I N THIS ISSUE OF ARCHIVES, ILLES ET AL 1 PRESENT a descriptive study of the content of a sample of direct-to-consumer (DTC) marketing publications, and the findings are disturbing. Their study of 40 newspaper advertisements and 20 brochures from a variety of national and regional sources found that the DTC marketing for the industry of screening computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) frequently contains misinformation, unsubstantiated scientific claims, and fearprovoking threats and that it lacks information on uncertainties and risks associated with such imaging. In fairness, the small sample of advertisements and brochures should not be assumed to be representative of all screening CT and MRI centers. Similar analyses from impartial scientific panels comparing advertisements with published clinical practice guidelines would be preferable to the ratings of 2 reviewers who may have been privy to the a priori hypotheses and therefore biased. These analyses should also measure the direct impact of the advertisements on consumer knowledge and behavior. However, until such data are available, the study presented by Illes et al "rings true," and most health care providers have likely encountered similar advertisements in their localities. We propose a call to action by the medical community to halt DTC marketing and self-referral for screening imaging and advocate for regulatory control comparable to what is in place for pharmaceutical advertising.


Background: Scabies is a common parasitic infestation of global proportion. It is a highly contagious skin disease which affects both males and females of all socioeconomic status and race. It is related primarily to poverty and overcrowding, which is also found in most rural communities. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of scabies among school-aged children in Katanga community. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 206 school children aged 5-12 years through a total population study in Katanga rural community. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results: In this study, 45 (21.8%) children had skin infections, 33 (73.3%) of these skin infections were associated with itching and 6 cases of scabies were found giving a prevalence rate of 2.9% in the community. Conclusion: This study has shown that scabies is a disease associated with poverty, overcrowding, and sometimes water shortage, and is still endemic in rural communities in Northern Nigeria causing a substantial burden. These findings, coupled with the potential for clinical complications and a heavy socioeconomic impact, suggest that it is time for more concerted actions in terms of provision of adequate domestic water supply and improvement of personal and environmental hygiene against this disease in Nigeria.


Two new localities of Carex curvata Knaf in Poland were found. The species has not been reported from this country for nearly a century. This paper gives the phytosociological characteristics of the newly found stations, a map of the distribution of C. curvata in Poland, a description and drawing of the species, and a key to related species.


Adding bacterial cellulose to fresh milk to ferment,the optimum fermented condition was studied by orthogonal experiment.Comparing bacterial cellulose yogurt to common yogurt,the result showed the concretionary state,texture,oral feel and function of bacterial cellulose yogurt could improve greatly.


Nano-porous SiO2 aerogel insulations were prepared via two methods: (1) Using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the precursor and followed by ethanol supercritical drying; (2) Surface modification of alcogels prepared from polyethoxydisiloxanes (E40) and followed by drying at ambient pressure. TEM, SEM and pore size distribution techniques were used to characterize the morphology and pore structure of the silica aerogels. The thermal conductivity of the silica aerogels was determined using the transient hot-wire technique. The results show that the pore size distribution of silica aerogels is from several nanometer to dozens of nanometer, the size of the particles is 5~10 nm and the average pore size (BJH) is about 20 nm and 10 nm respectively for samples derived from the two different methods, while the thermal conductivity of the silica aerogels (100 kg/m3) are 0.0125 and 0.014 W/(m.K) respectively at room temperature and 1.01105 Pa.


Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 powder were prepared by oxalate co-precipitation method using barium nitrate,strontium nitrate,titanium tetrabutoxide and oxalic acid act as raw materials and Dy2O3 as dopant and sintered at 1 250 ℃.The microstructure and dielectric property of Dy2O3-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 were investigated by XRD,SEM and TH2818.The results indicate that the main crystal phase of sample with appropriate Dy2O3 additive had a pervoskite type structure and a certain amount of Dy3+ is able to enter the lattice of BST.With the increasing Dy2O3 additive amount,the dielectric constant of materials was increased and followed a decrease.The dielectric constant was maximum(er=4 474.48) when w(Dy2O3)=0.5%.


The invention belongs to the field of automobile components, and particularly relates to a control system and a control method of an automotive electric translational lifting table and the automotive electric translational lifting table. The control system comprises a controller, a one-key switch, an in-out motor and a lifting motor, wherein the controller is used for receiving a control signal and sending the control signal; the one-key switch is connected with the controller and used for sending a one-key opening electrical signal to the controller; the in-out motor is used for driving the lifting table for translation; the lifting motor is used for driving the lifting table for lifting opening; an in-out controller which is used for receiving the signal of the controller and driving the in-out motor to act is connected to the controller, and a lifting controller which is used for receiving the signal of the controller and driving the lifting motor to act is also connected to the controller; and a first current detector and a second current detector which are used for detecting the current magnitude are respectively connected to the in-out motor and the lifting motor, and the first current detector and the second current detector are connected with the controller. The control system realizes the electrification control of translation and lifting of the automotive electric translational lifting table.


Naturally durable heartwood products have smaller dimensional changes and are an environmentally friendly alternative to the use of preservatives. The present study explored the potential for the production of products containing heartwood from maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). The study was based on 30 virtual maritime pine stems that were mathematically reconstructed including description of external shape, internal knot architecture, and heartwood. Stems were used as raw material input data for simulation of bucking and sawing. The impact of raw material characteristics and final products requirements on sawing yields was studied for production of components for glued laminated boards and for windows. Log and heartwood diameters were found to be the most influencing variables on final yields. The position of the log within the stem was also important, while log length did not influence final yields (around 5% batch yield for all length groups). The highest sawing yields, 13 percent of heartwood products from log total volume, were found with 3-m logs bucked between 3- and 9-m height of 83-year-old trees. There is potential for the production of maritime pine heartwood products with additional efforts to be done in log and product sorting.


DESPITE the introduction of so many new breathing circuits, valves and canisters for use as anesthesia ventilating equipment, very little attention has been paid to patients' requirements for humidity. Either too little or too much humidity will affect them adversely. Too little humidity will cause loss of mucociliary activity,' drying of mucous membrane,2-3 decreased static compliance,4 and accelerated body cooling.5 Too much humidity will cause water intoxication6 and hyperpyrexia in stress environment.7 Anesthetic gases are supplied in anhydrous form to prevent clogging of regulators and other valves and, therefore, actually reduce the supply of moisture to the patient. Inhaled gases reach the pulmonary alveoli at body temperature saturated with water vapor.8 If the gases which enter the tracheobronchial tree are only partly humidified, the trachea and larger bronchi will incur a water debt proportional to the degree of unsaturation of these gases.9


Taking a test has been shown to produce enhanced retention of the retrieved information. On tests, however, students often encounter questions the answers for which they are unsure. Should they guess anyway, even if they are likely to answer incorrectly? Or are errors engrained, impairing subsequent learning of the correct answer? We sought to answer this question in 3 experiments. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects read 80 obscure facts (e.g., "Where is Disko Island? Greenland") and then took a cued recall test. When a subject reported being unable to answer a question, on a randomly chosen half of those questions the computer program insisted upon a guess. Corrective feedback was provided either immediately (Experiment 1) or after a delay (Experiment 2). Forced guessing did not affect subjects' performance on a final test given 1 day later. We extended the investigation to more complex material in Experiment 3. Subjects saw a question (e.g., "Why do ice cubes often pop as they melt in your drink?") and its answer, but for half of the questions, subjects did not see the answer until they first provided a plausible explanation. On a test administered either on the same day or 1 week later, recall performance was again unaffected by a prior wrong guess


As part of our research program to characterize trace elements present in atmospheric particulate materials, we have determined the trace elements present in wet deposition events over Lake Champlain at monitoring sites in Willsboro and Moss Lake, New York, from samples collected each week between March 1992 and October 1993. No previous long-term trace-element data are available for weekly deposition events occurring over a 1 1/2-yr period. The concentrations of {approximately}40 elements have been determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), although not from within each sample. The concentrations of environmentally important anions SO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}} and NO{sub 3}{sup {minus}} were determined by ion chromatography. Measurements of pH were made on each sample as well. Particular attention was paid to 7 of the 11 toxic elements (antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, and selenium), whose control is mandated in Title III of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Of the remaining four, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy will be used to determine nickel, lead, and selenium concentrations, and mercury will be measured by cold-vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. These toxic trace elements are emitted from both natural and anthropogenic sources and can be removed from the atmoshere by wet andmore » dry deposition mechanisms.« less


New technologies that could revolutionize the design of buildings, roads, and dams were among the top 100 innovations of 2014.


The present invention provides an electrical and electronic device copper alloy material and the electrical and electronic components, electrical and electronic device using the copper alloy material containing 2.0 mass% or more and less than 3.3 mass% of Ni, and the Si content by mass Ni / Si ratio (Ni / Si ) in a range from 2.8 to 3.8, and containing 0.01 to 0.2 mass% of Mg, 0.05 ~ 1.5 mass% of Sn, 0.2 ~ 1.5 mass% of Zn, with the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities, wherein the pair when the thickness was 180 ° bend of radius R (mm) is t = 0.20mm, a width w = 2.0mm test piece, no crack minimum bending radius R is 0.1mm or less is more than 0mm; electric and electronic part by processing electrical and electronic device to form a copper alloy material.


ABSTRACT The 2013–2017 Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse found that children were abused in over 4000 Australian institutions between 1980 and 2015. The Commission referred at least 309 matters relating to abuse in Catholic institutions to the police. It is predicted that, in the coming years, older males will comprise an increasingly large part of the prison population in Australia. High increases are already being noted in one Australian jurisdiction, the Australian Capital Territory (the ACT). This paper provides a discussion on the current experiences of older prisoners in Australia and how agencies, such as corrective services, can best address the needs of this population in the coming years.


