Lupus is a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease with mild to severe clinical features and can lead to hopelessness if not treated properly. The purpose of this activity is to give a beauty class and see how it affects the hopelessness of lupus patients in honor of World Lupus Day. Methods: Organizing World Lupus Day activities such as experts seminars on lupus at a glance, being friendly with lupus, and staying beautiful with lupus; a musical drama and dance performance by a lupus support group with the theme "You Are Beautiful"; and a lupus beauty class. The activity was completed in one day in May 2018 by collecting pre-test and post-test data on the incidence of hopelessness in lupus patients using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). A total of 100 lupus patients participated in the activity, and all of them underwent pre- and post-testing. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with α=0.05 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: All participants expressed delight and satisfaction with their participation in this activity. The mean BHS scores before and after the beauty class were 8.62+2.68 and 6.36+1.59, respectively, with a significant difference (p=0.000). Conclusion: Beauty class is a fun way for lupus patients to feel less hopeless about their illness. Every year, an activity to commemorate World Lupus Day is required, which is beneficial for lupus patients.


The year 1856 was a vintage year for brilliant Jewish lawyers named Louis. On November 13, 1856, Louis Brandeis was born in Louisville, Kentucky. One month later, on December 14, 1856, Louis Marshall was born in Syracuse, New York. Louis and Louis were both first-generation Americans, born of central European Jewish parents. They both compiled stellar academic records. They both went on to have a profound affect on American law. Both were considered for seats on the U.S. Supreme Court, although only one of them made it.1 And both became eminent leaders in American Jewish life. Yet while both men earned enormous respect within the Jewish and general communities, they never became friends and rarely worked to gether. They differed religiously, philosophically, and politically. They approached Judaism, America, and even the law itself from sharply different perspectives. The parents of Louis Brandeis and Louis Marshall arrived in America at approximately the same time in the middle of the nineteenth century.1 Brandeis' parents hailed from Prague, Marshall's father from Baden and his mother from Wiirttemberg. The two fathers had experienced prejudice and privation in central Europe that precipitated their emigration. Adolph Brandeis, who grew up in an urban area and studied at the Technical


This paper reviews the complex system implemented for teaching the network design and management course, taught at Vilnius University. The special stress to solidify practical skills is foreseen in this course. The set of training tools, blending i) the emulators, ii) the real in-class lab and iii) the remote online laboratories, is deployed with the aim to expand advantages of interactive teaching. These tools as well as their benefits and limitations are discussed in this paper.


the taper of the zone (2) beginning of the threaded part (1) of the implant and also the position of the straight cutting edge of the apical area (3) improving the threading and the start position of the implant varies. Shirt conveyor (7) includes a hexagonal projection (8, 9) and the shaft (11) includes an O-ring (14).


Research is necessary to improve our understanding of change processes necessary to successfully implement SCM. One aspect of such inquiry should seek to improve our grasp of how SCM change differs from other types of change. The complex, multifunctional nature of supply chains suggests that processes used to implement SCM changes may differ from those employed for implementing non-supply chain management (NSCM) changes (Lambert, Cooper, and Pagh 1998). Because broader change initiatives are often more difficult to implement (Nadler and Tushman 1989), degree of success realized from implementing SCM changes might differ as well. Understanding the process for implementing SCM is critical because its success drives organizational performance, efficiency and competitive position (Chen and Paulraj 2004). Such an understanding can be found in the change management literature. Research on strategy implementation suggests that it is inextricably connected to change management (Pryor et al. 2007). Successful change embraces both the inner shift in the individual's values, aspirations and behaviors and the outer shift in process, strategy, practices and systems (Karp 2005). Change management provides insight on changing the organizational structure and staffing to address new changes and insight on adjustment to the administrative system, such as revising systems for planning, performance measurement, and incentive compensation to aid the organization in achieving its strategic goal (Bourgeois and Brodwin 1983). Recent research has indicated relationships between various change process activities and change achievement (Ford and Greer 2005). This study explores differences between SCM and NSCM change using an empirical approach. We seek to determine if there are differences in the change process when organizations implement SCM change as oppose to NSCM change. We define SCM change as planned change that is SCM related. Subsequently, NSCM change is planned change that is not SCM related. Planned changes are premeditated, agent-facilitated interventions that are intended to improve the function of the organization (Lippit, Watson, and Westley 1958). Using concepts from the literature, we first hypothesize about differences in change processes used to implement SCM and NSCM change, and about differences in implementation success realized from them. We then test the hypotheses using data from a sample of managers involved in change implementation. The results and knowledge generated from this study can assist managers with understanding the process for SCM change implementation and what process factors are necessary for SCM change achievement.


