Tetra Tech has recently provided decision support analysis for several U.S. Army Corps of Engineers environmental restoration projects. This paper will present the decision support methodologies applied, results obtained, and the usefulness of the information in supporting the recommendation of a preferred alternative for two projects: 1) The Aliso Creek Watershed Restoration Study in Southern Orange County, California, and 2) the Jackson Hole Environmental Restoration Study on the Snake River in Jackson, Wyoming. The Aliso Creek Watershed study addressed economic and environmental problems as a result of urbanization and impaired water quality. A wide range of watershed-level and site specific solutions were identified and evaluated based upon their impacts on watershed flooding, recreation opportunities and values, water quality, and ecological resources. For each solution that was recommended, a Federal, state, or local agency was identified as the potential lead agency based upon agency programs and authorities. A separate analysis evaluated the impact of the recommended watershed solutions on the local sponsor, Orange County's, ability to meet TMDL targets. The case study will present problems, proposed solutions, economic/environmental decision support, and recommendations. The Snake River study addressed environmental degradation resulting from the construction of a Federal levee system in the vicinity of Jackson, Wyoming. Innovative restoration solutions were proposed in the study area to restore and protect high-valued aquatic and riparian habitats threatened by the extreme river energy within the levees. The case study will present problems, proposed solutions, economic/ environmental decision support, and recommendations.


One of the most important Yiddish ethical books is undoubtedly Sefer Lev tov. After it was printed for the first time, and already in the course of the seventeenth century, many writers recommended this book to their readers. New editions of the book continue to be published up to date.1 Nevertheless, research on Sefer Lev tov has been very limited, since its structure and characteristics are considered to be clear and self-explanatory. In the first edition of the book, printed in Prague in 1620, the author Isaac ben Eliakum pointed out some of the sources he had employed when writing it. One of his principal sources had been Rabbi Judah Kalaz's Sefer ha-Musar.2


S-N curves of AISI 4340 and SCM 435 steels were determined according to the qualifications and systematically investigated by Basquin relation. The change of parameters (fatigue strength coefficients and exponents) of these S-N curves with increasing tensile strength was analyzed and summarized. For the steels with the same type of S-N curves, as tensile strength increases, their fatigue strength coefficients linearly increase and fatigue strength exponents almost keep unchanging at first and then decrease linearly. In addition, the fatigue mechanisms controlling the parameters of SN curves with tensile strength increasing were discussed. It is briefly explained that the fatigue strength coefficient can be improved by strengthening mechanisms, and the change of fatigue strength exponent with tensile strength may be influenced by the change of fatigue crack initiation sites, the microstructures and fatigue fractographies of steels treated by different heat treatments. Through properly adjusting fatigue strength coefficients and fatigue strength exponents the fatigue strength can be improved in the course of the selection and preparation of steels.


Replication and caching strategies are increasingly being used to improve performance and reduce delays in distributed environments. The benefits of using caches for reducing traffic in backbone trunk links and for improving web access times are well-known. A query can be answered more quickly by accessing a cached copy than making a database round trip. This paper includes an introduction of distributed cache and an adaptive algorithm for distributed caching based on the idea of autonomous proxy caches without the usage of a central coordinator or broadcasting protocol and its applications in various areas such as cellular mobile networks, web cache, distributed file system and web services, databases. In this paper we analyzed the performance of both hierarchical and distributed caching. Our main performance measure is the expected latency to retrieve a Web document. It describes deficiencies in an existing hierarchical caching scheme for document replication and presents an alternative approach that more widely distributes the load across multiple servers, and provides additional resource discovery features.


By means of particle-in-cell simulations, a mechanism of the two-photon resonance conversion of the laser energy into electron plasma waves in the interaction of relativistic-intensity laser pulses with overdense laser-induced plasmas is investigated. This conversion is a consequence of the periodic action of the ponderomotive (magnetic) component of Lorentzian force on plasma electrons. When the relativistic-intensity linearly-polarized laser pulse irradiates plasma with the about 4-times overcritical density and steep profile, this action is resonant with electron plasma oscillations at a double-laser frequency. As a result a part of the laser energy is transformed into the energy of plasma waves, hence into the energy of fast electrons. Simulations show that two-photon resonance absorption is efficient when the plasma density scale-length is about or less than the laser wavelength. Moreover, in the case of normal laser incidence the two-photon resonance absorption seems to be the dominant mechanism of overcritical plasma heating.


ABSTRACT Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a tract between the biliary system and bronchial tree with the presence of bile in the bronchus and the sputum. They are rare but serious complications. In most cases, they are caused by hepatic or subphrenic abscesses, resulting from different conditions. Pulmonary symptoms dominate the clinical picture, and the main manifestations are chronic irritant cough, production of greenish sputum, bronchopneumonia, and dyspnea. The diagnosis of BBF can be confirmed by imaging procedures such as biliary scintigraphy with hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Bronchoscopy can demonstrate the presence of bile in the bronchial tree and may delineate the site of fistula. The treatment strategy for patients with BBF and biliary tract obstruction is the reestablishment of bile drainage, which allows the fistula to heal by reducing intrabiliary pressure. We present two cases of biliary-bronchial fistula, one related to hepatic abscess and the other due to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for common bile duct obstruction secondary to inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma.


Contents: Trends Affecting Future Coast Guard Surveillance Requirements; Event Impacts on Program Activities; Consensor Information and Instructions; Results of the Modified Delphi Conference; Surveillance Information Element Weights by Program Activity; Surveillance Requirements Model Inputs; Surveillance Requirements Model Results by Operating Program; Detailed Surveillance Requirements in Rank Order; Surveillance Requirements Model: Sensitivity Analysis; and Surveillance Technologies Model.


The BM--AGA method was applied in testing samples of Lower and Upper Kittanning coals from mines 72 and 73, Cambria County, Pa. This report gives yield and quality of products obtained at carbonizing temperatures of 500/sup 0/, 600/sup 0/, 700/sup 0/, 800/sup 0/, and 900/sup 0/C with 13-inch retort and at 800/sup 0/, 900/sup 0/, and 1,000/sup 0/C with 18-inch retort. Also gives results of chemical, physical, and microscopic examinations and of blending tests with 70 and 80 percent of high-volatile (Pittsburgh-bed) coal from Warden mine, Allegheny County, Pa.


An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional computer graphics system. A three-dimensional computer graphic image apparatus and method for generating. The image is initially subdivided into a plurality of rectangular areas (2). The display list memory (4), the object data for each rectangular area is loaded. Image and shading data for each pixel in each rectangular area are obtained from the object data of the image synthesis processor (6) and the texture and shading processor (10). Depth range generator (12) draws depth range for each rectangular area from the object data when the image and shading data is obtained. The depth range is compared with the new depth of each object supplied to the image synthesizing processor (6), according to the result of this comparison, it is possible to prevent the supply to the image synthesis processor object (6) .


The rapid development of the World Wide Web (WWW) has provided unprecedented opportunities for educators to reach audiences of students and colleagues around the world. This paper discusses the development, use, distribution, and integration into a curriculum of a set of Web-based software tutorials for undergraduate courses in automatic controls. The purpose of the tutorials is to teach students how to use MATLAB, a popular computation and visualization software package, to analyze and design automatic control systems. The tutorials combine explanatory text with sample MATLAB commands and illustrative plots and graphics, are highly interconnected, and are easily accessible over the WWW.


Objective To investigate the expression rate of TGF-β1 and NOS2 in the synovial membrane of osteoarthritis(OA),and to study the relationship between the two factors.Methods The synovial membrane of osteoarthritis were immunohistochemically detected with TGF-β1 and NOS2,respectively.The results were analyzed with spearman's rank correlation.Results The expression rates of TGF-β1 and NOS2 were 60%,13.3%,respectively.The correlation coefficient between TGF-β1 and NOS2 was not statistically significant(rs=0.306,P0.05).Conclusions The expression of TGF-β1 and NOS2 on the synovial membrane of osteoorthritis is irrelevant.The expression rate of TGF-β1 in osteoarthritis is relatively lower than in normal tissues,though NOS2 is relatively higher.The two factors are associated with destructive process in OA.


Tocopheryl phosphate (TP) occurs naturally as a form of vitamin E in the body. We compared a standard vitamin E supplement, tocopheryl acetate (TA), with a tocopheryl phosphate mixture (TPm) on the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE mice and rabbits. Animals received either TA or TPm at equivalent tocopherol doses. Mice were treated for 24 weeks with the last 8 weeks including a high fat/cholesterol diet (HFHC). Rabbits were treated for 4 weeks while on a 2% cholesterol diet. Untreated control groups included animals on a normal diet or HFHC diet, without TA or TPm for the treatment period. ApoE mice developed severe hypercholesterolemia and advanced atherosclerotic lesions. TA‐treated mice had no significant reduction in plasma lipids or improvement in aortic lesions. TPm caused marked reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL after 16 weeks, although the reductions in plasma lipid levels were smaller following the HFHC diet, nevertheless, TPm significantly reduced aortic lesions. The rabbits also developed severe hypercholesterolemia and advanced atherosclerotic lesions after 4 weeks. TPm reduced aortic lesions and pro‐inflammatory markers in the plasma. These reductions are associated with a reduction in atherosclerosis.


