Positions of lake shoreline ridges are indicative of the fluctuations in lake level and can be used for reconstruction of palaeolake evolution history. Reliable and accurate chronology is necessary for using lake shoreline ridge sediments to infer lake geomorphologic variations. This paper selected the Dahugang( DHG) shoreline ridge of Lake Xingkai( Northeast China) to demonstrate the potential of optically stimulated luminescence( OSL) dating technique in sandy shoreline sediments. Thirteen sedimentary samples were collected from two profiles( DHG1 and DHG2) of DHG shoreline ridge. Using single-aliquot regenerative dose( SAR) procedure,equivalent dose( De) of all samples was measured in small aliquot. The OSL signals of our samples decay very quickly,indicating that the OSL signal is dominated by fast component; preheat plateau tests and dose recovery tests were carried out to select suitable preheat temperature( 220℃) for SAR procedure measurement. We analyzed the distributions of Defor each sample,and compared the Des derived from three models( Mean age model,Central age model,and Minimum age model). The results suggested that the sandy sediments from DHG shoreline ridge were well bleached prior to deposition and they are appropriate for OSL dating. The resultant OSL ages are stratigraphically ordered at each of the profiles of DHG1 and DHG2,and both have shown that the DHG shoreline was likely to be formed during ~ 1. 24-0. 50 ka. Furthermore,the robustness and reliability of our OSL ages are validated by two14 C ages of charcoals. Although our results seem different from previous researches we propose that the DHG shoreline ridge in the Lake Xingkai was formed at around 1. 24-0. 50 ka based on the present OSL dating results.


2 W of single-frequency output at 589 nm was demonstrated using second-harmonic generation of a highly-strained InGaAs quantum well optically-pumped semiconductor laser. The linewidth measurement was limited by the 5-MHz resolution of the equipment.


In recent years, the corporate strategic philosophy that is based on customer demand (referred to as "demand-based view") has been valued by more and more scholars and enterprises as an emerging strategic management theory. This paper reviews theories of demand-based view and strategic transformation, then constructs a mechanism model of strategic transformation process based on this view, and demonstrates the model by case study. It concludes that the successful strategic transformation begins with a deep understanding of customer demand, strategic positioning plays a connecting role in strategic transformation, and that the transformation and reconstruction of corporate value chain is vital to the success of strategic transformation, and it also provides a prospect for future research. 1. Existing Problems In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, along with the rapid development of China's economy, the enterprises that are the basis of the micro economy have made considerable progress. In the context of globalization and technological advancement, Chinese enterprises face various problems and challenges, such as soared factor costs, resource and environmental constraints, low technology content of products and services, and low value-added links in global value chains, making strategic transformation an urgent task. Existing studies mainly explore the driving factors of strategic transformation from the aspects of resources and capabilities, external environment factors, and characteristics and motivation of the management. External environment factors mainly focus on institutional, industrial and technological environments, and there is little discussion on customer demand that drive directly the strategic transformation of companies, and even no exploratory research on the "black box" of the strategic transformation process. In the 21st century, customer demand plays an increasingly important role in corporate management. Consumers have been pushed from outside the value chain into every link of the value chain due to the consumption environment of oversupply, the surge of quality and personalized consumption, and the dis-intermediated development of Internet. Corporate strategic transformation must be based on a profound insight into the customer demand, and then make correct strategic positioning, and enhance their ability of meeting customer demand through the transformation and reconstruction of the value chain, so as to build a core competitive advantage. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the corporate strategic transformation from the perspective of customer demand. This paper studies the mechanism of strategic transformation process from the perspective of demand-based view, and then builds a mechanism model of the process. It also analyzes Haier's strategic transformation process with the aid of this theoretical model. Finally, it sums up the main conclusions and imperfections of this study and the further research direction. 2019 International Conference on Strategic Management (ICSM 2019) Copyright © (2019) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/icsm.2019.042 439 2. Research Review and Model Building 2.1. Connotation and development of demand-based view In recent years, the corporate strategic philosophy based on customer demand (referred to as "demand-based view") has been valued by more and more scholars and enterprises as an emerging strategic management theory. From the early Five Forces Model of Porter to the current dominant resource-based theory and dynamic capabilities perspective, the perspectives of strategic research has undergone a process of transformation from inward to outward. Porter's theory emphasizes industry analysis, and values the unique position of a company in its industry. Resource-based theory focuses on unique, valuable, scarce and inimiTable resources in an enterprise, and the dynamic capabilities perspective highlights the importance of matching internal and external factors in a highly variable environment. It can be said that the dynamic capabilities perspective is based on the resource-based theory. The biggest difference between Porter's theory and resource-based theory lies in their theoretical assumptions essentially. Porter's theory assumes that factor market and product market are constant, so companies can build their competitive advantage only by economy of scale and monopoly, that is, to obtain the monopoly rent. The resource-based theory believes that the product market is constant, while the factor market is different. An enterprise can find and possess unique resources from the factor market, thereby bringing itself values and building its competitive advantage, which in essence is to look for land rent or Ricardian rent. The dynamic capabilities perspective pays more attention to differentiated market demands, and emphasizes that the primary component of dynamic capabilities is the market perception ability. The dynamic capabilities perspective is a supplement to resource-based theory and enterprise demand research to a certain extent. However, the resource-based theory and the dynamic capabilities perspective are too vague to quantify the core concepts, which makes strategic research and strategic practice disconnected. Additionally, the assumption of the resource-based theory that the product market is one-dimensional is unrealistic. If we allow the product market to be multi-dimensional (that is, customer demands are different and diversified) in the theoretical model, there is no sole optimal solution for the resource combination that meets the customer demand. Enterprises need to meet the customer demands through innovation, producing new products and even new industries. From the perspective of diversified customer demands, companies can obtain not only monopoly rent or Ricardian rent, but also Schumpeter rent in the process of continuous innovation . Therefore, the demand-based view assumes the diversification of demand, and believes that enterprises are the carriers of solutions to satisfy customer demand, and that their competitiveness is the process of continuously obtaining Schumpeter's rent on the basis of enhancing customer value. It differs from the resource-based theory in that it introduces customers into the theoretical framework, and emphasizes the exogenous nature of value, shifting the perspective of strategy from outside to inside once again. In recent years, the theoretical system of the demand-based view has been established gradually. Priem et al.combined previous research results, clarified the definition of the demand-based view, looked from the core companies to the downstream to focus on the product market and buyers, so as to explain and predict the management decisions that add value creation in a value system. This definition emphasized that the diversity of customer demand influences the strategic judgment and decision-making of the management. With the development of the demand-based view, the theory has been applied to all levels of strategic management. Ye et al.applied this view to explain the industrial diversification, and verified that customer-centered strategy can create bilateral value for


C ertain shapes, when matched correctly, can form a tiling of the entire plane but only in a non-periodic way. These tilings have a number of remarkable properties, and I shall give here a brief account explaining how these tiles came about and indicating some of their properties. The starting point was the observation that a regular pentagon can be subdivided into six smaller ones, leaving only five slim triangular gaps. This is familiar as part of the usual " net " which folds into a regular dodecahedron, as shown in Figure 1. Imagine now, that this process is repeated a large number of times, where at each stage the pentagons of the figure are subdivided according to the scheme of Figure 1. There will be gaps appearing of varying shapes and we wish to see how best to fill these. At the second stage of subdivision, diamond shaped gaps appear between the pentagons (Figure 2). At the third, these diamonds grow " spikes " , but it is possible to find room, within each such " spiky diamond " , for another pentagon, so that the gap separates into a star (pentagram) and a " paper boat " (or Jester's cap?) as shown in Figure 3. At the next stage, the star and the boat also grow spikes, and, likewise, we can find room for new pentagons within them, the remaining gaps being new stars and boats (as before). These subdivisions are shown in Figure 4. Since no new shapes are now introduced at subsequent stages, we can envisage this subdivision process proceeding indefinitely. At each stage, the scale of the shapes can be expanded outwards so that the new pentagons that arise become the Pentaplexity  Figure 1  Figure 2  Figure 3 First Apollo mission to land of the moon. Number of space-time dimensions in M-theory. 10 Base of our number system. Sum of the first three primes, first four integers and first four factorials.


Diagnosing clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) is a challenge for clinicians due to the lack of classic muscle findings associated with dermatomyositis (DM) and the wide array of clinical presentations depending on the associated antibody subtype. In 2007, Betteridge et al. described a new subtype of CADM associated with Anti-small ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 1(anti-SAE1) antibodies. This subtype of CADM is often recalcitrant to treatment and may be associated with severe cutaneous disease, dysphagia, and interstitial lung disease. To date, few patients with anti-SAE1 DM have been described, and usually in large descriptive cohort studies including all DM subtypes. Thus, it is increasingly important to further describe this rare subtype to solidify cutaneous findings, associated symptoms, and potential therapeutic options. Herein, we describe three patients with anti-SAE1 DM, with one patient presenting with a previously undescribed cutaneous manifestation.


The report is devoted to analysis of one of the paradigm of crime scene investigation. The main principles of new paradigm of crime scene investigation are the following: improvement of new scientific methods, tools and technologies that are used for crime scene investigation matches the tempo of scientific progress: relevant information about the crime scene should be as soon as possible available to the investigators; scientific and trained criminologists and scientists should control crime scene investigation in order to give guarantee that these methods are applied properly, that the data are reliable and the correct interpretation is given for these data. Development paradigm is based on legal system that is evidences lead to conviction of the accused by a court. Me made conclusion that the new paradigm of the investigation of the crime scene investigation based on the following discussion statement: crime scene investigation is the scientific study. Only upon this condition crime scene investigation will be completed successfully and on time.