The principle of the changing distance between the camera and the object is discussed in the article. The authors write about significant features of the changing distance in art films of the twentieth century and note some new details in the use of changing distance in the art films of nowadays. It helps to realize the transformation of cinema poetics in the current period. The important trend today is the effects of the static camera in the climax dramatic scenes. The authors analyze several scenes in the films of Fellini, Tarkovsky, Steve McQueen to describe the aesthetical difference between the auteur film of XX century and modern intellectual film directing. Keywords—cinema; poetics; camera; changing distance; view; artistic vision; close-up; long shot; Fellini; Tarkovsky;


The article reflects on the particular features of depicting events from the Far Eastern history in regional narrative folklore. It demonstrates ambiguous public evaluation of social and historical events and certain individuals. The analysis of the folklore material proves that oral history was created in the territories along the eastern border of Russia and it represented this territory as the integral area of the country.


The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant stainless steel oil delivery pipe and a processing technology thereof. A selected steel blank material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.11-0.13% of C, 0.35-0.55% of Ni, 0.12-0.14% of Si, 0.67-0.69% of Mn, 0.82-0.86% of Ti, 2.21-2.25% of Cr, 0.27-0.29% of Nb, 0.71-0.73% of W, 0.13-0.16% of V, 0.13-0.15% of Mo, 0.008-0.010% of N, 0.002-0.004% of P, 0.001-0.003% of S and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The corrosion-resistant stainless steel oil delivery pipe disclosed by the invention is simple in process, scientific and environmental-friendly in design stable in performance, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, low in possibility of ageing and damage and long in service life.


The invention provides an electronic product. The electronic product comprises a heat radiating device and a wind scooper which is matched with the heat radiating device, wherein the wind scooper comprises a top wall and two side walls which are connected at two sides of the top wall, and a wind ventilating channel which is used for wind flow to pass through is commonly defined by the top wall and the two side walls; the heat radiating device is contained in the wind ventilating channel; and the top wall is provided with a wind guiding component, and the wind guiding component is used for guiding the wind flow in the wind scooper to the heat radiating device. According to the electronic product with the wind scooper, provided by the invention, the top wall of the wind scooper is provided with the wind guiding component, the wind guiding component is used for guiding the wind flow in the wind scooper to the heat radiating device, and thus the heat radiating efficiency of the electronic product is increased.


The propagation of high-power ultrashort light pulses involves intricate nonlinear spatio-temporal dynamics where various spectral–temporal field transformation effects are strongly coupled to the beam dynamics, which, in turn, varies from the leading to the trailing edge of the pulse. Analysis of this nonlinear dynamics, accompanied by spatial instabilities, beam breakup into multiple filaments, and unique phenomena leading to the generation of extremely short optical field waveforms, is equivalent in its computational complexity to a simulation of the time evolution of a few billion-dimensional physical system. Such an analysis requires exaflops of computational operations and is usually performed on high-performance supercomputers. Here, we present methods of physical modeling and numerical analysis that allow problems of this class to be solved on a laboratory computer boosted by a cluster of graphic accelerators. Exaflop computations performed with the application of these methods reveal new unique phenomena in the spatio-temporal dynamics of high-power ultrashort laser pulses. We demonstrate that unprecedentedly short light bullets can be generated as a part of that dynamics, providing optical field localization in both space and time through a delicate balance between dispersion and nonlinearity with simultaneous suppression of diffraction-induced beam divergence due to the joint effect of Kerr and ionization nonlinearities.


Experimental design is a desirable outcome of laboratory education. Incorporating inquiry into the laboratory curriculum is attractive, but there are acknowledged concerns from practical, theoretical, and epistemological perspectives, and these are accentuated in upper-division courses. In this work, we draw on the extensive literature relating to experimental design and inquiry learning to conceive a pragmatic laboratory curriculum that invokes the development of experimental design skills in a structured way. The model also incorporates the core principles of formative assessment, so that students get a chance to improve their work on the basis of feedback as they are doing it. We illustrate this model with two examples from our own practice of upper-division physical chemistry, but the basis of the design is elaborated so that interested readers can adopt it for any aspect of practical chemistry where there is a desire to incorporate experimental design skills.


