Here, we report the discovery of several late Carnian (Tuvalian) footprints preserved both as tracks and natural casts. The best preserved manus-pes couple is assigned to Brachychirotherium eyermani (Baird, 1957), previously known from some incomplete manus-pes impressions. A quadrupedal crocodile-like archosaur showing possible affinities with the Sphenosuchidae is here suggested as a putative trackmaker. INTRODUCTION AND GEOLOGY In 2006, several archosaur footprints were discovered by two of the authors (M.A. and R.T.) near Cles village, about 48 km north of Trento (Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy) (Fig. 1). The trampled layers belong to the Travenanzes Formation (= upper portion of the "Raibl Beds" Auct.) (Neri et al., 2005), a sedimentary sequence (thickness about 50-70 m; Avanzini et al., 2007a) consisting of white-gray aphanitic to silty dolostones, intercalated with reddish or greenish shales. This lithofacies was related to a marginal marine to lagoonal environment consisting of a tidal carbonate mud flat with occasional influxes of distal terrigenous sediments (Gennaro, 2007). This shallow lagoon has been interpreted as periodically subaerially exposed as evidenced by fenestral fabric, mud cracks and scattered chirotherian and dinosaur footprints, found in several localities of the central Southern Alps (D'Orazi et al., 2008). Upward, the Travenanzes Formation transitionally passes into the earlydolomitized tidal flat facies of the Dolomia Principale (Hauptdolomit) without major gaps; only the disappearance of shale beds is commonly used to define a boundary between these two formations (Fig. 2). In the study area samples of black and gray shales from the lowermost portion of the Travenanzes Formation have yielded a remarkable amount of organic matter, mainly composed of amorphous material, spores and pollen (Gennaro, 2007). According to Roghi (2004), the recorded pollen associations belong to the Granuloperculatipollis rudis assemblage, indicating a late Carnian (Tuvalian) age.


The events of Abu Ghraib exposed politicians, journalists, military and law enforcement personnel, NGOs, activists and everyday citizens to the potential brutality of state repression. Observing these events, many were left stunned that a liberal democracy would perpetrate such horrific acts against individuals in its care and this behavior was viewed as aberrant or idiosyncratic. Using data from 146 countries, covering the years 1980-1999, we investigate the extent to which different regimes use torture both in times of peace and in times where domestic tranquility is threatened. We find that rather than aberrant, state-sponsored torture like that in Abu Ghraib is perfectly consistent with previous experience. When confronted with political threats, democracies are as likely as autocracies to employ torture


Objective To study the main biological characteristics of chondrocytes after gene-transfected by HGFcDNA labled with GFP.Methods The chondrocytes of the rabbit condylar were derived from rabbits,and were cultured to the second generation in vitro,before HGFcDNA transfected the cells.The capacity of cell proliferation was tested by MTT.The differences of type II collagen were tested by SABC immunohistochem of the type II collagen after infected;the mRNA levels were tested by in situ hybridization of the type II collagen between the transfection group and comparison group.The chondrocytes transfected were counted ten times under fluorescen inversion microscope.Results The condylar chondrocytes transfected by HGF could keep the main biological characteristics of chondrocytes when they were the sixth generation,but the comparison group couldn't;HGF could accelerate the speed of cell proliferation and improve cell proliferation.The expression of collagen II was stronger than that in the comparison group in the seventh generation.The percent of the chondrocytes transfected was(31.23%.) Conclusion The chondrocytes transfected by HGF cDNA labeled with GFP through liposome as vector were successful.The HGF could express its biological characteristics,accelerate the cells' proliferation,and indirectly count how many chondrocytes were transfected.


The invention relates to a technology for producing methanol through coke oven gas, belonging to the technical field of coking and methanol preparation. The technology comprises the steps of purifying crude coke oven gas generated by a coke oven, to obtain clean coke oven gas, mixing the clean coke oven gas with CO2 separated by a separator, and sending in a CO2 coke oven gas reformer; boosting the reformed synthesis gas through a compressor, mixing the boosted reformed synthesis gas with circulating reaction gas to enter a methanol synthesizer for reaction; performing gas-liquid separation to the generated methanol and unreacted gas, outputting crude methanol from the bottom, boosting the unreacted gas from the top through a circulating compressor, sending in a gas buffer tank, wherein a part of gas is sent to an oil separator for circulating use; mixing the other part of gas, as fuel gas, with a part of coke oven gas to enter a coke oven vertical fire channel, performing combustion and heat transfer together with oxygen from an air separator, wherein the generated waste gas is subjected to gas-liquid separation to remove CO2 for circulation use. According to the technology, the gradient utilization of chemical energy can be realized, CO2 can be efficiently recycled, and internal carbon compensation of the technology can be realized, no purge gas and flue gas are generated, zero emission can be realized, and the high-efficiency clean utilization of coking industry resources can be promoted.


This paper describes a machine learning approach for controlling the flow of products from their respective storage locations to the packing area in a retail distribution center (DC). The goal of the algorithm is to maximise earned revenue from expedited-delivery online orders, by extending the 'booking deadline' for placing such orders on the retailer's website. Extension of the deadline by making the component processes more efficient has been studied extensively, with marginally reducing returns. Instead, we anticipate the type and quantity of products that will be ordered on a given day, and pre-emptively launch the delivery process before actual orders are received. The algorithm combines predictive analytics (for forecasting orders) and imitation learning (for computing optimal picking decisions under capacity constraints). We show that forecasting using long short-term memory cells and decision-making using imitation learning is more successful in maximising earned revenues on a public data set, than several alternative approaches using heuristics and traditional time-series methods.


With demands for tunnels under residential areas growing, concerns regarding TB noise and vibration on resident are also emerging. This article describes how this issue has been addressed in the construction of the two running tunnels for the new Epping to Chatswood Rail Line Project in Sydney Australia. With the twin railway tunnels running directly underneath the suburbs of the northern part of Sydney, more than 1,000 residences are located above the 1.2.5km long tunnel alignment. A noise and vibration contour was used to help determine which residences would be impacted the most.


Acquisition, management and processing survey data in a digital form opens up exciting new opportunities to represent the territory, its architecture, and its objects efficiently by building 3D models. In the case of archaeological sites, data and information of structures on the territory and related objects, represented in territorial scale, must be managed, processed and represented in an integrated way since they all together constitute a complex unit that can be difficult to break down. The ability to manage data in a comprehensive way emerges from the possibility to create multi-resolution models, namely, models that can be used on several nominal scales of representation. The various scales generally arise from survey at several different nominal scales of objects that traditionally need a different detailed definition, such as an entire archaeological site or a monument on the site or fragments of architecture. If these territorial objects (the site, architectures, and specific objects) cohabit within complex models which have to be managed and consequently uniformly represented on diverse scales, we have to identify strategies for survey as well as integration, with a view to achieving multi-resolution. For this purpose, it has become essential to study the relationship between the accuracy of the model, arising from the uncertainty of the measures, and simplification of the model, arising from the need to select and transmit only the geometric information deemed essential to describe the object at a given scale. Therefore, it is necessary to identify uniform criteria for the change in scale while concurrently, it is necessary to place restrictions on this scale change (or at least warnings that indicate what the range of scale is for which the model is constructed). This paper illustrates how to identify guidelines for survey, whose objective is to realize multi-resolution models of archaeological sites, in which it is possible to switch from representation of the entire site to representation of individual monuments to representation of details and other objects.


Based on a study on the broadband seismic data obtained by Hi-CLIMB project in Nepal and areas south to Saga, Tibet, the deep information over some key sections under the Himalayan—Tibetan Collision Zone is discussed in this paper, using teleseismic tomography. It is further approved that along with the northward subduction of Indian Plate, the strongest tectonic deformation occurs at its front edge, and the hosting state is also illustrated on the slightly north dipping Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and the Main Central Thrust (MCT) presenting 3 times along the section. On top of that, a north flat-dipping interface is shown from southern border of Nepal through the Yarlung Zangpu Fault, with a depth of ~10km at the south end and ~25km at north. It is concluded that the crustal thickening over High-Himalayan and Tethys—Himalayan is caused by the subduction, extrusion and shortening, giving birth to a hot crust and partial melting in the crust.


The impact of incorporating residues into soil and applying chemicals to stubble was evaluated on canola residue decomposition and inoculum production by Leptosphaeria maculans during August and November 1994 and April and September 1995. Residue decomposition, measured as the loss in residue dry weights, was more rapid in the incorporated residues than in the surface-placed residues up to the first sampling date but was similar in both treatments from the second to the last sampling dates. Averaged over all treatments, soil incorporation of residues resulted in a 40% weight reduction during the study compared with 27% for surface-placed residues. Following incubation of residues on vermiculite at 16°C for 4 weeks, higher pycnidiospore levels of L. maculans were observed in the incorporated versus the surface-placed residues. Without the 4-week incubation, pycnidiospore production on the sampled residue was lower for incorporated residues for the first three sampling dates but not for the final sampling date. Treating blackleg-infected canola stem bases with liquid N (28-0-0) + glucose, urea (46-0-0), RoundUp® (glyphosate), Stubble Digest-All® powder, or a distilled water control had no effect on canola decomposition and sporulation by L. maculans.


