A method and apparatus are described for the measurement of dissolution rates of multiparticulate systems. Dissolution studies were conducted with benzoic acid and salicylamide in order to determine the applicability of the method. Replication between experiments was well within accepted limits. Furthermore, the results obtained demonstrated reasonable agreement with the extended Hixson-Crowell equation.


SnO2 metal oxide thin film structure modified with MWCNT was fabricated using relatively simple chemical preparation solution method and exploited as hydrogen sensor. The structural, surface morphology, topography, and electrical conductance properties of the prepared samples kept at different temperatures were investigated and explored. Although their room – temperature sensitivity was too low, the tested MWCNT – modified SnO2 structures showed considerably high sensing response toward H2 gas at high temperatures in comparison to the corresponding pure sensing elements. Thus, confirming the significant role of these nano structures in enhancing the semiconductor metal oxides sensing characteristics toward both oxidizing and reducing gases.


A second toe plantar flap was attached to the donor site after a free first toe pulp flap. Twenty-two days postoperatively, the wound had almost healed. Although the whole defect is impossible to cover with this flap, partial resurfacing will reduce the healing time and morbidity from recurrent ulceration.


The main goal of model-driven architecture is the generation of the full implementation of a systembased on a precise description of a platform-independent model and a platform model. Such a description must accurately specify the static structure as well as the dynamic behavior of the system. We present a tool -- called DEMOCLES -- that realizes a hybrid approach to platform-independent modeling. It describes the static structure using a modified UML class diagram that separates query operations from modifier operations. The former are defined in the class diagram via OCL constraints, while the latter are defined using a MOF-based metamodel that contains modifier operations and properties as first-class entities and augments them with associations and OCL expressions. The tool is an Eclipse-plugin that offers overlay views of the structure and behavior with visual editing capabilities and permits execution of a platform-independent system.


In this thesis, we develop spatial data structures and algorithms for two broad classes of applications—forest growth models and range searching.
Forest growth model. We have developed an individual-based, spatially-explicit forest growth model. Our model is highly realistic and is quite complex compared to most forest models. Our forest model allows for many sources of variability and uncertainty that characterize processes and data. To perform efficient simulation, we balance accuracy against the stochasticity inherent in data and process. Based on this approach, we have developed efficient data structures and algorithms for calculating dispersal and light.
We have developed a quad-tree based data structure to represent the trees in the forest. Based on this data structure, we have developed a monopole-based approximation algorithm to compute dispersal. This yields an efficiency-accuracy tradeoff scheme. Experimental results show a speedup of about an order of magnitude for reasonable error. We have performed experiments to evaluate the stochasticity in the dispersal model. Results show that the stochasticity is at least an order of magnitude greater than computational error, thus justifying approximation. We also provide experimental results that provide guidelines for choosing the monopole constant. We have performed ecological experiments using model simulations to evaluate various mechanisms that affect biodiversity.
Range searching. We have developed data structures for answering two types of orthogonal range queries—range aggregate query and colored range query.
We have developed an efficient indexing scheme, Compressed Range Tree (CRB-tree) for answering range aggregate queries. For count queries in 2D, the CRB-tree is linear in size and can answer queries using logarithmic I/Os. Our index can be extended to handle SUM aggregate as well. We also show how to dynamize our index and extend it to higher dimensions. We demonstrate the efficacy of our data structure by comparing its performance with kdB-tree.
We develop efficient indices to answer colored range searching queries on a grid. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)


Time Reversal (TR) solution is an attractive and appropriate candidate for high data rate Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Ultra-Wideband (MIMO-UWB) systems. This method leads to low complexity receivers in extremely multipath channels. In spite of TR's good performance in MIMO-UWB systems in perfect Channel State Information (CSI), it suffers from performance degradation in an imperfect CSI case. In this paper, an enhanced TR pre-filter is designed together with a MMSE equalizer in TR-MIMO-UWB system where is robust against channel imperfection conditions. We show that the robust pre-filter optimization technique, considerably improves the BER performance of TR-MIMO-UWB system in imperfect CSI, where temporal focusing of the TR technique is kept, especially for high SNR values. Numerical and simulation results are presented to confirm the performance advantage attained by the proposed robust optimization in an imperfect CSI scenario.


Background: There is a growing evidence that displays an association between self-compassion and health behaviours in promoting the general well-being among individuals. Research has found that higher self-compassion can be generally associated to increased health behaviours (Sirois et al., 2015). Until now, however, no differentiation between individual health behaviours in their association to self-compassion has been made.
Aim: This research aimed at discovering the different associations between the health behaviours 'stress management', 'physical activity', 'eating behaviour' and self-compassion. Moreover, it was tested if physical health can be associated to self-compassion. Furthermore, it was tested if the two used self-compassion measures correlate with each other.
Methods: The study design involved a cross-sectional correlation descriptive questionnaire. An online survey design was implemented. The sample consisted of 204 individuals, ranging from 18 to 82 years, covering three different nationalities.
Results: Strong significant negative association was shown between the two self-compassion measures (r (202) = -0.74). This study displayed a significant association between self-compassion and eating behaviours (SCS-SF = .14, FSCRS = -.23). Stress management and physical activity were found to not be significantly associated with self-compassion (SCS-SF = .06, FSCRS =-.08, SCS-SF = .06, FSCRS=-.08). A significant association was shown between self-compassion and physical health (SCS-SF =-.32, FSCRS = .39).
Conclusion: It can be stated that even though self-compassion has a general effect on health behaviours, a distinction between them must be made as not all of them are equally associated with self-compassion. It is advisable for future research to investigate further health behaviours to fully understand the underlying factors which promote them, in order to improve general societal well-being. As this research displayed the similarity of the two self-compassion measures in measuring self-compassion further research can use both instruments for assessing self-compassion.
Keywords: self-compassion, health behaviours, eating behaviour, stress management, physical activity, physical health


The ubiquitous phenomenon of human occupation, defined as the activity in which one engages, a synonym for work, symbol W, and the mechanical equivalent of heat, symbol J, defined as the ratio of a unit of mechanical energy to the equivalent unit of heat, are argued to be connected. [1] In simple term, the work a person does in life is hypothesized to be directly related to the ratio of the transformation of solar heat into human mechanical or mechanistic work.


Abstract Across the complete fabric of our national life, we feel the need as never before to be secure from the threat of violence. This is particularly true of mass violence and murder. It has become mandatory that we identify and review the human factors that result in these horrific violent acts. Two recent documents address the role of mental illness in these acts. The first document, a Naval Postgraduate School thesis, points to past and ongoing efforts and research that attempts to identify a number of behavioral drivers relating to violence. This is done in hopes of formulating a predictive protocol that can be used by all the professions who are called upon to address and prevent this violence, and identify the individuals responsible before they can carry out that violence. The second document, the Sandy Hook Commission report, provides the analysis of the relationship between mental illness and the occurrence of violence. These excellent documents describe the evolving opinions about the role m...


To the Editor.—We wish to comment on the article by Park and Han on gangliocytic paraganglioma (GP) with lymph node metastasis. As they described, GP is a rare neuroendocrine tumor comprising epithelioid cells, spindle-shaped cells, and ganglionlike cells and this neuroendocrine tumor commonly arises from the duodenum. Indeed, as previously reported, young age and tumors exceeding the submucosal layer are more important than tumor size as predictive factors, but the latest review based on a new and larger literature survey and the results of a multi-institutional retrospective study revealed that tumor size and depth of invasion are significant risk factors for lymph node metastasis. Further discussion is warranted regarding these risk factors for GP. Since perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion in GP have not been systematically evaluated, identifying the clinical significance of these factors is a future challenge. But, since a case of gangliocytic paraganglioma with lymph node metastasis has shown lymphatic invasion, lymphovascular invasion may indicate the malignant potential of GP. In addition, since previous investigators reported that Ki-67 labeling index was extremely low both in primary and metastatic lesions of GP, Ki-67 labeling index may have limited value to evaluate the malignant potential of GP. Meanwhile, it is important to clearly differentiate GP from gastrointestinal stromal tumor, smooth muscle tumor, and adenocarcinoma, but the most important differential diagnosis is neuroendocrine tumor (NET) G1. Since the prognosis differs between GP and NET G1, it is important to differentiate between these neuroendocrine tumors. Unfortunately, GP has often been misdiagnosed as NET G1 owing to its morphologic similarity and low cell proliferative activity. Therefore, we would like to recommend immunohistochemical examinations (progesterone receptor and pancreatic polypeptide) for differentiating GP from NET G1, because it has been revealed that the typical epithelioid cells of GP show positive immunoreactivity for both immunohistochemistries, but tumor cells of NET G1 were negative for both immunohistochemistries. We believe that these immunohistochemical analyses can assist in differentiating GP from NET G1, including biopsy specimens. Further evaluation of the incidence of GP is warranted. Gangliocytic paraganglioma has been regarded as an extremely rare tumor, but 40% (4 of 10) of patients diagnosed with duodenal NET G1 actually had GP in the previous investigation. This fact suggests that GP accounts for a substantial, constant percentage of duodenal NETs. Of course, further investigations on GP are required, but we would like to emphasize that clinicians and pathologists should be aware of the existence of GP.


World UFO Day is a great excuse to explore all things alien. Link to the picture book, Welcome to Alien School, to inspire children to create their own narratives and confidently act them out using new words.