This paper describes a new technology of suppressing vortex induced vibration. Based on an idea of tubercles at the leading edge of a whale flipper which improve stall characteristics, a new device for reduction of fluctuating lift acting on a riser pipe is developed. As a result, the fluctuating lift acting on the stationary cylinder with the tubercles is reduced by 89% from the normal cylinder. In addition, at a mass damping parameter of 1.3, the maximum amplitude of the cylinder with the tubercles is one sixth as much as that of the normal cylinder.


Intensive Care Units are widely considered as the most technologically advanced environments within a hospital. In such environments, physicians are confronted with multiple medical devices that monitor the inpatients. The capability to collect, store, process, and share inpatient monitoring data along with the remarks of the treating physicians can bring tremendous benefits to all aspects of Intensive Care Medicine (practice, research, education). The IC-Window makes it feasible for physicians to extract, view, store, and replay Clinically Interesting Episodes through simple, intuitive user interfaces.


Chain link fences are a component of almost every perimeter security system, and their use ranges from simply delineating a boundary to supporting sophisticated intrusion detectors. Standard chain link fences provide little delay, and often, fence-mounted sensors can be circumvented by using a lightweight ladder to jump over the fence with minimum fence disturbance. This investigation summarizes the results of approximately four hundred intrusions against several sensor combinations and fences from seven to twelve feet high. Fence climbing delays range from three to twenty seconds, depending on the fence and sensor combination used, and detection probabilities vary from low, in some cases, to very high for one configuration which has never been crossed without an alarm. A perimeter fence/barrier/sensor combination designed to delay and discourage intruders and provide for a high probability of detection is discussed as an end result of the investigation.


This publication describes various forms of catenary assemblies, conductors, insulators, and materials. It provides information about the fundamental diagrams, assemblies, and components, mechanisms and appliances employed during operation of the catenary network. In addition, installation organization and planning, operation, repair, and refurbishing of the catenary network and operation of the energy feeding section are covered. The first chapter on catenary arrangements includes subsections on the suspension network, grounding, protective safety devices, cables, bearings, and feeding and sectioning. Basic mechanisms and assemblies covers locomotives, trolleys, tractors, and service vehicles utilized within the catenary system. Installation layout and supporting arrangements of the chain suspension are discussed. The section on operation and maintenance covers both capital and current repairs. A section on organization and planning of the operation of the energy feeding sections presents electrification and energy economics. Finally, fundamental scientific organization of production and labor is discussed. The book is written in accordance with the technical school program which prepares catenary network electricians, and may also be useful to students of the higher educational institutions, and the railroad transport technical schools. In addition, the book might be utilized by all workers concerned with the installation, operation, and maintenance of alternating and direct current catenary networks.


SUMMARY A palaeomagnetic and rock-magnetic investigation has been carried out on a Pliocene lava flow sequence in the Djavakheti Highland in the central Lesser Caucasus in the Republic of Georgia. In addition, a 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating and electronic microscopic studies were performed on samples of this sequence, named the Saro section, which consists of 39 successive lava flows of doleritic basalts. A characteristic magnetization could be isolated in all studied 39 flows,yielding reverse-polarity directions inall cases,amean directionD =202.2 ◦ ,I =–60.6 ◦ (N = 39, α95 = 2.0 ◦ , k = 138) being obtained. Thermomagnetic experiments (strong-field versus temperature curves) suggested low-Ti titanomagnetites and low Curie-temperature titanomagnetites with a rather high titanium content (x ≈ 0.5–0.7) as the main carriers of remanence. Their domain structure is characterized by a mixture of single- and multidomain grains. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating yielded an age of 1.73 ± 0.03 Ma, interpreted as the eruption age of the uppermost lava flow of the sequence. Analysis of palaeomagnetic results and radiometric data from the present and a previous study allows two different explanations about the time of emplacement of the section: (i) The lower 36 flows of the sequence might have been emitted between the normal-polarity Reunion and Olduvai chrons, and the upper three flows after the Olduvai chron, with a long hiatus in volcanic activity of more than 150 kyr or (ii) The whole sequence has been emitted between 1.778 and 1.73 ± 0.03 Ma, after the Olduvai chron. Comparison of the palaeomagnetic results obtained in this study with the expected direction shows that while inclination values agree well, declination shows an eastward deviation of 19.2 ◦ ± 5.8 ◦ . This discrepancy can be explained with a clockwise vertical-axis rotation of the sequence, which might have been produced by extensional structures with strike-slip component, which can be found in the study area. Virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) scatter recorded in the sequence is somewhat lower than expected. To analyse this behaviour, VGP scatter of the sequence was first calculated with respect to the palaeomagnetic pole obtained from the Fisher mean of all VGPs. Then it was calculated with respect to the appropriate Eurasian palaeomagnetic pole from VGPs obtained after applying a 19.2 ◦ counter-clockwise rotation of the sequence (i.e. undoing the observed vertical axis rotation). The observed scatter with both independent methods appeared to be very similar, allowing the deduction that


Computer programs for large systems of normal equations, an interactive digital signal process, structural analysis of cylindrical thrust chambers, swirling turbulent axisymmetric recirculating flows in practical isothermal combustor geometrics, computation of three dimensional combustor performance, a thermal radiation analysis system, transient response analysis, and a software design analysis are summarized.


A complete life cycle study of Nocardia species has not yet been made. One reason for this is that these organisms are difficult to study cytologically because of their small size. Hyphae of actinomycetes are around 1 micron in diameter, although mycelial development may be quite extensive. The problem of variation in actinomycetes (Streptom yces species especially) has received a great deal of attention. So far no one has been able to explain the exact nature of this variation or to study it from a genetical point of view because of the lack of a complete life cycle cytological study. The importance of such studies was recently emphasized by Jones (1954) who said, "The organism must be better understood before we can make any headway in comprehending variability in Streptomyces. First and foremost an intensive cytological study is needed to give whatever direct information modern techniques can reveal on the finer structure of filaments and spores. Researches on developmental morphology will be of almost equal importance as the whole question of a two-phase life cycle must be settled one way or another. If definite nuclei exist, it may be possible to explore their genetical constitution by the production of heterocaryons through hyphal anastomoses". The problem of variation in Nocardia species, closely related to Streptomyces species, has not received much attention due to the relative unimportance of the former to man. Life cycle and cytological studies have similarly been neglected. The author (1950) studied the cytology of Nocardia species by means of lightand electron-microscopy and microchemical tests and discovered the presence of two different particulate structures in the cytoplasm, but was unable to demonstrate their exact nature. In hyphae grown on medium without nitrogen, internal structure became very clear in electron microscopic studies (figs. 63 and 64). Two kinds of particulate structures were present of different natures which alternated in filaments. A positive Feulgen reaction, generally considered to be the sine qua non for proof of nuclei was not demonstrated. The presence of fat, and carbohydrate-like bodies in the cytoplasm was shown, and no particles possessed the solubilities of volutin. Although the presence of nuclei was not proved in these experiments, strong cytological evidence was presented for their occurrence. Morris (1951) studied the cytology


A hybrid-mode analysis of coplanar transmission lines on lomils alumina substrate with lossy back metallization is presented. A self-consistent approach is used together with the method of lines (MOL) to determine the propagation constant, losses and field distribution considering finite metallization thickness and conductor losses. Results are given for the fundamental and first two higher-order modes. It is demonstrated that the onset of higher order modes limits the frequency range of conductor backed CPWs.The method presented is general and can be used in the analysis of Miniature Hybrid MIC's (MHMIC) and MMIC's and can include also semiconductor losses.


The detailed kinetic analysis of slow pyrolysis process of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernal shells has been estimated, under non-isothermal conditions, through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG). Thermal decomposition was implemented using four different heating rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 °C min), with consideration of how this parameter effects on the process kinetics. The higher heating rates provoke the shift of thermo-analytical curves towards more elevated temperatures. Using isoconversional differential method, the variation of activation energy (Ea) with conversion fraction (α) was detected, and pyrolysis reaction profile was discussed. After resolving the pyrolysis rate curves of individual biomass constituents, the temperature and conversion ranges of their thermal transformations were clearly identified. In the latter stage of analysis, every identified reaction step was considered through mechanistic description, which involves selection of the appropriate kinetic model function. The comparison of the results as well as discrepancies between them has been discussed. The corresponding rate-law equations related to thermal decomposition reactions of all biomass constituents present in the tested agricultural waste material have been identified.


The phosphatidate formed by glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase present in a particulate fraction from E. coli remained associated with the particulate material and was converted to phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol by other enzymes contained in the particulate fraction. Those enzymes required a heat-labile factor for the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and a heat-stable factor for the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol. Both of these phospholipids like their precursor remained bound to the particulate fraction.


