The debate on regional development has recently expanded from an increasingly comprehensive view on the resilience regarding regions, in response to a very diverse matrix of external shocks, including financial crises, dangerous climate changes, terrorist movements and extreme environmental disasters. The notion of location resilience emerges as a specific ability of localities in reacting, responding and dealing with changes and uncertainties facing adversity, as natural disasters or artificial ones. In Brazil, an emblematic case of regional resilience can be identified in the region of the Industrial Pole of Cubatao, SP where it is analyzing how a region which has been called the "Valley of Death" (1980), managed to reverse an imminent situation of losing its industrialization through joint efforts. The critical framework of environmental degradation has been reversed and it is close to normality. This study aims to present the main theoretical approaches of regional resilience and verify their applicability in the case of the Industrial area of Cubatao. It is structured in three sections, first we present the main theoretical approaches on regional resilience and respective analysis models; in the sequence, it will be performed a narrative of the Industrial Pole of Cubatao, under the Evolutionary Economics perspective and analysis of the Plan of Action for Environmental Recovery (1983-2008). The resultant achievement indicators and territorial competences adopted indicating the adaptability stage of the region in the long term. The final considerations highlight the efforts that are being promoted in an attempt of solving issues that still exist in the region and suggestions for future studies.


Preface Abbreviations INTRODUCTION 1. Bede and Wearmouth-Jarrow : a unique witness 2. The Historia Abbatum and the Vita Ceolfrithi 3. Commemoration, Hagiography, and Monastic Tradition 4. The Foundations of Wearmouth and Jarrow 5. Abbatial arrangements 6. Ceolfrith 7. Political Crises 8. The Ghost of Wilfrid 9. Family Problems 10. Bede's Letter to Bishop Ecgbert 11. Wearmouth, Jarrow, and the royal court 12. Bede and the Anonymous 13. The Latin style of the Historia Abbatum and the Vita Ceolfridi 14. Descriptions and relations of the manuscripts 15. Previous editions and translations 16. Editorial procedure TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS Homily 1.13 on Benedict Biscop Vita Ceolfridi Historia Abbatum Epistola ad Ecgbertum Appendices Bibliography Index of Manuscripts Index of biblical and classical quotations General Index


The detection of metallic objects is an important application in state-of-the-art security technology. In particular, for humanitarian mine detection the task is to detect objects that are buried in soil. Usually hand-held mine detectors create an electromagnetic pulse via a current in some wire loop and evaluate the scattered electromagnetic field via induction in a receiver loop that is moved together with the sender loop. This receiver signal can then be employed in identifying the location and the shape of metallic objects. Here, we model the full electromagnetic scattering problem in a two-layered medium from a perfectly conducting obstacle using boundary integral equations. The scattered field is modeled via a boundary layer approach and for its kernel the Green's matrix for the two-layered medium is constructed. We establish uniqueness and existence for the solution of the corresponding boundary integral equation. In the second part of the paper, we employ a direct search method for parameter estimation to find the location and size of some simple metallic objects from measurements of the induced voltage for a number of sender–receiver-loop positions.


In organic farming, the components of the whole farm system interact closely and grassland plays the central role in this intricate web, including the arable cropping phase. Grassland is important particularly in relation to nitrogen supply via its influence on N-fixation, soil organic matter, structure and biological activity and it also has a major role to play in restricting the build-up of arable weeds and soil-borne crop diseases in arable rotations. Ruminant livestock share this central role with grassland on most successful organic farms, and the success of the livestock enterprise is intimately tied up with the management and productivity of the grassland.


September 15,2003 through May 15,2005 This grant funds the maintenance, updating, and distribution of programs for computing ocean tide loading, to enable the corrections for such loading to be more widely applied in space- geodetic and gravity measurements. These programs, developed under funding from the CDP and DOSE programs, incorporate the most recent global tidal models developed from Topex/Poscidon data, and also local tide models for regions around North America; the design of the algorithm and software makes it straightforward to combine local and global models.


Objects We reported that the extract from Angelica furcijuga(AF)lobe and stem(AF extract)treatments stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16 melanoma cell and also in mouse hair by oral treatment. In this study, we investigated the effects of the AF extract on Tyrosinase activity in B16 melanoma cell, pigmentation of mouse's hair, serum α-melanocyte stimulating hormone(α- MSH)level and the master gene of pigment cell, microphthalmia transcription factor(Mitf), expression in mouse back skin in C57BL/6 mice. Methods The concentration levels were adjusted by adding AF extract and the B16 cells were cultured. The cells were collected and measured tyrosinase activity and MIFT mRNA expression. Mice were administered AF extract every day for 3 weeks. Mitf expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and serum α-MSH levels were measured by EIA method. Results The Tyrosinase activity showed a concentration-dependent change by AF extract. Mitf mRNA expression were observed significantly in the extract AF addition B16 cells. Mitf expression were observed in the extract AF addition mouse skin and accorded with the pigmentation of mouse's hair. Serum α-MSH level did not change by the AF extract. Conclusion It was found that AF extract promote the expression of Mitf and activate tyrosinase. In addition, the expression of Mitf was also found that the α-MSH is not involved. These results suggest that AF-extract-stimulated melanogenesis was not influenced by serum α-MSH level. Mitf expression may through the induction of AF-extractstimulated melanogenesis.


It is estimated that about 60 percent of total global methane emissions are thought to be from anthropogenic sources and about 40 percent from natural sources. Anthropogenic sources encompass a wide range of human activities, including food and energy production and waste disposal. Livestock (through fermentation processes in their digestive system that generates methane and manure management), rice cultivation, landfills, and sewage account for 55-57 percent of global anthropogenic emissions. This paper investigates methane emissions from agricultural land-use and livestock (e.g., poultry and cattle) farming practices in Delaware. Laser-based point sensing can provide a higher spatial and temporal resolution that can complement satellite observations to identify individual sources and broader geographical areas. A detailed understanding of their sources and sinks is necessary to model emissions profile accurately. This paper shows field measurements of methane using mid-IR laser-based sensors and validation with satellite data. We conducted our field deployment locally in the Delaware, Kent, and Sussex county regions focusing on high methane emitting areas. We used the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) methane satellite data to get a unified emissions map of methane production in Delaware by comparing our ground-based measurements with the satellite data. Furthermore, we examined the satellite data for long-term methane emissions trends to quantify 2020 average methane emissions.


Two methods are available for the simultaneous transmission of several telephone conversations on the same radio beam or cable. These are frequency division multiplex (FDM) in which different conversations are assigned different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and pulse time modulation (PTM) in which different conversations are sampled at intervals and the samples interleaved in time for transmission. Among the methods of pulse time multiplex are pulse position modulation (PPM), pulse width modulation (PWM), pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), and pulse code modulation (PCM). This last method is perhaps the most elegant of all, and the most complicated in terms of the necessary terminal equipment. The advantages procured by this increased complexity are a relatively high immunity to noise in the transmission system and, of special importance in some applications, the possibility of encrypting the signals for greater privacy by means other than the usual "scrambler." Under many circumstances, PCM systems will be less expensive and more reliable than other multiplex methods.


The development of bilingualism of a bilingual child is inextricably linked with the formation of an individual folklore-linguistic picture of the world. In this regard, proverbs, sayings, riddles and folk phraseology as universal phenomena of folklore of the Russian and Greek languages, which have important linguistic and cultural potential, are of particular interest from the point of view of their presence in the bilingual speech and thought activity.The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the functioning of paremiological and phraseological units in a bilingual speech determine the content of folklore language worldview and directly depend on the type of formation of the child's early bilingualism. Phraseological and paremiological composition of the folklore picture of the world of natural Russian-Greek bilinguals is asymmetric and directly depends on the type of early bilingualism –  in bilinguals who learn two languages on the principle of "one-person-one-language ", asymmetry prevails in favor of the Greek language, children from Russian-speaking families whose bilingualism develops according to the principle "family language is the language of society " exhibit better knowledge of Russian folklore elements compared to Greek


A collection of photographs showing the variety, beauty, eccentricity and colour of gardens around the world, from public showpieces such as the Alhambra and Versailles to private gardens which reflect the style and personal vision of their creators.


Abstract An experimental facility for the study of boiling flows in a 3 × 3 rod bundle geometry was setup. The bundle resembles in essential geometrical parts the geometry in a pressurized water reactor fuel element. The facility is operated with a refrigerant fluid. Beside standard instrumentation for temperature, pressure and flow rate we employed particle image velocimetry for single phase flow studies, gamma ray densitometry for integral gas fraction measurement sand ultrafast X-ray tomography for the study of the void dynamics in the cross-section. Moreover extensive thermo-instrumentation allows axial rod surface temperature measurements for the central heated rod. First results will be discussed in this article.


Objective:To observe the clinical effect and experimental effect of Jinqianduizuo mixture on treatment of cholelithiasis.Methods:In clinical research,200 cases of cholelithiasis were randomly divided into the treatment group(125 cases) and the contrast group(75 cases).The treatment group was treated by Jinqianduizuo mixture.The contrast group was treated by Dantong capsule.Two groups were treated by three courses.In experimental research,food induced cholelithiasis guinea pigs were divided into the treatment group and the contrast group.The gall bladder was taken out by operation after 70 days.The blood and bile was collected and the gallstone observed.The bile and the blood serum was also biochemical determined.Results:The clinical healable ratio and effective ratio of the treatment was 43.2% and 97.6% respectively,which were higher than those of the contrast group(P0.05).The experimental research showed that treatment group had lower ratio of gallstone form,more exudation of gall,and higher content of total bilirubin and total bile acids than the contrast group.Conclusion:Jinqianduizuo mixture has a good effect on preventment and treatment of cholelithiasis.