The author uses the conceptual and methodological apparatus of social constructivism, perspectivism and phenomenology to discuss the phenomenon of the invisible enemy in the context of modern warfare. The concept of the invisible enemy is explicated in the works of Vladimir Solovyov, Lev Karsavin, Ernst Jünger, Fyodor Stepun and other authors. The article substantiates the legitimacy of the semantic expansion of this concept and the possibility of its application to a number of objects. It reveals such personifica tions of the invisible enemy as a victim and a violent actor, a fighter and an intelligence officer, a collective and an individual subject. The relationship between the traditional identity of the combatant («the killing one – the one to be killed») and the anthropological structure «the seeing one – the visible one», which is being destroyed in modern wars, are also exposed. The inversion of the categories «visible» and «invisible» in the context of military activity is substantiated.


The dataset consists of 30-year percentage depletion calculations, hydrocarbon group compositions, organic carbon mass fractions and hydrocarbon concentrations for 16 locations sampled at the Bemidji (MN) oil spill study site. Also included in the dataset are concentrations for 33 individual volatile hydrocarbons from the aforementioned sampling locations.


Energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a limiting factor that hinders the application of such networks into solving a broader set of problems. Various ways of saving energy have been proposed, from energy efficient processing to power aware cluster organization. With communication between nodes being responsible for a large part of the energetic demand, energy efficient methods of communication have been proposed, with multi-hop communication being a wide used technique, capable of minimizing energy consumption and spreading it amongst the network. However, multi-hop is not always more efficient and is prone to a high delay, due to the decode and forward mechanism usually employed. In this paper a cooperative MIMO technique is studied, its energy consumption analyzed, and a mechanism for integrating it in existing WSNs and allowing its coexistence with multi-hop communication is suggested. Energy efficiency, packet delivery delay and packet loss ratios are analyzed and the results compared to standard WSNs.


In 1983, the Utah State Legislature enacted a career ladder program for teachers as the centerpiece of the state's school reform effort. This paper assesses local implementation responses to the career ladder program. Specifically, this paper addresses the question, Under what circumstances and conditions do schools implement the career ladder program in a manner that is consistent with state policy intent? Additionally, the author argues that local implementations of the program can be classified into four types of implementation response.


Objective : Accurate perception of law and reasonable interpretation by judges are one of the requirements denial of justice. Methodology: The right of establishments is judges to interpret and correct implementation of laws in all legal systems and different methods can lead to sources that the most are among the legal systems but value system governing the rights of Iranian origin and interpretation techniques change the key sources of law in Iran. Results: The present paper attempts to clarify recent amendments to article 3 civil procedure code Iran, overview strength of theoretical and practical executive power is vested reform. Conclusion: A study by the necessity of having to remove sources of interpretation contained in the previous legislation, "the spirit and provisions of the laws and customs of habit apparent" lack of transparency and poor performance in sound usage of new valuable resources "authentic Islamic sources and fatwas valid" and especially creating confusion and discrimination in the implementation of the said Article. Research was analytical and documentary data is collected.


On January 8,2002, George W. Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act, which (among other things) mandated the development of state performance standards in each of the core disciplines named in the legislation. Another part of the legislation links federal funding to school performance, as measured by achievement tests based on those standards (Rosenthal2002,8). The primary goal of these standards is to provide a clear educational target for students and teachers, and thus to maintain a minimum level of excellence. While tensions remain within some states about the purpose, nature, and scope of educational standards (Marin 2001), they have become an important component of education in the United States. Bearing in mind the complicated and often highly-politicized process of producing standards for social studies, and particularly in the case of the often marginalized subject of geography, reviewing state standards provides a good indication of the state of geography in K 12 education. Unfortunately, standards frequently present teachers with a complicated and often vague mass of information that they must incorporate into their curriculum and lesson plans. To help teachers with this process, the Association of American Geographers has been developing the ArgWorld materials for middle and secondary schools. Throughout the project, the ARGWorld authors and editors kept a close eye on the parallel development of state standards. At least three times a year, we convened a discussion group to report on the fit between the materials being produced and the standards that had been released in that time. Then, after the materials were published, we prepared a careful summary review of each state's standards; that is the work described in this article.


The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001:2000 and the learning organization with the staff performance. This study is conducted in P2PNFI Region I Jayagiri and P2PNFI Region II Semarang.

This research is based on facts of the implementation of ISO 9001:2000 at P2PNFI Region I Jayagiri and P2PNFI Region II Semarang in a few years, to find out whether the implementation of ISO 9001:2000 gives an impact in building a learning organization as the creation of the lifelong learning as well as the performance of two institutions which based on ISO. This research used the expost facto method and based on the correlation approach.

The design of development strategies on this research are: (1) conducting the beginning study; (2) creating research instruments; (3) testing instruments; (4) analyzing the validity and reliability instruments; (5) distributing questioners to 94 respondents at P2PNFI Regional I Jayagiri and 84 respondents at P2PNFI Regional II Semarang; (6) collecting questioners; (7) data input and processing; (8) conducting data analyzing and (9) wrapping up the conclusion.

The research reveals that (1) there is a high relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001:2000 with the staff performance; (2) there is a high relationship between the learning organization with the staff performance and (3) there is a high relationship between the implementation of ISO9001:2000 and the learning organization with the performance of staff at two institutions. (4) there is an increase of the staff performance;

The results of this research are recommended to all of decision makers at Ditjen PNFI, P2PNFI Region I, Jayagiri and Region II, Semarang as well as other researchers which focus on the learning organization and its performance.


There have been a few reported cases of hemoperitoneum following rupture of uterine vessels or rupture of broad ligament in pregnant women [1]. The classic presentation is acute abdominal pain with peritonitism, often accompanied by maternal shock and fetal distress. The high probability of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality warrants urgent surgical management. A spontaneous rupture of uterine vessels is identified in the majority of hemoperitoneum cases, and 75% of these are located in the broad ligament [2]. Uterine vessel ruptures are most likely caused by a preceding trauma within 24h, or linked to varicose dilatations of uterine veins. To date, only 4 cases of spontaneous rupture of the broad ligament during pregnancy without varicose veins have been reported. Two of these cases report modest trauma the same day as the hemoperitoneum (horse carriage riding and deceleration in a car) [3,4]. We report a case of hemoperitoneum secondary to spontaneous bilateral broad ligament rupture at 35 weeks of gestation, without either trauma or uterine vessel varicosity. The patient was found to have a mutation in the fibrillin-1 (FNB-1) gene. Case


Image Forgery refers to doing various kinds of modifications to the original image such that the actual meaning of it gets changed, due to which false information is spread everywhere. Moreover in this era where social media is at huge heights and images have become one of the most integral part of everyones life ,people tend to believe what they see and hence it's a very serous concern which needs a solution. There are many techniques present to detect image forgeries .In our research we have shown two major techniques to detect forgeries using resampling techniques. As Resampling is a key indicator of altered images, two approaches for detecting and localising picture modifications, employing resampling (by forming different samples) varied integral mechanisms. First approach, the Radon convert of these features is computed on all those image parts which are overlapping to each other, then a heatmap generated using classifiers of deep learning appproach and also gaussian random variable ,which is model for conditional probability values . To locate tampered sections, the Random Walker segmentation approach is utilised. For categorisation and identification of local tampered regions, the second method includes transmitting resampling characteristics computed on intersecting picture patches through an LSTM-based network. We have compared both approaches detection/localization performance and it shows that both strategies are effective at detecting and localising image forgeries of all levels at a very efficient level, according to the results of our research.


Teachers' professionalization is a general trend of the development of international teachers' vocation and one of the main themes of modern teachers' education reform. In the standard syllabus of teachers' profession, the US highlights teachers' role as "reflective practitioner". In accordance with our nation present state of teachers' professionalization development, the basic means of realizing teachers' professionalization is the professionalization and integration of teachers' education, the socialization of theachers' appointment and the standardization of teachers' evaluation.


In this work, an amphiphilic alternating multiblock copolymer poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)fumarate-co-dithiodiethanol fumarate] (POEGSSFM) with multiple enes and disulfides in hydrophobic blocks was synthesized facilely by the "one-pot" method, which can self-assemble into nano-scaled micelles and encapsulate mercapto-modified doxorubicin (DOX-SH) with 1,6-hexanedithiol into the core for in situ drug conjugation and core-crosslinking (CCL) via a thiol–ene "click" reaction, resulting in a reduction and pH dual-responsive nano-prodrug micelle (CCL-POEGSSFM-DOX). The obtained nano-prodrug micelles presented stable nano-scaled spherical particles under physiological conditions, while quickly dissociating in response to 10 mM DL-dithiothreitol (DTT). As doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated via a pH-sensitive hydrazone linkage, the in vitro release results showed a minimized release of DOX at pH 7.4, while a rapid release at pH 5.8. Particularly, the release of DOX in an acidic environment could also be significantly accelerated by treating with DTT, owing to the cleavage of the disulfide bonds, which leads to the disassociation of the micelles. Confocal laser scanning microscopy further demonstrated that the nano-prodrug can be easily taken into cells, presenting a rapid DOX release in the cytoplasm. Cytotoxicity assay indicated that the nano-prodrug micelles exhibited excellent cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells, while blank CCL-POEGSSFM micelles were biocompatible. This facilely prepared pH and reduction dual-responsive CCL nano-prodrug would be a promising candidate for cancer chemotherapy.


