Effective patient counseling makes the patient understand his/her illness, necessary lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy in a better way and thus enhance patient compliance. The pharmacist has immense responsibility in counseling the patients. The counseling pharmacist should possess adequate knowledge and should be an effective communicator, making use of the verbal and non-verbal communication skills. The act of assisting a client in seeing everything clearly, potentially from a unique perspective. This might assist the client in focusing on feelings, experiences, or behaviour with the goal of achieving positive change and establishing a trusting connection. Confidentiality is essential for successful counselling.


Many kinds of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been developed for a few decades and some of them are now in operational use. Although each UAV as well as a piloted aircraft might have restrictions to execute some tasks simultaneously or to carry some payloads, one with an automatic chase aircraft might have the potential of multi-capabilities to conduct a variety of missions or to carry more storages. This paper introduces a chase UAV control system to enhance a leader (reference) aircraft capability which has storage restriction. The automatic chase guidance and control system will be introduced with the pure pursuit guidance law combined with relative velocity error corrections, and a dynamic inversion technique in order to generate the guidance forces.


Panic disorder often is referred to as one of the most impairing psychological disorders to affect adolescents, and if left untreated, it can detrimentally impact an adolescent's developmental trajectory and increase their risk for other mental health disorders. Treating panic disorder at its earliest stages is critical. Fortunately, the development and testing of psychological treatment protocols for panic disorder in adolescence has progressed meaningfully. For patients to receive maximum benefit from a manual-based therapy for adolescent panic, it is necessary for therapists not only to deliver its core therapeutic components, but also to recognize the importance of a flexible, patient-focused delivery. We provide a description of each of the core treatment components required to maintain fidelity when treating adolescent panic, as well as components or variations that are considered "optional" depending on the patient's needs. We review data on important factors that should be considered as well as how information about these factors can inform the flexible implementation and improve outcome. Together, knowledge from empirical studies on panic disorder combined with careful consideration of how to be flexible provide guidance for delivering a treatment for adolescent panic.


1978 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology. Published by Sage in cooperation with the Society, the book at once helps to legitimize the topic of biology and crime within the discipline and marks in a significant way the revival of interest in psychobiological factors. It is also, no doubt, something of a personal triumph for its editor, C. Ray Jeffery, immediate past President of the ASC, and an outspoken but lonely advocate of interdisciplinary research for many years. With the appearance of this volume, and Len Hippchen's anthology two years ago (Ecological-Biochemical Approaches to Treatment of Delinquents and Criminals, Van Nostrand), it is no longer acceptable to deride biosocial criminology as &dquo;neo-Lombrosian&dquo; or to


A new design is proposed for the development of full-order controllers for induction motors based on indirect orientation of rotor or stator flux. In both cases, the design procedure is based on the passivity approach. The output-feedback controllers proposed permit to achieve global exponential speed and flux tracking in presence of unknown load torque. In addition, they ensure asymptotic decoupling of mechanical and electrical dynamics and asymptotic linearization of the speed subsystem It is shown that strict passivity of the electrical subsystem can be achieved without adding nonlinear damping terms depending on the mechanical speed, in both of the cases considered (rotor and stator flux orientation). About the case of stator flux orientation, for first time, the full-order speed and stator-flux tracking control problem is solved with true asymptotic decoupling between electrical and mechanical dynamics.


As the litho hotspot detection runtime is currently in a continuous increase with sub-10nm technology nodes due to the increase of the design and process complexity, new methods and approaches are needed to improve the runtime while guaranteeing high accuracy rate. Machine-Learning Fast LFD (ML-FLFD) is a new flow that uses a specialized machine learning technique to provide fast and accurate litho hotspot detection. This methodology is based on having input data to train the machine learning model during the model preparation phase. Current ML-FLFD techniques depend on collecting hotspots (HS) and Non hotspots (NHS) data from the drawn layer in order to train the model. In this paper, we present a new technique where we use the retarget data to train the machine learning model instead of using the drawn hotspot data. Using retargeting data is getting one step closer to the actual printed contours which gives a better insight about the hotspots of the manufactured wires during the machine learning model training step. The effect of using closer data to the printed contours will be reflected on both the accuracy and the extra rate which will reduce simulation area. In the different sections of this paper, we will compare the new approach of using retarget data as a ML input to the current technique of using drawn data. Pros and cons of the two approaches will be listed in details including the experimental results of hotspot accuracy and litho simulation area.


Louise Erdrich's children's novels "count coup" on previous attempts to render American Indian life, especially those found in beloved books by Laura Ingalls Wilder and others. Through intertextual connections, she revisions stereotypical images of American Indians that have, until more recently, pervaded children's literature. Analyzing Erdrich's novels within the framework of Catherine Rainwater's counting coup paradigm suggests a way to negotiate the problems posed by classic texts rather than eradicate them altogether, allowing American Indian texts to triumph over the problematic images while celebrating more culturally-sensitive depictions, thus finding a place alongside of, not just in response to, canonical children's texts.


Stem-maps, maps of tree locations with optional associated measurements, are increasingly being used for ecological study in forest and plant sciences. Analyses of stem-map data have led to greater scientific understanding and improved forest management. However, availability of these data for reuse remains limited. We present a description of eight 4-ha stem-maps used in four prior research studies. These stem-maps contain locations and associated measurements of residual trees and stumps measured after forest restoration cuttings in Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Data are published in two file formats to facilitate reuse.


In order to establish the evaluation system for comprehensive quality of department leaders in higher vocational colleges,this paper constructs the multilevel evaluation targets from such respects as ideological quality,administrative quality,professional quality,double qualification quality and body-mind quality,defines their relative weights by AHP(analytic hierarchy process) and fulfill by hierarchy from below the evaluation data processing with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model,so as to completely acquire every aspect of the information on comprehensive quality of the evaluated objects.The results reveal that the evaluation system with the combination of AHP and fuzzy evaluation is simple and easy to apply,and the evaluation information is fairly perfect and equitable.


On refluxing with a catalytic amount of toluene-p-sulphonic acid in acetone 3,20-bisethylenedioxy-9,11-seco-C-nor-5α-pregnane-9β,11-diol (1) cyclized to give 11-oxa-5α,17α-pregnane-3,20-diene (2), via the transient formation of a hemiacetal.


Between 25% and 50% of clinical trials remain unpublished, sometimes years after completion. The role of academic centers in promoting regular and high quality publications of clinical trials is critical. The objective of this study was to determine rates of publication and reporting of results within 2 yr for all completed clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov across leading academic medical centers in the United States. Among the 4,347 interventional clinical trials across 51 academic medical centers identified between October 2007 and September 2010, only 1,005 (23%) enrolled more than 100 patients, and 1,216 (28%) were double blind. The proportion of clinical trials published within 24 months of study completion ranged from 10.8% (4/37) to 40.3% (31/77), which is a modest and heterogeneous performance for medical U.S. academic centers. (Summary: J. Mantz. Image: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home.)


The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is currently a widespread disease in all countries of the world. The adult population is predominantly involved in the epidemic process. In children, the disease proceeds, as a rule, in asymptomatic, mild and moderate forms. However, severe forms of the disease with the development of adverse outcomes are possible. Severe forms of infection are more likely to develop in children under the age of 1 year and older than 12 years. The risk group for a non-smooth course and adverse outcomes are children with concomitant diseases: genetic, neurological, metabolic disorders, congenital heart defects, obesity, diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma and other chronic lung diseases, sickle cell anemia, oncopathology, immunodeficiency states. At present, various types of vaccines are used for specific prevention in the world: based on M-RNA technologies, vectorial, inactivated. These vaccines are effective and safe in reducing the burden of disease in eligible adolescents. Despite the emergence of new strains of circulating viruses, vaccines continue to be effective in preventing severe infections, hospitalization and death.


In this paper, we examine the asymptotic periodicity of the solutions of some second-order differential inclusions on associated with maximal monotone operators in a Hilbert space , whose forcing terms are periodic functions perturbed by functions from . It is worth pointing out that strong solutions do not exist in general, so we need to consider weak solutions for this class of evolution inclusions. Similar second-order difference inclusions are also addressed. Our main results on asymptotic periodicity represent significant extensions of the previous theorems proved by R.E. Bruck (1980) and B. Djafari Rouhani (2012).


In this paper, we present some aspects of a recent application of proof mining by J.Avigad, H.Towsner and the author. In this case study, we analysed a proof of the Mean Ergodic Theorem and obtained a computable rate of convergence for the ergodic averages. Proof mining generally falls into two main categories: Establishing general metatheorems that classify theorems and proofs from which additional information may be extracted and carrying out case studies. The aim of presenting aspects of a proof analysis in detail in this paper is to illustrate how the general logical results and the techniques they rely on translate into a proof analysis in practice.


Junk DNA or Transposable elements is no more selfish. TE's have potential to enhance their ability in their own evolution. The relationships between TEs and host genomes are highly variable. TE's have the capacity to move, amplify and accumulate in invaded genomes and thus represent the major force in restructuring host genes and genomes during evolution.


The US Department of Energy sponsored five student interns from the University of California, Riverside, College of Engineering to work during the summer of 1996 at the Solar Two Energy facility in the Mojave Desert. Through the DOE intern program, engineering students supported the Solar Two Project under the supervision of engineers from Southern California Edison. The prime purpose was to provide outreach and educational support for expanding interactions with university students to increase awareness of careers in renewable energy and energy efficiency fields. The College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT) coordinated this project. CE-CERT is primarily a research facility focusing on air pollution and energy efficiency. CE-CERT serves undergraduate and graduate students by employing them on research projects, supporting them in the research and experimentation required for Senior Design Projects, and sponsoring them in student engineering competitions.


