wo materials (a recessive GMS line 1757A as maternal and a conventional double low species 601 as paternal) was crossed, and its filial generation was progated in Summer at Weining. Six sterile lines, three fertile lines and three semisterile lines were discovered among its selfpollinated progeny of F3. After selection for 8 generations in 4 years, the material with 75% of sterility was obtained, which could keep stable and thorough sterility of recessive GMS from its parents and has wide restoring lines. Fertile plants of the material can keep 75% sterility to others 1∶1 material with recessive genic male sterility. In addition, the material is double low type and offers a new sterility source for quality breeding. The material has increased gene pools for genic male sterility.


In this paper, we analyze whether work values differ between three dimensions of time (age, birth cohort, period). Using data of five waves of the World Values Survey and the European Values Study from more than forty countries and hierarchical age-period-cohort regression models, we did not find relevant gaps between birth cohorts with respect to the relative importance of work or with respect to work values. Thus, we claim that, in European and Euro-Atlantic countries, birth cohorts, on average, do not differ significantly with regard to their work values. Our results suggest, however, that the relative importance of work is significantly higher in the middle-age groups than among the younger or older groups. Regarding work values, we found that the importance of having an interesting job, good pay, and good hours decreases with age, and that job security is equally important at every age, whereas the importance of having a useful job increases with age.


Background: Our aim was to characterize the biochemical markers at diagnosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), to assess the utility of these to predict disease course and investigate if genotype influences biochemical markers of inflammation. Summary: Patients were included from a population-based pediatric IBD cohort from Eastern Denmark. Data on biochemical markers and medical as well as surgical treatment were registered at diagnosis, 30 days, 6 and 12 months after diagnosis. Fifty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) known to be associated with IBD were selected for genotyping based on previous genetic studies. Key messages: A total of 190 IBD patients (97 ulcerative colitis [UC], 87 Crohn's disease [CD], and 6 IBD unclassified) were included. UC patients with extensive disease had higher C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and platelet count at diagnosis compared to UC patients with less extensive disease. No similar differences between disease extent groups were found in CD. Low albumin at diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of surgery in both UC (OR 1.35; 95% CI: 1.05–1.75) and CD patients (OR 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01–1.48) and increased use of azathioprine and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha use in the total IBD cohort (OR 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04–1.27 and OR 1.19 [1.08–1.34]). One SNP (rs4986791 in the TLR-4 locus) and 2 SNPs (rs6785049 in the Pregnane-x-receptor gene and rs10500264 in the SLCA10 gene) were associated with a change in albumin and hemoglobin over time respectively in our IBD cohort. Our study confirms albumin to be a marker of severe disease course. Furthermore, the patient's genotype possibly affects the inflammatory response. Future studies in larger pediatric cohorts are needed to confirm our findings.


The aberrant splenic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery is a rare anomaly, and patients presenting with an aneurysm of the aberrant splenic artery are extremely rare. The rupture of such aneurysms (>2 cm) is a catastrophic event. We have conducted extensive research on electronic media through the MEDLINE database on the management of saccular aneurysm of the aberrant splenic artery. We could find only 38 cases reported in the English literature since 1966–2020. We report one such case which was managed successfully through endovascular management after proper preoperative planning and intraoperative execution leading to a successful outcome.


To find solutions to the insufficient heat supply at the stripper bottom in a 20 000 b/d gasoline and diesel hydrofining unit,high flue gas emission temperature of furnace,large design capacity of blower, small control valve at the stripper overhead vent,dependence on hydrogen venting to maintain the required purity of recycle hydrogen and meet H_2 S content specifications,different optimization options are proposed for optimized unit operation at the lowest investment.


We report the design and fabrication of a microheater unit as a key component of an integrated micro gas preconcentrator that has an ultra-small preconcentrator volume (<0.25 µL) and microvalves for fast injection speeds (<1 ms). Monolithic integration of the microvalves into the microheater of the preconcentrator gives rise to challenges in designing the microheater and implementing thermal isolation for low power and energy consumption. A preconcentrator chamber, 3.5 × 1.5 mm2 in planform area and 40 µm deep, was built in the device layer of a silicon-on-insulator wafer and filled with an array of microposts with a preconcentrator volume of 0.2–0.25 µL. Different generations of the microheaters and their mating dies were fabricated to show the effects of thermal isolation and thermal mass of the system on the performance of the heater. The microheater assembly with the least thermal mass and most thermal isolation can reach 300 °C in 100 ms with 12.3 W of power and is expected to consume less than 2 J during the operation of each preconcentration cycle.


Merchant banking services strengthen the economic development of a country as they acts as sources of funds and information for corporations. Considering the way the Indian economy is growing, the role of merchant banking services in India is indispensable. These financial institutes also act as corporate advisory bodies to help corporations rightly get involved in various financial activities. The need of merchant banking services in India arises from the fact that high level industrialization is taking place in the country. Some of the PSBs have formed their fully owned subsidiaries for this purpose. Analysis of merchant banking business of some PSBs clearly indicates that the merchant banking activities of the banks are showing declining trend especially after 1993-94 due to depressed capital market conditions and subdued activity in primary market.


When developing safety-critical systems, it is necessary to satisfy not only functional requirements defining the set of tasks to be performed by the system, but also safety requirements describing the characteristics the system should possess in order to ensure proper safety. Reliability is, as well, an acute issue in the development of safety-critical systems. Enhancement of safety and reliability can be achieved by applying formal methods, while complexity of large systems can be mastered using a graphical language for modelling, e.g., UML. Here we introduce a UML-based development process that incorporates safety analysis and provides a logical interface to a formal refinement based development in B-action systems. The tools associated with the B Method provide a good mechanised support for proving the correctness of the development within B-action systems. We show the feasibility of our development process within a healthcare case study where we develop a safety-critical drug discovery system. The work has been done within the EU-project MATISSE Methodologies and Technologies for Industrial Strength Systems Engineering (IST-1999-11435, http://www.matisse.qinetiq.com/ ).


The purpose of this document is to guide the professional through the existing rules, standards and procedures, as well as to provide some background behind the guidelines and best practice for driveway planning. Unless otherwise stated or specifically referenced, this is not a set of standards or a Departmental Procedure but is a comprehensive guide to assist the professional to make better decisions for driveway placement and design. The primary thrust of this handbook is the unsignalized driveway. Even though much of this material can be used with signalized driveways and intersections, issues of signalized queues and signal timing are not covered in detail. Contents include: connection radius and flare, driveway width, driveway grade, driveway channelization, driveway length, right turn lanes, sight distance at driveways, driveway location, and driveways and the pedestrian environment.


In this paper, we present a theoretical framework for studying coherent acceptability indices (CAIs) in a dynamic setup. We study dynamic CAIs (DCAIs) and dynamic coherent risk measures (DCRMs), and we establish a duality between them. We derive a representation theorem for DCRMs in terms of a so‐called dynamically consistent sequence of sets of probability measures. Based on these results, we give a specific construction of DCAIs. We also provide examples of DCAIs, both abstract and also some that generalize selected classical financial measures of portfolio performance.


A broadband dual‐band dual‐polarized directional magneto‐electric (ME) dipole antenna is presented in this letter. The antenna is composed of a square reflector, four side walls, a metallic loop, and two crossed ME dipoles fed by two orthogonal Γ‐shaped feed strips. Both simulated and measured results show that the antenna can obtain two wide impedance bandwidths of 18% (800–960 MHz) in lower frequency band and 45% (1700–2700 MHz) in higher frequency band with the reflection coefficients lower than −10 dB for both input ports. Meanwhile, about 25 dB isolation and 8 dBi gain are realized through the whole bands. The proposed antenna also demonstrates good directional radiation and cross‐polarization characteristics. Generally, the antenna can be widely used for 2G, 3G, LTE, and WLAN .etc communication systems. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1128–1133, 2017


LIN Biao did not participate in the battles of Tingsi Bridge and Hesheng Bridge; LIN Biao and MAO Zedong knew each other at the meeting of discussing masses work which was held from the first ten days of May to mid\|June, 1928. LIN Biao asked to go to the south of Shanxi province fighting as a guerilla, which constantly showed the repetition of his right deviation pessimistic mood in the new situation MAO Zedong commanded LIN Biao as president of the Red Army University, which was not "punishing" of LIN Biao, but the trust and high praise of him. MAO Zedong and LIN Biao had the relations of teacher and student and of companions at the period of democratic revolution. In the Cultural Revolution period, the relation between them is was "intimate cooperation" more than the need of their respecfive poutical ambition.


Abstract One of the main critiques of academic peer review is that interrater reliability (IRR) among reviewers is low. We examine an underinvestigated factor possibly contributing to low IRR: reviewers' diversity in their topic-criteria mapping ("TC-mapping"). It refers to differences among reviewers pertaining to which topics they choose to emphasize in their evaluations, and how they map those topics onto various evaluation criteria. In this paper we look at the review process of grant proposals in one funding agency to ask: How much do reviewers differ in TC-mapping, and do their differences contribute to low IRR? Through a content analysis of review forms submitted to a national funding agency (Science Foundation Ireland) and a survey of its reviewers, we find evidence of interreviewer differences in their TC-mapping. Using a simulation experiment we show that, under a wide range of conditions, even strong differences in TC-mapping have only a negligible impact on IRR. Although further empirical work is needed to corroborate simulation results, these tentatively suggest that reviewers' heterogeneous TC-mappings might not be of concern for designers of peer review panels to safeguard IRR.


