Arginylation consists of addition of an extra arginine to an existing peptide chain, thus changing the de facto primary sequence as well as the surface change. This process is evolutionarily conserved and mainly mediated by arginyltransferase1 (Ate1). While earlier studies found that the overall arginylation activity often increases during stressing conditions including heat shock, oxidative stress, and injury, little is known about the role of arginylation or Ate1 in stress response. By using multiple types of eukaryotic cells as test models, we found that Ate1 is a pro‐apoptotic factor. Knockout of Ate1 in cells leads to a retardation of stress response and the diminish of apoptosis and cell death during exposure of high doses of various stressing factors including heat shock, oxidative and osmotic stress, and heavy metal. Oppositely, over‐expression of Ate1 leads to cell death. Intriguingly, we also found that the activity of arginylation is essential for the wellbeing of the cells during mitochondria‐dependent metabolism as well as nutrient‐deprivation. Our data suggests that arginylation is a global regulator for metabolism and stress response, and provides an explanation for the observed role of Ate1 in carcinogenesis and injury.


The history of bridge construction has been analyzed. It is revealed that the bionic approach allows to design bridges to the greatest extent harmoniously forming a cultural landscape, public areas of the city and dynamically developing coastline in order to provide a comfortable living space sphere. This is due to the fact that architectural bionics is the direction that allows to borrow the architectural lines and volumes from nature, to create an object that most organically fits into the natural city environment. Some methodological approaches to the bionic engineering structures design and the possibility of their use in the formation of bridge structures in the modern city structure are highlighted. Some solutions of bridge structures elements, which, when used as components of bionic bridges are proposed. They will improve their efficiency from an engineering point of view.


The pan‐T cell antigen CD5 has been shown to delineate two different mouse B cell subsets, originating from distinct progenitors. In man, on average, 30% of the tonsillar B cell pool expresses this antigen. In the present report, a detailed comparison of the CD5+ and CD5− B cell response to cytokines, following activation via surface immunoglobulins (sIg) or CD40 antigen, was undertaken. CD5+ B cells were positively selected by panning or by sorting from tonsils. Two‐color immunofluorescence analysis performed on tonsillar B cell populations showed that CD5+ B cells displayed most of the phenotypic features of mantle zone B cells. CD5+ B cells could be stimulated for DNA synthesis by mitogenic concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus, Cowan I strain (SAC), insolubilized anti‐IgM antibodies, immobilized anti‐CD40 antibodies and phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA). The growth‐response of small dense CD5− B cells to these T cell‐independent mitogens was comparable to that of CD5+ B cells, whereas the low‐density, in vivo‐activated, CD5− B cells were only marginally stimulated by Ig‐cross‐linking agents and PMA. Following ligation of sIg, both B cell subsets proliferated essentially in response to interleukin (IL)‐2 and IL‐4. When used in co‐stimulation with immobilized anti‐CD40 antibodies, IL‐4 promoted growth of CD5+ and CD5− B cells, whereas IL‐2 displayed only moderate stimulatory effects. CD5+ and CD5− B cells differentiated into Ig‐secreting cells when they were co‐cultured with SAC or cross‐linked anti‐CD40 antibodies and IL‐2. However, IgM constituted the major component of the Ig response of CD5+ B cells, whereas high levels of IgG were secreted by CD5− B cells.


This dissertation pretends to analyze the consequences for the civilians about the fact that States join with paramilitary groups to eliminate armed insurgent groups. This strategy, according with Weber, is based on the waiver of the monopoly of force by the state. Darfur and Colombia are two conflicts where the paramilitaries and the State have a close connection, making the civilian population may be one of the worst affected parts of the conflict. To argue this, the text is divided into six main parts: introduction, theoretical framework, historical context, consequences to civilians, generate debate and, finally, the conclusions.


Three-meter E region irregularities observed by a portable 50-MHz radar on the island of Guadeloupe in June 1977 are shown to have the same properties as 3-m irregularities generated by the gradient drift instability at the equator and in the auroral zones. The irregularities occur when intense sporadic E patches are known to occur, suggesting that they are generated by the gradient drift instability acting on the large vertical gradients in sporadic E patches. Large, rapid E region drift variations observed on two occasions suggest either that the E region electric fields are structured and less than 450 km in horizontal extent, or that E and F region fields couple and decouple intermittently during ionospheric sunset.


The development of alignment techniques has been reviewed. Some kinds of alignment principle are summarized and some typical alignment systems for lithography have been introduced and analyzed in detail .It is come to the conclusion that many high accuracy mask-to-wafer alignment systems will have been achieved soon.


This paper describes a novel approach and its realization for measuring the force distribution within a forming process. Using a modular system integrated between the ram of the machine and the upper die of the forming tool a tool independent application is possible. First metrological examinations will prove the functionality of the system with respect to the detection of process parameter changes and quality indicators. The benefit of such an approach will be shown by means of several use-cases.


Taking into account the decreased number of available lands, the construction of structures on soft soil leads towards the development of soil stabilizing models. This study is aimed at studying the decrement of land resources available, and the design of civil engineering structures on soft soils that will develop the soil impact of nano-SiO2 in the use of clay soil with low liquid limit, in particular shear resistance and unconfined compression. A novel nano-soil stabilizer has been created in this investigation by use of nano-SiO2 activity and ultrafine features that have enabled cement-based stabilizers to increase their characteristics in broad application possibilities. This research aims to examine the influence on soil engineering, particularly the shear strength of clay soil with a low liquid limit to the effect of adding nano-SiO2. Nano-SiO2 has 3 different percentages combined with soil (i.e., 0.5, 0.7 percent by weight of the parent soil), A direct shear test was used to evaluate the shear strength of the specimen, and then the results were analyzed by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to increase the accuracy of outcomes. Increased nano-SiO2 concentration was shown to lead to an increased internal friction angle and cohesiveness on clay soil. The optimal content for nano-SiO2 is 0.7%. ANN could accurately demonstrate the shear strength percentages in nano-SiO2 content.


Efficient vertical mobility is a critical component of tall building development and construction. This paper investigates recent advances in elevator technology and examines their impact on tall building development. It maps out, organizes, and collates complex and scattered information on multiple aspects of elevator design, and presents them in an accessible and non-technical discourse. Importantly, the paper contextualizes recent technological innovations by examining their implementations in recent major projects including One World Trade Center in New York; Shanghai Tower in Shanghai; Burj Khalifa in Dubai; Kingdom Tower in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and the green retrofit project of the Empire State Building in New York. Further, the paper discusses future vertical transportation models including a vertical subway concept, a space lift, and electromagnetic levitation technology. As these new technological advancements in elevator design empower architects to create new forms and shapes of large-scale, mixed-use developments, this paper concludes by highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research in incorporating elevators in skyscrapers.


These two volumes, one a monograph and the other an edited collection, couldn't approach politics more differently even as they share a concern with those from historically marginalized populations. Davina Cooper, in Feeling Like a State: Desire, Denial, and the Recasting of Authority, examines situations in which religious views are pitted against civil rights ordinances in an effort to find out what one can learn about the nature of the state. More specifically, Cooper reviews cases in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom where conservative Christians object to providing a service to gay individuals or couples, and the corresponding actions of government councils and courts in implementing civil rights laws, in order to ''conceptually [reimagine] what it means to be a state'' (p. 2, emphasis in original). The papers published under Lori Montalbano's direction in Gender, Race, and Social Identity in American Politics: The Past and Future of Political Access, on the contrary, direct their attention to the more prosaic, and realistic, task of reviewing specific instances and events of political life in the United States to evaluate the prospects for greater political access for those of color (and from minority ethnic groups), for those who are female, and for those who possess a marginalized or stigmatized social identity. Cooper's Feeling Like a State is an intriguing, challenging, and ambitious volume. Cooper defines her task and goal succinctly in her introduction: ''I want to use the language of statehood to think toward public political governance formations as responsible, activist, and caring; governing in ways that are horizontal, engaged, playful and sensory'' (p. 3). She elaborates by stating that she wishes to think about the possibility of the state in ''progressive hopeful ways'' (p. 3), defining these as imagining the state in terms of greater social equality with respect to power, resources, and freedoms between, within, and beyond existing social spaces; as ways of living more collaboratively and less competitively; and through methods of supporting ecological welfare between people, animals, forms of vegetative life, and landscapes. As she states throughout the book, she wishes to reimagine what the state can be with an eye toward conceptualizing it as a positive influence on men, women, humanity, and the planet. In order to achieve this ambitious project, Cooper examines those cases in which conservative Christians have withdrawn goods, services, or membership from gay individuals on religious grounds and, in response, public bodies have withdrawn ''contracts, employment grants, and subsidies'' from the conservative Christians. She adopts this method because she believes ''the politics of withdrawal'' makes it possible to step away and ''reimagine what it could mean to be a state'' (p. 4), thereby acknowledging that the modern state is plural and contested. In essence, Cooper is asking us to think about how the state might be reformed by different ''cuts,'' leading to new framings, combinations, and separations as a better means of assembling a truly Feeling Like a State: Desire, Denial, and the Recasting of Authority, by Davina Cooper. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2019. 258 pp. $26.95 paper. ISBN: 9781478004745.


Flower infections caused by Erwinia amylovora can be prevented only during the short period of epiphytic colonization. Bacterial antagonists like Erwinia tasmaniensis and Bacillus spp. are able to repress E. amylovora growth at this initial stage and prevent further intrusion of the pathogen. They can be applied as biological control agents if a suitable formulation can be produced. To investigate inhibitory effects of different antagonists and dried formulations, we used several test systems in the laboratory, including co-cultivation experiments, agar diffusion assay and detached-flower assays. A luminescent reporter strain of E. amylovora was used to distinguish between pathogen and antagonist growth. In laboratory studies, application of dry formulations was as efficient as with antagonists derived from batch culture. Samples from test-formulations were also applied in field trials according to EPPO guideline 1/166.