The development of a country depends on the creation of a scientific idea and provides high quality education systems. In this study, we have tried to investigate Iran's university roles in achieve Iran's20-year vision plan and reply to this question "what is East Azerbaijan province university roles in Iran's20-year vision plan? How is cluster analysis of university roles in achieving Iran's 20-year vision plan in East Azerbaijan province? In this research for collecting data we used the library and field resources so that for compiling the literature of the research we used library sources specially Iran's 20-Year Vision Plan documents.The populationwasall deans of thepublic (31), non-government (34)anddistance educational systemuniversities (30) inthe provinceofEast Azerbaijan. Date gathering has done by a questionnaire that its stability has reported 89%. To analyze the data resulted from collected questionnaires deductive and descriptive statistical methodsare used. In deductive level to test the questions of the research we used cluster analysis and Friedman test. Findings shows that, distance educational system university's cluster analysis concluded that they have less distance then public universities and have more distance then non-governmental universities.


Ozone (O3), one of the most important air quality and climate change pollutants, has a negative impact on human health, the climate, and vegetation. Medical research shows that polluted air containing Cl2 gas damages the ozone layer in large amounts. It directly affects the increased number of diseases, especially skin cancer; therefore, predicting the concentration of surface ozone is very important for the protection of human health and the environment. The forecasting of air pollution data for O3 in the real world time series is challenging because it has multiple input variables. This paper presented three approaches for multivariate and multi-step time series forecasting, Vector Auto Regression (VAR), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) to analyze air pollution data in multivariate time series. These forecast models not only take the current data as their input but also what they previously recognized in time to generate new O3 forecasts. We examined the performance of the proposed models and observed improvements of 10 % to 20 % in forecast evaluation matrices, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) using LSTM in comparison with the VAR and MLP models in the O3 layer prediction. Keywords—Multivariate time series, Multi-step time series, Long short term memory (LSTM), Vector Auto Regression (VAR), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP).


The present paper is part of a broader research project that was conducted in Brazil with the aim of inves� tigating teaching work. It proposes a theoretical discussion of three concepts: genre of activity (Clot), genre of discourse (Bakhtin) and habitus (Bourdieu). These concepts not only anchor but are also taken as the object of study in the relations between the theory and the empirical field. The research was conducted under the inspiration of the methodology in the Clinic of Activity (Clot). The selected material for this paper focuses on a school counselor's enunciations about his own activity, based on discussions during the "instruction to the double" methodological procedure. The analysis based on notions of professional genre and style (Clot), con� tributes to the understanding of a beginner's entry into the metier, and gives visibility to how a novice appro� priates the genre in operation and participates in its construction, imprinting a personal style to the profes� sional activity.


Last year, a special issue of this journal addressed the concepts of well-being and happiness as they appear in discussions of public policy. This paper defends an objective conception of well-being as happiness in a worthwhile life. Nevertheless, the paper points out problems that face any proposal for a well-being policy. To promote the well-being of its people, the state would impose its own conception of well-being on them and thus violate the principle of impartiality.


A study of selected electronic properties for isoelectronic series of Li, Be, B, and C has been presented. The study is based on the recently developed procedure of optimization of atomic spin-orbitals.


'What a time to live in Ireland': this is what I have often thought in the past months as the 'abortion referendum' approached. On 25 May 2018, Irish voters were called to cast their yes or no vote to the proposal of repealing the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution. The amendment equated the life of the foetus to the life of the pregnant person, de facto criminalising abortion. A vast majority voted in favour of removing the amendment, decriminalising abortion and opening up the possibility for Parliament to legislate on the matter.


Public areas develop personal significance because there are connections between the area and the life of the people; when understood in this way, the soundscape constitutes an important element in the structure, understanding and analysis of the territory. This study offers the results of an exploratory investigation carried out in a specific urban area, the city of Alcalá de Henares; the environmental quality of public squares and public areas was studied using a methodology which placed particular emphasis on the sound environment: how urban forms influence sound perception and how the interaction between sound and space is important for determining the identity of urban sound. To this end, a double approach has been developed, both quantitative and qualitative, with different types of methods for collecting data in situ: semi-directive interviews, questionnaires, acoustic measures and recordings of sound environments, as well as in situ observations. Firstly, this methodology has enabled us to determine which urban areas, in the citizens' opinion, are most relevant for the configuration of the city; the public areas are characterised according to a series of criteria related to the environmental quality observed and the subjective assessment of the different urban areas is determined as well as the importance of the criteria of the environmental quality perceived in this assessment. The significance of the sound environment has also been determined in the public areas studied and the effect this sound environment has on the utilisation of the public areas. It has been demonstrated how the urban area, as perceived by its inhabitants, is constructed as a multi-space system with connections between different places. Thus, whether the areas are central or peripheral has a determining influence on the citizens' assessment of them. 1 INTRODUCTION The growing demand among consumers for effective solutions to the problems of acoustic contamination in urban areas means methodological and practical efforts in the acoustics sphere based primarily on acoustic cartography and the application of corrective remedies to specific problems (insulation, acoustic barriers...), must increasingly be supplemented by qualitative approaches. Several studies focusing on the quality of urban space have shown that the relationship between spaces and people's lives is rich in personal significations embracing numerous connections, not just physical but also social, cultural, economic, etc. (Prohansky, 1978; Valera, 1994, Kevin Lynch 1976; Carr, 1996). In the specific case of urban sound environment, some authors have shown that sound is a key element in shaping our perception of space, since it contributes decisively to the identification, organisation and interpretation of the same (Amphoux, 1991; López Barrio and Carles, 1997). This image and interpretation of urban space is the cornerstone of what we might call the acoustic identity of a given place, i.e. all those elements defining the union between residents and the sounds of urban spaces (Amphoux 1993; Balay, 1997). It is this identity which enables us to recognise and identify a city by its sound, differentiating it from others. Within the general aim of gaining a deeper understanding of urban acoustic identity, this study centres on an analysis of the squares and public spaces of an emblematic municipality, Alcalá de Henares, a medium-size city of some 170,000 inhabitants with a magnificently preserved historical centre of great Copyright SFA InterNoise 2000 2 urban and architectural worth but which in recent decades has suffered rapid and disorganised urban development. 2 OBJECTIVES Starting from this background, the aims of our study are: • Identify and analyse the public squares and spaces which users feel are relevant to the city's configuration. • Characterise the public spaces mentioned according to a series of criteria relative to perceived environmental quality, with particular attention to the evaluation of the sound environment (significance). One practical objective is to provide a method of establishing sound quality criteria which encompass the perception, identification and images residents hold of the sound environment of their city, going beyond an analysis based solely on noise control and measurement instruments. 3 METHOD The working method includes different types of subjective and physical steps: semi-directive interviews, closed questionnaires, physical measurement of the sound environment and on-site observation. 3.1 Sample 224 subjects took part in the project (54% women and 48% men) with ages ranging from 17 to 75. 3.2 Subjective analyses A dual approach was developed: both quantitative and the qualitative. Data for the quantitative analysis were drawn from the responses to a questionnaire containing 45 questions on the following groups of variables: • Most representative and frequented spaces. Subjective evaluation of each. • Evaluation of the environmental features of the public spaces stated. • Evaluation of the sound environment. The sample participating in this study phase comprised 178 subjects (44% men and 66% women). The qualitative analysis seeks to provide deeper insights into the variables studied in the previous phase. The technique used is based on the responses given in interviews with both a group of experts (architects and planners) and city users (five groups). Remarks made were subjected to a contents analysis which gave greater depth to the evaluations obtained with the quantitative analysis. A total of 46 persons were interviewed (43% women and 52% men). 3.3 Acoustic measurements Finally, acoustic measurements in the urban environments included in the study followed the protocol described below: • Measurement of equivalent sound level and the L max for five minutes every hour on different days. • Recording of the sound environment in the selected sites over the same period of time, to register the acoustic sources producing these levels and contribute to a more qualitative type of acoustic cartography. These measurements provide a means to evaluate the importance of the emerging sound signals and rhythms produced in the sound environment of public spaces. 4 RESULTS Although the research presented spans various facets of the perceived environmental quality of urban space, the results described centre on the analysis of the sound environment. 4.1 Perceived environmental quality On the basis of the analyses conducted a number of spaces were identified, in both the town's centre and periphery, which play a relevant role in its configuration. The results obtained indicate that the most prized environmental characteristics of public spaces are their architectural and aesthetic value (25%), the presence and upkeep of facilities (25%), the social atmosphere (20%), the presence of greenery (15%) Copyright SFA InterNoise 2000 3 and tranquillity (10%). Against these positive aspects, the following factors were stated as the main problems affecting this type of space: the absence or disrepair of facilities (45%), noise (25%), lack of greenery (10%) and insecurity (5%). An appropriate interaction and coherence between acoustic and visual aspects appears to have an important influence on how spaces are evaluated, confirming the results of previous research (Carles et al. 1999). It was found that the best rated spaces correspond to squares in the historical centre, home to the greatest number and variety of meeting places. Conversely, the least agreeable spaces were those located in peripheral neighbourhoods. This evaluation is influenced by the fact that what one finds in the periphery, rather than squares, are open spaces fulfilling similar functions but lacking the aesthetic and historical components so strongly defined in the old quarter squares. This indicates that the design of these new squares pursues satisfaction of the functional requirements of city life, favouring aspects like retail business or traffic, rather than the basic needs like comfort, relaxation and social intercourse traditionally linked to this kind of space. The result is that their use corresponds more closely to a transit point than a meeting point. This type of peripheral neighbourhood, where the traditional idea of a square has been superseded, provides a clear instance of how urban planning tends, in many cases, to be fairly conceptual and remote from the essential needs of users. The greater attraction of the historical quarter squares translates as a greater use of the same (73% of the population frequents these spaces), generating an identification between the squares and city inhabitants which does not occur in peripheral spaces. 4.2 Sound characterisation of urban spaces Differences in the design and planning of urban space, and the different uses to which it is put exert a significant influence on its sound quality. Thus, historical quarter squares (partly closed off, protected from traffic, with reverberation in the medium range and an intense social use) have a well-balanced sound environment in which voices are strongly present, and clearly perceived. Their enjoyment may be occasionally perturbed by the noises issuing from bar terraces in good-weather months and, to a lesser extent, traffic noise. In this regard, the main noise-related complaints stated by the population centre on the music broadcast from the terraces set up in historical centre squares and the noise of motorbikes without a silencer. Newly-created spaces, meantime, are generally open zones surrounded by roads and with an intense social use. These spaces are marked by the impact of the traffic noise which masks other noise sources, especially social noise. In some cases, the presence of traffic provokes feelings of insecurity and danger, since the roads in question carry heavy traffic (table 1). The different composition of sound matter in the public squares analysed is set out in figures 1 a


This dissertation analyzes a proposal of a teaching plan about the complementary theme
'Disease: deciphering this enigma', we introduce the knowledge of general pathological processes students about the biological events occurring in the human organism as a result of
disease. Then we develop the teaching plan. We verify the perceptions resulting from this learning process. The corpus analyzed consist of initial
students.