P2-type layered structure NaxCoO2 (x~0.65) was successfully synthesized by solid state reaction. The electrochemical performance of Na0.65CoO2 as a positive electrode material for sodium-ion batteries was tested at room temperature using two-electrode coin cells with NaClO4/PC electrolyte. Na0.65CoO2 delivered a reversible capacity of 70 mAh/g during the first charge to 4.3 V, which is related to the de-intercalation of about 0.3 mol Na per mole Co. The reactivity of de-intercalated NaxCoO2 (~Na0.35CoO2) with ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate (EC:DEC) solvent and with NaPF6/EC:DEC electrolyte was studied using Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC). X-ray diffraction was used to study the products of the reactions of Na0.35CoO2 with solvent or electrolyte after the ARC experiments. De-intercalated NaxCoO2 shows high reactivity in both solvent and electrolyte. Na0.35CoO2 reacts with solvent at elevated temperature in a manner which is similar to de-intercalated LixCoO2, leading to the products Na0.7CoO2 and Co3O4. Then Na0.7CoO2 reacts to form Co3O4 and NaHCO3. Then Co3O4 reacts to form CoO or Co metal. In NaPF6-based electrolyte, the reaction mechanism changes completely as the major reaction products are NaCoF3 and CoO or Co.


This article covers a contrastive analysis on Korean and Chinese linguistic structures with aspect marker 'zhe着'. The results of this study are as follows: [표참조]


A multi-scale DCT-domain image registration technique for two MPEG video inputs is proposed in this work. Several edge detectors are first applied to the luminance component of DC coefficients to generate the so-called difference maps for each input image. Then, a threshold is selected for each difference map to filter out regions of lower activity. Following that, we estimate the displacement parameters by examining the difference maps of the two input images associated with the same edge detector. Finally, the ultimate displacement vector is calculated by averaging the parameters from all detectors. In order to reach higher quality of the output mosaic, 1D alignment is locally applied to pixels around the boundaries of displacement that is decided in the previous step. It is shown that the proposed method reduces the computation complexity dramatically as compared to pixel-based image registration techniques while reaching a satisfactory result in composition. Moreover, we discuss how the overlapping region affects the quality of alignment.


Currently, semantic integration became an attractive area in several disciplines, such as information integration, databases and ontologies. As many useful data are stored in the existing database management system of enterprise s , the ontology learning method could be used to convert relational database to ontology. Therefore, one of the main challenges in the research of data integration and sharing based on semantics is to construct the mapping between relational databases and anthologies. Moreover, the use of manual work in the mapping of web contents to ontologies is impractical because it contains billions of pages and the most of these contents are generated from relational databases. In this paper, improved mapping rules are proposed in this paper to convert relational database schema to ontology. The corresponding algorithm is put forward and the affection of algorithm is analyzed. This approach is effective for building ontology and important for mining semantic information from huge web resources.


This paper presents a new multiobjective index-based analytical methodology to calculate the optimal size and power factor of distributed generation (DG) unit at various locations. This multiobjective index (IMO) is related to real and reactive power losses. A computational procedure is also developed to specify the best location where the IMO value is the lowest. The results obtained on a 38-bus test system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and computational procedure as validated by an exhaustive load flow solution (ELF). The optimal power factor and indices weights can minimize the IMO value while maximizing DG penetration and achieving the best voltage profile.


This article aims to study international trade specificity and the main activities of Chinese companies in US markets. It addresses the strategic tools of companies and their application in a global and very competitive market, framed by public policies and governments' strategies. It explores the principles of the internal and external environment of the countries. The main research question is: what are the dimensions of a model to potentiate the US–China Companies? The principal methodology used in this research was a literature review, and the analysis was based on the papers that research the theme US and China trade relations. The findings reflect that international trade is conditioned by the government politics, and there are several other obstacles that a US or Chinese company need to overcome: (a) economic forces; (b) technological forces; (c) political–legal forces; (d) sociocultural forces; and (e) physical forces.


Implications and effects of the rapid population growth rate in Brazil on educational policy and on the labor force are discussed. In achieving desired improvements in educational content and coverage, the rapid rate of growth of the school-age population is a considerable disadvantage, which makes heavy expenditures essential merely to maintain existing unsatisfactory levels of per capita educational performance. Brazilian educational planners have failed to consider that educational expenditures require a more rapid increase than one proportionate to the rate of population growth. The size of the labor force is a product of the population of working age and the proportion of those who are working or seeking work. Attempts to develop the agricultural and industrial sectors in Brazil are necessary but the rapid growth rate means that poverty and unemployment will continue to be problems. Brazil is a country of vast spaces and ample natural resources; it is therefore difficult for the people, and particularly the policy planners, to understand the economic effects of rapid population growth. Economic and demographic data are included. Numerous references.


In this paper, an overall conceptual design of a 170 GHz, 1.5 MW, continuous wave (CW) conventional cavity gyrotron is presented for plasma heating applications in thermonuclear fusion reactors. The operating mode is carefully selected with due consideration of design constraints/goals and mode competition. The  ${\rm TE}_{36,10}$  mode is selected as operating mode for the present study. A weakly tapered conventional cavity resonator is considered for the study of the RF-behavior. Single mode and multimode time dependence self-consistence calculations are carried out for power and efficiencies. In addition, the design studies of a triode type magnetic injection gun, magnetic guidance system, output system that consists of an optimized nonlinear taper, a highly efficient dimpled-wall quasi-optical launcher and a single disk Chemical Vapor Deposition diamond window are also reported. Results obtained support an output power of 1.5-MW CW power at 170 GHz with a conventional cavity gyrotron with 35% efficiency without single stage depressed collector. This device is intended to serve as heating source for international thermonuclear experimental reactor- like machines.


The text (part of the book by Irina Genova "Modern Art in Bulgaria: First Histories and Present Narratives beyond the Paradigm Modernity", 2013) discuss critical articles by Sirak Skitnik concerning the role of the artist in the age of evolving industry. Special interest represents a growing tension between the self confidence of art as autonomous, and the forms of mass culture.


This contribution presents the dynamics modelling method suited to solving both the inverse and direct problems for parallel robots. The method is based on the application of Hamilton's canonical equations in carefully chosen dependent co-ordinates, called the extended space. The appropriateness and effectiveness of the method is presented by solving the dynamics of the New University of Western Australia Robot - NUWAR. NUWAR, described in detail during 1999 ACRA in Brisbane, is a variation of the well-known Delta parallel robot, having a maximum workspace volume. It is shown that the proposed method is numerically more efficient that the more traditional acceleration-based ones (e.g. Lagrange and Newton-Euler). Hamilton's equations do not require accelerations as input data to the inverse dynamics algorithm. This results in the better accuracy of the algorithm. The solution of the forward problem of dynamics was obtained without any difficulties by transforming the original system of differential-algebraic equations of index 2 to ordinary differential equations and using a standard stepping algorithm with Baumgardte stabilisation.


In the Internet era, network culture offers a scarce opportunity for ideological and political education of high schools as well as new challenges. Network has been an important means for thoughts communion. Well using network and exerting its active function will be an important aspect for the ideological and political education in high schools.


PURPOSE: A force acoustic dipole and force acoustic multi pole array using the same improves all kinds of the acoustic regenerations performance by providing the sound effect having without disturbance presence. CONSTITUTION: A phase shifter(130) outputs the first acoustic signal by phase-converting the input signal to the designated angle. The phase inverter outputs the second acoustic signal by turning reversely the phase of the first acoustic signal. The first, and 2 sound pressure controllers(150a, 150b) respectively control the first, and the sound pressure of 2 acoustic signal. The first and second AMPs(160a, 160b) respectively amplify the first controlled the sound pressure, and 2 acoustic signal. The first and second polar speakers(110, 120) respectively output the amplified first as described above, and 2 acoustic signal. The sub steering part(170) steers the first outputted from the first and second polar speakers, and the acoustic lobe direction according to 2 acoustic signal.


This paper focuses on regional language dominance. India is a land of diverse languages. Its user follows the pattern of two or three language uses for their communication, i.e. one is 'national language', the second is 'mother tongue', and the next is a 'foreign language'. It is that no languages in India accepted as a national language like other countries as it has. We Indians are urging anyone language recognised as a national language. But the problem is to choose a lucky language. The answers are 'many'. Hindi may be renowned as our national language.


Using histological methods set particular morphological and functional organization of liver neonatal, juvenile and adult rabbits. Newborn rabbits are characterized by the presence of hematopoietic cells and foci of hematopoiesis in the liver parenchyma. Hepatocytes are polymorphic, do not contain glycogen. The liver triads are not formed. With age, the parenchymal and stromal structures of the liver grow. Signs of completeness of liver morphogenesis are noted at the age of six months.


paper proposes a thorough algorithm that can tune the walking parameters (hip height, distance traveled by the hip, and times of single support phase SSP and double support phase DSP) to satisfy the kinematic and dynamic constraints: singularity condition at the knee joint, zero-moment point (ZMP) constraint, and unilateral contact constraints. Two walking patterns of biped locomotion have been investigated using the proposed algorithm. The distinction of these walking patterns is that the stance foot will stay fixed during the first sub-phase of the DSP for pattern 1, while it will rotate simultaneously at beginning of the DSP for pattern 2. A seven-link biped robot is simulated with the proposed algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm can compensate for the deviation of the ZMP trajectory due to approximate model of the pendulum model; thus balanced motion could be generated. In addition, it is shown that keeping the stance foot fixed during the first sub-phase of the DSP is necessary to evade deviation of ZMP from its desired trajectory resulting in unbalanced motion; thus, walking pattern 1 is preferred practically.


