One of the most remarkable issues in the new aid approach is the place and role of civil society participation. It is mandatory and governments will have to prove that they undertook a genuine effort to involve civil society stakeholders in the drafting of the document. It is expected that civil society will monitor implementation of the PRSP and that they can provide valuable inputs back into the policy cycle. By now, a lot has been written on the wrongs and rights of introducing participation as a mandatory element in the PRSPs. In terms of assessing these participatory exercises, the aid paradox seems to strike again: it works where it isn't really needed, and where it is needed most, it doesn't work. In the words of Driscoll & Evans (2005), PRSprocesses have most clearly succeeded where they tended to coincide with a national project for poverty reduction (articulated by political leaders and widely shared by citizens). Notwithstanding the disillusionment with the results and impact of the processes, there are also positive sounds. In many countries, the PRS processes created political space for civil society, especially for NGOs, and it contributed to broadening the debate over economic and social policies (Curran 2004:5; IMF/World Bank 2006:26). The participation exercise also gave an impetus to civil society organisations engaging in networks, forming umbrella organisations and strategic alliances (Actionaid & Care 2006; Eberlei 2007a:5). The results are thus, at best, mixed and the huge number of assessments have led to an equally long and impressive list of recommendations: discussions on macro-economic issues should be opened up to civil society stakeholders, capacity building initiatives should prepare the poor for participation, participation of mass organisations and social movements should be stimulated so 1 This paper draws to some extent on insights gathered during a joint research project with Robrecht Renard. as to increase the legitimacy of the processes, participation should be institutionalised so as to ensure more control over the whole policy cycle process, from agenda-setting to policy formulation, decision making and implementation. The paper argues that most of the wrongs and rights of these participation processes can be linked back to a theoretical discussion on how the state should relate to society, and which model is more effective to ensure policy influencing. We will, in this paper, look into both the corporatist and the pluralist schools and see that the PRSP in design is closely related to the pluralist interpretation of participation. Most of the criticisms voiced around the actual shortcomings of these processes, on the other hand, are closely linked to the corporatist school. We will see that there are huge problems with the pluralist assumptions, and we will discover that literature seems to suggest that (neo-)corporatist models lend themselves better for deeper forms of participation, including on macro-economic issues (Brinkerhoff & Goldsmith 2003:687). If we then take a closer look at some cases, it seems that reality is quite complex: corporatism has its own set of shortcomings, and more conditions are needed for the corporatist model to work effectively under a PRSP setting. We will take a closer look at four countries: Viet Nam, Uganda, Bolivia and Senegal. The aspects we highlight in these cases show that both corporatist and pluralist interaction patterns are imperfect and neither of them offer sufficient guarantees to ensure pro-poor participation, yet at the same time both hold promising potentials. 2 Important to mention is that this paper does not aim at giving a full account of what the participation processes in these countries entailed and what their impact has been. We zoom in on some events or remarkable moments which illustrate the tension between form and nature. 3 It is important to clarify that pro-poor participation and participation of the poor are two different things. According to some, achieving poverty reduction may be better served by supporting alliances and coalitions around a pro-poor agenda than by poor people participating. They underline a well-known fact that poor people often participate in politics on bases that objectively have little to do with their interest in poverty reduction, or that may be counterproductive to any goal of poverty reduction. 1. PRSP's and participation: where do we stand today? The new aid approach was given birth by the Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP), which in turn were launched by the World Bank in 1999. Governments in low-income countries wishing to receive debt relief and/or concessional assistance from the International Financial Institutions, and more aid from the larger donor community were expected to produce a national strategy on how they would use aid to combat poverty 4 . Although nowadays the PRSP as a concept has lost momentum, its principles and procedures linger on and have dictated to a large extent quite fundamental changes in the aid architecture. The principles upon which the PRSP-format hinges indicated a desire to move away from donor driven development, in order to give more room to home-grown, government led and nationally owned strategies. Today, more than 60 countries have produced PRSPs. Most of these countries are implementing their second PRSP and some countries (like Uganda) are already shaping their third generation of PRSPs. Important to mention is the dynamic character of the PRSPs. In terms of content, the first generation of PRSPs was very closely linked to debt relief. They were, in general, very strongly marked by focusing on service delivery and social sectors. Some critical CSOs even referred to the PRSP as 'poverty reduction by access to services' (Curran 2004:6). Donors have been in part responsible for this bias given the commitment to and the urge to realize the Millennium Development Goals which are marked by a relative dominance of social sector targets (Driscoll & Evans 2005:12). The second generation PRSPs – learning from the shortcomings of the first generation – already gives more emphasis to the sustainability of poverty reduction by focusing somewhat more on growth issues. And although second generation PRSPs often introduced the concept of 'growth' in their name, at the same time it was noticed that MDG targets are increasingly used as poverty reduction targets in the documents, which still emphasizes the access to services as a strategy to reduce poverty. 4 PRSPs were introduced as the basis for the provision of debt relief under the enhanced HIPC (Highly Indebted Poor Countries) Initiative in 1999, but is now a requirement for all low-income countries wishing to receive concessional assistance from the World Bank and the IMF. For more information on the formal requirements with regards to HIPC and PRSP: www.worldbank.org. 5 The PRSP as a denominator has had its best time. Nowadays most countries refer to their PRSP with localized names, and more often than not the PRSPconcept is replaced by 'national development strategies'. The underlying principles however remain the same. One of the most remarkable issues in the new aid approach is the place and role of civil society participation. In the formulation of the PRSP, civil society participation is mandatory, and ideally participation will give rise to the institutionalisation of civil society involvement, amongst others in the monitoring and evaluation of the PRSP. Governments should hold consultations on the first draft of the PRSP and a description of this participation process is included in the final PRSP document. The PRSP is then sent to Washington where it is assessed by the World Bank and the IMF. The participation process in itself however is not strictly evaluated or screened as such because the World Bank and IMF staffs are not allowed to make political assessments. Yet governments have to prove that they undertook a genuine effort to involve civil society in the drafting process 7 . Inspite this lack of evaluation criteria, it is seen as a crucial component of the new approach, and references to it abound in donor institutions and documents (World Bank 2004, IMF 2004, Global Monitoring Report 2006). Also in the Paris Declaration, several commitments are made in which civil society is recognised as an important stakeholder in the process. In Commitment 48, for example, it is stated that partners will "Reinforce participatory approaches by systematically involving a broad range of development partners when formulating and assessing progress in implementing national development strategies" (OECD/DAC 2005). When the participation conditionality was launched in 1999, it went hand in hand with high expectations. Through participation pro-poor concerns would be addressed more adequately, ownership would be broadened, accountability and transparency would improve (World Bank 2002:240). Participation would thus not only be linked to better poverty reduction and development, it would also have democracy enhancing effects. By now, a lot has been written on the wrongs and rights of introducing participation as a mandatory element in the PRSPs. With regards to the impact of participation on the pro-poor and developmental aspects of the PRSP, the picture is bleak. Although from a technocratic point of view most authors on the topic agree that participation of civil society has played a huge role in the setting up of poverty diagnostics, in providing supplementary information and using participatory approaches, which deepened the understanding of the multidimensional character of poverty (Worldbank 2002:3, Thornton & Cox 2005:10; Driscoll & Evans 2004:3; 6 The World Bank proposes a very open definition of civil society and it makes no distinction between profit and non-profit organisations. As such it includes the private sector as part of civil society. In this paper we will use the concepts of civil


In modern networks, administrators realize their desired functions such as network measurement in several data plane programs. They often employ the network-wide program deployment paradigm that decomposes input programs into match-action tables (MATs) while deploying each MAT on a specific programmable switch. Since MATs may be deployed on different switches, existing solutions propose the inter-switch coordination that uses the per-packet header space to deliver crucial packet processing information among switches. However, such coordination introduces non-trivial per-packet byte overhead, leading to significant end-to-end network performance degradation. In this paper, we propose Hermes, a program deployment framework that aims to minimize the per-packet byte overhead. The key idea of Hermes is to formulate the network-wide program deployment as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem with the objective of minimizing the per-packet byte overhead. In view of the NP hardness of the MILP problem, Hermes further offers a greedy-based heuristic that solves the problem in a near-optimal and timely manner. We have implemented Hermes on Tofino-based switches. Our experiments show that compared to existing frameworks, Hermes decreases the per-packet byte overhead by 156 bytes while preserving end-to-end performance in terms of flow completion time and goodput.


This study assesses the impact of higher education on worker productivity and salary in Kaduna State. The study administers a total of 100 closed ended questionnaire based on Likert five-scale to employers of workers in the State who while in the employment of their organisations pursued different types of higher education with the approval of their employers; and tests the hypotheses using Pearson's chi-square. The study finds that higher education has significant positive impact on the productivity of workers in Kaduna state but affects their salaries/wages only to some extent. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the State should continue to encourage workers to pursue higher education in order to improve their productivity in the workplace and increase the salaries/wages of employees to commensurate with their level of education.


Background. The method of explosive electron-beam evaporation-condensation of materials in vacuum opens up new possibilities for obtaining materials containing components, with a significant difference in the elasticity of the vapor, as well as complex alloyed compounds. This technology is promising for the production of various types of materials of controlled chemical composition in the form of powder products. Objective. The purpose of the paper is to study the possibilities of the method of electron-beam explosive evaporationcondensation of materials in vacuum to obtain in granular and film form refractory and composite materials based on tungsten and copper, and complex alloyed materials based on titanium. Methods. The method of explosive evaporation-condensation was used to obtain vapor-phase refractory, composite and complex alloyed materials based on the WC—W2C, Cu—W and Ti—Si—Zr—Nb systems. The experiments were carried out on the L-4 electron-beam installation, which was developed by the Scientific and Production Company "ELTE HMASH" (Vinnytsia, Ukraine) in cooperation with the Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine. The changes in the chemical composition and morphology of obtained products depending on the deposition conditions in vacuum were studied. Results. For the first time, refractory alloys and composite materials based on tungsten and copper and complex alloyed compounds based on titanium were obtained in granular form by explosive evaporation-condensation in vacuum. Using this technology makes it possible to control the chemical composition and morphology of the produced powder products, widely used in various fields of science and technology. Conclusions. The technological conditions for the production of materials containing components with a significant difference in vapor pressure by the method of explosive evaporation-condensation in vacuum are determined. The method allows obtaining granular and film deposition products with refining of materials with respect to oxygen and some metal impurities.