Purpose. Research of stability of preboard arrays of kacharskiy quarry, build heterogeneous, stratified, rocky and strongly cracked mountain breeds by development and perfection of methodology of realization of instrumental surveyor supervisions for prevention of dangerous deformations and providing of safety at the conduct of mountain works. Methodology . The system of the geotechnical monitoring of the state of mountain range is worked out on the basis of introduction of NT with the use of satellite methods of determination of coordinates of hard points, measuring of size of deformations high-fidelity тахеометром on stationary prisms in combination with laser geoscanner of deformation area with creation 3 D of model of array. Findigs. The considerable decline of durable properties of mountain breeds composing a preboard array is set, weakening of their structural connections with increase of humidity of breeds and their cracking. Forming of landslide prism in these the terms contingently the loss of stability of separate pedigree prisms contoured from one side the surface of slope, and from other - by one or a few surfaces of weakening (by the contacts of breeds). The conducted complex supervisions allowed to define speed of deformation and educe the contours of landslide prism. Speed of deformation of landslide in winter time was made by a 12-14 mm in twenty-four hours, a maximal value attained in a spring period and made a 19 mm in twenty-four hours. Originality . A scientific novelty of an offer in-process method is the complex instrumental watching the state of mountain range with the use of high-fidelity laser devices and satellite systems with a construction 3 D of model of array. Practical value. Perfection of methodology of the instrumental watching stability of preboard and dump arrays on the basis of complex combination of the high-fidelity measuring with the use of tacheometer of TA1201 and laser scintiscanner of HDS 8800, that allows to define speed of deformation, educe the borders of landslide prism and create the model of the deformed area for development of antilandslide events with the purpose of increase of stability of mountain range.


Objective To study the expression of P16 and PCNA and their correlation in extramammary Paget′S disease(EMPD).Methods It was used to detect the expression of P16 and PCNA in 34 patients with EMPD and in 20 patients with normal control skin by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of P16 and PCNA was apparently higher in EMPD than that in normal skin tissues(P0.05).There was not a correlation between P16 and PCNA(P0.05).PCNA was associated with lymph node metastasis(P0.05).Conclusions P16 and PCNA may play an important role in the morbility of EMPD,and PCNA was correlated with lymph node metastasis.


The technical report presents implementation of s groups and semi-explicit placement of the Scalable Distributed (SD) Erlang. The implementation is done on the basis of Erlang/OTP 17.4. The source code can be found in https://github.com/release-project/otp/tree/17.4-rebased. We start with a discussion of differences between distributed Erlang global groups and SD Erlang s groups (Chapter 1). Then we discuss the implementation of s groups and the features of sixteen functions that were modified and introduced in global and s group modules (Chapter 2). After that we discuss semi-explicit placement, node attributes and choose node/1 function (Chapter 3). These functions were unit tested (Chapter 4). Finally, we discuss future work (Chapter 5).


It is well‐established that rhythmically bursting (RB) activity in the medial septum is crucial for the generation of the hippocampal theta rhythm, but the contribution of other diencephalic‐pontine structures is less documented. The ventral tegmental nucleus (VTn) of Gudden is related to the Papez's circuit via its interconnections with the medial mammillary nucleus, and therefore it may play a role in the generation of hippocampal theta. In the present study, extracellular activity from VTn neurons were recorded in unanesthetized restrained rats (n = 9). Hippocampal activity (EEG) and electromyograms were recorded simultaneously to identify sleep‐waking states. RB activity was observed in VTn during wakefulness, with periods of hippocampal theta and during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Rhythmicity in VTn preceded theta activity in hippocampus. The frequency of RB neurons in VTn was 5.6 Hz during wakefulness and 6.8 Hz during REM sleep. It was similar to that of hippocampal theta. The rhythmicity was particularly stable and the firing rates were strikingly high during REM sleep. RB activity in VTn was also recorded from urethane‐anesthetized rates (n = 3). Rhythmic firing (4.0 Hz) was slower than in unanesthetized rats and matched the urethane‐related theta frequency. Our results show that neurons in VTn exhibit a marked RB activity during states of vigilance accompanied by hippocampal theta rhythm. They suggest that VTn may be a pontine hippocampal theta generator. Hippocampus 2001;11:809–813. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In Ampere's circuital law, two separate terms are required to describe the contributions to the magnetic field of the charged‐particle current and the ''displacement current.'' In this paper, it is shown how both terms arise by applying the Biot–Savart law to a calculation of the displacement current resulting from the motion of a single charged particle. The conclusions drawn from this calculation are applied to the case of a steady straight current filament.


Tm3+-doped oxide-chloride germanate and tellurite glasses have been synthesized by conventional melting method. Intense up-conversion luminescence emissions were simultaneously observed at room temperature in these glasses. The possible up-conversion mechanisms are discussed and estimated. However, in these Tm3+-doped glasses, tellurite glass showed weaker up-conversion emissions than germanate glass, which is inconsistent with the prediction from the difference of maximum phonon energy between tellurite and germanate glasses. In this paper, Raman spectroscopy was employed to investigate the origin of the difference in up-conversion luminescence in the two glasses. Our results confirm that, besides the maximum phonon energy, the phonon density of host glasses is also an important factor in determining the up-conversion efficiency. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Lockheed Martin Naval Electronics & Surveillance Systems - Surface Systems (LM NE&SS-SS) developed a unique multichip module (MCM) packaging system designed to support low cost manufacturing of electronics for advanced defense and commercial applications. This technology, plastic chip-on-flex (PCOF), is based on the baseline high density interconnect (HDI) technology, invented by General Electric Aerospace (now Lockheed Martin) and perfected as a result of on-going collaboration between Lockheed Martin (LM) and GE. The Lockheed Martin PCOF technology is a key element in reducing costs of microelectronic modules. The HDI interconnect structure is rugged (no wirebonds) and can be designed with controlled impedance transmission lines for sensitive RF interconnections. HDI technology makes it possible to design and manufacture microelectronic modules which are smaller, lighter weight, highly integrated, highly reliable, with predictable/reproducible electrical performance. This paper emphasises several novel aspects of the technology. Benefits include reduced manufacturing cost, increased reliability, and reduced module size and weight.


Bioethanol is ethanol that made by biomass containing with sugar components, starch, or cellulose. Bioethanol is usually used to an ingridient for making liquor, for medical purposes, as a solvent, and that are popular today is the use of bioethanol as an altenative fuel. The use of bioethanol as a fuel mixed with gasoline is called gasohol.
Bioethanol manufacture of 0,3 M sulfuric acid Hydrolysis during 60 minutes which aims break down starch in to glucose, hydrolysis take place during slurry mixed so the Hydrolysis is complete and in order to navoid lumps. After Hydrolysis followed by Fermentation process using Sacharomyces Cereviceae, anaerobic fermentation. After Fermentation followed by Distillation Process using a Pirolisa Bioethanol, Distilled up to 3 hours/variable, to maximize the ethanol performed Dehydration result with Calcium Oxyde for 1 night.
From the Lab work have done, we get the results of ethanol as follows : in the Tank 1A,1B and 1C each Producing Ethanol is 37%, 49%, 59%. While the Tank 2 each respectively 39%, 47%, 61%. Of the Dehydratio process is earned the highest ethanol content in the tank 2C.


Up until recently, a physical SIM card was mandatory to make calls, send messages, and access the Internet using hardware modems, but a physical card has some limitations, especially when it is used within IoT devices deployed in a wide area. eSIM is an embedded alternative of the traditional physical SIM cards, providing the same usability, privacy, and security, but also minimizing some disadvantages of the traditional SIM card. In this work, we explore the usability of eSIM on vertical using 5G that can benefit from adopting eSIM. We start by presenting an overview of eSIM, discuss its main features, compare it to the physical SIM card, and specify the main characteristics of each vertical market.


Some of the major challenges still facing the software industry are use of inappropriate methodology, lack of customer involvement, project complexity, and requirements volatility and management. In this work we propose the use of the complex adaptive system software engineering framework (CASSE) that analyzes value-related aspects of systems development - addressing satisfaction of all project requirements as a measure for project success. We specifically look at actor object operation structures (AOOS) and how they impact on the complexity of project requirements. We demonstrate our approach by analyzing use-case artifact properties and how a change in any properties can impact on project management during the development process. Our results show that the hidden interrelationships enhance implementation prioritization and schedule optimization.Our major contribution is in demonstrating that alternative engineering approaches that analyze AOOSs can enhance the way we understand project complexities, increase customer commitment and generate project value and success.


The invention relates to preparation and application of zinc acrylate-type self-polishing matrix resin for an antifouling coating. The matrix resin has good self-polishing property, and the antifouling coating prepared by using the matrix resin has the characteristics of being long in anti-fouling period, excellent in anti-fouling property, excellent in polishing and drag-reduction performances and the like. The invention provides the anti-fouling coating prepared from the zinc acrylate-type self-polishing matrix resin for the antifouling coating. The matrix resin has good self-polishing property, and the anti-fouling coating prepared by the matrix resin has the characteristics of being long in antifouling period, excellent in antifouling property, excellent in polishing and drag-reduction performances and the like. The anti-fouling coating does not contain toxic substances such as tin and dichloro-diphenyl-tricgloroethane (DDT), has the characteristics of being friendly to the marine environment, simple and convenient to construct, easy to maintain and the like, and can meet the requirements of underwater facilities on the long-term antifouling coating in the sea.


