Some members of the counseling to board members' ignorance of coun profession have voiced their concern selor functions is the seeming lack of about the financial cutbacks being exconcern among educators for aiding perienced by guidance departments in the emotional and social development many school districts (Carroll 1973; of students. Weinstein (1973) has Carson 1973; Myrick 1973). It is noted: probably safe to assume that a num ber of these cutbacks have come about °ur ed»«tional institutions devote most because school boards often have inof their efforts toward havinS learners


The proportioning design of TLA modified asphalt mixture is carried out by GTM method and its road usage performance is inspected.Inspected results show TLA modified asphalt mixture owns a fine stability at high temp,the water stability and the impermeability.TLA modified asphalt mixture designed by GTM method possesses better applied prospect.


We are reporting two cases of glomus tumor of the cheek that we had recently encountered during the last six months. English literature is briefly reviewed. CASE REPORTS A 51-year-old male presented with an asymptomatic red right lower cheek lesion that was clinically diagnosed as a "venous lake". An excisional biopsy was performed and showed a glomus tumor (Figures A1, A2, and A3). Figure 1 Figure A1: Right check glomus tumor in a 51-year-old male Figure 2 Figure A2: Microscopic appearance Figure 3 Figure A3: Higher magnification The second case was that of a 58-year-old female with a left Glomus Tumor of the Cheek 2 of 4 check lesion that was clinically thought to be "epidermal cyst". An excisional biopsy revealed the typical features of a glomus tumor (Figures B1, B2 and B3). Figure 4 Figure B1: Left check glomus tumor in a 58-year-old female Figure 5 Figure B2: Microscopic appearance Figure 6 Figure B3: Higher magnification Microscopically both tumors showed prominent vascular spaces rimmed by a variable thickness of glomus cells (Figure 2) with dark small uniform nuclei and slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm (Figure 3). There was no mitotic activity or necrosis. COMMENT Glomus tumor is a rare benign painful tumor commonly found in the corium and subcutaneous tissue, mostly in the subungual region of the fingers. It arises from the rests of glomus bodies, which are specialized structures at arteriovenous anastomosis functioning in thermal regulation. Extradigital glomus tumor is a rare entity, especially in the location, such as cheek. In a reported study of 56 extradigital glomus tumors seen in Mayo Clinic over a period of twenty years (1985-2005), the authors found a single case occurring in the cheek [1]. Other reported sites for extradigital glomus tumors include face [2], colon [3], stomach, lung, bone, nervous system, and fallopian tubes [1]. Extradigital glomus tumors can be a diagnostic challenge for the clinicians. The characteristic symptoms of digital glomus tumors, e.g., pain, pinpoint tenderness with blunt palpation, and hypersensitivity to cold, may not be present. Excisional biopsy is usually necessary for the diagnosis as well as the treatment CORRESPONDENCE TO Deba P. Sarma, M.D. Department of Pathology Creighton University Medical School Omaha, NE 68131 email@example.com Glomus Tumor of the Cheek 3 of 4 References 1. Schiefer TK, Parker WL, Anakwenze OA, Amadio PC, Inwards CY, Spinner RJ. Extradigital glomus tumors: a 20- year experience. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006 Oct;81(10):1337-44. 2. Mounayer C, Wassef M, Enjolras O, Boukobza M, Mulliken JB. Facial "glomangiomas": large facial venous malformations with glomus cells. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Aug; 45(2):239-45. 3. Oliphant R, Gardiner S, Reid R, McPeake J, Porteous C. Glomus tumour of the ascending colon. J Clin Pathol. 2007 Jul; 60(7):846. Glomus Tumor of the Cheek 4 of 4 Author Information Bo Wang, M.D. Assistant Professor of Pathology, Creighton University Medical Center Jeff Wang, MD Resident in Pathology, Creighton University Medical Center James Shehan, MD Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Creighton University Medical Center Deba P. Sarma, MD Professor of Pathology, Creighton University Medical Center


In this paper we explore deep convolutional neural networks pretrained on ImageNet along with transfer learning mechanism to detect if an area has been a ected by a ood in terms of access. We worked in two tasks with di erent datasets. The rst dataset contains images from social media and the goal is to identify direct evidence for passability of roads by conventional means. The second dataset contains high resolution satellite imagery of partially ooded areas and the goal is to identify sections of roads that are potentially blocked. For both tasks, we used visual information only and our best models achieved averaged F1-Score value of 64.81% on the rst task and 73.27% on the second task.


The efficient utilisation of allocated spectrum for mobile and wireless communication systems has become an important issue due to the increasing number of users and services. Distortion and interference impedes high bit rate transmission and degrades spectrum efficiency by allowing fewer channels in the available bandwidth. Increasing the talk time of mobile equipment requires extending the battery life. The power amplifier is one of the most non- linear and power consuming parts in a transceiver. Extensive research has been carried out on several amplifier linearization schemes to force these devices to deliver maximum efficiency while generating less distortion. The importance of linearity has increased with the introduction of third generation systems and Software Defined Radio concept. These applications require excellent linearity together with broadband operation, which are contradictory properties and achieving one without compromising the other is a challenging task. This book presents harmonic injection and analog polynomial predistortion techniques as potential solutions to these challenges in RF/microwave amplifier design.


Contents: Passenger Airlines: Competition policy in European aviation markets, Carsten Bermig Business models in the airline sector - evolution and perspectives, Thomas Bieger and Sandro Agosti Consolidating the network carrier business model in the European airline industry, Stefan Auerbach and Werner Delfmann From production-orientation to customer-orientation - modules of a successful airline differentiation strategy, Kim Flenskov Strategic airline positioning in the German Low Cost Carrier (LCC) market, Thorsten Klaas and Joachim Klein Low cost carriers in Southeast Asia: a preliminary analysis, Mark Goh The future of Continental traffic programme: how Lufthansa is countering competition from no-frills airlines, Christoph Klingenberg Competitive dynamics theory - application to and implications for the European aviation market, Caroline Heuermann. Alliances: Cooperation and integration as strategic options in the airline industry - a theoretical assessment, Thomas Fritz Interface management in strategic alliances, Matthias Graumann and Marcus Niedermeyer Synergy allocation in strategic airline alliances, BjA rn GA tsch and Sascha Albers The effect of high-level alliance formation on the profitability of participating airline carriers, Jens RA hle Marriages and divorces: strategic alliances in the networked economy - the case of Air New Zealand, Kathryn Pavlovich. Airports:Forces driving industry change - impacts for airports' strategic scope, Robert J. Aaronson The airport of the future against the backdrop of dramatic changes in the aviation sector, Michael Garvens Internationalization strategies for airport companies, Benjamin Koch and Sven Budde Evaluating airport cooperation and acquisition strategies, Andrea Pal and Wolfgang Weil The role of intermodal transportation in airport management, Hans G. Fakiner. Air Cargo: Reflecting the prospects of an air cargo carrier, Andreas Otto Drivers of alliance formation in the air cargo busi


The title compound exhibits exceptionally weak intermolecular C—H⋯π hydrogen bonding of the ethynyl groups, with the corresponding H⋯π separations [2.91 (2) and 3.12 (2) Å] exceeding normal vdW distances. This bonding compliments distal contacts of the CH (aliphatic)⋯π type [H⋯π = 3.12 (2)–3.14 (2) Å] to sustain supramolecular layers.


Charles Y. Glock's article, "Images of God and Man," in the March, 1972 issue of this journal, and Richard K. Fenn's article, "Toward a New Sociology of Religion," in the same issue, set forth stimulating and alternative approaches to scientific inquiry into religious phenomena. The sociology of religion for a long time has been witness to considerable controversy over the question of how to define and understand religious behavior. These two articles contain in miniature some of these divergences. The purpose of Fenn's article is to argue for a position that social differentiation and cultural pluralism diminish the likelihood of pressures toward cultural uniformity. His polemic is directed especially toward those who would contend that religion functions as the mainstay of cultural integration. Automated technologies and a highly differentiated division of labor militate against pressures toward cultural uniformity. Instead, they fragment the culture into discrete and pluralistic clusters of value, each with limited scope and influence. Given this situation, there is little chance that traditional religious symbols will provide the basis of integration for whole societies (pp. 18-21). Differentiation undermines once and for all the integrative power not only of traditional religious values and symbols, but of all other values and symbols as well. In this way, Fenn denies the possibility that any "functional alternative" to religion could furnish the basis of total societal integration. He sums up the fate of religious beliefs in modern society this way: "The effects of pluralism and the mass media combine to reduce beliefs to opinions and matters of ultimate commitment to matters of personal preference. Pressures toward uniformity are therefore highly. anachronistic and unsuccessful" (p. 21). What is the future of religion in such a society? First of all, Fenn states that "a point of no return has been reached in which religious change may occur quite


This paper deals with the effect of different stabilizing techniques on the evolution
of the volatiles in rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and thyme ( Thymus officinalis
L.) cultivated in Sardinia during nine months of storage. Fresh leaves were collected
and soon divided in four batches, which were subjected to hydro distillation and
GC-MS analysis, the first batch as fresh, the second one after drying in a laboratory
pilot dryer, the third after freezing in a forced air freezer and the fourth after
freeze drying in a laboratory freeze dryer.
AlI the samples were adequately packaged and stored. Samples for analysis
were taken at 3 months intervals. The fresh, stabilised and stored plant material
were hydro distilled for 4 hours using a Clevenger-type. The oils were analysed
in duplicate by gas chromatography, using a flame ionization detector. Qualitative
analysis was done by GC /Mass and mass units were monitored from 10 to
450 at 70 eV.
Results of the evolution of volatile compounds of the differently samples seem
to evidence that the best way to stabilize the herbs is freezing.


