The Republic of St Peter. The birth of the Papal State, 680-825. By Thomas F. X. Noble. Pp. xxix + 374 + maps. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984. $38. Historians of the medieval papacy have been wont to concentrate on the development of the papacy as an institution, on the formulation of papal ideology and on the popes' relations with different parts of Christendom. Professor Noble's focus, however, is on the local history of the early medieval popes as rulers of their own autonomous territory. He aims to make a contribution to our understanding of early medieval Italy rather than attempt to provide a 'total' history of the papacy. Noble thus provides a new context for studying papal history and a new chronological scope. His starting point is 680, when there is the first clear evidence of an Italian move away from obedience to Byzantium. He documents the gradual emancipation of Italy from Byzantium and the transformation of the papal territories into a state, the 'Republic of St Peter'. Noble justifies the use of such apparently modern terms as state and republic by recourse both to contemporary terminology and to the invocation of'state' in the sense of a separate political entity, capable of self-government from its own institutions. It is the emergence of the papal state in these terms with which this book is concerned. The exposition is divided into two main sections. The first provides an analytical narrative to c. 800. Noble contests the Byzantine view of papal history, namely that Italy and Rome's independent responses to Byzantium determined the course of their development, as well as the ' Frankish view' that sees the papal state created by the Carolingians between 754 and 756. He stresses rather that the emergence of the republic was an Italian response to Italian problems, not least that of the Lombards. There are useful discussions of the territorial settlements of the later eighth century, of the internal politics of Rome and Italy, and of relations with the Byzantine exarchate of Ravenna. There is a major re-evaluation of Franco-papal relations, considered in a number of different contexts in the earlier chapters and dealt with at length in the last two. Noble makes particularly interesting suggestions about the role and activity of the Anglo-Saxon missionary Boniface and clarifies the political undercurrents and tensions of Boniface's missionary work north of the Alps. He does not, however, explore the possible reasons for these tensions, and a rather more sensitive scrutiny of the relevant source material, particularly the letters of Boniface himself, would have been helpful here. The second portion of the book is a thorough survey of papal government and administration, from the popes themselves down to their lowliest officers. Noble stresses that these eighth-century popes were professionals who had come up through the ranks to ascend the papal throne. He suggests that the tradition of clerical service in Rome on the part of the popes was such that the Lateran ' was a great machine that produced generations of clerics marked by a sense of the


Agricultural production systems based on the application of synthetic chemical inputs are changing to more ecological management systems. In this context, rhizosphere microorganisms are considered fundamental to improving soil fertility and providing protection to the host plant. The objective of this study was to perform co-inoculation of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. plants (chayote) with Rhizophagus intraradices and Azospirillum brasilense to reduce Phytophthora capsici damage. The chayote seeds were established in bags, and their inoculation was evaluated alone and in combination with R. intraradices and A. brasilense, in addition to inoculating the stem 14 days after planting with P. capsici. Eight treatments were distributed completely at random, with four repetitions. Morphological and physiological yield variables were recorded at 28, 56, and 84. It was found that S. edule treatment with R. intraradices and A. brasilense increased dry matter allocation in the morphological and physiological performance components. The biomass of plants inoculated with P. capsici and biofertilized with R. intraradices and A. brasilense decreased by 27%, which is relevant, since, under field conditions, plants infected with P. capsici die. Petiole biomass and leaf area decreased during the three evaluation periods with the presence of P. capsici. The other components had a differential response.


A dual antigen, dual isotope assay has been used to monitor the migratory behavior of selectively labeled anti-allogeneic lymphocytes in mice given an i.v. challenge with semiallogeneic spleen cells. 3H-labeled anti-C3H and 14C-labeled anti-C57BL lymphocytes of DBA/2J origin were pooled and adoptively transferred to two groups of DBA/2J recipients previously challenged i.v. with either (C3H × DBA)F1 or (C57BL × DBA)F1 semi-allogeneic spleen cells. After 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr, a subgroup of four mice from each group were sacrificed and the relative numbers of anti-C3H and anti-C57BL lymphocytes present in the spleens, bone marrows, livers, lymph nodes, intestines, lungs, and bloods of each mouse were inferred from the mean 3H/14C ratios of each tissue of that subgroup. The results of these studies indicated that specific anti-allogeneic lymphocytes were selectively recruited to the spleens, bone marrows, and livers of challenged mice and deleted from their lymph nodes, lungs, intestines, and blood. Similar studies with labeled marker cells enriched for T lymphocytes (and free of macrophages) and labeled marker cells depleted of T lymphocytes with anti-Thy 1.2 serum plus complement indicated that the cells selectively recruited to the spleen, bone marrow, and liver were predominantly but not exclusively T lymphocytes. A direct demonstration of selective recruitment of specifically reactive lymphocytes to bone marrow and liver has not been previously described. The significance and implications of these findings are discussed.


Through variation of the surfactant content, the type of surfactant used as well as the oil/water ratio, microemulsions with tailor-made application properties such as transparency, viscosity, refatting effect and foaming behavior can be produced


The effect of different contents of Ti on mechanical properties in A356 alloy was researched in this study. The results reveal that the variation is not following the law that the more the content of Ti is, the better the tensile strength and hardness would be in the range of 0% to 7.5% Ti. However, the mechanical properties undergo improving first as the content of Ti is less than 0.3% and then reducing with the addition of Ti. Based on the different contents of Ti, the tensile fracture surfaces are studied to verify the effect of different contents of Ti, It is concluded that the variations of tensile fracture surfaces are in accordance with those of mechanical properties.


Extraction of the two-port scattering matrix of a probe-excited semiinfinite waveguide based on moment method solutions of three short-circuited guides is presented. Results show that this solution (1) provides an easy way to determine the two-port scattering matrix of probe-excited waveguide problems, and (2) enables the accurate determination of the loading effects of the probe on the resonant frequencies of unperturbed cavities. Both of these provide a key to the design of input/output cavities of waveguide filters. Agreement with experimental data is excellent for loose-coupled probe-excited semiinfinite waveguide problems.<<ETX>>


The encryption method includes steps: based on random number of cryptographic key current obtained, generated content key, and algorithm setup for deriving key, encryptor calculates current encryption key; using the current encryption key encrypts data of stream media in living broadcast. The decryption method includes steps: from media transport network, user terminal receives encrypted data of stream media in living broadcast with random number of cryptographic key; based on random number of cryptographic key carried by data of stream media in living broadcast, content key sent from copyright center, and algorithm setup in advance for deriving key, user terminal calculates current decryption key; based on the said current decryption key, the user terminal decrypts the encrypted data of stream media in living broadcast. The invention raises difficulty of obtaining cryptographic key to be used in encryption and decryption so as to enhance security.


The main goal of the study is to evaluate the effect of the thermal manikin shape on the uncertainty of thermal comfort parameters CFD prediction. Numerical simulation of the airflow and heat transfer was carried out in a model room with displacement ventilation where a standing heated thermal manikin is located (test by P.V. Nielsen et al.). Numerical modelling was carried out using three manikin shapes: the detailed one (close to the human body shape), the simplified (block) one, and the single-parallelepiped shape. The 3D calculations were carried out using the ANSYS Fluent CFD package. Turbulence modelling was performed using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach with the standard k-ε turbulence model. The uncertainties in the CFD-predicted draught rating (DR), percentage dissatisfied caused by vertical air temperature difference (PD), the predicted mean vote (PMV) and the predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD), are discussed. The main result of the paper is the quantitative evaluation of the changes in the local velocity, temperature and thermal comfort parameters due to the thermal manikin shape simplification. It was found that the shape simplifications are suitable if the goal of the study is to predict the integral parameters.


In this paper we demonstrate that multi-modal probability distribution functions (PDFs) may be efficiently sampled using an algorithm originally developed for numerical integration by Monte Carlo methods. This algorithm can be used to generate an input PDF which can be used as an independence sampler in a Metropolis-Hastings chain to sample otherwise troublesome distributions. Some examples in one, two, and five dimensions are worked out. We also comment on the possible application of our results to event generation in high-energy physics simulations.


(physical and mental), height, weight, dental age. Height is given in inches, weight in pounds. It would be more complete if we had measures in the decimal system, and in stones and feet, as this is current in England. On the whole a very valuable publication and indispensable to all engaged in clinical practice. Bearing in view the excellency of publication and the numerous figures and the permanence of its value, it does not appear expensive, according to our present standards. Both authors are internists, Professors of Medicine and not simply endocrinologists. The importance of their work shows that for clinical science and practice, endocrinology cannot be separated from internal medicine. The advice given some years ago of specializing, not in endocrinology but in one particular gland, should remain as a joke similar to that of the Ancient Greek physicians who, mocking at the ultraspecialization of the Egyptian physicians, maintained that the Egyptians had specialists for the right eye and other specialists for the left eye! A. P. CAWADIAS.


1 Background 2 Microfinance in Nepal 3 Literature Review 4 The Hypothesis 5 Study Design and Methodology 6 The Survey Village 7 Field Survey on Performance of MFI in Two Villages 8 Results of Field Survey 9 Findings 10 Concluding Remarks References


Text mining in art history scholarship can tell us about the discipline itself, as well as artistic concerns at any given moment. The aim of this study is to develop and test a strategy for text mining from PDFs of journal articles that have nonstandard formatting and/or use notes rather than full bibliographies for references. While articles in the natural and social sciences typically adhere to standard formats, art history journals employ a variety of formatting styles that make bulk capture of citation and other textual data from the articles challenging. This study outlines a method by which researchers can extract data from journals articles, using a sample set from art history. Once extracted, the data from PDFs can be used to compare frequently used terms across samples and determine which scholars are most cited in either bibliographies or the main body text of articles. If the structure and layout of individual journals are carefully considered and the data is properly cleaned, a clear picture of the disciplinary influences and dependencies of the scholarship through citations and key terms can be obtained.


The Adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) are markers of chronic low-grade inflammation related-obesity. The aim of this study is to determine correlation between adiponectin level and CRP level in adult obese individual. This study was analyzed  with cross-sectional design of 55 subjects at Dr M Jamil Central Hospital Padang, from January to September 2019. The subjects were group: type I obese (25≤BMI≤29.9 kg/m 2 ) and type II obese (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m 2 ). Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to measure adiponectin and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Potein (Hs-CRP) levels. Univariate statistical analysis is processed and presented in the form of distribution, frequency, mean (standard deviation), median (minimun –maximum value). Bivariate data were analyzed using the pearsons correlation test, significant if p<0.05. the study consists of 16 male and 39 female, the average age was 35 years old (the range 23 to 57 years old), the average BMI was 30.8 (4.5) kg/m 2 . This study consis of 28 subjects type I obese and 27 type II obese. The mean adiponectin level in type II obese is lower than type II obese group. The mean CRP levels are high in all population. Pearson ln-adiponectin and CRP correlation test in the entire population:  r =-0.105 (p=0.444).


Sr atoms are cooled on the /sup 1/S/sub 0/ /spl rarr/ /sup 1/P/sub 1/ transition at 461 nm, which linewidth is 32 MHz. Atoms from a thermal beam are decelerated by a Zeeman slower before capture in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). The MOT is formed by three retro-reflected laser beams of a total power 17 mW and of a waist radius 1 cm. The loading rate is 4 /spl times/ 10/sup 10/ atoms with up to 1.3 /spl times/ 10/sup 9/ atoms in the MOT. To generate 461 nm laser light, sum-frequency mixing of a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm is used and laser diodes at 813 nm in a KTP crystal. The 20 mm long crystal is placed inside a ring cavity resonant for both pump lasers with finesses of 35 at 813 nm and 75 at 1064 nm. With pump powers of 170 mW at 813 nm and 900 mW at 1064 nm, the respective coupling efficiencies are 70% and 35%. A blue light of 115 mW is obtained.


To research the stability of the vertical Bloch lines (VBL) which in the hard magnetic domains (HD) of garnet magnetic bubble film are able to provide the useful help for research and manufacture the Bloch lines storage (BLM). The formation of three kinds of HDs is the premise for the study of the stability of HDs. In this article, the two sorts of ways to form HDs at present, i. e. pulse bias field and low bias field, are summarized. The processes of formation of HDs using pulse bias field and low bias field are simply described for the typical sample of the reference.


Taking a Kaolin mining zone located in Minqing county of Fujian province as an example and on the basis of investigating into eco-environment characteristics of the zone,plants such as Pinus massoniana,Lespedza bicolor,Rhodmyrtus tomentosa,Camellia chinense,Sinocalamus oldhami,Vetiveria zizanioides,Miscanthus floriddulus were selected as pioneering species for vegetation restoration,each with particular treatment.After a period of three years,the growing situation of each plant was determined.The results showed: vegetation of the area where Kaolin mining zone distributed was usually poor;the nutrient condition of abandoned mining area was also poor and the pH value there was relatively low,together making a limiting factor for plants growing;and,when Pinus massoniana,Camellia chinense,Sinocalamus Oldham,Vetiveria zizanioides and Miscanthus floriddulus were chosen and collocated into a community with an arbor-shrub-grass stucture,simultaneously with the disposal of backfilling mellow soil,the plants in the zone would see faster growing,which made it possible to gain sound benefits both ecologically and economically.As the plants are so widely distributed in subtropical region,they should be considered as preferred species for vegetation restoration in Kaolin mining zone of the region.


A class of analytical MHD equilibria in a uniform gravitational field with flows along the magnetic lines is presented. The fieldlines have prominence-like valleys and arcade-type summits where the fields are horizontal. At the valleys the density is maximum and the flow speed subsonic and sub-Alfvenic, while at the summits the density is minimum, and the flow speed supersonic and super-Alfvenic. These solutions may be regarded as an extension of the familiar Kippenhahn-Schluter model for a quiescence solar prominence and models for solar magnetic arcades, by including flows along the magnetic field lines


If we search for a tag "love" on Flickr, we get a wide variety of images: roses, a mother holding her baby, images with hearts, etc. These images are very different from one another and yet depict the same emotion of " love " in them. In this project, we explore the possibility of using deep learning to predict the emotion depicted by an image. Our results look promising and indicate that neural nets are indeed capable of learning the emotion essayed by an image. These kinds of predictions can be used in applications like automatic tag predictions for images uploaded on social media websites and understanding sentiment of people and their mood during/after an election.


This paper examines Percy Bysshe Shelley's designs of the father-daughter incest in his tragedy The Cenci. It proposes that Shelley's deviation from his historical source, concerning Count Cenci's atrocities and Beatrice's characterizations, insinuates the idea of incest as the embodiment of a dark poetics that features identity annihilation and assimilation.


A landmark work of narrative history and the first comprehensive political history of the Vietnam War and the politicians and policymakers who waged it. A Grand Delusion is the first comprehensive single-volume American political history of the Vietnam War. Spanning the years 1945 to 1975, it is the definitive story of the well-meaning, but often misguided, American political leaders whose unquestioning adherence to the crusading, anti-Communist Cold War dogma of the 1950's and 1960's led the nation into its tragic misadventure in Vietnam.At the center of this narrative are seven political leaders-Dwight Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, J. William Fulbright, Mike Mansfield, and George McGovern. During their careers, each occupied center-stage in the nation's debate over U.S. policy in Vietnam.This is a piercing analysis of political currents and an epic tragedy filled with fascinating characters and antagonisms and beliefs that divided the nation.


A retrospective analysis of previous studies examining methyldopa absorption suggested the possibility that the absorption of methyldopa might increase on repeat methyldopa ingestion. A prospective study was undertaken to determine the effect of repeated oral doses of methyldopa on methyldopa absorption. Thirteen healthy subjects ingested single 250 mg methyldopa doses on days 0, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 112; 24 urine samples were collected and analyzed for methyldopa and its major metabolites on each study day and methyldopa plasma levels were measured over 8 hours at days 0 and 56. There were significant increases in the absorption of methyldopa (as estimated by the urinary excretion of methyldopa and the measured metabolites over 24 hours) at day 56 (33.4 ± 8.9%, P < .025) compared with day 0 (26.0 ± 10.8%). There was also a significant increase in renal clearance of unmetabolized methyldopa (62.7 ± 13.6 vs. 99.3 ± 29.1 mL/min, P < .01) and a decrease in the plasma half‐life of methyldopa at day 56 (2.22 ± 0.91 vs. 1.56 ± 0.68 hr, P < .05). There was a tendency toward increases in methyldopa absorption at day 7, 14, 28, and 112. Several possible explanations for the changes in methyldopa disposition are discussed.


In the vākya system of astronomy prevalent in south India, the true longitudes of the Sun, the Moon, the planets, and associated quantities can be directly found using vākyas or mnemonics. The set of vākyas for a specific physical variable presented at regular intervals is essentially a numerical table. The text Karaapaddhati of the Kerala astronomer Putumana Somayāji (ca. 1732 AD) describes methods to obtain the set of vākyas, based on the general principles of Indian astronomy. In particular, it presents the rationale for obtaining the various vākyas pertaining to the Sun, namely 'māsavākyas', 'sakrāntivākyas', 'nakatrasakramaavākyas', and 'yogyādivākyas'. In this article, we explain the procedures outlined in Karaapaddhati to obtain the sets of vākyas pertaining to the Sun.


Based on measuring of the strain of AFRP tendons using optic fiber,the experimental study on measuring the stress of external FRP tendons of bridges using distributed optic fiber is proceeded.The result of circular tension experiment indicates that the correlation coefficient of strains obtained by BOTDR and by displacement gauges could still reach 0.998.On the bending experiment of a T-section bridge model with external prestressed tendons,the strain difference of four segments of one AFRP tendon obtained by BOTDR and by strain gauges is mostly less than 5%.Studies indicate that because single mode optic fiber is soft and thin and easy to be stuck,the strain of tendons can be measured accurately.


Objective A method was developed for the determination of 10 preservatives and bactericides in drinks by HPLC-DAD. Methods The samples were extracted by methanol and purified by solid phase extraction with a C8 SPE column. The analytes were separated on a C18 column,eluted by a gradient elution with 0. 02 mol /L ammonium acetate buffer and methanol,detected by diode assay detector,and quantified by external standard method. Results The calibration curve was linear within the concentration range of 0. 1-10. 0 μg /mL( r≥0. 995 1). The lower limit of detection in drink was 0. 25-1. 0 μg /ml( S /N = 10). The relative recoveries of 10 preservatives-bactericides in fruit juice drinks and carbonated drinks with 3 spiked levels were 74. 1%-94. 1%,and relative standard deviations( RSD) were 5. 3%-15. 1%. Conclusion The method was simple,fast,low detection limit,meet for drinks foods at home and abroad in the above 10 kinds of antiseptic fungicide limited requirements,applicable to 10 kinds of preservatives and bactericides in drinks.


