Terror struck Pune on 13 Feb. 2010 as a powerful bomb ripped apart a popular restaurant, killing nine people and injuring more than 45. A retrospective analysis of the injury patterns was done. Materials and Methods The CDC template, viz. "Bomb Surveillance Form" was used for the data collection, that was analyzed by SPSS version 15 software. Results Of the 50 survivors transferred to the four nearby hospitals, 11 (22%) of them had severe life threatening injuries, with 19 patients (38%) having primary blast injuries, Secondary type of injury was seen in, and 22% had tertiary injuries. Orthopedic (24%) and burn injuries (36%) were prominent. The mortality rate was 16%. Discussion The occurrence of MCI in an unexpected scenario overwhelms the medical resources and challenges the emergency medical facilities. Analysis of the injuries revealed that fatal outcome was related to presence of shock, severe lung, bowel injury, presence of more than four types of injury and greater than 50% burns. Strengths Highlights the importance of being able to recognize the blast injury patterns and their management. Limitations Inability to compare with other blast injuries due to several missing data. Conclusion Blast injury sustained in a small, enclosed space is one of the most serious and complicated forms of multiple trauma. Hospitals and civic authorities must be prepared to counter this menace of modem times. Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced.


Dual-functional photocatalysis for H2 evolution with the simultaneous mineralization of 4-chlorophenol was achieved under de-aerated conditions using a Cr2O3/Rh/SrTiO3 photocatalyst which has Rh nanoparticles covered with a thin Cr2O3 barrier layer to selectively control and maximize the dual-functional photocatalytic activity.


Protoplasts were separately stained with the fluorescent dyes fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC). Following fusion, doubly stained heterokaryons were identified under fluorescence microscopy by using the Zeiss filter set 48 77 05 (excitation filter 450-490 nm, dichroic reflector 510 nm, and barrier filter 520 nm) which allowed simultaneous fluorochrome emissions. Previously, either emission spectrum, but not both, was possible for any single filter set.


We present the acid-base titration procedure for the determination of carbonic species in four types of waters: a. rainwater containing low concentration of dissolved species and low alkalinity, b. ground and surface water which contains mainly carbonic alkalinity, c. geothermal water which has carbonic and other alkalinities, and d. petroleum waters which have high concentration of salts and no contact with the present atmospheric CO2. The calibration of standards is crucial. The NaOH solution mostly contains a small amount of CO2 dissolved. Therefore, the standardization of NaOH solution is performed with titrating up to the carbonic acid equivalence point (H2CO3EP) instead of pH = 7.0. The Gran titration method for rainwater is performed with adding a small amount of NaOH (or HCl) and then titrating with HCl (or NaOH). The NaOH standard solution must be free from dissolved CO2. The H2CO3EP alkalinity method requires the subtraction of other alkalinities (such as boric, silicic) from the total alkalinity in order to obtain a representative carbonic alkalinity for geothermal waters. This method is also applicable for ground waters. The preliminary results for the determination of carbonic species in petroleum waters show the existence of very little or no carbonic alkalinity in them. However, the proposed method requires a complete analysis of all parameters which contribute to the H2CO3EP alkalinity including dissolved gases like H2S.


We present a deep machine learning (ML)–based technique for accurately determining σ8 and Ωm from mock 3D galaxy surveys. The mock surveys are built from the AbacusCosmos suite of N-body simulations, which comprises 40 cosmological volume simulations spanning a range of cosmological parameter values, and we account for uncertainties in galaxy formation scenarios through the use of generalized halo occupation distributions (HODs). We explore a trio of ML models: a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN), a power spectrum–based fully connected network, and a hybrid approach that merges the two to combine physically motivated summary statistics with flexible CNNs. We describe best practices for training a deep model on a suite of matched-phase simulations, and we test our model on a completely independent sample that uses previously unseen initial conditions, cosmological parameters, and HOD parameters. Despite the fact that the mock observations are quite small (∼0.07 h−3 Gpc3) and the training data span a large parameter space (six cosmological and six HOD parameters), the CNN and hybrid CNN can constrain estimates of σ8 and Ωm to ∼3% and ∼4%, respectively.


Abstract : This research product is the result of a requirement to develop audiovisual training modules to help remediate deficiencies on leadership dimensions identified in cadets through the precommissioning Leadership Assessment Program. The modules were designed around realistic scenarios of common leadership situations in the Army. Each scenario presents positive and negative models of behavior from the subject leadership dimension. After a presentation of desirable and undesirable behavior on the dimension, each module is structured to require an interaction between the student and a scenario unfolding in the narrative, which teaches a lesson about acceptable performance on the dimension. Workbooks to guide the student through those interactive lessons were also developed for each module.


AbstractThe military confrontation between Taiwan and China used to be a famous example of arms dynamics, but the context has gradually changed from the 2000s (Buzan and Herring, 1998: 80). This has occurred as Taipei's recently lukewarm responses to the increasingly serious challenges from the People's Liberation Army (PLA). According the recent military build-ups, Taiwan seems to shiftto a denial-oriented strategy to counter China's achieving aerial and naval superiorities; nevertheless, this new approach to the cross-Strait arms dynamics may be eclipsed by a range of issues.Keywords: Taiwan, arms dynamics, People's Liberation ArmyJEL classification: F51, F52, H56, N45(ProQuest: ... denotes non-US-ASCII text omitted.)1. The Past of the CrossStrait Arms DynamicThe arms dynamic across the Taiwan Strait is historically related to the Chinese Civil War between the Chinese Nationalist Party (commonly known as Kuomintang, KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) after the Second World War. The regime of the KMT, the Republic of China (ROC), fled to Taiwan in 1 949 after it lost control over almost all of the territory of China to the CCP, whose newly-established regime, the People's Republic of China (PRC), claimed it would capture Taiwan in order to terminate the civil war. Thereafter, the ROC regime in Taiwan desperately armed itself for survival, with the additional goal of "retaking the mainland", whilst an important concern for the PRC's military build-ups was the invasion of Taiwan (Cole, 2006a: 1 5, 20). This situation meant that the ROC and the PRC regimes both came to fit the criteria of an arms dynamic: that both actors acquire armed forces and pursue their progress concerning each other at different levels (Buzan and Herring, 1 998: 5). As a challenger in the cross-Strait arms dynamic, Beij ing's efforts match with most Hammond's criteria for an arms race, corresponding military and diplomatic policies, politicalmilitary linkage, growth of defence expenditure at more than 8 per cent per annum in the last decade, focus on particular weapon systems, such as ballistic missiles, and the purpose of annexing Taiwan (Hammond, 1 993: 31 ; TAO, 2011 ). Taiwan, in comparison, would have been more likely to maintain the status quo after substantially giving up its goal of "retaking the mainland" in the mid-1 960s, with the result that its relatively moderate movements would have turned the cross-Strait dynamic into an arms competition (Cole, 2006a: 52; Buzan and Herring, 1 998: 80).The cross-Strait arms dynamic has been more than bilateral due to the involvement of several international powers. Firstly, both sides rely more or less on foreign arms suppliers for advanced weapon systems and relevant technologies. After the foundation of the PRC in 1 949, the Soviet Union provided a wide range of sophisticated weapon systems, such as diesel-electric submarines (SSK), jet fighters and destroyers, until the split between them in the early 1 960s (Cole, 2001 : 1 62). In the subsequent two decades, its revolutionary diplomacy resulted China into a degree of international isolation. The Sino-US rapprochement of 1 971 gradually helped China to gain access to weapon systems from the US and Western European countries, until the arms embargo on China following the Tiananmen massacre in 1 989 (Archick, Grimmett and Kan, 2005: 1 ). Simultaneous to the Western embargo, the resumption of military ties with the Soviet Union, and then Russia, has maintained China's access to foreign advanced arms to this day. As for Taipei, the US has been the only major continuous source of arms, in addition to limited procurements from France and other countries from the 1 950s on (SIPRI; Kallgren, 1 963: 36-38). Secondly, the US has directly intervened in the ROC-PRC arms dynamic by providing military presence, such as deploying aircraftbattle groups during the missile crisis in 1 996, diplomatic pressure, such as forcing Taiwan to abandon nuclear weapon projects, and other means (Roy, 2003: 1 43-1 44; Tucker, 2009: 96). …


Young children often find the concept of time, and events occurring in specific months, years and on particular dates, to be confusing, which means it can be a rewarding practical subject to explore.


The possible effect of 60-Hz magnetic field exposure in occupational and residential environments raises the question of how electric and magnetic fields are created, and what effects they may have. Utilities in particular are interested in the sources and levels of magnetic fields associated with their transmission lines, feeders, substations and related equipment. Monitoring equipment for electric and magnetic fields have improved considerably in recent years. The use of this equipment for detection and measurement of electric fields and magnetic flux density has helped utilities to characterize exposure to these fields. In order to accurately determine which pieces of equipment within a substation are the main sources of high magnetic fields, detailed measurement must be taken. This paper presents the results of measurement and simulation of the magnetic fields on a typical 230 kV substation in Saudi Arabia. The substation area includes all transformers, circuit breakers, feeders and buses. Measurements of magnetic fields were taken using the FIELD STAR TM 1000 meters, developed by EPRI and manufactured by DEXSIL Corporation. Simulation of magnetic fields was done using SUBCALC Magnetic Field Modeling Program developed by EPRI Environment Division running under Microsoft Windows. The resulting magnetic field environment is presented in a variety of graphical formats including contour and threedimensional maps.


