We explore some of the consequences of dark-matter\char21{}photon interactions on structure formation, focusing on the evolution of cosmological perturbations and performing both an analytical and a numerical study. We compute the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and matter power spectrum in this class of models. We find, as the main result, that when dark matter and photons are coupled, dark matter perturbations can experience a new damping regime in addition to the usual collisional Silk damping effect. Such dark matter particles (having quite large photon interactions) behave like cold dark matter or warm dark matter as far as the cosmic microwave background anisotropies or matter power spectrum are concerned, respectively. These dark-matter\char21{}photon interactions leave specific imprints at sufficiently small scales on both of these two spectra, which may allow us to put new constraints on the acceptable photon\char21{}dark-matter interactions. Under the conservative assumption that the abundance of ${10}^{12}{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ galaxies is correctly given by the cold dark matter, and without any knowledge of the abundance of smaller objects, we obtain the limit on the ratio of the dark-matter\char21{}photon cross section to the dark matter mass ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{DM}}{/m}_{\mathrm{DM}}\ensuremath{\lesssim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{Th}}/(100 \mathrm{GeV})\ensuremath{\simeq}6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}33} {\mathrm{cm}}^{2} {\mathrm{GeV}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$


TPS4171 Background: Chronic stress suppresses the immune system and promotes cancer cell growth. In animal studies, we reported that this is mediated by the beta-adrenergic (BA) pathway. We further showed that concurrently blocking the BA pathway with β-blockers (BB) can improve immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy. Our retrospective data analysis revealed that esophageal cancer (EC) patients taking BB for other non-cancer reasons while receiving chemoradiation had significantly better survival and distant control than those not taking BB. We hypothesized that blocking the effects of adrenergic stress with a commonly used BB, propranolol, will improve response to therapies in EC patients. Methods: This is an open-label, non-randomized, phase 2 study of propranolol combined with pembrolizumab and standard chemotherapy in frontline unresectable/metastatic EGAC. Eligible patients must be treatment-naïve, have adequate organ function, have an ECOG performance status of 0 –1, and be able to swallow and retain oral medication. Patients with Her-2 positive cancer, active autoimmune disease, active HIV, Hepatitis B or C, or a history of non-infectious pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease that requires treatment, are ineligible. Patients who are on BB for various indications are also ineligible. Eligible patients will receive mFOLFOX6 every two weeks in combination with pembrolizumab 400 mg intravenously every six weeks and propranolol 30 mg orally twice daily. The mFOLFOX6 dosing regimen will consist of dl-LV 400 mg/m2 and oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 followed by bolus 5-FU 400 mg/m2 and a 48-hour infusion of 5-FU 2400 mg/m2. The study will include an initial safety lead-in cohort of six patients. The primary endpoint is the overall response rate (ORR) determined by RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints include safety, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and ORR as determined by iRECIST. Correlative studies will assess baseline levels or changes in the levels of biomarkers, like, peripheral T-cell subsets/myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC)/cytokines/ and perceived stress scale PSS/chronotropic effects of exercise with efficacy (ORR, PFS, OS). Assuming a historic ORR of 50% with standard treatment, 37 evaluable pts are needed to show a 20% increase in ORR with our proposed treatment with 80% power at a one-sided significance level of α = 0.1. In stage 1, n1= 23 evaluable pts will be enrolled. If there are 13 or more ORRs, an additional n2= 14 pts will be enrolled in stage 2. If 24 or more ORRs are observed in the total n = 37 evaluable pts, the proposed treatment regimen will be considered promising for further study. The study is currently open to enrollment. Clinical trial information: NCT05651594 .


Given a subspace S of operators on a Hilbert space, and given two operators X and Y (not necessarily in S), when can we be certain that there is an operator A in S such that AX = Y ? If there is one, can we find some bound for its norm? These questions are the subject of a number of papers, some by the present authors, and mostly restricted to the case where S is a reflexive algebra. In this paper, we relate the broader question involving operator subspaces to the question about reflexive algebras, and we examine a new method of forming counterexamples, which simplifies certain constructions and answers an unresolved question. In particular, there is a simple set of conditions that are necessary for the existence of a solution in the reflexive algebra case; we show that — even in the case where the co-rank of X is one— these conditions are not in general sufficient. In a sequence of papers ( [2], [3], [4] ) the authors have studied the possibility of solving the operator equation AX = Y , where X and Y are given Hilbert space operators and A is an operator to be found. In those papers, the operator A is required to lie in the algebra associated with some commutative subspace lattice. Certain necessary conditions were derived in [3] for the existence of such an operator, and, in [4], we showed that those conditions are not sufficient. The construction of the counterexample in [4] was somewhat complicated, and the structure of the algebra studied there is obscure. In this paper we suggest a new way to construct counterexamples, which — on the one hand — connects the problems of finding unknown operators in CSL algebras with the problem of finding them in other operator subspaces, and — on the other — allows us to answer some unresolved questions about the sufficiency of the conditions derived in [3]. Throughout, H will represent a separable Hilbert space with inner product 〈·, ·〉; H will sometimes be finite-dimensional. A subspace is a closed linear manifold, and we will often identify the subspace with the orthogonal projection whose range it is. If L is a collection of projections (or subspaces) that is closed under the operations of meet and join, it is a lattice. If, in addition, it contains the zero and identity operators, and is closed in the strong operator topology, it is called a subspace lattice. If the projections in L all commute with each other, then L is a commutative subspace lattice, or CSL. The collection of operators that leave invariant all the projections in L is called Alg L, and it is easy to see that Alg L is a weakly closed algebra of operators. Standard terminology refers to the collection Alg L as a reflexive algebra, and — if L is a CSL — as a CSL algebra. Received by the editors April 22, 1998. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47D25. c ©1999 American Mathematical Society


Speed Dependent Automatic Zooming (SDAZ) has already been shown to be an effective navigation technique for document browsing. We investigate here three further aspects of SDAZ. We begin with an analysis of the existing methods of document navigation. We present a taxonomy of document navigation goals and examine how these goals are supported by the current navigation techniques. Our focus here is on how SDAZ fits in with existing techniques and how it can assist in the support of these different goals. Our second area of investigation, which is the main focus of this work, is on the issues surrounding the calibration of SDAZ systems. The extent of the difficulty of obtaining an optimal system has not been made clear in the previous literature. We discuss in detail the implementation and fine-tuning issues surrounding SDAZ systems, with a view to obtaining an optimal implementation. Finally, using our SDAZ system we perform a small formal evaluation comparing SDAZ to rate-based scrolling. SDAZ is a modified rate-based system, and our evaluation shows it is superior to a standard rate-based system, and therefore proves that the modifications are worthwhile.


The increasing popularity of stereoscopic cinema and television paves the way for more advanced stereoscopic technologies, such as high-resolution multi-view autostereoscopic displays. The amount of information conveyed by such displays surpasses, however, the bandwidth capacity of the current broadcasting infrastructure. In this chapter, we will focus on technical solutions to overcome the bandwidth bottleneck that only minimally affect the viewer experience. The presented solutions consist of (1) employing depth-based free-viewpoint interpolation with the aim to reduce the number of views that need to be transmitted, (2) the optimal compression of the depth and texture images while minimizing the resulting image artifacts, and (3) the optimal resolution considerations for a given autostereoscopic display.


We present the Coulomb-modified eikonal model formalism based on a hyperbolic trajectory by using a tangential velocity at the distance of closest approach. By assuming that 11Li has a halo structure of two weakly bound neutrons around the 9Li core, we take the total nuclear optical potential as a sum of the core and the two halo neutrons. The theoretical calculations for the elastic scattering of 9Li+p and 11Li+p at Elab/A=60 and 62 MeV, respectively are in good agreements with the observed data. It is found that the break-up effect of halo neutrons and the tangential velocity at the distance of closest approach are both important to understand the elastic cross sections of 11Li+p system at Elab/A=62 MeV.


The existence of an early Russian prosodie tradition has long been the object of controversy. Many factors have impeded efforts to ascertain its presence and determine its nature and function. These include the absence of graphic markers—lines, punctuation, headings—which might indicate whether a given text was perceived as the medieval equivalent of verse, and the absence of treatises which might suggest an awareness of prosody in the medieval period. The first reference to prosody is Lavrentij Zizanij's Slavonic grammar, published in 1596, where a system is proposed for adapting Greek and Latin meters to Russian.' For all the evidence that the early Russians lacked a native prosodie school, Slavists have continued to search for signs of poetic structures in apparently prosaic texts. Among the most promising texts in this regard are liturgical compositions, which are often provided with special signs to guide celebrants and singers. They suggest, at the very least, the possibility of hidden prosodie parameters inherent to the texts themselves, and they have prompted the elaboration of various hypotheses concerning liturgical prosody.


An earlier study (Park, I948), devoted to an experimental analysis of competition between two species of flour beetles (Tribolium confusum Duval and T. castaneum Herbst), led to the following major conclusions: (i) As single species populations ('controls') both T. confusum and T. castaneum maintained themselves successfully for essentially a 4-year period under the prevailing conditions of husbandry. (2) There were notable differences of species rank between the census curves of the control cultures. In other words, although both Tribolium were successful, the population growth-form of T. confusum differed significantly in pattern and mean density from that of T. castaneum. (3) When the two species were cultured together ('experimentals'), i.e. when a state of interspecies competition existed, one species invariably became extinct in response to this pressure of competition and the other species persisted. Of 74 replicates, T. confusum became extinct in 8 instances and T. castaneum in 66. (4) Knowing that both species of beetles were infected with a sporozoan parasite Adelina tribolii, and, wishing to evaluate the relation of such infection to their population behaviour, a series of cultures, both control and experimental, was established in which the parasite had been eliminated by manipulative means. The principal findings were these: (a) Non-parasitized populations of T. confusum behaved like parasitized populations in terms of density and pattern of growth, the only difference


Background. The histologic grading of the deep invasive margin of oral squamous cell carcinoma recently has been shown to have prognostic value, but previous series have not been homogeneous enough to allow grading parameters to be assessed individually.