Simple Summary Heat stress induces oxidative stress that negatively affects the fertility rate in farm animals, as it may disrupt normal follicular development and preimplantation embryogenesis. Although indigenous sheep breeds may exhibit adaptation to a certain level in high summer temperatures, their reproductive competence is still compromised under extreme severe heat stress conditions. Thus, the administration of melatonin is suggested, as an antioxidant regime, for improving the fertility rate and redox balance in heat-stressed ewes. The influence of environmental thermal stress in conjunction with melatonin treatment on hematological variables and cortisol secretion was also investigated. In this respect, melatonin seems to enhance the progressive adaptation of indigenous-breed ewes to environmental heat stress. Abstract The preovulatory follicles and preimplantation stage embryos are found to be rather sensitive to heat stress due to their low potential for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of melatonin administration on redox status and hematological variables during the preovulatory period and early stages of embryogenesis in heat-stressed ewes in vivo. Forty Karagouniko-breed ewes were divided in two groups, the melatonin (M, n = 20) group and control (C, n = 20) one. All animals were subjected to heat stress throughout the study, which lasted forty days (D0 to D40). In M group, melatonin implants were administered on D0. Then, oestrous synchronization was applied (D19-D33). On D34, six rams were introduced into the ewe flock for mating. Ultrasonographic examination was conducted on D73 for pregnancy diagnosis. The temperature humidity index (THI), the rectal temperature (RT), and the number of breaths per minute (BR) were evaluated twice daily. Redox biomarkers, namely total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were assayed in blood samples collected on D0, D33, and D40. In addition, packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cells (WBCs), leukocyte differential count, and cortisol assessment were conducted in blood samples on D33 and D40. The results indicated improved fertility rate and mean number of lambs born per ewe due to improved redox status (p < 0.05) in ewes that received melatonin implants 34 days approximately before the onset of oestrus. The PCV decreased in both groups between the two time-points (p < 0.05). However, the NEU/LYMPH ratio decreased (p < 0.05) only in group M. The low cortisol levels and the decreased NEU/LYMPH ratio in both groups support the hypothesis that ewes of the indigenous Karagouniko breed may exhibit adaptation to environmental thermal stress. The administration of melatonin as an antioxidant regime may improve the reproductive competence of heat stressed ewes and may also enhance their ability to adapt at high ambient temperatures.


The title compound was prepared crystallizing together the co-formers namely, 2,4-diamino-6phenyl-1,3,5-triazine (DAPT) and phenylthioacetic acid (PTAA) in methanol. The compound crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Pca21 with a = 12.384(2) Å, b = 18.698 (3) Å, c = 7.0428(11) Å, V = 1630.8(5) Å, and Z = 4. The compound existed as a 1:1 cocrystal. The dihedral Original Research Article Kumaresan et al.; AJOCS, 2(4): 1-11, 2017; Article no.AJOCS.32615 2 angle between the two formers is 50.89(9)°. The primary and secondary interactions between DAPT and PTAA form two different discrete chains C(3) that link the DAPT ribbons in adjacent layer. Mass spectra indicate the transfer of a carboxylic acid proton to form PTAA to the nitrogen of DAPT.


We fabricated zinc oxide-carbonyl iron composite nanopparticles by high-energy ball milling and studied their electromagnetic parameters at frequency range of 0-20GHz.With prolonging the ball milling time,the particle size of absorber decreases,and the intensity of absorption peak increases.Comparison of absorbing properties,between different samples indicated that ZnO as a kind of dielectric material covering carbonyl iron particles,makes the absorption spectrum extend to the lower frequency,and enhance absorption obviously.The 30h-milled 3mm-thickness sample of ZnO-carbonyl iron has 10.8GHz bandwidth of-5dB,5.1GHz bandwidth of-8dB,and maximum absorbing peak of-30dB.


In the recent years, 3D Face recognition has emerged as a major solution to deal with the unsolved issues for reliable 2D face recognition, i.e. lighting condition and viewpoint variations. However, 3D method is currently limited by its registration and computation cost. In this paper, we propose to investigate a solution named asymmetric face recognition scheme, enrolling people in 3D environment but performing identification in 2D. The goal is to limit the use of 3D data to where it really helps to improve recognition performances. In our approach, Local Binary Patterns (LBP) is used as an efficient facial representation for both 2D texture images and 3D range images. A weighted Chi square distance is used as matching score between the 2D LBP facial representations; Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) is applied to learn the mapping between LBP-based range face images (3D) and LBP facial texture images (2D). Both matching scores are further fused to obtain the final result. Compared with the traditional 2D/2D algorithms, the proposed asymmetric face recognition scheme achieves better accuracy; while avoiding the high cost of data acquisition and computation in 3D/3D approaches.


Introduction: Prostatic carcinoma accounts for 10% of cancer deaths in adults. And, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is benign enlargement of the prostate gland and is the most common disorder in elderly males. Gleason Score is the gold standard for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. Material & Methods: This study was conducted over a period of 5 years on TURP chips, biopsies and prostatectomy specimens. Results: According to International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) 2005, maximum cases 15/41 (36.5%) had 3+4 score and according to ISUP 2014, Grade Group 2 had the maximum frequency of 15/41 cases (36.5%). Conclusion: The use of newly emerged Gleason Grade Grouping system (ISUP 2014) has led to reduced stress and confusion about the grades among the patients regarding prostate carcinoma.


This paper examines how increases in regulatory uncertainty may affect employment and presents empirical evidence that the employment effects of regulatory uncertainty are unequal for workers with different levels of educational attainment. VAR estimations suggest that a regulatory uncertainty shock leads to a more persistent and larger drop in employment at lower education levels. This finding is consistent with the expectation of unequal real-options effects of uncertainty due to heterogeneous adjustment costs.


On the basis of the regional characteristics of Dongjiang River Basin,and the current social and economic development,this study established classification standard of water security.Analytic Hierarchy Process(APH) was adopted to determine the weight of every index.The multi-grade fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used for safety evaluation of water sources in Dongjiang River Basin.It concluded that during 2000~2007 the level of water security in the Dongjiang River Basin tended to decrease.


Objective : To evaluate the wound healing activity of the leaf extracts and deoxyelephantopin isolated from Elephantopus scaber Linn. Materials and Methods : The effect of aqueous ethanol extracts and the isolated compound deoxyelephantopin from E. scaber Linn. (Asteraceae) was evaluated on excision, incision, and dead space wound models in rats. The wound-healing activity was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, period of epithelialization, skin-breaking strength, weight of the granulation tissue, and collagen content. Histological study of the granulation tissue was carried out to know the extent of collagen formation in the wound tissue. Results : The ethanol extract and the isolated constituent deoxyelephantopin of E. scaber promoted wound-healing activity in all the three wound models. Significant ( P Conclusion : The wound-healing activity was more significant in deoxyelephantopin-treated animals.


Objective
To investigate the influence of knocking down Ezrin expression in combination with HSP70-induced immune killing on the apoptosis and proliferation of mouse osteosarcoma cells.

Methods
Human osteosarcoma cell line MG63 was cultured, the HSP70 and Ezrin-shRNA DNA fragments were cloned into the expression vector pGFP-V-RS containing CMV and pU6 promoters, and constructed the expression vector pGFP-V-RS-shRNA and pGFP-V-RS-shRNA-HSP70. The vectors were transfected into MG63 cell line, respectively. The status of transfected MG63 cells was observed by fluorescent microscope. The expressions of Ezrin and HSP70 were examined by real time RT-PCR and Western blot. Flow cytometry、MTS test was used to detect the changes of cell apoptosis and proliferation, and changes of the expression of apoptosis and cell cycle related proteins was detected by Western blot. The specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were induced by HSP70, and its killing effect on target MG63 tumor cells was analyzed by MTT assay.

Results
The specific vector simultaneously knocking down Ezrin and overexpressing HSP70 was constructed for the first time in China and confirmed by fluorescence microscope and gene/protein expression analysis. Compared to Ezrin knock-down alone, simultaneous HSP70 overexpression partially recovered the promoted cellular apoptosis and proliferation suppression by Ezrin knock-down, however, when compared to the normal control, the apoptosis rate of LM8 cells was still significantly increased from 11.01%±0.22% to 24.28%±0.50%, while the proliferation rate decreased from 395.14%±2.24% to 310%± 2.83%. In addition, Western detected that Ezrin-shRNA could promote the expression of Bax. However, the expression of Ezrin-shRNA could reduce the Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1. Ezrin-shRNA/HSP70 also has the same effect. MTT assays revealed that the CTL cytotoxic effect on target MG63 tumor cells at all concentrations were significantly higher in CT+IL-2+HSP70 group compared with that in CT+ IL-2 group, with a cytotoxicity as high as 56.33%±1.95%.

Conclusion
Simultaneous knocking down Ezrin and overexpressing HSP70 promotes the apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of osteosarcoma cell. And the HSP70 can induce CTL which enhances the killing effect on tumor cell. And the HSP70 can induce CTL which enhance the killing effect on tumor cell.

Key words:
Osteosarcoma; HSP70 heat-shock proteins; Apoptosis; Cell proliferation


In this note we outline a proof of the Calderon extension theorem by a technique similar to that for the Whitney extension theorem. For classical proofs, see Calderon [2] and Morrey [4]. See also Palais [6, p. 170]. Our purpose is thus to give a more unified proof of the theorem in the various cases. In addition, the proof applies to the Holder spaces C k+α , which was used in [3], and applies to regions satisfying the "cone condition" of Calderon.


Seed treatment of paddy with monocrotophos @ 0.35, 0.70, 1.05, 1.40, and 1.75 kg a.i./100 kg seed significantly affected germination percentage. Lower application rates of 0.35 and 0.70 kg a.i./100 kg seed were less toxic, whereas higher rates resulted in delayed germination, in addition to greater toxicity. Seed treatment also affected the root and shoot growth of seedlngs. Monocrotophos at 0.70 kg a.i./100 kg seed and above significantly reduced root and shoot growth by 55.7% and 73.9%, respectively.


The rapidly changing, increasingly complex business world requires college graduates to use multiple, complex skills to solve business problems. Conventional teaching strategies that mainly consist of lectures may not be effective to prepare these students for employment. Constructivist learning theory, which uses construction kits to assist learners to construct knowledge and emphasizes presenting learning activity in a meaningful context, provides an alternative theoretical foundation for rethinking and redesigning teaching practices. This paper presents the constructivist theory and offers examples of teaching practices based on the theory for teaching basic computer networking concepts.


