The drive to redefine territory and protect neighborhood boundaries is being felt in communities of all income levels throughout this country's metropolitan areas. In the last ten to 15 years, gated communities, one of the more dramatic forms of residential boundaries, have sprung up around the country. Millions of Americans are turning to walls and fences around communal residential space that was previously integrated with the larger shared civic space. This era of dramatic demographic, economic, and social changes brings with it a growing crisis of future expectations. Many feel vulnerable, unsure of their place and their communities in the face of rapid change. This feeling is reflected in an increasing fear of crime unrelated to actual trends and to the growing number of methods used to control the physical environment for both social and economic security. The phenomenon of walled cities and gated communities is a dramatic manifestation of a new fortress mentality growing in America. Gated communities are residential areas with restricted access that makes normally public spaces private. Access is controlled by physical barriers, walled or fenced perimeters, and gated or guarded entrances. Gated communities include both new housing developments and older residential areas retrofitted with barricades and fences. They represent a phenomenon different from apartment or condominium buildings with security systems or doormen. There, a doorman precludes public access only to a lobby or hallways-the private space within a building. Gated communities preclude public access to roads, sidewalks, parks, open space, and playgrounds-all resources that in earlier eras would have been open and accessible to all citizens of a locality. The best estimate is that 2.5 million American families have already sought out this new refuge from the problems of urbanization, and their numbers are growing.1


In an effort to determine if severe degrees of SCFE can be successfully treated with in situ pinning an anatomical study was undertaken to determine the relationship between severity of SCFE, the level of the metaphysis in relation to epiphysis on AP x-ray of the hip, the position of entry on the femoral neck and impaction/inclusion. A dry bone specimen of a young adult without bony pathology was used to create a severe SCFE of varying degrees between 30 and 90 degrees. Standard x-rays AP pelvis and frog lateral were taken to determine the degree of SCFE. A titanium pin marker was inserted in the femoral neck to be centrally directed and placed in the femoral head for each degree of SCFE studied. The position of the pin was inspected as well as assessed with x-rays and CT. Computer model was then used to determine values for younger patients as well as the role that screw diameter will play. Twelve degrees of SCFE were studied namely from 30 to 90 degrees. Varus and external rotation were simulated as well according to the tables of Rab. The results show that severe SCFE of more than 60 degrees pinning in situ as a method of management is associated with risk. SCFE of 70 degrees is pinned midway up the femoral neck. The screw penetrates the posterior neck and in younger children will penetrate in lesser degrees. Impaction is present in mild degrees of SCFE and demonstrated to contribute to failure of fixation. The study illustrates that severe SCFE is difficult to pin in situ, associated with inclusion and impaction that will result in coxarthrosis and biomechanically not secure. If the level of the femoral neck metaphysis is proximal or at the same level as the epiphysis, the SCFE is of such a degree that the neck may be reconstructed given the limits of subtrochanteric and intertrochanteric osteotomies.


This paper treats the elastic stability of supported rectangular plates of sandwich construction with isotropic and aeolotropic fillings under compression and shear loading. Formulae are developed fcr critical stresses etr flat and curved panels in compression and flat panels in shear for the buckling of the whole panel, also for the wrinkling or local failure of the faces of flat panels in compression. A methtd is indicated for calculating the critical load of a cylinder in pure bending.


Controlled exposure of human volunteers to air pollutants is discussed in relation to air quality regulatory policy decisions. Methods are presented for exposure studies. The basic equipment required for exposure studies includes a source of purified air, a method of adding experimental pollutants to the purified air, a means of monitoring pollutant concentrations, and a facility for exposing subjects to the polluted air. Among the pollutants that have been studied, only O/sub 3/ and SO/sub 2/ have shown clear effects on the respiratory system at concentrations likely to be attained in polluted ambient air. The most obvious effect of O/sub 3/ is irritation of the lower respiratory tract. This response is proportional to the total O/sub 3/ dose. Recent atmospheric studies have redirected attention to possible health risks from fog-associated pollution, presenting a new challenge to the field of controlled human exposure studies.


One of the important issues still under investigation in order to increase the confidence in the results obtained in the PSA of technological systems is the physical modelling of the process. Integrated Dynamic Decision Analysis provides a full representation of the plant states, as well as all the possible occurrences patterns, expressed in a set of mutually self-excluding sequences. The availability of the full set of alternatives allows the complete spectrum of possible probability-consequence conditions to be used as a basis for decisions in risk reduction. Furthermore it is possible to interface with the logicprobabilistic model a process simulator, in order to assess the status of each relevant process variable with reference to the failure sequence identified, allowing the mutual interactions of the hardware components and the physical evolution of the plant to be taken into account. This approach is here described through a simple case study taken from literature


A = projected area on the base plane c = half crack length c, c + p = half effective crack length D = Eh3/ [ 12( 1 9) ] = flexural rigidity E = Young's modulus G = shear modulus k = thickness K = fracture toughness J,l,J I J f J. I. asdefinedintext C,,ZV r.n> ST XI <.Pl <,p P = periphery pee,, P(b), Pde), P (@ PF\, PC"\, P*(6), PpCbl, Pg","h, Fe' tr I , = stress coefficients as d%ned in text q,, = uniform internal pressure R = radius of the shell


Historical records of Comet Halley apparitions, starting from the 240 BC apparition observed by the Chinese, are presented, complete with ephemerides for each known apparition. The right ascension and declination are given for each ephemeris date. Consideration is given to the theories used to predict future perihelion passage times and to the methods for identifying early Comet Halley apparitions. In addition, observations related to the physical properties and chemical constituents of Comet Halley are described, with particular emphasis on the data of the 1910 apparition.


To compare the tolerability and effectiveness of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) and iron sucrose (FeS) in pregnant women with iron deficiency (ID).


This article examines two cases of state funding cuts to the most prominent and active Arab community organisations operating in Canada, the Canadian Arab Federation and Palestine House. It contextualises the cuts within broader 'crisis of multiculturalism' debates imbued with anti-Arab/anti-Muslim racism and the silencing of Palestine advocacy efforts; arguing that the shift to a neoliberal multiculturalism, emptied of anti-racist politics, along with the construction of national identities around a set of western 'core values' has advanced a marginalising politics that demarcates a 'civilisational' border which excludes Arabs, Muslims, and by extension Palestine solidarity. Curtailing freedom of expression, partly through funding cuts, thus becomes a key mechanism for disciplining dissent in racialised communities.


Aim . To investigate arterial stiffness parameters in middle-aged patients with stage II grade 1-2 essential arterial hypertension (HT) and evaluate their changes after treatment with single pill combinations (SPC) of antihypertensive drugs. Methods . At the first phase  of the study, according to the medical records data, a group of untreated patients with stage II grade 1-2  HT (n=100, 47 men, mean age 51.9±6.5 years), and a group of healthy controls with normal blood pressure (BP) (n=86; 28 men; mean age 48.8±5.8 years) were formed. The analysis of arterial stiffness was performed by the volumetric sphygmography technique using VaSera VS-1500N device (Fukuda Denshi Co., Ltd, Japan). All the subjects underwent ambulatory BP monitoring (BPLab, BP2005-01.04.00.2540, Petr Telegin, Russia) as well as a routine BP measurement by the Korotkov method. At the second  stage  of the study, a group of HT patients (n=90) was formed  according to the medical history data.  These patients thanks  to antihypertensive treatment with SPC (perindopril arginine/indapamide or valsartan/amlodipine) achieved the target BP level (<140/90 mm Hg) according to routine measurements and they were assessed in terms  of therapy efficacy (general clinical data, SMAD, volume sphygmography) 12 weeks after the target BP level was reached. Results . At the first phase of the study, in HT patients cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), both on the left (7.9±1.3) and right side (8.1±1.3), as well as the right-side augmentation index (1.22±0.31%) were significantly higher (p=0.006, p=0.003, p=0.047, respectively) compared to the controls (7.5±0.9, 7.6±0.9, 1.13±0.28%, respectively). At the second  phase  of the study, after SPC treatment the CAVI significantly decreased both on the left- (up to 7.36±1.37, p=0.02) and right-side (up to 7.46±1.44, p=0.02). Conclusions . In untreated 40-65 years-old patients with stage II grade 1-2 HT arterial stiffness assessed by volumetric sphygmography is significantly higher compared with sex-matched healthy individuals. 12-week therapy with SPCs improves the elastic properties of the major arteries, reducing the CAVI value.


: There are various sinus augmentation treatments, and factors influencing dental implant placement and sinus augmentation survival rates are still up for debate. In this case report, an indirect procedure using an osteotome technique and crestal approach was used. When there is more than 6 mm of remaining bone height and a rise of 3–4 mm is anticipated, the osteotome procedure may be advised. If the resorption is more advanced, a direct procedure involving a lateral antrostomy must be carried out.


Transportation is fundamentally in our life, not only to distributes of goods and commodities but also to distributes humans. Transportation problem is the problem that we often encounter. This study is further research from previous research conducted by Onianwa and Sadiq from Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria. This study tried to manipulate the inter-facility transport from the discussion of the previous research with Vogel Approximation Method (VAM) and Modified Distribution (MODI). The results show that VAM provides transportation cost for $ 11.050 ($ 500 lower than NWCR) and equal to the output of the AAU software that used previously. Keywords: Transportation, Vogel Approximation, Modified Distribution.


Background: The differentiation between stable and dynamic aspects of schizophrenia is important for accurate diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of this condition. The 30-item Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) is widely used to measure schizophrenia symptoms. However, the extent to which it measures stable and dynamic symptoms and specific sources of measurement error have not been rigorously investigated using appropriate methodology. Generalisability Theory is a suitable method recommended for this purpose.