As we know the store of fossil fuels falling throughout the world and demands for energy based relaxations and mobility ever increasing, so there is a necessity to raise biodiesel production. Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel prepared from renewable resources and is most popular as because it is non-toxic and biodegradable. India has great possibilityfor production of biodiesel from non-edible oils.Performance Evaluation of single and multi-cylinder CI engine using neat nonedible vegetable oil, blended oil with diesel, methyl ester of oil, and blended bio-diesel with diesel is done by various researchers. In the present paper attempt is made to outline the research work done on non-edible oil obtained from Karanj, Jatropha, Mahua and Neem and its performance in CI engine. Moreover, notable work had been done to improve the yield of bio-diesel by varying critical parameter of esterification process. If the developed process is ascended up to commercial levels then brilliant business opportunity will be offered by the biodiesel and it could be a major step towards the creation of an eco-friendly transportation fuel that is relatively clean on combustion and provides farmers with substantial income. KeywordsBio-diesel, Non edible oils, trans-esterification,CI Engine, Blend, Methyl Ester


Hunsruckisch is one of the most widely spoken immigration languages in Brazil, having already become official in two Brazilian cities (Antonio Carlos, in Santa Catarina, and Santa Maria do Herval, in Rio Grande do Sul). In general, therefore, some actions in the field of linguistic policies and linguistic rights have been taken, in order to promote the respect towards the linguistic and cultural diversity of the contact regions Hunsruckisch-Portuguese. Among these actions are some research projects that investigate both the language practices and the attitudes present in these regions, seeking to collaborate in maintaining the language and the identity that were inherited from the immigrants. Thus, the present article brings some results of a research carried out in two schools of different Hunsruckisch speaking communities, whose purpose was to use linguistic awareness to arouse sensibility and respect to different varieties. The aim of this work was to identify ways that contribute to the development of positive attitudes towards the linguistic diversity (including, in this case, minority languages), thinking the foundations for a didactics of multilingualism, that use local languages and culture in order to rich other languages of interest. --- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n42a898


The dichotomous classification of serial killers into either Organized or Disorganized is widely cited and utilized. Yet only one, small-scale, empirical test of such a model can be found in the scientific literature and that study is open to a number of serious challenges. Despite many obvious weaknesses in the clarity and reliability of this typology it is commonly cited as a basis for the production of 'offender profiles' to help police investigations and has, on occasion, formed the foundation of some prosecution arguments in murder trials. Murder scene information, available from law enforcement agencies provides the potential for systematic analysis that can be used to test the assumptions underlying the organized/disorganized dichotomy. Well-established psychometric procedures provide a basis for testing the model by examining the underlying structure within the co-occurrence of those crime scene actions proposed as crucial constituents of the model. As a first step in testing this model the patterns of co-occurrence of 39 aspects of serial killings were identified from the crime scenes of 100 murders committed by 100 US serial killers. This information was subject to a multidimensional scaling procedure that examined the cooccurrence of every one of the 39 aspects with every other. This analysis revealed that there are no discrete sub-sets of offence characteristics that can be regarded as distinctly related to the organization or disorganization of the killings. Instead there appears to be a sub-set of organized features typical of most serial killings with disorganized features being much more rare and not cooccurring as a distinct type. The general implications for testing typologies offered to support expert opinion and to develop our understanding of crime are discussed.


Adverse events after paraesophageal hernia repair (PEHR), including persistent dysphagia, acute and delayed recurrence, and gastroesophageal perforation, can present complex management challenges. Medical, endoscopic and surgical treatments may be used, but descriptions of when to employ these options and how to choose a surgical approach (e.g. open vs laparoscopic, transabdominal vs transthoracic), are limited. We sought to review the treatment and outcome for complex adverse events after PEHR.

 All patients undergoing primary (elective or emergency) and revisional repair of PEH at a high volume specialized referral center were identified. Demographic data, operative details and outcomes were verified by chart review. Extracted data included patient characteristics, incidence of adverse events, and diagnostic and management strategies. Details of endoscopic and surgical interventions for complex recurrences were tabulated.

 369 patients with PEHR were identified from 2012-19. Most (345:94%) underwent the index PEHR at our centre, with 24(6%) referred from other institutions for management of adverse events. Post-operative dysphagia requiring invasive intervention occurred in 27(7.3%), and 23(6.2%) required re-operation (19 laparoscopically). Gastric or esophageal perforations diagnosed post-operatively occurred in 11(3.0%), of which 8(72.7%) required emergency reoperation (1 laparoscopic, 2 laparotomy, 2 thoracotomy and 3 by combined abdominal/thoracic approach). Of 69 recurrences, 11 presented with incarceration requiring emergency surgery (8 repaired laparoscopically, 2 converted to laparotomy, and 2 required combined laparotomy/thoracotomy). One perioperative death occurred in this series.

 Complex adverse events after PEH repair comprise a unique challenge given the wide variety of management options. When faced with these challenges, one should consider utilizing a customized surgical approach that varies with patient condition, anatomical characteristics of the complication and surgeon preference.


A process for improving the stability of emulsion features that the hydroxy polyether molecule as emulsifier is chemically modified to form terminated polyether. Said emulsion is composed of oil phase including high-grade emtrol, high-grade fatty acid, and their derivatives, terminated polyether as emulsifier, dispersing medium (water) and stabilizer.


temperature measurement instrument is based on thermocouple, with AT89C51 single chip as kernel. Dedicated chip max6675K for cold junction compensation of thermocouple is adopted to perform cold junction compensation to K-type thermocouple and to perform amplification, AD conversion and digital processing to input signal from Tand T+ end of K-type thermocouple. It is transmitted to single chip by passing through spi serial port. Convert into ROM address after operation processing of single chip. Practical temperature value will be calculated by twice table-finding method and relevant procedure will be called to transmit the temperature value to 4 common-anode LED nixie tube display or outrange alarm. Software of temperature instrument of this thermocouple is compiled with C language and modular construction design is adopted.


In a pointer instrument (1) having a pointer shaft (12) that deflects a pointer flag (10), the pointer flag (10) can be illuminated by means of a light source (14). For this purpose, the light source (14) is formed, for example, as a light-emitting polymer (13), which is applied between the pointer flag (10), which is formed at the same time as an electrode, and a further, transparent electrode (15), and emits light of any desired coloration under appropriate electrical excitation. The pointer flag (10) can assume any desired shape as the result of using such a light source (14) that can be shaped. In particular, multiple curvatures can be represented without differences in brightness occurring in this case.


This paper describes the integration of high resolution digital elevation models, currently acquired by the administration of BadenWürttemberg, a state in Germany, in two example 3D GIS applications of the Environmental Information System (UIS) of BadenWürttemberg. The combination of the high resolution DEM with the area-wide data acquisition in Baden-Württemberg leads to a great amount of data, which needs to be handled. Thus the paper starts with a discussion about the data handling. The paper describes techniques for the preprocessing of the data as a prerequisite for the management of the data with the raster tiling approach in the database. The next part of the paper concentrates on techniques for the visualization of the data in a GIS system. These techniques are used in both example applications, discussed in the following part of the paper. Both examples show the successful integration of high resolution digital elevation models into 3D GIS applications.


Passive Snubber Types The basic function of a snubber is to absorb energy from the reactances in the power circuit. The fIrst classification of snubber circuits is whether they absorb energy in controlling a voltage or a current. A capacitor placed in parallel with other circuit elements will control the voltage across those elements. An inductor placed in series with other circuit elements will control the current through those elements. Figure I shows this concept. A voltage snubber (Fig. la) has energy storage capacitors in it and a current snubber (Fig. Ib) has inductors for energy storage. The networks associated with the inductor and capacitor shown in Figure I determine how energy is passed to the storage element and how the energy is removed from it All of the other classifications of snubberg relate to the ways in which the energy is transferred to and from the snubber. If the energy stored in the snubber is dissipated in a resistor the snubber is classed as dissipative but if the energy is moved back to the input or ahead to the output the snubber is classed as non-dissipative even though there may be some small losses. A snubber is classed as polarized or non-polarized depending on Introduction Snubbers are an essential part of power electronics. Snubbers are small networks of parts in the power switching circuits whose function is to control the effects of circuit reactances. Snubbers enhance the performance of the switching circuits and result in higher reliability, higher efficiency, higher switching frequency, smaller size, lower weight, and lower EMI. The basic intent of a snubber is to absorb energy from the reactive elements in the circuit. The benefits of this may include circuit damping, controlling the rate of change of voltage or current, or clamping voltage overshoot. In performing these functions a snubber limits the amount of stress which the switch must endure and this increases the reliability of the switch. When a snubber is properly designed and implemented the switch will have lower average power dissipation, much lower peak power dissipation, lower peak operating voltage and lower peak operating current. This article describes some of the various types of snubbers, where they are used, how they function, how they are designed and what their limitations are. Snubbers may be either passive or active networks. This article is limited to the main types of passive snubbers. Passive snubber network elements are limited to resistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes. Active snubbers include transistors or other active switches, often entail a significant amount of extra circuitry and introduce another level of parasitics which must be dealt with (usually with a passive snubber). However, active snubbers are appropriate in some applications. A good example of an active snub is what you would like to say to your boss when he or she decides not to give you a raise. Fig. lb


The article highlights creation process and content of reference books and itineraries in Russia in the middle of XIX century at the beginning of XX century. Review of such kind of sources is presented. Author's research refers to examples of the most valuable works of such kind. Valuable details about position of public education, development of elementary and secondary school are considered in these works.


Abstract This research aims to analyze studies that have investigated the effects of teacher empowerment on job satisfaction. From the results obtained from the meta-analytic structural equation modeling of 11 studies (N = 19,462), it has been found that the teacher empowerment model and job satisfaction are meaningfully correlated. The findings have also revealed that decision-making and self-efficacy among teachers had a significant impact on job satisfaction, followed by professional growth. Conversely, autonomy, impact, and status among teachers were negatively linked to job satisfaction. The findings confirm the significant effects of teacher empowerment on job satisfaction.