Fences nature one of the cities that is growing both in the field and in the economy inprastruktur. Transportation is a means of support in the development in an area, transportation improvements are very necessary for the development of an area. Gria servant of the state is a new housing in the city of Pagar Alam who is still in the process of increasing the field inprstruktur. Road access in and out in a residential neighborhood still land and no building pavement. This study was conducted to plan pengunana access roads in and out of the housing Gria servant negra. Type of pavement is planned or rigid pavement using concrete cast. Based on the calculation results obtained 150mm thick layer of concrete pavement with reinforcement in the transverse direction and reinforcement of the longitudinal direction D12-250mm D12-150mm.


This article introduces several wireless communication technologies,Using the wireless application technologies, we design a wireless home healthcare portal. Adopting middleware and standard data format based on HL7, the system is scalable.


In this paper, an inductance surface estimation and learning for utilization with a stochastic model predictive control (MPC) scheme for the current control of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) is introduced. This MPC is equipped with state estimators and is implemented as a recursive linear quadratic regulator for practical deployments in hybrid vehicle applications. Additionally, a learning mechanism is developed to dynamically adapt to the inductance profile of the machine and update the MPC and Kalman filter parameters. The introduced control scheme can cope with noise as well as uncertainties within the machine nonlinear inductance surface. The introduced system will benefit from a fixed switching frequency and will offer low current ripples by calculating the optimal duty cycles using the SRM model. Finally, simulations and experimental results are provided to evaluate the proposed method.


Class-E power amplifiers are widely used in megahertz frequency power conversion systems due to their high efficiency, which can further be enhanced by virtue of wide-bandgap devices such as GaN high-electron-mobility transistors. Here, a GaN-based cross-quadrant mode Class-E amplifier is proposed, which addresses one of the major challenges for such amplifiers, i.e., to achieve both high power and high efficiency with low-voltage-rating devices. By utilizing the reverse conduction of GaN transistors, a cross-quadrant mode Class-E amplifier with small dc-feed inductance is constructed, whose circuit model is derived by virtue of the Laplace transform technique. We demonstrate an experimental prototype operating at 3.11 MHz with a 100-V GaN transistor, achieving an output power of about 6 W with the efficiency being almost 90% when the input voltage is 10 V and the load resistance is 28 $\mathrm{\Omega }$. Compared with conventional Class-E amplifiers, the power conversion capability of the proposed amplifier is increased up to three times from 0.49 to 1.69 with a slight reduction in efficiency. Such cross-quadrant mode amplifiers can be used to improve the power conversion capability and to reduce the peak switch voltage at the same output power level.


We calculated Antarctic sea-ice freeboard and thickness for ICESat and ATM campaigns. A Gridded ATM freeboard map of nine IceBridge campaigns in October 2009, 2010, and 2011 is shown in Figure 1.


This paper proposed a method of generating grid three-scroll. A novel three-dimensional chaotic system is composed with two triangular wave functions and a sign function. The triangular wave functions controlled the system to produce a 2×2 grid, and the sign function controls each node of the grid to generate three-scrolls. Through the analysis of the equilibrium points of the system and the numerical simulations for bifurcation diagrams and phase diagrams, it shows the dynamic characteristics of the system. Furthermore, the system is experimentally confirmed by corresponding circuit. The circuit simulation results and numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness of this method.


[Objective] To detect the effect of dermabrasion surgery Ⅱ° for the promotion of rat superficial burn wound healing and its mechanism.[Methods] The rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group(48 each).The back of each rat after the producting of a wound in the experimental group was immediately in a sterile condition dermabrasion surgery;while the control group,the wounds after injury at aseptic conditions,were under conservative treatment.3,7,10 days later the condition of general wound healing were dobserved,and immunohistochemical method was used to detect the epidermal growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor.[Results]Wound healing in the experimental group was obviously better than the control groupat 3,10 days;bFGF was significantly better in the experimental group than the control group at 3,7,10 days.The first 10 days,EGF significantly better than the control group.[Conclusion] Dermabrasion surgery Ⅱ° has a promotion effect on rat superficial burn wound healing.


It has previously been reported that gradual junction p-channel transistors can have shorter lifetimes under hot-carrier stress conditions than abrupt junction devices (see IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 39, p. 2290-98, 1992). Here, the work is extended to LDD (lightly doped drain) structures. p-MOS hot-carrier effects are examined for deep submicron structures with abrupt and LDD junctions. It is shown that, contrary to the case of n-MOS transistors, the lifetimes for hot-carrier stress of the LDD p-MOS transistors are actually shorter than their abrupt junction counterparts, in the range of LDD dopings examined here. This is explained in terms of two competing mechanisms, gate electronic injection, which decreases for the LDD junctions, and the size of the damage region in the oxide, which increases for the LDD junctions. It is concluded that using LDD-type structures for hot-carrier control does not automatically guarantee longer lifetimes.<<ETX>>


Introduction THEME 1: THINKING SOCIOLOGICALLY Discourse Globalization Modernity Postmodernity Rationalization Society Structure / Agency THEME 2: DOING SOCIOLOGY Ideal Type Qualitative / Quantitative Methods Realism Reflexivity Science Social construction THEME 3: ENVIRONMENT AND URBANISM Alienation Environment Industrialization Migration Risk Sustainable Development Urbanism THEME 4: STRUCTURES OF SOCIETY Bureaucracy Capitalism Consumerism Division of Labour Education Organization Religion THEME 5: UNEQUAL LIFE CHANCES Class and inequality Gender Intersectionality Patriarchy Poverty Race and Ethnicity Social mobility Status THEME 6: RELATIONSHIPS AND THE LIFECOURSE Community Family Life Course Network Sexuality Socialization THEME 7: INTERACTION AND COMMUNICATION Culture Identity Ideology Interaction Mass Media Public Sphere THEME 8: HEALTH, ILLNESS AND THE BODY Biomedicine Medicalization Sick Role Social Model of Disability Social Self Stigma THEME 9: CRIME AND SOCIAL CONTROL Anomie Deviance Labelling Moral Panic Restorative Justice Social Control Subculture THEME 10: POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY Authority Citizenship Conflict Civil Society Democracy Nation State Power Social Movement References


The X-rays of the narrow-spectrum N-series ranging from 40 kV to 150 kV were
 used to determine the radiation attenuation ability of a new category of a
 polymer composite fabricated for shielding purposes. High density
 polyethylene was synthesized through a compression molding technique, and
 incorporated with various filler amounts (10, 15, 25, and 35 wt.%) of bulk
 micro-sized WO 3 (Sample A), two WO 3 nanoparticles 45 nm (Sample B), and 24
 nm (Sample C). The WO 3 filler was identified and characterized using X-ray
 diffraction and a transmission electron microscope. The mass distribution of
 the chemical elements of the synthesized composites was determined by
 energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The obtained results of the different
 attenuation parameters revealed that the particle size and weight fraction
 of WO particles have an outstanding effect on the X-ray shielding ability of
 this composite. The 3 experimental measurements of the mass attenuation
 coefficients were compared to the theoretical values tabulated in the NIST
 databases XCOM and FFAST. The mass attenuation coefficient was increased
 with the increment of WO 3 wt.% as well as with the decrease of the WO 3
 particle size. This improvement in the attenuation parameters of the NP(C)
 composite suggests their promising applications in radiation protection at
 the diagnostic level.


Analytical potentiometry is a powerful technique to investigate multiple species in solution and their formation constants. However, there have been some difficulties in this method resulting primarily from the theoretical approach. In this paper we critically examined them and improvements have been implemented successfully. Suitable experimental designs are adapted and preliminary computation of potentiometric data are performed to minimize potential sources of errors. Criteria are proposed to choose the best set of titration curves. A correction is introduced to partially minimize the errors originating from the volume variation. A linear-scaled minimization algorithm has been implemented to extract the value of the complex stability constants from the experimental free ion concentrations. This has two advantages over the earlier non-linear minimization process. The execution time is faster and it facilitates the selection of the best fit of species. A series of 14 programs are introduced to run on a l...