Objective To study the patients with functional gastrointestinal disease in capsule endoscopy examination before taking medicine to promote gastrointestinal dynamics for the diagnosis of capsule endoscopy, gastrointestinal rotation time and check the influence of the completion, and promote gastrointestinal medicine in the value of capsule endoscopy. Methods From May 2012 to May 2012 to our hospital for treatment of 80 patients with suspected small bowel diseases as the research object, 40 cases randomly divided into control group and experimental group 40 cases. Before do capsule endoscopy examination, control group patients not taking drugs; while the experimental group patients before do capsule endoscopy examination to promote gastrointestinal drugs Mosapride, a dose of 10 mg. Observe and record two groups of patients in capsule endoscopy, gastrointestinal rotation time, analysis and compare the two groups of patients the diagnostic positive rate of the small bowel examination, as well as completion. Results The average gastric emptying time in patients younger than the control group, check the completion and high diagnostic rate, significant difference comparing the two groups was statistically significant(P0.05). Conclusion Capsule endoscopy before taking to promote gastrointestinal medicine can effectively improve the whole small intestine inspection completion and diagnostic rate of gastric emptying time, in capsule endoscopy has a high application and popularization value.


The digital construction of university archives is the only way of archives development nowadays and of the times need.However,many factors have restricted the development of university archives digital construction,which include the incompatibility of office automation system,archives administration system,the insecurity of electronic document and so on.Therefore,sharing resources,building up a transverse(horizontal) passage,linking up the official system and constructing a professional team become very necessary for the development of universtiy archives.


Abstract It is demonstrated that factors needed to conduct tests and form confidence intervals for the ratio of two normal variances can be found using one of the new desk calculators which compute F probabilities.


Textbooks on gynecology and obstetrics often give the impression that the diagnosis of unruptured ectopic pregnancy is comparatively simple and that recognition of the condition after rupture or tubal abortion is made simple by the development of a train of signs and symptoms unvarying in their course and apparent at a glance to a trained observer. Unfortunately, this is not often true; and even in the hands of the masters, the diagnosis of unruptured ectopic pregnancy is more marked by the high percentage of error than by the frequency with which a correct diagnosis is made. REPORT OF CASE This case well illustrates the difficulty of diagnosis sometimes encountered and a complication which fortunately is rare: Aug. 15, 1930, I was consulted by a woman, aged 25, who had been married for seven years. Her complaint was vaginal bleeding. Her past history was unimportant, except for an operation one year


The sub-basin of «Alcolea de Calatrava~ (Ciudad Real, Spain) is composed exclusively of Neogene and Quaternary deposits, the first consisting of detrital, palustrine and lacustrine materials, notably influenced by the volcanism of the region (volcanism of «Campo de Calatrava»). These Neogene materials have been arranged in three informal stratigraphic units: detrital, carbonate and detrital-carbonate; which follows one another in a gradual way except the latter, limited underneath by a discontinuity related to volcanic collapses. Altogether these units represent a sedimentary succession which starts with the accumulation of alluvial fan deposits that evolve laterally and vertically to marshy sediments with more or less subaerial exposure features and finally to lacustrine sediments of small extent, which correspond to ancient ponds installed inside the depressions formed by volcanic collapses. The important mammal locality of «Las Higueruelas » is located in one of these depressions.


The precise mechanisms of the migraine attack are unknown. One hypothesis is that the aura of classical migraine is caused by vasospasm-induced cerebral ischemia, and the headache by increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) from the consequent cerebral acidosis (1). Reports of spreading oligemia during the migraine attack, perhaps secondary to the spreading depression of Leao, have cast doubt on this hypothesis (2). Cerebral metabolic studies have been performed too infrequently to resolve the controversial CBF findings. Therefore, we studied brain high-energy phosphate metabolism and intracellular pH (pH.) in migr@e patients using the recently developed technique of in vivo 31Phohphorus ( P) NMR spectroscopy. Methods The patient groups consisted of 12 patients with common migraine (mean age 37.2 f 12.0 standard deviation, S.D.) of which 100% were female and 8 patients with classic migraine (mean age 37.1 f 13.2 S.D.) of which 75% were female. Results from these patients were compared with those of 27 normal subjects (mean age 45.1 f 17.6 S.D.) 65% of which were female, Eleven patients were studied during a migraine attack between three and 48 hours of the headache onset. The remaining nine were studied interictally. Spectroscopy was performed using a whole body 1.89 Tesla 60 cm clear bore superconducting magnet with an Oxford Research Systems (ORS)/Bruker Biospec console. Confirmation of the signal source was obtained by topical magnetic resonance (TMR). A 7 cm diameter single turn surface coil was used to obtajq signal from a 4 cm spherical source of cerebrum. P NMR spectra were obtained using a 200 msec pulse-length (150 watts) and a spectral width of 4 KHertz with 4K data points, The resulting acquisition time was 0.512 seconds. A recycle delay of 1 second was used giving a total interpulse interval of 1.512 seconds. A total of 256 transients was acquired. Spectral peaks were obtained for phosphomonoesters (PME), inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphodiesters (PDE), phosphocreatine (PCr) and the y, a, P-phosphates of 5'-adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The contribution of each of the peaks in relation to the total phosphorus (TP) spectrum was determined by dividing the area under each peak by the sum of all areas expressed as ratios (mole %). The PCr/Pi ratio was used as a measure of the phosphorylation potential of the tissue. Signal areas of each peak were calculated using triangulation. Intracellular pH was calculated from the chemical shift (6) between the PCr and Pi resonances using the formula: 63.29 5.586 pH = 6.77 + log


Various methods of vibrational spectroscopy are being employed to study the interaction and behavior of catalytically important species on both single crystal and high area catalytic surfaces. A number of interrelated themes are being investigated as shown below.


The chemical changes that occurred in two copper-based catalysts (Cu-ZSM-5 and Cu-Al2O3) during the selective reduction of NO with propene in the presence of oxygen were studied using in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). For the quantitative analysis of the XANES spectra, a mathematical procedure based on evolving factor analysis (EFA) has been applied. Correlation with catalytic data shows that copper is fully oxidized in both systems when the conversion of propene is complete and the conversion of NO to N2 reaches its maximum value. The XANES analysis together with comparison of the catalytic behavior of Cu-ZSM-5 with Cu-Al2O3 and Cu-SiO2 systems indicates that the rate limiting step of the reaction takes place on cupic oxides (although other species may also participate). This conclusion is of general significance because it establishes the physical basis for the role of Cu in selective catalytic reduction of NO by hydrocarbons; this explains the recently recognized fact that zeolitic ...


Context: Non-invasive ventilation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is performed at home, after a brief period of training in the hospita...


In this process blind sources are analyzed independently and the independent component analysis separates the underlying sources from the given mixture. Before to this process many more methods are used for blind sources they have non-Gaussian and sample dependences, this method can exploit both properties jointly. This proposed system uses mutual information rate that is used to analysis and derivation of algorithms. In this process, two types of source models are used for entropy rate estimation they are Markovian and another one is invertible filter model that gives the general independent component analysis (ICA). Under the Markovian source model, the entropy rate equals the difference between two joint entropies. Under the invertible filter source model, the source is generated by an invertible filter that is driven independently and identically distributed random process, the entropy rate of the source equals the entropy of the driving process under some constraints. The proposed Fast ICA algorithm is presented for Entropy estimation by using MATLAB2009 Software.


Introduction: Cervical cancer associated with Papillomaviruses has been suggested as the most common cancer and a big problem around the world, especially in developing countries. Different genotypes of Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) especially high risk genotypes are considered as the main cause of this cancer and other human cancers such as genital track, skin, head and neck and etc. This study was performed with aim to increase the awareness about the structure, pathogenesis and diagnosis of papillomaviruses. Methods: In this review study, valid internal and external databases and the related keywords were used. In this study, it has been tried to use the published article in these scientific databases and evaluate the role of different Papillomaviruses genotypes in causing infections such as cervical cancer and diagnostic methods for genotyping of these viruses. Results: Increasing knowledge about the important and basic role of Papillomaviruses in causing cancers will lead to improvement of novel molecular diagnostic methods along with molecular biomarkers in genotyping of Papillomaviruses. Conclusion: Increasing rate of genital infections, sexually transmitted diseases and cancers caused by micro-organisms, especially HPV demands the cooperation of international communities to do more comprehensive studies, especially in developing countries. Public education, development of classic screening along with diagnostic novel methods will be the best tool to determine the policies in medical and preventive strategies such as vaccine against the cancers related to Papillomaviruses.


The present invention relates to communication technologies, and particularly relates to a method and apparatus for sharing electronic calendar, wherein the shared electronic calendar method comprising: receiving a sharing condition set by the user transmitted from the transmitting end; according to the sharing condition, judges whether the transmission shared client request to create an electronic calendar events invited user terminals; invited user terminal when the condition satisfies the shared, the shared electronic calendar events to the invited user terminals. According to the present invention sharing condition set by the user to determine whether the shared electronic calendar events to the invited user, and then find the exact needs of the electronic calendar events that a user is invited to an electronic calendar events.