Glucosinolate is a group of nitrogen-and sulfur-containing plant natural product found mainly in Brassicaceae families,it may mediate the interaction between plants and environment.The biosynthesis of glucosinolates is regulated by jasmonates.In this study,Arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves were sprayed with exogenous jasmonic acid methyl,and the expression of PDF1.2 gene and the content of glucosinolates were analyzed.The results showed that the expression of jasmonic acid response gene PDF1.2 significantly increased after the treatment with jasmonic acid methyl,and reached to the highest level at 24 h;both indolic and aliphatic glucosinolates components were also affected,and most of them significantly increased at 24 h.The results indicated that exogenous jasmonic acid could induce accumulation of the indolic and aliphatic glucosinolates in Arabidopsis rosette leaves,and this induction was the most effective at 24 h after the treatment.


The present invention relates to the cosmetic use of an extract of a plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae (preferably belonging to the genus Plukenetia). Furthermore it relates to the cosmetic use of a protein or a mixture of proteins, whereby said protein or said mixture of proteins is extractable from a plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae (preferably belonging to the genus Plukenetia). Furthermore the present invention relates to said extract or to said protein or to said mixture of proteins for use as a medicament. Furthermore the present invention relates to said extract or to said. protein or to said mixture of proteins, whereby said extract or said protein or said mixture of proteins has been modified chemically or enzymatically, e. g. by crosslinking, by grafting or by hydrolysis.


On the supposition that the recently observed dimuon events are due to charmed-hadron production, and that such charmed-hadron production is marked by the onset of a new scaling regime in deep-inelastic neutrino interactions, we have worked out, using the quark-parton model, some threshold effects of charm production, as well as an estimate of the ratio of dimuon to single-muon events above charm threshold. The results are found to be in very good agreement with experiment.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how a firm can incorporate real estate strategy with its core strategy, using the workspace to support its human resource objectives. The intent is to examine how important the quality of the workplace is to employees and the resulting impact it can have on productivity, loyalty, satisfaction, and retention in a knowledge industry.Design/methodology/approach – The study uses a survey to gather data on employee opinions about the importance and quality of workplace features. Responses are compared for statically significant differences using ANOVA among groups of employees to determine if opinions differ by sex, position in the firm, and location among newer and older facilities. The results are evaluated in the context of the firm's core strategy and objectives.Findings – The results indicate that employees at Alston & Bird, LLC, the law firm studied, are satisfied with the overall quality of their workspace. However, differences exist between workers in d...


Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of sanchinoside combined with intravenous thrombolysis in treating acute cerebral infarction according to its mechanism action.Methods To divided 84 cases of acute cerebral infarction into two groups randomly,adopting sanchinoside combined with urokinase venous thrombolysis treatment experimental group,while adopting ordinary urokinase venous thrombolysis as control group.After 2 courses of treatment,compared the efficacy of the two groups,and compared the degree of nerve injury.Results The effective rate of experimental group was 88.1%,and 76.2% in control group,the difference was significant (P < 0.05).The incidence of mild nerve injury in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group,while the incidence of sever nerve injury in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group,all P <0.05.Conclusions Sanchinoside combined with intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral infarction has obvious effect,and sanchinoside has the significant function of improving ischemia-reperfusion in acute cerebral infarction.

Key words:
Sanchinoside; Intravenous thrombolysis; Acute cerebral infarction; Mechanism of action


A method and its related techniques to realize an optimum multi-path inquiry system with graphic show on city rail transit have been described in details in this paper, by combining of the search algorithm for optimal multi-path and the method to determine reachable optimal multi-path with night last trains of city rail transit network. Its software architecture design, data organization mode for all of the optimum paths, method to draw multiple lines of city rail transit network in concurrence, drawing and redisplay control, and application of GDI+ drawing functions are included. Finally, the illustration about its application effect has been presented too.


Based on the twin shear unified yield criterion, the plastic limit loads of simply supported circular plate under uniform annular load are given. The other available solutions based on Tresca criterion, Mises criterion and twin shear stress criterion are special cases or approximations of the present result. The present solution is suitable for many materials with same strength in tension and in compression. The plastic limit loads of simply supported circular plates under various loads can be obtained based on the present solution.


Abstract Most of the major cross-sea cluster projects in China, such as the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao bridge, Shenzhen–Zhongshan bridge, and Dalian Bay Tunnel, have adopted the immersed tube tunnel method. In traditional theoretical analyses, the soil continuity of the foundation is neglected. In this study, the elements of an immersed tube tunnel are considered equivalent to the Timoshenko beams placed on a Vlasov double-parameter foundation, and a formula for calculating the vertical deformation of the immersed tube tunnel is derived. Moreover, the Timoshenko beam calculation model placed on a Winkler foundation is adopted for comparison, in order to verify the rationality of the proposed calculation method. Considering the Yongjiang immersed tube tunnel project as an example, the vertical displacement of an element–joint in this tunnel under the influence of the tidal load is analysed, and the theoretical calculation results of both models are compared with the field observation results. The comparison reveals that the proposed model based on the hypothesis of a Vlasov double-parameter foundation yields results more comparable to the observed data than the other model. These research results are expected to have certain guiding significance in the design and calculation of immersed tube tunnels.


Automatic link establishment (ALE) is one of the important technologies in HF communication. One of the indicators to measure the performance of an ALE system is the linking time, which includes channel switching, spectrum sensing, and trying to call three periods. Asynchronous mode has been widely used for its simple operation. When establishing an link, the station sorts all the channels and selects the best available channel based on link quality analysis (LQA) matrix, which consists of scores of channels. The traditional LQA algorithm only considers a single factor, such as SNR. In this paper, a new LQA matrix combined with spectrum prediction is proposed to reduce the linking time. It is a new metric to evaluate channels. Spectrum prediction technology has been developed in order to solve the problem of time and energy consumption of spectrum sensing. Based on previous occupancy information, the statistical state parameters of each channel can be obtained. Compared with the traditional algorithm, the new algorithm balances channel state and quality parameters with multiplicative relation. The simulation results show that the linking time is reduced and the performance is improved using new algorithm, and the spectrum prediction can further reduce linking time.


We present real-time stochastic lightcuts, a real-time rendering method for scenes with many dynamic lights. Our method is the GPU extension of stochastic lightcuts [Yuksel 2019], a state-of-art hierarchical light sampling algorithm for offline rendering. To support arbitrary dynamic scenes, we introduce an extremely fast light tree builder. To maximize the performance of light sampling on the GPU, we introduce cut sharing, a way to reuse adaptive sampling information in light trees in neighboring pixels.


Education is far too costly an enterprise to operate without precise indicators of the successes and consequences of educational interventions. Unfortunately, many educational economists and educators have resisted measuring the societal impacts of educational programs, options, and interventions because a reliable and valid metric did not exist for those consequences. This article explores alternatives to the metrics utilized thus far in measuring the individually oriented "preferences" used in the conceptualization of utility, and argues that a "hard" metric which would either monetize or impute monetary values for both individual and social outcomes is both possible and useful. A hard metric is one that is independently verifiable based upon values attributed to results. While any such metric will be both imperfect and controversial, we suggest that it is more desirable to attempt its development than to take the greater risk of pretending that one is not possible. Three alternative (and related) types of educational results are suggested: products, outputs, and outcomes. Possible results-oriented indicators for each are suggested. These will serve as a basis for developing a useful hard metric for educational utility.


·Photoemission from noble metals and adsorbates using synchrotron radiation. D. A. Shirley, J. Stohr, P; S~ Wehner, R. S. Williams, and G. Apai (Materials and Molecular Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 U.S.A.). PhyJ.Jic.a Sc.tc.ipta (Sweden) • With the advent of synchrotron radiation in the 32-280 eV range at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project, it has become possible to elucidate the transition from ultraviolet to x-ray induced photoemission. This has been accomplished by studies of noble metals. Polycrystalline copper shows a valence-band (VB) profile that approaches the x-ray induced shape at hv ~ 100 eV. In polycrystalline silver, the 4d crosssection follows the atomic curve, with a reversal of VB peak intensities near hv = 110 eV. Strongly anisotropic behavior is observed in copper single crystals, using angle-resolved photoemission (ARP). Normal ARP spectra from Cu(lOO), (110), and (111) crystals follow the band dispersion through the Brillouin Zone, including a dramatic resonance between the Fermi level (EF) and 2 eV binding energy for hv = 43-52 eV. High temperature and high photon energy studies demonstrate the importance of the Debye-Waller factor in photoemission leading to a breakdown of the direct transition model. In adsorption studies of CO on Ni and Pt, CO is shown to stand up with oxygen out. For Pt, electrons are found to flow from t 2 orbitals near EF to CO, and the CO l1T and Sa binding energies are reversed relative to the gas phase. At higher


This volume contains 69 papers presented at ICICT 2015: International Congress on Information and Communication Technology. The conference was held during 9th and 10th October, 2015, Udaipur, India and organized by CSI Udaipur Chapter, Division IV, SIG-WNS, SIG-e-Agriculture in association with ACM Udaipur Professional Chapter, The Institution of Engineers (India), Udaipur Local Centre and Mining Engineers Association of India, Rajasthan Udaipur Chapter. This volume contains papers mainly focused on ICT for Managerial Applications, E-governance, IOT and e-Mining


Detecting the infrared characteristics of the contrails is a reasonable approach to tracing the rocket, and the particle properties of the contrails are the basis of the infrared analysis. The conventional numerical approach to obtaining the particle properties is a Euler/Lagrange method or a simple Euler/Euler method, difficultly obtaining more accurate results because it ignores the particle size distribution in parcels or cells. A modified Euler/Euler method is applied to simulate the contrail formation in the near field of a solid rocket motor at different altitudes, which considers the size distribution by adding the first- to second-order particle radius moments based on the simple Euler/Euler method. The simulation results show that the crystals are generated at altitudes from 10 km to 20 km and that the contrails are visible at altitudes from 10 km to 15 km, where the radii of the crystals are from 0.1 μm to 0.3 μm. The visible contrails indicate that aviation vehicles are cruising at altitudes from 10 km to 15 km, and the smaller crystals indicate that the contrails are generated by rockets, not aircraft. Our work can provide important insight for the follow-up infrared analysis of the contrails based on the obtained particle radii.


