Background The significance of deep structural lesions on level of consciousness early after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is largely unknown. Methods We studied a consecutive series of patients with spontaneous ICH that underwent MRI within 7 days of the bleed. We assessed consciousness by testing for command following from time of MRI to hospital discharge, and determined 3-months functional outcomes using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E). ICH and oedema volumes, intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), and midline shift (MLS) were quantified. Presence of blood and oedema in deep brain regions previously implicated in consciousness were assessed. A machine learning approach using logistic regression with elastic net regularization was applied to identify parameters that best predicted consciousness at discharge controlling for confounders. Results From 158 ICH patients that underwent MRI, 66% (N=105) were conscious and 34% (N=53) unconscious at the time of MRI. Almost half of unconscious patients (49%, N= 26) recovered consciousness by ICU discharge. Focal lesions within subcortical structures predicted persistent impairment of consciousness at discharge together with MLS, IVH, and ICH and oedema volumes (AUC 0.74; 95%-CI 0.73-0.75). Caudate nucleus, midbrain peduncle, and pontine tegmentum were implicated as critical structures. Unconscious patients predicted to recover consciousness had better 3-month functional outcomes than those predicted to remain unconscious (35% vs 0% GOS-E ≥4; p-value=0.02). Conclusion MRI lesions within key subcortical structures together with measures reflecting the mass effect of the haemorrhage (lesion volumes, IVH, MLS) obtained within one week of ICH can help predict early recovery of consciousness and 3-month functional outcome.


This work presents the fabrication of potassium chloride encapsulated in starch–alginate matrix, crosslinked by calcium chloride to form hydrogel bead. Sixteen formulations (S1–S16) were designed in four levels sodium alginate (SA 0.5% w/v to 2.0% w/v) and potassium chloride (KCl 5% w/v to 20% w/v) with 10% w/v starch and 0.75 M calcium chloride. The analysis reviewed that a higher concentration of sodium alginate, coupled with a lower KCl concentration, results in enhanced encapsulation efficiency. Notably, hydrogel beads formulated with higher concentrations of SA exhibited a more uniform, spherical shape with compact surfaces. Higher SA concentration has lower the swelling of the beads and therefore reduces its potassium release in general. In another word, with higher SA concentration, the release rate was at a better control to the expected release timeframe. On the contrary, it was also observed that the sample's dissolution in water after 24 h increased with the rising SA content. A higher concentration of sodium alginate led to an increased biodegradation rate, with the biodegradation rate increasing by 25% as the SA concentration was raised from 0.5% to 2% over a period of 5 days. In conclusion, this study represents a preliminary exploration into the viability of encapsulating potassium within a starch/SA matrix, with the optimal ratio of starch, alginate, and potassium was found to be 10:2:5. The significance of this work lies in its potential applications within agricultural practices, particularly in drought‐prone regions, owing to its hydrogel properties. By precisely tailoring the starch, alginate, and potassium ratios, this study opens avenues for further advancements in sustainable nutrient delivery systems.


An extended source located near the axis of a nearly circular, sufficiently nonlinear lens can produce extended-arc-like images. Examples of these may have been found near three distant clusters of galaxies which seem to be acting as gravitational lenses. We propose a simple geometrical method for locating images of objects using the Einstein ring and the corresponding caustic. We also give an approximate theory of lenses for which deviations from circularity are small perturbations. We discuss noncircular perturbations of practical interest for gravitational lensing and properties of the arcs that are thus formed.


Michael Dummett has shown that the fragment '17 Kernsatze zur Logik' is evidence that Frege knew Lotze's Logik Dummett's dating of this fragment prior to 1879, however, must be rejected.The present paper shows that there are other articles of Frege's which bear clear traces of Lotze's LogikFirst of all, the expressions Vorstellungsverlauf from 'Uber die wissenschaftliche Berechtigung einer Begriffsschrift', and veranlassenden Ursachen, from 'Logik', certainly are borrowed from Lotze.Second, there are links between 'Booles rechnende Logik und die Begriffsschrift' and Lotze's Logik. Furthermore, it is shown that Frege's 'Kernsatze', the 'Dialog mit Punjer uber Existenz', and his 'Logik' are intimately connected.All of this indicates that these texts were written in roughly the same period, namely the early 1880s.Conclusive evidence for this is that the terms Vorstellung and Vorstellungsverbindung are used indiscriminately in both a psychological and a logical sense in the 'Begriffsschrift', a fact which con...


Objective To study the clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods 87 cases of GISTs were studied with conventional histopathological and immunohistochemical stains. Results All patients were adults, age range 28 to 73 years (mean 53 year), the tumors were situated in stomach (56 cases), in small intestine (29 cases), in colon (2 cases). The tumors had two kinds of cells: spindle cells and epithelioid cells, they were different in proportion. Immunohistochemically, vimentin were all positive, CD117 and CD34 showed diffuse strong expression, SMA and S-100 were positive when the tumors differentiated to smooth muscle and nerve. Conclusion GISTs predominantly occurred in middle aged or old patients, the tumors were composed of spindle cells and epithelioid cells. The immunohistochemical characters were positive for CD117 and CD34.


Background "Active Ageing" is an inclusive term thus has been defined from a variety of aspects in different domains throughout the literature. The aim of this review is to identify the aspects which play significant roles in building this concept in an ecological approach.Methods We searched seven online database s, JSTOR, Pub-Med, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, EBSCO, and Scopus, from 2002 to 2018 (from introducing this concept by WHO) for both qualitative and quantitative articles in only English language. Two reviewers independently found the related articles using the search terms "active ageing" and "built environment" and included both "ageing" and "aging".Results Of 1337 records which passed the screening, 86 were eligible for the inclusion for the review purpose. A total of 15 themes were derived: Personal characteristic, Behavioral attitude, Land- use, Access, Physical form, Cityscape/City Image, Public open spaces, Housing, Social Environment, Cultural Environment, Economic Environment, Good Governance, Physical Health, Mental Health, and Social Health. Ecological themes of active ageing can be defined as the 5P model: Person, Processes, Place and Policy- Making based on the Prime aspect of health.Conclusions This study sheds light on the aspects of "Active Ageing" through ecological model while offering the significance of the multidimensional nature of active ageing micro (person), meso-(process) and macro-system (place and policy-making) based on health (prime) environments according to the relationships between person and environment at the individual, interpersonal and environmental levels for the future research and population ageing policies.


The collection chamber is limited by a displaceable base, to which a transporter (9) can be connected. In the connected state, the products can be transported out of the collection chamber through the combined movement of the base and the transporter. A prescribed path (6) is provided for the collection vehicle, across which the transporter is positioned. The figure displays a plan view of the harvesting system.


It one of the chipset break wear sensor as compare to others where its only based on resistance changes in wearing material as wearing material is carbon brush where its easily available in market and this changing resistance can be calculated with the help of microcontroller and when the carbon brush wear with break pad its indicate the resistance and this generated resistance can be used as an feedback to microcontroller and the microcontroller give visible indication to driver to indicate its condition to replace break pad as the study in Indian vehicle not used wear sensor where break pad is most safety issues and other hand metal sheet mounted on break pad its make squealing noise most of the time this noise cannot reaches to the driver ear when wear indication shown dash-board .


Process optimization plays an important role in design,operation,control and computer(integrated) control of process industries.This paper presents the description of steady-state optimization,(dynamic) optimization,and the optimization of process structures based on changing market conditions in(process) industries.Characteristics of these optimization problems are addressed and state of the art solution approaches are proposed.Sequential quadratic programming and orthogonal collocation is used to solve the dynamic optimization problem.Finally,the dynamic optimization to minimize the energy cost of a heatintegrated distillation column system is illustrated as an example.


© 2006 The Authors 699 JEADV 2007, 21, 681–721 Journal compilation © 2006 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology level was 170 and anti-Dsg3 level was 91. Combined therapy of 60 mg prednisone and 100 mg dapsone daily resulted in complete remission within 3 weeks. The mechanism leading to transition of mucosal and mucocutaneous pemphigus to cutaneous pemphigus is not fully understood. It has been suggested that intraand intermolecular epitope spreading might be an important factor contributing to such transitions. In a recent study Salato et al. suggested that intramolecular epitope spreading within Dsg-3 ectodomain and intermolecular epitope spreading may resulting in production of anti-Dsg-1 in patients previously producing anti-Dsg-3 only. However, the issue of a treatment scheme in cutaneous pemphigus vulgaris has not been addressed in previous publications. In our patient, who required heavy immunosuppression at the mucocutaneous phase of disease, all 'cutaneous pemhigus vulgaris' lesions resolved rapidly after treatment with 60 mg prednisone and 100 mg dapsone daily. It may be hypothesized that patients with cutaneous pemphigus vulgaris might not need such severe immunosuppression, as in other types of pemphigus vulgaris, but may respond to only relatively mild treatment, applied usually in patients with pemphigus foliaceus, and only in selected cases of pemphigus vulgaris.


Objectives To ascertain the relative importance ascribed by general practitioners and hospital paediatricians to items of information given in paediatric final discharge letters, and determine general practitioner preference for the format of such letters.

Design A questionnaire was sent to 158 local general practitioners and 24 hospital-based paediatricians.

Setting A district general hospital serving both a large industrialized urban area and a rural catchment area in Northern England.

Results One hundred and twenty-eight (81.0%) general practitioners and 23 (95.8%) hospital paediatricians responded. There was consensus on which items of information were essential. These included correct diagnosis; correct drug dosage, frequency and duration; dates of admission; investigations performed; admission ward; case history, and admitting/responsible consultant. There were differences as to the essential nature of which doctor wrote the letter; why the child was admitted; parental information given.