1. Technical field to which the invention described in the claims belongs The present invention dissects not only the flesh of the fish body but also eggs and internal organs for each fish and several shellfish types before and after the purchase of fish and shellfish in order to maintain the freshness of the fish and shellfish to use each fish and shellfish collected at the production site for food. The dissection device that separates the clamshell (shellfish shell) and clam meat (food) into the shell body can be manufactured and installed in the kitchen so that it is connected to the process order of the cooking stage immediately after purchase. The present invention relates to a pneumatic controlled seafood dissection apparatus used for the method of dissecting fish and shellfish. 2. The technical problem to be solved by the invention The present invention is to provide a pneumatic control seafood dissection device to enhance the anatomical function through a plurality of tweezers-operated tweezers knives attached to each of a plurality of rows of anatomical compartments to maintain the freshness of seafood. 3. Summary of solution of invention -The present invention, the fish body of the workpiece (shellfish) into the interior of the dissection apparatus body as a belt conveyor device for the transfer of a certain amount to the air cylinder body for pneumatic sensor operation with a plurality of tweezers knife attached from the outside of each body according to the shape. When the workpiece passes through the upper side of the belt conveyor, it is equipped with a rice spatula-type cutlery, dishcloth or spray nozzle to advance the front and rear of the conveyor so that the fish body, eggs and internal organs can be taken out with multiple knife afts. , Repetition of retreat once more, rehabilitation of dissection status and hygiene management, dissection means for refrigeration and freezing at the same time, and solid muscle to keep clams on the clamshells Anatomy formed with a plurality of rows of FLPs used for hammer punching, etc., in which temples (called pouts) can be separated and disassembled In the field, several shells are displayed or bound to remove one clamshell using anatomical hand tools to check the freshness with the naked eye of the consumer like the abalone, which is a kind of abalone, so that the fair and reasonable trading of the trading parties can be established. The present invention relates to a pneumatic-controlled fish and shellfish dissecting apparatus further comprising dissecting means for simultaneously dissecting the clam meat into mollusks used for food. These dissection methods of the fish and shellfish of the present invention, when the fish is edible, a plurality of anatomical cutting boards for placing the fish (including various fish such as live fish) on a plurality of rod-shaped chopping board to fix the fish body To remove the skin with the head, the exhaust, the weapon, the abdomen, the blunt, and the microdermabrasion, the head part is squeezed, hooked, nailed, and covered with a cutting board to cover several fish bodies, eggs, and intestines. Installation of the facilities of the food manufacturing and processing industry of the Food and Drug Administration under the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Hygiene facilities and pneumatically controlled fish and shellfishes equipped with vehicles, refrigeration and freezing mechanisms, and ready-to-eat edible fish and shellfish in accordance with standards. It was to equip the device.


This land is your land, this land is my land, F r o m Cali fornia to the New York Island, F r o m the Redwood Forest to the Gul f Stream Water, This land was made for you and me. ( A r l o Guthrie, leading 500,000 demonstrators in song at the Washington Monument, November 15, 1969.) When we heard Richard N i x on lie to the nation on the night of November 3, my roommates and I decided that we had a moral responsibility to join the November 15th March on Washington. We had heard that a number of supporters of the October 15 Moratorium had spoken out against the march because of the possibility that a number of revolutionary groups, especially the Weatherman divi sion of SDS, would take over the march and use it for their own violent ends. But after l istening to 35 minutes of Richard N i x o n ly ing about the history of the Vietnam War, after hearing the President of the Bit ter early morning temperatures failed t o dampen the spirit of the marchers. United States talk about honor and saving face, after hearing the Vice-President of the United States talk about the "separat i o n " of dissidents from the mainstream of American society, we knew that we had to carry the struggle for peace to Washington itself. The days following Nixon's speech brought news about the security precautions which the government had prepared for November 15. We knew that the C i v i l Disorder Force in D.C. was a group of specialists i n the art of breaking riots—and heads. We knew what the 9,000 paratroopers from the 82nd A i r borne would be like. The guys in R O T C had told us a l l about their experiences at summer camp with the 82nd Airborne. The ROTC people would continually use words l ike "crazy," "insane." "maniacs," when talking about the paratroopers. Their marching song may give some indication as to the type of mentality that Richard Nixon picked to defend his city: " I wanna be an Airborne Ranger, l i v i n ' on blood, guts, and dan( Continued on Page 8)


Background High-throughput RNA proximity ligation assays are molecular methods that simultaneously analyze spatial proximity of many RNAs in living cells. Their principle is based on cross-linking, fragmentation, and consequent religation of RNAs followed by high-throughput sequencing. The generated fragments have two distinct types of splits, one resulting from pre-mRNA splicing, and the other resulting from ligating spatially close RNA strands. Findings Here, we present RNAcontacts, a universal pipeline for detecting RNA-RNA contacts in high-throughput RNA proximity ligation assays. It circumvents the inherent problem of mapping sequences with two distinct split types using a two-pass alignment, in which splice junctions are inferred from a control RNA-seq experiment on the first pass and then provided to the aligner on the second pass as bona fide introns. This approach allows for a more sensitive detection of RNA contacts and has higher specificity with respect to splice junctions that are present in the biological sample in comparison to previously developed methods. RNAcontacts extracts contacts, clusters their ligation points, computes the read support, and generates tracks for the visualization through the UCSC Genome Browser. It is implemented in a reproducible and scalable workflow management system Snakemake that allows fast and uniform processing of multiple datasets. Conclusions RNAcontacts represents a generic pipeline for the detection of RNA contacts that can be used with any proximity ligation method as long as one of the interacting partners is RNA. RNAcontacts is available via github at https://github.com/smargasyuk/RNAcontacts/


After the death of Samuel Taylor Coleridge in 1834, while Hazlitt, DeQuincey, Cottle, and Allsop were publishing unwise and sometimes unfounded accounts of his life, Henry Nelson Coleridge, the poet's nephew and Sara Coleridge's husband, thought that some effort should be made to prepare an authentic biography. His additions to the Biographia Literaria and his Table Talk of Samuel Taylor Coleridge show how well he succeeded.


Eleven species of Long-legged flies collected from two unstudied before localities in Bulgaria are presented in the current paper. The first locality is situated along the banks of the Yantra River (Northern Bulgaria) and the second one is in the Natural Park Sinita kamani (Southern Bulgaria). For Bulgaria the species Rhaphium laticorne (Fallen) was found in Pancharevo near Sofia in 1912. Since then it has not been reported. The present paper gives the second locality of this species.


Preface. Introduction. 1. Politics and Sociology in the Thought of Max Weber. 2. Marx, Weber and the Development of Capitalism. 3. Durkheima s Political Sociology. 4. Durkheim and the Question of Individualism. 5. Comte, Popper and Positivism. 6. a Powera in the Writings of Talcott Parsons. 7. The Improbable Guru: Re--reading Marcuse. 8. Garfinkel, Ethnomethodology and Hermeneutics. 9. Habermas on Labour and Interaction. 10. Foucault, Nietzsche and Marx. Notes. Index.


The effect of gamma radiation was studied on yeast survival in sugar-cane molasses. Molasses (65o Brix) was diluted to 11o Brix and inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain M-300-A) yeast. The samples were irradiated with doses of 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 kGy (Cobalt-60), at a 1.703 kGy/h rate. The samples were stored at 4, 18 and 32oC during 7 and 14 day periods. No unit-forming colony was detected at the doses of 5.0 and 6.0 kGy, immediately after irradiation. Gamma radiation was effective to control yeast proliferation on sugar-cane molasses right after irradiation. The samples stored at 4oC for periods of 7 and 14 day did not show yeast proliferation, however none of the radiation doses was effective in controlling yeast proliferation of samples stored at 18 and 32oC for periods of 7 and 14 days. The D10 (dose for ten-times population reduction) determined for the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in sugar-cane molasses, was 0.775 kGy.


This paper examines Louise Erdrich's practice of promoting the oral tradition and magical realism as a way of preserving Native American culture in Tracks. She writes stories in the novel to assimilate Native American culture in modern times and this ultimately helps the Native traditions to find their way to modern readers. She represents magical elements in a realistic manner totally opposed to western concepts of magical realism. This study argues that Erdrich uses stories and magical realism as a tool to not only promote Native American culture but also preserve it. It is qualitative research and Gerald Vizenor's Theory of Resistance and Survivance has been used to analyze the text. The textual analysis reveals that oral tradition and magical realism have deep roots in Native American culture and Erdrich uses them to promote as well as preserve this culture.


The Odin Teatret, which continues to produce new and exciting works, was originally formed in Oslo, Norway, in 1964. In 1966 the company moved to Holstebro, a small town near the west coast of Denmark, where it has been based ever since. In its 23-year history the company has mounted productions ranging from intimate studio pieces, for audiences as small as sixty or less, to huge street spectacles encapsulating whole villages at a time. The Odin has traveled extensively in Europe, South America, and Asia. It has established a major theatre center in Holstebro, where it publishes books, makes and rents films, and mounts workshops in collaboration with artists such as Jerzy Grotowski, Dario Fo, and JeanLouis Barrault; and it is the only state-supported pedagogical institute devoted to theatre research in Western Europe. Barba, the founder and artistic director of the Odin, began his theatre career as an assistant to Grotowski in the early sixties, long before Grotowski became known in the West. In fact, Barba was instrumental in introducing Grotowski to the world by organizing the Theatre Laboratory's first European tour, and through books and articles, including Towards a Poor Theatre, which Barba edited, and the famous Tulane Drama Review articles of 1965, written by Barba and Ludwig Flaszen, which were among the first materials published on Grotowski in the United States. Barba, unlike Grotowski, has remained in the theatre and is rec-


This Casenote/Comment is brought to you for free and open access by TU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tulsa Law Review by an authorized administrator of TU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact email@example.com. Recommended Citation A. S. McDaniel, The Good, the Bad, and the Unqualified: The Public Interest and the Unregulated Practice of General Contracting in Oklahoma, 29 Tulsa L. J. 799 (1993).


Background: Web of Science (WoS) is an online academic citation index provided by Thomson Reuters which supplies valuable bibliometric information for comparing impact of specific author, organization, or country in science production. The aim of this study was to compare toxicology publications of Iran and Turkey indexed in WoS from bibliometric point of view. Methods: The WoS database was queried based on keywords "Iran" and "Turkey" separately in the "Address" field and refined by "Toxicology" as a category. All records were transferred to Microsoft Excel® application. The dataset were analyzed from different perspectives, such as publication years, number of references and citations, authorship pattern, publications types, affiliated organizations, core subject areas and journals. Results: There were 1178 and 2240 publications that met the criteria during 1993-2011 for Iran and Turkey, respectively. Less than 2% of authors had published more than 25% of all toxicology papers in both countries. The average number of citation per article was about 3.48 for Iranian and 6.73 for Turkish papers. By the time of the analysis, 54.3% of Iranian and 31.6% of Turkish articles had not received any citation. Conclusion: This analysis reveals that top Iranian toxicologists had a better performance than their Turkish counterparts but overall authorship pattern was well-distributed among Turkish researchers and organizations. If Iranian authors desire to achieve first rank of toxicology articles in the Middle East region by 2025, they must try to increase the quantity and quality of their international publications.