Objective: 1) Investigate face and content validity of the sheep model in operative rhinology skills training. 2) Investigate the applicability and transferability of skills acquired in otolaryngology training curriculum. Method: An evaluation study conducted in February 2012. Fifteen otolaryngology trainees (level: 3-5) and 5 experts completed 9 operative rhinology tasks on a pre-prepared sheep model and assessed face and content validity using a Likert scale across 20-item questionnaire. Participants also evaluated the model in teaching individual tasks and globally as training tool. Results: The model achieved face validity of 4.1 with no significant difference between expert and intermediate groups (4.0 and 4.3, Wilcoxon P = .14). Content validity score was 4.2, with experts scoring higher than the intermediate group (4.0 and 4.5, Wlicoxon P = .043). The highest scoring skills were improving hand-eye-coordination and operative skills (4.7 and 4.6), and the worst was anatomy teaching (3.4). The highest scoring tasks were foreign-body removal and cerebrospinal fluid leak repair (4.4 and 4.0), and the worst was middle-meatal-antrostomy and septoplasty (3.3 and 3.6). Two data points were missing (99.5% completion). All agreed on transferability, incorporation into curriculum, and recommending to colleagues (4.2, 4.5, and 4.4). Conclusion: The sheep model achieved face and content validity and is recommended by experts and trainees for teaching rhinology skills. Advantages include availability, realism, and applicability of acquired skills in rhinology procedures. The model achieved >4/5 Likert scale in teaching endoscopic examination, foreign-body removal, cerebrospinal fluid leak repair, and sphenopalatine artery ligation.


tag=1 data=Myths and realities in our approach to Indonesia. by Richard Woolcott

tag=2 data=Woolcott, Richard

tag=3 data=The Sydney Papers,

tag=4 data=4

tag=5 data=3

tag=6 data=Winter 1992

tag=7 data=80-90.

tag=8 data=SOUTH-EAST ASIA

tag=10 data=The way in which we manage our relations with Indonesia is at the core of our continuing policy thrust into the Asia-Pacific region. It is and will remain a test of our diplomatic maturity as a nation.

tag=11 data=1992/4/11

tag=12 data=92/0698

tag=13 data=CAB


Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children with Downs Syndrome Background: Children with Down's Syndrome (DS) present a higher incidence of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with more complications and shorter survival than healthy children. Objective: To describe clinical characteristics, laboratory and treatment results in patients with DS and ALL. Patients and Method: Retrospective analysis of 42 DS and ALL patients treated in three consecutive trials (1992,1996,2002) from the Pediatric National Cancer Program (PINDA). Clinical data, immunophenotype, cytogenetics and treatment results were analyzed. Results: There was no difference by age or gender, no patient presented LLA-T, t (9;22) o t (4;11). Of the 42 patients, 38 patients went into remission, 10 relapsed (26,3%), 11 died because of infection, none died from other toxicity. Survival at 5 years was 35 ± 9% (median of follow-up was 50 mo), similar for all protocols (p = 0,61). Conclusion: The group of patients with ALL and DS evaluated was not associated with classic treatment resistance factors. The relapse rate was not increased, if compared with non DS ALL patients; in this group the infections were the determinant factor for a lower survival. These patients can be treated with the current trials but they require a detailed infection care. (Key words: Down Syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, chemotherapy). Rev Chil Pediatr 2012; 83 (1): 58-67


As a parallel to the use of this type of ornament as decoration on a Saxon pot, fig. 2 illustrates a fragment of pottery which, together with a typical Saxon loom-weight of ring form, was found at Farnham (at an unspecified site) approximately twenty-five years ago (information supplied by Mr. C. E. Borelli). The main difference lies in the fact that the Farnham example was decorated while the clay was still soft, thus producing a much neater line. It also differed as regards the form, which was that of a small shouldered pot with insloping neck, a shape which agrees with the greater number of the decorated Saxon wares found in this country. The other fragment figured (fig. 3) is also in the Bmsish Museum, having been presented with the remainder of the material (Roman cinerary urns) from the site excavated by Dr. Hooper, F.S.A., close to Deerleap Wood, near Wotton, in 1926 (S.A.C. xxxvii, pt. ii). On examination it proves to be part of a vessel that is identical, both as regards its ware and its form (as far as this is preserved), with the pottery found in a Saxon hut at Farnham, Surrey. The latter was associated with various objects (several loom-weights, an iron knife, a glass bead, and a bronze clasp) all of undoubted early Saxon date. The Wotton fragment is of smooth but uneven brown ware, darker on the inner surface, and with a rough, upturned rim. The type of vessel is well represented in one found at Ewell (London and the Saxons, by R. E. M. Wheeler, p. 134, fig. 17), being of a globular form with slightly flattened base. To judge from the above examples, it seems probable that much of the pottery of supposedly Early Iron Age date in collections throughout the country might, on closer examination, prove to include some pieces that should be assigned to the Saxon period.


VAN STADEN AND HINSHELWOOD'S commentaries raise a number of issues, but there are two particular themes common to both that we pick up in this response. The first theme concerns the reconcilability of Lacanian theory to the disciplines of analytic philosophy and "Anglo-American positivist psychiatry." This is closely related to the relationship between the unconscious and the empirical sciences discussed in the editorial (McConnell and Pickering 2005). The second theme concerns the relevance of Lacanian theory to our understanding of free will and the structure of the mind.


The business judgment rule is a presumption in favor of directors and officers (social
administrators) that protects them from the scrutiny of the Courts over their business
decisions, provided that those decisions are not shown to be illegal, abusive, or vitiated by a
conflict of interest. The Colombian Superintendency of Corporations has applied this rule
by referencing the rulings of the Delaware Courts where it has been developed and used in
order to protect the decisions of the corporate directors and officers. This paper analyzes
how the rule of discretion is being applied in Colombia in relation to its implementation in
Delaware, United States of America.


Background: Negative expression of some poor prognostic markers like ZAP-70 and CD38 in CLL patients failed to show good outcome of the disease which lead to investigate other factors which would affect the disease behavior. Aim of the work: To evaluate prognostic impact of MDR-1 expression and soluble HLA-G level in B-CLL in Zap70 and CD30 negative patients. Methods: MDR-1 expression was measured by flow cytometry and soluble HLA-G level by ELISA in 45 B-CLL patients with ZAP-70 and CD38 are less than 20% and 30% at baseline respectively then we assessed the correlation their expression with the response to treatment. Results: Our results showed despite there was a higher level in the mean percentage of MDR-1 in the CD5+ CD19+ cells in patients who achieved partial remission (PR) compared to patients in complete remission (CR) but it was not statistically significance. On the other hand, the Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) of the expression of MDR-1 was significantly higher in patients with PR compared to patients with CR (P=0.04). Regarding the soluble HLA-G there was no significant difference in its baseline expression between patients who achieved either PR or CR. Conclusion: Our findings support the possibility of considering MDR-1 using its MFI as a prognostic marker. However, the level of soluble HLA-G brings no additional prognostic value.


In this study, internal energy (U), electric field (E) and particle number (N) which specify the system quantities i.e. thermodynamical quantities for the proteins. In the frame of thermodynamical formalism, the relation between the heat capacity at effective field CE and the heat capacity at total dipole moment CM and the relations for the increment of enthalpy ∆H , entropy ∆S and Gibbs energy ∆G which come out in the dissolving of the proteins in water have been obtained. By thinking about the present system being in the heat bath the canonical distribution function, by considering the system in heat and electric field bath the macro canonical distribution function and once more by taking the system in heat and particle number bath the macro canonical distribution function have been calculated. Partition functions have been related to the macro canonical quantities with the help of the free energy. Understanding the structure of the proteins have been endeavoured by fitting the theoretical calculations to the curves of experimental results.


This paper discusses the major reforms achieved to date regarding womens status in Islamic societies in the following areas: 1) capacity to marry; 2) polygamy; 3) divorce; 4) custody of children; and; 5) succession. Most Muslim countries have now introduced minimum ages for marriage; 18 in the case of boys and for girls 15 in Tunisia and Morocco; 16 in Egypt and Pakistan and; 17 in Jordan and Syria. However with few exceptions marriages contracted between parties below the minimum age are still recognized as legally valid although penal sanctions are imposed in some cases. Polygamy is allowed in traditional Islamic law but in recent years many Muslim societies have sought to restrict the practice of polygamy. However only Tunisia; Israel; Turkey and the Soviet Union have prohibited polygamy altogether and have declared polygamous marriages contracted subsequent to the prohibition to be void. In Iraq; Singapore; and 2 Malay states permission of the court is requried for a husband wishing to marry a 2nd wife. Polygamy has not been restricted directly in Morocco and Lebanon but a woman is allowed to insert stipulations into her marriage contract that her husband will not take a 2nd wife. Divorce laws vary among Muslim countries but there has been a unilateral curtailment of the husbands freedom to terminate the marriage; in many cases just causes or grounds for divorce are required as are compensations for the wives being divorced. The father traditionally gains custody of the children in divorce cases but throughout the greater part of the Muslim world today this rule is being relaxed with the welfare of the child being the paramount principle underlying recent reforms. Important reforms have been made too in recognizing the right of women to inherit on an intestacy.


