construction processes of South Asian immigrant women in Ottawa. Interviews were conducted with seven immigrant women from South Asia who were working in Ottawa in order to understand their journeys in the Canadian context. The women came from different backgrounds and countries in the South Asian region. The findings revealed insights into their memories and ethnic identification, their workplace negotiations, and the importance of multicultural communities and a sense of belonging in Canada. Also, what was striking was their adaptability in the context of managing and balancing their lives in Canada to their new contexts while also retaining aspects of their earlier identities which were important to them.


ABSTRACT This paper provides a rigorous and directed research framework for fostering innovations in the design, implementation, and operation of barriers, traps, and fishways used to control the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes. It was developed to support the Great Lakes Fishery Commission's milestone pledging to decrease reliance on chemical lampricides and achieve 50% of sea lamprey suppression through alternative control technologies, including barriers and traps. The paper first substantiates the need to develop a long-term research plan for barriers, traps, and fishways by summarizing (i) current management challenges, (ii) the barrier, trap, and fishway options being used to meet these challenges, and (iii) the key uncertainties in our knowledge regarding these options. The paper then proposes a long-term research strategy that envisions a transition from barriers designed to block the upstream spawning migrations of sea lamprey, to barrier and trap combinations that facilitate physical removal of sea lamprey and, in some cases, passage of non-target fishes, to barrier and trap designs that are specific to sea lamprey, transparent to non-target fishes, and safer for operators. Thirteen research needs are identified to support this strategy along with a general work plan on how they can be achieved. The research needs and work plan highlight the exceptional opportunity to develop the Great Lakes basin as a leading, international research center for fish migration and passage, and the development of environmentally friendly barriers.


cases. During the period under review-1926-30--there were 1,600 deliveries, about one-third of the patients being primiparae. MIost of the women were seen for the first time on their adcrission to hospital, often after the onset of labour, thotugh the attendances at the ante-natal clinic gradually increased year by year. As the patients were all Chinese, opportunity was afforded for comparing their pelvic measurements with those of English women. It was found that on the whole the measurements of the Chinese (mostly Cantonese) were smaller; there were many cases of inatural delivery or easy forceps delivery in patients with an external conjugate diameter of between


We present a light-weight method for automatically detecting shapes that have an approximate rotational symmetry (e.g., a square or equilateral triangle) on discrete-space images. Our motivation is the problem of automatically detecting and recognizing hazardous material placards on a mobile platform (e.g., a mobile telephone) equipped with a camera. The proposed method is well-suited for mobile device applications, which are characterized by limited memory, processing power and battery life. It is based on comparing the magnitude of the coefficients of the Fourier series of the centralized moments of the Radon transform of the image after segmentation. However, in our approach, the computation of the Radon transform is bypassed as we obtain these coefficients directly from the rows of the Pascal Triangle of the segmented image. The Pascal Triangle of an image is composed of complex moments arranged in a pyramidal fashion similar to the binomial coefficients. These complex moments are obtained from a coarse segmentation of the shape represented by a gray-scale image. In particular, the contours of the object do not need to be precisely defined, and the shape needs not be connected. Moreover, our approach is invariant under translation, rotation, and scaling. We tested our method on images from the MPEG-7 shape database as well as images from our own database of hazardous material placards.


Aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty are terms used in seismic hazard analysis that are not commonly used in other fields, but the concepts are well known. Aleatory variability is the natural randomness in a process. For discrete variables, the randomness is parameterized by the probability of each possible value. For continuous variables, the randomness is parameterized by the probability density function. Epistemic uncertainty is the scientific uncertainty in the model of the process. It is due to limited data and knowledge. The epistemic uncertainty is characterized by alternative models. For discrete random variables, the epistemic uncertainty is modelled by alternative probability distributions. For continuous random variabiles, the epstemic uncertainty is modelled by alternative probability density functions. In addition, there is epistemic uncertainty in parameters that are not random by have only a single correct (but unknown) value. The terms randomness and uncertainty have also been used for aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty, respectively; however, these terms are commonly used in generic ways. As a result, they are often mixed up when used in hazard analysis. The terms " aleatory variability " and " epistemic uncertainty " do not roll off the tongue easily. This unfamiliarity causes people to stop and think about what they are trying to say before using them. The overall goal is to have a clear terminology that will avoid misunderstandings. 5.1 Example of the Unknown Die As a simple example, consider the problem of rolling a die. Assume that you have not seen the die, but you have seen the results of four previous rolls. Those four previous rolls came up 2, 3, 3, and 4. What is the model for this die?


Sounds in Translation: Intersections of music, technology and society joins a growing number of publications taking up R. Murray Schafer's challenge to examine and to refocus attention on the sound dimensions of our human environment. His book The Soundscape: Our sonic environment and the tuning of the world (1977/1994) explores the idea of the 'sound-scape', the acoustic environment that we inhabit. Schafer invited researchers in the area of sound and music to investigate the origins, causes and impacts of new (and changing) sounds in rural and urban environments and to ask 'what is the relationship between man [sic] and the sounds of his environment and what happens when those sounds change?' (1977:3–4). He concluded that the 'home territory of soundscape studies' is at the crossroads of 'science, society and the arts' (Schafer 1977). Subsequent volumes have taken up this challenge: Wireless Imagination: Sound, radio and the avant-garde (Kahn and Whitehead 1992), The Soundscape of Modernity: Architectural acoustics and the culture of listening in America, 1900–1933 (Thompson 2002), The Audible Past: Cultural origins of sound reproduction (Sterne 2003), Sound Matters: Essays on the acoustics of modern German culture (Alter and Koepnick 2004) and Hearing Cultures: Essays on sound, listening and modernity (Erlmann 2004). These books illuminate the sound aspects of a socio-historical period, be it in the Americas in the early twentieth century, in Germany in the past 200 years or in others. Their discussions also add to the current discourse on sound and the concepts of 'sound' and the sound-scape. As Alter and Koepnick have noted, there is still very little in our present critical vocabulary relating specifically to sound. The terminologies we presently use are terms borrowed from the vocabulary devised to describe the visual. Sounds in Translation seeks to add to this discourse and ultimately to expand this vocabulary to better interpret and explicate the actions and interactions of sound within domestic, public, urban, rural, private and performance environments.


A nonlinear theory for traveling and spinning, sagged, elastic cables are developed. Under certain conditions this nonlinear theory reduces to established models for traveling or, spinning or, stationary cables.


Fifty‐eight of a consecutive series of 75 pregnancies in women with insulin‐dependent diabetes went into the third trimester. Diabetes was managed by home blood glucose monitoring and women were not routinely admitted at any stage before delivery. The mean number of in‐patient days before delivery was 15 for the whole series but has been reduced to 9 during the past four years. Each woman performed an average of 171 blood glucose measurements during her pregnancy. Mean blood glucose (including post‐prandial levels) fell significantly from 7.9 mmol/l in the first trimester to 7.3 in the second and 6.4 in the third. Mean percentage of haemoglobin A1 was within the normal range in the second and third trimesters. The caesarian section rate was high at 66% but there were no perinatal deaths. Three infants had congential abnormalities.


This report is a summary of the work performed under Department of Energy contract FG19-87BC14126 during the period February 22, 1987 to February 21, 1990. During that period the Stanford University Petroleum Research Institute has published twenty-two technical reports and professional papers. This report presents in general terms the scope of work of SUPRI which is divided in five main projects: reservoir properties, in-situ combustion, improvement of steam injection by additives, well-to-well formation evaluation, and field support services. The results obtained during the period of performance of the contract are then presented in the form of abstracts from the technical reports and papers written during the period of performance.