Beginning with the energy price and based on the definition of energy constraints in- tensity, this paper establishes the dynamic econometric model to describe the effect of energy constraints on exporting trade structure. The dynamic effect of energy constraints on export trade structure in the long run and short run is analyzed. The empirical study shows that energy constraints leads the adjustment of trade structure by direct energy price impact and indirect factors transfer in the short run, and the adjusting direction of energy constraints on exporting trade structure is uncertain in the long run.


In view of the widespread use of licit and illicit in most of the Western world, we suspect that there were not so many and so serious the damages that they cause, as stated, and we decided to assess the strength of such suspicion. The suspicion was correct in terms of physical health of individual users, as drugs do not appear among the top fifteen causes of morbidity or mortality in the population of Mexico, USA, Canada, Spain, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. However, drugs do cause psychological and social harm to the individual by promoting motivational indolence, serious psychotic symptoms potentially irreversible, and induce the commission of risky behaviors (traffic accidents) and even criminals (robbery, assault, rape). Drug use also damages the integrity and economy of the families of users and harms to the community, since it raises the rate of unemployment, lower tax revenues, increase costs of development programs, safety and welfare, and favor the exclusion of users in the workplace, schools, clubs and various utilities. Our results are of interest for the design of actions to control drug use to be consistent with the type, severity and extent of the individual and social harm that drugs cause.


The purpose of the Reusable Reentry Satellite (RRS) Propulsion System Trade Study described in this summary report was to investigate various propulsion options available for incorporation on the RRS and to select the option best suited for RRS application. The design requirements for the RRS propulsion system were driven by the total impulse requirements necessary to operate within the performance envelope specified in the RRS System Requirements Documents. These requirements were incorporated within the Design Reference Missions (DRM's) identified for use in this and other subsystem trade studies. This study investigated the following propulsion systems: solid rocket, monopropellant, bipropellant (monomethyl hydrazine and nitrogen tetroxide or MMH/NTO), dual-mode bipropellant (hydrazine and nitrogen tetroxide or N2H4/NTO), liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen (LO2/LH2), and an advanced design propulsion system using SDI-developed components. A liquid monopropellant blowdown propulsion system was found to be best suited for meeting the RRS requirements and is recommended as the baseline system. This system was chosen because it is the simplest of all investigated, has the fewest components, and is the most cost effective. The monopropellant system meets all RRS performance requirements and has the capability to provide a very accurate deorbit burn which minimizes reentry dispersions. In addition, no new hardware qualification is required for a monopropellant system. Although the bipropellant systems offered some weight savings capability for missions requiring large deorbit velocities, the advantage of a lower mass system only applies if the total vehicle design can be reduced to allow a cheaper launch vehicle to be used. At the time of this trade study, the overall RRS weight budget and launch vehicle selection were not being driven by the propulsion system selection. Thus, the added cost and complexity of more advanced systems did not warrant application.


Against the common view that the Holy Spirit did not indwell Old Testament believers it is argued that the opposite was the case. What was new about the New Testament promise of the Spirit was the incorporation of believers into the universal Church, the Body of Christ and the function of the Spirit of Truth in calling to mind all the Lord had taught the eleven during those years when they walked and talked with him. These would be the new works the Holy Spirit would perform, but as he had regenerated and indwelt in the past, so he would continue to do in the New Testament times. The indwelling presence of the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament EQ  •  315


Determination of soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) of intact fruit and juice of satsuma mandarin was carried out using a hand-held near infrared instrument ("NIR-Gun") in transmittance mode. The resulting calibration model measured SSC in intact fruit and juice with a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.33 °Bx and 0.42 °Bx, respectively. TA measurements yielded SEP values of 0.22% and 0.14% for intact fruit and juice, respectively.


Objective To observe the clinical effect of entecavir(ETV) in patients with chronic severe hepatitis B.Methods Forty-four patients with chronic severe hepatitis B were randomly divided into observation group and control group(n=22).Based on the comprehensive treatment,The patients in observation group were treated with entecavir 0.5 mg by mouth once a day.The patients in control group were treated with lamivudine 100 mg by mouth once a day,for three months.The serum HBV-DNA,HBVM,biochemical index and case fatality were investigated.Results After three months,serum HBV-DNA content in two groups was decreased significantly(t=5.012 8,t=4.906 0,P0.01),while it dropped more significantly in observation group than this in control group(t=2.339 7,P0.05).In control group,compared with pretreatment,alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and total bilirubin(TBIL) were significantly lower(tALT=10.858 9,tTBIL=8.560 5,P0.01),and albumin(ALB) and prothrombin activity(PTA) were significantly higher after treatment(tALB=6.197 5,tPTA=24.671 1,P0.01).In observation group,compared with pretreatment,ALT and TBIL were significantly lower(tALT=12.636 6,tTBIL=9.166 4,P0.01),and ALB and PTA were significantly higher after treatment(tALB=8.921 5,tPTA=27.766 6,P0.01).After treatment,ALT and TBIL were significantly lower(tALT=2.461 2,tTBIL=2.335 7,P0.05),and ALB and PTA were significantly higher in observation group than those in control group(tALB=2.520 1,P0.05;tPTA=3.101 2,P0.01).The case fatality rate was obviously lower in observation group than this in control group(χ2=4.13,P0.05),but there was no significant difference in HbeAg serology conversion rate between two groups after treatment(χ2=0.00,P0.05).Conclusion Entecavir is superior to lamivudine on curing chronic viral hepatitis B.


Camera calibration is one of the most important processes in computer vision. The systematic measurement accuracy largely depends on the accuracy of camera calibration. In this paper, we propose an automatic calibration method based on improved camera calibration template. For measuring object dimensions, we extract calibration points from the calibration template. However, there are many challenges in extracting additional information for camera calibration such as covering, nonuniform lighting, large viewing angle and distortion of camera. This new camera calibration template use new calibration points instead of the black and white squares on the traditional checkerboard. Because of this improvement, the automatic recognition algorithms can get a more accurate result than previous methods in identifying calibration points than previous methods. Experiments indicate that our novel approach outperforms most existing methods in some aspects such as scanning speed, stability and robustness. What's more, it changes traditional camera calibration into an automatic process. At the same time, the prior information of the linear relationship contributes to determining the position of calibration points.


Intramuscular content in meat influences some important meat quality characteristics. Chemical analysis is currently used to determine intramuscular fat percentage in beef meat. Nevertheless, this is a tedious and expensive technique. For the food industry, it will be very useful to have a cheaper and non-destructive technique to determine fat content. We investigate the feasibility of a new method to predict fat content. We model meat structure as a fractal, and assume the projected image can be described by a fractional Brownian motion (FBM). Experimental results show that this assumption is satisfied over an acceptable scale range. The Hurst coefficient of the FBM appears to present a high correlation with fat percentage.


Inconveniently, the area of greatest strategic importance was the area of least economic interest. It was unfortunate for the British taxpayer--and for the Egyptian taxpayer--that of all the native states that were to be submerged the Sudan was economically the least appetizing and (except for the Dutch republics) the one best able to defend itself. Perhaps expansion was harder in East Africa and attracted more of the government's attention, and hence of the authors', simply because it was being carried out in a region where it was not economically iustifiable. T•Evo• LLOYD


The geographic mobility of workers in the United Xtates was the subject of a study issued by the Universify of Michigan Survey Research Center in 1966.' The major findings of the study were the subject of an article in the March issue of the Bulletin; the foZZowing article, abo drawn from the study, outlines Negro-white differences in this important mechanism of economic adjustment and suggests methods by which existing racial disparities may be alleviuted.


The water body Brunnsviken in Solna has problems with contamination of different environmental toxins, and does not reach the criteria for good chemical status settled through EU directive 2013/39/ ...


Pakistan is facing political and economical problems which directly or indirectly effects on people. Soon after the independence, representatives failed to build a healthy political system in a country which affects badly the whole economy. Current study emphasizes on the role of democracy in Pakistan using time series macroeconomic and democracy related variables. The study utilizes the regression technique for estimating the relationship and shows that democracy and durability of democracy effects economic growth positively and internal conflicts effects negatively the economic growth. The study also proposes some valuable policy implications which help policy makers to understand the reality.


Prescription opioid misuse and unintentional overdose deaths involving these analgesics are increasing public health concerns among all ages in the United States.1-4 According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, prescription opioid-related overdose deaths have become the leading cause of injury deaths, outpacing motor-vehicle crashes in 6 US states and Washington, DC, in 2006.5 The increases in illicit prescription opioid use and related deaths are associated with a marked increase in number of opioid prescriptions written.6,7

OxyContin (Purdue Pharma) is an extended-release oxycodone formulation approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of moderate to severe pain. It is a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States with a significant history of aggressive commercial marketing as well as abuse and diversion.8,9 Pharmacokinetic studies of orally administered OxyContin report a mean terminal half-life (t1/2) of approximately 4.5 to 6.5 hours, mean time to maximum concentration (Tmax) of 2.5 to 5 hours, and oral bioavailability equivalent to immediate-release oxycodone (mean 60%, standard deviation [SD] 20%).10-12 Oxycodone is metabolized by N-demethylation via cytochrome P450 3A4 to noroxycodone, its primary metabolite. It is unlikely that noroxycodone contributes to the pharmacodynamic response in humans, because it has 4-fold lower affinity for the receptor than oxycodone and low μ-opioid receptor activation in GTPγS binding studies.13 However, oxycodone also is metabolized by O-demethylation via cytochrome P450 2D6 to oxymorphone,13 a μ-opioid agonist with analgesic potency approximately 10 times that of parenteral morphine.14

Immediate-release oxycodone products are prescribed approximately 5 times more frequently than extended-release oxycodone products; however, emergency department visits report the nonmedical use of extended-release oxycodone products approximately 4 times more often than immediate-release oxycodone products.15 OxyContin tablets can be easily crushed and snorted or injected to bypass the sustained-release feature, which likely contributes to its abuse liability. In 2008, 15% of publically funded substance abuse treatment admissions with prescription opioid abuse (eg, abuse defined as substance causing problems leading to the admission) reported snorting prescription opioids.16 However, there are no intranasal (IN) pharmacokinetic data demonstrating that OxyContin tablets have immediate-release characteristics when crushed, and the IN bioavailability of OxyContin is unknown despite its common misuse by this route. Thus, this study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone and its key metabolites when administered as IN crushed OxyContin tablets compared with intravenous (IV) immediate-release oxycodone solution.