Conclusions Many features of paediatric inpatient discharge letters are regarded with the same priority by general practitioners and hospital paediatricians. However, there are some important differences in preferences between these groups of doctors.


textabstractThis thesis illustrates intrinsic properties and sex or stress steroid-induced alterations of adipose tissue function. In addition, this thesis reveals sex differences in thermal perception, a contributing factor for the control of brown adipose tissue activity.


In an automatic testing system constructed of VXI modules and GPIB instruments, dynamic assignments and pre-processes of the tested signals are implemented by using ispLSI1032. The problem on adapting to various units under test(UUT) is solved effectively on the testing platform.


The College's national defense education is to infuse national defense knowledge into students for the interests of our state and people.What is the present situation of our national defense education in college? This passage will analyze several aspects,such as relevant laws and regulations,documents,the cost of national defense education,the teaching and research of national defense education.The paper summarizes what we have done in the past,finding some problems and then offers some suggestions in order to elicit more ideas.


Implementation of wireless technology for vehicle parking system" it provides a way of booking the parking slots through mobile phones to avoid traffic congestion in commercial areas that consumes much time. In this project the user can view various parking slots and check for their availability using the gps technology. This project aims at booking and canceling the slots with 20mims of the payment.the payment is made through online gateway modes. Hence this reduces the users effort and time of searching the parking slot and thus avoids traffic congestion. IndexTerms – Mobile phone, Car parking, Sensors.


The Big Data community has started noticing that there is the need to complete Big Data platforms with assurance techniques proving the correct behavior of Big Data analytics and management. In this paper, we propose a Big Data assurance solution based on Service-Level Agreements (SLAs), focusing on a platform providing Model-based Big Data Analytics-as-a-Service (MBDAaaS).


Abstract A lens of Mediterranean water (Meddy) was tracked in the eastern North Atlantic for two years with SOFAR floats. The Meddy was first found between the Canary Islands and the Azores in October 1984. It center moved in an irregular pattern, at speeds of a few cm s−1, and translated 1100 km to the south in two years. This Meddy was surveyed four times by CTD and velocity profilers, and once with the microstructure profiler EPSONDE. When observed during the first two surveys the Meddy had a core that was stably and smoothly stratified in both salinity and temperature, nearly uniform in the horizontal, and was saltier than the surrounding ocean by 0.65 psu. The Meddy was eroded from its edges, top and bottom, and lost salt and hat with an e-folding time of about one year. The salinity at the center remained at its original value during the first year and decreased during the second year. Evidence was seen for mixing by lateral intrusions, double diffusion, and turbulence; the intrusions are thought to...


The need to describe and compare the prosodic features of Romance language varieties has given rise to the international project AMPER (Atlas Multimedia Prosodico do Espaco Românico, cf. Moutinho & Coimbra, 2000, Romano, 2001) in which teams from various phonetic laboratories in Europe and Latin-America have adopted common strategies for corpus formation, collection and analysis. In fact, intonation in Romance languages presents different schemes, diatopically marked, which can be converging or diverging within the same linguistic domain (Contini, 1992; Romano, 2001; Contini , 2008; Contini et al, 2008; Turculeţ, ed., 2008). In this article, we will present the results of analysis concerning similarities and differences between prosodic patterns for several sentence structures in different varieties of Continental European Portuguese (http://pfonetica.web.ua.pt/ AMPER-POR.htm), as well a new experimental procedure allowing to assess prosodic similarities and differences in comparable speech corpus.


Our text does not intend to develop a history of French banks' Europeanisation, but instead to scrutinise the mentalities of French bankers, in order to determine whether they were confined to relationships with French business or embedded within networks of personal relations with their European colleagues. Did some French bankers follow a career more oriented\ towards international activities and were they involved in international travels? Were some bankers committed to designing European strategies and thereafter to implement them through a direct presence in those foreign countries? Did some bankers emerge as key managers of Europeanised strategies and what was their influence within their banking firms? Of course, answers will be relevant to the chronological stages, to assess, for example, whether the decline of the Haute Banque houses was unfavourable to Europeanisation, to analyse how the new joint stock banks adopted a Europeanised business model, and whether deposits banks and investment banks (banques d'affaires) reacted differently in response to Europeanised strategies and a new way of life.


Purpose:  To investigate the efficacy and safety of initial photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a ranibizumab loading dose of three monthly intravitreal injections and a subsequent PRN ranibizumab regimen in the treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP).


AbstractThis report summarizes fieldwork at the Hermosa tipi ring site (39PN375) from 14 April to 6 May 1980. Testing was undertaken by contract with the South Dakota Department of Transportation p...


The European Union (EU) is a modern political phenomenon that has risen out of the social, historical and economic context of the 20 century. Furthermore, this context has created a political system which is unique in comparison to all others. Although it has traits that bear resemblance to the political systems of federal states as well as intergovernmental organisations (IGOs), it remains one of a kind, sui generis, as a political system. (McKay 2005). This essay will contend that this is the case by assessing the main characteristics and functionalities of the European Union, and thereby demonstrating that it shares characteristics with both federal governments and intergovernmental organisations and, hence, that it is a unique political system. Thus, this essay will focus on the EU's executive function, political inputs, democratic tradition and practices, judicial system, economics, foreign and security policy, and its cultural facets.


This paper seeks to estimate the impact of sector specific international price shocks on informal employment demand. Such impact is specified by a theoretical model where law enforcement (regulation) is an important determinant of the formal-informal employment demand allocation decision. It is shown that trade-openness effects on informality are channeled through prices, thus the proposed price-informality multiplier is interpreted as a formal labour vulnerability to trade openness proxy indicator. By combining national accounts and labour force survey data the multiplier is estimated for a set of tradable sectors of the Peruvian economy for 2004-2013. The theoretical and empirical evidence suggests the presence of structural sector specific 'informality traps'. It also raises awareness regarding the need of sector specific regulatory frameworks that could ease the regulatory burden at firms exhibiting structural proneness to formality.


Counseling services are a process of assistance in order to assist individuals to find their way to goodness. The counselor as the organizer (subject) who provides assistance to the counselee in the form of counseling services, the gift is able to first bring himself first to goodness. The goodness is in relation to the people around, and their relationship with Allah SWT. To accompany counselees towards goodness, counselors need to have good expectancy, so that they can bring counselee thinking toward goodness. Good thinking skills, based on a good heart condition. Heart as the center of all elements of human beings. The heart must be maintained by various tips such as those delivered by Sunan Bonang (Islamic Ulama), namely; 1) reading the Qur'an and its meanings, 2) establishing night prayers (tahajjud) 3) gathering with pious people, 4) multiplying fasting 5) remembrance night.


Abstract The Chinese firefighting system has been transferred from military soldiers to professional civil servants since the 2018 institutional reform, and they have become a critical component of the newly established Department of Emergency Management. Studies on firefighters in China are limited, and this study can contribute to our understanding of the mental health and influencing mechanisms of emergency management workforces like firefighters, particularly in the context of institutional reform and a shortage of disaster workforce worldwide. This study investigates the associations between public service motivation (PSM), employee resilience, job satisfaction, depression and anxiety (DA) in firefighters. A questionnaire survey of 776 firefighters from two provinces, one from the north and the other from the south, was conducted. Chain-mediated regression models were used to analyze the associations. The results demonstrate that firefighters with more PSM have significantly lower depression and anxiety (beta = −0.215, p < 0.001), higher degrees of employee resilience (beta = 0.946), and job satisfaction (beta = 0.633). Employee resilience and job satisfaction mediated the relationship between PSM and DA. Three indirect pathways were detected. First, a higher PSM is associated with higher employee resilience and lower DA. Second, a higher PSM is correlated with higher job satisfaction and lower DA. Third, the coefficients between PSM, employee resilience, job satisfaction, depression and anxiety are statistically significant. This paper provides a valuable contribution to the knowledge of human resource management and the well-being of the emergency management workforce.


For investigating the influence of drought stress on the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics of transplanted seedlings cultured in different seedbed systems,the pot trials with controlled soil moisture content were conducted to study the seedbed systems for flue-cured tobacco seedlings adaptable to drought conditions.The results showed that the proline content and POD activity in tobacco plants presented a rising trend under drought stress.With the increase of duration and degree of drought,the activity of NR in tobacco plants decreased.Under the condition of moderate drought,the growth status of transplanted tobacco seedlings from float-moist seedbed was better than that from floating system;while under extremely drought condition,the growth of tobacco plants from both two seedbed systems stagnated,yellowing and wilting leaves emerged 14 days after transplanting.


been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1002/adpr.202100056. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Tin-based Chiral Perovskites with Second-order Nonlinear Optical Properties Liangliang Zhao, Xiao Han, Yongshen Zheng, Mei-Hui Yu*, Jialiang Xu* L. Zhao, Dr. X. Han, Dr. Y. Zheng, Dr. M.-H. Yu, Prof. J. Xu School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com


Windows energy saving design of residential buildings has increasingly got the attention of people. Through a large number of surveys and analysis of residential buildings in Chongqing and consumers personal experience, the author finds problems and deficiency, and then proposes principles of residential buildings sun shading reconstruction in Chongqing city. Taking the high-rise residential building of one university in Chongqing as reconstruction sample, selecting a specific time period, the author recalculates sun shading coefficient with and without sun shading by using Ecotect software to do simulation analysis. Finally, the reasonable reconstruction design pattern is put forward through cases. Keywords: Buildings Sun Shading, Sun Shading Reconstruction, Energy Saving