For Electromagnetic compatibility, radiation emission measurements are to date carried out in frequency domain in accordance with applicable emission measurement CISPR and ANSI standards, using a conventional heterodyne receiver. This paper discusses and summarizes the theory, setup, and algorithms in time domain, as well as the practical aspects of pre and full compliance radiation emission measurement system in real time resulting in comparison, a good many orders faster measurements using several sub-bands processing units for the frequency range up to 1 GHz. By making use of the deterministic and stochastic processes and Fast Fourier transform based time frequency analysis, the digital signal processing is used for the statistical spectral estimation and detection, that provides same degree of accuracy and signal to noise ratio by the parallel emulation of all required detector modes and auxiliary outputs, and better dynamic range with lower noise floor than with conventional EMC receivers and Spectrum Analyzers. This will considerably reduce the compliance test and development costs of electrical devices.


Sound is an integrated part of the urban society. Overexposure to unwanted sound often from mechanical or electronic origin is often tackled after it occurs and in a remediating fashion. An integrated approach to land use planning, urban development, urban traffic management and quality of life at least the noise related part of it opens interesting new perspectives. This chapter discusses these opportunities and points at indicators and numerical simulation that can be advantageous when applying the ideas presented.


Past molecular dynamics studies of thermal transport have predominantly used Stillinger–Weber potentials. As materials continuously shrink, their properties increasingly depend on defect and surface effects. Unfortunately, Stillinger–Weber potentials are best used for diamond-cubic-like bulk crystals. They cannot represent the energies of many metastable phases, nor can they accurately predict the energetics of defective and surface regions. To study nanostructured materials, where these regions can dominate thermal transport, the accuracy of Tersoff potentials in representing these structures is more desirable. Based upon an analysis of thermal transport in a GaN system, we demonstrate that the cutoff function of the existing Tersoff potentials may lead to problems in determining the thermal conductivity. To remedy this issue, improved cutoff schemes are proposed and evaluated.


Down syndrome (DS) results from trisomy 21 (T21) and is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Despite a worldwide effort to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the DS phenotypes, the underlying causes are still poorly known. In this thesis, we aimed to better characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the DS phenotypes. We showed how the use of isogenic models could improve our understanding of the DS molecular bases. We investigated the gene expression changes in DS using a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for T21. This unique model allowed the identification of transcriptome changes exclusively related to the T21. Additionally, we studied the chromosome 21 encoded Single minded 2 (Sim2) protein in order to better investigate the contribution of the chromosome 21 transcription factors in some of the DS manifestations. Altogether, the data provide new general insights to the understanding of the complex mechanisms causing the DS phenotypes.


Sandwiched structures consisting of carbon coated SnO2 nanorod grafted on graphene have been synthesized based on a seed assisted hydrothermal growth to form graphene supported SnO2 nanorods, followed by a nanocarbon coating. As a potential anode for high power and energy applications, the hierarchical nanostructures exhibit a greatly enhanced synergic effect with an extremely high lithium storage capability of up to 1419 mA h g−1 benefiting from the advanced structural features.


Abstract Aim Identify common home environmental modifications used by aging women to preserve independence with latent class analysis (LCA). Methods A cross-sectional survey was collected from 71,257 women in the Women's Health Initiative October 2013 to December 2014. Information was gathered regarding women's health and use of common home modifications. Descriptive measures characterized the women, and LCA identified patterns of usage. Results Fifty-five percent of women, ages 64–98 years, reported home modifications; more commonly among older women reporting poorer function. The most common strategies included grab bars (31%) and decluttering (26%). Analyses indicated four latent groups: limited use (56%), hand rails and grab bars (21%), lighting and decluttering (18%), and multi-use (5%). Conclusions These findings identify patterns of home environmental modifications from a large cohort of aging women. Women most often used fall prevention devices and cleaned and brightened space to preserve independence at home.


The vertical directionality of acoustic ambient noise has been a subject of much interest in the past. It is a well-defined physical quantity that can be measured experimentally with a vertical array. It possesses certain deterministic features that can be modeled theoretically with environmental acoustic and source data. Ambient noise in shallow waters, including its vertical directionality, is not very well known and is also difficult to model/predict. This is because the acoustic environment varies with time and is location dependent. Thus arises the question, how does the vertical directionality of the ambient noise depend on the acoustic environments (found in typical coastal waters)? Due to the shallow water depth, it is noted that sound (noise) propagation can be significantly influenced by the bottom. The degree of bottom interaction will depend on the sound-speed profile in the water column: whether it is downward refractive or not. Bottom attenuation will in turn determine how far the sound will...


Abstract This study reports the development of encapsulated and dried entomopathogenic fungus Metarhiuzm brunneum with reduced conidia content, increased conidiation, a high drying survival and enhanced shelf life. Dried beads prepared with the fillers corn starch, potato starch, carboxymethylcellulose or autoclaved baker's yeast, showed enhanced survival with increasing filler content. The maximum survival of 82% was found for beads with 20% corn starch at <0.1 water activity. While increasing starch content inhibits the conidiation, autoclaved baker's yeast and a combination with starch enhanced the conidiation to 1.0 × 108 conidia/bead. Beads with conidia content reduced to 0.01% multiplied conidia in a "microfermentation" by the factor 1000. A bioassay confirmed that conidia formed from rehydrated beads were virulent against Tenebrior molitor larvae. After six months of storage, encapsulated conidia showed improved shelf life compared to non-formulated conidia. This "microfermenter" will pave the way for encapsulated fungi to be used as cost-effective biocontrol agents.


The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether Japan achieves a competitive advantage through digital technologies in order to enhance its socio-economic prosperity in this highly connected world. The author analysed the competitive advantage of Japan's ICT sector with a particular focus on IoT through Porter's Diamond Model of National Competitive Advantage. The main motive behind choosing this sector is academic suggestions that technology innovation can boost productivity, and therefore, foster the current development. Technology has had a distinct place in Japanese development since the 1970s when the country recorded its first significant economic success. The mixed-method research was conducted by collecting data from governmental (public) and non-governmental (private) sources in order to analyse the major components of the competitive advantage. The analysis revealed that the key drivers of the competitiveness within the respective sector are influencing each other negatively. Specifically, Japan lacks technology oriented labour force and startups driving innovation. The analysis also revealed that well-established corporations hold a strong role within competitiveness of Japan as they are closely tied with the government through networks. Hence the research concludes that the competitive advantage of Japan is rather weak with respect to contributing to the socio-economic development of the country. (Less)


Bachelor theses is deal with basics words about family. Family and aducation are written from history point of view and from today point of view. Function and functionality of family are marked out in this bachelor theses. Influence and number of members family to psychical progress child is mention too. Factual excercices of functionless family are writ-ten in second part in this bachelor theses. There are divorce and half family and thweir in-fluence to children. The other problems of family are written too, but very short. There are prevention and help child ind third part this bachelor theses. This theme is very short. Practical aprt is about factual opinions students to theit own families.


After completing this journal-based SA- CME activity, participants will be able to: ■ Discuss the fundamentals of 123 I ioflu- pane SPECT interpretation in parkinsonism. Identify normal amyloid-binding Visual interpretation of amyloid-binding PET data may be sufficient. Healthy individuals show nonspecific white matter uptake of amyloid radiotracers but minimal binding in the cortical gray matter. Positive studies demonstrate cortical binding equal to or greater than white matter binding. The cerebellar gray matter and pons, in both of which amyloid rarely accumulates, can be used as internal controls.


This study documents the boom in Europe's imports from Asia and the Americas between 1500 and 1800 and explores its causes. There was no commodity-price convergence between continents, suggesting that declining trade barriers were not the cause of the boom. Thus, it must have been caused by some combination of European import demand and foreign export supply. The behavior of the relative price of foreign importables in European cities should tell us which mattered most and when: we provide the evidence and offer a model which is used to decompose the sources of Europe's overseas trade boom.