In the field of terrain visualization,the most efficient tool for real-time rendering of complex landscape is level of detail(LOD).We put forward a new hybrid arithmetic that makes use of the advantage of both the quad tree and TIN structure.The arithmetic first divides the DEM data quad tree,then use different smooth error in each patch to realize the view dependent terrain simplification.We deal with the transition of the different patch using an efficient error metric;it can also eliminate the crack.The experiment results proved that the algorithm proposed could generate multi-resolution terrain model efficiently.


Remote sensing of soil moisture in a bistatic mode has attracted increasing attention in recent years. This paper investigates the bistatic radar response of soil moisture and surface roughness at L-band by using the advanced integral equation model (AIEM). To better explore the potential of bistatic scattering for soil moisture sensing, both polarized and angular scattering coefficients, and their combinations, were evaluated using a defined sensitivity index. Results show that sensitivity is enhanced in a bistatic mode compared to the monostatic case. Using a combination of dual polarized and angular data suppresses an undesired impact of the surface correlation function. Among the combinations, the dual angular observation reduces the influence of surface roughness, preserves a good sensitivity to soil moisture, and thus seems to be a good candidate for sensing soil moisture in bistatic configuration.


Objective To investigate the impact of Edaravone on serum matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9) and prognosis of patients with cerebral infarction.Methods 80 cases with cerebral infarction selected in the research were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table,40 cases in each group.The control group were treated with conventional therapy,while the observation group were given edaravone on the basis of conventional therapy.The efficacy and the serum MMP-9 and prognosis were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups(u=1.263,P=0.206).After treatment,the content of serum MMP-9 reduced significantly,and especially the observation group decreased more significantly.The differences were significant(P0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of Edaravone on the treatment of cerebral infarction patients was exact.It can significantly improve the prognosis of patients,probably related to the regulation of MMP-9.It is worthy of promotion and application in clinic.


.establtshmentin at least one Australian university of a .degreecourse in home science. The University of Sydney had a school of domesticscienceand a degreeof Bachelor of Science was awarded to two students who took the course. For the time being the school has been suspended .and we understandthat new proposals regarding it are being considered. A subcommitteeof the Nutrition Committee will also preparea report for transmissionto the Government to meet the anticipated shortage in certain protective foods. This is a most commendablestep and it is to be hoped that the report will be published. The chairman reported that the National Fitness Campaign was on a stable basis and was growing steadily. An additional sum of £50,000has been made available in this financial year in connexionwith this campaign. In conclusion, referencemust be made to two personal resolutions. The Council put on record its appreciation .or the "valuable and devotedservice" that Dr. J. Newman Morris had rendered to the nation during his six-year period of membership. Referencewas also made to the .death of Miss Dora Lush, whose work on virus disease at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute was so widely


This paper presents a framework for overlaying 3D GIS data information onto a 2D physical urban map. Such data may be 3D buildings, soil composition or animations, displayed in real-time with a moving camera. We propose a map recognition framework by topological information in order to recognize the area of the physical map from a whole map and display its 3D data. The retrieval of the geographical area described by the physical map is based on a hashing scheme with local combinations of intersection points, retrieved with a voting procedure from a previously computed index. Specific features are then tracked to allow the overlay in real-time. The results show that augmentation of physical maps based on topological features only is possible, allowing the use of any physical map without the need for specific markers, and providing the user with intuitive navigation.


Model Predictive Control (MPC) operation is based on the process model, which can be conveniently used in event-based MPC operation. The process model can estimate process control parameters when a measurement fails or when lab sampling is used as a control parameter. Wireless control is another case in which event-based MPC operation, including both slow sampling and randomness, is required. Wireless actuators connected directly to the MPC outputs or through PID loops with wireless actuators and measurements add a significant sophistication to the system. MPC wireless operation has been validated on a Dividing Wall Column (DWC) process which can provide potentially huge savings in energy and capital cost compared to a conventional column design. In the installation at the University of Texas, WirelessHART transmitters take many of the process measurements used in control. This paper details event driven wireless MPC operation and design and discusses the application challenges illustrated by the test results.


Perfusion of blood through the cerebral/cerebellar tissues is an important clinical indicator associated with various pathologies that affect the brain. Most prominent amongst these are the common vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, that lead to ischaemia and stroke. Changes in local vascular supply can also result from angiogenesis, mass effect, vascular steal and other phenomena associated with the presence and development of space-occupying mass lesions. Various imaging modalities have been used to assess intracranial perfusion . The decision of which modality to use should include the assessment of various factors such as perfusion information content (including quantitative ability), high spatial resolution over a large region of interest, practicality in the acute hospital setting, scanner accessibility and cost and suitability for follow-up examination. Methods used have included detecting the passage of iodinated contrast or inhaled xenon monitored by x-ray Computerised Tomography (CT) 3,4 and the transient presence of labelled radionucleides using coincidence detection-based Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) . All of these investigations involve exposure to ionising radiation and the latter are expensive and suffer from relatively poor spatial resolution. Arterial sampling of the input to / output from the brain may also be required. In terms of non-ionising alternatives, although promising, the assessment of the whole brain via the recently introduced technique of harmonic ultrasound imaging 6 is not practical due to bone window insufficiency. Magnetic Resonance (MR) perfusion is one of the constituents of a 'toolbox' of advanced MR techniques that has found use in clinical neuroradiological practice in many clinical imaging centres. It has the advantages of being relatively non-invasive, has ample coverage and can be performed during a multi-modal MR investigative protocol that is capable of yielding clinically useful information relating to various aspects of intracranial pathology and its pathophysiology. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the main MR perfusion techniques in use, their pitfalls and their current and potential benefits in the context of the diagnosis, staging, therapeutic response and prognosis in patients who have intracranial tumours.


Parametric modeling is the main characteristics of the new generation of CAD system. Promoting the products design to go to standardization, it is an important method in series of products design. The paper is focus on the building of the parts models in different sizes based on two ways of variation geometry and formation.


Abstract The international standard of wireless body area networks (WBANs), ie IEEE 802.15.6, was established in Feb. 2012, and this standard decided spreading code as a suppressing interference technology. However, the sequence length of spreading code is fixed, hence it is difficult to guarantee secure communications due to noise and interference from other WBANs. In this paper, we propose utilizing direct sequence impulse radio ultra wideband (DS-IR-UWB) for multi-WBAN systems, and then analyze multi-WBAN systems theoretically, derive equations of inter-WBAN interference, packet error rate (PER) and throughput. Furthermore, to guarantee secure communications, the desired PER is introduced, and then an algorithm is proposed to take the control of sequence length of DS-IR-UWB in order to ensure that the PER of system is always below the desired PER while maximizing the throughput. The numerical evaluation shows that the sequence length of proposed control method is changed according to the SNR and the number of WBANs, it lets the proposed algorithm of control of sequence length outperform the conventional fixed sequence length method.


The testing principle,characteristics,overall systemic structure of the system is introduced.After testing and field application,the result shows that the system detects and evaluates intuitively the working conditions of steel wire cord,and on-line real-time monitors the fault condition of wire cords broken and joint tic movement of steel wire cord of conveying belt on belt conveyer.The results of detecting to compare with X-ray machine prove that the monitoring result is reliability and accuracy.


The rapid growth of urban areas has deserved special attention from the technical and scientific community over the last decades. Traffic and transportation systems have been a subject of special concern as they play an important and indispensable role in today's society. Heterogeneity and uncertainty have become even more evident, and researchers have been challenged by how to cope with modelling and simulating new measures brought about by the adoption of new information technologies. According to Schleiffer (2000), modelling heterogeneity in a microscopic level is a key step toward the understanding of a macroscopic behaviour, and the use of artificial agents to represent individual mechanisms is the tool to better comprehend highly complex and dynamic collective behaviour of traffic. In this work, we use agent-based techniques to represent traffic demand as a community of autonomous driver agents. Our approach relies on an extension to the DRACULA microsimulation suite, as proposed in (Rossetti et al., 2000). Drivers are modelled by way of the BDI architecture (Belief, Desire, and Intention) and our focus is given to route and departure time choices.


and commentary also appear in ACP Journal Club. Therapeutics EBM Volume 8 September/October 2003 153 www.evidence-basedmedicine.com on M ay 0, 2022 by gest. P rocted by coright. ht://ebm bm jcom / E id B ased M d: frst pulished as 10.36/ebm .8.153 on 3 O cber 203. D ow nladed fom


Summary CAE techniques from CAD to lifetime prediction are essential support tools to the design process for automotive castings, particularly for power train parts. Substantial savings in development time, costs and risks gained by an increasing grade of integration between the different CAE tools, have been reported. Technical effects are clearly visible as well: filigree casting structures, fulfilling increasing demands for mechanical durability, have been created. But with more and more sophisticated designs, the risk of failure during durability tests or in the field, caused by wrong simulation results, increases as well. This point is also reported. This might be boosted by lack of focus on manufacturing process specifics within the design process chain. This contribution aims to clarify, how specifics like residual stress in castings or an inhomogeneous distribution of mechanical properties can be found by manufacturing process simulation, and be integrated with the CAE tools which support the casting design process. As example, the casting process of a FORD V6 iron engine block was simulated. In detail, the phase distribution being formed during solidification and further cooling were simulated, and based on this the distribution of mechanical properties like the Youngs Modulus was calculated and prepared to be transferred to FE analysis. Also based on the "thermal history" of the casting, the residual stress distribution was simulated and then transferred from the structured mesh which is used for the casting simulation to an FE mesh for the simulation of stress rearrangement during machining of the block.


A case of "ankyloglossa superior" is described. The operative treatment of this lesion is illustrated. The association between the tongue lesion and digital anomalies is discussed. An acquired etiology is suggested.