The aims of this book are to set out in detail the rules governing termination as a remedy for breach of contract in English law, to distil the very complex body of law on the subject to a clear set of principles, and to apply the law in a practical context. This book is divided into four parts. The first section sets out to analyse what is involved in termination and looks at some of the difficulties surrounding the topic, before going on to explain the evolution of the present law and its main principles. The second section provides a thorough analysis of the two key topics of breach and termination. The third section addresses the question when the right to terminate for breach arises. And the fourth and final section considers the consequences of the promisee's election whether to terminate or not. The final chapter examines the legal consequences of affirmation, once again both with regard to the promisee and the promisor, with particular emphasis on the extent of the promisee's right to enforce the performance of the contract by way of an action for an agreed sum or an action for specific performance.


The resistance profile of the Klebsiella pneumoniae were left undone despite the increasing prevalence rate of this organism in urinary tract infections (UTI) and its role in antibiotic resistance. The current study was undertaken to know the antibiotic sensitivity profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae, isolated from patients suffering from UTI in our medical college. The study was carried out over a period of 3 years from January 2010 to December 2012. Urine specimens from both outpatients and inpatients of our hospital were processed. Females were more frequently affected than males. (P>0.05 ) The most active antimicrobial agent against K. pneumoniae were piperacillin- tazobactum (72% sensitive), and amikacin (61%). One hundred and fifty two (97.4%) of all the isolates were multi-drug resistant. To conclude, this study stresses the importance of prior knowledge of the sensitivity pattern of the pathogen , before prescribing an antimicrobial agent for a meaningful therapy and to avoid fast emergence of resistant mutants.


Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a popular method for high data rate wireless transmission. OFDM may be merged with antenna arrays at the transmitter and receiver to increase the diversity gain and/or to heighten the system capacity on time-variant and frequency-selective channels, resulting in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) configuration. The IEEE 802.11n standard based on the MIMO OFDM system provides a very high data throughput from the original data rate of 54 Mb/s to the data rate in excess of 600 Mb/s, because the technique of the MIMO can increase the data rate by extending an OFDM-based system. However, the IEEE 802.11n standard also increases the computational and the hardware complexities greatly, compared with the current Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standards. It is a challenge to realize the physical layer of the MIMO OFDM system with minimal hardware complexity and power consumption especially the computational complexity in VLSI implementation. The Fast Fourier Transform / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (FFT/IFFT) processor is one of the highest computationally complex modules in the physical layer of the IEEE 802.11n standard. However to improve the signal processing capability and to reduce the power consumption as well as the hardware cost of a FFT processor have become challenging targets. In this paper present a pipelined Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) / Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processor for the applications in a MIMO OFDM based IEEE 802.11n WLAN baseband processor is presented. High throughput, memory reduction, low power and complex multiplier reduction are achieved by using higher mixed radix FFT in MIMO-OFDM. The mixed-radix 4/2 with bit reversal FFT architecture is proposed to design the prototype FFT/IFFT processor for MIMO-OFDM systems. The proposed processor with minimal hardware complexity reduces the power consumption.


A significant portion of the remaining oil reserves of the Brent field in the northern North Sea are located in a crestal zone of complex faulting and collapse, usually referred to as the Brent slumps. This zone, consisting of a series of strike-elongate fault-blocks with widths of about 150m, separated by faults with throws of up to 200 ft, is at present being developed by means of horizontal wells, of which two have been drilled so far.


The invention discloses a projection type LED automobile high beam. The high beam is characterized in that: the high beam comprises four high-power LEDs, each of which is made of a single chip; the high beam is provided with four reflection planes, each LED corresponds to a different reflection plane, the direction of the central emergent light emitted by each LED is perpendicular to the corresponding reflection plane, the first reflection plane and the second reflection plane are symmetric based on the datum axis of the high beam, both the first reflection plane and the second reflection plane make the angle Delta of 75 to 86 degrees with the datum axis of the high beam, the third reflection plane and the fourth reflection plane are symmetric based on the datum axis of the high beam, and both the third reflection plane and the fourth reflection plane make the angle Beta of 77 to 87 degrees with the datum axis of the high beam. Since the light of the high beam is concentrated, the projection angle is small, and the distance is long. The high beam can replace conventional automobile high beams.


This paper focused on antagonism of lactic acid bacteria(Lab).Two sides were discussed.One was about Lab against microbial pathogens;the other was Lab against Lab.The mechanism causing antagonism was stated based on the release of antagonistic compounds during the growth of Lab.This paper may help human to develop application on Lab.


Signal processing requires the efficient representation and processing of data. In an emerging trend the compressed signals gives the collection of linear projections of a sparse signal and information for reconstruction. In this paper, we propose that an application of compressed sensing in the field of signal processing, particularly electroencephalogram (EEG) collection and storage. The proposed framework is based on the EEG signals are sparse in a Gabor frame. Gabor frames are commonly used in science and engineering to synthesize signals from, or to decompose signals into, building blocks which are localized in time and frequency. The sparsity of EEG signals in a Gabor frame is utilized for compressing the signals. The matching pursuit algorithm is shown to be effective in the recovery of the original EEG signals from a small number of projections. The OMP algorithm improves the efficiency of finding the frequency-time atoms and rapid noise rectification. The experiments results are investigated up to 100 iterations and reduction of noise in weak signals. Index Terms Signal processing, Electroencephalography, Signal Reconstruction, Sampling, Orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm


Various embodiments are disclosed on service strategy communication systems and methods. In some embodiments, the central open transaction billing system comprising: a communication device, wherein said communication device is configured to perform the payment transaction server component for receiving from a charging request; and a transaction server wherein the transaction server is programmed a set of credentials, and the communication device and the transaction server network communications.


This paper chooses the present situation of humen resource and salary system in science technology department of some city commercial banks in Sichuan province as its research subject.Based on the broadband theory,in accordance with the features of the department such as its technology basis,high cost of talent replacement,diversified demand of staff on different levels,this paper puts forward a " semi-broadband" salary system with a combination of annual salary for the management,leveled salary for IT engineers and leveled salary for ordinary personnels.It also establishes an evaluation system in a bid to offer some references for human resource management in city commercial banks.


A combination of anterior dislocation of the shoulder with fracture of the ipsilateral humeral shaft fracture is very rare, and only cases were reported. Prompt diagnosis and reduction of the shoulder dislocation should be done as soon as possible. However, the coexistent ipsilateral humeral shaft fracture often makes closed reduction unsuccessful. We present a case of shoulder anterior dislocation and greater tubercle avulsion fracture with concomitant ipsilateral humeral shaft fracture. Closed reduction for shoulder dislocation was successful by applying traction force directly to the proximal humeral fracture end while open reduction and internal fixation for humeral shaft fracture was carried out. The fracture healed at 6th month postoperatively. One year later, the patient returned to labor work with full range of motion the shoulder joint.


Objective To investigate the current situation of knowledge of stroke rehabilitation among Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) physicians in 14 tertiary A-level hospitals. Methods A cross section survey was conducted in 14 tertiary A-level hospital in China in May, 2012. A total of 128 TCM physicians completed the questionnaire, which was created according to Medical Care Guideline of Stroke Rehabilitation in China. Results Overall accuracy of stroke rehabilitation basic knowledge was 66.83%, 88.77% of stroke rehabilitation evaluation, 75.12% of stroke rehabilitation treatment. Conclusion The knowledge of stroke rehabilitation is insufficient among TCM physicians in tertiary A-level hospitals, and further training is needed.


This paper presents an audio watermarking scheme that ensures the efficient of robustness-distortion ratio and a pleasing amount of capacity. Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) method synergism along with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and Cartesian to Polar Transformation (CPT) to emphasize copyright protection for harmonical work of art. DWT synergism along with DCT, SVD, and CPT to emphasize copyright protection for harmonical work of art. The system establishes with DWT that divides the signal within a specific range of frequency, alter it to the frequency domain by DCT, partite with mathematical processing SVD, and transform the peculiar value of matrix-S to polar value using CPT, furthermore, QIM embed the watermark into the angular value from the CPT. The system performance is astonishing, tested using 4 different audio host signal and evaluated considers to desirable Bit Error Rate (BER) <0.025, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)>21dB, a great amount of data payload that is 525 bit per second, and the noise caused by watermark is inaudible. All of the experiments, trials, and results show that the designed audio watermarking system is robust and imperceptible.


This article analyses how Turkey should orient its grand strategy under the changing international order. It claims that the international order has undergone a significant transformation that is pushing Turkey to relocate its international position. First, the article analyses the characteristic features of the changing dynamics of the international system; it then sheds light on the new aspects of Turkey's changing strategic landscape. By taking into consideration the transformation in Turkish foreign and security policy since the Arab Uprising, the article argues that Turkey needs a basis for determining what is important and what is not, what the primary threats to the nation's interests are, and how best to serve those interests in a way that is attentive to the costs and risks it is willing to bear. Our aim in this article is to describe how Turkey can deal with the new reality of the international system and pursue and protect its important interests by developing a comprehensive grand strategy.