Place is central to the identity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The Narrabeen Camp Project explores the use of immersive technologies to offer opportunities to engage with Indigenous histories, Storytelling and cultural heritage in ways that privilege place. While
 nothing can replace being 'on Country', the XR technologies of AR and VR support different modalities of engagement with real, and virtual, place. The project documents the Stories, Language and Lore associated with the Gai-mariagal clan and, in particular, with the Aboriginal
 Camp that existed on the north-western shore of Narrabeen Lakes from the end of the last ice age to 1959 when it was demolished to make way for the Sydney Academy of Sports and Recreation. The project will investigate evolving Aboriginal Storytelling dynamics when using immersive digital media
 to teach culture and to document a historically important site that existed for thousands of years prior to its demolition in the mid-twentieth century. It expects to generate new knowledge about Aboriginal Storytelling and about the history of urban Aboriginals. Expected outcomes include
 a schema connecting Aboriginal Storytelling with immersive digital technologies, and truth-telling that advances understanding of modern Australia and urban Aboriginal people. The research should promote better mental, social and emotional health and wellbeing for Indigenous Australians and
 benefit all Australians culturally, socially and economically.


Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the basic data for adolescents" mental health states in a community. Methods: 466 middle school and high school students were analyzed by visit-survey with an organized questionnaire from March to June 2008. K-YSR for measurement of mental health was used. Results: The score of total behavior (p Conclusions: This study result will be significant in that it can provide basic data for the school mental health services.


We present results of the laser scattering in some structures of foams known as Plateau borders. The light patterns are Parlaseric Circle with Laser Dogs and Horus Eye. Parlaseric Circle is due to conical diffraction.


China is a large agricultural country.The higher requirements on humanities quality,knowledges and skills of talents in colleges and universities,the new requirements on strengthening the id`eological and political education of the students in agricultural colleges are put forward with the development of agricultural science and technology.Strengthening the targeted and effective of ideological and political education is beneficial to the cultivation of humanistic spirit,to enhance the identity on agriculture,the professional interest and the confidence for devotion to agriculture of students in agricultural colleges.In the situation,the work of ideological and political education of agricultural colleges must advance with the times,constantly renovate the ideas of education,innovate education thinking,absorb and learn advanced methods to promote the realization of scientific.


Use of scalp reduction and punch grafting in the treatment of stages V, VI, or VII extensive alopecia still poses questions which have not yet been completely resolved. Having completed a study I conducted with 100 patients, I can now answer the following questions: What are the evaluation criteria to be used in determining whether a patient may be treated? What is the maximum area of baldness that can be treated? Can one expect redistribution of hair to the entire scalp in these patients? Is there a particular scalp reduction procedure which is more suitable for the treatment of extensive alopecia? Is it desirable to follow a particular chronology when administering this treatment? Are these patients sufficiently motivated to continue treatment fully until its completion? Finally, what questions still remain to be answered?


Objective To explore the differential diagnostic value of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging combined with oxygen intervention for solitary pulmonary nodule(SPN).Methods Thirty-four patients with SPN were enrolled.All patients absorbed oxygen before 99mTc-MIBI injection.The early and delayed SPECT/CT fusion imaging of the chest were performed 10 min and 2 h after 99mTc-MIBI injection,respectively.The early and delayed uptake ratios(EUR and DUR) of benign and malignant SPN were compared.The efficiency of EUR and DUR in diagnosing SPN were analyzed with ROC curve.Results There were 10 patients with malignant SPN and 24 patients with benign SPN.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy rate,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of qualitative analysis was 90.00%(9/10),87.50%(21/24),88.24%(30/34),75.00%(9/12) and 95.45%(21/22),respectively.In patients with malignant SPN,EUR was 2.13±0.62(95%CI 1.68—2.57),whereas that in patients with benign SPN was 1.31±0.42(95%CI 1.13—1.48).In patients with malignant SPN,DUR was 2.40±0.47(95%CI 2.07—2.74),whereas that in patients with benign SPN was 1.37±0.64(95%CI 1.09—1.64).EUR and DUR were significantly different between malignant and benign SPN(t=4.53,4.59;both P0.001).Semiquantitative analysis showed that when EUR≥1.50,the value of sensitivity and specificity was 90.00% and 79.20%,for DUR ≥1.47,the value of sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 79.20%,respectively.Conclusion 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging combined with oxygen intervention has good clinical value in differential diagnosis of malignant and benign SPN.


This paper describes a programme of breath testing surveys carried out to determine the extent of change in the prevalence of nighttime driving after drinking during a police campaign against drinking and driving. The police enforcement campaign was carried out between June and November 1995 in British Columbia, Canada. The results show a substantial reduction in drink driving behaviour with 45% less drivers with blood alcohol contents in excess of 0.8mg. For the covering abstract see IRRD 893732.


In this research work AISI D2 tool steel at a hardness of 55 HRC is being used for experimental investigation. Cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut are the cutting parameters considered for the experimentation along with tool geometry namely, nose radius, clearance angle and rake angle. Three different cutting tool materials are used for experimentation namely multicoated carbide, cermet and ceramic inserts. The cutting force generated during the machining process is being measured using Kistler dynamometer and recorded for further evaluation. The chips produced during the machining process for every experimental trail is also collected for understanding the chip morphology. Based on the experimental data collected Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to understand the influence of all cutting parameters and tool geometry on cutting force.


This article establishes mathmetical model of optimum design of the crankshaft and sliding block system and the optimized objective is the transmission effect. An example is given using Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique as optimal calculation method and the program is written in Fortran.


An important enlightenment from mythological history is to leave the study for the field and investigate the living mythology in connection with documented myths using theories and methods from relevant sciences.China has the world's most abundant resources of myth.They are to be found and studied both in documents and fields.Only when a general and comprehensive grasp of the myths of all 56 nationalities is achieved,can we expand and lift our mythological research.


The aim of integrated weed management (IWM) is to use of a combination of different practices to maintain weed densities at manageable levels. A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College, Tehran of University, in Karaj city 2005-2006 by planting wheat, to investigate the response of planting methods and tank mixed herbicides. The experiment was laid out using a split plot arrangement, in randomized complete block design with three replications. Methods of planting were assigned to the main plots; while tank mixed herbicdes were kept in the sub-plots. The subplot size measured 4.5 × 4.5 m2. Row to row distance was kept at 30 cm. Data were recorded on weed density m-2, plant height (cm), spike length (cm), Number of spikes m-2, Number of grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight (g), biological yield (kg ha-1), and grain yield (kg ha-1). The data for individual traits were subjected to the ANOVA technique and significant means were separated by the LSD test. The analysis of the data showed that methods of sowing were statistically significant for plant height, No. of grains spike-1, 1000-grain weight and biological yield. The herbicides were statistically significant for all the parameters investigated except No. of grains spike-1, while the interaction of methods of planting with herbicides could not reach the level of significance in any of the traits examined. Among the methods of planting, line sowing was the best followed by line + broadcast sowing. The herbicide mixtures controlled mixed stands of broadleaf and grassy weeds to the tune of 65 to 74% with a consequent increase in grain yield from 58- 107%. Buctril-M + Topik 15 WP, 2,4-D + Puma Super 75 EW and Topik 15 WP were segregated as the top scoring applications by increasing yield to the extent of 107, 104 and 101 %, respectively over the weedy check.


There are several key mechanisms regulating eukaryotic gene expression at the level of protein synthesis. Interestingly, the least explored mechanisms of translational control are those that involve the translating ribosome per se, mediated for example via predicted interactions between the ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and mRNAs. Here, we took advantage of robustly growing large-scale data sets of mRNA sequences for numerous organisms, solved ribosomal structures and computational power to computationally explore the mRNA–rRNA complementarity that is statistically significant across the species. Our predictions reveal highly specific sequence complementarity of 18S rRNA sequences with mRNA 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs) forming a well-defined 3D pattern on the rRNA sequence of the 40S subunit. Broader evolutionary conservation of this pattern may imply that 5′ UTRs of eukaryotic mRNAs, which have already emerged from the mRNA-binding channel, may contact several complementary spots on 18S rRNA situated near the exit of the mRNA binding channel and on the middle-to-lower body of the solvent-exposed 40S ribosome including its left foot. We discuss physiological significance of this structurally conserved pattern and, in the context of previously published experimental results, propose that it modulates scanning of the 40S subunit through 5′ UTRs of mRNAs.


As fluid flows through a conventional wind or hydro turbine, it slows from losing energy to extraction from a turbine and spreads out to a wider area. This results in a loss of turbine efficiency. In order to exploit wind or water flow power more effectively, it was suggested to place the turbine inside a system of specially designed airfoils ('a flow booster'). One part of the booster ('a nozzle') improves the turbine performance by speeding up the flow acting on the turbine blades. The other part of the accelerating system ('a diffuser') creates a field of low pressure behind the turbine which helps to draw more mass flow to the turbine and avoid the loss of efficiency due to flow deceleration. The flow booster accumulates the kinetic energy of the flow (e.g. river flow or wind) in a small volume where the smaller turbine can be installed. Another possible application of the booster could be the improvement of wind turbine efficiency during low wind period. The present paper also discusses the possibility of kinetic energy accumulation by the use of several accelerating systems of different sizes—the smaller one can be installed inside the bigger one. It helps to accumulate even more kinetic energy on the turbine blades. We call this method the kinetic energy cumulation. Lab and field experiments and CFD simulations of shrouded turbine demonstrate significant increase in velocity in comparison of those for conventional (bare) turbines.