The Geostationary Microwave Precipitation Radiometer is a passive microwave radiometer system to be flown on the NASA Geostationary Earth Observatory. This instrument will provide microwave images for meteorology. It will measure radiation from the Earth and its atmosphere in seven frequency bands from 37 to 220 GHz. The instrument will have a 4.4*4.0 m offset parabolic antenna which will be mechanically scanned to provide images of the Earth in about two hours. The radiometer system uses a low-loss quasi-optical frequency multiplexer. This multiplexer divides the input signal into four separate focal planes for the different radiometers. Conventional low-noise heterodyne mixer systems were used for most of the radiometers. However, because of the narrow bandwidths required in the 54 and 118 GHz radiometers, low-noise millimeter-wave amplifiers were used in the first stage.<<ETX>>


The paper presents a mechanical model for desc ribing the buckling-driven mixed-mode delamination growth in composite laminates subjected to cyclic com pressive loads. The laminate is modeled as the union of two sublaminates, partly bonded together by an elastic i nterface, i.e. by a continuous distribution of normal and tangential linear elastic springs. The model, alre ady introduced in previous papers by the authors, allows for the determination of the explicit expressions of the normal and tangential interlaminar stresses, exerted between the sublaminates at the delamination front . Hence, the mode I and II contributions to the energy release rate and the mode-mixity angle can be deduc e . Based on the above results, a modedependent fatigue growth law is applied. Thus, for any load level, predic tions can be made on the number of cycles needed to grow a delamination to a given length. Results help t o shed light on some experimentally observed phenomena of delamination growth and highlight the possibility of some ver y insidious failure modes. Composites in Construction, Bruno et al (eds), ©2003, Editoriale Bios


Nodes that have greater influence in complex networks play an important role in controlling rumors propagation, optimizing resource allocation, spreading information efficiently, and advertising accurately. In view of the current many methods in identifying the node's influence had certain limitation, this paper based on the k-shell algorithm defined the concept of weighted degree, and putted forward the Modified K-shell Algorithm, shorted for MKS algorithm by measuring the potential importance of edges and considering the different contributions of neighbors. This algorithm considers the nodes' own features, location features and local features. Through implementing this algorithm on the representative Zachary karate club network and comparing with other typical methods, it is found that this algorithm improves the coarse division of k-shell algorithm, and its result is more reasonable.


Spheroidal graphite (SG) cast iron is a typical porous material which contains numerous small defects (graphites) in the matrix.In order to clarify the geometrical parameter for the quantitative evaluation of the effect of surface graphite on the fatigue strength of SG cast iron, rotating bending fatigue tests were carried out on the plain- and notched-specimens of as-cast FCD60 and FCD70.It is concluded from the microscopic observation that the fatigue limit is controlled by the maximum size of surface graphite defined by the square root of the projected area of graphite (√area*max). The value of √area*max in a definite surface area of the specimen can be predicted by the statistics of extreme values. The predicted values of √area*max approximately agree with the critical size of artificial notch which does not act to reduce the fatigue strength. The value √area*max is in general considered to be the controlling geometrical parameter for the prediction of fatigue strength of porous materials.


Details of the total synthesis of rapamycin (1) are reported. The synthesis required the preparation of intermediates 4 - 9 in nonracemic form; key coupling reactions included a chromium-mediated addition of vinyl iodide 8 to aldehyde 7 and an Evans aldol reaction to couple fragments 62 and 9. Intermediates 4 and 6 were joined through an amide bond formation to afford advanced intermediate 71. Swern oxidation of the diol in 71 was followed by a selective removal of the TES groups and a second Swern oxidation. Finally, removal of the remaining silyl protecting groups provided fully deprotected, penultimate intermediate 2 in which all carbons were in their proper oxidation state. Macrocyclization was achieved through a tandem inter/intramolecular palladium-mediated Stille coupling reaction between distannylethene 3 and bis(vinyl iodide) 2. This latter process accomplished in one step the installation of the remaining two carbons of the natural product and the completion of its total synthesis.


From 1948 through 1956, between 25 million and 35 million pounds of natural uranium (U) metal were processed at the former Guterl Specialty Steel Corporation site in Lockport, NY. Resulting dust and land disposal contaminated the soil and shallow groundwater. Seasonal groundwater level fluctuations appear to result in contact of the groundwater with soil contaminated with uranium. Water level fluctuations can induce changes in redox conditions which may oxidize uranium, thereby increasing its mobility. Leaching through the vadose zone was modeled using SESOIL/AT123D to determine the soil concentrations of uranium that could cause groundwater exceedances of the 30 micrograms per liter (μg/L) screening level. MINEQL+ was used to derive the solubility of uranium used as input into SESOIL and the HELP and RESRAD models were used to develop infiltration estimates, which were then used for calibrating the SESOIL model. The modeling assumed conservatively that the uranium source was fully oxidized. SESOIL/AT123D modeling of general site conditions indicated that uranium238 activities less than 1 pCi/g uranium in soil would result in exceedances of the screening level. Since this is unlikely to occur, the input assumptions were either overly conservative or the main mechanism for uranium transport to groundwater is direct contact between groundwater and contaminated soil. INTRODUCTION From 1948 through 1956, between 25 million and 35 million pounds of natural uranium (U) metal were processed at the former Guterl Specialty Steel Corporation Site in Lockport, NY, located approximately 25 miles northeast of Buffalo, NY. Resulting dust and land disposal and disturbance contaminated the soil. Occurrence of uranium at elevated concentrations in groundwater indicates that uranium migration from soil has occurred. This evaluation was performed to identify the mechanisms and pathways of uranium transport and predict future concentrations in groundwater. Based on the history of the Guterl Site, uranium was originally brought to the plant for processing as uranium metal ingots. A coating of uranium oxide forms readily on uranium metal and oxidation increases during heating as temperature is increased. Heating of ingots during processing resulted in a reported 0.5 percent of the uranium being converted to an oxide. The site is underlain by man-made fill and re-worked, glacially-derived native soil. Underlying the fill and soil is fractured dolostone bedrock. Where present, the fill material ranges from 0.2 to 9.25 ft in thickness; where the native soil was thin or nonexistent, the bedrock surface and bedrock groundwater may have been exposed to uraniumcontaminated materials. Groundwater levels in the bedrock are shallow at the site and fluctuate seasonally; overburden wells were dry during the summer and fall months of 2007 when data were collected. These fluctuations appear to result in contact of upper bedrock groundwater with overburden soil contaminated with uranium, as illustrated in Figure 1. The figure indicates uranium concentrations in soil below the groundwater surface. Increases in specific conductivity when groundwater levels increase also indicate that this type of contact is occurring and causing soluble constituents to be flushed into groundwater. Water level fluctuations can induce changes in redox conditions. Soil and contaminants subject to wetting and drying cycles are more likely to oxidize than if redox conditions are stable. Under these conditions, uranium mobility can increase. Uranium observed in groundwater may also result from leaching of oxidized uranium through the vadose zone. Uranium Mobility. Uranium oxide is typically present as UO2 or U3O8; UO2 slowly converts to U3O8 at ambient air temperatures (Argonne National Laboratory [ANL], undated). Uranium in UO2 is present in the reduced, tetravalent (U) form. UO2 has exceedingly low solubility (approximately 1 × 10 μg/L at pH 7 [Mullen, 2007]) and therefore, low mobility in water. In U3O8, uranium is present as U and the more oxidized species hexavalent uranium (U). U3O8 also has low solubility in water; however, the solubilities of U3O8 and UO2 vary depending on geochemical conditions (redox conditions, pH) and the presence of other constituents, such as calcium, carbonate, humic substances, and other redox-sensitive species (for example, iron and manganese). U dissolves more readily than U and is capable of reaching concentrations that exceed the groundwater screening level of 30 μg/L. Carbonate ions, in particular, form complexes with uranium and increase its solubility and mobility (Zachara and others, 2007). In water, uranium is present mainly as U or U. Uranium mobility is limited under reducing conditions because U tends to precipitate. Under oxidizing conditions, U mobility depends on the pH and other constituents present in groundwater. Table 1 provides selected parameter concentrations measured in Guterl Site groundwater samples. For wells in the upper part of the table, substantial differences between total and dissolved iron concentrations and detected nitrate indicate conditions are oxidizing. These conditions, along with the presence of bicarbonate alkalinity, are favorable for uranium to be dissolved in groundwater. Where nitrate exceeds 0.5 mg/L, uranium exceeds the groundwater screening level. Where nitrate reducing conditions exist (nitrate not detected), uranium concentrations are below the screening level. Uranium reduction from U to U occurs after nitrate reduction; uranium as U would be expected in wells with detected nitrate. In Guterl Site groundwater, there is a strong correlation between nitrate and uranium, indicating that uranium is mobile where oxidizing conditions occur. Since Guterl Site groundwater occurs in dolostone, carbonate is available to form uranium complexes that increase the presence of dissolved uranium and migrate readily in groundwater. METHODS Leaching of uranium through the vadose zone was evaluated using a group of models, listed in Table 2, to determine the soil concentrations of uranium that could cause groundwater exceedances of the screening level of 30 μg/L.


In the wake of the Supreme Court's holding in Massachusetts v. E.P.A., it has become increasingly clear that US federal courts may soon experience a significant increase in litigation over global warming. For oil companies, utilities, and automakers - the most likely targets of such suits - one of the most vital legal questions left unaddressed is whether their insurance will cover resulting damages. The stakes are very high, not only in light of the potential for enormous corporate liability, but because of the central role these industries play in the national and global economy. This article, therefore, aims to provide a fuller understanding of the issues related to insurance coverage for liabilities resulting from global warming. The article canvases the state and federal court cases related to global warming litigation and discusses the theories of liability asserted by plaintiffs. It discusses historical efforts by insurance companies to exclude coverage for environmental pollution, and analyzes whether these exclusions will block coverage for companies found liable for global warming. Overall, this article concludes that most companies' Commercial General Liability policies will provide coverage for liabilities resulting from contributions to global warming, and that coverage for these liabilities will ultimately benefit consumers.