This study was initiated by the laboratories and control department of the French Health Products Safety Agency (AFSSAPS) as part of the fight against the public health problem of rising counterfeit and imitation medicines. To test the discriminating ability of Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS), worse cases scenarios were first considered for the discrimination of various pharmaceutical final products containing the same Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) with different excipients, such as generics of proprietary medicinal products (PMP). Two generic databases were explored: low active strength hard capsules of Fluoxetine and high strength tablets of Ciprofloxacin. Then 4 other cases involving suspicious samples, counterfeits and imitations products were treated. In all these cases, spectral differences between samples were studied, giving access to API or excipient contents information, and eventually allowing manufacturing site


Photographic image. Black and white. Portrait of Bernese Berndt. Image of a young girl with a bow in her hair sitting on a bench. She is also wearing a heart-shaped necklace. Courtesy of Curt Renz Collection, 2013.05, GRHC.


The results of a study of the martensitic transformation in the polycrystalline Ni 52 Mn 24 Ga 24 alloy in different structural states are presented in the article. In the initial state in the alloy magnetic and martensitic phase transformation is observed with the following characteristic points: M S =25°C; M F =15°C; A S =35°C; A F =45°C; T C =127°C. The alloy in the initial state, after intensive plastic deformation by high pressure torsion and after the stepped annealing of the deformed material at temperatures of 400°C, 500°C and 600°C was investigated. The microstructure of the alloy was investigated by means of scanning electron microscope equipped by the detector sensitive to orientation contrast of material. Analysis of the microstructure of the alloy in the initial state shows that the average grain size is 270 µm. In the alloy after plastic deformation and subsequent annealing at 400°C, this value is 180 nm. Annealing at 500°C and 600°C leads to an increase in the average grain size up to 1.08 µm and 2.33 µm, respectively. The results of the study of the microhardness of the alloy in different structural states are presented. As a result of plastic deformation of the alloy the microhardness increases from 2.1 GPa in the initial state to 5.1 GPa in the deformed state. After annealing, a gradual decreasing of the microhardness down to 2.8 GPa is found. The temperature dependence of magnetization of the alloy in different structural states shows that as a result of severe plastic deformation the ferromagnetic order is destroyed and the martensitic transformation is suppressed. After stepped annealing at 400°C, 500°C and 600°C, there is a gradual recovery of ferromagnetic order. The martensitic transformation is observed in the alloy only after annealing at 500°C. In this case the average grain size is increased to 1 µm.


The rising tide behind the school turnaround movement is significant, as national education leaders continue to call for the rapid improvement of the nation's lowest-performing schools. To date, little work has been done to identify schools that are drastically improving their performance. Using publically available school-level student achievement data from Minnesota, we begin to detail the statistical and practical steps necessary to identify schools rapidly improving their performance.


'And how does that feel - to be hungry?' The girl, Abrinet, looks at me, smiles, then looks down. She plays at a gash on her foot and I see Mitch frame it up on 'A' camera. Travelling from her face down her body, he pulls focus, creating edit points. He is good like that, Mitch, his sense of small things.


The influence of ammonia, in the range of temperatures from 100 K to ambient, on the IR spectrum of p + -type silicon (60% porosity) has been investigated. In contrast with the case of NO 2 [1], interaction with NH 3 at low pressures and room temperature does not cause any reactivation of carriers (as monitored by the loss of transparency in the IR). Extensive reactivation is instead observed at low temperatures and high NH 3 pressures, the sample becoming strongly opaque below 2000 cm -1 . When the temperature rises, ammonia is outgassed and the original transparency is restored. Ammonia is an electron-donor molecule, so in principle chemisorption could occur, but plays no role in reactivation, in contrast with the NO 2 case. The findings, resembling those reported for polar liquids wetting p + -type PS, are explained on the basis of dielectric effects [2]: the observed loss of transparency is related to the presence of a high-density gas filling the pores, possibly in a sort of supercritical state or at the most physisorbed on the walls.


In this work, the Buxey 29 tasks problem is solved for minimum number of stations and cycle time. The precedence matrix is presented for the 29 tasks. The classification of ALB problem and their solution procedure are presented. Single model ALB and equivalent multi model ALB are treated as similar model and common solution procedure is presented. The number of stations required for the feasible solutions are varied and cycle time are computed. The algorithm used in the derivation of the feasible solutions is presented. The advantages of using a certain number of stations are discussed. Finally important conclusions are drawn and future work is defined.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy of PTX on the global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injuryMethods The global cerebral ischemia of gerbils was induced by clamping bilateral carotid arteries for 30 min , then declamping with the reperfusion lasting 90 min At the beginning of ischemia , PTX 25mg·kg -1 or 50mg·kg -1 was administered intravenously by mini infusion pump In another group , PTX 25mg·kg -1 was infused at the beginning of reperfusion In sham operated and control groups the same volume of 0 9% NaCl were infused 0 2% Even's blue 1ml·100g -1 was injected intraperitoneally At the end of experiment , The gerbils were decapitated to be preserved at -70℃ for measurement of water contents of whole hemispheres , cerebral superoxide dimutase (SOD) activity, malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content and Even's blue content Results As compared with those in control group, at the beginning of ischemia or reperfusion ,the administration with PTX 25mg·kg -1 significantly reduced the cerebral water content (P0 05 or 0 01) MDA content in cerebrum was also significantly decreased (P0 05 or 0 01) SOD activity in brain was increased markedly (P0 05 or 0 01) , cerebral Even's blue content decreased obviously (P0 05 or 0 01) However , infusion of PTX 50mg·kg -1 showed no protective effect on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and three gerbils in this group 50mg·kg -1 was died of hypotensive shock Conclusions PTX can protect the brain from ischemia reperfusion injury under the precondition of stable hemodynamics through improving cerebral blood flow , attenuating the production of superoxide anion and protecting vascular endotheliocyte


A method for modulating the disturbance of a Fluidextrudats as it flows through one or more product-cooling channels in an extruder cooling die, wherein the cooling tool uses the flow of a coolant through one or more coolant flow channels from a coolant inlet point to a Kuhlmittelauslasspunkt, wherein at least one of the coolant flow channels in thermal proximity to at least is arranged an associated product cooling channel to effect cooling of the extrudate from a Extrudateinlasstemperatur a Extrudatauslasstemperatur.


Drawing on the writing of Freud, Klein, Riviere, Winnicott, Bion, and others, this article highlights two rather different war-time and post-war changes occurring in psychoanalysis regarding ambivalence: first, the shift of psychoanalytic attention from the repressed unconscious to introjection and projection of love and hate and their effects on objects in our inner world; second, the contrary shift of psychoanalysis from attention to the individual pleasure and pain of love and hate to mothering, and to intersubjective knowing and truth.


A vertically correlated submonolayer (VCSML) InAs/GaAs quantum-dot (QD) heterostructure was studied using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and polarization-dependent photoluminescence. The HRXRD (004) rocking curve was simulated using the Tagaki–Taupin equations. Excellent agreement between the experimental curve and the simulation is achieved assuming that indium-rich VCSML QDs are embedded in a quantum well (QW) with lower indium content and an observed QD coverage of 10%. In the VCSML QDs, the vertical lattice mismatch of the InAs monolayer with respect to GaAs is around 1.4%, while the lattice mismatch in the QW is negligible. The photoluminescence is transverse magnetic—polarized in the edge geometry.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and complication of locking proximal femoral plate(LPFP) in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fracture.Methods Totally 65 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were treated with LPFP from January 2009 to March 2010.Results All the cases were followed up,average period was 11 months.The average healing time was 12 weeks.No case of plate and screw extrusion,rupture,loose,bone nonunion and delayed union,hip varus was observed.There were 46 excellent cases,14 good cases,5 fair cases,the excellence and good rate was 92.9% according to Harris evaluation.Conclusion With the advantages of stable internal fixation and easy manipulation,LPFP is an effective method to treat elderly intertrochanteric fracture


Abstract:The U.S. military continues to experience high and increasing rates of suicide despite massive funding and support for research and prevention. The dominant research and prevention paradigm, which is strongly oriented toward quantitative, clinical, psychodynamic, and biomedical approaches, can greatly improve with an expansion into qualitative, ethnographic methods, theories, and applications. Critical discussion of key aspects of military suicide research and prevention and the nature of anthropological research support a robust partnership between the discipline of anthropology and the U.S. Marine Corps to address and prevent suicide.


This article discloses a non-contact electronic card, or it can be attached or inserted in the portable device on a predetermined position of the portable terminal. Contactless electronic card comprising: a loop antenna for communication with the reader phase, according to the requirements for transmission of the stored electronic card reader chip user identification information, and means for canceling an electromagnetic wave when the reader and the reader ferrite core electromagnetic interference. According to the present invention, the card reader when the reader for counteracting the ferrite core electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic allows additional electronic card is inserted or in a portable device such as a portable terminal, thereby improving its portability and convenience and reduce the risk of loss.


