Research backround and hypothesis. The research focuses on school pupils' attitudes towards Olympism values and Olympic education. We hypothesised that in schools implementing integrated Olympic education programme, pupils more associated human values with Olympism than pupils in schools where this education programme was not implemented. Research aim was to ascertain the attitude towards Olympism values of pupils in schools implementing and not implementing integrated Olympic education. Research methods. The sample included 2335 (1095 males and 1240 females) young adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 years. Pupils' attitudes towards Olympism values were determined using the Olympic Questionnaire (Telama et al., 2002). Research results. Research results revealed statistically significant differences towards human values of Olympism (p < 0.001) and social virtues of Olympism (p < 0.001) of pupils depending on applied Olympic education programme in schools. Discussion and conclusions. Our study revealed that pupils at schools implementing Integrated Olympic Education Programme more often emphasized the importance of human and social values of Olympism compared to pupils from schools not implementing this programme. The similar differences were found when assessing the results separately for girls. Research results did not reveal differences among 13–14-year-old pupils. However, the differences were established comparing the data of older pupils. Older pupils in schools with integrated Olympic education programme more emphasized the social virtues of Olympism and the human values of Olympism.


The oral glucose-lowering drug classes known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (gliptins) and thiazolidinediones (glitazones) have been associated with excess risk for heart failure (HF). In this cohort study (470,000 patients with type 2 diabetes), researchers examined associations between these drugs and risks for cardiovascular (CV) disease, HF, and all-cause death. Participants had not used gliptins, glitazones, or insulin during the 12 months …


Pollinator species such as butterflies and bees are declining globally primarily due to habitat loss. This is especially concerning within the tallgrass prairie ecoregion of North America, where the land area comprised of native vegetation has declined by an estimated 99%. Thus, tallgrass prairie restoration and management is imperative. The control of invasive plant species such as tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix) is one aspect of grassland management. In our first study we added herbicide and seeding treatments to control tall fescue and enhance plant diversity, and measured how these combined treatments affect the abundance, species richness, and diversity of butterflies and flowering plants. Five sites were each divided into three patches, and each patch was managed using one of three different herbicide and seeding treatments. These treatments included a non-sprayed control patch, a patch sprayed with glyphosate, and a patch sprayed with glyphosate as well as seeded with a mixture of native plants. Floral resource abundance was significantly higher in patches that were sprayed or sprayed and seeded compared to the control patches. In addition, floral species richness and diversity were significantly higher in patches that were sprayed and seeded compared to the control. Butterfly abundance was marginally significantly higher in patches that were sprayed and seeded compared to the control patches. This study indicates that the control of an invasive grass via herbicide treatments and seeding can potentially provide benefits to native pollinator and flowering plant communities. Restoring grasslands with the goal of improving native plant abundance, species richness, and diversity is another aspect of grassland management. In our second study, we test responses of the native bee and flowering plant communities to three grassland management treatments. Twelve sites were selected for bee and floral resource sampling based on their current land management strategy. Four sites were tallgrass prairie


The TLTP History Courseware Consortium is developing source-based tutorials on the computer to help lecturers teach the large number of history students more effectively and efficiently. This article gives an overview of the first years of the project, describing its objectives and the development of the design concept 'The Enriched Lecture'. The author discusses how this concept has worked so far in the 'real' world, exploring the experiences of academic authors and technical staff developing courseware based on this concept, and of lecturers and students evaluating a prototype. Some preliminary conclusions are drawn about the use of the materials in teaching.


The high yielding and reproducible micro-method of barley total DNA isolation was developed. A strong buffer was used for the maximum yield of DNA. RNA was removed by treating DNA with DNase-free pancreatic RNase A and polysaccharide contamination was removed by ethanol precipitation. DNA isolated from callus or leaf tissue was proved enough for restriction enzyme digestion and Southern blotting.


Dear Sir, I read the article recently appeared in this journal (ValladalesRestrepo et al., 2022). Authors investigated appropriateness of antibiotic use in patients with rabiessuspected exposures. However, an important point should be clarified. Antibiotics are given to patients with rabiessuspected contact in order to prevent bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, which can transmit via animal bites (Gozdas, 2017). Systemic corticosteroids pose an important risk for bacterial infections, and some patient related factors may also affect infection risk such as advanced age and immunosuppresive condition (Grijalva et al., 2011). In their study, 11 patients were ≥65 years, and 14 patients had an immunosuppressionrelated disease. Moreover, six patients in this study received intramuscular dexamethasone. I could not understand why authors used systemic corticosteroids in those patients who were at risk for bacterial infection due to rabiessuspected exposure.


The planar junction between two panels with different electromagnetic characteristics is a useful canonical problem at high frequency for a wide variety of actual configurations. First, uniform high-frequency closed form expressions are given for the case of the impedance planar junctions, which account for surface wave (SW)-space wave diffraction phenomena. Next, a heuristic extension is presented to treat the case of joined planar dielectric panels, that may be either penetrable or coated. In particular, the solution is explicitly developed for the case of an incident plane wave and observation at a finite distance. The field is represented as the sum of the geometrical optics (GO) field, a space wave diffracted field, and a contribution associated with the surface wave-space wave diffraction mechanism at the junction. Finally, the heuristically modified 2D solution is introduced into a rigorous 2D-3D transformation machinery. Thus, it is found that the final 3D expressions satisfy the boundary conditions at the dominant asymptotic order.


This guide can help you locate some key resources available through the Daemen Library to help with your research. Unsure about your search techniques? Take a look here for some help!


Concerns about the potential 'ringer' phenomenon (where a student's online work is done by someone else) are raised frequently about courses deployed wholly or partially online. This study of both fully online and hybrid classes leads to the conclusion that if ringers exists at all, the phenomenon is slight and more prevalent for hybrid classes. While the study is too small for broad generalization, courses with a significant grade component derived from in person, validated assessments did not appear to suffer (much) from ringers doing the distance, online work.


Thermocole sheets impregnated with fungal spores of Metarhizium anisopliae and Baeuveria bassiana were evaluated at three concentrations (5x107, 7.5x107 and 15x107 spores per ml) against adult house flies under laboratory conditions. In these trials, all the three concentrations of M.anisopliae spore caused >90 per cent mortality of adult house flies in 6 to 10 days. In case of B.bassiana, two concentrations of 7.5x107 and 15x107 spores per ml produced >90 per cent mortality of flies while the lowest concentration (5x107) caused 82.9±7.2 per cent mortality of adult flies.


Earth Logic Fashion Research Action Plan by Kate Fletcher and Mathilda Tham presents an alternative way of researching, buying, and governing sustainable fashion. Fletcher, professor at the Center for Sustainable Fashion, University of the Arts London, UK, and Tham, professor in design at Linnaeus University, Sweden, propose a new paradigm that rejects the fashion industry's current dependency on growth. The idea to publish Earth Logic was a response to a 2018 report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that stated that humans had only a decade to change their actions to avert catastrophic climate change. In the Earth Logic plan, Earth is placed first before everything else, including and especially profit. Earth Logic is a brief, seventy-three page, open-source book (available from earthlogic.info). It begins with an introduction that provides valuable context to the following sections and serves as a helpful glossary to some terms the authors employ. The introduction is followed by three main sections: part 1, "Values-Explicit Context"; part 2, "Earth Logic Research Implications"; and part 3, "Holistic Earth Logic Landscapes for Fashion Action Research." Part 1 describes eight core values of the Earth Logic research plan. They include multiple centers, interdependency, diverse ways of knowing, co-creation, action research, grounded imagination, care of world, and care of self. The values are linked. Multiple centers involve acknowledging everything that has a stake on Earth, including non-human species, nature, users, community, and non-western perspectives. By bringing in other centers, researchers can begin to see how all things, ideas, and relationships are interdependent and how diverse ways of thinking can evolve from this interdependency. Cocreation with a diverse set of knowledge brings in new skills, ideas, and actions. Once one has considered the interrelation of these values, action research begins. This type of research involves the steps of exploration, practice, and


Aggregate packing mechanism and its properties are always significant in the compaction, density and consequential strength and resistance of the bituminous mixture. Realizing that aggregate interlocking contributes to the strength, the packing of aggregate would increase the force of intact between aggregates. This work is focused on improving the compaction energy, engineering properties and rutting resistance of bituminous mixture by using the aggregate packing concept. After obtaining the optimum proportions for developed mixture via packing test, hot-mix asphalt samples are prepared and compacted with 50 and 75 blows, while well graded hot-mix asphalt samples are compacted with 75 blows. The Marshall Test result showed that developed mixture at lower compaction energy meets all the requirements of asphaltic concrete for heavy traffic and also exhibit higher density, stability, and lower air voids and voids in mineral aggregate compared to the well graded mixture. Developed mixture also demonstrated higher mixture stiffness and lower rut depth compared to the well graded one. This is due to the optimal distribution of the various aggregates sizes of developed mixture, which gives the interlocking necessary and stone to stone contact to improve the mixture density, stiffness and rutting resistance.


The problem of this study was to identify a means for improving the administration of curriculum and instruction by exploring the utilization of leadership personnel in addition to the principal. This study focused on the determination of the responsibilities that should be delegated chairpersons and the degree of autonomy that should be associated with each responsibility. Major implications were as follows. 1) Job descriptions should be developed for department chairpersons listing responsibilities and specifying guidelines within which department chairpersons should function. 2) Effective communication channels must exist between principals and department chairpersons and between department chairpersons and teachers to insure that department chairpersons perform their duties in accordance with the will of the principal. Teachers must understand the position of department chairperson for optimum use of the departmental organization. 3) Another implication is that department chairpersons should be provided in-service training to assist them with understanding and fulfilling their responsibilities . Additionally, evaluation procedures should be developed based on assigned responsibilities to provide a means of improving effectiveness. 4) A major implication is that by effectively utilizing department chairpersons, principals will experience some relief and assistance . This would allow principals to function more effectively in supervising the instructional program and accomplishing other administrative duties.