The central question that we address in this thesis is the thermodynamics of colloidal glasses. The thermodynamics of colloidal hard sphere glasses are directly related to the entropy of the system, since the phase behavior of hard sphere systems is dictated only by entropic contributions, and also to the vibrational dynamics of the system which represents a form of the entropy too. In this thesis, we provide a direct measurement of the entropy and the vibrational modes of colloidal hard sphere glasses and compare them to those of the crystals which have been studied much more extensively.


The temperature dependence of the proton n.m.r. spectra of some simple tris(N,N-disubstituted dithiocarbamato)chromium(~~~) derivatives, [Cr(S2CNR,),], has been studied in deuterochloroform solution over the range - 60' to -I- 60°C. In these spectra, which are very broad, the N-CH, protons in certain cases exhibit a double peak unlike the iron(111) or manganese(111) complexes-probably a consequence of high energy barriers between the A and A enantiomers, the broadness of the spectra being ascribed to the lack of an appropriate relaxation mechanism. The spectra of a number of further iron(111) and manganese(r11) derivatives are reported and the hyperfine coupling constants in the three series of complexes compared.


Objective : To establish a method for the determination of Four Vitamins in Compound Vitamin Preparations.Methods:HPLC, the column was Kromasil C18,a mixture of methanol-0. 05mol/L sodium hexanesulfonate(62 : 38) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0ml/L,pH was adjusted to 3.0 with acetic acid. wavelength of the detector was 254nm. Result:The liner correlation was good in the range of 4-20μg/mL(r = 0. 9997) for vitamin B1,4-20μg/min(r = 0. 9998) for vitamin B2, 0. 8-4μg/mL(r=0. 9997) vitamin B6,32-160μg/mL(r=0. 9999) for nicotinamide. Conclusion: The method is simple, rapid, accurate and reliable.


regional studies, visual culture and cultural history. Another profound collection of essays on the same period, The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2011) edited by Peter Lorge, is highly recommended, preferably to be read with this one. Both volumes add substantially to the scholarship on the tenth century by adopting interdisciplinary approaches to emphasise its nature of being multi-centred and diversified. Together, they pave many potentially interesting paths for further inquiry.


Integrated circuit device having an I / O ESD protection cell (130, 330), the I / O ESD protection cell comprising: - a V - a V - a power limiting element (136, 336), the cable has been connected between the V - are arranged with the V - wherein the power limiting element between the V


Batavia was the colonial port city founded by the Dutch United East India Company in the Ciliwung River Delta of West Java located in the Asian Monsoon Tectonic Zone.Construction of the urban area and land reclamation of the environs were conducted under the water management based on waterways having multi functions such as self-defense, transportation, drainage, water storage and irrigation.This research illustrates changes of the space and the water management of Batavia in the 17th and 18th centuries, paying attention to geomorphologic and hydrological difference between the Netherlands and Java Island.Moreover, the space formation of 'Ideal City' from the viewpoints of flood defense structure, reasons for the vicious spiral of the soil sedimentation and several efforts for its countermeasures are discussed.


The function of two orphan receptors,COUP TF and nur 77,and their mechanism of action remain largely unknown.The interaction between COUP TF and nur77,and their effect on retinoic acid response elements(RAREs)were investigated.In transient transfection assay and CAT assay,COUP TF increased retinoic acid(RA)sensitivity to RAREs by reducing basal activity of various RAREs.nur77 counteracted the effect of co transfected COUP TF in CV 1 cells.nur77 enhanced the transcriptional activity of various RAREs in a RA independent manner.Gel retardation assay showed that nur77 and COUP TF antagonized each other's DNA binding.These observations demonstrate that nur77 exerts its effect on RAREs through direct interaction with COUP TF,which results in inhibition of COUP TF RARE binding and transcriptional activity.


This paper describes the research and development process for the design and implementation of a community-based breeding program for smallholders. The emphasis of the paper is on the organisation and practical procedures of the breeding program. The selection process of young breeding bucks based on own growth performance and on mother´s milk performance is described. The sustainability of a breeding program can only be ensured when there is a long-term commitment from researchers and extension service to collaborate with farmers and support them in the decision-making process. Ownership of farmers was created by handing-over many responsibilities and decision mechanisms to them and researchers played the role of facilitators.


Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine always emphasize the essence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a pathological process of healthy qi deficiency and pathogenic factors interaction under the different expression terms.On the whole,the pathogenesis of COPD is the pathogenic factor invading,undermining and ineffective repairing with qi deficiency in lungs,and gradually leading to small airway tissue structural damage and functional decline.The critical stage of prevention is during the pathological process of chronic bronchitis or other similar pathologic stages,for the small airway structural damage and functional decline is not obvious and completely reversible,so appropriate prevention can prevent the formation of COPD.The key of the treatment is to apply the thinking of increasing healthy qi and expelling pathogenic factors, especially in catabasis.Only in this way,it can be formed and reached that correct treatment guide of healthy qi growing and pathogenic factors being expelled,and good short-term and long-term efficacy can be obtained finally.


—A common problem in remote rendering setups is that of temporarily insufficient bandwidth and latency. For a proper experience of immersiveness, at least some rendering should be presented to the user, and it should appear to be responsive to user input, even in the presence of connection glitches. The all too familiar spinning hourglass symbol, or equivalent, will degrade such an experience. With the advent of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), solutions to this become important even though connectedness in general is improving. We are dealing with a remote rendering of three-dimensional (3D) geometry being pushed to a lesser client, and what we in essence do is to replace a spinning hourglass symbol with an automatically client-generated approximation of the 3D geometry rendered on the client, responding to client-recorded user input. We call this a proxy model . Our main result is a system for automatically producing such proxy models on the client, from received images and depth buffers only, for showing on the client when remotely rendered frames do not arrive sufficiently fast.


Improved payload ratio more than compensates for the drag penalty associated with the low density of liquid hydrogen for supersonic airliner operation, if this factor is included at the conceptual design stage. With rising costs of hydrocarbon fuels, and carbon emissions, and the dramatic changes in the demographics and economics of global demand for longdistance air travel, supersonic hydrogen-fueled airliners are becoming viable. Conservative arguments suggest that with a suitable cruise Mach number and altitude, hydrogen-fueled airliners can achieve seat-mile costs. The fleet size and number of routes are much larger than those projected in the 1980s when the market was restricted to western hemisphere transoceanic executive travel. Radically different configurations may be appropriate. Estimation of cruise wave drag is a crucial but cumbersome step in the conceptual design iteration for such configurations. A convenient alternative is sought for wave drag optimization, by integrating popular computer-aided design software with the drag estimation process. As a first step the paper uses Mach cone intersections rather than the classical technique of integrating over flat planes at different orientations. This method is validated against classical results for non-lifting bodies and then against wing-body configurations, and shown to yield accuracies similar to those of the classical flat Mach plane method, with substantially lower cost and effort.


No medical therapy is available for successfully treating calcific aortic stenosis. Treatments that have been used to slow the progression of coronary artery disease have failed to prevent the progression of aortic stenosis or to reverse the damage. The primary treatment for severe aortic stenosis is aortic valve replacement surgery. The survival rate at 3 years in patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis who undergo surgery is 87%; in those who do not have surgery, it is 21% (P <0.001). The operative mortality rate in the surgical treatment of aortic stenosis is less than 5%, but at least 30% to 40% of patients with severe aortic stenosis go untreated.1,2

Surgical treatment of severe aortic stenosis has been underused for many reasons. Patients are thought to be too old, or they have left ventricular dysfunction or comorbidities that affect the surgical scores. Alternatively, patients are not referred for surgery because they are misdiagnosed (that is, the severity of the aortic stenosis is underestimated) or are considered "asymptomatic" when they are actually very limited in functional class. In addition, patients can perceive temporary improvement in symptoms after medical therapy.3 All of the above reasons emphasize the major issue in the underuse of surgical treatment: an incomplete understanding of the true surgical risk.

Balloon aortic valvuloplasty is not an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement. It provides symptomatic benefits for only a limited time (a few months, if at all) and has a minimal physiologic impact. When the hemodynamic effects of balloon aortic valvuloplasty and bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement are compared at 1 year, the latter affects a larger orifice area (2.07–2.1 cm2 vs 0.78–0.09 cm2) and has a more favorable mean gradient effect (5.8–6.5 mmHg vs 28.2–30 mmHg).4

Although surgical aortic valve replacement has been the mainstay of therapy for severe aortic stenosis, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is now an acceptable standard of care for patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis who are not eligible for surgery or who are at very high risk for surgical treatment. The development of transcatheter devices has progressed rapidly during the last decade, and this approach challenges surgical repair as the preferred or only option for treating severe symptomatic aortic stenosis.

In 2002, Alan Cribier led the team that performed the first percutaneous transcatheter implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis in a patient with calcific aortic stenosis. They used an antegrade transseptal approach with a 23-mm balloon-expandable valve.5 In performing the first clinical retrograde transcatheter implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis, David Paniagua and his team used a femoral 16F introducer system that deployed a 20-mm balloon-expandable frame.6


Capao Bonito forest soils, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, have been used for forestry purposes for almost one century. Detailed knowledge about the distribution of soil attributes over the landscape is of fundamental importance for proper management of natural resources. The purpose of this study was to identify the variability and spatial dependence of chemical and physical attributes of Capao Bonito forest soils. A large soil database of regional land was raised and organized. Most of the selected variables were close to the lognormal frequency range. Soil texture presented a higher range in the A horizon, and the nugget effect and sill were greater in the B horizon. These differences are attributed to the parent material of the region (Itarare Geologic Formation), which presents uneven distribution of sediments. Chemical attributes related to soil fertility presented a higher spatial dependence range in the B horizon, probably as a result of more intensive management and erosion history of the superficial soil layer. Maps for some attributes were interpolated. These had specific areas of occurrence and a wide distribution along the perimeter of the Capao Bonito District Forest, allowing a future site-specific soil management.