At present, the CFD numerical simulation, combined with an experiments involving heat transfer has become an important approach to studying coal carbonization. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how a standard CFD package may be modified so it can be used to simulate temperature distribution, coking time and carbonization processes that occur in coke oven charge. Content of volatile matters and moisture have important influence on heating rate during carbonization. Further, heating rate have effects on char structure an inner coking condition, as well as the carbonization time. In addition, furnace wall temperature have important effects on carbonization, because they can change the coking time. Our simulation results for the coke oven model are in agreement with experimental and virtual data.


A precursor composition Ziegler-Natta catalyst comprising the reaction product spray drying a homogeneous solution comprising (a) a magnesium compound, (b) a titanium compound which is non-metallocene, and (c) hafnium compound which is non-metallocene, wherein the molar ratio of Mg / Ti / Hf is x / 1 / y, wherein x is 2 to 10 and y is from greater than 0 to 10, or the magnesium compound is magnesium dichloride, the titanium compound is titanium halide and the hafnium compound is hafnium halide.


We establish (i) stability of Lyapunov exponents and (ii) convergence in probability of Oseledets spaces for semi‐invertible matrix cocycles subjected to small random perturbations. The first part extends results of Ledrappier and Young to the semi‐invertible setting. The second part relies on the study of evolution of subspaces in the Grassmannian; the analysis developed here is based on higher‐dimensional Möbius transformations and is likely to be of wider interest. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Treatment of the Cr−Cr singly-bonded dimers [η5-RC5H4Cr(CO)3]2 (1, R = MeCO; 2, R = MeO2C; 3, R = EtO2C) with excess sulfur in refluxing THF gave the cubane Cr4S4 clusters (η5-RC5H4)4Cr4S4 (4, R = MeCO; 5, R = MeO2C; 6, R = EtO2C). The cubane Cr4S4 cluster 4 reacted with excess 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to produce the hydrazone derivative [η5−2,4-(NO2)2C6H3NHN=C(Me)C5H4]4Cr4S4 (7). The singly-bonded dimers of [η5-RC5H4Cr(CO)3]2 (8, R = Me; 9, R = EtO2C), in the presence of excess selenium, reacted similarly to the linear Cr2Se complexes [η5-RC5H4Cr(CO)2]2Se (10, R = Me; 11, R = EtO2C), which reacted with an equimolar quantity of selenium to afford the cubane Cr4Se4 clusters (η5-RC5H4)4Cr4Se4 (12, R = Me; 13, R = EtO2C). A particularly interesting phenomenon is the cross-assembled reaction of the linear Cr2Se complexes [η5-MeC(O)C5H4Cr(CO)2]2Se (14) and [CpCr(CO)2]2Se (15) in the presence of excess selenium in THF that gave rise to a series of cubane Cr4Se4 clusters [η5-MeC(O)C5H4]nCp4−nCr4Se4 (16, n = 0; 17, n = 1; 18, n = 2; 19, n = 3; 20, n = 4). The possible pathway for the cross-assembled reaction is suggested. Furthermore the new clusters were characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopy, and in the case of 4−6 and 16 also by X-ray diffraction techniques. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)


Three-dimensional computer modeling software is becoming an increasingly important application to modern artists, designers, engineers, architects, and even laypersons. Where modeling applications were once extremely expensive and complex—available only to large businesses and institutions—recent advances in commodity computer hardware and the spread of consumer demand now places these applications within the reach of a much wider audience. Although commercial modeling applications are powerful, their interfaces are complex and unintuitive to artists and designers. Furthermore, most lack the ability to quickly create models in the early stages of design. The 3-D modeling and user interface research fields have begun to address these issues with sketch-based modeling interfaces, which purport to allow users to quickly sketch simple models, often combining modeling methods based on traditional physical artistic techniques, and utilizing drawing input from a digitizing tablet. Sketch-based modeling research has made a great deal of progress. However a survey of current techniques reveals three reoccurring areas of oversight. (1) Most modeling interfaces attempt to mimic a specific artistic medium or technique— providing the user with an uneasy facsimile of the original, and the system with impoverished 3-dimensional input. (2) Many interfaces place too little consideration on the user's necessarily 2-dimensional experience of the modeling process. And, (3) Projects that utilize a digitizing tablet focus only on positional input and ignore the rich source of additional dynamic physical pressure, hover, and tilt information provided by the tablet hardware. To address these shortcomings, a sketch-based modeling prototype application and modeling interface were developed that focus on the cognitive aspect of the traditional sketching process, rather than on a specific technique. The system uses sketching strokes drawn onto user-adjustable 2-dimensional drawing surfaces


Channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)were inoculated intraperitoneally with Aeromonas veronii JF490063strain at 0.1mL/tail or immersed in water with concentration of bacteria at 8×107 CFU/mL, respectively,then were slaughtered at 1h,2h,6h,12h,24h,48h,72hand 96hafter inoculation.Tissues were processed to prepare for paraffin sections,and stained using haematoxylin and eosin,and immunohistochemistry to determine pathogens.In the immersed-in-water group,positive signals appeared firstly in the gill at 2h,then in the kidney and spleen at 6h,seldom positive signals in the liver and brain.In the intraperitoneally-inoculated group,positive signals appeared firstly in the kidney and spleen at 2h,then in the liver,and no positive signals were observed in the gill.Immunohistochemistry still showed a similar distribution between two groups,and positive signals mainly scattered in phagocytic cells,blood,necrotic zone, interstitial cells and parenchyma such as parenchyma,caused systemic inflammation,organs denaturation and necrosis,and no signals were present in the skin,muscle,the heart,intestinal and eyes.The results showed that the infection route was diversified,A.veronii JF490063through the gill into the in natural environment,and the kidney,spleen and liver were the main targets during infection.These targets may underlie the pathogenesis of the naturally occurring disease.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the micro-local structure and to calculate, by constructing the holonomy diagrams, the δ-functions (See [2]) of irreducible regular prehomogeneous vector spaces (See [1]). Since we know the relation of 6-functions with respect to castling transformations (See § 12), it is enough to calculate them only when they are reduced. In this paper, we shall deal with twenty of all twenty nine reduced regular P.V.'s in the Table in [1]. Together with other articles, this completes the list of 6-functions of irreducible reduced regular prehomogeneous vector spaces (See § 12) except (SL(S) X GL(4), Λ2 ® Au V(10) (x) V(4)) which is the most complicated case (See I. Ozeki [11]). This paper consists of the following twelve sections and one Appendix with I. Ozeki.


This paper presents a finite element analysis of hybrid fiber reinforced polymer (FRP)-concrete- steel double-skin tubular columns (FSDTs). This FSDT consists of a concrete wall sandwiched between an outer FRP tube and an inner steel tube. LS-DYNA was used to develop a pushover analysis of three-dimensional FSDT models to simulate seismic loading. Finite element (FE) models were validated against the experimental results gathered from seven FSDT columns tested under cyclic loading. The FE results were in good agreement with the experimental backbone curves. The maximum error was 9% in predicting the bending strengths of the columns. This study revealed that the behavior of FSDTs is quite complex. It also revealed that this behavior is controlled by the interactions that occur between the steel tube's stiffness, the concrete wall's stiffness, and the FRP hoop's stiffness. Local buckling occurred in all of the specimens examined. This buckling caused the FSDT system to rupture. Two modes of failure were defined: steel/concrete compression failure and FRP rupture. Compression failure was relatively gradual while failure due to FRP rupture was quite abrupt. However, the bending strength could be simply calculated with a good accuracy, more than 80%, using sectional analysis based on Navier-Bernoulli's assumptions and strain compatibility concepts.


This research was motivated by questions regarding the comparison of the financial performance of state-owned banks and the national private. In this study, the object of the case study was PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk, owned by the Government which has an asset value of 1,017 trillion Rupiah, with PT Bank Central Asia, Tbk, owned by the National Private Company with an asset value of 783 trillion Rupiah. After calculating the overall results, both PT BCA Tbk Bank, and PT BRI (Persero) Tbk bank could be categorized as healthy banks, even though the LDR, NPL, ROE and BOPO values were from PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk, greater than PT Bank Central Asia, Tbk, and the ROA and CAR values of PT BCA, Tbk were higher than that of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk.


OBJECTIVES
To report a case of unilateral ureteral obstruction associated with giant retroperitoneal urinoma which was treated successfully by percutaneous drainage.

METHODS
A 19G ultrasound guided needle was introduced into the mass and after dilatation procedure, a 14 Fr nephrostomy catheter was placed and 5.5 of liquid were drained.

RESULTS
Drainage from the nephrostomy catheter stopped 24 hours later. Patient was discharged with the nephrostomy tube. One week later, on control tomography, absence of left renal suprahilar posteromedial focal cortical contour was seen.

CONCLUSIONS
A minor cortical or forniceal rupture with no urinary extravasation on radiographic examination is thought to be the cause of this urinoma. Percutaneous drainage may be considered as an alternative treatment option to surgical intervention in the treatment of urinomas, especially when there is no persistent ureteral obstruction or communication between the collecting system and the urinoma.