The purpose of this study was designed to investigate the effects of competitive outcome and sex upon attribution of children in a competitive exercise setting.
Subject of this study were 40 male and 40 female students in a elementary school aged 11-12
Interests are on the attribution made by participants tested basketball free throwing in physical education class, the investigater briefly explained study to all students at the begnning of game stating that the study only concerned attribution of their conpetitive outcome. upon completion of basketball free throwing, subjects were asked to assess their competitive outcomein terms of the casual demention of interbality. stability, and controllability using CDS Ⅱ.
two-was analysis of cariance were sonducted to determine whether the differences in casual perception existed between (1) winners and losers. (2) male and female.
the results obtained from this study were as follows;
1. Winners are more internal, internal controllable, external controllable casual attributions than lowers on their competitive outcome. Children perceive the competitive outcome depends upon efforts, coaching of significant others. so thdy think of competitive outcome as flexible and controllable..
2. Male and female did not differ in the internality. stability and controllability of their attribution. This means that elementary school students possess low levels of sex role recognition.


Photoluminescent semiconductor/copolymer nanocomposites with 7 nm CdS nanoparticle monodispersed in high-solid thermosetting acrylic polymers matrix and with thiacetamide and cadmium acetate,etc.as raw materials was prepared by a single-step method in water solution of acetone and methyl alcohol.XRD,TEM,UV-Vis and PL were employed for characterization of the products.The study result showed that the polyacrylate hydrolyzed and chelated metal ions by its carboxylic group and then,performed as a protection layer after the formation of nanoparticles.


Objective To explore the related factors of tooth loss and dentine restoration in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods One hundred and twenty-six individuals were divided into experimental group and control group according to whether with diabetes mellitus. The tooth loss and restoring between two groups wewe compared to find the relationship between tooth loss and related factors of periodontal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results Experimental group showed a significantly higher in the number of tooth loss,periodontal problems and severe defect of dentition( P 0. 05). Logistic multiple regression analysis came to the result that patients with type 2 diabetes showed a significantly higher in the number of tooth loss and a significantly increase in number of tooth with periodontal problems,severe defect of dentition and lack of regular oral health examination( P all 0. 05). Conclusion These study results revealed that the tooth loss in patients with diabetes has a close correlation with the number of tooth with periodontal disease,severe defect of dentition,regular oral health examination.


Isa Boletini took part in many significant incidents that occurred in Rumelia in the last period of the Ottoman Empire as a result of both the geography and period he lived in and the networks he established. While he was mentioned as a bandit in the first state correspondences, his oppression on the Muslim and Christian people in the region where he lived was being uttered. Considered as the biggest obstacle for the foundation of an embassy in Mitrovica by Russia, which wanted to exist in the region over time, Isa became a crucial item of the agenda in the diplomatic negotiations. He was honored with the grace and bestowal of Yildiz, which wanted to stop him from causing a crisis. Isa, who started to be addressed as "bey" with the title given by Abdulhamid II, adopted an attitude against the Committee of Union and Progress, thus, the Constitutional order in order to protect his own interests and obtain new ones. The new process that started with his opposition against the regime and the occurring events made him a part of the Albanian nationalism. Accordingly, he became an important actor of the Albanian rebellions which continued until the Balkan War. Isa, who tried to defend Kosovo's territory against the hostile occupations during the Balkan War and World War I, is now considered a national hero of Kosovo Albanians.


Co(II) salts react with 5-(1H-benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)isophthalic acid (H2L) under hydrothermal conditions to yield [Co(L)(py)(H2O)] (1) and [Co(L)] (2) [py = pyridine], which have been characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffractions, Infrared, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis. The two complexes have structures dependent on the different experimental conditions. As a result, 1 has a 1-D ladder structure, which can be further linked to build a 3-D framework through hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions; 2 is a binodal (3,6)-connected 2-D kgd network with (43)2(46.66.83) topology. Synthetic strategies on coordination modes of ligand and structures of resultant complexes are discussed. Magnetism of 2 was investigated.


In pedagogy perspective, this paper uses the method of documents and materials and logic analysis to analyze the manuscripts of the elementary school sports in Monthly Bulletin of Diligence Sports (Volume 4, No. 46). Research suggests that monthly bulletin of diligence sports mainly probes into the reasons why the elementary school sports is not developed, discusses goal adjustment background of the elementary school sports, explores the path of developing elementary school sports work, expounds the teachers' quality, ability and the work content, introduces the teaching content selection and method usage in elementary school physical education, studies the organization and implementation of extracurricular activities, promotes the elementary physical examination and test methods of physical performance and so on. It is believed that scientificality, modernity, nationality and effectiveness are the principles which the sports teaching reform in elementary school should follow.


The problem on prevention and cure of flood/drought disasters in Hubei is analyzed. It is concluded that it is necessary to reestimate the bearing capacity of natural environment impacted by human activities, and the measure on the flood in Jianghan plain and the drought in north Hubei should be paid much attention, especially the forecasting and evaluation for those utmost disasters. Because of the amount inconsistency of water resource between the reaches of Yangtze River and north China plain which often results in "flood in south China and drought in north China", it is important to put harness across different Rivers into practice.


Quality Analysis of Original and Non-Original Piston Rods on Two-Wheel Vehicles 4 Stroke Capacity 113cc, piston rods are important spare parts on motorcycles, because their function is to transmit the powergenerated in the combustion process from the piston to the crankshaft on the vehicle. If there is damage tothe piston rod which can cause the piston rod to be bent or even broken, so that it has an impact on thesafety factor when driving a motor vehicle. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanicalcharacteristics of the piston rod material (connecting rod) of original and non-original products, and tocompare the quality of the piston rods of original and non-original products from two differentmanufacturers. The method used in this study was the ASTM E 3 microstructure test, the SNI 19-0409-1989hardness test, and the ASTM A 751 chemical composition. Metallographic testing revealed that themicrostructure of the original motorcycle piston rod was tempered martensite with a fine grain of 60-80 cm.70%, while the microstructure of the non-original motorcycle piston rod is tempered martensite with 40%coarse grain. Medium hardness test The hardness value of the original piston rod material is 428 HV, whichis higher than the non-original motorcycle piston rod material hardness value of 396 HV. As well as testingthe chemical composition that the value of the element Al contained in the original motorcycle piston rodmaterial is 0.0314% > 0.0184% non-original motorcycle piston rod material in the chemical compositiontesting process.


Boron nitride (BN), talc, hydroxyapatite (HA), and zinc stearate (ZnSt) were investigated as nucleation agents (NA) for nonfossil-based poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co- 4-hydroxybutyrate) (P3/4HB) plastics. Nonisothermal crys- tallization behaviors of the P3/4HB/NA blends were exam- ined by DSC. It revealed that BN is the most efficient nucleation agent to promote the crystallization rate, however, but not the crystallization degree. The lasting crystallization of P3/4HB was also removed. The nucleation effect was strengthened with increase of BN content up to 1% and then slackened deeply when further BN was added. Isothermal crystallization analysis revealed that the addition of nuclea- tion agent BN does not alter the crystal growth mode of P3/ 4HB, with maintaining the Avrami parameter n value around 2.40. Talc did enhance the crystallization of P3/4HB with however milder crystal growth rate. HA and ZnSt did not promote, but depressed the crystallization of P3/4HB plas- tics. V C 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 1116-1123, 2010


Many people worry that exposure to Internet gambling will overpower individuals' self-control, stimulate addictive behavior patterns, and provide the context to sustain addiction once it emerges. Though many researchers have attempted to evaluate this proposition, they have been limited by their methodological approaches—specifically, their use of convenience samples and self-reports of Internet gambling behavior. At the Division on Addiction, the authors collaborated with bwin.party digital entertainment to examine electronically recorded gambling data (i.e., records of actual gambling) among bwin.party subscribers. As described in this chapter, their early epidemiological studies revealed that few Internet gamblers are intemperate and that the typical Internet player gambles moderately. However, those who do use the Internet to gamble excessively often experience lasting and far-reaching harm. The authors review prevention and intervention strategies to help promote healthier Internet gambling. These cross-cutting strategies emerge from public policy, public health, corporate social responsibility, and other fields. With regard to user-initiated strategies, the authors describe what researchers have discovered about the effectiveness and reach of self-limitation and self-exclusion programs. With regard to operator-initiated strategies, they propose a series of steps leading to the development of algorithms designed to predict which Internet gamblers will require interventions to reduce gambling harm. The authors describe their approach to these steps during their work developing predictive algorithms for bwin.party. Finally, the chapter considers ethical principles that should inform the development of programs and policies designed to provide the safest possible Internet gambling experience.