A new method is proposed for solving the glottal inverse filtering (GIF) problem. The goal of GIF is to separate an acoustical speech signal into two parts: the glottal airflow excitation and the vocal tract filter. To recover such information one has to deal with a blind deconvolution problem. This ill-posed inverse problem is solved under a deterministic setting, considering unknowns on both sides of the underlying operator equation. A stable reconstruction is obtained using a double regularization strategy, alternating between fixing either the glottal source signal or the vocal tract filter. This enables not only splitting the nonlinear and nonconvex problem into two linear and convex problems, but also allows the use of the best parameters and constraints to recover each variable at a time. This new technique, called alternating minimization glottal inverse filtering (AM-GIF), is compared with two other approaches: Markov chain Monte Carlo glottal inverse filtering (MCMC-GIF), and iterative adaptive inverse filtering (IAIF), using synthetic speech signals. The recent MCMC-GIF has good reconstruction quality but high computational cost. The state-of-the-art IAIF method is computationally fast but its accuracy deteriorates, particularly for speech signals of high fundamental frequency (F0). The results show the competitive performance of the new method: With high F0, the reconstruction quality is better than that of IAIF and close to MCMC-GIF while reducing the computational complexity by two orders of magnitude.


Review(s) of: Original Skin: Exploring the Marvels of the Human Hide, by Maryrose Cuskelly, Scribe, $35 pb, ISBN 9781921640582, August.


In this work we assessed the discriminatory ability of Fourier‐transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) in 22 representative isolates from a collection of 318 carbapenem‐hydrolyzing class D β ‐lactamases (CHDL)‐producing Acinetobacter spp. (5 hospitals; 2001–2008) previously characterized by DNA‐based typing methods. FTIR spectra were acquired with a Bruker spectrometer and analyzed with support of several chemometric tools. The results showed that FTIR spectroscopy was able to distinguish the main CHDL‐producing Acinetobacter baumannii lineages causing infection in Portugal, the ST103 carrying blaOXA‐58, ST98 carrying blaOXA‐24/40and ST92 carrying blaOXA‐23. Moreover, this study revealed distinctive phenotypic features of A. baumannii lineages causing infections that might justify different epidemic potential. Spectroscopy may arise as a low cost and easily to perform alternative for typing A. baumannii isolates. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Specific immunoreagents have been obtained and a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a very high sensitivity to penicillins in standard solutions (0.06 ng/ml) as well as in the samples of milk (0.3 μg/kg) and meat (2.4 μg/kg) has been developed.


Abstract Background: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is routinely used for analysis of immunosuppressive drugs. This study investigated whether replacing analog internal standards (ANISs) with isotopically labeled internal standards (ILISs) has an impact on the performance of a LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of tacrolimus (TAC), sirolimus (SIR), ciclosporin A (CsA) and everolimus (EVE) in whole blood. Methods: Following hemolysis, protein precipitation, and extraction with either ANISs (ascomycin, desmethoxy-rapamycin, CsD), or ILISs (TAC-13C,D2; SIR-13C,D3; CsA-D12; EVE-D4), samples were centrifuged and injected into a LC-MS/MS device equipped with a C18 reversed phase column. The effect of the two ISs on the linearity, precision, accuracy, trueness, matrix effects, and carryover was investigated by using the same patient-, proficiency testing-, and quality control samples. Statistical analysis of agreement between results includes a standard random effects model and Passing-Bablok regression. Results: Within-day imprecision was <10%, between-day <8%, and trueness 91%–110% for all the analytes with both ISs. No carryover or matrix effects were observed. The median accuracy was −2.1% for CsA, 9.1% for EVE, 12.2% for SIR, and −1.2% for TAC with the ILISs; and −2% for CsA, 9.8% for EVE, 11.4% for SIR, and 0.2% for TAC with the ANISs. Results of patient and proficiency testing samples were not statistically different. Conclusions: Although ILISs are generally considered superior to ANISs, they may not be always essential. When optimizing a LC-MS/MS method other factors must be also considered.


Objective This study investigated the correlations of digit ratio (relative length of second and fourth fingers, 2D: 4D) and muscular strength with the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods In total, 164 patients with COPD were enrolled in this prospective study. In all patients, the following parameters were measured: body compartments, pulmonary function, digit ratio (i.e., 2D: 4D), muscle function, and levels of partial pressure of oxygen and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood. Results The right-hand digit ratio (R2D: 4D) was associated with dominant hand muscle dysfunction, non-dominant hand muscle dysfunction, and inspiratory muscle dysfunction. Logistic regression analysis showed that right-hand 2D: 4D (odds ratio [OR] = 0.01) and dominant hand muscle dysfunction (OR = 5.60) were significantly associated with past hospital admission. After adjustment for forced expiratory volume in 1 second, the following factors were associated with present acute exacerbations: right-hand 2D: 4D (OR = 0.01), dominant hand muscle dysfunction (OR = 3.83), expiratory muscle dysfunction (OR = 3.80), and inspiratory muscle dysfunction (OR = 3.61). Conclusions Lower digit ratio may be associated with higher prevalence of muscle dysfunction. This factor could be used to identify patients with COPD who are at higher risk of acute exacerbation.


Media literacy is usually consumed by adults parents, because the term media literacy is obtained in the student environment, but over time media literacy has also reached the community. With the rapid development in broadcasting and publishing, it is now able to bring changes to the joints of life. Media literacy is one form of community effort in maintaining positive values as wise media users. With the development and progress of the times that have given rise to technology, it now gives a very big change and is able to lead all divisions in the lives of Indonesian people. Considered in children and adolescents who are elements for Indonesian society. Considered in children and adolescents who are elements for Indonesian society. One of the state assets that ensures the continuity of leadership is adolescents, so what is used as an agent of change is a gradual study of media literacy, and is expected to ensure critical adolescents in becoming media users. In combating mass media exposure, media literacy activities carried out by the community make protection for audiences from attacks broadcast by mass media. media activities in Indonesia are more feared for fear of causing negative impacts on a group of people who are easily affected by negative content. Parents who care about their children will not provide physical health alone, but maintain mental health as well. And because his awareness of his child's education is very large, parents there are aware that his role as the person in charge for the implementation of media literacy is himself because the child's character is fully formed from an early age from what he hears and what he sees. If it is good that he sees and hears, then it is good for the character that is formed.


Platos work Republic is a great work in the history of western political thought, which has been an immense influence on the development of western political ideas. In the ideal state envisaged in this work, Plato created an ideal ruler for it philosopher-king,who is the key issue to the realization of the ideal republic.After a thorough analysis of the idea of philosopher-king, the author points out the origin and significance of the idea and thus give an insight into the value judgement and the totalitarianism refleated in the idea.


Deep neural networks (DNNs) have several technical issues on computational complexity, redundancy, and the parameter size – especially when applied in embedded devices. Among those issues, lots of parameters require high memory capacity which causes migration problem to embedded devices. Many pruning techniques are proposed to reduce the network size in deep neural networks, but there are still various issues that exist for applying pruning techniques to DNNs. In this paper, we propose a simple-yet-efficient scheme, accuracy-aware structured pruning based on the characterization of each convolutional layer. We investigate the accuracy and compression rate of individual layer with a fixed pruning ratio and re-order the pruning priority depending on the accuracy of each layer. To achieve a further compression rate, we also add quantization to the linear layers. Our results show that the order of the layers pruned does affect the final accuracy of the deep neural network. Based on our experiments, the pruned AlexNet and VGG16 models' parameter size is compressed up to 47.28x and 35.21x with less than 1% accuracy drop with respect to the original model.


Introduction. The purpose of the study is to develop measures determined by the strategic programmes for the development of Russian railway transport based on the analysis of power supply schemes for the traction network of the Far Eastern Railway, a branch of Russian Railways.Materials and methods. Evaluation of the performance of the traction power supply system was made based on the analysis of the actual performance of the Far Eastern Railway section, as well as the theories of electrical engineering and power supply of the 25 kV AC electrified railway system.Results. Based on the analysis of the joint operation of the external and traction power supply systems of the Far Eastern Railway, four traction substations with low technical and economic indicators were identified. Network sections that feed the substations are a bottleneck in the traction power supply system. It is proposed to increase the efficiency by switching the connection of the windings of transformers of traction substations to the systems of external and traction power supply according to the typical star – delta scheme. Such a connection will ensure an increase in the speed of trains, a reduction in train succession time and losses of electricity, an increase in the quality of electric energy in the external power supply system and electric networks of the Far Eastern Directorate for Energy Supply (a structural subdivision of Transenergo, a branch of Russian Railways).Discussion and conclusion. Normalisation of the connection of four traction substations according to the feeding scheme is ensured by changing the phasing in such a way that the power supply of the two legs of one winding of the power transformer is transferred to two windings. Alignment of the current modules in the windings of transformers of traction substations makes it possible to reduce the voltage drop in the most loaded phase and, accordingly, increase the voltage in the traction network, which ensures an increase in the speed of trains and a reduction in passing intervals. Switching the power supply of the arms from one winding of the transformer to two reduces the loss of electrical energy in power transformers and the external power supply system. Reducing the current unbalance in the windings of the power transformer improves the quality of electrical energy in the system of external and district power supply. An increase in the service life of the power transformer is ensured by a decrease in the intensity of thermal wear of the insulation of the most loaded winding.


Through quasi-experimental methodology,this paper studies the impact of the social responsibility of retail enterprises on the brand equity under the circumstance of negative internet Word-of-Mouth under various types of negative online word-ofmouth( WOM). It is found that under product-related negative WOM,cause-related marketing and sponsorship can exert negative effect on brand equity to the same extent,whereas philanthropy donation can significantly repair brand equity. However,when the negative WOM is related to moral behaviors,enterprises' cause-related marketing behaviors and philanthropy donations can effectively repair brand equity to the same extent,but sponsorship has no remarkable impact; the philanthropy donation has the same repairing impact on both product-related negative WOM and moral behaviors-related negative internet WOM. The results make theoretical contribution that the impact of the social responsibility of retail enterprises on the brand equity can be regulated by the type of negative WOM; meanwhile the results provide some significant revelation on how the social responsibility behaviors of retail enterprises should be implemented under the circumstance of negative internet WOM.