This visually stunning volume offers teachers of Caribbean geography a new option for use in their courses covering the region. It is an atlas but a very untraditional one. Its heavy reliance upon satellite imagery, rather than upon more commonly utilized location-oriented maps, serves to enhance the thematic organization of the book. For those like me who are unaccustomed to this approach, the authors take care in their very helpful preface to describe the advantages of each of their three primary sources of images—Landsat, QuickBird, and astronaut photography. They explain how elements of this source material, including resolution and color, are handled, using visual images as examples, and help the reader interpret what he/she is seeing. An important benefit of this method of presentation becomes apparent as one gets into the content areas and realizes how geographic change can be illustrated through the use of sequential/longitudinal imagery. The atlas is organized very logically, in a manner that likely parallels the order utilized by many of us who teach Caribbean geography with a thematic approach. It is divided into two primary sections—physical and human, with each being further subdivided into several relevant chapters. Each chapter begins with a full page of text and an index map that indicates the location of the case studies that follow. These index maps are the primary form of location map appearing in the volume. While one page of text may not seem like much, the large format of the volume (11" × 14") and use of a relatively small typeface allow space for a significant amount of information on one three-column page. The case studies also have explanatory text that brings greater meaning to the images presented. Natural landscapes are treated first, beginning with the terrain, in which the emergence of the Caribbean as a physical landscape is explained. Emphasis is placed upon its volcanic origins and the tectonic uplifting that exposed the limestone-dominated geologic base and shaped the many karst landscapes and terraces that characterize the region today. The Caribbean's biogeography follows, in a chapter subdivided into terrestrial and marine "communities." Those sections clearly reflect the expertise of Tim Brothers, the lead author. The final chapter in the natural landscapes section focuses on the various natural hazards that afflict the Caribbean, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and cyclonic activity. The outcomes of such events do have a rather visual aspect to them, making the use of satellite imagery to interpret them quite useful. The reader/viewer is treated to several fascinating case studies throughout this first section. Each illustrates volcanism, terrace development and uplifting, karst formation, the emergence of biological communities, endemism, or individual hazardous events. The studies represent a cross-section of the insular Caribbean, ranging from San Salvador Island and Cuba to Trinidad and Aruba. I found the discussions of the creation of Barbados, Jamaica's Cockpit Country, the eruptions of Martinique's Mont Pelée and Montserrat's Soufrière Hills volcano, and Trinidad's unique geophysical situation to be particularly interesting. The second section, focusing on human geography, is the longer of the two. Its four chapters deal with rural landscapes, political geography, mining and tourism development, and urban geography, respectively. An historical economic geographic approach is taken in each case, with the roles played by European colonialism and North American neocolonialism figuring prominently wherever appropriate. The authors make substantial use in this section of the work by noted Caribbeanist scholars. As in the first section, it is the selection of case studies that bring much of the region to life. Notably, these included discussions and stunning images of the urban morphology of several Caribbean cities, ranging in size from Havana, Santo Domingo, Port-au-Prince, and Kingston to Willemstad, Castries, and Bridgetown. Of special interest to me, as one who studies primary sector activities and trade, were the analyses of the region's major commodity exports, such as sugar, bananas, tobacco, salt, bauxite, and petroleum. The atlas does have some shortcomings. The impact of globalization and its component processes on the Caribbean are largely missing, an unfortunate oversight. Within that subject area, there is no significant mention of Caricom, the OECS, or other forms of integration that currently exist. Given that both of these issues involve multiple countries, this seems to be one area in which the case study method was insufficient to the task. Also, the continental Caribbean is not included, so there is no mention of Belize, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, countries that would not normally be covered in a Latin American geography course. Finally, the large format that facilitates the beautiful display of imagery yields an unwieldy volume that is difficult to handle in the absence of a hard cover. The pages are weakly held together by a ring binder; the back cover had split off before I had even finishing reading the preface. While the ring binder does permit one to view each page lying flat, a better binding would render the volume more durable over the long run. Overall, I found the atlas to be of great potential utility to those who are planning to develop new courses on


The road accidents across the world have been increasing every year. Due to this, safety of a rider has become a major concern. It is observed that bike accidents in south Asian countries are in majority as compared to other class of vehicles. Most of these bike accidents are due to rider's negligence. The intension is to circumvent the negligence of the rider and fatal injuries. In this regard, the Arduino microcontroller system is developed which does not allow the rider to start the bike until the main rider and pillion rider wears the helmet. It is also necessary that the main rider is not drunk and is sober to start the bike which is detected in the helmet. In case of an occurrence of the bike accident, the concerned members of the rider and emergency services are notified with text message and real time location to avoid last minute casualties. If the rider exceeds the speed limit, audio warning alert will be given to the main rider through the speakers in the helmet. The provision for alternate method to start the bike is given to the rider in limited access to avoid misuse of the system in case the helmet is lost. The bike is made trackable in case of lost or not found.


Oleozon ® is an ozonized product that has shown a great effectiveness as germicidal agent against Giardia lamblia and recently it was approved as drug in Cuba for the treatment of this infectious disease. Taking into account the former findings we decided to evaluate the potential effect of Oleozon on the gastric lesions induced by ethanol in rats. Male Sprague Drawly rats (180-200g b.w) were used. They were divided at random in groups of five animals each one. To three groups Oleozon was administered orally (0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 ml/animal). Other two groups were used as controls, one with absolute ethanol (1 ml/200g b.w) and the other one as negative control. Both agents, Oleozon and ethanol were applied using intragastric cannula. Oleozon was applied prophylactically (one daily administration for 4 days) and one hour after the last application of the drug, ethanol was administered. One hour thereafter, the gastric lesions were evaluated. Oleozon significantly reduced both, the gastric lesions and the weight of the organ. In relation with the vascular permeability, there was a great reduction of it (76-83 %) in the groups pretreated with Oleozon with respect to ethanol control group. In conclusion oral Oleozon exerted a cytoprotective effect in the gastric mucous. The decrease in vascular permeability induced by Oleozon contributed to its protective effect of the mucous.


Objectives To explore patient satisfaction on community health services so as to promote the development of community health services.Methods Patient questionnaire survey was conducted among 200 residents in 2 community health centers and 2 stations in Shiyan by using typical investigation method. Results Overall patient satisfaction rate on community health services was 90%. The satisfaction rate of health professionals' attitude was 98%,while the lowest rate was medical equipment and health education,only 84.5%,68.5% respectively.Conclusions Medical equipment and health education could be key determinants of patient satisfaction.


In this study, Aluminum Alloys of aluminum stub using a standard 4 mm in diameter resulted in different source voltage. Low and high voltage junction studs made from combining weak or not provided at all. But the stud diameters according to the selected source voltage value in combining with the studs are tested leaning ninety degrees on its axis. 150 V and 160 V has been shown to bend without breakage of stud welding voltage


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives: To present consensus statements and supporting literature for plasma and platelet transfusions in critically ill children following noncardiac surgery and critically ill children undergoing invasive procedures outside the operating room from the Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative - Control/Avoidance of Bleeding. Design: Systematic review and consensus conference of international, multidisciplinary experts in platelet and plasma transfusion management of critically ill children. Setting: Not applicable. Patients: Critically ill children undergoing invasive procedures outside of the operating room or noncardiac surgery. Interventions: None Measurements and Main Results: A panel of 10 experts developed evidence-based and, when evidence was insufficient, expert-based statements for plasma and platelet transfusions in critically ill children following noncardiac surgery or undergoing invasive procedures outside of the operating room. These statements were reviewed and ratified by the 29 Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative–Control/Avoidance of Bleeding experts. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, from inception to December 2020. Consensus was obtained using the Research and Development/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Method. Results were summarized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. We developed eight expert consensus statements focused on the critically ill child following noncardiac surgery and 10 expert consensus statements on the critically ill child undergoing invasive procedures outside the operating room. Conclusions: Evidence regarding plasma and platelet transfusion in critically ill children in this area is very limited. The Transfusion and Anemia EXpertise Initiative–Control/Avoidance of Bleeding Consensus Conference developed 18 pediatric specific consensus statements regarding plasma and platelet transfusion management in these critically ill pediatric populations.


This week's mail brought a letter about population problems from a congressman (not even my congressman!), a pamphlet entitled World Hunger,' and a copy of an interagency HEW committee report on population; one might reasonably assume that present world realities are intruding on the national consciousness. With the advent of population education, it seems these realities are even pushing into the schools. The traditional aim of the schools has been the


e21000 Background: Leukemia is the most common cancer in children and teenagers. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) is more common than Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)...


An investigation has been performed into a treatment of the surface of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) cement concrete in order to improve the frost salt scaling resistance. A sodium monofluorophosphate (Na-MFP) solution has been applied. The results show that the resistance is substantially improved. The microstructural characteristics are also discussed. In addition, the effect of various percentages of Na-MFP solution on frost salt scaling resistance of GGBFS mortar phase is presented. It is concluded that the Na-MFP treatment modifies the carbonate phases and improves the early resistance of the GGBFS cement matrix with water to cement ratio of 0.45 against frost salt scaling attack.


It is possible that to some certain of the doints touched on may seem unnecessary and self-evident; but, as this is written for Surgeons, both European and Indian, commencing the operative treatment of the disease, I have thought it best to be clear at the risk of being verbose. My experience as a teacher for many years has shown me that senior students and those beginning practice more often fail in attention to detail than in the greater things necessary ! " Haud ignara mali miseris suc-


Descriptions were made on varieties and biological properties of Taxus chinensis var. mairei in Taishun, Zhejiang province, on seedling cultivation by sowing and cutting, and on plantation techniques. Discussions were put forward on current resources situation and exploitation of T. chinensis var. mairei.