Objective: To analyse diagnostic value of Es and LDH isoenzyme measurement in cirrhosis of liver and primary hepatocellular cance r(HCC). Methods: Serum esterase(Es) isoenzyme and lactate dehydrogen ase(LDH) isoenzyme were measured by using clinic isoenzyme diagnosis Kit on 18 cases with primary HCC, 40 cases with cirrhosis of liver and 40 cases of normal controls. Results: The study suggested that the activity of Es2 in cases with HCC and cirrhosis of liver was weakened or even disappeared in most of them, and it was significantly different when compared with that of controls (P0.01). The activity of LDH5 was strengthened in cases with HCC and it w as significantly different when compared with that of the cases with cirrohosis of liver and control (P0.05). Conclusion: Measurement of Es ha d higher sensitivity to diagnosis of cirrhosis of liver and HCC and it had an im portant clinical value if used together with measurement of LDH to diagnosis of cirrhosis of liver complicated by HCC.;


The invention relates to a precise seeding and seedling raising device for rice .At present, no precise seeding and seedling raising device for rice is provided .The device comprises a seedling raising disc and a seeding machine .The seedling raising disc comprises a seedling raising disc body .The device is characterized in that the bottom of the seedling raising disc body is provided with a plurality of water drainage adjusting holes, a plurality of seedling raising pots are arranged in the seedling raising disc body, the height of the seedling raising pots is 0.5-1.0 cm smaller than that of the seedling raising disc, the seeding machine comprises a box body and a plurality of seeding units, a negative cavity is arranged in the box body, the bottom of the box body is provided with a plurality of negative pressure holes, the box body is provided with an air extraction connector, each seeding unit comprises at least one seeding head, the bottom of each seeding head is provided with only one suction hole used for sucking one rice seed, the seeding heads are fixed to the bottom of the box body, each suction hole is connected with one negative pressure hole, and the seeding machine is matched with the seedling raising disc .The precise seeding and seedling raising device is convenient to use and capable of achieving precise seeding and seedling raising for rice.


The present study presents the results from examinations of bleak's endohelminth species and structure of helminth communities from the Bulgarian part of the Lower Danube River. In 2015 and 2016, on a seasonal manner, 91 specimens of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758) (bleak) were examined with standard techniques for parasites. Five species of parasites: Nicolla skrjabini (Ivanitzky, 1928), Ligula intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Acanthocephalus lucii (Müller, 1776), Pomphorhynchus laevis (Müller, 1776) and Contracoecum microcephalum (Stossich, 1890), larvae were identified. The analysis of the dominant structure of the found parasite species is presented to the component and infracommunities levels. All parasite species were accidental for the parasitic communities of examined fish with the exception of P. laevis and N. skrjabini. P. laevis was a core parasite species and N. skrjabini was a component parasite species for the helminth communities of bleak. The parasite communities of A. alburnus were discussed and compared with previous research data on parasite communities of bleak from River Danube in Bulgaria. New data for helminths and helminth communities of A. alburnus from Danube River (biotope Vetren) and their seasonal occurrence are presented.


In this papsr authors apply the ficticious source method in polar variables of the loaded graph and show the imthod of obtaining the matrix signal flow graphs of composite mechanical systems. Using the example of a model of a mining hoisting machins, dynamical flexibility function with factors of inverse transmittance matrix of path signal flow simple graph, was determined.


It is proved that two convex bodies K1, K2 ⊂ Ed are homothetic simplices if and only if thed-dimensional intersections K1 ∩ (z+ K2), z ∈ Ed, belong to at most countably many homothety equivalence classes of convex bodies in Ed.


The structure of [RuCl(6-hydroxypicolinato)(2,2′;6′,2″-terpyridine)]·(N,N-dimethylformamide) was determined by X-ray crystallography. The compound crystallized in a monoclinic system and was characterized thus: P21/c, a = 15.7325(19), b = 10.0621(10), c = 15.6422(19)A, β = 105.112(3)°, Z = 4, V = 2390.6(5)A3. The crystal structure was solved by the SIR97 direct method and refined by full-matrix least-squares on F2 to final values of R1 = 0.1155 and wR2 = 0.1018 for all data.


A multi-mission GEO satellite, COMS has three payloads including Ka-band communications, GOCI, and MI. COMS SGCS is the only system for monitor and control of the satellite in orbit. In order to fulfill the mission operations of the three payloads and spacecraft bus, COMS SGCS performs the following functions such as reception and processing of telemetry data via S-band link, planning and transmission of telecommand, tracking and ranging of the satellite, control and monitoring of SGCS equipment, analysis and simulation of the satellite, processing and analysis of flight dynamics data, and mission scheduling and reporting. By the proper functional allocations, COMS SGCS is divided into five subsystems such as TTC, ROS, MPS, FDS, and CSS. COMS SGCS is linked with MSC, KOSC, and IDACS for satellite related data exchange. The software in the COMS SGCS is designed using the object-oriented methodology and implemented using Microsoft C# .NET environment on Intel microprocessor based computers. The hardware in the COMS SGCS includes 13-m S-band mono-pulse Cassegrain antenna and RF/BB equipment. In this paper, development of the COMS SGCS is described with respect to system functional allocations, software and hardware design, system implementation, and system test.


8 The vertical velocity and air mass flux in convective clouds are statistically analyzed using 9 aircraft in-situ data collected from three field campaigns: High-Plains Cumulus (HiCu) 10 conducted over the mid-latitude High Plains, COnvective Precipitation Experiment (COPE) 11 conducted in a mid-latitude coastal area, and Ice in Clouds Experiment-Tropical (ICE-T), 12 conducted over a tropical ocean. This study yields the following results. (1) Small-scale updrafts 13 and downdrafts (< 500 m in diameter) are frequently observed in the three field campaigns, and 14 they make important contributions to the total air mass flux. (2) The probability density functions 15 (PDFs) of the vertical velocity are exponentially distributed. For updrafts, the PDFs of the 16 vertical velocity are broader in ICE-T and COPE than in HiCu; for downdrafts, the PDFs of the 17 vertical velocity are broader in HiCu and COPE than in ICE-T. (3) Vertical velocity profiles 18 1 Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., doi:10.5194/acp-2015-1021, 2016 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Chem. Phys. Published: 4 February 2016 c © Author(s) 2016. CC-BY 3.0 License.


Berkley, Inc. has developed a new concept for artificial fish habitat. The habitat consists of a marble weight with a group of specially designed polypropylene filaments attached. The filaments float upward from the weight resembling natural aquatic structure. The product is effective in providing cover for larval fish as well as congregating adult fish. In addition, the product is safe, durable and poses no pollution potentials. Due to its ease in placement it is an economical alternative to other types of artificial habitat.


In the article it is made an attempt to constructthe syntactic idioms recognition algorithm for four wordstext sequence. Based on the results of previous theoretical studies we highlighted formal and statistical criteriathat enable to distinguish syntactic idioms fromother language units in the corpus of Ukrainian language texts.


Change in the mean performance of WLH population under the influence of constant selection over six generations was evaluated. The traits studied were Age at first egg, Egg weights and Egg production at 40 & 64 weeks ofage. The phenotypic and genetic response revealed that the Age at first egg declined gradually from base generation to the current generation. The phenotypic response of Age at first egg was -1.5 days in IWD and -0.80 days in IWF strain, where as the genetic response was estimated as 0.17±0.14 and 0.21±0.28 days respectively. The phenotypic response of egg weight was negative estimated as -0.61 and -1.58 gms respectively. The genetic response was 0.57±0.17 gms in IWD strain and 0.23±0.13 gms in IWF strain. The phenotypic response ofegg production at 40 and 64 weeks in IWD was 4.3 and 6.6 while in IWF strain 3.7 & 6.5 eggs respectively. Corresponding genetic response were 0.16±0.24 & 0.15±0.21 eggs in IWD and 0.58±0.51 & 0.08±0.09 eggs in IWF strain. These values indicated that as the egg number increases egg weight showed a declining trend. There was significant increase in number of eggs produced from base generations to the current generations in both the strains.


A technique is proposed for measuring characteristics related to the grain-pore distribution of granular deposits without disturbing the original granular structure. The technique consists of successive phases of impregnation with two different types of grout, resulting in fixing the original grain configuration in a hard epoxy matrix. Thin sections are then readily obtained and allow determination of the required characteristics along any given line or plane within the porous deposit. The successive steps of the experimental technique are described in detail and are accompanied by illustrations and sample calculations. The technique is expected to have a wide range of applications in research related to the study of granular materials.


266 Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed ubiquitously in prostate adenocarcinoma, and the intensity of expression increases with disease aggressiveness. Exploiting PSMA for therapy could potentially be aided by a minimally invasive means for measuring PSMA on tumor cells. Here we describe the development and characteristics of a novel assay for quantitating PSMA on canonical and non-canonical circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Methods: The PSMA CTC test was developed using LNCaP (high PSMA), 22Rv1 (low PSMA) and PC3 (no PSMA) cells spiked into normal blood. Nucleated blood cells were plated onto glass slides and subjected to immunofluorescent staining followed by CTC identification using the Pyxis Scanning Platform at Epic Sciences. The four-color assay evaluated PSMA expression on individual CTCs, identified as cells which are cytokeratin+, CD45-, and with an intact DAPI nucleus. Multiple antibody clones and assay conditions were evaluated, and the final PSMA CTC test has high ...