Abstract Objectives In obese adults the shape of the glucose response curve during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) predicts future type 2 diabetes. Patients with an incessant increase or monophasic curves have increased risk compared to those with biphasic curves. Since type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, we studied whether differences in OGTT response curve are associated with differences in cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adolescents across a wide body mass index (BMI) range. Methods Sixty-nine (33F/36M), white adolescents (age: 15.2 ± 1.7 years; BMI: 21.5 ± 4.7 kg/m2; mean ± SD) were studied. Risk factors measured included percent body fat, blood pressure, lipids, augmentation index, reactive hyperemia, endothelin 1, plasminogen activator 1, inflammatory markers (interleukin 6, c-reactive protein), insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity (Matusda index), and disposition index (DI). Results Thirty-two subjects had biphasic responses; 35 subjects had monophasic responses and two females had incessant increases. Sex did not affect the frequency of responses. Glucose area under the curve during OGTT was greater in those with a mono vs. biphasic curves (p=0.01). Disposition index was markedly lower in subjects with a monophasic curve than in those with a biphasic curve (3.6 [2.3–5.0] vs. 5.8 [3.8–7.6], median [25th, 75th%] p=0.003). Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio was higher in subjects with a monophasic curve (p=0.046). Conclusions The decreased disposition index indicates that in healthy adolescents a monophasic response to OGTT is due to decreased insulin secretion relative to the degree of insulin resistance present. This was not associated with differences in most other cardiometabolic risk markers. Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov, NCT02821104.


Abstract Among the approximately 200 eriophyoid mite species associated with coniferous trees worldwide, 33 species (of the families Eriophyidae and Phytoptidae) infest conifers in Poland, and 24 of them can cause visible feeding symptoms. In this paper we discuss the importance of eriophyoid mites to coniferous plants in Poland and their potential impact on the decorative value of ornamental plants. We emphasize the general lack of knowledge about the diversity of eriophyoid mites associated with coniferous trees and its role in the management and control of this economically important mite group.


The relative importance of chemical antifouling defences in natural systems may be overestimated by the apparent emphasis on the publication of positive results. Here, the antifouling activity of crude tissue extracts from a guild of temperate zone sessile invertebrates is tested in a laboratory bioassay. Twelve of the 20 extracts significantly impeded the successful metamorphosis of larvae of the co‐occurring solitary ascidian, Herdmania momus, at extract concentrations ≤ 5% of those occurring naturally in the invertebrate tissue. Sponge extracts were the most successful at impeding metamorphosis; five of the six most potent extracts were derived from this phylum. Sponges also yielded a significant correlation between the antifouling activity of extracts and the degree to which their surfaces were fouled in the field, although the removal of an outlying data point changed the nature and significance of this relationship. Nevertheless, it would appear that sponges may rely more heavily on chemical antifou...


thus justify rationaUy the presuppositions and postulates of his own system. The most convincing demonstration of the narrowness and inadequacy of Brunschvicg's phüosophy of Ufe, even from the point of view of reason itself, is his inability to vaUdate rationally in terms of his own system, and his persistent refusal even to submit to philosophical investigation, these fundamental suppositions of his own doctrine, namely, the origin and nature of the external or material universe, which is the raw material of mind and hence must somehow exist independently of it; the origin of each individual mind and its relation to universal Reason as such; and above aU the explanation of why Reason itself is submitted to evolution and must advance so slowly and painfuUy against the resistance of matter and sense-life towards its fuU self-realization—aU of which remain as mere unexplained postulates or primitive irrational "facts" in the "rationalism" of Brunschvicg. The second book, La Philosophie de Léon Brunschvicg, though not particularly bruliant or profound, especiaUy in its critical evaluations, is nevertheless a very competent and sympathetic analysis. It is particularly valuable as being the first full-length study of Brunschvicg's philosophy to have appeared thus far. Its approach is almost entirely one of positive exposition, with little attempt to explain the serious lacunae or unanswered problems in Brunschvicg's doctrine.


The name John Cookson is associated with Lorenzoni-type magazine repeating flintlocks of high quality, assumed to have been made in London during the last decade or so of the 17th century. Nothing is known of this gunmaker. A John Cookson is known to have been a gunsmith in Boston during the first half of the 18th century and, while he is given credit in the US for inventing the magazine repeater, there is no evidence that he ever made such a gun in America. Over the years, there has been much speculation about a connection between these John Cooksons but none has ever been established. A recently discovered flintlock fowler signed Cookson appears to be late 17th century and shares a number of features which suggest manufacture by the same John Cookson who made the magazine repeaters. The paper examines the details of this fowler, comparing them to those of the known magazine repeaters and argues that they were all made by the same maker. An extensive archival search was also made of the John Cooksons of the UK and of Boston, the results of which are summarized here. While no direct connection could be established, the evidence strongly suggests that they were the same person.


Soil moisture (SM) is the primary variable regulating the soil temperature (ST) differences between daytime and night-time, providing protection to crop rooting systems against sharp and sudden changes. It also has a number of practical applications in a range of disciplines. This study presents an approach to incorporating the effect of ST for the accurate estimation of SM using Earth Observation (EO) data from NASA's SMAP sensor, one of the most sophisticated satellites currently in orbit. Linear regression analysis was carried out between the SMAP-retrieved SM and ground-measured SM. Subsequently, SMAP-derived ST was incorporated with SMAP-derived SM in multiple regression analysis to improve the SM retrieval accuracy. The ability of the proposed method to estimate SM under different seasonal conditions for the year 2016 was evaluated using ground observations from the Wales Soil Moisture Network (WSMN), located in Wales, United Kingdom, as a reference. Results showed reduced retrieval accuracy of SM between the SMAP and ground measurements. The R2 between the SMAP SM and ground-observed data from WSMN was found to be 0.247, 0.183, and 0.490 for annual, growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. The values of RMSE between SMAP SM and WSMN observed SM are reported as 0.080 m3m−3, 0.078 m3m−3 and 0.010 m3m−3, with almost zero bias values for annual, growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. Implementation of the proposed scheme resulted in a noticeable improvement in SSM prediction in both R2 (0.558, 0.440 and 0.613) and RMSE (0.045 m3m−3, 0.041 m3m−3 and 0.007 m3m−3), with almost zero bias values for annual, growing and non-growing seasons, respectively. The proposed algorithm retrieval accuracy was closely matched with the SMAP target accuracy 0.04 m3m−3. In overall, use of the new methodology was found to help reducing the SM difference between SMAP and ground-measured SM, using only satellite data. This can provide important assistance in improving cases where the SMAP product can be used in practical and research applications.


Abstract : This report describes a method for facilitating the systematic and repeatable identification of risks associated with the development of a software-dependent project. This method, derived from published literature and previous experience in developing software, was tested in active government- funded defense and civilian software development projects for both its usefulness and for improving the method itself. Results of the field tests encouraged the claim that the described method is useful, usable, and efficient. The report concludes with some macro-level lessons learned from the field tests and brief overview of future work in establishing risk management on a firm footing in software development projects.


This chapter examines the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of dementia in older people with intellectual disabilities, including Down syndrome. The chapter begins with a discussion of the current demographics of older individuals with intellectual disabilities, including increasing life expectancy and physical health issues, before considering diagnosis and management. It reviews the principles of assessment and diagnosis, and outlines pharmacological and non-pharmacological management approaches. This chapter highlights the issues related to ageing with Down syndrome, as this condition confers a very high genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Management of challenging behaviour and end-of-life care in older adults with dementia is also considered.


The use of rotary assembly platforms, such as the automated box-fill system rotary table, is widespread in automation applications. One of the problems that the designers have to face is how to transfer the power to the auxiliary actuators mounted on the rotating platform. In this paper, this problem is solved by adopting a direct drive wound-rotor five-phase machine that can independently control the rotor torque and the power flow delivered to the rotor loads. Some simulation results are shown to confirm the effectiveness of this multiphase electric drive.


The human face provides a wealth of information about a person, displaying cues of group membership such as age, sex and race and also emotional expressions. Independently, both group membership cues and emotional expressions are spontaneously evaluated. There is, however, little research regarding how facial features such as emotional expression and cues of group membership such as racial background or age interact in the formation of spontaneous evaluations. As well, the relative importance of these different facial cues in evaluation is unknown. Using the affective priming paradigm as well as an adapted affective priming dual task paradigm, these questions were investigated. Images of own and other race faces (Experiment 1) and young and old faces (Experiment 2) displaying happy, neutral and angry expressions were used. It was found that spontaneous evaluations of emotions occurred regardless of the race or age of the face. Spontaneous evaluations of group membership only occurred when attention was focused on facial cues of group membership. These findings indicate that emotional expressions are evaluated preferentially in the context of faces which vary in both emotional and group membership cues, suggesting the relative importance of emotional expression in the context of interpersonal interactions with unfamiliar members of other groups.


Acute mastoiditis (AC) is a serious complication of acute otitis media (AOM) affecting, in most cases, the pediatric population. Diagnosis is usually easy in front of a retro auricular swelling associated to OM. However, this disease may cause significant and even life threatening complications beyond the tympanomastoid system such as peripheral facial nerve palsy, Bezold's abscess, meningitis, subperiosteal abscess and brain abscess. Management of AC remains controversial raging from conservative treatment in the form of IV antibiotics to more aggressive interventions such as mastoidectomy. This retrospective study represents our experience in the management of AC in the pediatric population. Our purpose was to review and discuss clinical presentations and main treatment modalities of AM.