A case of Nocardia farcinica septicemia in a Kuwaiti female with Hodgkin's disease is described. The diagnosis was established by the isolation of N. farcinica from blood on two occasions. Her symptom


'Recat' or 'recon'? Pursue a labour-intensive, costly, and time-consuming method (recataloguing) or utilise a relatively cheap, largely automatic procedure, admittedly imperfect and fraught with errors, which holds up a glimmer of hope for a complete online catalogue in the near future (retrospective conversion)? This is the dilemma a big library is bound to face when it determines to migrate its traditional paper-based catalogue – or a part thereof - to the net. The article presents the main aspects to be considered in choosing the appropriate method: given the criteria of cost, quality, and time, many libraries prefer to adopt the cheaper and automatic method, even if it is less perfect in terms of quality: retroconversion. A specific case of this is the scanning and OCR of the catalogue cards themselves, XML-conversion of the generated records as well as the creation of a number of indices, which are keys for users' online search sessions. A successful project of large-scale retroconversion is discussed in detail. The ADAM Project – named after ALEPH's module for managing digital objects - was run by the Central University Library of Iasi (Romania). About 1.3 million traditional catalogue cards have been digitised and integrated into the OPAC of the library during the six months of the project for a relatively low cost.


On June 2, a genetic study of more than 1,610 COVID-19 patients in Italy and Spain found that people with type A blood had a higher chance of developing severe respiratory failure than people with ...


Lipinski and Gupta (2005) report the results of 12 experiments and numerous analyses that attempted to examine further the effects of phonotactic probability originally reported in Vitevitch and Luce (1998, & further explored in Vitevitch & Luce 1999). They suggested that Vitevitch and Luce s results were due to differences in the duration of the stimuli rather than to differences in phonotactic probability. The present report describes the results from another nonword naming experiment—employing a new set of duration-matched stimuli—that demonstrate a facilitative effect of phonotactic probability above and beyond that of stimulus duration. The current results provide support for Vitevitch and Luce s original claims. Possible sources of the discrepancies between Lipinski and Gupta s data and those in the present report are discussed. Although many factors may mediate the facilitative effect of phonotactic probability on nonword repetition latency, we believe there is still sufficient evidence to support the claim that increases in phonotactic probability for nonwords are associated with decreases in nonword processing times, even when stimulus duration is controlled. 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


Hainan coherent scatter phased array radar (HCOPAR) located at low latitude of China has recorded the extremely rare daytime F region irregularities at noon of 22 July 2013 and 23 May 2016. The two field‐aligned irregularities (FAIs) appeared in the topside F2 layer and presented small Doppler velocities and narrow spectral widths. The fan sector maps show that the FAIs moved northward with almost no zonal speed. The irregularities emerged in the geomagnetically quiet condition and were irrelevant to the storm‐induced eastward electric field as other daytime cases. More than 2 h after the emergency of the daytime irregularities over Hainan, the Shaoyang digisonde situated ~870 km north to the HCOPAR recorded the spread‐F in ionospheric F1 layer. According to the echo altitudes, the spread‐F may connect the daytime bubbles via magnetic field line. The strong photoionization after sunrise made it difficult to generate the plasma bubbles in the sunlit ionosphere. Consequently, the two midday FAIs over Hainan may drift along the magnetic field lines from higher altitudes in the south and are most likely the remnant of previous night's bubbles.


Traditional tsunami catalogues are conceived as a collection of tsunamis classified by the generating cause, providing a general description of the effects observed for each tsunami. Those catalogues, even if they provide fundamental information, are not suitable for producing an exhaustive picture of the geographical distribution of the tsunami effects. In this paper we introduce the new Italian Tsunami Effects Database (ITED), a collection of evidence documenting the effects along the Italian coasts from historical times to present. The database comes forth the Euro-Mediterranean Tsunami Catalogue (EMTC) and focusses on the effects of tsunamis observed along the Italian coasts providing descriptive and quantitative information for each OP. The information reported in ITED does not only concern the effects produced by Italian tsunamis, but also those effects produced by tsunamis originated outside the Italian territory. ITED contains 318 OPs, related to 73 Italian tsunamis and to four tsunamis which occurred outside Italy. The database can be accessed through a WebApp that displays for each OP the description of effects, quantitative data (run-up, inundation, withdrawal, etc.) and tsunami intensity with the corresponding bibliographic references. The database also provides the tsunami intensity distribution along time (tsunami-history) for each site, allowing the end user to know how a place has been affected by tsunamis over the time. The information contained in ITED makes this database a useful tool to understand how tsunamis have affected the Italian territory and emphasizes the importance of studying the tsunami hazard along the Italian coasts.


Progress in investigation for extraction of fish protein concentrate (FPC) by different solvents (acetone, isopropyl alcohol and hexane: ethanol azeotropic mixture as Canadian, British and Indian method) of pink perch (Nemipterus spp.) analyzed for their functional properties and further utilized in developing value added product. FPC extracted by isopropyl alcohol was superior with significantly (P<0.05) highest protein, lowest moisture and fat content. Significantly (P<0.05) superior viscosity (118.37 cP), Protein solubility (84.40%), Emulsification capacity (68.53%), Emulsification stability (60.92%), Foaming capacity (140.01%), Foaming stability (121.70%) and Water holding capacity (25.35 mL/g) for isopropyl alcohol compared with other solvents. Due to typical fishy odor fish meat replaced with FPC (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 %) in fish finger formulation with FPC incorporation at 10% levels were most acceptable. Strong linearity (R2) for changes biochemical values (R2>0.96) and microbiological values (R2=0.9705) were found. Sensory evaluation had a negative correlation (R2>0.814) during storage suggesting shelf life of 11 days. Suggesting utilization of low value fishes for extraction of high quality proteins and their application for development of novel foods.


Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathology analysis and the charge of red cell in children with isolated hematuria.Method:The clinical and pathology characteristics were retrospectively analyzed in 78 patients with isolated hematuria which were in hospital.The changes of charge on the surface of red cell was determined in 78 patients and 26 controls by Alcian Blue(AB)binding amount.Results:(1)The majority age of onset in patients was 5~10 years and the percentage was 90.6%.80.32% patients occurred from September to March of second year.Infection was the main occasion factor(37.18%) still.The acute nephritis was the most constant clinical manifestation(34.62%).(2)The main pathological type was IgA nephropathy(35.90%).(3)The AB binding amount and sialic acid(the main negative charge substance) on the surface of red cell in patients was dcreased than the control group.Conclusions:(1)Because of multiplicity in the pathogeny and pathology in children with isolated hematuria,the patients are required persistent observation indispensable of renal biopsy.(2)The descend of ngative charge maybe participated in hematuria onset and development.


Application of seismic material can provide wider thoughts for solving geology problem, mutual combination of seismicj geology and logging materials is an effective method to settle practical problem of oilfield exploitation .Seismic material is time region material;geology and logging is depth region material , searching for mutual relation between time and depth,making out stratum unit demarcation, is the link of combination of seismic and geology and logging.Since workspace is short of VSP material, the stratum unit demarcation with synthetic seismic record is the presupposition of structure interpretation and sand body trace and reservior prediction and so on.The article deals with several points for attention in how the demarcation with synthetic seismic record can be done sucessfully from more points of view ,so that we can probe into them together..