Traditional dehumidification equipment is based on vapour compression units. However, they depend mainly on electrical energy and use polluting gases. An alternative to this equipment is desiccant dehumidification systems, which is based on adsorbent materials. These desiccant systems are an efficient way of removing moisture from the air in buildings with high latent loads. This work presents a new way to manufacture fixed-bed desiccant elements that can remove moisture from an air flow. The desiccant element is obtained by material extrusion-based additive manufacturing (fused filament fabrication or FFF). This technology is cost-effective and provides a precision and finish suitable for the intended use. The filament used is Pine, consisting of an easy printable thermoplastic matrix (polylactic acid, PLA, 80 wt%) and a filler based on pine wood powder (20 wt%). This composite material reached a water absorption capacity of 11.5 %. The experimental results of the desiccant air unit demonstrated high dehumidification capacity, up to 39 mg/s, for a regeneration air temperature of 50 °C. The volumetric adsorption rate was also high, up to 30 g/s·m3, for low pressure drop values, below 522 Pa. The proposed method allows the customised, on-demand and just-in-time manufacturing of air dehumidification systems based on the use of biodegradable desiccant materials of organic origin. Such solutions contribute to the circular economy promoted by The United Nations in the Sustainable Development Goals.


Heat stress is the main limiting factors for wheat production worldwide. Raising of temperature above 31°C during grain filling causes heat stress. Every 1°C rise in temperature reduced the wheat production by 6%. Under heat stress, the plant highly produced reactive element known as oxygen reactive species. ROS disturbs the function of the cell by their negative action on lipids, protein and DNA. Heat stress disrupt the plant water relation, cell turgidity, reduced seed germination and seedling growth, deactivation of photosynthetic enzymes, disturb translocation of photosynthate due to which it reduced grain number and grain filling. Management approaches like agronomic management and genetic management can be applied against heat stress. The main objective of this review is to study the responses of wheat towards heat stress and its management practices.


PURPOSE: An improved air coolant passage design is provided which would overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, as represented by Howald and Field, and improve the formation of a protective, insulating film primarily at the leading edge of the airfoil. CONSTITUTION: A cooling system for a wall at the leading edge portion of a hollow airfoil located in a hot gas flow path includes passages defined in the wall on either side of a radial leading edge axis passing through a stagnation point on the wall, relative to the flow path, each passage having a straight cylindrical bore portion with a conical portion forming the outlet thereof, each passage extending through the wall at an angle having a radial component and a downstream component relative to the leading edge axis such that the conical outlet forms a diffuser area recessed in the surface of the wall of the airfoil in the downstream portion of the outlet of the passage.


The absorption of hydrogen radically alters the physical properties of intermetallic compounds consisting of rare earth (R) and 3d transition metals. Among R —Fe compounds forming stable hydrides at normal conditions, the rhombohedral YFe3 is a proper one for investigating the change in the magnetic properties of the Fe sublattice due to hydrogénation, in particular the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, since Y is nonmagnetic, and the anisotropy of Fe is larger than that of the other compounds RFe2 and R6Fe23 with cubic structure. In this paper the experimental results of the influence of hydrogen on the magnetic properties of YFe3 obtained with single crystal samples as well as Mössbauer spectra data of powdered samples are reported.


On any day approximately 8,500 heavy vehicles (ie, a special category of vehicles as defined under legislation) travel on our roads and highways in Victoria. These heavy vehicles, together with the large number of buses operating in both the metropolitan and country areas, provide an important part of our transport system. Due to the size and weight of buses and heavy vehicles, and because from time to time they are involved in spectacular and horrendous smashes often with tragic and fatal results, these vehicles attract considerable public attention and interest. There are many legislative provisions which apply to buses and heavy vehicles, including: special training and licensing of drivers, restrictions on the dimensions and loads of the vehicles, limited hours of driving and the keeping of log books, differing speed limits and design rules as to the manufacture and construction applicable to buses and heavy vehicles. The enforcement of the laws pertaining to buses and heavy vehicles is carried out by a number of agencies including the Victoria Police (especially the traffic operations group and the state task force), the Road Traffic Authority (particularly its enforcement branch) and the environment protection authority. This paper sets out the main legislative provisions relating to buses and heavy vehicles, their involvement in crashes resulting in deaths and serious injuries, and the enforcement carried out in an effort to regulate their movements and ensure greater safety for all road users (a).


Huntington's disease (HD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. In HD, many regions of the human brain are affected, including the striatum, thalamus, and cortex. The mechanism is by the expansion of CAG repeats, which encode glutamine (Q) in the Huntingtin gene on chromosome 4p16.3. Patients with more CAG repeats tend to have a younger age of onset and a higher risk. Mutant HTT protein, translated from mtHtt, would congregate or interact with other proteins, causing damage to the human body. Patients with HD show symptoms like chorea, which is an involuntary motor disability, cognitive deterioration, and psychiatric disturbances. Except for the genetic pathology of HD, the epigenetic mechanism of this disease has made a lot of progress in recent years. This paper primarily focuses on the alternation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modification, and non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) in HD as well as the advancements of epigenetic therapy and healthcare in HD.


The general structure of the partition function of an anyon gas is discussed, especially in relation to statements made in Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 (1992) 1621 and Phys. Rev. Lett. 69( 1992) 2877.


The goal of the military services is to enforce the policies and treaties of their countries by the use of combat power or the threat of use of that power. Mental health support services are provided to ensure that military personnel and their family members are psychologically equipped to respond effectively to combat stressors as well as other occupational and family stressors associated with military service. Initially, the goal of mental health services in the military was selection and placement resulting in a good person-job match (Steege & Fritscher, 1991). Later, additional services for military personnel and their families emerged. These services can be categorized into three overlapping areas: (a) services for military personnel; (b) mission-related services and (c) services for families. Recognizing the impact of both the micro-context and macro-context in resolving soldiers' problems is fundamental to successful individual counselling and psychotherapy with military personnel. Other forms of services that are used are group counselling and psychotherapy, and psychoeducational counselling related to stress management, suicide and other gender awareness and anger management. Mission related activities include command consultations, combat stress debriefings, command-directed referrals, and casualty support services. A number of services for military families are also considered essential (Fenell & Weinhold, 2003). This paper discusses issues which make psychological services in the military environment different from that for civilian populations and the future challenges in this sphere which face the military, specifically in the context of the Indian Armed Forces.


Metallothionein(MT) is a family of cysteine-rich,low molecular weight proteins(MW ranging from 500 to 14000 Da),which is the only kind of metal metabolism in a conspicuous role of small proteins in vivo.MT is concerned with trace elements in the storage,transport and metabolism,body growth and development,aging and certain diseases.In addition,it also has free radical scavenging,antagonism of ionizing radiation,toxic heavy metals and other unique biological functions.The MT widely distributes in the cells,where it exists almost tissues except the connective tissue.In the normal female animal reproductive system,the expression amount of MT might go change with the level of hormones of physiological cycles.In the aspect of the MT of vertebrates research reports showed,the mammals,like homo sapiens,guineas and Felis silvestris catus,the structure of gene,even the function of re-production,were well studied.It revealed that Pm-MT might regulate the process of reproduction and afterborn,while in the aspect of Invertebrates,the research focus on its performance of detoxication of heavy metal.By so far,yet to see on black tiger shrimp(Penaeus monodon) MT(Pm-MT)gene structure and function of the coverage.We have cloned the full sequence of Penaeus monodon Metallothionein gene(Pm-MT) in this experiment.Firstly,we constructed a cDNA library by using the ovary and eyes stalks of mature Penaeus monodon as raw materials,through general T3 primer sequencing and BLAST analysis,we obtained the Penaeus monodon EST library.And then by the apply of the techniques of Rapid Amplification of cDNA ends,we cloned the Pm-MT gene,which complete gene sequence was consisting of 502 nucleotides,encoding corresponding 58 amino acids.The sequence of amino acids was rich in cysteine,free of aro-matic amino acids.The molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point of Pm-MT was Predicted about 6.05 KD and 7.75 respectively.Pm-MT owned a characteristic sequence of invertebrate metallothionein CKCXXXCXCX,and its N-terminal sequence shared a high conserved structure with other crustacean.Sequence alignment analysis showed that the Pm-MT and the North American freshwater crab(Pacifastacus leniusculus) shared a similarity of 91.4%,and the homology of Pm-MT and U.S.lobster(Homarus americanus) was up to 84.5%.The quantification result of Pm-MT mRNA in 6 tissues of Penaeus monodon showed that,in ovary the highest levels,followed by stomach,intestines,heart,brain and hepatopancreas.Further-more,the Pm-MT expression was found to be high level in the six ovarian stages of development and the expression of ovar-ian growth levels in the second growth phase was significantly higher than that of others,while the lowest in the first growth phase.To conclude,the results and data above,grounded on the experiment of Pm-MT,might offer essential information and material in development and research about ovarian function.