The Teoretical Part of Theses Is Focused on Clarifying the Basic Terminology Connected with the Project Management. Further, There Is Explained a Knowledge of Methods, Which Can Be Used in a Building Projects Realization. This Issue Is Smoothly Connected in a Clarifying of the Main Ways of the Goods Storing. In the Practical Part Introduction, Reader Meets the Investigated Organization, Where is Also Made a Situational Analysis of the Storage and the Areas of Packaging Department. Basic on the Results of Situation Analysis, There Is Created the New Appearance Plan of the Storage and Packaging Department According to Requirements and Limitations, Which Were Defined by the Management of the Company Ceska zbrojovka a. s. At the End, There is Made a Project Evaluation in Timing, Costs, the Way of Realization and Risks.


Legislation grows in number and complexity, and so does the need to get informed about them, and to be able to infer the consequences of rules and requirements for particular situations. Access to legal sources has thus far been handled in the same way as information retrieval in general by using database technology. This misses out what is the crucial issue in legal information serving (LIS): reasoning about the legal consequences of a query. In the recently started ESPRIT project CLIME (EP25.414) we will build a client-server LIS architecture that will determine legal consequences of the typically abstract and underspecified legal cases expressed in queries. It is an opportunity to test our ideas on LIS in a large realistic legal domain, which has already led to refinement of reasoning modules and specification of new tools.


A Bluetooth pairing method is provided which includes connecting a mobile terminal and an infotainment system of a vehicle by a wired connection. The method also includes executing a dedicated APP (application) for a Bluetooth pairing disposed in the mobile terminal by a controller disposed in the infotainment system. Information regarding the infotainment system for the Bluetooth pairing is transmitted to the dedicated APP by the controller and the information is stored to a NFC (Near Field Communication) tag by the dedicated APP.


Acetylation of triazinylated monosaccharides was carried out. The products were identified by elementary analysis. IR and NMR with Methyl and Methyl respectively. The triazine derivatives of uronic acids had no remarkable biological activities against dish and rice, and also showed not to be effected on antifungal and antibacterial activities.


BACKGROUND: The appropriateness of endoscopic resection in patients with T1 colorectal carcinomas is unclear. Highly precise predictors of lymph node metastasis are required to optimize the outcomes of treatments for T1 colorectal carcinomas. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to identify predictors of lymph node metastasis by examining the clinicopathologic significance of immunophenotypes found in T1 colorectal carcinomas. DESIGN: This was a retrospective study. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at a university hospital. PATIENTS: Included were 265 patients with T1 colorectal carcinoma who underwent radical surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Patients with T1 colorectal carcinoma were managed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Immunophenotypes were associated with various clinicopathologic parameters, and CD10 expression was strongly associated with lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: The levels of MUC2, MUC5AC, and CD10 expression were individually significantly associated with tumor location, growth pattern, histologic type, invasive potential, and metastatic potential. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with each of the 5 following parameters: depth of submucosal invasion (p = 0.005), tumor budding (p < 0.001), lymphatic invasion (p < 0.001), MUC2 expression (p = 0.006), and CD10 expression (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that CD10 expression (OR, 9.2 [95% CI, 2.5–39.8]; p = 0.001) and lymphatic invasion (OR, 6.3 [95% CI, 2.5–17.7]; p < 0.001) were independently associated with lymph node metastasis. LIMITATIONS: This study was limited by its small sample size, intraobserver variation attributed to immunohistochemical staining, and potential selection bias because surgically resected specimens were collected instead of endoscopically resected specimens. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that CD10 expression is closely associated with lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal carcinoma.


The structure of aerinite, a blue fibrous silicate mineral associated with the alteration of ophitic rocks in the southern Pyrenees, has been determined by applying the direct methods modulus sum function to synchrotron powder diffraction data. This mineral was the blue pigment commonly used in most Catalan romanic paintings between the XI-XV centuries. The studied specimen comes from the Camporrells-Estopanya area (Huesca, Spain). The unit cell dimensions are a = b = 16.8820(9), c = 5.2251(3) A, the space group is P 3 c 1 and the structural formula is (Ca 5.1 Na 0.5 )(Fe 3+ AlFe 2+ 1.7 Mg 0.3 )(Al 5.1 Mg 0.7 )[Si 12 O 36 (OH) 12 H]·[(CO 3 ) 1.2 (H 2 O) 12 ] with Z = 1 and D c = 2.52 g/cm 3 (Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ratio from Mossbauer spectroscopy; carbonate content confirmed by infrared spectroscopy). The model of the structure obtained by direct methods was refined with the Rietveld method to the residual value R wp = 0.0937 (χ 2 = 1.05). A bond valence analysis shows the plausibility of the refined model. The crystal structure of aerinite can be best understood by introducing cylindrical basic building units consisting on three pyroxene chains pointing inwards to accommodate tri- and divalent metal cations at the centres of the resulting face-sharing octahedra. The average composition of these cationic sites is Fe 3+ 0.25 ,Al 3+ 0.25 ,Fe 2+ 0.43 ,Mg 2+ 0.07 , the mean cation-oxygen bond length is 2.054(9) A and the intercationic distance is 2.61 A. Out of the three symmetry-independent three-fold rotation axes in the unit cell, two are occupied by such cylindrical units and the third by CO 3 groups. Consequently, each unit is surrounded by three similar ones which are, however, shifted by 0.93 A along c . Between two such units, i.e. , tangential to both cylindrical envelopes, a four-row wide slab of a brucite-like layer is found. The two inner octahedra are predominantly filled with Al and Mg atoms, the two outer with Ca, Na and some vacancies [average values: d (Al-O) = 1.936(53) A (6x), ∠(O-Al-O) = 90.1(6.5)° (12x) and 172.7(4.1)° (3x); d (Ca-O) = 2.42(6) A (6x), ∠(O-Ca-O) = 90(23)° (12x) and 158(14)° (3x)]. The internal O atoms of the brucite-like layer are hydroxyl groups, the intermediate are unshared basal O atoms of the neighbouring pyroxene chains, while the external ones are water molecules forming relatively strong H-bridges with the partially disordered CO 3 groups. Presumably, the hydroxyl groups in the brucite-like layer also form H-bridges with the apical O atoms of the neighbouring pyroxene chains to compensate for the defect of charge caused by the presence of divalent cations in the face-sharing octahedra.


Various animals from fish to mammals, especially the carp (Cyprinus carpio), turtles (Clemmys japonica and Amyda japonica) and birds (hens, chicks and pigeons) were studied with special reference to the phylogenic relation between mast cells and histamine. Histamine assay (histamine extraction with Code's method and bioassay with guinea pig ileum) in different tissues was combined with a histological study on their mast cell population, and histamine histochemistry with o-phthalaldehyde in p-xylene or ethylbenzene was performed on the spreads and smears.Bioassay revealed an appreciable amount of histamine in tissues rich in mast cells and in the blood of the hen, chick and pigeon, the mast cells, basophiles, thrombocytes and other unknown types of cell distinctly fluoresced with the o-phthalaldehyde method.The blood of the turtles was shown by bioassay to contain a considerable amount of histamine and their blood basophiles exhibited distinct yellow fluorescence. Though the result of the histamine bioassay of turtle tissues was equivocal and only a few mast cells fluoresced, the injection of l-histidine in Clemmys japonica caused an increase in the number of fluorescent mast cells and an increase in the intensity of their fluorescence, suggesting an ability of mast cells to synthesize histamine.Several tissues of the carp contained only a trace of histamine and the mast cells did not fluoresce. Taking into consideration the similar results in the frog (TAKAYA, FUJITA and ENDO, 1967) and newt (TAKAYA, 1968), it is likely that histamine firstly appears in mast cells at the level of reptiles in phylogeny. The amount of histamine in mast cells and basophiles gradually increases in reptiles, birds and mammals.Several histochemical tests for mucopolysaccharides in the granules of mast cells and basophiles showed that the mast cells of all the animals examined, except for the carp whose mast cells were hardly preserved, contained acidic sulfated mucopolysaccharides. The solbuility of the granules in water varied conspicuously from species to species.


The combination of the incipient demise of cheap oil and increasing evidence of Global Warming due to anthropogenic fossil carbon release has reinvigorated the need for and efforts on Renewable energy sources, especially for transportation applications. Biomass/Bio-diesel appears to have many benefits compared to Hydrogen, the only other major renewable transportation fuel candidate. Biomass Production is currently limited by available arable land and fresh water. Halophyte Plants and seawater irrigation proffer a wholly new biomass production mantra using wastelands and very plentiful seawater. Such an approach addresses many-to-most of the major emerging Societal Problems including Land, Water, Food, Warming and Energy. For many reasons, including seawater agriculture, portions of the Sahara appear to be viable candidates for future Biomass Production. The apparent nonlinearity between vegetation cover and atmospheric conditions over North Africa necessitates serious coupled boundary layer Meteorology and Global Circulation Modeling to ensure that this form of Terra Forming is Favorable and to avoid adverse Unintended Consequences.


Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is the main player in todays Smart Grid, and Home Area Network (HAN) is an important subsystem in AMI. HAN connects the smart home appliances (SHA) inside the home to the smart meter (SM), which is connected to the power utility company. In the last decade, hardware Trojans (HT), have been extensively studied in both academia and industry. Consequently, the vulnerability of integrated circuits (ICs) against HTs leads to the potential security threat to any system that contains ICs, and HAN is no exception. However, to the best of authors knowledge, the potential effect of HTs on HAN has not been studied in the literature so far. In this paper, we are investigating HT in HAN network. In the process, we developed a testbed which can be scalable up to 127 nodes using I2C interface to control and implement any kind of required network behavior. We introduced three possible scenarios of HTs in this HAN network testbed. These scenarios illustrate the manifestation of HTs in the HAN that leads to network performance degradation.