The invention relates to the processing technical field of ceramsite production and burning fly ash by utilizing refuse, and provides a method for burning fly ash by utilizing refuse in ceramsite production. In the invention, a clay material is taken as a main raw material, and a rotary-kiln ceramsite production process is adopted, the method comprises the procedures of mixing materials by metering, stirring, homogenizing, calcining in a rotary kiln, cooling clinker and screening by grades and is characterized in that during the process of calcining in the rotary kiln, the fly ash burned by utilizing the refuse is sprayed into a high-temperature section with the temperature not less than 1000 DEG C of the rotary kiln according to 4-15% of the dry weight of the raw material, the fly ash burned by utilizing the refuse is rapidly decomposed at high temperature, and the most part thereof is subject to direct high-temperature reaction with the clay raw material to form ceramsites. During the ceramsite production process, discharge reaches the standard to avoid secondary pollution of the fly ash burned by utilizing the refuse. The method can save the occupied land and the disposal fund owing to the embedded fly ash burned by utilizing the refuse, eliminate the environmental pressure of the fly ash burned by utilizing the refuse on the embedded area, can perform harmless and resource treatment on the fly ash burned by utilizing the refuse, and has obvious environmental-protection effect.


This paper is a continuation of [3-6] and it is devoted to a stability analysis of multilayered vibrating viscoelastic spheres, both in vacuo and in an acoustical uid. The analysis is done by investigating the eect of viscoelastic damping on the (continuous) Ladyzenskaya- Babuska-Brezzi (LBB) constants for the related boundary-value problems. The sphere is modeled using both 3-D viscoelasticity and the Kirchho-Love shell theory


Abstract : PURPOSE: To describe the methodology used to define the metadata for use in the Army Digital Terrain Library (ADTL). REVISED PROBLEM STATEMENT: Determine the essential metadata and significant functions that allow for efficient retrieval and organization of modeling and simulation terrain databases.


Currentglobalconcernsregardingthementalwell-being(MWB)ofyoungmaleshavecalled for fresh approaches to social work service delivery. This study investigates the efficacy of adopting more 'online' approaches within social work practice by examining the current impact of online help-seeking behaviours on the MWB of adolescent males. A survey questionnaire comprised of validated scales measuring mental well-being and self-efficacy, combined with questions examining online help-seeking attitudes and behaviours was completed by527respondentsaged 14–16yearswithinaschoolenvironment.Theinternet was used by 42 per cent of respondents to retrieve health information. In general, respondents appeared knowledgeable regarding the importance of trusted and quality online healthinformation,yetweremorelikelytousesearchengines(57percent)orsocialnetworking sites (48 per cent) to find information rather than a government-sponsored website (23 percent).Youngmaleswhoreportedspeakingtoonlinefriendsregardingpersonalproblems recorded statistically significantly higher levels of mental well-being (p , 0.02). This may suggest that being able to communicate online how you are feeling is a positive for male mental health. Social work practitioners need to recognise this generational shift in helpseeking, in terms of providing and commissioning interpersonal helping via social media.


An analysis of Nb metallo-chemical properties indicates four different types of combinations: continuous solid solutions, limited solution, ion combinations and noninteracting elements. Constitution diagrams of the more important alloys are constructed and analyzed. Diagrams of Nb--Zr, Nb-U, Nb-Al, Nb-B, and Nb-C are included. (R.V.J.)


Abstract Helping students understand and generate appropriate hypotheses and test their subsequent predictions — in science in general and biology in particular — should be at the core of teaching the nature of science. However, there is much confusion among students and teachers about the difference between hypotheses and predictions. Here, I present evidence of the problem and describe steps that scientists actually follow when employing scientific reasoning strategies. This is followed by a proposed solution for helping students effectively explore this important aspect of the nature of science.


THE PERIOD spanning from the mid1990's to the crash of the real estate market in 2007 saw an unprecedented explosion of new construction throughout the United States, particularly in the Sun Belt. As with any boom, the frenzy of ever-increasing real estate prices tempted many of the players involved to cut corners and increase profits. Thus, the term "value engineering" took on a new meaning in the construction field. The basic tenet of "value engineering" is to increase the ratio of function to cost. This can be done either by increasing functionality or decreasing cost. The fast buck artists chose the latter with obvious consequences. Unfortunately for the purchasers of "value engineered" projects, the reduction of cost generally resulted in a decrease in function. However, the decreased function generally did not make itself evident until years after the developer had packed up and left town. Just like Sylvester McMonkey McBean in Dr. Seuss's The Sneetches, "... when every last cent of their money was spent, [t]he fix-it-up Chappie packed up. And he went." (1) Years after construction was completed, owners of properties, riddled with defects, sued the developer, builder and/or subcontractor(s) to recover the cost of repairing the defective construction. Ever eager to share the misery, the sued entities then turned to their general liability insurers, claiming the defective construction was an "accident" and therefore covered under their general liability policies. Not since asbestos litigation has any one coverage issue spawned so much litigation. As of the date of this article, only seven states have escaped addressing whether defective construction meets the definition of an "accident" and therefore constitutes a covered "occurrence" within the meaning of the I.S.O. general liability policy in use since 1986. (2) This article explores the various approaches courts have taken on the issue. It then presents other issues that are beginning to be addressed by courts who have found defective construction to be an "occurrence." In addition, state legislatures in at least four states have addressed the issue, spurred by decisions purportedly unfavorable to insureds in those jurisdictions. I. Is Defective Construction an "Occurrence?" The broad form general liability policy widely in use since the 1960's grants the following coverage: We will pay those sums that the insured becomes legally obligated to pay as damages because of "bodily injury" or "property damage" to which this insurance applies .... b. This insurance applies to "bodily injury" and "property damage" only if: (1) The "bodily injury" or "property damage" is caused by an "occurrence" that takes place in the "coverage territory"; and (2) The "bodily injury" or "property damage" occurs during the policy period. (3) From this language, it is clear that in order to trigger the coverage agreement in the first instance, there must be "property damage ... caused by an 'occurrence.'" What then is an "occurrence?" The I.S.O. policy defines an "occurrence" as "an accident, including continuous or repeated exposure to substantially the same general harmful conditions." (4) Enter the fortuity principle--that which is accidental is necessarily fortuitous. The policy is obviously intended only to cover fortuitous events--those which are foreseeable, but not within the insured's control. Arguably, if the resultant defect was "accidental" then the loss was an "occurrence." Other courts have reached the same result looking instead to policy exclusions to justify their decisions. Comprehensive General Liability ("CGL") policies contain a number of exclusions, which might apply to bar coverage even where the court finds the defective construction to be an occurrence. The I.S.O. broad form general liability policy currently in use contains three exclusions, generally referred to collectively as the "business risk exclusions," as follows: This insurance does not apply to: j. …


Objectives: Inter-regulation between components of the RAS is common, but little is known about the direct regulatory effects between cardiac ACE2/ACE and Mas receptor. This study was to examine if the expression of the cardiac ACE2/ACE and Mas receptor changes in hypertensive rats treated with enalapril and losartan. Methods: Forty rats were divided into 4 groups: sham operated (control, n = 10), rats with the aortic ligation (AL, n = 10), AL rats fed enalapril (20 mg kg−1 d−1, n = 10), and AL rats fed losartan (30 mg kg−1 d−1, n = 10). BP was recorded using a tail-cuff method. After 4 weeks of treatment, the levels of ACE2/ACE and Mas receptor in the heart were examined by RT-PCR and western blotting. Results: Cardiac ACE mRNA and ACE protein levels were greater in AL rats than in the control (P < 0.05). In AL rats with enalapril administration, cardiac ACE mRNA and its protein levels were decreased (P < 0.01), but losartan did not affect their levels. However, cardiac ACE2 mRNA and protein levels were lower in AL rats than in the control (P < 0.01). Both enalapril and losartan increased the levels of cardiac ACE2 expression, and BP was lower (P < 0.05). Cardiac Mas mRNA level rose in AL rats treated with losartan, but not enalapril. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that administration of enalapril and losartan increased the ratio of cardiac ACE2/ACE mRNA levels. Losartan significantly elevated the cardiac Mas expression but not enalapril. These findings suggest that AT1 blockade might increase the activity of the cardiac ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas axis of the RAS.