Speeding in residential areas is a rampant high-risk driving behavior that occurs worldwide. This study investigated the intention and behavior of speeding in residential streets (with a speed limit of 30 km/h) in Iran based on the Theory of extended Planned Behavior (TPB). A total of 480 participants filled out the TPB-based questionnaire online. Nine different factors were identified by exploratory factor analysis. The interrelationship of these factors, as well as their connection with speeding intention and behavior, was analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The results suggested that the adoption of the extended TPB framework to identify factors related to speeding in residential areas was effective in predicting speeding intention and behavior. Affective attitude, descriptive and personal norms, perceived behavioral control, habits, and specification of residential streets were direct predictors of speeding intention. The intention was also strongly associated with speeding behavior in residential areas, serving as the only factor that directly predicts speeding behavior. The two factors of specification and facilities were also significantly related to speeding behavior on residential streets. The results of this study can have positive implications for preventing and reducing crashes on residential streets.


Electric field driven instabilities of liquid crystals, such as electro-convections, spatiotemporal chaos, backflows, and solitons are of great importance for both fundamental science and practical applications. Here we demonstrate that...


After entering the WTO,China is to get integrated into the world economy,but there is a large gap in law,that is there is no all round effective protection on the mechanism of competition.No matter from the angle of existence or development,it is urgent for China to make a competition law.Although the competition law of EU originated from the idea of American Anti monopoly Law,it absorbed the reasonable core of the domestic laws of its member countries,gave consideration to the coordinating the two legal systems,and followed the latest development of the competition law.Doubtlessly,the competition law of EU possesses a massage and referential significance to the legislation of the anti monopoly law of China.


DEPARTMENT OF AFRO-AMERICAN STUDIES MAXINE J. CORNISH SAMPLE B.A., English 1972 Trenton State College THE PORTRAYAL OF THE BLACK WOMAN IN THE WORKS OF PAULE MARSHALL Advisori Dr. Richard A. Long Thesis dated August 1977 Paule Marshall has charged that the portrayal of the black woman in literature has been limited to stereotypes and fantasy figures, and that the writers of fiction have not presented the black woman as a complex and credible character. In her challenge to black writers to create such complex characters, Paule Marshall cites her own works as exemplary models of how the black woman should be portrayed. A careful examination of the black woman as a character in Paule Marshall's Brown Girl, Brownstones, Soul Clap Hands and Sing and The Chosen Place, The Timeless People demonstrates that Paule Marshall provides in her fiction realistic representations of the black woman. In these works the black woman appears in a variety of plots, settings and conflicts which depicts the many dimensions of black womanhood. Paule Marshall captures the strengths and weaknesses of women struggling for survival, surmounting obstacles to realize goals, and searching for identity. Through a combination of diversified characteriza tions, Paule Marshall projects positive images of the black


In "The Policy of Darius and Xerxes towards Thrace and Macedonia" Miroslav Vasilev analyses in detail the policy of the Persian kings towards their European possessions in the years 514 465 BC."


Over the past few decades, various DNA modification detection methods have been developed; many of the high‐resolution methods are based on bisulfite treatment, which leads to DNA degradation, to a degree. Thus, novel bisulfite‐free approaches have been developed in recent years and shown to be useful for epigenome analysis in otherwise difficult‐to‐handle, but important, DNA samples, such as hmC‐seal and hmC‐CATCH. Herein, an overview of advances in the development of epigenome sequencing methods for these important DNA modifications is provided.


are not used as a source of minerals to sustain the mammary supply during lactation. In other words, an osteoporotic skeleton is not an obligatory consequence of lactation in this species at least. Considerable difficulties exist in the determination of these requirements by the metabolic balance technique, since this method does not indicate when mobilization of minerals from the spongiosa is accompanied by mobilization from the shaft. Further, the balance over a whole lactation is often small in relation to the total quantities of materials analyzed and may be close to the analytical errors of the methods when the diet given is rich in minerals. The present observations may find some application in the determination of certain mineral requirements of lactation. Because the losses of Ca and P are unavoidable, involving the gradual liberation of reserves laid down at an earlier peripd, it has been difficult to estimate the requirements for lactation on the bafsis ofthe negative values obtained by the balance technique. Since the present study shows that, in the rat, it is possible to restrict the withdrawal of bone salt to the spongiosa, leaving the shaft unaffected, it seems reasonable to suggest that lactation requirements could be defined as those intakes which, for a given output of minerals in milk, will restrict the withdrawals to the spongiosa. Thus, using a similar technique, the problem ofthe mineral requirements for lactation in domestic aniimals might become more amenable to experimental attack. This preservation of the diaphyses may be an unattainable ideal in the high-producing dairy cow, but in sheep and swine it may be possible as in the rat. Also since Theiler (1934) pointed out that, in cattle, P deficiency had a more marked effect on-the skeleton than Ca deficiency, the method migit be more suitable for the determination-of P than Ca requirement in the cow. While no evidence has yet been produced to show that a mild degree of osteoporosis is seriously detrimental to the individual, its avoidance would preserve the value of the skeleton from a struictural standpoint.


We evaluated whether high‐fat diet (HFD), in the absence of increased calorie intake, increases colon cancer growth and metastasis. Four‐week‐old male BALB/c mice were fed on an HFD (60 kcal% fat) or control diet (10 kcal% fat) for 16 wk, after which CT26 colon cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank. Solid tumor growth and the number and volume of tumor nodules in the lung were increased markedly in the HFD group with only a slight increase in body weight (5.9%). HFD feeding increased tumor tissue levels of Ki67, cyclin A, cyclin D1, CDK2, Bcl‐xL, and Bcl‐2; reduced p53 levels and TUNEL‐positive apoptotic cells; increased the levels of CD45, CD68, CD31, VEGF, P‐VEGF receptor‐2, iNOS, and COX‐2 as well as hemoglobin content; and increased the levels of HIF‐1α, P‐STAT3‐Y705, P‐STAT3‐S727, P‐IκB‐α, P‐p65, p65, P‐c‐Jun, P‐Akt, P‐ERK1/2, P‐p38, and P‐SAPK/JNK. HFD feeding increased the serum levels of EGF, insulin, IGF‐I, IFN‐γ, leptin, RANTES, MCP‐1, IL‐1ra, and SDF‐1α and media conditioned by epididymal fat tissue explants from HFD‐fed mice caused an increase in microvessel outgrowth from the mouse aorta and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results indicate that the chronic consumption of an HFD increases colon cancer cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and lung metastasis in mice in the absence of discernible weight gain. HFD feeding increases the levels of growth factors which activate transcription factors, thereby inducing the expression of many genes involved in the stimulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, and cellular proliferation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The paper describes work in progress into the probabilistic assessment of vessel safety against capsize in a representative range of environmental and operating conditions. The concept of a test-track is introduced as a means of standardising, particularly for regulatory purposes, the operating scenarios which should be included in any analysis which seeks to predict, in a realistic manner, vessel capsize safety. The preliminary analysis described utilises a linear superposition technique to predict vessel response and the concept of a "potentially dangerous" roll motion is introduced to avoid the necessity to predict nonlinear capsize roll angles. This work is affiliated to the U.K. Safeship project.


The close correlation of leukemogenesis and leukemia development with endogenous negative regulators of ERK signal pathway is frequently reported.Down-regulation and loss of function of the regulators are established as key factors of leukemogenesis.Clarification of the function of endogenous negative regulators may impel the discovery of new targets of therapy for malignant tumors include leukemia.Five classes of ERK signal pathway negative regulators closely related with the initiation and development of leukemia are concisely introduced in this review.The mechanism of ERK pathway regulation of the molecules and their correlation with leukemia are discussed with emphasis.


According to the most recent statistics, one out of every nine households in the United States does not deposit money into a traditional bank account. While a majority of these individuals who choose not to bank with an institution are in the minority, th


According to the data of heavy metals(Hg,Cd,Pb,As and Cu) in the surface sediments and Mytilus edulis in Aug.from 2007~2009 and 2007~2008 in red tide monitoring area of Shengsi,the quality of surface sediment and Mytilus edulis were studied.The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in surface sediment accorded with the first class of the sediments of National Standards,but the contents of Cu and Pb were obviously higher than the others.The order of heavy metals pollution index in surface sediment was CuAs,PbCdHg.The surface sediment would be probably polluted by Cu.The contents order of heavy metals in Mytilus edulis was CuCdAsPbHg,the pollution index of Pb and Cd were higher,the Mytilus edulis had been polluted by Pb and Cd.


The government is planning its third attempt to change mental health law in England and Wales, but the concerns of professional and legal groups about civil liberties and the rights of mentally ill people remain


The paper analyzes the data obtained in the subnanosecond time range on the times (t br) and speeds (V br) of switching of hydrogen diode dischargers. These data were obtained in a wide range of hydrogen pressures (p) and the degree of the discharge gap overvoltage (the length of the cathode–anode gap d) in a uniform electric field. It is shown that the reduced strength of the average electric field E br/p in the discharge gap at the moment of the beginning of the breakdown significantly decreases when the gas pressure increases from 5 atm to 50 atm. An increase in pressure from 50 atm to 60 atm leads to a sharp (by 40% ÷ 135%, depending on the d) increase in the pulse breakdown voltage (U br) and an increase in E br/p. In proportion to the growth of E br/p the switching speed V br of the discharge gas gap increases. The observed effect is explained by the change in the discharge initiation mechanisms. The limitation of U br and V br in the hydrogen pressure range from 5 atm to 50 atm occurs as a result of gas ionization by runaway electrons and the subsequent development of a multi-avalanche discharge in the volume of the discharge gap. With a further increase in pressure, the discharge develops according to the streamer type. To design ultrafast gas dischargers of the subnanosecond range intended for switching high voltages, it is necessary to select an appropriate range of working gas pressures in order to ensure the development of a streamer-type discharge.