This study was conducted to evaluate the collagen synthetic abilities of water extracts of green tea (GT), white tea (WT) and black tea (BT) in human dermal fibroblasts. In MTT assay, the maximum permissible level for GT, WT and BT was over 200 μg/mL, and that for EGCG was 50 μg/mL. In the experiment of type-I procollagen synthetic ability, TGF-β1 (positive control) increased it by 179% (p⁄0.001) at the concentration of 5 ng/mL, compared to the control group. At the concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL, EGCG increased it by 49.3, 80.1 (p⁄0.01), and 141.6% (p⁄0.001), GT increased it by 8.3, 48.1, and 98.5% (p⁄0.01), WT increased it by 10.3, 38.6, 110.4% (p⁄0.05), and BT increased it by 89.5 (p⁄ 0.01), 96.9 (p⁄0.01), and 114.5% (p⁄0.01), respectively. The order of high to low sequence for the collagen synthetic ability was EGCG¤BT¤WT and GT. It was conformed that GT, WT and BT had high collagen synthetic abilities, and they could be a useful functional natural source for the anti-wrinkle cosmetic materials.


Magnolia denudata var. glabrata Y. L. Wang et S. Z. Zhang var. nov. is described and illustrated from Hunan, China. The variety occurs mainly in semi-evergreen forest of south Hunan at altitudes between 700 and 1260 m a.s.l. It differs from M. denudata var. denudata by its green and glabrous twigs and leaves which are glabrous above and have some white pubescence underneath. With its white flowers consisting of mostly 9 tepals, it differs from M. sprengeri Pamp. which mainly has 12 tepals in various shades of red/pink to white. The new variety is rare and considered endangered due to habitat destruction.


Woesearchaeota is a newly proposed archaeal phylum frequently detected in various environments. Due to the limited systematical study, little is known about their distribution, taxonomy, and metabolism. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study for Woesearchaeota with 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing data of 27,709 samples and metagenomic whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of 1,266 samples. We find that apart from free-living environments, Woesearchaeota also widely distribute in host-associated environments. And host-associated environmental parameters greatly affect their distribution. 81 Woesearchaeota genomes, including 33 genomes firstly reconstructed in this project, were assigned to 59 Woesearchaeota species, suggesting their high taxonomic diversity. Comparative analysis indicated that Woesearchaeota have an open pan-genome with small core genome. Metabolic reconstruction showed that particular metabolic pathway absence in specific environments, demonstrated the metabolic diversity of Woesearchaeota varies in differences environments. These results have placed host-associated environments into the global biogeography of Woesearchaeota and have demonstrated their genomic diversity for future investigation of adaptive evolution.


Objective:To study the effects of Curcumin(CCM)、12-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate(TPA) on the cell proliferation,morphology and cell cycle of human ovarian cell line SKOV3,to explore the inhibition mechanism of the human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3.Methods:Growth inhibition rates of SKOV3 cells were measured by MTT method.Morphological changes of cells were observed under fluorescent invert microscope and electromicroscope.Cell cycle was checked by flow cytometery(FCM).Results:CCM can inhibit cell proliferation of SKOV3 in a dose and time dependent manner,growth were hindered at stage G1/S.Partial cells presented the characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis.TPA can inhibit cell proliferation of SKOV3 cell in a does and time dependent manner.Growth were arrested at stage G1→S.Conclusions:CCM and TPA can significantly inhibit the growth of SKOV3 in vitro by inhibiting the cell proliferation and arrest the cell cycle.


As cloud computing grows in popularity and usage, providers of cloud services are facing challenges of scale and complexity; how can they ensure they are most efficiently using their existing infrastructure, and when should they invest in new infrastructure to meet demand? We propose a two-period model which utilises a third party called the Coordinator, who interacts with a population of resource-buyers. The Coordinator uses two mechanisms to aid the provider in future capacity planning. Firstly, the Coordinator extracts probabilities from the buyers through an options market to determine their likely usage in the next period, which can subsequently be used to schedule workloads. Secondly, the Coordinator uses previous market demand to predict if cost can be reduced by investing in a reservation over a longer period. This upfront investment contributes to the provider"s capital expenditure in new capability and implies that Coordinator intends to further utilise such an investment. We implement the model in an agent-based simulation using actual UK market data where a pool of users submit different probabilities based on previous market demand. We show that the Coordinator can make a profit when faced with different market conditions, and that profit can be maximised by considering the utilisation of previously purchased


BGP prefix hijacking remains a serious security threat to the Internet. Despite many detection mechanisms have been proposed, few of them are practically deployed in a large scale. Inaccuracy of detection and inefficiency of deployment are two major causing problems. In this paper, based on the key observation that the distribution of traffic load to a prefix will change unusually after the prefix is hijacked, we present a system LDC to detect BGP prefix hijacking by passively monitoring Load Distribution Change on direct providers of prefix's owner, with the purpose of Leveraging Data-plane information to detect Control-plane problem. Through large amount of simulations of hijacking attacks and AS failure events based on empirical data, we evaluate the accuracy of LDC under different deployment situations, moreover, gain useful insights about choosing detection threshold accordingly.


Error estimates are presented for approximation formulas for Bessel functions Jn(z) and for the Hankel functions H0(1)(z) and H1(2)(z). These approximation formulas are obtained by means of the trapezoidal rule according to Luke. The error estimates are valid in the case of Bessel funtions for arbitrary real or complex argument z, they hold in the case of the Hankel functions for arguments z with a positive imaginary part. Use is made of Luke's results, some of them are repeated in order to make this paper self-contained. In order to derive the error estimates for the Hankel functions some inequalities are engaged for the Gamma function with certain complex arguments and for Bessel functions of certain complex orders.

Es werden Fehlerabschatzungen fur die nach Luke mit Hilfe der Trapezregel gewonnenen Approximationsformeln fur die Besselfunktionen Jn(z) und fur die Hankelfunktionen H0(1)(z) und H1(1)(z) angegeben. Diese Abschatzungen gelten im Falle der Besselfunktionen fur beliebiges reelles oder komplexes Argument z, im Falle der Hankelfunktionen fur Argumente z mit positivem Imaginarteil. Dabei wird von Lukes Ergebnissen Gebrauch gemacht; einige werden hier der Vollstandigkeit halber wiederholt. Bei der Herleitung der Fehlerabschatzungen fur die Hankelfunktionen werden einige Ungleichungen fur die Gammafunktion mit gewissen komplexen Argumenten und fur Bessel funktionen mit gewissen komplexen Ordnungen herangezogen.


The last two years, artificial Kidneys have been used for purification and concentration of human serum albumin solutions coming from plasma cracking in two Blood Transfusion Centers. Results are easily reproducible and the apparatus is reliable and of low cost. The properties of dialysis and ultrafiltration of the A.N. 69 membrane are useful for eliminating ethanol and water. The artificial Kidneys are effective at low pressure. It is then possible to use peristaltic pumps and to have a closed circuit. The whole apparatus must be sterilized with chemical reagents.


The thermolysis of Cp'''Ta(CO)4 with white phosphorus (P4) gives access to [{Cp'''Ta}2(μ,η 2:2:2:2:1:1-P8)] ( A ), representing the first complex containing a cyclo-octatetraene-like (COT) cyclo-P8 ligand. While ring sizes of n > 6 have remained elusive for cyclo-Pn structural motifs, the choice of the transition metal, co-ligand and reaction conditions allowed the isolation of A . Reactivity investigations reveal its versatile coordination behaviour as well as its redox properties.


Products' end-of-life management has recently become a critical business issue. One of the possible end-of-life strategies is remanufacturing, which can provide competitive advantages through material and energy savings. Beyond industrial organization challenges, there is a question about the interest of developing a green marketing strategy for remanufactured products. Indeed, remanufactured products can be considered as green products since their industrial process has environmental benefits. Our paper asks whether consumers are willing to pay for remanufactured products, especially when they are informed that these products are 'green'. We use experimental auctions to elicit consumers' WTP for specific characteristics of remanufactured products. Our study indicates that consumers tend to value the remanufactured product less than the conventional one unless they are informed about their respective environmental impacts. We find no evidence that consumers are willing to pay a premium for the green (i.e. remanufactured) product. However, providing environmental information to consumers has an effect on their WTP for the conventional product: they generally decrease significantly their WTP for the conventional (and thus most polluting) product. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.


The atomic structure of a {001} surface of the ordered binary alloy FeRh (with bulk structure of the CsCl type) is studied with quantitative low energy electron diffraction. The {001} surface structure is found to be bulklike (1× 1), with the first atomic layer 100% Rh and the second 100% Fe. The first interlayer spacing is contracted by 9.8% with respect to the bulk value (1.4935A) and the second interlayer spacing is slightly expanded by 2.4%.


Objectives— To review the clinical and laboratory features of twelve cases of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NFD) studied at our institution and of 70 previously described cases in the literature. Methods— Clinical evaluation and laboratory studies of twelve patients with NFD associated with chronic hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease and a review of 23 previous publications describing 70 patients with this disease. Results— Eleven patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis and one patient undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal failure developed a severe and progressive cutaneous fibrotic process with woody induration of legs, thighs, hands and forearms, and severe loss of motion and flexion contractures in multiple joints. Several patients displayed systemic involvement including fibrosis of muscles, myocardium and lungs and marked elevations of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and/or C reactive protein. Three patients died within two years of onset of symptoms. A review of previously published reports of this disorder confirmed the presence of systemic involvement and a poor prognosis with a high rate of mortality. Conclusions— The analysis of twelve cases and a review of 70 previously described cases indicate that NFD is a severe and usually progressive systemic fibrotic disease affecting the dermis, subcutaneous fascia and striated muscles. It also appears that the disease can cause fibrosis of lungs, myocardium and other organs.


A high precision digital levelling system uses invar bar code rods and a linear CCD camera technique. The scale of the bar code is a function of temperature. The scale and a constant are determined by the rod calibration. When carrying out digital levelling, the scale of the whole system, in fact the scale given by the instrument, is expected to be equal with the scale of the rod.

However, with time, the scale of an instrument and also a rod can change. To check the behavior of the whole system, i.e. rod and instrument together, we have to use the "system calibration" procedure, where the height readings are taken from different sectors on the bar code rod and compared with their true values obtained by a laser interferometer.