Abnormal state detection is very helpful for managers to find production system's uncommon conditions timely, it can greatly reduce potential loss and increase the enterprise's economic profits. To improve the work quality, this thesis puts forward an abnormal state detection model; the model is based on the theory of support vector data description. Firstly the production system's evaluation indexes are defined, and the thesis points out that for different types of production system, the indexes may be quite different. Secondly, the relative abnormal state detection model is built, and then, the thesis briefs the basic theory of support vector data description. Thirdly, the production system's abnormal state detection model is built and verified by an experiment. The result of the experiment shows that the model proposed by the thesis is effective and helpful.


The macroscopic and microscopic properties of basaltic and andesitic rocks are under study for integration of diverse spectroscopic approaches to evaluate the composition and texture of Mars materials using both in situ and remote sensing techniques. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.


A central goal of information theory is to characterize the capacity regions of communication networks. Due to the difficulty of the general problem, research is primarily focused on families of problems defined by various classifiers. These classifiers include the channel transition function (i.e., noisy, deterministic, network coding), demand type (i.e., single-source, 2-unicast), network topology (i.e. acyclic network coding, index coding). To date, the families of networks that are fully solved remain limited. Moreover, results derived for one specific family often do not extend easily to other families of problems. Our work shifts from the traditional focus on solving example networks to one that builds connections between problem solutions so that we can say where and when solving a problem in one domain would also solve a corresponding problem in another domain. Central to our approach is a technique called "reduction", in which we connect the solutions and results of communication problems. We say that problem A reduces to problem B when A can be solved by first transforming it to B and then applying a solution for B. We focus on two notions of reduction: reduction in code design and reduction in capacity region. Our central results demonstrate reductions with respect to a variety of classifiers. We show that finding multiple multicast network capacity regions reduces to finding multiple unicast network capacity regions both when capacity is defined as the maximal rate over all possible codes and when capacity is defined as the optimal rate over linear codes. As a corollary to this result, we show that the same capacity reduction holds for when network types are limited to either network coding networks or index coding networks. In several instances, we show that a reduction in code design extends to a reduction in capacity region if and only if the edge removal conjecture holds. Here, the edge removal conjecture states that removing an edge of negligible capacity from a network does not change its capacity region. One of the key challenges in network coding research is how to handle networks containing cycles. As a result, many papers on network coding restrict attention to acyclic networks and some results derived for acyclic networks do not extend to networks containing cycles. We consider a streaming model for network communication where information is streamed to its destination under a constraint on maximal delay at the decoder. Restricting our attention to this scenario enables us to prove a code reduction from network coding to index coding in both acyclic and cyclic networks. Since index coding networks are acyclic, a consequence of this reduction is that under the streaming model, there is no fundamental difference between acyclic and cyclic networks.


1 Stroke bears colossal neurological disease burden, as evidenced by emerging and expansive epidemiological literature. Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide, preceded only by ischemic heart disease, and the third most common cause of disability.[1] In India, the Indian Global Burden of Disease Study 1990‐‐2019 estimated that stroke was the largest contributor to disability adjusted life years (DALYs), and a chief contributor to deaths caused by neurological disorders.[2] The total neurological disorder DALYs contributed by stroke was determined to be 37.9% [95% uncertainty interval 29.9‐‐46.1]. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 indicated that the vast proportion of stroke burden is borne by low and middle‐income countries, with the age standardized death rates and DALYs being four times higher in World Bank low‐income countries.[1]


The evaluation of the significance of a chemical transformation addresses many factors, including such important characteristics as the number of chemical bonds formed in one step, the reaction time, labour intensity, the cost of reactants and catalysts and so on. The amount of waste produced in the reaction has also gained increasing importance in recent years. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) occupy a special place as a synthetic tool in modern organic chemistry. These reactions allow the synthesis of target products with complex structures, minimizing labour costs. This review summarizes the literature on multicomponent reactions involving five or more components. The data in the review are classified according to the number of reactants participating in the reaction and the types of reactions. It is worth noting that in some cases, these transformations can be a part of a domino process, making this classification difficult, if not impossible. The structural diversity of the reaction products greatly increases with increasing number of components involved in the MCR, which becomes virtually unlimited when using combinations of MCRs. This review highlights the main trends of past decades in the field of MCRs. The last two decades have witnessed an explosive growth in the number of publications in this area of chemistry. The bibliography includes 309 references.


Isopullulanase (IPU) from Aspergillus niger ATCC 9642 is a cell-bound glycoprotein that hydrolyzes pullulan into isopanose. The sugar content of the recombinant enzyme expressed in Aspergillus oryzae M-2-3 decreased from 33.8 to 2.1% by 13 h-treatment with endoglycosidase H (Endo H), and deglycosylated rec-IPU had 65% of the original activity. 3 Deg-IPU (prepared by 3 h-treatment of Endo H; 6.8% sugar) showed the same substrate specificities, optimum pH and optimum temperature as native IPU and rec-IPU, while its kinetic parameters, ko and ko/Km values for pullulan, and Km, ko and ko/Km values for panose decreased with deglycosylation, except Km for pullulan. The oligosaccharide chains of rec-IPU were typed using lectin-peroxidase reagents and classified as hybrid- and/or high-mannose types.


Perfect sequence (PS) is the sequence with zero autocorrelation at all the non-zero phase-shifts and (M, L)-almost perfect sequence (APS) is the sequence of period L that has zero autocorrelation except for M non-zero phase-shifts. In this paper, we propose a $\left( {\frac{{q - 1}}{d} - 1,\frac{{{q^n} - 1}}{d}} \right)$-APS family with set size $\frac{{q - 1}}{d} - 1$ constructed from relative difference sets for prime power q and divisor d of q − 1. We further prove that the proposed family has perfect crosscorrelation.


Results in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics.- The Construction of Fields.- Canonical Quantization.- Commutators and Propagators.- Interactions and the S-matrix.- The Electromagnetic Field.- Examples of Scattering Processes.- Functional Integral Representations.- Renormalization.- Gauge Theories.- Symmetry.- Spontaneous symmetry breaking.- Anomalies I.- Elements of differential geometry.- Path Integrals.- The Configuration Space in Nonabelian Gauge Theory.- Anomalies II.- Finite temperature and density.- Gauge theory: Nonperturbative questions.- Elements of Geometric Quantization.


Bright silver coating on inner wall of reduction furnace with 316 Lstainless steel was prepared from nicotinic acid system.Electrodeposition performance and corrosion resistance of the coating were studied in electrochemical workstation.The reflectivity of the coating was tested by heat reflectivity measuring instrument and phase composition was characterized by XRD.Effects of concentration of nicotine acid on the properties of the silver coating were studied.The results showed that,with the increase of nicotinic acid concentration,the potential of electroplatng and crystal size decreased.Preferred orientation of silver coating was different with the different concentration.The coating corrosion resistance and heat reflectivity dropped.In addition,there was no obvious effect of the concentration on the brightness of the silver coating.Compared with stainless steel,the heat reflectivity of silver coating is correlated to the material.In sum,bright silver plating with high corrosion resistance could be achieved by the silver plating system.Key words:


ObjectiveTo study the significance of a cholinergic drug carbachol on the levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in ischemia-reperfusion rat plasma.MethodsAdult male Wister rats were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection sodium pentobarbital.The proximal part of superior mesenteric artery was occluded with artery clip.After 60 minutes,the clip was removed to restore mesenteric blood flow,and intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury model was made.Animals were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group was intramuscularly injected with carbachol(0.1 mg/kg) 30 minutes after occlusion and 30 minutes after reperfusion,respectively,while the control group was injected normal saline.Plasma TNF-α and IL-6 were measured at different time points after occlusion.ResultsAt different time points,TNF-α and IL-6 decreased in both groups,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups.ConclusionCarbachol inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine production induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats,helps to reduce systemic inflammatory response caused by ischemia-reperfusion.