Due to therarity of multiple primary synhronous malignancies, the correct and concurring data on their incindence are extremely difficult to find. reccent studies point to renal cell carcinoma as a tumor showing most prominent association with other types of simultaneous or metachronous primary carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of multiple primary adenocarcinomas of the kidney, prostate and urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with primary sigmoid adenocarcinoma and colostomic metastasis analyzed for p53 loss of heterozygosity.


PurposeThis paper explores how the tension between a firm's CEO overconfidence feature and externally observable hubris attribute may determine the level of corporate sustainability performance. This work also contemplates the impact of the moderator "corporate governance practices."Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a sample of 658 firm-year-observations using a sample of European real estate firms indexed on Stoxx Europe 600 Index from 2006 to 2019. To test the developed hypotheses, feasible generalized least square (FGLS) regression is applied.FindingsFindings suggest that a good corporate governance score strengthens the positive effect of the psychological bias (CEO overconfidence) on corporate sustainability performance while it fails to attenuate the negative effect of the cognitive bias (CEO hubris).Research limitations/implicationsThe research provides an overview of the impact of CEO personality traits on the corporate sustainability performance level in the European real estate sup-sector. As corporate governance can have a major impact to control these traits, the authors recommend European real estate companies to improve their corporate governance practices.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existent literature this gap with two empirical novelties: (1) providing a novel insight into sustainability involvement using a sample of European real estate sup-sector and (2) investigating the moderating effect on the link between CEO psychological and cognitive biases and sustainability performance. This study provides empirical evidence that entrenchment problems arising from CEO hubris would not be mitigated by a good corporate governance practice.


This paper studies the statistical performances of multi-break circuit-breakers. For the thermal reignition regime, a formal proof is given of the fact that under certain conditions (explicitly derived) the overall performance of a multi-break breaker is better than that expected from a proportional extrapolation of the results from a single break. For the dielectric regime, it is shown that the hitherto published formulas are conservative in the sense that they overestimate failure probabilities. Using these formulas, graphs are given which compare the failure probabilities of a four-break breaker in the dielectric regime with that of a single break under certain given fractions of the stress on the complete pole. Some general results of a statistical nature relating complete circuit breaker failure probabilities in the dielectric regime to a single break failure probability are also given.


A hot pepper paste for raw fish is provided to have a high nutritional value, a good color, a sweet taste, a sour taste, and a savory taste, cause no degradation during long-term storage, and neutralize alcohol poisoning rapidly. A method for manufacturing hot pepper paste for raw fish includes the steps of: mixing 30g of hot pepper powder, 70g of not-hot pepper powder, 10g of starch syrup, 10g of glutinous rice flour, 20g of rice flour, 50g of wheat flour, 10g of fermented soybean powder, 100g of licorice powder, 30g of powder of Cassia obtusifolia L., 50g of powder of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge, 40g of malt flour, and 40g of powder of Amomum xanthoides with a proper amount of a purified salt solution, and aging the mixture at 25 °C or higher for six months or more to obtain a first material; mixing the first material with a second material comprising 20g of powder of Cassia obtusifolia L., 20g of licorice powder, 20g of powder of Lycium chinense Miller., 40g of sea tangle powder, 60g of dried pollack powder, 20g of powder of Raphanus sativus L., 40g of arrowroot powder, and 60g of fruit powder of Hovenia dulcis together with 50 cc of brown rice vinegar, and aging the mixture at 25 °C or higher for four months or more to obtain an aged material; and mixing the aged material with a third material comprising 40g of green tea powder, 20g of balloonflower powder, 20g of powder of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner, 20g of powder of Euryale ferox, 20g of powder of Raphanus sativus L., 30g of ginger juice, 50g of garlic juice, and 60g of Chungyang pepper powder, and aging the mixture at 25 °C or higher for two months or more.


This article analyzes the specifics of trade in the period of the socialist economy, trying to replace trade distribution system, the search for new organizational forms of supply of the population, the need for a new economic policy.


Low-intensity conflict and insurgency are not only the most prevalent emerging threats globally but they are also those most likely to shape the world construct over the next decade and beyond. As one considers how to deal with such conflicts, it should be highlighted that many of the world's unstable areas most likely to be affected by insurgency are located in coastal nations. Consequently, the extensive experience of the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) in conducting littoral missions, coupled with that service's duality as both a military and a law-enforcement force, should make the USCG a logical choice as a key component of counterinsurgency (COIN) operations. However, its capabilities in that capacity have been seriously underappreciated and underutilized. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] COIN operations require a full spectrum of forces to address the numerous aspects associated with battling an insurgency and supporting a host-nation (HN) government in its efforts to achieve security and stability. The four military branches residing in the Department of Defense (DOD) have an entrenched role in COIN, both in academic and operational constructs. However, a vital asset is often overlooked: using the USCG during a COIN operation to complement DOD forces. COIN involves employing elements of "soft power" (persuasion without force or coercion), engaging with HN personnel, and building security forces suited for missions that often include law enforcement and border control. The USCG habitually performs in these areas as it conducts its primary missions. Additionally, the USCG has a history of overseas engagements in which its unique capabilities--those not found within other branches of the military--were leveraged. Examples include port security and management of navigation aids in Iraq, instruction in countersmuggling and fisheries enforcement measures in Latin America and Africa, and liaison with partner nations whose maritime missions are more closely aligned with the USCG than the U.S. Navy. For these reasons, the USCG should be brought more closely into the "COIN fold," thereby increasing its operational tempo with regard to supporting nations against insurgents, as deemed necessary by U.S. government policy. This is already occurring at some levels, but at a rate that, basically, amounts to window dressing. The USCG is often underutilized, in part because of misperceptions about its deployability and its blue-water capabilities, as well as inherent "inside-the-box" thinking on the part of strategic leadership that does not allow consideration of the smallest armed service as a COIN asset. Simple security principles dictate that we should address threats at a distance, vice allowing them to come into the homeland. Hence, we should push our borders out, and in this case, our coasts. By leveraging the USCG as a COIN asset, we can effectively enable partner nations to exert more control over their own waters, create linkages between U.S. and HN military services, and gain information on the operational capacity and capabilities of our partners. Elements of COIN strategy have specific applicability to USCG mission sets, and there are particular areas in which the USCG is better suited than the DOD for such tasking. This includes securing maritime borders, meshing of law enforcement and defense functions within a single service, and building relationships with the populace from a constabulary vice defense posture. Martin N. Murphy noted in Proceedings that today, "maritime insurgency presents a far greater challenge to world naval forces than random acts of terrorism at sea." (1 )This challenge must be addressed, not simply through direct action, but by building, supporting, and establishing capable maritime security forces--a mission ready-made for the USCG. In large part, this is because the USCG's duality as a military and law enforcement organization gives it unique capabilities and insights not readily available within the DOD components. …


It is pointed out that engineering enrollments have moved up and down like a roller coaster for the last 20 years. The author examines the causes of shifts in engineering enrollments using several regression models. He finds that enrollments are very sensitive to comparative starting salaries, but not to shifts in national averages of math SAT scores or a variable that measures freshman interest in science. Along the way, he discovers that despite huge increases in engineering graduates and shifts in the structure of the US economy, engineering starting salaries remained high and the market for engineering graduates good.<<ETX>>


It has long been accepted that ceramic materials can play an important part in ballistic protection. Their relatively low density, high hardness and compressive strength in comparison to other armor materials make them ideal candidates for appliquŽ armor systems. The Ž rst real use of ceramic armor technology was in US helicopters in the 1960s. Low level sorties in the jungle of Vietnam had made the helicopter and crew vulnerable to small arms Ž re. Hence, in 1965 the Ž rst ceramic-based aircrew protection vest went into production. In 1966, the Ž rst monolithic boron carbide vest was issued along with other improvements to the protection of the crew using parasitic airframemounted armor panels. In 1967, the integrally armored helicopter seat was developed and by placing the ceramic tiles closer to the crew the area and weight of armor required for crew protection was minimized. Ceramics have since been used in many civil and military applications where protection is required. These have included protective vests for the police force, parasitic armor for helicopters, transport aircraft, trucks, troop carriers, light tanks, hovercrafts and main battle tanks (MBTs). But what about the future? How will the market for ceramic armor technology change over the next twenty years? To understand these future market dynamics demands an appreciation of the mutuality of interactions of a number of disparate factors, ranging from the quantiŽ able (such as armor performance metrics) to the subjective and inherently qualitative (such as the extent of international collaboration). The management literature reports on a number of styles of approach to such problems, including pure futures analysis methods such as scenario planning and methods based more upon understanding the inherent system behavior by explicit system modeling: often, but not always, on a qualitative basis. The former (futures tools) can often prove complicated and rarely Defense Analysis Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 53–72, 2000


Multicomplex Taylor series expansion (MCTSE) is a numerical method for calculating higher-order partial derivatives of a multivariable real- valued and complex-valued analytic function based on Taylor series expansion without subtraction cancelation errors. The implementation has been facili- tated using Cauchy-Riemann matrix representation of multicomplex variables. In this paper, we show steps for finding these matrices and, in addition, that the number of appearances of the k th derivatives follows the Pascal's triangle. Also, the situations where the MCTSE is not applicable is determined. Finally, we investigate the application of the method for complex-valued functions.