The prosperous trend of deploying complex applications to web browsers has boosted the development of WebAssembly (wasm) compilation toolchains. Software written in different high-level programming languages are compiled into wasm executables, which can be executed fast and safely in a virtual machine. The performance of wasm executables depends highly on compiler optimizations. Despite the prosperous use of wasm executables, recent research has indicated that real-world wasm applications are slower than anticipated, suggesting deficiencies in wasm optimizations. This paper aims to present the first systematic and in-depth understanding of the status quo of wasm optimizations. To do so, we present DITWO, a differential testing framework to uncover missed optimizations (MO) of wasm optimizers. DITWO compiles a C program into both native x86 executable and wasm executable, and differentiates optimization indication traces (OITraces) logged by running each executable to uncover MO. Each OITrace is composed with global variable writes and function calls, two performance indicators that practically and systematically reflect the optimization degree across wasm and native executables. Our analysis of the official wasm optimizer, wasm-opt, successfully identifies 1,293 inputs triggering MO of wasm-opt. With extensive manual effort, we identify nine root causes for all MO, and we estimate that fixing discovered MO can result in a performance improvement of at least 17.15%. We also summarize four lessons from our findings to deliver better wasm optimizations.


The introduction of sterile collodial carbon into the dermis produces an area of low electrical resistance in the intact skin. The low resistance spot is suitable for long term, dry contact, stimulation or specialized ECG/EEG measurements.


Background Core hypothermia after induction of epidural anesthesia results from both an internal core‐to‐peripheral redistribution of body heat and a net loss of heat to the environment. However, the relative contributions of each mechanism remain unknown. The authors thus evaluated regional body heat content and the extent to which core hypothermia after induction of anesthesia resulted from altered heat balance and internal heat redistribution.


This paper presents a novel wearable robotic hand exoskeleton named ReHand-II for post-stroke rehabilitation. To ensure the consistency of rotation between exoskeleton joints and index finger joints and to realize reasonable range of movement, the kinematics models of left index finger and the exoskeleton are established. And design variables,constraints and objective function are determined. The size synthesis optimization design is realized. Ultimately the size value of each component parameter is determined. The hand exoskeleton is developed according to the results of the optimization. Finally, ReHand-II shows better bio-imitability and Wearable adaptability by wear experiment results.


To the Editor: Hyperaldosteronism is the cause of about 0.5 to 2 percent of all cases of hypertension. Aldosterone-producing adenomas account for approximately 60 percent of the cases of hyperaldos...


inequality can be replaced by one following from much simpler considerations. The present note uses first principles to establish an exact expression for the difference between the two sums of squares in question. The difference is also given some simple interpretations. Incidentally, the elementary nature of one of the present derivations, as also the remarks in the corrigendum, show clearly that the original conditions required for the derivation of the inequality were unduly restrictive. It is demonstrated that under certain circumstances the two sums of squares can differ by an appreciable amount. As a consequence, the residual analysis test statistic presented by the authors for testing the hypothesis that the additional parameters are equal to zero is subject to certain serious defects. One of these defects is the possibility of rather large noncentralities in the denominator sum of squares and a resulting gross lack of sensitivity to certain departures from the null hypothesis. An attempt is made at some overall evaluation of the method of residual analysis in the present sense.


Objective Observe the clinical curative effect of Shujiangzhi to curehyperlipemia.Method Apply Shujiangzhi take orally and cure 80 patients with hyperlipemia. Results Shujiangzhi have to lower serum cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoproteincholes (LDL-C) functions obviously, have already gone up a function to high-density lipoproteincholes (HDL-C) level. Conclusion Shujiangzhi have curative effect affirmation to cure hyperlipemia.


A method and apparatus for processing a speech disorder is provided. Method for treating disorders speech in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention of the method comprising: receiving an audio signal, the method comprising: recognizing a voice signal to the phoneme units, the method comprising: extracting a plurality of audio components from the audio signal, plural audio component and at least a failure of the voice component part characterized in that it comprises a step, the step of synthesizing a speech signal restored on the basis of at least restore the voice component for obtaining a restored speech components by treatment with the phoneme units.


The northeast region of India is bestowed with high aquatic resources. More than 95% of the population are fish eaters and there is a huge demand for fish. In order to fill the gap between supply and demand, efforts for aquaculture development and expansion is crucial. Aquaculture practices in this region can generate income and provide food security to the underprivileged population. Culture of ornamental fish species and ecotourism development can facilitate conservation of fisheries resources and safeguard for its future scope.


The invention discloses an alloy microscopy vascular clamp with the antiallergic function. The alloy material comprises, by weight, 100 parts of Fe, 15-30 parts of Pd, 15-20 parts of Ru, 3-10 parts of Zr, 2-6 parts of Mo, 1-5 parts of Ge, 0.5-2 parts of Sn and 0.2-2 parts of tungsten. According to the alloy microscopy vascular clamp with the antiallergic function, the needed high precision and high-strength mechanical performance is guaranteed, the very strong biological affinity is achieved, the irritation to the vessels and other cell tissues of the human body is weak, and using is safer.


Basic physics characteristics of body-shields to screen out radioactivity outside the field of view were analyzed by phantom experiments and Monte-Carlo simulation. The shielding effect depended primarily on the geometrical condition as in the case of end-shields. However, body-shields became more effective by increasing the shield thickness more than 10 mm as not in the case of end-shields. This characteristic difference was related with the fractions of un-scattered and shield-scattered components. A body-shield could be as effective as an end-shield if a good geometrical condition was kept with sufficient shield thickness.


Conformable and conventional indwelling urinary catheters, made of latex coated with Teflon and of the same nominal size, were encrusted in vitro. The extent of encrustation was quantified by dissolving the deposits, determining the concentrations of calcium and magnesium in the resulting solutions (by atomic adsorption spectroscopy), and calculating the surface densities of calcium and magnesium. Surface densities of both elements were significantly less on the conformable than on the conventional catheters. This result can be explained by the pulsed flow of urine through the conformable catheter tending to dislodge deposits adhering to its inner surface. A similar action is expected to occur in vivo.


The Couette flow of a model yield-stress fluid with slip at the walls, a 0.12% Carbopol® 940 microgel, was analyzed in this work by simultaneous rheometrical and particle image velocimetry measurements (Rheo-PIV). The Rheo-PIV technique was first tested in the analysis of the Couette flow of a Newtonian fluid and then used to determine the velocity and shear rate distributions of the microgel across gap. A reliable and full description of the different flow regimes occurring in the steady Couette flow of yield-stress fluids with slip at the rheometer walls was obtained, which includes rigid body-like motion at stresses below the yield one, rigid body-like motion and shear flow at stresses above the yield one, as well as pure shear flow once the shear stress at the outer cylinder overcomes the yield value. Slip occurred at both cylinders, which were made up of hydrophobic (inner) and hydrophilic (outer) materials, respectively. The slip velocity values measured at both walls increased along with the shear stress and the trends of these dependencies deviated from the predictions of the hydrodynamic and elastohydrodynamic lubrication mechanisms of slip in the flow of soft deformable particle dispersions [1]. Besides, the yield stress was determined with good accuracy from the velocity profiles, as well as the location of the yielded and non-yielded regions for each flow condition. Finally, the consistency of the obtained velocity profiles was tested by comparison with a theoretical prediction for the Couette flow problem of a Herschel-Bulkley fluid without slip.


The population dynamics of mixed-culture and sequential-cultures in fruit-must fermentation is a very interesting problem from both the theoretical and technological stand point. By mixed-culture we refer to those fermentations in which more that one strain/species are present from the beginning of the process; and by sequential to those in which different microorganisms are added along the process. These kinds of fermentations play a key role in industry of fermented beverages. The mathematical models of such processes should represent the dynamics of multiple species growing in a mixture of substrates as the fruit must composition includes an important proportion of hexoses and pentoses. Since the flavor is a basic aspect of beverages, and in general of all fermented foods, it is fundamental to study the population dynamics and its impact in the organoleptic properties, through the influence in the volatile compound profile. The goal of this paper is to present a panorama of the investigations of these fermentative ecosystems from a biological, mathematical, and technological stand point.


Objective: To determine the factors associated with work stress in nurses at two hospitals in the city of Cartagena. Methods: We performed across-sectional analytical study. The population fell to 156 nurses Emergency Services, Hospital, Adult ICU, Surgery, Outpatient, two hospitals in the city of Cartagena. For data collect on we used the Spanish version of the instrument "The Nursing Stress Scale" (NSS), which assesses seven factors related to the physical environment, the psychological environment and two related to the social environmentin the hospital. For the analysis of the data using descriptive statistics, we conducted bivariate analyzes using probability Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U to estimate significant differences between variables averages. Results:The study involved 156 nursesat two hospitals inthe city of Cartagena, with a mean age of 33.2 years, 94.2% (147) are female. Thehighprevalence of stress corresponded to 33.9% (53) of respondents. Variables are associated with stress, age less than 30 years, having a partner, having more than one childin the outpatient work, have afixed term contract, be linked to the company for more than two years and have more than five years of experience in office.> Conclusion: The presence of stress in professionals is mainly associated with personal and work factors such as services in which they work and the type of contract.