The invention discloses a traffic camera cleaning device. The traffic camera cleaning device is characterized by comprising a buckle with an arc bayonet, wherein the lower part of the buckle is provided with a storage groove, one end of the storage groove is provided with an opening, a shield cover is arranged in the opening, two sides of the bottom of the shield cover extend outwards to form a first rotating shaft, two ends of each first rotating shaft stretch into holes on two side walls of the storage groove, a snap ring is welded on the inner side of the side wall of the storage groove in a welding manner, one end of a first spring is connected with the shield cover, and the other end is connected with the snap ring, so that the shield cover can cover the opening of the storage groove under the traction of the first spring under the natural condition. The traffic camera cleaning device is simple in structure and conveniently installed on a machine body of a camera, a glass baffle plate on the front part of the camera can be regularly or irregularly cleaned, and the working efficiency can be improved.


With a plan-view transmission electron microscope technique to unambiguously image the "physical" interface position between Si and furnace grown SiO 2 layers, we first show experimental evidence that the height-height autocorrelation function is a Gaussian function at Si s111dySiO2 interfaces. With a simple kinetic model, we have found that this Gaussian autocorrelation function is a natural consequence of step motion during silicon oxidation. This result puts interfacial roughness measurements on a firmer foundation in the future. [S0031-9007(98)07785-0]


The paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy and the corresponding atypical economic crisis, the role of the economic ability of the government during this crisis, aspects of financial support for the economy and the peculiarities of the zombie economy. The aim of the study is to research the actions of the economic ability of the government as an independent factor of production in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, contributing to the unfolding of the process of zombie-ing the economy. The research uses the methods of deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, analogy and abstraction. The special functions of the government are considered within the context of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic; particularly, we refer to the recognition of the fifth factor of production of the economic ability of the government. The main features of this atypical crisis are characterized. It is shown that the process of deglobalization during the COVID-19 pandemic characterizes the deglobalization of the economic ability of the government and that this process is temporary, since overcoming the global phenomenon of the pandemic and the economic crisis caused by it requires exclusively global efforts and measures. Particular attention is focused on the financial support of the economy from the economic ability of the government within the context of this economic crisis. The conclusion is that this support contributes to the process of zombie-ing the economy which took on a global character during the global financial and economic crisis of 2007–2009 and continued after its completion. Zombie-ing the economy is the result of a conflict between the political interests of the government and its economic ability when the latter is not able to overcome the barrier created by the former. A solution to this problem is possible through changes in bankruptcy legislation when its main principle of avoiding the unwanted bankruptcy of firms will be replaced by the principle of liquidation of unviable firms. Such a change in bankruptcy legislation can be implemented only during the economic upswing.


The acoustic front-end of hands-free communication devices introduces a variety of distortions to the linear echo path between the loudspeaker and the microphone. While the amplifiers may introduce a memory-less non-linearity, mechanical vibrations transmitted from the loudspeaker to the microphone via the housing of the device introduce non-linarities with memory, which are much harder to compensate. These distortions signif-icantly limit the performance of linear Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) algorithms. While there already exists a wide range of Residual Echo Suppressor (RES) techniques for individual use cases, our contribution specifically aims at a low-resource implementation that is also real-time capable. The proposed approach is based on a small Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) which adds memory to the residual echo suppressor, enabling it to compensate both types of non-linear distortions. We evaluate the performance of our system in terms of Echo Return Loss Enhancement (ERLE), Signal to Distortion Ratio (SDR) and Word Error Rate (WER), obtained during realistic double-talk situa-tions. Further, we compare the postfilter against a state-of-the art implementation. Finally, we analyze the numerical complexity of the overall system.


Key Points Question Has health equity improved or worsened during the past 25 years in the United States among working-aged adults? Findings Using data from more than 5.4 million respondents to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, this study found that from 1993 to 2017, the black-white gap showed significant improvement. However, measures of health equity and health justice declined over time, and income disparities worsened. Meaning Meaningful progress on health equity in the United States will require greater effort, new approaches, or both.


Plant plays a vital role in the environment. Nature has enormous members of plants, identifying them and classifying them is an important task for botanists. They are still finding difficulties in recognizing those plants and it is complex, time-consuming, and due to the use of specific botanical terms, frustrating for the non-experts. There are various ways to recognize a plant, like a flower, root, leaf, fruit, etc. But usually, plants are recognized by leaf and their characteristics like shape, texture, vein structure, color, etc. The availability of relevant technologies, such as digital cameras, new techniques in image processing and pattern recognition thoughts, leads to researching plant leaf recognition systems using image processing techniques rather than using the other parts of the plants. Searching of research papers related to the domain was done in the IEEE computer society digital library, Springer Link, Science Direct, ACM Digital Library, Academia, and other research sites using the search terms like plant leaf identification, plant leaf prediction, plant leaf classification, plant leaf recognition, and image processing techniques. Then started to work on the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with forty research papers; out of forty, most articles are related and some are not related. Then these articles are filtered and sorted to SLR. Nineteen papers which are published in the past ten years and mostly related to my topic and methodology, were selected to perform SLR. Then the methodologies of the studies were analyzed to identify different pre-processing and feature extraction methods that researches have employed to identify leaves. Then classification accuracy was compared with related papers and traced the optimal range of the accuracy for leaf recognition, which will be the benching accuracy level for the suggested study.


With the aid of acupuncture,the interdisciplinary collaboration of computer technology and electronic technology,we study connotation parameters,and electro- acupuncture device of triangular pulse wave. Comparing with the traditional acupuncture instrument,the device can stimulate waveforms and is generated by computer software,waveform parameter is precisely adjustable,seeking the best treatment data and the research has received national patents.


Monolayer cultures of epithelial or gingival fibroblasts have been used for the study of oral mucosa and the effect of external stimuli, such as different types of dental materials. However, monolayer models lack polarized cell phenotype and systemic components, which affect their function and response to stimuli [1,2]. Several tissue-engineered oral mucosa models have been developed to overcome these limitations with applications in different fields [24]. These 3D cultures provide a higher degree of complexity than monolayer cell cultures being closer to explant cultures, providing an in vitro model resembling the in vivo situation [2]. At least two tissue-engineered oral mucosa models are commercially available, Skin EthicTM Oral Epithelium and Gingival Epithelium constructs from EPISKIN (Lyon France), or the Epi OralTM and Epi GingivalTM constructs from Mat Tek Corporation (Ashland, MA, USA). Other commercial skin tissue models are validated to be used as an alternative to animal testing to proof cosmetics safety [5]. Thus, it could be envisaged that in the near future oral tissue models might be approved to test cosmetic dental raw materials or formulations such as tooth pastes or mouthwashes. However, the existing commercial models lack a fibroblast/collagen matrix component, which is critical in human oral mucosa [2].


Several natural phenomena, such as mirages, are owed to inhomogeneous media in which the index of refraction is not constant, and therefore light travels a curved path. One way to simulate Global Illumination in inhomogeneous media is using a curved ray tracing algorithm, but this approach presents some problems that need to be solved. This paper introduces both a curved ray tracing algorithm plus a new approach to overcome its shortcomings, based on photon mapping techniques. The result is an algorithm that we call curved photon mapping, capable of providing a full solution to the Global Illumination problem.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Frailty describes an increased vulnerability to adverse events such as disease or injury. Combatting this state remains a major challenge for geriatric research. By exploring how and why frailty changes throughout later life we will be better positioned to improve ways of identifying and treating those at high risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We systematically reviewed publications that captured rate of frailty progression over time and established any associated risk or protective factors that affected this progression. We included longitudinal observational studies which quantified frailty trajectories in adults aged 50+ using any validated continuous frailty measurement tool.

RESULTS
After screening 8,318 publications, 25 met our criteria. Findings show that despite a great degree of heterogeneity in the literature, progression of frailty is unquestionably affected by numerous risk and protective factors, with particular influence exhibited by social demographics, brain pathology, and physical co-morbidities.

DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS
Findings that the gradient of frailty progression is affected by various influencing factors are valuable to clinicians and policymakers as will help identify those at highest frailty risk and inform prevention strategies. However, the heterogeneous methodological approaches of the publications included in this review highlights the need for consensus within the field to promote more coordinated research. Improved consistency of methods will enable further data synthesis and facilitate a greater understanding of the shape of frailty over time and the influencing factors contributing to change, the results of which could have crucial implications for frailty risk reduction.


Aim : Bacterial colonization is thought to be a prerequisite for an individual to become infected, but bacterial colonisation does not normally result in infection. Streptococcus pneumonie infection is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study is to understand the epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other respiratory pathogens, in vaccinated children for implementing appropriate vaccination strategies. Methods : 217 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in a cohort population forvaccination, aged 3 to 13 years in northern Sardinia. Pneumococcal and other respiratory pathogens nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence and serogroups distribution were determined using validated molecular and cultural assays. Results : Carriage rates was 22%, overall. The S. pneumoniae carriage prevalence was 60%(95% CI, 0,34-0,73),23%(95% CI, 0,13-0,27)and 16%(95% CI, 0,05-0,19)in nursery, in primary school and secondary school, respectively. Overall the most frequent S. pneumonia serotypes were 18(38%), 4(11%), 19F(4%), 3(17%), 5(15%) and 19A (4%). The only N. meningitidis serogroup in nursery and secondary school was B. Conclusion : The S. pneumoniae carriage and other common respiratory bacteria prevalence were higher in nursery than in primary and secondary school. This study suggests that S. pneumoniae is present in the nasopharynx of the majority of children 3-5 years even if vaccinated. Overall N. meningitidis serogroup B was the most prevalent serogroup detected. The vaccine (Men C) selective pressure could be cause of this epidemiological picture. The study of the pneumococcal and other common respiratory bacteria survey, through analysis of prevalence of different serotypes is important to understand impact assessment of vaccine introduced in regional prevention plans.