Abstract Despite the radical differences that characterize its most representative artists, contemporary Italian photography appears to be subtly but profoundly unified by the theme of the landscape as the privileged subject of its vision, and by the theme of the journey as the form of its representation. Landscape is the ultimate destiny of the human habitus: at the limits of the horizon, in the insuperable boundary of space and time, it opens itself to the mystery of the infinite.


Review(s) of: Wisdom and compassion in psychotherapy: Deepening mindfulness in clinical practice, by Christopher Germer and Ronald Siegel, Guilford, 2012, HB. $61.95.


Tendon is a dense, fibrous connective tissue in which the cells are surrounded by an extracellular matrix, composed primarily of type I collagen. A number of non-collagenous proteins are also present including the large proteoglycan (PG) aggrecan and the small PGs, decorin and biglycan (1). The predominant PG in purely tensional regions is decorin, whereas in morphologically distinct fibrocartilaginous regions (which are subjected to compressive and frictional forces in addition to tensional loads) aggrecan, decorin and biglycan are present at significantly increased levels (2). Turnover of tendon PGs in both compressed and tensional regions of tendon may predispose the tissue to mechanical disruption of the collagen matrix, an effect which may be exacerbated with age. In articular cartilage, aggrecan degradation can be attributed to proteolytic cleavage within the interglobular domain (IGD) of the molecule, with two major cleavage sites occurring between amino acid residues Asn-Phe and Glu-Ala (human sequence enumeration) (3). The former site is cleaved by many of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs 1,2,3,7,8,9,10,13,14) (4), whilst the latter cleavage is generated by the recently identified enzyme "aggrecanase" (5). In this study we have determined the relative contribution of these enzymes to the catabolism of tendon PGs in young versus mature bovine deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT).


Formation of prices for their services attractive to customers, but not at the expense of their own interests, is a constant concern of the commercial bank under conditions of acute interbank competition. Therefore, the article proposes alternative methods of management of competitive pricing in banking using mathematical modelling and application of modern computer technology. When determining the optimum current prices for deposit and credit services one must take into account the level of the prices of other services provided by the Bank, which is possible only within the framework of adequate mathematical models of the commercial bank. These models need to connect to a single node of the contradictory trends: prices attractive to customers and lower credit and higher deposit rates than in other banks in the region, with the desire of the Bank to maintain a desired level of profitability. The main factors of such models are the spread understood as the difference between the average rate and the average rate of return on equity, the Bank and leverage understood as a very aggregated balance sheet structure characteristic. The mathematical relationship between these three factors shows that increasing leverage, that is, a structural change in the balance, helps reduce the spread, while maintaining the same level of return on equity. In turn, lowering the amount of spread provides the ability either to increase the weighted average interest rate, or to reduce the average credit rate, or both. Ultimately, this leads to increased attractiveness of commercial bank rates and an increase in its price advantage. Using these models, one can get the empirical formula dependencies for any bank between the three above mentioned factors: spread, profitability and an expertly detailed balance sheet structure, based mainly on the quarterly accounting report (Forms 101 and 102), which is very important because of its accessibility. This formula can be used to adjust the financial flows of the commercial bank to increase its price advantage in the future.


A warm and saline water transport to the North Pacific subarctic region which could feed the mesothermal (intermediate temperature maximum) water is investigated through the analysis of World Ocean Circulation Experiment and Subarctic Gyre Experiment hydrographic data. The analysis of individual cruise data supports the hypothesis that warm and saline water is transported from the area east of Japan to the Gulf of Alaska and also indicates that the isopycnal mixing is active in the area east of 165°E. The transport route obtained from individual cruise data mostly agrees with that based on climatological data. As a whole, isopycnal potential temperature and potential vorticity are conserved along the transport route using both the climatological and individual data excepting that the potential vorticity at 26.8σθ rapidly increases along streamlines in the Gulf of Alaska when the climatological data are used. This discrepancy might be attributed to the existence of the strong potential vorticity front in the Gulf of Alaska and excessive smoothing in the climatological data.


… Due to transformation in nutritional status, along with epidemiological and sociodemographic changes in developing countries like Pakistan, obesity and underweight coexistin our community. Date about coexistence of obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30kg/m2) andunderweight (BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2) and related factors are lacking in this region of our province.This study will help us to relate different sociodemographic factors with obesity and underweight.Objective: To know the prevalence of obesity and underweight by body mass index (BMI) andto investigate the association of obesity and underweight with selected health conditions andsocioeconomic differences in this group. Study Design: Observational retrospective crosssectionalstudy. Material & Methods: The record of 1656 individual presented in medical OPDor Independent University Hospital Marzi Pura Faisalabad, during the period of 4 months Mar2013 to June 2013 was analysed. Age, Sex, Body Weight and height were enter in a structureformat sheet. Date was analysed by SPSS Version17. Results: Mean BMI was 24.0 kg/m2 (SD= 6.2), and was higher for women and decreased with age. Prevalence of obesity was 19.6%and was positively associated with female gender, family income, hypertension, and diabetesand inversely related to physical activity. Underweight affected 15.6% of participants mainly ofage group < 25 years and in elderly people, and was higher among women and low-incomefamilies. It was negatively associated with hypertension and diabetes and directly associatedwith Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and ≥ 2 hospitalizations in the previous 12 months.Conclusions: Both obesity and underweight were associated with increased morbidity. Theassociation of underweight with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, increased hospitalization,and low family income may reflect illness-related weight loss in all age groups especially <25years due to poor care in younger by family and social deprivation of elderly in this community.Aging in poverty may lead to an increase in nutritional deficiencies and health-related problemsamong the elderly.


A control system for preventing dragline boom damage is described. The device, called Boomsentry, is designed to help guard against tightline and bucket overtravel conditions which can cause costly damage to draglines. The Boomsentry control continuously monitors the position of the bucket by using two potentiometers, one coupled to the hoist drum and one to the drag drum, to monitor the amounts of rope taken in or let out. The bucket speed multiplied by its predicted weight when loaded gives the potential momentum of the loaded bucket, which helps to define trouble limits. Early tests have been promising.


Telework as a new form of employment has become particularly relevant with the advent of the COVID-19 restrictions. So far, telework has been used occasionally, and only a few employers and employees have resorted to this mode of work. Due to the COVID-19 situation, telework has become a reality, and at times it is the only possibility to work. Although telework is widely used, the legal regulation might not be apparent. The article explores the specific aspects of legal regulation regarding telework in Estonia.


Four tetraaryl metalloporphyrin catalysts [FeIII, Ar = phenyl and pentafluorophenyl; FeIII and MnIII, Ar = 2,6-dichlorophenyl (FeIIITDCPP and MnIIITDCPP)] have been coordinatively bonded to poly(4-vinylpyridine), and imidazole modified polystyrene (PS-Im) and silica (Si-Im). Evidence is presented that suggests that the iron(III) porphyrins are predominantly bis-ligated to the polymer supports whereas with MnIIITDCPP mono-ligation is preferred. On Si-Im all the complexes are mono-ligated. A fifth metalloporphyrin, the ionic manganese(III) 5,10,15,20-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (MnIIIT4MPyP); which binds strongly to unmodified silica, does not ligate to Si-lm.Leaching experiments show that FeIIITDCPP is most strongly anchored to the supports. The resulting materials have been used as catalysts for the oxidation of cyclohexene and cyclooctene by iodosylbenzene. The oxidant accountabilities are good and product distributions from reactions under nitrogen are very comparable to those from analogous homogeneous oxidations. However, the rates of the former are markedly lower. Oxidations of cyclohexene, but not of cyclooctene, in air are biphasic. The first phase, where epoxidation predominates, is attributable to an FeIIITDCPP-catalysed oxidation by PhIO and the second, which leads to allylic oxidation, to radical autoxidation.The best catalysts for large turnover epoxidations are FeIIITDCPP and MnIIITDCPP on Si–lm. The causes of the lower yields with catalysts on the more flexible polymer supports are discussed.A limited study with H2O2 as the oxidant reveals that MnIIITDCPP on Si–Im, in contrast to the ionic MnIIIT4MPyP on silica, catalyses the epoxidation of cyclooctene.


Objectives  Visfatin is a new cytokine that act as an insulin analogue on the insulin receptor and may link obesity and insulin resistance. It was recently shown that visfatin plays a role in plaque destabilization. However, the role of visfatin in atherosclerosis remains to be elucidated. We sought to assess whether plasma visfatin level is independently associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes (ACS).


As the security requirements increases, 5G slicing-enabled Internet of things needs to adopt end-to-end standalone networking, which limits the consensus convergence of mobile blockchain. Although the rise of FIBRE (Fast Internet Bitcoin Relay Engine) gives a huge promotion to block propagation, existing approaches cannot consider the influence of link outages among 5G slices on mobile blockchain. In this paper, we focus on decreasing the block propagation time among blockchain peers under the scenario where link outages among 5G slices exist. A predictive fast consensus convergence (PFCC) scheme is proposed for mobile blockchain over 5G slicing-enabled internet of things. In PFCC, federated semi-supervised learning is used to learn the features of withdraw packets, reroutes the packets of blockchain peers, and ultimately reduces the scale of link outages quickly. With PFCC, different blockchain peers located in standalone 5G slices of IoT can transact local sensing data more efficiently. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to improve the consensus convergence speed of mobile blockchain by optimizing communications between 5G slices. Experiments shows the feasibility of proposed scheme.