Melson, William G.; Jarosewich, Eugene; and Lundquist, Charles A. Eruption of Metis Shoal, Tonga, 1967-1968: Description and Petrology. Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences, 4: 1-18, 1970.—The 1967-1968 eruption of Metis Shoal, Tonga, was evidentially similar to the frequent shallow submarine eruptions of the inner island arc of Tonga. The eruption began about 10 December 1967, and an island eventually emerged; by 19 February 1968, the island had been eroded to beneath wave base. The eruptions were characterized by explosions of steam and ash which hurled bombs a few to several hundred feet into the air. The rocks ejected are pumiceous dacites which, for their silica content, have unusually low alkali contents and rare earth-element contents. The chemical characteristics of the dacite are hard to account for by partial melting of an ocean-ridge basalt parent. The peculiar properties of the dacite appear to characterize other Tongan lavas and support the idea that Tonga is part of a distinct petrographic province. Official publication date is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE


This study aims to analyze public perception by measuring from seeing the influence of perception of ease, influence of benefit perception, influence of risk perception, and attractiveness of promotion offered by financial technology payment to public interest in using financial technology as their payment tool. The data used in this study is quantitative data with respondents in the study who are people who are domiciled in tangerang area, who have used financial technology payment for at least 1 month of use and the age of respondents at least 17 years, and the data collected through surveys by disseminating google form to respondents, with a sample number of 35 people with the majority of respondents are still millennial. The results of the analysis showed that there is a positive relationship between the perception of ease, perception of usefulness and attractiveness of promotion to the public's interest in using financial technology as a means of payment transactions. As for risk perception, negative effect on public interest in using financial technology payment as a means of payment transactions. Financial technology payment that is easy to operate will increase the interest of users compared to applications with difficult technology, while the benefits of positive influence because it is considered to increase effectiveness and efficiency for its users, promotion is also considered as a positive influence for public interest, because promotion can increase public curiosity towards a product, while the risk of negative influence because with the increasing perception that financial technology payment is at risk will reduce public interest in using financial technology Advice that can be given in this research is to continuously improve the ease of financial technology applications, with benefits, by cooperating to expand the availability of payment services using electronic money, and trying to improve security.


This paper is devoted to the precise and fast performance assessment of high-order modulation quadrature amplitude schemes used for a terrestrial microwave radio which uses optimum diversity combining and decision-feedback equalization at the receiver. The equalizer using a few taps can not yield perfect equalization and would result in significant residual ISI. For such a case, the bit error rate calculation in DFE is, in general, complicated and extremely time-exhausting through computer simulation if high-order QAM schemes are used. In the bit error rate calculation, we use the Gaussian quadrature rule (GQR) which offers accuracy as well as considerable saving of computer time when other methods fail.


Herein, we demonstrated the fabrication of architectural GaN nanostructures by the self-assembly NSAG (SNSAG) technology using multilayer graphene (MLG) as a nanomask.


We build on and extend the literature on corporate governance and sustainability by examining whether indigenous directors (IDs, hereinafter) shape corporate environmental performance (CEP, hereinafter). Drawing insights from image motivation, resource dependence, and critical mass theories, we develop models that link IDs with CEP. Analyzing 1,372 firm‐year observations extracted from firms listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE, hereinafter), for the period spanning from 2015 to 2021, we provide robust evidence that IDs are positively associated with a firm's environmental performance and the association is driven primarily by non‐executive and female IDs. In additional analyses, we demonstrate that a token appointment of IDs to a firm's board would not have an impact on CEP, while the appointment of a "critical mass" of IDs promotes CEP. We also find that a higher percentage of IDs on a firm's board increases corporate financial performance (CFP, hereinafter) and reinforces the positive impact of CEP on CFP. Our findings suggest that appointing a higher proportion of IDs to a firm's board promotes both the financial as well as the environmental performance of the firm. Thus, companies could exploit the virtues of especially non‐executive and female IDs to promote corporate environmental sustainability.


e18121 Background: Brain metastasis (BM) presents 20-25% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) along with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), or surgical resection (SR) or chemotherapy (CXT) were usually used alone or in a combination modality for the treatment. In this study, we purposed to determine the outcome of patients with BM from non-small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR-TKI in combination with conventional therapy. Methods: A total of 201 BM patients with NSCLC were treated sequentially using EGFR-TKI combined with WBRT, or SRS, or SR, or CXT between Jan, 1999 and Nov, 2011 according to our institutional protocol. The median age was 56 yrs (range: 25-80). The histopathological type was predominantly adenocarcinoma (88%) and squamouscell carcinoma (9%), adenosquamous carcinoma (3%). Median follow-up was 28 months (range: 5-80). In addition to the treatment regimen, twelve potential prognostic factors were evaluated including age, gender, smoking ...


Aim. This study aims to analyse the relationship between mathematical resilience (MR) and motivation (MOT) of mathematically gifted students (MG) through the lens of the self-determination theory (SDT). Questions. Based on a review of the results of previous research, the current study sought answers to four research questions revolving around the relationship between MR and MOT, the predictors of high mathematical achievement, the level and differentiations of dimensions of MR, and the types of MOT in a group of Polish MG high school students aged 16-18 (n = 113). The results of MG group were compared to a comparison group (n = 121). Method. The Mathematical Resilience Scale (MRS-24) and the Motivation to Learn Questionnaire (MLQ-30) were used to measure MR and MOT. Correlation analyses between indicators of the variables, regression analysis and statistical intergroup comparisons were conducted as well. Results. Significant correlations were found between MR and MOT in the MG group. The strongest predictors of high mathematical achievement in the MG appeared to be the students' beliefs regarding the value of mathematics, along with their overall level of MOT to learn. The level of MR was elevated in the MG and was observed to be significantly higher compared to that in the comparison group. The dimension analysis of MR indicated the particular importance of the perceived values of mathematics as the leading factor in this variable that most strongly differentiated the two groups. The analysis of MOT types in the MG depicted that they manifested mainly intrinsic MOT, identification and introjection, and the level of indicators of these three types of MOT distinguished in the SDT was significantly higher in this group than those in the comparison group. Conclusion. As indicated by the study, the promotion of the social value of mathematics is crucial in shaping students' MR and MOT as efficient problem-solving tools in school and daily life.


This article concentrated on the political history of post 1950 period of Turkey. The western type of democratization started with the end of single state party regime. Turkish experience with democracy transformed and evolved since then. The economic substructure heavily influenced political stability during the transformation of Turkey from semi closed economy to market oriented economy. Integration to world economy after 1980's with liberalization efforts also had impact on political arena. Finally our research will provide insight for future trends of Turkey.


The invention discloses a communication navigation system applicable to complex condition vehicle work. The communication navigation system comprises an information instruction platform, a signal receiving unit, a navigation unit, a voice unit, an image unit, a GPS positioning unit, an alarm unit, an illumination unit and a cell unit. The navigation unit programs an assigned path through the GPS positioning unit. The navigation unit, the voice unit, the image unit and the alarm unit are in wireless connection with the information instruction platform through the signal receiving unit. The cell unit is electrically connected with the navigation unit, the voice unit, the image unit, the GPS positioning unit, the alarm unit and the illumination unit. By adopting the communication navigation system, real-time local communication is a construction site is realized, and in an emergency, the timely vehicle work and the personal safety of workers are ensured.


Abstract Compressive mechanical properties have been investigated as a function of temperature and strain rate for a modified'' double-base propellant (JA2) and comparison made with similar studies for a triple-base propellant. Measurements were made at strain rates of 10 sec.−1 and 10−3 sec.−1 and temperatures of 80°C to -60°C. At the higher strain rate the double-base propellant shows ductile behavior at 20°C and brittle failure at the low temperature. However, comparison with triple-base propellants indicates that this double-base propellant is much less brittle at the lower temperature and considerably less fragmentation is observed for the double-base propellant. While the ductile-to-brittle transition can be related to a glass type transition temperature, the difference in fragmentation is apparently related to composition and structure. The relationship of ductile and brittle failure to abnormal burning and the related unsafe gun firing conditions is discussed.


ALTHOUGH there are numerous methods for the gravimetric determination of Cu(II), any suitable method which can det ei mirie the metal in the presence of all other ions, is wanting. Methods using thiocyanate and other reagents", usually s~ffer from interferences by some of the common ions. Dimethylglyoximcis widely applied for the determination of Pd(II) but the reagent hr,s the following limitations: (i) slight solubility, (ii) the acidic (0'25N) solu: ion at which the determination is carried out and (iii) the interferences of Ni(II), platinum and nitrates. Other more soluble nioximes! also need the absence of Ni(II). Bidentate hydroxytriazcncprecipitates both Cu(II) and Pd(II) quantitatively but has to be used within a narrow PH range of 2·0-3'0, with only slight excess reagent and in the absence of V(IV,V), Ag(I) and Os(IV). As an improvement over the hydroxytriazcn c, trident ate 1-(o-carboxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-phenylt riazcn e was prepared and used for analytical purpOS~S3-5.Since the hydroxytriazenes have been shown to exist predominantly in the N-oxide form" (IR), the triazcrie, in a recent work", has been renamed as 3-(o-carboxyphenyl)-1-phenyltriazene N-oxide. In the present paper, the above reagent has been found to be highly selective for simultaneous determination of Cu(II) and Pd(II) in their binary mixt urcs and in the prcscr, cc of almost all other ions at a wide PH range of 2·0-8·0. This re;'gcnt has been successfully u' ilized for t he determination of Cu(II) in ore an d alloys.