Method: We applied Generalisability Theory to distinguish between enduring and dynamic aspects of schizophrenia symptoms and sources of measurement error in the PANSS using a longitudinal measurement design. The sample included 107 patients with chronic schizophrenia assessed using the PANSS at five time points over a 24-week period during a multi-site clinical trial of N-Acetylcysteine as an add-on to maintenance medication for the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.
Results: The total PANSS showed acceptable generalisability (G=0.77) in measuring schizophrenia symptoms across persons and occasions. After accounting for enduring symptom patterns, 73.6% of remaining variance was explained by the overall occasion effect and 26.4% by dynamic symptom patterns that were subsequently estimated in every item. All three PANSS subscales were affected by error due to interactions involving items.

Conclusions: The total PANSS is not affected by measurement error associated with individual items identified in individual subscales and is more reliable for clinical assessment of schizophrenia symptoms. These findings highlight the value of G Theory to develop scales for separate assessment of enduring and dynamic symptoms of schizophrenia.


Despite the fact that apologies differ in their effectiveness, most research has focused on apologies as dichotomous phenomena wherein a victim either a) receives an apology or b) doesn't. Psychological research has yet to elucidate which components of apologies are most effective, and for whom. The present research begins to address this gap by testing the theory that perpetrators' apologies are most likely to inspire victim forgiveness when their components align with victims' self-construals. Hierarchical linear modeling analysis from a policy capturing experiment supports the primary hypotheses. As predicted, victims who emphasize the independent, relational, and collective selves were most likely to forgive following apologies that contained offers of compensation, expressions of empathy, and acknowledgements of violated rules/norms, respectively.


The theory of macroscopic observables, which allows a model‐independent analysis of collisional relaxation, is applied to selected high‐quality experimental data on infrared fluorescence (IRF) from collisional deactivation of azulene excited to ∼30 000 cm−1 by single‐photon absorption from a 337 nm laser. Particular attention is paid to obtaining a secure relation between the experimental IRF intensity signal and the azulene bulk‐average vibrational energy 〈〈y〉〉. The azulene system turns out to be special in two respects: the initial population distribution immediately following the laser shot can be reasonably approximated by a delta function distribution, and the time decay of 〈〈y〉〉 is a simple exponential over almost half the energy range. Under these conditions, it can be shown that the initial value of the macroscopic bulk‐average energy transfer observable 〈〈ΔE〉〉 is identical to the microscopic per collision average 〈ΔE〉, which, in the azulene case, obeys the linear sum rule, i.e., is linearly depen...


Many-core processors are interesting candidates for the design of modern avionics computers. Indeed, the computational power offered by such platforms opens new horizons to design more demanding systems and to integrate more applications on a single target. However, they also bring challenging research topics because of their lack of predictability and their programming complexity. In this paper, we focus on the problem of mapping large applications on a complex platform such as the KALRAY MPPA®-256 while maintaining a strong temporal isolation from co-running applications. We propose a constraint programming formulation of the mapping problem that enables an efficient parallelization and we demonstrate the ability of our approach to deal with large problems using a real world case study.


Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death for children aged between one and fourteen years in Australia. While recent trends show that child road death is decreasing, the numbers of injuries from road traffic accidents are not. The Western Australian Childhood Injury Surveillance System collects data from cases presenting to the Emergency Department of Western Australia's Princess Margaret Hospital for Children (PMH). Road traffic injury presentations between January 2000 and December 2007 were analysed and the findings presented in the January 2008 bulletin. During the eight year period 1,580 presentations were made to PMH emergency department (ED) by children suffering a road traffic injury. Of these, 5 were announced dead on arrival or died while in the ED. Males were 1.3 times more likely to sustain a road traffic injury, and while there was no notable difference in presentations between days of the week, most injuries occurred 4.00-5.59pm. The majority (70 per cent) of injuries were sustained in motor vehicle accidents (MVA). However, few MVAs resulted in serious injuries. Pedestrians, bicyclists and wheeled pedestrians were at greater risk of injuries requiring hospital admission. Safety equipment usage has a significant impact on the occurrence and severity of road traffic injuries. The lack of suitable safety equipment, especially by bicyclists and wheeled pedestrians, is of great concern. Increased use of safety equipment, coupled with supervision and child education would have a positive effect on child road safety.


A 69-year-old man presented with a 6-week history of progressive breathlessness, fatigue and epistaxis. There was no significant past medical history apart from atrial fibrillation diagnosed 2 years earlier when echocardiography was normal. On examination, he was anaemic and had a new mid-systolic murmur. A full blood count revealed pancytopenia (haemoglobin=10.9 g/dl; white cell count=1.7×109/litre; platelets=52×109/litre) and bone marrow histology confirmed a diagnosis of hairy cell leukaemia (Figure 1). A 'staging' computed tomography scan of the thorax and abdomen showed no lymphadenopathy but splenomegaly and a mass in the right atrium. Transthoracic echocardiography confirmed the presence of a large right atrial mass, attached to the atrial free wall and a small pedunculated mass attached low on the interatrial septum (Figure 2). Both right and left ventricular contractility were impaired and there was mild tricuspid regurgitation. He was treated with intravenous cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine) ...


The purpose of this paper is to present a synthesis of a multidisciplined approach to the problem of organophosphate pesticide poisonings in man from the standpoint of its epidemiologic, diagnostic clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic aspects. It is not meant to be an exhaustive review of the literature, but to group together the salient features observed by investigators within a community faced with this problem. INCIDENCE


This article figures out the wave fields of difficult directions,different return-peri- ods,and different water levels in the north of Hangzhou Bay.The results show that the wave from E is dominant in this sea area.The character of the wave from different directions of 50-year return-period in different water levels specified.


Identification of pretreatment indicators of response to specific antidepressants is highly desirable, but clinically useful tools are not available. To explore possible predictors, two research groups analyzed data from the 17-site, industry-supported iSPOT-D trial, in which 1006 adults with major depression were randomized to 8-week, open treatment with escitalopram, sertraline, or extended-release venlafaxine and were assessed by blinded raters.

Arnow and colleagues analyzed response by clinical subtype (atypical, 153; melancholic, 107; anxious, 130; …


When calculating and publishing Q values of mechanical resonators, there is a certain amount of uncertainty that exists as to the validity of the Q value claim. When different resonator technologies are compared, one concern is the method of Q extraction and the impact of local calibration. Recently, as Avago continues to make improvements in Q, the values for Rp (now closing in on 10,000Ω) becomes more questionable and a method must be put in place that gives one the best accuracy. In this work, it is assumed that any fundamental resonance can be modeled using the modified Butterworth Van Dyke (mBVD) type circuit [1]. A 'best practices' will be proposed.


The problem of auto-focusing has been studied for long, but most techniques found in literature do not always work well for low-contrast images. In this paper, a robust focus measure based on the energy of the image is proposed. It performs equally well on ordinary and low-contrast images. In addition, it is computationally efficient.


Exploration of the highly efficient bi‐functional catalysts toward the reduction of CO2 and decomposition of Li2CO3 at the cathode is the key for high‐performance Li‐CO2 batteries. Herein, topological defect‐rich graphene (TDG) based materials are developed as metal‐free cathodes for Li‐CO2 batteries, presenting an unprecedented full discharge capacity of over 69 000 mA h g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, a relatively small voltage gap of 1.87 V (Li/Li+) even at an extremely high current density of 2.0 A g−1, and an excellent long‐term stable cycle life of up to 600 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. The outstanding performance of Li‐CO2 batteries with the TDG cathodic electrocatalyst can be attributed to the introduction of topological defects in the carbon skeleton, providing sufficient active sites for CO2 reduction and evolution to facilitate the formation/decomposition of Li2CO3 during the discharging/charging process. The density functional theory calculations reveal the superiority of the negatively charged C atoms in topological defects as the adsorption for CO2 molecules and the activation sites for the decomposition of Li2CO3, and that the heterocyclic pentagon ring (C5) has a relatively low theoretical potential gap (1.01 V) during the charge and discharge processes.


Composites from polystyrene with hydroxyl end groups and multiwall carbon nanotubes were fabricated to evaluate their properties. The Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) were synthetized by chemical vapor deposition technique using ferrocene and benzene as precursors. Polystyrene with hydroxyl end groups was prepared by solution polymerization employing styrene as monomer, 2-mercaptoethanol as chain transfer agent and AIBN as initiator. Thin films were obtained by two methods: pouring into petri dishes and dip-coating slides. CNTs were characterized to identify morphology and characteristic spectroscopic signals. The polystyrene with hydroxyl end groups and composites were analyzed by SEM, FTIR, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopies, Vickers microhardness and electrical resistivity. Raman analysis demonstrated chemical interactions between CNTs and polystyrene. Results showed that resistivity and transparency decreased by increasing CNTs concentrations in composites; transmittance was about 80% with 0.8 wt% content of nanotubes. The highest Vickers hardness registered value was at 1.6 wt% CNTs concentration.


Springback is a kind of typical defect in sheet metal punching. Although it could be resolved with mould surface modification, it is inefficient with traditional method. In this paper, a new method of mould surface modification was proposed. The new method converted the traditional method into an optimization problem. And then the mapping model and the optimization method would be studied further. Finally the proposed method was applied for springback offset. And the results showed that the method could resolve the springback offset issue effectively.