Today, growing concerns with climate change, energy scarcity, security, and economic collapse have turned the focus of urban planners, investors, and governments towards infrastructure as a site of value production and potential salvation from a world consistently defined by catastrophes and crisis. This paper will interrogate the different forms of futurity and life that are currently emerging from this complex contemporary relationship between technology and design by engaging with two contemporary case studies of greenfield: 'smart' and 'green' developments in South Korea and Masdar in Abu Dhabi. In doing so, the paper will ask how these contemporary practices in ubiquitous computing and green technology are shaping large scale infrastructures and our imaginaries of the future of urban life. doi:10.15307/fcj.29.215.2017 Computing is not about computers any more. It is about living. (Nicholas Negroponte, 1995: 6) Today, growing concerns with climate change, energy scarcity, security, and economic collapse have turned the focus of urban planners, investors, and governments towards infrastructure as a site of value production and potential salvation from a world consistently defined by catastrophes and crisis. From discussions about 'disaster capitalism' to the embrace of a world after humans, the idea that some environmental, economic, or security catastrophe has arrived, or will arrive, is almost unquestioned. In response, there has emerged a new paradigm of high technology infrastructure development obsessed with 'smart', 'ubiquitous', or 'resilient' infrastructures. Such smartness and resilience must be understood as quite specific as it directly refers to computationally and digitally-managed systems – from electrical grids to building management systems – that can learn, and in theory adapt, through analysing data about themselves. Whether threatened by terrorism, sub-prime mortgages, energy shortages, or hurricanes, the


The paper proposes a tree-structured speaker clustering algorithm and discusses its application to fast speaker adaptation. By tracing the clustering tree from top to bottom, adaptation is performed step-by-step from global to local individuality of speech. This adaptation method employs successive branch selection in the speaker clustering tree rather than parameter training and hence achieves fast adaptation using only a small amount of training data. This speaker adaptation method was applied to a hidden Markov network (HMnet) and evaluated in Japanese phoneme and phrase recognition experiments, in which it significantly outperformed speaker-independent recognition methods. In the phrase recognition experiments, the method reduced the error rate by 26.6% using three phrase utterances (approximately 2.7 seconds).<<ETX>>


Salinity is a major constraint on rice productivity worldwide. However, mechanisms of salt tolerance in wild rice relatives are unknown. Root microsomal proteins are extracted from two Oryza australiensis accessions contrasting in salt tolerance. Whole roots of 2‐week‐old seedlings are treated with 80 mM NaCl for 30 days to induce salt stress. Proteins are quantified by tandem mass tags (TMT) and triple‐stage Mass Spectrometry. More than 200 differentially expressed proteins between the salt‐treated and control samples in the two accessions (p‐value <0.05) are found. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis shows that proteins categorized as "metabolic process," "transport," and "transmembrane transporter" are highly responsive to salt treatment. In particular, mitochondrial ATPases and SNARE proteins are more abundant in roots of the salt‐tolerant accession and responded strongly when roots are exposed to salinity. mRNA quantification validated the elevated protein abundances of a monosaccharide transporter and an antiporter observed in the salt‐tolerant genotype. The importance of the upregulated monosaccharide transporter and a VAMP‐like protein by measuring salinity responses of two yeast knockout mutants for genes homologous to those encoding these proteins in rice are confirmed. Potential new mechanisms of salt tolerance in rice, with implications for breeding of elite cultivars are also discussed.


Abstract This article discusses El Paso–Ciudad Juárez residents' experiences of the 'Great Violence of 2008–2012' in the border region between the United States and Mexico. As a result of the Mexican government's 'war' on organised crime, launched by President Felipe Calderón in 2016, the region saw a wave of violence that created mayhem, thousands of deaths, and a vast sense of insecurity among the border community. The physical sites border residents had access to – or were denied entrance to – had a fundamental significance for their everyday existence. By the same token, the refusal to succumb to spatial restrictions, or claiming space for oneself despite ongoing atrocities, served as an empowering way to deal with the threat of violence. Drawing on 54 interviews and 22 written testimonies, the article claims that the intersection of spatiality and agency is central in conceptualising experiences of security/insecurity caused by the violence. It argues that spatial strategising provided tools with which the various parties involved exercised their agency in imposing, coping with and countering violence. The discussion concludes by problematising the intersecting issues of agency, involvement and complicity as broader ethical and epistemological questions invoked by the study of violence.


Composites of magnetoresistive La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO) with insulating Mn3O4 are useful as a model system because no foreign cation is introduced in the LCMO phase by interdiffusion during the heat treatment. Here we report the magnetotransport properties as a function of sintering temperature Tsinter for a fixed LCMO/Mn3O4 ratio. Decreasing Tsinter from 1250 °C to 800 °C causes an increase in low field magnetoresistance (LFMR) that correlates with the decrease in crystallite size (CS) of the LCMO phase. When plotting LFMR at (77 K, 0.5 T) versus 1/CS, we find that the data for the LCMO/Mn3O4 composites sintered between 800 °C and 1250 °C follow the same trend line as data from the literature for pure LCMO samples with crystallite size >∼25 nm. This differs from the LFMR enhancement observed by many authors in the "usual" manganite composites, i.e., composites where the insulating phase contains cations other than La, Ca or Mn. This difference suggests that diffusion of foreign cations into the grain bounda...


1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A. 2. Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 6634, Université de Rouen, Saint Etienne du Rouvray Cedex, France 4. NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia 3. Institute of Nuclear Safety System, Inc., Kyoto, Japan 5. Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Saclay, France 6. Department of Materials, University of Oxford, U.K. 7. Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai Japan 8. Materials Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Nagasaka, Japan 9. Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, U.S.A. 10. Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmers, Sweden 11. Departement Métallurgie, EDF, Moret sur Loing, France 12. Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A.


Objectives: To study the Prevalence of the Refractive Errors without Presbyopia among the patients attending O.P.D. (Out Patient Department) of the Assam Medical College& Hospital,Dibrugarh for the Ophthalmic problems.Materials & Methods :This is a prospective study conducted on 1,000 patients attending O.P.D. of the Department of Ophthalmology in the Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh; Assam. The study was done from April, 2017 to January,2018. The study was conducted based on the O.P.D. Procedures including Slit Lamp Examination, Ophthalmoscopicexamination,and Dark-Room Procedures including Retinoscopy, MacularFunction Test, Visual Acuity with Snellen's View Box &Snellen'sNear Vision Chart and Auto -Refraction etc. Schirmer'sI Test and Synaptophoreexamination(for angle of deviation) whenever needed. Results: A total number of 1,000 patients were enrolled in the study, out of which 195 (19.50%) were having myopia, 302 ( 30.20%) were having myopia with astigmatism, 46 (4.60%) were having hypermetropia, 58 (5.80%) were having combined hypermetropia with astigmatism and 185 (18.50%) were found to have astigmatism only i.e. Refractive Errors without Presbyopia. The incidence of Refractive Errorswas found to be high (41.07%) among 20 to 29 years of age group and in females (56.12%). Most common incidence increases with the increasing age group and mainly associated with the Eye Lid and Adnexal diseases and Squint and Dry Eye Diseases.Conclusion: The prevalence of the Refractive Errors without Presbyopia is more in females than in males and school, college and university going age groups, mainly teenagers, attending to the O.P.D. of the Ophthalmology Department of our Hospital based study.


The utility model provides a moving pulley of a side web plate of a full space support cast-in-place box beam, which comprises a base. A support platform is installed on the base, and a side web plate supporting frame is installed on the support platform. A plurality of wheels are installed on two sides of the bottom end of the base and matched with longitudinal section steel paved on a full space support jacking. A plurality of jacks are installed on two sides of the bottom end of the support platform. The front end of the support platform is connected with a winch through a rope. The side web plate is arranged on the side web plate supporting frame, the longitudinal section steel paved on the full space support jacking serves as tracks, the winch applies traction force, thereby enabling the moving pulley to move in a narrow space and an occupied space to be small in the whole transporting process. In the transporting process, no manual work is required to be matched, thereby achieving full mechanization of construction sites, reducing risk and eliminating potential safety hazards causing personal injury.