The term nanotechnology was defined by the Tokyo Science University Professor Norio Taniguchi in 1974 (Taniguchi, 1974) as the creation and exploitation of materials in the size range of 1–100nm. Nanotechnology is multidisciplinary across science and includes aspects of research and technology development in many areas of physics, chemistry and biology (McNeil, 2005; Uskokovic, 2008). Nanoparticles are metal particles smaller than 100 nm that can be synthesized in numerous shapes (e.g. spherical, triangular, rods) from various metal ions. Nanoparticles have many different applications and are used in a number of fields, including medicine, pharmacology, environmental monitoring and electronics (Liu, 2006).Myconanotechnology (myco = fungi, nanotechnology = the creation and exploitation of materials in the size range of 1–100 nm) is a new term that is proposed here for the first time. It is defined as the fabrication of nanoparticles by fungi and their subsequent application, particularly in medicine. Myconanotechnology is the interface between mycology and nanotechnology, and is an exciting new applied interdisciplinary science that may have considerable potential, partly due to the wide range and diversity of fungi.The current interest in metallic nanoparticles is due to their variable chemical, physical and optical properties, and recent developments in the field of nanostructures have ensured that nanotechnology will play a crucial role in the future development of many scientific applications. The use of nanotechnology for the synthesis of nanomaterials is a rapidly developing emerging field. Numerous protocols have been developed to synthesize nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes by physical and chemical methods (e.g. Jana


Objective To evaluate the regional wall motion change after different therapeutic protocols in acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients by pulsed-wave tissue doppler imaging(PWDTI).Methods Seventy-two patients were divided into three groups:percutaneous coronary intervention group(PCI,n=30),thrombolysis group(n=27)and conservative therapy group(n=15).We quantitatively measured the movement of the infarct segments with PWDTI one week,1 month and 3 months after AMI.Results There were 382 abnormal wall motion segments in 72 patients.The peak systolic velocities(Vs),systolic velocity-time integrals(VTIs), acceleration of S wave(ACCs)and the ratio e to a(E/A)were all significantly higher in PCI group and thrombolysis group than in conservative therapy group at the 1 month and 3 months after AMI.There was no significant difference between PCI group and thrombolysis group.Conclusions PCI and thrombolysis treatment can significantly improve regional wall motion compared with conservative treatment.


Nondestructive instrumented indentation test is the method to evaluate the mechanical properties by analyzing load - displacement curve when forming indentation on the surface of the specimen within hundreds of micro-indentation depth. Resistance spot welded samples are known to difficult to measure the local mechanical properties due to the combination of microstructural changes with heat input. Particularly, more difficulties arise to evaluate local mechanical properties of resistance spot welds because of having narrow HAZ, as well as dramatic changed in microstructure and hardness properties across the welds. In this study, evaluation of the local mechanical properties of resistance spot welds was carried out using the characterization of Instrumented Indentation testing. Resistance spot welding were performed for 590MPa DP (Dual Phase) steels and 780MPa TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steels following ISO 18278-2 condition. Mechanical properties of base metal using tensile test and Instrumented Indentation test showed similar results. Also it is possible to measure local mechanical properties of the center of fusion zone, edge of fusion zone, HAZ and base metal regions by using instrumented indentation test. Therefore, measurement of local mechanical properties using instrumented indentation test is efficient, reliable and relatively simple technique to evaluate the tensile strength, yield strength and hardening exponent.


Hydrodynamic characteristics and wake structure of flow over a round-ended cylinder is invaluable for the design of associated cylindrical structures such as bridge piers and submerged floating tunnels (SFT). This paper reports the results of a numerical investigation into the flow past a round-ended cylinder and the associated hydrodynamic forces as well as the evolution of vortex structure and boundary layer separation. The effect of incidence angle α, ranging from 0{degree sign} to 90{degree sign}, is examined at a low Reynolds number of 100 based on the projected length. Both the drag and lift forces are sensitive to the incidence angle. When 0{degree sign} < α < 90{degree sign}, boundary layers asymmetrically separate from two sides of the cylinder, giving rise to a time-mean pressure difference that is not perpendicular to the incoming flow direction. There are two directly related results, one is the non-zero time-mean lift coefficient, and the other is the occurrence of a secondary frequency of drag coefficient same as that of lift coefficient. The most forward separation point of upper boundary layer and the maximum size difference of vortices generated from two sides contribute to the maximum time-mean lift coefficient occurring at α = 45{degree sign}. The vortex formation length is shortened with increasing α, resulting in the augment of the fluctuation amplitudes of fluid forces. The enlargement of drag force is mainly attributed to the broadened wake width with the increase of α.


Recently, a new method called image reconstruction by integrating exchangeable single-molecule localization (IRIS) was developed (Kiuchi et al., Nat. Methods 2015, 12, 743-746). IRIS ensures high-density labeling for super-resolution microscopy but can be applied for fixed cells only. Here, we extended the IRIS conception to live cell imaging. We applied Lifeact and MAP4 transiently binding to microfilaments and microtubules, respectively. Green-to-red photoconvertible fluorescent protein Dendra2 was chosen as an efficient tag for single-molecule localization microscopy. Live-cell single-molecule localization imaging with Dendra2-Lifeact and Dendra2-MAP4 was performed. As a result, super-resolved images of actin and tubulin in dynamics in living cells were reconstructed. Importantly, Dendra2-Lifeact provided a higher number of individual localizations and denser labeling of microfilaments in comparison with commonly used Dendra2-actin.


In a thorough discussion of military museums – and in this particular instance, the National Army Museum – there must be a frank and realistic assessment of the limitations that factor into how military history can be depicted. This perspective paper considers two specific aspects of this process. First, it discusses the challenges confronting the National Army Museum when the history it covers cannot be fully depicted in the sterility of a museum setting. Second, it considers how the museum should deal with controversial histories. After all, the history of the British Army is to a large degree a history of war and imperialism, and an entire range of ethical and political perspectives are inevitably involved in the portrayal of that history. This paper examines these challenges – the limitations which can mute the museum's voice – and concludes that once these factors are acknowledged, the National Army Museum's strengths and successes can be clearly understood and better appreciated.


Abstract : The effect of strain rate on crystal lattice distortion was investigated on specimens of St. 10 and St. 45 carbon steels, and 30KhGSA low-alloy high-strength steel. X-ray diffraction pattern examination and microstress and microhardness measurements showed that impact straining at both 20 and -180 degrees C resulted in greater microstresses and microhardness than those produced with static straining. The effect was more pronounced with straining at low temperatures, e.g., at the maximum rate of straining (150 m/sec) at -180C, the level of microstresses was 50 percent higher than with straining at 20C. An analogous increase in the microhardness indicated that the steel strengthening followed a similar pattern. The increase in strain hardening with increasing strain rate was accompanied by a noticeable increase in lattice distortion without any substantial fragmentation of the blocks. (Author)


We introduce "talking-heads attention" - a variation on multi-head attention which includes linearprojections across the attention-heads dimension, immediately before and after the softmax operation.While inserting only a small number of additional parameters and a moderate amount of additionalcomputation, talking-heads attention leads to better perplexities on masked language modeling tasks, aswell as better quality when transfer-learning to language comprehension and question answering tasks.


A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen rates on wheat grain yield and protein content and its physiological basis. The results showed that both wheat yield and protein content were improved with reasonable nitrogen rate. Grain protein content was improved, while the yield was decreased with excessive nitrogen. Assimilating capacity of carbon and nitrogen in source organs of wheat was improved, and the redistribution of stored assimilates in vegetative organs before anthesis was improved as well, and activities of enzymes involving in starch synthesis and nitrogen assimilation were also increased when reasonable nitrogen rates were applied. Wheat grain yield and protein content were increased subsequently. Nitrogen assimilation in source organs and grain were improved, while the activities of enzymes involving in carbon assimilation and starch synthesis in grain was decreased, and the redistribution of stored assimilate from vegetative organs to grain was depressed, which led to the protein content increase and yield decrease of grain in wheat.


Method for measuring the speed of a rolling element (10) in a rolling bearing (12) by measuring and evaluating one of said provided with a magnetization of rolling elements (10) the generated magnetic field, said magnetic field having a ring coil (14) is measured, the approximately is arranged concentrically to the rotation axis of the rolling bearing (12) characterized in that for generating a time-continuous phase signal and / or a time-continuous signal amplitude of a measuring voltage curve of a real linear integral transformation is subjected.


The methylation reaction of Sn(II) with methyl iodide (MeI) in water has been studied using sensitive GC-QSIL-FPD technology. The pH value, amount of MeI and salinity (S) are the three important factors that influence the methylation reaction in an aquatic environment. In all experiments, monomethyltin (MMT) is the only methylation product of the tin(II) reacting with MeI observed. At the 95% confidence level, the pH, MeI and S are significant for the MMT yield. The concentration of MMT in the reactor increases with increase in pH within the selected pH range of 4-9 because four different species of Sn(II)-Sn2+, SnOH+, Sn(OH)(2)(0) and Sn(OH)(3)(-)-have different reaction activities with MeI. The methylation activity of Sn(II) was found to be highest at a salinity of 0.1 M at three different pH levels: 5, 7 and 9. Higher concentration of Cl- (as a relatively weak nucleophilic ion) will obstruct nucleophilic attack of Sn(II) on MeI. MMT production also increases with rising volume of MeI. Moreover, first-order reaction rates have been calculated at different pH, salinity and MeI, and found to be in the range 0.0018-0.0199 h(-1). The reaction rate also varies largely under different reaction conditions. One probable mechanism for the methylation reaction of Sn(II) with MeI is a S(N)2 nucleophilic attack on the methyl group of MeI by Sn(II), via a process of oxidative methyl-transfer. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Whilst clinical programmes are an established and core feature of legal education in the USA, and play a significant role in various other jurisdictions, they are essentially absent from New Zealand. The existence of a marked difference is itself a reason to investigate whether experiential learning should have a place in the curriculum of New Zealand's law schools. This is done by examining briefly the growth of clinical legal education in order to illuminate its purpose; and then considering whether structural differences mean that this does not resonate as much in New Zealand. It is suggested that there are indeed some reasons for caution, in particular that there is a concern around having a two-tier system of legal provision. But it is also suggested that an international human rights clinic could surmount these reasons for caution; and a prospective design for such a programme is developed and its ability to secure the needs of students and clients is assessed.