A review of the various techniques that have been used to successfully measure the basis weight and thickness of flat web products is presented. The sensors that are discussed include nuclear and X-ray sensors, capacitance sensors, direct caliper sensors utilizing eddy current, ultrasonic, and laser technologies, and a selective sensor utilizing infrared (IR) technology.<<ETX>>


Blind reverse faults are challenging to detect, and earthquake records can be elusive because deep fault slip does not break the surface along readily recognized scarps. The blind Reelfoot fault in the New Madrid seismic zone in the central United States has been the subject of extensive prior investigation; however, the extent of slip at the southern portion of the fault remains unconstrained. In this study, we use lidar to map terraces and lacustrine landforms in the Obion River valley and investigate apparent broad folding resulting from slip on the buried Reelfoot fault. We compare remote surface mapping results with three auger boreholes in the ∼24 ka Finley terrace and interpret apparent warping as due to tectonic folding and not stratigraphic thickening. We combine our results with historical records of coseismic lake formation that indicate surface deformation dammed the Obion River in the 1812 CE earthquake. Older terraces (deposited at least 35–55 ka) record progressive fold scarps ≥1, ≥2, and ≥8 m high indicating a long record of earthquakes predating the existing paleoseismic record. Broad, distributed folding above the Reelfoot fault into the Obion River valley is consistent with a deep active fault tip along the southern reaches of the fault. Our analyses indicate the entire length of the fault (≥70 km) is capable of rupture and is more consistent with longer rupture scenarios.


The device includes a post-acceleration tube 1 having a larger caliber than the gun barrel, and which has at least three guide ribs 2 disposed on the inner periphery at a certain distance from each other, s' extending substantially in longitudinal direction of the post-acceleration tube 1 and defining by their inner end surfaces forming guide surfaces 3, a contour having a cross sectional shape matching that of the section of the projectile 5. use in arms projectile and post-acceleration tube.


The NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) uses commercial waveguide windows on the output waveguide of Ka-band (32 GHz) low-noise amplifiers. Mechanical failure of these windows resulted in an unacceptable loss in tracking time. To address this issue, a new Ka-band WR-28 waveguide window has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The window uses a slab of low-loss, low-dielectric constant foam that is bonded into a 1/2-wave-thick waveguide/flange. The foam is a commercially available, rigid, closed-cell polymethacrylimide. It has excellent electrical properties with a dielectric constant of 1.04, and a loss tangent of 0.01. It is relatively strong with a tensile strength of 1 MPa. The material is virtually impermeable to helium. The finished window exhibits a leak rate of less than 3x10(exp -3)cu cm/s with helium. The material is also chemically resistant and can be cleaned with acetone. The window is constructed by fabricating a window body by brazing a short length of WR-28 copper waveguide into a standard rectangular flange, and machining the resulting part to a thickness of 4.6 mm. The foam is machined to a rectangular shape with a dimension of 7.06x3.53 mm. The foam is bonded into the body with a two-part epoxy. After curing, the excess glue and foam are knife-trimmed by hand. The finished window has a loss of less than 0.08 dB (2%) and a return loss of greater than 25 dB at 32 GHz. This meets the requirements for the DSN application. The window is usable for most applications over the entire 26-to-40-GHz waveguide band. The window return loss can be tuned to a required frequency by var y in g the thickness of the window slightly. Most standard waveguide windows use a thin membrane of material bonded into a recess in a waveguide flange, or sandwiched between two flanges with a polymer seal. Designs using the recessed window are prone to mechanical failure over time due to constraints on the dimensions of the recess that allow the bond to fail. Designs using the sandwich method are often permeable to helium, which prohibits the use of helium leak detection. At the time of this reporting, 40 windows have been produced. Twelve are in operation with a combined operating time of over 30,000 hours without a failure.


Periodic measurement of the structure gauge is essential to ensure safe train operation. Measuring the clearance gauge however, is time and labor intensive given the vast number of trackside facilities. An inexpensive and efficient measuring device using laser range scanners was therefore developed. A management system is also being developed, which maps measured three-dimensional point cloud data to facility data. This paper describes the problems and solutions related to applying the laser range scanners for structural gauging, and presents results obtained from experiments. This paper also describes progress achieved in the development of the management system.


Initially, the feminist thought was based on Humanist approach, that is, the sameness or essentialist approach of feminism. But recently, gender and feminism have evolved as complicated terms and gender identification as a complicated phenomenon. This is due to the identification of multiple intersectionalities around gender, gender relations and power hierarchies. There are intersections based on age, caste, class, abilities, ethnicity, race, sexuality and other societal divisions. Apart from these societal intersections, intersection can also be sought in the theory of feminism like historical materialist feminisms, postcolonial and anti-racist feminisms, liberal feminism, radical feminisms, sexual difference feminisms, postmodern feminisms, queer feminisms, cyber feminisms, post-human feminisms and most recent choice feminisms and so on. Furthermore, In India, there have been assertions for Dalit/Dalit bahujan/abrahmini/Phule-Ambedkarite feminisms. Gender theorists have evolved different approaches to study gender. In addition to the distinction between a biosocial and a strong social constructionist approach, distinctions have been made between essentialist and constructionist approaches. The above theories and approaches present differential understandings of intersections between discourse, embodiment and materiality, and sex and gender. The present article will endeavour to bring out the salient points in the feminist ideology of Savitribai Phule as a crusader for gender justice and will try to locate her feminist ideology in the overall trajectory of global feminist thought. The article suggests that Savitibai's feminism shows characteristics of all the three waves of feminism.


Objective To investigate the effect of locking plate treatment of limb long bone fractures.Methods 81 patients limb long bone fractures were randomly divided into two groups.The control group was given the external fixator,the experimental group was given a locking plate treatment,the treatment effect of the two groups were compared.Results The experimental group of patients with blood loss and operative time was higher in patients,P0.05;experimental group patients healing rate was higher in patients with loosening lower than control group patients(P0.05).Conclusion Use the locking plate treatment of limb long bone fractures with good results,the doctor should select the appropriate treatment according to the actual situation of the patients,the fractures were healing better.


Problem definition: This study extends the literature on consumer returns by assessing the impact of return period policy change on a multichannel retailer performance. Academic/practical relevance...


This paper focuses on the contribution of woman visual artist, printmaker Shakuntala Kulkarni from Bombay School who is breaking forms of artwork from restricted spaces to multi mediums and technologies. Artist Shakuntala Kulkarni's thought process and experiences give an overview on her socially engaged art practice by using contemporary technologies of print making as well as combinations of arts and craft in works. This paper will provide relevant narratives like film, video, drawing, painting and print making that emerges in her work from artistic thought process and journey of the artist. Artist works against the backdrop of a growing movement to bridge the gender gap are timely and on point with a focus powerful expression on unique modes, methods even process through which she addresses and engage with society, politics, history, emotions and environment of contemporary times and becoming part of the global international art scene.The Artist remains insufficiently investigated or appreciated where Bombay was one of the flourished centres socially, politically, and culturally. She creates a space for empowerment through the use of multi mediums, emerging trends in interactive works of art and becoming inspiration to eminent artists and young generation too. The history of visual arts and printmaking of Bombay School in particular cannot be written without acknowledgement of her contribution as print maker and multidisciplinary artist.


In patients with advanced treatment-resistant Parkinson's disease, the effect of diet and the relationship with levodopa levels were examined. The subjects included nine patients with Parkinson's disease, who had been treated with levodopa for a long period and who exhibited "wearing off" and "on-off" phenomena. There were four men and five women; mean age, 66.1 years old (63-72); mean HY mean disease contraction period, 10.2 years (7-23); mean levodopa daily doses, 388.9 mg (300-700 mg). In five of the nine patients, blood levodopa density was low level and the OFF state developed after a meal. In three of these five people, the effect of the diet was thought about only to one of three meals. In the remaining two people, the effect of the diet was thought about than two of three meals.


Developing successful na\ igation and mapping strategies is an essential part of autonomous robot research. However, hardware limitations often make for inaccurate systems. This project serves to investigate efficient alternatives to mapping an environment, by ftrst creating a mobile robot, and then applying machine learning to the robot and controlling systems to increase the robustness of the robot system. My mapping system consists of a semi-autonomous robot drone in communication with a stationary Linux computer system. There are learning systems running on both the robot and the more powerful Linux system. The first stage of this project was devoted to designing and building an inexpensive robot. Utilizing my prior experience from independent studies in robotics, I designed a small mobile robot that was well suited for simple navigation and mapping research. \\Then the major components of the ro bot base were designed, I began to implement my design. This involved physically constructing the base of the robot, as well as researching and acquiring components such as sensors. Implementing the more complex sensors became a time-consuming task, involving much research and assistance from a variety of sources. A concurrent stage of the project involved researching and experimenting with different types of machine learning systems. I finally settled on using neural networks as the machine learning system to incorporate into my project. Neural nets can be thought of as a structure of interconnected nodes, through which infonnation fi lters. The type of neural net that I chose to use is a type that requires a known set of data that serves to train the net to produce the desired output. Neural nets are particularly well suited for use with robotic systems as they can handle cases that lie at the extreme edges of the training set, such as may be produced by "noisy" sensor data. Through experimenting with available neural net code, I became familiar with the code and its function, and modified it to be more generic and reusable for multiple applications of neural neLS. The next stage of my project involved implementing my neural net system on my robot. My ftrst task for the robot involved creating a system that would allow the robot to track a light source. The next application of neural nets was a system that interpreted the data returned by a ranging sensor, putting this distance information in terms of units relative to the robot. These two networks proved to be very successful and useful. The third and largest application of neural nets in my system was a system that would determine the best way for the robot drone to map an unknown environment. I implemented a system that would generate a number of possible paths for the robot to pursue to gather infonuation about the environment:, and then upload that infonnation to the robot. The third neural net is the system that chooses which of those possible paths is would be the useful to pursue. This net examined a representation of each path, and output a measure of the projected usefulness and success of the path. At tills point I also created an environment in which to run my robot and test the mapping system. This is also when I discovered a problem with the compass on my robot. This sensor problem prevented the robot from C{)nsistently knowing which direction it was moving in for more than a minute or two, and essentially crippled the useful flUlctions of the robot. This prevented testing the third neural net, as well as the overall mapping system. Due to these hardware issues, it is impossible to draw any overriding conclusions. However, I completed most of the project with positive results. The robot I built turned out to be very successful. despite the issues with one sensor. I was able to apply neural nets to two aspects of controlling the robot, and the software system for controlling the robot is quite large and extensive. Overall the project has promising results, and was a tremendous experience. There are also many areas that remain for future research, including testing the remainder of my mapping system, and introducing more variables such as multiple robots, and implementing other machine learning systems. (Copyright) Christopher Ireland 2000 All Rights Reserved