Australian irrigators are under considerable pressure to increase irrigation efficiency and reduce deep drainage, driven by environmental and economic imperatives. Capacitance probe sensors are relatively cheap and popular electromagnetic equipment to measure soil water content. A field experiment was performed with capacitance probe in Mallee area of Australia, to collect the water content dynamics and deep percolation below of root zone. A relationship between these multi-sensor probes and estimates of deep percolation calculated using the Darcy's flux equation. Two empirical models of water retention curve were compared to illuminate the importance of water retention curve in deep percolation. The deep percolation estimate shows considerable daily and seasonal variations of drainage rate.


Let x: M → Em be an immersion of finite type. In this paper we study the following two problems: (1) When is the spectral decomposition ofthe immersion x linearly independent? (2) When is the spectral decomposition orthogonal? Several results in this respect were obtained.


Abstract : Agglutination tests of 509 blood samples from healthy persons and from patients suffering from other illnesses for the presence of Past. pseudotuberculosis antibodies led in only nine cases to finding low titres, the specificity of which in the majority of cases could be established by absorption tests. The incidence of such infection can accordingly be characterized as very low. As an interesting side result, one sure case of Past. pseudotuberculosis illness was found, caused by Type V, and also one probable Past. pseudotuberculosis infection which clinically ran a septicemic-typhous course.


The paper by Di Biagio et al. presents a new dataset of complex refractive indices and single scattering albedo (SSA) at 7 wavelengths in the shortwave range for dust aerosols generated from 19 soil samples collected from the 8 more prominent dust emission regions on Earth. The dataset was derived after resuspending dust into a smog chamber and measuring its spectral scattering and absorption coefficients and size distribution. The complex refractive index was estimated by Mie calculations combining the optical and size data, and the SSA was derived directly from the scattering C1


In 1945, when Indonesia declared its independence from the colonial regime of the Netherlands, only one Indonesian in twenty could read and write (Napitupulu 1980). Just 35 years later, in 1980, almost three-quarters of the Indonesian population aged ten years or older were literate (Nababan 1983). This paper will examine the sociolinguistic and historical context in which this dramatic increase in literacy has occurred, focusing in particular on the crucial role played by Bahasa Indonesia, the national language. Current efforts to extend literacy further among the population through non-formal education programs and to expand reading and writing skills in the school system will also be discussed.


The use of biofuel has been researched and announced by scientists to bring benefits in terms of environmental protection. However, studies continue to be conducted to achieve stable results and confirm biofuels as an effective alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. In this study, the fuel used is biodiesel derived from fish oil and conventional diesel fuel. Specifically, the test fuel is conventional diesel mixed with fish oil biodiesel in different ratios, including B0, B10, B20, B30, B40, and B50 (respectively 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% 40%, and 50% biodiesel in the mixture). Research was carried out by both simulation (from B0 to B50) and experiment (from B0 to B30) on a single cylinder common rail diesel engine. Test modes were at 25%, 50%, and 75% load respectively at maximum torque (at 1400 revolutions per minute (rpm)) and minimum fuel consumption (at 2200 rpm). Compared with B0, the average reduction in brake power of the biodiesel decreased relative to the proportion of biodiesel in the fuel mixture. Specific fuel consumption of the brakes (BSFC) and NOx emissions increased with decreasing emissions of smoke, hydrocarbon (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions when the biodiesel ratio increased.


Thermally-stratified air layers over solar-heated ground are exploited for power generation by the deliberate formation and anchoring of intense buoyancy-induced vertical columnar vortices, similar to naturally-occurring desert "dust devils." In hot-climate regions, these buoyancy-driven columnar vortices occur spontaneously with core diameters of 1-50 m at the surface and heights up to one km, and convert the low-grade heat in the air layer over the warm surface into "concentrated wind" with significant angular and axial momenta. Unlike the "dust devil" vortex which is typically free to wander laterally and is therefore susceptible to cross wind, the anchored columnar vortex is deliberately triggered within a cylindrical domain bounded by an azimuthal array of stationary, ground-mounted vertical vanes and is sustained by continuous entrainment of the ground-heated heated air through these vanes. Electrical power is generated by using the rotational and vertical air motions induced by the stationary vortex to drive a vertical-axis wind turbine coupled to an electric generator thus providing a low-cost, scalable, and sustainable approach for generation of electric power from vast amounts of solar-heated air in arid regions. Meter-scale laboratory experiments have demonstrated the nucleation and sustainment of strong, buoyancy-driven vortices above a controlled thermal ground plane. The present investigation focuses on the fundamental mechanisms of the formation, evolution, and dynamics of the columnar vortex using stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) with particular emphasis on scaling and strength of theses vortices which can be significantly altered by adjustment of the flow vanes and the sensible heat absorbed by the air flow or its"buoyancy flux". Recent outdoor tests of a meter-scale prototype coupled with a simple vertical axis turbine and placed on a surface that is directly heated by solar radiation have demonstrated continuous rotation of the turbine with significant extraction of kinetic energy from the columnar vortex in the absence and presence of cross wind.


A small amount of malicious logs is confusing and unbalanced for a large number of normal logs. We proposed a framework of network threats sample based on Generative Adversarial Networks(GAN). This paper solves the imbalance problem of multidimensional sample data such as logs, traffic, programs, and feature spaces in the field of cyberspace security by generating confrontation networks. We carried out a large-scale confrontation generation experiment of security event logs based on SeqGAN and generated corresponding log text for data enhancement, which effectively solve the problem of few-shot. The results in this section show that the use of the AC-GAN augmentation dataset is enhanced compared to the original non-equilibrium dataset using the artificial synthesis of the SMOTE dataset Network traffic data set to improve the performance of supervised learning classification. It has inestimable effects on threat detection, various types of offensive to defensive, and cryptography algorithms.


Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally occurring, relatively short (12 to 100 amino acids), positively charged (net charge of +2 to +9), amphiphilic peptide molecules. Antimicrobial peptides are a promising candidate for treatment of diseases caused by pathogenic microbes viz. bacteria, fungi, and viruses (Boman et al., 1995). The key mechanism of action of AMPs is disruption of bacterial membrane by adopting some cationic and amphipathic structure. This membrane acting mechanism involves physicochemical interaction between the peptide and bacterial membrane, formation of peptide quaternary structure and insertion into bacterial membrane and formation of transmembrane pores which ultimately results in membrane permeabilization. AMPs have been isolated from almost all forms of life, including singlecelled microorganisms, insects and other International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 11 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


In anthropology, there has been concern with mediating figures--African griots, hunters, and smiths/artisans--and other ritual specialists, who tread across natural and cultural boundaries, and negotiate different social interests. There has also been concern with traditional healers and alternative medical systems--for example, herbalism and midwifery--and their cultural survival in confronting established medicine, official religion, and nation-state politics. This article examines the role of herbal medicine women among the Tuareg, a seminomadic, socially stratified, Islamic people in the Republic of Niger, West Africa. Contemporary descent and inheritance forms include pre-Islamic matrilineal influences alongside the patrilineal influences of Islam. Of particular interest here is the relationship between herbal medicine women and Islamic scholars, with whom they work closely in their healing specialties, as mediators and facilitators. I show how herbal medicine women, in their herbal and psychosocial healing of women's gynecological and marital problems, negotiate wider contradictions and conflicts in Tuareg society. I argue that, in order to avoid challenging male Islamic authorities, women herbalists/healers must keep a low profile and accept a specialized niche. They negotiate, but also transform and reinterpret, a series of dynamic, contested spheres in Tuareg culture and society. I examine how far these roles result in medicine women's own marginalization and also sometimes compromise the interests of Tuareg women in disputed issues of fertility, descent, relatedness, and ownership. I conclude by discussing the implications of medicine women's strategic preservation of their roles for the future of Tuareg herbal healing and its predominantly female clientele.


The electrochemical polymerization of Brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) at the carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) and the electrochemical properties of resulting films are investigated in cyclic voltammogram (CV). The modified electrode shows a catalytic ability to the voltammetric response of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA). The catalytic peak currents are linearly related to both DA and AA concentrations in the ranges of 7.0×10 -5 mol/L~1.0×10 -3 mol/L and 2.0×10 -5 mol/L~1.3×10 -3 mol/L, respectively. In addition, the difference of the catalytic peak potentials of DA and AA reaches to 250mV. The mutual interference of DA and AA can be avoided so that the electrode can be used as probes to determine DA and AA simultaneously. The recovery of detected DA injection is 96.7%~101.3%. More importantly, this analytical process can be performed without deaeration,it is an indispensable condition for in vivo studies.


Introduction: Myostatin (MSTN) is a secreted regulator of skeletal muscle growth recently recognized to increase in cardiac pathologies. MSTN inhibits the pro-survival kinase, Akt, and MSTN-null mice are protected against aging-related cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. We hypothesized that increased cardiac MSTN is maladaptive and tested whether RAP-031, a murine analog of MSTN inhibitor (ACE-031) currently in clinical trials for skeletal muscle disease, could mitigate cardiac dysfunction after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Methods: To see if RAP-031 could prevent cardiac dysfunction, wild-type (WT) FVB mice were randomized to RAP-031 (10mg/kg SQ, 2x/week) or vehicle. After 1 week, groups were further randomized to TAC (27G needle) or sham operation (N=5–7). Body weight, body composition by MRI, and cardiac function were followed for 12 weeks. To evaluate if RAP-031 could treat cardiac dysfunction, WT mice underwent TAC and when fractional shortening (FS) was ≥2STD below baseline were randomized t...