The invention discloses a polyurethane elastomer composition for an automobile slip pad, which has a double-component system and consists of two components, namely prepolymer and polymer, wherein the prepolymer with 7 to 14 percent of isocyanato is prepared by reacting diphenylmethane diisocyanate with polyoxypropylene polyol at the temperature of between 70 and 90 DEG C; and the polymer is prepared from poly-polyoxypropylene polyol, a catalyst and an antiaging agent. The polymer is mixed with the prepolymer according to a ratio of 100-20 to 100-35 to form a product with Shore hardness of 0 to 20. The polyurethane elastomer composition is mainly used for manufacturing insoles, automobile slip pads, bicycle saddles, handicapped wheelchair saddles and other health-care protective articles, and the obtained products are environment-friendly and safe, and have good processability and comfortable handfeel.


Introduction

Genetic Determination of Parentage for Forensic Purposes

General Background

Emerging Issues in Genetic Determination of Parentage

Genetic Determination of Parentage as a Consequence of Genetic Testing for Nonidentification Purposes

Findings of Misattributed Paternity

Alternative Approaches to Handling Findings of Misattributed Paternity

Other Possible Unanticipated Findings Regarding Familial Relationships

Keywords:

genetics;
ethics


Radiation resistant camera includes a camera module (10) having an electronic image sensor (11). A camera module (10) is arranged in a radiation shield case (18), the housing having an opening (26) allowing light to enter the image sensor (11). Moreover, the camera module (10) connected to the heat absorbing cooling element (20) which dissipate heat from the camera module (10).


Object of the present invention is to provide an effective peeling while inhibiting corrosion of a metal gate on the semiconductor resist adhering to the metal gate semiconductor cleaning method. Having an ashing step (step s1) on the photoresist ashing semiconductor, and make contact with the semiconductor through an ashing step of the sulfuric acid solution containing persulfuric acid after ashing step from the peeling of the semiconductor of the semiconductor light anti cleaning step (step s2) corrosion inhibitor persulfate. Washing the persulfate step containing persulfuric acid solution of sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide concentration in 16mM as O or less, the sulfuric acid concentration 90 mass% 96 mass%, a liquid temperature below 70 ℃ 130 ℃, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the above 0.50mM as O ~ 25mM as O or less.


The synthesis, physico‐chemical properties and complexes with transition element cations of pyridine‐2‐carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (L) are reported. The synthesis and structural analysis of L, its complexes with MCl2 (M = Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II)) and MıCl3 (Mı = Cr(III), Co(III)) salts are reported. Their general formulas are [M(L)3]Cl3 · 3H2O [M = Cr(III) and Co(III)], [M(L)(H2O)Cl]Cl [M = Zn(II) and Mn(II)] and [Cd(L)Cl2)] · H2O. Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) complexes with a metal‐ligand ratio 1:1 and Cr(III), Co(III) complexes with a metal‐ligand ratio 1:3 have been prepared. Molecular structures of these complexes were identified using elemental analyses, FT‐IR UV‐Vis, thermogravimetric (TGA) and conductivity techniques. The structure, along with other physico‐chemical studies, establishes that the complexes of L, except for the cobalt complex, are low‐spin. Spectroscopic analysis shows that the transition metal complexes have octahedral or tetrahedral geometry. For the Cr(III) and Co(III) complexes octahedral geometry is proposed, and the Zn(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) complexes are proposed to be of tetrahedral geometry. The stability constants of the Zn(II) and Mn(II) complexes were determined by the Job method. The stability constants of the Zn(II) and Mn(II) complexes were found to be 8.77 × 104 M–1 and 6.40 × 105 M–1, respectively. The increase in stability constants follows the order of Zn(II) > Mn(II) and this increase is in agreement with the Irving‐Williams series.


The purpose of this study was to examine differences in nursing student's assessment skills before and after the implementation of a cognitive apprenticeship didactic approach including think-aloud and critical dialogue. In the nursing care of clients, a through and accurate holistic health assessment is essential. The content of the assessment task is taught in all nursing programs. Students must be competent not only in performing the examination but also in evaluating the information obtained and integrating it with the health history and lab findings. This extensive criteria makes assessment a challenging skill to master. Problems arise when students in nursing attempt to apply the theoretical assessment approaches to the clinical setting with real clients. Consequently, student's performance outcomes are often unsatisfactory, as the teaching format usually focuses on the students' acquisition of domain knowledge and psychomotor skills rather than on shaping the thinking processes involved. Students' common problems with physical assessment shows that they struggle to manipulate the abstract positions involved.


Since its invention, concrete is the most commonly used building material in the world. However, the environmental impacts of concrete's constituents cannot be ignored. For example, 709 kg of CO2is produced in the middle east per ton of cement while the increased demand for natural aggregates for concrete material (e.g. 48.3 billion tons in 2015) exploits natural resources. Moreover, the ceramic industry produces a total of 22 billion tons of ceramic waste on an annual basis which is mostly transferred to landfills. Additionally, the growth of landfills from waste glass is a significant problem that needs to be solved as well. Thus, this research aims to determine experimentally the efficiency of using Ceramic Waste Powder (CWP), Glass Waste (GW) and Recycled Concrete Waste (RCW) from the Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) in the production of an environmentally friendly concrete of low CO2emission and cost-efficient. At the end of this research, it was concluded that using construction waste in the concrete mix makes producing a green concrete achievable with the advantages of high strength and low cost.


We use measured nuclear magnetic moments together with some very general assumptions about nuclear wave functions to estimate the spin-dependent elastic cross sections of supersymmetric dark-matter particles on a variety of nuclei. Our cross sections are nearly always smaller than the corresponding single-particle estimates. In light nuclei with mirror partners, we make use of β-decay ft values in addition to magnetic moments and obtain even more accurate results.


We would like to thank all of the sponsors that gave the financial support to the International Symposium on Bioremediation, Revegetation, Biomaterial, and Conservation (IS BIOREV) 2018. Our honorable to: 1. Research Center for Biology 2. PT Rodamas 3. PT Free Port Indonesia 4. PT Petrokimia Kayaku 5. PT Hatfield Consultants 6. PT Agritek Tani Indonesia


The European Committee for Normalization (CEN) decided in 1990 to initiate a standardization program in the field of road equipment. For this purpose, a technical committee was created -- TC 226. On the occasion of its first meeting in April 1990, TC 226 entrusted Working Group 1 (WG1) with the standardization of safety barriers, crash cushions, and, in a general way, road restraint systems. This article briefly discusses the European objectives, the basis for standardization, the work of TC 226/WG1, the choice of performances, and acceptance criteria.


Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is an electrophysiological disorder of the heart caused by pre-stimulation of an abnormal lateral pathway that can be asymptomatic or may be accompanied by palpitations or shortness of breath. We reported a case of a 66-yearold man with a history of Wolff-Parkinson syndrome who was transferred to the operating room for simultaneous nephrectomy due to RCC and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Managing the anesthesia of these patients is challenging because they are prone to life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. Observance of all necessary precautions to prevent tachyarrhythmias, balanced anesthesia, careful monitoring and preparation with the necessary drugs and equipment to treat any complication, is the cornerstone of a positive surgical outcome. Keywords: Wolff Parkinson white syndrome; abdominal aortic aneurysm; electrophysiological disorder; anesthetic management.


Pelvis: Bones, Joints, Ligaments Floor of the Pelvis Perineum Uterus and Vagina Obstetric Pelvis The Passenger: Fetus Fetopelvic Relationships Engagement, Synclitism, Asynclitism Examination of the Patient Normal Mechanism of Labor Clinical Course of Normal Labor Fetal Assessment in Labor Induction of Labor Dystocia Abnormal Cephalic Presentation Management of the Second Stage Fetal Assessment in the Second Stage Obstetric Forceps and Vacuum Shoulder Dystocia Delivery of the Placenta, Retained Placenta, Placenta Accreta Postpartum Hemorrhage Episiotomy, Lacerations, Uterine Rupture, Inversion Cesarean Section Labor After Prior C-Section Face Presentation Breech Presentation Transverse Lie Compound Presentations The Umbilical Cord Multiple Pregnancy Neglected Labor: Destructive Operations on the Fetus Preterm Labor Antepartum Hemorrhage Maternal Complications in Labor Fetal Complication in Labor Infectious Disease in Labor Prolonged Pregnancy Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia Use of Ultrasound in Labor The Puerperium The Newborn Infant Risk Management in Labor Quality Improvement Using Obstetrical Data


An amperometric p-benzoquinone-mediating biosensor for glucose based on glucose oxidase immobilised in a composite of regenerated silk fibroin and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was developed. The stability and dependence of the biosensor on pH, temperature and applied potential were investigated. The results show that the apparent Michaelis constants for the calibration curves of the biosensor are dependent on the applied potential and the operational temperature.