Abstract Background: Complex anal fistula is a topic of debate from ancient times due to its difficult treatment and its effect on patients quality of life. The most complex anal fistula is the branched transsphincteric fistula with secondary extension in the perianal spaces forming the configuration U-shaped or horseshoe fistula. Many surgical technique have been described for treatment of this fistula as fistulotomy as was described by Hanly 1965 but he noted high risk of anal incontinence despite the complete eradication of the deep post anal sepsis. Aim of Study: To evaluate retrospectively patients with complex horseshoe fistula for them re-routing technique was done with respect to operative time, occurrence of incontinence and rate of recurrence of the fistula. Patients and Methods: This study is a retrospective ob-servational study that was conducted on 30 patients who had complex horseshoe perianal fistula and underwent re-routing technique for the fistula in the last 3 years; from January 2017 to December 2019. Follow-up of the patients was for 6 months. They were recruited from General Surgery Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals (El-Demerdash), Ain Shams University, Egypt. Results: Of the 30 patients, 27 patients (90%) preserved complete and full continence. Only 3 patients (10%) developed incontinence post-operatively after the second stage, stage of rerouting. Of the 3 patients developed incontinence, 2 patients (6.7%) developed only gas incontinence which is according to wexner scoring system was "sometimes" that occurred less than once per week and only 1 patient (3.3%) developed gas and liquid stool incontinence which according to the wexner score system was "rare" that occurred less than once per month. All 3 cases developed incontinence didn't need to wear pads and there was no effect on their life style. After 6 months follow-up of the patients, recurrence occurred only in 2 patients (6.7%) at 3.5 and 5 months which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Rerouting technique is a suitable proper sphincter preserving procedure for the management of the complex horse shoe perianal fistula with low recurrence rate, very acceptable and satisfactory magnitude of preservation of anal continence with no effect on patient's quality of life.


Due to their unique physicochemical properties, nanoparticles play an important role in the fields of nanomedicine and so on. In this paper, the interactions between the nanoparticles coated with striped hydrophilic and hydrophobic ligands and a lipid bilayer are investigated by using the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. This study focuses on the effects of the density of the ligands, the ratio of the hydrophilic ligands to the hydrophobic ligands, and the rigidity of the ligands on the interactions of the nanoparticles with the lipid bilayer. The results show that the nanoparticles interact with the lipid bilayer in two different ways. The nanoparticle with a small size, a large ratio of hydrophilic ligands to the hydrophobic ligands, and flexible ligands can readily be inserted into the lipid bilayer, and the nanoparticle rotation is very crucial to the insertion of the nanoparticle into the bilayer. However, the nanoparticle with a large size, a small ratio of hydrophilic ligands to hydrophobic ligands, and rigid ligands can only be adsorbed on the surface of the lipid bilayer. This work provides an effective method to modulate the interactions of the amphiphilic nanoparticles with the lipid bilayers and some insights into the applications of the nanoparticles in drug delivery, cell imaging, etc.


Mesoscopic deformation domains are observed to occur in the displacement vector field when tensile stresses are induced in porous ceramic-coated aluminum polycrystals where the motion of dislocations at the microscopic level is suppressed. Deformation domains are identified as mesoscopic defects that implement accommodation deformation of the rotation type.


The development of an industry-owned and -managed global aeronautical satellite system (known as AvSat) to meet the expanding communications needs of the airline industry well into the next century is described is described. The three major subsystems of AvSat-ground segment, avionics and cabin systems, and space segment-are presented. The AvSat system provides on a global basis, an integrated communications transport system for air traffic control, aeronautical operational control, aeronautical administrative communications, and airline passenger communications.<<ETX>>


Enterococci are included in the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System to track antibiotic resistance among commensal Gram‐positive enteric bacteria, largely due to their high abundance in food animals and in retail meat. In the U.S. cattle industry, macrolides are used to prevent and control liver abscesses, which cause significant economic losses. Previous studies have suggested that feeding tylosin and the intensity of the pen environment, both expand and sustain respectively the prevalence of multidrug resistance among enterococci in feedlot cattle. This has led to research into alternative feed supplements and improved stewardship practices. In a randomized controlled trial, we measured the impact of a probiotic and an altered pen environment on antimicrobial resistance among faecal Enterococcus spp. in cattle fed tylosin. Supplementing cattle with an Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae‐based probiotic yielded the isolation of E. faecium of the probiotic sequence type (ST296) from faecal and environmental samples in treatment groups, as well as from cattle and the manure pack in nearby pens. Of importance, the probiotic strain also was found in a desiccated and milled manure pack sample taken 120 days after the initial trial ended. Phylogenetic and SNP analyses revealed clonal survival and spread compatible with faecal‐environmental‐oral recycling of the probiotic strain within and among cattle and pens. The increase in prevalence of the ST296 strain occurred concomitant with a decrease in ST240, the dominant sequence type associated with ermB and tet(M) resistance genes in this trial.


A microfluidic thermal mass flow sensor with ultra-high thermal sensitivity, based on planar micro-machining technology and a phase-change material is developed.


A number of ternary compounds become superconducting even though they contain a chemically ordered sublattice of magnetic rare‐earth ions. Studies of the physical properties of these materials have revealed anomalies below Tc which have been attributed to magnetic ordering transitions. Using neutron spectrometers at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, a group of us has demonstrated that simple magnetic structures with long‐range order do occur, and we have solved some of the magnetic structures of these superconductors. Specifically, we have found that in DyMo6S8 and TbMo6S8 an antiferromagnetic structure coexists with superconductivity. In two other compounds, ErRh4B4 and HoMo6S8 we have found that the development of ferromagnetism is responsible for the quenching of superconductivity. A study of the critical magnetic neutron scattering near the superconducting → ferromagnetic transitions shows the presence of fluctuations into a state with an oscillatory magnetization of wave length λ=100 A.


Consider the real vector space P2 of all polynomials of degree at most 2. High-school students study the roots of the polynomials in P2, while linear algebra students study linear transformations on P2. Is it possible to bring these two groups together to do some joint research? For example, a linear algebra student chooses a specific linear transformation T : P2 → P2 and asks others to study the roots of a polynomial p(x) = ax + bx + c, x ∈ R,


This paper addresses the nonlinear buckling and post-buckling behavior of an extensible marine elastica pipe conveying fluid. The mathematical model employed in the nonlinear buckling analysis is developed based on the extensible elastica theory and the large strain formulation, so that the high extensibility of the pipe due to large axial strains is tackled thoroughly. The boundary value problem of the model is solved by the shooting method, and the numerical elastica solutions are obtained. For stability examination, the method of adjacent nonlinear equilibrium is exploited. It is revealed that the fundamental mode of nonlinear buckling of the pipe is reached when the pipe experiences either the critical top tension or the critical weight. Postbuckling behavior of the pipe is recognized to be unstable. The investigation is extended to studying various parameters that impinge on the limit states of the pipe. These parameters are the dimensionless quantities that relate to density of pipe material, densities of external and internal fluids, applied top tension, Poisson's ratio, slenderness ratio, vessel offset, seawater depth, current-drag coefficients, current velocity, and internal flow velocity.


AIMS
To examine prevalence of bullying among nurses and explore associations of organizational betrayal and support with well-being among nurses exposed to bullying.

BACKGROUND
Bullying is a problem in many nursing workplaces, and organizations have an obligation to support nurses who are bullied. Support or betrayal after bullying could affect nurse well-being, including burnout.

METHODS
In this cross-sectional study among U.S. nurses, data were collected in a survey using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised for Nursing, the Institutional Betrayal Questionnaire for Health, the Well-Being Index, a job satisfaction scale and demographic questions.

RESULTS
Prevalence of weekly/daily bullying was 31% (N = 242). Among nurses exposed to any bullying (N = 173), organizational betrayal increased odds of burnout (OR 2.62, p=.02), job dissatisfaction (OR 2.97, p=.04), and absenteeism (OR 6.11, p<.001). Organizational support decreased odds of job dissatisfaction (OR 0.30, p=.001) and absenteeism (OR 0.50, p=.04).

CONCLUSION
Analysis of study findings suggests organizational betrayal increases likelihood of burnout, job dissatisfaction, and absenteeism, and support decreases likelihood of dissatisfaction and absenteeism.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT
Nurse leaders should be aware of the issue of organizational betrayal and support in relation to well-being. Future studies can further explore the concepts of betrayal and support to provide additional evidence.


An investigation was conducted on the community structure of macrozoobenthos in the Yunnan Province reaches of the main steam of Nujiang River in level season (April and May),wet season (July and August),and dry season (November),and the water quality of the Yunnan Province reaches was assessed with biotic indices from 2007 to 2008.A total of 47 species of macrobenthos were collected,belonging to 34 families and 12 orders,among which,aquatic insects had the largest proportion,with 31 species (66% of the total) belonging to 25 families and 7 orders.The average density and biomass of the macrobenthos was the highest in level season (93.73 ind./m2) and wet season (1093.70 mg/m2),respectively.As a whole,the Shannon index,Margalef index,and Pielou index were the highest in dry season,followed by level season,and wet season.The result of water-quality assessment indicated that the upper and lower of Nujiang River in Yunnan province is normal,but slight pollution in midstream.The study show that BPI index is not suitable for the water-quality assessment of Nujiang River because that fewer macrobenthos species exists in the cold and fast flows.


Erosion characteristics of fine sediment deposits were studied experimentally using a rotating circular flume in the laboratory. The influence of the rate of application of bed shear stress and the structure of sediment beds was investigated. When the shear stress was applied suddenly on a bed formed by placing a thick slurry of kaolin in the flume, the concentration of the eroded sediment first increased to reach a maximum value, and then it started to decrease and finally attained a steady state value that was significantly lower than the maximum concentration (the steady state concentration value was one third of the maximum concentration value). When the shear stress was applied gradually, the behaviour was similar, but the difference between the values of the maximum concentration and steady state concentration was very small (<10%). When the shear stress was applied gradually on a bed formed by depositing a dilute suspension, the concentration increased monotonically and reached the steady state con...