Aircraft parameters and physiological parameters most indicative of crew workload were investigated. Recommendations were used to form the basis for a continuing study in which variations of the interval between heart beats are used as a measure of nonphysical workload. Preliminary results are presented and current efforts in further defining this physiological measure are outlined.


Professional conferences, whether national or international, serve a variety of purposes: social, recreational, fulfilling an obligation to sponsoring organizations, seeking employers or employees, awarding prizes, medals or honors and, in general terms, seeing and being seen. One of the most important purposes is presenting and critiquing the professional work that serves as the reason for the conference. On the first page of the book in review the AAAM expresses this last purpose in the following terms: " . . . a forum for the presentation and discussion of research and issues on crash injury control".

To the best of my knowledge, our colleagues in sociology have not yet had the opportunity to evaluate the importance of this last (professional) purpose as against the other social and recreational opportunities mentioned above.

Now there is a golden …


The enantiomeric excess (ee) can be determined by many methods; one among them is nuclear magnetic resonance in solid‐state (SS NMR). In this study we used the SS NMR ODESSA experiment for determination of the ee of valine. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Because of structural alterations in the corpus cavernosum after radical prostatectomy (RP), post‐RP erectile dysfunction remains a very difficult condition to treat. We aimed to determine if the combined administration of a Jun‐amino terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the immediate post‐injury period would restore erectile function by antiapoptotic and pro‐regenerative effects through the rectification of molecular pathways related to the structural integrity of the penis in a rat model of bilateral cavernosal nerve crush injury (CNCI).


INTRODUCTION: Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy has advantages over transperitoneal technique. However many surgeons prefer the transperitoneal technique because they get a familiar and wider working space. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the first 10 patients submitted to posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy was conducted. Data collected included: diagnosis, size, operation time, blood loss, conversion rate, morbidity and mortality, in-hospital length of stay. Compare our outcomes with worldwide bigger series, and take conclusions on the feasibility of the technique was the objective. RESULTS: We included 2 pheochromocytomas, 1 giant cystic pheochromocytoma, 4 Conn's, 2 Cushing's, 1 non-functioning tumor with 4 cm. Mean operation time was 46,7 min for lesions ranging from 1,8 to 14 cm. Blood loss was negligible. One patient (10%) was converted to laparotomy because of a past clinical history of dorsal and lumbar trauma. No morbidity and no mortality. Mean hospital length of stay was 2,2 days. DISCUSSION: Mean operation time found in bigger series published in worldwide literature is 40–105,6 min. Complication rate reported ranges from 0 to 14,4%. No mortality has been ever reported. Blood loss reported in other series is 10–50 ml. The data found in our study matches other studies data. Since the same surgeon who had never performed the technique before operated all patients, makes us believe the technique is safe and feasible. CONCLUSION: Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy has a small learning curve. It is technically safe and feasible. More patients will be collected to validate these results. © 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd. This is an open access article


The goal of this activity is to help students better understand the nonintuitive concept of diffusion and introduce them to a variety of diffusion-related processes in the ocean. As part of this activity, students also practice data collection and statistical analysis (e.g., average, variance, and probability distribution functions). This activity is also used as an introduction for a subsequent lesson on stirring and mixing. AUDIENCE The activity is designed for undergraduate marine sciences students, but it is also appropriate for biology, chemistry, and lower-level engineering students. The content can be easily modified to suit graduate or high school students. A version of this activity was evaluated in an upper-level undergraduate course at the University of Maine (" Teaching Sciences by Ocean Inquiry; " science majors interested in education and was designed to introduce students to inquiry-based teaching strategies with examples from marine sciences. The diffusion activity was presented as an example of using simulations in science education.


Low-temperature magnetic properties with a positive θ of 4.4 K can be achieved in a powder of galvinoxyl radicals in pure form indicating short-range ferromagnetic intermolecular interactions between neighbouring spins.


Bayesian model for predicting the annual regional distribution of the number of road traffic fatalities in Ghana is derived, using road traffic accident statistics data from the National Road Safety Commission, Ghana Statistical Service and Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority. The data span 1991 to 2009. Since the parameters are assumed to vary across the various regions, they are considered to be random variables with probability distributions. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling techniques were used to draw samples from each of the posterior distribution, thereby determining the values of the unknown parameters for each region based on a given data. The study has shown that population and number of registered vehicles are predominant factors affecting road traffic fatalities in Ghana. The effect of other additional factors on road traffic fatality such as human error (due to the driver, passenger and/or pedestrian), vehicle (its condition and maintenance), environmental/weather and nature of the road cannot be ruled out.


A simple and micro-scale liquid chromatographic (LC) method coupled with mass spectrometry was developed for analyzing major proteins in human urine. After one-step sample preparation, proteins were precipitated, redissolved, and digested. Only micro-liter level (10 μL) of urine was sufficient for major protein identification. This method was applied in clinical study, and urine proteins were monitored after medication with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor within 24 hr. This method can identify many important proteins in human urine. Bioactive peptides associated with blood pressure control can also be identified simultaneously. We hope this simple method may prove useful in clinical research and disease diagnosis.


As the Taylor out of the system in the 1980s,business management steps into the time of "people-oriented" and "ability-oriented".The personnel standards of contemporary business also have an enormous changes in the new ideas.How to match the change is become a key to get a job for college students,and become a source of improving the employment measures.


The artistic merits of Pat Hoffie's artworks exhibited in a series of exhibitions titled 'Fully Exploited Labour', which uses the name of a single work of hers are discussed. A publication of the same title provides details about her work from 1993 to 2008, highlighting her collaboration with Asian craftsmen in creating works such as 'No such thing as a level playing field' (1994) and 'Hero Walk II: I Croak/You Croak (I stuff/you are stuffed' (1994).


Monika Motsch and Karl-Heinz Pohl, the last three of which form part 4 of the volume, are characterized by a direct approach to recent Chinese language sources lacking analytical focus and discursive quality. All the topics, ranging from Luo Longji's memoirs of the year 1946 (Lippert) to Qu Yuan in the Chinese literature of the 1980s (Pohl) are very interesting, but the articles seldom exceed the realm of paraphrasing the message of the Chinese texts, which means that they lack an adequate analytical framework, trying to reinvent categories where a discussion of other scholars' research could have been of much more help and interest. Nevertheless, the volume is the outcome of a bold attempt to break through the silence and the lack of communication among German scholars researching on modern China and to present the reader with a thoughtful approach to society in the PRC shaped by hopes and despair two years after 4 June 1989.


We propose a hierarchical, three-level analysis of the present, in terms of simultaneity of events, experienced presence, and an extended mental presence containing the narrative self. The literature on the philosophy, psychology and neuroscience of time consciousness does not precisely distinguish these varieties of presence: first, a functional moment of perception in the range of milliseconds defines what is simultaneous and successive. Below a certain threshold events are processed as co-temporal. Secondly, the experienced moment of two to three seconds is related to a temporal-processing mechanism enabling conscious experience of the present moment. Thirdly, the continuity of experience is formed by working memory in the range of multiple seconds leading to the sense of mental presence over time, generating a temporal platform for the narrative self. These varieties of presence help solve puzzles pertaining to duration and simultaneity.


There are several publications on heterogeneous catalytic ozonation; however, their conclusions and the comparisons between them are not always consistent due to the variety of applied experimental conditions and the different solid materials used as catalysts. This review attempts to limit the major influencing factors in order to reach more vigorous conclusions. Particularly, it highlights two specific factors/parameters as the most important for the evaluation and comparison of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation processes, i.e., (1) the pH value of the solution and (2) the initial concentration of the (micro-)pollutants. Based on these, the role of Point of Zero Charge (PZC), which concerns the respective solid materials/catalysts in the decomposition of ozone towards the production of oxidative radicals, is highlighted. The discussed observations indicate that for the pH range 6–8 and when the initial organic pollutants' concentrations are around 1 mg/L (or even lower, i.e., micropollutant), then heterogeneous catalytic ozonation follows a radical mechanism, whereas the applied solid materials show their highest catalytic activity under their neutral charge. Furthermore, carbons are considered as a rather controversial group of catalysts for this process due to their possible instability under intense ozone oxidizing conditions.


Great opportunities arise for teaching physics, astronomy, and their histories when new discoveries are made that involve concepts accessible to students at every level. Such an opportunity currently exists thanks to the fact that notes written by Galileo indicating that he observed the double star Mizar in the "Big Dipper" have recently come to light. His measurements of this star, given the scientific knowledge at the time, strongly supported the theory that the Earth was fixed in space and not moving. Had Galileo published these results, it is likely that widespread acceptance of the heliocentric theory in scientific circles would have been significantly delayed. In light of these notes, his later reference in his Dialogue to using double stars as a means of proving that the Earth was in motion is puzzling. The physics and mathematics behind Galileo's work is easily within reach of students in introductory physics and astronomy courses, so discussion of Galileo's Mizar work and its interesting implications can be used in virtually any class.


Abstract : It is ironic that the general who led the 4 million men under arms responsible for defeating the forces of Nazi Germany on the Western front during World War II is not generally remembered for the quality of his generalship. Despite the significance of his victories, he is rarely mentioned as being in the company of history's great captains. Those same military historians who denigrate Eisenhower's generalship, and give him low remarks as a "strategist" and "tactician" also usually praise his skills as a planner, staff officer, logistician, and politician/diplomat. He is often described as a man who could integrate large and diverse military forces as well as able to meld very divergent personalities into a coherent fighting team. These traits have a familiar ring to therm; they describe what in today's military are essential characteristics for senior level military operators. It would appear, on reflection, that these military historians have missed the forest for the trees in their assessment of Eisenhower. Eisenhower was, perhaps, the first American master of operational art for "machine age armies." This paper presents a critique of Eisenhower's operational art. The author reviews certain aspects of the Normandy and Ardennes campaigns as well as the decisions surrounding the broad front strategy and the objectives of the final drive into Germany. This effort is undertaken in the hope that a brief study of Eisenhower's campaigns in Europe will reveal something about the military tradition from which the United States' present armed forces and operational thinking springs. Perhaps they also can teach the military a few valuable lessons about those aspects of campaigning that are constant in time and required for successful warfighting. But before turning to those campaigns, the author reviews the intellectual forces that shaped Eisenhower's military thinking.