Disturbed flow patterns, characterized by the presence of retrograde and oscillatory shear stress, are associated with proatherogenic phenotype. Mental stress consistently induces forearm vasodilation, and evidence suggests that increased cardiometabolic risk (CMR) blunts this response. Importantly, whether this altered vascular response of CMR patients during mental stress impacts the conduit artery shear rate patterns remains unknown. To begin to examine this, 7 CMR patients (36±3 years) and 4 healthy subjects (controls; 34±5 years) underwent a 3‐min mental stress test (Stroop color‐word test), while beat‐to‐beat blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), brachial blood flow (BF; Doppler ultrasound) and forearm vascular conductance (FVC; BF/mean BP) were continuously monitored. Mental stress significantly increased BP and FVC in controls (P<0.05). In CMR patients, however, while BP was similarly augmented during mental stress, increases in FVC were abolished (−26±12%; P>0.05). Flow patterns were similar between groups at rest but clear differences in retrograde shear (−15.1±4 CMR vs. −3.49±1 s‐1 controls; P<0.05) and oscillatory shear index (0.27±0.04 CMR vs. 0.11±0.06 a.u., controls; P<0.05) were noted during mental stress. These preliminary findings suggest that the blunted vascular responses of CMR patients during mental stress test are associated with disturbed flow patterns.


Under the condition of simplification and assumption,the meeting between missile fragments and combat aircraft is analyzed.The three-dimensional model of meeting between missile fragments and combat aircraft is established for the first time,the fragment ballistic track equation is concluded,and the damage area of the combat aircraft under the hit of a missile is obtained.The established meeting model and the concluded fragment ballistic track equation are the basis of the aircraft battle damage probability calculation under the hit of a missile.


Objective To observe the expressions of CD11,CD54,TNF-α and S100 in cartilaginous tissue of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Methods Twenty diseased specimens of cartilaginous tissue taken from patients undergoing surgery for post-traumatic osteoarthritis(experimental group) and normal cartilaginous tissue(control group) were detected for expressions of above items immunohistochemically.The difference of absorbance was compared by image analysis. Results The expressions of CD11,CD54,TNF-α and S100 in the experimental group increased significantly as compared with the control. Conclusion The post-traumatic osteoarthritis is related with the CD11,CD54,TNF-α and S100-mediated inflammatory reaction,and,at the same time,associated with S100-mediated tissue repair.


ABSTRACT Colonic crypt cells, depending on regulatory influences such as neurotransmitters and hormones, can absorb or secrete NaCl. The large changes in absolute rates of transport, multiplicity o...


In the article law positions on the questions of property are examined based on the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation decisions. The right to have property limitation is analyzed.


Nephrotic changes as part of the paraneoplastic syndrome are rare in lymphoid malignancies. One percent of cases of Hodgkin's Lymphoma cases may present with nephritic syndrome. We are reporting a case which initially presented as nephritic syndrome and later was diagnosed to have of Hodgkin's Lymphoma and managed accordingly. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(1):72-74.


The present invention is administered to an animal together with fodder, at least one organic molecule or a salt thereof substituted at any position by at least one nitrooxy group, by using as the active compound, the ruminant method for improving the productivity and / or ruminants to reduce methane production resulting from digestion activities related. The present invention also relates to a premix, to the use of feed concentrates, complete mixed feed (TMR) in the feed and in feed additives in such, or in the form of a bolus, these compounds.


This thesis is investigating how the typology of daylight openings in art museum galleries is affecting the connection to the outdoor environment. Museum architecture nowadays emphasizes on the mus ...


Method for controlling the switching of the paper run of a printing machine with an electrically operated and vorzuheizenden over a finite period dryer for printed materials which have been printed with curing by drying paints, immediately following the printing operation, characterized in that that the switching on of the drive is for running paper or pressure after a power-up sequence, which provides that the first printed sheet or the beginning of the printed paper web enters the dryer when it has reached the optimum operating conditions, wherein the optimum operating conditions is determined as a function of the ambient temperature of the ink and coating or the layer thickness, the air volume of the drying furnace, the heating power of the dryer furnace and the desired drying temperature.


Pericardial defect is a rare congenital abnormality, and most of the presenting cases are reported from intraoperative or post-mortem diagnosis. We report a case (46 yr-old male) with a 2-year history of vague chest pain and dry cough. Chest roentgenography showed a mass in the supero-medial portion of the left lung without displacement of the heart. Computerized tomography supported the diagnosis of a cystic mass in the medial part at the lingula lobe of the left lung. Echocardiography was normal. He was operated for symptomatic pulmonary mass and intraoperative findings were complete absence of the left pericardium and a bronchogenic cyst of the lingual (Iranian Heart Journal 2007; 8 (2): 56-58).


Chinese idioms is a set phrase that of fixed structure form and complete meaning,like other vocabularies,it also experience the process of production and die,and its meaning has been changed more or less.The changes of Chinese idioms contain word meaning and color significant,the reason for these changes due to the social development and the changes of people subjective understanding.


[Objective]To investigate prevalence of acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)patients with residual paralysis,so as to provide basic information for effectively controlling the incidence of paralysis and consolidating the achievement of poliomyelitis vaccine.[Methods]The monitored status of etiology,epidemiologic characteristics,immunization history and spectrum of diseases of 520 AFP patients with residual paralysis were collected and analyzed from 2001 to 2006 in Hebei.[Results]2516 AFP patients were reported by the AFP surveillance system and 520 AFP patients also remain residual paralysis 60 days later with the annual incidence of 20.7%. The patients were concentrated in young people,and 60.0% of them were below the age of five years. The incidence for male was higher than female,and the high risk seasons were summer and autumn. 47.7% of these patients attacked this disease during June to August. Out of 520 AFP patients,48.3% of them showed to be disqualification samples of excrement,without immunity or whole range immunity,the isolation rate of PV to be higher than that of AFP patients without residual paralysis as well as with GBS of residual paralysis,but only one people was in line with the clinical presentation.[Conclusion]Efforts should be taken to strengthen the monitoring of AFP,and further improve the collection rate of qualified faeces and immunity rate of coverage of oral poliomyelitis live attenuated vaccine.


The importance of managing the asset-liability mix in the Indian financial markets has emerged from the increased volatility in the domestic interest rates as well as foreign exchange rates that has evolved after liberalization. The deregulated interest rate environment has brought pressure on the management of banks to maintain a good balance among spreads, profitability and long-term viability. Over the last few years, theire has been an intense competition and banks have been required to take up strategic planning as an exercise for asset-liability management in order to survive and grow in the ever increasingly competitive and risky environment. The paper presents a case study of four banks- Citi bank, ICICI bank, IDBI bank and SBI and studies how Asset Liability Management can be used as an important tool for managing liquidity risk and interest rate risk.


A hierarchical cubic network was proposed as an alternative to the hypercube. We use HCN(n) to denote the hierarchical cubic network that contains 2n n-dimensional hypercubes. In this paper, using Gray codes, we construct fault-free hamiltonian cycles in an HCN(n) with n-1 link faults. Since the HCN(n) is regular of degree n+1, the result is optimal. We also construct longest fault-free cycles of length 22n-1 in an HCN(n) with one node fault, and fault-free cycles of length at least 22n-2f in an HCN(n) with f node faults, where 22n is the number of nodes in the HCN(n), f≤n-1 if n=3 or 4, and f≤n if n≥5.


A new surface‐emitting diode laser has been demonstrated, which consists of a buried‐heterostructure waveguide gain region on one side of the substrate and a bifocal microlens of 210 μm diameter on the other side. The bifocal microlens is composed of a collimating lens in the center (70 μm diameter) and a spherical mirror in the surrounding region, for output collimation and optical feedback, respectively. Accurate alignment between the gain region and the microlens has been obtained by using the focused light spot produced by the latter. Initial device results show room‐temperature pulsed threshold currents around 92 mA (with a low of 70 mA) and far‐field patterns with a narrow central lobe of 1.25°.


This paper presents post-silicon results for the Ascend secure processor, taped out in a 32 nm SOI process. Ascend prevents information leakage over a processor's digital I/O pins—in particular, the processor's requests to external memory—and certifies the program's execution by verifying the integrity of the external memory. In secure processor design, encrypting main memory is not sufficient for security because <italic>where</italic> and <italic>when</italic> memory is accessed reveals secret information. To this end, Ascend is equipped with a hardware Oblivious RAM (ORAM) controller, which obfuscates the address bus by reshuffling memory as it is accessed. To our knowledge, Ascend is the first prototyping of ORAM in custom silicon. Ascend has also been carefully engineered to ensure its timing behaviors are independent of user private data. In 32 nm silicon, all security components combined (the ORAM controller, which includes 12 AES rounds and one SHA-3 hash unit) impose a moderate area overhead of 0.51 mm<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ren-ieq1-2687463.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. Post tape-out, the security components of the Ascend chip have been successfully tested at 857 MHz and 1.1 V, at which point they consume 299 mW of power.


Aim — to analyse some variables in liver cancer including morbidity, mortality, quality of specialized care and in-hospital survival in the clinics of Department of Presidential Affairs of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. Current views regarding etiological factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer, incidence and prevalence of liver cancer in the world and in Russia are reviewed in the article. So, 227 cases of primary liver malignancies have been diagnosed for the 35-year period, lifetime morphological verification of liver cancer was 75%. Results. Disease-related annual mortality is 61.5% after diagnosis. This value is 51.6% for the last 5-year period. In general, we revealed positive changes in the quality of medical and diagnostic care. Five-year periods reflecting development of medical and diagnostic base were studied. Case report from the clinical practice is presented.


Objective: To assess the individual's predicted risk of developing a CVD event in 10 y using risk scores among persons with other disorders/diseases.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted for a period of 6 mo among 283 subjects. Total risk was estimated individually by using Framingham Risk Scoring Algorithm and ASCVD risk estimator.
Results: According to Framingham Risk score the prevalence of low risk (<10%) identified as 67.84% (192), followed by intermediate risk (10%-19%), 19.08% (54), and high risk (≥20%) 13.07% (37). By using ASCVD Risk estimator, risk has reported in our study population was low risk (<5%) is 48.76% (138), borderline risk (5-7.4%) is 13.07% (37), intermediate risk (7.5-19.9%) is about 25.09% (71), high risk (>20%) is about 13.07% (37).
Conclusion: In this study burden of CVD risk was relatively low, which was estimated by both the Framingham scale and ASCVD Risk estimator. Risk scoring of individuals helps us to identify the patients at high risk of CV diseases and also helps in providing management strategies.