Objective To prepare live attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine mirospheres by spray drying. Methods The optimal formula of protective agent and condition for preparation were screened by orthogonal test. The stability of vaccine was evaluated with yield,moisture content,virus titer,morphology of microspheres,size distribution and thermodynamic properties. Results The optimal inlet temperature,dying air speed and pump speed for spray drying were 180℃,3. 9 m / s and 2. 5 ml / min respectively. The optimal formula of protective agent was as follows:1. 5% trehalose,0. 2% human serum albumin (HSA) and 0. 2% polyvinylpyrrollidone (PVP). The prepared microspheres showed intact shapes and good dispersity,and their mean size and yield were 10. 9 μm and 54. 25% respectively. After storage at 37℃ for 1 week and at 25℃ for 6 months,both the decreases of virus titers of prepared vaccine mirospheres were not more than 0. 5 lgCCID50 / ml. Conclusion The live attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine mirospheres prepared by spray drying showed good stability. The preparation procedure was simple and suitable for industrial production.


From the pallet mounting surface which is vertically formed in the table 115 of the machine tool 101, the pallet mounting surface of the pallet support member 17 which is vertically formed in the pallet changer 11 moves while holding the pallet P vertically, turning after 180 ° turning indexing the platform 15 about a vertical axis, to move the pallet P 'from the pallet support member 17 to the table 115.


There is shortcoming in the traditional definition of public property. We should define the conception of public property from the point of view of business cost. There is not limitless public property right in the field of resources distribution of public property. Private property right actually is the base of solving the problem of public property resources distribution. The government, which plays a key vole in the provisional course of public property, but it impossibly turn out to be the best or the only provider of all public property. To define reasonably the scope of property that is provided by the government, we must pay regard to freedom of people in trading right and rule under the circumstances of market-oriented economy.


Purpose The purpose of this study was to detect COX-2,iNOS expression in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).This may provide theories for the research of inflammation and the colorectal carcinomas.Methods The expressions of COX-2,iNOS were studied in 100 cases of human colorectal carcinomas and 11 cases of normal colorectal mucosa by flow cytometry(FCM) and immunohistochemical staining.The clinical pathological significance of COX-2,iNOS expression in CRC were also analyzed.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the positive rate of COX-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma was 76.00% while in normal mucosa was only 9.10%,the expression of COX-2 in two groups were significantly different(P0.05).The positive rates in lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis groups were 87.50%(42/48),65.38%(34/52) respectively.There was significant difference between the two groups too(P0.05).The mean FI values of COX-2 expression detected by FCM in well,moderately and poorly differentiated groups were 2.47±1.41,2.70±1.08 and 3.01±1.26,respectively.The expression in each group was significantly higher than normal mucosa(1.00±0.28)(P0.01).Also,COX-2 expression in lymph node metastasis group(2.45±1.41) was significantly higher than the group without lymph node metastasis(1.61±1.27)(P0.05).The positive rate of iNOS expression in colorectal carcinomas(81.00%) was significantly higher than in the normal mucosa(27.27%)(P0.05),and positive rate in lymph node metastasis group(91.67%) was significantly higher than the group without metastasis(71.15%)(P0.05).Closely correlation was found between COX-2 and iNOS expression(P0.05).Conclusions Expressions of COX-2,iNOS in colorectal carcinomas were abnormally increased and were closely related with lymph node metastasis.It may play an important role in the progression and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.


Objective To evaluate left ventricular function(LVF) in patients with heart failure(HF) evaluated by using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) in combination with Tei index.Methods RT-3DE and pulsed doppler ultrasound were used to measure left ventricular end diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular mass(LVM),ejection time(ET) and Tei index in 104 patients with HF and 74 healthy volunteers(control group).Results LVEDV,LVESV,LVM,left ventricular mass index(LVMI) and Tei index were significantly higher but LVEF and ET were significantly lower in patients with HF in contrast with those in the control group(P 0.05).LVEF negatively correlated with LVM while Tei index positively correlated with LVM in patients with HF(P 0.05),and Tei index negatively correlated with LVEF(P 0.05).Conclusion RT-3DE combined with Tei index can accurately evaluate LVF in patients with HF better,judge the severity of HF effectively,and provide the evidences for HF typing.


Introduction: The aim of this study was the evaluation of the synergistic effect of subMIC doses of Phosphomycin with β-Chloro-L-alanine against urinary tract isolates of E.


The development of applied talents aims at fostering capability.To develop them become the persons who are allround development with fine quality,shall meet the demand of social development and can dedicate to the development of its country as well as local economy.Emphasizing on cultivating students' abilities to obtaining theoretical knowledge and technolo gy,to understanding and transferring and to practical application and innovation.Meanwhile,they must be equipped with com prehensive ability and high quality.Traditional teaching method can hardly satisfy the requirement of the development of applied talents.Therefore,this thesis has put forwarded the new teaching mode and method meeting the need of teaching rule and stu dents' characteristics combining practical teaching experience and has achieved a good teaching result.The new one mainly adopts independent opening-style teaching mode and method to fully agree students,to free students,to tap students' subjective initiative and enthusiasm and intensify practical teaching section in order to inspire creation and innovation of students.


In this study we sought to determine the relative effectiveness of pictograms for a group of 139 subjects ranging in age from 17 to 83. We gave a pictogram identification task for 16 pictograms from the Westinghouse Product Safety Label Handbook (1981) to subjects. Pictogram identification ranged from 100% to completely unrecognizable. Generally, pictorials which depicted simple, clearly identifiable hazards or protective equipment were more identifiable than symbols. Pictograms which showed the injury occurring to a hand rather than the entire human figure were also more recognizable. Finally, to explore more than simple pictograms identification, we presented subjects with three pictograms: We asked half of the subjects to list all of the ways they could be hurt, injured or killed as well as any precautions they would take while using a product displaying one of the pictograms. The other half of the subjects endorsed precautions that they would observe on a checklist of possible precautions. In general, subjects were able to name at least one of the hazards associated with each graphic, but they generally did not name all of the hazards for a given pictogram. Sex and age effects are commented on in the paper.


The analysis and subsequent improvement of the legislative framework and institutional capacity of each of the three riparian countries in the sphere of preserving biodiversity in the Dnipro Basin, as well as a further harmonization of the three countries' national environmental legislations seem to be high on the agenda. In the course of the Project, general and environmental legislation of the member-countries on biodiversity conservation was studied with a special focus on the legal instruments regulating the use and protection of individual natural systems and sub-systems (fauna, flora, water bodies), protection and preservation of endangered species and critical ecosystems, and natural reserve areas in the basin territory. Based on the research findings, recommendations were developed concerning the improvement and harmonization of the national legislations of the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine.


A method of operating a host controller interface (1400, 2400, 3510) comprises a receiving a buffer descriptor, including which sector information from a main memory (1200, 2200, 3400), a retrieval of data using a source address, which in the buffer contained descriptor, selecting one of a plurality of entries, which in a security policy table (322A, 322B) are included on by using the sector information and determining whether the retrieved data using a security strategy, which is included in the selected entry , are to be encrypted.


The author considers the key aspects of professional foreign language competences development of law stu-dents in course of legal text translation skills training with the application of the Language Portfolio technology to create the conditions for the students of the law facul-ty Peoples' Friendship University of Russia to be admit-ted to the European educational space.


We describe the numerical methods used to solve the time-dependent Dirac equation on a three-dimensional Cartesian lattice. Efficient algorithms are required for computationally intensive studies of vacuum-pair production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Discretization is achieved through the lattice-collocation method. All numerical procedures reduce to a series of matrix-vector operations which we perform on the Intel iPSC/860 hypercube, making full use of parallelism. We discuss our solutions to the problems of limited node memory and node-to-node communication overhead inherent in using distributed-memory, multiple-instruction, multiple-data stream parallel computers.


Batteries are one of the most important components in electric vehicles. Batteries are used as an energy source for the entire electrical system and as a place to store electrical energy during charging process. The battery functions to supply electric current in order to operate the electric machine. The lithium-ion battery is a type of secondary battery (rechargeable battery) that can be recharged and is an environmentally friendly battery. This battery has excellent energy storage stability and higher energy density compared to other types of secondary batteries, making this type of battery increasingly attractive for use in electric vehicles. This study aims to design the size of an electric bicycle battery according to its specifications. In addition, an analysis of the calculation of the capacity of the battery to be used and the time for the recharging process is also carried out.


Near-surface velocities could vary with azimuth, impacting seismic data processing and interpretation. In this study, we developed a methodology to investigate the variations of near-surface velocities with azimuth, using 3D turning-ray tomography. The input data are the first arrivals selected from pre-defined azimuth sectors in terms of shot-receiverpair directions. The output velocities from tomography correspond to the selected azimuth sectors. A near-surface tomography study based on seismic data from a shallow heavy-oil reservoir in Canada has suggested that the observed azimuthal traveltime variations are not necessarily related to azimuthal (HTI) anisotropy induced by the stress field or fractures. It could also be caused by the nearsurface heterogeneity or acquisition footprint. Near-surface complexity could masquerade as anisotropy. Potentially this can influence statics and prestack imaging.


The role of the immunizing dose on antibody production was studied in rabbits. The humoral immune response to soluble and insoluble human IgG was evaluated by the measurement of the amount of specific antibodies. The immobilizations of antigen was made by antigen-antibody precipitation and attachment of the protein to polyacrylamide and agarose matrices. It was found, that the antibody production did not decrease when the antigen dose was reduced from 100 microng to 300 microng; application of the antigen in immobilized form did not enhance the antibody response.