Disclosure: All authors are paid employees of ConvaTec Ltd, Flintshire, United Kingdom. Until recently, local wound infection has been a challenge with few management options. However, the advent of advanced wound dressings containing topical antimicrobial agents, such as silver, has provided a new approach to the control of wound pathogens. Silver has proven antimicrobial activity that includes antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Its role as an antimicrobial agent is particularly attractive, as it has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity , 6 with minimal toxicity toward mammalian cells at low concentrations and has a less likely tendency than antibiotics to induce resistance due to its activity at multiple bacterial target sites. Topical creams or solutions containing silver (eg, silver sulfadiazine) have long been used as a mainstay of wound management in burn patients who are especially susceptible to infection. H o w e v e r , disadvantages to their use include staining the skin and toxicity. In addition, the need for frequent removal and reapplication of silver sulfadiazine due to the development of pseudoeschar is both time consuming for professionals and painful for p a t i e n t s . , 9 A range of antimicrobial dressings containing silver either incorporated within or applied to the dressing are now available for clinical use. 0 This new class of dressings is designed to provide the antimicrobial activity of topical silver in a more convenient application. However, the dressings themselves differ considerably in the nature of their silver content and in their physical and chemical p r o p e r t i e s . This study compares the i n v i t r o a n t i b a c t e r i a l activity of 7 such dressings against 2 common wound pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus a n d Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The correlation between silver content and/or silver release from each dressing and its antibacterial effect is examined, and factors relating to the provision of an optimal environment for wound healing are compared to provide a basis for an overall assessment of the clinically valuable properties of each dressing.


A pair of specific primers was designed based on the published sequences of the OmpA gene of Riemerella anatipestifer(RA),the OmpA gene was amplified from the isolated YM strain of RA(RA-YM strain)by PCR.The PCR amplified DNA fragment was cloned into pMD18-T.The sequencing results indicated that this gene was 1 152 bp and quite conservative.The result of sequence analysis of OmpA gene of RA-YM indicated that the homology among other RA strains was 93%-97%.The OmpA gene was ligated into pGEX-KG to get the expressing vector of pKG-OmpA which was then transformed into E.coli BL21.The result of SDS-PAGE showed the expressed protein was about 68 000,and the recombinant protein occupied 30% of total cell protein and in inclusion body form.Western-blot results indicated that this protein possesses biological activity.


In the course of several hundred dives at Miyake-jima,I have frequently observed LutJanus bohar juveniles seeming to mimic the following Chromis species;Chromis flavomaculata Kamohara,C.weberi Fowler at Bean, C.miyakeensis Moyer et Ida,and C.lepidolepis Bleeker.In addition,I observed a similar relationship between L.bohar and C.weberi in Nakagusuku Bay,Okinawa Island,in February,1976.In all observations,the mimic aggregated in the water column near coral outcroppings or volcanic cliffs with the Chromis model or in heterotypic schools that included from one to three of the model species as well as Anthias squamipinnis(Peters)and juvenile Caesio spp.From a distance of 8 m or more,it was often difficult for the observer to distinguish the mimic from the model, particularly when visibility was somewhat limited. Lutjanus bohar's mimetic relationship with Chromis species in Miyake-jima waters was most frequently observed between the lutjanid juvenile and Chromis flavomaculata,less often with C.weberi and C.miyakeensis,and rarely with C.lepidolepis.In every observation the mimic represented the same size class as the Table 1.Comparative abundance of mimic and model species along selected courses at two sites at Miyake-jima,Japan.


The densification of ferrous powder in high velocity compaction (HVC) is numerically captured by using discrete element method. Macro property (porosity), micro properties (coordination number (CN), radial distribution function (RDF) and unbalanced force), and meso properties (force chains and their orientations) are characterized and analyzed. The effect of force chains on the densification mechanism is studied. The densification in HVC is reciprocating in accordance with the evolution of local porosity and CN. This phenomenon can be promoted by the peak of unbalanced force. The number of peaks in RDF changes from three to four during densification. In addition, force chains evolve from top to bottom and then move in reverse. The distribution of force chains is related to the CN evolution, and the degree of densification is affected by the force chain strength. Force chains can promote densification by pushing particles and squeezing adjacent particles.


Summary

In this study, fifty-one monofloral Sardinian honeys from ten various floral origins were screened for their phenolic content, antioxidant activity, colour and electrical conductivity. The total phenolic amounts have been evaluated by Folin–Ciocalteu method, whereas quantification of several phenolic compounds (phenolic acids and flavonoids) has been carried out by HPLC-DAD technique. The richest sample in phenolic compounds resulted strawberry tree honey with about 40 mg GAE/100 g, as well FRAP test and DPPH˙ test confirm that antioxidant activity of strawberry tree honey extract exceed both honey extracts and synthetic antioxidants like BHA and BHT. Among the studied phenolic compounds a total of five phenolic acids (ferulic, syringic, trans-cinnamic, chlorogenic and p-hydroxycinnamic) and nine flavonoids (catechin, kaempferol, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, galangin, pinocembrin and pinobanksin) were identified. Our results show good correlations between total polyphenol amount and antioxidant activity and between colour and electrical conductivity.


An improved microwave imaging technique for medical imaging purposes is presented. In this approach, a spatial statistical technique is utilized to model the received signals in a multistatic array. The received signals in other locations are estimated based on the obtained statistical model to create a virtual array. A frequency-based imaging algorithm, which assumes the relation between the scattered signals outside and inside the imaged domain follows Bessel function of the first kind, is applied to the calculated signals from the virtual array to find the location of target. The proposed method is tested and verified in simulations, using realistic torso model and metamaterial antennas. The obtained results show that the image quality and detection accuracy can be significantly improved by applying the proposed virtual array concept to the imaging algorithm.


AbstractNondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have received growing acceptance in many testing tasks in the assessment of concrete infrastructures. Substantial progress in NDE methods for concret...


Abstract The synthesis of fluorescent 2,10-derivatives of the title chromophore are described. The substituents contain amino-reactive N-hydroxysuccinimde ester and thiol-reactive iodoacetamide groups for attachment to biomolecules. A phosphate derivative was also prepared as an enzyme substrate.


3D stochastic Euler equations with a special form of multiplicative noise are considered. A Constantin-Iyer type representation in Euler-Lagrangian form is given, based on stochastic characteristics. Local existence and uniqueness of solutions in suitable Hölder spaces is proved from the Euler-Lagrangian formulation. MSC 2010: 35Q31, 76B03


This article focuses on the criminal law characteristics of transnational crime, which has an extremely negative impact on the economic and social spheres of modern society in many countries. The provisions of international regulations on the definition of transnational crime and the reality of implementation of international agreements signed and ratified by Ukraine in terms of implementation in national criminal law of liability for crimes with transnational links have been thoroughly studied. In particular, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Agreement between Ukraine and the European Police Office on Operational and Strategic Cooperation and other international regulations on cooperation of member states in combating transnational crime were studied. The statistical data of the General Prosecutor's Office of Ukraine are analyzed, which indicate the negative dynamics of the state of organized crime, which has increased over the last five years. The article presents official statistics, according to which in 2016 the share of organized crime amounted to 0.02% of the total number of crimes committed; in 2017 – 0.04%; in 2018 – 0.06%, in 2019 – 0.07%, in 2020 – 0.1% – which indicates an increase in the level of organized crime in general. An analysis of international regulations signed or ratified by Ukraine on the definition of transnational crime is carried out. The dispositions of the norms of the criminal legislation on detection of signs of crimes with transnational connections are analyzed. Crimes with signs of transnational crime have been identified under national legislation and the legislation of some foreign countries, on the basis of which their comparative characteristics have been made. It is established that some foreign countries also regulate the possibility of applying exemptions from criminal liability for similar criminal offenses under the domestic law on criminal liability. In particular, the norms of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Republic of Moldova, the Republic of Turkmenistan, the Republic of Tajikistan, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Armenia are analyzed. The article identifies a list of crimes that may have signs of transnational crime. It has been established that the largest number of crimes that may have the characteristics of transnational crime are acts related to drug trafficking, human trafficking, smuggling, economic crimes, arms trafficking, smuggling and other closely related crimes. with border crossing and international criminal relations. On this basis, it is proposed to set out the disposition of Part 2 of Art. 201 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which provides for liability for smuggling, taking into account the new qualifier for the commission of this act by criminal groups with transnational ties. In addition, the problem of the lack of definition of transnational crime at the legislative level in Ukraine, which prompts further research in this area, has been identified.


We report measurements of the de Haas--van Alphen effect in the heavy-electron metal CeCu/sub 6/ in the coherent state. Cyclotron masses of up to 40m/sub 0/ are observed and we deduce a many-body enhancement 20 times larger than in LaCu/sub 6/. We conclude from the absence of any light electrons that the many-body renormalization leading to the coherent state influences all electrons, and not just those with primarily f character.


