The system described in this paper is created as a demonstration aimed at pupils in secondary schools and further education, for energy conversion as is done in hydroelectric power plants. In order to engage and motivate the users, a games based approach is implemented to encourage the pupils to use the system and not only be passive viewers of a demonstration of the principles involved. A full set of requirements, design and implementation is described. The system has been tested on multiple groups of pupils over the last two years.


The growth in numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse students entering nursing programs in Australia presents challenges for academic and clinical staff, and most importantly the students themselves. In this paper we present the findings from a study designed to explore these challenges and to develop strategies to overcome them. This study used a qualitative explorative approach to gain rich in-depth data. Eleven culturally and linguistically diverse students, three clinical facilitators, and four academic staff participated in focus group interviews. Four major challenges emerged: level of English language competence; feelings of isolation; limited opportunities for learning; and inadequate University support. The challenges we identified led to a meaningful discussion of the political, financial, social and intercultural context in which they are trapped. This paper provides educators, clinicians, policy makers and researchers with an insight about where and how they can begin to break the trap. It highlights the need for further research into the perspectives of Australian students who study and socialise with their international peers. Key Words : English as a second language, International nursing students, Nursing Baccalaureate students, Nursing Baccalaureate Education


The disadvantages of traditional two-step process of producing medical terpineol were analyzed.The method to improve each process were carried out and the results after the technology improvement project were obtained.After the improvement of hydration process,dehydration process,clarify process and fractionaction process,the application of the new process decreased the energy consumption,radically solved the problem of waste acidic water recovery and improved the product quality.The yield increasing to 6.74 %,α-and γ-terpineol reached 81.8 %,the yield of products reached 93 %.As a result,significant economic and social benefits are obtained.


To the Editor:

We read with great interest the recent guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in adults developed by Broderick et al.1 First of all we want to congratulate the authors for their excellent review about the appropriate management of these neurologically ill patients, but we would like to make some comments. When we read the section concerning the sedatives and analgesics drugs, we remained worried due to the recommendation of etomidate as a useful sedative for these patients.

We absolutely agree with the importance of an adequate sedo-analgesic regimen. However, we must remember that a …


is it more desirable to maintain the biological outlook. We must think in terms of decades and generations. Once the tubercle bacillus has obtained a foothold whether, as rarely, during intrauterine life or at some subsequent date from infancy onwards, the possibilities resulting from bacillary implantation are manifold, and should be kept in view by the thoughtful physician without fuss or exaggeration. If the influence of the harboured bacillus be frequently beneficial, making for immunity against further attack from outside, it is to be borne in mind that the bacillus is highly resistant, and may remain dormant for many a day, encapsuled perhaps in some out-of-the-way corner, still capable of reactivity and reproduction, and, given favouring conditions, of spread in all sorts of directions. No need for me in a company like the present to dilate on those favouring conditions which occur in numerous ways and at numerous stages in conventional human life. These occurrences explain much that were otherwise hard to interpret in the life-history of the tuberculous individual and in mortality tables. It is when you have watched in countless cases the " ups and downs " in the persistent struggle between the invading bacillus and the resisting forces of the host-strong or weak as these may be from time to time-that you begin to understand the mystery of the drama of tuberculous infection, action and re. action, and the interlocking of successive events.


This essay goes through Frederick 2015 (the critique) in some detail, responding to the various paraphrases and criticisms therein. It is argued that in each case the critique is mistaken about what Lester 2012 (Escape from Leviathan: EfL) says, or about what the critique presents as a sound criticism, or both. Introduction: the three problems with the critique and the philosophical problem that EfL is attempting to solve. "Abstract": the critique's confusion about EfL's aprioristic theory of instrumental rationality. There are then detailed replies (too many and too diverse to summarise) to quotations from the critique's confused interpretations and criticisms under the following headings (quoted from the critique): "2. Instrumental Rationality"; 3. Weakness of Will"; "4. Desires and Values"; "5. Free Will"; "6. Self-Interest"; "7. Maximisation"; "8. Morals". Finally, in "9. Conclusion", the philosophical problem for economics is briefly restated. The philosophical interpretation of homo economicus in EfL (as with its overall philosophical theory of libertarianism) has yet to be given adequate critical consideration.


Each of us shares a concern for the deterioration of our environment, its abuse, and misuse. And I know that we share a sense of urgency about the need to halt this deterioration and win the struggle for a clean and wholesome relationship between man and his environment. This concern for the condition of the physical world is not a special interest, but cuts across social and economic strata and across generations. It is the product of a nearly universal understanding of the problem and of the deadly consequences of inaction. There is a growing realization among all of us that pollution control must become a way of life in this nation, and that it must remain a way of life. We know now that in exploiting our resources we have been exploiting ourselves. The Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA), was born of public demand for a cohesive, national effort to defend and enhance the environment. Establishment of EPA as an independent agency, with Administrator William Ruckelshaus reporting directly to the Pres...


The textile industry from Romania is assimilated to the fashion/clothing industry. The main objective of this paper is to present a comparative analysis regarding the average number of employees from all economic activities from Romania and the average number of employees from manufacture of textile products within the same country. For this research was have used data between 2008 and 2018 from the National Institute of Statistics from Romania. The results show that the trend of the textile industry in terms of employees is somewhat analogous with that from all industries. From 2011 to 2018, the textile industry significantly grew in terms of average number of employees: from 28081 employees to 40276 employees, with a growth rate of approximately 43.43%. However, after our analysis, we can approve that the textile industry has a continuously potential to grow and develop in Romania.


What kinds of beliefs or opinions do today's youth hold? What life style is most popular among them? What is the pur pose of life for them? To what extent does religion have an influence on the behavior of youth? What influences do cultural differences have on these matters? In 1972 the Adolescence Policy Headquarters of the Prime Minister's Office in Japan surveyed the opinions, attitudes, and behavior of the youth of Japan, the U.S.A., the United Kingdom, West Germany, France, Switzerland, Sweden, Yugoslavia, India, the Philippines, and Brazil. The subjects of this survey were youth between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four. The survey contained items ranging from their individual life style to their satisfaction with their own society. The author has selected the data from the survey which seem to be most relevant to religion and life styles and offers the following interpretation of such data.


The invention discloses a conference television video output EDID (Extended Display Identification Data) processing method and system, belonging to the field of multimedia video. The method comprises the steps: a drive module of a conference television terminal queries EDID data of a monitor and sends the EDID data to a service assembly module of the conference television terminal; the service assembly module generates a configuration system command according to the EDID data and sends the configuration system command to a system conversion device; and the system conversion device generates a video signal adapting to the configuration system mode according to the configuration system command and outputs the video signal to the monitor. The conference television terminal disclosed by the invention outputs the corresponding video signal according to the queried EDID data of the monitor, solves the problem of unsuitability of video systems and resolutions supported by the video output mode and system of the conference television terminal and the monitor connected with an output interface, and has the beneficial effects of being capable of automatically selecting an output mode and system and being also capable of furthest developing display characteristics of the monitor.


The present invention provides an improved stents and other prostheses for delivering a substance to a blood vessel as well as other lumens and body environment. In particular, the present invention provides for elution stents effective drug treatment with minimal (10) the undesirable loss of an agent effective in the treatment of expanding the stent.


The introduction begins by talking about the spectrum of todays video transmission and storage systems. Next it brings up the fact that now a days our video receivers range from low powered small screen cell phones to large high definition computer monitors. In addition, our connections are quite variable as well. They define "scalability" to be the "removal of parts of the video bit stream in order to adapt it to the various needs or preferences of end users as well as to varying terminal capabilities or network conditions." They offer Scalable Video Coding (SVC) as a solution to the issue presented. The basic concept behind SVC is to enable high quality video encoding by transmitting a bit stream which contains multiple subset bit streams thats can be decoded on their own as well, all while having a complexity and reconstruction quality on par with that of H.264. Next they give a brief history of scalability solutions in the past, stating that they existed but are rarely used due to significant loss in coding efficiency, and far more complex decoding.


: This article critically analyses the EU ' s sustainable finance reforms and argues that the interaction between its regulative and enabling aspects creates mixed messages for governance and market-building. The Regulations adopt an incentive-based approach towards market-building for quality sustainable finance, but lower-level products are not shut out. However, if the market re-sponds to quality signals facilitated by regulatory reforms, the article predicts that market-building may be concentrated in passively-managed indexed products which appeal to retail investors. This market may be dominated by large investment intermediaries who may gain an advantage precisely because of more stringent governance imposed on them. The article further argues that retail investors can be helped by policy bridging between sustainable and digital finance, such as adjustments to the legal duty of suitability to cater for investment advice incorporating sustainability preferences, including robo-advisory channels. The connection between digital and sustainable finance can be highly syn-ergistic in attracting both institutional and retail demand.


This study aims to (1) Assess the level of nurses' burnout in oncology wards. (2) Identify the relationship between nurses' age, years of experience in nursing, years of experience in the oncology ward, the nurse's burnout and quality of oncology nursing care. (3) Find out the differences in nurses' exposure to burnout and quality of oncology care between the groups of age, gender, and educational qualification. For the assess of burnout Syndrome and quality of oncology nursing care we used the questionnaire: (1) Maslach burnout Inventory (MbI) and (2) quality of oncology nursing care scale (QONCS). Respondents consisted of Nurses n=46, who working in oncology ward in pediatric teaching hospital in baghdad City. In our study, out of n=46 Nurses working at the wards of Oncology, most of study participants experience high level of emotional exhaustion (n = 32; 71.1%), Most of study participants experience low level of depersonalization (n = 29; 64.4%) and more than a half of study participants experience low level of personal accomplishment (n = 23; 51.1%). There are statistically significant associations between nurses' age, nurse-to-bed ratio, socioeconomic status and the quality of oncology care.