Ultrasonic motor is different from traditional electromagnetic motor and it is driven by friction force.Its character of low speed,high torque,quick response and high power/mass ratio and the quality of direct drive make it suitable for the application in the aerospace field.The paper first states briefly the trait of ultrasonic motor and its application in the aerospace field,then introduces the motor's structure,friction material,characteristic and the stepping positioning control strategy of a kind of low speed and high-torque ultrasonic motor.It is hybrid longitudinal-torsional type ultrasonic motor.The diameter of the developed sample motor is 80mm;the maximum output torque is 13Nm;the steady rotating speed is 12.5r/min and the repeating positioning accuracy can reach 0.020 degree.It also has wide working frequency range (about 7kHz).Its start up time is about 5ms and the turn-off time is about 2ms.


This paper presents three types of dynamic infinite elements for soil-structure interaction analysis in a multi-layered halfspace. They are the horizontal, the vertical and the corner infinite elements (HIE, VIE and CIE). The shape functions of the infinite elements are derived from approximate expressions of the analytical solutions. Numerical example analyses are presented for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed infinite elements.


This paper presents a combined numerical and experimental methodology for predicting moisture-induced effects in Package-on-Package (PoP) assemblies. The hygroscopic warpage of the assembly "PoP" is measured. Its behavior is compared with the individual components "top" and "bottom". The assembly "PoP" absorbs more moisture than the sum of the two individual components, while deforms less than either of the two individual components, which holds much more constrain inside the assembly. In addition, the hygroscopic warpage (20µm) adds to the thermal warpage (30µm) for the assembly "PoP", which might lead to more serious reliability problem. Furthermore, a new experimental methodology for prediction of the moisture-induced warpage is validated, and simulation models match the experimental results.


Objective: To investigate clinical efficacy of antibiotic therapy for pan-drug-resistant pulmonary infection with assistance of traditional Chinese medicines.Methods: In 23 hospitalized patients,a variety of antibiotic therapy 7 d previously used was invalid.Pulmonary infection with the same pan-drug-resistant bacteria was qualified by more than 3 consecutive sputum cultures.They were auxiliarily treated with Tonifying Middle-Jiao and Qi and medicines eliminating R-plasmid in addition to antimicrobial treatment.For baumanii infection,cefoperazone and sulbactam combined with minocycline were used,and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection,meropenem was used.Results: Seven patients were healed,9 patients were effective,1 patient was improved,and 6 patients were ineffective.The total effective rate was 73.91%.Clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators were significantly improved after treatment.Conclusion: The prescription drugs of traditional Chinese medicine,such as Clearing Heat Eliminating Phlegm,Tonifying Middle-Jiao and Qi efficiency and medicines eliminating R-plasmid,can be combined with appropriate antimicrobials in the treatment of pan-drug-resistant pulmonary infection.


Using a graded heterobarrier placed along an electron channel, phonons emitted in Joule heating are recycled in situ by increasing the entropy of phonon-absorbing electrons. The asymmetric electric potential distribution created by alloy grading separates the phonon absorption and emission regions, and emission in the larger effective-mass region causes momentum relaxation with smaller electron kinetic energy loss. These lead to smaller overall phonon emission and simultaneous potential-gain and self-cooling effects. Larger potential is gained with lower current and higher optical-phonon temperature. The self-consistent Monte Carlo simulations complying with the lateral momentum conservation combined with the entropy analysis are applied to a GaAs:Al electron channel with a graded heterobarrier, and under ideal lateral thermal isolation from surroundings, the phonon recycling efficiency reaches 25% of the reversible limit at 350 K, and it increases with temperature. The lateral momentum contributes to the transmission across the barrier, so partially nonconserving lateral momentum electron scattering (rough interface) can improve efficiency.


Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90) and Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ) were applied to a total of 345 female postgraduate students majoring in medicine in Guangzhou Medical University to investigate the characteristics of their mental health conditions and coping styles and the correlation between them.Statistical data show that compared with the domestic standard model of China,there were significant differences in somatization,obsession,interpersonal sensitiveness,hostility and paranoia among the postgraduates(P0.05).According to the results from SCL-90,91 subjects had a single factor score higher than 2,accounting for 26.38% of the total.Factors having a higher score than 2,according to the SCL-90 results,were obsession,(17.68%),depression(14.78%),interpersonal sensitiveness(13.04%) respectively.The results show that the female medical postgraduates scored high in problem-solving and help-seeking,but made lower scores in self-blame,withdrawal and rationalization,that the general mental health level of the female postgraduates of medicine was higher than that of the average people in China and that there were a variety of mental problems among the female medical students with a significant correlation found between their mental health and their coping styles as well.


The purpose of this quasi experimental study is to investigate the effectiveness of multimedia tajweed learning courseware on students' comprehension and their recitation of Quranic verses. A multimedia courseware with three modes of presentation (multimedia with video mode, multimedia with video and subtitle mode, and multimedia with voice recognition mode) was designed as the treatment. A total of 158 students from six schools in Malaysia were involved in this study. A pre-test was administered to determine their level of comprehension of tajweed and their recitations of several Quranic verses involving the tajweed to be learned. After 140 minutes of treatment, a post-test was administrated to measure the effects of the treatment. The post-test results showed an improvement in both the dependent variables – the students' comprehension of the tajweed as well as their recitations of the Quranic verses involving the learned tajweed. The three modes of multimedia presentation ultimately showed positive impact on the comprehension of tajweed and recitation of the Quran whereby voice recognition system was identified as the most effective mode which allowed the students to record, playback and save the audio files.


At present the urgent problem is the development of the methods of plant diagnostics, enabling to identify the initial forms of a potatoes for the selection and to diagnose illnesses at earliest vegetation stages. For the decision of this problem it is possible to use the methods and the equipment of the spectral analysis in visible and near IR-region. We have developed the methods of the measurement and processing of potato spectral characteristics in the field conditions. We have carried out the large series of measurements on the experimental fields of Potato Research Institute of Belarus.


Composition of oral microbial flora is suggested to play a role in the maintenance of oral health. Among them, Streptococcus mutans plays an essential role in the formation of dental plaque and it is being noticed as incipient infective bacteria of dental caries. The purpose of this study was to prepare the basic data about distribution of Streptococcus mutans detected from saliva by measuring colony density. It is well known that smoking as well as drinking is a factor of dental caries, however there are few investigations about distribution of Streptococcus mutans either smoking or drinking. The materials of this study were collected from students of dentistry college with general characteristics obtained by self-administered questionnaires. Students were asked to gently chew the paraffin to get saliva for 1 minute. Bacitracin disc in the culture medium was activated for 15 minutes, and then sample was incubated in the activated medium at incubator for 48 hours. Streptococcus mutans colonization per 1 ml saliva was measured by the number of criteria. The severe levels of dental caries activity were significantly increased in the case of smoking (from 5.6% to 10%) or drinking (form 0% to 7%), respectively. Also, dental caries activity increased according to smoking and drinking periods longer. However, using the SPSS analytical process (Mann-Whitney's U), no significant differences were observed between the smoking and the non-smoking or the drinking and non-drinking, respectively. These results obtained from dental caries activity of saliva suggest that distribution of Streptococcus mutans following smoking or drinking can be used as a significant information for oral health.


In an effort to clearly defi ne the constructive concepts of self-care among nursing students, in the present study a survey was conducted a survey of 655 individuals, comprised of 260 college nursing students and 395 vocational school nursing students. We found four factors of constructive concepts of self-care among nursing students, which included maintaining diet, coping with stress, maintaining habits and regulating lifestyle patterns, and maintaining interpersonal relationships.


We propose a Bayesian framework for classifying types of 3D anatomical/pathological structure (i.e., blob, surface, tube, branch) in 3D medical scans. Two probabilistic algorithms with a data-driven statistical modeling scheme are designed to provide accurate classification as well as its decision confidence. The proposed methods are quantitatively evaluated with a dataset of various structures extracted from clinical CT scans. Our experiment with 61 cases resulted in the classification rate of 93.3%, demonstrating the advantage of the proposed methods.


Caudal C1 catecholaminergic neurons in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) between ~13.5 – 14 mm caudal to bregma were infected with a lentiviral‐vector containing channelrhodopsin‐2 and mCherry, under the control of the Phox2‐responsive promoter PRSx8. Immunohistochemical localization of mCherry in the efferent fibers and terminals of these C1 neurons demonstrates projections to the rostral raphe pallidus (rRPa), the nucleus tractus solitarius, the rostral VLM, the hypothalamus (including the PVH and DMH) and the preoptic area. In urethane/chloralose anesthetized rats (n=5) photostimulation (473nm, 10ms, 8–15mW) of these C1 neurons decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate in a laser pulse frequency‐dependent manner, with 40Hz stimulation producing a maximal depressor responses of −21 ± 6 mmHg and a bradycardia of −111 ± 7 bpm. The decrease in MAP was attenuated by nanoinjection of idazoxan (IDZ, 6nmol in 100 nl), in the rRPa (post‐IDZ, 40Hz: −6 ± 4 mmHg), whereas the bradycardia was not affected by idazoxan in the rRPa (post‐IDZ, 40Hz: −108 ± 25 bpm). The depressor response to activation of caudal C1 neurons may have arisen from activation of alpha2 receptors in rRPa leading to inhibition of cutaneous vasoconstriction and a reduction in total peripheral resistance. However, the role of other projection targets of caudal C1 neurons in the evoked depressor response and bradycardia are being explored. Supported by: NIH grants NS040987 (Shaun F. Morrison), DK082558 (CJM) and an American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (CJM).