This study aims to determine how the counting, recording, and reporting of tax made by the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the region of Semarang as the implementation of self assessment system.Samples were obtained from the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs Semarang. Sample was selected using a convenience sampling a number of 126 SMEs. While using descriptive qualitative data analysis. The results showed that the taxpayer has an understanding of the tax laws relating to the rate and time of payment of taxes. In fact, SMEs often have overpaid or underpaid in the taxation process. Steps to be done is to adjust our transaction overpayments or underpayments, although not in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards of Business Entities Without Public Accountability. Keywords : Self Assessment System, Income Tax, Small Medium Entrepresis (SMEs)


The electromagnetic environment is becoming increasing cluttered and complex, therefore the need to perform operations such as modulation recognition on wide bandwidth signals in real time is becoming crucial. Deep learning solutions have shown state-of-the-art performance for modulation recognition, however they are computationally expensive. In this paper we address this demand on resources by applying Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) to the problem of modulation recognition. We demonstrate that QNN implementations of state-of-the-art Neural Networks (NNs) with different bit widths achieve varying levels of performance, on both our own 10 class dataset (up to 80% classification accuracy) and the open source 24 class DeepSig dataset (up to 75% classification accuracy at 10dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)). We then explore the accuracy-hardware trade-off of scaling NN size and bits when using QNNs. It was found that scaling the NN size had similar accuracy-hardware trade-offs as scaling the NN bits. However, 1-bit NNs had an unfavorable trade-off, therefore suggestions are made on how to improve the 1-bit NN architecture and training procedure. To demonstrate the potential benefits of low-precision quantized NNs and encourage further work we propose novel optimizations for 1bit and 2bit QNNs in FPGAs and ASICs that eliminate the need for weights memory and simplify the hardware required to implement a QNN. This provides further savings in hardware, allowing QNNs to provide favorable accuracy-hardware trade-offs, and supports the implementation of significantly larger NNs with a throughput of 100s of millions of inferences per second.


and Implications Whole-genome or genomic selection is based on associations of large number of markers across the genome with phenotype but will require use of small SNP panels to be cost effective in chickens. The potential loss of accuracy of genotyping selection candidates with an evenly-spaced low-density marker panel and imputation of high-density SNP genotypes was evaluated in a commercial broiler chicken line. Several methods were used to estimate marker effects. The loss in accuracy was less than 5% for different methods and traits. Thus, genomic selection using evenlyspaced low-density marker panels is a cost-effective choice for implementation of genomic selection.


Nuclear energy has been used as a source of clean energy with many benefits. Nevertheless, it is still addressed with prejudice. The atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II (1945), the Three Mile Island accident (1979), Chernobyl accident (1986), the crash of the cesium-137 in Goiânia, Brazil (1987), and the accident in Fukushima (2011) may have been responsible for the negative image of nuclear energy. Researches on education have been conducted with students concerning the conceptual and practical issues of nuclear energy. This work aims to review the literature about nuclear energy education around the world in both, elementary school and high school. Since most educational researches on nuclear energy were published after 1980, this literature review covered the researches that have been published since 1980. The data were presented in chronological order. The results from the literature review provided a clear visualization of the global nuclear energy educational scenario, showing that the theme is still addressed with prejudice due to an incorrect view of nuclear energy and a limited view of its benefits. Concerning the science textbooks, the literature reports that the theme should be better addressed, encouraging students to research more about it. The data from this literature review will serve as a reference for a future proposal for a teaching training program for Brazilian science/physics high school teachers using a new teaching approach.


A generalized sensitivity criterion for parametric sensitivity and runaway has recently been formulated, and previously used to study plug-flow reactors. The effects of radial heat and mass dispersion, in modifying the regions of sensitivity, are examined in the present work. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results, obtained for carbon monoxide oxidation on CuO/..gamma..Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ catalyst.


In the design of constant-on-time buck converters, prediction of the onset of subharmonics, at steady-state working conditions, and prediction of the saturation of the controller, i.e., the occurrence of at least one switching cycle at minimum off-time, after a dynamic step variation of the load are relevant aspects. By starting from the design parameters of a constant-on-time buck converter and grounding on a state-variables approach, we consider these aspects and develop a reliable and efficient approach to determine both limits. The proposed approach, despite having rigorous mathematical basis, is sufficiently simple. Thus it can be easily applied to predict results in designing constant-on time buck converters. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach is tested versus experimental results. This article is accompanied by a MATLAB live script that allows the reader to reproduce the proposed results and create new case studies.


Thesis (M.S.)--American University of Beirut. Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, 1994.;"Advisor: Raja Tannous, Professor, Food Technology and Nutrition and Coordinator of Graduate Studies -- Imad Toufeili, Associate Professor, Food Science Mo


The use of a holographic rejection filter has been demonstrated to improve the sensitivity of a commercial Raman microprobe by a factor of ∼3.5, allowing shorter data accumulation times or a reduction of the laser intensity at the sample. The filter has been tested with two very different solid samples; the first (TiO2 powder) gives a strong diffusely scattered laser beam along with the Raman scatter. The second (silicon) gives a strong specular reflection of the laser beam, again severely testing the laser rejection capabilities of the filter. Bands down to 200 cm−1 shift were transmitted by the filter without attenuation but with satisfactory rejection of the laser line. This approach provides a simple way of enhancing the performance of a commercial microprobe at low cost.


Ss produced 4 successive associations to each of a set of 20 stimulus words on 2 occasions. The distribution within the sequences at Time 2 of the initial responses of Time 1 indicated that the sequences were not composed of independent responses. The distribution within the sequences of Time 1 of the initial responses of Time 2 was virtually identical.


The aim of this research was to study how community engagement using constant communication can be utilized to manage pandemic though responsible leadership. This study focuses on India's experience of community engagement and responsible leadership demonstrated by national leaders, especially Prime Minister (PM) Mr. Narendra Modi using his constant communication as one of the strategies. Data of Indian citizens through various online communities has been analyzed through qualitative analysis called netnography, which is an extension of ethnography. Based on this methodology, thematic analysis has been carried out. Constant communication as one of the themes helps responsible leaders in managing pandemic-level crises. This research also develops conceptual model as a research outcome to be more specific in terms of communication among communities through a leader. Nations struggling to manage pandemic can get more social and economic relief if such crises could have been managed through responsible leadership through his constant communication.


The development of a region'tourism is related to perimeter district of space interaction in a large extent. The thoughts of developping the advantage of the whole and enhancing the district cooperation have been regarded by many nations and regions.It is said that Xiangxi is the bridgehead of the western region in tourism development , which is a district with obviously various races and potential tourism resources to exploit coordinately. How to create Xiangxi tourism brand, cultivate the core competency, ways of thinking that we put forward is: Breaking the administrative area rows and actualize region cooperation. Under the brand of Big Xiangxi, which can bring to the road of the sustained development of national tourism, quicken the social step in develop middle-class family and progresses with society completely.


While the "Western" biomedical narrative led to great breakthroughs, it does not address adequately cultural expressions of certain pathologies and to adjust for cultural differences. This present article provides the moral reasons for adopting an alternative intercultural model of mental health against the colonizing tendencies of the "Western" biomedical narrative.


This chapter introduces and compares the various random access (RA) technologies designed for 3G and beyond 3G mobile communication systems including Mobile WiMax, IEEE 802.20, cdma2000, WCDMA, and 3G LTE. In terms of fundamental design issues of RA, such as multiplexing, RA procedures, backoff algorithm, power control and priority schemes, the competing systems are compared. Furthermore, the performances of ranging for Mobile WiMax are numerically evaluated by both linkand MAC (Media access control)-level simulations in terms of throughput, delay time, and ranging success probability.


The mental health needs of prisoners are significant with a high incidence of common mental health problems including anxiety and depression. Extending national initiatives such as the National Health Service Improving Access of Psychological Therapies programme to people in prison offers a valuable opportunity to address these mental health problems and improve continuity of care from prison to the community. This study adopts an observational, prospective cohort design and evaluates an IAPT for offenders service over the first three years of operation within a male Category B prison holding remand/convicted prisoners. The evaluation found large effect sizes for changes in anxiety and depression with clinical recovery being achieved in 55% of depression and 52% of anxiety cases. On average, prisoners were treated in less than five sessions employing a low-intensity cognitive-behavioural approach. The lack of established formal diagnoses and a control group limits the findings.


An income distribution‐based abbreviated social welfare function is an increasing function of equity and efficiency. When inequality is of relative type, we characterize variants of the Atkinson–Kolm–Sen and the Shorrocks abbreviated welfare functions, where the variation results from the existence of a corresponding trade‐off parameter, and in each case if the parameter becomes one the two forms coincide. When the value of the parameter increases, equity gains more weight in the equity–efficiency trade‐off. For absolute inequality, we characterize the Blackorby–Donaldson–Kolm welfare function. Some implications of the lexicographic‐type equity used in the paper are also considered.