We tested the reform of the teaching conditions and teaching mode for food analysis courses,and reinforced both of their knowledge basis and teaching skill for the students.Backing classroom to normal student meets the core requirement of the students in normal universities who indeed want a teaching stage.It can act as central and important link and may lead to the solution of the aporia of teaching reform.


BACKGROUND:Post transplantation patients are usually considerably immunosuppressed in order to allow for graft survival. However despite adequate immunosuppression these patients may go on to develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We describe 9 cases of pediatric transplant patients who developed de novo inflammatory bowel disease whilst on immunosuppression. METHODS:The records of all pediatric patients who had been diagnosed with IBD post liver, isolated intestine or multivisceral transplants at our centre were assessed. Data on their symptomatology, endoscopy reports, pathology, serology and radiology reports were collected. Patients who had been diagnosed with IBD prior to transplantation were excluded. RESULTS:Nine patients (3 girls, 6 boys) developed de novo IBD post transplantation. Four of these had undergone liver transplants, 3 liver/intestine, 1 isolated intestine and 1 liver/intestine/bone marrow. Two patients were transplanted for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH): of these 1 also had primary sclerosing cholangitis, 1 for ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, 2 for necrotizing enterocolitis, 1 for intestinal atresia, 2 for gastroschisis and 1 etiology of liver failure was unknown. Only 2 patients had any personal history of autoimmune disease. Six patients (66%) were diagnosed with Crohn's, 2 (22%) with indeterminate and 1 (11%) with ulcerative colitis (UC). The diagnosis of IBD occurred 5–18 years after transplant (mean = 10.1 years). All patients were on Prograf (100%) for immunosuppression at time of diagnosis, 2 were also on MMF (22%), 3 also on Medrol (30%) and 1 was also on MMF and rapamycin (11%). Patients presented with an array of symptoms including diarrhea, abdominal pain, growth failure and anemia; 1 had fistulizing disease. There were 5 of 6 patients (83.3%) who had positive serology, (4 had only positive ASCA, 1 had positive ASCA and ANCA), 3 patients did not have serology drawn. Five patients failed treatment with salicylates and elevated Prograf dosing and required escalation of care to 6MP (1 patient) and infliximab (4 patients, 44%). CONCLUSIONS:The use of Prograf was not protective against development of IBD in these patients and we question whether immunosuppressive therapy may actually play a role in the development of de novo IBD. These patients presented with a full spectrum of IBD but were more likely to develop Crohn's disease than UC. They were more likely to have positive serology than is typically seen in IBD patients. In addition they did not respond well to salicylates or increased Prograf dosing requiring biologics 44% of time suggesting aggressive disease. It is important for clinicians to be aware of possibility of IBD after transplant as the presentation may be confused with rejection or infection and may delay institution of appropriate treatment.


The dialectic relationship between the mode of leisure and the mode of production means that the mode of leisure as the way of life and the way of cultural development is also necessarily human beings' way of enjoying and developing.In its essence,human beings' enjoying and developing is directly unified with the internal contradiction in the mode of leisure,or the contradiction between the capacity for leisure and relations of leisure.We should make a conscious effort to develop a humanistic leisure culture so as better to realize the humanistic functions of leisure and further to transform such societal values as happiness and wealth.


II TABLE OF FIGURES VII GLOSSARY 1 1 PROJECT INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 ABOUT THIS PROJECT 3 1.2 BACKGROUND 4 1.3 RESEARCH PROBLEM 6 1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 6 1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 7 1.6 RESOURCES 8 1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS 8 2 MMORPG CONCEPTS & OSS 11 2.


Landscape services employment has grown significantly in the USA over the last 20 years in contrast to the continuing decline in employment in production agriculture. However, tracking growth in landscape services is complicated by the lack of data and outdated or inappropriate classification systems. This article establishes basic definitions and reviews existing national data on landscape services. Based on this review and experience collecting data on landscape services in Hawaii, recommendations are made for changing Standard Industrial and Occupational Classification systems to enable better future analysis.


Article history Received: 28 June 2020 Accepted: 31 July 2020 Published Online: 31 January 2021 In today's world some changes have been occurred in human lifestyle, these changes, along with the advantages, have led to a series of disadvantages including their disconnection with the nature. One of the most important areas to re-establish the relationship is the school. The presence of nature at schools, and holding some classes in nature, in addition to meeting the special needs of children causes their separation from those small and boring classes as well as their interest in courses . This study aimed to investigate the role of nature in children's learning. For this purpose, third, fourth and fifth grade classes of 3 schools were held outside the school environment and in the nature in 5 courses. The study is a combinational research and field, indirect observation and library data collection methods were applied, where in the indirect observation, two types of questionnaires were prepared related to the students and teachers and were randomly distributed among 580 students and 50 elementary school teachers. Test reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and it was obtained to be 0.890. The results of this study indicate that the physical place as one of the factors in children's learning has the maximum impact on teaching and learning of children. At the end of the study and by investigating the existing factors in the environment we understood that the expansion of the nature and natural light of it causes the students' interest in lessons in nature.


BTM 11 is unknown species of microalgae, but has active compounds that can inhibit viruses. One of proteins produced by microalgae is a lectin. Lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein found in various microalgae that show antiviral and antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to perform identification of the species of microalgae BTM 11, isolation, characterization, and assay of lectin inhibitory activity. Microalgae BTM 11 was identified to have homology with Cyanobacterium 99% and Geitlerinema sp 98%. Lectin of microalgae BTM 11 was isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation of 75% with a molecular weight of 17 kDa. Lectin protein activity of microalgae BTM 11 was able to inhibit the enzyme activity of RNA helicase hepatitis C by 57.90% and 27.55%. In addition, the protein was able to suppress the activity of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 , E. coli EPEC K.1.1. and Salmonella typhii ATCC 25241 . Activitiy of lectin was stable at 30 °C and was unaffected by the action of the enzyme. These results indicate that lectin of microalgae BTM 11 could be a alternative to antiviral and antibacterial proteins.


This article studies a nasri sword blade attributed to the sultan from Granada Muḥammad V. The study is focus in its inscriptions, sources and chronology, as well as its relation to other nasri swords.


This chapter reports literature from the ERIC system that highlights issues and concerns regarding minority student retention and learning success withing community colleges. Factors contributing to declining retention rates and effective programming strategies designed to address continues participation of students of color are discussed.


■ Fundamental Weighting Weighting on sales or earnings is an indirect value signal, but without controlling for price. ■ Risk-Focused vs. Return-Focused Highlights two fundamentally different views of how to implement factors: Smart beta is focused on risk; Factor Alpha is focused on returns. ■ Risk Controls Risk controls help augment a return-focused Factor Alpha process ■ Using Active Share Active Share can be a useful tool for allocators to understand alignment of alpha signal and portfolio construction, as well as understand appropriate fee structures.


Smart antenna was introduced,and the application of DOA estimation was also described. The smart antenna coherent signals using MUSIC algorithm and its amendments,improved methods for DOA estimation was analyzed. Through a detailed demonstration and simulation experiments,the results show that the two referred certain advantages based on the classic MUSIC algorithm correction and improved algorithm in DOA estimation can provide a reference for DOA Estimation application.


Abstract A four-month simulation of the thermodynamic portion of the Parkinson-Washington sea ice model was conducted using atmospheric boundary conditions that were obtained from a pre-computed seasonal simulation of the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences' Gencral Circulation Model (GLAS GCM). The sea ice thickness and distribution were predicted for the 1 January–30 April period based on the GCM-generated fields of solar and infrared radiation, specific humidity and air temperature at the surface, and snow accumulation. The sensible heat and evaporative fluxes at the surface are mutually consistent with the ground temperatures generated by the ice model and the air temperatures generated by the atmospheric model. In general, in the Northern Hemisphere the predicted ice distributions and the wintertime accretion and southward advance of the pack ice are well simulated. The computed ice thickness in the Southern Hemisphere appears reasonable, but the Antarctic melt season is extended, causing ice...