The surge emerging and removing processes in a low speed centrifugal compression system are observed by measurement with 12 high response pressure transducers from inlet pipe, periphery of impeller, outlet pipe, to plenum. The pressure traces exhibit that the emergence of surge firstly occurs in plenum, and develops to inlet components in a certain time delay The results also show a large decrease in amplitude of pressure fluctuation fromplenum to inlet pipe. The selfrexcitation properties of surge emerging and removing surge are also investigated.


The calculation of the contribution rates of the upstream and downstream administrative regions to water pollution of trans-boundary rivers is an important research subject. In this paper, a method based on the water quality mathematical model was proposed, which includes three steps: (1) Establishment of a model for a trans-boundary river; (2) Analysis of the pollution impact on the water quality at the control sections of the trans-boundary river; and (3) Calculation of the contribution rates to water pollution of the trans-boundary river. Taking Zhaosutai River, a trans-boundary river flowing through Jilin and Liaoning Provinces, as the study case, the contribution rates of these two provinces to water pollution of the river were determined by this method. The results showed that for the COD concentrations in the Control Sections of Laoqujiadian, Qijiazi and Dasijiazi of the main stream in January 2017, the contribution rates of the upstream pollution loads we 96.2%, 81.0% and 70.5%, respectively. The method of calculating the contribution rates to water pollution of trans-boundary rivers based on the mathematical water quality model proposed in this paper quantitatively can be used to identify the responsibilities of upstream and downstream administrative regions for water pollution of trans-boundary rivers.


The Pre-AP English Language Arts II course is designed to prepare students for the upper level AP courses and AP exams; therefore, you will be required to read complex texts with understanding as well as to enrich your prose in order to communicate your ideas effectively to mature audiences. You will learn how to analyze and interpret exemplary writing by discerning and explaining the author's use of literary strategies and techniques, eventually applying many of these techniques to your own writing. In order to prepare for our class next school year, you are required to read, and answer critical questions about the texts over the summer. We will have discussions, projects, writing assignments or a combination of all any of these techniques assessing you're your knowledge of the reading selections and providing a foundation for your future in the Pre-AP program.


THE TWO-FOLD PROBLEM OF DETECTING FROST, ICE AND SNOW CONDITIONS ON THE DECK AREAS OF HIGHWAY BRIDGES AND OVERPASSES, AND PROVIDING SUITABLE WARNINGS TO MOTORISTS HAS BECOME AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT AND CRITICAL HIGHWAY SAFETY PROBLEM ON HIGH-SPEED INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS. THE AUTHOR DECRIBES A SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY HOLLEY CARBURETOR CO. THAT DETECTS THESE CONDITIONS THROUGH THE USE OF A COMBINATION AMBIENT AIR AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY SENSOR ON THE BRIDGE RAILING ALONG WITH TWO OTHER SENSORS BURIED IN THE BRIDGE DECK. THE RESULTS OF A THREE AND ONE-HALF YEAR EVALUATION PROGRAM OF THE SYSTEM THAT ACTUATES A FLASHING SIGN ON THE FLINT RIVER BRIDGE ON INTERSTATE 75 NEAR FLINT, MICHIGAN, ARE DESCRIBED. THE PAPER ALSO INTRODUCES A NEW DETECTION SYSTEM, DUAL-CHANNEL, FOR FROST, ICE AND SNOW. THIS SYSTEM SPLITS THE ANTICIPATORY FROST AND THE SNOW AND ICE SIGNALS INTO TWO SEPARATE SIGNALS. THE ANTICIPATORY SIGNAL CAN BE RELAYED AS AN EARLY WARNING TO ALERT MAINTENANCE STAFFS TO SEND AN OBSERVER TO EXAMINE THE CONDITIONS FIRST-HAND AND PASS A JUDGMENT ON THE NEED FOR CHEMICAL APPLICATION OR SIGN ACTUATION. THE EARLY WARNING SIGNAL CAN ALSO BE USED TO SWITCH-ON ELECTRIC HEATERS EMBEDDED IN THE DECK. THE SEPARATE ICE AND SNOW SIGNAL CAN BE USED TO ACTUATE A WARNING FLASHER. ALSO MENTIONED ARE TWO NEW APPLICATIONS OF THE DUAL-CHANNEL SYSTEM ON HIGHWAYS AND THE FIRST APPLICATION OF A SIMILAR SYSTEM ON AN AIRPORT RUNWAY. /AUTHOR/


A series of experiments were performed on a vertical EV burner with a constant coflow air of 873 L/min to generate turbulent lean premixed flow in order to study the impact of the addition of acetylene/argon mixture to the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) on the temperature field and flame structure. The fluidics mechanism was inserted at a fixed position inside the entry section of the EV burner assembly. The flow rates of fuel (LPG/C2H2/Ar) and air were measured using calibrated rotameters. The different volume ratios of the fuel constituents were admitted via three solenoid valves and monitored using a labview program. The axial temperature profiles at different operating conditions were measured using (type S) thermocouple. Flame images were obtained—before and after fluidics insertion—using a high-resolution digital camera. The experimental program aims at identifying and analyzing the changes in flame characteristics resulting from the insertion of fluidics while considering different proportions of the fuel constituents) (including pure LPG, as a reference case). The results obtained indicate the following: it was noticed that in most cases of pure LPG only and other mixtures, the images show increase in the length of the flame and decrease of its luminosity as a result of higher degrees of swirl due to the fluidics insertion while the temperature profiles of the different flames were changed. It was indicated that NOx trend was decreased by 52% while the combustion efficiency was improved by 2.5%.


Weighted Apriori algorithm practices the itemsets that are frequently generated in particular databases for statistical analysis. Traditional association rule mining only deals with the items that are actually present in the transaction and disregards the items that customers hesitated to purchase such items can considered as almost sold items that contains valuable information which can be used in enhancing the decision making capabilities. This paper focuses on the weighted apriory with genetic algorithm because with the help of weighted apriory there are some hesitation patterns are define on these rules the genetic algorithm is applied which gives the optimal results(Newly generated valid rules). This exertion portrays that if the cause of yielding the things is known and settled, we can without much of a extend expel this hesitation status of a client and thinking about recently developed rules as the intriguing ones for increase offers of the entity or item.


Professionally speaking, I've chosen to place a foot in each of two differentand sometimes antagonisticworlds. Not surprisingly, I've tripped and fallen several times, but from my lowly vantage point I've gotten a good look at the stumbling blocks and chasms that, at present, keep these two worlds apart. But, in spite of their difference, I've come to believe that each of my two worlds can offer quite specific things to the other, and these specific things are part of the subject of this essay. My two worlds are, on the one foot, the Humanities, and on the other foot, Professional Education. My field within the humanitiesmy "original" worldis English (chiefly Chaucer, stylistics, and the English language), but for my purposes here the field could probably be any of the humanities: art, or history, or one of the foreign languages. My involvement in the second world, professional education, began when the head of my English department (at one of the California State Universities) asked me to supervise student teachers in high school and later to teach a course in English "methods." (As luckgood or badwould have it, I was one of the few people in the department who had actually taught English in high school.) The next stepthe one which got my second foot firmly planted in Educationwas natural enough: I was appointed to a "mixed" university committee whose aim was to develop a competency-based program for preparing teachers in all the major disciplines. Probably everyone who has tried to work in English Education-or Art Education, History Education, or some similar fieldhas experienced a sense of conflict. I've come to believe that this conflict has several sources. Most obviously, there is conflict arising from different subject matters, but equally important, it seems to me, there are sources of conflict in differing goals, attitudes, working styles, language, and so on. One of my aims in this paper is to shed some light on these sources of conflict in order to examine the prejudiceswhere real, outdated, or merely imaginedthat inhibit


Problem statement: 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-producing bacteria have been known to ameliorate the inhibiti on-effect of increase concentration of ethylene in higher plants, which can be triggered by high conce ntration of indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) and/or by the presence of plant pathogens. This study examine d the potential use of Pseudomonas isolates producing ACC deaminase as well as IAA to enhance soybean growth and reduce disease incidence in soil containing pathogenic fungi. Approach: Eleven promising ACC deaminase-producing isolates of Pseudomonas were retested in vitro for their ACC deaminase activity and IAA production and evaluated their potential antagonist against root-nodule bacteria. Non antagonist isolates were further tested for their ability to e nhance soybean growth and reduce disease incidence in sterile and non-sterile soils containing root-pa thogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum , Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani . Results: All isolates produced ACC deaminase as well as IAA, but 3 out of 11 isolates inhibited at least one strain of rhizobia which limit their use for soybean. The isolates increased some aspects of soybean growth, but most of the increases were not significantly different from untreated control. Most isolates sig nificantly increased the survival rates of soybean in soil containing pathogenic fungi although their ability to reduce plant weight loss varied across pathogen treatments. Conclusion: The ability of Pseudomonas producing ACC deaminase as well as IAA to increase plant growth was less significan t than that of the isolates to reduce disease incidence. The higher the destructive effect of the pathogens, the better was the ability of the isolates to reduce the disease.


the final part draws together conclusions and discusses the issues that emerge from the research and the way in which policies emerged over time. For many readers, the most fascinating section of the work is Chapter 10 which provides an account of the tensions and debates that ensued in each of the then 25 member states during the reform discussions: some were for solidarity between richer and poorer members, some for cutting expenditure at all costs, some for making haste more slowly. The internal politics of each nation were tested to the limits, and the revision of cohesion policy was, inevitably, at the heart of the contested notion of 'ever-closer union'. For students of EU politics, post-graduate researchers, civil servants and policy-making officials in local government and other supplicants at the doors of the Brussels glass palaces, this volume will make valuable reading. It presents long-term research in an accessible format and, where necessary, utilises theoretical concepts to assist in grasping the complexities of one of the EU's flagship policies. However, all three authors do not flinch from exposing some of the dysfunctions, even incompetence arising from the fact that the budget deal-making process is counterproductive to policy formation. For example, the scope for allocating structural and cohesion funds in line with development needs has been constrained by the increasing complexity and opacity of the eligibility and finance allocation mechanisms. Many programmes have been delayed, administrative complexity has convinced more than a few potential beneficiary organisations to withdraw. The authors conclude, 'Clearly there are no easy answers'; (271) but it is evident that 'the centrality of the budget to the state of European integration limits the scope for reform' (271). The reader is left with the clear feeling that the need for what they term 'the quality of spending' (272) requires the Commission to generate meaningful results data and provide reporting to both member states and individual spending programmes.