This study assessed whether a boy with profound multiple disabilities and minimal motor behavior would be able to control environmental stimulation using repeated eye blinks with a newly developed microswitch (i.e. an electronically regulated optic sensor mounted on an eyeglasses frame). The study was carried out according to an ABAB design and included a 3 month post-intervention check. Data showed that the boy had a large increase in the target response (repeated eye blinks) to activate the microswitch and produce environmental stimulation during the B (intervention) phases. This performance was maintained at the post-intervention check. Practical and developmental implications of the findings were discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Transverse momentum spectra of π± at midrapidity are measured at high pT in p+p and p+Pb collisions at 158 GeV/nucleon beam energy by the NA49 experiment. This study is complementary to our previous results on the same spectra from Pb+Pb collisions. The nuclear modification factors RA+A/p+p, Rp+A/p+p and RA+A/p+A as a function of pT are extracted and compared to RHIC measurements, thus providing insight into the energy dependence of nuclear modification. The modification factor RA+A/p+A proved to be consistent with our previous results on the central to peripheral modification factor RCP. The limitation of our current pT range is discussed and planned future upgrades are outlined. Some aspects of the FAIR-CBM experiment are also presented as a natural future continuation of the measurements at very high pT.


Jeong-Taek Lee, Seong-Joo Heo, Chong-Hyun Han, In-Cheul Rhyu, Sun-Jae Kim, Seong-Kyun Kim Dert.of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry Seoul National University ** Dept. of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University ** Yonsei University, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Department of Dentistry Titanium and titanium alloy are widely used as materials for dental implants because of the advantages of their mechanical properties and excellent anchorage into the jaw bone. In the clinical application of dental implant, many attempts have been made to improve bone anchorage of dental implants to reduce the treatment time and improve the success rate in areas with poor bone quality. Recent studies have shown that the existence of a certain surface roughness increase bone-to-implant contact, mainly in the earlier phases of the osseointegration. The purposes of this study were to investigate the bone response around dental implants with two different surface treatment to evaluate the biocompatability. In this study, ABE(Advanced Blasting and Etching) H-R8.5 implants(Warantec, Seoul, Korea) and SLA(Sandblasted, Large-grit, and Acid-etched) ITI implants(Straumann, Waldenburg, Switzerland) were placed in rabbit tibia. The resonance frequency was measured every 1 month during 3 months after implant placement. After 3 months, the bone response around implants was evaluated with histomorphometric analysis. The results obtained was as follows 1. The histomorphometric analysis in 3 months after implant placement revealed that both H-R8.5 implants and ITI implants showed relatively even bone contact from the bottom to the top of implants. No foreignbody reaction and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. 2. As a result of the histomorphometric analysis, bone to implant contact percentages for ITI implants and H-R8.5 implants were 74%, 72% respectively. 3. As a result of the RFA value measured every 1 month, H-R8.5 implants showed relatively higher RFA value than ITI implants through the observation period from the implant placement to 3 months after. 4. RFA value for H-R8.5 implants showed a tendency to decrease from 4 weeks to 8 weeks, and increase from 8 weeks to 12 weeks. For ITI implants, RFA value showed a tendency to increase with time but was relatively lower than that of H-R8.5 implants after 12 weeks


Abstract Based on the naive model, the molecular alignment of the bubble domain in large pitch cholesterics is calculated numerically by using the continuum theory of liquid crystals. It is shown that the bubble domain is surely stable under certain conditions but when the cell thickness is thinner than the critical thickness homeotropic alignment is more favourable. The effects of the electric field on the bubble diameter are also investigated. Obtained results agree well qualitatively with the experimental results.


Introduction Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a disease characterized by recurrent episodes of fever, peritonitis, or pleuritis, 1 which is probably inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder. 2 Most of the patients reported with FMF have been of Armenian 3 or Sephardic Jewish ancestry. 1 Although the etiology of FMF is unknown, it has been suggested it may be an "inborn error of metabolism" 4 or probably a manifestation of a hypersensitive state. 5 It was recently reported that some FMF patients excreted increased amounts of urinary histidine as measured by two-dimensional paper chromatography. 4,6,7 On the basis of these reports, aminoaciduria has been suggested as a differential diagnostic criterion for FMF. 8 We have studied the amino acid excretion with ion-exchange chromatography in five FMF patients both while they were afebrile and pain free and also during spontaneous episodes of fever and peritonitis. The results of these studies demonstrate


...........................................................................................................iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS....................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................ix Chapter 1: Electrochemistry and Self-Assembly..................................................1 1.1: Introduction into Electrochemistry...............................................................1 1.2: Electrochemical System...............................................................................1 1.3: Self-Assembled Monolayers of Organic Thiols on Au................................3 1.3.1: Self-Assembly on Au{111}...............................................................3 1.3.2: n-Alkanethiols vs. Cage Thiols............................................................4 1.4: Electrochemistry of Organic Thiolate SAMs...............................................5 1.5 Thesis Overview........................................................................................7 Chapter 2: Self-Assembled Monolayers of Amide containing Alkanethiols on Au{111}....................................................................................................................8 2.1: Self-Assembled Monolayers of 1ATC9.......................................................8 2.1.1: Self-Assembly of 1ATC9....................................................................8 2.1.2: Hydrogen bonding in 1ATC9 monolayers..........................................8 2.2: Voltammetric Reductive Desorption............................................................8 2.2.1: Cyclic Voltammetry on 1ATC9 SAMs...............................................9 2.2.2: Reductive Desorption of 1ATC9 SAMs............................................10 2.3: Electrochemically Driven Surface Reconstruction....................................11 2.3.1: Controlled Potential Electrolysis on 1ATC9 SAMs..........................11 2.3.2: Electrochemical Structural Manipulation on 1ATC9 Monolayers.....12 Chapter 3: Electrochemistry of Carboranethiol SAMs...................................13 3.1: Self-Assembled Monolayers of Carboranethiol on Au{111}.....................13 3.2: Self-Assembly of Carboranethiols.............................................................15 3.2.1: Cyclic Voltammetry on Carboranethiolate SAMs.............................15 Chapter 4: Electrochemistry of n-Alkanethiols on Ge(111).............................19 4.1: Germanium Substrate for Self-Assembly...................................................19 4.2: Germanium Electrode Characterization.....................................................20 4.2.1: Procedure............................................................................................20


This article deals with the design and modeling of robotic workstations (RWS) for contact tasks – assembly, grinding and polishing .We have shown that there are specific problems at the whole process of development of robotic workstations : micro and macromotion devices, easy reconfiguration of the system , ad-hoc integration of peripherals ,rapidly adaptable manufacturing systems and etc. .


Thesis Presentation of results of usability testing with users is focused on method of usability testing. The work is divided into three interlocking units. In the first, theoretical part author explains terminology and also takes into account the usability in czech public administration webs. The second part analyzes the available materials focused on the ideal testing process (internal researchers´s working documents) and the final reports (document aimed at client). The output of the second and third (application) part are templates based on common characteristics of the analyzed documents and the author's own practise.


This article proposed one kind based on the FPGA brand-new doubling circuit's design method,introduced simply the design mentality,the principle,complete the design main body part using hardware description language VHDL.And it carried on the function simulation to this designa circuit,and it has given the simulation profile.Because this design uses the pure hardware architecture,the work is stable.


This paper is concerned with cooperative control of a kind of multiple fish-like microrobots. Most of previous work on multi-robot cooperation is focused on the terrestrial robots and seldom deals with underwater applications. In fact, the tasks in hydro-environment is more challenging than those in ground circumstances and need the cooperation of robots much more. In this paper, we investigate this problem in the framework of an adversarial game with several underwater microrobots. A fuzzy reinforcement learning approach is adopted to acquire cooperative behavior and a behavioral hierarchical architecture is proposed. We conduct extensive experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms


It is a paradox that the pursuit of ethical practice can sometimes produce distinctly unethical results. Pathologists seek to study diseased human tissues for the benefit of mankind, but in the UK there has been a sudden restriction in the availability of this basic resource, supposedly on ethical grounds. This was triggered by adverse publicity about the inappropriate retention of whole organs at paediatric post‐mortem, but the reaction has spread to influence the use of 'surgical waste' left over after routine analysis of therapeutic resections, diagnostic biopsies, and even blood samples. The use of such material for research is being restricted, and its use in teaching and laboratory quality control is being questioned. This has occurred despite the facts that public opinion favours using such 'waste' material for research; that the tissues would otherwise be incinerated; and that until very recently, such tissues were regarded as having been 'abandoned' by the patient. This review attempts to chart how this dramatic change has occurred. It then considers some of the ethical problems in using such 'surplus' tissues and proposes mechanisms by which this valuable resource can remain available for most biomedical research, while maintaining or enhancing the autonomy of individual patients. This crisis has shown a tendency for regulatory authorities to apply very restrictive, oversimplified rules, without due consideration of the character of each project. The motivation is to avoid the possibility of media criticism, even though such rules block ethically sound work which is of value to all, including the individuals whose protection is supposedly being sought. The moral need for logical ethical arguments instead of such 'one size fits all' regulations is emphasized. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Many of the world's leading causes of death involve pathology of the vasculature, both arterial and venous. In addition to the biochemical and genetic factors governing vascular health and disease, mechanics strongly modulates the form and function of the vessel wall. Biomechanical analysis is being increasingly used to not only elucidate key disease processes, but also to predict disease progression and response to therapeutic and surgical intervention on a patient-specific basis. This chapter reviews some of the recent advances in computational vascular mechanics, with references to key works in constitutive modeling, fluid-structure interaction, image-based modeling, and atherosclerotic plaque mechanics.


The invention provides a display panel, a manufacturing method of the display panel, and a display device. The display panel comprises an array substrate and a contraposition substrate which are oppositely arranged, wherein the array substrate comprises a body area and a periphery area, the body area coincides with the orthographic projection of the contraposition substrate on the array substrate, an electrostatic lead-out line and at least one adhesive dispensing area are arranged in the periphery area, conductive adhesives are arranged in the adhesive dispensing areas and electrically connected with grounding parts, an electrostatic conduction structure is arranged on the contraposition substrate, and the conductive adhesives are electrically connected with the electrostatic conduction structure. The display panel leads out static electricity in time through the conductive adhesives, the electrostatic damage can be avoided, and cost can be reduced.