In a majority of the existing research on entrepreneurship start-up, the three primary enjoy barriers of 'cost', 'time', and 'procedures' were analysed. Thus, we examine whether country differences in these start-up barriers existing in 2003 have been reduced by 2015. We deploy Sigma and Gamma convergence methods to answer these questions for 132 countries. Results indicate that all three barriers are converging toward dispersion reduction and catch-up process at the annual rates ranging from −3.37% to −0.49%. Also, speeds of convergence vary significantly by the subgroups of countries by incomes and regions. Implications of these findings will be discussed.


Abstract : Existing conditions for locally optimizing a periodic process with free period are corrected, extended, and clarified using the strong properties of the Hamiltonian structure of the Optimal Periodic Control (OPC) Problem and the relationships of the second variation that result from the problem's periodicity constraints. A neighboring optimum feedback controller is determined which regulates all perturbations back to the locally minimizing periodic trajectory. This periodic regulator extends many of the concepts of the time invariant regulator. An illustrative problem is constructed to demonstrate the basic characteristics of this class of problem. A relatively comprehensive numerical investigation is conducted identifying a multiplicity of extremal solutions which are shown to form one-parameter families of solutions to the OPC. Bifurcation points, which define the critical periodic solutions common to intersecting families, are computed. Extremal solutions, satisfying all first order conditions, are tested for local sufficiency conditions by verifying the existence of the Ricatti' variable over one full period. The neighboring optimal feedback control law for a locally minimizing solution is tested by demonstrating the limit cycle behavior that results from perturbations to the initial conditions in a closed loop application. An asymptotic series expansion is derived for the illustrative problem using a perturbation technique.


SOUND ADMINISTRATION of the federal income tax laws requires that a definitive standard or set of rules be set forth as to when a taxpayer who has received payments for services to be rendered in a future tax period must report income from such a transaction. To date, no such definitive standard is present, as testified to by recent contrasting decisions emanating from the federal appellate and lower courts. Although the subject has been frequently discussed by commentators,' it is believer that a re-examination of the problem from a fundamental viewpoint will help to clarify the issues. The article further makes recommendations for a workable and practical resolution of the problem, consistent with the interests of taxpayers and the Treasury alike.


In the view of the particles holography,the resolution and the size of holography film is discussed.The image principle of sensitization about holography film is analyzed.The effect of Gaussian beam distribution and the exposure amount on the recording and reconstruction is studied and the experimental results are obtained.The characteristic curves of three kinds of selected holography film are measured in the same process flow of bathe film.The most suitable exposure of SY-2 film is(180μJ/cm~2) for in-line particles holography.


Abstract Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) is widely distributed in Sudan where outbreaks occur on an annual basis especially during the winter months (December‐February). This study aimed to increase our understanding of the epidemiological patterns of FMD in Sudan and connections to neighbouring countries by characterizing the genetic sequences of FMD viruses (FMDV) collected from samples collected in 10 Sudanese states over a 10‐year period (between 2009 and 2018). FMDV was detected in 91 of the 265 samples using an antigen‐detection ELISA. Three serotypes were detected: O (46.2%), A (34.0%), and SAT 2 (19.8%). Fifty‐two of these samples were submitted for sequence analyses, generating sequences that were characterized as belonging to O/EA‐3 (n = 17), A/AFRICA/G‐IV (n = 23) and SAT 2/VII/Alx‐12 (n = 12) viral lineages. Phylogenetic analyses provided evidence that FMDV lineages were maintained within Sudan, and also highlighted epidemiological connections to FMD outbreaks reported in neighbouring countries in East and North Africa (such as Ethiopia and Egypt). This study motivates continued FMD surveillance in Sudan to monitor the circulating viral lineages and broader initiatives to improve our understanding of the epidemiological risks in the region.


We present a relativistic chiral effective theory for symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter taken in the Hartree-Fock scheme. The nuclear binding is ensured by a background chiral invariant scalar field associated with the radial fluctuations of the chiral quark condensate. Nuclear matter saturation is obtained once the scalar response of the nucleon-generating three-body repulsive forces is incorporated. For those parameters related to the scalar sector and quark confinement mechanism inside the nucleon we make use of an analysis of lattice results on nucleon mass evolution with quark mass. The other parameters are constrained as much as possible by standard hadron and nuclear phenomenology. Special attention is paid to the treatment of the propagation of the scalar fluctuations. The rearrangement terms associated with in-medium modified mass and coupling constants are explicitly included to satisfy the Hugenholtz-Van Hove theorem. We point out the important role of the tensor piece of the rho exchange Fock term to reproduce the asymmetry energy of nuclear matter. We also discuss the isospin dependence of the Landau nucleon effective mass.


ABSTRACT This study evaluates the impact of Memorable Tourism Experiences (MTEs) on destination satisfaction, revisit intentions, and tourists' positive word-of-mouth in the Iranian eco-tourism context. The sample consists of 389 Iranian tourists who travelled to two eco-tourism destinations: Deylaman and Rig-e-Jen. We analysed our data using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS–SEM). Nearly all MTE dimensions influenced destination satisfaction. Destination satisfaction mediated the relationship between MTEs, positive word-of-mouth, and revisit intentions. However, we could not find support for local culture in both mediation and direct impact. Our research is the first to apply MTE to eco-tourism in Iran.


I argue in this essay that the aspects of criminal procedure treated with the greatest skepticism by academics and the popular press-prosecutorial discretion, plea bargaining, and sentencing discretion'-may be understood as elements of a well-functioning market system. These three parts of the criminal justice system set the "price" of crime, and they set it in the traditional market fashion. Proposals to restrict the actors' discretion in criminal procedure produce effects similar to forms of commandand-control regulation of the economy. We usually identify as a market a system in which actors' transactions are limited by their endowments of resources and by legal rules that enforce deals once struck and prevent them from having severe effects on third parties. If transactions costs are not too high, the system yields efficient results in the sense that further moves cannot improve anyone's lot without making someone else worse off. By contrast, in a regulatory system people may trade only on terms, or at times, laid down by third parties. Trading under regulation leads to an efficient result only if the regulator has set the same price that parties would have reached in their own bargaining. Regulatory and market methods blur at the edges, and at


AIM To investigate the effect of constant magnetic field (CMF) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups,6 rats each group,sham operation group,IRI group,50 mT CMF intervention group and 100 mT CMF intervention group. The rats were anesthetized and then underwent 40 min of myocardial ischemia and 4 h of reperfusion. The infarct size was assessed by Evans' blue and TTC staining. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL method and the level of serum cardiac troponin I (cTn I) was detected by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. The level of sera creatine kinase (CK) was determined by automatic biochemistry analyzer. RESULTS The ratio of infarct size to area at risk (IS/AAR) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis indexes decreased following intervention with 50 mT or 100 mT CMF,which were significantly smaller than those in IRI group (P0.05). The levels of serum CK and cTnI in IRI group were significantly higher than those in sham operation group (P0.05),whereas the levels of serum CK and cTnI in 50 mT or 100 mT CMF intervention group were significantly lower than those in IRI group (P0.05). CONCLUSION Intervention with CMF protects the heart against IRI.


The large consumption of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) for the treatment of influenza virus infections places Japan at risk of becoming the epicenter of the global spread of NAI‐resistant viruses.


Close relation of the research and industrial processes, educational, scientific and manufacturing establishments in Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar of Germany allowing developing innovation economy with universal importance has been shown. The conclusion was drawn that the experience of cluster-based policy in Rhein-Neckar innovation field may be urgent for technical-development area of Tomsk region. The latter uses scientific potential of the region and the latest business advances in developing four priority technological clusters.


Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] crops are globally one of the important commercial crops grown predominantly on acidic soils, a natural ally in form of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The present study was carried out to characterize AMF-diversity in roots and rhizosphere of 20-yr-old Camellia sinensis cv. Yichang Dayecha grown in Xingshan, Hubei, China. Small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) was used to identify the diversity. Tea roots were colonized by native AMF species, with 32.71±3.50% of root mycorrhizal colonization. As many 163 and 177 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed in the clone library of rhizosphere soils and roots respectively, suggesting that roots inhabited more AMF species than rhizosphere soils, with as many 111 OUTs overlapped between them. There were only Glomus species and Claroideoglomus / Glomus predominantly observed in roots and rhizosphere soils, respectively, with Glomus Glo20 having highest relative abundance in rhizosphere (>75%) and roots (>25%). Soil and root samples were grouped with the high taxonomic similarity, indicating good group diversity in AMF associated with tea crops.


Natto, a Japanese soybean food fermented by Bacillus subtilis (natto), are often spoiled by bacteriophages. The contamination of natto by phages causes a rapid loss of viscosity of poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA), which is a key factor affecting the quality of natto. B. subtilis (natto) phages were classified into 2 groups (I and II), based on the homology of their genomic DNA. A phage JNDMP (Group I) has a head (diameter, 60 nm) and a flexible tail (7 × 200 nm) and requires magnesium ions for propagation. JNDMP was found to be a generalized transducing phage. A virulent phage ONPA (Group II) has a head (diameter, 89 nm) and a contractile tail (9 × 200 nm) with a sheath (width, 23 nm) and requires no additional magnesium ions for propagation. The loss of PGA due to contamination of the phages is attributed to a PGA hydrolase, PghP, coded in the phage genome. The enzyme hydrolyzes PGA to oligomers via an endopeptidase-type action and rapidly reduces the PGA viscosity. These days, although contamination of natto with phages is relatively infrequent, phages still exist on the floors of factories. Controlling them via thorough cleaning of factories and hygiene education for workers seem to be the most important solutions. Discipline: Food Additional key words: contamination, fermentation, hygiene, poly-γ-glutamic acid, soybean *Corresponding author: e-mail email@example.com Received 20 October 2011; accepted 17 February 2012.