Sociophysics is a field that studies social behaviour using theories and techniques from topics such as statistical physics. In particular, it has become fashionable to use Monte Carlo simulations to explain and predict sociological phenomena. The Deffuant model is a popular mathematical model in sociophysics. Each individual holds an opinion in a certain real interval, and the opinion distribution of the population evolves with sequential random pairwise encounters. A pair of interacting individuals update their opinions towards a compromise if and only if their opinions differ by less than a given threshold called 'confidence bound'. Incorporating network structure allows one to take into account heterogeneity of interactions in a population. We study the Deffuant model on networks by considering different network structures and interaction mechanisms between pairs of individuals. In particular, we show how convergence time and the number of opinion groups at equilibrium are affected by network topology, confidence bound, the number of participating agents, and their willingness to change their minds. We use numerical simulations to explore the opinion dynamics of the Deffuant model on networks and conduct regression analysis to model observed phenomena. Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisors for their patient guidance and sage advice throughout this project. I am also grateful to Dr John D. Hunter and other contributors to the MATPLOTLIB library for Python.


Method and optical system for the transmission of signals Described is a method for the transmission of the signals, comprising:
- transmitting via a first transmission path (46) a first signal (V1) in a first frequency range and a second signal (V2) in a second frequency range,
- the first frequency range is different from the second frequency range,
- the first signal (V1) is the same as the second signal (V2).


INTRODUCTION: Cranioplasty is a technically simple procedure, but one with potentially high rates of complications. Ideal timing of cranioplasty should minimize the risk of complications, but research investigating cranioplasty timing and risk of complications has generated diverse findings. METHODS: We conducted a single institution retrospective review of patients undergoing cranioplasty after trauma. Patients were identified and clinical and demographic variables obtained from 2 neurotrauma databases. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on timing of cranioplasty: early (= 90 days after craniectomy), intermediate (91-180 days after craniectomy) and late (>180 days after craniectomy). We also conducted a subgroup analysis in TBI patients who underwent ultra-early cranioplasty (<6 weeks, after craniectomy). RESULTS: Of 435 patients identified, 141 patients underwent early cranioplasty, 187 patients received intermediate cranioplasty, and 107 patients underwent late cranioplasty. A total of 54 patients underwent ultra-early cranioplasty. Among the total cohort, the mean rate of post-op hydrocephalus was 2.8%, the rate of seizure was 4.6%, the rate of post-operative hematoma was 3.4%, and the rate of infection was 6.0%. The total complication rate for the entire population was 16.8%. There was no significant difference in complications between any of the 3 groups. No significant differences in post-operative complications were found comparing the ultra-early cranioplasty group with all other patients combined. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of TB patients, early cranioplasty, including ultra-early procedures, were not associated with higher rates of complications.


Technological innovations and increased demand for electronic devices resulted in production of more and more waste with highmetal content. Worldwide, 50 million tons of WEEE (Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment) are generated each year. Giventhe metal content present in electrical waste (e-waste), it is considered to be an urban mine and, if properly treated, can serve as analternative secondary source of metals. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) that constitute approx. 3-5% of WEEE by weight areof particular importance. They contain, on average, 30-40% of metals by weight, with higher purity than in minerals. With environmental and economic benefits in mind, increasing attention is being paid to the development of processes to recover metals and othervaluable materials from WPCBs. The research presented in the article aimed at assessing the usefulness of the biotechnological methodfor leaching of selected metals from e-waste. The results indicate that it is possible to mobilize metals from WPCBs using microorganisms such as Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans bacteria


Summary.  We studied clinical outcome and clinico‐virological factors associated with hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBV‐R) following cancer treatment in hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)‐negative/anti‐hepatitis B core antibodies (anti‐HBcAb)‐positive patients. Between 11/2003 and 12/2005, HBV‐R occurred in 7/84 HBsAg‐negative/anti‐HBcAb‐positive patients treated for haematological or solid cancer. Virological factors including HBV genotype, core promoter, precore, and HBsAg genotypic and amino acid (aa) patterns were studied. Patients presenting with reactivation were men, had an hepatitis B virus surface antibody (HBsAb) titre <100 IU/L and underwent >1 line of chemotherapy (CT) significantly more frequently than controls. All were treated for haematological cancer, 3/7 received haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and 4/7 received rituximab. Using multivariate analysis, receiving >1 line of CT was an independent risk factor for HBV‐R. Fatal outcome occurred in 3/7 patients (despite lamivudine therapy in two), whereas 2/4 survivors had an HBsAg seroconversion. HBV‐R involved non‐A HBV genotypes and core promoter and/or precore HBV mutants in all cases. Mutations known to impair HBsAg antigenicity were detected in HBV DNA from all seven patients. HBV DNA could be retrospectively detected in two patients prior cancer treatment and despite HBsAg negativity. HBV‐R is a concern in HBsAg‐negative/anti‐HBcAb‐positive patients undergoing cancer therapy, especially in males presenting with haematological cancer, a low anti‐HBsAb titre and more than one chemotherapeutic agent. HBV DNA testing is mandatory to improve diagnosis and management of HBV‐R in these patients. The role of specific therapies such as rituximab or HSCT as well as of HBV aa variability deserves further studies.


According to conventional theory, the tort liability system serves two objectives: compensating injured persons, and causing other persons to internalize the costs of their errors and thus to guard against them in the future. The system is driven by the energies of the claimant, whose self-interest in obtaining compensation is compatible with the larger social goal of reducing future risks. This coincidence of private and public objectives occurs both within the formal liability system and in the more frequent instances where the resolution of a claim is privately negotiated rather than publicly adjudicated—so long as the bargaining takes place, to steal a phrase, in the shadow of the law. There is good evidence that the tort liability system does not work that way in practice. And, to a considerable extent, those who are interested in satisfying either of the two objectives have gone their separate ways. Alternative dispute resolution procedures such as mediation have been developed and promoted as efficient techniques for resolving claims (the compensation objective), while quality improvement initiatives in health care have largely ignored the claims process as an avenue for effective error reduction. Ironically, devices such as the National Practitioner Data Bank that have attempted to facilitate the link between compensation and risk reduction are suspected by some of having exacerbated the difficulties in achieving more effective forms of claims resolution. Recent empirical studies have demonstrated in a very sturdy way that the predominant motivation of iatrogenically-injured claimants is not the need or desire for economic compensation. Rather, claimants are often simply at-


Objective To investigate the cause and transmission of an outbreak of erythromelalgia in the Third Middle School of Anren,and to provide a scientific basis for developing prevention and control measures. Methods An epidemiological survey on erythromelalgia was conducted in the Third Middle School of Anren.And the surveyed data were analyzed with SPSS13.0 statistical software. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rates of six age-groups(χ2=2.13,P0.05),so did in six grade-groups(χ2=1.96,P0.05).The incidence rate of female group was significantly higher than that of male group(χ2=17.78,P0.01).The incidence rate of resident students was higher than that of non-resident students(χ2=124.85,P0.01). Conclusions An outbreak of erythromelalgia in the Third Middle School of Anren was determined.It might be related to malnutrition and poor warm facilities.To avoid erythromelalgia outbreak,we should improve the warm condition in schools,strengthen the excise training in students,enhance their nutrition,and reinforce the publicity and education.


Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to elucidate culturally relevant psychological, social and disease specific variables affecting life style decision making process of South Asian patients with type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Methods: We conducted a series of 20 focus group interviews with 200 adult South Asian patients with type 2 diabetes .Focus group interviews were audio taped and transcripts were coded using qualitative data analysis software. Results: The prevalent and most frequent themes that emerged from these interviews were 1) the impact of diabetes manifested in psychological terms "frustrated", fear of complications "wonder if I am next" ; 2) concept of religion ( God ) as an important factor in the course of the disease, complications and fatality; 3) diabetes related stress "being watched "and feeling guilty ; 4) patient-doctor interaction manifested in lack of empathy ,lack of continuity of care and using medical jargon ; 5) improper health education seen in terms of lack of privacy and didactic education ; 6) locus of control was external among most respondents "doctors are not helping us" ; 7) diet was explained in terms of "bondage" and "nourishing power" ; 8) medications intake was a problem in terms of ""skipping pills", and the use of insulin as" a punishment" ; 9) empowerment was lacking among most respondents "fear of looking at the machine", " we need to sit together in a group"; 10) health belief as an important factor in diabetes management, being in control and belief in efficacy. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that factors influencing diabetes management among South Asian patients with type 2 diabetes are best understood by considering religious factors, psychosocial influences and health system related factors.


This thesis uses "Methods of Teaching Japanese" as an example to elaborate on the concept of Japanese teacher training specialized course's course design as well as the actual teaching activities. The writer believes that this type of course that aims for a certain type of vocational knowledge and skills should emphasize on (theory + application) and also (specialized + Japanese) during the teaching process. For the purpose of putting the above two main goals into practice, the writer mainly applies the following four methods in the actual teaching process of "Methods of Teaching Japanese" courses.1. Received Knowledge: Knowledge related to Japanese teaching.2. Experiential Knowledge: Practical training activities such as "simulated course teaching".3. The application of CALL4. Prompting students to reflect and learn from the reports they handed in after the "simulated course teaching".Building up of the students' Japanese proficiency and providing them with actual practical training environment are the goals that this course still needs to work hard to achieve.