The recent Supreme Court ruling in U.S. v. Comstock (2010) upheld the constitutionality of The Adam Walsh Act, which provides for civil commitment of child pornography (CP) offenders certified as sexually dangerous, thereby approving litigation of all such prisoners in the federal system. The two studies reported here sought to address the question: What is the likelihood that an individual convicted of child pornography offenses has a prior history of a hands-on sexual offense involving a child or has a high probability of committing such an offense? Our sample consisted of 349 participants: 113 who committed an Internet sexual offense only and no other known or self-reported hands-on sexual offense, 176 child molesters who reported no Internet sexual offense, and 60 child molesters that reported committing an Internet sexual offense. Study 1 yielded two scales, one reflecting Antisocial Behavior (AB) and one reflecting Internet Preoccupation (IP). Those two scales predicted membership in the combined sample of child molesters with a high degree of accuracy (c = 0.75). Study two revealed that all three groups were discrete with respect to AB and IP. By increasing the IP scale by 1 point, the odds of being an IO rather than a CM increased by 86%. The plotted conditional probabilities increased linearly as values on the AB scale increase, from 0.27 when AB = 0 to 0.84 when AB = 13. Our results are discussed in terms of risk discrimination among possessors of child pornography, relevance of risk to the statutory third prong element of serious difficulty, and the policy implications of the findings reported here.


Inexpensive PIN diode detector samples screen brightness between camera frames generating error signal for feedback control of intensity. System was tested by taking flat-field exposures at several density levels over 4 hour period. Results showed processed film density levels varied by less than + or - 10 percent usually centering around + or - 8 percent.


The Wildlife Clubs of Kenya (WCK) is the largest grassroots environmental education organization for youth in Africa. Despite three decades of environmental education involving more than one million youth, no documented history exists of the organization or its role in environmental education in Kenya. The objective of this study was to develop a historical perspective of WCK and provide lessons learned for other environmental education programs for youth. This study used document review, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with 50 respondents. Key success factors revealed by the study include partnerships between motivated individuals and conservation organizations, involvement in high-profile environmental issues, student trips to national parks, impacts on career choices of student, and decentralization of the organization. Critical recommendations for the future include the need to adapt to changing environmental issues and instructional strategies, enhance networking and public relations, incorporate strategic planning into programming, and capitalize on support of former WCK members. This study reflects the importance of documenting the history of environmental education organizations in order to build on past successes and improve program effectiveness for the future.


In that case, such an undertaking has the same scope AS quality standards. The undertakings given by the licensee and mentioned at I (D) do not in any case have any restrictive effect on competition when the licensee retains the possibility of disclosing experience gained or of granting licences to third parties and is entitled to participate in the licensor's future acquisitions in the field of experience and inventions. With regard to undertakings given by the licensor concerning the disclosure of experience or the grant of a licence, as mentioned at I (D), these seem to be unexceptionable from the point of view of the law relating to competition, even without that limitation. Thus point I (D) only covers the obligation to disclose experience or to grant licences; this is without prejudice to the appraisal from a legal point of view of any restrictions imposed on the interested parties concerning the utilisation of such experience or inventions. By the undertaking mentioned at I (E)—not to authorise the use of the invention by any other person—the licensor forfeits the right to make agreements with other applicants for a licence. Leaving out of account the controversial question whether such exclusive undertakings have the object or effect of restricting competition, they are not likely to affect trade -between Member States as things stand in the Community at present The undertaking not to exploit the patented Invention oneself is closely akin to an assignment of the right and accordingly does not seem to be open to objection.


The paper presents an analytic framework that describes how the declining fertility rate of Australia between 1978 - 2016 has affected its economy. Issues related to population have long been the subject of debate in the industrialized countries like the United States and European nations following the shift in their population structure. The awareness of the declining fertility rate in Australia remains a concern to the Australian government as the new trend will reshape the country's demographic pattern. This paper seeks to examine the fertility rate of Australia and how it has affected GDP per capita. The study uses the simple ordinary least squares (OLS) methodology to analyze this effect. Our result showed an inverse relationship between fertility rate in Australia and per capita income.


Vection refers to illusion of self motion in stationary obervers usually by means of moving visual stimuli [Fischer and Kornmüller 1930]. Linear vection naturally occurs when seated in a train and observing another train on an adjacent track start moving. The very compelling but brief illusion happens as observers are not paying particular attention to the environment but are rather "defocused" from the scene. We studied the effect of two visual attention tasks on the perception of linear vection. The results show a significant decrease in vection onset time with an attention task.


Kinematics and dynamics of parallel machine tool were analyzed,and a dynamic control was realized by using a model reference adaptive controller with proportional integral feedforward loop.A simulation of the system demonstrates that it is stable and reliable.The controller can effectively filter noise and obtain a good dynamic tracking accuracy.


We report observation of spin-pair excitations in ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{YCu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$, with \ensuremath{\delta} in the range 0.0\char21{}0.9. The frequency of the excitations, and hence the value of the exchange constant, J=950 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, is similar to that reported recently for (nonsuperconducting) ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$. The present observation of magnetic excitations in a superconducting material, and of their evolution as a function of \ensuremath{\delta}, demonstrate a large influence of carrier concentration on the spin-fluctuation dynamics.


Provided are a protective element and a battery pack that maintain current capacity at the time of overcurrent protection and that use heat emitted by a heating element to reliably cause melting. The protective element is provided with: a first insulating substrate (55); first and second external electrodes (51, 52); a heating element (57) that is provided to the rear surface (55b) side of the first insulating substrate (55); front/rear surface electrodes (56, 64) that are provided between the first external electrode (51) and the second external electrode (52) of the surface (55a) of the first insulating substrate (55); a meltable conductor (53) that is layered across the first and second external electrodes (51, 52) so as to overlap with the surface electrode (56) on the front surface (55a); a through hole (58) comprising a conductive layer (65) on the inner surface thereof; and a preliminary solder (66) that is used to fill the interior of the through hole (58). The heat of the heating element (57) causes the preliminary solder (66) and the meltable conductor (53) to melt. The wettability of the front/rear surface electrodes (56, 64), the conductor layer (65) that is within the through hole (58), and the like causes the melted preliminary solder (66) and the meltable conductor (53) to move to the rear surface (55b) side of the high-temperature first insulating substrate (55).


In this paper, in particular, we prove the existence of uncountable many transcendental entire functions taking the set of the Liouville numbers into itself. This solves a problem posed by K. Mahler in 1984.


Aims at the question of insufficiency of centrifuge's handling capacity,the dehydration system of dust coal is transformed.The problem is solved by the separation of block and powder,thus save the production cost,and has obtained the good economic efficiency.


To seek the optimum treatment method and time of breaking the hard shell of seeds of Lithocarpus glabra,we have adopted such methods as scraping seed coat,peeling off seed coat,in different treatments at 4°C,15°C,25°C constant temperatures,with H2SO4(98%) treating 5 or 30 minutes respectively,NaOH(10%,20%,30%) treating 2.5h,3h,and 3.5h respectively,KNO3(1%,2%,4%,6%) treating 48 or 72 hours respectively,GA3(100,200,300,400 mgL1) treating 24 h or 48 hours so as to explore their effects on the germination rate of Lithocarpus glabra respectively.The results show that 25°C is the optimum temperature for the germination of Lithocarpus glabra.The germination rate of the seeds untreated is 44%,and that of the seeds treated by scraping seed coat is 50% while that of peeling off seed coat is 96%.There are no obvious effects on germination in the treatment with 98% H2SO4and NaOH,but KNO3has some effect,and the germination of the seeds treated by 4% KNO3for 24 hour can reach 90%.GA3 is good for germination,and 300 mgL-1GA3treating the seeds for 24 hours can increase the germination rate to 90%.


This article focuses on changes that have taken place among Lombok's indigenous communities, including Sasak Bayan, Sasak Sade, and Sasak Ende. This study found that in the context of thick globalization where information technology is the driving force, the indigenous communities are no longer as the objects of the global cultural market. Instead, they are given the freedom to choose and sort out values that they consider good and appropriate with their needs. In addition, they also exercise the freedom of expression. However, the problem lies in the fact that their choices and ways of expressions are quite often violating old loyalties they have agreed. The communities of Sasak Bayan, Sasak Sade and Sasak Ende provide important information on how indigenous communities respond creatively to globalization based on their needs.


We present a combined tomographic weak gravitational lensing analysis of the Kilo Degree Survey (KV450) and the Dark Energy Survey (DES-Y1). We homogenize the analysis of these two public cosmic shear datasets by adopting consistent priors and modeling of nonlinear scales, and determine new redshift distributions for DES-Y1 based on deep public spectroscopic surveys. Adopting these revised redshifts results in a 0 . 8 σ reduction in the DES-inferred value for S 8 , which decreases to a 0 . 5 σ reduction when including a systematic redshift calibration error model from mock DES data based on the MICE2 simulation. The combined KV450 + DES-Y1 constraint on S 8 = 0 . 762 + 0 . 025 − 0 . 024 is in tension with the Planck 2018 constraint from the cosmic microwave background at the level of 2 . 5 σ . This result highlights the importance of developing methods to provide accurate redshift calibration for current and future weak lensing surveys.