Along with Java technology progress, the superiority of J2EE 5.0 is gradualy appearing. Furthermore the invest of stocks is increasingly hot, so the paper tries to design and implement the system of stocks invest supervision by recent EJB3.0 under Hibernate and Struts conditions based on newly J2EE 5.0. The paper expores the implement of EJB persistence of data. The system is tested by several times, it runs effectively.


This study examined how customers perceived and classified a set of 12 self-service technologies (SSTs) based on multidimensional scaling. The authors describe first, how the classifications developed by Lovelock are perceived by consumers and then, how the individual SSTs map onto those classifications. Results of the study show that 67% of the variance in classification is explained by two dimensions of customization/standardization and separability/inseparability. The authors also propose a typology for the SSTs based on their groupings in the classification framework. The authors discuss the managerial implications of the findings and suggest directions for future academic research.


Abstract Safety working conditions are on first place in mining industry. Periodical inspection and analysis of mining shaft profiles are necessary for safety transportation of worker and materials and so contact less profile measurement methods like photogrammetry are used for this purpose. This contribution describes advantages and disadvantages of usages solid state flash as light source in photogrammetry for mining industry as well as control of scene light, flash timing and spectral distribution of light. Especially of replacement xenon flash tube by solid state LED diodes or LASER LED and followed process of computer aid analysis of mining shaft profiles for rapid diagnostics and risk management in controlled.


This paper deals with the assessment of roll performance of a light aircraft through several flight tests and flight simulations. The general problem of a reliable evaluation of aircraft roll performance is first discussed, including the estimation of the aerodynamic derivatives that mainly influence the airplane rolling characteristics. Next, the results of extensive flight test activities on a two-seats Tecnam P92 light aircraft are presented. The attentive analysis of many roll maneuvers performed at different flight speeds and with various aileron maximum deflections has shown unexpected good roll performance for this non-aerobatic aircraft and has been extremely useful to derive the aileron efficiency factor in non-linear conditions (high aileron deflections). Flight data have been used to extract the main aerodynamic derivatives involved and to implement an accurate flight simulation model of the aircraft. Both 1-DoF and 6-DoF Flight simulations have been used in the first part of this research to select an appropriate matrix of test conditions. Finally, when the key lateral aerodynamic derivatives were estimated from flight experiments, the resulting flight simulations have shown a very good agreement with measured time histories.


This article uses the parity check matrix to produce a simplified decoding table under the premise of not using the structure standard array.And this decoding table is the most superior theoretically.


AbstractThe deployment and recovery of autonomous or remotely piloted platforms from research vessels have become a way of significantly extending the capabilities and reach of the research fleet. This paper describes the use of ship-launched and ship-recovered Boeing–Insitu ScanEagle unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The UAVs were instrumented to characterize the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) structure and dynamics, and to measure ocean surface processes during the October 2012 Equatorial Mixing (EquatorMix) experiment in the central Pacific and during the July 2013 Trident Warrior experiment off the Virginia coast. The UAV measurements, including atmospheric momentum and radiative, sensible, and latent heat fluxes, are complemented by measurements from ship-based instrumentation, including a foremast MABL eddy-covariance system, lidar altimeters, and a digitized X-band radar system. During EquatorMix, UAV measurements reveal longitudinal atmospheric roll structures not sampled by ship measurem...


It is a well-known fact that the DNA mutation plays a very important role in DNA sequence evolution. The backtracking problem of DNA sequence evolution in one dimensional cellular automata (CA) has ben recognized as a NP problem. In this research, a newly developed bioinformatics approach constructs a DNA sequence evolution model in using one dimensional cellular automata. Its corresponding backtracking of DNA sequence evolution is accomplished by an order-finding bioinformatics algorithm for efficient operations. The time complexity of a proposed bioinformatics approach for DNA sequence evolution in one dimensional cellular automata is found in O(n 2 ) polynomial bound. Our newly developed algorithms for solving backtracking of DNA sequence evolution in one dimensional CA are also in O(n 2 ) polynomial bound.


We report on compact and simple refractive index sensors suitable for measuring indexes in the 1.320-1.432 range with high resolution. The devices are based on modal interference and consist of a stub of large-mode area photonic crystal fiber spliced to standard single mode fiber. In the splice regions the voids of the holey fiber are fully collapsed which allows the coupling and recombination of core and cladding modes. The devices are robust and highly stable over time. The interference patterns are observed in a broad wavelengths range. The devices operate in both reflection or in transmission mode.


Background. Radiosensitizers are used in order to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy. Most of the presently known radiosensitizing agents have a poor selectivity and are not tumour-specific. Porphyrins have a selective uptake in tumour relative to the surrounding normal tissue. The aim of the present work was to test the capability of two photosensitizers – hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) or temoporfin (mTHPC) – and gamma rays to produce some kind of selective inhibition of tumour cell proliferation.
Materials and methods. Dark toxicity experiments were carried out using a sensitizer concentration range 0–50 μg/ml for HpD, or 0–5 μg/ml for mTHPC. For the radiosensitized treatment of rat C6 glioma cells, HpD was added at a final concentration of 1 μg/ml and mTHPC at a final concentration of 0.1 μg/ml. The irradiation with gamma rays was performed using doses ranging from 0 to 8 Gy. Cell survival was determined using the colony forming assay.
Results. HpD (1 μg/ml) and mTHPC (0.1 μg/ml) were found to have no toxic effects on C6 glioma cells. A cytotoxic dose without drugs, inducing a reduction in colony survival by 20%, was achieved at 2 Gy and by 50% at 4 Gy. The radiosensitized treatment of cells with HpD resulted in a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decline in cell survival as compared with irradiation alone. For C6 treated with mTHPC, the results did not differ between the two groups (with and without the drug).
Conclusions. The results of this study have shown that mTHPC (0.1 μg/ml) does not act as a radiosensitizer, whereas HpD can act, under certain conditions, as a tumour radiosensitizer. These findings suggest that HpD is a potential agent in combination with radiation therapy of malignant gliomas.

Keywords: rat C6 glioma cells, radiosensitization, porphyrins, colony forming assay


In the field of optical metrology, luminous flux is an important index to characterize the quality of light source. There are two kinds of method to measure it that one is light distribution surface method and the other is integrating sphere method. In the integrating sphere method, the baffle which is a key part of integrating sphere has important effects on the measurement results. The paper analyzes in detail the principle of an ideal integrating sphere. We change the relative position and shape of baffle inside the sphere during testing. By experiments, measured luminous flux values at different distances between the light source and baffle are obtained, which we used to take analysis of the effects of different baffle position and shape on the measurement. And then we obtain the optimum position and shape of baffle for luminous flux measurements. Based on the conclusion, we develop the methods and apparatus to improve the luminous flux measurement accuracy and reliability, which makes our unifying and transferring work of the luminous flux more accurate in East China and provides effective protection for our traceability system


This letter applies a new statistical approach for the performance evaluation of ultra-wideband (UWB) communications antennas, to the comparison between time and frequency-based modulation schemes. The radio link output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is systematically referenced to that obtained by replacing the investigated antenna with an ideal one. This allows establishing a relative performance scale for antennas, suited to their context of use. In addition to the presentation of the method, this letter shows a few exemplary results demonstrating the antenna performance dependence on modulation and channel.


We present an approximation for the numerical calculation of Cherenkov radio pulses in the Fraunhofer limit from very high energy showers in dense media. We compare it to full Montecarlo simulations in ice studying its range of applicability and show how it can be extended with a simple algorithm. The approximation reproduces well the angular distribution of the pulse around the Cherenkov direction. An improved parameterization for the frequency spectrum in the Cherenkov direction is given for phenomenolgical applications. We extend the method to study the pulses produced by showers at distances at which the Fraunhofer limit does not apply, and give the ranges of distances and frequencies in which Fraunhofer approximation is good enough for interpreting future experimental data. Our results are relevant for the detection of very high energy neutrinos with this technique.


— The nursing team of an Intensive Care Unit is subjected to several injuries related to their physical and mental health. The large number of stressors present in this environment predispose to conditions in which they can affect the quality of care provided by these professionals, their interpersonal relationships and their quality of life. Therefore, it is intended to report an educational action on self-care as a strategy for the prevention of Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals in an adult ICU. An activity was carried out, product of the problematization theory, to socialize knowledge about Burnout Syndrome, which is still little known by professionals, encouraging them to carry out self-care practices. During the time of socialization, the professionals were free to express their feelings about their work environment. Among the reports, can be highlighted the difficulty in self-perception, intra and interprofessional relationships, failures in effective communication and problems of managerial and bureaucratic nature. Such feelings externalize issues that directly and indirectly corroborate physical and mental exhaustion, high levels of tension and risks to the health of the professional and the quality of care. Through this work, it is noted that the Burnout Syndrome is a topic of great relevance for these professionals, whose work scenario requires resilient psychosocial conditions in the face of adversities, and who propose to these actors of care a special attention focused on their assistance and self-care.