The performance of two high precision frequency-stability measurement systems, analog beat method time-interval analyzer, has been compared with digital beat method systems developed at the National Time Service Center. In this paper, the digital beat method system is a measuring technique that uses a multi-channel beat note digital analyzer in place of the time interval counter. This technique uses the local oscillator and mixer to convert the test signals and reference signals to a low frequency. This article reports on the frequency-stability analysis of the digital beat method in detail based upon the beat method working at 10 MHz with 1 Hz beat note and the cross correlation arithmetic. The principle of the system is reviewed, the design approach and compared system is described, and the experimental results are present. The measurement system shows that the digital beat method system can achieve a stability of 3times10-14 /tau (Allan deviation, tau =1s ) when the analog beat method can acquire a stability of 4.7times10-12 /tau (Allan deviation, tau =1s ) by using the SR620. An approach to reduce quantization noise effects and evaluate performance of the algorithm problems has been tested too.


Background and Purpose: Trends in stroke incidence and survival determine changes in stroke morbidity and mortality. This study examines the extent of the incidence decline and survival improvement in the


A new technique for reconstructing the magnetic image of Mercury from satellite observation data is proposed. The technique is based on extracting from the general observational data only the part that is associated with magnetic field sources concentrated in Mercury's crust. The extracted data are used to solve the inverse problem of reconstructing the near-surface magnetic image of Mercury. The results of processing real experimental data obtained via the MESSENGER interplanetary mission are presented.


We are witnessing today in international exchange a period of activity so intense that the traditional structures which formerly governed the relations between nations no longer seem up to the task. Technological progress has intensified these relations to an extent barely anticipated until recently by even the most vigilant. In answer to new requirements, new initiatives aimed at dealing with the increasingly varied aspects of international communication are multiplying, a situation from which France is not exempt. Both a new awareness and the need for a specific intensive training for international relations is now recognised, and several important examples of training in different sectors of activity ought to be made better known if only to encourage a full free debate on such relations and, as a result, progress in the way they are taught. Among the many disciplines which the specialist in international relations should master, languages and civilisation studies, theories and techniques of communication should have high priority. The attention devoted to them in two French graduate schools, very different in their recruitment and in the curricula followed by their pupils, may serve as an illustration. Since it was founded in 1945, the Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA) has accorded the subject of international relations the recognition it deserves. Foreign languages, of course, formed part of the curricula for the competitive entry examination and the final grading tests, and were also studied extensively during the schoolyear. Even if over the years the modern language coefficient has hardly varied, the number of languages open to candidates for the entry examination and to students attending the school has, of late, greatly increased. Seven languages were listed in the entrance examination syllabus in 1945. Today, in 1983, the following 13 languages are open to candidates: Arabic, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, German, modern Greek, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish. The range of languages which the students can study at the School is slightly greater. In addition to the above 13 languages, Indonesian, Polish and Turkish are further possible options. For all these the School provides reasonably good methods, which are, however, always adapted to the needs of French speakers. Although a few other languages are also occasionally taught at beginner's level, they are generally offered at more advanced levels to those who have already studied them. They include Czech, Hindi, Serbo-Croat and Swedish, for which teaching materials are scarce or, when they do exist, are ill-adapted to the needs of French speakers. Over the years, student interest in foreign languages has been steadily growing for a number of reasons including cultural interest, career management or simply academic accident. While school regulations stipulate that all students must learn at


They are singing outside the hut again tonight. Wild singing with words pulled into long wails from the mouths of the men. They are all men. They plait their words into cruel shapes and bind them in coil on coil around these walls. We've tried to sing back, me and Tom, gathered together into one cupped shape of fear, smaller than either of us would be in daylight, in a town, with people around and the sun shining and ordinary smells like bread, or wet pavement - not that hot burning smell of their torches or their anger out there. We've gathered together, my forehead on his, and we've tried to sing back the old songs out of our fear, into the night out there...


Of all patients with one malignant tumor, 5% will develop a second primary malignant tumor within one year. In a seven-year period, 20 patients with head and neck primary tumors were found to have simultaneous malignant tumors. Management of patients with this specific problem varies with the location, extent, and nature of the separate tumors, but in general they should be treated as though each tumor arose separately. A high index of suspicion and a careful history and physical examination with appropriate consultation are important in making the diagnosis of simultaneous malignant tumors.


On the basis of traditional traffic control methods concluded by using experiences in highway tunnel, a traffic control method of highway tunnel emergency combining case-based reasoning(CBR) and rule-based reasoning(RBR) was provided by utilizing knowledge expression methods and rule-based expert system. A response plan generation and management system for highway tunnel vehicle guidance under emergency was set up based on the method. A parallel separate expressway tunnel was taken as example, cases were expressed as a triple-tuple form by using object-oriented expression method, including case attribution information, control scheme information and result information, and case similarity computation method was discussed. IF-THEN expression method was used, and the class attribute of highway tunnel emergency and the attribute of blocked lane numbers were combined, the reasoning rules of vehicle diffluence control strategy for single point traffic accident were produced. Simulation result shows that when the case number is insufficient, the traffic control method can reduce the generation time of response plan by 22% compared with CBR approach , and the method is efficacious.


On an overcast late summer day sometime in the early 1950s, my father took me to his printing factory in Brooklyn. It was dark when we left and dark hours later during the return subway ride back to the Bronx. When I asked my father why the sky was so dark during the summer, he pointed to a cluster of factories spewing dark smoke into the air and something about the air being trapped close to the ground. Many people who lived in New York City, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Detroit, Gary, Philadelphia, and other industrial cities and suburbs in the United States and Europe had the same experience living with sometimes smoky air, ear-battering noise, and surrounded by rivers that were reported to be so dirty that our mothers told us not to swim in them. This edited book of ten chapters took me back to the days when many parts of the New York City I knew seemed more like a rotting apple than the appetizing so-called "Big Apple" image created by advertisers. All but one of the chapters of this interesting book were presented at a September 2000 conference entitled "Pittsburgh's Environment: A Historical Perspective" sponsored by the Heinz Foundation. Joel Tarr, who I consider the pre-eminent environmental historian, starts the volume by taking the reader through a walking tour of a Pittsburgh park and highlighting the core message of this book: wealth and environmental devastation were created by unregulated capitalism, and some of the capitalists (Carnegie, Heinz, Westinghouse) decided to remediate the most obvious devastation and reclaim the environment. The first two chapters describe how Pittsburgh's location with respect to coal, iron ore, water, and other attributes led to its birth as the steel manufacturing capital of the United States. These chapters show how the landscape was repeatedly cut up and re-formed to meet entrepreneurial needs. When the devastation became blatant, Pittsburgh's powerful private and public elite slowly began to reshape the city to conform to a post-industrial existence. The next three chapters focus on the city's rivers, beginning with reconstructing the water bodies to carry freight, people, and to dispose of waste. Locks, dams, bridges, and railroads were the visible signs of Pittsburgh as an industrial powerhouse. The first of these chapters shows how the new Pittsburgh has tried to reclaim the waterfront. The


Arq. Inst. Biol., Sao Paulo, v.81, n.3, p. 209-217, 2014 ABSTRACT: Cattle beef could be a way of transmitting Escherichia coli O157: H7 and non-O157 to humans if they consume undercooked meat, being responsible for causing severe diseases such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Bacterial resistance has become worrying concerning the efficacy in the treatment of diseases, and because of these aspects, the objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of E. coli O157: H7 and non-O157 in the stages of cattle slaughter and to evaluate the susceptibility of these bacteria against antimicrobial action. We collected from a cattle slaughterhouse 21 samples from manipulators' hands, 21 from knives and 300 from 50 animals in six points of the flowchart. The isolation was performed using the CT-SMAC agar and characterization of serotypes by PCR. There was higher occurrence of E. coli O157: H7 (12.0%) in animals and lower prevalence of E. coli O26 (8.0%) and O113 (2.0%). E. coli O26 was present in 9.52% of the knives. The presence of E. coli non-O157 sorbitol negative was an unexpected fact due to the method of isolation. All


1908 by the Japanese Ophthalmologist Takayasu. He described a young woman with cataracts and unusual wreath-like arteriovenous anastomoses surrounding the optic papillae. The optical findings were also found in patients with absent radial pulses and later in patients with other occlusions of the aorta and its branches. The disease has also been termed "pulseless disease", "aortic arch syndrome", "reversed coarctation", "occlusive thromboarteriopathy" and "young female arteritis". No specific cause has been identified and some of the difficulties that may arise in management are well illustrated by the following case.