This paper presents an improved ip-iq method on harmonic and reactive currents detection.The improved ip-iq method can overcome the measurement error that is made by anti-mix analog filter with non-linearity in the pass-band.The moving-average filter can filter the AC of the signal.Simulation results are also given.


A new design approach for an allpass transformed analysis-synthesis filter-bank (AS FB) with subsampling is proposed, which can be used for adaptive subband processing with non-uniform time-frequency resolution. Signal reconstruction is performed by an FIR synthesis filter-bank whose coefficients are determined by two different linear least-squares (LS) error designs. The presented unconstrained LS optimization leads to perfect reconstruction (PR), but an insufficient bandpass characteristic for the synthesis subband filters. This problem is solved by a second, equality constrained least-squares (CLS) error design, which achieves near-perfect reconstruction (NPR). In the process, the linear distortions are minimized with the constraint for a linear, time-invariant (LTI) overall transfer function. The aliasing-free reconstruction error is significantly lower than for known designs of allpass transformed DFT filter-banks with NPR. Moreover, the new filter-bank design allows for a low and adjustable signal delay.


Based on the marketable opportunity, virtual enterprise(VE) is organized by some individual and competitive companies via contracts. Both the core company and the cooperation company are very important to the success of VE. However, there are serious principal-agency problems in the development of VE due to the particular information structure. Double-side problem is the main moral problem. The control power structure is a way to deal with this problem. This article structured a model between the control power structure and the double-side problem in order to design an optimal control power structure on the basis of equilibrium between the effort's benefit and the cost.


licensing factor is a positive trans-acting factor involved Yumiko Kubota1, Satoru Mimura, in this process (Blow and Laskey, 1988); it is required Shin-ichi Nishimoto, Taro Masuda, for the initiation of replication, and inactivated upon the Hiroshi Nojima2 and Haruhiko Takisawa3 replication of nuclear DNA. In addition, it is unable to Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, cross the nuclear envelope. These features prevent the reToyonaka, Osaka 560, 1Wellcome/CRC Institute of Cancer and replication of nuclear DNA during S and G2 phases, and Developmental Biology, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK and 2Department re-replication is only licensed by passage through Mof Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, phase when the nuclear envelope is broken down to allow Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 560, Japan the access of active licensing factor to replicated DNA. 3Corresponding author The MCM/P1 family of proteins, containing six known Y.Kubota and S.Mimura contributed equally to this work members (reviewed in Chong et al., 1996; Kearsey et al., 1996), was initially identified in a screen for genes In eukaryotes, chromosomal DNA is licensed for a involved in the initiation of replication of budding yeast single round of replication in each cell cycle. Xenopus Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and later proposed to be a MCM3 protein has been implicated in the licensing of candidate for a putative licensing factor (Tye, 1994). Five replication in egg extract. We have cloned cDNAs members of the MCM/P1 family of proteins have been encoding five immunologically distinct proteins associidentified in budding yeast, and all these gene products ated with Xenopus MCM3 as members of the MCM/P1 are essential for the initiation of replication. At G1 phase family. Six Xenopus MCM proteins formed a physical of the cell cycle, all MCM proteins so far as tested with complex in the egg extract, bound to unreplicated specific antibodies are present in the nucleus, and rapidly chromatin before the formation of nuclei, and appardisappear from the nucleus upon the initiation of S-phase ently displaced from replicated chromatin. The require(Hennessy et al., 1990; Yan et al., 1993; Dalton and ment of six XMCM proteins for the replication activity Whitbread, 1995). These features, their requirement for of the egg extract before nuclear formation suggests the replication, but their absence in replicated nuclei, is that their re-association with replicated chromatin at reminiscent of a putative licensing factor. However, the the end of the mitotic cell cycle is a key step for the retention of apparent integrity of nuclear envelope throughlicensing of replication. out the mitotic cell cycle of budding yeast conflicts with


This specifically focused volume is the fifth in the Aging Studies series, edited by Anne M. Wyatt. Susan Garrett, in her role as observer and volunteer, has provided the reader with a detailed account of the Rural Elder Outreach Project (REOP), a collaborative demonstration project funded by the W. K. Kellogg Foundation. The Schools of Nursing and Medicine at the University of Virginia partnered with two local agencies to model effective ways of providing health care to frail elders living in five rural Virginia counties. The volume is unique among those who have previously examined aging in rural areas because Garrett weaves together research, her own observations while serving as a volunteer for the project, conversations among project staff, diary entries regarding specific case studies, and details regarding the day-to-day operation of this collaboration. The volume contains eight chapters that chronicle the REOP project. A brief


In this study, the flow characteristics at downstream of the Han River located in Korea were investigated by using a two-dimensional numerical model...


Co/Fe oxyhydroxide catalysts have been deposited onto the surface of amorphous carbon or different perovskite oxides. By performing electrochemical characterizations and operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements, novel insights into Co-Fe oxyhydroxide catalysts and their interactions with perovskite oxides have been revealed. The addition of Fe into Co oxyhydroxide catalysts greatly enhances the OER activity by stabilizing the Co cations into a lower oxidation state under operative conditions compared to the case of undoped Co oxyhydroxide. A beneficial Co-Fe electronic interaction for OER can be also achieved by depositing Co oxyhydroxide on Fe containing oxide supports, such as the LaFeO3 perovskite. Finally, it was found that despite the lower Fe content in the Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3- (BSCF) perovskite structure, Co oxyhydroxides supported on this perovskite exhibit the highest OER activity. Therefore, our findings suggest that perovskite structures presenting a large content of oxygen vacancies and undergoing surface reconstruction, such as BSCF, offer the best interface for Co oxyhydroxides. Finally, profiting from the beneficial Co-Fe electronic interaction and the perovskite interface interaction, the highest OER activity has been achieved by depositing Co-Fe oxyhydroxide on the surface of BSCF perovskite.


Abstract In this paper, design of a dual operated microstrip patch antenna is presents. The dual-operation frequencies are chosen for UMTS/GPS and WLAN bands. A microstrip square patch antenna is designed which is excited by a microstrip line feed from the bottom of the antenna. An epoxy glass FR4 material is used as a substrate in the designing of antenna. The antenna is first modified in inverted U-shaped design to operate at higher frequency of 2.4 GHz. An isosceles triangular patch is then together designed to drive at the lower frequency of 1.46 GHz. The feeding is common, i.e., microstrip line feed. Simulations are successively performed on both designed antennas. The triangular patch is together with the inverted U-shaped structured. The grouped U-shaped antenna is optimized by performing consecutive steps of simulations in order to drive at the two frequencies of operations.


We investigated the pattern of infection of Gammarus aequicauda (Amphipoda) with metacercariae of Levinseniella tridigitata (Trematoda: Microphallidae) in a natural lagoon. Prevalence was significantly higher in females than in males, whereas there was no difference between sexes in parasitic intensity. Despite the very large size of L. tridigitata metacercariae, the mean abundance increased with host size and in both sexes, suggesting that the accumulation of this parasite has no significant effect on host survival. Levinseniella tridigitata is known not to alter its host's behavior. Our results contrast with those obtained with other helminths that alter host behavior in order to favor their transmission to the definitive host.


Abstract:This article examines a series of interactions between the All-China Women's Federation (Fulian) and other women's organizations in the Asian region, focusing particularly on the All-India Women's Conference (AIWC). Despite their differences, women in these organizations shared what they described as "Asian" goals: overcoming the legacies of the feudal past at home and defeating imperialism abroad. The Fulian used interactions with the AIWC to imagine a community of "Asian women" as a "united front" for peaceful reconstruction and against imperialism and war. This curated image of the "Asian woman" helped the Fulian to educate its membership about the importance of their work to build up China's strength. Without Chinese women guiding them, women in India and the rest of the region would be bereft of a road map to liberation. The Fulian thus promoted Chinese women as both the comrades and the leaders of all of the women of "Asia."


Based on the terahertz time-domain spectrum (THz-TDS) system, the measurement results of multilayer submillimeter interlayer structures are analyzed. An algorithm is developed to extract the peak information of the corresponding reflection signal and restore the intensive submillimeter interlayer structure.


The Department of Energy (DOE) designated the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) as a National Scientific User Facility (NSUF) in April 2007 to support U.S. leadership in nuclear science and technology. As a user facility, the ATR is supporting new users from universities, laboratories, and industry, as they conduct basic and applied nuclear research and development to advance the nation's energy security needs. A key component of the ATR NSUF effort is to develop and evaluate new in-pile instrumentation techniques that are capable of providing measurements of key parameters during irradiation. This paper describes the strategy for determining what instrumentation is needed and the program for developing new or enhanced sensors that can address these needs. Accomplishments from this program are illustrated by describing new sensors now available and under development for in-pile detection of temperature at various irradiation locations in the ATR.