Prostatic basal cell is thought to play a pivotal role in hyperplastic change or carcinogenesis of prostate by their proliferation and stem cell transformation. We investigated stem cell transformation of basal cell hyperplasia observed at biopsy specimens after High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) therapy for early stage prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: Basal cell hyperplasia was observed at biopsy specimens in two patients after HIFU therapy. Of these patients, one showed cancer recurrence. Specimens were studied with usual HE, and immunohistochemical studies for prostate specific antigen (PSA), stem cell markers such as CD44, CD117 (c-kit), CD133 and Vimentin. Results: Both basal cell hyperplasia cases indicated PSA (-), CD44 (++), CD117 (-), Vimentin (-) and one specimen showed CD133 (++). Basal cell hyperplasia was presumed to appear during the regeneration process of normal prostate tissue after HIFU therapy, when basal cell proliferated and transformed to acinal cells through epithelial to mesenchymal transition.


An analysis of temperature data from drill holes on the Stuart Shelf of South Australia demonstrates a major thermal anomaly associated with the Olympic Dam copper‐uranium‐gold deposit. The average heat flow on the Stuart Shelf (seven locations, excluding Olympic Dam) is 73mW/m2, but an additional heat flow of approximately 45mW/m2 is present in the sediments overlying the orebody. Although some of the anomalous heat flow appears to be generated in the mid‐Proterozoic basement at depths greater than 1 km, uranium assays indicate that approximately 30mW/m2 can be attributed to concentrations defining the orebody. Major anomalies in heat flow can be readily detected in the flat‐lying cover of Cambrian and late Proterozoic sediments. The Tregolana shale within this sequence is a widespread homogeneous unit, typically 100–200 m thick. It is easily identified on temperature logs by its high thermal gradient relative to other sections in the hole. The heat flow anomaly at Olympic Dam is clearly distinguished by...


The development of private colleges and universities affects structural reform and changes the trend of higher education. To study the running level of private colleges and universities, an empirical study must be conducted. First, statistical information from 23 Shandong Province private colleges and universities was collected, and an index system of education level with six primary indicators and 13 secondary indicators was constructed. The index data were standardized through a statistical analysis software. Analytical hierarchy process was adopted to determine the weight of the evaluation index and test the consistency of the judgment matrix. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was established, and the building evaluation set was improved. After confirming the membership matrix of the fuzzy relation, multi-index comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive ranking of private higher education level in Shandong Province were carried out. The improved traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can be used in evaluating the performance of private colleges and analyze scientific rankings. Results of this work have high theoretical significance and application value.


We present a new measurement of the production cross section $\sigma(p\bar{p} \rightarrow ZZ)$ at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV, obtained from the analysis of the four charged lepton final state $\ell^{+}\ell^{-}\ell^{'+} \ell^{'-}$ ($\ell$, $\ell^{'}$ = $e$ or $\mu$). We observe ten candidate events with an expected background of $0.37 \pm 0.13$ events. The measured cross section $\sigma(p\bar{p} \to ZZ)= 1.26^{+0.47}_{-0.37} \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.14 \mathrm{(syst)}$ pb is in agreement with NLO QCD predictions. This result is combined with a previous result from the $ZZ\to\ell^{+}\ell^{-}\nu\bar{\nu}$ channel resulting in a combined cross section of $\sigma(p\bar{p} \to ZZ)= 1.40^{+0.43}_{-0.37} \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.14 \mathrm{(syst)}$ pb.


Many people experienced the Great Japan Earthquake while they were driving. The breakdown of traffic lights accompanied by the blackout after the earthquake, led to serious traffic jams in the affected areas. What was worse, many people were swallowed by tsunami while driving, without knowing that tsunami was after them because of partially disconnected communication situation. This paper explains approaches to understand traffic situation using floating car data and to deliver accurate information to people driving at the time of disaster.


SINCE Cannon (1915) demonstrated that emotional stress is associated with an increased and prolonged secretion of adrenalin, attention has been directed to the relationship of the effects of adrenalin and the symptoms of anxiety. Maranon (1924), giving subcutaneous injections of the drug, observed effects varying from a vague apprehension to severe emotional disturbance and concluded that an exaggerated response is shown by anxiety neurotics. He demonstrated that emotion is not directly determined by the physical phenomena and that intense physical reaction can occur without emotional response. The emotion may not necessarily be that of fear, and a case experiencing great joy was described. Richter (1940) suggested that the emotional response may be due to the physical effects of the injection and claimed to have eliminated this by the introduction of adrenalin electrically through the skin. By this method he confirmed Maranon's findings, agreed that emotions other than fear may occur, and described an asthmatic who experienced a sensation of confidence after injection. He concluded that conaesthetic impulses arising from visceral disturbances excite an emotionally charged cortical pattern so that each tends to increase the degree of excitation of the other. Lindemann and Finesinger (1938) injected mecholyl and adrenalin intramuscularly into a group of neurotics. They objected to the intravenous route on the grounds of the rapid rise and fall of blood pressure which occurs and preferred the slower intramuscular route as it gave time for more prolonged observation. They found four groups: (1) specific response to adrenalin, (2) specific response to mecholyl, (3) reaction to both drugs, (4) no response to either. In the adrenalin-sensitive group the anxiety attacks were found to be unrelated to specific situations or mental content and were thought to coincide with Freud's " actual neurosis." The mecholyl-sensitive group were those with definite phobias and fears. The mixed group had a history of autonomic instability and hypochondriasis and the last group indicated more profound personality disorders. The writers recorded that in the adrenalin attack there is a surrender to anxiety, associated with diminished speech production, while in the mecholyl attack there is an active attitude directed to the environment, with increased speech production, associated with phobic states. 14 coright.


The synchronous fluorometry has been adopted to study the biodegradation rate of pyrene dissolved in mineral salts media (MSM). The limit of detection is calculated as 0.19ng/mL for the dissolved pyrene with the relative standard deviation less than 1.3% (n=9). The capability of three kinds of pyrene degrading strains has been investigated by the established method under same experimental condition. The results show that greatest feature of the process is its capability to detect directly without extraction. The result obtained is identical with the result of GC/FID experiment.


Powerful spread of English boosted by globalization has greatly accelerated endangerment and extinguishing of languages around the world.Ecological metaphor of language provides main mode for research on endangered languages for which international community led by UNESCO has endeavored hardly.National countries whose languages are non-powerful should take for granted to accept ecological evolution of languages while setting balance point between taking advantage of powerful language and preserving national culture heritage.


The spreading of brushless DC (BLDC) motors has imposed the need for efficient and low cost motor control drives. In this paper, a low cost digital controller is presented. For experimental testing, the controller is implemented inside a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device. The developed design is validated in a modular fashion by logic simulation and experimental results are provided. The main contribution is the presented controller design methodology for FPGA implementation.


Purpose of this study is to develop a method for accurate capillary area extraction from a captured image using RGB and HSV features. Experiments were conducted with eleven subjects. The proposed method utilizing OpenCV platform produced clearer capillary images compared to the original images: with capillary information, without capillary information, images with halation, images with black dots. SVM classification of capillary image with acquired numeric features of G, H, S and V values yielded over 90 % accuracy. The results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed method.


With the promotion of China's hard power,China's soft power should also be promoted.The research on international communication tactics of Chinese culture arouse many scholars' attention.Based on culture generality,this thesis analyzes some successful cases of Chinese and foreign culture comminication and puts forward to one of the efficient spread way——the tactic based on culture generality.The specific suggestions are discussed.


WHILE the fickle trends of fashion among investigators of blood pressure homeostasis have imparted various degrees of importance to the renin-angiotensin system since its discovery by Tiegerstedt and Bergman,' it is surprising that a principle which was first shown to raise blood pressure in 1898 was not purified and characterized fully until some 75 years later. The elusive nature of renin may be attributed in equal parts to its very low concentration in the principal organ of origin, the kidney, to confusion with other enzymes of similar properties, and to a remarkable instability which seemed to increase as purification proceeded. Several laboratories are now on the threshold of a successful purification and significant questions concerning possible renin precursors, detailed mechanism of action, role of possible inhibitors and facilitators, and the structure of the enzyme are soon to be resolved.


8 ASUBTITLE: FOLLOWING SLOW PROGRESS IN ATTRACTING CONTAINER TRAFFIC, LAEM CHABANG IS FINALLY HAVING AN IMPACT ON THE THAI PORTS INDUSTRY: HOWEVER, WITH BANGKOK'S KLONGTOEY WHARVES MORE CONGESTED THAN EVER, THE PORT AUTHORITY OF THAILAND (PAT) HAS HAD T


E-commerce business is very popular as a large amount of data is available on the internet in the form of unstructured data. To find new market trends and insight, it is very important for an organization to track the customers' opinions/reviews on a regular basis. Reviews available on the internet are very scattered and heterogeneous (i.e., structured as well as unstructured form of data). A good decision is always based on the quality of information within a specified period of time. Ontology is an explicit detailed study of concepts. The word ontology is borrowed from philosophy. It can also be defined as systematic maintenance of information about the things which already exist. In computer science, it could be said that it is a formal representation of knowledge with the help of a fixed set of believed concepts and the relationship between those concepts.


Hypothesis / aims of study Distigmine bromide (distigmine) is a long-acting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor that has been used in the treatment of detrusor underactivity (DU) in Japan and other several contories [1] Distigmine inhibits AChE in the urinary bladder and thereby indirectly enhances and prolongs the physiological effect of parasympathetic acetylcholine (ACh). This results in the increased stimulation of muscarinic receptors and enhances the contractile force of bladder smooth muscle. On the other hand, distigmine is associated with a serious adverse reaction, cholinergic crisis, due to a marked decrease in AChE activity. Since distigmine is eliminated through the renal excretion route, renal dysfunction is considered to be one of the risk factors for cholinergic crisis by this agent. Because diabetic nephropathy is the common cause of renal dysfunction, we used streptozotocin (STZ)–induced diabetic rat model to examine whether diabetic nephropathy affects to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of distigmine.