In the article was defined the notion "organizational and pedagogical conditions of social workers professional self-improvement in resource centers". During the study there was defined and experimentally verified the next organizational and pedagogical conditions of the social workers self-improvement in resource centers: taking into account informative and methodological needs of social workers; favoring the partner interaction of social workers with representatives of the state and non-governmental organizations; methodical supporting the social workers in resource centers of the social-workers professional self-improvement. There was defined the task of the experimental program and carried out an approbation of the results of researches that were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. After experiment the positive changes in attitude to the use of resource center services for attaining professional self-improvement took place in experimental groups and so far as in the control groups these shifts are statistically unchangeable it indicates an effectiveness of introduced organizational and pedagogical conditions for social workers self-improvement in resource centers. There was observed the growth of motivation of the participants of experiment such as forming and strengthening the positive position toward professional activity and resource centers functioning; respondents demonstrated an increase of the level of awareness about the current programs of centers; expressed an interest and took active participation in the planning of resource centers programs, monitoring studies for clarification of the informative and methodological needs of users and so on. The results of experiments testify to the positive dynamics in all three components of the professional self-improvement of social workers as users of resource centers namely: motivational one, cognitive one and operational one


Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is considered a non‐hereditary disorder. Evaluation of the few familial cases might provide insight into its aetiology and pathogenesis. We conducted a survey to identify familial LCH cases. Data on family history, zygosity assessment in twins, clinical and laboratory features, treatment outcome, and present status were collected. According to variable confidence for twins monozygosity assessment, we termed these pairs 'presumed monozygotic' (pMZ). Nine families had more than one affected relative: five with LCH‐concordant twin pairs, four with LCH in siblings or cousins. Three twin pairs not concordant for LCH were also studied. Overall, four of five pMZ twin pairs and one of three dizygotic (DZ) pairs were concordant for LCH. The pMZ twins had simultaneous and early disease onset (mean age 5.4 months); onset was at 21 months in the DZ pair. Clinical features were similar in the pMZ pairs. One pair of DZ twins had disseminated LCH. The three healthy twins (one pMZ, two DZ) remain asymptomatic 0.3, 5.9 and 4.7 years, respectively, after disease onset in their co‐twins. Of the two families with affected non‐twin siblings, one had known parental consanguinity and the other possible consanguinity. Potential consanguinity was also present in one of the two families with affected first cousins. Our data support high LCH concordance rates in pMZ twins and add the finding of LCH concordance in one of three dizygotic pairs studied. Taken together with our identification of LCH in siblings and first cousins from known or possibly consanguineous families, and with prior reports of three affected parent–child pairs, the data support a role for genetic factor(s) in LCH. The work‐up of newly diagnosed patients should include a careful, extensive family history and chromosome studies. When possible, constitutional and/or lesional DNA should be obtained for future study.


In this paper we work out in detail a new proposal to define rigorously a sector of loop quantum gravity at the diffeomorphism invariant level corresponding to homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies, and propose how to compare in detail the physics of this sector with that of loop quantum cosmology. The key technical steps we have completed are (a) to formulate conditions for homogeneity and isotropy in a diffeomorphism covariant way on the classical phase space of general relativity, and (b) to translate these conditions consistently using well-understood techniques to loop quantum gravity. To impose the symmetry at the quantum level, on both the connection and its conjugate momentum, the method used necessarily has similiarities to the Gupta–Bleuler method of quantizing the electromagnetic field. Lastly, a strategy for embedding states of loop quantum cosmology into this new homogeneous isotropic sector, and using this embedding to compare the physics, is presented.


IOT has seen countless potential applications that can improve our lives dramatically, but after years of efforts by numerous companies and organizations, the beautiful dreams are yet to be realized. The main obstacles are cost and energy consumption constraints of the devices and systems, which still cannot be contained. As a step forward in improving the reliability and reducing the cost and energy consumption of IOT devices and systems, we propose a high-level model for efficient design-space exploration, which is called the symbiotic system (SS) model. Based on that, we propose a quorum-sensing model for SS to improve the reliability of IOT systems that contain subsystems. Experimental result shows that, with the SS approach, the lifetime of an example IOT storage system with 50K failure-in-time/Mb nodes can be extended by 74.41 %. In addition, to double the lifetime of the system, only 5% additional repair resource is required. In short, by the SS model, it is possible for an IOT system to achieve low cost, low energy consumption, and high reliability.


The final chapter summarises the book's main findings and their significance. It then considers the future for radical right populists at European level and the factors for and against the creation of a lasting, unique, ideologically homogenous radical right populist group. These include the potentially unifying effects of the post-Brexit withdrawal of the UK Conservatives and UKIP, and divisive issues such as the very diverse attitudes to Russia and Vladimir Putin found among radical right populists. The chapter argues that, given greater public support for EU membership and the fact that the chief concern of radical right populists, namely immigration, is perceived first and foremost as a European issue, radical right populists are likely in the coming years to continue to mix "international populism" and "transnational populism", by presenting themselves not just as saviours of their nations, but of Europe.


Several different polyurethane acrylates were synthesized by different polyhydric alcohols with IPDI and HEA.With same light-sensitive monomer,initiator and other assistants the UV curable adhesive was prepared,and the influence of polyhydric alcohols structure on the curing speed,adhesion strength and film properties of that were studied.The results proved that the soft section of polyurethane had important influences on the UV curable adhesive performances,and the polyurethane with proper properties could be obtained by selecting properly polyhydric alcohols structure.


I want to propose an experimental plan that could prove to become the beginning of a renewal in our education today. And for such a renewal, I suggest that our first critical step is to be philosophical. We should not now think that in education we have many problems for which we have yet to discover new solutions -- when, in fact we have only one problem that requires only one solution. Indeed, the answer is simple when we simply ask the right question. I refer to one problem and to one solution -- with a deliberate emphasis on the word one. Because the key that we want is in the idea of oneness -- that is, in a unity or wholeness, as opposed to a division or separation. Now it seems to me that we need a new model for modern education. And that I find in geometry -- in a circle with a center. This circle may symbolically represent our physical universe which in uni means "one," and in verse means "to turn." The center -- as "the point of it all" -- is m a representative individual human being who is universal in outlook. Every individual is a "first person" in the pronoun "T" which is also a sign for "one." So it is that primarily everyone is solely a part of -- and not apart from -- what is around one. Then when I imagine myself to be the first person here on planet earth, the first question I ask is the beginning of a quest or a search -- with the words search and circle both being from the same Indo-European root SKER/KER from which is derived our creation. Then I also imagine that all human activity is significantly centered around finding our center. Now, our crisis (which will become our critical "turning point") in education today is related to the question of a separation between church and state. That is, we theoretically and practically seem to expect our public schools to transmit a certain knowledge, while at the same time we are ambivalently willing to preserve, in the custody of our religious affiliations, a certain understanding. And if that be so, in consequence of our allowing a separation between our knowledge and understanding, we obviously are at risk of both a personal and a social disintegration or dissolution. And it should become equally obvious to every philosophical educator that we must approvingly concentrate on the renewal of a personal and a social integrity. If we want a social renewal, then we must first begin with a personal renewal. The fact is that every individual person is centered in a social order or disorder which depends on whether or not the society focuses its education "to lead out, and to bring up" every individual as an integral part of the whole. A society will never be any better than its individual constituents. We may note that an "individual," by definition, is "indivisible, inseparable." And an "integrated" person expresses the idea(1) "to bring together the parts of an integral whole -- to make whole, renew, begin again." So that every new child is always, potentially, society's opportunity to begin again to experience a renewal. A personal integrity is in consequence of experiencing (same root as experimenting) a whole and wholesome mind-and the social consequences should be significant. Now, integrity is something that is good. And everyone wants what is good because no one wants what is bad. When we are and do good, then we cannot be and do bad. Good is always at the expense of bad, and vice versa. Furthermore, good can lead to excellence that is ultimately in an individual rather than in a society which becomes only an average of its individuals within a representative government. However, an independent person with integrity may learn to be self-governed -- to become ideally and willingly lawful within, and not dependent on externally imposed law which is usually enacted only after the event of something bad, but is unnecessary when everything is good. …


Neurotoxicity is a side effect of acyclovir. We report the first case, to our knowledge, whereby Bayesian‐informed clearance estimates supported a therapeutic intervention for acyclovir‐associated neurotoxicity.


The quick and easy monitoring of heavy metals in drinking water is utmost important due to their harmful effects on human health. In this work, a GaN-based high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) sensor has been fabricated using optical lithography and explored as a prospective sensor for the determination of trace Pb2+ ions present in the water. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was synthesized by a single-step combustion method. The g-C3N4 nanosheets were used to functionalize the gate area of the fabricated GaN HEMT sensor to investigate the presence of Pb2+ metal ions in water. The g-C3N4 functionalized sensor exhibited a sensitivity of around $0.46 \mu \text{A}$ /ppb with 0.32 ppb, as the limit of detection (LoD) is much below the international set standards. Moreover, the real-time measurements on lake water were performed using the developed GaN HEMT sensor to detect the presence of Pb2+ ions in real samples in a fast and ultrasensitive manner. We anticipate that the reported work will certainly serve as a proof-of-concept to develop heavy metal ion sensors.


Due to its practical importance x-ray absorption (XRA) tomography is becoming a widely applied technique for reconstruction of gas temperature distribution in high intensity discharge lamps. Most of the previous papers have dealt with the cylindrically symmetric plasmas that normally occur when lamps are burned vertically. In this work, a XRA tomographic diagnostic is applied for the first time to a high-pressure metal-halide lamp with a bent arc. X-ray lamp-off and lamp-on measurements have been made for two orthogonal directions. The maximum entropy-based algorithm was applied for the reconstruction of local absorption coefficients which are directly related to the local values of mercury density and plasma temperature. For correct reconstruction of the temperature profile at the edges a new numerical strategy based on the adaptive regularization parameter is developed. This strategy allows use of the measured value of the wall temperature as a reference point to obtain a quantitative temperature distribution.


In this paper, we present the results of the investigation of impact of tensile and compressive stress on the classical Barkhausen effect, magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) signal properties, and B(H) hysteresis loops for grain-oriented (GO) electrical steel. Samples have been glued to a nonmagnetic steel bar and stressed within elastic range (±800 μdef) by means of four-point bending method. The samples were cut out in two directions (parallel - RD and transversal - TD to the rolling direction). The intensities of the Barkhausen effect and MAE are given by root-mean-square voltage envelopes. There were also calculated and compared integrals of those envelopes calculated for one period of magnetization. Tensile and compressive stresses lead to the specific and nonmonotonic evolution of the envelopes of both signals and their integrals. Qualitative discussion of these features leads to the conclusion that complementary study of both effects allows for a nondestructive, quick inspection of stress state of GO electrical steel sheets.