Introduction, 292. — I. Shortages and price rises, 293. — II. Empirical evidence of a shortage in the engineer-scientist market, 296. — III. The process of adjustment in the market, 297. — IV. A model of dynamic shortages and price rises, 299. — V. Dynamic shortage in the engineer-scientist market, 302. — VI. Alternate definitions of a shortage, 305. — VII. Conclusion, 307.


Evolution of very low-cost hardware, viz. low-resolution CMOS cameras and microphones, facilitating the retrieval of multimedia content from the environment, has prompted the conception of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs). Sensor nodes' energy consumption is still one of the main concerns while improving the network lifetime of the network and clustering has been proved an important tool in this regard. However, the directionally constrained sensing nature of nodes in one type of WMSN turned the routing solutions of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) inapplicable for WMSN. This paper proposes an energy-saving hierarchical clustering based on overlapping field-of-views (FoVs) of nodes in WMSN in presence of arbitrarily located obstacles within the network area. Performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated through simulation primarily to analyze the effect of obstacle in network area over clustering. Finally the efficacy of the scheme is measured in terms of network lifetime where results clearly show the present scheme's supremacy compared to one FoV based clustering with no hierarchy and the other with no clustering at all.


In today's world disaster's such as fire has become a very interesting topic in research and plays a very important role in the
development of the smart environment. Disasters such as fire has caused many social and economic damages. We can prevent the
damages by the early detection of the fire. The current advancement has permitted the detection of the fire using vision based. We
have used various AI techniques such as CNN, RNN, ATT Squeeze net, HSV, YOLOV3 and compare the accuracy. To validate our
system, dataset of approximately 3000 images is considered. Dataset consist of both fire and non-fire images.prove the validity of
our method we will be using. We have trained the system using different AI Techniques and calculated the accuracy by detecting
the fire in real time.


We describe a method for analyzing geometrical properties of cell nuclei from phase contrast microscopy images. This is useful in drug discovery for quantifying the effect of candidate chemical compounds, bypassing the need for fluorescence imaging. Fluorescence images are then only used for training our nuclei segmentation, avoiding the need for the time consuming expert annotations. Geometry based descriptors are calculated and aggregated and fed into a classifier to distinguish the different types of chemical treatments. The drug treatment can be distinguished from no treatment with accuracy better than 95% from fluorescence images and better than 77% from phase contrast images.


Mixed compost of urban garbage and dehydrated sludge is a research organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology. Introduced in this paper are the facilities and method of experiments on mixed compost of urban garbage with dehydrated sludge from the sewage treatment works. Through analysis of the data from the experiment, a conclusion is drawn of relevant parameters like the temperature, water content, pH, C/N, volume of ventilation and mix ratio, forming accumulated data and a solid base for engineering.


The article summarized the principle,advantage of immune colloidal gold technique,analyzed the application and research progress of DIGFA and GICA in clinical diagnosis,and discussed the existent problems and the future developmental trend of the technology.


Meeting the needs of English language learners (ELLs) in career and technical education (CTE) represents a growing challenge for all teachers in the field. The challenge is especially overwhelming given the widespread agreement that teachers are not well prepared to meet the needs of ELLs. The implications for schools and CTE teachers are discussed in connection to appropriate instruction for ELLs addressing language development considerations. The underlying premises of effective instruction aligned with contextual teaching and learning, relation to teaching practice in CTE programs, and the implications for using technology to facilitate ELLs' learning are also examined.


INTRODUCTION: Hyaluronan (HA), a primary constituent of synovial fluid (SF), is an important contributor to the boundary lubrication of articular cartilage. Indeed, high molecular weight (MW) HA, ~800 kDa, has been shown to function effectively as a cartilage boundary lubricant in a dose dependant manner, and act synergistically with Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4, a mucin-like glycoprotein also found in SF that contributes to boundary lubrication in a dose-dependent manner) to lower friction, through an unknown mechanism, to levels near that of SF. It is currently not known if MW affects HA's cartilage boundary lubricating ability alone, or the poorly understood HA+PRG4 interaction that synergistically lowers friction at the cartilage surface. Thus, the objectives of this study were to 1) assess the MW dependence of HA's cartilage boundary lubricating ability, +/PRG4, at physiological concentrations, and 2) examine the HA-PRG4 interaction in solution.


The present research focuses on the identification of the level related to self-perception that have in information competencies undergraduate students of the faculties of Arts and Design, Natural Sciences and Engineering, Economic and Administrative Sciences, and, Social Sciences of the University of Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, in order to determine some didactic strategies that contribute the use and management of information. The study is based on training in informational competences as an important factor in the academic and research process in higher education, which encourages learning with critical and reflective thinking, strengthening the ability to use skills and knowledge through an integrated manner in different contexts and experiences; developing skills in solving information problems for decision-making through the search, location, evaluation, organization, use, optimization and dissemination of information, with responsibility and ethics, thus contributing the generation of new knowledge. A methodology based on interviews and surveys is used, the latter based on the IL-HUMASS instrument. The results show differences in the treatment of information in relation with the importance, self-efficacy and source of learning perceived by students across the level of ability in each of the competences under study: search, evaluation, processing and communication and dissemination of the information.


As the speed of a high ship speed increases, it is important to reduce the wave making resistance and viscous resistance. One solution is to put the body of the ship in the air by the foil and set the propulsion system under the water. However, this system has an instability of motion in the take off condition. This paper proposes the jet engine system of an aircraft as the propulsion system. The advantages of putting the propulsion system up in the air are: simplicity of maintenance, high reliability and motionless in waves. It is important to know the behaviour of thrust, resistance and the attack angle of the foil etc in take off, and also to consider the foil control. This paper solves the equations of motion in the take off condition and investigates the effect of various parameters with the simulation.


The research breaks new ground for effective learning from multimedia with innovative approaches to visual instruction. It is identified that not all individuals cope effectively with graphical learning. The work links instructional science, cognitive psychology, and human-computer interaction, and will be of interest to educators, electro-communications engineers and computer science.


Due to their advantages in terms of safety, efficiency and comfort, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have recently drawn the attention of researchers from among a wide spectrum of engineering fields. Although transportation and communications engineers have independently delved into issues related with vehicular networks, analyzing them from their own perspectives; the void of a more comprehensive study which blends the theory of the two and seeks to address their mutual dependencies, is evident in the current literature. In this paper we initiate this surge by studying the interactions of traffic flow, safety and communications capacity within a simple transportation system. To that end we first render mathematical realizations for such criteria and study how the new technology can affect them and their mutual interactions. More specifically, the tradeoffs inherent in the capacity-flow and flow-safety relations have been analyzed. Our study helps foresee the effect of the gradual introduction of communications-enabled vehicles on the safety and efficiency of transportation networks before their actual deployment.


We are making accurate observations of the changes in Doppler shift of stellar absorption lines. The scrambling of incident light by an optical fiber and the stability of wavelength calibration by a tilt-tunable Fabry-Perot etalon provide immunity to systematic errors. A cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph spatially separates the orders of constructive interference transmitted through the etalon. Selecting several echelle diffraction orders in the vicinity of 4250-4750 A, which are imaged on a CCD, about 350 Points on the profile of the stellar spectrum are sampled by successive orders of interferometric transmission through the etalon. At 4300 A each interference order is 47 milliangstroms wide and the sample points are 0.64 A apart, causing distinct, widely-spaced monochromatic images of the entrance aperture to be formed in the focal plane of the camera. Changes in Doppler shift modify the relative intensities of these images, in proportion to the slope of the spectral profile at each point sampled; for simplicity, the data are being analyzed only for changes in radial velocity rather than its absolute magnitude. With an argon emission line lamp the interferometer is calibrated to better than 2 parts in 100 million; this corresponds to + 6 meters/sec in Doppler shift. These calibrations show instrumental variations of + 12 meters/sec on a time scale of months; observations of stars are corrected for such changes. The internal repeatability of observations of the differential Doppler shift of Alpha Tau (K5 III; B=2.4) is + 6 meters/sec for each exposure of 224 square meter-seconds, and + 8 m/s for Beta Gem (KO III, B = 2.1). These exposures are obtained in 7 minutes with a 0.91-meter telescope. The external repeatability (day-to-day differential accuracy) of nightly averages of stellar observations is + 20 meters/second; improvements to the instrument are planned to reduce this value.


A nationwide survey conducted for the National Mental Health Association found that an overwhelming majority of Americans believe that health insurance should provide the same coverage for mental health problems as it does for physical problems. Sixty-one percent of those polled strongly agreed and 32 percent agreed that mental illness should have equal coverage. Support for mentab health parity did not vary by age, income, region, or race. However, women were more likely than men to believe that their family might need mental health care and were slightly more likely to support mental health parity. Support for mental health parity was not related to a respondent's belief that a family member might need mental health care: 61 percent of all respondents strongly supported parity, while 28 percent had a strong expectation that a family member would need mental health treatment. Sixty-one percent ofrespondents also had some knowledge ofthe limits of their health insurance coverage for mental health treatments. Opinion Research Corporation conducted the survey May 15-18. Respondents were a nationally representative sampling of 504 men and 505 women age 18 or older living in private households. The margin of error was less than 3 percent.