Summary Immuno-electrophoresis of normal human serum incubated with radiothyroxin and radio-triiodothyronine combined with auto-radiography and special staining for lipoproteins with Oil red O showed that the albumin (identical with lipalbumin), alpha-1-lipoprotein and alpha-2-lipoprotein have the capacity to bind thyroxin and triiodothyronine.


In this research, we have developed standardized procedures for preparing of emission inventories on military sector. The procedures are as follows; 1) Identify all relevant emission sources list of military sector in Republic of Korea. 2) Select methods to estimate GHGs emissions by source categories such as heating boilers, tactical vehicles, military vessels and military aviation from US EPA, IPCC, EEA/EMEP, and ROK Ministry of Environment. 3) Identify and select data sources for activities and parameters from Korea annual oil statistics and Korea Procurement system. 4) Compare with each GHGs emission used by each activities. The conclusive results utilized by emission source categories and associated factors are described as follows; In 2013, GHGs was estimated 2,656 kilotons CO₂-eq emitted by military sector. The diesel combustion contributed from a minimum of 43.8% to a maximum of 50.2% and JP-8 contributed from a minimum of 43.7% to a maximum of 52.8% to the 2001∼2015 GHGs emission trend. In the result of comparing GHGs emissions with Korea Annual Oil Statistics (Tier 1) and supplied fuel through the Korea Procurement System (Tier 2) in 2015, the total GHGs emission was 2,867 kilotons CO₂-eq estimated by Tier 2 is similar to the emission estimated by Tier 1. However, this reveals that the GHGs emission separated by local areas were a lot of different from Tier 1 and 2. The cause of difference between Tier 1 and Tier 2 was that Korea annual oil statistics utilized data from a fuel supplier. The data does not reflect the reality of the location of end user.


The issue with Static Road Dividers is that the number of paths on either side of the street is constant. Since the resources are constrained and population just as number of vehicles per family is expanding, there is huge increment in number of autos or cars on streets. This calls for better use of existing resources like number of paths accessible. Our aim is to formulate a mechanism of automated road divider that can shift lanes, so that we can have number of lanes in the direction of the rush. The cumulative impact of the time and fuel that can be saved by adding even one extra lane to the direction of the rush will be significant


We used a helical polymer backbone (polyacrylamide) as a scaffold to organize perylene diimide chromophores into well-defined foldamers, which further undergo self-assembly into supramolecular tube-like arrays in aqueous media, as revealed by cryo-TEM imaging. The arrays are supramolecular polymers, whose structure is templated by folded primary building blocks, representing a useful tool for directing self-assembly . Exciton migration in the supramolecular arrays was studied by transient absorption and revealed a moderate exciton diffusion propensity.


Several associated thrombophilic abnormalities have been reported in adults with Bcr-Abl negative chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), mostly essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV), but sporadic data are available in younger patients (pts). In order to define coagulation abnormalities in very young pts, we evaluated thrombophilic parameters in MPD pts aged 6/12 yrs (range: 3mo-19 11/12 yrs) diagnosed at the study Institution between March 1980 and February 2005 were tested after informed consent of pts or parents. Twenty-five had a diagnosis of ET (7 familial forms) and 5 had PV, according to the criteria of the PV Study Group; in 2, a diagnosis of MPD with thrombocytosis and erythrocytosis was made. Cytogenetic and molecular studies were normal in all cases. At diagnosis, median platelet count for ET and MPD pts was 1,184 x 10 9 /L (range 611–2,640); median hematocrit level for PV and MPD pts was 54% (range 52–72%). Among the ET cohort, 6 asymptomatic pts received no treatment, 4 were treated with aspirin alone and 15 received cytoreductive therapy. PV and MPD pts were phlebotomized to maintain a hematocrit level 9 /L (range 325–1,120); the median hematocrit level for those with PV and MPD was 53% (range 52–60.5%). Increased PT and aPTT ratios (n.v.


The Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) operates an electricity conservation program for the irrigated agriculture sector in the Pacific Northwest. This paper briefly describes the program, the problems involved in evaluating the program, evaluation, and results. Bonneville found that robust energy consumption models can be specified, that the methods used to prredict energy savings based on physical measurements of pump horse power reductions are accurate and reliable, and that the program is cost-effective to Bonneville and the region.


Consider k independent exponential populations with location parameters μ1,…, μk and a common scale parameter or standard deviation θ. Let μ(k) be the largest of the μ's and define a population to be good if its location parameter exceeds μ(k) –Δ1. A selection procedure is proposed to select a subset of the k populations which includes the good populations with probability at least P*, a pre-assigned value. Simultaneous confidence intervals, that can be derived with the proposed selection procedure, are discussed. Moreover, if populations with locations below μ(k) –δ2, (δ2 > δ1) are "bad", a selection procedure is proposed and a sample size is determined so that the probability of omitting a "good" population or selecting a "bad" population is at most 1 – P*.


Real-time train localization with onboard mounted sensors is a basis for future railway applications. In contrast to infrastructure based train localization with way-side sensors, the onboard train localization uses only train-side sensors and a digital map of the railway tracks. Therefore, the trains are equipped with sensors, e.g. near the train-front and near the train-end. The train-front location and the train-end location are determined on the tracks in track coordinates with absolute train localization methods. A distance on tracks between two locations is determined with relative localization methods. This distance on the tracks can be used to monitor the train length and also to observe the distance between trains. This paper contains an overview of different measurement methods for speed measurement, absolute train localization and relative train localization based on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), magnetometers and RF (radio frequency) ranging.


In the scalable video coding extension of the H.264/AVC standard, an additional inter-layer prediction is combined with the traditional inter-frame prediction and intra prediction to obtain coding efficiency. This additional prediction demands a higher video encoding computational complexity. In this paper, our previously developed fast adaptive early termination algorithm is utilized to speed up the mode selection component of the H.264 scalable video coding at the base and enhancement layers. The experimental results over different content video sequences show a time reduction by 20% to 50% for spatial and quality scalable situations as compared with JSVM9.8 while achieving more or less the same video quality.


Aiming to resolve the problems of the traditional hierarchical clustering algorithm that cannot find clusters with uneven density, requires a large amount of calculation, and has low efficiency, this paper proposes an improved hierarchical clustering algorithm (referred to as PRI-MFC) based on the idea of population reproduction and fusion. It is divided into two stages: fuzzy pre-clustering and Jaccard fusion clustering. In the fuzzy pre-clustering stage, it determines the center point, uses the product of the neighborhood radius eps and the dispersion degree fog as the benchmark to divide the data, uses the Euclidean distance to determine the similarity of the two data points, and uses the membership grade to record the information of the common points in each cluster. In the Jaccard fusion clustering stage, the clusters with common points are the clusters to be fused, and the clusters whose Jaccard similarity coefficient between the clusters to be fused is greater than the fusion parameter jac are fused. The common points of the clusters whose Jaccard similarity coefficient between clusters is less than the fusion parameter jac are divided into the cluster with the largest membership grade. A variety of experiments are designed from multiple perspectives on artificial datasets and real datasets to demonstrate the superiority of the PRI-MFC algorithm in terms of clustering effect, clustering quality, and time consumption. Experiments are carried out on Chinese household financial survey data, and the clustering results that conform to the actual situation of Chinese households are obtained, which shows the practicability of this algorithm.


Aims: To examine the clinical profiles and outcomes of neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus as seen at the Federal Medical Centre Azare, North-Eastern Nigeria. Study design: The study was cross-sectional retrospective. Place and duration of study: Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Azare, Nigeria from 1 January to 31 December 2013. Methodology: Hospital records of patients managed for neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus during the study period were retrieved and analysed. Information obtained included, history, physical examination findings, complications and outcome. SPSS version 17.0 was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 19 cases were admitted during this period, 6 (31.6%) had neonatal tetanus, while 13 (68.4%) had post-neonatal tetanus. The male: female ratio for neonatal tetanus was 1:1, that of post-neonatal tetanus was 1.6:1. The case fatality rate of neonatal tetanus was 50% and 61.5% for post-neonatal tetanus. The mean age of the neonates who survived the disease differed significantly from that of those who did not survive the disease (P=.03). This was also true for incubation period (P= .01). Mean incubation period and onset time for postneonatal tetanus was longer are survivors than non-survivors. However, these differences did not reach statistical significance (P= .59, .50 respectively). The portal of entry of post neonatal tetanus had a statistically significant relationship with the outcome (P= .02). Conclusion: Mortality from tetanus remains high, the importance of preventive strategies in its management cannot be overemphasized in our environment.


Abstract An increasing number of patients with a prior history of stroke present for various types of surgeries. They have varying degree of neurological disability and associated co-morbidities, which pose challenges for their perioperative management. There is paucity in literature about their management guidelines for noncardiac, noncarotid surgeries. The available literature suggests higher risk of perioperative stroke, postoperative neurological deficits, and other morbidities. Measures to reduce perioperative risks are discussed in this review. Prior optimization by improving modifiable risk factors, choosing appropriate timing of elective surgery, and careful titration of anesthesia and close monitoring are needed.


The regional test of 9 new varieties of waxy corn was conducted by Bureau of Agriculture,Forestry and Water Conservancy of Xiang′an District,Xiamen in 2011.In the regional test,Hangyunuo No.8 performed in 5 percent higher yield and better comprehensive traits than the control Suyunuo No.5;Jincainuo 670,YYH106,HNY02,Hongyu No,1 and Jintiannuo 2000 performed in higher yield and better comprehensive traits than the control;while Cuinuo 108,Tianxiangnuo No.8 and Hongcai No.2 performed to be unsatisfied.