Abstract Background The German government undertakes efforts to implement DiGA into the statutory health insurance to improve its quality. DiGA are physician-prescribed applications for patients with certain diagnosed diseases, whose costs are covered by the statutory health insurers. DiGA have the potential to improve healthcare, but it is also possible, that the usage of these applications perpetuates existing health inequalities, summarized by the term Digital Divide; meaning that socially deprived populations are less able to benefit from digital technologies. The aim of this analysis is to determine whether differences exist in DiGA use by sociodemographic/socioeconomic characteristics. Methods The results based upon the analysis of an online survey involving 1,200 people (18-74 years) living in Germany between March 10 and March 18, 2022. The sample composition reflects the current distribution of age, gender, and place of residence in the federal states (uncrossed). The questionnaire focused, among other aspects, on the use of DiGA. A binary logistic regression was used for the analysis. Results Compared to the lowest subjective social status (SSS), probands with a medium (OR 2.865) or a high SSS (OR 4.085) are more likely to use DiGA. Compared to the reference group (60 years and older), the 18-29-year- (OR 2.044) and the 30-39-year-olds (OR 1.952) tend to have a higher likelihood of using DiGA. The likelihood of the use decreases among probands with medium (OR 0.632) and high educational degree (OR 0.580) compared to the reference group (low education). Conclusions In accordance with the results of existing studies, social differences could be identified regarding known determinants of health inequalities, like age and SSS. In this analysis, the highest degree of education does not appear as a predictor for an increased likelihood of use. Thus, further analyses are needed to address the influence of education, especially to develop a broader understanding of the DiGA use. Key messages • It appears that DiGA are not equally accessible or used across different population groups, and thus indicating an already existing or emerging Digital Divide regarding the use of DiGA. • Contrary to the broad assumption that higher expressions of health determinants are related to a higher likelihood of using DiGA, a higher degree of education decreases the likelihood of using DiGA.


The study of theoretical and practical issues in automatic parallelization across application and language boundaries is an appropriate and timely task. In this work, we discuss theory and techniques that we have determined useful in solving recurrences in computer programs. In chapter two we present a framework for understanding parallelism in computer applications based on an approach which models loop bodies as coalescing loop operators. In chapter three, we perform a case study of a modern C$\sp{++}$ semantic retrieval application drawn from the digital library field based on the model presented in chapter two. In the fourth chapter we present a summary of several techniques that we believe can be applied in the automatic recognition and solution of recurrences. The techniques have been developed through performing a manual analysis of applications from benchmark suites which include sparse, irregular, and regular Fortran codes. In chapter five we discuss the application of the techniques developed in chapter four on a suite of Fortran codes representative of sparse and irregular computations which we have developed as part of this work. In the sixth chapter, we consider the application of these same techniques focused on obtaining parallelism in outer time-stepping loops. In the final chapter, we draw this work to a conclusion and discuss future directions in parallelizing compiler technology.


The ground state of a system of N impenetrable hard core quantum particles in a 1-D box is analyzed by using a new scheme applied recently to study a similar system of two such particles [Centl. Eur. J. Phys., 2(4), 709 (2004)]. Accordingly, each particle of the system behaves like an independent entity represented by a macroorbital, -a kind of pair waveform identical to that of a pair of particles moving with (q, −q) momenta at their center of mass which may have any momentum K in the laboratory frame. It concludes: (i) = 0, (ii) ≥ �/2 and (iii) q ≥ qo(= �/d) (with d = L/N being the average nearest neighbor distance), etc. While all bosons in their ground state have q = qo and K = 0, fermions have q = qo with different K ranging between 0 and K = KF (the Fermi wave vector). Independent of their bosonic or fermionic nature, all particles in the ground state define a close packed arrangement of their equal size wave packets representing an ordered state in phase (�−)space with �� = 2n� (with n = 1,2,3, ...), = �/2 = d, and q = qo. As such our approach uses greatly simplified mathematical formulation and renders a visibly clear picture of the low energy states of the systems and its results supplement earlier studies in providing their complete understanding.


Drawing on post-structural and post-colonial conceptions of gender, this paper explores multiple student masculinities and femininities in the classrooms of four junior secondary schools in Botswana. These gendered identities, it is argued, are negotiated within broader institutional constraints that have been socio-historically produced. Such constraints include the colonial legacy of heavily authoritarian (and inherently gendered) teacher-student relations, which in turn are sustained (and resisted) through the practice of English as the medium of instruction, and a punitive disciplinary regime, which has corporal punishment at its core. Three similar gender performances are identified for both girls and boys: 'good classroom students', 'classroom rebels', and 'docile bodies', though these are discursively produced and interpreted differently, against the norms of masculinity and femininity, and within a pervasive and stereotypical binary gender ideology.


— In most places around the world, multiple types of property rights regimes govern water. This chapter outlines various types of property rights and explores institutional design problems concerning commitment, agency, and decisionmaking costs. The implications of these problems for institutional relationships between communities and higher-level government are contrasted for water quantity allocation and water quality regulation. Successful reform must center on getting the relationships right among the actors exercising property rights in relation to water systems.


This paper proposes a probabilistic framework for the sequential estimation of the likelihood of a driver or passenger(s) returning to the vehicle and time of arrival, from the available partial track of the user location. The latter can be provided by a smartphone navigational service and/or other dedicated (e.g. RF based) user-to-vehicle positioning solution. The introduced novel approach treats the tackled problem as an intent prediction task within a Bayesian formulation, leading to an efficient implementation of the inference routine with notably low training requirements. It effectively captures the long term dependencies in the trajectory followed by the driver/passenger to the vehicle, as dictated by intent, via a bridging distribution. Two examples are shown to demonstrate the efficacy of this flexible low-complexity technique.


This waterproof electronic device contains an electronic-component structure and a waterproof membrane that is formed on at least the entire surface of the electronic-component structure that is immersed in a refrigerant. The electronic-component structure comprises the following: an electronic component that contains a semiconductor element; a heat-dissipating member that is provided such that heat can be transferred thereto from the electronic component; and insulation that surrounds the electronic component so as to expose one surface of the heat-dissipating member.


The invention relates to the field of computer aided design, and discloses a method and a system for automatically making an engineering drawing. Information required by making the engineering drawing is acquired from a three-dimensional mode general assembly drawing; various sheets and graphs of the engineering drawing are automatically interpolated according to the acquired information and the national standard of the engineering drawing; therefore, the engineering drawing can be automatically made during engineering design; designed drawing information can be standardized; and the working efficiency of the engineering drawing of an enterprise is greatly improved.


Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much interest for decades due to their potential applications in high density data storage, spintronic devices and nanomedicine. In analogy to atoms, they can represent building blocks for NP superstructures. Below a critical size, NPs prefer to be in a magnetic single domain state. In this case, each NP can be considered as possessing one large magnetic moment called "superspin". The superspins in self-assembled NP superstructures interact with each other usually via dipolar interactions. With the interplay of individual and collective behaviour of the NPs, novel materials with appealing magnetic and electronic properties may be fabricated. In this thesis, the magnetic properties of two different transition metal oxide NP and bulk systems, manganese oxide and iron oxide, were studied. For manganese oxides, the spin structure inside the NPs is of interest. Zero field cooled (ZFC) magnetization curves of MnO NPs usually show a low temperature peak at ∼25 K. No feature indicating the antiferromagnetic (AF)-to-paramagnetic (PM) phase transition of MnO was found near its bulk Néel temperature at 118 K. However, polarized neutron scattering shows the expected vanishing of the AF order parameter of MnO near 118 K. This contradiction between magnetometry and neutron scattering results can be explained assuming an AF-superparamagnetic (SPM) core with a ferrimagnetic (FiM) Mn3O4 shell. In order to study the magnetization dynamics of the AF-SPM core, AC-susceptibility measurements were performed. A low temperature peak is observed similar to that found in the ZFC curves. This peak shows a weak frequency dependence, which is expected for an AF system. To further investigate the origin of the low temperature peak, bulk MnO was studied as a reference. Magnetometry and polarized neutron scattering experiments were performed on MnO powder and a single crystal to be compared with the results of NPs. The phase of manganese oxide was tuned by annealing the as-prepared samples in various environments. Their magnetic properties were compared to that of the as-prepared ones. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations were performed for MnO NPs and "bulk". In order to study the magnetic properties of self-organized NP superstructures, spherical iron oxide NPs were used. 2D ordered NP films were produced using various methods. The order of the NP superstructures was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS). A weak feature near the Verwey transition of magnetite is found in ZFC/FC magnetization curves of NPs with 15 and 20 nm diameters. Above TN of wüstite, the overall magnetic moment increases in the ZFC curves. This is due to the coupling between AF wüstite and FiM magnetite or maghemite. Moreover, a peak indicating the crossover between the blocked and the unblocked SPM or superspin glass (SSG) states of the NP superspins is observed in the ZFC curves. This peak temperature shows a strong field dependence as usually found for SPM and SSG systems. Moreover, the peak temperature shows a decrease as the NP size decreases due to the smaller energy barriers of smaller particles. In the hysteresis loops of 11 20 nm NPs, an Exchange Bias (EB) effect and a hardening effect are observed. The iron oxide phases of the NPs were also tuned using various annealing procedures. By annealing the particles in vacuum at 318C for several hours, the ratio of wüstite and magnetite is increased. After the particles were annealed in air, they tend to be fully oxidized to maghemite.


Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to opinions on the financial statements that collectively comprise the State of Texas's basic financial statements and on the State's compliance with requirements from Federal programs.


The theory of neutrosophic limits is the natural step before developing the theory of neutrosophic continuous functions and developing the theory of neutrosophic differentiation. The goal of this work is to construct a new definition of the neutrosophic limits for real sequences using the distance as a linear operator. Some new theorems are presented to cover the theoretical notions of this topic and an illustrative example is presented to help the reader understanding the notions of this article.


In this study, a pitch for melt-electrospinning was prepared from naphtha cracking bottom (NCB) oil by the modification with heat treatment. The softening point and property of the modified pitch was influenced by modification conditions such as nitrogen flow rate, heat treatment temperature, and reaction time. Among these, the heat treatment temperature had a very strong influence on the distribution of molecular weight and softening point of the pitch. The C/H mole ratio and average molecular weight increased with increasing the heat treatment temperature due the decomposition and cyclization reaction of surface-functional groups. In addition, the values of benzene insoluble and quinoline insoluble also tends to decrease, and the width of molecular weight distribution seems to get more narrow. The carbon fiber with a diameter of was prepared from a modified pitch at the softening point of by melt-electrospinning. It is believed that the melt-electro spinning method is much more convenient to get the thinner fiber than the conventional melt spinning method.