With the continuous modify of China's scientific and technologic level, the hadoop message extraction algorithm of the Internet of things is also constantly updated and improved. Aiming at the problems of small amount and low speed of message extraction in a single time in the traditional hadoop message extraction algorithm, a new fast hadoop message extraction algorithm based on artificial intelligence is proposed. With the rapid burgeon of the Internet, message technology and cloud computing, today's society has entered the era of massive data, further pushing hadoop into another disruptive technologic change in the IT industry. In order to improve the fast processing and recognition ability of hadoop, it is necessary to carry out fast data clustering analysis. Aiming at the problem that the traditional fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm is sensitive to the initial value and easy to fall into the local optimization solution, a fast hadoop clustering algorithm based on small disturbance suppression of the clustering center of logistics chaotic map is proposed. This paper adopts the method of artificial intelligence architecture, It has higher data accuracy in the mining process, and the mining time is significantly lower than the control group algorithm, which has strong practical value.


The four-component filament/staple fiber corn-spun yarn is spun on FA506 ring spinning frame with PET/PU interlaced yarn and wool/rabbit-hair blended roving as outer sheath.The spinning process was analyzed.Mechanical properties of the four-component filament/staple fiber core-spun yarn and its core yarn(PET/PU interlaced yarn) were tested by electronic single yarn strength tester,the hairiness was tested by hairiness tester,and the evenness was tested by electronic evenness tester.The results show that the elastic recovery rate of the four-component filament/staple fiber composite core-spun yarn is good under the conditions of small deformation with few hairiness and good evenness,and can be used as a new type of knitting yarn for sweater.


We have successfully grown ferromagnetic MnGa ultrathin films on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Reflection high energy electron diffraction and cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy show that monocrystalline MnGa films are grown with the c axis of the tetragonal unit cell normal to the (001) GaAs substrates. Both magnetization measurements by vibrating sample magnetometer and extraordinary Hall effect (EHE) measurements indicate perpendicular magnetization, with the remnant magnetization of 225 emu/cm3 and EHE resistivity in the range of 0.5–4 μΩ cm at room temperature. The material possesses properties ideal for certain nonvolatile magnetic memory coupled with underlying III‐V circuitry.


Genetic diversity in 18 hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces from northwest of Iran (west of Urmia lake) was analysed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based technique. With 20 selected RAPD primers, from 121 amplified bands 100 were polymorphic (84.46%). Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values were calculated for each primer. Genetic diversity of all landraces estimated by Nei's genetic diversity ranged from 0.000 to 0.498 and Shannon diversity index ranged from 0.000 to 0.691. The clustering algorithm divided the varieties into three major groups. Results revealed that RAPD markers could be efficiently used to quickly differentiate local landraces obtained from different locations. The information on genetic similarity will be useful to establish a germplasm bank of wheat landraces and to develop breeding programmes.


The present invention provides a terminal, comprising: means evoke region, for evoking the shared region preset on the screen of the terminal interface; identifying the mobile unit, according to a first movement command received, the identifying data to be displayed on the shared screen interface is moved from the outside to the shared region of the shared operating area; data sharing unit, it is configured to be moved to share the shared display data identifying the corresponding operation area stored in the shared memory space to be shared by the other connected to a terminal of the shared memory data to be shared. The present invention also proposes another terminal and a data sharing method. By aspect of the present invention, the terminal can be realized quickly share data without going to specify the application interface operation.


The clonal variation among 70 Pinot noir (V. vinifera L.) clones displaying various phenotypes (cluster architecture, maturity, canopy growth) was studied implementing 178 AFLP-markers in a replicated design. A "most common" genotype, identically fingerprinted, could be assessed comprising 17 (25.7%) of the Pinot clones tested. The largest group of 48 clones (68.6%) was analyzed within the range of 99% genetic similarity compared with the main identical group. A group of 24 clones could be situated farther than 1% differentiation: among 99.1 to 94.0% genetic similarity. No phenotype-specific marker for cluster architecture could be identified within the range of the chosen markers, nor could a common geographical origin be determined for the clones under study. It appears that Pinot noir displays both intra- and interclonal variation.


The Law of the February 23, 2005—which obliged university and school curricula to recognize the "positive role of the French presence" in "France d'outre-mer"—provoked strong opposition. It has further poisoned already impassioned debates over the consequences of France's colonial history. The authors of the petition "We are the Indigenes of the Republic!" connect this to present discrimination. In this debate, the rehabilitation of colonialism, current social realities, and communitarianism are run together with a disregard for (and to the detriment of) history.


The following study begins with the reading and discussion of the lessons of the french philosopher Michel Foucault taught at the College de France (1981-1982) and published posthumously in the book Hermeneutics of the Subject (2001). These lessons elucidate the permanent link between philosophy and spirituality, the relationship subject-truth, that is resolved with the notion of epimeleia heautou, cura sui, ";care of self";. The sources of this practice are recorded consecutively throughout the first millennium of philosophical history as paradigmatic representatives as Socrates and Plato, then going by the founders and followers of  the hellenistic philosophical schools stoicism, epicureanism, and cynicism- even up reach persons of Christian culture. In this world of text has been selected a very unique of these: the letter, the careful art of relationship in the distance. From Plato there are few letters, but there are, of Epicurus are there, these three that remains of his philosophy, as well as fragments and spread, and of Seneca are, among others, the 124 letters to Lucilius. The letter is a bare text, sincere, written in a relationship of self to very unique, compared for example with the treaty sealed, finished and true knowledge and knowledge for teaching purposes. From infancy to youth our modern societies have introduced a mass education system that starts from the pre-school through college, the figure of the teacher or principal which refers in part to the figure of the Other in the epimeleia heautou of the ancient greek is increasingly obscured face communication systems,flatter,andfaster,sparing.


This work concerns the study of judicial protection in matters of collective, diffuse, homogeneous and individual rights, especially as it relates to its executive protection, revealing the critical time of the judicial protection of these rights. The research is based on the collective protection of the legal microsystem, consisting of the Public Civil Action law and the Consumer Defense Code (with subsidiary application of the Civil Procedure Code) to protect the meta-individual rights. Moreover, it discusses about the absence of a legislative body which is appropriate to protect such rights, established in the list of fundamental rights by the Constitution of 1988. It seeks to demonstrate the need to create a new system of judicial protection, free of regulation of the individualistic liberal perspective included in the Civil Procedure Code of 1973. Finally, it addresses the codification movement of the collective procedure law in Brazil, highlighting the main proposals in the Draft of the Brazilian Code of Collective Processes, besides the need for further discussions to its improvement


The benefits of using ontologies have been recognised in many areas such as knowledge and content management, electronic commerce and recently the emerging field of the Semantic Web. These new applications can be seen as a great success of research in ontologies. On the other hand, moving into real application comes with new challenges that need to be addressed on a principled level rather than for specific applications. This special issue will be devoted to less well-explored topics that have come into focus recently as a response to the new problems we face when trying to use ontologies in heterogeneous distributed environments. These environments include the use of ontologies in peer-to-peer and pervasive computing systems.


Abstract : An investigation of the instability mechanism present in a laboratory rocket combustor is performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Three cases are considered which show different levels of instability experimentally. Computations reveal three main aspects to the instability mechanism, the timing of the pressure pulses, increased mixing due to the baroclinic torque, and the presence of unsteady tribrachial flame. The stable configuration shows that fuel is able to flow into the combustor continuously allowing continuous heat release. The unstable configuration shows that a disruption in the fuel flow into the combustor allows the heat release to move downstream and new fuel to accumulate in the combustor without immediately burning. Once the large amounts of fuel in the combustor burn there is rapid rise in pressure which coincides with the timing of the acoustic wave in the combustor. The two unstable cases show different levels of instability and different reignition mechanism.


Nano-ceramic particles is a new type of nanometer materials, which is the up - to - the - minute field in the development of modern ceramic technology. Nano-ceramic particles possessed some predominant capability, such as high rigidity, high toughness, super plasticity in the low temperature, machining easily and so on. In order to possess these excellent characters, nano-ceramic particles must satisfy high purity, well-distributed chemical component, proper granule size and narrower distribution. The preparation technologies of nano-ceramic particles are chiefly introduced, such as solid - phase - method, liquid - phase - method and vapor -phase - method. The advantages and disadvantages of all methods are analyzed.


Regional brand as an important means of promoting economic growth,Many regions have proposed ways to rely on the Construction of regional brands to promote regional economic development.In this paper,the Hadaqi Industrial Corridor as an example,Based on studying the relationship between the regional brand and the economic development,combined with the basic model about the regional brand's success,the basic idea about Constructing Regional Brand in the Hadaqi Industrial Corridor is proposed,that the implementation of regional linkage,and the government and the enterprise-led "Regional integration,dual-core-driven" path of development,in order to provide a reference for future practice.