The article deals with the sources and reasons for appearance and wide usage of abbreviations in the Russian language, outlining disputable issues related to morphemic segmentation of abbreviations and defining their place in the system of means of derivation. The author singles out thematic groups of abbreviations, analyses their stylistic functions and usage in major functional styles of the language


Objective To study the execution situation of hands washing and gloves wearing in nursing procedures.Methods A total of 122 nurses were surveyed by operation examination combined with site observation about the execution situation of hands washing and gloves wearing in nursing procedures.157 nursing students were surveyed by questionnaires about the cognition of hands washing and gloves wearing.Results Performing rate of hands washing and gloves wearing was lower in clinical practice.Gloves wearing were ignored including the teachers.Inconvenient to operate was the main cause without gloves.So,it was feasible to use alcohol - based hand rub (ABHR) to wash hands during continuous operation.Conclusions The training of standard precaution should be started from nursing school and the pre-job training,and in the nursing procedures it should be emphasized guide lines such as " 6 -steps hand wash -technique",gloves wearing et al.Students should practice in the detail in order to improve the compliance.

Key words:
Nursing procedures;  Hand washing;  Gloves wearing


Introduction: Preeclampsia is a frequent disorder in pregnancy, which leads to maternal and infant risk of variable morbidity and mortality, the late type is the most frequent, knowing the risk factors would help to diminish its presentation and complications. Objective: To establish the risk factors associated with late-onset preeclampsia in the gynecology-obstetrics service 2013 - 2017 at the Hospital Belen De Trujillo (HBT). Method: Case-control study where 124 medical records (62 cases with late-onset preeclampsia and 62 controls) of pregnant women attended in the gynecological-obstetrics service of the HBT between 2013 and 2017 were reviewed. The Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated for the bivariate analysis. and multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression to establish the associated factors. Results: pregestational obesity and maternal age ≥35 years presented association in the bivariate analysis and were maintained as factors associated with late onset preeclampsia in the multivariate analysis (ORa: 2.59 and 3.02, respectively). Conclusion: Pregestational obesity and maternal age ≥35 years are risk factors associated with late onset preeclampsia.


The impact of the Covid 19 pandemi, which began in 2020, has changed almost all aspects of life, especially teaching and learning activities. Teaching and learning activities which are generally carried out face-to-face, during this pandemi, were implemented online or online using the internet media. The use of the internet among ustadz, ustadzah and students of SD IT Ulul Albab is not an obstacle, especially as children in this era grow up with the internet which has become an important part of the surrounding environment and the internet is easily accessed at home, school and other public facilities. From every facility obtained from the internet, of course, it produces 2 sides that are positive and negatif, and to reduce the negatif impact of activities that involve the internet, there is a need for assistance, direction and socialization of the internet in a healthy and safe manner.         In the service that was carried out at SD IT Ulul Alabini, it was given assistance and socialization to ustadz and ustadzah in representing healthy internet access which would then be passed on to their students. From this service, an evaluation was also carried out by distributing questionnaires related to the results of the socialization carried out in conveying the material, that the participants of this service gained added value to utilize the internet media in a healthy manner as a learning tool for 89% of the participants who attended.


Serious adverse effects of propafenone in various dose given intra-venously were noted in 7 out of 8 patients, including marked fall of blood pressure in 6,sinus node depression in 3, acute left ventricular failure in 2, and 1:1 atrioven-tricular conduction leading to a rapid ventricular rate in atrial flutter in 1. Another patient of atrial flutter, receiving propafenone 600 mg/d orally for 9 d, developed complete atrioventricular block with a very slow idioventrieular rhythm and marked fall in blood pressure. It is therefore recommended to use a minimal effective dosage (35 mg) initially and then to increase the dose gradually with caution, especially for those suffered from impaired left ventricular or sinus node function and with conduction defects.


A multi-channels high resolution dispersive interrogator with at a high sampling rate has been developed to measure shocks pressure levels by Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). Two FBG orientations are compared numerically and experimentally. The first one is along the cylindrical target axis, thus the grating spectrum is "blue shifted". The second orientation is perpendicular to the target axis and the grating spectrum is "red shifted". The interrogator uses a femtosecond laser source to cover the C+L band spectrum. The source repetition rate (100 MHz) fixes the spectra acquisition rate. The wavelengths are basically converted to time using a long telecom fiber. The time-multiplexed spectra are recorded with 400 points by a fast oscilloscope (40 GSa/s). The experimental setup is a Tin plate impact on a PMMA target performed in a 35-mm single-stage gas gun. An impact at 510 m/s generates a pressure level of 1.69 GPa during 5 μs. The performance of the dynamic interrogator and the wavelength shifts in the two FBG configurations are discussed.


The main objective of this paper is to analyse the evolution of female athletes' participation in the modern Olympic Games. The investigation is based on a descriptive mode with documental analysis, crossing various sources and bibliography, such as reports and factsheets from the International Olympic Committee and publications of various authors. In order to enrich the content, throughout the article several incursions are made on the conquests that women accomplished and reached over the period of analysis of this paper. The results show an evolution that has been observed since the beginning of the 20th century, with a paradigm shift, where women embark on a journey towards full equality of opportunity. Since no women participated in the first edition of the Olympic Games, it is now expected that in the next editions of the Games the percentage of sport events and athletes, men and women, will be equal, thus achieving the much-desired 50% equity stake defined in Agenda 2020.


Becoming an Indexer. Technical Indexes. Determining Audiences. Achieving Completeness. Criteria for a Good Index. Answering Questions. WORKING WITH TOPICS. Defining Index Elements. Selecting Topics. Describing Topics. Arranging Topics. Handling Special Cases. Alphabetizing the Index. DEVELOPING THE INDEX. Creating Cross-References. Working with Locators. Preparing Index Cards. Automating the Process. Creating Master Indexes. COMPLETING THE INDEX. Formatting the Index. Managing the Index. Editing the Index. Testing the Index. Indexing Tips. CONSIDERING THE FUTURE. Online Indexing. Indexing Standards. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. Bibliography. See Also. Glossary. Indexes.


In scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), structural organizations of atomic arrangements can have a direct impact on their electronic properties. Put another way, the electronic density of states which is probed in scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), will be modified due to different local atomic configurations. In particular, when cleaving a material, depending on the crystal structure and angle of the cleave, the resulting surface can be populated by adatoms which lie in a variety of different structural positions. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a machine learning approach that classifies atoms based on their local structural environment, and subsequently extracts and statistically analyzes the associated spectral characteristics. This method uses hyperspectral datasets in which the structural data is acquired simultaneously and therefore the two are aligned in real space.


In this interview, Lisa Parks shares her reflections on a range of questions that remain central to her research, including what television is at the present moment and might become in the future; how satellites could be treated as part of an integrated history of media; the compartmentalizations of academia; research on surveillance, and the relationship between surveillance and capitalism; the invisibility and materiality of infrastructure, and the significance of field-based research practices; the entanglement of scholarship and social engagement; the emerging Silicon Valley satellite industry, vertical mediation and political resistance; and the urgency of environmental media studies.


Nematic liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) generally show soft elasticity, masking entropic elasticity inherent in crosslinked networks. They macroscopically deform with little stress increase under straining because of the soft shear mode attained by nematic director rotations. Moreover, the nematic interaction in main‐chain LCEs can arrest the ergodic response to cycling strain. It manifests hysteresis, slow relaxation, and increased viscosity, which critically affect their mechanical applications such as actuation and adhesion. Here, it is shown that entropic elasticity fully recovers after photo‐isomerization of azobenzene units incorporated in a nematic LCE. With the light‐induced bent cis‐isomers at room temperature, the degree of soft elasticity, viscosity, and adhesion are tangibly lowered. Mechanical responses rationalize that cis isomers unlock the frozen configurational degree of freedom by reducing nematic order in the same manner observed upon temperature increase. The present results not only unveil how the nematic interaction suppresses entropic elasticity leading to the soft state, but also offer a guide to tuning viscoelasticity toward dynamic mechanical applications.


We review the current status of the cross sections measurement of the top-quark at the LHC and at the Tevatron. Total production cross sections, studies using single top quark events and differential $\rm{t}\bar{\rm t}$ cross sections are discussed. The associated production of top quark pairs with photons, Z and W bosons, including $\rm{t}\bar{\rm t}$Z and $\rm{t}\bar{\rm t}$W measurements shown for the first time at LHCP2014, are presented.


This paper analyzed and deduced the capacity formula of the regulation method with depressing suction valve in reciprocating compressor. The numerical relationship between regulation ratio and pressing-off force was determined. Based on MATLAB GUI func-tionality, the user interface was designed for providing a feasible method for accurately and rapidly determining regulation program.


We consider optimal dynamic pricing under a network externality. We construct the demand dynamic of the network good from the aggregate best response dynamic of agents who have different adoption costs. When the distribution of adoption costs is convex, expansion of potential market inevitably enlarges long-run demand.


The article is devoted to developing Alexandra Exter's system of decorations on the stages of Ukrainian theatres. The principles of stage design, discovered by Exter in the Moscow productions of Famira Kifared (1916), Salome (1917), and others, were viewed and shared as a specific methodology among Kyiv and Odesa artists in the Ukrainian Soviet Republic. The article focuses on scenographic projects of the Ukrainian theatrical avant-garde paradigmatic figures – Vadym Meller, Anatol Petrytsky, and Oleksandr Khvostenko-Khvostov. The early Isaac Rabinovich and Vadym Meller were in the circle of Ukrainian ad-herents, too. Mykhailo Andriienko-Nechytailo, Mykola Sokolov, and many others considered themselves students and followers of Exter in Kyiv. Their stage experience at the turn of the 1910s – 1920s marked the decisive transition of Ukrainian scenography to volumetric-plastic spatial structures that reflected, supported, and contributed to the development of stage action.