These :ix papers report on future-oriented studies of the situation of the elderly. "Changing Elderly in a Changing Society: Danish Elderly in the Next Century" (Henning Friis) reports on research dealing with preferences of the future elderly for their life when they grow older. "Aging Effectively: Meeting the Challenge of an Aging World" (J. David Curb, Andrea La Croix, and lack Guralnik) ttscusses special factors that promote "succes. in aging. "'Future' Studies in Gerontology: The Case of Work and Retirement" (Harold L. Sheppard) addresses socioeconomic implications of multiple generations in the 65-plus population, domination cf intergenerational conflict or "equity" or "equality" issues in the changing world, and external factors and trends that bear on these two issues. "Income Security for the Future Elderly: Can We Avert the Crisis by Raising the Age of Retirement?" (Ruth Bonita) presents some issues being addressed in New Zealand with regard to the provision of care for the future elderly population. "Changing Elderly in a Changing Society: Health" (Mariaane Schroll) considers: (1) whether a society of disabled people is being developed, as old people are not allowed to die; and (2) the prevention of chronic diseases by developing good health practices in early adulthood. "Use of Health Care and Social Services by the Elderly: Determinants of Present Use and Future Developments" (Anneke Klaassen-van den Berg Jeths) reports on a study that sought an explanation for the variations in use of service facilities. Each paper concludes with a list of references.


GPS/GLONASS/DR combined position is the technology which is used for data fusion of satellites position, sensors and milemeter. The optimum estimated output is given by the technology. And the targets global combined position is realized by this technology too. There are two technical methods: switched-combination and Kalman filtration. Switched-combination is of GPS/GLONASS mode and DR mode. If satellites position singals are less than limited value or invalid, DR mode is switched. Kalman filtration method is the method that the data of satellites position, DR sensors and milemeter is processed by the filters. Then the estimated output values of vehicle position, the direction and position error are inputed to map matching module. The coordinates of matching location are calculated. After global optimum estimation, the final combined position output are given.


The sobering failure of North African countries to deal peacefully with their differences is only too obvious on either side of the Algerian-Moroccan border. Closed frontier checkpoints, unused rail tracks leading nowhere, and unfinished motorways celebrate the failed dream of the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) launched in Marrakech 19 years ago. What might convince people to stand up for an ambitious project to integrate the region? Have the many years in which AMU countries pursued their own path undermined the rationale for true integration? At the borders—more so on the Algerian-Moroccan border, less so on the Algerian-Tunisian one— many age-old trade and family links have now faded away to be replaced by smuggling. Meanwhile, ever stronger north-south ties have blossomed, as Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia have vied to strengthen their ties with important European partners and countries beyond. New roads, harbors, and railroads following a north-south logic have profoundly changed the economic landscape of North Africa, opening the question of whether such developments have rendered the AMU concept obsolete. We concentrate


BACKGROUND
Short-term emergency department (ED) observation care may prevent prolonged and unnecessary hospital admission in patients with sickle pain. This study highlights the outcomes of short-term ED care of acute pain in children with sickle cell disease (SCD).

METHODS
Children aged 6 mo to 19 y with SCD and painful crises who were managed by short-term ED care from July 2017 to June 2019 were studied retrospectively. Biodata, pain score, type of care, length of hospital stay, inpatient transfer rate (the proportion that required transfer for full admission) and return rate (the proportion that returned to the hospital for retreatment of unresolved pain) were documented.

RESULTS
From July 2017 to June 2019, 122 children with SCD were admitted to the ED for painful crises, of whom 118 (96.7%) with 167 hospital visits were managed by short-term ED observation care. The median length of stay was 10.5 h. In 50.3% of encounters, patients were successfully managed without requiring further care. However, in 17.4% of encounters, they had their ED observation care terminated and converted to full admission. The overall return rate for acute care within 1 wk for either persistence of symptoms or any other complaint was 31.7%.

CONCLUSIONS
Dedicated short-term ED observation care has the potential to provide effective and timely management of acute pain in children with SCD.


Summary: The aim of the study is to show that the use of support counseling in breastfeeding can increase its duration. Materials and methods: Comparative prospective study from November 2012 to April 2013 on 400 women who delivered at the maternity Souissi Rabat. The pool is divided into two groups one of which received support counseling for exclusive breastfeeding. The women were followed for a period of 6 months. The primary outcome studied was breastfeeding rates. Results: The average duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 4 months and half versus 3 months in the control group. At a postnatal week, the rate was 76% against 11.5% in the second group with a significant difference, p=0.00, the additional milk was given in 16% against 31% in the control group. A six month breastfeeding rate was 79% versus 58% in the control group (P=0.00), with an exclusive breastfeeding rate of 58% in the study group and 19% in the control group (p=0.000). 36% of women gave formula milk versus 63% in the control group. Conclusion: Counseling support can have an impact on the duration of breastfeeding by increasing the duration and especially the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Indeed this support has improved some practices of mothers in breastfeeding as early addition of other liquids.


Machine learning models are often personalized with information that is protected, sensitive, self-reported, or costly to acquire. These models use information about people but do not facilitate nor inform their consent. Individuals cannot opt out of reporting personal information to a model, nor tell if they benefit from personalization in the first place. We introduce a family of classification models, called participatory systems, that let individuals opt into personalization at prediction time. We present a model-agnostic algorithm to learn participatory systems for personalization with categorical group attributes. We conduct a comprehensive empirical study of participatory systems in clinical prediction tasks, benchmarking them with common approaches for personalization and imputation. Our results demonstrate that participatory systems can facilitate and inform consent while improving performance and data use across all groups who report personal data.


Yucca angustifolia Pursh, tsa'.si-tsor, " slender Yucca." Caloc/wrtus nuttalli Torrey, aI-tsee'-nee-tha'-i, " children's food or corn," Children eat the bulb. Order GRAMINEIE. Sporobolus cuspidatus, bay'-ee-jo, " an instrument to comb or brush the hair." The Indians of the Southwest make brushes from this grass. Spo;obolus crytandrus Gray, iloh-tsoz'-ee, " slender hay." Orysopsis cuspidata Bentham, in-dit-I/it/'-ee, " burnt off or burnt free." The name refers to the persistent chaff which can only be removed by roasting when the edible seeds are cleaned. Boutelona iirsuta Lagasca, tlo1z-nas-tas'-ce, "bending hay." the racemes are curved almost to a semicircle. Poa andina Nuttall, tsin-yatldok', " hay under the trees." In the Navajo country the habitat of this grass is usually subarboreal. P/zragmites coimiunis Linneus, tiok-kalt', "arrow-hay." The culms were formerly used for arrow-shafts. Hordeurn jubaturn Linnaxus, kza-say'-ii-go-ee, " runs down the throat." A spikelet once in the mouth is with difficulty ejected, it tends to go further down. It is usually necessary to pull it out with the fingers. In addition to the above there are many names for which no satisfactory etymology can be found.


Statement of Problem: The elimination of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) is a key factor for achieving a successful treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) whom harboring this organism. This micro organism's capability to invade to host's tissues, makes its eradication with mechanical therapy (eg. flap surgery, scaling, oral hygiene) very difficult, so there is no other way than using a systemic antibiotic. But which antibiotic is the best one? The Ciprofloxacin is the only antibiotic which can suppress all strains of A.a. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Cip rofloxacin in elimination of A.a in active sites of AgP patients with combination of Metronidazole and Amoxicillin. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized double blind controlled clinical trial. Twenty four patients with clinical diagnosis of A gP and detection of A.a in their pockets were randomly divided into two groups. The 12 patients in test group received Ciprofloxacin (10 days BID 1gr) plus the placebo capsules representing Metronidazole and Amoxicillin. The other 12 patients named control group, received Metronidazole (7 days TID 750mg) plus Amoxicillin (7 days TID 1.5gr) and the placebo tablet representing Ciprofloxacin. Neither the patients nor the doctors knows the grouping sequences. Bacteria Culturing and measurement of Gingival Index (GI) and plaque Index (PI) were done at the baseline and repeated about 10 days after prescribing the medicines. T- test and chi-square test were used for Statistical analysis. Results: There was no difference between two groups in the A.a Positives sites, GI scores and PI scores at the baseline. Ciprofloxacin eliminates A.a from 91.7% of sites and Metronidazole plus Amoxicillin eliminate A.a from 81.3% of sites. There was no significant difference between the test and control groups. The mean PI score for test and control groups were 1.39±0.66 and 1.39±0.88 respectively at the baseline and these values were 1.27±0.6 and 1.43±0.81 after receiving the designed medicine. There were no differences inter and intra groups at any time (P>0.05). Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin is as effective as Metronidazole plus Amoxicillin in elimination of A.a from active sites in AgP patients. Their longitudinal effects on clinical parameters such as probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and microbial flora need to be investigated.


Cholesterol is used as an emulsifier in cosmetic skin and hair care products and eye and face makeup formulations at concentrations up to soh. The normal metabolism and excretion of Cholesterol is well documented in man and experimental animals. Cholesterol i s not a significant dermal or ocular irritant. Cholesterol does not appear to have any genotoxic activity in bacterial or mammalian cell in vitro mutagenic and transformation assays. High doses of Cholesterol were teratogenic in rats. Cholesterol has not been established as a promoter, cocarcinogen, or total carcinogen. Clinical studies to evaluate the safety of topically applied Cholesterol were restricted to products formulated with the ingredient. Most products were moisturizers containing 1.49b Cholesterol. The highest concentration of Cholesterol tested (6%) was evaluated in a modified prophetic test (110 subjects) and an RlPT (45 subjects); both assays had UVA and UVB exposure incorporated into the protocols. The Cholesterol-containing products were minimal to mild primary and cumulative skin irritants but not sensitizers or photosensitizers.