This paper presents a proposal for a generic prototyping approach. The procedure we define is parametrized by : the input description formalism which can be any structured and/or hierarchical representation; the programming language used to describe the prototype of a system. Our prototyping procedure involves three description levels : • the first one (the input formalism) is a semi-formal description that only allows sintactic checks (completeness and coherence of the specification); • the second one is a formal decription of the system. It is obtained by translation of the semi-formal description and is usefull for validation of the system. We have choosen Petri nets to express this specification level; • the third level is an executable description, expressed by means of a programming language. It is obtained by code generation from either the Petri net level or the semi-formal description. The prototyping procedure we present in this paper is partially implemented. PARTIE II : Application au langage Ada page 2 PROPOSAL FOR A GENERIC PROTOTYPING APPROACH Fabrice Kordon* Laboratoire MASI, Institut Blaise Pascal, Université P. & M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05 E-mail : email@example.com


I. LioN WALRAs has taught us to construct the curve of the final degrees of the utility of money when these two fundamental assumptions are made: (i) that the individual consumption goods, for the purchase of which money is used, are infinitely divisible and, moreover, their utility is such, (2) that the utility of successive portions, all equal, of a given article is continually decreasing. This second assumption is also known as Gossen's Law. The curve of the degrees of utility is then descending. It will not, however, appear continuous, not even in the case in which the curves of utility of individual goods are continuous. In every point of the utility curve of money where a new article of consumption is inserted, the continuity of the curve is broken. Hence the utility curve of money, though composed of continuous arcs (where the curves of the individual goods are continuous), may be discontinued at certain points: generally at n-I points if there are n goods. If it is admitted that some goods have an infinite initial utility (a question which will be raised later : see paragraph I 8), then the utility curve of money will also have an infinite initial utility. The curve of the final degrees of the utility of money may be called Walras' Curve.


In this paper, a statistical approach is introduced to investigate the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) performance of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Considering a candidate navigation signal of Korean positioning system (KPS), the average time duration for reading the navigation data without error, $T_{data}$, will be investigated. The navigation information consists of clock correction and ephemeris data (CED) and GNSS time reference (GST). Numerical results are provided to show the value of $T_{data}$ according to signal-to-noise-ration (SNR) $E_{b}/N_{0}$.


We report here a novel C-terminal capping structure in a peptide helix, in which the NH of the side chain of asparagine forms an H-bond with the helix main chain CO four residues away. The backbone forms a local 3[sub 10] helix at the C-terminus, with the side chain contributing an additional H-bonded loop. This structure reveals formation of H-bonds by the side chain and main chain of a single residue that serve as a fundamental signal at the C-terminus of helices. The structure formed in this way blocks continuation of the [alpha]helix, hence providing a stronger C-termination signal than Pro 19, as seen in the relative CD values. 12 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.


This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the performance costs of a wide variety of authentication methods over IKEv2 in wireless networks. The studied methods are preshared keys (PSK), ex ...


BCR/ABL fusion tyrosine kinase is responsible for the initiation and maintenance of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph 1 )-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and a cohort of acute lymphocytic leukemias (ALL). Our previous studies showed that a signaling protein phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3k) is essential for the growth of CML cells, but not of normal hematopoietic cells, and that p85 subunit of PI-3k co-immunoprecipitates with BCR/ABL (Skorski et al., (1995) Blood 86 , 726–36; Skorski et al., (1997) Embo J 16 , 6151–61; Klejman et al., (2002) Oncogene 21 , 5868–76). Therefore, we made an attempt to better characterize the p85 - BCR/ABL interactions. Mutagenesis approach combined with pull-down assays indicated that both N-terminal and C-terminal SH2 domains (nSH2 and cSH2, respectively) and SH3 domain of p85 play an important role in the interaction with BCR/ABL. SH2 domains exerted their function through binding to the tyrosine-phosphorylated motifs, and SH3 domain recognized proline-rich regions. Disruption of these functions by introduction of point-mutations in nSH2, cSH2 and SH3 domains abrogated their interaction with BCR/ABL. p85 mutant protein (p85-mut) bearing these mutations was not able to interact with BCR/ABL, while its binding to the p110 catalytic subunit of PI-3k was intact. In addition, binding of Shc and Gab2, but not Crk-L, to p85-mut was abrogated. When expressed in BCR/ABL-transformed hematopoietic cells p85-mut diminished activation of Akt kinase, the downstream effector of PI-3k. This effect was associated with the inhibition of BCR/ABL-dependent growth of hematopoeitic cells line and murine bone marrow cells. Interestingly, addition of IL-3 rescued BCR/ABL-transformed cells from the inhibitory effect of p85-mut. SCID mice injected with BCR/ABL-positive hematopoietic cells expressing p85-mut survived longer in comparison to the animals inoculated with BCR/ABL-transformed counterparts transfected with empty plasmid. In conclusion, we have identified the domains of p85 responsible for the interaction with BCR/ABL. Moreover, we demonstrated that expression of p85-mut, which binds to the p110 catalytic subunit of PI-3k but is not able to interact with BCR/ABL, affected the growth ability of BCR/ABL-positive leukemia cells.


A critical review is offered of the commonly implemented flame models for computing transient burning rates and intrinsic combustion stability of solid rocket propellants. After illustrating merits and limitations of each, a new flame model is described, by means of a unified mathematical formalism, incorporatin all of the and closer agreement with experimental information is enforced. #he general feature of the new model, called ./3r, is the capability to describe spatial1 thick gas-phase flames, when necessary, allowin pressure and/or temperature depenlence of several of the relevant paramet,ers. Witi proper care and within current limitations, the a0-y transient flame model is ap licable to both double-base and composite solid rocket ro Ilants. However, in orier to accomplish further rogress more fundamental work previous knowledge and allowing ground for further extensions. In artic 9 ar, a better


ABSTRACT The current ERP study investigates the role of non-linguistic context in incremental semantic comprehension. Using picture-sentence verification, we examined the neurophysiological correlates of contextual adaptation effects. We manipulated experiment-inherent frequency and tested whether a relatively high ratio of experimental to filler sentences constrains the contextual restriction of the German quantifier alle ("all"). While previous results indicate that the truth evaluation may be postponed when the experimental setting is completely ambiguous with respect to a potentially following restriction, the current study used a higher ratio of non-restricted vs. restricted sentences than the previous one (4:1 vs. 1:1) and thereby tested whether a low restriction probability increases the likelihood of an immediate truth evaluation. Our results show that experiment-inherent frequency distributions immediately modulate the N400 amplitude, analogous to previous studies on speaker reliability.


The developing interest among the customers all over the world concerning safety of surroundings, Worldwide evidence indicates people are concerned about the environment and are changing their behavior. As a result of this, green marketing has emerged which speaks for growing market for sustainable and socially responsible products and services. The main objective is to find the factors influencing consumer's thoughts on green marketing practices. Factors identified may be inter not independent. Hence, the objective is also to group these factors based on the commonalities and name it accordingly. Survey was conducted and consumers have been asked to give their opinion about the factors influencing their thoughts on green marketing practices. The opinion is obtained for twenty statements which are related to the factors influencing the consumer's thoughts on green marketing practices by adopting scaling technique, namely, Likert Five Point Scale. A multi-variant statistical technique called factor analysis is applied. In this Principle factor method with orthogonal varimax rotation is used to group the related factors and also other relevant statistical methods are used for data analysis. From the results it is observed that Green Consumer, Environmental Protection, Recycling of Waste, Green Buying Behavior and Preference of Green Products are the identified dimensions (factors), which influence the thoughts of consumers towards green marketing practices. | Volume – 2 | Issue – 2 | Jan-Feb 2018 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume Journal of Trend in Scientific and Development (IJTSRD) International Open Access Journal


A highly practical, catalytic enantioselective cyclic phosphite addition to aldehydes and ketones was developed. The reaction rate of the asymmetric hydrophosphonylation was significantly enhanced by the addition of silver carbonate. Particularly, significant improvement has been achieved on the asymmetric hydrophosphonylation of unactivated ketones, giving quaternary α-hydroxy phosphonates with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee).


The paper introduced the structure,working principle,technical characteristics and parameters of XGR teeter bed separator,analyzed the application effects of XGR in Zhongxin coal preparation plant. Separate the 3#seam coal with the TBS,imperfection value is 0. 202,the organic efficiency is80. 96% and average ash content of clean coal is 11. 45%,when separate the 9#seam coal,imperfection value is 0. 259,the organic efficiency is 88. 52% and average ash content of clean coal is 8. 14%,which obtained good separation effect. Based on the application practice of XGR and coarse slime system optimization situation in Zhongxin coal preparation plant,this paper put forward some suggestions for using XGR teeter bed separator.


Modelling and Simulation of Packed Bed Catalytic Converter for Oxidation of Soot in Diesel Powered VehiclesFlue Gas. Diesel vehicle is used in Indonesia in very big number. This vehicle exhausts pollutants especially diesel sootthat can be reduces by using a catalytic converter to convert the soot to CO2. To obtain the optimal dimension ofcatalytic converter it is needed a model that can represent the profile of soot weight, temperature and pressure along thecatalytic converter. In this study, a model is developed for packed bed catalytic converter in an adiabatic conditionbased on a kinetic study that has been reported previously. Calculation of developed equations in this model usesPolymath 5.X solver with Range Kutta Method. The simulation result shows that temperature profile along catalyticconverter increases with the decrease of soot weight, while pressure profile decreases. The increase of soot weight inentering gas increases the needed converter length. On the other hand, the increase of catalyst diameter does not affectto soot weight along converter and temperature profile, but results a less pressure drop. For 2.500 c diesel engine,packed bed catalytic converter with ellipse's cross sectional of 14,5X7,5 cm diagonal and 0,8 cm catalyst particlediameter, needs 4,1 cm length.


Resources for finding EPA permits, standards, and plans that regulators and scientists can use to help protect water quality in the Columbia River watershed.