Background and aims – Many diatoms have spines on the surface of their valves. These structures differ from one taxon to another. Are all these spines the same? Are they homologues of one another? This paper sets out to explore some of the issues surrounding the determination of homologues with reference to members of Fragilariaceae.
Methods – A variety of spines from species in Fragilariaceae are examined (in the SEM) and position on the valve documented relative to those already recorded in the literature.
Key results – Spines that occur on the valves of some 'araphid' diatoms in Fragilariaceae can be interpreted in the light of where they are found. Spines that occur on the virgae can be thought of as modifications of that structure; spines that occur on the vimines can be thought of as modifications of that structure – the two kinds of spines are not homologues of each other. The term 'spine', on its own, is not useful for understanding taxon relationships; the term 'spine' is not even a character in the comparative biology sense but a descriptive catch-all for something that simply 'sticks out from a surface'.
Conclusions – Systematic characters, those applicable to comparative biology, are modifications of other characters and so are, in one sense, like taxonomies: hierarchical. A consequence of this is that plotting morphological characters on molecular trees of relationships is a futile endeavour – treating characters and their modifications, as if they are static (unit) features of a non-changing entity, is book-keeping not science.


The bacteriological criterion of potable water is the absence of B. coli and its close allies,-aerobic, Gram-negative, nonsporulating bacilli or coccobacilli which produce acid and usually gas in media containing lactose, and which do not liquefy gelatin.' The best test for purity of water, according to standard methods (1917) is a negative presumptive test, i.e., failure of gas formation in lactose broth; water, which in quantities of 10 cc. or more, does not produce gas, may be unreservedly accepted for domestic use. Even if 1 cc. of a given supply yields a negative result, though colon bacilli are present in larger quantities, the water should probably be regarded as merely suspicious. Only the extreme difficulty of ascertaining the presence of the various intestinal pathogens makes us rely upon the more actively fermenting colon bacillus as a criterion of potential pollution. While a negative result permits very definite statements as to the purity of the sample, a positive result, i.e., the formation of gas in the presumptive test, does not necessarily condemn the water. Even if the gas produced be proven due to B. coli the water may be quite safe if no pathogenic organisms have entered the water along with the colon bacillus. Thus the colon bacilli may have had their origin in perfectly healthy human beings free from disease producing micro-organisms, in


Comment on the Waliszewski's article "A principle of fractal-sto-chastic dualism and Gompertzian dynamics of growth and self-organization" (BioSystems 82 (2005)61-73) is presented. It has been proved that the main idea of this work that Gompertzian dynamics is governed by the Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation including anharmonic Morse potential has been already introduced by Molski and Konarski in 2003. Some inconsistencies and mathematical errors in the Waliszewski's model are also pointed out.


Objective To discuss the management and organization of a mass of chloramine poisoning patients,to optimize emergency medical service process and improve the level of emergency treatment.Methods By initiating emergency project promptly,distributing emergency medical staff into six groups,and classifying patients based on severity,then sending to different treatment areas,twenty-seven patients received effective treatment in our hospital.Result All of 27 patients recovered and were discharged from hospital.Conclusion Successful medical treatment depends on mature emergency processes.It can ensure emergency medical care process and enhance treatment success rate of mass casualties by reasonable distribution of human resource,material resources,and coordination of each department of hospital.


We study an economy's response to an unexpected epidemic. The spread of the disease can be mitigated by reducing consumption and hours worked in the office. Working from home is subject to learning-by-doing. Private agents' rational incentives are relatively weak and fatalistic. The planner recognizes infection and congestion externalities and implements front-loaded mitigation. Under our calibration, the planner reduces cumulative fatalities by 48$\%$ compared to 24$\%$ by private agents, although with a sharper drop in consumption. Our model can replicate key industry and/or occupational-level patterns and explain how large variations in outcomes across regions can stem from small initial differences.


Abstract Much attention has been given to the opposition toward the teaching of evolution at the K-12 level and the movement to include alternative theories, such as Intelligent Design (ID), in the science curriculum. However, very little is known regarding the attitudes of community college students toward the study of evolution and the inclusion of ID in biology courses. This lack of information and faculty reports of increased student resistance to and concern over learning this topic led to a departmental pilot study, in which 342 students were surveyed. The majority of students (272) were enrolled in Principles of Biology, a non major biology course at Miramar College in San Diego, California. The survey was also administered to 70 science majors enrolled in Introduction to Biological Sciences I and II, which are core courses for transfer to university programs. The purpose of this project was to better understand our audience and the knowledge and attitudes students bring with them as they enter general biology courses. As a result of the study's findings several strategies were developed to assist faculty in providing students with a firm understanding of evolution as the main organizing principle of biology, but at the same time alleviate some of the anxiety students may experience when learning about the origin and evolution of life on earth. Introduction Among post secondary institutions in the United States, community colleges are the epitome of diversity. Student populations are traditionally more diverse than those found at four year colleges and universities. On a typical community college campus are individuals of assorted academic preparation and ability, age, ethnicity, spirituality, and religious affiliation. Just like any student, the community college student carries his or her personal attitudes and life experiences with them as they enter a course. As a department, we were interested in the familiarity of incoming students with evolution as a scientific concept and whether or not they believed that the theory is supported by evidence. Also, of significance was to determine the principle source of their understanding of the origin and evolution of life on earth. In light of the current national debate over the teaching of evolution and the movement behind including ID in the science curriculum, our department was concerned with student attitudes toward the teaching of evolution and the inclusion of theories other than evolution in science courses. Also contributing to the department's desire to survey students was the notable increase in the last decade in student reluctance to and concern over learning evolution in several of biology courses that are offered on campus. The mere mention of the word as it spoken or written on the board by an instructor seems to cause several in a lecture hall to become wide-eyed and anxious. We were curious as to what was behind this obvious uneasiness seen in students as they begin to learn about evolution. To further illustrate this point, is an experience a faculty member had with a student enrolled in a biology major course that surveyed the origin, evolution, and diversity of life. The student lingered after the first class meeting and introduced himself as a Chinese Evangelical Christian. He went on to respectfully explain that "He had a choice to make. To either make his professor angry or God angry." He was troubled by the course content and concerned about whether he should drop the course for fear of failing. The faculty member assured him that, although the course was taught from an evolutionary point of view, he would most probably be successful in the course. This student appears to be representative of many other students in biology that are uncertain and, at times, struggle with the study of evolution and their spiritual beliefs. Survey Administration and Content The survey was comprised of 16 multiple choice questions, some of which were adapted from a newspaper survey that polled 1,507 adult readers in Ohio regarding the issue of evolution and ID in the K-12 classroom (Cleveland Plains Dealer 2002). …


Objectives: To evaluate quality of life (QOL) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of oral and oropharyngeal region.
Methodology: This is prospective longitudinal study was conducted at ENT department Dow University Hospital and Radiotherapy Department KIRAN from November 2012 to November 2015. It included 56 patients of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity and oropharynx regions who had completed cancer treatment (Wide local excision +/-Neck dissection +/- Radiotherapy). UW QOL questionnaire is taken as the tool to analyze the quality improvement in the domains of pain, appearance, activity, recreation, swallowing, chewing, speech, shoulder, taste, saliva, mood and anxiety. Comparative analysis used to assess all 12 factors associated with cancer patients. A paired t-test was used to compare preoperative and 6 months or more post-operative QOL rating.
Results: Six months or more after surgery, 13 patients were lost to follow up and 9 died. 34 patients completed the UW QOL. Cancer Survivors presented overall significantly poorer QOL. QOL improved in the domains of activity, shoulder pain, mood and anxiety.
Conclusion: This study recommend Quality of life assessment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers which may contribute to functional, psychological and somatic limitations and likely alter the treatment methodology where cure of cancer is equally good for any modality. This study also identifies that cases of early cancer of oral and oropharyngeal region would not compromise QOL of the patients significantly.


In the last years, importance of Enterococcus has been increasing because it is now known as causal agent of difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections, mainly due to their antimicrobial resistance. We identified Enterococcus strains using selective media to isolate it, differential assays for strains identification, and standarized disk-diffussion methods to assess antimicrobial susceptibility. Between march and november 1996, 113 strains of Enterococcus were isolated, 65,4% of which come from vaginal discharges, and the remainder from seminal fluid, urine specimens, faringeal secretions, ascitid fluid, sputum, skin wounds samples, prostatic fluid and uretral fluid. E. faecalis give a total of 88,5% of isolates, followed by E. faeccium, E. pseudoavium, E. avium, E. durans y E. raffinosus. Antibiogram analysis using 13 antimicrobial single drugs and another 2 combined with betalactamase-inhibitors, showed that 97,3% of Enterococcus were ampicillin-sensitive. We concluded that isolated Enterococcus strains show, up to now, a small resistance to ampicillin.