Many approaches to understanding social decision making use formalized models that account for costs and benefi ts to predict how individuals should choose. While these types of models are appropriate for describing social behavior at the ultimate level— accounting for the fi tness consequences of different patterns of behavior—they do not necessarily refl ect the proximate mechanisms used by decision makers. It is argued that a focus on psychological mechanisms is essential for understanding the causes of decision making in a social context. Focus is on the behavior of human children to elucidate the psychological capacities that are foundational for the developmental emergence of social decision making in humans. In particular, evidence is presented across a wide range of contexts to indicate that young children appear to focus on the underlying psychological states of potential social partners in cooperative contexts. This suggests that many types of social decisions may be driven by intention attribution, not explicit utility calculations. It is proposed that a comprehensive theory of social decision making must address both questions about ultimate function as well as integrate empirical studies of the psychological instantiation of these processes. Developmental approaches are particularly informative, as they elucidate the origins of decision making as well as the factors that shape them into their mature form seen in adults.


Acceptance of the legitimacy of a particular performance style for a given repertoire is determined in part by considerations that are, in a broad sense, political. This assertion is explored through an examination of the social purposes that have been served by the notion of historically informed performance (HIP) in the case of South African performances of Handel's choral music, especially Messiah . Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of aesthetic distinction and habitus provide the starting point for an analysis of the representation of HIP as good taste. The socially exclusive implications of this are pursued through a consideration of Caesar Ndlovu's critique of the establishment of HIP as a norm for adjudication in choral competitions.
 South African Journal of Musicology Vol. 23 2003: 1-11


In February 1994, symptoms consistent with angular leaf spot were found on strawberry plants on three properties in the Kenton Valley region of South Australia. To confirm the identity of the causal organism, bacteria were isolated from affected tissue and processed for analysis using whole genome DNA fmgerprinting and repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Whole genome and PCR fingerprints from the isolated bacteria were compared to those generated from known isolates of Xanthomonas fragariae originally collected from New South Wales and New Zealand in 1975 and 1971–2, respectively The 1994 South Australian isolates exhibited a high degree of similarity to the New South Wales and New Zealand isolates, confirming their identity as X. fragariae. The New South Wales and New Zealand isolates had identical genomic and PCR fingerprints, suggesting that they were derived from the same source, in all probability a multiplication scheme from which both areas obtained runners in the early 1970s. The differences between the 1994 outbreak and those in New South Wales and New Zealand show that a separate introduction of X. fragariae into South Australia has occurred in recent times. These three outbreaks highlight the problems of relying on passive detection of this bacterium, which requires specific environmental conditions for symptom expression.


Data structure is an important professional basic course for computer majors.Inside the program is long and difficult.Students in higher vocational education is poor in foundation, are usually not well in computer language, so that they generally feel very difficult to learn it.Using traditional teaching methods to achieve good results is almost impossible.And using case teaching method can avoid to describe the data structure and algorithm abstractly, reduce the difficulty of knowledge, emphasis on practical ability, highlight the characteristics of higher vocational education.


Omeprazole is a proton‐pump inhibitor which is widely used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERD). Previous studies show that omeprazole exhibits possible anti‐tumorigenic properties in preclinical models of colon cancer. However, no systematic studies were carried to establish the potential anti‐carcinogenic potential of omeprazole using established animal models of colon cancer. In the present study, omeprazole was evaluated for its colon cancer chemopreventive properties using azoxymethane (AOM)‐induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as a efficacy endpoint in F344 rats. In addition, we analyzed the growth inhibitory effects and induction of apoptosis in human colon cancer HCA‐7 cells. We also studied its possible anti‐inflammatory properties in Raw 264.7 macrophage cell line. Prior to efficacy studies we evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of omeprazole. For MTD assay, seven week‐old rats were fed either control AIN‐76 diet, diets containing 5 different dose levels of omeprazole (100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm) for six weeks. Based on body weight gain and toxicity symptoms, the MTD of Omeprazole is found to be ∼600 ppm. To evaluate the inhibitory properties of omeprazole on colonic ACF, seven‐week‐old male F344 rats were fed experimental diets containing 0, 200, and 400 ppm of omeprazole. One week later, rats received s.c. injections of azoxymethane (AOM) (15 mg/kg body wt., once weekly for two weeks) or equal volume of normal saline (vehicle). Rats were continued on experimental diets for seven weeks before being sacrificed. Colons were evaluated histopathologically for ACF and immunohistochemistry for PCNA marker to assess the crypt cell proliferation. Administration of omeprazole at 400 ppm significantly suppressed total colonic ACF formation (∼30%, p Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):A141.


A unified physically-based representation of the microstructure in martensitic steels is developed to investigate its effects on the initiation and evolution of failure modes at different physical scales that occur due to a myriad of factors, such as texture, grain size and shape, grain heterogeneous microstructures, and grain boundary (GB) misorientations and distributions. The microstructural formulation is based on a dislocation-density based multiple-slip crystal plasticity model that accounts for variant distributions, orientations, and morphologies. This formulation is coupled to specialized finite-element methods to predict the scale-dependent heterogeneous microstructure, and failure phenomena such as shearstrain localization, and void coalescence.


Ben Hayes is a co-editor of The Secure and the Dispossessed, TNI fellow who has worked for the civil liberties organisation Statewatch since 1996, specialising in national and international security policies. He is the author of NeoConOpticon: The EU Security-Industrial Complex (Transnational Institute, 2009) and has written widely on the impact of counter-terrorism on human rights, peace-building and civil society; on border control and the development of 'Fortress Europe'; and on surveillance before and after Edward Snowden. EN ES MY


Monodispersed spherical nano-TiO2 powder of anatase was prepared with the homogeneous precipitation method from the industrial titaniferous solution and urea.The effect of doping of La3+,Fe3+,Co2+ and Al3+ on the nano-TiO2 grain size was discussed,and their mechanisms were analyzed in this paper.The experimental results indicate that the grain size decreases significantly,and the crystal phase remains the anatase type when the ions are doped.No characteristic peaks of the doped ions were found,the ion doping can be considered as the displacement doping.


Abstract : This report details a comparison of fatigue growth predictions for a fatigue crack in the lower plate of the F-111 Wing Pivot Fitting, adjacent to Fuel Flow Hole No 58. This is a known fatigue critical location and is designated as DI 86. Fatigue analysis using conventional fracture mechanics techniques and empirical retardation models performed by the manufacturer, Lockheed Martin Tactical Aircraft Systems (then General Dynamics), predicted a fatigue life of approximately 57,000 flight hours. An equivalent analysis was conducted using the analytical crack closure code, FASTRAN II, and this resulted in a life prediction of about 25,000 flight hours. Spectrum differences provide a partial explanation. A FASTRAN II analysis using a spectrum based on an in-flight strain measurement system known as AFDAS produced a shorter life again. Further work is underway to quantify the difference in the predictions due to spectrum differences, and that due to analysis techniques.


This paper suggests some ideas about ecology and design. Author thinks that environmental landscape design should based on the idea of ecological principle. In this article, some planning methods are introduced.


9717 Background: We are conducting a phase II trial of the proteasome inhibitor, PS-341, with or without irinotecan in patients (pts) with AGA. Effects of PS-341 downstream of the 26S proteasome are poorly understood. The overall aims are to assess the effects of PS-341 on gene expression in AGA using microarray analysis of paired tissue samples obtained pre- and post-treatment and to correlate the expression profiles with clinical outcome.

METHODS
Gastric or gastroesophageal (GE) tumor samples obtained by fine needle aspiration or endoscopic biopsies prior to treatment and 24h post PS-341 administration were assessed. Tissue was collected in RNAlater (Qiagen), homogenized in lysis buffer, processed for total RNA isolation using the RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen), and analyzed using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. RNA amplification, in vitro transcription, labeling, and fragmentation were performed according to Affymetrix protocol. Samples were hybridized to test 3 chip (Affymetrix) to assess the quality, followed by hybridization to the human U133 A chip (Affymetrix) containing 14,593 genes. Chips were scanned using the Affymetrix scanner.

RESULTS
Nine pts have been enrolled; 7 are evaluable. Five pts were treated with the combination of irinotecan and PS-341, and 2 with PS-341 alone. All pts were eligible and the 7 treated pts were fully evaluable. Paired samples from 3 pts have been fully analyzed. 196 genes changed significantly (p<0.05) between pre- and post- treatment. Expression levels of 73/196 genes changed by ≥ 2-fold. Of note, RUNX1, a member of the three-gene family encoding the runt domain transcription factor, was downregulated. RUNX3 was recently identified as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer.

CONCLUSIONS
Patterns of gene expression in AGA changed significantly following treatment with PS-341 alone or in combination with irinotecan. Evidence for induction or repression of specific pathways will identify targets for study. We plan to identify patterns of gene expression that are predictive of response to PS-341 in gastric tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


This study discovers the new, poorly understood phenomena of ""Decentralized autonomous organizations"" or DAOs. Posited by blockchain technology, DAOs provide an alternative solution to the collec...


An article based on a paper with the full title 'The application ofsilicon controlled rectifiers to the control of electrical machines',which is published this month in the Proceedings.


The study examined emotional intelligence as a predictor of academic performance among secondary school students in Makurdi Metropolis of Benue State. Descriptive survey design was used. Three hypotheses guided the study. 375 out of 3,754 SS II students were used for the study. Data was collected using Emotional Intelligence Scale and Achievement Test in Mathematics with reliability coefficient of 0.72 and 0.74 respectively. Descriptive statistics and Multiple Regression Analysis were used for data analysis. Result showed that there is positive relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance. It also showed that emotional intelligence components (self-awareness managing emotion, motivating oneself, empathy and social skills) had significant combined impact on academic performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that emotional quotient should be incorporated into the existing educational programme in order to promote students' achievement in the present and secure their success for the future.