The power of fluorescence spectroscopy in the study of nucleic acids relies on the availability of hundreds of different fluorophores that span the visible spectrum of light and the possibility of using them to label oligonucleotides (short fragments of DNA or RNA obtained by chemical synthesis) specifically. Any sequence can be obtained with one or more fluorophores and fluorophore quenchers attached at preselected positions by linkages with suitable parameters to ensure the optimal properties for the fluorescent oligonucleotides. Fluorescent labeling of long DNA or RNA fragments is also possible by enzymatic methods. Fluorescence-based studies of nucleic acids are widely used in different areas such as basic research, molecular and clinical diagnostics, disease monitoring, therapeutic development, food technology, environmental sciences, and biotechnology. After a few words on biological and fluorescence backgrounds, the main labeling strategies will be developed and examples of biological questions that can be addressed with fluorescent oligonucleotides and the major types of fluorescence spectroscopy techniques will be reported.


In this study, gas turbine engine inlet duct was designed to satisfy uniform flow at aerodynamic interface plane (AIP). Haack-series was selected as nose cone profile and duct outer radius(ro) was designed to satisfy to match with area change rate between the nose cone and outer duct wall by the 1-D sizing. The design object of the inlet duct wall profile which has the gradual area change rate was uniform Mach number in the core flow region and minimum boundary later thickness at the both inner nose wall and outer duct wall. The flow characteristics inside the inlet duct was evaluated using CFD. The static pressure distribution at the AIP showed uniform pattern within 0.16%. Based on Mach number profile, the boundary layer thickness was 2% of channel height. Kiel temperature rake location was decided less than 100 mm in front of nose cone where the Mach number is less than 0.1 in order to maximize the temperature probe recovery rate.


Patients with commen bile duct stone underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy with subsequent stone extraction.This article discusses the general nursing care,psychological care and observation for complication during and after the procedure.It emphasize the importance of a thorough knowledge of the procedure and systemic medicine and surgery.


Introduction Prophetic inspiration is a mysterious and complex subject that has generated many discussions in Seventh-day Adventist circles over the years. Those discussions are largely due to the divine nature of inspiration and the human inability to fully grasp the supernatural inspiration process. William G. Johnsson suggests that "defining inspiration is like catching a rainbow. When we have put forth our best efforts, there will remain an elusive factor, an element of mystery."1 But this should not prevent us from recognizing that God's Word provides helpful knowledge of His mysterious communication process. While humbly admitting the limitations of our own reasoning, we should thoroughly study what the inspired writings actually say about themselves. In previous studies I have dealt with the historical development2 and the nature3 of inspiration from a Seventh-day Adventist perspective. This article provides some insight on the concept of divine accommodation and the cultural conditioning of the inspired writings with special emphasis on the interaction of those concepts. A better understanding of these


we focus on complications in endoscopy. In a paper from Denmark in 1978, Andersen and Clausen reported a study encompassing three important endoscopy topics: complications associated with endoscopy and the related themes of sedation and the outpatient setting [1]. We noticed first that the authors only focused on stomachrelated indications and pathologies (e. g. 23% gastritis, 17% gastric ulcer), and did not report any symptoms or diseases from the esophagus or the duodenum. At the time, the role of endoscopy was primarily gastric exploration, and it was only later that esophageal pathology was included as a major indication for endoscopy. This paper is also interesting in revealing that gastric exploration was conducted routinely with sideviewing endoscopes and that all gastroscopies were preceded by a barium meal examination, which nowadays is limited to very rare cases of dysmotility. Andersen and Clausen gathered data on the full range of complications, including tooth damage, which accounted for three of the seven reported complications in their study of 625 patients undergoing outpatient gastroscopy. Tooth damage is recorded by endoscopy units but is not usually reported in publications. Tooth damage is also observed during tracheal intubation performed for general anesthesia. The complication rate is quite low in this article and is mainly related to the patient's condition (pre-perforative ulcer and heart rhythm disorders). In addition to the numerical data collected by the authors, it is interesting that they extended their study to cover complications after endoscopy as well, issuing questionnaires to the 101 referring physicians in order to gather information on complaints reported by patients following endoscopy. In 1978, it was certainly novel to take into account delayed complications. However, this study did not focus on a precise delay and did not report the complications that occurred within 30 days of the procedure. Over the past 50 years, the topic of complications in digestive endoscopy has undergone four major evolutions. The first evolution has been an increase in the frequency of complications, owing to the development of interventional endoscopy. In particular, complications related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography have been found to be relatively frequent, severe, and sometimes fatal. More recently, morbidity is one of the major reasons for the slow emergence of endoscopic submucosal dissection in Western countries. The second major change has been improvement in the quality of data collection regarding complications, including quantification of the severity of complications. In a recently published statement [2], the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) recommends applying the same principles as those adopted by the airline industry and to have in place "...a process for capturing and reviewing adverse events to determine whether further improvements are required." All safety-related events, both expected and unexpected, should be identified. Another recent paper [3] suggests that the capture of side-effects can be incomplete even in clinical quality registers. It has also become possible to endoscopically treat complications during the same endoscopy session, whereas prior to these technical advancements the corrective treatment was almost exclusively surgical. The first such remedial endoscopic approach was hemostatic modalities to treat digestive hemorrhage induced by endoscopy. Mönkemüller and Soehendra recently commented that although key mechanisms of hemostasis such as injection, mechanical, thermal, and topical methods, are quite well established, there are various promising techniques that are still evolving, such as sprays and over-the-scope clips [4]. More recently, endoscopists have been able to treat iatrogenic perforation thanks in particular to clipping technology. Management of complications


MODIS-derived vegetation indices, NDVI, EVI, and LSWI, were evaluated in terms of their sensitivity to the seasonal greenness pattern and moisture regime of tropical forests of Hawaii. Annual mean NDVI and EVI signals most rapidly saturated as total annual rainfall increased to a mesic condition, but LSWI was responsive to much wetter environment. Ecoregional analyses of biweekly VI time-series revealed that all three VI's followed the typical pattern of summer-low and winter-high rainfall for dry forests and shrublands. However, NDVI and EVI did not show any significant seasonality of wet forests while LSWI represented a summer-high and winter-low greenness pattern. The three VI's did not respond to LAI very well as LAI reached 4, but they sensitively responded to fPAR and leaf moisture content. Especially, LSWI responded most sensitively to fPAR and leaf water content in the wet environment, where fPAR and leaf water content were higher than 0.6 and 40%. Greenness seasonality was more strongly represented by LSWI than by NDVI and EVI for all ecoregions considered in the study. In short, it is believed that LSWI is more appropriate for a canopy phenology study than the other two VI's in wet forests of the tropical environment.


The model proposed by MacCormick (1989) describing dynamic strain aging is used for a nickel based superalloy. The model is presented for small deformations, and an analytical homogeneous solution is calculated for simple tension. Parameters for the nickelbased superalloy at 500 °C are obtained from tensile tests at constant strain rates. A linear perturbation analysis is performed to evaluate the critical strain (i.e. when serrations begin). The convergence toward this critical value of two numerical integration schemes of material law is studied for the simulation of a plate in tension.


12 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 13 1.1 Scope of the Thesis 13 1.2 The Sun 14 1.2.1 Sun's Magnetic Field 15 1.2.2 The Solar Wind 16 1.2.3 The Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) 20 1.2.4 The "Frozen-in" Concept 22 1.3 The Heliosphere 25 1.3.1 The Interaction Between the Heliosphere and the LISM . . 26 1.3.2 The Interstellar Neutrals in the Heliosphere 28 1.4 What is the importance of studying the LISM? 30 1.5 Pickup Ions 33 1.5.1 Model of Pickup Ions 34 1.5.2 Direct Observations of Pickup Ions 37 1.5.3 He+ Pickup Ions and ACE 40 CHAPTER 2: INSTRUMENTATION 41 2.1 ACE/SWICS 41 2.2 Principle of Operation 42 2.3 Description of SWIGS 44 CHAPTER 3: HELIUM CONE 49 3.1 Early Detection of Interstellar Gas in the Heliosphere 49


We work with children and their families living in an established slum area on the outskirts of Jaipur, in the beautiful state of Rajasthan.


Transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution scanning- transmission electron microscopy, with electron beam sizes ranging from 2 to 50 nm, were used to investigate the spatial distribution and homogeneity of doped Tm3+ ions in CaF2 host matrices with atomic resolution, in solid crystals grown from melts using the Bridgman-Stockbarger method. With the smallest size electron beam available of 2 nm, it was found that the Tm 3+ ions were distributed inhomogeneously at the host sites. They took the form of sub-nm agglomerations of 3-5 atoms, rather than individual ions


The utility model discloses a chips discharging mechanism of a drilling machine of a printed circuit board. The drilling machine comprises a drill bit, a main shaft driving the drill bit to rotate, and a presser foot; the chips discharging mechanism comprises a chips suction cover that is sheathed on the main shaft; the side wall of the upper part of the chips suction cover is provided with a chips outlet; the position of the side wall of the lower part of the chips suction cover, corresponding to the drill bit, is provided with a plurality of air inlet passages; and the bottom part of the chips suction cover is provided with a through hole that is connected with the presser foot in a dismountable way. Therefore, when the drilling machine is used for machining and boring plates, the boring chips are discharged out of the chips outlet by the negative pressure; simultaneously the air enters through the air inlet passage, thus forming a vortex flow and playing a cooling effect on the drill bit; furthermore, the chips enwound or bonded with the drill bit can be cleared; the plate-boring precision and the bore wall quality are improved; the needle breaking rate is reduced simultaneously; furthermore, the presser foot can be replaced conveniently and quickly, the use cost is reduced, and the presser foot of different structures can be selected according to practical situations.