Objective To observe the effect of health education and early rehabilitation training on the stroke patients.Methods 116 stroke patients disgnosed were randomly divided into control group and treatmeet groups.The control group conventional medical treatment and health education and early treatment of rehabilitation training in treatment group.To compare the psychological state,motor function and daily living of the patients before and after evaluating of the patients treatment.Results After 30 days HRSD,NIHSS,Barthel scores of treatmeet groups was significantly higher than control group(P0.05).Conclusion The early rehabilitation and health education training on stroke patients can significantly reduce disability,improve self-care capacityand improve quality of life.


Despite decades of research, treatment of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients remains suboptimal. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are characterized by hyperglycemia and often obesity, and many develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) at a greater rate compared to patients without diabetes. Activated platelets are known to be present in obese and diabetic individuals. Also, they promote monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic plaques which is crucial to ASCVD progression. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding platelets' contribution on atherosclerosis regression in T2D and obesity. In this study we assessed the
 hypothesis
 that platelet activation by diet-induced obesity and impaired glucose tolerance is detrimental to atherosclerosis regression. LDLR-/- mice fed a high fat-high cholesterol diet for 20 weeks became obese, glucose intolerant and hypercholesterolemic. Atherosclerosis regression was achieved by injecting apolipoprotein B antisense oligonucleotides for 3 weeks to normalize lipid levels. Additionally, mice received either platelet depletion or control antibody treatment every 3 days. We observed that after lipid lowering, plasma cholesterol levels were normalized, but mice remained glucose intolerant. Interestingly, platelet depletion (n=17, platelet count=804.5±45.58 vs 61.41±7.492 x 10
 3
 /μl) in regressed normocholesterolemic mice led to decreased monocyte recruitment (n=9-10, 12.7±3.472 vs 5.4±0.9 beads/leaflet, p value=0.0488) and macrophage (CD68+) area (n=5, CD68+ area=0.0695±0.0178 vs 0.0363±0.0034 mm
 2
 , p value=0.1041) in atherosclerotic plaques, compared to control injected mice. In conclusion, these data indicate that platelets play an important role in the recruitment of monocytes into plaques not only in atherosclerosis progression, but also during regression, and have a direct impact on plaque phenotype by altering CD68+ area. In-depth investigation of the plaque leukocyte population, by single cell RNA-seq, will give us a better understanding of platelets' role in the macrophage inflammatory phenotype in regressing atherosclerotic plaques and help us identify platelet-related factors that can be targeted in diabetic and obese individuals with ASCVD.


Aim  Interpretation of fossil pollen assemblages may benefit greatly from comparisons with modern palynological and vegetation analogues. To interpret the full‐ and late‐glacial vegetation in eastern‐central Europe we compared fossil pollen assemblages from this region with modern pollen assemblages from various vegetation types in southern Siberia, which presumably include the closest modern analogues of the last‐glacial vegetation of central Europe.


Aiming at the existing problems of common campus vehicle license plate recognition system,synthesizing the features of campus license plate,using the combined programming of Matlab and C# to implement the fast location and recognition of license plate,a campus license plate fast recognition system is designed and developed.The practice proves that the system simplifies recognition process,reduces hardware costs,and achieves good recognition results.


Summary form only given. Birefringent filters are routinely used as a wavelength tuning element in bulk optics, broadly tunable lasers such Ti:Sapphire [1] and dye lasers. A detailed description of birefringent filter operation can be found in ref. [2]. In this paper, we report the design, fabrication and characterisation of an integrated electro-optically tunable birefringent filter for wavelength and polarisation tuning of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) [3].Our generic design for an integrated tunable birefringent filter (ITBF) for QCLs is shown in Fig. 1(a). It consists of 2 quarter waveplates with a differential phase shift (DPS) section between them. The integrated equivalents of waveplates are polarization mode convertors (PMC) [4] that converts the TM (Transverse Magnetic) polarised light from the gain section into circularly polarised light. In a QCL there is only gain for TM modes because of the intersubband transition selection rules. The DPS section adjusts the relative phase of the TM and TE (Transverse Electric) components of the circularly polarized light from the first PMC (PMC1 in figure 1(a)); this is because the birefringence of DPS section can be adjusted by injection current. The relative phase of the TE and TM components at the input into the second PMC (PMC 2 in figure 1(a)) determines the output polarization. In a QCL, only TM light will experience gain and the wavelengths that are rotated back to TM polarization are determined by the current in the DPS section. Thus we have a QCL that has its operating wavelength selected by an electro-optic tunable birefringent filter. For wavelength tuning the gain section was operated pulsed (100 ns pulse width at 60 kHz repetition rate) above threshold, at a current density of 6.8 kA/cm, and wavelength tuning was recorded (shown in Fig. 1(b)) for various values of DC injection current density into the DPS up to 24nm at 0.41kA/cm2. In our polarization control experiments at 0 kA/cm2 a maximum throughput polarisation angle of 37O was recorded and this angle increases up to 82O with an applied DC current of 0.97 kA/cm2 into the DPS and no further change in polarization angle recorded above 0.97 kA/cm2 current density (shown in Fig. 1(c)).In summary we have presented results on a QCL that includes an integrated birefringent filter. The results show that the output wavelength and polarisation can be electro-optically tuned by injecting a DC current into a differential phase shift section.


Transportation services and facilities are part of a package that allows the elderly to perform important functions, including moving about at will, engaging in social and recreational activities when desired, and reaching business and social services when needed. However, major deficiencies in assistance to the elderly--from dysfunctional land use patterns to inappropriately targeted human services--exist and are obscured by myths and misconceptions that persist about the transportation patterns and problems of the elderly and how their mobility needs can be met. In addition, the persistence of historical views of the elderly--either no longer valid or totally false--interferes with society's ability to increase access for the elderly to community activities. The data and analysis presented in this paper effectively challenge many myths about the elderly. They suggest that the mobility problems of the elderly require both short term and long term responses in three areas: transportation, land use planning, and human service delivery models. The paper has seven major sections. The first indicates data sources and report organization. The next section focuses on demographic trends in society, especially the suburbanization of the elderly, and the transportation implications of those trends. The following three sections examine how the elderly provide their own transportation--in private vehicles, walking and cycling, in taxis and on transit--outlining current use patterns and barriers facing the elderly in each mode. The use of what has been called "socially provided" transportation--specialized transportation systems, human service agency programs, and volunteer networks--is examined in the next section. Although often advanced as the ultimate solution for the transport problems of the elderly, specialized transportation services face serious problems. In the last section, the data and analyses presented here are summarized and a simplified model is described that predicts both the number who will lose their driving skill and the number of trips that will be lost.


One of the Balkan states with which Turkish government developed its foreign trade relationships during the Ataturk period is Romania. While Turkish-Romanian trade balance in the period of 1923-1929 is in favor of Romania, after 1930s this balance started to change. With the Turkish precautions to decrease its imports, Turkey started to supply its own needs from internal channels. Turkey was mainly importing oil and oil derivatives. In exchange for these, its exported goods were basically agricultural products. In this study, the position of Romania in Turkish foreign trade is presented by comparing it with the other Balkan states and world countries.


When computers take over routine tasks at work, a number of employees engage in tasks that require independent problem solving . Current learning systems should encourage students to move beyond the level of thinking that is lower in order to become personally self-sufficient . The purpose of this study was to test the validity of the Plan-Do-Review-Share-Happy (Plandoresh) strategy stages as an effort to develop independent learning for vocational school students. This study used a descriptive method with the aim of obtaining the validity of the Plandoresh strategy stages with a random sample of 78 respondents. The results showed that: 1) the Plan stage is valid with r count > r table of 0.849 > 0.227, 2) the Do stage is valid with r count > r table of 0.873, 3) the Review stage is valid with r count > r tabel 0,856, 4) Tahap Share valid dengan r hitung> r tabel 0,868, 5) Tahap Happy valid dengan r hitung > r tabel 0,929. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tahapan strategi Plandores berlaku untuk diterapkan dalam upaya untuk mengembangkan belajar mandiri untuk kejuruan sekolah siswa.


Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) following lung transplantation is associated with elevated recipient plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). However, the significance of these biomarkers in the donor plasma is uncertain. We hypothesized that elevated donor plasma levels of PAI‐1 and RAGE would be associated with recipient PGD. We carried out a prospective unmatched case‐control study of double‐lung transplant recipients between May 2014 and September 2015. We compared donor plasma levels of PAI‐1 and RAGE using rank‐sum tests and t tests, in 12 recipients who developed PGD grade 2 or 3 within 72 hours postoperatively with 13 recipients who did not. Recipients who developed PGD had higher donor plasma levels of PAI‐1 than recipients who did not (median 2.7 ng/mL vs 1.4; P = .03). Recipients with PGD also had numerically higher donor plasma levels of RAGE than recipients without PGD, although this difference did not achieve statistical significance (median 1061 pg/mL vs 679; P = .12). Systemic inflammatory responses in the donor, as reflected by elevated plasma levels of PAI‐1, may contribute to the risk of developing PGD. Rapid biomarker assessment of easily available plasma samples may assist in donor lung selection and risk stratification.


Abstract Recently, during studies directed toward the total synthesis of the antibiotic frustulosin 11,2 we encountered some problems in the removal of methoxyl groups during the preparation of the phenolic aldehyde 2. Our efforts to effect this transformation led us to investigate the reactions of the boron trihalides with aromatic aldehydes. Although the methoxyl group has many desirable properties for hydroxyl protection its stability to both acids and bases often presents difficulties at the time of removal. Of the many reagents and methods devised3 for the removal of methoxyl and other alkoxyl groups boron tribromide can be considered as one of the most widely applicable reagents for this purpose. However, as a fairly powerful Lewis acid, complications can arise when acid.


Authors. Chapter One: Join the Leaders (Steven J. DeKrey). Chapter Two: When East Meets West (Steve Beason, Mark Knief and Chien Kwok). Chapter Three: Challenges in the World's Factory (Cassian Cheung). Chapter Four: Talent Development Begins at the Top (Scott L. Summerville). Chapter Five: Leadership by Example (Winnie Chow, Katsuhiko Dendo, Sean Kuan-Thye, Billy Liew, Sophia Wong and David Zhang). Chapter Six: The Ethics of Leadership - Part One (David M. Messick). Chapter Seven: The Ethics of Leadership - Part Two (David M. Messick). Chapter Eight: The Ethics of Leadership - Part Three (David M. Messick). Chapter Nine: China's Human Resources Challenge (William B Johnson). Chapter Ten: The Indian Experience (Shailendra Jain). Chapter Eleven: The Lessons Learned (Steven J. DeKrey). Addendum: The Hong Kong Jockey Club Case Study (Elizabeth Weldon).


The thesis controls stepping motor with computer to drive the force sensor and displacement sensor to collect force signal and displacement signal of fuel injection pumps corrector.Stable signals can be obtained through scale conversion,filtering and getting rid of unusual points.A very good measurement curve can be obtained.Two functions important index on fuel injection pumps corrector,fuel injection pumps pre-tightening force and correcting process has been gained successfully and it was applied to practice with good results,so it was very important in theoretical value and practical meaning.


The paper analyzed on the status quo of postgraduate and undergraduate education of orthodontics in China and seek solutions for improving conjunction between these two different stages by presenting measures in seven respects including grading undergraduate education curricu- lum, launching students seminar, developing students' scientific research activities, adjusting evalua- tion system, emphazing on bilingual teaching, distinguishing types of postgraduates and seting up the communication channel so as to find a proper way for orthodontic education in China.

Key words:
Orthodontics;  Undergraduate education;  Postgraduate education


. Fungi form a Fungi kingdom, apart from animals and plants, and are categorized by several characteristics, mainly the way they absorb nutrients. They are important organisms both ecologically and economically. Collectors of recyclable materials play a fundamental role in the recycling sector in Brazil. Solid waste collection is an activity that involves professionals with different natures of health risks, exposure to air pollution in the form of fungi, bacteria and toxic metals. This work sought to analyze the literature that addresses the issue of Recyclable Material Cooperatives, the main fungal diseases linked to the activity of recyclers, and to assess the occupational risks of this class of workers. For this, 3 keywords related to the topic were used for the search, and filters were applied to obtain only works published from 2012 to 2022 in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The data obtained are related to the year of publication, research area, platform categories and country of origin. In total, 541 (79%) published works related to the chosen descriptors were found in the Scopus database and 143 (20.9%) in the Web of Science database. Cryptococcus spp., Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are described as the most frequent pathogens in fungal respiratory infections. Because of this, special attention from public managers is necessary, since the imminent risks to which this class of workers is exposed is a public health problem and needs to be assisted by municipal, state and national managers.


Around the problem of constructing comfortable society and providing talents and intelligence for creating a new socialist situation with Chinese characteristic,this paper discusses the importance of developing education as strategy and how to give full play to the guiding、basic and overall function of education.


pOLITICAL name calling is as American as the wearing of campaign but1 tons. The 1940 presidential battle was no exception-in the closing days of the campaign the recitation of three names, 'Martin, Barton, and Fish,' became, for the Democrats, the political epithet supreme. But the hurling of verbal or written brickbats is not confined to the period before election day, and this has been especially apparent during the almost continuously controversial days since Franklin D. Roosevelt entered the White House in 1933. During all, or most, of that period, three other names stand out-Johnson, Pegler, and Ickes. General Hugh Johnson has been on both sides of the fence (sometimes simultaneously); Westbrook Pegler, since he graduated from sports authority to political commentator, has been anti-New Deal; Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior, has been the most outspoken defender of the Roosevelt administration. Pegler and Johnson have worked for the most part through the medium of their syndicated newspaper columns, although the General has been a public speaker on many occasions. Ickes has carried on his part of the running battle chiefly as a speaker. The collection given here of the fighting words of these three prominent public figures does not pretend to be complete. Too many damns have flowed over the words. Pegler himself once referred to the proclivity of certain 'liberals' for 'free and insulting speech.' This, then, is a sampling of the obviously free and undoubtedly insulting speech of Johnson, Pegler, and Ickes, compiled, not from the point of view of the historian or the political scientist, but simply as a case study of how certain representative Americans use their language when they go forth to political battle.l During the first Roosevelt administration, General Johnson's tongue and typewriter battered away at the Republican opposition. Some of the opponents of the New Deal were the scum of intellectual prostitutes; others were academic mercenaries; and Republican thinkers were intellectual


The first stage of ERP project of SG Groups(abbreviation for ShaoGuan ironssteels Co.Ltd.in Guangdong province) ERP project has successfully combined producing with sale,controls with managing,as well as three flows into one through producing flow control.We take the advantage of the agility,opening and convenience of Oracle Components to digest and know the technology in ERP.This essay would expound the design principles for quality module interface,and the functions of the manufacturing module and computation system as well as ERP module.The main function in ERP mainly consist of the auto-coding of products computation,the quadratic coding based on products' quality evaluations,and the auto-shift operation after the determination from accepted,returned,or inferior products.


In these days, the global warming has been becoming a major concern. According to some news resources, the amount of CO2 emissions in the home in a year is much larger than that by a car. With this background, the objective of our study is to let home residents recognized how much they use electricity in their everyday lives and make them aware of home ecology. As a first step for this, we propose a method to verbalize the amount and the trends of electricity consumption so that they can recognize them easily.


We underline that the Bakamjian-Thomas relativistic quark model is the only known theoretical scheme, describing hadrons with a fixed number of constituents, that yields covariant Isgur-Wise functions and satisfies the whole tower of lowest moment sum rules of the heavy quark limit of QCD (Bjorken-Uraltsev sum rules). In the heavy quark limit, it has been demonstrated that a formalism, based on Lorentz group representations in a Hilbert space, implies this class of sum rules. On the other hand, it has been recently shown that a Lorentz group representation in a Hilbert space underlies the Bakamjian-Thomas class of relativistic quark models in the heavy quark limit. Therefore, due to completeness in this space, the model satisfies the whole tower of Bjorken-Uraltsev sum rules. To illustrate in practice this feature we provide some examples. In particular, we demonstrate explicitly Bjorken and Uraltsev sum rules within the Bakamjian-Thomas framework, and also an interesting sum rule that involves only heavy mesons with light cloud $j^P = {1 \over 2}^-$ and their radial excitations. This latter sum rule is phenomenologically interesting because it constrains the derivatives of the radially excited Isgur-Wise functions at zero recoil. On the other hand, we recall the limitations of the Bakamjian-Thomas scheme. At finite mass, current matrix elements with the current coupled to the heavy quark are no longer covariant, and higher moment sum rules that hold in the heavy quark limit of QCD are not satisfied.


The civil war that occurred in Syria has since made many Syrians flee to various countries and one of them is Turkey. Since the beginning of the civil war in Syria, Turkey has implemented an open policy for Syrians. In the formulation of foreign policy, there are many variables that need to be considered, namely the environment and international situation and the personality of the leader. Given the strong leadership influence in Turkey's political life, such an approach promises many variations in the foreign policy outcome. The research method used was James Rosenau's adaptive model by looking at external and internal situations as research variables. Apart from that, the individual factor, namely President Tayyip Erdoğan's personality as a decision-maker is considered. The analysis technique used is literature and literature study with qualitative analysis. The writing of this scientific paper is aimed at answering what factors influenced the Turkish Government regarding its Open Door policy in the era of President Erdoğan.


Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterized by behavioral changes which may precede cognitive decline, being mainly a presenile disturbance with an insidious onset and high fa milial incidence1. Degeneration affects mainly prefrontal and temporal anterior brain areas; ex ecutive functions (EFs) and language deficits are commonly found. Changes in eating habits and psychosis have being recently studied as earliest symptoms. We present a FTD case start ing with mood symptoms, psychosis and compulsions to discuss differential diagnosis.