Studies of maxillary overdentures supported by conventional implants often show a high implant failure rate. It was believed that maxillary implants should be splinted to retain a removable maxillary overdenture in order to maintain osseointegration. Materials and Methods: The present study evaluated the clinical performance of new generation of OsteoCare's Midi self-tapping self-drilling one-piece (ball type) implants for the support of maxillary overdentures. Seventy five implants were placed in the anterior maxillary region of 14 patients. A transmucosal flapless procedure was used to place four to six implants for each patient and followed by immediate delivery of an overdenture. The patients were evaluated at 6-month intervals for a follow-up period of 18 months. The clinical criteria to be checked were survival rate, Periotest values, radiographic crestal bone level and patient satisfaction. The results showed that 73 implants had successfully osseointegrated as indicated by the clinical and radiographic examinations. Implant survival rate of 97.3% was attested. The accumulated mean marginal bone loss was 0.88mm at the end of the follow-up period. Patients showed a very high degree of satisfaction of the treatment outcome due to the highly improved retention with partial palatal coverage using horse shoe designed maxillary over-dentures. This procedure has many advantages which include implant placement with minimally invasive transmucosal flapless surgery, decreased postoperative pain and a decreased cost of treatment. Single-stage one-piece implant placement, immediate loading, and transmucosal flapless surgery can result in high success rates when proper techniques are utilized with appropriate patient selection. In conclusion, the use of the Osteocare's Midi one-piece (ball type) implants is a valid unique simple treatment modality to support maxillary overdentures. (Amr Zahran, Mona Darhous, Mohamed Sherien, Tarek El-Nimr, Basma Mostafa, Tamer Amir Evaluation of Conical Self-tapping One-piece Implants for Immediate Loading of Maxillary Overdentures. Journal of American Science 2010;6(12):1774-1781). (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience.org .


As a research establish reservoir safety operation for small dam systems. This study presents hydrologic analysis conducted in the Duckdong and Bomun dam watershed based on various rainfall data and increase inflow. Especially the Duckdong dam without flood control feature are widely exposed to the risk of flooding, thus it is constructed emergency gate at present. In this study reservoir routing program was simulation for basin runoff estimating using HEC-HMS model, the model simulation the reservoir condition of emergency Sate with and without. At the reservoir analysis results is the Duckdong dam average storage decrease with emergency gate than without emergency gate. Also, the Bomun dam is not affected by the Duckdong flood control augmentation.


Laser-produced plasmas are source candidates for EUV lithography. The radiation angular distribution for several target materials is investigated and source debris is characterized.


When I first arrived in New York City, in the early 1970s, I began teaching dance and movement classes to a group of non-dancers. As I invited my students to simply walk across the floor, I realised that most were not able to clearly feel the movements of their legs reaching, or of their feet pushing and pulling against the floor as their arms created arcs of movement by their sides. In fact, upon further investigation, my students and I recognised that they hardly ever paid attention to how they felt as they moved. This was a revelation to me. As a dancer, I had always relished the kinesthetic pleasure of moving in either a choreographed piece or in the movement choreography that composed my daily living. Now many years later, and as a practitioner of gestalt therapy as well as a teacher of its theory and practice, I am still fascinated by the many ways in which we lose touch with ourselves while performing the simplest of movements and how, when unaware bodily experience becomes chronic, such lack of attention greatly inhibits the capacity to adjust creatively and spontaneously within our world. Diminishing a felt sense of our bodies is, of course, part and parcel of developmental trauma and other traumatic experiences. By necessity, the traumatised person must inhibit proprioceptive (shutting down unbearable frustration) and perceptive (shutting out potential danger) capacities (Perls, Hefferline, & Goodman, 1951, p. 263) in order to maintain a sense of safety in the world. However, disowning our bodies in traumatic response is not the only reason we have lost touch. We have created a technologically complex socio-cultural world that tosses the body aside in the supposed service of greater efficiency. Apparently, sensing, feeling and even moving our bodies is just not productive. It appears that the full experience of feeling ourselves as we move has become a lost art. In her book, Putting movement into your life: A beyond fitness primer, Maxine Sheets-Johnstone elegantly attends to that which we all too often neglect: the rich feeling of our bodies moving, as she summons her readers to focus on exploring 'real time movement in your real-time life' (p. 4). In other words, she asks us to notice our everyday movements as a way to enliven daily experience and find pleasure and enjoyment as we sharpen our kinesthetic and kinetic awareness. Most everyone in the fields of dance therapy, somatic psychology, somatic psychotherapy, somatic education, etc. knows of Dr. Sheets-Johnstone through her many articles, books and lectures.


Background Predicting length of stay (LOS) is key to providing a cost effective and efficient arthroplasty service in an era of increasing financial constraint. Previous studies predicting LOS have not considered enhanced recovery protocols in elective hip and knee arthroplasty. Our study aims to identify patient variables in the pre and peri-operative period to predict increased LOS on patients enrolled into the standardised Chichester and Worthing Enhanced Recovery Programme (CWERP). Methods All patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty were enrolled into CWERP using standardised anaesthetic, surgical and analgesic protocols. A data analyst prospectively collated data over 6months from anaesthetic charts and daily ward review from 663 patients between Dec 2012 and June 2013. An independent statistician undertook statistical analysis (program R, version 3.1.1). 80% of the 6months consecutive data (530 patients) were analysed, and predictive variables identified. These variables were tested against the remaining 20% of data (133 patients) predicting a LOS greater or less than our median of 4 days. Results 663 patients were enrolled into CWERP over this period, 54% in hip arthroplasty. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-squared test for association between actual and predicted (dichotomised) LOS being significant (p 4 days: Age > 80 yrs, ASA 4, failure to mobilise on day of surgery, urinary catheterisation and need for blood transfusion. The statistical model when applied to the remaining 20% (133 patients) correctly categorised LOS in 101 (76%) of the patients. Conclusions Identifying patients who fulfil our variables in the preoperative period affords better planning, maximising resources, bed efficiency and discharge planning. This also provides opportunities for financial remuneration for higher risk patients. Level of Evidence 4


The distant metastasis was the most predictive characters of poor prognosis for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). We aimed to evaluate the correlation between patient characters and preferential distant metastatic sites (DMS) and its effects on prognosis.


In view of the shortcomings of traditional multi-objective optimization methods, the Pareto sets of multi-objective optimization problem is provided by introducing population ranking and niche technique into genetic algorithm. The pattern making decision after searching optimum solutions is realized. Several Pareto optimum solutions can be obtained and this weaken designer's transcendental information deficiency problem. An engineering example shows that the pattern is more applicable and effective than traditional one.


The author discusses how exploitation and development of coal seams for methane gas recovery has caught the fancy of the petroleum industry. This resource has the potential to add trillions of cubic feet of marketable gas in the future. Shallow coalbed provinces are estimated to constitute around a 400 to 900-Tcf resource with 10 to 100 Tcf of potentially recoverable reserves. Current U.S. gas reserves are 168 Tcf, excluding Alaska (25 Tcf). Coalbed methane resources occur over a large portion of the United States with 37 states containing some amount of coalbed methane. The author shows the major provinces for coalbed methane.


Introduction EOS 2D/3D imaging system (EOS imaging, Paris, France) is a multidimensional Xray imaging system that is able to acquire high quality images in two perpendicular planes with less radiation than standard imaging techniques. EOS is currently used clinically in scoliosis and lower extremity deformities (leg length discrepancy, angulation deformities, etc). Although technically very promising, the available clinical data from the EOS imaging system are still limited, and its clinical benefits are under further investigation.


Drastic life events like that of a disaster are not easily forgotten. Various narratives emerge to keep alive the memory of a disaster, its precursors and its consequences in the minds of those who experience it. Therefore, disaster memories become an important source of information and learning, not only for the community but also for policy makers who can work towards identifying the precursors and reducing the consequences of a disaster. Discourses in Indian disaster studies have largely ignored the exploration and importance of memory and memorializing practices in communicating disaster risks and climate change. Ontologically speaking, most research in this area has continued to look at disaster as an external, materialistic and objective reality, which has resulted in the production of a large body of literature focused on different types of 'assessment' studies. However, disasters also have an 'experiential' reality, the memory of which results in the formation of memoryscapes with strong psychocultural consequences. Therefore, this article turns its attention to the experience of the disaster and uses the tool of 'communicative memory' to explore the 'experiential' world.


The results of a laboratory investigation in which static load tests were conducted on unbonded concrete overlays are presented. The investigation included study of the critical stresses and deflections that occur when an unbonded overlay of a concrete slab on subgrade is loaded at corner, edge, and interior positions and static loads are applied through varying contact areas. The distribution of stresses in the two slabs (overlay and underlying), whose ratio of thickness was varied, was investigated. The investigation was conducted on model-scale slabs. The construction material used for the model slabs was a microconcrete with high flexural strength. Concrete overlays are seen as an important means of strengthening existing concrete pavements. The use of multiple-layered for the new construction of thick slabs is regarded as an innovation in pavement design. The limitation of existing methods for the design of concrete overlays established the need for the investigation. Load-stress characteristics of the overlay systems are presented, and the effect of the warping of the slabs on these characteristics is analyzed to provide an understanding of the behavior of the pavement. The analysis presented is a forerunner to the establishment of a new method of design.


A numerical method was developed to predict the supercavity around axi-symmetric bodies. Employing potential flow, the proposed method computes the cavity shape and drag force, which are the important features of practical concern for supercavitating objects. A method to calculate the frictional drag acting on the wetted body surface was implemented, which is called the viscous-potential method. The results revealed details of the drag curve appearing in the course of an increase in speed and cavity growth. In addition, the supercavity and drag features of the actual shape of the supercavitating torpedo were investigated according to the different depth conditions.


The tet(O) tetracycline resistance gene, originally cloned from Campylobacter jejuni, mediates resistance by ribosomal protection. Using partially purified Tet(O) protein of 68 000 Da whose identity was verified by ribosomal protection assays, amino terminal sequencing, and immunoblotting using an antibody raised against the deduced 15 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus of the Tet(O) protein, the Tet(O) protein was found to bind to [α-32P]GTP and [3H]GDP using a filter binding assay. [γ-32P]GTP hydrolysis by Tet(O) was also demonstrated and was found to be time dependent with more than 50% of the hydrolysis activity occurring within the first 5 min. The GTPase activity of Tet(O) appears to be ribosome dependent, suggesting that ribosomes act as an effector similar to other G proteins involved in signal transduction.Key words: ribosomes, tetracycline resistance, GTPase, protein synthesis.