Lane detection is necessary for developing intelligent Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). Using vision-based lane detection is more cost-effective, requiring less operational power. Images captured by the moving vehicle include varying brightness, blur, and occlusion caused due to diverse locations. We propose a Vision-based Ingenious Lane Departure Warning System (VILDS) for AV to address these challenges. The Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) of the VILDS choose the most precise features to create images that are identical to the original but have better clarity. The system also uses Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to learn the average behavior of the samples to forecast lanes based on a live feed of processed images, which predicts incomplete lanes and increases the reliability of the AV's trajectory. Further, we devise a strategy to improve the Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS) by determining the angle and direction of deviation to predict the AV's Lane crossover. An extensive evaluation of the proposed VILDS system demonstrated the effective working of the lane detection and departure warning system modules with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.5%, respectively.


Twelve new spring peanut cultivars were introduced in spring of 2010.The comparative tests were conducted by analyzing the peanut traits such as yield and agronomic characters etc..The results showed that spring peanut cultivars of Longhua7,Minhua9,Quanhua551 and Minhuihua2 had relative outstanding characteristics and are worth further extension.


Aim of study: to evaluate spine mobility, as an integral marker of joint mobility, according to the duration of the disease and provision of vitamin D in children with diabetes. Materials and research methods. Overall, 93 children from 11 to 17 years old with insulin-dependent diabetes were examined. According to the duration of the disease, all the children were divided into three groups: the first group consists of 26 children (average age 12.9 ± 0.4 years) with the duration of the disease less than a year, the second group consists of 33 patients (average age 13.8 ± 0.4 years) with the duration of the disease from one to five years, the third group consists of 34 patients (average age 14.3 ± 0.4 years) with the duration of the disease for more than five years. The control group consists of 30 conditionally healthy children that are representative by age and gender. Evaluation of joints motion was performed in all the children with the help of metrical tests. The content of vitamin D and periostin was identified in blood serum by the method of immunoenzyme assay. Results. It was found that in children with diabetes mellitus, compared with the control group, there is a decrease in spine mobility. Starting from the second year of disease, it was noticed that there is gradual decrease of mobility of all parts of the spine. We observed a decrease in blood serum vitamin D levels, which progress with the enlargement of illness duration. In the first year of the disease, vitamin deficiency was only 10 %. At that time, in group 2 in 50 % of children, and in group 3 in 80 % of children there was a decrease in vitamin D level (P < 0.05). Lack of vitamin D sufficiency was accompanied by a deterioration of the overall mobility of the spine. The lowest levels of vitamin D were found in children with high-risk glycemic control. It was determined that the level of periostin tended to increase gradually with the progress of diabetes. Data analysis showed that children with high levels of periostin had low levels vitamin D in blood serum. Conclusions. Children with diabetes are characterized by the deterioration in the functional state of the spine in the form of reduced mobility in all its regions, which progress with an increase in the duration of the disease. One of the mechanisms for the development of the revealed violations is poor compensation for diabetes and vitamin D deficiency.


Careless responding was studied in the context of a large-scale survey-based study (Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort; n = 5024) wherein the Chapman Infrequency Scale (CIS) was used as the validity scale. Careless responding was infrequent in comparison to earlier studies that used students as subjects. Logistic regression analyses showed that the odds ratio for careless responding was 2.1 (95% confidence interval: 0.9–5.0) for respondents with a psychiatric diagnosis relative to healthy respondents. Male sex and lack of secondary education were other factors that correlated positively with CIS score. It is concluded that the common procedure of excluding careless respondents from final samples may affect the results of survey-based studies that target psychiatric patients. It is suggested that cutoff scores for exclusion should be flexible and chosen in line with the demographic and health characteristics of the sample.


In previous papers we investigated so-called sum of translates functions F ( x , t ) := J ( t ) + (cid:80) nj =1 ν j K ( t − x j ), where J : [0 , 1] → R := R ∪ {−∞} is a "sufficiently nondegenerate" and upper-bounded "field function", and K : [ − 1 , 1] → R is a fixed "kernel function", concave both on ( − 1 , 0) and (0 , 1), and also satisfying the singularity condition K (0) = lim t → 0 K ( t ) = −∞ . For node systems x := ( x 1 , . . . , x n ) with x 0 := 0 ≤ x 1 ≤ · · · ≤ x n ≤ 1 =: x n +1 , we analyzed the behavior of the local maxima vector m := ( m 0 , m 1 , . . . , m n ), where m j := m j ( x ) := sup x j ≤ t ≤ x j +1 F ( x , t ). Among other results we proved a strong intertwining property: if the kernels are also decreasing on ( − 1 , 0) and increasing on (0 , 1), and the field function is upper semicontinuous, then for any two different node systems there are i, j such that m i ( x ) < m i ( y ) and m j ( x ) > m j ( y ). Here we partially succeed to extend this even to nonsingular kernels.


Background/Aim: We analyzed the survival outcomes of patients with epithelial ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer with BRCA1/2 mutations and the clinical factors associated with the prognosis of these cancers. Patients and Methods: We included patients who had been diagnosed with and treated for epithelial ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer and had undergone germline BRCA testing in six hospitals between January 2012 and December 2019. Results: Of the 378 identified patients, 76 (20.1%) carried a BRCA1/2 mutation. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) did not differ between patients with and without BRCA1/2 mutation. Multivariate analysis for 18 months after the primary treatment showed higher PFS in the BRCA1/2 mutation group (p=0.024). Subgroup analysis in patients with high-grade serous carcinoma showed that BRCA1/2 mutation was an independent favorable prognostic factor for PFS (p=0.035). Subgroup analysis of patients with stage III or IV disease demonstrated an independent gain in PFS in patients with BRCA1/2 mutation (p=0.015). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a primary treatment was related to poor PFS (p<0.001) and reduced OS (p=0.005). Conclusion: Having a germline BRCA1/2 mutation improved short-term PFS in patients with epithelial ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. Elevated initial CA125 level and primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy were related to poor prognosis.


We briefly describe the use of embedded domain-specific languages to improve programmer productivity and increase software assurance in the context of building a fully-featured autopilot for unpiloted aircraft.


Containing abundant thoughts of preventive medicine and unique ideas of disease prevention, "health preserving" is a unique phenomenon and method in Chinese history and culture. In modern society, the way of life and working is increasingly westernized, while chronic non-communicable diseases assume potential of the outbreak and the younger age of onset. Faced with the grim reality, the positive thoughts of disease prevention in Chinese health preserving culture is of positive significance to the disease prevention and prognosis as well as to national health promotion, undoubtedly. This paper focuses on the study on positive preventive medicine theories such as the whole concept of disease prevention, view of nature(acting in accordance with natural law) and dialectical point(disease prevention should be changed with time), as well as a few thoughts of preventive medicine in health preserving culture, such as prevention first, preventing disease from exacerbating, preventing the recrudescence of disease. These positive preventive medicine thoughts are of great realistic significance and wide social significance to overall improvement of health conditions, pushing forward the citizens' health campaign, health-building guidance, prevention and control of non-communicable chronic diseases.


The high concentrations of trace elements in the environment, especially the carcinogenic elements Cr, Cd, and As, in populated areas can lead to an increased non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk in humans via the effective exposure pathways (inhalation and dermal contact). In this study, the concentrations of the trace elements Cd, Cr, and As in four media were comprehensively evaluated by collecting samples from atmospheric precipitates (A), wheat (W), soil (S), and groundwater (G) in the agricultural plain. This study not only considers the health risk level, but also focuses on the relationship between soil properties and the soil–wheat system. First, according to the results of the analysis, the concentration of carcinogenic elements in atmospheric precipitates was higher than that in other media. The sequence follows the order A > S > W > G. Moreover, the input flux of A was at a relatively higher level (determined via an input flux calculation) than other farming areas. Second, the pollution of Cr, Cd, and As in A and S were analyzed using the geoaccumulation method, and the level of Cd reached mild to moderate pollution. In addition, it was found that the bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of Cd were much higher than those of As and Cr in the soil–wheat system. Furthermore, it was found that the negative relationship between BAFs and pH, CEC (cation exchange capacity), Corg (soil organic carbon), and clay was significant. Lastly, the hazard quotient (HQ) of the non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk (CR) of the three elements in multiple media were calculated using the health risk model. The HQ results showed that the total non-carcinogenic risk index (HI) of Cd, As, and Cr in the multiple-media did not exceed the risk limit (1.00), and there was no significant risk to the locally exposed population. However, the total carcinogenic risk index (TCR) indicated that the risk index of Cr, As and Cd in multiple media exceeded the safety index range (≈10−6–10−4), and the three elements posed a significant carcinogenic risk to local residents via the main pathways. In terms of individual elements, the risk of cancer was highest via the ingestion of the carcinogenic element Cd in G and W.


INTERNALIZATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL VALUE BASED ON ETHNO-RELIGIOUS IN MAN YOGYAKARTA III . The phenomenon of violence in the name of religion, ethnicity, and culture has shown that humans have failed to understand heterogeneity, diversity, and plurality as main characteristics of the Islamic educational institutions, such as Madrasa. For responding that phenomenon, MAN Yogyakarta III (Mayoga) believes that they will create the humanist and inclusive education. This research with phenomenological approach and qualitative descriptive method was focused on best practice done by Mayoga, humanist and inclusive education. The results showed that the values of diversity in Mayoga were internalized in learning activities by integrating the values of religion, culture, and diversity. The integration generates socio-cultural values, such as appreciating 'mazhab' differences in religious practices, cultural assimilation and regional languages, tolerance and human rights, and social coherence among the school communities. Thus, the social values that grow in Mayoga can keep the values of social cohesion among people in Madrasa.