The architecture of Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) provides airborne software with a robust temporal partitioning mechanism, which achieves the reliable fault containment between avionics applications. However, the partition scheduling of an IMA system is a complex nonlinear non-convex optimization problem, making it difficult to solve the optimal temporal allocation for partitions using traditional analytical methods. This paper presents a model-based approach to optimizing the partition scheduling of IMA systems, whose temporal behavior is modeled as a network of timed automata. Given a system model, the optimizer employs a parallel genetic algorithm to search for the optimal partition resource parameters with respect to minimum processor occupancy. For each promising parameter combination, the schedulability constraints and processor occupancy of the system are precisely evaluated by Classical and Statistical Model Checking (i.e., CMC and SMC), respectively. We also apply SMC hypothesis testing to the fast falsification of non-schedulable solutions, thereby speeding up the schedulability verification based on CMC. Two case studies demonstrate that our proposed approach outperforms classical analytical methods on the processor occupancy of typical IMA systems.


The toxicological monographs in this volume summarize data on the veterinary drug residues that were evaluated toxicologically by the Committee: the antimicrobial agents colistin and erythromycin. For the third antimicrobial agent, tylosin, a toxicological monograph has not been prepared. No data were submitted, and a brief review of the toxicological information available in the scientific peer-reviewed literature did not allow an evaluation of the compound. This volume and others in the WHO Food Additives Series contain information that is useful to those who produce and use food additives and veterinary drugs and those involved with controlling contaminants in food, government and food regulatory officers, industrial testing laboratories, toxicological laboratories, and universities.


Exploring and predicting the hot scientific researching issues have been a focus among recent sci-tech information research. In recent years, scholars and academic literature are increasing steadily in number. It is hard to artificially track and deal with developing trends of scientific researching hotspot. The most commonly used methods in the past are simple statistical ways for keywords and high term frequency. Most of these methods spend a lot of time and manpower, and ignore the relevance between different words. In the paper we use RNN method to design our prediction and push system, which could perceive the potential researching hotspot for some time to come. The hot issues are generated based on the relevance among sci-tech words. It finds the relevant technical application to hotspots and recommends them to academic researchers. The extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed approach has higher accuracy rate and lower false positive ratio. It can do better forward looking forecasts than word frequency statistics as well.


Since the Three Mile Island accident, increased emphasis has been placed on the analysis of severe reactor accidents because such accidents represent the dominant public risk from nuclear reactors. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission has made the development of mechanistic models for severe accident progression a major priority. The purpose of these models is to provide detailed, best-estimate, coupled analyses of all the major phenomena involved in the reactor vessel and coolant system in the course of the accident. To meet this objective, the MELPROG computer code is being developed. The initial version of this code, MELPROG-PWR/MOD0, is described in this report. The purpose of MELPROG is to provide at any time during an accident sequence a description of (1) the state of the reactor core and surrounding in-vessel environment, and (2) the disposition of core materials (in particular, fission products) contained within the reactor coolant system boundary. MELPROG is coupled to the TRAC-PF1 RCS thermal-hydraulics code to provide an integrated analysis of the behavior of core, vessel, and reactor coolant system during severe accidents. MELPROG treats core degradation and loss of geometry, debris formation, core melting, attack on supporting structures, slumping, melt/water interactions and vessel failure. The key elementmore » in MELPROG is the use of detailed modeling for the entire damage progression and failure sequence. Emphasis is also placed on the rates of hydrogen, steam and fission product formation, and transport to containment during damage progression.« less


A two-dimensional shell model of an entire solid rocket booster (SRB) has been developed using the STAGSC-1 computer code and executed on the Ames CRAY computer. The purpose of these analyses is to calculate the overall deflection and stress distributions for the SRB when subjected to mechanical loads corresponding to critical times during the launch sequence. The mechanical loading conditions for the full SRB arise from the external tank (ET) attachment points, the solid rocket motor (SRM) pressure load, and the SRB hold down posts. The ET strut loads vary with time after the Space Shuttle main engine (SSME) ignition. The SRM internal pressure varies axially by approximately 100 psi. Static analyses of the full SRB are performed using a snapshot picture of the loads. The field and factory joints are modeled by using equivalent stiffness joints instead of detailed models of the joint. As such, local joint behavior cannot be obtained from this global model.


Abstract: New online fault monitoring and alarm systems, with the aid of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Cloud Technology (CT), are examined in this article within the context of Industry 4.0. The data collected from machines is used to implement maintenance strategies based on the diagnosis and prognosis of the machines' performance. As such, the purpose of this paper is to propose a Cloud Computing Platform containing three layers of technologies forming a Cyber-Physical System which receives unlabelled data to generate an interpreted online decision for the local team, as well as collecting historical data to improve the analyzer. The proposed troubleshooter is tested using unlabelled experimental data sets of rolling element bearing. Finally, the current and future Fault Diagnosis Systems and Cloud Technologies applications in the maintenance field are discussed.


ABSTRACT
 Situated within the broader context of scholarship into the women who published James Joyce's Ulysses, this essay troubles received narratives about the influence of Emma Goldman and anarchism on Margaret Anderson, Jane Heap and the Little Review. Contrary to biographical narratives that position Anderson's relationship with Goldman and anarchism as a brief encounter ending in discord, this essay expands on feminist historians' analyses of the intergenerational feminism shaping the Anderson / Goldman relationship. I argue that Anderson's public repudiation of anarchism was a failed tactic to avoid the suppression of the journal, while Goldman's free speech trial in 1917 inspired Anderson and Heap to publish Ulysses despite and even because of the risk of prosecution.


The article offers formal criteria of differentiating the military poetry of N. Gumilev from the opinion journalism poetry of G. Ivanov (collection «Fame Memorial»): communicative structure of the poem; the image of the speaker the image of the rhetorician; tropes preferred; the system of metaphoric models and the ingenuity of their content; figures of speech; the degree of speech being cliched, etc.


The maritime sector is increasingly leaning towards making large and small vessels eco-sustainable. The pleasure craft and yacht sectors are particularly sensitive to environmental issues. This work presents a concept design of a charter yacht able to operate in green-mode by means of an Energy Storage System and High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cell fuelled by methanol.Once the main components were chosen and sized based on the design requirements, a simplified mission profile was parameterized in order to discretize which mission profile is allowed in green mode with the propulsion plant designed. Different sizes of the propulsion system (FC power and batteries capacity) were analysed in terms of performance and overall dimension to provide interesting results for industrial applications.


Landfills of solid waste not protected from the weather promote the life of vectors of various diseases such as mosquitoes responsible for the transmission of malaria. While several countries in the world have entered the phase of malaria elimination between 2000 and 2015, it is a pity that Burundi remains an endemic and epidemic country of this disease. The biological environmental, and social determinants of malaria transmission are not, taken into account in the determination and planning of the best combination of interventions against malaria. The present study focuses on the assessment of the risk of contracting malaria in the area exposed to the Buterere landfill (Bujumbura) through a case-control epidemiological study. The association parameters analyzed were the odds ratio (OR), and the risk difference (RD) followed by a statistical test of MH. The study included 344,935 individuals, 117,812 in the exposed area and 227,123 in the unexposed area. Overall, the results showed an excess risk of contracting malaria in the area exposed to the landfill in Buterere (OR > 1); (OR =11.8); (RD = 12.77). The results were; Χ 2 MH=3,355.3: the further away from the dumping area, the less likely one is to contract malaria. The most affected people are over 5 years of age. The action on environmental factors favoring the life of the vectors should be taken into account for any intervention against malaria.


— The aim of this article is to introduce an approach that integrates the different models and methods currently applied for risk management in information and communication technologies (ICT). These different risk management approaches are usually bound to the organization where they are applied, thus staying quite specific for a given setting. Consequently, there is no possibility to compare or reuse risk management structures because they are individual solutions. In order to establish a common basis for working with different underlying risk models, a metamodeling approach from the area of disaster recovery is used. This contribution describes a comprehensive mapping of information artefacts from both the COBIT for Risk and the COSO Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) framework in its new 2017 version which are then lifted to the meta-level of the proposed ICT risk-meta-data-model in order to be able to work with them in a consolidated way. Through this mapping process, all information artefacts are extracted, consolidated and harmonized to minimize the number of relevant objects. It has turned out that both the list of consolidated objects and the derived describing attributes can in general be incorporated into the proposed ICT risk-meta-data-model (RMDM). The results show that it is worth examining a data-structure-oriented approach to develop both a model and a data structure for further framework-independent processing.


How do entrepreneurs in the public sector effect major policy changes? Are the same entrepreneurs likely to be involved from the idea initiation stage through design, adoption, implementation and institutionalnation, or are there different prominent entrepreneurs in each of the policy stages? What does the pattern of entrepreneurial participation mean for the success of the policy? Utilizing a case study of Performance-Based Program Budgeting (PB2 ) in the State of Florida, this paper employs the observations of key Florida policymakers and advocates to describe the strategic and purposive actions of public entrepreneurs in the four stages of the PB2 budget reform policy process. The work supports current research that major policy changes, such as the adoption of PB2 in Florida, require purposive and strategic actions from public entrepreneurs for their fruition. The paper also contributes to the growing implementation and budgeting literature that describes and assesses performance-based budgeting in the states, and provides observations on necessary conditions for institutionalizing PB2 in Florida.