Alagille syndrome is a multisystem, highly variable, autosomal dominant disorder, which can be triggered by spontaneous mutation. This disease primarily affects the liver (chronic cholestasis), heart (most often peripheral pulmonary stenosis), eyes (posterior embryotoxon), face (characteristic features), and skeleton (butterfly vertebrae). The paper presents the clinical case of prolonged jaundice with an increased liver enzymes in infant and no final diagnosis for a long time.


Superconducting power links (SUPERPOLI) will offer low-loss power transmission and fault current limitation in a single device. In the European SUPERPOLI project, a long term goal is to build a 200 m long, 20 kV/sub rms/ 28 kA/sub rms/ 3-phase superconducting power link which will be refrigerated by subcooled liquid nitrogen. The SUPERPOLI will have a compact coaxial multitube structure which significantly reduces the AC losses. As a step towards this GVA-class application, a 2 m long, 20 kV, 2 kA/5 kA, one-phase functional model is under construction. The conductor variants considered are Bi-2212 bulk conductor and Y-123 coated film conductor. They present very different behaviors in normal operation and during the limiting phase: Bi-2212 bulk conductor has higher AC losses and allows short transients or moderate overcurrents without quenching, while Y-123 film has low AC losses and immediate response for overcritical currents.


The relationship between occupational status, from 1950–1971, for white males residing in the state of Washington and the probability of suicide is examined. The Edwards scale of socioeconomic grouping is used as an indicator of socioeconomic status; and the Proportionate Mortality Ratio as an indicator of relative suicidal risk by occupation. 183 occupations were ranked into eight socioeconomic levels. We found no relationship between socioeconomic status and the suicide rate.


Characterized there is provided a re-processing, which adjusts one or more operating parameters of the processor to improve the health of processors (e.g., reduce errors). As an example, the parameters include voltage and / or clock frequency. Processor may be active or inactive, its implementation re-characterization process. In one example, the controller performs real-time hardware.


Nowadays the segment of sewing services is packed with manual universal sewing machines. They need to be upgraded, that is why developing of energy-saving electro drive for sewing machines is actual. To improve energy datum, efficiency and expanding functional set of sewing machines usage of frequency-controlled drive is a solution. In this case frequency inverter is set by functional algorithm reproduced in frames of its logical macromodel. The model of frequency inverter reproduces instantaneous value of output voltage for modelling dynamic processes, whereas the current voltage applied to drive phase is the only thing to be known for confirmatory and steady-state analyses.


Abstract A simple method for routine determination of organic carbon in soil by a modified Mebius procedure is described. It involves (a) digestion of the soil sample with an acidified dichromate (K2Cr2O7‐H2SO4) solution for 30 minutes in a Pyrex digestion tube in a 40‐tube block digester preheated to 170°C and (b) estimation of the unreacted dichromate by titration of the cooled digest with an acidified solution of ferrous ammonium sulfate with use ofN‐phenylanthranilic acid as an indicator. The method is more rapid and precise than the Mebius procedure commonly used for routine analysis of soils for organic carbon, and the only equipment required for its use is equipment now commonly used for routine Kjeldahl analysis of soils for total nitrogen.


This B.A. thesis deals with the impact of slavery as depicted in three Jamaican novels, namely in Black Albino by Namba Roy, Banana Bottom by Claude McKay and Abeng by Michelle Cliff.


The multistage Wiener filter(MWF) is a reduced rank algorithm for the space-time adaptive processing(STAP). In environments with low sample support, the performance of the MWF is better than the full rank Wiener filter, but MWF stage analysis has to be operated at the optimum rank. When it is not operated at the optimum rank, it leads performance degradation. In this paper we introduce a new rank selection algorithm with a cross-correlation coefficient that can stop at the optimum rank. Since the proposed algorithm does not have to calculate the evaluation function to use a scalar coefficient of weight derivation process, the computational complexity is more advantageous than other algorithm. Here, we evaluate its performance by simulation examples, and show the effectiveness.


OBJECTIVE
College students have high rates of marijuana initiation and use, and they report exaggerated perceptions of peers' use. Computerized norm-correcting intervention programs have been developed, but minimal efficacy research has been conducted, especially with regard to preventing the onset of marijuana use. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Marijuana eCHECKUP TO GO (e-TOKE) for Universities & Colleges program in (a) correcting descriptive norms, (b) correcting injunctive norms, and (c) preventing initiation of marijuana use in a group of college-age abstainers.

METHOD
Participants were 245 college students (73% female) recruited from psychology courses for course credit who reported no marijuana use in the past month at baseline. Participants were randomized to receive the e-TOKE program or assessment only. All participants reported on marijuana use, descriptive norms, and injunctive norms 1 month later.

RESULTS
Participants receiving the e-TOKE program estimated lower descriptive norms than the control group (p < .01), and fewer believed friends disapproved of their choice to abstain (p < .05). However, rates of use/initiation did not differ between the two conditions (p = .18).

CONCLUSIONS
The current study provides preliminary evidence for the utility of the e-TOKE program in correcting abstainers' misperceptions about others' marijuana use as well as making them perceive less disapproval for their abstention. However, more research with longer follow-ups is necessary to determine if changes in norms affect initiation rates over time.


The Geography and Territorial Planning Degree replaces, under the provisions of the European Higher Education Area and the recommendations of the "Libro Blanco: Titulo de Grado en Geografia y Ordenacion del Territorio", the Geography Bachelor's Degree. This change not only affected its name, including territory and its planning, but it also developed into a regulation of its curricula, introducing new subjects that would train the future geographer in order to make him capable of confronting new challenges in their areas of work, where cultural heritage has become an additional option.


Squalene epoxidase mRNA in Panax ginseng root tissue was cloned and its sequence analysis was conducted.Its expression level in ginseng root tissue of different years was detected with relative quantitative fluorescence Real-time PCR.The results showed that complete encoding sequence of SQE in ginseng root was 1 611 bp,which encoded 537 amino acid residues.Bioinformatic analysis of nucleotide and amino acid sequence based on SQE genes of squalene epoxidase on GenBank(No.:AB122078.1) showed that the homology was 99.75% and 99.81% respectively.Relative fluorescent quantitative PCR differential expression analysis showed that SQE gene had expression of varying intensities in root tissues of one-year,three-year,four-year and five-year ginseng.SQE genes manifested the highest expression level in root tissues of five-year ginseng.


Academic emotions have critical influence during Students' studying and growing up.Recently,not only academic emotions' definition and dimension have been formed clearly,but also the paticularity、the intervention and the regulation on academic emotions have gained some new progress at home and abroad.The research direction in the future will focus on further discussing the relationship between academic emotions and other relative infulencing factors and exploring positivly the interventions that suit for different students groups.


This study aims to investigate and evaluate: 1) component of context; 2) component of input; 3) component of process; and 4) component of product. The study employed the CIPP model. The research subjects were 65 respondents. The data were collected through a questionnaire, observations, interviews, and documentation. The quantitative data were processed descriptively using SPSS 16.0 program for Windows. The results of the study showed that for context component, there were 34.9% students who strongly agreed, 61.5% who agreed. There were 75% supervising teachers who strongly agreed, 25% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. The input component, there were 51% students who strongly agreed, 48.8% who agreed. There were supervising 87.5% teachers who strongly agreed, 12.5% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. The process component, there were 30.2% students who strongly agreed, 48.8% who agreed. There were 62.5% supervising teachers who strongly agreed, 37.5% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. The product component, there were 41.9% students who strongly agreed, 58.1% who agreed. There were 75.0% supervising teachers who strongly agreed, 25.0% who agreed. 100% BS/IS supervisors strongly agreed. In conclusion, all indicators in each component have been suitable with the implementation of the industrial work practicum in SMK N 3 Purworejo.


One application field relatively new is the numerical simulation and prediction of several atomic and molecular processes and their interactions. The computation load demanded made almost impossible the simulation of common problems few years ago, now is possible thanks to the advances in the speed and the general performance in current computer technology especially in cluster computing, vector computer and high performance computing. Despite of the success of these fields and the advances achieved in recent years, there is still to much work to do and in contrast to other applications, there is no easy or ready-to-use tool that can adapt to a specific problem, on contrary most solvers and tools available today are extension of programming languages and/or require some technical skill from the Molecular researcher. The aspiration of this paper is to be an small description of what have been done and serve as a general view of the challenges that this involve, and most important to be introductory overview to common people of the meaning of Molecular Dynamics Simulation.


Problem of long-range sound propagation in the randomly-inhomogeneous deep ocean is considered. We examine a novel approach for modeling of wave propagation, developed by K.C.Hegewisch and S.Tomsovic. This approach relies on construction of a wavefield propagator using the random matrix theory (RMT). We study the ability of the RMT-based propagator to reproduce properties of the propagator corresponding to direct numerical solution of the parabolic equation. It is shown that mode coupling described by the RMT-based propagator is basically consistent with the direct Monte-Carlo simulation. The agreement is worsened only for relatively short distances, when long-lasting cross-mode correlations are significant. It is shown that the RMT-based propagator with properly chosen range step can reproduce some coherent features in spectral statistics.