We have developed a deep reactive ion etching of Pyrex glass in SF/sub 6/ plasma. High etch rate (/spl sim/0.6 /spl mu/m/min) and smooth surface (Ra-4 nm) were achieved at low pressure (0.2 Pa) and high self-bias (-390 V). This result indicates energetic ions for physical sputtering and for enhancing chemical reactions are required to etch materials which produce nonvolatile reaction products. Vertical etch profile (base angle /spl sim/88/spl deg/), high aspect ratio (>10) and through-out etching of Pyrex glass (200 /spl mu/m in thickness) were achieved when the mask opening is narrower than 20 /spl mu/m. Relatively low selectivity to the mask material due to the energetic ion is overcame using thick and vertical electroplated Ni film as a mask. We also find out the base angle of the etch profile depends on the mask profile and the opening width.


In education is necessary to enrich the daily work concerning the search for the existence of intercultural perspective in the classroom this through the practice of the native language, dress and cultural appreciation in this way to help the promotion of inter, because they are seen as supporting the curriculum.
This paper presents four elements that help to understand the issue of education - learning from the perspective of intercultural, from, the use of techniques such as data collection, field diary, which serves as a support in conjunction with observation forms, containing the same steps of an educational planning, then the interview in the second year of Basic General Education of the School Jose Domingo Albuja related infrastructure, teachers, students.
This case study has its theoretical foundation that deals with the definition and characteristics of the intercultural perspective in practice in the classroom and the importance of the practice of Kichwa language as their mother tongue in intercultural education and its relationship to natural and social environment, mathematics, language arts, and physical culture.


Since the concept of logistics first appeared in U.S.Military,it has been more than 60 years so far.A review about this past history in terms of academics,education and discipline is helpful to the deepening understanding of logistics and the envisage of future development.Meanwhile,the U.S.logistics evolution offers some useful lesson to China logistics reform.


• a lack of adequate, high quality environmental and radiological baseline data • a lack of sufficient technical engineering design detail for critical project components • a lack of references and discussion of models for numerous critical design issues • Missing key baseline radiological data, especially pre-mining radon flux • completely inadequate figures and maps to present and visualise the proposed project • a lack of appropriate strategic, long-term tailings management plan • poorly argued project alternatives and inappropriate dismissal of viable project options • inadequate characterisation and discussion of potential acid mine drainage issues • a completely minimal and inappropriate rehabilitation plan


It was, in fact, librarians who introduced the world to the concept of categorized search. It was librarians who carried the torch, stubbornly insisting on cataloging things in an age of metatags and keyword searching.


The evaluation model of a new assignment of manning on board of coasters while maintaining the current level of safety is proposed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to determine the relative weights of the quantitative evaluation criteria, and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is applied to determine the relative weights of the qualitative evaluation criteria. Finally, Topsis model is applied to rank the alternatives. Empirical results show that the proposed methods are viable approaches in solving the evaluation the minimum Ship Safety Manning


F IBRILLARY activity of cardiac muscle was first demonstrated by Hoffa and Ludwig, ' in 1850, as a result of their attempt to produce tetanic contractions in the ventricles of various cold-blooded animals and mammals by direct faradization. The sa.mc phenomenon was produced by Einbrodt,' in 1860, and later by Vulpian,3 who also obserTred that a similar, but generally more transient, condition could be produced in the auricle of the dog. However. the clinical occurrence and importance of auricular fibrillation were overlooked for at least, twenty-five years, and the condition was regarded primarily as a la.borat.ory curiosity, being frequently produced by direct faradizat,ion of the heart and the administ,ration of various toxic and pharmacologic agents. It is true that irregularities of the pulse in man were observed and recorded by Marey4 as early as 1863, and later by Riegcl,' Sommerhrodt,G Janowski,' and numerous other clinicians. These irregularities were given a variety of names, such as the "mitral p~~lsc, " delirium cordis, pulws irregularis perpetuus. and the absolutely irregular pulse. However, they were neither a.dequately rerognizcd as definite clinical entities, nor correlated with those experimentally observed in animals, s~xll as auricular fibrillation. Indeed, it was not, until 1903 that, Hering* definitely est,ablished the fact that the absolut.ely irregular pulse is a definite clinical entity. With the introduction of the electrocardiograph, Lewis" and Rot,hberger and WinterberglO ultimately proved that the majority of these irregularities observed in man werr one and the same, and were the clinical counterpart of t,he experimental auricular fibrillation observed in animals. The correlation between the clinical and laboratory observations was suggested, however, prior to the publication of the papers of Lewis and Rothberger and Wint,erberg. This earlier correlation was an outgrowth of the investigations of Arthur ('ushny, undertaken while hc was professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the Medical School of the ITnivcrsity of Michigan, at. Ann Arbor. Cushnyl' states that he had been interested in cardiac irregularities as early as 1890. He was familiar with auricular fibrillation as produced in animals, both by direct faradization of the heart and by 11~~ administration of rarious drrtgsj such as digitalis, and 11~ liad frcclucritl>~bs~r~-cd the condition in his labora-


Modern carcerality in Iran, with its attendant systems of surveillance, policing, and mass imprisonment, was a gendered project from the outset. In turn, the new modern prisons of the Pahlavi era (1925–79) provoked gendered anxieties about seemingly rising rates of female and child criminality, the deteriorating family unit, and the inherent sin and vice of life in a modern city. In general, it is difficult to overstate the wholesale changes that the modern carceral system has brought to Iran. The establishment of modern prisons, an effort begun in the first decades of the 20th century, has led to an enduring transformation in social worlds for Iranians of all genders. For much of Iran's pre-20th-century history, forced confinement of any kind was a relative rarity, legal practices and norms were diffuse and diverse, and long periods of incarceration were virtually nonexistent. The conceit of prisoner reform central to the modern penitentiary model—wherein centralized modern governments imagine prisons as rehabilitative spaces in which socially undesirable "criminals" can be reformed into good "citizens"— is nowhere found in the archive of Iran's pre-20th-century punishments.


A 16-year-old patient with pituitary dwarfism is reported, in whom a colloid cyst was found in the III ventricle. The authors believe that pituitary disorder and colloid cyst were a result of developmental anomalies manifesting themselves at various times.


Standard type of safety management system for experimental laboratories was developed to promote safer environments in an effective way. The system consists of three hierarchies; regulation, sub-regulation, and practice. The regulation and sub-regulation include mainly managerial topics while the practice contains lot of technical topics and terms to achieve a better safety performance. In specific, the practice contains three kinds of safety management activities such as safety review, and hazard evaluation, safety check, and safety inspection. The safety review and hazard evaluation are defined as daily activities conducted by experimenters and supervisors. The safety check should be conducted by safety manager to ensure safety of a laboratory including whole equipment within the laboratory. The safety inspection is defined as the activities performed by a group of experts.


This paper presents a transmitter design strategy for integrating several high efficiency Class-E RF amplifiers for small satellite subsystems operating at different frequencies to a single antenna. An electrically small monopole/dipole type antenna is preferred for small satellites. However, integrating Class-E RF amplifiers to the low antenna resistance and high capacitive reactance of this class of antenna presents two challenges. First, matching networks with large impedance transformation ratios that are impractically sensitive to circuit and antenna port variations are necessary to achieve the high optimum load resistance of conventional low power Class-E design solutions. Second, a low antenna resistance results in comparatively significant real circuit and components resistive losses which means that the Class-E amplifier efficiency becomes a strong function of the dissipative losses as well as the Class-E waveforms. We propose a transmitter design that is based on a novel Class-E amplifier design strategy, and a multiplexer design technique that builds impedance matching into each multiplexer branch that can be adjusted without altering the multiplexers filtering characteristics. We reduce the impedance transformation ratio required by introducing a Class-E amplifier design strategy that tailors the optimum fundamental load impedance of the amplifier to the antenna impedance by varying three Class-E design parameters which control the transistor voltage and current waveforms. To realize high power added efficiency, we propose utilizing the adjustable impedance matching within each multiplexer branch to predictably and independently optimize each Class-E amplifiers load impedance for real circuit and components in the multiplexer configuration without causing an unwanted deviation in the performance of the remaining Class-E amplifiers multiplexed to the common antenna port. This is achieved because the independence of each impedance match to the multiplexers filtering characteristics ensures that optimizing each amplifiers load impedance does not alter how each amplifier loads the common antenna port. To demonstrate the transmitter design strategy, an example transmitter design operating at 144.2 MHz, 432.6 MHz, and 1297.8 MHz was synthesized and simulated for a tri-band 3U CubeSat antenna which has been designed for Ionospheric remote sensing. The simulation results show that the transmitter design strategy can achieve a power added efficiency and power gain of greater than 54.9% and 13.1 dB respectively for an antenna exhibiting a resistance as low as 1.07Ω.


Yet even without such interleavings from Donne and George Herbert—and I gather the composer is considering suppressing them—it would be impossible to miss the feeling that Hugh Wood's first new score in four years is very consciously a regeneration piece. The effect of its 24-section, 17-minute, single-movement form is certainly quite different from the aggressive structural hustling of the similarly laid-out String Quartet No. 2; the first section comprising no more than the basic pitch materials suspended in a glacial limbo, the second gradually adumbrating what is to become one of the work's most pervasive harmonic progressions, the third introducing just a hint of Messiaenic birdsong, and so on. With brief incursions of Wood's more familiar post-Schoenbergian rhetoric, momentum slowly builds to an extended flight of silvery, Sibelian tremolo ostinati, issuing in a hesitant, rocking idea of a quasi-tonal lyricism new in his music and ultimately fulfilled in the almost Janacek-like exultation of the concluding page of 'up-beat' arpeggios and trills. In an otherwise splendidly convincing first performance, I did wonder whether the final spurt was not slightly subverted by Wood's previous slackening of tempo in order to indulge in a little self-quotation, apparently from an early unpublished setting of Laurie Lee's 'April Rise', just before. Nonetheless the spacious and optimistic unfolding of the work as a whole gives promise of what one hopes will prove a fertile new phase in his music.