A simple method of preparing axillary nodes from breast cancer patients for routine histology is presented. It is based on appreciation of nodal anatomy and the pathophysiology of tumour growth in them Current methods assume that the latter is a random process, but this is not so It has long been known that tumour cells enter via the afferent lymphatics. They may also exit by the efferent. It has not been generally realized that these vessels enter leave the node in the same plane of section, or that a section in this plane, a hilar section, is theoretically the one of choice for the identification of tumour cells in the node. It is shown here that use of hilar sections alone allows the identification of tumour‐free and tumour‐bearing nodes, as well as the tumour status of the efferent vessels, with considerable certainty. The use of random sections, in contrast, carries a high risk of false negative reporting.


Xiaotianchi of Lincheng Country, located at 37°30′N,114°08′E, in the middle area of Taihang Mountains. The preliminary results show that there are 156 species of mosses, including 11 varieties and 1 form and 1 subspecies, blonging to 27 families and 71 genera known from Xiaotianchi. The number of the families consisting of more than 10 species is 6 and the number of the genera consisting of more than 5 species is 6. The families consisting are Pottiaceae, Bryaceae, Hypnaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Amblystegiaceae and Mniaceae. The genera consisting are Bryum, Brachythecium, Entodon, Hypnum, Barbula and Drepanocladus.The bryoflora in Xiaotianchi of Lincheng Country falls into 9 geographical elements. North temperate element made up the majority, approximating to 59.44% of the entirely known bryoflora in Xiaotianchi, and next comes East Asian element, accounting for 15.39%. All temperate elements, not including 11 Endemic to China and 13 Cosmopolitans, add up to 130 species, which take 83.33% of all the entirely known bryoflora in Xiaotianchi. However, there are only 2 Pantropical elements. To all appearances, the mossflora of Xiaotianchi is provided with obvious temperate characters.


Objective To study the toxicity of near-infrared quantum dots(NIR QDs)linked to peptide containing the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid(RGD)sequence(NIR QDs-RGD)in the mice,and to clarify the biological safety of NIR QDs-RGD as a novel tumor treatment method.Methods The probe was prepared firstly by linking NIR QDs to the RGD peptide.Twenty-four BALB/C mice were randomly divided into four groups.In QD800-RGD one injection group,the mice were injected via tail vein with 100μL QD800-RGD(equivalent to 200 pmol of QD800)on the first day;in PBS one injection group,the mice were injected similarly with 100μL PBS;in QD800-RGD two injection group,the mice were repeatedly injected via tail vein with 100μL QD800-RGD(equivalent to 200 pmol of QD800)on the first and seventh days;in PBS two injection group,the mice were repeatedly injected similarly with100μL PBS on the first and seventh days.Fourteen days after injection,toxicity tests were performed,including complete blood cells(white blood cells,red blood cells,hemoglobin,platelets,lymphocytes,and neutrophils)count and serum biochemical analysis(total protein,albumin,albumin/globulin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and blood urea nitrogen).The coefficients of liver,spleen,kidney,and lung weight to body weight were calculated,and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents in liver,spleen,kidney and lung tissues of the mice were detected.The histopathological examination was performed.Results Compared with PBS injcetion groups,the organ coefficients of the mice in QD800-RGD one injection group were decreased slightly,and the organ coefficients of the mice in QD800-RGD two injection group were increased,but the differences between four groups were not statistically significant(P 0.05).Compared with PBS injcetion groups,the number of leukocytes,erythrocytes,lymphocytes and the levels of hemoglobin and platelets were increased,and the number of neutrophils had no significant change;the number of red blood cells,lymphocytes and hemoglobin level in QD800-RGD two injection group were increased;the number of white blood cells and the level of platelets were decreased,and the number of neutrophils had no significant changes;but the differences were not statistically significant between four groups(P0.05).Compared with PBS injection group,the total protein,albumin,albumin globulin ratio,and blood urea nitrogen in QD800-RGD one injection group were reduced;the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were increased;the total protein and albumin were increased,the albumin globulin ratio,blood urea nitrogen,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in QD800-GRD two injection group were decreased;but the differences were not statistically significant between four groups(P0.05).Compared with PBS injection group,the activities of SOD,GSH and the MDA contents in liver,spleen,kidney and lung tissues in QD800-RGD one injection group and QD800-RGD two injection group were slightly increased;but the differences were not statistically significant between four groups(P 0.05).Compared with PBS injection group,the morphology of liver,spleen,kidney and lung tissues in QD800-RGD one injection group and QD800-RGD two injection group were normal,the cells agganged orderly,and no necrosis was seen.Conclusion At the dose needed to produce in vivo tumor imaging,there is no significant toxicity of NIR QD800-RGD in the mice after repeatedly intravenous injection.


Talented managers may leave the firm in order to work elsewhere. Focusing on the portability of managers-resources, we develop a model in which managerial compensation is designed to prevent inefficient departure. The model rationalizes the widespread use of flat salaries in combination with performance-vesting stock options and is consistent with observed differences in compensation contracts across individuals, firms, industries, and countries.


The challenges of providing data services over wireless networks come from, their high reliability requirement under noisy wireless channels. In this paper, we model the noisy channel by a continuous-time Markov process and propose a dynamical packet transmission strategy for data service. The transmission strategy optimization is formulated as a Markov decision process. We establish that the optimal strategy has a threshold structure and develop a single sample path-based optimization algorithm to tune the thresholds. Since only a single sample path is involved, the proposed algorithm can be implemented online.


We should promote the construction and service of digital library resources in order to make further progress, being faced with the characteristics of users' personalized requirement, subject diversification and mobile service. This paper analyzes the problems of the construction and service of digital library resources in universities at present, puts forward the countermeasures of platforms, resources and service innovation and rethinks how to improve users experience, facilitate social resource integration and take advantage of Internet platform.


C2H was prepared by photolysis of acetylene, 90% 13C‐substituted acetylene, or iodoacetylene and trapped in solid argon at 4°K. A complete analysis of all hyperfine‐interaction and g tensor components was made for the randomly oriented 2Σ molecules yielding the following parameters (in solid argon): g∥=g⊥=2.0025(5), A⊥(H)=41(1), A∥(H)=51(1), A⊥(13Cα)=863(1), A∥(13Cα) =980(1), A⊥(13Cβ)=139(1), A∥(13Cβ) =191(1) MHz. Approximate spin densities are compared with an extended basis INDO calculation of Morikawa and Kikuchi. Weak optical absorption spectra were observed at about 10 000 and 3300 A. The former is assigned to an A2∏i←X2Σ transition with (0,0,0) at 10 080 A (in solid argon) where the upper state C–C stretching frequency ν′3 =1560 cm−1. The assignment of the 3300 A system (s) is less definite, but it may involve a B2A′←X2Σ, bent ← linear transition since the observed bands cannot definitely be assigned to an expected B2Σ←X2Σ transition.


Summary Shrimp immunity: Basic concepts and recent advances With the intensification of the shrimp production, based on progress in zootechnology, has increased but has been accompanied by the development of infectious diseases from viral and bacterial. Therefore, a better understanding of penaeid shrimp immune response should help in the design of more efficient strategies for disease control.


The increasing national interest in the role of minority parents in the education of their children has required an in-depth analysis of the effects of home environmental variables on student academic performance and the implications of findings from such analyses for policy and practice. Results obtained from studies on this topic generally have been inconsistent. 1 This inconsistency is said to have originated from the following: (1) invalid assumptions made about the nature and role of home environmental variables, (2) invalid assumptions about group homogeneity originating from a lack of understanding of the differences that exist among and within minority groups, (3) failure to control for the large number of variablesmost notably, socioeconomic status and race-that interact with environmental variables to affect achievement, and (4) the assumption that environmental variables are static variables that can be isolated for analysis. To the contrary, they operate in an interactive fashion with each other and with other social variables within the larger societal context. The resulting patterns have differential effects on achievement. It is now recognized that for an understanding of the home


Introduction Head and neck cancer patients face many demanding events, such as radiation therapy, which can cause anxiety and uncertainty. Studies report that relevant information decreases emotional distress and inadequate communication can lead to increased fear and anxiety. There is a lack of research that describes what radiographers do when they meet the patients. The aim is to explain what radiographers' do that may lead to less anxiety and uncertainty for head and neck cancer patients. Method This study was conducted via qualitative interviews and took on a phenomenological, hermeneutic approach. Eleven head and neck cancer patients were interviewed 1-month post radiation therapy. Results Successful meetings are characterised by the radiographer smiling, being pleasant, referring to the patient by their name, informing the patient thoroughly, asking open questions and answering questions. Conclusion Head and neck cancer patients feel vulnerable and need the radiographer to create a safe atmosphere when they undergo treatment. Then radiographers reduce uncertainty, provide emotional support, reduce loneliness, provide information and create alliances.