INTRODUCTION:Nowadays, many corporations such as Apple, General Electric, Shell, Mars and IKEA (Centre for Strategy and Leadership, 2017) implemented corporate university to meet their strategic objectives by training employees for company-specific requirements (Indonesianatempocoa, 2016). Several state-owned corporations and private sector corporations from various industries such as telecommunications, electricity, petroleum, aviation, and banking implemented corporate university in Indonesia (Bagyo). However, to author's knowledge, Indonesia has not put forth specific regulations for implementing corporate university while there are regulations defined by the government for establishing traditional universities (Indonesia Government Republic Law, 2012). Since corporate universities are not regulated, each corporation implements its own university that meets their benchmark. Since they use their own benchmark, the style of corporate university functioning differs from one another. Due to such differentiation, the current study would like to identify whether this differentiation makes impact to the higher education. This study is important because the corporations which have not implemented yet their own corporate university, may refer the benchmark set with this study results.Several researchers previously mentioned about implementation of corporate university. (Pazos & Ruiz, 2013) studied implementation of corporate university in Spain. Corporate universities carry out training for the purpose of knowledge management. Corporate university is not a competitor, but complementary to the traditional university. (Matlay, 2002) also investigated about corporate university, particularly in the United Kingdom. Those universities that seek income are treated as corporate university. They work in collaboration with corporations in Research and Development. (Rademakers, 2005) found that corporate university can drive innovation in corporations. (Dealtry, 2002) found that corporate university can be an engine for change and business development. (Ryan, 2007) mentioned that the corporate university and corporations must help each other in order to successfully develop corporate education program. (Baporikar, 2014) mentioned that corporate university is useful for Human Resources Management, knowledge management, and learning organization.According to (Holland & Pyman, 2006), a corporate university when developed within an organization develop the Human resources strategically important and aligning with the company's goals. This enhances the competitive advantage of the companies. In (Nixon & Helms, 2002) discussed in their case study about an organization and mentioned in detail about the implications and challenges of both corporations and traditional universities. (O'Connor, 2008) found that corporate university improves the training center in terms of capacity, quality and method. In (Eltannir, 2002) mentioned that corporate professionals do get benefited through corporate universities through continuous learning. These corporate universities provide tailor-made training to the employees which in turn increases the productivity and their skills with the advanced IT skills. (Miscamble, 2006) mentioned that corporate university is more aggressive that traditional university since it supports the venture making profit.The studied conducted previously had not defined the differences in the implementation of a corporate university, especially in Indonesian context. The studies conducted so far conducted without such information is included as a baseline for the current study.OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:The research problem is to identify the number of corporate universities in Indonesia and the research question goes as follows.* How many types of corporate universities are implemented in Indonesia?* What is the characteristic that each of these corporate universities possess? …


In this article, it is shown how one can estimate latent means in panel analysis. It is shown how simultaneous estimation of latent location parameters in different groups can be obtained and how latent means can be recalculated using the location parameters along with the stability coefficients. Latent means for attitudes toward guestworkers in Germany are computed for gender, age, and education and are compared with the means from composites based on the observed item means.


Alternative conflict resolution based on conciliation have been identified as a possible response to problems of access to courts deriving f rom the numbers, costs and length of proceedings in the Brazilian's judicial system. Thi s paper focuses on these alternative forms of justice, regarding domestic violence. Usin g ethnographic studies of Women's Police Stations and at Small Claim Courts , we argue that conciliation can be very different in these two institutions of the judicial system. The contrasts between moral values and the symbols used in different forms by t hese two institutions offer elements that can further be our understanding of the contex t in which Maria da Penha Law was created on August 17th of 2006. With the promulgati on of this law, cases of domestic violence against women were excluded from Small Claim Courts in Brazil.


AbstractWe consider the noncommutative two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillatorwith arbitrarily time-dependent frequency ω(t). We determine two commuting invari-ant observables L,Iin terms of some solution of an auxiliary ordinary differential equa-tion and an orthonormal basis of the Hilbert space consisting of joint eigenvectors ϕ λ of L,I. We then determine time-dependent phases α λ (t) such that the ψ λ (t) = e iα λ ϕ λ are solutions of the time-dependent Schro¨dinger equation and make up an orthonormalbasis of the Hilbert space. 1 Introduction Noncommutative space-time structures is an old subject dating back over fifty years toSnyder [1]. The analysis of field theories on non-commutative space-times has become apromising area in theoretical physics [2], and also noncommutative quantum mechanicshas become subject for intense investigations. In the recent work [3] the formulation,interpretation and applications of noncommutative quantum mechanics have been in-vestigated in configuration space with the explicit example of the (time-independent)


The total energy consumed by cellular telephones in the United States is currently estimated at about 750,000 times the energy used by an average home in one year. Moreover, about 7,500 tons of CO2 are emitted into the atmosphere.


India has the highest number of Tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world. Community awareness on Tuberculosis in the general population is of foremost importance in combating tuberculosis in india. To assess the level of knowledge about symptoms, mode of transmission, causation, prevention and treatment relating to tuberculosis in a rural population of mamandur. To study the socio demographic factors associated with awareness about pulmonary tuberculosis Community based cross sectional study was conducted at Rural Field Practice Area of SRM at Mamandur in Tamilnadu. A total of 350 persons participated in the study. House to house interview was conducted using a predesigned, standardized semi structured questionnaire. Overall TB knowledge revealed adequate knowledge in 75.7%. There was significant association between the knowledge on TB among study population and the demographic variables of educational status AOR 2.48 (95% CI 1.46 -4.22), marital Status AOR 2.23 (95% CI 1.21-4.10) and Caste AOR 2.22 (95%CI 1.14-4.34) respectively. Nearly 2/3 of the population have adequate knowledge on tuberculosis. Factors like educational status, marital status and caste were significant association with inadequate knowledge on TB.


Background: As a member of annexin family proteins, annexin A3 (ANXA3) has 36-kDa and 33-kDa isoforms, which plays important roles in aggressiveness, tumorigenesis and drug resistance in tumors. Previous studies mainly focused on the role of total ANXA3 in cancers without distinguishing the distinction between the two isoforms, the role of 33-kDa ANXA3 in cancer remains unclear. Current work established the potential role and regulation mechanism of 33-kDa ANXA3 in hepatocarcinoma.

Methods: The expression patterns of ANXA3, CRKL, Rac1, c-Myc and pAkt were analyzed in hepatocarcinoma specimens by western blotting; The biological function of 33-kDa ANXA3 in hepatocarcinoma cell growth, metastasis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, chemoresistance and the underlying molecular mechanism were investigated using gain-of-function strategyin vitro or in vivo.

Findings: 33-kDa ANXA3 protein was significantly upregulated in cancerous tissues compared with paracancerous non-tumor liver tissues of hepatocarcinoma patients. Its stable knockdown decreased the in vivo tumor growing velocity and malignancy of hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells transplanted in nude mice. The in vitro experimental results indicated 33-kDa ANXA3 knockdown suppressed proliferative, colony forming, migrative and invasive abilities of HepG2 cells through downregulating CRKL, Rap1b, Rac1, pMEK, pERK2 and c-Myc in ERK pathway; inhibited angiogenesis ability of HepG2 cells through inactivating PI3K/Akt-HIF pathway; induced apoptosis and enchanced chemoresistance of HepG2 cells through increasing Bax/decreasing Bcl-2 expressions and inactivating caspase 9/caspase 3 in intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Accordingly, CRKL, Rac1, c-Myc and pAkt were also upregulated in cancerous tissues compared with paracancerous non-tumor liver tissues of hepatocarcinoma patients.

Interpretation: 33-kDa ANXA3 plays vital role in hepatocarcinoma malignancy, angiogenesis and chemoresistance. It is of potential use in prognosis and therapeutics for hepatocarcinoma.

Funding Statement: This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672737, 81272186, 31900517) and Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning (LZ2019003, 20181550168, LQ2017001).

Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Ethics Approval Statement: Tissue use and study protocol were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. All experiment methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.


The decision to outsource convention functions has become more popular because convention planners need quality services to survive and excel in the rapidly changing environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the services outsourced for conventions, outsourcing motivators, factors influencing outsourcing success, and success factors in its decision to outsourcing. According to study results, convention planners do not outsource functions which relate to core convention services including registration, marketing, convention venue selection, and convention management. Most important factors in selecting outsourcing companies were found to be quality of service, level of knowledge and experience regarding convention functions, and ability of performing contract.


It appeared that mother images of distorted characters about three mothers——Wang, Qi Qiao and Fan Yi in Modern Chinese Literature works. The main reason of distorted characters is the traditional morality that depressed the human nature. Human nature, especially the sex, is excluded to the extreme in traditional Chinese culture. But sex is the human nature that can't be controlled by any power.