In this paper we examine the impact of payout policy on cost of capital. Using forward-looking implied cost of capital as a measure of expected returns, we examine the cross-sectional relation between cost of capital and (a) the level of payout and (b) the distribution policy choice between dividends and repurchases. We initially find that the cost of capital is decreasing in the level of payout, consistent with the maturity hypothesis but once we control for direct measures of risk the result reverses. We further find that, in general, the higher the dividend intensity in the payout the lower the cost of capital despite the tax disadvantage of dividends. To counter the off-setting effects of the various alternative hypotheses in the overall sample, we conduct further analysis of the distribution policy across sub-samples based on growth, leverage, analyst coverage, size, earnings volatility, and institutional ownership. We find no support for the tax hypothesis that predicts cost of capital should be increasing in dividend intensity. We however find that firms use dividends to successfully mitigate the agency costs of free cash flows consistent with the agency hypothesis. The evidence regarding the information hypothesis, that dividends are preferred under asymmetric information, is mixed.


Let $E$ be an elliptic curve without complex multiplication (CM) over a number field $K$ , and let $G_{E}(\ell )$ be the image of the Galois representation induced by the action of the absolute Galois group of $K$ on the $\ell$ -torsion subgroup of $E$ . We present two probabilistic algorithms to simultaneously determine $G_{E}(\ell )$ up to local conjugacy for all primes $\ell$ by sampling images of Frobenius elements; one is of Las Vegas type and the other is a Monte Carlo algorithm. They determine $G_{E}(\ell )$ up to one of at most two isomorphic conjugacy classes of subgroups of $\mathbf{GL}_{2}(\mathbf{Z}/\ell \mathbf{Z})$ that have the same semisimplification, each of which occurs for an elliptic curve isogenous to $E$ . Under the GRH, their running times are polynomial in the bit-size $n$ of an integral Weierstrass equation for $E$ , and for our Monte Carlo algorithm, quasilinear in $n$ . We have applied our algorithms to the non-CM elliptic curves in Cremona's tables and the Stein–Watkins database, some 140 million curves of conductor up to $10^{10}$ , thereby obtaining a conjecturally complete list of 63 exceptional Galois images $G_{E}(\ell )$ that arise for $E/\mathbf{Q}$ without CM. Under this conjecture, we determine a complete list of 160 exceptional Galois images $G_{E}(\ell )$ that arise for non-CM elliptic curves over quadratic fields with rational $j$ -invariants. We also give examples of exceptional Galois images that arise for non-CM elliptic curves over quadratic fields only when the $j$ -invariant is irrational.


It is now well established that all animals and plants harbor abundant and diverse microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotic microorganisms [...].


This paper reports a study on the use of pseudo-measurements and virtual measurements in the process of state estimation in distribution systems. For this purpose, a three-phase weighted least squares state estimator was developed, which treats SCADA measurements, virtual measurements and pseudo-measurements similarly, assigning different weights for each of these measurements. Initially, this research will examine the effect of pseudo-measurement precision on the estimates. Then, it will demonstrate that the substitution of pseudo-measurements by virtual measurements, at strategic points, improves the estimation accuracy. To illustrate the main theoretical conclusions, results of case studies considering a 4-bus test system, featuring the characteristics present in an electrical power distribution system (radial and not symmetrical network, and unbalanced loads), will be presented and analyzed.


Ertan G et al. Congenital Intercostal Liver Herniation ... Eur J Pediatr Surg 2010; 20: 196 – 198 Introduction & Congenital herniation of the liver or parts of the liver through the chest wall is an extremely rare entity. The exact etiology of congenital intercostal liver herniation (CILH) is unknown [1, 2] . Herniation of the liver or parts of the liver into the chest cavity is well known as a complication of congenital or post traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) [3 – 5] . We report on two unusual cases of right-sided CILH with an intact diaphragm. In both neonates the ipsilateral diaphragm was eventrated. Congenital diaphragmatic eventration (CDE) is defi ned as an abnormal elevation of an intact hemidiaphram [6] . Preoperative computer tomography (CT) allows correct identifi cation of CILH with CDE.


We calculate the weak transition form factors of the $\Lambda_b\to\Lambda(1520)$ transition, and further calculate the angular distributions of the rare decays $\Lambda_b\to\Lambda(1520)(\to N\bar{K})\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ ($N\bar{K}=\{pK^-,n\bar{K}^0\}$) with unpolarized $\Lambda_b$ and massive leptons. The form factors are calculated by the three-body light-front quark model with the support of numerical wave functions of $\Lambda_b$ and $\Lambda(1520)$ from solving the semirelativistic potential model associated with the Gaussian expansion method. By fitting the mass spectrum of the observed single bottom and charmed baryons, the parameters of the potential model are fixed, so this strategy can avoid the uncertainties arising from the choice of a simple harmonic oscillator wave function of the baryons. With more data accumulated in the LHCb experiment, our result can help for exploring the $\Lambda_b\to\Lambda(1520)\ell^+\ell^-$ decay and deepen our understanding on the $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ processes.


Community education is all-round people education,whole-life education,with the respect of the government,community education play an important role in making up study society system,which is rosy future.Community education is highly related to the TV education,TV taking in community education is very important and advantageous;The effective ways include supporting of the government and society,merging of the TV university and community,marriage of the TV university with community education.


ABSTRACT The contemporary literature on political parties has identified their gradual but consistent shift away from civil society and towards the state. As parties are becoming ever increasingly dependent on state resources and exclusively interested in governing, as Mair (Ruling the void: The hollowing of western democracy [Verso Books, 2013]) suggested, and patronage is a fundamental to that relationship, the degree and modes of party patronage becomes pivotal to understanding their performance, and the ways they organize and govern. In this paper we argue that party patronage is likely to be structured by the nature of political competition and explore the effects of political polarization, which is a feature of political competition relatively independent from the precise format of a party system, on patronage practices. We advance a theoretical argument which systematically links different types of political polarization with different patterns of party patronage, arguing that extreme polarization incentivizes political parties to develop heavily partisan strategies of party patronage which, in turn, further fuel political polarization. Thus, we also contribute to burgeoning literature on political polarization and its negative effects on the functioning of both political parties and overall political systems.


The hardware and software of belt anchorage test system of six channels electronic hydraulic servo by computer control were introduced.Especially the configure,operation principle,function and performance index of the control system were presented,It has good business application value to popularize.


In the article the analysis of the status and development of the system of protection of motherhood and childhood in the Chechen Republic in the most difficult period in its history: 1990–2005 biennium, noted the difficulties in the development of health. The author reveals and convincingly shows the regional differences in the development of the system of healthcare and protection of maternity and childhood of the Chechen Republic, connected with political development. The article presents statistical data on the number of medical institutions of all kinds, including medical personnel, vaccination campaigns, demographic data. Noted and analyzed the environmental and social problems affecting the growth of morbidity among children. Shows the progress in the restoration of the system of protection of motherhood and childhood in post-war period, the measures are identified by state authorities and improvement of the position of women in society and its protection.


In this article, the nonlinear partial fractional differential equation, namely the KdV equation is renewed with the help of modified Riemann- Liouville fractional derivative. The equation is transformed into the nonlinear ordinary differential equation by using the fractional complex transformation. The goal of this paper is to construct new analytical solutions of the space and time fractional nonlinear KdV equation through the extended -expansion method. The work produces abundant exact solutions in terms of hyperbolic, trigonometric, rational, exponential, and complex forms, which are new and more general than existing results in literature. The newly generated solutions show that the executed method is a well-organized and competent mathematical tool to investigate a class of nonlinear evolution fractional order equations.


A series of studies were undertaken to investigate heat transfer from impinging jets and rough surfaces. In some of the studies, liquid crystals and naphthalene sublimation techniques were developed and used to determine the temperature distribution and the heat (mass) transfer coefficients, respectively. In the process of these investigations, a new data acquisition system, operated and controlled by computers, was developed, constructed, tested, and employed. A Laser-Doppler velocimeter was used to measure velocity and Reynold stresses in a two-dimensional wall jet. Single, multiple, and oblique jets, and the effects of entrainment and confinement on impingement heat transfer were studied. Investigations of three-dimensional heat (mass) transfer at the base of a cylinder protruding from a surface was carried out. Similar tests with an array of in-line and staggered cylinders were also conducted. The local heat transfer from a surface covered with two-dimensional periodic ribs was investigated. Distribution of the heat transfer coefficient on bottom and sidewall surfaces of a two-dimensional cavity was experimentally determined.


The relative rates of pyrolysis of 1-arylethyl acetates XC6H4CHMe·OAc (measured over a 50° range for each compound) are as follows at 600 °K: (X =) H, 1·00; 2-PhS, 0·89; 3-PhS, 0·805; 4-PhS, 1·32; 2-PhO, 1·20; 4-PhO, 2·14; 2-MeS, 1·02; 4-MeS, 1·48; 2-PhCH2, 1·51; 4-PhCH2, 1·51. The abnormally low activation by ortho- relative to para-oxygen- and -sulphur-containing substituents is shown to be general for reactions involving formation of carbonium ions at the side-chain α-positions. The results parallel those found for ortho-halogeno-substituents and show that the rules required to describe the effect of ortho-substituents in these reactions are different from those required for electrophilic substitutions; the difference is ascribed to the particular effectiveness of the direct field effect operating between the ortho- and the side-chain α-positions, and any attempt to determine σ+ values from these reactions for application to electrophilic substitutions is invalid. The abnormally high activation by the ortho-benzyl substituent is attributed to interaction between the substituent π-electrons and the incipient carbonium ion.Values of σ0+ have been evaluated as –0·27(4-PhCH2), –0·53(4-PhO), and +0·145(3-PhS), but for the sulphur-containing para-substituents, correlation with electrophilic substitution data is poor, indicating substantial dπ–pπ conjugation in the gas-phase reaction, and this may arise from the absence of solvent.Lithiation of diphenyl sulphide and coupling of the intermediate with acetaldehyde produces ca. 40% of meta-product in contrast to other coupling reactions. Caution is therefore recommended in using lithiation reactions for the preparation of specific isomers.