Photochromic diarylethenes bearing an intramolecular hydrogen bond in bridge moiety have been prepared. It is found that intramolecular hydrogen bonding has a great effect on both absorption and fluorescence of diarylethenes. The color change of diarylethenes in a wide range (purple, blue and green) can be achieved by simple modification of the electronic properties of substituents in bridge moiety, and fluorescent diarylethenes are also obtained when diarylethenes bear an intramolecular hydrogen bond in bridge moiety. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


There is nothing more difficult to plan, more Doubtful of success, nor more dangerous to manage Than the creation of a new system. For the initiator has the enmity of all who would Profit by the preservation of the old system, and Merely lukewarm defenders in those who should gain By the new one. N. Machiavelli (1513) Introduction In the mainstream economics the notion of "human capital" is a rather established one. Indeed, OECD provides the most complete definition as "all the attributes embodied in individuals that are relevant to economic activity" (OECD 1998). In spite of the fact there have been attempts within the mainstream literature to define the concept of "human capital" in a more sophisticated way, the literature in this area still thinks of "human capital" as the equivalent of physical capital, forgetting that even though there are some similarities between the two, the process of accumulation of knowledge is quite different from the process of accumulation of physical equipment. The purpose of this paper is therefore twofold. First, we want to challenge the notion of "human capital" as "education, training and working experience" and suggest that it is the quality of the workforce that matters, defined as the set of capabilities that allow workers to function in a specific institutional and historical context. In other words, we suggest that the decision-making process that is behind the accumulation of human capital at an aggregate level (as it is described by mainstream economics) does not take into account the fact that individuals when deciding whether or not to invest in knowledge respond to the incentives provided by the institutional context. On the contrary, the expression "quality of the workforce" conveys the very basic idea that the capabilities a worker is endowed with are contextual to the environment (s)he is in. For example, a worker living today in a democracy cannot have the same characteristics of a "quality worker" living 50 years ago in a dictatorship. To support our argument we will use insights from both the Institutional and Evolutionary Economics; more specifically we will consider the work of Commons, Veblen, Ayres and of some more recent Institutionalists such as Hodgson, Lee and Muerga. The advantage of using this theoretical framework is that Institutional economists examine economic activity using simply what Frederic Lee (2002: 790) calls "common sense." (1) Our main conclusion is that the quality of the workforce is affected by the institutional environment where the workers live and that therefore it can vary across countries and institutional contexts. Second, we want to show the empirical relevance of this last point by testing the extent to which the quality of institutions can affect the quality of the workforce, in our paper we consider the quality of the workforce to be a special type of active citizenship as defined by the European Commission (2002: 4); in other words, an active citizen is an individual who can contribute to all the aspects of social life and is also capable to find the right job and to make the necessary investments in education and training. Our proxy for the quality of the workforce is the country-level percentage of individuals involved in a lifelong learning program. Indicators of institutional qualities are sourced from the well-known Kaufmann et al. (2007) data-set on the quality of governance. Our empirical analysis is conducted on a data-set of 11 European countries observed over 1996-2006. The results confirm that institutional quality has an impact on the quality of the workforce as countries with better quality institutions are also the ones with the quality workforce. The paper is organized as follows. The next section reviews the institutional economics literature on human capital and knowledge. This is followed by an examination of the concept of quality of workforce and its relationship with active citizenship. …


In our paper, we present a computational morphology for Old and Middle Hungarian used in two research projects that aim at creating morphologically annotated corpora of Old and Middle Hungarian. In addition, we present the web-based disambiguation tool used in the semi-automatic disambiguation of the annotations and the structured corpus query tool that has a unique but very useful feature of making corrections to the annotation in the query results possible.


This dissertation endeavours to cull out the subjectivity of the African female, which has been scarcely researched, as framed in the novels of the contemporary Nigerian writer, Buchi Emecheta. Since women are the traditional repositories of culture, their sociological ambience is sketched out along with their projection in literature. Their subject positions are traced within theoretical parameters converging on the specifically African concept of  ̳womanism'. Here we find that the multifaceted figures of oppression acting upon the Third World women in terms of race/class/gender are cumulative in determining her existence. This study is an analysis of the three phases in the development of the woman of Africa historically the precolonial, postcolonial and immigrant periods. Emecheta could be read as the womanist voice of the Nigerian scenario based on the transformation in the psyche of the women portrayed in her works. Whereas the precolonial women in her writing end as martyrs at the altar of patriarchal hegemony, the second phase of her writing expounds the feminist rebellion of the postcolonial African women who question the status quo. The protagonists of the final category epitomise the hybridized generation for whom alienation has given way to the outlook that the  ̳world is her oyster'. This womanist study is also an investigation into the less acknowledged fact that the African woman did not attain liberation as a western bequest, but that it is as essentialised nature ingrained into her down the ages. Though doubly marginalized as subaltern female, the woman of Africa is gaining a distinct voice and agency.


In the last decade of the 19th century, the outcome of the clash between the miners and the Black Diamond Coal Company in the western mountain community of Mansfield appeared preordained. A labor force that had once numbered about 2500, composed of white men, mostly American, Welsh, Irish, and Canadian, had seen its ranks reduced by unemployment; those still employed endured repeated wage cuts (wages had been reduced by 25% in just over a year), which made it a struggle for "many a miner's family to exist." In an earlier bout of labor conflict, employers' reliance upon militiamen and Italian strikebreakers led to a decisive defeat for the miners' unions. Now, once again on strike, miners found themselves evicted from their company-owned homes and threatened by "[A]ctual starvation." With strikers reportedly in an "ugly mood," an outbreak of violence was only a matter of time.


We collected data on temperature, salinity, nutrient concentrations (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and silicic acid), and phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a, particulate carbon, nitrogen, and biogenic silica) in the upper 150 m in the marginal ice zone of the eastern Scotia Sea and northwestern Weddell Sea during November and early December of 1983. A distinct hydrographic front separating Drake Passage water from Weddell and Scotia sea surface waters was located at approximately 59°S and was the site of a consistent maximum in phytoplankton biomass. In addition, there was a pronounced phytoplankton biomass maximum associated with a surface salinity minimum near the northern limit of pack ice in the waters of the Weddell-Scotia confluence that characterized the western portion of the study area. In the eastern half of the study area, characterized by largely unmodified Weddell Sea surface water, the phytoplankton biomass near the ice edge was 2–5 times lower than that in the Weddell-Scotia confluence but was increasing with time. The water column structure, nutrient fields, and phytoplankton biomass distribution all suggest that the high phytoplankton biomass in the ice edge zone of the Weddell-Scotia confluence and the lower but temporally increasing biomass near the ice edge in unmodified Weddell Sea water reflect ice edge phytoplankton blooms in different stages of their seasonal development. A bloom had become well established in the waters of the Weddell-Scotia confluence by mid-November, but the ice-free, vertically stable near-surface water column necessary for enhanced phytoplankton growth had apparently not been present long enough for high biomass levels to develop within the Weddell Sea proper.


Dynamic computer simulations seek to engage the viewer by providing an intuitive representational mapping of common knowledge features to new knowledge concepts. Our research aims to provide enhanced understanding of complex systems through participatory interaction with our dynamic simulation models. Previous research has indicated that virtual and tangible models are well suited for use in informal education spaces, as they increase user interaction and curiosity amongst children and adults. We designed and implemented an interactive virtual environment as well as an interactive tangible "water computer" to represent the complex interspecies behavior of Lotka-Volterra predator-prey dynamic system. We designed our simulation models for use in informal STEM education settings, with a design focus on enhanced interactions and reflexive thinking.