In this paper, we reveal that many conventional features used in computational image quality assessment (IQA) methods can hardly characterize perceived distortions on various image characteristics and distortion types, thus resulting in relatively low prediction performance of visual quality scores. To solve this problem, we propose a new IQA method, called Structural Contrast-Quality Index (SC-QI) which is based on structural contrast index (SCI) as a very effective feature. SCI can adaptively quantify perceived distortions depending on various image characteristics and distortions types. In addition to SCI, some other perceptually important features that reflect effects of contrast sensitivity function and chrominance component variation are also combined into the proposed SC-QI. Our comprehensive experiments on three large IQA datasets verify that the proposed SC-QI outperforms the state-of-the-art ones while accompanying lower computational complexity.


By making use of a magnetic levitation project, postgraduate students experience the application of control concepts in a practical manner and at the same time see the application of theory. This paper presents an approach to the classic magnetic levitation problem that incorporates the electromagnet into a transconductance amplifier. The system transfer function is simplified and using output position feedback demonstrates how successful suspension was achieved.


In search of a suitable cathode host for aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs), polyanionic materials have been explored due to their open-framework structure that is believed to improve Zn-ion diffusion...


In the 1990s a number of randomized controlled trials provided compelling evidence for the importance of aggressively managing hypercholesterolemia. Control of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduces cardiac events and stroke in at risk individuals without known cardiac disease and in patients with coronary heart disease. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel has published 3 sets of guidelines. The most recent expanded definitions of those at risk by defining new risk categories and increased the numbers of persons who could benefit from more intensive cholesterol-lowering. These new definitions moved millions of people into more intensive treatment categories compared to previously published guidelines. This article focuses on the latest National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines for identification and treatment of persons with or at risk for coronary heart disease.


The object exploration task allows the measure of changes in locomotor and exploratory activities, habituation, and reaction to a spatial change and to novelty. The effects of intrahippocampal (dorsal CA1 field) microinjections of serotonin 1 receptor (5‐HT1) agonists on these behavioral components were evaluated in the rat. 8‐Hydroxy‐2‐(din‐propylamino)‐tetralin (8‐OH‐DPAT,5 μg/μl) was used as a 5‐HT1A agonist, 3‐(1,2,5,6‐tetrahydropyrid‐4‐yl) pyrrolo[3,2‐b] pyrid‐5‐one (CP 93,129, 16 μg/μl) as a 5‐HT1B agonist, and scopolamine (10 μg/μl) as a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist. Scopolamine induced a long‐lasting increase in locomotor activity and a lack of reaction to spatial change; both these results are in agreement with the known crucial influence of the septo‐hippocampal cholinergic system in hippocampal functioning. Stimulation of 5‐HT1A and 5‐HT1B receptors induced a decrease in object exploration and habituation without affecting the retrieval of spatial information. But stimulation of hippocampal 5‐HT1B receptors induced a selective change in the animal's emotional state, i.e., an initial decrease in locomotor activity and a neophobic reaction in response to a new object; such effects did not occur following stimulation of 5HT1A receptors. These results have to be considered in the light of the anxiogenic propety of 5‐HT1B agonists. On the whole, they support the hypothesis of the involvement of the serotonergic system, via 5HT1A and 5‐HT1B receptors, in the modulation of hippocampal functions. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Introduction What Is a Data Monitoring Committee (DMC)? Some Definitions DMC in Federal Government-Sponsored Clinical Trials versus Pharmaceutical Industry Clinical Trials Stewardship Some Recent History DMC's Place in the Drug Development Cycle6 Pharmaceutical Industry Demographics Conclusion DMCounselor Organization of a Safety Monitoring Program for a Confirmatory Trial Members of the Safety Monitoring Team How Is a DMC Created? Membership Term Conflicts of Interest Compensation Liability and Indemnification Sponsor DMC Relationship Interdisciplinary Training . Conclusion DMCounselor Meetings DMC Charter Types of Meetings Orientation Meeting Data ReviewMeetings Ad Hoc Meetings Conclusion DMCounselor Clinical Issues Goals of Safety Analysis . Definitions Safety Data Deaths . Impact of Multinational Trials Conclusion DMCounselor Statistical Issues Goals of Statistical Analysis Useful Data Displays Analysis Methods-Frequentist Power Multiplicity Analysis Methods-Likelihood Analysis Methods-Bayesian. Conclusion DMCounselor Bias and Pitfalls What Is Bias? Sources of Bias. Knowledge of Treatment Assignment Reporting Bias Competing Risks Conclusion DMCounselor Data Monitoring Committee Decisions.1 Types of DMC Decisions 1 Decision-Making Environment .2 Risk versus Benefit Analyses2 When a Safety Issue Arises.3 Information beyond the Present Trial.8 Meta-Analysis0 Final Meeting2 Special Problems with Infant Pharma Companies2 Conclusion3 DMCounselor .3 Emerging Issues9 Introduction.9 Issues in Technology.0 Issues Due to Maturing of DMC Processes and Evolution of the Pharmaceutical Industry Resignation from a DMC.0 Conclusion0 DMCounselor .1 Appendix5 Glossary1 List of Abbreviations3 References 5 Index7


Abstract Aquatic invertebrate communities are important to shallow lake ecosystem form and function, providing vital components to the food web and thereby important to achieving lake management goals. We characterized lake invertebrate communities and physicochemical variables in six Nebraska Sandhill lakes and examined these characteristics within an alternative stable state framework. Surveys were conducted during 2005 within each of these lakes by sampling aquatic macroinvertebrate abundance, zooplankton abundance and biomass, phytoplankton biomass, and physicochemical variables. When placed within an alternative stable state framework, the response variables exhibited a gradient of different ecosystem states. Two lakes appeared congruent with the clear water state (dense submergent vegetation, high invertebrate abundance and diversity, and low phytoplankton), two lakes were congruent with the turbid water state (high phytoplankton, low vegetation coverage, and low invertebrate abundance and diversity...


Although the positive relationship between occupational commitment and organizational commitment has been well documented for occupation-specific and organization-specific studies, there is much less research that documents between-occupation differences in this relationship. Drawing from the occupational subculture literature, the authors offer and test hypotheses about between-occupation differences in levels of occupational and organizational commitment and in the correlation between these two forms of work commitment. Data from the 2005 Korean General Social Survey are used in the analysis. They find that (a) these two forms of commitment, although distinct constructs, are positively related for those in all occupations, with no significant between-occupation differences in the correlations; however (b) occupational commitment is greater for professionals than for managers as well as the nonprofessional cluster of clerical, service and sales, and manual occupations; and (c) managers exhibit greater organizational commitment relative to semiprofessionals and those in the nonprofessional cluster of clerical, service and sales, and manual occupations. In addition, it is only for professionals that occupational commitment is greater than organizational commitment. The authors do not believe that these results are unique to Korean society but argue that research such as theirs on between-occupation differences in work commitment needs to be undertaken in other cultural contexts. Perhaps more important, the impact on work commitment of the conflict between occupational subcultures and organizational cultures needs to be a focus in future research.


Objective To observe the clinical results of mini haptic plate foldable IOL.Methods 18 patients were observed for 18 months after the implantation of mini hapic plate foldable IOL.Their postoperative vision,astigmatism,decentration of IOL,posterior capsular opacity and main fundus complication were examined.Results One week after operation the amount of eyes whose best corrected vision were ≥0.5 is 15(83.3%),≥1.0 is 14(77.77%).Six months after operation the amount of eyes whose best corrected vision were ≥0.5 is 15(83.33%),≥1.0 is 15(83.33%).No IOL decentration(0.25 mm) were observed in 17 eyes.No posterior capsular opacity were observed in 16 eyes,posterior capsule pigmentation were observed only in 2 eyes.And no fundus complictions such as retinal detachment,macular vesicular edema were reported.Conclusion The mini haptic foldable IOL has many clinical superiorites due to such features as good restoration and low fluctuation of postoperative vision,good central stability,no incidence of posterior capsular opacity and main fundus complication,suitability for small incision implatation without sowing.