The Ministerial Consultation called by the WHO Regional Office in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and the World Federation for Medical Education, to implement Recommendation 1 of the A1 Ain Conference,' seeks improved integration of the two systems of health care delivery and medical education. In my capacity as Minister of Health and Medical Education of a country in the Region, I will describe briefly our practical experiences in containing all the medical schools under one Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The Islamic Republic of Iran with an area of 1 648 000 square kilometers and population of about 60 million is divided into 25 provinces. The population is rather young, 45% being under 15 years of age. The age and sex distribution pyramid, in 1991, is shown in Fig. 1. The literacy rate, which was only 47.5% in 1976, reached 62% in 1986, 74% in 1991, and at present it is about 80%. In 1976, the infant mortality rate was 104 per 1000 live births, and life expectancy was 52 years. At present, the IMRis 30 per 1000 live births and life expectancy is up to 69 years. In the 1970s, acceptable medical care was available only in the big cities. Health care centres in small towns and rural areas were run by non-Iranian physicians. The Islamic Revolution of Iran provided the health planners with the opportunity to develop a health care system geared to the needs of the community, the organizational chart of the system at district level is shown in Fig. 2. In the area of education, the 'High Council of the Cultural Revolution' was established by a decree from Imam Khomeini the Founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Council also has the responsibility to set policies and bring about fundamental changes in all cultural aspects. The Council is still under the chairmanship of the President of Islamic Republic of Iran, with the membership of the ministers of health and medical education (MOH &?ME), higher education, and many experts and authorities of the country. The medical group of the Council, which consisted of university professors and health and educational experts gave consideration in detail to the future of health and medical education. The Council finally concluded that one of the main obstacles depriving people of appropriate health care was the fact


Most previous research on document classification assigned only one or two category tags to each document. Furthermore, the tagged items are rarely incorporated into their topic groups in subsequent classification work though it would conceivably enhance classification efficiency. with the modularity method, this research incrementally adds the classified documents to their topic groups after the recognition process to examine the changes in grouping quality. the result shows that social network analysis demonstrates great potential for automatic document classification, especially in identifying citation networks embedded in research papers and reference lists. a modified TF-IDF technique calculates the weight of each keyword in the topic groups. All the papers under study are collected from three journals in IEEE Computer Society collection published from 1979 to 2011.


Abstract During 12 months of age babies expect a person to reach for an object that the person is looking at with positive affect rather than for another object to which the person is not attending. The present study was undertaken with the objectives to assess the level of cognitive development of urban and rural babies during the age of one to two years. Cognitive development index of 200 babies (100 males and 100 females) over the age groups of 12 to 24 months was assessed to find out differences for age groups and gender. Analysis of variance for mental development index (MDI) due to age was significant indicating diffreences in the level of mental development in the babies under investigation. Non significant mean squares for grnder revealed that the mental development level of male and female babies was almost equal. In addition, non significant interaction of age x gender further suggested that development of cognitive process with increase og of age was similar in both male and female basbies. Considerable differences in mental level were observed for all the age groups studied for both boys and girls in both areas. With regard to gender, boys were at par with girls for all the age groups. Interaction of age and gender revealed that there was no differential increase in boys and girls over the age groups studied.


The Republican Nationalist Party (RNP) had a statute and an organizational structure similar to other Portuguese republican parties. The Directory was the supreme governing organism, assisted by the Administrative Commission, the body in charge of the bureaucracy. At the central level there was the Advisory Board and the Parliamentary Group. Regionally the RNP was organized according to the country's administrative structure. The party network was comprehensive, but distant from the main party of the regime – the Portuguese Republican Party, known as Democratic Party. The RNP had a simple organizational apparatus, typical of cadre parties, still without the list of employees that characterized the mass parties rising in Europe. The organization was based on a large number of notables and local political leaders, linked by kinship ties and clienteles. In short, although 1 Trabalho desenvolvido no âmbito de UID/HIS/00057/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007702), FCT/Portugal, COMPETE, FEDER, Portugal2020. https://doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_16_16


The invention discloses a wind power air compressor, comprising a wind power system and an air compression system. The wind power air compressor is characterized in that natural wind energy is utilized as a power; when wind power blades are moved around a horizontal axis in a circumferential manner under a wind action, a bevel gear and a vertical shaft are driven to rotate, a connecting rod is driven by a crank shaft, so that a relative movement can be produced between a piston and a cylinder body, therefore, an effect of compressing air can be achieved. The wind power air compressor has the advantages that: the compressor cylinder body is arranged on the ground and is convenient to maintain; the wind power blades can be adjusted at any time and orthogonal to a wind direction by a pneumatic direction regulator.


In this paper,a UML profile for Java RMI(Remote Method Invocation) is proposed.How to build such a UML profile, and how systems designers can use it to document Java RMI applications are discussed.


As far as we know, a little research of mining global maximum frequent itemsets has been done. The paper proposed an algorithm for mining global maximum frequent itemsets based on FP-tree, namely, AMGMFI algorithm. AMGMFI algorithm makes computer nodes computed local maximum frequent itemsets independently with DMFIA algorithm, then other computer nodes exchanged data with the center node, finally, global maximum frequent itemsets were gained. AMGMFI required far less communication traffic by the search strategy of top-down. Theoretical analysis and experimental results suggest that AMGMFI algorithm is effective.


This text treats of the questions of teaching-learning in Nursing and expose some reflections about our living as professors in the discipline of Living Learning I in the 1st phase of the Course of Graduation in Nursing of the Santa Catarina Federal University – UFSC. This discipline goes from the experience of the students, and the teacher is the learning facilitater. As professors we need to propitiate participative spaces of pedagogycal reflection that allow to the students a sensible and critical-criative formation. It presents in its metodology, dynamics to be realized with the student in manner that they can develop the self-knowledge, criativity, verbal and non-verbal expression. By end, it points that the experiences lived by them unleash significative changes in the formation of the nurse and that the teaching-learning process must be followed togheter – teacher and student.


The act of swallowing is a complex sequence of anatomical and physiological phenomena, which, although often influenced by neurologic disease, has rarely been studied by neurologists. Detailed manometric studies of esophageal motility have previously been reported in neurologic patients, 1-3 and a variety of abnormalities have been described. The purposes of this communication are to introduce another technique, cinefluorography, for the study of swallowing in neurologic illness and to report and discuss the findings observed in 35 patients. Materials and Methods All observations were performed with the cinefluoroscopic equipment of the Radiology Department. Almost all patients were studied while they stood erect, although a few were investigated while supine or in either lateral decubitus position. Barium paste was utilized as contrast medium, except for patients who were known to aspirate liquids. Thin barium suspensions or meglumine diatrizoate (Gastrografin) were used in these patients. Fluoroscopic observations of swallowing were made of


In the article, the phenomenon of cyberstalking is presented through the differentiation from convenient stalking (stalking without the usage of cyberspace). Moreover, cyberstalkers and their victims are characterised by distinguishing their prevalent features and interaction. Authors discuss national as well as international measures of legal response to cyberstalking crimes.


Pyrrole (III), pyridine (V), benzofuran (VII), pyrazole [(IX), (XI)] and triazole derivatives (XIII) having a cyclopropyl substituent are synthesized starting from title compound (I).


Abstract The application of flexible polymer nanocomposites for food packaging to inactivate microorganisms associated with foods is the demand of the present-day food industry to assure quality throughout the packaging operation. The utilization of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) assisted zinc oxide nanocomposite for food stuff packaging has been very attractive in the recent past. Nanostructured ZnO was synthesized at optimized pH (10.5) from different ratios of zinc acetate and Moringa oleifeira leaf extract (1:7, 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1). ZnO coated polyvinyl alcohol (ZnO/PVA) nanocomposites were prepared from 5, 9, 13 and 16% by wt of ZnO and PVA using solution casting method. The thermal stability of ZnO synthesized with 1:1 ratio at pH 10.5 was investigated with TGA/DTA. The analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultra-violate visible analysis (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used for the characterization of the synthesized ZnO and ZnO/PVA nanocomposites (NCs). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized ZnO and ZnO/PVA NCs were evaluated against gram negative E. coli and gram positive S. aureus bacteria. The electrochemical stability of ZnO/PVA NCs was also investigated by cyclic voltammetric (CV) method. The thermogram of ZnO indicated that the oxide was found to be stable even beyond 500°C. The SEM analysis revealed rod shaped morphology for synthesized ZnO from 1:1 ratio at pH 10.5. But the nanocomposite prepared with 5% of ZnO of (1:1) at the same pH exhibited uniformly dispersed rod-shaped particle on the surface as well as in matrix of polyvinyl alcohol film. According to XRD result, ZnO synthesized with more percentage of plant extract resulted in the small size crystallites while that with low percentage of plant extract resulted in the larger crystallite size. The antibacterial inhibition efficiency of ZnO/PVA NCs was better and found to increase with increase in the amount of ZnO.


let x= (x1, i , x,) and f= (fi, fn), and suppose that f is of class Cl. A set, Q, of points x will be called unrestricted if, whenever a point xo is in Q, the solution path x = x(t), where x0 = x(0), exists for o 0 a 8 = be> 0 such that x(t)-y(t) I 0 a 8=8e>0 such that jx(t)-y(t)j <e whenever y(t) is in Q and Ix(to)-y(to)I <8 holds for some value t=to, oo <to< oo. Of course, in both types of stability, the number 8 depends not only on e but also on the particular solution x(t) considered. The notion of A-stability is that associated with Minding, Dirichlet (in the case of equilibrium solutions), and Liapounoff [5, pp. 98-99; 3, pp. 210-211]. The B-stability was considered by Hartman and Wintner [i]. It is easy to see that a solution which is B-stable is surely A-stable. The converse is false however. In fact, one need only consider the single differential equation (nn 1)


Detrital zircon U–Pb ages of Lower Cambrian and Middle Devonian have been determined for sandstone in Estonia through LA-ICP-MS (Nu instruments, Wrexham, UK). Both sandstones have a similar zircon age spectrum with distinct age clusters that reflect the basement geology of Baltica, i.e. 2800–2700 Ma (Kola–Karelia), 1900–1700 Ma (Svecofennian), 1600–1500 Ma (Rapakivi) and 1200–1000 Ma (Sveconorwegian). Noteworthy is a cluster at 750–550 Ma, because rocks of such age are absent within the core of Baltica. The present results suggest a possible link between Baltica and Avalonia/Cadomia during the Late Neoproterozoic.