Institution of absolutism is always related to horrible means,which is shown by enhancing the authority of imperial officials in disciplining others by various means.The authoritative principle of appointing ancient Chinese officials is maintained for a long time and in a degree plays the important role of standardizing the whole bureaucratic class and safeguarding the positive operation of its powers.However,the authority of imperial officials brings forth large negative impact.


Reverse-time migration (RTM) directly solves the two-way wave equation for wavefield propagation, and for this reason, how to solve the wave equation accurately and quickly is very important in the process of RTM. Staggered-grid finite-difference (SFD) operators have been widely used to solve seismic wave equations. However, the conventional SFD operators are usually based on the Taylor series expansion. If they are used to solve wave equation on a larger frequency zone, a strong dispersion will occur, which directly affects the modelling accuracy and image quality. In this paper, we propose an optimal SFD operator based on least squares to solve acoustic wave equation for prestack RTM, and obtain a new antidispersion RTM algorithm that can use short spatial difference operators. The numerical results demonstrate that the least squares SFD (LSSFD) operator can clearly suppress the numerical dispersion on the larger frequency zone, and the acoustic RTM using the LSSFD operator can effectively improve imaging quality comparing with that using the Taylor-series expansion SFD (TESFD) operator. Additionally, the LSSFD method can adopt a shorter spatial difference operator to reduce the computing cost while preserving the modelling and imaging accuracy.


A smeared cracking approach is developed in this paper to simulate the crack propagation in plain concrete caused by coupled heat transfer and moisture transport processes. The cracking state of each concrete element is described using an original concept—local relative crack density (LRCD). Furthermore, a numerical relationship between LRCD and the moisture transport property is proposed to consider the accelerating influence of crack propagation on moisture diffusion. Finally, a global relative crack density is suggested to denote the cracking state of the entire concrete structure, which may serve as an appropriate index to evaluate the overall deterioration level of the structure. A finite element-based computational methodology is developed to simulate the coupled thermohydrochemomechanical deterioration processes, and is expanded further to implement the simulation of crack propagation. The proposed method establishes a reasonable analytical basis for quantitative long-term durability assessment of ...


In this paper, we prove that on a Fano manifold $M$ which admits a K\"ahler-Ricci soliton $(\om,X)$, if the initial K\"ahler metric $\om_{\vphi_0}$ is close to $\om$ in some weak sense, then the weak K\"ahler-Ricci flow exists globally and converges in Cheeger-Gromov sense. Moreover, if $\vphi_0$ is also $K_X$-invariant, then the weak modified K\"ahler-Ricci flow converges exponentially to a unique K\"ahler-Ricci soliton nearby. Especially, if the Futaki invariant vanishes, we may delete the $K_X$-invariant assumption. The methods based on the metric geometry of the space of the K\"ahler metrics are potentially applicable to other stability problem of geometric flow near a critical metric.


This paper presents a calibration of resistance factors based on the statistical data of 65 conventional top-down compression load tests of drilled shafts embedded in clay, sand, mixed soil/weak rock layers, respectively, collected in the NCHRP Project 24-17 sponsored by FHWA. The field test data were used to determine the actual measured total resistance while the in-situ soil and rock properties and dimensions of drilled shafts were used to calculate the predicted total resistance using the SHAFT program consistent with FHWA (1999) method. The Monte Carlo simulation method was selected to perform the calibration. Based on the normally distributed loads and lognormally distributed resistance from the test data, the resistance factors for Strength I limit state were determined at a target reliability index of 3.0 and compared with those in literature. ABSTRACT: This paper presents a calibration of resistance factors based on the statistical data of 65 conventional top-down compression load tests of drilled shafts embedded in clay, sand, mixed soil/weak rock layers, respectively, collected in the NCHRP Project 24-17 sponsored by FHWA. The field test data were used to determine the actual measured total resistance while the in-situ soil and rock properties and dimensions of drilled shafts were used to calculate the predicted total resistance using the SHAFT program consistent with FHWA (1999) method. The Monte Carlo simulation method was selected to perform the calibration. Based on the normally distributed loads and lognormally distributed resistance from the test data, the resistance factors for Strength I limit state were determined at a target reliability index of 3.0 and compared with those in literature.


Objective\ A series of measurements have been carried out to test the technical and environmental protective properties of a coating.Methods By means of tests,laboratory and in site monitoring,the specifications,toxicity and radon mitigating efficiency of the coating were identified.Results The technical specifications of the coating are up to the grade one of GB/T9756-1995.It is odourless and non toxic.Its radon mitigating efficiency is over 80%,and is of long term stablility.Conclusion The environmental protective and radon mitigating coating can be used as a mean of indoor radon mitigation,and can be applied widely.


Municipal websites serve as central platforms for local governments to share information with the public. They offer authoritative, up-to-date, and free access for researchers to collect city-level data. However, until now, a comprehensive and accurate database of municipal web addresses did not exist. Here, we introduce a complete and manually verified dataset containing information on whether a municipality has an official website and, if so, what its web address is, of all 19,518 municipalities in the United States. With this dataset, researchers can easily conduct systematic searches on municipal official websites for self-defined keywords. The search results are well-suited for text-based analytics. This new data source benefits urban scholars who struggle to access high-quality local data for nationwide studies and contributes to narrowing the data gap.


The paper examines share allocation practices of over 300 initial public offerings (IPO) in Hong Kong during the years immediately following the enacting of a "Claw-Back" provision for IPO share reallocation. The examination of exhaustive micro-level data reveals that small (uninformed, retail) investors earn higher initial returns than large investors. Before the enacting of the "Claw-Back" provision, small investors were unfavorably treated in relation to large investors. The pattern now prevailing in the proportion of shares allocated to small and large investors also differs from that observed previously. When attempting to isolate the determinants of IPO underpricing in Hong Kong, the paper also shows that both the "informed demand" hypothesis and the signaling effect of underwriters' reputation are significant determinants of underpricing. Such result, not visible when pooled OLS regressions are used, becomes apparent through the use of a system of simultaneous equations. JEL: G24, 32


"Splendid Little Papers" recovers a forgotten moment in the print culture history of U.S. empire by examining a handful of newspapers and periodicals—Bounding Billow, American Soldier, Manila Outpost, and Volunteer—that were founded and written by and for U.S. soldiers in the Philippines and Cuba during the Spanish-American War. Foregrounding their status as periodicals, this essay argues that soldier papers used the formal technologies of print to remap the nation's relationship with the world and in the process helped their readers see themselves as part of an imagined community of empire.


This paper analyzed the influence of the bit transition to acquire the weak GPS signal. To improve the acquisition performance, an algorithm based on the differential coherent and half-bit algorithm was proposed. The proposed method involves a differential correlator and the half-bit coherent operation to eliminate the attenuation brought by the bit transition, and a frequency domain technique is also introduced to reduce the computational complexity. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the detection sensitivity is improved about 1.7dB compared with the FMDBZP method, and 1.9dB compared with the DCC method.


(51) Int. Cl. GO2B 2L/02 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 359/659 (57) ABSTRACT An antireflective film is provided between a resist layer and a silicon oxide layer formed on a Surface of a silicon Substrate, for exposure of the resist layer in an exposure system having a wavelength of 190 nm to 195 nm and a numerical aperture NA of 0.93 to 1.2. Assuming that the complex refractive indexes of upper and lower layers con stituting the antireflective film are N (=n-ki) and N. (=n-ki), respectively, and the thicknesses of both layers are d and d, when a predetermined combination of values of no ko, do no ko, d20) is selected, nj, k, di, n2 k2. and d satisfy the relational expression


In order to improve the detection rate of AM-EAS system, The paper puts forward an new signal detection model (IAFSA-SVM) combined with the Improved Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (IAFSA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) .the paper analyzed the advantage and defect of AFSA, and proposed the improved scheme, The simulation results show that IAFSA than AFSA, GA and PSO has a better ability of parameters optimization about SVM, The model based on the optimized SVM compared with the traditional AM label detection algorithm has markedly improved in detection rate and false positives, and satisfies the requirement of real-time detection in engineering application. Introduction The Electronic Article Surveillance [1] (AM-EAS) is designed by the Principle of Tuning Fork; it's widely applied in the retail industry. About the study of AM-EAS, The focus of the research is electromagnetic radiation and the detecting algorithm of label. The current domestic products are mostly using the label detection algorithm with FFT and SNR. Although the two algorithms show the characteristics of high sensitivity and instantaneity, but the detection rate is low. The researchers tried to merge the two algorithms and adopted the detecting method of double threshold, but the omission phenomenon is serious in practical application. In order to improve the detection rate of AM-EAS, the paper puts forward a model (IAFSA-SVM) of tag signal detection that is a blend of the Improved Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm [2] (IAFSA) and the Support Vector Machine [3] (SVM). The simulation based on UCI data shows that the IAFSA compared with the ASFA, Genetic Algorithm(GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization [4] (PSO) reflects a better ability of parameters optimization, and the optimized SVM model's accuracy is higher. IAFSA-SVM model compared with FFT and SNR reflects the characteristics of the higher detection rate and farther detection distance in practical test, the module also can meet the requirements of real-time detection. Material and Methods The Support Vector Machine. The samples could be divided into two categories by hyperplane that keeps the largest interval of sample's classification [5].There are linearly separable data: n i y R x y x i n i i i ,...... 1 }, 1 , 1 { , ), , (     The Classification function was: b x w x f T   ) ( (1) Due to the margin was the largest, so the classification function could be converted into the problem of quadratic programming.