Objective: To observe the postoperative and preoperative indicators of pulmonary artery catheter in critical cardiovascular surgery,to evaluate its clinical significance.Method: Retrospectively analyze 36 cases with critical cardiovascular surgery by the using pulmonary artery catheter from Jun.2010 to Oct.2011 in our hospital,They were given intravenous and inhalation general anesthesia and the right jugular vein put into the pulmonary artery catheter.The indications of pulmonary artery pressure(PAP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP),heart rate(HR),central venous area(CVP),continuous cardiac output(CCO) and mixed venous oxygen saturation(SvO2) were monitored before and after the surgery.Result: The basic values of MAP,SvO2,CCO in operative surgery were lower than the preoperative surgery,(P0.05);The basic values of PAP,PCWP,CVP,HR in operative surgery were higher than the preoperative surgery,(P0.05);The values of CCO,HR in postoperative surgery were higher than operative surgery,P0.05.Conclusion: The pulmonary artery catheter can provide comprehensive and real-time hemodynamic monitoring and effectively assess the patient's circulatory status to guide the clinical treatment for the critical cardiovascular surgery,and it is worth to be applied in clinical.


ABSTRACT There are several therapeutic options to treat congenital melanocytic nevi. The motivations for the treatment of small- to medium-sized congenital nevi located on the face or other sensitive areas are frequently cosmetic. The choice of therapy depends on the operator's expertise and on the likelihood of improved cosmesis. We report a case of a medium-sized congenital nevi located on the lower eyelid, successfully treated with a combination of ablative lasers with a single surgical procedure. We achieved an excellent clinical and cosmetic result. No scarring, distortion, or recurrence were observed.


This paper reviews studies relevant to the causal relationship between speeding and crashes. The conclusions from this study are as follows: (1) There is ample, but not unequivocal, evidence to indicate that, on a given road, crash involvement rates of individual vehicles rise with their speed of travel. (2) There are no convincing data to demonstrate that, across all roads, crash involvement rates rise with the average speed of traffic. This is probably because the average traffic speed is highly correlated with the design speed of different road classes (and other conditions). (3) The absolute speed deviation of crash-involved vehicles from the average traffic speed appears to be positively related to crash probability, especially for rural arterial highways and Interstate highways. (4) The principal factor that accounts for the effects of speed deviation is the requirement to slow down to make turns and to enter and exit high-speed roads. Still, even when the effects of turning vehicles are removed from the data, some effects of speed deviation, especially at the extreme ends, remain. (5) The disparities in speed of the traffic stream may be positively related to crash probability, especially on Interstate highways. However, the data are not very consistent, and more data are needed. (6) On urban streets there appears to be a strong relationship between crash rates and the absolute speed of crash-involved vehicles. (7) The data demonstrating the relevance of speed dispersion in the traffic stream and speed deviations of crash-involved vehicles are based on correlational effects and therefore cannot be used to indicate that if slow-moving drivers were to increase their speed, their crash probability would be reduced. (8) There are unequivocal data to indicate that the risk of injuries and fatalities increases as a function of precrash speed or Delta-V. This is true for all road types. (9) The overall cost of speed-related crashes is much greater than the relationship between speed and crash probability indicates. This is because high-speed crashes are associated with greater injury levels than are low-speed crashes.


Marketing budget is one of the important components of budget management.Scientific budget management system is necessary for the establishment of modern cooperation governance.Scientific budget management system involves many elements,such as the innovation of budget ideas,the building of the budget-object and making budget technique scientific, etc.Applying the resources optimization model and the task-budget technique to budget management will make the marketing budget more scientific.


In this article,the authors construct a three-dimensional landscape using the 3D GIS software IMAGIS by the way of pre-processing the digital map,constructing the three-dimensional model and projecting the texture.They also deal with the involved problems which may affect the construction of three-dimensional landscape.


This paper develops a dynamic model of retail competition and uses it to study the impact of the expansion of a new national competitor on the structure of urban markets. In order to accommodate substantial heterogeneity (both observed and unobserved) across agents and markets, the paper first develops a general framework for estimating and solving dynamic discrete choice models in continuous time that is computationally light and readily applicable to dynamic games. In the proposed framework, players face a standard dynamic discrete choice problem at decision times that occur stochastically. The resulting stochastic-sequential structure naturally admits the use of CCP methods for estimation and makes it possible to compute counterfactual simulations for relatively high-dimensional games. The model and method are applied to the retail grocery industry, into which Wal-Mart began rapidly expanding in the early 1990s, eventually attaining a dominant position. We find that Wal-Mart's expansion into groceries came mostly at the expense of the large incumbent supermarket chains, rather than the single-store outlets that bore the brunt of its earlier conquest of the broader general merchandise sector. Instead, we find that independent grocers actually thrive when Wal-Mart enters, leading to an overall reduction in market concentration. These competitive effects are strongest in larger markets and those into which Wal-Mart expanded most rapidly, suggesting a diminishing role of scale and a greater emphasis on differentiation in this previously mature industry. Peter Arcidiacono Department of Economics 201A Social Sciences Building Duke University Durham, NC 27708 and NBER email@example.com Patrick Bayer Department of Economics Duke University 213 Social Sciences Durham, NC 27708 and NBER email@example.com Jason R. Blevins Department of Economics Ohio State University Columbus, OH firstname.lastname@example.com Paul B. Ellickson Simon School of Business Administration University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com


Background: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a standard surgical procedure to restore knee stability after ACL rupture. It is typically followed by physical therapy over several months. This pilot study evaluates the effect of additional motor imagery training (MIT) on gait parameters after ACLR.Methods: Nine subjects (55% male) with ACLR were randomly split into intervention and control group. Both groups received standard physical therapy, while the intervention group additionally executed a MIT of 15-20 minutes on five days a week for a total of eight weeks. After eight weeks, gait patterns of all subjects were measured. Kinetics were measured with force plates, kinematics with skin markers and infrared cameras. Kinetic and time/space parameters were calculated in post-processing. Left-right symmetry was evaluated with the absolute symmetry index (ASI). In addition, MIT quality was evaluated through a kinaesthetic and visual imagery questionnaire.Results: No significant differences between study groups were found in kinetic gait parameters (p > 0.05). Relevant asymmetries occurred more frequently in the intervention group but were of no statistical significance. Calculated time distance parameters showed no significant differences as well.Discussion: Results suggest that MIT has no valuable effect on kinetic gait parameters. Less frequent occurrences of relevant asymmetries in the control indicate a potential case against the intervention. These preliminary findings correspond with parts of current literature, stating that MIT after ACLR may not significantly support the outcome of rehabilitation. Further research needs to be conducted on MIT after ACLR to predict its effects more accurately.


Fatigue notch factor is a significant coefficient for fatigue notched strength predication. In this paper the definition and the primary influence of fatigue notch factor are discussed,and some expressions of fatigue notch factor which are recently and commonly used are briefly reviewed.According to their establishments,all the expressions of fatigue notch factor can be classified into three kinds of models:general average stress (AS)model, accepted fracture mechanics (FM) model, and promising stress field intensity (SFI)model. Analysis and comparison among the different models are made based on fatigue mechanism and experimental results. It is found that AS model is a special case of SFI model,FM model based on the no-propagation short crack is suited to the condition with higher stress concentration,and SFI model is the most reasonable and potential one with bright prospect.


Objective
To study the relationship between status of methylation of tumor suppressor candidate 1 gene(TUSC1) promoter and expression of its protein in adolescent papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).

Methods
Forty cases of adolescent PTC were chosen and the corresponding para carcinoma tissues were taken from July 2010 to December 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University surgical specimens of the thyroid gland and were confirmed by pathology.Male 12 cases, female 28 cases, median age 14 (10-18) years old.Tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ 13 cases, Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage 27 cases; grade Ⅰ in 15 cases, grade Ⅱ in 25 cases; lymph node metastasis in 22 cases, 18 cases were negative.Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and Western blot were applied respectively to examine the methyaltion of TUSC1 gene promoter and its protein expression of 40 samples of adolescent PTC and their matched adjacent non-cancerous epithelium.

Results
The results of MSP revealed that there was no methylation of TUSC1 gene promoter in adjacent non-cancerous epithelium, while in the adolescent PTC, the hyper-methylation rate was 60%(24/60 cases, χ2=34.28, P<0.05). In additional, it was related to the TNM stage, pathological grade and lymph node metastasis (χ2=4.862, 7.111, 5.625, all P<0.05). The result of Western blot revealed that the positive expression rate of TUSC1 protein was 100% in adjacent non-cancerous epithelium and 30%(12/40 cases) in adolescent PTC (χ2=14.118, P<0.05), which was related to the TNM stage, pathological grade and lymph node metastasis (χ2=5.215, 6.222, 5.079, all P<0.05). There was distinct correlation between methylation of TUSC1 gene promoter and the protein expression (r=-0.84, P<0.05).

Conclusions
Methylation of promoter might be one of the important mechanisms of inactivation of TUSC1 gene, and might play an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of adolescent PTC.

Key words:
Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Methylation; Adolescent; Tumor suppressor candidate 1 gene


Let M be a closed subset of a Banach space E such that the norms of both E and E* are Fréchet differentiable. It is shown that the distance function d(·, M) is Fréchet differentiable at a point x of E ∼ M if and only if the metric projection onto M exists and is continuous at X. If the norm of E is, moreover, uniformly Gateaux differentiable, then the metric projection is continuous at x provided the distance function is Gateaux differentiable with norm-one derivative. As a corollary, the set M is convex provided the distance function is differentiable at each point of E ∼ M. Examples are presented to show that some of our hypotheses are needed.