We describe systems of nonlinear wave equations of the form 2uj = Fj(u1,. .. , u4), j = 1,. .. , 4 invariant under the extended Poincaré group P (1, 3). As a result, we have obtained twenty inequivalent classes of nonlinear P (1, 3)-invariant systems of partial differential equations. It is well-known that the maximal symmetry group admitted by the nonlinear wave equation 2u ≡ u x0x0 − − 3 u = F (u) (1) with an arbitrary smooth function F (u) is the 10-parameter Poincaré group P (1, 3) having the following generators: P µ = ∂ µ , J µν = g µα x α ∂ ν − g να x α ∂ µ , (2)mation over the repeated indices from 0 to 3 is understood. As established in [1], equation (1) admits the wider symmetry group in two cases 1. F (u) = λu k , k = 1, (3) 2. F (u) = λe ku , k = 0, (4) where λ, k are arbitrary constants, only. Equations (1) with nonlinearities (3), (4) admit the one-parameter groups of scale transformations D(1) having the following generators: 1. D = x µ ∂ µ + 2 1 − k u∂ u , 2. D = x µ ∂ µ − 2 k ∂ u. The Lie transformation group generated by the operators (2), (5) is called the extended Poincaré group P (1, 3) [2]. Let us note that in [3] a partial symmetry classification of P (1, 3)-invariant partial differential equations (PDEs) of the form 2u = F (u, u *) (6) have been performed and two classes of P (1, 3)-invariant PDEs have been constructed. A complete solution of the problem of classifying two-component wave equations (6) admitting the extended Poincaré group has been obtained in [4].


This paper proposes a new control system for the large-scale modular multilevel converters (MMCs). The designed control system, characterized for modular design and excellent expansibility, is composed of one central control unit and several arm control units while each arm control unit can be divided into a few valve-group control units. As traditional voltage balancing method is incompetent for the proposed control system, a new voltage balancing method composed of internal voltage balance and external voltage balance is proposed. Finally, experiments on a three-phase MMC based inverter with 40 sub-modules per arm demonstrate that the proposed control system is feasible and the new voltage balancing method is valid.


Four hundred and eighty-six patients with myocardial infarction of both sexes comprising 213 Chinese, 53 Malays, 199 Indians, and 21 Europeans, resident in Singapore were investigated for differences in relative incidence, and for the ABO, Rh, Lea, and Xga blood groups, G6PD deficiency, and haemoglobin types. Relative incidence of myocardial infarction was appreciably higher among Indians than Chinese and Malays in all age groups, more so in younger people. There was no significant difference in the distribution of the genetic markers between patient and control series in either Chinese, Malays, or Indians.


The aim of this investigation is to analyze the phe nomenology of positive and negative (stepped-, dartand recoil) leaders observed in natural light ning from simultaneous high-speed video recordings and electric field measurements. For that intent we hav e used two different high-speed cameras (obtained b y two different cameras, Red Lake Motion Scope 8000S and Photron Fastcam 512 PCI, operating at frame rates ranging from 1000 or 8000 frames per second) and tw o different types of electric field sensors (slow a nd fast) in addition to data from a lightning locating system ( BrasilDat). All the instruments were GPS time synch ronized in order to avoid ambiguities in the analysis and allo w us to estimate the peak current of and the distan ce to each flash that was detected by BrasilDat. From these da ta it is possible to calculate the two-dimensional speed of each observed leader, allowing us to obtain its sta tistical distribution along with its correlation to ther characteristics of the associated flash, such as re turn stroke peak current, interstroke interval and presence and duration of continuing current after the return str oke initiated by the leader. Also, the availability of electric field data makes it possible to correlate it to the optic al characteristics of each leader type, providing u s new insights on the microphysics of these phenomena. In the anal yzed dataset, the speeds of positive leaders and ne gativ dart-leaders follow a lognormal distribution at the 0.05 level (according to the Shapiro-Wilk test), w hile the negative stepped-leaders have a similar distributio n even though according to a relatively weaker test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov). Unfortunately, due to the ran ge of frame rates reached by the used cameras, only the minimum propagation speeds could be estimated in th e recoil leaders that were observed.


The synchronization problem of a class of chaotic systems with unknown parameters is discussed in this paper.An adaptive observerbased scheme is constructed to realize asymptotical synchronization and estimate the unknown parameters.With this method,system can adjust itself to the variation of parameters via adaptive laws.It is simple,feasibily and robust.Theory analysis and the simulation results have verified the efficiency of the proposed scheme.


The often poor correlation between luminance and perceived brightness has been attributed to the facts that first, the CIE standard luminous efficiency function V(Λ) does not represent adequately heterochromatic brightness matching of monochromatic stimuli, and second, the additivity law does not always hold in heterochromatic brightness matching. By means of a variation of the traditional experimental procedures, Guth found that two types of additivity failure can occur: additivity failures of the enhancement type and of the cancellation type. It is shown here that the two types of additivity failure can also be deduced by calculation from brightness-matching data obtained by the traditional experimental procedure. However, the magnitude of the additivity failures and sometimes the type of failure seem to depend strongly upon the individual observers involved. New experimental data confirm Guth's results except in the middle region of the spectrum. Whereas Guth's observers find additivity failures of the cancellation type between 500 and 600 nm, the new data suggest that in that region additivity holds fairly well.


An exact solution is presented for the sound field between two infinite walls when the source is a piston in one of the walls. A method is also outlined for the case of a source having any amplitud...


SUMMARY

During 1973 the susceptibility to spraing of 12 commercial potato cultivars was tested on land in North. Worcestershire infested with viruliferous Trichadorus nematodes.

The wide-spectrum pesticide phorate reduced spraing in the harvested crop by over 60 per cent compared with untreated plots, bat the order of symptom expression was similar in both treated and untreated plots.


The upgrading of older steam turbine plant with modern technology has become an increasingly attractive way for utilities to increase efficiency and capacity. This paper describes one such upgrade, showing how advances in steam turbine technology have been successfully applied to both components and modules in a 660 MW steam turbine unit at Hunterston Power Station. The challenge of installing the modifications in a short outage time, and the solutions adopted to achieve it, are discussed.


............................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF SYMBOLS ................................................................................................................ xii CHAPTER


OBJECTIVE
To describe new applications for the dorsal nasal flap technique of facial reconstruction.

METHODS
Retrospective review of surgical records of patients in whom the dorsal nasal flap technique was used.

RESULTS
The dorsal nasal flap technique was used in 61 patients to repair defects ranging in size from 12 x 17 mm to 35 x 40 mm.

CONCLUSION
The dorsal nasal flap technique is more versatile than has been traditionally appreciated and can allow single-stage reconstruction of many sizes of defects affecting various areas of the nose.


We used a randomized field experiment to evaluate the impact of efforts at post-arrest case enhancement by a special repeat offender unit of the Phoenix Police Department. Analysis of case disposition patterns showed no significant increase in conviction rate for the experimental (ROP) cases but revealed significant increases in the likelihood of commitment to prison and in the length of term imposed. These increases appeared attributable to the ROP officers' success in developing additional charges against the defendants and documenting their prior records.


Purpose – Energy constraint is always a serious issue in wireless sensor networks, as the energy possessed by the sensors is limited and non‐renewable. Data aggregation at intermediate base stations increases the lifespan of the sensors, whereby the sensors' data are aggregated before being communicated to the central server. This paper proposes a query‐based aggregation within Monte Carlo simulator to explore the best and worst possible query orders to aggregate the sensors' data at the base stations. The proposed query‐based aggregation model can help the network administrator to envisage the best query orders in improving the performance of the base stations under uncertain query ordering. Furthermore, it aims to examine the feasibility of the proposed model to engage simultaneous transmissions at the base station and also to derive a best‐fit mathematical model to study the behavior of data aggregation with uncertain querying order.Design/methodology/approach – The paper considers small and medium‐siz...


Introduction Biofortified maize varieties could contribute to the fight against hunger and malnutrition of the increasing human population and help meet the high demand of maize for human consumption, industrial use and feed for animal and poultry. The understanding of the genetic mechanisms conditioning the inheritance of grain yield and other agronomic and quality traits is essential in the development of superior maize genotypes. The main objective of this study was to determine the combining ability for grain yield and other agronomic traits of QPM and non-QPM inbred lines crossed with two QPM and two non-QPM testers. Materials and methods A total of 130 hybrids were obtained by crossing 10 non-QPM and 23 QPM lines with four elite testers (two QPM and two non-QPM). The 130 single cross hybrids were evaluated at 13 sites in 2018 and 2019. Results and discussion The results showed significant general combining ability (GCA) for lines and testers as well as significant specific combining ability (SCA) for hybrids for most of the measured traits. Non-additive gene action controlled the inheritance of grain yield while agronomic and quality traits were controlled by additive gene action. QPM lines 11, 14 and 28 and non-QPM tester CML444 showed desirable GCA effects for grain yield, indicating that these lines in combination with tester CML444 should be considered when targeting development of superior maize genotypes with QPM traits. Conclusions Based on the SCA values, crosses 120, 108, 105, 99, 85, and 41 were identified as the best hybrids across the locations. It is recommended that maize breeding programs targeting the development of high yielding QPM hybrids should exploit QPM lines with high GCA values for heterosis to be realized. In addition, the identified superior hybrids may be further evaluated and consequently promoted for commercial release which could increase incomes of farmers and help to alleviate poverty, hunger and malnutrition in southern Africa and sub-Saharan Africa at large.