The soil is an important resource, which sustains life on the planet. However, its contamination with Cadmium (Cd) may represent a huge threat to all the chain of living beings. Efforts have been done to minimize soil pollution with trace metals, as well as to amend those soils that are already polluted. This study was conducted aiming to determine the efficiency of three binding agents on the immobilization of Cd in three soil types collected from Karanganyar. Soil samples were collected from the topsoil (30 cm) and analyzed in the laboratory for pH, SOM, CTC, soil texture and initial Cd content before treatment. The experimental design was Completely Randomized (3 soil types; 3 adsorbents; 3 replications), and incubated for 24 days in the laboratory. After incubation, pH and Cd content were measured and ANOVA and Tukey's test were performed. The results showed that Dolomite was the best binding agent on immobilization of Cd (95.45%) in each soil, followed by organic fertilizer (92.64%) and charcoal (91.53%). However, in general, all the binding agents showed remarkable efficiency on Cd immobilization in the three soil types. To sum up, this research may positively boost agricultural systems, which is determinant for sustainable development, in particular in developing countries worldwide. In addition, the outcomes may have a great impact on the reduction of soil pollution with agrochemicals and heavy metals. On the other hand, there is a potential to keep and restore ecological sustainability. Apart from this, also could minimize to some extent, climate change and global warming issues through multi-planting strategies, while significantly contributing to achieving food security and economic stability, as well as addressing poverty issues in rural areas.


Dialogue between Liam Gillick and Lucy Cotter, sketching out a topography of artistic research in relation to issues of art production, knowledge work and labour.


The effects of the two β-blockers carvedilol and propranolol and the calcium antagonist verapamil on platelet aggregation induced by ADP, epinephrine, or collagen was examined in the serum of eight healthy volunteers. The inhibitory potential of the three drugs on the arachidonic acid-prostaglandin pathway was measured by the assessment of the formation of the stable metabolite thromboxane B2. Furthermore, the influence of drugs on intracellular cAMP levels was measured in platelets aggregated with ADP, epinephrine, or collagen. All three drugs were able to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by a threshold concentration of ADP, epinephrine (10 μM), or collagen (1 μg/ml) in a concentration-dependent manner, preventing aggregation completely in the high micromolar range. Propranolol is 1.6 and 2.3 times more active than verapamil and carvedilol in inhibiting ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Although the two β-blockers were marginally more potent than verapamil in inhibiting platelet aggregation induced by collagen, this was not statistically significant. Both propranolol and verapamil were slightly more active than carvedilol in inhibiting epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation, a trend consistent with the IC50 values. Intracellular cAMP levels decreased in platelets aggregated with ADP, epinephrine, and collagen. The inhibition of platelet aggregation with the three drugs resulted in a return of intracellular cAMP levels to basal values. Carvedilol and propranolol were of similar potency and around 1.5–3 times as potent as verapamil for all agonists. The formation of thromboxane B2, an end product of the arachidonic acid pathway, could be completely inhibited by the three drugs. Propranolol was 2.4 and 2.1 times more potent than carvedilol and verapamil when platelets were aggregated with ADP. The three drugs were found to be equally potent with respect to epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. Carvedilol was significantly more potent than verapamil and equally potent as propranolol in collagen-aggregated platelets. Propranolol was more potent than its two competitors in inhibiting platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 formation and restoring cAMP levels. With the exception of epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation, verapamil tended to be less potent than carvedilol.


The implementation of the pilot program "Talent Training Model Reform and Open Education of CTVU" is an effective way to accelerate the development of higher education and reduce the distinction of education with the developed areas in the border and ethnic minorities areas.However,the shortage of the experience of running a school and theoretic basis is a problem.The reform of the instructional model is one of major tasks of the pilot program.The study on the instructional model that adapts to the actuality of the border and ethnic minorities areas should be made to provide the theory and guidance for the instructional practice of open and distance learning.


The development of an effective HIV
vaccine is a global health priority. The
highest rates of new HIV infections in
South Africa occur amongst the youth, and a
vaccine will be vital to reduce incidence. Recent
debate about the inclusion of adolescents
in HIV vaccine trials, both internationally and
nationally, is particularly relevant to South
Africa, which harbours more HIV-infected
people than any other country. To date, no preventative
HIV vaccine trials have included
adolescents. Vaccine trials in these age groups
are constrained by unresolved ethico-legal
issues, which are likely to delay licensure for
adolescents should a favourable candidate
vaccine be identified. There is a moral imperative
to resolve these ethical and legal complexities
in a broader debate, so that we may
develop and test vaccines in a way that both
protects and promotes the health of young
people.


INTRODUCTION High power proton particle accelerators in the MW range have many applications including drivers for spallation neutron sources, neutrino factories, transmuters (for transmuting long-lived nuclear waste products) and energy amplifiers. In order to contribute to the development of HPPAs, to prepare the way for an ISIS upgrade and to contribute to the UK design effort on neutrino factories, a front end test stand (FETS) is being constructed at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in the UK. The aim of the FETS is to demonstrate the production of a 60 mA, 2 ms, 50 pps chopped H beam at 3 MeV with sufficient beam quality.


A seventh-order 0.05/spl deg/ equiripple linear-phase continuous-time filter employing log-domain-based instantaneous companding was designed and integrated in a mature bipolar process. The amount of boost (up to 13 dB) and group-delay adjustment (/spl plusmn/30%) are digitally programmable. The dc gain is controllable up to 10 dB, and the -3-dB frequency (f/sub c/) is tunable from 5 to 70 MHz. The output swing for 1% total harmonic distortion is higher than 100 mV/sub pp/, with a 1.5-V supply. The filter consumes very low power (5-13 mW for f/sub c/=70 MHz) compared to conventional implementations (e.g., 120 mW for f/sub c/=100MHz ).


Introduction. Oral health of mentally disabled people in Republika Srpska is
 on very low level. The greatest number of these persons is often edentulous
 or with a small number of teeth with extensive caries, high DMFT index and
 severe periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to determine oral
 health status of people with mental disabilities in the municipality of Banja
 Luka. Material and Methods. Study included 95 patients (45 females and 50
 males), aged 15 to 45 years. The subjects were divided into two groups
 according to the degree of mental impairment: ICD-10 F71 (65 respondents) and
 F72 (30 respondents). Dental assessment included: number of present teeth,
 presence of caries, restorations, number of extracted teeth, presence of
 residual roots, fractures, presence and number of fixed restorations,
 gingival and plaque index. Results. The mean DMFT index in patients with
 severe mental disability was high (17.4), while it was 12.3 in patients with
 mild disability. The mean value of person caries index (PCI) was 100%. In
 addition, the mean value of teeth caries index (TCI) in severely disabled
 persons was 58.1 whereas in those with mild intellectual disability it was
 42.4. Average caries index (ACI) in patients with severe mental disability
 was 16.9 while in the group of patients with mild disability this value was
 10.2. Plaque index in severely disabled people was 2.4, while in the second
 group (mild disability) it was 1.9. Gingival index in patients with severe
 mental disability was 1.8 and in mild disability group it was 1.3.
 Conclusion. People with mental disabilities in the municipality of Banjaluka
 have poor oral health. They do not have habits, attitudes and behavior
 towards oral health.


The curvilinear nature of box girder bridges along with their complex deformation patterns and stress fields have led designers to adopt approximate and conservative methods for their analyses and design. Recent literature on straight and curved box girder bridges has dealt with analytical formulations to better understand the behavior of these complex structural systems. Few authors have undertaken experimental studies to investigate the accuracy of existing methods. This paper presents highlights of references pertaining to straight and curved box girder bridges in the form of single-cell, multiple-spine, and multicell cross sections. The literature survey presented herein deals with: (1) elastic analysis, and (2) experimental studies on the elastic response of box girder bridges.


Gerry says that there are many things needed in the rural area such as • a new high school (Taminmin College is full), • a new community library, • an ambulance centre at Humpty Doo, • a swimming pool (kids have no safe places to swim because of crocs), • a rural art centre/theatre complex, • a major upgrade of the Arnhem Highway, • improved facilities at Freds Pass Reserve, • the completion of the Litchfield Park loop road • a retirement village at Humpty Doo • and there are lots more needs.


Aleksandr Pushkin is a founder who led literature of Russia to independence.He thinks literature is an independent department of industry,which works in a special way,which must keep away from the shelter of influential officials,from the money fetter,and which should not flatter the woman to write,this literature independence consciousness,is the result of its aristocrat rebel's blood relationship,the French literature initiation,national consciousness awakening with the free consciousness,the folk literature's influences as well as the individualistic personality.


ABSTRACT Background : Recent data suggest that serum biomarkers may predict worse outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We examined the association and predictive value of preprocedural levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) with clinical outcomes after TAVR. Methods : We evaluated 243 patients who had undergone successful TAVR and had a valid measurement of baseline CRP level between March 2010 and February 2017. The primary endpoint was the composite of death from any cause or disabling stroke at 12 months. Results : During follow-up (median, 13.7 months), primary outcome events occurred in 18 patients (8.2%), including 14 deaths (6.7%) and 5 disabling strokes (2.1%). Patients with high serum levels of CRP (≥3.0 mg/L) had a significantly higher 1-year rate of death or disabling stroke compared to those with normal CRP levels (16.7% vs. 5.5%, P = 0.009). In the multivariate Cox-proportional hazard model, an elevated level of CRP was identified as an independent predictor of 1-year death or disabling stroke (hazard ratio, 2.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–7.34; P = 0.03). After the addition of information about CRP concentration to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score model, the C-index for the prediction of death or disabling stroke substantially increased from 0.655 to 0.710, and a continuous net reclassification improvement of 0.529 (0.054–1.004) was noted. And there was no significant relationship between the primary outcome and other biomarkers, included B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and troponin I, in our study. Conclusions : In patients undergoing TAVR, elevated CRP levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of death or disabling stroke and also augmented event prediction, suggesting that CRP could be used as biomarker into a risk prediction model for TAVR.