The Urban Residential Wildlife Habitat Program is an initiative of the Southeast Region U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the SouthFace Energy and Environmental Resource Center. This project is one of several that the Service's Southeast Region is involved with under a fledgling community assistance effort titled "The Small Urban Refuge Initiative." The objective of the SouthFace project is to develop a number of wildlife habitat areas along a path circling an energy-efficient home located on an urban residential lot in Atlanta, Georgia; and to demonstrate the integration of environmentally- friendly practices inside and outside of the dwelling.


A new series of heteroaromatic polyazomethines containing 1,8-naphthyridine moieties in the polymer backbone were synthesized with a solution polycondensation technique. A new heteroaromatic monomer containing 1,8-naphthyridine moieties (4-ethoxy-2,7-dicarboxaldehyde-1,8-naphthyridine) was synthesized with an analogous synthetic sequence and confirmed by elemental and spectral data. The resulting polymers were characterized by elemental, spectral analyses, solubility and viscometry measurements. All the synthesized polyazomethines had better solubility in polar aportic solvents. The thermal properties of those polymers were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermogravimetry, and differential thermal analysis measurements and correlated to their structural units. All the polymers had nearly similar maximum polymer decomposition temperatures, which were in the range 557–577°C. A very large difference between the glass transitions (92–222°C) was observed. In addition, with gel permeation chromatography, the molecular weight determination of selected examples of those polymers was evaluated. The values of the average molecular weight for polyazomethines 7b and 7c were 34,914 and 24,859, respectively. On the other hand, the biological screening of all of the synthesized polyazomethines was performed in variety of bacteria and fungi. Most of the polyazomethines showed a significant influence against Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the most active polymers was 0.05 mg/mL. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012


This paper proposes a low complexity fair user scheduling method employing semi-orthogonal user selection (SUS) for multi-user multiple-input multi-output (MU-MIMO) systems. The intent of the proposed approach is to consider the spatial orthogonality of users into fair user scheduling of the MU-MIMO system, which enhances the system capacity when compared to the traditional round robin (RR) based user scheduling. In the proposed method, the spatial orthogonality is calculated based on SUS which only requires the calculation of inner products among the channel state information (CSI). Therefore, both the improvement of the system capacity and fairness can be achieved with a reduced computational load. Moreover, in contrast to proportional fairness (PF), the proposed user scheduling does not require the heavy calculation of all possible user combinations as is required in MU-MIMO precoding, which is an effective and practical approach. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated and compared with RR and PF in terms of fairness and computational load.


The paper focuses on the assessment of health condition of the workers involved in the production of petrochemical rubber. Diseases of the nervous and cardiovascular system, the liver, alimentary tract, respiration and thyroid gland are the most common in the workers, morbidity structure.


Aim To explore the effects of integrin β1 on the mechanism of adhesion and invasion of glioma cell line. Methods The integrin β1 subunit expression in glioma cell line SHG44 was examined with SABC immunohistochemical staining. The role of integrin β1 in the adhesion of glioma cell SHG44 to collagen I and IV was observed with cell adhesion test. Results There was the integrin expression in glioma cell line SHG44; Anti integrin β1 antibody could inhibit the adhesion of glioma cell SHG44 to collagens I and IV. Conclusion Integrinβ1 subunit plays an important role in the adhesion and invasion of glioma cells. The inhibition of integrin β1 subunit expression in glioma cells may help to prevent the invasive growth of glioma cells.


Silanizing of chitosan has been prepared using the solution-casting method. The silanizing agent is 3-glycydiloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS). The compounding of chitosan/GPTMS was conducted for 1 hour at 80°C by varying GPTMS compound (5-20 wt %) and the final product is referred as Cs/GPTMS. The mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elongation and young modulus were tested according to ASTM D882-02. The addition of 15 % of GPTMS was able to improve the tensile strength value up to 55.66%. However, the elongation decreased to 64.89 %. Moreover, the water adsorption and swelling area properties were studied in this research to evaluate the material ability. Both of water adsorption and swelling area properties decreased by the presence of GPTMS in chitosan. The Cs/GPTMS materials to be promising candidate materials for plastic engineering due to their properties meet the requirement.


Recent studies on image patch matching are paying more attention on hard sample learning, because easy samples do not contribute much to the network optimization. They have proposed various hard negative sample mining strategies, but very few addressed this problem from the perspective of loss functions. Our research shows that the conventional Siamese and triplet losses treat all samples linearly, thus make the training time consuming. Instead, we propose the exponential Siamese and triplet losses, which can naturally focus more on hard samples and put less emphasis on easy ones, meanwhile, speed up the optimization. To assist the exponential losses, we introduce the hard positive sample mining to further enhance the effectiveness. The extensive experiments demonstrate our proposal improves both metric and descriptor learning on several well accepted benchmarks, and outperforms the state-of-the-arts on the UBC dataset. Moreover, it also shows a better generalizability on cross-spectral image matching and image retrieval tasks.


By N. H. Ceaglske London ; Chapman & Hall Ltd. Pp. 228 + xiv. Price 54s. This book is intended to give chemical engineers a mathematical introduction to automatic process control. The first two chapters describe measurement and control equipment used on chemical plants and the remaining five chapters are devoted to the derivation and solution of the equations of simple linear control systems.


According to the practical teaching of Food Nutrition and Examination, provided a new practical teaching mode for vocational education to strengthen the practical teaching.Meanwhile the new mode lays equal stress on diploma and occupational qualification certificates,which emphasizes on the dominant position of the students.


Phenolic foam and method for preparing substantially closed cell shaped resins on the basis of the condensation product between, on the one hand a substituted or not phenol and / or phenol derivative and, on the other hand, an aldehyde by making use of a blowing agent for forming a hard phenol foam , wherein a physical blowing agent containing chlorine-propane.


The need to define chronologies for the Roman Circus of Olisipo (Rossio, Lisboa) stimulated the study of the terra sigillata recovered between 1994-1997 by a team from IPPAR in collaboration with the Museu da Cidade. This article presents the results of our analyses.


One of the water sources in Saudi Arabia is ground water. Many metals can be found in well water due to natural phenomenon and yet there is a scarcity in studies of its metal contents. As heavy metals in ground water have an effect on public health, the awareness of their concentration in the water is sound important for the safety of human health. In this study, three wells in Al-Yanfa village, Asir region, Saudi Arabia, were selected for investigation. In August 2009, three water samples were collected from each of these wells for evaluation of physico-chemical qualities using one litre polyethylene plastic bottles with screw caps. Values of pH, temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, Ca hardness, Mg hardness and total hardness were measured. The concentrations of Cl, SO 4 , NO 3 , NO 2 , NH 3 , Fe, F, PO 4 , Br, SiO 2 , Be, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn, Ag, As, B, Ba, Cu, Mn and Mo were also determined. The results obtained indicated chemically and physically excellent quality of the investigated samples, complying with World Health Organization (WHO) norms and international standards of drinking water.


The present invention provides a side welding method of welding, comprising: cleaning groove to be welded of members to be welded, in order to expose the metal surface of the member to be welded; inclined toward the direction of welding electrodes and the metal surface of the member to be welded forming an angle of 25 ° -30 ° in the groove to be welded is welded to form a weld; two-point closing arc welding process in the tail. Welding method of the present invention to provide one-side welding of shaped welding quality can be improved.


Abstract The Mesozoic basement complex of Santa Cruz Island includes two main plutonic phases: the Alamos plagiogranite and the Willows plutonic complex. Isotopic ages of zircons indicate that the Willows complex is about 162 m.y. old, whereas the Alamos plagiogranite is 141 m.y. old. The petrography and age of the Willows plutonic complex suggest close affinities with the Coast Range ophiolite. The younger Alamos plagiogranite is puzzling, however; perhaps it represents an off-ridge addition to oceanic crust (Willows) formed about 20 m.y. earlier.


Abstract. In a group of 187 women, the result of the next pregnancy following a spontaneous first‐trimester abortion was studied, in relation to the interval between the two pregnancies. Conception within 3 months of the abortion gave no greater risk for another abortion than did conception after a longer interval (9/56 = 16% vs. 24/131 = 18%).


INTRODUCTION
In this paper, a semiautomatic image segmentation method for the serialized body slices of the Visible Human Project (VHP) is proposed.

METHOD
In our method, we first verified the effectiveness of the shared matting method for the VHP slices and utilized it to segment a single image. Then, to meet the need for the automatic segmentation of serialized slice images, a method based on the parallel refinement method and flood-fill method was designed. The ROI (region of interest) image of the next slice can be extracted by using the skeleton image of the ROI in the current slice.

RESULT
Utilizing this strategy, the color slice images of the Visible Human body can be continuously and serially segmented. This method is not complex but is rapid and automatic with less manual participation.

CONCLUSION
The experimental results show that the primary organs of the Visible Human body can be accurately extracted.


Objective To explore and discuss the clinical features of patients with heterotopic pancreas,their diagnosis and surgical treatment. Methods The therapeutic result of 21 cases admitted from January 1976 to February 2006 was reviewed retrospectively. Results Of the 21 patients,9 had heterotopic pancreas located in the duodenum,3 in the jejunum,2 in the mesenterium,and 7 in the stomach. They underwent surgery and were confirmed pathologically. Conclusion Heterotopic pancreas is extremely difficult to diagnose before operation since no specific clinical signs are seen in such patients. Once diagnosed,the patients should undergo surgery for correct diagnosis and avoid of relative complications.