The feasibility of using the Cyberlink hands-free computer controller as an access solution for individuals with disabilities was investigated. Specific questions evaluated were: (1) Can the Cyberlink be used as a computer access solution for individuals with no other documented means of computer access? (2) Can Cyberlink control be made more accurate and reliable through the use of machine learning and adaptive control techniques? Clinical trials were started with thirty-two participants of varying ages and disabilities. Each participant had been unable to access technology due to physical limitations. Twentyfive of the 32 participants were able to exhibit some form of conscious computer control with the Cyberlink and participated in the complete clinical trial design. Trials consisted of two tasks designed to measure response times and the ability to move a cursor to a target using the Cyberlink. Each task was completed by the participant a minimum of three times. History and performance data were collected and analyzed using Cyberlink software developed specifically for these tasks. Data was also obtained using questionnaires, videotapes and observation. Single trial test results indicate it is possible to recognize and discriminate participant actions using a window of time history to better recognize changes in response patterns. These findings indicate time series analysis of the data can be effective in distinguishing intended user response from background signal activity. In many cases, this permitted the recognition of the participant's intention at an earlier time than a simple threshold crossing rule. This suggests implementing an adaptive control based upon time series analysis will be advantageous.


The housing land is important material to the survival of rural residents,the use right is the legal form for its use. Whether the land can be transfered,there exist different points of view in academic circles. With the deepening of the rural economic system reform,the transfer of land use right has being simmering. Our country should conform to the development of the times,construct the circulation system of housing land use right.


Between the years 1800 and 1900, Dante's Ugolino appeared at Paris state-sponsored art exhibitions ("the Salon") and universal expositions twenty-nine times in the form of painting, sculpture, and engraving, and was the subject of countless experimental works which were not exhibited. It was, in fact, the Ugolino subject that first introduced Dante's writings as source for Salon art. The Ugolino narrative, as demonstrated by its primacy as subject of art in the Salon and the relatively large number of works produced in the nineteenth century, was of considerable interest for French artists; a phenomenon even more compelling due to the longevity of its popularity and the broad range of artists and movements involved. The first proponents of the Ugolino subject, and thus of Dante and his writings as subject/source for art in France, were students of the Neoclassicist painter JacquesLouis David (1748-1825). Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (1767-1824) and AntoineJean Gros (1771-1835) were among the most influential artists of their time whose interest in Dante carried on through the work of their own students in the nineteenth century; Louis Gauffier (1762-1801) and Fortuné Dufau (1770-1821) are less-known to posterity but are significant in that they were, respectively, the first of the group to take up the subject of Ugolino and the first to take a work to completion. These four men had in common a number of years' stay in Italy for furtherance of their artistic education in a highly specialized instance of the Grand Tour typical of elite cultural initiation and exchange of the period. It was there, primarily in Rome, that their interest in Dante was first stimulated through interaction with an extensive pan-European community of artists, patrons, and critics where, in this instance, the influence of Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792), Henry Fuseli (1741-1825), and John Flaxman (17551826) was paramount. Experimentation with Dante as source for art explored through interpretation of the Ugolino narrative of Inferno 32 and 33 occurred Nineteenth-Century Contexts, 2013 Vol. 35, No. 4, 399–417, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08905495.2013.822689


The development of enzymes capable of mediating abiological reactions offers new opportunities for sustainable chemistry. Here we report the development of biological catalysts derived from sperm whale myoglobin that exploit a carbene transfer mechanism for the asymmetric synthesis of cyclopropane-fused-δ-lactones, which are key structural motifs found in many biologically active natural products. While hemin, wild-type myoglobin, and other hemoproteins are unable to catalyze this reaction, the myoglobin scaffold could be remodeled by protein engineering to permit the intramolecular cyclopropanation of a broad spectrum of homoallylic diazoacetate substrates in high yields and with up to 99% enantiomeric excess. Through an alternate evolutionary trajectory, a stereodivergent biocatalyst was also obtained for affording mirror-image forms of the desired bicyclic products. In combination with whole-cell transformations, the myoglobin-based biocatalyst was readily applied to enable the asymmetric construction of a cyclopropyl-δ-lactone scaffold at a gram scale. The enzymatic product could be further elaborated to furnish a variety of enantiopure trisubstituted cyclopropanes.


Motivation research has become an innovative and frontier aspect of the current linguistics research fields.The linguistic motivation theory and methodology can be applied to analyze the phenomenon of the Internet new words.In this paper,based on the whole collecting and exact defining of the Internet new words,the consideration of inside-word motivation has been carried out from phonetic,lexical and grammatical aspects.Furthermore,the consideration of outside-word motivation from social psychological direction concerning deconstruction,inclusion,mimicingthe followers,participation,simplification and so on has also been carried out.This research has brought an innovative perspective and the method for the Internet new words research.


The invention provides a single cap type polygonal front longitudinal beam. The single cap type polygonal front longitudinal beam comprises a main side plate and a polygonal plate, wherein the main side plate and the polygonal plate define a closed polygonal cavity. The single cap type polygonal front longitudinal beam has the benefits as follows: with the adoption of novel polygonal section design, the unstable deformation form of a conventional sectional front longitudinal beam is effectively relieved, the section form of the front longitudinal beam is changed, under the condition of the same material and quality, safety collision and energy absorption requirements of the front longitudinal beam are effectively met, the crushing force and the energy absorption index are effectively increased, and the lightweight requirement of a car body is met.


Friction stir welding (FSW) is a type of joining process, it uses solid state welding method, also it is widely used in same type and different types of welding like Al, Mg, Cu, Ti, and their alloys. In this study, friction stir welding of two aluminum alloys AA6082 is done with many sets of tool rotation speed, feed and axial force. In this experimental work FSW process was carried out for AA 6082 and optimization of that FSW process parameters were find out for maximum tensile strength values. Taguchi's L4 orthogonal array was utilized for three parameters – tool rotational speed (TRS), traverse speed (TS), and axial force (AXF) with two levels. Several optimization was carried out with Taguchi method of grey relational tests. During the investigation obtained highest tensile strength value fourth sample 60.887 N/mm and lowest hardness strength value second sample 31HRB and bead appearance found very best surface occurred fourth test plates at the same time angle distortion observed very fine in the fourth test plate. The result was calculated for both ultimate tensile strength and hardness value. The expected grey relational grade was shifted from 0.704 to 0.792, it was the highest value received throughout this experimental results. It was mentioned that the multi-responses of FSW process was improved with this method.


Waste cooking oils are problematic disposal especially in the developed countries. In this paper, waste cooking oil is used as raw material to produce foam. The purpose of the study is to develop the high density solid biopolymer foam (HDB) by using hot compression moulding technique based on flexible and rigid crosslinking agents. Physical properties such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and vibration characteristics have been studied via vibration transmissibility test according to ASTM D3580-95 standard. By using the linear vibration theory with single degree of freedom, the resonance frequency of vibration transmissibility and damping ratios of HDB foam at variation excitation are acquired. The results show that HDB flexible foam gives higher damping ratio to absorb vibration. The different thicknesses were examined during the fabrication of (HDB) to measure the vibration property. The decreasing of HDB flexible foam thickness gives increasing of the damping ratio up to 36%.


The review and analysis of the documentary film 'Molly and Mobarak' directed by Tom Zubrycki is discussed. Some of the unique aspects of the documentary and what it attempts to portray are highlighted.


Based on a materialistic Discourse Analysis in the interface with authors such as Freud and Derrida, this article aims to contribute to studies on the discursive relations engendered in the city, seeking to understand how established and new residents represent the city from the implantation of UFSCar Lagoa do Sino. The assumption is that the city is a material place in which discursive processes (clashes, struggles, empathy etc.) are produced. The hypothesis is that there is an imaginary division between the city and its established inhabitants, on the one hand, and the university and the new residents, on the other, resulting in gestures of hostility and disgust among the subjects. The corpus consists of four interviews done with two established residents and two new residents. The result pointed out that, although there is an attempt at segregation, there are loopholes for possible changes in position, which allows a space for conviviality and relations between the self-other in the city.