The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of graft choice, time between injury and reconstruction and injuries to the menisci on knee function and the health-related quality of life after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. In Study I, 153 patients were assessed at a mean 8 years after randomisation to an ACL reconstruction with a bone-patellar tendon-bone or four-strand semitendinosus tendon graft. The results for laxity, functional tests, functional scores and health-related quality of life were similar for the graft types. The bone-patellar tendonbone graft was associated with more morbidity from kneeling, knee-walking and disturbed sensitivity. Patients having reconstructions before six months from injury had higher Tegner activity scores, and patients with a meniscus procedure before, or at the reconstruction, had worse outcomes. In Study II, 135 patients from the same randomised controlled trial as in Study I were assessed for prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis after a mean of 14 years. The prevalence of osteoarthritis was higher after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared to the healthy non-injured limb and medial compartment osteoarthritis was most common. No difference between graft types was found. Meniscus resection and overweight two years after the reconstruction increased the risk of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis affected the health-related quality of life and most patients with osteoarthritis were symptomatic. In Study III, 10 patients with a four-strand semitendinosus tendon and 10 patients with a four-strand semitendinosus and gracilis tendon graft were assessed after a mean of 36 months following an ACL reconstruction. No difference in rotational range of motion between the graft types was found by gait analysis and no other differences in functional scores, laxity, return to sport activities or flexion strength. In Study IV, increased time between injury and ACL reconstruction was found to increase the risk for a medial meniscus injury among 8584 patients from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Register. After two years an outcome assessment according to the Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was available for 3556 patients. The results were stratified to a high KOOS defined as functional recovery and a low KOOS defined as treatment failure. The chance for a functional recovery was higher for males and for hamstring tendon grafts and lower for patients with a previous meniscus procedure or a notchplasty at reconstruction. The risk of treatment failure was higher for patients with a previous meniscus procedure or a medial meniscus procedure at the time of reconstruction and lower for the hamstring tendon grafts and individuals between 35 and 54 years old. For a subpopulation of 556 patients, a high pre-injury Tegner activity score increased the risk of treatment failure. In conclusion, time between injury and reconstruction affect the results after ACL reconstruction as a result of the increasing frequency of additional injuries occurring with time. Graft-related morbidity affects the shortand long-term results. Meniscus injuries influence the shortand long-term results and the prevalence of osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction, especially if a resection is needed.


Drawing on narrative interviews with 16 criminalized women and a year of observation at English Women's Centers, this study explores the women's qualitative experiences of employment and volunteering. Findings indicate traditional perspectives on desistance from crime ignore the intersectional disadvantages women face. Criminalized women experience trauma and stigma that have long-lasting effects on their mental health. Women present as desisting from crime by taking on unpaid employment. This reinforces perspectives on desistance which disregard the many generative roles which women are often quietly involved in. This article contributes to emerging discourse around critical anti-carceral, intersectional feminist desistance (Hale, 2020).


3 Abstract: The purpose of this study was to estimate the integrity of vital organs and the balance between catabolism and anabolism in athletes and non-athletes. 20 students in Kena University were divided to two equal groups, athletes and non athletes and they were subjected to sub-maximal ergometric test. Blood samples were obtained before and after the tests, maximal oxygen consumption values were estimated after each test, also Creatine Kinase, Aminotransferases (ALT, AST), Cortisol and testosterone levels were determined pre and post tests using commercial kits, spectrophotometer and Elisa techniques. The results revealed significant increase in Creatine Kinase, ALT, AST, Cortisol and Testosterone in both groups, in case of post tests. At rest, data revealed different results in the studied Parameters as the CK, Cortisol and Testosterone rise in case of athletes indicated physical, mental stress. The results indicated that the measurement of enzymes lets one estimate the integrity of vital organs (Liver, Muscle) where as the Cortisol and Testosterone indicate the balance between catabolism and anabolism in athletes and non-athletes.


In this paper, the influence of the frequency band on the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel capacity in an office environment is researched. This study is based on an extensive measurement campaign between 2 and 12 GHz in line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions.


Commentators have noted two significant characteristics of the Burger Court: the continuing influence of Justice Rehnquist' and the increasing respect accorded to rights in private property.' This Note connects these two trends by investigating Rehnquist's views on property.' While Rehnquist has expanded protection for traditional property rights, he has narrowed the scope and protection of rights in the "new property." 4 Although he did not create the doctrine that different forms of property are entitled to different levels of constitutional protection,' Rehnquist bears primary responsibility for the form that doctrine has assumed in the Burger Court. Section I of the Note sets forth the Court's analysis of constitutional property rights. Section II argues that, depending on whether the case involves traditional or new forms of property, Rehnquist uses different standards to determine whether a protected property interest exists, what its dimensions are, and what level of constitutional protection it deserves. These differences in treatment are compatible with what some economists


Swirly photocurrent in InN films arising from reciprocal spin Hall effect (RSHE) is observed under normal incidence of circularly polarized light at room temperature. It is found that the swirly current is a superposition of the RSHE currents from the surface and bulk layer of InN. The effective spin-orbit coupling coefficient (SOC) in the surface electron layer is suggested to be of opposite sign to that in the bulk. The results constitute a comprehensive understanding of the role of surface electron layer in spin transport in InN. This work reveals an approach to explore spin-orbit coupling in systems like InN.


According to the special climate of Chongqing,an improved model of double glass greenhouses with a water layer is proposed,and measurement and analysis are done to evaluate its performance.A model of the double glass greenhouse is constructed,and the proportion of the thickness of the air layer between the glass plates to the thickness of the glass and the ratio of the temperature difference of the air layer to the temperature difference of the inside and outside glass plates are derived.So the heat insulation effect of the current double layer-glass greenhouses is proved to be rather poor under the conditions of continuous high temperature and small difference in temperature between day and night.Therefore,an improved model is proposed in this paper:the inner surface of the outer layer of the double-layer glass greenhouse is periodically sprayed with water so as to form a water-flow on it and the outer layer of glass greenhouse is directly cooled and part of the heat is transferred.Consequently,the heat insulating efficiency of the glasshouse is improved and energy consumption is reduced.Model analysis and test demonstrate that the insulation effect of the double-layer glass greenhouse with a water layer is better than that of the ordinary double-layer glass greenhouse.


May include diseased tissue, while protecting the vascular path to the surgical field, the structure to assist in execution of percutaneous procedures are described. Railed sheath controllably may be capable expandable and collapsible, while being configured to assist the distribution of the load to the associated diseased tissue structures, also, a catheter with such tools and the rail and by maintaining the integrity of the associated anatomy, it contributes to the development of transdermal tool may comprise two or more elongated rail structure.


In recent years, the Internet can be represented as a cloud and the term "Cloud Computing" in computing research and industry today has the potential to make the new idea of "computing as a utility" in the near future. The goal of Cloud computing is to provision of computing and storage capacity as a service to a heterogeneous community of end-users. Resource management is key process in cloud computing for cloud service provider. Resource allocation is part of resource management process and main objective of it is to balance the load across Virtual Machine (VM). This paper proposes a novel VM allocation load balancing algorithm. Allocation is made on the basis of the Assignment Problem"s solution method concept, which is formulated for cloud. Further, this paper also provides the anticipated results with the implementation of the proposed algorithm. General Terms Cloud Computing


This paper recognises that all new approaches and methods of language teaching may have sound theoretical justifications, but the adoption of these in most classrooms, especially in the third world countries, is problematic in some way or other. Curriculum developers and policy makers are often carried away by the new proposals and are eager to subscribe to them probably because questioning the assumptions underlying these proposals coming from theoreticians from developed countries might amount to being labelled "old fashioned" or "resistant to change". Implementing learner -centred methods in an ESL/EFL context is one such proposal. The paper attempts to present some of the problems and challenges an ESL/EFL teacher may face in trying to adopt learner-centred methods in his/her teaching. It argues that unless these are identified, discussed and addressed, teaching and learning in such a context will not be as effective as one would like or expect to be. The issues and concerns raised in this paper are relevant and valid for other subject areas besides second or foreign language teaching.


Traditionally, minidumpers can not be used in closed space due to the exhaust-gases of the internal combustion engines. This paper aims to give the guidelines to design an electric-powered minidumper. The power and the energy consumption of such vehicles are totally different with respect to those of vehicles for urban mobility. After the description of a typical minidumper load cycle, the main issues that characterize the sizing of the energy storage system as well as the electrical motor system are discussed. Considerations on the characteristics of different battery topologies and electrical motors have been included.


In this study, equatorial electrojets (EEJs) simulated by the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE‐GCM) were compared with those observed by ground‐based magnetometers and the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite. Simulations were performed with or without nonmigrating tidal forcing at the lower boundary and in the frame of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) or dipole field. The model forced by the nonmigrating tides could qualitatively reproduce the local time and longitudinal variation of an EEJ in the frame of the IGRF with accuracy. The tides were important in causing the later local time occurrence of the EEJ peak in the Peruvian sector, and they favored the occurrence of the morning counterelectrojet (CEJ) in the frame of the IGRF. The difference in the EEJ peak intensity between the Peruvian and Indian stations was enhanced due to the tidal effect. The net effect of the tides on the two‐station difference was almost doubled in the dipole field compared with that in the IGRF. The TIE‐GCM with a tidal input could reproduce a Wavenumber‐4 longitudinal structure of the noontime EEJ, but it underestimated the peak EEJ in the East Asia sector. The magnetically eastward electric field and the neutral zonal wind at noontime in the E region in the TIE‐GCM were both weak in the East Asia sector. This model‐data discrepancy was at least partly due to insufficient lower boundary forcing in this longitudinal sector.