ABSTRACTThe contribution of this work relates to two subjects. In the first part of the paper we present a reduced order dynamic description of mechanical (Lagrangian) systems with Acatastatic nonholonomic constraints. This development was motivated by the need for a convenient and simple dynamic model for the controller. Essentially, the new element of this development is QR-like decomposition of the constraint matrix. Following this decomposition, we have proven a new dynamic property of the considered system (see Property3). This property allows us to express the system dynamics in terms of a new reduced-order state vector. The second part of the work is concerned with development of the adaptive position/force controllers for Lagrangian systems with the Acatastatic constraints. The adaptive control law guarantees the uniform ultimate boundness of the tracking error. A detailed numerical example is presented to illustrate the developed method.


A series of new 2-chloro-5-methylpyridine-3-carbaldehyde imines 3a-o were prepared conveniently by the reaction of 2-chloro-5-methylpyridine carbaldehyde 1 and amines 2a-o in excellent yields. Introduction The imines are an important synthetic organic compounds in that they have been reported as potential herbicides, fungicides, neoplasm inhibitors, antiviral, anti convulsants, anti microbial, anti cancer & tubercular, as plant growth regulators, and also have role in biology (vision and ATP synthesis)." Pyridine Schiff bases are very good synthons for the preparation of α -nornicotin derivatives and as pesticides. The most of the Schiff base reactions are acid catalyzed and are generally carried out by re fluxing the carbonyl compounds and amines lb in a suitable solvent. Imine formation between aliphatic aldehydes & amines requires mild conditions like low temperatures. Some Schiff base preparations were carried out using titanium chloride catalyst, Lewis acids, alumina catalysts and the liberated water removal was achieved by azeotropic means, using KOH/NaOH base and also molecular sieves. fUCT Communication No. 011217 Vol. 8, No. 3, 2002 A simple and convenient preparation of 2-chloro-5 methylpyridine-3-carbaldehyde imines Results and Discussion In continuation of our work on biologically active molecules, and on pesticidal compounds, makes us here to report a simple and convenient preparation of a series of new 2-Chloro-5-methylpyridine-3-carbaldehyde derived imines. 2-Chloro-5-methyl pyridine-3-carbaldehyde was prepared by acetylating the propionaldehyde/benzylamine Schiff base and the resulting enamide was cyclized under Villsmeyer formylation conditions to give the corresponding aldehyde. Thus prepared 2-Chloro-5-methyl pyridine-3-carbaldehyde was used to synthesize a series of new imines (Schiff bases) in excellent yields. The results of these studies are arranged in Table. The general synthetic reaction is depicted in Scheme. The synthesized imines were characterized by spectral means and the spectral data is provided in experimental section.


To analyze the effects of different parameters on the flow stress,the single-pass compression experiments were carried out with deep drawing high strength steel 45K-DDQ specimens using a Gleeble1500D thermal simulator at the temperature range of 950-1200 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.01~15 s-1 under the condition of maximum deformation of 60%.Considering and combining the characteristics and best application range of the different stress models,the average deformation activation energy under the peak stress and steady-state stress conditions with the regression method were obtained.And they are respectively 318.975 kJ·mol-1 and 288.397 kJ·mol-1.Finally,the rheological peak stress model was got.The mean relative error is 1.572%,the related coefficient R is 0.9989.


In the paper,the feeder automation project was put forward based on Schneider recloser,aiming at the automation principle considering traditional recloser and its existing problems.Then the principle of feeder automation based on Schneider recloser was ana-lyzed,taking Shishan line of Dalian Zhuanghe Paotai substation to the Shuini line of Longwangmiao substation as example,and the ad-vantages and disadvantages of the feeder automation system in practice were pointed out.


In the present article, we deduce a characterization of SVN detour eccentric vertex. The concepts of SVN graph are examined. Also we
obtained some definitions SVN on a vertex like SVN detour eccentric vertex, SVN detour radius, SVN detour diameter, SVN detour
centered and SVN detour periphery. We derive some important results based on these SVN detour radius, diameter, center and
periphery.


One of the most important concepts discovered by Modern Linguistics is the concept of phoneme. I am not going to dis cuss all the steps tha t led to its conception, bu t will concen t ra te on the far-reaching effects tha t this discovery has pro duced and yet may produce in the general field of linguistic science, language teaching, and language learning. Paralleling this, we have the concept of levels, of linguis tic levels, which shows us that language, as Benjamin Lee Whorf has said, is in itself so little known, so ordinarily t aken for granted, that we know everything of it, when we a re really groping at i ts full significance. He says: "We must find out more about language! Already we know enough about it to know it is not w h a t the majority of men, lay o r scientific, th ink it is. The fact tha t we talk almost effortlessly, unaware of the exceedingly complex mechanism we are using, creates an illusion. We think we know how i t is done, tha t the re is no mystery; we have all the answers . Alas, w h a t wrong answers. I t is like the way a man 's uncorrected sense impres sions give h im a picture of the universe tha t is simple, sensible, and satisfying, bu t very wide of the t ru th" . (1 ) . The first researcher who had some glimpses of t he fact of the phoneme was Baudouin de Courtenay, who stated the fact in his book Versuch einer Theorie der phonetischen Alternationen (2 ) . He had some hints about the impending fact of t he phoneme; he arrived a t the idea tha t under certain condi tions some sounds, certain specific sounds, could a l ternate or


The present invention discloses the use of an acid copper leveler, the molecular structure of the acid copper leveler in which the anion X = Cl- or Br-; R1 = O or S or N; R2, R3, R4 = H, alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted aralkyl or substituted aralkyl group one heteroatom; said leveler applied to the acid copper adjustable surface topography of the wafer plating. On the basis of the present invention differs from the conventional dye leveling agent designed and developed a good water-soluble, non-toxic, colorless, environmentally friendly new copper leveler acid molecules, by conventional leveling agents or other leveling and having a molecular complex, a compound in an acid copper electroplating leveler, realized in the same chemical system, the deployment Comparative compound leveler concentration of molecules, to achieve an effective control of the copper plated surface topography to meet different process requirements.


T he new medical device directives (1) of the EEC establish a frame of operation in the medical device industry. The pan-European "free circulation" of medical devices presupposes a common ground of acceptance on quality and cost. The inclusion of quality in each product is a must. A "product liability directive," with the incredible amount of indemnities of 7.2 billion drachmas (US$ 35 000) discourages manufacturers from introduc ing cheap, inferior-quality products, in particular, sterile medical devices. The "medical device directives" describe in detail two ways in which a manufacturer can obtain the panEuropean passport of "free circulation" -a mark on the product, to be symbolized as the "CE mark." The first way is the old "type-testing procedure" through the existing approval organizations: device by device, country by country. The other, is the implementation of a "total quality assurance system." The quality assurance infrastructure is set and implemented by the manufacturer, and it is the function of the special registered "notified body" to access the system, once established, and at regular intervals to secure real application and operation. , The system is completely standardized and based on well-known, agreed-upon, and accepted logic, internationally. The respective standards applied are the international standards, known as ISO 9000 9004 (the respective European standards CEN 2900


Through the analysis of an anonymous Memorandum addressed to the Count-Duke of Olivares, this article studies the religious arguments that were used for the reform of the Purity of blood statutes. The main message is that these statutes conflicted with Evangelical doctrine, prevented the exercise of charity and would be a source of sin. The final result was that they were dividing and weakening the authority of the Catholic Monarchy. For these reasons, it was necessary to reform the statutes.


Antibiotics are prescribed for a considerable proportion of paediatric patients, often on an empirical basis without appropriate proof or suspicion that a bacterial infection is present. This overuse and abuse has a significant impact on both health care expenditure and development of antibiotic resistance. However, little is known on the mechanisms underlying prescribing patterns by physicians. Pharmacoeconomic data on antibiotic use in paediatrics are lacking and the correlation between prescribing patterns and resistance development is only documented for a limited number of paediatric infectious diseases. Unfortunately this information is indispensable in order to design future strategies to control health care costs and curtail resistance development. Antimicrobial practice and malpractice in paediatrics 23 Binnenwerk Van Houten def 14-03-2001 11:54 Pagina 23


Preface Introduction A Conceptual Framework: Newtonian Production Analysis Energy and Organization: The Historical Record Newtonian Production Analysis: Evidence from U.S., German and Japanese Manufacturing Energy, Growth Accounting and the Productivity Slowdown A Theory of Income Distribution The Kahn-Copithorne Hypothesis: Energy-Rent Sharing and Income Distribution The Energy Crisis, Automation and Free-Trade Automation, Off-Shore Production and the Future The Macreconomic Consequences of Automation and Off-Shore Production Conclusions Bibliography Index


Individuals reporting chronic respiratory symptoms without airflow obstruction (AFO) were originally classified as "at risk" stage (GOLD Stage 0) of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). However, this stage was removed due to lack of evidence regarding its progression to diagnosed COPD. There remain many such individuals in the population, including some already misdiagnosed with COPD despite not meeting required criteria.

This thesis aims to clarify the uncertainty around the relevance of "GOLD Stage 0". There are three systematic reviews examining the risk of developing COPD amongst GOLD Stage 0 patients, their prognosis and the prognostic factors. The independent effect of respiratory symptoms versus AFO on quality of life is examined using data from the Health Survey for England. Baseline data from the Birmingham COPD Cohort Study are used for two cross-sectional analyses, (1) comparing GOLD Stage 0 patients with those recently identified with COPD and (2) examining the characteristics of those "overdiagnosed" with COPD.

GOLD Stage 0 patients showed a similar pattern of poor health outcomes to those diagnosed with COPD. Overdiagnosis of COPD was common, particularly among GOLD Stage 0 patients. Obesity and restrictive disease were potential explanations for some overdiagnosed.