In this work we address two problems concerning information propagation in a population: a) how to maximize the spread of a given message in the population within the stipulated time and b) how to create a given level of buzz- measured by the fraction of the population engaged in conversation on a topic of interest- at a specified time horizon. Arising in the context of two rather disparate networks- social and wireless vehicular networks, their importance in campaigning on social networks and security in vehicular networks can only be understated. Taking a mean-field route, we pose the two problems as continuous-time deterministic optimal control problems. We characterize optimal controls, present some numerical results and provide practical insights. Interestingly, the problems we address are antithesis to those in disease epidemics, which need to be contained rather than actively spread.


The preapplied high strength and medium strength anaerobic adhesives were made by filling superfine calcium carbonate or silicon powder as filler in preapplied anaerobic adhesives.When filler amount was 6%by weight,the properties of preapplied anaerobic adhesive were the best.


ABSTRACT. Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free‐living ameba and an opportunistic agent of lethal granulomatous amebic encephalitis in humans and other mammals. Balamuthia mandrillaris is highly cytopathic but, in contrast to the related Acanthamoeba, does not feed on bacteria and seems to feed only on eukaryotic cells instead. Most likely, the cytopathogenicity of B. mandrillaris is inseparable from its infectivity and pathogenicity. To better understand the mechanisms of B. mandrillaris cytopathogenicity, an assay for measuring amebic cytolytic activity was adapted that is based on the release of a reporter enzyme by damaged target cells. The ameba is shown to lyse murine mastocytoma cells very efficiently in a time‐ and dose‐related manner. Furthermore, experiments involving semipermeable membranes and phagocytosis inhibitors indicate that the cytolytic activity of B. mandrillaris is essentially cell contact‐dependent. Standard and fluorescence light microscopy, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy support and extend these findings at the ultrastructural level.


Review(s) of: Gamble for Power How Bob Hawke beat Malcolm Fraser. The 1983 Election, by Anne Summers, (Nelson, Melbourne, 1983), pp. 218, rrp. $4.95. Review(s) of: Time of Testing. The Bob Hawke Victory, by Craig McGregor, (Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1983), pp. 257, rrp. $5.95. Review(s) of: The Things We Did Last Summer An Election Journal, by Bob Ellis, (Fontana/Collins, Sydney, 1983), pp. 184, rrp. $5.95. Review(s) of: 31 Days to Power Hawke's Victory, by Robert Haupt with Michelle Grattan, (Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1983), pp. 141, rrp. $6.95. Review(s) of: A Biography, by Blanche d'Alpuget, Robert J. Hawke, (Schwartz in conjunction with Lansdowne Press, Melbourne, 1982), pp. 418, rrp. $19.95. Review(s) of: The Hawke Ascendancy, by Paul Kelly, (Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1984), pp. 472, rrp. $19.95.


The present invention is active carbon producing method with city garbage and carbonizing furnace. The production process includes: initial crushing, wind selection, sieving eliminating inorganic matter, crushing flammable organic matter, dewatering, mechanical extruding to produce block, dry distillation and oxidation in carbonizing furnace to produce high temperature CO2 while eliminating heavy hydrocarbon and harmful flammable matter, reduction to produce CO and other flammable gas, and producing active carbon by means of producing carbide layer, mixing with steam and activation while CO and other flammable gas being led out for use as fuel. The carbonizing furnace has simple and reasonable structure and is easy to manufacture and operate.


The Decision Making in the field of water resources management represents a task of high importance and responsibility due to the following reasons: 1. The indispensable participation of a number of state and municipal institutions is required in this process. In Bulgaria, for example, these are the departments of the Ministry of Regional Development and Public Works (MRDPW), the Ministry of Environment and Water (MEW), the district and municipal administrations. The participation of private organizations as construction companies, investors, consulting organizations, etc., is also possible. 2. The decisions are made and are intended to be in force within a relatively long period – 20, 30 and more years. This means that once they have been approved and implemented, to change them or make corrections in them would be neither easy and cheap or rapidly accomplished in time. 3. The areas, "affected" by these solutions, as a rule are large geographic regions, economic districts, human resources. Indirect influence is also exerted on the business-economic relations of the whole state. 4. The realization of any of these decisions requires significant investments, the greater part of them being in principle state resources. For this reason the adequate decision making in the management and use of water resources is an extremely delicate and responsible task [1]. This trend will be enhanced further on in future due to the crucial importance of water resources for society.


The characteristics are studied on the conglomerate body of the member 4 of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Yong 554 well block,Dongying sag by core observing,thin section and grain size analysis,seismogram and logging.It is showed that this conglomerate body was a deep water channel turbidites formed in a trough fault paralleling sag′s long axis controlled by Tuo Yong Sheng fault and it′s secondary faults on the south east slope in Dongying sag.The conglomerate body had low compositional maturity and textural maturity.Being the main rock types,medium sandstone and coarse sandstone,which were arkoses and litharenite mainly,and conglomerate had poor coefficients of psephicity and sorting.It is showed by grain size analysis that graded suspending was the main transition manner of clasts.Most of the sedimentary structures were generated by 1 gravity flow.The paper found its offlap facies model including channel subfacies and overflowing subfacies by discussing facies markers.The properties and cause of formation of reservoir in this channel turbidites were analyzed in the end of the paper.


FCT, Portugal for financial support to CIMO (strategic project PEst·
OE/ AGR/ UI0690/2011) and to L. Barros ("Compromisso para a Ciencia 2008" contract). The
authors are also grateful to "MaisErvas - Aromaticas e Medicinais" company for supplying
the samples


Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising nanomaterials with unprecedented capacity to store small molecules. Titanium cooperated with NH2-UiO-66 were prepared via post synthesis modifications approach and their structures and properties were characterized by X-raydiffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and scanning electron microscopy. The resultant titanium cooperated with NH2-UiO-66 showed excellent performance for CO2 adsorption via the formation of oxo-bridged hetero-Zr–Ti clusters. This result clearly demonstrates that the smaller Ti ions exchanged with the Zr ions of NH2-UiO-66 may decrease the pore sizes within the framework to be closer to the ideal pore sizes for CO2 adsorption.


The Boundary Node Method (BNM) is a boundary-only meshfree method based on Boundary Integral Equations (BIE). One drawback of the usual BNM, however, is that it typically requires much more computer time than the usual Boundary Element Method (BEM). The Multipole Method (MM) has been demonstrated, in the context of the n body problem, and the BEM, to greatly accelerate these methods while still maintaining sufficient accuracy. The present paper explores, for the first time, a coupling of the BNM with the MM (called the BNMM) in the context of 2-D potential theory. Numerical results (for selected problems) from the BNM are compared with those from the BNMM with regard to accuracy and computational efficiency.


Hospitals and clinical environments are moving towards computerization, digitization and centralization, resulting in prohibitive amounts of digital medical images. Advance in telecommunication and information technology and emergence of electronic management systems are other reasons that resonating image problems. Therefore, Compression techniques are essential in archival and communication of medical images. In this paper we present a brief review on medical image compression methods which are applicable in telemedicine, ehealth, and teleconsulation systems. Index Terms – lossless compression, lossy comression, medical image compression; telemedicine;e-health.


: The study presents the results of the socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2020, which defines not only the results of activities in the context of a pandemic, but also the guidelines for the development of the Kazakhstani economy for the future. In the conditions of an unstable economy, it becomes critically important to increase the self-sufficiency of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of a system of measures to increase the stability of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan to crisis phenomena in the economy. State regulation of sustainable development is aimed at disclosing the industrial potential of individual regions and territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In addition to social support measures to mitigate the negative consequences of the pandemic, create and preserve jobs, an anti-crisis program, an employment roadmap was considered, key problems of the development of the real sector and entrepreneurship, fiscal and monetary, investment, social, foreign trade and regional policies were analyzed.


During 1985 the phasing in of 26 tonne axle loading of coal trucks on the Coal Line commenced. During 1986 severe track structural problems developed on the 60 kg/m track, disrupting the normal track maintenance program. The progressive deterioration of the track structure is described, as well as tests carried cut to find the cause of the problem. The train loads on the track could not be changed and the solutions adopted centered around the the strengthening of the track structure. These actions proved sufficient to curtail further deterioration and a balance between costs and track condition could be maintained.


Homeobox-containing genes encode DNA-binding proteins, which are highly conserved throughout evolution and function as transcriptional regulators. Homeotic genes were first identified in Drosophila melanogaster and a causal linkage between the expression of these genes and the identity of segmental units has been established (Akam et al., 1988). In higher vertebrates the 38 Hox genes correspond both functionally and structurally to the homeotic genes of Drosophila. They are organised in four separate gene clusters and are assumed to have arisen by duplication and expansion of an ancestral complex (Kappa et al., 1993; Schubert et al., 1993). Hox genes are expressed in mesoderm and neuroectoderm in nonidentical, overlapping domains (Kessel and Gruss, 1990; McGinnis and Krumlauf, 1992). The distinct combination of expressed Hox genes in segments along an anterior-posterior axis was defined as the Hox code (Hunt et al., 1991; Kessel and Gruss, 1991). The functional significance of the Hox code in the specification of positional identities during development in vertebrates was established by ectopic expression of Hox genes (Balling et al., 1989; Kessel et al., 1990; Lufkin et al., 1992; Morgan et al., 1992), by the introduction of loss of function mutants (Chisaka and Capecchi, 1991; Chisaka et al., 1992; Lufkin et al., 1991), in vivo modulation of Hox genes by retinoic acid (Kessel, 1992, 1993; Kessel and Gruss, 1991) and transplantation experiments (Guthrie et al., 1992). In invertebrates and in vertebrates there is a direct relationDevelopm Printed in


The presented review of scientific literature is devoted to biomedical research on the problem of transmeridian flights, as well as to search of ways of rapid overcome of desynchronosis occurring across time zones. It has been established that desynchronization of circadian oscillations of physiological functions after transmeridian flights was inevitable, the degree of its negative impact on the human body depended on individual biorhythms and can be corrected by proper choices of vital activity regime in the former and new time zones. The need in further research in the sphere of development and assessment of biological activity of the tools contributing to human rapid adaptation to changing time zones has been shown. One of the areas of research is development of means of correction based on preparations (and their components) of natural origin for optimization of functional state of bodies of humans after transmeridian flights who are ready to carry out their professional tasks in the shortest possible time.