In the Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI) automated rod calibrations have been carried out since 1996 using the FGI vertical laser rod comparator and system calibrations since 2002. The FGI system calibration comparator applies elements of the existing FGI rod comparator. Some results of the calibration for the Zeiss DiNi12 systems are given.


e12581Background: Breast tumors have highly variable rates of growth. In vivo breast cancer growth rate is governed by number of inter-related clinicopathological and biological parameters and is strictly regulated. This study aimed to assess the molecular and clinicopathological determinants of breast cancer (BC) growth rate in vivo and its impact on outcome. Methods: The study group comprised female BC patients who had a pair of serial mammograms wherein the tumor was missed in the first screen (n = 114). Tumor volume, at both time points, along with the span between measurements were used to develop a growth rate index. A machine learning algorithm was used to determine if various combinations of biomarkers could act as a surrogate for this growth rate and was validated in a large independent validation set of 1241 BC patients. Results: Patients with missed BC at first screening showed features associated with good prognosis, when patients were stratified into the slow (59%) and fast (41%) growing base...


Article history: Background: In the era of globalization, people are moving from one place to another without or with minimum restriction for diverse purposes including to further studies in higher educational institutions in the selected country. Malaysia is also promoting its higher education worldwide expecting a significant growth in the number of international students pursuing their tertiary education in the country. However, there is an issue regarding the academic performance of the students as some students are unable to perform well due to various reasons. This phenomenon might create negative perception of the potential students who plan to further their studies in the country. Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the dimensions of psychological adjustment that might contribute to students' academic performance by looking at the moderating effect of social support. Results: Using the data collected via questionnaire survey from 498 international students studying in four public universities in Malaysia, the results of hierarchical regression analysis indicate that cognitive adjustment is the most significant predictor of academic performance. Besides, family support was found to enhance the relationship between affective adjustment and academic performance and the relationship between cognitive adjustment and academic performance. Friend support, on the other hand, moderates the relationship between attitudinal adjustment and academic performance. Finally, lecturer support was found to influence the relationship between affective adjustment and academic performance and the relationship between attitudinal adjustment and academic performance. Conclusion: The management should organize programs such as adopted family scheme, mentor-mentee program, or appointment of academic advisors where these students can have someone to discuss various academic as well as non-academic matters. Besides, when these students' degree of attitudinal adjustment is high, they seriously need friends' support to guide them in living in the foreign country. The management can provide assistance in establishing an association for them so that they can get together frequently supporting each other, organizing healthy activities and participating in various programs that improve their wellbeing and subsequently contribute to their academic excellence.


Abstract Beta thalassemia arises as a consequence of the reduction(s+) or absence (s0) of beta globin chain synthesis and an overallreduction in hemoglobin synthesis. Currently, over 200 differentmolecular defects that cause beta thalassemia have been identified.Most of these defects are derived from point mutations characterizedby the exchange of a single nucleotide in the gene sequence. The aimof this study was to perform molecular and laboratorycharacterization of beta thalassemia in heterozygous andhomozygous individuals and in beta thalassemia associated to Shemoglobin. Forty-eight individuals (35 heterozygotes, 4homozygotes and 9 with HbS/beta thalassemia) referred to theIntegrated Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (UFRN) were includedin this study. Blood samples were submitted to the followingexaminations: red blood cell counts, hemoglobin electrophoresis atalkaline pH and measurements of HbA2, HbF and serum ferritin.Molecular characterization was performed by PCR-RFLP, whichinvolves digestion with specific restriction enzymes for the IVS-1nt 1, IVS-1 nt 6 and codon 39 mutations. Of the 35 heterozygotes,


Among 269 children with acute leukemia diagnosed between 1957 and 1967, 21 or 7.8% have lived for more than 5 years, although treated conservatively by present standards. Nine patients in whom therapy was stopped after 5 years remain in continuous complete remission, 6 for 10 to 15 1/2 years. Six others survive from 61 1/4 to 8 3/4 years, but have had leukemic meningitis or bone marrow relapse or both. Six patients, 5 of whom had relapse before 5 years, died at 5 1/4 to 8 1/4 years. Discontinuation of therapy in 12 children who had no evidence of disease for 5 years was followed by bone marrow relapse in 3 of them in 6, 12, and 13 months. Analysis of features at time of diagnosis suggests that a normal platelet count and a low or normal white blood cell count may predispose to 5‐year survival. A Spanish‐American ethnic background is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Interruption of remission by extramedullary disease, notably meningeal involvement, is a major impediment to continued long survival. In this study patients living 8 years without relapse are presumed to have been cured; long‐term survivors who have had prior relapse have a constant rate of mortality. The nature and interaction of intrinsic factors contributing to longevity, and particularly the role of host immunity, remain to be determined.


SMEs are considered as engines of economic growth and social development. The very first advantage of this sector is potential for employment generation at low capital cost. The labor intensity of this sector is much higher than the large enterprises and their contribution to poverty reduction, wealth creation, income distribution and reduction in income disparities is not negligible. The sustainability of the gross domestic product (GDP), export earnings and development opportunities is dependent on small and medium enterprises as they lead to reduction of the incidences of poverty and increase in employment in the country. The recession generated the financial crisis in USA in September, 2008 and had negative impacts on the world economy. The crisis emerged in India while the Indian economy was suffering from depreciation of currency. The impacts of this crisis were contraction in trade; net outflow of foreign capital; fall in stock market; large reduction in foreign reserves; slowdown in domestic demand; slowdown in exports; sudden fall in growth rate and rise in unemployment; deceleration of GDP; rising inflation; rise in the price of food articles; fall in exports, outsourcing services and service sector; job cuts, lay off and significant upheavals in labor markets. This study covers some strategies based on Chaos Theory that SMEs used to overcome the crisis.


Abstract The intrinsic consequences of political actions on society become more obvious in a developing state like Nigeria, where consequences of governmental actions or inactions over the years had become tragedies causing severe emotional, mental, and material distress for its citizens, one of which is insecurity. Nigerians have consequently turned to comedy for relief as the country's comedy content is largely centered on ridiculing politics and inefficiencies of the government. This study, therefore, attempted to ascertain the utility of comedy using as a politically-induced social problem; insecurity as a paradigm. Three (3) politically-induced contemporary comedy shows on YouTube were analyzed using Sentiment Analysis in Nvivo and a search on 'insecurity' and/or 'security' was initiated. The analysis showed a predominance of neutral comments (53%) followed by negative sentiments (29%) suggesting that most Nigerians remain unperturbed about their tragedies as Comedy remains a tool for comic relief rather than for social change.


In the Tomsk region evaluated oat breeding material for resistance to loose smut (Ustilago avenae Jens.).In the study of the source material has been allocated eight resistant lines. In combinations of these lines are found genetic donors of resistance to disease. The selected material is of particular interest for practical breeding.


Accessing the accurate downlink channel state information (CSI) is essential to take full advantage of frequency division duplex (FDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems due to its weak channel reciprocity. Meanwhile, great computational burdens will happen, which is accompanied by continuous CSI feedback. The existing compressive sensing (CS)-based and deep learning (DL)-based methods try to solve such problems, but do not achieve desired effect to get ideal CSI feedback or decrease the overhead. An adaptive deep neural network (DNN)-based CSI feedback method is proposed in this paper to address this. A classification block of the compression ratio is adopted and modified to apply to a more complex channel model named Clustered-Delay-Line (CDL), which helps decrease the computational overhead of the network. Besides, the reconstruction accuracy of the CSI feedback is further improved by proposing a new structure of the encoder. Quantization and dequantization modules are also applied to make the whole network more robust and effectively minimize the quantization distortion in the real communication scenario, respectively. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs better than the conventional ones on the CSI reconstruction accuracy in terms of normalized mean square error (NMSE), even though the quantization module is added.


Migraine is the most prevalent disabling brain condition which is defined as a headache which occurs at least once in 15 days per month, is extremely debilitating. Many chronic migraine sufferers also have drug overuse like analgesic, opioid, triptan, or ergot derivative at least 10 times per month. Migraine is corelated to Ardhaavabhedhaka in Ayurveda, and it is a severe health problem that affects persons between the age group of 20 to 50 years. Migraine is the third most frequent ailment in the world, according to WHO, there is a global frequency of 14.7 percent. A basic understanding of the most frequent primary headaches, as well as a reasonable strategy to approaching patients with these disorders, enables for a rapid and safe diagnosis of chronic migraine, which opens up a wide range of acute and preventative therapy choices. In Migraine, sedatives and tranquilizers are often, in Ayurveda the management of Migraine is multidimensional with a wide range of therapies like Nasya, Shirobasti, Agnikarma etc. in the present the effect of Shirobasti is discussed in the management of Ardhaavabhedhaka (Migraine). Key wordsArdhaavabhedhaka, Migraine, Sirobasti This work is licensed under a creative attribution -Non-commercial-No derivatives 4.0 International License commons Role Of Sirobasti In The Management Of Ardhaavabhedhaka W.S.R To Migraine Ajay Nayak, Shamsa fiaz How to cite this article:. Nayak A, Fiaz S, "Role of Sirobasti in the management of Ardhaavabhedhaka W.S.R to Migraine" IRJAY. [Online] 2021;4(8): 193-197. Available from: http://irjay.com; DOI:https://doi.org/10.47223/IRJAY.2021.4826 P a g e | 194 Review Article ISSN NO. 2581-785X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION INTRODUCTION Migraine is a common, chronic, and intermittently disabling illness characterized by recurring headaches with or without aura. According to recent studies, roughly 6-8 percent of men and 12-15 percent of women suffer from migraine. In terms of actual numbers of attacks, data from prevalence and incidence studies estimate that 3000 migraine attacks occur per million of the general population per day. Although there is a paucity of epidemiological data in many nations at the moment, recent anecdotal evidence suggests that certain places, such as India, have greater prevalence of migraine. Health is defined in Ayurveda, as a state of well-being resulting from a synergistic balance of Doshas (primary system functions Vata, Pitta, and Kapha), Dhatu (body tissues), Mala (excretory secretions), and Agni (life force) (digestive fire). A joyful state of Atma (spirit), Indriya (sense organs), and Manas (mind) is also thought to be necessary for achieving good health. In Ayurvedic treatises, migraine headache is referred to as Ardhavabedhaka under the categorization of Shiroroga (diseases of the head area). The resulting pain is one-sided, severe, and penetrating in character. Fasting, dry food intake, alcohol, sobbing, supression of natural urges, daytime sleeping, worry, fear, and mourning are all thought to contribute as the triggering factors in Ardhavabhedaka. The administration of samshodhana, with special mention of kaya virechana (therapeutic purgation), diet, and lifestyle regulation are all part of the migraine treatment protocol.The basic ways to maintaining homeostasis of all doshas for disease prevention and management are pathya ahara (wholesome regulated food) and vihara (wholesome regulated lifestyle). Diet, lifestyle, and stress have all been linked to an increased prevalence of migraine headaches, according to scientific evidence, and recognising these factors can aid with migraine management. In this conceptual study the role of Shirobasti is highlighted in the management of Ardhavabhedaka.