A survey of the critical literature of Lope de Vega's Peribanez y el Comendador de Ocana reveals that A.A. Parker's famous "The Approach to the Drama of the Golden Age" still influences critics of Golden-Age drama today. Parker's discourse resonates even in those critics who would take issue with his suggestion that the principle of poetic justice, which rewards the innocent and punishes the guilty, reconciles the chaotic, and often unjust, world of man with a universe ordained by God. Robin Carter, for example, sees the play as "the reflection of a continuing disorder" (27), saying that the distance between the human and the divine cannot be traversed because language cannot bridge the gap: order is undermined by conflicts that are irreconcilable when cloaked in the language of self-justification (exemplified by the rhetorics of Fadrique's passion and Peribanez's honour), and it is vitiated by disruptive factors that are far from nullified at the end. Meanwhile, we can discern the limitations of the human justice that purports to sustain order. (27) Carter's argument is reminiscent of Paul de Man's assertion that language is fallen because it fails in its attempt to copy reality.(1) But the radical skepticism of deconstruction, which denies language a referent, frees words from the tyranny of a pre-existent meaning only to inscribe them within an infinite play of significations. In Peribanez y el Comendador de Ocana, however, Lope uses language neither to copy nor to play, but to create. He liberates the unsayable from the oblivion of silence and suggests that language is the means by which man can free himself from the divinely ordered universe. In doing so, he creates a new political and epistemological order which celebrates man's freedom to fashion his own world in language. The opening scene of the play depicts a harmonious world in which human law acts in concert with the divine to sanction the happiness of the peasant Peribanez and his bride Casilda. Peribanez constitutes a world whose center has no definable margin. His love for his wife brings about the marriage of opposites; man and woman, peasant and monarch, human and divine exist together within his soul: Contigo, Casilda, tengo cuanto puedo desear, y solo el pecho prevengo; en el te he dado lugar, ya que a merecerte vengo. Vive en el; que si un villano por la paz del alma es rey, que tu eres reina esta llano, ya porque es divina ley, y ya por derecho humano. (71-80) The Comendador's sudden appearance at the festivities fractures this world into its component parts. Peasant and nobleman, once held together in Peribanez's rhetoric, now show themselves to be distinct entities who must vie for preeminence. From this struggle there will emerge a new order, built on the vestiges of traditional hierarchies, but born of the radical identification of part and whole. P.R.K. Halkhoree argues that Ocana and Toledo, the world of the peasant and the world of the nobleman, form a binary opposition fundamental to the play's structure; yet he goes on to say that they relate not as opposing poles on a horizontal continuum, but as center to margin: "Now, the Comendador's movements, whereby he attempts to violate the sanctity of Peribanez's house, culminate in his death; Peribanez's ~outward' movements from the dramatic centre of the action are, on the other hand, acts of piety and of prudence, and contribute to saving his honour and, ultimately, his life" (14 emphasis mine). Paul de Man's famous assertion that "critics' moments of greatest blindness with regard to their own critical assumptions are also the moments at which they achieve their greatest insight" (109) is nowhere more evident than here. By positing an inner dramatic center in competition with a hostile outer force, Halkhoree correctly, but unwittingly, suggests that the laws of supplementarity elaborated by Derrida inform the relationship between peasant and nobleman, center and margin. …


Amorphous ribbons of Fe26.8Co11Ni57.6Si0.81B3.79 used in magneto-acoustic marker were fabricated with single-roller melt-spinning technique. The effect of the rotation rate of roller, distance between nozzle and copper roller, and nitrogen injection pressure on the thickness, surface quality and microstructure of amorphous ribbons were studied. It was found that the rotating rate of roller, distance between nozzle and copper roller, and nitrogen injection pressure exhibit obvious effects on the thickness of amorphous ribbons. The ribbon shows an amorphous structure at high rotating rate, small distance between nozzle and copper roller and low nitrogen injection pressure. However, the ribbon tends to crystallize with decreasing rotating rate, increasing distance between nozzle and copper roller, and increasing nitrogen injection pressure. A response distance of 25 mm was obtained from the ribbon produced at a rotating rate of 1 800 rpm, a distance between nozzle and copper roller of0.1 mm, and a nitrogen injection pressure of 0.05 MPa.


The planned Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission1 will use both active radar and passive radiometer instruments at L-Band to measure and monitor both soil moisture and freeze/thaw state globally. The frequency band allocated for the SMAP radar is shared with the Global Navigation Satellite Systems and ground-based radiolocation services. Signals from those users present significant sources of anthropogenic radio frequency interference (RFI) which contaminate the radar measurements. To mitigate RFI, the radar is designed with tunable operating frequency, which allows the center frequency to be tuned to avoid RFI. The filtering scheme in the receiver is configured to get a high level of RFI suppression. To meet the high accuracy measurement requirements, RFI detection and correction will be required during ground data processing. Some candidate algorithms have been evaluated, and they have been tested against simulated SMAP data derived from the PALSAR data.


AbstractSmectite-bearing, expansive clayey soils are common in many areas of Texas, causing damage to pavements and building foundations by cyclic shrinking and swelling. The mechanism of shrinking...


Bio-Industrial Sector in India is still in its infancy, but growing steadily at CAGR of 11.2% accounting for total sales of USD 128 Millions. The multinational companies account for nearly 65% of the market, while the rest is met by the local industries. The Indian bio-industries are now reassessing and increasing their R&D capabilities and technical staff, establishing production units and developing an elaborate distribution system. The major industries employing microbial fermentation in India include alcoholic beverages and industrial ethanol, organic acids, enzymes and recombinant therapeutics. The upcoming lignocellulosics based biorefineries offers an exciting area of R&D and scale up at industrial level. However, there is urgent need to establish industries for fermentation of novel bio-molecules e. g. amino acids, novel antibiotics, etc. to be self reliant in face of vibrant geopolitical situation.


【This is to determine the possibility of penetration of evaporated mercury to periodontal tissue after amalgam filling. Class 5 cavities on upper canine, total 40 teeth from 10 dogs, were prepared and amalgam alloy which contain about 10 Ci of radioactive mercury were inserted. The animals were sacrificed after the experiment. The teeth were routinely decalcified, sectioned, autoradiographed by means of emulsion and stained by H & E. 1. Blackened grains were found along collagen fiber space underneath gingival sulcus floor. 2. Mercury particle deposited more at cervical portion of periodontium than apical portion. 3. Blackened grains were found along the Sharpey's fiber. Crest bone side was more evident than cement side. 4. Mercury penetration to periodontium of non-experimented tooth showed almost same findings as experimented one.】


Abstract Motivated by the difficulty of designing low-order controllers for large-scale plants consisting of numerous interconnected subsystems, this paper addresses the issue of quantifying the ν-gap metric between the plant and a lower-order identified model, using only plant frequency response data. The main result of this paper is the construction of a bound on the ν-gap metric between plant and model that exploits the convergence properties of Chebyshev polynomial interpolants of point-wise in frequency system graph symbols. This bound subsequently informs the design of low-order robust controllers synthesised from the identified model. The techniques developed in this paper are demonstrated upon a semi-discretised 1D heat equation.


the employee information management system is mainly for enterprise employees information for centralized management, convenient enterprises to establish a perfect and powerful employee information database, it is a SQL 2000 database as a development platform, using JSP program, complete the data input, modification, storage, call query, etc; Form data, and use the SQL 2000 database for data storage.


The fellah has never used tractors, reapers, binders, and threshing machines, and it is unlikely that he ever will. He is too poor, and in any case feels no need of intermediaries between him and the soilH. H. Ayrout, The Egyptian Peasant, 1963. Father Ayrout might be surprised by the Egyptian countryside today! Agricultural mechanization has been spreading rapidly, especially since 1973. Although national tractor censuses are notoriously unreliable because of the problems of treating old machines, current official estimates place the number of four-wheeled tractors at 25,000. Over 1,000 tractors have been manufactured at the Nasr works in Helwan every year since 1973; the number of tractor imports has quadrupled in the same period (see table I).


The phenomenon of violence against women in politics is gaining growing and urgent attention from actors around the globe. Piscopo (2016) criticizes emerging...


11571 Background: Evidence suggests that breast cancer patients with ER/PR/HER2 negative disease present in a more advanced and aggressive manner. The purpose of this study was to assess the presentation trends of breast cancer patients with regards to ER/PR/HER2 status in our Indian population. Methods: We analysed retrospective data of 131 breast cancer patients presenting to our institute between January and December 2007. The patients were staged according to AJCC criteria and were divided into 3 categories: stage I/II, stage III and stage IV. ER, PR and HER2 status was then compared for the 3 categories. Results: Of the 131 breast cancer patients, 77 (59%) presented with stage I/II disease, 45 (34%) with stage III disease and 9 (7%) with stage IV disease. 28 (36%) patients with stage I/II disease were ER/PR/HER2 negative, 11 (25%) with stage III disease were ER/PR/HER2 negative and 2 (22%) with stage IV disease were ER/PR/HER2 negative. Overall 41 (31%) patients were found to be ER/PR/HER2 negative, ...


This paper repors the investigation result of the activities of a group of South China tigers( Panthera tigris amoyensis ) appearing in Qizimei Mountains Nature Reserve in Hubei province in recent years and it then proposes some conservation and management suggestion about the tigers.


Issues related to privacy and technology go to the heart of concepts of individual rights, corporate power, the role of government, and law enforcement needs. The author considers various means to protect individual privacy and concludes that encryption may be the best solution.


Ships suffer heavy losses from fire due to the shortcomings of fire suppression techniques. So, a new type of ship fire control system based on ejector is provided, which consists of a new type fire extinguisher and multiple extinguishing agent. This system will greatly improves marine fire suppression technique.