One-way ANOVA experiment on extracting time,extracting temperature and the ratio of solid to solution were conducted,in order to find the response of astragalus polysaccharide's yield to these factors.Parameters were analyzed by regression equation,and optimized with response surface methodology.It showed that at the temperature of 100℃,on the condition of the 1∶8 ratio of solid to solution,the sugars reached the maximum concentration in 60 min.However,at the same temperature,for the 60 min extraction,the sugar concentration reached the maximum on the 1∶6 ratio.Still on the 1∶6 ratio,the sugar concentration reached the maximum at the temperature of 100℃ in 60 min.The optimized joints of these three parameters were basically consistent.


The features of microstructure and theirinfluence on mechanical properties onstress-rupture as well as thermal fatigue ofdirectionally solidified DZ38G nickel-base su-peralloy have been investigated.It has beenfound that the contents of carbides on grainboundaries are increased and morphology of γ'-precipitates has been changed after testing.Particularly γ'-precipitates coalesced intoraft-like in morphology perpendicular to theapplied stress-axis have been observed thathas no detrimental effect on the stress-rupturebehaviour.The tendency of σ-formation hasalso been discussed.The σ-phase can be avoidedwhen the process parameters are chosenappropriately during solidification.


The Multiple Mirror Telescope uses six 1.8 m diameter folded Cassegrain telescopes to achieve the collecting area equivalent to that of a single 4.5 m telescope. However, for some applications, this capability is realized only if the images are brought to a common focus and coaligned in such a way that the overlapping images appear to result from a single primary. The method of adjustment used at the MMT to coalign the six images does not involve the primaries or the tertiaries; instead, the cassegrain secondary mirrors are tilted in orthogonal axes. Since the SPIE Conference on Advanced Technology Optical Telescopes in March 1982, the MMT has rebuilt the optical configuration used to sense image positions at the focal plane (the top box) so that image stacking, automatic guiding, and star acquisition can be made fully operational procedures. This report describes the coalignment system and the results of tests to date.


Abstract Student research projects are becoming either integral or optional components of Science curricula in several countries. They provide a valuable opportunity for high school students to experience many of the joys and frustrations that make up the intellectual challenge of Science. Astronomy is one branch of Science that lends itself to student projects. Student Research Projects (SRPs) can be individual, group or collaborative between groups in other schools or countries and may involve professional mentors. Use of the Internet and remote access telescopes allow students to undertake challenging research and make worthwhile contributions to professional programs. This paper presents case studies of student projects in optical and radio astronomy from Australian and overseas schools and details both the benefits and problems faced in conducting such projects. Student responses to involvement in projects are discussed. Potential areas for future collaboration and development are highlighted together with the need for more research as to the most effective ways to implement projects and develop student skills.


In modern Chinese, a series of grammatical forms composed of A and represented by -A-A, can express a unique grammatical meaning: the ex tension of quantity(including that of actions or objects). The most important fu nction of A in these forms is not in mood but to carry the meaning of quantity e xtension. In this case, A presents the function of a sub-category mark. This sp ecial function is just derived from that of mood. So the meaning of subjective e valuation arises, and the tiny differences between the series of forms lay out d ifferent extension of quantity.


The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the European witch craze in the period 1300-1500 by attemp ting to evaluate two sets of theories. Among the significant findings are that substantial differences exist between the patterns of witchcraft persecution before and after 1420, that differing regions have patterns of witchcraft, and that these patterns are also shaped by demographic factors. The se demographic factors relate to the interplay of urban cha racteristics of witchcraft hunting. One of the most impor tant recommendations of this paper is that future research pays more attention to the role of urbanization processes in defining witch persecution.


This research social studies lesson has not been done well in SDN 24 Lembah Malintang  Pasaman Barat. This is evident from the results of the planning assessment cycle I gained an average of 87.5 increased in the second cycle to 96. Implementation aspects of teacher appraisal cycle I gained an average of 84.5 increased to 97 in the second cycle and the first cycle aspects of students gained an average of 83.5 increased in the second cycle to 97. As well as student learning outcomes in the cycle I gained an average of 79.8 increased in the second cycle to 88. Thus it can be said that the inquiry method can improve the learning outcomes of students in the SDN Lembah Malintang 24 Pasaman Barat. Kata Kunci : hasil belajar, pembelajaran IPS, inkuiri


In this paper we describe some of the constructions of FJRW theory. We also briefly describe its relation to Saito-Givental theory via Landau-Ginzburg mirror symmetry and its relation to Gromov-Witten theory via the Landau-Ginzburg/Calabi-Yau correspondence. We conclude with a discussion of some of the recent results in the field.


The development of a geodesic beam finite element for use with a specific circular cylindrical shell finite element in the analysis of reinforced circular cylinders is described.

The basic strain and curvature change equations are given and, from these, three versions of the geodesic beam element are developed. Two of the beams have nodal degress-of-freedom identical with the shell element. They differ in the treatment of the terms relating to rotation about the principal normal. The first version ignores this parameter but, under certain circumstances, the stiffness matrix contains terms which can contribute to the strain energy under arbitrary rigid body movement of the beam. This deficiency is removed by applying an aspect of Koiter's theory which is used to transform the curvature change equations.

The introduction of additional rotational degress-of-freedom, at the end nodes of the beam element, produces a variation which is capable of accurately representing and transmitting in-surface bending effects to an adjoining beam element.

Numerical evaluation successfully compares finite element solutions to basic problems for straight, circular and helical beams with theoretical strain energy solutions. Finally the beam is used in conjunction with a shell element to analyse an infinitely long circular cylinder, reinforced with equispaced rings, subjected to internal pressure.


The various schemes for studying rigidly rotating perfect fluids in general relativity are reviewed. General conclusions one may draw from these are: (i) There is a need to restrict the scope of the possible ansätze, and (ii) the angular behaviour is a valuable commodity. This latter observation follows from a large number of analytic models exhibiting a NUT‐like behaviour. A method of getting around problem (ii) is presented on a simple example. To alleviate problem (i) for rigidly rotating perfect fluids, approximation schemes based on a series expansion in the angular velocity are suggested. A pioneering work, due to Hartle, explores the global properties of matched space‐times to quadratic order in the angular velocity.


This article offers a critical study of the place that Jaime Saenz occupies within the broader context of translated literatures to shed light on the construction of his image as a writer both in Bolivia and in the countries in which he has been translated. How is Saenz's work viewed from a global perspective? I propose a methodology that analyzes and visualizes web media to study Saenz's position vis-à-vis his Bolivian and Latin American peers within the local and global mediation scene. I read Saenz's work through a web media map that visualizes him diachronically within a framework that considers his production and reception by publishers, editors, translators, literary agents, critics and sponsors, in national and international contexts. In this article I focus on showing the editorial mediation processes of Saenz's work comparatively and in relation not only to literature, but to the broader cultural field, which includes the social sciences and audiovisual arts. The image of a writer that results from this process (dark, accursed, esoteric, and associated with a mystical Andean spirituality) adds symbolic value and  prestige to the author.  A web media analysis helps to visualize how this added value was created over time and within its socio-political contexts.


' The effect of nicorandil on cardiac function and clinical outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomised trial '


A detonable mixture was ignited by hypersonic spherical projectiles whose velocities were about 1.2 times and 1.8 times of Chapman-Jouget (C-J) velocity. Acetylene / oxygen mixtures diluted with argon or krypton were used with various initial pressures (detonation cell sizes). Using Shadowgraph / Schlieren imaging system and high speed video camera, we directly visualized detailed time history (1 Ps intervals) about a shock-induced combustion (SIC), a stabilized oblique detonation wave (ODW), and an intermediate phenomenon consisting of both SIC and ODW regions (Straw Hat types). The criticality of stabilizing ODW around a projectile was expressed by the ratio of the projectile diameter, d, to the cell size, O, as about d / O = 3.5 or 6.0 for diluted with argon or krypton respectively. Intermediate phenomena observed in the vicinity of criticality were divided into two propagation types and were unstable at boundaries of SIC and ODW. The one was that ODW region was gradually disappeared from the boundaries and another was that ODW region was sasutained by local explosions on the SIC region. This sustaining mechanism was revealed by the almost spherical detonations generated periodically by local explosions on the SIC region, when the projectile velocity was 1.8 times higher than C-J velocity.


The objective of this research project is to evaluate the potential of SCF extraction for separating the catalyst slurry of a Fischer- Tropsch (F-T) slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor into two fractions: (1) a catalyst-free wax containing less than 10 ppm particulate matter and (2) a concentrated catalyst slurry that is ready for recycle or regeneration. The wax will be extracted with a hydrocarbon solvent that has a critical temperature near the operating temperature of the SBC reactor, i.e., 200-300{degrees}C. Initial work is being performed using n-hexane as the solvent. The success of the project depends on two major factors. First, the supercritical solvent must be able to dissolve the F-T wax; furthermore, this must be accomplished without entraining the solid catalyst. Second, the extraction must be controlled so as not to favor the removal of the low molecular weight wax compounds, i.e., a constant carbon-number distribution of the alkanes in the wax slurry must be maintained at steady-state column operation. To implement our objectives, the following task structure is being implemented: Task 1 equilibrium solubility measurements; Task 2 thermodynamic modeling; and Task 3 process design studies. Progress reports are presented for each task.