An upper bound on the average error probability of all possible M-ary optical systems, using large-average photon statistics, has been derived. This bound clearly indicates the superiority of the M-ary system over the binary one in terms of allowable transmission rates below which the error rate decreases exponentially with code-block length. A probabilistic solution for the problem of efficient signal selection has been found and demonstrated with a simple illustration.


Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of a Zn 0 plate (SI-Zn 0 -ATRP) enables the rapid synthesis of chemically diverse polymer brushes from both planar inorganic supports, and fabrics made of natural fi bers. This process enables the controlled formation of polymer-brush layers on a variety of substrates, without the need for either inert conditions or lengthy deoxygenation procedures of the reaction mixtures. The development of oxygen-tolerant, surface-initiated, radical polymerization for the accessible synthesis of polymer-brush coatings on large circumventing the deoxygenation of reaction solid surfaces o ff ered the possibility to translate the synthesis of polymer brushes from fundamental studies into technologically rele-vant processes.


A tool bit for removing orthodontic brackets includes a handpiece-engaging portion, a shaft portion, a curved portion and a working end portion. The curved portion provides sufficient offset to present the end portion in a substantially co-planar relationship with a tooth surface. The working end portion includes at least one beveled cutting surface for cutting away the adhesive and at least one blunt/flat polishing surface for polishing away any residual adhesive that may remain after the bracket has been removed. The tool bit may also include a cooling fluid delivery port. Edges of the beveled surfaces may be serrated. Beveled surfaces and the top surface may be coated with an abrasive material such as diamond grit. These cutting surfaces are used to cut through the adhesive layer bonding the bracket to the tooth.; The tool has a blunt/flat second edge surface for polishing away any remaining adhesive after removal of the bracket.


Abstract This research studies the effect of water-alcohol Papaver rhoeas L. (P. rhoeas) extract on mouse ovaries and in vitro development (IVD) of oocytes. Different dosages of P. rhoeas extract (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg body weight) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) during a period of 12 days. Following superovulation, the numbers of ovulated oocytes, the rates of in vitro fertilization, IVD and the cellularity of blastocysts were recorded. Additionally, effect of the best dosage on ovarian follicle population and the ability of immature oocytes to mature in vitro were evaluated. Administration of 200 mg/kg significantly increased the percentage of 4–8 cells, morula and blastocyst embryos compared to the control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, total cellularity of blastocysts was significantly higher with the administration of 200 mg/kg of extract in comparison to control group (p<0.05). Therefore, the most effective dosage was considered to be 200 mg/kg. With the administration of 200 mg/kg no marked changes were observed in the IVM rate of retrieved oocytes from treated group in comparison to control group. Furthermore, the percentage of ovarian follicles was not significantly different when compared to control group. Also, during visual evaluations no abnormal apoptosis was detected in follicles of ovaries treated with 200 mg/kg when compared to control group. Higher IVD and blastocyst cellularity in the group treated with defined dosage of P. rhoeas indicates that the extract affects ovaries in a dose dependent manner. The extract possibly increases the quality of ovulated oocytes and IVD competence of oocytes.


Antibody production is key for effective immune response and relies on follicular helper T (Tfh) cells. B cell‐Tfh cell interactions result either in an extra‐follicular low affinity B‐cell response or in germinal center reactions producing high‐affinity memory B cells and long‐lived plasma cells. As Tfh cells influence B‐cell commitment, it also became clear that B cells influence these interactions in ways that still remain unresolved. We observed that strong BCR signals decreased Tfh‐cell differentiation in vitro, which correlated with decreased expression of ICOS‐L at the surface of stimulated B cells. Further, we comprehensively demonstrated that ICOS‐L expression correlated with the level of Tfh differentiation irrespective of antigen presentation at the surface of activated B cells. Our in vivo experiments could show that immunization with a high‐affinity antigen for B cells resulted in much less Tfh development than immunization with low‐affinity antigen. Furthermore, blocking ICOS‐L in vivo inhibited Tfh development when using low‐affinity antigen. Altogether, these results indicate that BCR affinity shapes Tfh‐cell development in part through ICOS/ICOS‐L interactions. Ultimately, we reveal new depths in the B cell‐Tfh cell crosstalk that could eventually result in better vaccine protocols.


Use of an adsorbent and a sealed package (e.g. an overwrap) to protect a pharmaceutical product in a solid state in the presence of a reducing sugar.


Suggested modifications of the theory of reasoned action, which conceptualize the functional operation of the attitudinal and normative components in intention formation as separate, separate but contingent, and inseparable, are discussed. The model structures are examined with regard to the underlying psychological assumptions (psychological meaningfulness) and with regard to the required scale levels for the model variables, so that the results of model tests are invariant under the admissible scale transformations (formal meaningfulness). Using a procedure that combines "optimal scaling" with hierarchical regression analysis, the model variants are tested for women's (n= 89) and men's (n= 89) intentions to use contraceptive methods (pill, intrauterine device, condom, and natural methods) that require the model variables to be measured on interval scales. The results strongly favored the theory of reasoned action above the other model variants. Only for the subjective norm model was a better model fit found for a belief-only model compared to the original product-sum model. Gender differences were found with regard to the salient belief sets and the explanatory power of the normative model component.


The food and non-food terms from big stores deserve a thorough analysis: in today's self-service shopping, labels mentioning these denominations sell the products, together with the brand of the concern making them; second, this increasingly international terminology is currently coined or corrected with marketing and publicity specialists; last but not least, these terms include a series of vulgarized scientific ones which help understand vulgarization mechanisms.


PySAL is an open source library for cross platform geospatial data science. PySAL contains a family of 15 packages for different specialized areas of spatial data analysis, from geoprocessing, geovisualization, exploratory spatial data analysis, spatial machine learning, and confirmatory spatial analysis. The workshop focuses on a subset of PySAL dealing with geoprocessing, geovisualization, exploratory spatial data analysis, and regionalization.


Plant breeding through mutation techniques has the main purpose to explore genetic diversity in the presence of useful traits for developing new plants. Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) is a widely used chemical to induce mutations in plants focused on obtaining genetic variation. EMS can induce random points of mutations and some of which can create new stop codons in the desired gene. EMS has been successfully used to generate morphological diversity and encourage the improvement of desired traits. The 3-month-old Dendrobium gabriella suryajaya Orchid protocorm-like bodies (PLB) treatment with EMS concentrations of 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.075% can change genetic diversity, especially in leaf morphology. A total of 105 orchids were soaked in EMS solution at concentrations for 12 and 24 hours respectively. The phenotypic variations observed in this population include changes in leaf color and the number of buds. This EMS mutant population will be used for further studies including screening for various traits such as through ISSR analysis to determine the level of diversity. This research shows that mutagenesis using EMS can produce the amount of variability in Dendrobium. The generation of variability for desired traits resulted in the identification of several mutants with important agronomic characteristics that can be used as germplasm for improvement.


The Umbrella Movement (Sept-Dec 2014) represented a watershed for
 Hong Kong's political culture and self-understanding. Based on over
 1000 slogans and other textual and visual material documented during
 the movement, this study provides an overview of its claims. The slogans
 mobilize a diversity of cultural and historical repertoires that attest to
 the hybrid quality of Hong Kong identity and underscore the diversity of
 sources of political legitimacy. Finally, it is argued that by establishing
 a system of contending discourses within the occupied public spaces,
 the movement strived to act out a type of discursive democracy, which
 represents an unfinished attempt to build a new civic culture among
 Hong Kong's younger generation.


This paper proposes a new structure and control scheme for future microgrid-based power system, which is designed to achieve a seamless operation in both islanded and grid-connected modes, while the load is appropriately shared by all units (i.e., renewable sources, energy storage systems and the grid). The proposed method, which involves physical separation of the microgrid from the grid by using AC/DC/AC converters, ensures safe, secure and seamless operation of both modes. Such a "buffered" structure enables reduction in the transmission losses by reducing the exchanged energy with the grid through using a dead-zone in the control of the buffering AC/DC/AC converter. An inverse-droop control technique has been implemented to control the voltage magnitude and frequency, using current control in the dq-frame. PSCAD/EMTDC software has been used to validate the proposed method through simulating different scenarios. The solution provides a simple, smooth, and communication-free decentralized control for multi-sources microgrids. Moreover, the proposed buffered structure separates the dynamics of the microgrid and the grid, which enables a faster microgrid voltage and frequency control and protects the grid and the microgrid from faults on the other side.


With the increase of the importance of the South Caucasus after the collapse of the Soviet Union, regional and global powers have tried to product new policies to have a relationship with the counties of the region. The regional countries such as Russia, Turkey and Iran have more advantageous than other states but the determination of the policies of these states are different from each other. For instance, Iran's approach is based on the pragmatist politics and the country to try to balance its policies in the region in terms of Armenia and Azerbaijan. The main aim of this article is to determine the different aspects of Iranian foreign policy preferences towards Azerbaijan and Armenia in the context of pragmatism.


The corruption of the administration of officials is the greatest and the most serious corruption and the origin of all corruptions. After the middle period of 1990s, owing to various complex reasons, there has appeared such corruption phenomena characterized by running about government officials and wanting government officials, buying and selling government officials and still by the tendency of such concerned phenomena as turning to multi - cases, open and semi - open, large amount of capital and high position.. Why such things are repeatedly forbidden but cannot be stopped, on the contrary, become more and more violent. It is because that in addition to complex reasons, one of the important causes lies in that there exist malpractices in the present political system and power operating mechanism, which mainly show as; there exist serious shortcomings in the power structure; the power of the main leading officials is still over centralized and is not or less limited; "power - duty - benefit" mechanism is crooked; "power - benefit gets great"; "power-duty" turns empty; power supervised weakly and punishments carried out objectively lead to great amount of corruption. For the purpose of preventing and eliminating such things as running about government officials and wanting government officials, the most important things are realizing the innovation of political system and the power operating mechanism.


Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania INFN/TC-98/25 7 Ottobre 1998 THE MULTIDETECTOR "CHIMERA" MOTHERBOARDS SYSTEM D. Nicotra*, G. Saccà*, M. D'Andrea*, F. Fichera*, N. Guardone** *INFN Sezione di Catania, Corso Italia 57, 95129 Catania (Italy) ** Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Catania, Corso Italia 57, 95129 Catania (Italy) A B S T R A C T This report describes a system, designed for the analog front-end of the multidetector "CHIMERA" and the adopted procedures for reduce the crosstalk, due to electromagnetic coupling or through the preamplifiers common power supply lines. An accurate study of the current limiting circuit and of the power supply filter, which are provided the motherboards, by using SPICE simulation is also presented. 2


Hydrogeomorphic studies on relationship between sediment discharge and hillslope environments are reviewed. The relationship is affected by alteration of vegetation, volcanic eruption and wild fire, and is explained as follows. Firstly, poor vegetation lets hillslopes susceptible to shallow landslides and promotes sediment discharge due to high runoff coefficient (ratio of surface runoff to rainfall) and slope instability without binding effects of root network of trees. On the other hand, saturation with trees on hillslopes would suppress shallow landslides owing to low runoff coefficient and slope stability with binding effects of root network of trees. However, the saturation is one of primary causes of deep-seated landslides at dip slopes in geologic zone of accretionary prism. Secondly, volcanic ash fall often induces activation of sediment discharge from hillslope due to an increase in slope runoff. The increase in slope runoff is brought about by a drastic decrease in infiltration capacity and the land degradation of vegetation loss. Similarly, wild fire often induces activation of flash flood and sediment discharge from burned hillslopes. The activation is brought about by two causes: One is increase in hillslope runoff due to drastic decrease in infiltration capacity forced by newly formed hydrophobic (water repellent) soil layer, and the other is vegetation loss by wild fire. Although the altered hydrogeomorphic parameters of hillslope would recover to pre-alternation level often along an asymptote of exponential function, the recovery at post-wild fire is generally much faster than that at post-volcanic eruption. We should be aware of risk of hazards implied by hydrogeomorphic alternation above mentioned from a view point of hazard mitigation against various types of sediment discharge.


The purposes of this research are to prove empirically about: Financial Statement Disclosure in Entire Indonesian Province; to prove empirically about The Condition of Local Government Internet Web; to prove empirically about Financial Statement Disclosure Design Method based on Web-ICT with index full disclosure method to realise the local government performance and good governance government in Indonesia. The problem formulation in this research is that the average of financial statement disclosure conducted by each local government in Indonesia are below 50%. In addition, the use of internet in searchings of news information into second place by 78.49%, in searchings of information on goods and services are third at 77.81%, while information retrieval government institutions ranked fourth amounting to 65.07%. The research method is descriptive method, the research objects all of the Local Government in Indonesia, and uses purposive sampling techniques. The result are that the disclosure of financial statement across the province can be explained as follows: Balance (47%); Realization Report and Budget (60%); Cash Flow Statement (50%); Notes to the Financial Statements (17%). For financial statement disclosure all cities in Indonesia: Balance (28%); Realization Report and Budget (39%); Cash Flow Statement (23%); Notes to the Financial Statements (10%). While the disclosure of financial statements of all districts in Indonesia: Balance (18%); Realization Report and Budget (29%); Cash Flow Statement (13%); Notes to Financial Statements (7%). Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) in 2013 discovered 1,871 cases of alleged violations of the rules of the Local Government Finance Report (LKPD) and Regional Owned Enterprises (enterprises) in the second half of 2012. The value reached Rp 1.17 trillion. Keywords: Financial Statement Disclosure , Web, Disclosure


Combining both approaches of fabricating photovoltaic cells and designing solar modules using polycarbonate in the form of nanospheres and panels is an innovate approach in solar cells technology. Polycarbonate nanospheres was employed to control the position of the growth of silicon nanowires using the technique of Nanoscale Chemical Templating. The grown silicon nanowires were catalyzed via Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) technique at the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) or UHVCVD reactor. The bottom-up grown nanowires were doped with aluminium (Al) throughout the growth process then the p-i-n junctions were formed material. The conventional silicon cells or the innovative ones can be incapsulated in a polycarbonate flexible-surfaces. The polycarbonate material will allow us to further increase the performance of the devices and decrease the overall costs. The study presents concepts along with their experimental proofs presented as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs, and optical characterizations. The proposed method is also flexible, as it is amenable to both standard lithography techniques and self-assembled patterning techniques.


Adverse drug reactions are a common and important cause of injury to hospitalized patients, but just how common are they? This meta-analysis extracted


Biohydrogen production by fermentation has become a promising technology developed in the world. In this study, diluted normal molasses wastewater is used as the raw material, and biohydrogen production efficiency and operation characteristics of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) are studied. The effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on biohydrogen production efficiency and operating characteristics of ABR is extensively discussed. Experimental results showed that methanogen residuals were still observed in the last three compartments under HRT of 24 h and COD(Chemical oxygen demand) concentration of 8000 mg/L. Meanwhile, the first three compartments presented an ethanol fermentation type. The characteristics of butyric acid fermentation in Compartment IV were also enhanced. The average removal efficiency of COD was reduced to 15.4%. The average rates of biohydrogen production and specific biohydrogen production were 12.85 and 360.22 L/kg COD, respectively. The extension of HRT was beneficial to enrich hydrogen-producing acetogens and could increase the production rate of biohydrogen by a factor of 1.65. However, with the decrease in the bioactivity of acidogenic fermentation bacteria, the biohydrogen production efficiency of ABR was significantly reduced when HRT was longer than 30 h. The specific biogas production rate decreased from 191 to 92 L/(kg MLVSS·d). The specific biohydrogen production rate also decreased from 24.34 to 2.7 L/(kg MLVSS·d).


This study examines the market valuation of accounting earnings during the period before it is publicly revealed that the earnings are fraudulent. Using both cross-sectional and time-series valuation models, we first find that the market accords less weight to earnings when the accounting numbers are fraudulent. We also show that the market better anticipates the presence of fraud when there is information in the public domain indicating a high ex-ante risk of fraud. Our findings suggest that investors are able to accurately assess the probability of fraud and that such assessments affect the market's valuation of earnings even before it is publicly announced that fraud has occurred.


EVERYBODY knows that radio has penetrated deeply into modern life, and a good many people will be saying so as radio celebrates its silver anniversary this year. But Mr. Ackerman's article is the first systematic survey of the dimensions of American broadcasting. Mr. Ackerman writes from a center of knowledge about American radio. He is Director of the Reference Department of the Columbia Broadcasting System.


To fix the traffic problems in the developmental process of small towns, the planning method of a small-town traffic system is imminently asked for studying and improvement. For this reason, this paper combines the node important degree and traffic location theory into a system to propose a new planning method of a small-town traffic system by stating and analyzing the traffic problems of small towns. This method is used for transit traffic system planning and interior traffic system planning of small towns respectively. Finally, the case cited in the paper demonstrates that this method could solve the traffic problems existing in small towns effectively and ensures the stable and rapid development of small towns.


Many wind turbine designs employ induction machines, operating as fixed speed, squirrel cage generators, or as variable speed, wide slip and double fed induction generators (DFIG). In order to study, prototype, and demonstrate the effectiveness of each design, an electro-mechanical model of a wind turbine power train has been constructed at an approximate scale of 1:1000, relative to a utility-scale wind turbine. The power train model includes the rotor, the gearbox, and the generator. The model was characterized under a range of steady state conditions. Electrical measurements were made with a commercial power quality analyzer, and rotational speed measured with a contact tachometer.


Within foreign policy and academic circles in the United States and other western countries, retrenchment has become an increasingly controversial topic. In spite of the increased attention, there have been few empirical studies that rigorously examine the outcomes of great power retrenchment. In this paper, we seek to fill this gap by performing a quantitative analysis of great power retrenchment outcomes from 1870–2007. Counter to the retrenchment pessimists' expectations, we find that retrenchment leads to relatively positive outcomes for declining states. States that choose to retrench experience shorter periods of economic decline and are less likely to be the target of predatory conflict initiation.


The demand of self- testing proportionally increases with memory size in System on Chip (SoC). SoC
architecture normally occupies the majority of its area by memories. Due to increase in density of
embedded memories, there is a need of self- testing mechanism in SoC design. Therefore, this research
study focuses on this problem and introduces a smooth solution for self- testing. In the proposed
memory test algorithm, the self-testing as well as self-repair mechanisms are incorporated. This
scheme repairs the detected faults and is easily integrated with SoC design. Here, an attempt has been
made to implement the memory built- in-self- repair (MBISR) architecture to test and repair the faults
from the embedded memories. It is little, and it supports at-fast test without timing penalty during its
operation. The proposed method is a better alternative in speed and low area overhead. Thus, it plays a
significant role in yield improvement.


H_2O_2 oxidation hydrothermal crystallization method is employed for the preparation of ultra-fine WO_3. The WO3 powder has been characterized by laser scattered particle analyzer, specific measuring and testing instruments, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and TG/DTA respectively. The particle size decreased with increasing hydrothermal treatment temperature, but it is benefit to form hexagonal phase of WO3 with increasing hydrothermal treatment temperature. The characterizations show that the average particle size is about from 10 to 60nm.The morphological structure is irregular.