Abstract : This thesis examines potential retention incentives, both monetary and non-monetary, for first-term enlisted Soldiers and officers in the United States Army Reserve. The examination: * systematically determines the most demanded, clearly defined, and Army Reserve specific incentives plausible for retention; * identifies and describes the resulting list, along with appropriate limitations and assumptions; * develops methodologies for estimating incentive costs of these incentives; * produces cost estimates for each of the incentives based on available data; and * describes follow-on analysis to construct an incentive portfolio usable to better allocate programming dollars over a six-year Program Objective Memorandum (POM) horizon. This thesis relies on data from two concurrent studies performed by the Training and Doctrine Command Analysis Center at Fort Lee (TRAC-LEE), as well as data from the Defense Manpower Data Center. The data elements from the TRAC-LEE studies include over 20,000 surveys, 200 interviews, and information on how Educational Assistance impacts the Army Reserve end strength. The methodologies and cost estimates are the initial steps in determining a budget-feasible incentive portfolio under the applied career duration patterns of the Army Reserve. This study ignores possible interactions of the incentives and error estimates of the cost estimates.


BACKGROUND

H2S and methanethiol, which are important odorants from pig facilities, were unsatisfactorily removed in field biological air filters with short residence time. For a better understanding of the process, this study established a dynamic model for simulation of H2S and methanethiol removal in a three-stage biological air filter (two stages of biotrickling filter and one stage of biofilter), based on experimental determined mass transfer coefficients and partition coefficients from previous studies.

RESULTS

The maximum biodegradation rates for both H2S and methaetniol were estimated to be relatively low, with differences observed for different stages. Further, H2S removal was also observed to be limited by mass transfer, while other parameters such as active water content, biofilm thickness and diffusion coefficient were also shown to affect model performance, indicating the relevance of proper estimation of these parameters. For methanethiol, on the other hand, the model is mainly limited by maximum biodegradation rate.

CONCLUSION

Overall, the established model can properly simulate the performance of the field biological air filter for the removal of volatile sulfur compounds. Calibration of model parameters in field conditions may further improve the model precision and robustness for predicting performance of the field biological air filter. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry


Aaron Levine, in his book Economics and Jewish Law: Halakhic Perspectives, makes a strong case for the relevance of biblical ethics to modern policy concerns. His arguments, while persuasive at one level, are more problematic when he attempts to derive specific insights for the governance of modern capitalism. The halakhic society was based on a set of presuppositions that are not completely transferred to modern society; the flow of information and the incentive structure are very different in the modern society as contrasted with the Jewish community; and the evolutionary nature of Jewish law and its theistic foundations made large-scale favor-seeking (a very real modern-day problem) unlikely.


Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has become an established tool for acquiring digital terrain models (DTM) in forested areas. Even though, there have been several empirical studies on DTM quality with laser scanning, a few studies have focused on factors affecting the quality of DTM generation. This paper analyses especially the effects of the date, flight altitude, pulse mode, terrain slope, forest cover and plot variation on the DTM accuracy at boreal forest zone. The boreal test site was collected with Toposys I and Toposys II in 1998, 2000 and 2003. Since the measurements were recorded at various time of the season, i.e. May 14 th 2003 (leaf-off), June 14 th 2000 (leaf-on, low development of undergrowth), and September 2 nd 1998 (leaf-on, high undergrowth), it was possible to estimate the effect of leaves and undergrowth. In 2003 the flight altitudes of 400, 800 and 1500 m above ground level were used providing nominal pulse densities of 8-10, 4-5 and 2-3 pulses per m 2 . At boreal forest zone, the random errors of less than 20 cm were obtained in most conditions for non-steep terrain. The increase of flight altitude 400 to 1500 m increased the random error of DTM derivation by 50%. The difference of using first or last pulse caused a similar random error difference. There were systematic shifts in the elevation models derived at various flight altitudes. It is expected that the beam size and sensitivity of the laser system determine this systematic behaviour. Additionally, the systematic shifts between last and first pulse were significant. The difference of DTMs derived at optimum and non-optimal season conditions were typically less than 5 cm for high-density data. In stands consisting of deciduous trees, the seasonal effects were the highest. The random error increased with increasing terrain slope. The effect of forest cover was higher when moving closer to the trunk. The results were site dependent, i.e. the obtained accuracy varied strongly as a function of site conditions.


The article considers the argumentative function of a language in a literary text by the material of the novel "The Man of Property" by John Galsworthy, and studies different linguistic means used by the writer for the creation of characters' image with the help of argumentation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of linguo-stylistic and pragma-linguistic techniques of argumentation; the reasons of "communicative failure" are revealed, and the process of decision-making in situations of conflict, depending on the communicative intentions of an argumentator, is analyzed.


Rap1 is the main protein that binds double-stranded telomeric DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rap1 can also bind and promote the formation of G-quadruplexes, which are thought to form at telomeres. Examination of the telomere functions of Rap1 is complicated by the fact that it also acts as a transcriptional regulator of hundreds of genes and is encoded by an essential gene. In this study, we disrupt Rap1 telomere association and G-quadruplex formation by expressing a mutant telomerase RNA subunit (tlc1-tm) that introduces mutant telomeric repeats. Remarkably, tlc1-tm cells grow as well as wild-type cells, although depletion of Rap1 at telomeres causes defects in telomere length regulation and telomere capping. We find that Rap1, Rif2, and the Ku complex work in parallel to prevent telomere degradation, and absence of all three causes lethality. The partially redundant mechanisms may explain the rapid evolution of telomere components in budding yeast species.


The aim of the article is to characterize the development centres of territory of Latvia within the context of polycentric system management. The article represents the structure of Latvia's habitation, historical aspects and development trends of polycentric development centres, as well as characteristics of city weight areas considering the opinions, which are declared in scientific literature. The article represents classification of the created polycentric city system typology, which shows its traits from morphological, functional and management aspects. For the article the author used methods of logical analysis and synthesis, monographic and analytic method for research of theoretical and empirical study of resources, logically-constructive method, data processing statistical method, and descriptive statistics.


The invention provides a method for controlling the operation of a combined train. The method comprises that: control equipment of a main control engineer acquires working condition information of the main control engineer in real time, generates a control instruction and provides the control instruction for control equipment of a slave control engineer; according to the control instruction of the main control engineer, the control equipment of the slave control engineer acquires the braking condition of the train to judge the braking state of the main control engineer and acquires working condition information of self-operation; and according to the working condition information, the control instruction and the operating state of the main control engineer and the working condition information of the slave control engineer, and the control equipment of the slave control engineer automatically generates a control mode to control the operating state. The invention also correspondingly provides a system for controlling the operation of the combined train; the system comprises control equipment arranged on the main control engineer and the slave control engineer; the control equipment comprises a control unit, engineer equipment connected with the control unit, a communication unit, a braking unit and a working condition information acquisition unit. The method can realize asynchronous collaborative operation of each engineer of the combined train.


INTRODUCTION Scholars contend that since the creation of the first Physical education course in Brazil in 1931 noted a tendency to training in the area of health (GUARDA; MARIZ; SILVA, 2009), with the inclusion of the course in this area in the year 2000 (HALLAL et al., 2007) and with implementation of the National Policy of Health Promotion in 2006 (BRAZIL, 2006), which advocates among his specific actions the promotion of bodily practices/physical activities as an action of population-level health promotion within the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), the area of public health has become a fertile field of professional performance for physical educators. In this sense, the Núcleos de Apoio a Saúde da Família (NASF) is a field of expertise of these professionals. The NASF were created by Ordinance GM No. 154 of 2008 with the goal of supporting, enlarge, improve attention and health management in the basic attention, contributing to the integration of the Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) on the network of primary health care services within the SUS. These cores are constituted by multiprofessional teams composed of a minimum of five university-educated professionals NASF 1 – and by at least three professionals – NASF 2-can compose these teams: psychologist, social worker, pharmacist, physiotherapist, speech therapist, gynecologist, physical education professional, homeopath, acupuncturist, nutritionist, medical pediatrician, psychiatrist and occupational therapist. (BRASIL, 2009). However, public health issues still cause certain estrangement among some academic degrees in physical education. Study conducted by Jerônimo; Rech and Domingues (2013), showed that the perception of undergraduate students, both in the course of degree, when Bachelor, about professional performance spaces is still somewhat limited, especially with regard to NASF, although the literature demonstrates that the health theme is present in the curricula of the graduations. Study conducted in 12 courses of the physical education in the State of Paraná demonstrated that even in the course of Degree curriculum components that address the health theme, taking in the titles of the subjects the word health or health promotion (BRUGNEROTTO; SIMÕES, 2009). However, the formation of these professionals, regarding public health theme is still debatable. In this context, the multiprofessional residency in health configure itself as important training spaces. Accordingly, the College of education, College of nursing and the Institute of psychology of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, through the Núcleo de Educação, Avaliação e Produção Pedagógica em Saúde (EducaSaúde), since 2005 coordinates the Residência Integrada Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental Coletiva, which has among its practical scenarios a NASF (CECCIM, 2006). The purpose of this article is to present the perceptions of a professional of physical education about their participation, through Residência Integrada Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental Coletiva coordinated by the EducaSaúde of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, in a Núcleo de Apoio a Saúde de Família of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.