Objective To explore the psychological communication needs and nursing care of the special consultation clinic patients. Methods 200 special consultation clinic patients admitted in our hospital from January, 2013 to August, 2013 were selected, and were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 100 cases in each group, control group were treated with routine treatment only for guidance, on the basis of control group, observation group were given self-made questionnaire, appropriate care according to their psychological communication needs. The satisfaction was compared between two groups. Results The investigation showed that the special consultation clinic patients' main needs of mental communication include: the protection of personal privacy, rehabilitation guidance after treatment, health education and accurate triage; nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 98.0%(98/100), significantly higher than the control group's 79.0%(79/100), the difference was statistically significant(P0.05). Conclusion Targeted nursing measures given to the special consultation clinic patients according to the psychological communication needs of the patients, can help improve the nursing satisfaction of the patients.


Graffiti characterizing the fans of Lodz's football clubs - ŁKS and RTS - was the
subject of the analysis. Characteristics of three research contexts were presented:
interactive grammar, socio- and psycholinguistic. Each of the presented examples
(as a speech act) had references: to reality, to the sender, to the recipient. The identified actions and linguistic mechanisms aimed at the externalizing negative emotion
associated with supporters of another team, demonstrating one's superiority, ridiculing opponents.


The Directory contains information about objects of many types. This information relates to different aspects of an object's behaviour, and, of course, it varies according to the type of the objects. It is natural, therefore, to consider storing additional information in the Directory to control access and allow secure use of these objects. There are already a number of security attributes defined within the attribute structure of the Directory, and the present versions of the recommendations and standards contain a framework for authentication of users. Those aspects of the Directory related to security are described, and it is shown how the Directory may be used in a real application to provide secure transmission of electronic mail messages. Some current issues in the Directory work related to security are also highlighted.


Oxygen and fluorine adsorption and their coadsorption on the (111) unreconstructed surface of semiconductors InAs and GaAs were studied using the projector augmented-wave method with the generalized gradient approximation for the exchange–correlation functional and hybrid functional approach. The energetically preferable adsorbate sites on the surface were determined. It is shown that fluorine adsorption above surface cations on the AIIIBV(111)A-(1 × 1) unreconstructed surface leads to a removal of the surface state formed by cation pz-orbitals and to an unpinning of the Fermi level, whereas oxygen adsorption induces additional surface states in the band gap. The influence of fluorine and oxygen coadsorption and also fluorine concentration on the surface states in the band gap is discussed. It is shown that oxygen-induced surface states are completely or partially removed from the band gap by fluorine coadsorption if it forms bonds with cation surface atoms involved in an interaction with oxygen. The incr...


Introduction: Alcohol is one of the most widely-used stimulants. It's easily accessible, most socially accepted and usually not associated with potential harm it can do. Except for its addictive effect, it has a strong influence on humane systems.  In this analysis the influence of alcohol on the cardiovascular system will be examined. As it is not obvious whether alcohol usage should be only associated with harmful impact on cardiac activity, different types of alcoholic beverages should be examined.  In this work three different sub-groups will be analyzed. They were selected and divided by the beverage type and percentage as follows: beer, wine, high percentage liquors. As the majority of studies show, it's important to underline the significance of not only the alcohol percentage implied, but mostly of the alcohol type. In favor of alcoholic beverages are only studies analyzing beverages containing low levels of alcohol, but abundant in other organic substances like resveratrol (in wine). Other studies considering other beverages, nonetheless of alcohol levels, diminishing effect on the cardiovascular (and other) systems is observed.
Material and methods: An analysis of scientific papers from Pubmed Google Scholar was performed, wchoch most accurately described the issue of diffrent type of alcohol bevereage on human health. The following keywords were used in search: alcohol, cardiovascular, wine, beer, spirits.
Purpose of the work: Aim of the following analysis is to systematize the knowledge based on latest research and findings about the impact of different alcohol beverages on cardiovascular system.


Quality characteristics including cooking loss, colour, water holding capacity, texture profile and sensory attributes of pre- and post rigor processed pork patties were studied. Pre-rigor patties were produced 25 min post slaughter and post rigor patties were manufactured 24 h post slaughter from the right and left hind legs of 6 months old Large White pigs (65kg±0.50) respectively. Patties made from pre-rigor meat recorded significantly higher (p 0.05) between treatments. Hunter L*values of pre-rigor patties were significantly higher (p 0.05). The results obtained suggested that pre-rigor processing enhanced eating quality of pork patties.


The modular corotating twin-screw extruder is an increasingly widely used polymer processing machine. This paper describes analyses of reactive extrusion and devolatilization in a modular corotating twin-screw extruder. The results of the analyses are intergrated into a comprehensive model and computer software for the modular corotating twin-screw extrusion process.


Redshift-space clustering distortions provide one of the most powerful probes to test the gravity theory on the largest cosmological scales. We perform a systematic validation study of the state-of-the-art statistical methods currently used to constrain the linear growth rate from redshift-space distortions in the galaxy two-point correlation function. The numerical pipelines are tested on mock halo catalogues extracted from large N-body simulations of the standard cosmological framework. We consider both the monopole and quadrupole multipole moments of the redshift-space two-point correlation function, as well as the radial and transverse clustering wedges, in the comoving scale range 10 < r[$h^{-1}\, \mbox{Mpc}$] < 55. Moreover, we investigate the impact of redshift measurement errors on the growth rate and linear bias measurements due to the assumptions in the redshift-space distortion model. Considering both the dispersion model and two widely used models based on perturbation theory, we find that the linear growth rate is underestimated by about $5\!-\! 10\, {\rm {per\ cent}}$ at $z$ < 1, while limiting the analysis at larger scales, r > 30 $h^{-1}\, \mbox{Mpc}$, the discrepancy is reduced below $5\, {\rm {per\ cent}}$. At higher redshifts, we find instead an overall good agreement between measurements and model predictions. Though this accuracy is good enough for clustering analyses in current redshift surveys, the models have to be further improved not to introduce significant systematics in RSD constraints from next-generation galaxy surveys. The effect of redshift errors is degenerate with the one of small-scale random motions, and can be marginalized over in the statistical analysis, not introducing any statistically significant bias in the linear growth constraints, especially at $z$ ≥ 1.


We have developed a series of new dye bombesin conjugates for site-specific absorption and fluorescence imaging of human prostate and breast cancers. Bombesin (BBN), an amphibian analog to the endogenous ligand, binds to the gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) receptors with high specificity and affinity. Previously, we developed an Alexa Fluor 680-GGG-BBN peptide conjugate which demonstrated high binding affinity and specificity for breast cancer cells in the in vitro and in vivo tests (Ref: Ma et al., Molecular Imaging, vol. 6, no. 3, 2007: 171-180). This probe can not be used as an absorption probe in near-infrared imaging because its absorption peak is in the visible wavelength range. In addition, site specific longer wavelength fluorescent probe is desired for in vivo molecular imaging because long wavelength photons penetrate deeper into tissue. The new absorption and fluorescent probe we developed is based on the last eight-residues of BBN, -Q-W-A-V-G-H-L-M-(NH2), and labeled with AlexaFluor750 through a chemical linker, beta-alanine. The new probe, Alexa Fluor 750-BetaAla-BBN(7-14)NH2, exhibits optimal pharmacokinetics for specific targeting and optical imaging of the GRP receptor over-expressing cancer cells. Absorption spectrum has been measured and showed absorption peaks at 690nm, 720nm and 735nm. Fluorescent band is located at 755nm. In vitro and in vivo investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of the new conjugates to specifically target human cancer cells overexpressing GRP receptors and tumor xenografts in severely compromised immunodeficient mouse model.


The invention discloses a multi-stage gas-exhaustion washing tank. The multi-stage gas-exhaustion washing tank comprises a tank body, wherein a liquid level meter interface, an automatic drain outlet, a manual drain outlet, a liquid level control interface, a high liquid-level closing-down port, a natural gas inlet, a natural gas outlet, a temperature measuring port and a fuel gas interface are formed on the tank body from bottom to top in sequence; an included angle alpha between the end surface of the inlet end of the manual drain outlet and the axis of the inlet end is 45-60 degrees; a guide plate in the tank body is arranged above the natural gas inlet; the guide plate comprises a center block on the center and a plurality of fan blades which are superposed above the center block and are extended into the inner wall of a barrel body in an inclined manner; a filler layer is arranged above the guide plate; the filler layer is an irregular silk screen shaped filler layer. The liquid level meter interface, the drain outlet, the liquid level control interface, the high liquid-level closing-down port and the temperature measuring port are formed in the tank body, so that the liquid level of the washing tank can be monitored and controlled, and the temperature in the tank body can be monitored; the guide plate is arranged above, so that the natural gas is ascended in a spiral manner along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the barrel body, and liquid drops and solid particles strike the barrel body and drop downwards.