To protect domestic industry against injury caused by subsidized imports countervailing measures can be established. They are imposed under Department of Commerce order. Interested party has a right to request review of order that establishes countervailing measures to be carried out in administrative or judicial procedure. Both procedures are formed by its' types which are characterized in a varying features of such order review procedure. Periodic review, review for new exporters and producers, review based on changed circumstances and five-year review are types of administrative reviews. Periodic review of amount of duty according to American retrospective system is a procedural mechanism of factual countervailing duty amount assessment. At least once during each 12-month period beginning on the date of publication of a countervailing duty order the administering authority, if a request for such a review has been received and after publication of notice of such review in the Federal Register shall review and determine the amount of any net countervailing subsidy and publish in the Federal Register the results of such review, together with notice of any duty to be assessed, estimated duty to be deposited, or investigation to be resumed. Review for new exporters and producers is carried out if interested party is able to prove that it has not been exporting the merchandise that come within the order. Review based on changed circumstances is carried out on any interested party request which provides data indicating on necessity of such review conduction but not less than 24 months after the date of publication of notice of that determination or order. Five-year review is carried out once in 5 years to determine if the cancelation of order lead to negative results as continuation of subsidization or its' increase that subsequently lead to national economy injury. During reviews individual rates of duty for exporters and producers are established, necessity of using established rate of duty and the issue of possible consequences of order cancelation are considered depending on the type of review. Judicial review can be divided into national which embodies 3 degree of jurisdiction (U.S. Court of International Trade, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and U.S. Supreme Court) and supranational (bi-national panel review in NAFTA). Bi-national panel comprise five independent and qualified experts the majority of whom are lawyers. Each party is to select two panel members and the fifth is to be agreed upon or failing agreement nominated by a party chosen by lot that is governed by NAFTA Annex 1901.2. Their reports are binding upon the parties. Preferably they are to be executed via non-implementation or removal of the unlawful measures. In case of failure to comply with report the complaining party may exercise trade sanctions against the recalcitrant party.


Periosteal chondrosarcoma is a rare, malignant cartilage‐forming neoplasm originating from the periosteal surface of bone. We collected 38 cases from the archives of the Netherlands Committee on Bone Tumours, with the aim of studying histological features and evaluating the involvement of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), EXT, Wnt/β‐catenin, the pRB pathway (CDK4 and p16), and the TP53 pathway (p53 and MDM2).


Silica based adsorbent sequentially modified with polyhexamethylene guanidine and 7-iodine-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (Ferron) was proposed for adsorption-photometric and test-determination of Fe(III) in natural water. During adsorption of Fe(III) from solutions with pH 2.0-3.5 adsorbent became green colored. Formation of green-colored surface complex of Fe(III) with Ferron with the maximum in diffuse reflectance spectrum at 600 nm was used for developing the procedure of its adsorption-photometric determination. Detection limit calculated by 3s-criterion was 0.03 μg/0.1 g of adsorbent (3 μg/L if the adsorption was carried out from 10 mL of solution); the analytical range was 10 – 220 μg/L. Test-method was proposed for quick visual determination of Fe(III) in natural water in the variant of test-scale. Developed procedures were tested for determination of iron in natural river water of Krasnoyarskii kray and mineral water "Zagorie"


We have measured the in-plane anisotropy of the vortex mobility in a thin Pb film with a square array of antidots. Τhe Lorentz force, acting on the vortices, was rotated by adding two perpendicular currents and keeping the amplitude of the net current constant. One set of voltage probes was used to detect the vortex motion. We show that the pinning landscape provided by the square antidot lattice influences the vortex motion in two different ways. First, the modulus of the vortex velocity becomes angular dependent with a lower mobility along the diagonals of the pinning array. Second, the vortex displacement is preferentially parallel to the principal axes of the underlying pinning lattice, giving rise to a misalignment between the vortex velocity and the applied Lorentz force. We show that this anisotropic vortex motion is temperature dependent and progressively fades out when approaching the normal state.


OBJECTIVE
To study the effect of the traditional Chinese herbal drug Ciwujia in inducing the differentiation of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) into neuron-like cells.

METHODS
Rat MSCs isolated from the whole bone marrow were amplified by adherent culture in vitro and induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells using serum-free DMEM/F12 containing Ciwujia. The protein and mRNA expressions of nestin, beta-Tubulin III and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the differentiated cells were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method, Western blotting and RT-PCR.

RESULTS
The third-passage MSCs showed positive expression rates for CD44 and CD54 beyond 90% with decreased CD14 expression rate to 2.37%. Induction by Ciwujia of the MSCs resulted in cell body shrinkage and protrusion of the cell processes resembling those of neurons. The differentiated cells were positive for nestin and beta-Tubulin III expression and negative for GFAP as shown by immunofluorescence assay, Western blotting and RT-PCR.

CONCLUSION
Ciwujia can induce the differentiation of rat MSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro.


Precipitation is one of the important factors in the hydrological cycle. It needs to understand accurate of spatial precipitation field because it has large spatio-temporal variability. Precipitation data obtained through the Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission (TRMM) 3B43 product is inaccurate because it has 25 km space scale. Downscaling of TRMM 3B43 product can increase the accuracy of spatial precipitation field from 25 km to 1 km scale. The relationship between precipitation and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) (1 km space scale) which is obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) sensor loaded in Terra satellite is variable at different scales. Therefore regression equations were established and these equations apply to downscaling. Two renormalization strategies, Geographical Difference Analysis (GDA) and Geographical Ratio Analysis (GRA) are implemented for correcting the differences between remote sensing-derived and rain gauge data. As for considering the GDA method results, biases, the root mean-squared error (RMSE), MAE and Index of agreement (IOA) is equal to 4.26 mm, 172.16 mm, 141.95 mm, 0.64 in 2009 and 17.21 mm, 253.43 mm, 310.56 mm, 0.62 in 2011. In this study, we can see the 1km spatial precipitation field map over Korea. It will be possible to get more accurate spatial analysis of the precipitation field through using the additional rain gauges or radar data.


Small internal combustion engines, particularly those ranging in power from 1 kW to 10 kW, propel many remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) platforms that play an increasingly significant role in the Department of Defense. Efficiency of these engines is low compared to conventional scale engines and thermal losses are a significant contributor to total energy loss. Existing thermal energy loss models are based on data from much larger engines. Whether these loss models scale to the engine size class of interest, however, has yet to be established. The Small Engine Research Bench (SERB) was used to measure crank angle resolved gas temperature inside the combustion chamber of a small internal combustion engine (ICE). A 55 cc, twostroke, spark-ignition ICE was selected for this study. The engine was modified for optical analysis using sapphire rods 1.6 mm in diameter on opposite sides of the combustion chamber. The engine modification was found to have no measurable impact on indicated mean effective pressure or heat rejection through the cylinder. FTIR absorption thermometry was used to collect mid-infrared absorption spectra. The FTIR was allowed to scan continuously while simultaneously recording the scanning mirror position and crank angle associated with each data point, then data was re-sorted by crank angle. Measured spectra were compared with lines generated using CDSD-4000 and HITEMP line list databases. The line of best fit corresponded to the mean gas temperature through the combustion chamber. In this way temperature was determined as a function of crank angle for three operating conditions: 4,300, 6,000, and 7,500 revolutions per minute, all at wide open throttle. High cycle-to-cycle variation in the regions of combustion and gas exchange degraded temperature measurements at the affected crank angles. Future research will attempt to improve signal to noise in these measurements.


The objectives of this study include determining t he level of achievement of students in a control and in an experimental class along the following higher order thinking skills: analysis, inference, and evaluation, after demonstr ation strategy was implemented in the experimental class; and determining the level of ac hievement of the students in the experimental class when they are grouped according to gender and according to multiple intelligences, along the aforementioned thinking skills. Results indicat e that the experimental group's achievement is at a moderate level along analysis and evaluation a nd at a high level along inference, while the control group had an achievement at a moderate leve l in all the three skills. Both males and females of the experimental group achieved at a mod erate level. The Logical-math group achieved high in analysis and very high in inferenc e and evaluation. The Bodily-kinesthetic group achieved average or moderate along analysis and inf erence and high in evaluation. The Interpersonal group achieved low in analysis and av erage in inference and evaluation. Linguistic, Musical and Visual spatial groups achieved high in inference and average in analysis and evaluation. Intrapersonal group achieved average in all the three skills.


The present invention discloses a linear cutter stapling apparatus comprising: a body, a staple cartridge holder, to push the knife bar, the knife, the cartridge frame is provided with a staple cartridge, the staple cartridge equipped with a firing block, the push the firing Arbor push block moves; the cartridge frame is provided with bosses safety action, the distal end of said cutter is provided with a leaf spring, said upper elastic piece is fixedly connected with a stopper, driving of the firing block while moving said elastic piece, so that the stopper block is generated perpendicular to the firing direction of the displacement movement. Advantageous effects of the present invention is mainly embodied in: effectively preventing the physician at the next operation without replacing the staple cartridge has been fired, to avoid malpractice simple and effective structure.


An overview of the Japanese PLANET-A project to investigate Halley's Comet is given. The objectives and scientific challenges involved in the project are given, and the nature of the contribution made by the large antenna array located at Usuda-Cho, Nagano Prefecture, Japan is discussed. The structural design of the MS-T5 and PLANET-A probes are given, as well as the tracking and control network for the probes. The construction, design, operating system and site selection for the Usuda antenna station are discussed.