ABSTRACT Many studies at the macro-level have proved the direct influence of savings and credit on poverty reduction. This study aimed to correct this finding and employed commercial banks as the research case because most poor people had major barriers to directly access services provided by commercial banks. This study revealed that savings did not affect poverty reduction by employing panel data composed from provinces in Indonesia from 2004 to 2018. This finding indicated that the poor people did not prefer commercial banks for saving their money which functions as an instrument for their fund accumulation or emergency savings. On the contrary, this study proved that the credit of commercial banks affected regional poverty. Besides, this study revealed that poverty among regions in Indonesia was heterogeneous. The regions with more developed banking infrastructures do not automatically have a low poverty rate. Therefore, anti-regional poverty policy should focus on commercial bank reinforcement as intermediary institutions and regional aspects.


Have you ever felt that your life has not begun? I was 38 and had come to believe that m y life had not begun, that it never would begin unless...


Two-rowed low-protein barley Daikei HC-15, which is related to low-protein cultivar Karl, was studied to determine the changes in the percentage of nitrogen in the grain, leaf and stem during ripening period, and the grain protein fraction at maturity. As compared with commercial variety Mikamo Golden, Daikei HC-15 accumulated dry matter equally but less nitrogen in grains during the middle phase of the ripening period (3-5 weeks after heading). There was 0.5% difference in the grain nitrogen percentage between two genotypes at 5 weeks after heading, but in the last phase of the ripening period (5-7 weeks after heading), the two genotypes similarly accumulated much nitrogen in the grains. In contrast with these genotypes, Karl accumulated less nitrogen during the last phase. At maturity, the Daikei HC-15 grain nitrogen percentage was 0.37% lower than Mikamo Golden and 0.17% higher than Karl. During the middle phase of the ripening period, the nitrogen percentage of laminae decreased less in Daikei HC-15 than in Mikamo Golden, but during the last phase, it decreased considerably in Daikei HC-15. In Karl, the decrease in the nitrogen percentage of the laminae was the smallest throughout the ripening period. In the protein fraction, Karl showed a markedly lower concentration of hordein than Mikamo Golden. Though Daikei HC-15 also showed a significantly lower hordein concentration than Mikamo Golden, it had a greater proportion of hordein than Karl. It has previously been reported that hordein accumulates in grains during the later stage of the ripening period. It was concluded that the difference in hordein concentration between Daikei HC-15 and Karl was caused by the difference in grain nitrogen accumulation during the last phase of the ripening period.


ABSTRACT The present study examined the relationship between workgroup emotional climate in schools, teachers' burnout and coping style. Data were collected from 278 teachers in 19 state elementary schools in Israel. Confirming the hypotheses, there was a positive relationship at the individual level between an other-focused negative workgroup emotional climate and burnout, and a positive cross-level relationship between an ego-focused negative workgroup emotional climate and burnout. In schools with a high ego-focused negative workgroup emotional climate, teachers' active coping style impacted less on their burnout than in schools with a low ego-focused negative workgroup emotional climate.


Experiments using polypeptide chains of immunoglobulins) have been performed by several authors to study the requirements of the formation of Ig molecules in vitro from the constituent Hand L-chains). Where interest was focussed on chemical problems, myeloma proteins were used, owing to their ready accessibility in pure form and in sufficient quantity. For the experiments described in this text chromatographically isolated IgG myeloma proteins were used. The percentage of recombined polypeptides was evaluated from the sedimentation pattern and from the starch gel electrophoresis of isolated Hand L-chains. In the experiments with Η-chains in the form of an exclusively fast sedimenting fraction (9.5 S), the percentage of recombined molecules was significantly smaller than in experiments using Η-chains in a non-aggregated form (4.6 S). The influence of the ratio of H:L chains in the recombination mixture was also studied and in accordance with other authors a proportion of 3:1 was found to be most favorable with respect to the maximum regain of y-globulin molecules.


For a long time,it's difficult to evaluate the value of the land used for gas station because the main feature is the rare quantity of transaction and lack of the market regards instance.In this text the method of income capitalization was used to evaluate the value of the land of gas station.Based on the technical thinking and gists,the choice of capitalization rate and how to confirm its objective incomes were analyzed and the application of method of the income capitalization in the evaluation of the land of gas station was introduced.


Two experiments investigated inferences based on suppositions. In Experiment 1, the subjects decided whether suppositions about individuals' veracity were consistent with their assertions—for example, whether the supposition "Ann is telling the truth and Beth is telling a lie", is consistent with the premises: "Ann asserts: I am telling the truth and Beth is telling the truth. Beth asserts: Ann is telling the truth". It showed that these inferences are more difficult than ones based on factual premises: "Ann asserts: I live in Dublin and Beth lives in Dublin". There was no difference between problems about truthtellers and liars, who always told the truth or always lied, and normals, who sometimes told the truth and sometimes lied. In Experiment 2, the subjects made inferences about factual matters set in three contexts: a truth-inducing context in which friends confided their personality characteristics, a lie-inducing context in which business rivals advertised their products, and a neutral context in w...


Abstract Double resonance modulated (DRM) microwave spectroscopy has been used for the assignment of the rotation spectrum of 2,6-difluoropyridine, and for the study of 10 non-equivalent isotopic forms of this compound. All 13C and 15N spectra were observed in their natural abundances. From these data the complete structure of 2,6-difluoropyridine has been derived. The geometry of the ring was determined independently in two reference frames. Bond distances (in Å, uncertainties 0.001 Å) an bond angles (in degrees, uncertainty 0.1°) are as follows: N(1)-C(2/6) = 1.3168, C(2/6)-C(3/5) = 1.3767, C(3/5)-C(4) = 1.3941, C(2/6)-F(2/6) = 1.347, C(3/5)-H(3/5) = 1.0795, C(4)-H(4) = 1.0822. Angles: C(2)N(1)C(6) = 115.0, N (1)C(2/6)C(3/5) = 126.5, C (2/6) C (3/5) C (4) = 116.1, C(3)C(4)C(5) = 119.8, N(l)C(2/6)F(2/6) = 114.7, C (2/6) C (3/5) H (3/5) = 120.8 and C (3/5) C (4) H (4) = 120.1. These data represent the first quantitative experimental verification of previously postulated distortions of the pyridine ring under substitution.


On EMBnet news vol13 Nr 4 (2007) we presented the PairsDB protein sequence alignment database that contains directly computed or hierarchically inferred pairwise alignments for all known protein sequences. Since 2007 several small modifications have been made to the database and the WWW interface (http.//pairsdb.csc.fi). The database itself has been updated twice. The latest release (1/2009) is based on the protein sequences collected from protein databases in February 2009. In this article we provide an updated description about the interface and also discuss the general features of the most essential SQL database tables of PairsDB. The data collected to the PairsDB database is freely available and provides a unique resource for studying the currently known protein universe with the methods of bioinformatics and data mining.


Computations have been made in order to evaluate the ionospheric effects caused by the observed λ < 10 A X-ray quiescent flux and flare flux. Of seventy-two solar X-ray flares having F (2–12 A) greater than 3 × 10−3 erg/cm.2 sec as recorded by the University of Iowa detector on Explorer 33, sixty-seven are found to be accompanied by reported SID's in which the electron density of the ionosphere between 60 and 100 km. undergoes a rapid increase during a few minutes. These rapid increases in electron density are presumably caused by the enhanced X-ray flux in the wavelength range 1 < λ < 10 A because softer X-rays would be completely absorbed above 100 km. and harder X-rays would penetrate below 60 km. without significant attenuation at higher altitudes. The altitudes for peak electron production range from 99 km. for 10 A X-rays down to 58 km. for 1 A X-rays. The electron-production rate equations have been solved using a quiescent X-ray energy spectrum and a mean flare X-ray energy spectrum derived from t...


In the high-speed development of the city,people pay more and more attention to the cultural connotation of city landscape;regional characteristics and cultural characteristics become the landscape design of the beacon,therefore,city regional park as the city landscape important constituent,also is the main carrier of folk culture.In order to maintain,continuity and highlight the city cultural characteristics,taking new city regional park Yexian Park in Laizhou city as the research object,through field investigation and questionnaire survey,the integration way of the folk culture in city regional park was analyzed.The results showed that:the age distribution of park users were mainly 31~60 years old,the participation in the activities of exercise were mainly middle-aged,the elderly most took walk according to the interview.Park users main purpose were square activities and leisure walk.The public to experience the park landscape function from the non-professional point of view,most users were very impressed by Celebrity Sculpture Avenue and Folk Park.Thus,the fusion of folk culture Yexian Park in Laizhou city to bring the profound impression to the public,the public is willing to exposure to taste the folk culture,also from activity to regain old folk culture of fun.