Reactions of NdCl3 and PrCl3 with two equivalents of sodium tri-tert-butylcyclopentadienide furnished base- and salt-free [Cp′2NdCl] and [Cp′2PrCl] (Cp′ = 1,2,4-(Me3C)3C5H2) in good yield. Trimethylaluminium has been added to the neodymium complex to form [Cp′2NdClAlMe3]. With LaCl3 or CeCl3 base-free bis(ring) complexes were not obtained, but in the latter case the salt adduct [(4Cp2Ce)(μ-Cl)2Na(tmeda)2]∞ (4Cp = (Me2CH)4C5H) could be extracted from the product mixture with tetramethylethylenediamine and crystallized as a zigzag chain polymer. [4Cp2SmCl2Na(dme)2] retained the coordinated sodium chloride even when dissolved in non-polar solvents. Attempted preparation of [Cp′2YbCl] gave the mono(ring) complex [Cp′YbCl(μ-OCH2CH2OCH3)]2 from cleavage of the dimethoxyethane solvent and with lutetium trichloride the hexanuclear complex [(4CpLu)5LuCl13(OEt2)5] was prepared in low yield. For lanthanum and thulium use of the triiodide as a starting compound enabled synthesis of the corresponding bis(tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl)metal iodide, bis{tri-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl}lanthanum iodide was also prepared from LnI3. [4Cp2TmI] shows a unique conformation of one of the tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl ligands with two isopropyl neighbours rotated towards each other indicating extreme steric congestion. Oxidation of [Cp′2Sm] with copper(I) iodide gave [Cp′2SmI] in high yield. Mono(ring) complexes are readily available from trichlorides of thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium. Apart from the donor solvent adducts [4CpTmCl2(dme)], [Cp′YbCl2(thf)2], and [4CpLuCl2(dme)], which were isolated from solutions in the corresponding donor solvent, the salt- and donor-free dihalides [Cp′TmCl2]n and [Cp′YbCl2]n were obtained as oligomers from pentane or petroleum ether extracts. The thulium compound gave [Cp′Tm{N(SiMe3)2}2] with two equivalents of Na[N(SiMe3)2] and the ytterbium complex underwent ring exchange with lithium tert-butylcyclopentadienide and formation of the bis(tert-butylcyclopentadienyl)ytterbium complex [(Me3CC5H4)2Yb(μ-Cl)]2.


We investigated blood coagulability, vascular morphology, and vasculogenesis capability, which are known as venous thromboembolism risk factors, in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament model, tiptoe walking mice. The tiptoe walking mice had impaired blood coagulation and vascular environment which may contribute to venous thrombosis. Study Design. In vivo studies of the vascular system in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) model mice. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate blood coagulability, vascular morphology, and vasculogenesis capability, known as venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors in the ossification model, tiptoe walking (ttw) mice. Summary of Background Data. Patients with OPLL are more likely to develop VTE after spinal cord injury. Capillary mesh invasion of spinal ligaments precedes spinal ligament ossification in ttw mice. Investigation on vascular systems of ttw mice may contribute to clarifying its pathology. Methods. Coagulability of blood samples from ttw and C57BL/6 (WT) mice were evaluated at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age. Vascular morphology was assessed from a Hematoxylin-Eosin stained section by measuring vessel area. A tube formation assay was performed with endothelial cells isolated from the aorta to assess vasculogenesis. Results. Prothrombin time was significantly shorter in ttw mice than in WT at 8 and 16 weeks. Fibrinogen had a greater increase in ttw mice than in WT at 16 weeks. The vascular area and vascular wall area were significantly smaller in ttw mice than in WT at all timepoints. The ratio of vascular wall area to vascular area was significantly smaller in ttw mice than in WT at 24 weeks. The endothelial cells from ttw mice formed significantly higher numbers of total branching points than WT cells. Conclusion. Ossification model mice had impaired blood coagulation and vascular morphology and high capacity for vasculogenesis. With regard to the pathogenesis of VTE, ttw mice harbor an environment that promotes the development of VTE. Level of Evidence: N/A


One kind of cut surface arc-tapered annular liner structure was proposed with varied thickness,and the process of forming annular EFP was simulated.The model of warship broadsides protection was established,with ship broadsides equivalent to multilayer thin targets,and the vertical penetration of three layer targets was carried out using the formed annular EFP.The results showed that the new annular EFP had good flight stability,density and material utilization,could cut through the first two layers,and leave 8mm deep,83.39mm radius craters in the third layer of the targets;the velocity of EFP is stepped down,with the maximum mass loss when cutting through the second layer of the targets.


The author points out that we usually find some enterprises that one h and they have profit, on the other hand the high speed development brings them shortage of resource, and then they may be facing with financial loss. Aiming a t these phenomena, the author suggests that we can use MVAEVA system to recogn ize the real enterprises, value creation. First, the author analyzes MVA EVA separately, and then integrate MVA with EVA. At last the author analyzes the c auses that could influence the enterprises, value, and brings forward that onl y at the time of MVA, increasing, enterprises, value is enhancing really.


Statistical tests of significance are carried out on the feedback shift register pseudo-random number generator employed on the BBC microcomputer. The tests are based on the practicalities of using a microcomputer in simulations for statistical education. The results indicate that the generator is not universally acceptable in this role.


All fast DCT implementations usually try to avoid multiplication operations by increasing number of addition operations and decreasing number of multiplication operations, or by utilizing a distributed arithmetic based DCT architecture. Favoring addition over multiplication might actually make the architecture slower, since time complexity for addition is almost the same as the time complexity for fast multipliers. In such architectures several cascading adders replaces one multiplier. The most important thing is reducing the depth of the addition operations. The distributed arithmetic based DCT architecture requires ROM which degrades the speed and increases the area requirements of the architecture. In this paper, we are proposing a new high-speed minimum-addition DCT architecture that utilizes 4-2 compressors to achieve high-speed DCT implementation. This architecture does not use adder except at the last level to improve the speed performance. Also, another DCT architecture that uses adders and 4-2 compressors is proposed. This later architecture is characterized by its high-speed and area-efficient features.


This paper investigates the process of cross-national diffusion of work systems to affiliate firms of three Japanese MNCs in the UK. It examines the degree to which structural, cultural and control-related work systems of the source company are adopted by the recipient. The case studies highlight the interplay between institutional forces and organizational action through a process of work systems translation. The study is based on a systematic comparative analysis of the ways in which Japanese work systems are implemented and sustained in the given firms. It concludes that firms attempt to translate alternative work systems rather than submit to environmental pressures towards isomorphism. The process of diffusing work systems is not driven by pre-existing legacies alone. There is room for social action in that actors, through their interaction, contribute actively to shaping the work organization.


This paper improves the method for learning a bicycle which can itself balance and go to any specified locations. The bicycle is controlled by a neural network policy which is learned by deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm (DDPG). We propose a procedure which allows the controller can be gradually learned until it can stably balance and lead the bicycle to any specified places.


The invention relates to a compounded herbicide composition for rice fields, which contains the following two effective components: component (A): pyribenzoxim; component (B): a herbicide which is one of the following compounds: triazines compounds, heterocyclic compounds, phenoxy compounds, amide compounds, diphoenyl ether compounds, sulfonylurea compounds, phenoxyalkanoic acid compounds, botanical compounds, organic phosphorus compounds, urea compounds, dinitroaniline compounds, benzamide compounds and carbamate compounds; and wherein, the weight ratio of the component (A) to the component (B) is 1-50: 1-50.


Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) might be transferred from animals to humans and then escalated into transmission from human to human. Since dentists are regarded as the greatest risk category of healthcare workers in getting COVID-19, this article summarizes the transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2, particularly in dentistry, to gather all the relevant details for dental professionals and healthcare workers. SARS-CoV-2 can be spread through four main ways in dental clinics: inhalation, direct contact, indirect contact, and mucosal interaction. SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted through saliva, fecal-oral, and surgical smoke in an operating room.


AIMS
To generate a comprehensive profile of the protein composition of xenogeneic biomaterial, derived from porcine urinary bladder matrix (UBM).

MATERIALS & METHODS
Tunica layers and muscularis mucosa were removed from bladders using mechanical delamination. UBM was prepared using a solution of peracetic acid in ethanol, lyophilized then milled into powder. UBM biomaterial was subjected to tryptic digests and components separated using high-performance liquid chromatography with an ion trap mass spectrometer and identified through databases.

RESULTS
A repertoire of 129 proteins with neurotrophic, antiangiogenic and tumor-suppressive activities and those associated with tissue remodeling and wound repair were identified.

CONCLUSION
This study provides the first insight into the complex nature of the UBM and how its application may be tailored for specific applications in regenerative medicine. We propose that the UBM be further investigated for reconstructive and regenerative remodeling of cardiac and dermal tissues, as well as peripheral nerves.


This paper presents a brief overview of our research focused on the thermodynamics of primary antioxidant action related mainly to (poly)phenolic compounds. Reaction enthalpies for three mechanisms of radical scavenging by primary (chain-breaking) antioxidants or model compounds have been investigated using quantum chemical calculations.


Thermal conductivities (lambda) of Fe/KClO/sub 4/ pellets and some other special pellets provided by SNLL were measured at various temperatures by the comparative method with Pyroceram 9606 as reference. An increase in lambda value with residence time at higher temperature in Fe/KClO/sub 4/ reactant pellets has been observed, possibly as a result of slow chemical reaction at these temperatures; lambda values were obtained by extrapolation to zero residence time for these samples. Fe/KClO/sub 4/ result show that the burned pellets are better thermal conductors than unburned ones; high-density pellets have higher lambda values than do the low-density ones; and 84/16 pellets are better thermal conductors than 80/20 pellets. All samples showed a slight decrease of lambda at higher temperatures. In the SNLL pellets, a drastic drop of thermal conductivities with increasing temperature was observed in A/sub 2/ /sub 5/B reactant samples. This is believed to be a result of the powder separation within a pellet at higher temperatures. The product pellets show a slight lambda increase in the temperature range of approx. 65/sup 0/C to approx. 239/sup 0/C.