The Washington, D.C., signal system experiences an average of 330 outages each year, lasting for a total of 3,850 hours. According to traffic signal data analyzed from 2008 to 2013, extreme weather events accounted for the largest proportion of these outages. The District Department of Transportation (DOT) has developed two strategies to address signal outages, back up generators and battery backups. This article looks at the benefits and cost savings of these two strategies.


Oxygen-vacancy-induced topotactic phase transformation between the ABO2.5 brownmillerite structure and the ABO3 perovskite structure attracts ever-increasing attention due to the perspective applications in catalysis, clean energy field, and memristors. However, a detailed investigation of the electronic-structure evolution during the topotactic phase transformation for understanding the underlying mechanism is highly desired. In this work, multiple analytical methods were used to explore evolution of the electronic structure of SrFeO3−x thin films during the topotactic phase transformation. The results indicate that the increase in oxygen content induces a new unoccupied state of O 2p character near the Fermi energy, inducing the insulator-to-metal transition. More importantly, the hole states are more likely constrained to the dx 2–y 2 orbital than to the d3z 2–r 2 orbital. Our results reveal an unambiguous evolution of the electronic structure of SrFeO3–x films during topotactic phase transformation, which is crucial not only for fundamental understanding but also for perspective applications such as solid-state oxide fuel cells, catalysts, and memristor devices.


The seismic spectrum in south of Kelamayi is analyzed by the single digital seismic wave data.The seismic spectrum characteristic quantity and stress drop are determined by high signal noise ratio(S/N) of 68 earthquakes since 2001 in south of Kelamayi,and the relationship between the characteristics with the time and the middle-strong earthquakes is discussed,which are regarded as seismometry index of stress for earthquake prediction.


Have you ever seen a movie in which a building was burned down or a bridge was destroyed? Have you seen films in which a train crashed or a ship sank into the ocean? If so, you may have wondered how these things could happen without harming the people in the film.


School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, TelAviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel. 2Physics Department, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel 3Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802. 4Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771. Joint Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250. 'Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303. 7Catholic University of America, NASA/GSFC, Code 681, Greenbelt, MD 20771. 8Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, 21 1 Bryant Space Science Center, Gainesville, FL 32611-2055. 'Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218-2686. "Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 l1 Astrophysics Group, Imperial College London, iBlackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Rd., London SW7 2AZ, UK 12Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, 140 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1106. l1 Astrophysics Group, Imperial College London, iBlackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Rd., London SW7 2AZ, UK 13Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clippinger Research Labs 251B, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20030102151 2018-07-23T18:12:41+00:00Z


A mechanical model for the analysis of reinforced concrete frame structures based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) is proposed in this paper. The nonlinear behavior of the steel and concrete is modeled by plasticity and damage models, respectively. In addition, geometric nonlinearity is considered by an updated lagrangian description, which allows writing the structure equilibrium in the last balanced configuration. To improve the modeling of the shear influence, concrete strength complementary mechanisms, such as aggregate interlock and dowel action are taken into account. A simplified model to compute the shear reinforcement contribution is also proposed. The main advantage of such a model is that it incorporates all these effects in a one-dimensional finite element formulation. Two tests were performed to compare the provided numerical solutions with experimental results and other one- and bi-dimensional numerical approaches. The tests have shown a good agreement between the proposed model and experimental results, especially when the shear complementary mechanisms are considered. All the numerical applications were performed considering monotonic loading.


The aim of the work is to explore the possibility for using the infrared thermometer as an indicator of water stress in the green beans and establishment of a link between soil moisture and temperature difference (dt) between the surface of the leaves and that of the environment. The experiment was conducted in the period 2010 – 2012, at experimental field of Agricultural University – Plovdiv, on Alluvial Meadow Soil (Arenic Fluvisols, WRBSR, 2006). Used data from options in which the bean is irrigated at different pre-irrigation soil moisture, namely 60, 70, 80 and 90% of FC (field capacity) and option without irrigation. Under irrigated conditions and lack of rainfall, dt values reach up to +5 °C, and in conditions of optimum irrigation (pre-irrigation soil moisture 80% of FC) values decreased and were negative. The conditions of the experiment were reach about –4.5 °С. The irrigation by lower than 80% of FC soil moisture influence on the dT° values. Established a linear relationship between the values of dТ° and soil moisture as follows: for the layer 0 – 40 cm: Y = 79.49 – 4.32x at R2 = 0.847; for the layer 0 – 60 cm: Y = 80.52 – 3.67x at R2 = 0.801.


A unique multifunctional device combining the photovoltaic action and pressure sensitivity is demonstrated which is based on the heterojunction of n-Si and carbon nanotubes (double walled carbon nanotubes or multiwalled carbon nanotubes) and using copper phthalocyanine surface modified indium-tin-oxide electrode and shows pressure dependent photovoltaic action. The device can work as a solar cell, pressure sensor, or photovoltaic pressure sensor. Such multifunctional organic/organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells are expected to find many applications in the near future.


The Jet Propulsion Laboratory Resource Allocation, Planning and Scheduling Office (JPL-RAPSO) is chartered to allocate the limited amount of tracking hours among the various missions in as equitable allotment as can be achieved. The communication windows that can be used for communication between the ground and the Project/spacecraft are called 'viewperiods.' The concept of the viewperiods for (any) mission is presented in this paper, along with the levels of refinement over time (Forecasting/Project/Mid- Range/NSS) associated with those viewperiods.


What is management? - Why managers? Management: its roots and its emergence Management: a look backward and a look forward The dimensions of management The challenges of management What is a manager? - Managers and their work Management by objectives and self-control From middle management to knowledge organization Staffing for excellence What is a business? - What is a business Business realities Managing a business: the Sears story The power and purpose of objectives The delusion of profits Managing capital productivity Managing the public service institution Organizing and managing for performance - The innovative organization The templates for today's organizations The building blocks of organizations ...And how they join together The multinational corporation How can managers use the strengths of people? - Is personnel management bankrupt? WHat we know about work, working, and worker Worker and Working: theories and reality How to be an employee Managing the knowledge worker What the computer will be telling you What the computer will be telling you Management in society and culture - Management and the quality of life Social impacts and social problems The limits of social responsibility The ethics of responsibility Multinationals and developing countries: myths and realities Definitions of key terms Index.


CO 2 efflux from a forest floor is produced in subsoil, topsoil and litter layers. We evaluated topsoil respiration (R t ), subsoil respiration (R s ) and litter CO 2 production (R L ) seperately in a deciduous broadleaf forest and a larch forest in northern Japan from April through November to investigate the contribution of R L to total soil respiration (R all : R L + R t + R s ). In the broadleaf forest, R L peaked at 0.97 gC m -2 d -1 in late May. The R L contribution to R all (R L / R all ) was large at 0.15-0.40 in spring, whereas it was less than 0.07 in summer. In the larch forest, only larch litter was examined. R L of larch litter decreased gradually from 0.32 to 0.08 gC m -2 d -1 between April and November. R L / R all decreased rapidly during April and May from 0.19 to 0.04 and was almost constant in summer at 0.01-0.03. Seasonal sums of R L , R, and R t were 85, 683 and 145 gC m -2 for the broadleaf forest and 34, 700 and 253 gC m -2 for the larch forest, respectively, for 8 months; R L accounted for 9.3 and 3.4% of R all for the broadleaf and larch forests, respectively.


Abstract Underwater archaeology and the protection of underwater cultural heritage are relatively recent subjects for a number of States – particularly industrialized countries where no specific legislation exists, or legislation favours commercial exploitation of this type of heritage. This article presents an account of the complex situation specific to Brazil, where interests constantly fluctuate. It describes the important role played by archaeologists – often against obstacles and with insufficient financial resources – in working to promote among the public and academia the notion that rules that apply to tangible heritage on land must also apply to heritage under water. This is why the ARCHEMAR Centre was recently created to promote underwater cultural heritage via a museological programme.


A Waste Water monitoring program aiming to help decision making is presented. The program includes traditional and inboard sensor sampling, hydrodynamic and water quality modeling and a GIS based database to help the decision making of manager authorities. The focus is in the quality of waters receiving discharges from Waste Water Treatment Plants. Data was used to feed model simulations and produce hydrodynamic, effluent dispersion and ecological results. The system was then used to run different scenarios of discharge flow, concentration and location. The results enable to access the current water quality state of the lagoon and are being used as a decision making tool by the waste water managers in the evaluation phase of the treatment plant project to decide the location and the level of treatment of the discharge. INTRODUCTION Decision-making is frequently conducted based in "rules of thumb" rather than in sound scientific knowledge. This happens not because of the lack of scientific work for the region under evaluation, but because the scientific and decision making communities do not communicate. This produces lack of knowledge and, more important, lack of confidence in scientific results [4]. In this article a different scenario is presented where a Hydroinformatics based approach to decision-making is conducted. The work was sponsored by the decision authority responsible by the waste water discharges. A monitoring effort centered in the MOHID numerical model and integrating also water sampling and on-board multi-parameter profiling is used to monitor the waters of the


With trends pointing towards shortcomings in delivering London 2012 legacy promises, a review was administered on research and policy from 2005 onwards to ascertain how sports policy can impact upon the sustainability of delivering funded community sports and physical activity programmes.
A case study design was adopted and secondary data was obtained from Sport England's Year 4 of national Sportivate data. These results were compared with aspects of government policy via the theoretical concept lenses of sustainability and policy implementation.
Secondary data from Sport England for Year 4 (2014-15) of their Sportivate programme displays a boom in participation leading up to the Olympic Games but plateaus following London 2012. Completed participants primarily consist of younger children, which resonates with requirements issued by government policy. Whilst findings display a closing gender gap in participation, the same cannot be truly be said sustainability measures in place for the Sportivate programme
With the prevalence of external factors impeding sports participation, voluntary sports organisations are advised to capitalise on partnership approach methods for delivering sport and physical activity. With measures of participation retention decreasing in Year 4, the theoretical concept of sustainability offers further calls for a change in culture despite policy implementation perspectives highlighting the synthesis of both top-down and bottom-up approaches. A centralised system creates greater emphasis on the professionalisation of voluntary sports organisations which seems to steer deliverers towards short-term impact rather than long-term goals. Recommendations suggest expanding collaborative measures between organisations to help facilitate sustainable participation after a funded physical activity programme has completed.