It establish is apparently the precise extremely lines difficult, of influence perhaps which even characterize impossible, the to establish the precise lines of influ nce which chara terize the transition from Renaissance to "modern" science. Excellent studies by Edward W. Strong,1 John Herman Randall, Jr.,2 and William R. Shea 3 demonstrate serious disagreement among competent scholars, both with respect to the kinds of intellectual influence operative during the 16th and early 17th Centuries, and with respect to the actual effects of such influences on figures such as Galileo and Descartes. It would be unwise, therefore, even to attempt to sketch this complex web of relationships within the present narrow scope. But it is possible to recognize the general areas of agreement among commentators concerning the movements which were afoot during this period, and to view them in relation to the revised perspective which is to be found in Descartes' new conception of a universal science. Without jumping to conclusions with respect to direct lines of influence, therefore, it may nonetheless be possible to see with greater clarity the directions in which further research might lead. More particularly, it may be useful to attempt to isolate definitive criteria for determining the precise point at which it is appropriate to recognize the actual transition from Renaissance to modern science. Because we have chosen to ignore direct lines of influence, it will be irrelevant to confront the issue as to whether Galileo was motivated by a metaphysical perspective which prompted him to assume the universal applicability of mathematics to nature, or whether he was led gradually into this conviction by the fact that the individual problems with which he dealt were in fact amenable to interpretation and resolution by mathematical procedures. Instead, it is simply necessary to recognize that both of these influences are clearly present


One of the ways to address the critical gap of trained human resources in health is to train frontline workers (FLW) on health prevention and health promotion. The FLW play an important role in community mobilization, outreach activities, and service delivery at the last mile. In rural India, the number of internet and smartphone users is rapidly increasing, presenting an opportunity to reach and virtually train FLW. The current evidence base shows progress towards creating and using mobile-based training, but significant work is needed to improve the quality of mobile-based training programs. This study showcases Project *Samvad*'s experience in creating and rolling out a virtual training course for FLW, highlighting the feasibility of virtual training at scale and the quality of engagement of the participants with the course content. The method for this descriptive study is divided into two broad categories: (i) course development, promotion, and rollout processes, and (ii) course evaluation. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to collect and analyze data. We found that the overall average course completion rate was 82% (992 out of 1211 registrants). The average increase in the endline question accuracy was around 15 percentage points from the baseline. We conclude that mobile-based virtual training of FLW is feasible and program managers and policymakers should consider creating hyperlocal course content, ensure participation of partners at various stages of development and rollout of the course and use a peer-to-peer and community-led system to support the learners.


Methacholine Challenge Test (MCT) is used to confirm, assess the severity and/or rule out asthma. Two MCT methods are described as equivalent by the American Thoracic Society (ATS), the tidal breathing and the dosimeter methods. However, the majority of adult studies suggest that individuals with asthma do not react at the same PC20 between the two methods. Additionally, the nebulizers used are no longer available and studies suggest current nebulizers are not equivalent to these. Our study investigates the difference in positive MCT tests between three methods in a pediatric population.


Developed countries that accept refugees are obligated, under the UN Convention for Refugees, to integrate refugees into host communities, with inclusion in the health system being pivotal. Integration programs can be difficult though, because many refugees' home countries have different health systems, lower health literacy, and different expectations of health services. Country health system differences require cultural adaptation of host country services when designing targeted, inclusive health care programs. Using a sample of 317 Australian-based African refugees, the authors examine how refugees' acculturation, perceptions of discrimination, past behavior, objective knowledge, and medical mistrust affect their health inclusion, depending on their blood donation intentions. The results indicate that perceived discrimination and objective blood donation knowledge directly affect donation intentions. Perceived discrimination mediates the relationships between acculturation and intentions and between medical mistrust and donation intentions, and objective knowledge mediates the relationship between past behavior and donation intentions. The authors offer recommendations to policy makers designing social inclusion programs and health service providers designing and delivering targeted initiatives, to better facilitate refugee participation in host country health systems.


Complex reaction paths, such as hydrodeoxygenation of multi-oxygenated reactants like furfuryl alcohol, can benefit from a close connection between multi-component (oxide–metal) catalytic sites.


As a branch of theology Church history should consider and describe how Christianity relates to its historical sources as well as to its contemporary expression under changing intellectual, cultural, and social conditions. Especially in the modern era this has to be done by attending to perceptions of the Christian religion that are not directly related to the church and its tradition. Three Victorian novels (Anthony Trollope, The Warden; George Eliot, Scenes of Clerical Life; Samuel Butler, The Way of All Flesh) illustrate how religious changes of 19th-century England are reflected and interpreted by literature. In these fictional texts the irreversible 'departure' of undisputed religious custom is contrasted with various attempts to modernize Christianity that are characterized, as well as limited, by deliberate efforts at construction. Christian traditions are selectively claimed on behalf of a truly 'modern' Christianity that is distinguished by liberty of conscience, true humanity, and consistent individualization of belief and conduct. CW 1, 1886/87, 497: »Denn alles, was christlich ist und christlich heißt, in seinem ganzen Umfange, geographisch und geschichtlich genommen, mit seinen Grenzgebieten, mithin die ganze christliche Welt bildet den Bereich unsers Interesses.«


We report on a Q-switched VCSEL side-pumped 946 nm Nd:YAG laser that produces high average power blue light with high pulse energy after frequency doubling in BBO. The gain medium was water cooled and symmetrically pumped by three 1 kW 808 nm VCSEL pump modules. More than 1 W blue output was achieved at 210 Hz with 4.9 mJ pulse energy and at 340 Hz with 3.2 mJ pulse energy, with 42% and 36% second harmonic conversion efficiency respectively. Higher pulse energy was obtained at lower repetition frequencies, up to 9.3 mJ at 70 Hz with 52% conversion efficiency.


The kinetics of the disappearance of propagating butadiene radicals produced in the grafting of butadiene to poly(vinyl chloride) was followed by electron spin resonance measurements. The radical species observed in the temperature range 213-298/sup 0/K is the conjugated allylic radical: --CH/sub 2/--CH==CH--CH/sub 2/ reversible --CH/sub 2/--CH--CH==CH/sub 2/. The reaction conditions were adjusted to provide a highly viscous medium in which the propagation reaction took place. Under these conditions the radicals were stabilized and a precise ESR spectrum was obtained. Arrhenius plots of the second-order decay rate constants yield an activation energy of 5 kcal/mole. This suggests that the bimolecular termination reaction is controlled by the segmental motion of the grafted side chains.


In this study, rectorite (REC), being a type of layered silicates, has been applied to the polymer to improve its properties. The glass fiber-reinforced polymer-layered silicate clay composites are a new option to modify the properties of the polymer. In the present study, unsaturated polyester resins (UP) are modified by organic rectorite (OREC) to improve the mechanical properties of UP and fiber-reinforced UP (UP/F) composites. The influences of OREC on the gel time, viscosity, and reaction mechanism of UP are discussed. The chemical structures and microstructures of OREC and OREC-modified UP (OREC/UP) are analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The fracture morphologies of OREC/UP and glass fiber-reinforced OREC/UP (OREC/UP/F) composites are observed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties, the resistance to medium, and the ultraviolet aging of OREC/UP and OREC/UP/F composites are investigated. Additionally, the heat distortion temperature of OREC/UP and the hot-air aging of OREC/UP/F composites are also measured. The results indicate that the addition of OREC can increase the gel time and viscosity. The mechanical properties as well as other properties of pure UP and UP/F composites can be improved by adding OREC, and the comprehensive properties of OREC/UP/F composites containing 2wt% OREC are optimal among the prepared ternary composites.


The rotational model for ZnO plasticity under the action of concentraion stresses is given on the ground of the real structure analysis (the presence of two scales of the crystal lattice disorientation, a change of the ZnO crystal lattice parameter and the presence of disorientation boundaries of different types). Concentration stresses estimated at the Tgr. MPa exceed the yield point of crystals at Tgr. and may be the cause of rotational plasticity development.


Why another system of grammar? What is wrong with the traditional system? What are the learnings suggested in the new systems of grammar and in the study of the nature of Ianguage? In order to explore alternative answers to these questions, considerfirst, the nature of general knowledge and an illustration of a specific discipline, mathematics. Knowledge is one, is infinite. Yet to understand the infinity of knowledge, the finite mind must classify knowledge into categories, must identify the unique characteristics of its categories, and then examine the interrelationships of its categories. For example, a major category of knowledge is the discipline of mathematics, which is analyzed by dividing mathematics into its essential realities, such as geometry, trigonometry, algebra. The mathematician then linds it necessary to systematize spatial relationships by organizing different systems of geometry, as Euclidean geometry, and the various systems of nonEuclidean geometry. More than one system of geometry is necessary, not because one system is in error, but because no one system is complete. By organizing geometrical concepts into different systems, the complexity of the mathematical relationships become clearer, and the knowledge of the geometric discipline is more accurate and complete. Yet these spatial relationships will undoubtedly be further analyzed and synthesized. Language is another category of knowledge. To explore the meaning of language it is necessary to establish sub-categories, such as grammar, morphology, and the nature of sound development. In order to understand the essential realities of grammar, it Is necessary to examine the classes or words, their inflections, their syntactical relations, and their functions. The complexity of these concepts can best be understood by exploring the limitations of a grammatical system and the need of creating more than one system to make clearer grammatical relationships. It is also necessary to develop an understanding of the nature of sound and of the morphology of the English language.


The Palmiet wetlands located along the Kromrivier in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa have experienced severe degradation through gully erosion during the past decennia which has been thre ...


Access to multimedia services is currently being considered by both wireless and wireline operators. Although satellites cannot compete directly with other alternatives, they can provide benefits in certain niche markets due to their wide coverage area and distance insensitivity. It is the goal of these satellite operators to simultaneously maximize channel utility (and revenue) and to meet the stringent quality of service requirements of the new multimedia services. To achieve both of these objectives, an efficient multiple access (MAC) protocol is required. Satellite MAC protocols have traditionally been based either on fixed assignment (for voice and video) and/or random assignment (for data). The unique feature of the newer multimedia services is that they generate a mix of these three traffic types, and moreover the traffic is much burstier than originally expected. As a result, the traditional protocols fail to provide the required performance. This work addressed this issue by proposing two new schemes--one based on combined free/demand assignment multiple access (CFDAMA) with a multi-frequency time-division multiple access (MF-TDMA) frame, and the other based on flow controlled random access with a multi-code time-division multiple access (MC-TDMA) frame. Performance results (for jitter-tolerant packet delay and real-time loss probability) show that both techniques perform well in a bent-pipe environment. For an on-board processing system, both protocols can be adapted to deal with possible congestion at the output of the on-board baseband switch. Performance of the modified CFDAMA scheme is superior to that of a rate-based technique proposed in the literature. For the proposed MC-TDMA system, soft blocking and congestion are both handled by controlling packet transmissions through a simple flow control parameter. Performance evaluation of satellite multimedia networks is also a very important topic. Event-driven simulations (with OPNET) prove invaluable to evaluate protocol performance, but these have limitations with regards to flexibility and accuracy (especially in evaluating real-time loss probability). As a result, certain key measures were obtained through analysis. In particular, the Matrix Geometric approach was applied to the CFDAMA scheme to determine real-time loss probability and jitter-tolerant packet delay.


self-defeating trap for his country. In making this case, Mahmutcehajic is careful to note this is not an instance that confirms the thesis (beloved of diplomats in the international community) that all sides were equally to blame. The forces of annihilation were stacked against Bosnia, but those who contributed to it, however willingly or unwillingly, were part of a wider matrix. In these terms, Mahmutcehajic insists that "the Bosniak member of this unholy trinity" (xiv) cannot forgo criticism. In sum, Mahmutcehajic's essay is an incisive and invaluable addition to the literature on a war that still disturbs and puzzles many. It is highly relevant to scholars of the region as well as analysts of the international system, especially given the importance of competing conceptions of community in the current volatile climate.