Abstract In view of a more than decade-long power crisis in Pakistan, several studies have estimated income and price elasticities of electricity demand. These estimates are based on electricity consumption data that do not reflect actual demand due to an electricity supply shortfall of up to 6000 megawatts (MW). Moreover, previous studies accounted for power consumption data of only one of the two electric power companies, Pakistan Electric Power Company (P.E.P.C.O.), ignoring the other company K-Electric, with a share of over 15% in country's electricity consumption. This study attempts to revisit electricity demand elasticities in Pakistan at the aggregate and sectoral level by including both P.E.P.C.O. and K-Electric and adjusting the consumption series for load shedding to reflect actual electricity demand. By employing an Autoregressive Distributive Lag model, the study finds electricity demand to be income elastic at aggregate level and in the agriculture sector in the long run, and relatively inelastic in the industrial sector. However, unlike previous studies, the electricity demand is price inelastic at all levels, which is an expected outcome in an economy facing electricity shortages. The coefficients of short-run income and price elasticities are smaller than their long-run counterparts. No evidence of cointegration is found for the commercial sector.


D uring the w eek of O ctober 27, Aquinas' campus was filled with the color blue. The week, dedicated to Autism Awareness, was filled with an events put on by the student organization, Special Saints. With activities varying from tree planting to tie dying, spectators and the AQ community joined together in a discussion of the reality of autism. Code Blue started as a small program in the mind of junior Alan Lally during his high school years. In honor of his autistic younger brother, Lally formed Code Blue to raise awareness for those with disabilities and those that supported them. "M y brother Brendan was put on the autism spectrum... I had no idea what autism [was]," said Lally. "I realized that there were a lot of people who still might not know or understand autism, and I realized that needed to change." Lally cites his brother's struggle as the catalyst behind his movement. "Code Blue for Autism has become something so much bigger than I ever imagined and I'm so glad Aquinas makes it easy for us to stand up for what we believe in>" said Lally. Special Saints is an organization of students in the movement workings tow ards stam ping out the stigm a of disabilities in the community. "We are excited that our first ever Special Saints Awareness Week went so well. We are excited to see the club grow," said sophomore Alex Karatkiewicz, President of Special Saints. "I am thankful for everyone who helped make it happen." The week included activities like a tree planting by the library pond, tie dying for a cause and a discussion in the Cook Carriage House with Assistant Professor of Education, Dr. Gina Gamer. COURTESY PAULINA PEI #CodeBlueforAutism : N elson enjoys the m usical entertainm ent at the Code Blue for A utism benefit Saturday.


A novel probabilistic approach is presented for estimating the equivalent static wind loads that produce a static response of the structure, which is " equivalent " in a probabilistic sense, to the extreme dynamic responses due to the unsteady pressure random field induced by the wind. This approach has especially been developed for complex structures (such as stadium roofs) for which the unsteady pressure field is measured in a boundary layer wind tunnel with a turbulent incident flow. The proposed method deals with the non-Gaussian nature of the unsteady pressure random field and presents a model that yields a good representation of both the quasi-static part and the dynamical part of the structural responses. The proposed approach is experimentally validated with a relatively simple application and is then applied to a stadium roof structure for which experimental measurements of unsteady pressures have been performed in boundary layer wind tunnel.


Believing that children have a preferred learning style based on neuroscience definitions is something many have embraced – but is it a neuromyth? Susan Young urges us to dig deeper, bringing scien...


The article "Epistemic modality markers at the syntactic level: the modal phrase I think" deals with the expression of the epistemic modality at the syntactic level. An análisis of the functioning of the modal phrase I think it is obvious that the expression of epistemic modality is versatile and has numerous shades and nuances.


This paper addresses the study of the seismic response of structures to response-spectrumcompatibleearthquakes.The number of methodologies proposed in the last three decades testifies the importanceof this subject in the scientific community, however the implications of the selection of modeling and hypothesisadopted and the impact on the structural response have not been thoroughly yet highlighted. This paper aimsto compare the response to the widely used Gaussian quasi-stationary and non-stationary approaches alongwith the most novel non-stationary model with imposed variability. The SMART benchmark structure has beenused to compare the impact of the hypothesis adopted in the analysis of the reliability. The major novelty ofthis contribution relies on the evidence that the model adopted for the simulation might conduct to responsessignificantly even for the case of linear behaving structures.


A versatile as possible usable crockery basket (1) for accommodating tableware (2, 2 '), particularly in a dishwashing machine, with at least one foldable holding device (10) to provide that for all types of wash ware, particularly for hollow items of crockery provides an optimal cleaning and drying result has according to the subject invention, the foldable holding device (10) two at a rotatably mounted cross-member (11) fixed, in folding direction approximately by the maximum folding angle offset rows (12, 15) of supports (13 , 16, 16 ') on.


The 5th Generation cellular network may have the key feature of smaller cell size and denser resource employment, resulted from diminishing resource and increasing communication demands. However, small cell may result in high interference between cells. Moreover, the random geographic patterns of small cell networks make them hard to analyze, at least excluding schemes in the well-accepted hexagonal grid model. In this paper, a new model---the matrix graph is proposed which takes advantage of the small cell size and high inter-cell interference to reduce computation complexity. This model can simulate real world networks accurately and offers convenience in frequency allocation problems which are usually NP-complete. An algorithm dealing with this model is also given, which asymptotically achieves the theoretical limit of frequency allocation, and has a complexity which decreases with cell size and grows linearly with the network size. This new model is specifically proposed to characterize the next-generation cellular networks.


Objective To assess the clinical effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on nerve regeneration after complete radial nerve injury in the upper arm, and investigate the parameters and waveforms of the electrical stimulation that can be a best treatment regimen. Methods A total of 28 cases of radial nerve complete injury in the upper arm were involve in the study. After nerve repair these patients were randomly distributed into two groups. Patients were given TENS and medication (electrical stimulation group) or medication only (control group). Electrical stimulation was given to patients in this group 4 to 6 weeks after plaster removal. The regimen for the first month was square wave at 2 Hz, for the second month pulsate wave at 15 Hz, and for the third month pulsate wave at 15 Hz plus muscle stimulation at 60 Hz. Postoperative evaluation included muscle strength of wrist extensors and finger extensors, and compound muscle action potentials.Results Significant therapeutic benefits were achieved in muscle strength and compound muscle action potentials in the electrical stimulation group ( P < 0.05). Shorter recovery time determined by muscle strength and electromyogram activity was observed in the electrical stimulation group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Transcutaneous electrical stimulation has obvious effect on promoting nerve regeneration after radial nerve injury in the upper arm. A better therapeutic benefit can be achieved by optimizing the regimen of parameters and waveforms.

Key words:
Peripheral nerve;  Nerve regeneration;  Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)


Manifestation of a cancer-associated TIF-1 gamma dermatomyositis after COVID-19 vaccine Dear Editor, Reports of vaccine-related adverse events have been growing following the large-scale administration of COVID-19 vaccines, including new onset or flare of an existing autoimmune disease. Postulated theories for the association between vaccination and autoimmunity include molecular mimicry between the host and the vaccine antigen or an adjuvant in the vaccine. Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory myopathy that has rarely been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. We herein report a patient who manifested with clinical features of a cancer-associated dermatomyositis following COVID-19 vaccination. A 44-year-old Chinese male presented to the dermatology clinic for a 6-month duration of facial and body rashes which started 2 weeks after receiving the first dose of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. These rashes worsened after the second dose of the Moderna vaccine, which was given 4 weeks after the first dose. He also reported photosensitivity and intermittent eyelid swelling. He did not have muscle weakness, weight loss, or other constitutional symptoms. He had a history of eczema without other chronic medical conditions and was not taking any long-term or new medications. On examination, there were erythematous plaques over the eyelids, glabella, and nasolabial folds (Figure 1a). He had poikilodermatous plaques over the upper back (Figure 1b), erythematous plaques over the metacarpal and interphalangeal joints (Figure 1c), and occasional dilated nailfold capillaries. Skin punch biopsy from the upper back revealed an interface dermatitis with increased dermal mucin (Figure 2a,b). Direct immunofluorescence was negative. Antibodies to TIF-1 gamma were strongly positive (56 units, normal <50 units). Antinuclear


(I) at least one first ethylene polymer (A) and at least one second ethylene polymer (B) 10 to 50% by weight of a combination of a thermoplastic composition, wherein: the thermoplastic composition containing at least components (i) to (iii) (a) is, for example (a) thus determined 0.87 g / ㎤ to ASTM D792 - 0.90 g / ㎤ density; Melt flow index of 5 g / 10 min - (β) ASTM D1238 (190 ℃ / 2.16kg) 0.3 g / 10 min determined according to the; (Γ) according to ASTM D790 is selected to present a bending modulus of elasticity measured from 5 to 60 MPa; (B) is for example (a) 0.90 g / ㎤ determined according to ASTM D792 - a density of 0.92 g / ㎤; Melt flow index of 10 g / 10 min - (β) ASTM D1238 (190 ℃ / 2.16kg) 0.3 g / 10 min determined according to the; Is selected to exhibit a higher flexural modulus than the (γ) (A); (Ii) a filler, inorganic particles, 35-90% by weight; (Iii) at least one first ethylene polymer (A) and / or at least one second (at 23 ℃) a liquid plasticizer for the ethylene polymer (B) 0.05 - 20% by weight; % By weight of component (i) to (iii) being based on the total weight of the composition.


This article examines the role of the Commission to Study the Organization of Peace (CSOP) as the essential intellectual and political force behind the identification of the Allied cause with the cause of human rights. Well before the Atlantic Charter and President Roosevelt's Four Freedoms, the CSOP called for a new international order rooted in universal respect for human rights. This vision was carried to both policymakers and the American public, resulting in Article 68 of the UN Charter. This Article required the international organization to create a human rights commission, whose first task would be the drafting of an international bill of rights.