BF Unlike the monoclonal antibodies that comprise many of the newer agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), tofacitinib (Pfizer) is a conventional small-molecule drug that can be orally administered. This property is an inherent advantage over the parentally administered monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies are large–molecularweight foreign proteins that can induce sensitization with the formation of antidrug antibodies that lead to loss of response or allergic reactions. Because tofacitinib is a small molecule, hypersensitivity reactions are uncommon. At the same time, it is important not to assume that tofacitinib is necessarily safer than monoclonal antibodies just because it is an oral drug. Small-molecule drugs frequently cause dose-dependent toxicities as a result of off-target side effects. In contrast, monoclonal antibodies are highly selective and are generally not associated with dose-dependent toxicity. It is important to recognize that tofacitinib is a potent immunosuppressive agent.


Ganhaizi Bridge is one of the most unusual viaducts that has been built in China in last years. It has a total length of 1811m, and the innovative structural typology is characterized by concrete filled steel tube (CFST) truss girders and CFST lattice piers. Ganhaizi Bridge is located in a very high intensity seismic area of Sichuan Province, and the structural typology adopted is expected to show a good seismic performance. This paper describes a study on the seismic performance of Ganhaizi Bridge. A multi-point shaking table test on a 1:8 scale specimen with two spans and three lattice high piers was designed and performed. The finite element simulation using OpenSees platform was developed. Results indicate that the frequency and displacement between specimen and prototype correspond to similitude relationship. Finite element analysis results are satisfied with experimental data. Furthermore, the influence of different ground motions are discussed. The bridge remains in elastic stage under strong ground motions, conforming that this innovative lightweight bridge has a favorable seismic performance.


The money laundering crime in the specific non-financial industry is increasingly rampant nowadays,so effective prevention and control is urgently needed both for the cracking down on such crimes and for the carrying out of the international responsibilities of our country.The current situation of the money laundering crime in the specific non-financial industry in our country still faces many obstacles,so we must perfect related legislation and working mechanism to push forward our anti-money laundering work.


We report on an optical parametric amplification system which is pumped and seeded by fiber generated laser radiation. Due to its low broadening threshold, high spatial beam quality and high stability, the fiber based broad bandwidth signal generation is a promising alternative to white light generation in bulky glass or sapphire plates. As pump source we propose the use of a high repetition rate ytterbium-doped fiber chirped pulse amplification system.


Based on best international practices, this work presents a proposal to improve the Brazilian regulatory framework about the incentive/penalty mechanism, in order to encourage the improvement of service quality in technical and commercial aspects. The proposal addresses several DSOs (Distribution system operators) in different levels of quality of service (technical and commercial), holistically improving the quality of service provided. To do so, it considers mechanisms based on exponential cost curves vs. quality of service indices, and a linear behaviour towards commercial index improvement. This work corresponds to the proposal that is presented in greater detail in the PhD thesis of Jenny P.G. Pérez.


A method for fraud detection when installing mobile applications was proposed. The developed method, in contrast to existing ones, uses all available data regardless of their types, dimensions, and discrepancies and converts such data into homogeneous coefficients based on the proposed scaling method. This approach allows one to improve accuracy of task solution and build an open to expansion knowledge base with characteristics of fraudsters and rules of detecting fraudulent users. A system of scales for converting heterogeneous data into homogeneous coefficients has been developed which has enabled construction of a mathematical model of the scaling process. The algorithm of scaling heterogeneous data sets based on the proposed scales and the mathematical model of the process of scaling large arrays of heterogeneous data has been developed which has made it possible to reduce the whole data set to two homogeneous groups. The algorithms of processing the resulting groups of homogeneous data and detection of fraudulent users were offered. The developed algorithms using coefficients of similarity between user characteristics form fingerprints of fraudsters, determine characteristics and dependences of fraudsters which allows one to increase efficiency and speed of the process of fraudster detection. A scheme of the fraud detection process which was used in the intelligent system of automatic detection of fraudsters for carrying out of experimental studies was proposed. According to the results of experimental study, accuracy of fraudster detection was 99.14 % for a given representative sample. The results of experimental studies have shown effectiveness of automatic detection of fraudsters and the possibility of expanding formats and characteristics of fraudsters based on intelligent analysis and knowledge bases.


Background: Snoring is a common symptom of underlying conditions, such as allergic rhinitis, Aden tonsillar hypertrophy, or obstructive sleep apnea. It is important to take it into account and examine the situation to prevent the development of severe OSA and its related co-morbidities. Intranasal steroids aid in lowering airway inflammation, which lowers upper airway resistance while you sleep. Early steroid intervention aids in the development of OSA from habitual snoring, but delayed diagnosis is associated with higher OSA recurrence.
Methods: Parents of children with snoring aged 4-15 were given a questionnaire and asked if they were willing to pursue treatment. The questionnaire included the patient's history of snoring, breathing abnormalities, symptoms of mouth breathing, and daytime tiredness. The mother and child started using intranasal fluticasone spray twice daily for six weeks.
Results: The study examined 40 individuals between November 2008 and February 2010, with 65% of the participants being men and 35% being women. The age distribution of the study group was 21 kids aged 4 to 7, with 12 children aged 8-11 making up 30% and 7 children aged 12-15 making up 17.5%. The average age was 8.3 years. Intranasal steroids were effective in treating AR symptoms, but some kids had a high likelihood of treatment failure. Allergic symptoms can be prevented by avoiding allergens, and medical anti-allergic medication is essential for reducing nasal and OSA symptoms.
Conclusions: Older age and prevalence of AR symptoms are linked risk factors for intranasal Steroid treatment failure in older children.


Based on the finite element analysis method,the contact stress distribution at the hub bearing surplus coupling place was analyzed,under the big radial direction load,of some heavy vehicle real-wheel drive.The results show that: the greatest stress easily appears at the bottom side of the small hub bearing.In the maximum load conditions,the greatest stress is more than materials yield limit of the wheel hub,a skid phenomenon happened between the small hub bearing and the wheel hub,and failing cooperation caused.To solve the development of failing cooperation between hub bearing outer ring and the wheel hub in heavy vehicle,the high yield limit material is needed to adopt.


Formalism in the first half of the twentieth century: 'pure science' or a case of effective rhetoric? Review of: German Art History and Scientific Thought - Beyond Formalism, edited by Mitchell B. Frank and Daniel Adler, Surrey / Burlington: Ash gate, 2012,177 pp, 28 b & w ills., £55.00 hdbk, ISBN 9781409440239.The historiography of art history can roughly be divided into three major approaches; first, there are overviews of the development of the discipline in which the gradually evolving methodology forms the lead, and in which key figures are attributed with the 'invention' of crucial concepts; then there is the focus either on particular persons, schools or historical periods and the development of specific methods in the field, and thirdly, there are the conceptually oriented inquiries. Studies of the third kind sometimes attempt to overcome criticism of the internalistic descriptions of general historiographies of art history by placing the development in a larger social or academic framework. The volume under review takes this last perspective by opening up the question what kind of relation art history had with other disciplines, especially the human and natural sciences.The time frame is constituted by the developments in German-speaking countries in the period between 1880 and 1955, when both art history and the sciences were attempting to formulate their fundamental methodologies. Even though this seems a rather obvious subject, there are in fact few publications on this particular relationship. In general volumes on the historiography of our discipline, this perspective is almost always passed over. If it is being dealt with, we often find a reference to the philosophical issues underlying it, which ignore the more practical reasons (for example, taxonomy as a structuring method)that often also played a role in this exchange.1 Also in studies of particular subjects or persons it is difficult to acquire a good idea of the breadth of this exchange. When it is being discussed, it is mostly done from the perspective of 'Kunstwissenschaft', and even in this case, the precise relation between 'hard science' and the development of ideas and concepts in art history can only be treated generically, as the field is too vast to deal with in its entirety.2The essays in the present volume, even though they all focus on a particular case, help the reader to gain a broader insight in the exchange between science and art history. As the subtitle announces, the publication takes the development of formalism as its lead, and intends to follow how various art historians embarked on the study of artistic form with the help of approaches derived from neighbouring sciences. It underlines that there is no such thing as a coherent or even dominant definition of the formalism in the period under discussion, let alone today. To the contrary, the volume implicitly uncovers the origins of the various definitions of formalism to its multiple roots around 1900. Each essay focuses on another scientific tradition that contributed in one way or another to an exclusive attention to form. At the same time, the essays in this volume point out that this narrowing down of the discussion of art to its supposedly quintessential qualities also led to a quest for non-objective aspects that could not be sensed, but only intimated. So, while the objective became stressed as an indication of the scientific character of art history, it also led to metaphysical approaches that could 'explain' deeper meanings, whether historical, social or racial, of the work of art in question.For this reason, it is no surprise that most attention in this book is paid to the impact of phenomenology, psychology, psychophysiology, and physiognomy on art historians. These were the sciences where explicit attention was paid to those aspects which could not be beheld directly, but which could only tested and/or hypothesised though theoretical lenses - exactly as art historians strove for explanations in which they related the visual evidence to invisible historical, cultural or racial concepts. …


Cadmium telluride (CdTe) detectors are usually subjected to elevated temperatures during postprocessing and bonding them to readout electronics while fabricating imaging arrays. We studied the effects of low-temperature and short duration rapid thermal annealing of CdTe bulk as well as CdTe epitaxial-layer-based detectors with evaporated gold contacts. The detectors were annealed in the temperature range of 100 °C–300 °C, and its effect on the detector dark current, gamma detection property, and response stability was studied. For the bulk-detectors, the detector dark current decreased and gamma detection properties as well as the performance stability improved after annealing. However, such improvements were moderate for epitaxial-layer-based detectors. The study of the metal–semiconductor interface of annealed detectors revealed that diffused gold, elemental oxygen, and tellurium oxide existed and extended deep inside the bulk portion in epitaxial detectors; however, they were confined in the surface regions only in bulk-detectors, which likely be the causes of observed results in these two types of detectors.