We apply the bootstrap technique proposed by Kosowski et al. [J. Finance, 2006, 61, 2551–2595] in conjunction with Carhart's [J. Finance, 1997, 52, 57–82] unconditional and Ferson and Schadt's [J. Finance, 1996, 51, 425–461] conditional four-factor models of performance to examine whether the performances of enhanced-return index funds over the 1996 to 2007 period are based on luck or superior 'enhancing' skills. The advantages of using the bootstrap to rank fund performance are many. It eliminates the need to specify the exact shape of the distribution from which returns are drawn and does not require estimating correlations between portfolio returns. It also eliminates the need to explicitly control for potential 'data snooping' biases that arise from an ex-post sort. Our results show evidence of enhanced-return index funds with positive and significant alphas after controlling for luck and sampling variability. The results are robust to both stock-only and derivative-enhanced index funds, although the spread of cross-sectional alphas for derivative-enhanced funds is slightly more pronounced. The study also examines various sub-periods within the sample horizon.


It is a Common heritage of English and American liberals to denounce state absolutism, to deny it as regimentation, paternalism, etc. etc. Indeed, Englishmen and Americans have always been inclined to adopt a condescending attitude towards other traditions which seemed to exalt state power. French and German, Russian and Italian tendencies have in turn been pictured as "naturally" inclined toward state "absolutism," and when anyone in rebuttal mentioned Hobbes or Bentham or Austin, the "exceptional" position of these thinkers has been emphasized. Still, can there be any question that the idea of the state as an ultimate source of authority has been as strong in Great Britain as anywhere? For reasons which will become plainer in the course of the argument, English-writing thinkers have accordingly been in the vanguard of those who sought to construct the "state" as the "highest" of all human communities, thus following out the Aristotelian heritage. In spite of all the titter-tatter about national character, muddling through and the rest, the fact remains that Britain has provided us with the most radical, deep-laid expositions of an "absolute" state. This much admitted, one might add that the limited state also has found eloquent and epoch-making exponents in English-speaking lands. In short, the whole gamut of modern political philosophy has been most thoroughly expounded in English.


The mechanism of plasmapause formation based on interchange instability and a Kp‐dependent magnetospheric electric field model, enables us to determine the position of the plasmapause as a function of Kp and local time. We illustrate here how this physical mechanism is able to account for the formation of shoulders like those observed by EUV on IMAGE. A wide variety of other structures observed by IMAGE like tails (also called plumes), and notches are also obtained with this mechanism for the formation of a "knee" in the high altitude cross‐L distribution of the cold plasma density distribution.


Cell assemblies are groups of interconnected neurons which become capable of self-sustaining, reverberatory activity through repetitive activation. The mechanisms proposed by Hebb are underconstrained and may not be sufficient to allow for the formation of cell assemblies. The authors goal was to arrive at the minimal requirements for the formation, persistence and reliable activation of simulated cell assemblies. They demonstrate that: (1) an anti-Hebb rule is needed to decrease the saturation of cell assembly activity, (2) a synaptic modification rule which decreases synaptic weights when post-synaptic activation occurs in the absence of pre-synaptic activity (post-not-pre) is necessary, but not sufficient, for stable assemblies, and (3) simulated dendritic trees must 'be partitioned into independent regions of activation. Furthermore, neither a synaptic modification rule for inhibitory synapses, nor a rule specifying a decrease in synaptic weight when pre-synaptic activation occurs in the absence of po...


ABSTRACT This paper identifies some of the ethical problems encountered when Western-led military forces conduct operations designed to improve the condition of women in modern conflict zones. We rely on examples from recent conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, where commanders were required to direct some of their capabilities toward female-based initiatives. Critics have charged that such initiatives were not adequately linked to doctrine-based training, and also that the methods used to build relationships with women were unsuccessful because they were not properly integrated into the broader mission. We go further, and reveal how female-based initiatives essentially contributed to instability because they created multiple ethical pitfalls faced by the primary agents of change; military commanders, male leaders in conflict zones, and the women intended to be beneficiaries of those initiatives. Arguably, if Western-led military forces can address the ethical concerns we identify, then they will be in an improved position to advance human rights in a way that better accounts for cultural nuances and is therefore more humane.


The invention relates to new peptide fragments capable of stimulating neurite outgrowth, stimulating of cell survival, stimulating neural plasticity associated with memory and learning, and modulating cell motility. The biological activity of the peptide fragments is associated with their capability of binding and activating a neurotrophin receptor of the Trk family. The peptide fragments of the invention comprise an amino acid motif which is essential for binding and activating a neurotrophin receptor of the Trk family. The invention also concerns pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and uses thereof for prevention and/or treatment of conditions and/or diseases, wherein neurotrophing, Tkr receptors and/or NCAM play an important role, and wherein stimulating of neurite outgrowth, cell survival, neural plasticity associated with memory and learning, and/or modulating cell motility is beneficial for treatment.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of obesity and sarcopenia among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients in Korea. The...


Summary

Phosphate adsorption isotherms were determined for four synthetic amorphous aluminosilicate gels with A1: A1 + Si molar ratios of 0.29 to 0.88. The concomitant silicate release and acid consumed to maintain the pH of the suspensions constant were also measured.

The adsorption isotherms were analysed applying a two-term Langmuir equation–assuming two types of sites. The experimental points fitted the predicted adsorption curves only up to a certain amount of phosphate adsorbed. The deviation at high phosphate adsorption values suggested the presence of more than two types of adsorption site.

A comparison of phosphate adsorbed with the silicate released and acid consumed to maintain the pH constant indicated that, for a 3 h reaction time at concentrations below about 10 μmol cm−3, phosphate exchanges mainly with aquo and hydroxo ligands and with adsorbed silicate. At higher concentrations phosphate is adsorbed (i) on sites arising from the disruption of hydroxy aluminium polymers in the gels and (ii) by the displacement of structural silicate.


The tape carrier package of the present invention, is mounted on the other surface of the wiring, the tape base material is installed on one side of tape base material provided with a semiconductor chip having an electrode connected to said wiring and electrically. The wiring is extended to the opposite end from the univariate end of the tape base material, the additional intermediate wiring in the middle of the both ends and a connection portion to be connected to the electrode.


In this article, we describe the underlying reduced scheme of a quaternionic unitary Rapoport–Zink space with Iwahori level structure. In a previous work, we have studied the quaternionic unitary Rapoport–Zink space with a special maximal parahoric level structure. We will describe the morphism between these two Rapoport–Zink spaces and the fibers of this morphism. As an application of this result, we describe the quaternionic unitary Rapoport–Zink space with any parahoric level structure.


1 Abstract— This project is immersed in the existing world problems on the need of substituting the coatings in the clinker producing ovens in the cement companies that are currently of chrome-magnesite due to the fact that they are potentially pollutant since they release during their hexavalent chrome to the environment. A viable option is the incorporation of spinel blocks since they comply with the necessary requirements of a refractory material and they do not pollute. These spinel blocks are made using as a raw material the iron residue of the "Antillana de Acero" iron plant, where 60 tons a day are produced. We incorporate to this residue the mineral called cyanite without magnetic separation from the Las Nuevas, Isla de la Juventud where there is a 100,000 ton reserve. Both raw materials are located in Cuba.


The high ferromagnetic ordering temperature of the dilute, rare-earth-bearing, intermetallic compound GdFe2Zn20 has been understood as being the consequence of the Gd3+ moment being embedded in a nearly ferromagnetic Fermi liquid. To test this understanding in detail, single crystals of the pseudoternary series GdFe2(AlxZn1-x)(20) (x Disciplines Condensed Matter Physics Comments This article is published as Ni, N., S. Jia, G. D. Samolyuk, A. Kracher, A. S. Sefat, S. L. Bud'ko, and P. C. Canfield. "Physical properties of GdFe 2 (Al x Zn 1− x) 20." Physical Review B 83, no. 5 (2011): 054416. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.054416. Posted with permission. Authors Ni Ni, J. Jia, G. D. Samolyuk, A. Kracher, A. S. Sefat, Sergey L. Bud'ko, and Paul C. Canfield This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/physastro_pubs/675 PHYSICAL REVIEW B 83, 054416 (2011) Physical properties of GdFe2(AlxZn1−x)20 N. Ni,* S. Jia,* G. D. Samolyuk,† A. Kracher, A. S. Sefat,† S. L. Bud'ko, and P. C. Canfield Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA (Received 18 October 2010; revised manuscript received 7 January 2011; published 15 February 2011) The high ferromagnetic ordering temperature of the dilute, rare-earth-bearing, intermetallic compound GdFe2Zn20 has been understood as being the consequence of the Gd3+ moment being embedded in a nearly ferromagnetic Fermi liquid. To test this understanding in detail, single crystals of the pseudoternary series GdFe2(AlxZn1−x)20 (x 0.122) and YFe2(AlxZn1−x)20 (x 0.121) were grown out of Zn-rich solution. Magnetization, heat capacity, and resistivity measurements show that, with Al doping, the ferromagnetic phase transition temperatures of the GdFe2(AlxZn1−x)20 compounds decrease from 86 K (x = 0) to 10 K (x = 0.122); for the nonmagnetic analog, the YFe2(AlxZn1−x)20 series, the Stoner enhancement factor Z decreases from 0.88 (x = 0) to 0.35 (x = 0.121) in a similar manner. Tight-binding linear-muffin-tin orbital atomic-sphere approximation band structure calculations are used to rationalize this trend. These results, together with the earlier studies of the R(Fe1−xCox)2Zn20 (R = Gd and Y) series, clearly highlight the importance of band filling and the applicability of even a simple, rigid-band model to these compounds. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.83.054416 PACS number(s): 75.10.Lp, 75.30.−m, 75.20.Hr, 75.50.Cc


Algorithm synthesis transforms a formal specification into an efficient algorithm to solve a problem. Algorithm synthesis in Specware combines the formal specification of a problem with a high-level algorithm strategy. To derive an efficient algorithm, a developer must define operators that refine the algorithm by combining the generic operators in the algorithm with the details of the problem specification. This derivation requires skill and a deep understanding of the problem and the algorithmic strategy. In this paper we introduce two tactics to ease this process. The tactics serve a similar purpose to tactics used for determining indefinite integrals in calculus, that is suggesting possible ways to attack the problem.