The protection system for transformer has play significant role in avoiding severe damage to equipment when disturbance occur and ensure overall system reliability. One of the methodology that widely used in protection scheme and algorithm is discrete wavelet transform. However, characteristic of coefficient under fault condition must be analyzed to ensure its effectiveness. So, this paper proposed study and analysis on wavelet coefficient characteristic when fault occur in transformer in both high- and low-frequency component from discrete wavelet transform. The effect of internal and external fault on wavelet coefficient of both fault and normal phase has been taken into consideration. The fault signal has been simulate using transmission connected to transformer experimental setup on laboratory level that modelled after actual system. The result in term of wavelet coefficient shown a clearly differentiate between wavelet characteristic in both high and low frequency component that can be used to further design and improve detection and classification algorithm that based on discrete wavelet transform methodology in the future.


We study the global stability of pathogen dynamics models with saturated pathogen-susceptible and infected-susceptible incidence. The models incorporate antibody immune response and three types of discrete or distributed time delays. We first show that the solutions of the model are nonnegative and ultimately bounded. We determine two threshold parameters, the basic reproduction number and antibody response activation number. We establish the existence and stability of the steady states. We study the global stability analysis of models using Lyapunov method. The numerical simulations have shown that antibodies can reduce the pathogen progression.We study the global stability of pathogen dynamics models with saturated pathogen-susceptible and infected-susceptible incidence. The models incorporate antibody immune response and three types of discrete or distributed time delays. We first show that the solutions of the model are nonnegative and ultimately bounded. We determine two threshold parameters, the basic reproduction number and antibody response activation number. We establish the existence and stability of the steady states. We study the global stability analysis of models using Lyapunov method. The numerical simulations have shown that antibodies can reduce the pathogen progression.


The DrylabG software (LC Resources, Lafayette, CA, USA) was applied for optimization of HPLC resolution of some nucleosides in the reversed-phase systems. TWo preliminary runs based on linear gradient range of acetonitrile (ACN) from 0% (pure buffer) to 20% and of methanol (MeOH) from 0% to 50% are shown to be satisfactory for optimization of the resal ution. A good agreement between simulated and experimental chromatograms was observed.


We calculate the alternating number of torus knots with braid index 4 and less. For the lower bound, we use the upsilon-invariant recently introduced by Ozsv\'ath, Stipsicz, and Szab\'o. For the upper bound, we use a known bound for braid index $3$ and a new bound for braid index $4$. Both bounds coincide, so that we obtain a sharp result.


Despite the potential of federated learning, it is known to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Many robust federated aggregation methods are proposed to reduce the potential backdoor risk. However, they are mainly validated in the CV field. In this paper, we find that NLP backdoors are hard to defend against than CV, and we provide a theoretical analysis that the malicious update detection error probabilities are determined by the relative backdoor strengths. NLP attacks tend to have small relative backdoor strengths, which may result in the failure of robust federated aggregation methods for NLP attacks. Inspired by the theoretical results, we can choose some dimensions with higher backdoor strengths to settle this issue. We propose a novel federated aggregation algorithm, Dim-Krum, for NLP tasks, and experimental results validate its effectiveness.


Screening studies of the oxidation characteristics of binary alloys of columbium (Ref. 1) showed that chromium was an additive element worthy of intensive study. The screening studies showed that chromium additions were especially helpful in decreasing the oxidation rate of columbium at 10000deg C and were somewhat less beneficial at 12000deg C. It is the purpose of this investigation to study the oxidation characteristics of binary columbium-chromium alloys in more detail.


AUTHOR Karen, Ory C.; Gardner, William I. TITLE A Proactive Program Planner's Guide to Community Services Development from an Ecological Point of View. PUB DATE May 83 NOTE 27p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (107th, Dallas, TX, May 29-June 2, 1983). AVAILABLE FROM Research and Training Center in Mental Retardation, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53706 ($1.25, $1.00 per copy for 25 or m9re) . PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) -Guides NonClassroom Use (055)


The title of this research paper is 'How changes in leadership, goals and objectives can impact an organisation's culture: A case study of a company operating in the SaaS industry'. Despite the vast amount of research and literature available on organisational leadership, change and culture, the author would suggest that there is a gap with regards to individual case studies of Irish organisations operating in the SaaS (Software as a Service) industry. At the time of writing, the chosen company for the case study was going through a rigorous process of organisational change. The company had recently been acquired by a private equity firm and seen copious changes in leadership at C-level and middle management. These factors made it an ideal candidate to develop a case study for this research paper.

The purpose of this paper is to address the role of leadership in cultivating organisational culture during periods of change and to measure the impact organisational culture has on members during periods of organisational change. The paper uses the 'cultural web' (Johnson et al, 1998) as an academic framework to develop an overall image of the organisational culture. The framework analyses and draws links between the political, symbolic and structural aspects of an organisation. The author then conducted interviews using questions based on the six elements of the 'cultural web'. This allowed the author to construct an overall image of the existing culture within the organisation.

The findings have highlighted the importance of leadership in cultivating a healthy organisational culture. It also showed the vital role strong leadership plays during periods of organisational change. The culture within an organisation dictates the norms and behaviours of members. Therefore if leadership implements change it is crucial that the existing culture encourages members to facilitate and embrace change. The findings also highlight and discuss the importance of C-level management when implementing change.


Objective To explore the technique of acoustic tumor surgery and to analysis the skills of facial nerve reservation. Methods Surgical treatment cases of 32 patients with acoustic tumor were analyzed form June 2007 to February 2009.Results Total tumors resection was achieved in 30 of the 32 patients (94%) and near total in 2 (6%).Facial nerves was kept anatomic intact in 29 (91%) of the patients.Conclusion Microsurgery is a safe and effective method for treatment of acoustic tumor,Surgical skill is the key point of facial nerve reservation.


The Dongjiang Red-Culture is the patriotic and revolutionary culture created by the modern revolutionists and common people of the Dongjiang areas,of which Huizhou is the center.It was derived from the worthy traditional cultures of Chinese people and the ethnical spirits of the Dongjiang areas,and was in common with the other Red-Cultures throughout our country.It is of much importance to study the contents and characteristics of the Dongjiang Red-Culture,so that we could sum up,promote and succeed it.


An elegant camera calibration technique is presented based on homography matrix,and the caribration results are subsequently employed to implement visual servoing of mobile robots.Through the correspondences of the feature points between the image and a planar calibration object,the homography matrix are obtained.The constraints for the intrinsic parameters are derived based on the orthogonal property of the rotation matrix.The intrinsic parameters are separated into two parts of focal length and coordinates for the principle point,which are then solved by using the least square method.For radical distortion of the optical lens,an appropriate distortion model is selected and an objective function is proposed for nonlinear optimization of all the calibration parameters.It is shown that the obtained radical distortion coefficients are well suited to extract three-dimensional(3D)information from two-dimensional(2D)image coordinates.The camera parameters are adopted for visual servoing task of mobile robots.The experiment results show the superior performance of the proposed calibration method.


Integrating remote sensing technology into the agricultural sector offers opportunities to monitor crops, provide valuable information for decision-making, increase yields, and reduce costs and negative environmental impacts. These technologies are related to technology platforms that generate innovative proposals for the agricultural sector. The combination of the concept of a technological platform that includes the use of remote sensing techniques for the agricultural sector in which the actors work together and in a coordinated manner to achieve advances linked to common objectives, requires, in addition to knowing the needs of the actors, understanding the concept of the technological platform itself and defining its potential functionalities. For this reason, this article seeks to set up the functionalities of a remote sensing platform applied to agriculture that better satisfies the needs of the actors involved. To this end, a systematic literature search is carried out to identify the functionalities of a technological platform. Subsequently, case studies in the Colombian context were analysed to identify the needs of the players associated with the platform.


Objectives: Eco friendly methods of green mediated synthesis of nanoparticles are the present research in the limb of nanotechnology. The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles are done using dried leaves extract of Aegle marmelos L by reacting these samples with 1mM concentration of silver nitrate. Characterization are done using UV Spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, EDAX and FTIR are carried out for synthesized nanoparticles using plant sources. UV, XRD, SEM, EDAX and FTIR confirms the formation, crystal structure, size, elemental silver formation and functional group responsible for the capping and stabilization of nanoparticles. Aegle marmelos L plant source have good capabilities for synthesize silver nano particles by biological route.


In the third book of his Responsa, Quintus Cervidius Scaevola deals with an important subject of the law of property. Someone had made his last will and testament bequeathing his estate to his heir at law, subject to the condition that the heir was not allowed to alienate a part of it, i.e. some real estate in the neighbourhood of Rome. The testator's granddaughter, in whose hands the estate of her grandfather had devolved, made a last will bequeathing her entire estate, including her grandfather's real estate near Rome, to an extraneus, an heir outside the family of the testator. The question now was, whether mis bequest was contrary to the condition as laid down in her grandfather's testament. I would not have raised these intricacies of what has been called 'the Roman law of trusts', were it not for the fact that Scaevola's responsum is reported twice in Justinian's Digests. The case is also, almost verbatim, reported in a fragment taken from Scaevola's Digesta? This time, however, the lawyer reports the names of the persons involved, instead of using aliases, as in the report of the case in his Responsa. Due to this fortunate coincidence, we know that the original testator's name was not a ficticious Lucius Titius, but the primipilans lulius Agrippa and that the question put to Scaevola originated in a dispute between Agrippa's granddaughter's testamentary heir on the one hand and lulia Domna on the other. I will go into the relations between the persons involved later, but let me first introducé some problems of modern legal history concerning this case.


A two layer hexagonal pixellated imaging gamma-ray detector has been constructed to evaluate both the design and scientific aspects of the INTEGRAL (INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory) Imager. This prototype imager consists of two layers each comprising of 37 elements. Where each element is a discrete hexagonal 11 mm A/F/spl times/30 mm CsI(Tl) scintillator coupled to a p-i-n photodiode detector. In this paper we review the scientific and engineering aspects of the prototype and present details of the instrument calibration.<<ETX>>