The identification of steroid receptors in human breast cancer tissues has provided biochemical markers to predict hormone responsiveness. Analysis of tumors from 328 patients for the estrogen receptor protein (ERP) revealed significant levels in 225 patients (68%). Fifty‐five patients with advanced disease were subjected to hormonal manipulation. Thirty patients underwent ablative surgery consisting of adrenalectomy or adrenalectomy and oophorectomy. Twenty‐five patients were treated with additive therapy utilizing the new antiestrogen Tamoxifen. The ECOG criteria for an objective response were applied to all patients. Fifteen of the 24 estrogen receptor‐positive patients (63%) subjected to endocrine ablation responded. Eleven of twenty (55%) ERP‐positive patients responded to Tamoxifen therapy. Only one ERP‐negative patient responded in the total group. Simultaneous analysis of these same specimens for the progesterone receptor protein (PgRP) revealed that 151 patients were ERP and PgRP positive (46%); 74 (23%) were ERP positive and PgRP negative; 90 (27%) were ERP and PgRP negative, and 13 (4%) were ERP negative and PgRP positive. In the two treatment groups the overall response rate when both receptors were positive was 77% with a higher percentage of responders in the endocrine ablative group (88% vs. 64%). In addition, a greater duration of response was achieved in those patients treated with endocrine ablation.


In order to build up a background to the relative difficulty for burning the different raw materials in cement production the solid phase reactions between SiO2 and either CaCO3 or BaCO3 at the temperatures ranging 500°-800°C were studied by measuring the amount of CO2 liberated during the reaction. Then, applying the figures so obtained into the Jander's equation for solid phase reaction the authors have tried to work out the rate constants as well as the activation energies. However, it was found out that there were many examples which failed to fit in the equation, probably, due to the additional CO2 liberated by simple thermal dissociation of the carbonates.On the other hand, W. E. S. Turner et al. have suggested the acceleration of thermal dissociation of CaCO3 when it was mixed with the powder of silica or of pure gold. The same trend was confirmed to exist also in the case of BaCO3.Furthermore, the investigation of X-ray diffraction pattern has revealed that the reaction products of CaCO3 and SiO2 obtained by heating at 700°C in air for 242 hours was not wollastonite (βCaO⋅SiO2) but larnite (β2CaO⋅SiO2).


In multiresolution analysis, image is analyzed at different resolutions of pixels. The features in an image appear at different resolutions in different forms. Hence separation of features in the image is possible. In denoising problems, signal and noise can be separated in the process and hence elimination of noise becomes easier. It is proposed in this paper that when a nonlinear median filter is used in multiresolution environment, once in full resolution and then with half resolution, denoising becomes more perfect. This technique is a non linear processing and is found to be useful in reducing not only impulse noise but also Gaussian and Speckle noise. Further, it is also proposed that use of a nonlinear adaptive median filter produces more pleasing image with better denoising. It is also shown that the proposed method is useful for color image denoising too.


Appropriated Texts When the supply text for a piece is not composed by the authors, but rather collected or mined from online or print sources, it is appropriated. The result of appropriation may be a "mashup," a website or other piece of digital media that uses content from more than one source in a new configuration. Appropriation has some relationship to transclusion, a way of including other content (with permission and payment) in Ted Nelson's Xanadu Project hypertext system.


The nomadic society is a society of equality.Based on the symbiotic and coexistent relationship with natural environment,the nomadic life is a reproduction mode totally dependent on natural environment.There are many scientific and rational methods in nomads' dealing with the relationship between people and natural environment,and it will inspire the development of our modern society.These cultural resources available which are also shared by the modern society are reflected in nomadic languages through certain forms.Through in-depth investigation on the linguistic data of Chinese nomadic nationalities such as Mongolia and Kazak,the thesis studies the cultural dimensions of nomadic languages,and also discusses the linguistic cognitive domain which reflects the cultural dimensions of nomads.


Significant changes in quantum well laser performances when current leakage is not neglected are reported. Leakage effect is included extending three‐level rate equations. Derived SPICE model is used to optimize and improve the most important parameters of single quantum well lasers: threshold current, cutoff frequency, and turn‐on delay time. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 479–483, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23121


The sections in this article are:

1
Changes in Myofibrils During Growth
1.1
Increase in Length of Myofibrils

1.2
Increase in Myofibrillar Cross-Sectional Area

1.3
Synthesis and Assembly of Myofibrillar Proteins

1.4
Changes in Myofibrillar Proteins During Differentiation

2
Muscle Fiber Types in Adult Muscle
2.1
Tonic Muscle Fibers

2.2
Phasic Muscle Fibers

2.3
Structural Differences Between Myofibrils of Different Fiber Types

3
Changes in Muscle Fiber Types During Growth

4
Effect Of Exercise and Inactivity on Myofibrillar Content of Muscle Fibers

5
Ultrastructural Changes Associated with Cross Innervation and Artificial Stimulation

6
Temperature Adaptation in Myofibrils of Ectothermic Animals

7
Conclusion


This article proposes a new methodology for testing structural stability in models estimated via generalized method of moments. Like most previous studies of this general problem, attention is focused on the case in which some aspect of the model potentially changes at a single point in the sample, known as the "breakpoint." Unlike this earlier work, however, our approach is based on a decomposition of the null hypothesis into two components involving parameter constancy and the validity of the overidentifying restrictions both before and after the suspected breakpoint. Using this framework, we propose a testing strategy that offers the potential to discriminate between parameter variation and more general forms of instability. Statistics are presented for testing our null hypotheses in both the known and unknown breakpoint cases. The tests are applied to the conditional capital asset pricing model used by Harvey to explain the international variation in stock index returns. Harvey reported that data from...


The present invention provides a palygorskite ethylene - vinyl acetate composite flame retardant material, which is composed of 100 to 5000 to crush the purpose of natural palygorskite powder and compounded agents ammonium polyphosphate and / or pentaerythritol mixed with a certain proportion of machinery mix together palygorskite composite flame; then palygorskite complex flame retardant ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer kneading. Ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer is the most important one ethylene copolymer having excellent performance, widely used, can be used for the production of hot melt adhesives, injection products, film, foam, pipe, wire and cable, plates, etc., can also be used chemical building materials, ink, paint and other production. The palygorskite ethylene - vinyl acetate stable composite flame retardant properties, oxygen index, flame-retardant effect, the effect is long-lasting, low prices; Since palygorskite itself is not volatile, small smoke, non-toxic, fire-retardant material and the composite flame retardant, smoke suppression function and reduce toxic gases, is a pollution-free flame retardant material.


Design of visual representation in geographical sciences is in most cases done within the confines of conventions or accepted practices that ensure that the visual designs adhere to, and remain within the realms of the usual and the expected. This is evident in conventional practices in cartography where map design is overwhelmingly constrained by the need for functional maps that target specific predefined user needs by presenting geospatial facts or engaging users in goal-oriented validation of hypotheses. But when a user's map use objective is to engage in an undirected search for geospatial structures and trends as is the case when seeking to develop probing questions and hypothesis about data, then a different design approach is needed. Today, most emergent visual techniques in exploratory cartographic environments focus on providing an enabling visual environment that can generate, manipulate and interact with geospatial structures embedded within the raw data. Whereas these techniques have elaborate interactive and dynamic data manipulation capabilities derived from presumed conceptual and perceptual user goals, they lack an explicit account of their use and effect in knowledge discovery. Besides, since they have goals that are already anticipated, they in essence are determined and therefore cease to function as exploratory techniques. In this paper we use an approach that outlines the underlying creative cognitive processes and structures that give rise to knowledge discovery and insight. It is derived from previous concepts in experimental methods of cognitive science and, is here adopted to answer questions relating to how emergent geospatial features are detected, synthesized and manipulated for the purpose of discovering new structures, relations and meaning therein. The approach is based on the demise that the possibility of creative discovery in geospatial data exploration is greater if the emergent and unprecedented visual structures are uncommon. We are of the opinion that knowledge of the creative cognition structure is a prerequisite for effective design and evaluation of exploratory visualization tools as will be illustrated by a prototype in cartographic animation.