The presence of chronic respiratory symptoms has a negative impact on patients' health, regardless of the presence of diagnosed AFO.


The 1970s have begun with mounting interest in decentralising planning and in preparing and implementing plans for specific rural areas in East Africa. In Uganda an interministerial committee has been set up for a proposed programme for integrated rural development for eighteen separate gombololas (sub-countries). In Tanzania decentralisation has been sought through the Regional Development Fund and through the intended work of Regional Economic Secretaries. In addition, the programme of encouraging movement into ujamaa villages in Dodoma amounts to an attempt at a comprehensive area development programme (Rwegayura, 1971) which might become a prototype for similar endeavours elsewhere. There has been much recent discussion of regional planning in Tanzania (for instance Saylor and Livingstone, 1969; Berry and others, 1971; Tomecko and Davies, 1971) and the third volume of the Second Five-Year Plan was devoted to an attempt to decentralise and disaggregate to the regional level (Tanzania Government, 1970). In Kenya, regional physical plans have been completed or are nearly complete for the seven provinces; the Special Rural Development Programme (SRDP) has generated multi-sectoral programmes for six divisions (sub-districts) and preparatory studies for several others; and the Ndegwa Commission has recommended that both plan-making and plan-implementing be extended down to the level of the district and even of the division (Kenya Government, 1971a :112). While this is by no means a full review of the interest in developing decentralised planning, it may serve to justify the attempt which follows to assess some of the experience gained in the 1960s and more recently, to examine


[Objective]The purpose was to supply base data for monitoring,evaluation and treatment of water body in polluted environment.[Method]With Hydra magnipapillata as tested material,the acute and chronic toxicity tests of 2 kinds of pesticides acetamiprid and glyphosate at different concn.on it were developed.[Result] The LC50 of 96 h of acetamiprid and glyphosate on H.magnipapillata were 18.31 and 72.29 mg/L resp.The results from single-factor chronic toxicity test showed that as the generation number of H.magnipapillata was increased,its generation number of propagation,pesticide concn.and their interaction had significant influence on its generation time;the generation time of H.magnipapillata in pesticide solution of high concn.group was significantly longer than that of low concn.group.The results from double-factor compound chronic toxicity test indicated that as the generation number of H.magnipapillata was increased,the influence of combination pattern of the 2 pesticides on its generation time was more significant.[Conclusion] This study provided basis for evaluation on polluted water body.


Out-of-School Children (OOSC) is an alarming educational issue, not only in Nepal but globally and especially at a time when global agenda like Sustainable Development Goals have many challenges to face. It questions the existence of a large number of OOSC that poses even greater challenge to the country in the context of ensuring free and compulsory education as a fundamental right envisioned by the constitution. Though the issue of OOSC is generally raised from development perspectives as rightbased issue in developing countries like Nepal, this research is intended to understand the complexities of Out-of-School (OOS) phenomenon and its major dynamics. Applying pragmatic research paradigm with a sequential explanatory mixed methods research, a holistic understanding has been made by merging both quantitative and qualitative findings. The quantitative part was focused on generalizing the relationship between different socio economic factors and OOS event while the qualitative part intended to explore the dynamics of those factors in OOS phenomenon.


In the present specification, a method of using a non-volatile thiazolidine compound alone or in combination of volatile flavor compounds and / or reaction flavors in addition, enhance or improve the flavor of the food in general, and retort the flavor deterioration inhibiting during heat sterilization of the food, to improve its taste by suppressing the unpleasant odor during eating, simple and effective method, and suppress soybean peculiar grassy unpleasant odors in soybean available food and to improve its flavor, it is simple and effective method is disclosed.


There are various plant types in Tlos Ancient City of Fethiye district in the Province of Mugla, a city where different residential ruins of Lycia Civilization starting from Classical Age until Byzantine Period. Tlos is an important city in West-Lycia and is situated right on the control point of Lycia Way. Hedera helix L. is one of the plants living in this area, which attracts the attention as it mostly harms the ancient ruins. One of the most important reasons why Hedera helix L. is growing commonly in this region is the perfect ecological circumstances for the growth of this plant of the location where this ancient city is situated in. Additionally the fact that the ruins of the city are left on their fate, is another perfect circumstance for the Hedera helix L. to grow. Climbing or creeping stems of Hedera helix L. stick easily to the objects it touches and encircle them. Due to this characteristic, the walls of the ancient city are covered by this plant. Nevertheless, Hedera helix L. does not only harm the ancient constructions and natural rocks but also woody plants. The harm caused by dried out or cut Hedera helix L. are more than the harm caused by them when they were untouched. The subject of this study is to prove the shape and level of the harm caused by Hedera helix L. on ancient ruins of Tlos. At the same time, this study will underline the fighting methods against Hedera helix L. by comparing similar studies in other countries. Knowledge collected after this study will offer an insight into the excavation and restoration studies undertaken in all Mediterranean countries.


A simulation model and the dynamics of the forced modulation-doped heterostructure, which operates in the state far from thermodynamic equilibrium, are discussed. The numerical simulations clearly reveal that the system under an appropriate bias including DC and AC voltages exhibits expected complex dynamical behaviors. The amplitude and frequency of the externally applied microwave field are taken as the control parameters in the system. Because many nonlinear dynamical systems may have more than one possible time-asympotic final state depending on the different initial conditions, the basins of attractions of both ordinary attractor and chaotic attractor are also studied respecively. Finally, as a possible application a method based on pulse driving to control chaos in semiconductor is proposed.


The fading broadcast channel (BC) with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, channel output feedback (COF) and channel state information (CSI) is considered. Perfect CSI is available at the receivers, and unit delayed CSI along with COF at the transmitter. Under the assumption of memoryless fading, a posterior matching scheme that incorporates the additional CSI feedback into the coding scheme is presented. With COF, the achievable rates depend on the joint distribution of the fading process. Numerical examples show that the capacity region of two-user fading AWGN-BC is enlarged by COF. The coding scheme is however suboptimal since some parts of the achievable rate region are outperformed by superposition coding without COF.


Sensors can provide massive amounts of data that can be used to inform individuals of their habits, histories, and provide insight into their personal behaviors. My research looks at expanding data usage beyond the individual, so that communities and relationships can benefit from these rich datasets. One of the big challenges in this space is to find a way to share automatically collected data in a meaningful way. Sharing automatically generated data is one of the few ways that technology can support true implicit interaction, yet it is easy for generated data to feel ``spam-like'' to the recipient, leading quickly to frustration and the ignoring of messages. To shed light in this area I have conducted research in three projects; a qualitative study of how people use traditional physical artifacts to support connection, the design and deployment of CoupleVIBE a hands-free, eyes-free implicit mobile location sharing for couples, and CitiSense a mobile air-quality system for collection and sharing in communities.


The influence of Mn addition on the activation energy of dipoles of BaTiO3 was investigated using the thermal sampling method, which is thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurement technique. The results indicate that the activation energies of dipoles of Mn free and Mn doped (0.1mol%) specimens were 0.2eV and 0.4eV, respectively.


Based on a four-year ethnography, I draw on critical race theory and Bourdieuian theory of language to analyze why a Chinese Immigrant couple regarded their 1.5-Generation Chinese Canadian leaders at an evangelical Christian church as "Westerners," and how the leaders differentiated themselves from "Westerners" and "Chinese/Immigrants." I argue that language and race intersect in complicated ways to racialize Immigrants and their children differently, and linguistic nationalism as a form of structural racism permeates everyday interactions.


PURPOSE: A portable terminal, server, and control method thereof are provided to enable a user to successively execute application using a personal computer by managing user interface for the personal computer. CONSTITUTION: A movement information reporting unit(105) transmits access information to a server in order to activate application which is interlocked with a personal computer. When a sensing unit senses movement information, the movement information reporting unit transmits breakaway information in order to deactivate the application interlocked with the personal computer. In case the movement information reporting unit transmits the access information, a data processing unit(107) deactivates the application. The movement information reporting unit transmits the breakaway information, the data processing unit activates the application. The data processing unit stores processing result data in the server.


In this work epoxy based, mineral filled, thin layers are studied. Results of broadband dielectric spectroscopy ranging from -150°C to 100°C and 0.01 Hz to 1 MHz are presented. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and also X-ray diffraction were used for chemical characterization of the materials. On the base of the results, proper material candidates can be selected for a desired application.


In this paper, we hope to initiate due scientific process on some of the historical criticisms of Einstein gravitation expressed by Einstein himself as well as by others. These criticisms have remained widely ignored for one century and deal with issues such as: the apparent lack of actual, physical curvature of space due to the refraction of star-light within the Sun chromosphere; the absence of a source in the field equations due to the electromagnetic origin (rather than the charge) of gravitational masses; the lack of clear compatibility of general relativity with special relativity, interior gravitational problems, electrodynamics, quantum mechanics and grand unifications; the lack of preservation over time of numerical predictions inherent in the notion of covariance; and other basic issues. We show that a resolution of these historical doubts can be apparently achieved via the use of the novel isomathematics and related iso-Minkowskian geometry based on the embedding of gravitation in generalized isounits, with isodual images for antimatter. Thanks to half a century of prior research, we then show that the resulting new theory of gravitation, known as isogravitation, preserves indeed Einstein's historical field equations although formulated on the iso-Minkowskian geometry over isofields whose primary feature is to have null isocurvature. We then show that isogravitation allows: Einstein field equations to achieve a unified treatment of generally inhomogeneous and anisotropic, exterior and interior gravitational problems; the achievement of a clear compatibility with 20th century sciences; the achievement of time invariant numerical predictions thanks to the strict invariance (rather than covariance) of gravitation under the Lorentz-Santilli isosymmetry; the apparent achievement of a consistent representation of the gravitational field of antimatter thanks ti the isodual iso-Minkowskian geometry; the apparent achievement of a grand unification inclusive of electroweak and gravitational interactions for matter and antimatter without known causality or structural inconsistencies; and other advances. We then present, apparently for the first time, the isogravitational isoaxioms characterized by the infinite family of isotopies of special relativity axioms as uniquely characterized by the Lorentz-Santilli isosymmetry which are applicable to both exterior and interior isogravitational problems of matter with their isodual for antimatter. We finally show, also for the first time, the apparent compatibility of isogravitation with current knowledge on the equivalence principle, matter black holes and other gravitational data.