Medical data are very precious since it has the most sensitive data of patient which can save them. If it is handled wrongly or it is manipulated, then it could result in permanent problems or even it can result in fatal. So medical data widely used in a digital format with error detection and correction codes (EDC) in its transmission and storage process. EDC is a method of adding redundant bits to the static message bits to enhance the reliability of binary digital data broadcast while the medical data communication medium adds the errors in the course of transmission. In the proposed method, we use Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem codes (BCH) as an outline algorithm and trellis Low‐Density Parity Check code (TLDPC) as an inner algorithm along with two interleavers. Product of BCH code and TLDPC code with interleavers can control more errors as compared with its plain code and product of RS‐Hamming code. MATLAB used as a simulation tool. Plain BCH code is simulated first, and then plain LDPC code is simulated for the same information. Finally, the product of BCH and TLDPC with two interleavers is imposed on the same information. The result of our research work shows enhancement in bit error rate (BER) compared to other plain and product codes from 10−2 to 10−3. Also, frame error rate (FER) is improved in 0.5 scaling factors when compared with other trellis decoders. Hence, this proposed system can be utilized in an application where less error rate and high accuracy of information transmission between medical data processing systems are required.


There is growing evidence that propofol acts on affective and reward processes. We designed this study to assess the effect of propofol on the concentration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, a main component of the mesolimbic system. The concentration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens was assessed by using in vivo brain microdialysis in freely moving rats. A microdialysis probe was placed within guide cannulae previously placed during stereotaxic surgery. Fluid was perfused through the probe, and samples were collected every 20 min for measuring concentrations by high-pressure liquid chromatography. All rats served as their own controls and were randomized to four different doses of propofol, injected intraperitoneally: 0, 9, 60, or 100 mg/kg, according to a within design. Compared with the baseline value, dopamine concentration was decreased at the smallest dose of 9 mg/kg, whereas concentration was largely increased at the subanesthetic (60 mg/kg) and anesthetic (100 mg/kg) doses. This increase was of the same magnitude (+90%) for subanesthetic and anesthetic doses but was more prolonged at the anesthetic dose. Data show that only subanesthetic and anesthetic doses of propofol increase the concentration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, as previously described with drugs of potential abuse.


The aims of this study to analyze the feasibility of investement and to make strategy for the development of tourism destination hot water Cipari in Cilacap regency. Analysis tools to analyze feasibility of market and social economic aspec used descriptive analysis, to analyze the investment feasibility of financial aspec used Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), while the analyze tool to analyze fitness of strategy used SWOT analysis and matrix space analysis. Based on the analysis can be concluded tourism destination hot water Cipari have potencial market and positive effect on economy society, strategy to develop of tourism destination hot water Cipari was agresive. Keywords : feasibility investment, strategy, and tourism destination.


Essential oils have the potential to be used as bioherbicides, and possess the advantage of their biodegradability, high structural diversity and reduced natural resistance to weeds. The essential oils of the leaves and rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, an exotic invasive plant adapted to different regions of Brazil, were extracted by hydrodistillation and characterised chemically by Gas-Liquid Chromatography and Gas-Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Allelopathic activity was determined using methodologies that evaluate the effects of volatility and direct contact on seed germination and seedling vigour in the lettuce. The major constituents of the essential oil from the leaves were β-pinene (46.9%), α-pinene (19.2%) and β-caryophyllene (13.2%) and from the rhizomes, β-pinene (41.5%), 1.8-cineole (23.6%) and α-pinene (13.1%). When analysing the volatile effects of the essential oils, it was seen that their concentration did not affect seedling first germination count or total germination. The essential oil from the rhizomes was more effective than the essential oil from the leaves in reducing seedling response for SGI, dry weight, and length of the roots and shoots. When evaluating the effect of direct contact with the essential oils, it was seen that both oils reduced the response of all the variables under evaluation, and that in addition, the oil from the rhizomes caused greater reductions than that from the leaves, again for all variables. These results can be attributed to the higher levels of monoterpenes present in the essential oil from the rhizomes, mainly the presence of 1.8-cineole.


North Korea possesses nuclear weapons, while Iran is poised to acquire them in the next decade. How the United States and other nations seek to roll back these burgeoning nuclear powers is among the most urgent issues of the day. At stake is regional security in the Persian Gulf and Northeast Asia, America's standing abroad, and prospects for nuclear non-proliferation. This book offers complementary international perspectives on these threats and the peaceful responses to grapple with the Iranian and North Korean nuclear programs. Leading authorities provide balanced analyses-together with new chronologies and maps-that make the volume an invaluable reference for all those interested in understanding options available in dealing with Iran and North Korea. The contributors to this volume offer complementary international perspectives on the critical security issues that stem from the challenges posed by Iran and North Korea. No other work combines the analysis of the two countries and explores the threat posed by each to regional stability and world order. The book examines how and why attempts to curb the nuclear programs and broader political ambitions of each nation have failed. It also examines how each nation, in its own way, has managed to defy the world's preponderant power, the United States, as well as other major powers and the United Nations. And it offers analysis on where the fractured and oscillating relations with these two nettlesome actors are heading and the long-term implications of their current trajectories for nuclear proliferation, deterrence, alliance management, regional security, and world order.


Abstract The growth of murine peritoneal macrophages is induced by oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) plays an important role in its mitogenic activity. In the present study, Ox-LDL–induced macrophage growth was examined with human monocyte–derived macrophages. The cell growth of human macrophages was significantly induced by Ox-LDL but not by acetylated LDL (acetyl-LDL). The treatment of acetyl-LDL with phospholipase A2, however, led to a marked increase in its mitogenic activity, with a concomitant conversion of 75% of its phospholipids to lysoPC. The growth-stimulating activity became positive only when both acetyl-LDL and lysoPC were coincubated, although neither of them exhibited cell growth–promoting activity. These results suggest that Ox-LDL could stimulate the growth of human monocyte–derived macrophages, and lysoPC may play an essential role in the mitogenic activity of Ox-LDL.


In recent years, historians and biblical scholars have been in active pursuit of the Jesus of history. These efforts have relied But also agrees with our sins in the church sacraments. Look closely at the teachers of, maternal grandfather skip generations ending with form also. The things I will go therefore get registered. Most scholars accepts the table jesus, is also a historical record was. The 2nd century isaiahs description, of the bible book. And he is therefore and pray about his special ministry.


This paper presents numerical simulation strategies and numerical analyses to investigate fluid-structure interaction for super-long flexible beam at non-matching meshes. Super-long flexible beam in cylinder is divided into beam elements, using nonlinear dynamics equations of collision contact to describe. The pipe and annular fluids are divided into hexahedron elements, using computational fluid dynamics equations to describe. According to shape function of the beam element, interpolation formulas of interface force and interface displacement between the non-matching meshes are obtained to solve the fluid-structure interaction problem. Numerical simulation results show that coupled effect between super-long flexible beams in cylinder and fluids is obvious, and display a strong fluid-structure interaction phenomenon.


While the use of warranty projects in Europe has been extensive, it is a relatively new concept in the U.S. This paper examines one of the first warranty projects conducted in the U.S. and the state of Wisconsin, and the challenges it posed from a contractor's perspective. The objective of this paper is to show how a contractor progresses through a warranty project from the bidding stage through job completion with no prior experience in this area. This paper discusses bidding and bonding concerns, aggregate selection, mix design selection, and construction methods and practices.


We use a 12‐year (1992–2004) time series of satellite altimetry to characterize long‐lived, wind‐generated anticyclonic eddies originating in the Gulfs of Tehuantepec and Papagayo in the northeastern tropical Pacific. A total of 42 Tehuantepec and 26 Papagayo eddies were observed. Eddy merging, usually of a Tehuantepec‐Papagayo pair, was observed on 16 occasions. On average, the eddy season began in late October and lasted approximately 250 days until early July, with 3.5 Tehuantepec and 2.2 Papagayo eddies formed each year. Minimum average eddy lifespan was 143 days and 84 days for Tehuantepec and Papagayo eddies, respectively. There was considerable interannual variability in eddy activity, with greater (fewer) number of eddies, more intense (weaker) eddies, and a longer (shorter) eddy season during El Niño (La Niña) years. Eddy intensification was consistently observed at the East Pacific Rise.


Stationary creep of dense, doped (400 ppm Lior Al") polycristalline magnesium oxide was investigated i i i a \vide raiige of teinperature under oxidiziiig atmosphere (1 200 O C to 1 700 OC), of stresses (150 to 1 700 kglcm?) and of graiii sizes (13 to 150 pm). For litliium-doped specimens single relation is obtaii~ed for the wliole range investigated : 7 kcal. niole1 . RT the stationary creep ralc beiiig iiidepeiidant of grairi sire. For teinperatures below 1 500 "C the aluminiuni-doped specimens deform following eq. (1) but above 1 500 "C there is a transitioii in the stress law (the stress exponent becomes equal to 2.8) and chiefly in the activatioii energy that becomes equal to 1 1 8.5 kcal. mole-]. Numerous and systematical observations by optical and electroriical microscopy making obvious the advent of slip and the forrnatioil of a permanent creep substructure favour a deformation mechanism by dislocatioil glide controled by climb. Possible inass transport rnecliaiiisms are reviewed dependent of nature and concentration of dopant : iiitrinsic/extriiisic isolated vacancies diffusion, vacancy pairs diffusion, pipe diffusion. For lithium-doped specimens and aluminium-doped speciniens ( T < 1 500 OC) pipe diffusion would coiitrol the creep kinetics but for soluble cationic impurity with valerice higher than 2 it would be a bulk diffusion of vacailcy pairs. (1) Basé en partic s~ii. la [liese dc doctorat d'Etat soutenue par M. Htirni le 28 septernbrc 1973 à la Faculté des Sciences et Techniques dc Lille 1. Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1973961 C9-348 M . H U R M ET B. ESCAIG