Preface Acknowledgments Author Symbols Historical Introduction and Survey The Discovery in Fall 1895 The Early Days of X-rays Major Steps of Progress References Physics of Generation of Bremsstrahlung Acceleration of Electrons Efficiency of Energy Conversion The X-ray Continuum Spectrum Characteristic Radiation Characteristic Radiation and Discontinuous Attenuation Theory of the Angular Distribution of the Continuum Radiation Angular Distribution of Characteristic Radiation Polarization Theory of Electron Scatter in the Anode Electron Backscatter The Thomson-Whiddington Law in More Detail Measured and Simulated Isotropic X-ray Intensity Distribution The Heel Effect References The Interaction of X-rays with Matter Basics of the Attenuation of X-rays X-ray Refraction and X-ray Lenses Thomson Scattering Rayleigh Scattering Compton Scattering Photoelectric Absorption References More Background on Medical Imaging Non-X-ray Methods X-ray Imaging Spectral Imaging Phase-Contrast Imaging Fluorescence Imaging Polarized X-rays References Imaging Modalities and Challenges Computed Tomography Cardio and Vascular Imaging Radiographic Systems Radiography/Fluoroscopy (R/F) Systems Mammography Systems Surgical C-Arm Systems with Monoblocks References Diagnostic X-ray Sources from the Inside Working Principle and Types of Medical X-ray Tubes Tube Components in Detail The Tube Frame Maintaining Vacuum Vacuum Discharges and High-Voltage Stability References Housings, System Interfacing, and Auxiliary Equipment X-ray Source Assembly Radiation Shield Beam Quality Beam Limitation Protection Against Implosion and Explosion Cooling References The Source of Power Basic Functionality of the X-ray Generator High-Voltage Chain Sensing Tube Voltage and Current Energy Quantization Voltage Ripple Dual-Energy (Dual X-ray Color) Imaging Filament Heating and Emission Control Grid and Electrostatic Deflection Supply Multiple Tubes Other Auxiliary Supplies Tube Temperature Supervision Dose Control Matching Generator and Tube Monoblocks References Manufacturing, Service, and Tube Replacement Manufacturing of X-ray Tubes Process-Oriented versus Assembly-Oriented Production Production Yield Installation and Service Tube Replacement and Recycling Recycling Reference X-ray Source Development for Medical Imaging Application Trends for the Development of Medical X-ray Sources Developments Which Did Not (Yet?) Make it to the Marketplace Candidates for Next-Generation Bremsstrahlung Sources Dream and Reality: Deficits of Bremsstrahlung Sources Nonbremsstrahlung Sources of X-rays for Imaging Industrial Development of Novel X-ray Sources References Index


According to Chinese micro blogging sentence polarity identification problem,while fully reducing due to the emotional lexicon expansion work brought on the basis of system overhead,many novel flat and structural features,e. g. punctuation,sentiment word weighting,lexical and syntactic level information,from Chinese micro blogging,together with the effective feature selection method has been extracted. In-depth bidirectional and independent experiments on both COAE and NLPCC,along with the effective imbalance corpus handling method has been conducted. Evaluation results show that the effectiveness of our novel features. Its also show that the model significantly outperforms existing model currently in the research field.


In this article, I review major theories of leadership and some empirical research on leadership. Specially I review  the approaches to study organizational leadership, theories of organizational leadership and organizational effectiveness. There are some criteria to be  an effective leader. however if those factors are fulfilled by a leader will  an effective leader lead to an organizational effectiveness? All of these will be discussed in this  paper including issues with the concepts and metodology of leadership and organizational effectiveness.  It is argued here that one of the factors determining organizational effectiveness may be influence by effective leader. However, whether leadership effectiveness lead to organizational effectiveness are also determined by other factors outside control of a leader. Finally, this paper offers some specific implications for further investigation with regard to future research on this topic.


nder ammonia chemical ionization (CI) conditions triarylpropenones undergo hydrogen radical-induced olefinic bond reduction on metal surfaces, resulting in [M+2H+NH 4 ] + ions corresponding to the ammonium adduct of the saturated ketone. The decomposition of the adduct ions, [MNH 4 ] + and [M+2H+NH 4 ] + , was studied by collision-induced dissociation mass-analysed ion kinetic energy (CID-MIKE) spectroscopy in a reverse geometry instrument. From the CID-MIKE spectra of the [MNH 4 ] + , [M+2H+NH 4 ] + , [MND 4 ] + and [M+2D+ND 4 ] + ions it is clear that the fragmentation of the adduct ions involves loss of NH 3 followed by various cyclization reactions resulting in stable condensed ring systems. Elimination of ArH and ArCHO subsequent to the loss of NH 3 and formation of aroyl ion are characteristic decomposition pathways of the [MNH 4 ] + ions, whereas elimination of ArCH 3 and formation of [ArCH 2 ] + are characteristic of the [M+2H+NH 4 ] + ions of these propenones


According to the management and scheduled inspection of pressure vessels and piping in sulfur recovery unit, it described the evaluation of the failure probability and consequences of pressure vessels and piping by the Risk Based Inspection (RBI). This article focuses on the practical application process of RBI to the Sulfur Recovery Unit. Together with the production crafts and loop medium in pressure vessels and pipes, we could dig out high risk equipment and its' reasons, therefore, suggest possible precautions. Further precautions will be provided for equipment manufacturers to assure production safety through personal experiential analysis and comparison with the similar product from the aspect of failure mechanism and position. It is aimed to explore the combined method of RBI and personal experiential analysis and it's practical application.© 2011 ASME


Aiming at several problems in the measurement process of electric energy meters under spot market conditions, an improvement strategy is proposed based on an in-depth analysis of the abnormal causes of smart meters. Firstly, perform statistical analysis on the failure of the disassembled electric energy meter to determine the three main failure modes, and propose improvement strategies for the three main failure modes. The measurement error analysis result shows that the error of the high-precision electric energy meter has a maximum jump of about 0.02%.


Abstract It is extremely important for fuel saving by taking the correct decisions where cost efficiency and environmental friendliness are top priorities. The fuel consumption rate of the ship is influenced by many parameters, such as average daily sailing speed, ship displacement, cargo, ballast water and bunker, trim and sea conditions (wind, wave and current) in a complicated way. In this study, noon report (NR) and automatic identification system (AIS) datum of four Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCC) are widely used to establish a prediction model. Needless to say that, the accuracy of statistical models depends on consistency and quality of collected datum, hence a novel combination methodology applied to NR and AIS datum to prepare a series of pure valid data population of vessel speed, fuel consumption and sea state. Then the consistency of populations are enriched by eliminating the out ranged or junkie members in different methods, i.e., T-test, normality control and outlier score base (OSB). Finally, multiple linear regressions are applied considering all fuel consumption influential parameters. Results show a high correlation between the independent and dependent variables. Consequently, generated formula predicts fuel consumption of vessels at all variable conditions in good agreement with recorded fuel consumption data.


Aiming at the problem of foundation pit slope prone to lateral movement after water in Chengdu eastern regions,caused initial shoring deformation overrun.Through a practical project,introduced the reinforcement scheme of anchor pile foundation pit shoring project after deformation overrun,could provide guidance and experience for similar projects.


Ion precipitations along the boundary of the polar cap are studied using the Akebono (EXOS D) observations of plasma, electric field and magnetic field during the dawn-dusk crossings across the dayside polar cap at the altitudes of 7500 km to 10,000 km. Only the cases where the convection streamlines consisted of two cells rather than four have been chosen for analysis, and hence the Kp index was moderate or high and the IMF polarity was southward in most of the intervals studied. It is found that the ion precipitations in morning and evening sectors along the polar cap boundary are associated with the sunward convection at the above heights, and judging from the presence of the polar rain the high-latitude part of these precipitations occur in the region of open field lines. Association with the sunward convection and occurrence on open field lines contradict the view that these ions originate from the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) on closed field lines. We propose to designate these ions as circumpolar ion precipitation (CPIP) in order to avoid questionable presumptions on their source region. The sunward convection in the morning and evening sectors of the CPIP is observed systematically, has speeds of about 1 km/s, and often extends over a few degrees or more in invariant latitude. The CPIP ions may have leaked from the boundary region of the plasma sheet, may have been generated in the distant neutral sheet, or may have entered from the magnetosheath. Only within a few hours of the noon meridian the CPIP ions are associated with the antisunward flow at the height range of the Akebono observations.


High-voltage direct current transmission is a safe and efficient technology to deliver large amounts of electricity over a long distance. The number of the submodules in a voltage sourced converter high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) station is usually up to hundreds. Therefore, for the manufacturer, it is necessary to establish a test platform to test the submodules quickly and conveniently. In this paper, we propose a novel circuit topology for the VSC-HVDC submodules testing. The experimental verification of the topology using a lab-scale prototype is provided.


The author has extended this work to the highest energy beams. Multiplicity distributions of shower particles were produced in high energy collisions of {sup 28}Si at 14.5A GeV, {sup 32}S at 200A GeV, {sup 16}O at 200A GeV and 60A GeV. They have studied these distributions in small pseudorapidity intervals of the forward and backward hemispheres in their perspective of Negative Binomial Distribution. Different multiplicity parameters have been computed for the two hemispheres separately and their variations with the phase space interval size have been studied.


A population often overlooked in the design of cellular phones is people with cognitive disabilities. This study evaluated the ability of persons with moderate to severe cognitive impairments to use mainstream cellular phones programmed with experimental interface features that allowed operation with minimum cognitive ability. Two modes were tested. The first allowed an individual to place calls by simply opening a flip phone. The second displayed four pictures on the touchscreen and allowed a call to be made by touching one of the pictures. Sixteen individuals with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores from 6 to 19 participated. There was a 100% success rate using the flip mode in both Instruction and Carryover conditions and a 100% success rate in Instruction and 81.3% success in Carryover for the picture mode. This was compared to standard 'touchtone' dialing mode success rate of 12.5% in the Instruction condition and 6.3% in Carryover condition.


Passive acoustic monitoring of fish in their natural environment is a research field of growing interest and importance. Although many fish species are soniferous, the characterization and biological understanding of their sounds are largely unknown. Many underwater acoustic recordings contain sounds likely produced by fish, but little information can be extracted from them due to the lack of fundamental knowledge about the behaviors they represent. Deploying small hydrophone arrays can help fill some of these knowledge gaps. Passive acoustic localization using fish calls received on multiple hydrophones can be used to estimate swimming speed, calling rate of individual fish, and source level of their calls. This paper focuses on the three-dimensional localization of fish using a compact array of 6 hydrophones using both simulated and measured data. Fish sounds were detected manually on one of the hydrophones. Time difference of arrivals (TDOAs) were then defined by cross correlating the detected signal w...


From the Ogo 6 horizon-scanning-photometer data a useful upper limit can be set to the radiance of nightglow in the O-NO afterglow continuum above 105 km. The upper limit is a factor of about 5 less than the product of observed NO densities and Jacchia (1971) O model densities.