After years of policy support and market promotion, a new-type rural financial system with diversified levels and wide coverage is gradually being established in China. China is now fully implementing the national strategy for targeted poverty alleviation, quickening poverty alleviation of countryside as soon as possible. Poverty alleviation and wealthy of rural population is inseparable from development of new agricultural and construction of new rural, realization of these objectives can not be separated from effective financial support undoubtedly. As new-type of rural financial institutions that based on agriculture and rooted in grass-root, Chinese rural banks have important role in supporting rural construction and promoting effective implementation of targeted poverty alleviation and function greatly. This paper firstly analyzes development status of rural banks, and then analyzes problems it faces, finally, provides kind of ideas on future development path of rural banks. 1. Developing status of rural banks In the past ten years, if rural banks are compared with BOC, ABC, ICBC, CCB, BOCOM and other major state-owned banks as well as other local banks, they have always been marginalized. Encouraged by the Central Government's efforts to promote the construction of new countryside, and implementation of the national strategy for targeted poverty alleviation, rural banks that have not received sufficient attention before are now steadily rising in rural financial markets. The reason for its rising and increased exposure is not just because of policy boost, it's more because Chinese rural banks have gradually found positions that fit their own development needs after experiencing downturn and precipitation, in other words, only base on countryside and root in grass-root could rural banks go along healthy development paths. 2. Problems in development of rural banks In the process of new rural construction, it is of particular importance to develop rural banks greatly, as well as increase micro and low guarantee credit. In other words, only by adjusting policies, exploiting market, broadening ideas, putting development of rural banks on the table, and making use of testing, practice, strive to develop, summary and analysis, self-healing and improvement, could eventually by means of developing rural banks to make a legal, normative, inclusive rural financial industry in China, thus to realize new rural construction of China, and put the final goal for targeted poverty alleviation into practice. However, although rural banks of China develop 459 Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 206 2018 International Conference on Advances in Social Sciences and Sustainable Development (ASSSD 2018)


Demand for wearable devices, mostly powered by Li-ion batteries, has risen recently. The input voltage (VIN) varies with time due to the charging and discharging in these applications, and the output voltage (VOUT) could be higher or lower than VIN. Therefore, many multi-mode DC-DC converters have been proposed because of their flexible conversion ratio. Besides, higher efficiency can be achieved by changing modes according to the relation between VIN and VOUT. Among these converters, Three-Mode Four-Switch Non-Inverting Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter (FSNIBBC) [1 –5] is one of the most promising candidates because of its simplicity and the least passive components on PCB boards. However, when the Three-Mode FSNIBBC switches among different modes, it takes time for the control loop to settle. Undershoot and overshoot voltages can be observed during the settling time at VOUT, as illustrated in Fig. 1.a. After switching mode, the control loop gradually settles the error-amp output signal (VC) between different levels, causing the undershoot and overshoot voltage to appear. The overshoot voltage comes from the duty discontinuity in the mode boundaries, as depicted in Fig. 1.b. This undesired power supply noise in the mode transition directly causes performance degradation in most applications.


In this article, English and Uzbek folk proverbs are studied in the field of paremiology of folklore and differ from other genres of folklore with a number of peculiarities. In them, the idea is expressed in the form of a clear, complete conclusion, a concise sentence, guided by the expression of a particular sentence in a logical sequence, sharp polarity, and can be used in its own and figurative senses. In addition, the proverbs show their universal nature through the predominance of exemplary, instructive aspects.


The development of fusion as a viable power source is moving from the science driven design of experimental devices to the engineering design considerations required to develop a feasible power plant. An effective Maintenance Management Plan is essential because the time spent in maintenance is potentially very large. The Maintenance Management Plan is a wellestablished document used to control the development and execution of maintenance on plant with complex maintenance requirements, particularly those with nuclear safety aspects to satisfy the regulator that adequate systems are in place. To be effective, the EU DEMO Maintenance Management Plan must be outlined early in the plant design because it requires maintenance-oriented strategies to be defined to reduce the maintenance burden and to achieve the maintenance in a shorter time, with a low risk of failure and with simple recovery scenarios. At the concept design phase, the DEMO Maintenance Management Plan will: define the philosophy, detail the maintenance strategy, outline the design development process, define the classification of maintenance operations and the measures required to minimise the increase in maintenance burden as the design develops. Effective maintenance is mission critical to DEMO.


"The first cattle in the Pacific Northwest were brought to Nootka Sound during the tume that the Spanish Government kept an armed force there to maintain Spanish claims."


Two mulberry silkworm breeds viz., Pure Mysore and NB 4D2 were selected for the present study. Two doses of cytoplasmic polyhedral inclusion bodie s (CPIBs) i.e., 1.562 x 10 6 and 3.125 x 10 6 ml -1 were selected based on the breed susceptibility tes t and inoculated in to silkworm larvae by oral injection. The control as well as CPIBs inoculated silkworm larvae were collected daily with a regular interval of 24 h for midgut tissue collecti on. Similarly, the F 1 progeny was raised from 2.5, 5 and 10 mM ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treated silk worms. The silkworms from control as well as EMS treated sets were collected daily with a regula r interval of 24 h for midgut tissue collection. The midgut tissues of both CPIBs inoculated and the F 1 progeny raised from EMS treated silkworms were subjected for protein assay. Among the experim ental batches, the CPIBs inoculated larvae exhibited reduction in the protein level and also t here was gradual reduction as the disease progressed when compared to controls. On the other hand the silkworm batches raised from lower doses of EMS treated batches exhibited higher conce ntration of protein when compared to control as well as the silkworms treated with higher doses of EMS.


What follows is concerned with the role of the consultant. To avoid stereotyping of gender or race, this consultant will henceforward be referred to as she and should be considered as of minority ethnic origin. It is no coincidence that an improvement in the quality of life of the mentally ill has occurred at the same time as the development of psychiatry as a specialty within medicine. There has been a close association between improvement of conditions for those with mental illness and increased sophistication of psychiatry, but the paradox at present is that some well-intentioned actions aimed to help the mentally ill may in fact reverse this process and set back devel opments in patient care. One is reminded of Edmund Burke: "It is a general popular error to imagine the


This research is important to know, analyze, and get empirical evidence about the influence of due professional care, audit ethics, complexity, and audit fee on audit quality at public accounting firm (KAP) Bandar Lampung City and Palembang. The unit of analysis in this study are all public accounting firms Bandar Lampung and Palembang. The sampling method is saturated, with a total of 57 respondents with an 84% return rate. Data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (PLS) model. PLS is a structural equation model (SEM). The result of the analysis shows that professional care has a significant effect on audit quality, audit ethics has significant effect on audit quality, the complexity does not affect the quality of audit, audit fee has a significant effect on audit quality.


To determine the emodin and chrysophanol in the Maren RunchangWan,the measurement condition were used as follows: Kromacil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)column;the mobile phase consisted of methanol -0.1%phosphate solution(85∶15),at a flow rate of 1 mL/min,the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 254 nm.The calibration curve was liner over a range from 8.992×10 -3 μg to 116.896×10 -3 μg for emodin and 21.376×10 -3 ~μg to 277.858×10 -3 μg for chrysophanol. The average recovery rates for emodin and chrysophanol(n=6) were 101.56%(RSD=1.3%)and 96.78%(RSD=1.3%).


Disclose a kind of wiping composition and the wipe product containing the composition.The wiping composition contains the combination of antimicrobial and preservative enhancers, it not only provides antiseptic property, when being applied on adjacent surface, and is very suitable for making to apply substrate anti-corrosion used in composition.Particularly, it has been unexpectedly found that the composition inhibits or destroy bacterium, especially Burkholderia, or even when using the active constituent under extremely low level.


This chapter focuses on the idea of codeswitching in order to avoid incurring ethical costs and retain a sense of one's identity. It talks about how changing a person behaves as it moves between the community it is attempting to join in which the person's family and friends reside. The chapter discusses codeswitching as a strategy for strivers to navigate the ethical conflicts that arise when one is pulled in different directions by conflicting sets of social expectations. Strivers might deploy codeswitching as a way to maintain their ties to their community while adapting to the world in which educational and career opportunities reside. Playing for both sides might be thought of as a strategy to minimize the ethical costs that strivers face as they pursue upward mobility.


This article reexamines the modelling of a multiproduct cost function for a sam~leof French banks. We use the CESquadratic functional form lani interbank loans) permits an analysis of variability of the usual indicators of economies of scale and economies of scope according to the levels of credit accorded by banks. This enables us to spot regions of production efficiency and more generally to describe precisely different possible situations. Our main finding suggests that small banks (i.e.. with a level of credit for the year 1987 lower than FF 25 billion), including specialized units, benefit from large economies of scale and scope owing to the presence of fixed costs. The large units incur more or less substantial diseconomies of scale depending on the way they profit from the complementarity of different types of loans.