A delay locked loop (DLL) based on a Phase Detector, which Measures the Delay of the Voltage-controlled delay line (PD-MDV), which is tVCDL, with efficient and stable locking performance was proposed. In contrast to conventional phase detectors, the PD-MDV measures tVCDL more accurately; thus, it can always generate the correct up/down (UP/DN) pulses. The proposed technique prevents becoming stuck in the fastest operation, in which UP pulses continue to appear even when tVCDL < tREF, where tREF is the reference time, which is an input of the DLL. In the reverse case, the PD-MDV prohibits DN pulses from continuing to appear under the condition tVCDL > tREF, thereby freeing the DLL from harmonic locking and becoming stuck in the slowest operation. The proposed phase detection scheme was verified under various conditions, including process corners, temperature variations, and abrupt changes in tREF. The proposed 1.2 V, 20~200 MHz DLL with the PD-MDV was designed using the 65 nm process, with a power consumption of 0.4 mW at 200 MHz.


This study seeks to investigate the effect of compassion in public service workplace. Our compassion model is based on public service sector employees receiving compassionate feelings such as affection, generosity, caring, and tenderness from their supervisors. A longitudinal study of 166 public service employees, their supervisors and 333 of their clients (citizens) was conducted in Israel. In this longitudinal study, we found evidence that receipt of compassion from supervisors (at time 1) in public service workplace positively influenced employees' sense of work engagement, and negatively related to their work burnout (at time 2). Furthermore, receipt of compassion (at time 1) was also found to impact public service employees' organizational citizenship behavior and knowledge sharing (at time 2) as rated by their supervisors, as well as their service-oriented performance of compassionate behavior toward clients (at time 2), rated by the citizens. Finally, we found evidence for the role of compassion as...


In this article we study the local geometry at a prime p of PEL-type Shimura varieties for which there is a hyperspecial level subgroup. We consider the Newton polygon stratification of the special fiber at p of Shimura varieties and show that each Newton polygon stratum can be described in terms of the products of the reduced fibers of the corresponding PEL-type Rapoport-Zink spaces with certain smooth varieties (which we call Igusa varieties) and of the action on them of a p-adic group that depends on the stratum. We then extend our construction to characteristic zero and, in the case of bad reduction at p, use it to compare the vanishing cycle sheaves of the Shimura varieties to those of the Rapoport-Zink spaces. As a result of this analysis, in the case of proper Shimura varieties we obtain a description of the l-adic cohomology of the Shimura varieties in terms of the l-adic cohomology with compact supports of the Igusa varieties and of the Rapoport-Zink spaces for any prime l≠p.


In a move away from the open or low-fenced grounds that have traditionally been a feature of Australian school design, the last decade has seen a growth in the installation of high-security fences around schools. These structures, far from being passive and neutral, act to redefine the possibilities for movement and connectivity in the local landscape. This paper looks beyond the impact of fences on safety and security to explore the wider implications of these structures. By bringing together perspectives on children's experience of independent mobility, belonging and attachment to place, the paper opens up new avenues for thinking about how children's learning is shaped by the relationship between school, community and the boundaries between them. It provides a starting point for understanding how high-security boundaries can impact on children's learning and why at times these structures may pose more risks than those they aim to address.


This paper seeks to identify the space-distributed diffusion coefficient a in the steady-state diffusion equation $ - {\operatorname{div}}(a{\operatorname{grad}}u) = f$ in a bounded region of the real plane; u, f, and the flux at the boundary are observed. This problem is solved by a least square method, choosing for the cost function the "equation error" defined in a natural way by the Riesz representation theorem. The method is stable if a smoothing term is added to the cost function (Tikhonov regularisation); this paper shows that selection strategies of the smoothing coefficient exist that insure convergence under the only condition that a be sufficiently smooth. The case is also considered where a is piecewise smooth and it is shown how to extend the previous formulation. In both cases computational results are presented.


This short article addresses a series of questions regarding pharmaceutical products liability in the United Kingdom. Issues in both the relevant substantive and procedural law are discussed. The overall picture that emerges is that claims for damage caused by pharmaceutical products are exceptionally challenging. This is due not only, in particular, to a general reluctance on the part of judges to find fault in the design of pharmaceutical products but also the exceptionally high cost of litigation in the United Kingdom.


In The School Learning about the School and its Resources Content Observing the Teacher and Students Content Interviewing the Teacher and Student Content Helping Children Learn Helping Children Learn with Games Content Helping Children Learn with Technology Content Helping Children Learn: In the Classroom Lessons Content Appendix A: Blackline Masters Content


The aim of this work is to study the influence of several analytical parameters on the variability of Raman spectra of paint samples. In the present study, microtome thin section and direct (no preparation) analysis are considered as sample preparation. In order to evaluate their influence on the measures, an experimental design such as 'fractional full factorial' with seven factors (including the sampling process) is applied, for a total of 32 experiments representing 160 measures. Once the influence of sample preparation highlighted, a depth profile of a paint sample is carried out by changing the focusing plane in order to measure the colored layer under a clearcoat. This is undertaken in order to avoid sample preparation such a microtome sectioning. Finally, chemometric treatments such as principal component analysis are applied to the resulting spectra. The findings of this study indicate the importance of sample preparation, or more specifically, the surface roughness, on the variability of the measurements on a same sample. Moreover, the depth profile experiment highlights the influence of the refractive index of the upper layer (clearcoat) when measuring through a transparent layer. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


history that specialists and non-specialists alike will appreciate. It elevates energy's historical place and role in Canada and reassesses changes over time associated with energy. It also provides critical historical context for considering the energy challenges we face today. Collectively, then, it lays the groundwork for academic and public audiences to reflect much more on how and why energy has mattered and will continue to matter for Canada and Canadians. bret edwards University of Toronto


High-quality x[(Mg0.6Zn0.4)0.95Co0.05]2TiO4(1 1 x)Ca0.8Sr2TiO3 ceramics were prepared by solid-state reaction. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and network analyzer. [(Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.95Co0.05]2TiO4 has a dielectric constant (3⁄4r) of 318, a high quality factor (Q © f ) of 3206,000GHz, and a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ( ̧f ) of 3120.8 ppm/°C. To produce a temperature-stable material, Ca0.8Sr0.2TiO3, which has a large positive ̧f value of 400 ppm/°C, was added to [(Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.95Co0.05]2TiO4. 0.93[(Mg0.5Zn0.5)0.95Co0.05]2TiO4 0.07Ca0.8Sr0.2TiO3 has an excellent combination of microwave dielectric properties: 3⁄4r 318.24, Q © f 3130,000 (at 9GHz), and ̧f 31ppm/°C sinter at 1175°C, and can be utilized in the fabrication of microwave devices. Therefore, a band-pass filter is designed and simulated using the proposed dielectric to study its performance.


Most general relativity textbooks devote considerable space to the simplest example of a black hole containing a singularity, the Schwarzschild geometry. However only a few discuss the dynamical process of gravitational collapse, by which black holes and singularities form. We present here two types of analytic models for this process, which we believe are the simplest available; the first involves collapsing spherical shells of light, analyzed mainly in Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates; the second involves collapsing spheres filled with a perfect fluid, analyzed mainly in Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates. Our main goal is pedagogical simplicity and algebraic completeness, but we also present some results that we believe are new, such as the collapse of a light shell in Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates.


This paper proposes a parallel scheme for suppressing speckle noise in SAR images. The designed technique is based on forming 3D arrays of a clustered image by areas and using Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) estimation, where the a priori information is obtained by the Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT), improving the despeckling quality. Moreover, a variant of the bilateral filter is used as a post-processing stage to recover and enhance edges' quality after the filtering procedure. The proposed scheme was implemented in serial and two parallel versions. The first one uses OpenMP to parallelize over a multi-core CPU, and the second utilizes CUDA to be executed in a GPU. Experimental results have demonstrated that the framework guarantees a good despeckling performance on SAR images obtained from the TerraSAR-X database, considering objective quality criteria such as Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Edge Preservation Index (EPI). Furthermore, the parallel implementations' simulation results present their efficiency for a real-time environment.


Introduction: cost analysis on the medical prescription of narcotics definition of the problem - general situation, scientific program, objectives methods -scope of the study, procedure, types of costs, validation of the results results, including project comparisons -introduction, total costs, direct costs, labour costs, other operating costs (material costs), revenues, conclusions recommendations appendix socio-economic evaluation of the trials for the medical prescription of opiates overview introduction - the PROVE trials, scientific program, socioeconomic evaluation, present state of research rationale/hypotheses - housing, work, legal behaviour methodology - theoretical concept, practical implementation, data sources, cohorts studied housing - data sources, resource use, valuation, calculation of benefits, results, discussion work - data resources, working time, valuation, results, discussion legal behaviour - data sources, effects, valuations, results, discussion health - data resources, number of diagnoses, comparison method, assessment of costs per diagnosis, results, discussion general outlook -introduction, cost of the PROVE trials, overall benefit per participant and day, comparison of costs and benefits literature. Subject index.


Abstract Background: Synchronous primary malignancies of the female genital tract constitute 1.7% of all genital malignancies. Case: A 45-year-old, para 5, woman presented with loss of appetite and abdominal distention. A provisional diagnosis of an ovarian malignancy was made. Final histopathology of the specimen revealed the presence of an ovarian papillary serous cystadenocacinoma with a cervical leiomyosarcoma. She received chemotherapy. Results: As of this writing, this patient is being followed. Conclusions: The coexistence of primary neoplasms in the ovary and cervix are rare. An organ that appears to be normal may have a hidden malignancy. Thus, every surgical specimen should be subjected to detailed histopathologic examination. In addition, the possibility of a synchronous malignancy elsewhere in the body should be kept in mind while working to address a genital malignancy. (J GYNECOL SURG 30:219)