Based on the discussion of work by pair of inner force, it is showed that the total work between two particles is equal to work done by one particle moving to the other.


Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer with the highest prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate for females in Indonesia and worldwide. Ultrasonography is a recommended modality for breast cancer, because it is comfortable, radiation free and it can be widely used. However, ultrasound images often occur in quality degradation caused by speckle noise that appears during image acquisition. It causes difficulty for radiologists or Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems to diagnose these images. Some techniques are proposed for reducing the speckle noise. This journal aims to compare the performance of 14 noise reduction techniques in breast ultrasound images. Quantitative testing was carried out on 58 breast ultrasound images and 3 artificial breast ultrasound image. The quantitative parameters are used include texture analysis (Mean, Variant, skewness, kurtosis, contrast and entropy) and evaluation of image quality (MSE, RMSE, SNR, SSIM, Structural content and Maximum Difference). The qualitative testing was also carried out with the assessment of 3 radiology specialists on 3 samples of each reduction technique. Based on test results, the 3 best performance filters are DsFsrad, DsFamedian dan DsFhmedian. Keywords: Ultrasound, speckle noise, filter


Although trimethylsilyl triflate (TMSOTf) has been widely used to promote glycosyl trichloroacetimidates in oligosaccharide synthesis, silver triflate (AgOTf) was proved to be a mild and in some cases more efficient catalyst in TMSOTf‐sensitive glycosylations. Migration and degradation in some specific coupling reactions can be reduced significantly under this alternative glycosylation condition.


Increase of fishing activities in Indonesian waters tends to lead in overfishing. Conservation efforts are needed to save the sustainability of fish resources. Fishermen who directly related to the sea have an important role in the implementation of fish resources conservation. This article is aimed to analyze the implementation level of the conservation of fish resources done by the fishermen; which further separated in the category of fish resources protection activities; preservation of fish resources, and sustainable utilization of fish resources. The design of the
study is explanatory research using a quantitative approach. The population were traditional fishermen in the Palabuhanratu Village, District of Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. Respondents of 75 people were chosen randomly from total of 3,900 people in such village. Data were collected using survey method, and presented in the form of frequency tables and descriptions, and analyzed descriptively. The results indicated that the level of protection of fish resources was in the moderate category; the fishermen have had efforts to protect fish resources although the implementation was not optimum. The level of conservation of fish resources was categorized as high, e.g. traditional fishermen have understood well that the fish resources need to be conserved properly to keep the fish resources can be harvested in a long time. Also, the level of sustainable utilization of fish resource was categorized as high, as confirmed by the absence of fishermen who use environmental-destructive fishing gear.


With the development of modern industry towards large-scale and integration, the production process is becoming more and more complex. The process is seriously nonlinear, time-varying, uncertain and the strong combination of variables, which makes many systems lack accurate mathematical description and difficult to analyze and control with traditional theoretical methods. Therefore, it is necessary to study new intelligent control strategies. Real-time and efficient solution of the optimal path in a large-scale road network is a research difficulty in the field of dynamic path induction. During path planning, the robot's own sensors are required to continuously collect and analyze environmental data, so that the robot can find the target point and update it continuously path. Aiming at the shortcomings of the basic GA, such as low efficiency, when calculating the optimization problems of large-scale networks. In this paper, an intelligent route planning algorithm based on genetic neural network is proposed. The environmental information is obtained by five sensors loaded on the front end. The obtained obstacle, pose and target information are used as the input of neural network, and then the weights of neural network are trained and adjusted by GA. Finally, the output of neural network after training and adjustment is used as the driving control force of robot. On this basis, referring to some conclusions of fixture verification, the stability and deformation characteristics of the workpiece are simulated through some parameters, and the GA is used for combinatorial optimization to determine the optimal positioning point. The algorithm proposed in this paper has the advantages of simple calculation and fast convergence, can avoid some local extremum, and the planned collision free path reaches the shortest collision free path. Finally, through the experimental simulation of the algorithm, the results show that the proposed intelligent route planning algorithm based on genetic neural network is correct and effective. In addition, the real-time performance and rapidity are better than the basic GA, and the balance problem of solving efficiency and solving quality in large-scale road network is also solved.


At the nanoscale, molecular electronics have the potential to far outperform traditional silicon-based devices. However, despite extensive studies, incorporating single molecules into the design of integrated circuits remains a great challenge. A central difficulty is poor control of the contact state between molecule and metal electrode, which may induce instability and noise in logic and memory devices and even destroy the intrinsic functionality of the device. Here, based on density-functional theory calculations, we propose a simple and effective strategy to realize full control of the contact state of organic molecules coated on the metal surface by applying homogenous surface strain. As exemplified by pyrazine molecules on Cu(111), application of compressive strain causes the molecules to uniformly adopt the physisorbed state, while application of tensile strain results in chemisorption. Further, within the framework of nonequilibrium Green's function calculations, we show that the two distinct contact states yield simultaneous rectification and switching behaviors. Since the contact states of all surface bound molecules are transformed uniformly via surface strain perturbations, fully controlled collective switching and rectification effects can be simultaneously achieved in this contact system.


Belching clouds of smoke and steam, this old locomotive looks almost defiant as it leaves Johannesburg and breaks free of the web-like system of power lines necessary for the running of less elegant electricity-driven trains. Named Millie, the loco was hauling a trainload of steam enthusiatics on 8 1/2 hour trip to Boons, near Magaliesburg, and back. The "day in the country by Steam" was arranged by the Historic Transport Association.


Personnel system reform in the domestic is being taken in almost all the universities in China. The paper, based on the new situation arisen in university personnel system reform, puts forward some suggestions on how to deepen the university personnel system reform after analyzing the existing problems and introducing some valuable experience and practice. The suggestions include concept conversion, responsibilities distinguish, favorable reform external environment foundation, supervision strengthening and the personnel system reform combination with the teaching reform.


Wake-up call for the industry or an isolated case of corporate chicanery? Healthcare experts are divided on the import of Richard Scrushy's indictment on 85 counts last week in connection with the financial scandal at HealthSouth Corp. The indictment alleges the company founder relied on electronic and telephone surveillance, threats and intimidation to control his accomplices.


Abstract : Marine structures are designed to operate in hostile environments consisting of corrosive sea-water, hot and cold temperature extremes, transient dynamic loads like hull-slamming and complex three-dimensional hydrostatic loads. Additionally, naval structures are required to withstand weapons impacts and blast loads resulting from surface and underwater explosions. Recent assessments of marine structures have demonstrated that sandwich structures and composite materials can provide high strength-to-weight ratios and good blast mitigation. This thesis is focused on the dynamic response of composite materials and structures to underwater impulsive loading. This research work seeks to establish structure-material-property relationships for marine structures based on different materials, loading intensities and novel structural design concepts to enhance the blastresistance of naval structures. Of particular interest are experimental and computational evaluations of the physical processes involved in the dynamic response of fiberreinforced composite materials and composite sandwich. This research work encompasses blast/shock loading; rupture and penetration; Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) effects; dynamic constitutive relations and strain-rate effects; damage-modeling; and concepts for damage mitigation.


Vector-boson production in p i p collisions in LHC Run-1 has been extensively studied by ATLAS and CMS. Charged and neutral-current Drell-Yan cross sections are sensitive to the parton distribution functions of the proton and electroweak corrections. The measurements of the neutral-current Drell-Yan process in three distinct kinematic regions, i.e. at the Z boson mass peak, below, and above, are performed. The results are compared to NLO Monte Carlo simulations and to NNLO QCD predictions corrected for NLO EW effects calculated using various parameterisations of the parton distribution functions. An overview of these results is given. The proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are in fact parton-parton collisions, where the momentum fraction x carried by a parton can be described in terms of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs). These colliding partons may undergo a hard-scattering process producing, for example, a Z boson in the final state. The production cross section for such a process may be factorised into the hard scattering between the partons and the PDF of each of the interacting partons. Via this hard scatter, one can test perturbative QCD (pQCD). Predictions for such processes are available at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). Drell-Yan (DY) production at the LHC probes the structure of the PDFs over a wide range of x and four-momentum transfer Q 2 . The quark and gluon PDFs may be parameterised by functions that describe their shapes as a function of x. One can then use such processes to feed information into global QCD fits to extract these PDFs. The cross-section measurements available at the LHC have differing sensitivity to the proton's PDFs and so much may be gained by including, for example, electroweak boson production as such processes are sensitive to both the valence and sea quark distributions. The recent measurements presented at this PANIC Conference included the transverse momentum p ll and invariant mass mll dependence of the production of Z/γ ¤ ! ll, where the lepton can be either an electron or a muon, as well as the charge asymmetry of W ± production. The results from QCD analyses extracting PDF information were also discussed. A subset of this presentation is summarised in these proceedings.


The gene fragment encoding the extracellular domain of rabies virus (RV) glycoprotein was amplified from RV (HEP strain). Three neutralizing antigenic determinants of glycoprotein were spliced together in tandem using mutation PCR and were inserted into PET-28a vector. The recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells for expression. The recombinant protein was optimized with proper induction by IPTG. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis analysis revealed a band of protein correspondent with molecular weight of the target protein. The recombinant protein was recognized specifically by anti-RV positive serum in western-blotting analysis.


New archaeological finds of Celtic coins anda residues of coin production in the UpperRhine in Valley of South Germany and Switzerland add another chapter to the still enigmatic Celtic metallurgy, especially in relation to the production of the the ternary gold-silver-copper alloys for coinage.