The invention provides a plant protein beverage, which uses nostoc commune as the main material, prepared by mixing with peanut, walnut, acid fruits, white granulated sugar, honey, and purified water. The preparation includes immersing, decorticating, coarse grinding, blending, fine grinding, filling, sterilizing. The provided plant protein beverage is high in protein and polysaccharose content, abundant in mineral and vitamin, includes 18 kinds of amino acids for human needs, has a plurality of functions as strengthening physique, body nourishing, beauty treating, health-care or the like. The beverage also has strong chemical stability, good mouth feeling, thus making it an ideal nutritious health-care beverage.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for identifying the type of a charger and a device thereof. A divider resistance is connected in series between the output terminal of power supply of electric equipment and a second pin of a universal serial bus Mini_USB-A type interface. The method for identifying the type of the charger includes: the second pin and a third pin of the Mini_USB-A type interface are set in a high-impedance state when detecting that the charger is accessed; a measuring point is set between the Mini_USB-B type interface of the charger and the divider resistance, and the voltage at the measuring point is measured; the type of the charger is identified according to the measured result. The electric equipment can choose different currents according to the type of the charger, thus fully playing a roll of current supplying of various chargers while ensuring the safety of charging, and promoting the feelings of customers.


ICI 50,172, a new β-adrenergic blocking agent, prevented the inotropic effects of intra-coronary isoprenaline, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. Small doses of ICI 50,172 sufficient to block the myocardial response to isoprenaline failed to block its coronary vasodilator action. Similar doses of ICI 50,172, which prevented the myocardial response to adrenaline or noradrenaline, blocked or reversed the coronary dilator effect of these agents.


The comparative adsorption of o-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol onto a macroporous polymeric adsorbent (Amberlite XAD-4) and a hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent (NJ-8) was investigated. Adsorption equilibrium isotherms were measured by batch equilibration over the temperature range 283–323 K, and two kinds of isotherm model (Langmuir and Freundlich) provided the best fit of the experimental data. The adsorption capacity for each adsorbate on NJ-8 was ca. twice that on Amberlite XAD-4, which is explained by the micropore structure and stronger donor–acceptor interaction of NJ-8 resin. Mini-column experiments showed that NJ-8 resin exhibited the longest breakthrough time. The enthalpy of adsorption was estimated from the temperature dependence of adsorption.


The tetra α- or β-thiophene substituted metal and metal-free phthalocyanines (Pcs) M[Pc(α-OCH2Thiopen)4] and M[Pc(β-OCH2Thiopen)4] {(α-ThMet-MPc), (β-ThMet-MPc) [ThMet: Thiophene methoxy], M = Zn(II), Co(II) and, 2H} were synthesized from the corresponding 3'-(thiophen-3-ylmethoxy)phthalonitrile or 4'-(thiophen-3-ylmethoxy)phthalonitrile (ThMePN). The structural characterization, spectral, and antioxidant properties of a series of new Pcs were also presented. Both α- and β-substituted Pc complexes increased solubility in polar solvents, such as THF, DMF, and DMSO. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV–vis, MALDI-TOF/MS spectral, and elemental analysis data were used to characterize the compounds. The aggregation behaviors of 3–8 were also investigated at different concentrations in THF. Antioxidant test methods, α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power, were used to determine the antioxidant activities. 6 showed very good ferrous ion chelating activity of 81 ± 1%. 6, 5, 4, and 3 showed better reducing power than trolox, ascorbic, acid and butylated hydroxytoluene, commercially used antioxidants. Graphical Abstrcat


The invention discloses a novel method for preparing a thiazolopyrimidine compound and application thereof. The chemical name of the compound is 5-((4-(2-dichlorothiazolo[5,4-d]pyridine-7-amido)piperidine-1-radix)-2-fluorobenzonitrile mono-fumarate with the structural formula as shown in the specification. The thiazolopyrimidine compound is used for treatment of pulmonary hypertension, including hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.


Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of operating costs on net income with accounts receivable as a moderating variable, which was carried out on companies that sell motorcycle in Ambon City. By using linear regression analysis techniques with interaction models known or better known as Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA), the results are obtained that inventory turnover as a moderating variable has a regression coefficient of 241,245 which shows a positive effect on earnings but not significant due to the significance probability value (sig) is greater than alpha used in this study (0.263> 0.05). This shows that during the observation period (2018-2018), inventory turnover did not moderate the effect of operational costs with net profit on a motorcycle sales dealership company in Ambon City. Keywords: accounts receivable turnover, operational costs, net income, moderating


Distributions of seismic intensities of the 1933 7.1, M JMA 7.4 and 1937 M JMA 7.1 Miyagi-oki earthquakes are investigated and compared with that of instrumental seismic intensities of the 2005 M 7.2 Miyagi-oki earthquake. Residuals of seismic intensities are estimated from an empirical regression equation of seismic intensity attenuations in NE Japan. Large positive residuals of seismic intensities, namely overdetermined seismic intensities, are deduced at several commission stations of the Central Meteorological Observatory (CMO) in the central and western portions of Fukushima prefecture and in northern Kanto District. Based on local newspaper articles reporting seismic damages by the 1930s M ; 7 Miyagi-oki earthquakes, seismic intensities are estimated in Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, Ibaraki, Tochigi, and Gunma prefectures. Since there were no newspaper articles of seismic damages in the central and western portions of Fukushima prefecture and in northern Kanto District, seismic intensities there are estimated to be less than 4. Locations with seismic intensity 5 are estimated at several places close to the main shock of the 1930s M ; 7 Miyagi-oki earthquakes. Distribution of seismic intensity 5 estimated from the seismic damages of the 1936 M 7.4 Miyagi-oki earthquake are very similar to that of the instrumental seismic intensity of the 2005 M 7.2 Miyagi-oki earthquake: these two earthquakes seem to be caused by an slip of the same asperity on the upper surface of the Pacific plate.


Many foliar pathogenic fungi gain entry into their host via appressoria. The effect of temperature, light,media and time of treatment on the induction of appressorium of race 1 and race 2 of Setosphaeria turcica was evaluated.The results revealed that the appressorium can be induced in glass slide and on the both sides of the maize leaf, and theappressorium can be normally germinate and produce invasion hypha. The production of appressorium and invasion hyphaon leaf surface is later than that on glass slide. The conidia diluted by potato dextrose (PD) liquid medium produce lessappressorium than the conidia diluted by water. The key factor determining the growth of appressorium is temperature.Appressorium can be found at the range of 18-25℃ when the fungal tube or hypha was suspended more than 24 hours inthe water or potato dextrose (PD) liquid medium on the surface of glass or leaf. Little appressorium produced when thetemperature was lower than 10℃ or higher than 36℃. There is a distinct difference of appressorium number betweenisolates on the leaf of the same maize variety, but for a given isolate, there are no significant difference between resistantvariety and susceptible variety.


Paris polyphylla Smith is a perennial medicinal herb with records from around 2000 years ago. Polyphyllins are the main bioactive compounds of this herb, which are found to have remarkable effects on bacteriostatic, antiphlogistic, sedative, and antitumor. However, the market demand for P. polyphylla is sharply increasing, and the wild resources are threatened by plundering exploitation. Integrating molecular data of P. polyphylla can benefit the sustainable resource exploitation. Here, we constructed PPDP (Paris polyphylla Data Portal) to provide a data platform for polyphyllin biosynthesis and germplasm resource research. PPDP integrates related molecular data resources, functional genomics analysis, and morphological identification. The database provides abundant data (transcriptome, CDS, lncRNA, alternative splicing, gene family, SSR, and chloroplast genome) and practical analytical tools (network construction, heatmap of expression profiles, enrichment, and pathway search) with a user-friendly interface. So far, PPDP is the first biomolecular database for the genus Paris plants. In the future, we will gradually add genomic data and other necessary molecular biological information to improve the database.


For 2 weeks, a 67-year-old obese woman has had episodes of diffuse, nonradiating abdominal pain that last for several hours and are slightly relieved by famotidine/antacid. She rates the pain as 7 on a scale of 1 to 10.


An E//B neutral particle analyzer is under development for fast ion diagnosis on HL-2A/2 M tokamak. The stripping unit is composed of a stripping room (equipped with two differential tubes and a gas supply bellows), a vacuum chamber and a vacuum pumping system. The stripping efficiency of the stripping room is calculated in the form of global efficiency R × f +1, where R is the non-scattered-away rate and f +1 is the fraction of charge state +1. The magnetic field of the E//B analyzer is produced with a permanent magnet. The yoke and the poles of the magnet are made of mild steel and the magnet plates are made of NdFeB. The magnetic poles are specially designed to focus the ion trajectories and to increase the use rate of the magnet. The shape of the magnet and the electric plates are carefully designed so that the ions are dispersed into two lines of H+ and D+ on the detector plane. For each line, the energy increases from 10 to 200 keV from one side to another.


To overcome the drawbacks of high bulk density and bad applicability,in this study,straw ash was used as an additive to make unburned ceramsite which could be applied to sewage treatment.This method not only broadened the application of the unburned ceramsite and promoted unburned process,but also provided an economical and rational way to dispose fly ash and straw ash from power plant.The activity-excitation mechanism of fly ash,the function of primary components and the phase composition of ceramsite were studied in this research.The optimum process parameters were:5% NaOH solution pretreat fly ash,and the ratio of the components were fly ash of 58.11%,calcium oxide of 4.84%,cement of 29.05% and straw ash of 8%;The main characteristics index of ceramsite were shown as follows: bulk density of 785 kg/m3,specific surface area of 11.1 m2/g,broken rate of 2.3%.The ceramsite was tested on leaching toxicity and basic properties,and the results indicated that it was a proper way to make functional ceramsite of good property used in sewage treatment with straw ash as an additive raw material,and it achieved the purpose of economic energy conservation and waste treating.