Discloses a test structure for a semiconductor, manufacturing method and a testing method using the test structure. In one embodiment, the structure for testing a semiconductor device comprising a printed circuit board (PCB), probe region, and a flexible mechanism between the PCB and the probe region provided in the connection between the PCB and the multi-probe region a lead. A plurality of leads adjacent the end region of the probe binding region of the probe.


Since the first human beginnings, search for a way to express the life requirements to communicate with humans and his environment , he used means which differed from environment to another and from era to era. The result of this outcome , is access to language was sometimes written or read or signal or kinetics or iconic. The Arabic calligraphy is considered as one of the most  genius artistic aspect among the Arabs. A Muslim artist emphasized the importance of aesthetic presence for the holy word in the holy places. The most famous lines: Kufic , Thuluth , Naskh , Ruq´ah ,  Diwani. Although  the Arabic calligraphy played a major role in the deployment of Arabic and Islamic culture, which lasted several centuries however, with the low of writing Arabic calligraphy and the difficult to read , words lose their meaning and the value of Arabs civilization lose too. Under the civilization regression of the Arab world for many years, we have to preserve the Arabic calligraphy as one of the cultural tributaries, which represents an important anchor to preserve the nation culture , identity and its  great heritage. Therefore, the researcher found that it is her national duty to innovate contemporary printed designs  for wall hangings inspired from Arabic calligraphy to contribute the return of Arab civilization, and to highlight the fine  and aesthetic values of the Arabic calligraphy.  The problem can be summarized in the next question:
To what extent can take advantage of the Arabic calligraphy , as an aesthetic value to innovate contemporary  printed designs  for wall hangings that appropriate with that era, and contribute in preserving our heritage and cultural identity.The research aims to take advantage of the Arabic calligraphy aesthetic values to innovate contemporary printing  designs  for wall hangings to the preservation of cultural identity inherited from generation to generation.
Methodology:  The historical approach : to know the history of  the Arabic calligraphy.  The descriptive analytical approach:  to characterize and analysis the printed designs for wall hangings that have been innovated.  The Experimental approach : through subjective experiences of the researcher to create contemporary printing designs for wall hangings.  Results proved the availability of aesthetic values in the designs that have been innovated (31 Printing designs for wall hangings), that appeared clearly in the rhythm , balance , consistency and dynamic elements.As well as the suitability of innovative printing designs  from Arabic calligraphy  for wall hangings. The quality assessment of the designs range between 85% to 100% . As the Arabic calligraphy conceder an important anchor to safeguard the nation's culture, identity and  civilization heritage , and has unlimited potential of aesthetics  values , The researcher recommend the necessity of the textile printing designers  to innovate printed designs to preserve our Arab cultural identity, and the importance of teaching Arabic Calligraphy in faculties of education in public and specially  in Arts Faculties  to build bridges of communication between us and our civilizational  heritage. As well as organize competitions, and exhibitions of Arabic calligraphy inside and outside Egypt.


The anticorrosion effects of methenamine,thiourea and 8-hydroxyl quinoline on steel bar immersed in simulated concrete porous solution with 0.8 mol/L NaCl were studied by linear polarization and Tafel extrapolation methods.The results show that the anticorrosion effects of methenamine and 8-hydroxyl quinoline were obvious when the pH value of solution was 12.95,whereas thiourea did not work at all.When the pH decreased to 10.95,8-hydroxyl quinoline lost its corrosion inhibition effect,and methenamine could work with high concentration.Thiourea and methenamine have synergistic effect that the concentration of methenamine can be effectively decreased.Anticorrosion mechanisms were also preliminarily discussed in this article.


We investigated cell response, including cell proliferation and expression of heat stress protein to clarify the influence of low-level (Ga-Al-As diode) laser irradiation on rat parotid gland acinar cell-derived Par-C10 cells. Furthermore, we also investigated amylase release and cell death to irradiation in rat parotid gland acinar cells. Number of Par-C10 cells in the laser-irradiated groups was higher than that in the non-irradiated group at days 5 and 7, although the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). Higher expression of HSP25 and bcl-2 was seen at days 1 and 3 in the irradiated group. Amylase release assay showed no significant difference between irradiated group and non-irradiated group statistically. Trypan blue exclusion assay revealed that there was no difference in the ratio of dead to live cells between the irradiated-and non-irradiated groups. These results suggest that low-level laser irradiation promotes cell proliferation and expression of anti-apoptosis proteins in Par-C10 cells, but it does not significantly affect amylase secretion and does not induce rapid cell death in isolated rat parotid gland acinar cells.


With the growth of IOT end devices exponentially, security has become most important. As more and more End devices (SmartDevices) are added to IoT more data is generated and that data needs to be transferred to server. The raw data is th en processed and analysed to Use it efficiently. The resource constrained nature of IoT Devices has highlighted different security for different end devices. We need to set up security policies that can block or encrypt data depending on the Application. So in this paper we present security model that can be adopted by different application.


Ehsan Rule and the effects on it in terms of compensatory and noncompensatory liabilities are of great importance; to the extent that it independently and initially revokes the liability based on a famous view among jurists and Jurisprudents. Based on the mentioned-view, in order to trigger Ehsan Rule and termination of liability, intentional and actual benefaction should necessarily exist. Despite the existing disputes, if we consider the physician as an example of Mohsen (benefactor) he or she will not be counted as liable. This rule is explicitly mentioned in Islamic Penal Code 1392, unlike the previous law. In previous articles and juridical rulings, causality relationship is a basis for liability; therefore there is doubt whether Ehsan Rule finally revokes medical liability or doesn't obtain causality relationship. This paper, in response to this question, separates medical liability to compensatory and non-compensatory liabilities. It determines the scope of this rule in these two areas and considers the good intention of a physician as the only factor of invalidity for his or her mandatory liabilities and deems Ehsan in his or her act as the cause of liability termination. Meanwhile by criticizing this view-independence of Ehsan Rule in liability termination-It is believed that the effectiveness of Ehsan Rule requires lack of causality relationship and supposes it effectiveness in relation to causality. 1. PhD, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran. 2. PhD Candidate in Criminal Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. 3. PhD Candidate in Criminal Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. (Corresponding author) Email: email@example.com 4. MA, Department of Law, Payame Noor University, Delijan, Iran. Original Article Received: 31 October 2015 Accepted: 19 May 2016 D ow nl oa de d fr om ij m ed ic al la w .ir a t 1 2: 07 + 03 30 o n W ed ne sd ay D ec em be r 5t h 20 18 37 كشزپ قوقح همانلصف / ی یس هرامش ،مهد لاس تشهو ،م زییاپ 5931


The activities of phospholipids acyl-hydrolases in an enzyme preparation from a mold, Corticium centrifugum, were examined. Lecithin acyl-hydrolase had an optimal pH at 3.5. The reaction proceeded beyond the range of 50%. Sigmoidal curves observed suggested the presence of lysophospholipase in the preparation. The latter enzyme activity was found to be seven times as strong as the former at the same pH. Fractionation by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography and analysis of the reaction products demonstrated that the main component of lecithin acyl-hydrolase was phospholipase B, which hydrolyzed both of fatty acyl ester groups of lecithin. This activity was found to be present as a separate enzyme from most of lysophospholipase.


The paper analyses general disability in children in all regions of the North Caucasus Federal District, taking into account the different age groups in the dynamics over 5 years 2008-2012.


Measurements of the NMR second moment and mechanical loss tangent for solution-crystallized polyethylene treated with fuming nitric acid at 80°C for 20 h reveal a relaxiation region around –140°C. The relaxation (correlation-time) spectrum for this relaxation region is in good agreement with that for the γ3-relaxation, which is one of the component relaxations of the γ-loss band of untreated polyethylene crystallized from the melt or solution. The γ1- and γ2- relaxations existing in untreated polyethylene are greatly decreased by this treatment. The observed change in the second moment in the γ3- region (ca. 1.5 gauss2), is explained as being due to the rotational motion of part of the ciliary chain on the lamellar surface. It is found that absorbed water changes this relaxation into a new one similar to the γ2-relaxation.


Focusing on a typical coal mine accident in China, this paper aims to enhance the emergency ability against fatal gas explosions in coal mines. The research data were obtained from the emergency rescue report and an interview with members of the rescue team. The emergency response process of the coal mine was reviewed in details from the angles of emergency organization, decision and disposal. It is concluded that the ventilation recovery and gas discharging must be executed with safety measures, the poor emergency response can be attributed to the customary emergency response mechanism and the lack of emergency knowledge, and the leader of the rescue team must adopt the first and third options to prevent the casualty of the rescuers. The findings of this study offer new insights into the handling of fatal gas explosions in other coal mines.