Seven useful mixed-ligand complexes in the form of [Ir(terpy)(L)Cl]^2+ were prepared and their spectroscopic and electrochemical properties were investigated. The ligands used were terpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine, L = 2,2′-bipyridine, 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, 4,4′-diphenyl-2,2′-bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline, 5-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine. Synthetic methods were developed by a sequential ligand-replacement which occurred in the reaction vessel using a microwave oven. All complexes showed that LUMOs are based on the π -system contribution of the terpyridine ligand for [Ir(terpy)(bpy)Cl]^2+, [Ir(terpy)(dmbpy)Cl]^2+, [Ir(terpy)(dpbpy)Cl]^2+, [Ir(terpy)(phen)Cl]^2+, [Ir(terpy)(dpphen)Cl]^2+ and [Ir(terpy)(phphen)Cl]^2+. On the other hand, the LUMO in the [Ir(terpy)(bppz)Cl]^2+ complex is localized on the π -system of the bppz ligand, whereas the HOMOs in the iridium complexes are localized on the terpyridine ligand. It was found that Ir(terpy)(L)Cl emits in a fluid solution at room temperature. The ancillary ligands, such as terpy and bpy, have been explored to extend the lifetime of the triplet ^3( π – π *) excited states of Ir(III) terpyridine complexes. Ir(III) terpyridine units with an electron donor (dmbpy) or electron acceptor substituents (terpy, dpbpy, phphen, dpphen and bppz) are found to decrease the energy of the ^3LC states for use as photosensitizer molecular components in supramolecular devices. The spectroscopic and electrochemical details are also reported herein.


In this column, the author shares insights on teaching-learning uncovered in considering the experiences of growing up on a farm, illuminated by insights from a treasured childhood book as perceived through the nursing theoretical lens of humanbecoming. Suggestions for planning and planting for the future of nursing are offered and questions are asked as a guide for the nurse teacher.


Security of data plays a key role in any technology. Cloud computing helps the user in managing the data easily and at low cost. Traditional methods of securing data like password, smart card etc. are not very secure and can be hacked easily. Biometrics of any person is unique and can be used for securing data. In fact, the advantage of using biometrics is that it cannot be forged, forgotten, misused or misplaced. In this paper I have described about cloud computing, security issues with cloud computing and the role biometrics play in securing data in cloud. In this I have given a framework for securing data on cloud using multimodal biometrics and the two modalities used are voice recognition and face recognition. Only if the person is verified then access to the cloud services is given to them. IndexTerms Cloud, Biometrics, Unimodal, Multimodal, Voice recognition, Face recognition, Security.


A remote wireless thermometer system is putted forward for the situation of measuring and recording body temperature by hand in the hospital.This system is composed of two core modules,i.e.,remote thermometer module and central receiver module,which both take MSP430 MCU as master control.The remote thermometer module utilizes TN9 sensor chip to measure body temperature and send the data by the nRF905 RF chip wireless.The central receiver module receives the data and transfers them to PC by RS232 to record the temperature automatically.After the practical test,it can be found that the system can be fast and accurate measurement,recording and management of body temperature.This system with low-power,low-cost and high-practicality has good promotional value.


Objective:To observe the long-term effect of mitomycin C combined with Ahmed glaucoma valve(AGV) implantation on the refractory glaucoma. Methods:After A GV implantation, a retrospective study of clinical effect and complications were conducted on 35 eyes from 32 patients with refractory glaucoma with one-year follow-up. Results:The long-term successful rate was 80.0%. The average IOP decreased from the preoperative (47.28±13.14)mmHg to the postoperative (17.62±6.42)mmHg. The complications caused by the unsuccessful operation included bleb encapsulation in 2 eyes (5.7%), flat anterior chamber in 2 eyes (5.7%), tube blockage in 2 eyes (5.7%), and exudativech roidal detachment in 1 eye (2.8%). Conclusion:Mitomycin C combined with the AGV implantation surgery may be effective and safe for treating refractory glaucoma.


Based on Hellinger-Reissner's variational principle, a rectangular finite element for plate bending is derived with bilinearly varying deflection and incompletely linear moments. This method is an example of the mixed method first proposed by Herrmann, where both displacement and stress are adopted simultaneously as fundamental variables. Because continuity conditions required on the fundamental variables are much relaxed compared with compatible models, suitable shape functions can be easily derived and calculation of the element matrix can be performed by hand. The explicit expression of the element matrix for general orthotropic plates is presented in this paper. A few simple test problems are computed in order to demonstrate the accuracy of the present model, and it is shown that it gives improved results compared with Herrmann's triangular element. Convergence is also assured when suitably small mesh sizes are adopted, and this element can be utilized in general practical problems.


Daily airborne pollen grains were collected in Trieste (1990–2004) using a Hirst‐type trap. A large quantity of pollen grains was found, the mean annual total being 48 082 grains. Daily counts were particularly high between March and June, the highest values being recorded between April and May. A total of 123 different pollen taxa from 80 families were identified. Almost half of the total pollen content came from introduced trees and shrubs, one fifth from natural woodlands, and one quarter from herbaceous taxa. This composition reflects the ornamental and ruderal flora of the town, as well as the natural vegetation surrounding the urban area. The pollen richness of both mesophilous and thermophilous taxa reflects the complexity of this zone, considered a "crossroad" of species of different chorological types. Total daily pollen concentrations were positively correlated with temperatures only in the pre‐peak period. The main taxa, except for Urticaceae, Pinus and Gramineae, displayed positive correlations with temperatures both in the main pollen season and in the pre‐peak period. The annual pollen sum of Ostrya was negatively correlated with total rainfall of the previous summer, and that of Pinus was negatively correlated with the winter severity.


Abstract In the current age, the increased need for the restoration of forest ecosystems necessitates a better understanding of natural processes. Forest stands that are affected only by natural processes and disturbances can serve as references and controls for comparison with cut or otherwise managed forests. Such a comparison may help us determine, whether our sylvicultural practices actually pursue the goal of sustainable development. It is also important to use uniform terminology across the world to facilitate sharing of experiences and results. Creating reference and control stands in every ecoregion will provide a rich scientific basis for comparison with managed forests and allow us to design and apply restoration methods more effectively.


Despite some common misconceptions, agile practices can be used when developing safetyrelated automotive embedded software. In a working group of the ZVEI (Zentralverband Elektrotechnik und Elektronikindustrie), multiple companies exchanged their experiences especially with Scrum (as one prominent example for agile methods) and ISO 26262 (the automotive functional safety standard) and came to the following conclusions: 1. Agile methods like Scrum can be combined with functional safety. 2. It is beneficial to use agile methods like Scrum in complex safety-related developments. 3. In safety-related development, agile teams must consider additional activities and process requirements. 4. The role of the safety manager can be integrated into agile teams. 5. The agile practices refactoring, pair programming and continuous integration are recommended for use in safety-related development


In this paper, we compare the optimal portfolio weight of mean-variance (MV) method with mean-variance-skewness-kurtosis (MVSK) method. MV is a method to get weight on a portfolio. This method can be developed into the method of MVSK with attention to the higher-order moment of return distribution; skewness and kurtosis. In determining the weight of portfolio is also important to consider the skewness and kurtosis of return distribution. This method of considering the aspect of skewness and kurtosis is called the MVSK method with the aim of maximizing the level of return and skewness and minimizing the risks and exceeding of kurtosis. The result indicate that the optimal portfolio return of all methods is MVSK method with minimize variance priority.


Brisbane has many claims to fame. The city affectionately described by locals as Brisneyland or BrisVegas was the world's busiest submarine port during the Second World War. Thirty years ago, it was the host of Expo 88. It is the home of the Gabba cricket ground, the Bee Gees and the late Crocodile Hunter, Steve Irwin. It is the birthplace of Lucas' Papaw Ointment and that Australian delicacy, the lamington. Yet in the not-so-distant past, Tourism Australia promoted the city not as a destination in itself but as "The Gateway to the Gold Coast" or "A Portal to the Pacific": a mere rest stop before the thrill rides at Dreamworld or an underwater adventure on the Barrier Reef. Brisbane's other nickname, the Cinderella City, is a reference to her neglect and a dig at her older stepsisters (neither Sydney nor Melbourne are ugly, of course, but both are incredibly vain).


Tabanus sparus var. milleri Whit. Miami; St. Augustine; St. Petersburg (4) (Types) ; Inverness, III-18, 24 (1); Ft. Myers, IV-17-16 C. P. Whitney; Gainesville; Monticello, IV-18 to V-14-35; Wacissa, VI-5-35; Port St. Joe, V-20-35. Typical sparus from New England has the eyes immaculate, Florida specimens seem always to have a single dark band, while according to Bequaert (1933) those from Staten Island may be of either type.