Objective To evaluate the significance of CD44 v5 and CD44v6 genes expression in human gallbladder carcinoma progression and metastasis. Methods CD44v5 and CD44v6 genes expressions in 49 samples of gallbladder carcinoma, 10 samples of chronic cholecystitis and 10 samples of normal gallbladder were investigated by method of streptavidin peroxidase (SP) Immunohistochemical assays. Results ①Both the positive rates of CD44v5 and CD44v6 genes expression in malignant tumor were significantly higher than that in benign tissues. ②CD44v6 gene in gallbladder carcinoma correlated to histological type, but not for CD44v5. ③Both the CD44v5 and CD44v6 positive expression in cases with positive lymph nodes was significantly higher than in those with negative lymph nodes. Conclusions CD44v5 and CD44v6 genes expression maybe play an important role in lymph node metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma. Detecting CD44v5 and CD44v6 genes expression might be an objective indicator for progression and metastasis in gallbladder carcinoma.


PURPOSE: To provide a non-aqueous solvent for electrolytic solution which is hard to be reduced and satisfies perfectly other physical and chemical characteristics by mixing a 1,3-dioxane-2-on derivative given by a specific structural expression with other non-aqueous solvent. CONSTITUTION: A 1,3-dioxane-2-on derivative given by the expression in attached illustration is mixed with a non-aqueous solvent such as ester, ether, etc. In expression, R 1 , R 6 are alkyl radical given by general expression C n H 2n+1 (n=1-4) or alkoxyl radical given by general expression OC n H 2n+1 (n=1-4), and R 2 -R 5 are H or alkyl radical given by general expression C n H 2n+1 (n=1-4) or alkoxyl radical given by general expression OC n H 2n+1 (n=1-4) O 1 -C 6 , O 3 -C 4 of this compound are hard to be cleaved, i.e., not likely to be reduced. Further, it has a high specific dielectric factor and is not likely reduced by other non-aqueous electrolyte PC, BC, to provide a favorable non-aqueous solvent for electrolyte to be used in a battery. As positive electrode active material is used a metal oxide or sulfide, while metal Li, Li alloy, or a carbonaceous material capable of occluding and releasing Li ions is used to the negative electrode. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Conditions under which the asymptotic stabilization of uniformly decoupled time-varying multivariate systems is possible are explored. This is accomplished by developing a canonical form for integrator uniformly decoupled system in which the coefficient matrices have a simple structure. The procedures developed rely on certain conditions on the given system and yield explicit expressions for the stabilization compensators.


The reuse of construction and demolition wastes, especially crushed clay bricks (CCB), represents a major contribution to the environment. Due to the nature of clay bricks, it can be considered as source of fine and coarse aggregate to produce structural lightweight concrete (LWC). In this paper, the clay brick is crushed into the sizes of fine and coarse aggregate for concrete aiming to produce structural lightweight concrete. On achieving the targeted concrete properties, the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained concrete are studied. The results indicated that lightweight concrete can be produced by utilizing CCB as coarse and fine aggregate. Limited combination of CCB and natural aggregate can yield structural LWC, which can be used in structural purposes. The attained LWC mixes have lower modulus of elasticity, higher permeability and lower strength than the corresponding control concrete mixes.


Multi-spectral face recognition has acquired significant attention over a last few decades due to its potential of capturing spatial and spectral information across the electromagnetic spectrum. In this paper, we present a new imaging scheme that can obtain the multi-spectral face image at nine different spectra covering 530nm-1000nm. We prepared a new database comprising of 230 subjects using our new low-cost multi-spectral face imaging device. Extensive experiments are presented for evaluating the performance of the four different state-of-the-art face recognition algorithms on both individual bands and the fused spectral face image. Obtained results show the improved face recognition performance of Log-Gabor features with Collaborative Representation (CRC) as the classifier.


General comments: This study is a follow up of Tosetto et al. (2021), in which the authors present the pelagic cnidarian distribution obtained in the ABRACOS 1 survey. In this new manuscript, the authors compare their previously published data (austral spring) with the new, unpublished data from ABRACOS 2 (austral autumn). In this instance, and different from Tosetto et al. (2021), they include water column structure and surface current velocities to address three hypothesis: (1): increases in continental runoff and (2) reduction of western boundary current intensity increase the presence of oceanic cnidarian species over the shelf and (3) a decrease in mixed layer depth is associated to high abundances of planktonic cnidarians. Overall, the paper is very interesting as it shows how pelagic cnidarian communities are closely linked to different water masses and follow the distinction between the west Brazilian continental shelf, the transition zone, and the south equatorial current system, however, more appropriate data analysis to formally address the hypothesis mentioned above will strengthen the manuscript.


Web servers are vulnerable to a large class of attacks which can allow network attacker to steal sensitive web content. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of a web server architecture, wherein the vulnerable server VM runs on a trusted cloud. All sensitive web content is made available to the vulnerable server VM in encrypted form, thereby limiting the effectiveness of data-stealing attacks through server VM compromise. In this context, the main challenge is to allow the legitimate functionality of the untrusted server VM to work. As a step towards this goal, we develop a tool called AutoCrypt, which transforms a subset of existing C functionality in the web stack to operate on encrypted sensitive content. We show that such a transformation is feasible for several standard Unix utilities available in a typical LAMP stack, with no developer effort. Key to achieving this expressiveness over encrypted data, is our scheme to combine and convert between partially-homomorphic encryption (PHE) schemes using a small TCB in the trusted cloud hypervisor. We show that x86 code transformed with AutoCrypt achieves performance that is significantly better than its alternatives (downloading to a trusted client, or using fully-homomorphic encryption).


The periodic disturbance in transmittance of polystyrene photonic crystal is detected in our experiment. The peak-to-peak intervals of the periodic disturbance vary with the wavelength. It is attributed to the propagation of the whispering gallery mode in polystyrene spheres. The results show that the periodically arrayed particles may affect light transfer outside the gap band, which implies the possibility in applications of photonic crystal films.


(57) Abstract: A processing apparatus for processing a composite element, the flow passage, and the flow inside the cylindrical wall of the housing as a stator for conveying fluid carrying solid particles produced from the complex elements by crushing disposed on a circle to form a cyclic Subesu as road, located at a relatively distance from each other about the axis of rotation for rotating the rotor, and a row of acceleration tool moving relative to the stator. Above the housing bottom supply passage in the vicinity is provided in the center of the rotary shaft, the delivery arm 64 ,, have distribution disc 60 rotating shaft equipped with a dispense arm 64, the rotation shaft and the disc outer edge 62 extending over a period, and, positioned between the deposition plane covering the rotor at the outlet near the distribution disc 60. The rotor includes a plurality of acceleration plate 68a having an axis of rotation parallel to radial acceleration tool 70.


Engine emission during cold start below zero temperature condition is one of the issues as the emission emitted during that period covers 80% of the total emission for passenger cars. Spray characteristics(vaporization, atomization and penetration) in the low temperature condition is, therefore, important as they affect engine combustion followed by engine-out emission. A wide range of injectors were tested and characterized. Spray characteristics were evaluated in two typical temperatures( 15°C and -10°C). Spray characteristics with the DISI and HSDI injectors seemed to be independent on temperatures selected in the reported work while LPG injector exhibited the growth of the liquid droplet size and the increase of liquid penetration to lead a difference of engine combustion condition and engine-out emission.


Based on comprehensive review of related literature,content and distribution of As in the surface water,groundwater,soil,sediments,lithosphere and atmosphere were summarized,geochemical cycle of As in the earth surface layer was reviewed,species and transform of As in water and soil/sediment solid phases were discussed.As in soil and sediments usually associates with iron,aluminum and manganese(hydro) oxides,clays and mineral oxyanions such as sulfates,phosphates and carbonates,which play an important role in controlling the distribution and mobility of arsenic.Quantitative evaluation of As sources including metal smelting,fossil-fuel combustion and arsenic chemicals were conducted as well.


i After presenting some important and different theoretical contributions about the ongoing power transition in the international system since the end of the Cold War, this article intends to analyze how recent events (2011-2012) can influence the direction of theses transformations may take in the decade to come.


In this essay the law of the tax on sur-plus value that is part of the project of Organic Law reforming the organic code of the territorial organization, autonomy and decentralization is detailed, it is about fulfilling the objective of determin-ing the factors that lead to the imple-mentation of the law of the law in a government and its effects as such. From the ideas launched by physio-graphs and exponents of the economy such as Marx and Smith.The law creates a tax on the speculative value of the land, which is 75%. This tax is applied to the extra profit generat-ed by the second sale of real estate and land. The tax will be charged after rec-ognizing the owner an ordinary gain that includes the value of the property in deeds, fees and gas for improve-ments and an interest rate equivalent to having the money in the bank.


Optimal nutrition is essential for athletes to maximise performance. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are commonly used to assess habitual dietary intake as they are inexpensive, quick and easy to administer. PURPOSE: To determine the relative validity and reproducibility of an athlete-specific FFQ for assessing food group intake in high performing athletes. METHODS: Athletes (n=66), 16-35 years, from several sports competing at regional level or above completed a 129-item FFQ at baseline (FFQ1) and four weeks later (FFQ2) to assess reproducibility. An estimated 4DFR was completed between these assessments to determine FFQ1 validity. Agreement between methods was assessed using Wilcoxon signed rank tests, Spearman correlation coefficients, cross-classification and the weighted kappa statistic. RESULTS: The FFQ overestimated intake for 17 of 28 food groups compared with the 4DFR (p<0.05). Correlations ranged from 0.11 (processed meats) to 0.78 (tea, coffee & hot chocolate), with a mean of 0.41. Correct classification of food groups into the same tertile ranged from 35.4% (starchy vegetables) to 55.5% (fats & oils). Misclassification into the opposite tertile ranged from 4.6% (legumes) to 15.4% (starchy vegetables; sauces & condiments). The weighted kappa demonstrated fair to moderate (k =0.21-0.60) agreement for most food groups. FFQ1 intake was significantly higher than from FFQ2 for 13 food groups (p<0.05). Reproducibility correlations ranged from 0.49 (potato chips; fats & oils) to 1.00 (tea, coffee & hot chocolate), with a mean of 0.65. Using tertiles, most (20 of 23 assessed) food groups had >50% of participants correctly classified and <10% grossly misclassified, and demonstrated moderate to good agreement (k=0.610.8). CONCLUSIONS: The FFQ showed reasonable relative validity and good reproducibility for assessing food group intake in high performance athletes in New Zealand. The FFQ could be used in future research to assess athletes' food group intake.