In addition to grain drying on the farm, food processing of oats involves heat treatments at the mill with
temperatures up to 100.C and moisture contents from 9.5% to 18%. Addition of heat and water may modify the viscoelastic
properties of the grains and influence product quality. Oat grains were sanded into uniformly thick pieces and tested using
dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) over a range of temperatures (-20.C to 100.C). Heating oats decreases their stiffness,
as indicated by a decrease in storage modulus (E') until 36.C to 57.C. Thereafter, E' increases until 100.C. Moisture also
affects E'; at water activities from 0.114 to 0.443, it increases stiffness. However, at higher water activities, it has a plasticizing
effect. The effect of reheating on E' was markedly different, and the value of E' at the start of the measurement was higher
than at the start of first heating, suggesting that heating caused a permanent change in the macromolecular structure. These
results suggest that changes in the mechanical properties may occur even at grain drying temperatures.


The contents of the EEC Directive 89/48/CEE concerning the recognition of diplomas of higher education, which outlines the conditions by which there will be freedom to practice one's own profession in any member country, as foreseen by the Treaty, are outlined. The author then considers the Directive with regard to the Italian situation and in particular to that of librarians


Direct-conversion receivers have become popular in radio-frequency (RF) circuit design for their advantages of low cost, low power consumption, and fewer chip components over other architectures such as heterodyne receivers. However, the direct-conversion receiver architecture often suffers from direct current (dc) offset, which is a consequence of the imperfect direct-conversion process. In this paper, we study the effects of dc offset on the symbol error rate (SER) performance of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in multipath Rayleigh fading channels. Since OFDM system performance is sensitive to carrier frequency offset (CFO), the CFO must be estimated and compensated at the receiver. Due to CFO compensation, the dc offset caused by direct-conversion receivers and/or mixed-signal circuits no longer only affects the dc subcarrier and is spread over all subcarriers. By deriving the analytical SER formulas for OFDM systems with various modulation formats, the dependency of SER on dc offset and CFO is clearly quantified. These SER formulas can help system designers determine suitable specifications of RF components and understand whether digital DC offset compensation is necessary or not. Finally, we propose and analyze a simple DC offset estimation and cancellation scheme under the assumption that DC offset holds constant in one OFDM symbol duration. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DC offset-cancellation scheme.


This computational study shows, for the first time, a clear transition to two-dimensional Hopf bifurcation for laminar incompressible flows in symmetric plane expansion channels. Due to the well-known extreme sensitivity of this study on computational mesh, the critical Reynolds numbers for both the known symmetry-breaking (pitchfork) bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation were investigated for several layers of mesh refinement. It is found that under-refined meshes lead to an overestimation of the critical Reynolds number for the symmetry breaking and an underestimation of the critical Reynolds number for the Hopf bifurcation.


A b s t r a c t : The genus Scaphodius is revised. A neotype is designated for Cryptocephalus striaticollis M ONTROUZIER 1861. Lectotypes are designated for Scaphodius comptus CHAPUIS 1874, Scaphodius pictipennis FAUVEL 1907 and Nyetra forcipata BALY 1877. Eigth new species from the mainland of New Caledonia are described, Scaphodius amieus nov.sp., S. bituberculatus nov.sp., S. complanatus nov.sp., S. gibbosus nov.sp., S. joliveti nov.sp., S. megalognathus nov.sp., S. montrouzieri nov.sp. and S. suffriani nov.sp. The lectotype of Nyetra forcipata is redescribed, and the following synonymy is suggested: Scaphodius CHAPUIS 1874 = Nyetra BALY 1877. Scaphodius compactus SHARP from New Zealand is removed from Scaphodius, i.e. Ditropidus compactus (SHARP) comb.nov. Scaphodius was found to be endemic to New Caledonia. A determination key and a distribution map to the species of Scaphodius is presented. A check-list of New Caledonian Cryptocephalinae as well as a key to genera is given. K e y w o r d s : Taxonomy, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalini, Monachulina, New Caledonia, Cryptocephalus, Diachus, Ditropidus, Monachus, Nyetra.


Compound powder was prepared from quartz powder coated with titanium dioxide by a chemical deposition method.The effects of reaction temperature, hydrolysis time,seeds and the surfactant in TiOSO4—H2O—SiO2 system on coating were studied,and the morphology,composition and surface functional groups of the compound powder were characterized by SEM,XRD and IR,respectively.The results show that well coated compound powder can be obtained using self-growing seed during chemical deposition in the presence of surfactant and under optimized reaction conditions at hydrolysis temperature of 95 ℃,lasting 5 hours for the quartz powder TiOSO4 water solution system.The whiteness of derived compound powder is up to 93.4.The compact anatase titanium dioxide is coated on the surface of kernel quartz powder,and the kernel and shell components are linked by chemical bond which results in the high coating intensity.


Objective: Regarding the global pandemic scenario, the aim of this article is not only to describe the old and current outlines of the civil public managers' responsibilities but also understanding at which level they are responsible by their choices and legal motivations, as well as when they can be considered responsible under contemporary circumstances. Even though the initial hypothesis is the most varied from common perception, the real answer to the problem comes from scientific research. Methodology: Considering the dogmatic methodology of deductive and exploratory research, in which the construction of concepts in legislation, doctrine, and jurisprudence. Result: It will be demonstrated – in a concise and structured way – that the motivation of public agents' decisions is very important to determine the degree and how they will take responsibilities. Contribution: The article represents an innovative and highly relevant theoretical tool in view of the COVID-19 pandemic context, explored in the national academic debate, to understand the process of interpretation and accountability of public agents. The present study, therefore, may be of great value to guide the application of the device in this specific context. © 2021, Centro Universitario Curitiba - UNICURITIBA. All rights reserved.


Purpose – The purpose of this research is to explore the interaction between organisational affordances for the development of individuals' capability, and the engagement of workers at various levels with those opportunities.Design/methodology/approach – A case study of a large New Zealand wine company, using in‐depth interviews. Interviews were held with staff at all levels working in the vineyards or winery – the two core functions of the organisation. Transcripts were analysed drawing on Billet's notion of workplace affordances, Fuller and Unwin's restrictive‐expansive continuum, and the concept of proactive personality.Findings – Development opportunities were differentially experienced according to level in the organisational hierarchy and function, with those higher in the organisation experiencing a more expansive environment than those in lower‐level jobs. However, where individuals were proactive, a seemingly restrictive development environment was experienced as far more expansive; just as a pot...


In this paper, a state-of-the-art review of electro cardiographic (ECG) signal modelling techniques is presented. The mathematical Gaussian modelling is selected as the best technique to generate realastic ECG signals regarding its ability to preserve relevant information of ECG databases signals. The generated Gaussian ECG signal model is applied to a level-crossing converter to measure the accuracy and the efficiency of sampling and to evaluate the effects of the signal noise on the sampling paradigm. The performances of the conversion were evaluated in terms of quality of the reconstructed signal. A percentage root mean square difference (PRD) around 2 % is obtained. It is shown that the LC-ADC is robust against respiratory and movement noise. However, for low signal distortions the electromyogram (EMG) noise should not exceed 20 μν which is less than IEC 60601-2-47 specifications.


Basirotyleptus upicus n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of grasses from Uttar Pradesh, India. It is close to B. basiri and B. penetrans but is distinguished by having a longer and narrower body and a longer oesophagus and tail. B. soueastus n.sp. (male unknown) is described from soil around the roots of durin [? Durio zibethinns] trees from Penang, Malaysia. It differs from B. caudatus and B. lieberi, to which it is close, in size of body, odontostyle, odontophore, tail and in the mono-opisthodelphic gonad. Dorylaimoides micoletzkyi is recorded from India for the first time. D. ilyasi n.sp. is described from soil around the roots of Artocarpus heterophyllus from Penang, Malaysia. It is close to D. constrictus and D. brevidens but is characterized by body, oesophagus, spicule, tail and amphidal aperture size and by the position of the vulva. Tylencholaimus innebus n.sp. (male unknown) is described from soil around the roots of mosses and ferns from the Jhoolaghat hills, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is distinguished from T. teres and T. crassus, to which it is close, by body and oesophagus size, vulva position, the smaller odontostyle and the long filiform tail.