By using the related theories of non-verbal communication dissemination and analyzing the relationships between non-verbal communication and classroom teaching,verbal communication,teaching methods,and interactive communication,this thesis raises its own definitions of non-verbal communication in classroom teaching,and holds that in classroom teaching,non-verbal communication can perform many moral educating functions such as emotional function,suggestive function and standardizing function.


With various new sensors embedded into portable devices such as smartphones and smartwatches, it has become vastly easier and cheaper to develop and deploy methods with the purpose of localization in GPSdenied environments. This has attracted the interest of many researchers in recent times. This thesis focuses on developing an algorithm using the sensory data of such devices and combining them to create precise positional predictions instead of using them separately. To accomplish this it uses multiple connected adaptive boosting models, which are sharing their results with each other and adjusting their parameters accordingly after each iteration. The final model outperforms various different models, such as Generalized Regression Neural Networks (GRNN) and simple Convoulutional Neural Networks (CNN), using mutliple metrics for measurement, while it performs equally compared to the classic AdaBoost.R2 and the K-Nearest-Neighbor model using a specific dataset. Its predictions have an averaged mean absolute error of 0.387m on X and 0.398m on Y and an R-Score above 0.99. The proposed model is therefore capable of predicting positions very precisely in a previously observed indoor environment.


Abstract Procedural voice is a widely used and effective means to reduce or eliminate conflict. Moral disagreements, however, are particularly inflammatory, divisive, and difficult to manage. The current article reports two studies that demonstrated the unique challenge that moral disagreements pose. Specifically, the studies tested the extent to which procedural voice affected justice judgements, group climate, and decision acceptance when people perceived decisions to have moral implications. Results indicated that when people's outcome preferences represent strong moral convictions, outcomes were the primary determinant of perceived fairness and related judgements, irrespective of whether people had voice in the decision-making process.


A novel method based on measuring 2 × pixel patterns provides halftone-algorithm independent color calib tion for digital halftoning. The binary CMY(K) colo signals can be mapped into CIE XYZ color space at printer resolution level. Therefore, any binary CMY( color images can be described as continuous-tone ages in standard color spaces. The new method has successfully applied to halftone screen calibration, v tor error diffusions, as well as stochastic screens.


Objective: To study the effectiveness of artificial rupture of membranes(ARM) in reducing the duration of labor in primigravida.Methods: A one year prospective randomized controlled trial was carried out on 200 primigravida (100 each to ARM and no ARM group) meeting the selection criteria. The outcomes were noted in both the groups. Data analysis was done using Chi Square and Z test.Results: The mean duration of labor from enrolment to full dilation of the cervix or bearing down sensation was 4.76 � 1.64 in ARM group compared to 5.66 � 1.85 in the control group which was statistically significant (p value = 0.000; 95% ). There was no difference in the duration of second and third stage of labor in both groups. There was no significant difference in the mode of delivery between ARM and control group.There was no significant difference in mean birth weight and Apgar score between the two groups.Conclusion: ARM definitely reduced the duration of labor without any detrimental effects on fetus, mother and mode of delivery. Hence, there is no reason to strive to maintain the integrity of the fetal membranes in spontaneous labor in women where ARM is not contraindicated.


The rotational relaxation of the He2(3p 3Πg) state is examined by optically pumping a flowing helium afterglow with a tuneable dye laser. The population of the J = 8 rotational state is enhanced by optically saturating the R7 component of the transition connecting this state with the metastable He2(2s3Σu+) molecular state. From the lifetime and yield of the Q7 component, the rate coefficient for the rotational relaxation via the forbidden ΔJ = 1 channel is determined to be of the order of 2× 10−11 cm3/sec. It is found that this represents about half of the total rate of rotational relaxation in this state.


A passion for action learning: Yet a passion for the idea, along with an active participation in the practice, is inseparable from the ambitions of the theoretical inquiry. Experiencing the surprise and power of action learning prompts an enthusiasm to share it, and also raises the practical and questions that prompt research and development. The commitment to practice and to theorise action learning stems from an acknowledgement that there is so much that we do not understand. (Extract from Action Learning: Research and Practice Strategy Document, July, 2010)


Cultural landscapes and their social–ecological values are threatened by changing lifestyles, policies and land-use practices, making their appropriate management a key sustainability challenge. Drawing on five years of interdisciplinary research in Transylvania, we conceptualise the notion of a 'landscape interface' – the intersection between the ecological and social subsystems, which through time, shapes and is shaped by the local value system. The landscape interface is a source of system continuity and stability. In Transylvania, many locals still act according to the value system associated with a disappearing landscape interface, a phenomenon we term a 'value change debt.' We argue that the erosion of the old value system, together with the weakening of the landscape interface, threatens sustainability – whereas reconnecting social–ecological feedback and thus strengthening the landscape interface could foster sustainability. The new conceptual perspective proposed here could foster greater understanding of cultural landscapes, including the social dimension of human–environment interactions.


In order to track degradation trend of bearing performance using shock feature hidden in vibration signal, a best Morlet wavelet transform-based extraction method of full information energy entropy was proposed through integrating Morlet wavelet transform technology and full information technology. The optimization of Morlet wave shape factor was controlled by the minimum Shannon entropy. The information entropy derived from wavelet transform coefficients of multiple sources vibration data was used to reflect the different frequency range-based energy distribution variance of shock feature. Viewed from the application for rolling bearing full lifetime vibration datasets, the results show that the feature trends can reflect the degradation process of bearing health and the bearing operational safety can be ensured by incipient fault detection.


Autologous fat grafting is one of the most used techniques in regenerative medicine surgery. Initially it was just a volumetric technique, with the aim of replacing and filling depressions after injuries, congenital malformations or breast augmentation but later it emerged as a scientifically based regenerative treatment [1]. The regenerative properties are attributed to the presence of adult derived mesenchymal stem cells.


The non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction is one of main factors causing diabetes complications,therefore inhibition of non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction become an effective way to control the complications of diabetes.In this study,the inhibitory rate by Tremella aurantialba culture broth was enhanced by the optimization of medium composition and culture conditions.The culture medium optimized by orthogonal experiments was(g/L):glucose 10,peptone 5,corn cob powder 20,wheat bran 15,CoCl2 0.5,MnSO40.5.The optimized culture conditions were 25 ℃,initial pH of 6.5,150 mL medium in 500 mL flask and 10% inoculums.After optimization,the inhibitory rate of non-enzymatic glycosylation reaction achieved 89.74%.The T.aurantialba culture broth was purified and the main components were analyzed.The result indicated that both polysaccharide and small molecular weight in culture broth were responsible for the inhibition.


Present scenario is highly competitive and meeting customer requirements in all aspects is becoming quite challenging since the product needs to withstand harsh environmental conditions, long life and low maintenance cost, etc. Hence the design of such systems is challenging since these requirements are opposing with each other and will contradict in costing aspect. Being a key assembly, "Long range IR zoom lens" plays vital role in overall life of Thermal Imager. This is because, in traditional design approach, zoom lens is having number of Optics that required to be traversed along the Central Axis for required optical performances. These Lenses are bonded to Mechanical Mounts (with adhesive) which are guided in Main Housing. The desired air spaces between the Lenses get maintained by the rotation of Mechanical Cam Barrel. The scope of this paper is to present the design enhancement of mechanical interfaces that will be going to contribute overall lifetime enhancement of IR Continuous Zoom Lens Module and also emphasizes the comparison between traditional and enhanced design approaches that are being calculated through Analytical and through Mechanical Structural Analysis (a tool that uses Finite Element Methodologies for the calculation of Mechanical changes between the interfacing Components). This paper will be having a detailed comparison between traditional and enhanced design approaches and thereby conclusion will be drawn that the enhanced design approach is highly recommended over the other.


We use a grinding machine spindle as an example to consider a hybrid (numerical and analytical) method of simulating a rotor with a rigid shaft. The paper describes a spatial dynamic model of the rotor constructed via this method that takes into account support stiffness asymmetry. We show that introducing support stiffness asymmetry allows the spatial simulation to explain a number of physical phenomena, including spectrum frequency splitting, which are fundamentally impossible to explain when using flat axially symmetric models.


Traditional agriculture has been generally considered everywhere as a joint effort of man and cattle. In recent past, a great deal of importance has been given to individual animal product and formulation. Among the liquid formulations, the most widely used is Panchagavya. This traditional organic input has been mentioned in Ayurveda, prepared by using five components derived from cow viz. milk, curd, ghee, urine, dung and all these five products are individually called 'Gavya' and collectively termed as 'Panchagavya' [1]. Besides these five components, enriched panchagavya also contains some additional components like coconut water, sugarcane juice or jaggery, banana and toddy. Coconut water is a cheaper substitute for kinetin which helps in increasing the chlorophyll content of rice. It plays a crucial role in each and every component of crop management like integrated nutrient management [2], integrated pest management disease management. Panchagavya also has a great impact on human and animal health. It holds an important place in Ayurvedic medicine due to its disease curing properties. Ancient Indian scriptures such as Bhel Review Article Borgohain et al.; ASRJ, 3(4): 32-38, 2020; Article no.ASRJ.57875 33 Sanhita, Kashyap Sanhita, Charak Sanhita, Sushrut Sanhita hail about the glory of the mixture of cow's five essencesthe panchagavya. It is believed that consumption of panchagavya results in removal of physical as well as mental disorders and acts as an enhancer of physical strength and life span.


Described herein is a process for conducting squeeze tests on products (P) that advance along a conveyor line (T). The process uses a device (12) that governs a feeler member (14) for squeezing the product to be tested while the latter advances along the conveyor line. The process described is characterised in that it can operate directly on products that travel on a conveyor line without any need to intervene on control of the line.