The east of China has had a great development, which is the result of the disequilibrium developing policy.For the west , it is necessary to use this policy to develop some large cities, then make use of the large city effect to help the development of all the west.The best method is to move the capital to the west.It can acelebrate the development of large cities around the capital and then all the west.


This article draws on a case study of eight South African Educational Technology (ET) lecturers who use web-based teaching and learning (WBTL) in teaching their modules. Educational Technology is offered as a field of study by higher education institutions in South Africa. Thus, the article not only gives these lecturers a voice, but also looks at the WBTL challenges they face. Universities claim to treat all fields of study equally, but these lecturers tell different stories about the way they are treated by their institutions. Data collection occurred through individual semi-structured interviews, participant observations and questionnaires. Guided analysis theory (Dhunpath and Samuel 2009, 12; Freeman and Richards 1996, 372) was used as a framework and this produced the five themes, while the article is framed by connectivism theory because it is suited to the digital age (Siemens 2005, 1-8).


In this paper, we study the relation between Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity and Bridgeland stability for the Hilbert scheme of n points on P-2. For the largest [n/2] Bridgeland walls, we show that the general ideal sheaf destabilized along a smaller Bridgeland wall has smaller regularity than one destabilized along a larger Bridgeland wall. We give a detailed analysis of the case of monomial schemes and obtain a precise relation between the regularity and the Bridgeland stability for the case of Borel fixed ideals.


Hazardous materials, in many forms, are ubiquitous in modern society. They are integrated into communities in the form of manufacturing and commercial establishments, medical facilities and laboratories-'hazmat' also circulates through communities in the transportation process, by rail, truck and pipeline. In areas vulnerable to earthquakes, hazmat releases constitute a secondary disaster that can be triggered by seismic action. This paper points out that little research and management attention have been given to the issue of earthquake-induced hazardous materials releases. The problem and its potential consequences are defined, and the history of hazmat releases in recent earthquakes is reviewed. Existing studies of earthquakeinduced hazardous materials releases are critiqued to identify gaps in knowledge that should be filled as a preface to meaningful efforts at planning for this hazard. Suggestions are outlined for the types of information needed to establish a database from which threat assessments,...


The present invention provides centrifugal separation of dust can be efficiently, without scattering the dust trapped up again and cyclone separation means and a low-noise electric vacuum cleaner. For this reason, in the primary cyclone unit (10), a swirl chamber (12) so that a swirling flow from the dust-containing air inlet (11) of the suction, thereby separating the first and second dust from dust-laden air 2 dust, the first and the second dust trapped in the dust are zero-order dust case (114) and a dust collecting box (14), the zero-order dust box (114) disposed on a swirl chamber side surface (12), the zero-order opening portion (113) disposed in a swirl chamber (12) communicating the side walls, one of the dust collecting box (14) provided on a swirl chamber (12) below. In the secondary cyclone unit (20), smaller than a discharge outlet (15) opening area of the secondary inlet (21) an outlet from the air intake (15) is discharged, the secondary swirl chamber ( two current collector 22) so that the first air swirl, thus separated from the air in the first second of the first dust than the fine dust, the dust trapped to the second set in the secondary swirl chamber (22) below the dust box (24). This configuration cyclone separation means the zero-order dust case (114) is formed so as to cover at least a portion of the secondary cyclone unit (20).


The technological characteristics and development trend of both fieldbus and virtual instrument are presented summarily.The reciprocal advantages of these two technologies in the network and unification of user interface of industrial automation and process control system are pointed out.The integration of these two technologies meets the demand of multi network combination,it is one of the important development trends of industrial automation and process control fields.


Precise and accurate determination of calcium isotope ratios in urine is imperative in limiting the expense of enriched isotopes used in human metabolic tracer studies. The calcium isotope spectrum obtained from an ICP-MS (using conventional spray chamber), operated in low resolution mode (LR = 300), is subject to numerous polyatomic, isobaric and doubly charged interferences. The most severe polyatomic interfences can be resolved at resolutions greater than 3500, whereas, isobaric and doubly charged interferences are easily corrected. Precise (<0.1% 1σ) isotope ratios, however, are not routinely obtained in medium resolution (MR = 4300). Here we use a HR-ICP-MS in MR to identify and determine methods to reduce polyatomic interferences. Using oxalate precipitation of urinary calcium and desolvation sample introduction, interferences can be reduced sufficiently to allow determination of the 42, 43, 44, 46 and 48 isotopes of calcium with the precision of LR. Isotope ratio precision and accuracy is < ±0.1%
(1σ) for analysis of three isotopes (42, 43, and 44), as required for clinical studies. Propagating this level of uncertainty indicates that >4% enrichments provide < ±10%
(2σ) uncertainty in the calculated fractional calcium absorption values. Minimizing unnecessary enrichments can increase the number of subjects in studies without increasing the substantial cost of enriched isotopes. This new analytical method is applied to our on-going clinical trials where 0.017 mg kg−1 of 42Ca (90.8%; intravenous, IV) and 0.012 mg kg−143Ca (52.1%;oral) administered to postmenopausal women show average 24 h (pooled) urinary enrichments of 5.0% and 5.1% from the intravenous and oral doses, respectively.


Fascism as a "transpolitical phenomenon" came into being under the conditions of the systemic crisis of capitalism almost synchronically in Italy, Spain and Germany. It was a reaction of the world's imperialist bourgeoisie to the Great October Socialist Revolution and the increasing attractiveness of the ideas of socialism that it had given rise to. The ideology of the German fascism the National-Socialism is the ideology of the intentionally perverted form of socialism paradoxically combined with the aggressive anti-Communism. It ruled out the possibility of establishing a society which could be free from exploitation and social inequality, a humane and just society which could provide for a genuine freedom for everyone. Masterfully manipulating the behavior of broad social strata under the conditions of wide-spread anti-capitalist sentiment, hiding behind the anti-capitalist slogans and speaking in the language of disillusioned workers and ruined Mittelstand, the Hitlerites depicted the interests of capitalist monopolies as national interests, trying to lure the proletariat and the middle class into the struggle for the preservation of the existing social order, for the weakening and defeat of the organized workers' movement. Believing the Communists to be of "the greatest danger for the Reich", Nazists struck their major blow against the German Communist Party and the Communist Soviet Union. Despite cruel repressions, German Communists and the people of different countries united in the combat against fascism. Anti-fascists fought not only in the German Resistance, but also in the French Resistance, the Spanish International Brigades, the Italian All-Peoples Resistance Movement, in the battlefields of the World War II. The fight against fascism was the international class struggle against capitalism, against aggression and violence and the most reactionary ideology. And it was the struggle for peace and democracy, for the freedom of every person irrespective of his or her social background, race or nationality, the struggle for social justice and fraternal solidarity. It turned out that the great humanistic, constructive and truly international idea of Communism has a tremendous potential of mobilization and consolidation, because it bestows the highest sense of human actions. In the historic clash with the Communism the fascist ideology exposed itself as anti-human, destructive and vain. Being the most radical and aggressive form of ethnic nationalism and xenophobia, it engendered the hideous practice of genocide against other nationalities and turned out to become a great tragedy for the German people.


Hypertension is a major public health problem due to its high prevalence and morbidity and mortality, therefore, preventive and correctivemeasures are essential to avoid disease aggravation. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of hypertensivepatients registered in a Family Health Unit in Ananindeua, State of Para. This is an observational, transversal, descriptive and quantitativestudy. Data collection was performed by conducting a questionnaire at home visits. The sample comprised 124 hypertensive patients: 70.16%were elderly (mean age 64.9 years), 66.13% were women; 54.84%, married; 77.42%, African descent; 39.52% had incomplete elementaryeducation; 34.68% belonged to the C-2 economic segmentation, equivalent to a R$ 933,00 monthly income; 34.68% had blood pressureunder control. Among the health problems reported, the following were emphasized: swelling / leg pain (41.13%), diabetes (33.06%), anddyslipidemia (33.06%). The average BMI was 27.84, and there was a significant association between smoking and increased levels of bloodpressure. The results suggest the need to implement health promotion actions directed to the education in the prevention of risk factors.


Phytophthora ramorum characteristically produces large amounts of chlamydospores in vitro, but the role of these propagules in the disease cycle remains unclear. Germination is difficult to observe and quantify if chlamydospores are not free of mycelium, and the low frequency of germination commonly reported suggests that requirements for germination may not have been entirely met. Here, we conducted germination experiments factoring for chlamydospore age, chlamydospore isolation method, and nutrient medium. Chlamydospore germination frequency in each of the treatments ranged from 0 to 70 percent. Results suggest that chlamydospore age, isolation method, and nutrient media significantly affect chlamydospore germination.


The microstructure of hydrogenated amorphous silicon‐carbon alloys has been analyzed by small‐angle x‐ray scattering, infrared absorption, and density measurements. Decreasing density with C incorporation is due to microvoids about 0.6 nm in average radius, which are either approximately spherical in shape or randomly oriented nonspheres. The microvoid number density increases from about 5×1019/cm3 for a‐Si:H to about 4×1020/cm3 for a‐Si0.7 C0.3 :H. The CH3 species probably causes the enhanced microvoid formation in these alloys. A large fraction of the microvoid surfaces is not hydrogenated.


The Cartesian Coordinate System (CCS), although increasingly adopted as the working environment of architectural design, does not have a simple relationship with the physical world. This paper examines the role of Euclidean geometry as a mediating entity. It explores the relationship between Euclidean geometry and the world and its validity as a model of three-dimensional space. It then traces the development of the CCS from its origins in René Descartes' algebraic analysis of the geometrical methods of Greek antiquity, before finally examining the mathematical connection between the CCS and Euclidean geometry.