In a class of time-varying, large delay, non-Gaussian and nonlinear characteristics of complex industrial process, its control quality indicators often gradually deviated from the original design values. To solve this problem, it is very important to control the quality of the control loop and find out the reasons. The synthetic ammonia decarbonisation is a complex industrial process. The crystal size is chosen as the research object, and the control loop is evaluated by the method of control quality evaluation based on the minimum variance. The reasons for the variation are estimated and predicted by the method of particle filter. The simulation results show that the control quality evaluation method based on the minimum variance and the particle filter method are effective and feasible.


Using data from the 1976 Survey of Income and Education this study examines the wage functions (after correcting for selectivity bias) for Hispanic American men. Hispanic Americans suffer from a number of handicaps in the labor market: 1) their average educational levels are lower; 2) many are recent immigrants to the US; 3) many (even of those born in the US) lack fluency in English; and 4) they are younger on the average than white nonHispanics. Results show that the average education levels around 12.5 years for white nonHispanic male wage earners and 10.5 years for blacks are less than 10th grade for Mexicans and Puerto Ricans. All Hispanic groups except US born Mexicans and Central and South Americans have lower returns to education than Anglos. The estimated coefficients of the wage functions and average characteristics of the various ethnic groups can indicate which policies are likely to be effective in raising the wages of Hispanics and blacks. Policy implications are: 1) the effect of health improvements on incomes will come via increased annual hours worked not improved wage rates; 2) because lower wage offers received by Hispanics in highly Hispanic states may be due to discrimination or moving costs policies encouraging Hispanics who are now concentrated in the Southwest to migrate to other regions and offer relocation subsidies for moving expenses would improve this situation; 3) language programs would hardly affect most Hispanic mens average wage even though 1/3 of them lack fluency in English; and 4) the potential gains to raising education levels are quite large--Mexican American mens average wage offer could be raised 16% if their education levels could be raised an average of 3 grades.


In this article are analyzed the integration into the job market and society of a group that faces a serious risk of social exclusion – those persons dependent on drugs who, following their period in prison, are about to integrate into the job market and society, To this end, a survey has been carried out which is representative on a nationwide level of this group in order to analyze their socio-professional profile and also their participation in activities attached to programmes involving integration into the job market and society. The main techniques of statistical analysis applied have been those involving contrasting media, a variance analysis, a contingency table, correlation, an analysis of conglomerates and a factorial analysis. A methodological triangulation process has also been carried out that introduces qualitative techniques. The qualitative data has been obtained, recorded and analyzed via ten in-depth interviews with those responsible for programmes and technicians working on the latter that develop courses of action to encourage the integration of this social group.


Wong and Saunders have previously sought to describe the relationship between business orientation and performance. This article presents a further analysis of their results using the multivariate mapping technique of correspondence analysis. The analysis provides further insights into the relationships between the variables under study by allowing the distance between variables to be seen. In this case, it shows how close various business orientations are to one another. The results suggest that significant differences in corporate performance can result from only comparatively small differences in strategic marketing ability.


The authors show that the classical double-insulator thin-film (electroluminescent) EL display can be driven by a CdSe thin-film transistor (TFT) matrix. Both the display and the TFTs can be fabricated by thin-film technology. The active matrix EL-display concept is outlined. A comparison is made of passive versus active EL-displays. The TFT requirements are derived, and their measured performance is described.<<ETX>>


OF THE DISSERTATION AN AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL FILTERING PROCESS TO REMOVE INTRADAY SEASONAL VOLATILITY AND ITS APPLICATION TO TESTING THE NOISY RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS MODEL


One of the promising extraction techniques is dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) and in the last years, numerous efforts have been focused on establishing new coating materials for D-μ-SPE. In this work, we have synthesized a new composite based on the combination of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and polystyrene. Polystyrene is one of the most widely produced polymers, used as protective packaging, containers, lids, bottles and disposable cutlery. In this case, we have employed polystyrene from packaging of vegetables. Recycling of the polymer is in accordance with criteria of sustainable chemistry. In order to achieve the best composite, different composites were prepared employing 200 mg of MNPs, 5 mL of chloroform and 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg of polystyrene. The results in Figure 1 show that the analytical signal increased by enhancing the amount of polystyrene till 150 mg, and then decreased. Due to the increase of hydrophobicity and carbon content of the composite, the extraction capability of the composite improved by enhancing the amount of polystyrene till 150 mg. The higher amount of polystyrene, resulted to a very hard composite that was not possible to be grinded well. So, the sorbent was not a homogenous solid and resulted to the worse extraction capability and repeatability.


This paper compares Bourdieu's notion of habitus with Bernstein's concept of code in an attempt to show how the apparent similarities mask more deeply seated differences in the way the concepts are conceived and used. We argue that Bernstein is following an essentially structuralist agenda of the kind that Bourdieu has set himself against. To this end, Bourdieu seeks to overcome the rigidities of 'rules' (which lie at the heart of the idea of Bernstein's code), with the more flexible notion of 'strategy' which incorporates the idea that structure and agency are implicit in each other rather than being dichotomous entities.


Abstract In this paper, we consider Bayesian point estimation and predictive density estimation in the binomial case. After presenting preliminary results on these problems, we compare the risk functions of the Bayes estimators based on the truncated and untruncated beta priors and obtain dominance conditions when the probability parameter is less than or equal to a known constant. The case where there are both a lower bound restriction and an upper bound restriction is also treated. Then our problems are shown to be related to similar problems in the Poisson case. Finally, numerical studies are presented.


Two trials using a total of 48 pigs were conducted to compare protein (soybean meal and casein) and carbohydrate (dextrose and lactose) sources. In trial 1, digestion studies were conducted to determine apparent digestible energy content of the four treatments and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients. In trial 2, pigs were sacrificed to determine ileal and total tract (apparent) nutrient digestibility coefficients. Results suggest that milk products are important to improving energy and nutrient digestibility in the young pig. The younger the pig or the sooner after weaning, the greater the benefit from their addition. The data also suggest that milk protein is of greater value in improving nutrient utilization than milk carbohydrate.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1987


Objective To study the effect of compound glycyrrhizin and hepatocyte growth-promoting factors(pHGF) in treatment of hepatic fibrosis.Methods Eighty cases of chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into combination group,compound glycyrrhizin group,pHGF group and control group.The hepatic function and hyaluronic acid(HA),precollagen Ⅲ(PCⅢ),laminin(LN) and collogen IV were detected pre-and post-treatment.Results ALT、AST and ALB were improved post-treatment in every treatment groups(P0.05).ALT、AST and ALB were better in combination group,compound glycyrrhizin group and pHGF group than these in the control group(P0.05).ALT、AST and ALB wer more improved in combination group than these in compound glycyrrhizin group and pHGF group(P0.05).Compared with pre-treatment,HA、PCⅢ、collogen IV and LN were lower post-treatment in every treatment group(P0.05).HA、PCⅢ、collogen IV and LN were lower in combination group,compound glycyrrhizin group and pHGF group than these in control group(P0.05).HA、PCⅢ、collogen IV and LN were lower in combination group than these in compound glycyrrhizin group and pHGF group(P0.05).Conclusion The effect of both compound glycyrrhizin and pHGF in treatment of hepatic fibrosis is similar,but the effect of therapeutic alliance is more better.


The incidence of non-secretory multiple myeloma ranged between 1−5% cases of plasma cell dyscrasia (PCD). In the developed countries like in Europe, cases of MM ranged from 4.5 up to 6.0/100.000 population/year with a median age at diagnosis between 63 and 70 years. A very rare disease with difficulties in diagnosis in the clinical practice is the main reason for reporting this case. A nonsecretory MM (MMNS) case was reported in a 36–year-old male with multiple osteolytic lesions and bone pain; whereas renal insufficiency as well as anemia was not found. The protein electrophoresis result showed a presence of hypoglobulinemia. On bone marrow aspiration (BMA) there was an infiltration of about 40% of plasma cells. Nonsecretory was due to a disruption of immunoglobulin secretion, so M protein was not found in immuno-fixation electrophoresis. Epidemiological data showed that the incidence of MM in young age is very low. The diagnosis of MMNS is established when a plasmocyte neoplasm is not accompanied by renal insufficiency, hypercalcemia and decreased levels of normal immunoglobulin.


The exposure of a research team to chigger mites in southern Chile allowed the first identification of a trombiculid species as vector and reservoir of scrub typhus outside the tsutsugamushi triangle, providing unique insights into the ecology and transmission of this recently discovered rickettsial infection in South America.


We report on the fabrication of diamond-like photonic structures in PMMA resist and their use as porous templates for transferring three-dimensional patterns to metals or dielectrics. Following the original "three drilling holes" approach first proposed by Yablonovitch, we used three consecutive exposures of PMMA resist to an x-ray beam through a triangular lattice of holes. A submicronic patterning was thus obtained in thick PMMA layers (>6 μm). Optical characterizations of 1.3 μm period templates showed a well-defined photonic gap in the midinfrared. The pattern transfers from the PMMA templates to a metal (copper) and a high refractive index dielectric (titania) were achieved by the electrodeposition and sol–gel filling techniques, respectively. Three-dimensional metallic structures of 1.3 μm lattice constant were obtained with extreme regularity over a thickness of ∼6 μm, thereby providing a way to build submicrometer photonic band gap materials for optical wavelengths.