Abstract : A program of model tests has been completed at Langley tank no. 1 which will furnish a qualitative guide as to the relation of length of afterbody and depth of step. The model used for the tests was a 1/12-size unpowered dynamic model of a hypothetical 160,000-pound airplane. The results showed that an increase in length of afterbody requires an accompanying increase in depth of step to maintain adequate landing stability changing the length of afterbody and depth of step in such a manner as to maintain a given landing stability will result in only small changes in take-off stability.


In electrical power systems, especially highly networked and become smart grid recently, faster protection relay and faster circuit breaker are more desirable for system stability at short circuit accidents. Nowadays general interruption time of circuit breaker is 3~5 cycle and trip signal sending time of a protection relay is about 2 cycle for instant operation. Most cases these circuit breaker and protection relay are sufficient for protection of the power systems but some special cases faster circuit breaker and relay are required. We proposed a prototype AC high speed circuit breaker which could interrupt the short circuit current of 12.5kA, 25.8kV within 1 cycle of 60Hz. Also we developed a prototype over current relay(OCR) which can send a trip signal within 1/2 cycle of 60Hz. We carried out a short circuit test these high speed circuit breaker and OCR in combination. At making current of maximum DC components defined in IEC 62271 100 32.5kA peak, 25.8kV, current was sensed and interrupted within 1 cycle. (4 pages)


Background—The purpose of this study was to describe the public locations of cardiac arrest and to estimate the annual incidence of cardiac arrest per site to determine optimal placement of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs). This was a retrospective cohort study. Methods and Results—Locations of cardiac arrest were abstracted from data collected by emergency medical service programs in Seattle and King County, Washington, from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 1994. Types of commercial and civic establishments were tallied and grouped into 23 location categories consistent with Standard Industrial Codes, and the number of sites within each location category was determined. With the addition of "public outdoors" and "automobiles" as categories, there were 25 location categories. During the study period, 7185 arrests occurred, 1130 (16%) of which were in public locations. An annual incidence of cardiac arrest per site was calculated. Ten location categories with 172 sites were identified as havin...


The major problem of this study is to reveal how Ray Ferrier overcomes his anxiety in Spielberg's War of the Worlds. The objectives of the study are to analyze the movie based on its structural elements, and to analyze movie based on psychoanalytic theory.

In conducting this study, the researcher uses qualitative research, in which the primary data source is War of the Worlds movie, and the secondary data source includes resources related to the research such as books of Psychological theories, movie script, commentaries, and the relevant information. The technique of data collection in this study is library research and documentation. The technique of data analysis in this study is descriptive technique.

The results of the analysis show that firstly, based on the structural analysis, it is clear that in this movie, the director wants to convey a moral message that it requires a sense of danger in order to make an individual realize the responsibility. Secondly, based on the psychoanalytic analysis it is evident that in this movie, the director shows that major character's behavior reflects the dynamic interaction between id, ego, and superego resulting in different types of anxieties.


The purpose of this study is to improve the discrete choice model incorporating the individual taste heterogeneity using RP, SP and attitudinal data. We tested three methods, a priori segmentation, latent class model and mass point model, on the mode choice context. From the case study of the models, we concluded that the latent class model is more efficient for considering individual taste heterogeneity and that SP data with multiple responses help identify the segments clearly.


. This article is concerned with the problem of determining an unknown source of non-potential, external time-dependent perturbations of an incompressible fluid from large-scale observations on the flow field. A relaxation-based approach is proposed for accomplishing this, which leverages a nonlinear property of the equations of motions to asymptotically enslave small scales to large scales. In particular, an algorithm is introduced that systematically produces approximations of the flow field on the unobserved scales in order to generate an approximation to the unknown force; the process is then repeated to generate an improved approximation of the unobserved scales, and so on. A mathematical proof of convergence of this algorithm is established in the context of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with periodic boundary conditions under the assumption that the force belongs to the observational subspace of phase space; at each stage in the algorithm, it is shown that the model error, represented as the difference between the approximating and true force, asymptotically decrements to zero in a geometric fashion provided that sufficiently many scales are observed and certain parameters of the algorithm are appropriately tuned; the issue of the sharpness of the assumptions, among other practical considerations such as the transient periods between updates, are also discussed.


We report the deposition of conformal thin layers of 10–50 nm thickness from II-VI quantum dot suspensions on ZnO nanowire substrates. Smooth polycrystalline films of high electronic quality can be obtained from CdSe quantum dots after annealing at moderate temperatures. The electronic properties are adequate for detector and solar cell applications. The growth and annealing temperatures permit deposition on light-weight and flexible substrates. Some elemental diffusion of Se across the CdSe/ZnO interface occurs in the film formation. A comparison with CdS/ZnO junctions indicates that the low Se diffusion rates are essential for efficient charge transfer.


Red Tide poisoning is a result of toxins released from marine dinoflagellates (various algae) and received its name from the discolored (reddish) water created by an algal bloom. It appears this event has occurred for centuries in many locations even before the occurrence of pollution, agricultural run-off and current observations of global warming. There were reports of the Red Tide in Florida during the 1800's [1, 2]. However, historical reports indicate that the Red Tide occurred throughout history with an observation noted as early as 1528 in the Gulf of Mexico; although, the first "verifiable" event was in 1648 [2, 3]. The Red Tide occurs throughout tropical waters of the world [4]. In the United States the predominant region is Florida, mostly in the Gulf of Mexico; but events have been noted in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Periodically, there have also been occurrences off the Texas coast [2]. Other locations of notable interest where events occur include Scotland and the South Pacific (e.g. Australia), indicating harmful algal events can occur in northern locations and are likely experiencing an expanding geography due to global warming. There is an increasing frequency of Red Tide phenomena throughout the world with temperature and pollution being indicated as the contributing factors [2].


This paper presents an efficient implementation of asymmetric quantization in hardware accelerator for deep learning applications. In this work, we show that asymmetric quantization provides better accuracy performance in AI inferencing with the same amount of storage and bandwidth requirements of a symmetric approach. Also, we provide the method to support the asymmetric approach in digital circuit. The results show that this software and hardware collaboration provide sufficient AI performance while achieving over significant silicon resources reduction.


The invention relates to a medicinal composition for treating chronic prostatitis and hypertrophy of the prostate, which is prepared from the following Chinese medicinal herbs: astragalus root, cassia twig, banksia rose, motherwort, epimeddium, rhubarb horsetails, rhizoma dioscoreae, eupatene, lotus seeds, plantain seeds, dandelion, cherokee rose,herba patriniae, giant knotweed rhizome, Chinese pink herb, knotgrass, pyrrosia leaf, paniculate bolbostemma rhizome, talcum, flavescent sophora root, cimicifuga rhizome, sargentgloryvine stem, achyranthes and cyathula root, licorice root, and corktree bark.


The Savannah River Site (SRS) is currently treating radioactive liquid waste with the Actinide Removal Process (ARP) and the Modular Caustic Side Solvent Extraction Unit (MCU). Recently, the low filter flux through the ARP of approximately 5 gallons per minute has limited the rate at which radioactive liquid waste can be treated. Salt Batch 6 had a lower processing rate and required frequent filter cleaning. Savannah River Remediation (SRR) has a desire to understand the causes of the low filter flux and to increase ARP/MCU throughput. SRR requested SRNL to conduct bench-scale filter tests to evaluate whether sodium oxalate, sodium aluminosilicate, or aluminum solids (i.e., gibbsite and boehmite) could be the cause of excessive fouling of the crossflow or secondary filter at ARP. The authors conducted the tests by preparing slurries containing 6.6 M sodium Salt Batch 6 supernate, 2.5 g MST/L slurry, and varying concentrations of sodium oxalate, sodium aluminosilicate, and aluminum solids, processing the slurry through a bench-scale filter unit that contains a crossflow primary filter and a dead-end secondary filter, and measuring filter flux and transmembrane pressure as a function of time. Among the conclusions drwn from this work are the following: (1) All of the testsmore » showed some evidence of fouling the secondary filter. This fouling could be from fine particles passing through the crossflow filter. (2) The sodium oxalate-containing feeds behaved differently from the sodium aluminosilicate- and gibbsite/boehmite-containing feeds.« less


12 Carolyn M. Keeton* and Jeffrey F. Gardner 13 Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 14 601 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. 15 *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: email@example.com 16 17 18 19 20 21 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.00359-12 JB Accepts, published online ahead of print on 13 April 2012