The article presented a new nonlinear model of mechanics system and analyzed its theories,emulated and evaluated the circuitry.The result of the evaluation is that the dynamic Caishi circuit provides a new chaos generator to the chaotic communication and the investigation of chaos.


My goal is to summarize our understanding of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) at this interesting moment after the detection of fluctuations in the background and before the next generation of satellite experiments. I begin by listing recent reviews and papers on the spectrum of the CMBR. I then sketch the current theoretical description of the power spectrum of fluctuations in the CMBR. Astronomical foregrounds and the nature of secondary fluctuations are treated next. Then I turn to observations, with special emphasis on the final results of the COBE–DMR experiment, on the growing evidence for Δ T/T = 2–3 × 10 −5 fluctuations at degree scales, and on what they tell us about cosmological parameters.


Linguistic complexity (or: language complexity, complexity in language) is a multifaceted and multidimensional research area that has been booming since the early 2000s. The currently dominant research strand, which takes center stage in the present article, is concerned with structural complexity of entire languages, dialects, and varieties as such (so-called global linguistic complexity) or individual subsystems thereof (local linguistic complexity, as in phonology, inflectional morphology, syntax). In the context of these research lines the issue of how to measure structural complexity has come to play a prominent role, as only consistently applied complexity metrics, both from a purely system- (or langue-) perspective and from a usage- (or parole-/performance-) perspective, allow typological or cross-varietal comparisons. This comparative dimension was indeed the trigger of the renewed interest in linguistic complexity and complexity metrics when in 2001 a heated debate was launched challenging the so-called equi-complexity dogma (or: axiom). Following up on Sapir's vivid analogy that "both simple and complex types of language of an indefinite number of varieties may be found spoken at any desired level of cultural advance" and thus "when it comes to linguistic form, Plato walks with the Macedonian swineherd, Confucius with the head-hunting savage of Assam" (see Sapir 1921, cited under Equi-Complexity Debate), this dogma had been entertained throughout most of the second half of the 20th century and postulated that, structurally speaking, the grammars (i.e., morphology and syntax) of all languages are, on balance, equally complex. The basic idea behind this assumption, which is all it really was (as it had originally been formulated without any systematic comparison or quantitative backing), was that in a comparison of any two languages higher and lower degrees of complexity in different sub-domains of morphological and syntactic structure will ultimately balance each other out. This assumption remained unchallenged throughout the 20th century, almost acquiring (more implicitly than explicitly, though) the status of an established truth, or even dogma. Only with linguistic sub-disciplines like language typology, Creolistics, corpus linguistics or dialectometry gaining full momentum, coupled with the strong quantitative turn since the 1990s, has the equi-complexity axiom come back in the limelight and can be investigated with the sophisticated theoretical and methodological toolkit of 21st-century linguistics. Besides structural (or: absolute) complexity, other major aspects of linguistic complexity and complexity metrics that have been discussed in the research literature of the last twenty years can be lumped together under the heading of user-based (or: relative) complexity. On the one hand, this includes the processing and interpretive efforts the natural language user needs to engage in when assigning meanings and functions to certain structural elements, patterns, and rules (in isolation or in actual usage) of their native or a different language or dialect. On the other hand, there are various lines of complexity research that focus on the learner, both the first-language child learner and, especially, the second or foreign-language adult learner. This take on linguistic complexity (discussed under the heading of learner complexity) is dominant in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) research but prominent, too, in relevant research informed by sociolinguistic and contact-linguistic perspectives. Finally, it is evident that for both structural and user-based complexity there is also research adopting an evolutionary (language change) or developmental (ontogenetic) perspective.


Thirtynine tall fescue varieties introduced from America devided into five types with the aid of cluster analysis have been reprted formerly.Based on which,one was selected as the best representive in each type to test four most important characters including visual quality?density?color and growth speed around the year.It showed that type varieties could be used as multifunctional turf varieties.Type varieties could be use as excellent sportsturf varieties.Type varieties could be overseeded with the purpose to prevent soil erosion.Type varieties could be used as sports truf.Most of type could be introduced to act as a good bifunctional turf varieties.Meanwhile,changes of physiology in different time were also analysed.The results indicated that solutable carbohydrate in leaves was in some extent responsible for adjusting the stressresistence.Changes of rootability around the year could explaing the reasons that tall fescue showed poor in summer,but better in other seasons.It implyed that changes of rootability around the year had a great effect on the performance of tall fescue around the year.


The electronic structure of impurity atoms trapped by metal vacancies and vacancy clusters is examined by analyzing the positron annihilation characteristics. It is shown that the binding energies and lifetimes of positrons attached to impurity-vacancy complexes can provide a measure of the spatial character of electrons.


ABSTRACT Chat reference is fast becoming a standard offering in the suite of reference services academic libraries provide. But much still needs to be learned about the motivations users have for choosing chat services, and what sorts of research they are doing online at the moment that they choose to go to chat reference for help. This study analyzes the results of a user survey that asks what users are doing before they choose chat, why they decided to choose chat, and their overall satisfaction with the service.


In a named data processing system, user ownership and verfication of data records is secured by assigning an unique record name to each data record, providing error checking covering both the data record and its associated record name, storing the data record, its associated record name and check code, and requiring the data record name to be provided in order to initiate a fetch operation. Further, the check code enables upon fetching, a verification that an incorrect data record was not inadvertantly fetched due to hardware or other failures. The association of a unique data name with each data record provides for self-descriptive data records thereby permitting the reconstruction of directories which describe the contents of various actual physical locations within an Input/Output system when such directions are lost or otherwise corrupted by hardware or other malfunctions.


Purpose. A critical issue for psychologists interfacing with the legal system is knowing the extent to which laboratory studies of children' s testimony generalize to eyewitness situations involving criminal events. The present study was designed to assess whether young children' s eyewitness performance following a criminal event would diVer from their performance following a neutral event, an issue that has received little empirical attention to date. Methods. The accuracy and suggestibility of 30 e rst grade children who witnessed a staged event that culminated in a purse theft were compared to that of 30 e rst graders who witnessed the same event, but without the theft. Results. Children who viewed the theft were found to be more accurate on various measures of recall and recognition than children who viewed the neutral event. On the other hand, children who viewed the theft were not always less suggestible than children who witnessed the neutral event.


The upper cavity body of high pressure check valve on compressor outlet was to fracture.Physical and chemical properties of the failure materials were inspected.The results show that the fracture belongs to brittle fatigue fracture.With the help of finite element analysis software ANSYS to analyze the structure,contrasted the calculated results to experimental results,the root cause of the failure was analyzed.It provides guidance for safety and economical operation.


In order to overcome the deficiency that appraised result is subjective and difficultly recurred by assessors,a system to collect and analyze meat smell was developed.According to main odor from meat in storage,five gas sensors were selected.And an array of sensors was constructed.According to structural requirement of meat smell collection,a device for smell collection was designed.By orthogonal experiment,parameters of the device for meat smell collected were optimized.The optimal parameters of the device were fan wind speed of 1.6 m/s,capacity of collecting box of 2 L,position of sensor array of 100 mm.By experiment,resistance ranges of the sensor array were determined.A finite difference-bridge circuit with temperature compensation and anti-interference was designed.A bridge arm resistance was optimized.According to the characteristics of the meat smell,peak value,average value,stabile value,30 s value and peak area were regarded as eigenvalue.Through contrast analysis on methods of pattern recognition,composite GA-RBF(Genetic Algorithm-Radial Basic Function) network was ascertained as the method for meat smell pattern recognition.Experiment results show that the recognition rate of the system is 95%.


Objective:To observe the injury for rabbit portal vein with hepatic arterial embolization by sclerosants and to analyze the possible correlation factor.Methods:60 rabbits were divided into three groups:experiment group 1,experiment group 2,and control group,with 20 rabbits in each group.After intravenous anesthesia by pentobarbital sodium,the catheter was inserted into hepatic artery through femoral artery,and the hepatic arterial embolization was performed under X-ray monitoring.3,5,7 Days after the operation,the abdomen was opened and the tissue of glisson lemma was taken out,part of it was performed HE staining and analyzed with light microscope;part of it was analyzed with electronmicroscope.The statistics analysis was performed using statistics software.Results:In experiment group 1,there were 5 cases appearing portal vein injury with light microscope,6 cases appearing portal vein injury with electronmicroscope.There was significant difference between the experiment group 1 and the control group(P0.05).In experiment group 2,there were 7 cases appearing portal vein injury with light microscope and with electronmicroscope.There was significant difference between the experiment group 2 and the control group(P0.05).But there was no significant difference brtween the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion:It may cause portal vein injury when injecting sclerosants in rabbit hepatic artery with certain pressure,and different sclerosants may cause different degree of injury.


13 Macrofossils of the late Ediacaran Period (~579–539 Ma) document diverse, complex 14 multicellular eukaryotes, including early animals, prior to the Cambrian radiation of metazoan 15 phyla. To investigate causal relationships between environmental perturbations, biotic 16 responses, and early metazoan evolutionary trajectories, it is vital to distinguish between 17 evolutionary and ecological controls on global Ediacaran macrofossil distribution. The 18 contributions of temporal, palaeoenvironmental and lithological factors in shaping observed 19 variation in assemblage taxonomic composition between Ediacaran macrofossil sites are 20 widely discussed, but the role of palaeogeography remains ambiguous. Here we investigate the 21 influence of palaeolatitude on the spatial distribution of Ediacaran macrobiota through the late 22