Since there is no method to directly measure proton conductivity in the catalyst layer in PEFC even though proton conduction in the catalyst layer is one of the critical factors for high performance and durability. A method to directly measure proton transport resistance in the catalyst layers was investigated by sandwiching a sample layer by two Nafion® membranes to block electron transfer, and two gas diffusion electrodes to reduce gas diffusion resistance, in this study. Direct current was applied to the system in the hydrogen atmosphere, and measurements for proton transport resistance were performed in various sample layers. As a result, proton transport resistance in sample layers was successfully evaluated, and such measurements lead to improvement of current-voltage performance of PEFC.


With the development of remote sensing for the land environment, the microwave scattering of bare land attracts more attention. Comparing Gauss rough surface, the surface with exponential correlation function shows better agreement with natural environment. In this paper, the scattering characteristics of rough surface with exponential correlation function are investigated. The monostatic and bistatic scattering results simulated with integral equation method (IEM). By comparing the results of desert, gobi and soil environment at X and Ku band, the effects of key parameters on the scattering characteristics are analyzed. The research in this paper is expected to possess an application value in the microwave remote sensing for the land environment.


Armagh Travellers Support Group provide support to travellers to identify and address needs. They have previously completed a Level 1 project and this project seeks to build on that but with another pharmacy. This will be delivered through workshop...


The distribution of the normalized critical transport current (critical current normalized with respect to the original value) of Bi2223/Ag/Ag alloy composite tape under bending strain of 0%–0.833% was studied experimentally and analytically. The experimental results were analyzed by a modeling approach based on the relation of the heterogeneous damage evolution to the distribution of the critical current. The main results are summarized as follows. (1) The measured distribution of the critical current values varying with bending strain was described well by the present approach. (2) When all specimens were damaged at high bending strains (0.338%–0.833% in the present work), the distribution of the critical current of the bent-damaged specimens was expressed by the three-parameter Weibull distribution function, the reason for which was revealed. (3) The distribution of the irreversible strain was estimated, with which the influence of the increase in the fraction of damaged specimens on the variation of c...


The pressure driven flow of power-law fluids in microchannels subject to electrokinetic effects is analyzed in this work. The Cauchy momentum equation together with the power-law fluid constitutive equation is used to describe the power-law fluid flow in a slit microchannel with consideration of a body force resulting from the interaction of the charge density in the electrical double layer of the channel and the flow-induced electrokinetic potential. By using an appropriate approximate scheme, an expression for the induced streaming potential is obtained. The velocity profile, volumetric flow rate, apparent viscosity and friction coefficient are analytically evaluated, and the influencing factors including ionic concentration, wall zeta potential, flow behavior index and pressure difference are investigated. It is found that the pseudoplastic fluids are more susceptible to electokinetic effects than the dilatant fluids and then the flow characteristics of the pseudoplastic fluids are found to deviate dra...


An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in curing some diseases in infants in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria was carried out between February and June, 2012. Ethnobotanical data were collected by oral interview with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire administered to fifty (50) respondents made up of traditional medical practitioners (TMPs), herbalists and herb sellers. From the survey, a total of 63 plant species belonging to 33 families were found to be useful in the treatment of cold, malaria, fontanel, diarrhoea, typhoid, chicken pox, measles and small pox. Recipes used in the treatment of these ailments were documented. Herbal remedies were either prepared from dry or freshly collected plants while the traditional solvents of choice includes water, pure honey, lime and aqueous extracts from fermented maize. The methods of preparation were decoction and infusion while method of administration ranges from 1 drop to 1 teaspoonful daily. Survey revealed that leaves form the major part of plant for herbal preparations. Residents in the study area find the traditional medicine cheaper as compared to orthodox medicines. It is therefore implicated that efforts should be made on how to improve on documentation, conservation and standardization of the medicinal plants in Nigeria. Also, attention of the scientists and health officials should be drawn to the importance and various uses of the medicinal plants and they should intensify on the research to reveal other concealed values.


We used the distorted-wave approximation (DWA) and first-order many-body theory (FOMBT) for the calculation of integral cross sections (ICS's), differential cross sections (DCS's), and electron-impact coherence parameters (EICP's) for electron-impact excitation of neutral magnesium for several transitions. In the case of 3 {sup 1}{ital P} excitation, we studied the basis-set dependence of the ICS's, DCS's, and EICP's, we investigated the effect of unitarization on these quantities, and we compared the DWA with FOMBT. We also studied the principal-quantum-number dependence of the EICP's for {ital n} {sup 1}{ital P} ({ital n}=3,4,5,6) excitation.


—Multidimensional profitability analysis is an important element of management accounting, which can be used for measuring and analyzing management results from different dimensions, to provide supports for enterprises' internal management and managers' decision-making. As a modern information technology, business intelligence can be used in the process of multidimensional profitability analysis well. Take company Y as a case study, this paper demonstrates how business intelligence provides supports in the whole process of multidimensional profitability analysis, and summarizes the superiorities and relevant precautions.


Therapeutic laser is an increasingly popular tool used in veterinary medicine. Therapeutic laser for veterinary patients aids the body's natural healing process, decreases healing time, alleviates pain and inflammation, and helps to delay progressive diseases. Therapeutic laser can be used immediately following procedures, in postoperative healing, and in a variety of disease processes. Therapeutic lasers are potentially dangerous tools and should be used with caution by trained veterinary nurses. When used properly, the therapeutic laser penetrates the patient's tissues to aid in cell regrowth and reduce pain and inflammation. In order to properly utilise this tool, the veterinary nurse must know what a therapeutic laser is, how it works, and how to handle it properly for each case. Once these concepts are mastered, therapeutic laser can be used by the veterinary nurse, under the supervision of the veterinarian, on a daily basis to help patients with a variety of needs.


Background  SDZ ASM 981 is a selective inhibitor of inflammatory cytokines released from T lymphocytes and mast cells, which has been developed for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.


Those involved in scholarly publishing are coming to recognize how open access to this body of work can increase its value and reach. Yet no one economic model of open access prevails. Rather, open access is being achieved through a variety of forms that include author self-archiving, immediate (sponsored) open access, delayed open access, and article-processing-fee open access.  These open access models are each the result of a stratified scholarly publishing market that can be roughly grouped among independent journals, scholarly society publishers, and commercial publishers. Each of these three market segments is experimenting with forms of open access that hold promise for sustaining, if not extending, the segment's market position. This paper reviews the economics of these open access models, while drawing attention to the consequences of this market stratification for access to knowledge and the sustainability of scholarly publishing as a whole. Artiklen 'The Stratified Economics of Open Access' er skrevet af den drivende kraft bag OJS og hele Public Knowledge Project, John Willinsky. Laes mere om John Willinsky pa Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Willinsky


This report presents proposed AASHTO load and resistance factor design (LRFD) specifications for structural supports for highway signs, luminaires, and traffic signals. The proposed specifications are arranged in three divisions: (1) design according to LRFD methodology; (2) construction, including material specifications, fabrication, and installation; and (3) asset management, including inventory, inspection, and maintenance. In addition, the report provides details regarding the reliability calibration process and results. Sixteen comprehensive design examples were developed to illustrate the application of the new specifications. The report includes the Research Report, which documents the entire research effort, and the Calibration Report (i.e., Appendix A). Appendix B: AASHTO LRFD Specifications will be published by AASHTO. Other appendices are not published but are available on the TRB website. These appendices are titled as follows: Appendix C: Design Examples; Appendix D: Survey Results; and Appendix E: Fatigue Resistance Comparisons.


The ever-increasing requirements for aircraft control systems lead to their more complex structure and, consequently, synthesis. Thus, there is a need to develop and improve control algorithms that can meet these requirements. To develop control systems for high-precision aircraft, it is important to analyze how adaptive control systems are used. The paper examines the aircraft control system with one-parametric adaptation homing in the final section of the trajectory. The analysis of the test trajectory of the aircraft movement allowed us to establish the criteria for selecting the adaptation parameter. We comparatively analyzed the parameters, found a method to estimate their efficiency, and demonstrated the operation procedure of the adaptive system on a typical model of an aircraft moving in the atmosphere when homing in on a fixed target. The study gives the results of numerical simulation and shows the high efficiency of the method developed.


The research on BA Jin in the new century has entered into a widen and extensive stage.In the 21 century,the study about the relationship between BA Jin and the culture is still very popular.The achievement on BA Jin′s research mostly focused on his works,such as Family Story,Cold Night,Qi Yuan.Furthermore,the research on his family story has become a new hotspot.His prose,esp Sui Xiang Lu, is still a keystone in this field.The modern research on BA Jin pays more attention to his production spirit,personality structure,intension,moral conception and literary sprit.Some researchers started to use the new method to do the study and have got some profound achievements.However,there are still some shortcomings in the modern research.