Abstract Somatostatin analogues (SSAs) are indicated for use in acromegaly and gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP NETs). However, SSAs are administered as injections which can be a challenge for patients and healthcare providers. ONO-5788 is a novel low molecular weight orally administered molecule with potent and selective agonistic effects at the human SST2 subtype. ONO-5788 could offer the advantages of a more convenient route of administration for patients with acromegaly and other indications and also a preferential safety profile compared to injections. In order to support clinical evaluation of ONO-5788, a series of non-clinical experiments were undertaken. Findings: In vitro, ONO-5788 and its active metabolite, ONO-ST1-641, has a greater agonistic effect on human SST2 compared to other somatostatin receptor subtypes, with EC50 values of 0.11 and 0.016 nmol/L, respectively. There is no difference in mean EC50 values between human SST2 and rat SST2. ONO-5788 and ONO-ST1-641 significantly inhibits growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-induced GH secretion from primary cultured rat pituitary cells. In vivo studies in rats confirmed that a single oral dose of ONO-5788 resulted in systemic exposure of ONO-5788 and ONO-ST1-641 that increased in a dose dependent manner. Orally administrated ONO-5788 significantly inhibited both GHRH-induced GH secretion and basal GH secretion at all the doses tested (≥0.1 and ≥0.03 mg/kg, respectively). ONO-5788 and ONO-ST1-641 administrated intravenously significantly inhibited GHRH-induced GH secretion with effect on maximum inhibition of GH secretion similar to octreotide (ONO-5788 98.0%, ONO-ST1-641 98.6%, octreotide 98.7%, respectively). Plasma concentrations of ONO-5788 and ONO-ST1-641 required to supress serum GH level to a clinically meaningful degree in acromegaly patients were estimated to be 21.3 and 1.29 ng/mL. In experiments evaluating the effects on insulin and glucagon secretion in anaesthetised rats, ONO-5788, ONO-ST1-641, octreotide and pasireotide significantly inhibited glucagon secretion, but ONO-5788 and ONO-ST1-641 had no significant impact on insulin secretion at doses up to 10-fold higher than the dose required for either of these compounds to almost maximally inhibit GH secretion. In contrast, pasireotide and octreotide showed a significant inhibition of insulin secretion at equivalent doses of both ONO-5788 and ONO-ST1-641. A standard battery of preclinical safety and toxicology studies provided adequate evidence of safety to support commencement of a Phase I study in healthy volunteers to measure the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ONO-5788. Conclusion: Orally administered ONO-5788 demonstrates potency as a SST2 agonist and has the potential to be a new treatment option for patients with acromegaly and NET.


Modalities of appointment to medical professorships and readerships were quite differently managed in the period of the first century of Halle University opened in 1694. The appointments of the initial era secured a top position to Halle University (Faculty of Medicine). Then followed decades of decline which not at last resulted from a personal policy being not clear-sighted enough. Nearly from about 1780 new conceptions in the modalities of appointment referred to the bloom of the decades of foundation.


We study the branching structure of very large DLA clusters, of up to 100 million particles. The Horton-Strahler ordering of the branches in these clusters shows a relaxation towards a state with the stream numbers forming a geometric series. This behaviour is compared with those of several self-similar trees. It indicates that DLA clusters converge to topologically self-similar objects.


Income Tax (PPh) Article 21 is a tax on income in the form of salaries, wages, honoraria, allowances, and other payments with respect to employment or occupation, service, and other activities undertaken by individual taxpayers in the country. Scientific writing of this issue is how the application of the implementation of Income Tax (PPh) section 21 of PT. Mesindo Teknenisia. Accordingly, research directed in order to analyze whether the company has introduced a system of calculation of Income Tax (Income Tax) in accordance with Article 21 of Law No Income Tax. 17 of 2000 and Decree of the Minister of Finance No.137/PMK.03/2005. Research done by studying literature by finding and reading references through books and literature relating to the issue under study and conduct field research by visiting the company directly and collect data related to the discussion. Through research has been done, it can be concluded that the company has not applied the calculation of the system implementation of the Income Tax (Income Tax) in accordance with Article 21 of Law No Income Tax. 17 in 2000. This is because no tax benefits on the inclusion of enhancer elements of gross income and have not applied the provisions of Taxable Income (taxable income) the new Minister of Finance Decree on No.137/PMK.03/2005.


Opacity is an important information-flow security property in the analysis of cyber-physical systems. It captures the plausible deniability of the system's secret behavior in the presence of an intruder that may access the information flow. Existing works on opacity only consider nonmetric systems by assuming that the intruder can always distinguish between two different outputs precisely. In this article, we extend the concept of opacity to systems whose output sets are equipped with metrics. Such systems are widely used in the modeling of many real-world systems whose measurements are physical signals. A new concept called approximate opacity is proposed in order to quantitatively evaluate the security guarantee level with respect to the measurement precision of the intruder. Then, we propose a new simulation-type relation, called approximate opacity-preserving simulation relation, which characterizes how close two systems are in terms of the satisfaction of approximate opacity. This allows us to verify approximate opacity for large-scale, or even infinite, systems using their abstractions. We also discuss how to construct approximate opacity-preserving symbolic models for a class of discrete-time control systems. Our results extend the definitions and analysis techniques for opacity from nonmetric systems to metric systems.


Carbon nanotubes, with their unusual blend of mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, have been the focus of intense research in a wide variety of disciplines. [1] Carbon nanotubes can be formed by rolling up graphene sheets into a seamless cylindrical shape. Nanotubes can be classified into two major types: single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). MWNTs comprise concentric SWNTs held together by weak van der Waals' forces. The Young's modulus and strength of individual SWNTs have been found to be ∼ 1 TPa and ∼ 50 GPa, respectively, [2,3] which is significantly better than current state-of-the-art engineering materials such as carbon-fiber composites. This has generated great interest in the use of nanotubes as re-inforcement fibers in composite materials. [


The thermoelastic problem of a three-phase concentric sphere subject to phasewise uniform temperature variations is solved exactly. With this solution, the cool-down stresses in a metallic structure with plasma-sprayed oxidation- and thermal-barrier coatings are determined. In this context, the relevance of several control parameters is examined, including the Poisson ratios of both coatings and the substrate temperature during deposition. The thin-film approximation to the subject problem is derived, and it is shown that the response of the two barrier layers is essentially uncoupled. In particular, the thermoelastic properties of the intermediate layer have a negligible effect on the stresses in the outermost layer. It is then concluded that the most relevant stress-control variable is the substrate deposition temperature.


Research on learners' interaction has shown that many of learners' input and output needs can be addressed during the course of informal conversation and the negotiation of meaning. However, previous research with advanced learners engaged in pairwork on communicative tasks revealed very few instances of negotiation of meaning. The present study considers if learners' needs in an EFL setting can be addressed through interaction other than negotiation. The performance of seven dyads of advanced EFL learners and of seven dyads of those learners with English native speakers was analyzed on two communication tasks and two strategies were identified repair (self- and other-) and completion. Although during their interaction advanced EFL learners were resourceful in using these strategies, numerous morphosyntactic imprecisions were observed and led to the conclusion that the use of more complex, focus-on-form activities is in order in this context and for this level of command of the language.


The simulation of the three-dimensional flexible fluid-filled container in the crash was achieved through multi-material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE) finite element method because of its ability to control mesh geometry independently from geometry.The ALE description was adopted for the fluid domain,while for the structural domain the Lagrangian formulation was adopted.The computation of the fluid-structure interaction and the crash contact between the container and the ground was realized by the penalty-based coupling method.Then the dynamic behavior of the container in the crash was analyzed and the parallelism was discussed because the computation of the fluid-structure interaction and the crash contact was quite time-consuming.Based on the recursive coordinate bisection(RCB),the Load balanced bisection(LBB) was designed and implemented according to the time-consuming characteristics of the fluid-filled container in the crash.The result indicated,in comparison with RCB method,the LBB method had improved the speedup and the parallel efficiency.


Purpose

How in essence a firm's service innovation affects its performance is always an intriguing and important issue to business researchers and practitioners. However little is known about the moderating effects of a firm's approach to innovation and capability of marketing orientation that influence this aforementioned relationship and the underlying mechanisms. This paper aims to examine how ambidextrous innovation (exploration and exploitation innovation) and market orientation capabilities (market-sensing and customer-linking capabilities) can shape the relationship between service innovation and firm performance. Research model was developed based on theoretical foundation of the resource-based view and the rationed perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

Using an original data set comprising 170 service-oriented firms from Taiwan, the authors found that ambidextrous innovation and market orientation capabilities can significantly enhance performance for service-oriented firms. The authors used the traditional ordinary least squares regression and the zero-inflated Poisson regression to test the five hypotheses.

Findings

The empirical results fully support the hypotheses that ambidextrous innovation and market orientation capabilities can significantly enhance firm performance. These results imply that the benefits of ambidextrous innovation and market orientation capabilities can coexist in a service innovation deployment and that these combined benefit firm performance.

Originality/value

The ambidextrous innovation and market orientation capabilities play catalytic roles during innovative service implementation in the service-oriented sectors. The roles of these factors have rarely been examined together before. Hence, this study addresses the gaps in current understanding and provides valuable insights, particularly in the context of the future service innovation deployment. In addition, the theoretical and managerial implications of the findings provide useful and valuable information for both the researchers and managers of the service-oriented.


A Chinese medicine in the form of plaster of treating bone tuberculosis and nonspecific colitis and mastadenoma is prepared from 56 Chinese-medicinal materials through immersing 48 Chinese-medicinal materials in sesame oil, frying, filtering, adding yellow lead, decocting and adding the rest. Its advantages include higher curative effect.


Using two recently constructed measures of trade liberalization dates, this research studies the impact of trade liberalization on imports, exports, and overall trade balance for a large sample of developing countries. We find strong and consistent evidence that trade liberalization leads to higher imports and exports. However, in contrast Santos-Paulino and Thirwall (2004) who find a robustly negative impact of trade liberalization on the overall trade balance, we only find mixed evidence of such a negative impact. In particular, we find little evidence of a statistically significant negative impact using our first measure of liberalization dates which extends Li (2004). Using a second measure of liberalization dates compiled by Wacziarg and Welch (2003), we find some evidence that liberalization worsens the trade balance, but the evidence is not robust across different estimation specifications, and the estimated impact is smaller than that reported by Santos-Paulino and Thirwall (2004).