Abstract In this research, synthesis of Fe-TiC nanocomposites from activated ilmenite concentrate and carbon black was investigated. Ilmenite and carbon black as raw materials were milled in a planetary ball mill and sampled after different milling times. The activated powder was heat treated at different temperatures in an atmosphere control tube furnace and analyzed by X-ray diffraction technique. The X-ray diffraction results showed that increasing the milling time would lower the synthesis temperature of final products. Furthermore, the lattice parameter showed deviation from standard size, and mean grain size was decreased. In contrast, the strain of the system was increased based on the calculations.


Application of three-dimensional modeling software based on rhinoceros as well as V-ray for rhinoceros in metal packaging design is introduced. The paper conducts detailed discussion on computer virtual technology featuring double-sided metal material and bump graphic effects in the process of metal packaging design, providing effective methods for designing of such packaging container and virtual demonstration.


Subtitle: Operational incidents and the human factor are the largest cause of insurance claims in ports and terminals, but loss prevention recommendations are beginning to make a difference, writes Benedict Young.


In many ways, the talk show Zur Person (ad personam), hosted by homme politique and journalist Günter Gaus, appears to be the perfect example to illustrate the principles of factuality and matter-of-factness. The black box atmosphere, the minimalist décor, the focus on the invited guest and the intricacy and academic character of the questionnaire all contributed to the impression that this was a show in which set-design and cinematography were of little or no importance. At the same time, a closer look at the filmed encounters in Zur Person, especially in its early phase from 1963 until 1968, reveals that the minimization of all things visual or ornamental was neither artless nor accidental. In fact, this is minimization with a method, a programmatic austerity, promoting not just a certain style of mise en scène, but also, as I will try to show, a specific use of space and perspective as well as a concept of interviewing that functions as a form of world-building. The following article will discuss these ideas with a focus on a famous interview between Günter Gaus and Hannah Arendt, which was recorded on September 16th 1964 and broadcasted six weeks later on October 26th. In many ways, this encounter resembles the interviews that preceded and followed it, insofar as Zur Person is a talk show, which seems to have offered little else but talk. Highly intelligent talk, to be sure, which, in the case of Arendt, begins with a discussion about the differences between philosophy and political theory, and then follows up with Arendt's biography. In a more or less chronological order, Arendt's childhood years in Königsberg to her studies in Marburg, Freiburg, and Heidelberg are all recalled; her escape from Nazi Germany in 1933, her exile in France and in the United States, her visits to Germany after 1945 up until the controversy surrounding her book on the Eichmann trial1 (a German translation had been published not long before the author appeared on Zur Person, in the summer of 1964 2). 1.


SUMO is an open source traffic simulation package including the simulation application itself as well as supporting tools, mainly for network import and demand modeling. SUMO helps to investigate a large variety of research topics, mainly in the context of traffic management and vehicular communications. We describe the current state of the package, its major applications, both by research topic and by example, as well as future developments and extensions. Keywords-microscopic traffic simulation; traffic management; open source; software


A process for the purification of crude glycerin utilizing ion exclusion chromatography fractionation, and one or more dewatering steps under moderate temperatures and pressures.


WinSock 2.0 supports the SIO_RCVALL socket command, this command permission assigned socket receiving all IP grouping of passing this machine. This paper introduce using SIO_RCVALL command capture network first floor data packet, and developed a program model further to discuss the method of using the SIO_RCVALL command capture data packet.


We analyse an empirical case study of an inter-organizational information system (IOIS) in the Australian pharmaceutical distribution industry, using a theoretical data coding approach, to provide a concise grounded account of changes in the material, normative and ideational structures within the participating practices over a 25 year period as the IOIS evolved from a proprietary closed system to a quasi-open shared ordering platform. We find evidence that the resilience of the IOIS over this long time period is explained by a layered accumulation of new structures at the level of individual practices, while the punctuated evolutionary change accompanied the appearance of a new practice, historically connected to the incumbent practices. These findings are in substantial agreement with systems evolution mechanisms proposed by Porra (1999). Understanding IOIS evolution will be important for the provision of key enabling information infrastructures envisioned in existing and planned ICT-mediated healthcare initiatives.


This Economic Letter first reviews some predictions about the exchange rate implications of a return of the U.S. current account into balance. It then presents a recent study that considers the role of greater financial integration and the resulting importance of valuation effects. Finally, it evaluates the impact of valuation effects for those countries that have purchased the bulk of liabilities issued by the U.S. in recent years.


Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction is the main reason of congestive heart failure,and the reconstruction of extracellular matrix is one of the most important molecular mechanisms.Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) are an important proteinase system to hydrolyze the components of extracellular matrix.Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMPs) are specific endogenous MMP inhibitors.The imbalance of MMPs and TIMPs is an important regulator of collagen network remodeling after myocardial infarction.The research progresses in the roles of MMPs and TIMPs in ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction and the anti-remodeling therapy with MMP inhibitors are reviewed.


I wrote this piece for In Perspectives based on a presentation I did for the Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning – CMAP. CMAP was created to integrate planning for land use and transportation in the seven counties of north-eastern Illinois. My presentation followed the presentation by a Federal Reserve Board economist. It was intended as a sort of antidote to the stark realism of his graphs and pie charts. My role was to identify responses to a down economy: actions that are still possible and opportunities that a down economy creates. These are ideas I am using in Evanston and with clients around the country at this time of economic crisis.


The US Food and Drug Administration has stated its appreciation of continuous bioprocessing (CBP), and some studies have shown that it can save manufacturers time and money. However, the bioprocessing industry is still reluctant to implement continuous bioprocessing right away. It will be interesting to see which companies will be among the first-movers to harness the competitive benefits. Although few biologics today are made using CBP-enabled equipment (e.g., advanced bioreactors), the industry is changing. For biologics already in production, it is difficult to displace existing processes. But for early stage pipeline biologics, adopting new process technologies can be easier from a regulatory and a manufacturing strategy perspective. The biopharmaceutical industry has not yet fully embraced CBP models. However, it is maturing and expanding globally, which means its willingness to adapt to meet different needs and requirements is changing.


INDIANAPOLIS, May 28, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -TAUVID TM, a radioactive diagnostic agent, has been approved by the FDA for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the brain to estimate the density and distribution of aggregated tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in adult patients with cognitive impairment who are being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD).1 A neuropathological diagnosis of AD requires the demonstration of the presence of both beta-amyloid neuritic plaques and tau NFTs in the brain. TAUVID is the first and only approved diagnostic agent to image tau NFTs in the brain. Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY), developed TAUVID and AMYVID® (Florbetapir F 18 Injection) to provide physicians with meaningful information on the presence of both pathologies to aid the evaluation of patients suspected of having AD.1,2


This thesis is a qualitative case study on how Swedish companies operating in global valuechains percieve their level of transparency concerning social- and environmental aspects, andhow they manag ...


A wideband pattern-diversity cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with high isolation is proposed. Based on the equivalent medium principle and the presented DRA structure of wheel shape, the resonant frequency of the HEM11<italic>δ</italic> mode is increased and combined with that of the HEM12<italic>δ</italic>+1 mode to obtain a wide operation band, both of which are excited by a rectangular slot. In addition, the TM01<italic>δ</italic> mode with wideband impedance matching is well excited by a probe in the presented antenna. The TM01<italic>δ</italic> mode with omnidirectional pattern and the HEM11<italic>δ</italic> and HEM12<italic>δ</italic>+1 modes with an unidirectional pattern are utilized to obtain wideband pattern-diversity DRA. For verification, a prototype of the presented DRA was fabricated and measured. The measured overlapped impedance bandwidth is about 30% (3.08–4.16 GHz), and the port isolation is higher than 30 dB. Besides, the envelope correlation coefficient is very low.


Sediments from two tidal flats in Yaquina Estuary, Oregon, USA^ontaining epipelic and epipsammic diatom communities, were sampled monthly for a period of one year. Prepared slides of the diatoms wcre made and thc taxa identified and photographcd, Taxa from the Biraphidineae and Monoraphidineae were most prevalent but many Araphidineac were present äs weih A total of 154 species and varieties reprcsenting 55 genera were found. The interstitial diatoms were found to comprise a unique habitat with a characteristic flora which differs considerably from the cpilithic diatom community. The Southbeach and Sally's Bend tidal flats differed from cach other in Community structure, this in all likelihood being due to the differing physical, chemical, and biological parameters to \vhich the diatoms are exposed. Allochthonous taxa from fresh-water, phytoplankton, and fossil forms were found on occasion. Ten new species vere described and holotypes deposited in the diatom collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. This study extends the distribution of many diatoms prcviously unreported from the Pacific coast of North America and further supports the cosmopolitan naturc of many of these organisms.


As the Earth moves into the second decade of the 21st century, one of the major things that arise and use online communities and social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter become popular among online communities with large user populations. According to Madden & Lenhart (2007), a social networking site is a place to online where a user can create a profile and build a personal network that connects him or her to another user by interacting with each other. It demonstrates how the social networking sites are very important in people's life to connect themselves with the others in the world. In addition, to routinely checking emails, reading daily forums and newspaper following instant message tools, people now also check their social networking profiles by following others' status changes, updating their profiles or looking at others' profiles (Mazman & Usluel, 2011). Because the popularity of these networks has arisen, these sites have generated concern among some parents, school officials, and government leaders about the potential dangers posed to young people when personal data is made available in such a public setting.


It is apparent that leadership in a company is indispensable for a company's success. As we, all know that human resources are the main part of any organization.