Proton and antiproton collisions with atomic hydrogen are investigated using the atomic-orbital close-coupling method. After a suitable transformation, the method leads to coupled three-dimensional momentum-space integral equations for the half-off-shell scattering amplitudes. These equations are further reduced to two-dimensional ones using the symmetry properties of the transition amplitudes. The resulting equations are solved directly without partial-wave expansion. The total and differential cross sections for electron transfer in proton collisions with the ground state of atomic hydrogen are calculated. The contribution of off-shell effects is fully taken into account and shown to be significant. We find that the off-shell effects can both increase or decrease the cross sections substantially depending on energy. At high energies as much as a half of the total electron transfer cross section comes from the off-shell effects. This contradicts classical and iterative estimates which predict the off-shell effects to be small. The significance of the off-shell effects in elastic scattering of protons falls with increasing energy to the estimated levels. The calculated cross section results agree well with experiment over a wide energy range. The total and differential cross sections for elastic scattering of antiprotons are also calculated and compared with the corresponding results for protons. Above 200 keV there is practically no difference between the cross sections for scattering of protons or antiprotons. The off-shell effects for elastic scattering of antiprotons are generally smaller than those for scattering of protons.


The drastic change in the terms of technology has indeed change human's life. Everything has become dependent to internet, including in doing the transaction. Since the emergence of e-money, human are no longer relying on cash in order to do transactions among each other. From the card type of emoney, and now all of the transactions can be done within just clicking on the phone. This research is influenced by previous research which looks for the effect of e-service quality and perceived value on brand trust, mediated by customer e-satisfaction.

"The Impact of E-service Quality and Perceived Value on OVO's Brand Trust Mediated by Customer E-satisfaction in Surabaya" is conducted to understand the impact of e-service quality, perceived value on OVO's brand trust in Surabaya, by using customer e-satisfaction as the mediator. This research is using quantitative method of study, with 150 total respondents age 17 years old or more, have used OVO application, and currently living in Surabaya.

Respondents will complete the questionnaire given using the google form. Researcher use Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS 3.0 as the tool in this research. This study finds that E-service Quality has significant impact on OVO's Perceived Value; E-service Quality has significant impact on
OVO's Customer E-satisfaction; Perceived Value has significant impact on OVO's Customer E-satisfaction; Customer E-satisfaction has significant impact on OVO's Brand Trust; Customer E-satisfaction mediated the relationship between OVO's E-service Quality and Brand Trust; and Customer E-satisfaction mediated the relationship between OVO's Perceived Value and Brand Trust.

Keyword: E-service Quality, Perceived Value, Customer E-satisfaction, Brand Trust


ABSTRACT Conceptual design synthesis is the core and starting phase of the design process. During this phase, the designers should deal with a large number of design resources to construct conceptual systems which meet the functional requirement. Therefore, a conceptual design synthesis approach based on series-parallel function unit structure is proposed as an assistant tool for the designers. This approach can help the designers completing the conceptual design synthesis of simple design missions or elementary functional modules of complex design missions with series-parallel-structured synthesis results. A corresponding computer programme is established as an implementation, and the conceptual design synthesis of the mechanical part of a friction-abrasion testing machine is completed with this programme to prove the practicability of this proposed approach.


In Computational Learning Theory, a binary concept is often represented by a set of pairs (x, `), where x varies over a set of instances known as a universe or instance space, and ` is a label, either "+" or "−", indicating whether or not x belongs to the concept. This thesis will consider a type of machine learning task known as supervised learning, where an algorithm M is fed with a set of labelled data for a target concept belonging to a given class of concepts, andM produces a hypothesis function that is used to accurately predict the correct labels of unseen instances. The learning process typically involves two agents, a teacher and a learner. The task of a teacher is to provide labelled examples for a target concept to a learner, who in turn makes a hypothesis based on the seen data. The present thesis focusses on the teacher's role; specifically, the question: given any concept class C and a learning algorithm M, what is the minimum number of labelled examples needed by M to exactly identify any given concept belonging to C? This quantity may be conceived as a measure of the information complexity or teaching complexity of C. Our work will study the teaching complexity of three related families of concept classes: the linear sets and some of its subclasses, the non-erasing pattern languages


The overall objectives of this work are to (1) refine and update an existing soot formation model and (2) incorporate this soot model into a code describing a laminar, opposed jet diffusion flame. To help advance the understanding of chemical limitations of PAH formation in the soot model, phenylacetylene has been pyrolyzed in a single-pulse shock tube. The formation of PAH's from aromatic-aromatic reactions have been observed and evidence has been obtained for isomerization (equilibration) among polyaromatic species. Thermodynamics of high molecular weight PAH's have been calculated. Benzene production and radiation phenomena have been modeled and where possible these calculations have been compared to experimental results. A sectional aerosol model has been added to the diffusion flame code as well as related subroutines on soot formation, growth, and oxidation and the debugging of the code is nearly complete. Comparisons of the sectional model and a global soot formation model have been made for premixed flames.... Soot formation modeling, Band radiation, Phenylacetylene pyrolysis, Formation mechanisms and thermodynamics of polycyclic hydrocarbons, Soot formation in diffusion flames.


The correctness of BPEL process is getting more and more attentions.As a concurrent supported language,improper or incorrect use of concurrent and synchronization may cause intra-processes or inter-processes deadlock,which is a kind of common concurrent defects seriously affect reliability and availability of system.Even more serious,for the critical-task system,such deadlock will cause a serious consequence.So,based on analysis of BPEL and deadlock characters,we propose a detecting method in the design phase,reducing system maintenance costs,improving process reliability.This paper presents a method from the overall analysis view to resolve the above problems,combing the execution context information among processes,so the communication deadlock can be detected.This method is also applicable to other defects that related to the inter-processes.


Sulfide glasses of 50GaS3/2⋅20GeS2⋅20LaS3/2⋅10LnSn/2 (Ln=rare earth ions, n=2 for Eu and 3 for other ions) compositions have been prepared. The wavelength dispersions in the Faraday effect of the glasses have been examined. Glasses containing LaS3/2 and YS3/2 have positive Verdet constants in the wavelength region from 550 to 850 nm, and the magnitude of the Verdet constants decreases with increasing wavelength. On the other hand, the Verdet constants of glasses containing Eu2+ and Ce3+ are negative, and the absolute magnitude of the Verdet constants decreases with increasing wavelength. The effective transition wavelengths of glasses containing various paramagnetic rare‐earth ions have been calculated based on the Van Vleck and Hebb theory. Factors determining the Verdet constants of these glasses are discussed.


There is described a method of forming a barrier layer (6, 110) over a surface of a copper line (3, 107) embedded in a dielectric material (2, 100) in an interconnect structure for a semiconductor device. The barrier layer (6, 110) is selectively deposited over the surface of the copper line (3, 107) by a vapour deposition step and the surface of the dielectric material (2, 100) is treated prior to the vapour deposition step to inhibit deposition of the barrier layer (6, 110) there on during the vapour deposition step. Preferably, the vapour deposition step comprises atomic layer deposition.


There exists a sharp conflict between the large amount of multicast addresses required in distributed virtual environment and the multicast address finiteness.In this paper,a novel multicast address allocation approach based on the interest constrains is proposed,which operates the allocation process with a seeding model.The initiation and run-time process of seeding model carry out the static and dynamic multicast address allocations individually.This paper combines 2-dimension lattice and PR quadtree structure to design the spatial data structure of seeding model and presents the adaptive growing and pruning algorithms for dynamic allocation,together with the searching algorithm for rapid searching the multicast address for a location.Algorithm analysis and performance experiments show that this approach has high efficiency and reach the requirements for multicast address allocation and search in large-scale distributed virtual environment.In the end a brief introduction to the implementation of this approach in BH-RTI,a run-time infrastructure,for distributed simulation is given.


The tensile properties of Hastelloy N have been determined after irradiation at 700° C to a dose level of 7 × 1020 n/cm2 (E > 1 MeV) and 9 × 1020 n/cm2 (thermal). The strength and ductility of the ...


Two patients with blurred vision and a bitemporal hemianopia mimicking condition as caused by parasellar tumors are presented. Normal high-resolution CT scans, normal endocrine functions, slight pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid, and a one to two year follow-up with complete recovery of symptoms suggest a non-compressive lesion, probably chiasmal optic neuritis. The differential diagnosis of bitemporal hemianopia will be discussed.


We demonstrate the utility of [16 alpha-125I]iodoestradiol for thaw-mount autoradiography with 2 micron and 4 micron thick sections of rat and mouse uterus, pituitary, and brain after in vivo administration. Under the conditions of the experiments, short-term autoradiography with exposure times between 3 and 14 days provides optimal cellular resolution, whereas long-term autoradiography with 1-2 months of exposure may be used to obtain topographic-regional surveys of distribution.


Guidance at the elementary school level has long been a topic of discussion and concern but not until recently has the implementation of guidance programs at this level received a great deal of attention. Among the many unresolved problems in the initiation and progressive development of programs is the one concerning an optimum ratio of counselors to pupils in the elementary schools. The American School Counselor Association (1959) has, for example, recommended a counselor-pupil ratio of 1:450 at the elementary school level. The Iowa State Department of Public Instruction is using a 1:750 ratio in its pilot programs. Warner (1966) uses a figure midway between these a 1:600 ratio to project a need for nearly 54,000 elementary school counselors in the schools in 1969-70 to meet an expected enrollment of 34,125,000 pupils. Ultimately, any counselor-pupil ratio that is to be meaningful must be based upon the services to be performed by the counselor. Since these services are basically aimed at facilitating the development of children, the number of children experiencing problems and the types of problems manifested would appear