The pulp and paper industry is a very large consumer of fresh water,and almost all the input reappears as effluent requiring treatment and disposal.As poplar can recycle organic residues from wastewater due to its high water and nutrient use,paper mill effluent(PME) could serve as a source of water and nutrients for poplar plantations.Consequently,irrigating poplar plantations with PME will reduce the need for other inputs of irrigation and fertilization.However,some elements(e.g.Na) which commonly occur in PME also represent a potential risk to poplar growth,since they have only moderate tolerance to salinity.Improper irrigation can result in toxicities and nutrient imbalance in plants.We hypothesized that diluting PME with pure water to a suitable concentration could avoid negative effects and would have better irrigation and fertilization value.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted from June to September in 2009 to investigate the effect of irrigation with different dilutions of PME on(1) the growth and nutrient status of one-year-old triploid Populus tomentosa seedlings and(2) soil chemical properties.The experiment included five PME irrigation treatments which diluted the concentration of PME to 12.5%(1F7Q),16.7%(1F5Q),25%(1F3Q),33.3%(1F2Q) and 50%(1F1Q),respectively.A control pure water irrigation treatment(CK) was also included.At the end of the experiment,height,ground-level diameter,and biomass of the seedlings in all treatments were measured as indicators of plant growth,total N and P of stems,leaves,and roots were analyzed to indicate plant nutrient status,and soil chemical properties(pH,organic matter,total N,available N and P) were also measured.PME irrigation had no significant effect on the pH and available P content of the soil(P0.05),but percentages of organic matter,total N,and available N increased significantly with increasing concentration of PME(P0.05).With appropriate dilution,PME irrigation significantly increased the N content in roots and leaves and the P content in stems(P0.05),but had no significant influence on the P content in leaves and roots and the N content in stems(P0.05).The growth of P.tomentosa seedlings increased markedly when the concentration of PME increased from 12.5%(1F7Q) to 16.7%(1F5Q),but when the concentration continued to increase(1F3Q,1F2Q,1F1Q),increments in ground-level diameter and height decreased gradually.Relative to the CK treatment,the increment of ground-level diameter and height of P.tomentosa seedlings following only the 1F5Q treatment were significantly higher(102% and 47% respectively,P0.05).Biomass of P.tomentosa seedlings in the 1F5Q and 1F3Q treatments reached 247 and 230 g,respectively,which were significantly higher than the CK treatment(19.3% and 11.1%,P0.05).However,no significant difference was detected between the other PME treatments and CK(P0.05).In conclusion,PME irrigation promoted the growth of P.tomentosa seedlings,and increased plant nutrient status and soil fertility.When the dilution concentration of PME was appropriate,the growth of P.tomentosa seedlings was significantly improved by PME irrigation.Consequently,our findings suggest that PME can be used to irrigate P.tomentosa seedlings,but it should be diluted to an appropriate concentration.From our results,it is recommended that the dilution concentration of PME should be 16%—25%,and trials are needed to validate these conclusions under field conditions.


Human performance in monitoring and controlling large-scale, dynamic systems is considered. Initial efforts were directed at obtaining an empirical understanding of the relationship between the physical characteristics of a large-scale system and human performance. Results showed the very strong effect that number of levels and degree of interconnectedness can have on human performance. Later efforts formalized these empirical results into several measures of large-scale system complexity. Two dimensions of complexity were proposed, measured, and evaluated: structural complexity results from the physical structure of the system, while strategic complexity results from an operator's understanding of the system. The knowledge gained from these engineering approaches was used to develop a behavioral model of the human operator in a large-scale environment. A comparison of the model's performance to human performance indicated that the model was consistent with human behavior. The model was then used to provide cognitively plausible decision aid to the human operator. Results from this approach were promising in that they showed subtle performance improvement for the aided subjects.


The Plague Minnow Gambusia holbrooki (Girard, 1859) was first introduced into Australian waters in 1925. Early introductions were carried out in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, and later Perth, by government agencies in an attempt to reduce the incidence of mosquitoes in the capital cities. G. holbrooki flourished, but no reports were made of any apparent ecological problems arising from its introduction.World War II and the advent of the war in the Pacific resulted in heavy Allied troop movements between mainland Australia, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Malaria began to take a heavy toll, so the US Army instigated a means of mosquito control through the captive-breeding and introduction of the Western Gambusia G. affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) throughout the south-west Pacific region. The Australian Army initiated a similar campaign using the already-available G. holbrooki to establish gambusia in creeks and wetlands near military bases and hospitals in eastern Australia. The Australian Army Malaria...


Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of functionally graded material (FGM) cylindrical shells surrounded by nonlinear elastic foundation under axial static and lateral dynamic loads in thermal environment are investigated in the current paper. The main emphasis is on the simulation of the elastic foundation model and thermal loads. Nonlinear tri-parametric elastic foundation including linear and nonlinear parameters is used to model the reaction of the elastic foundation on the cylindrical shell. Different thermal loading scenarios are applied to the system to study the effects of thermal environment, including uniform, linear and nonlinear temperature distribution across the shell thickness. Governing equations are derived based on the Donnell's thin shell theory. Material properties of the FGM are assumed to be variable through the shell thickness according to a power law function. Discretization of the obtained governing equations is performed using the Galerkin's method. An averaging method and the Runge...


The results of over 50 new models of the axisymmetric collapse of rotating, isothermal clouds are presented, with the following objectives: (1) to fully explore the initial conditions necessary for collapse from uniform density and uniform rotation, subject to constant volume and constant pressure boundary conditions; (2) to catalog the possible end states for cloud collapse from these initial conditions; and (3) to determine if there is a critical value of rotational energy/gravitational energy associated with ring formation, as appears to be the case for adiabatic clouds. Three end states are obtained: Bonnor-Ebert spheroids, rings and collapsing disks. The rings are formed with values of the ratio of rotational energy to the absolute value of the gravitational energy typically less than the Maclaurin spheroid value for dynamic instability to ring formation.


A model jor CW induced mode-misinatched dual-beam thermal lens spectrornetty using the whole probe beam profIe has been developed. This model quantitut!'vely describes the intensit4 distribution bejore and afer the thermal lens has been created. It is considered that ujter passirzg tizro~cgh the therinal lens, the TM,, Gaussian probe beam becomes the sicperposition c?f' several Guicssiun beams oj'dtflerent parameters. A cornpact rnathemuticul expression ~vus obtained, rc~izich ullorvs absolute tneasurements of opthothermal properties of transparent samples. Esperitnentul yroo js have been displayed.


Presents a new class of controllers for dynamic feedback linearizable systems which achieve asymptotic tracking of given state reference trajectories. These controllers are characterized by a formula whose design parameters directly describe the trade-off between control effort and tracking error. For natural choices of these design parameters, this formula generates controllers which do not blindly cancel nonlinearities but rather counteract them only when they degrade the performance of the system. Furthermore, these controllers are optimal with respect to sensible performance criteria and therefore possess desirable robustness properties.


Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr), phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase ( "PI3K") and B-Raf mutations have been described. Using human monoclonal antibodies against EGFr, methods of treating tumors containing mutated EGFr is described. One sample or more mutant EGFr, mutant PI3K and / or methods and kits for determining the presence of mutant B-Raf and mutant EGFr, mutant PI3K and / or variants B- methods and kits for treating a disease or condition associated with the presence of a Raf have also been described. Mutant EGFr, a method of treating tumors containing mutant PI3K and / or mutant B-Raf have also been described.


This article introduces how Authorware actualizes the database operation through ODBC combine and SQL language ,creates database source, designs the function module of executing SQL command etc. It introduces the facture of an examination program with database technique.


Objective
To explore the effects of individual supervisory nursing in tooth extraction under electrocardiography monitoring, so as to provide a reference for improvement of nursing method for patients.

Methods
From August 2016 to August 2017, we selected 200 patients with tooth extraction under electrocardiography monitoring in Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University. All of the patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 100 cases in each group. Patients of control group received routine nursing, while patients of experimental group were treated with individual supervisory nursing. We compared the blood pressure, heart rate, anxiety, whether to need intraoperative first aid as well as the surgery whether to terminate among patients in two groups. SPSS 21.0 was used to statistical analysis to the data.

Results
There were statistical differences in the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate between experimental group and control group before tooth extraction (P<0.01) . The incidence of anxiety in dentistry, first aid and complement of surgery of patients tooth extraction under electrocardiography monitoring in experimental group were better than those in control group with significant differences (P<0.05) .

Conclusions
Individual supervisory nursing could improve anxiety of angiocardiopathy patients with tooth extraction under electrocardiography monitoring, and reduce the incidence of first aid and promote the completion rate of surgery. It is appropriate for being used widely in clinical application.

Key words:
Nursing care; Electrocardiography monitoring; Tooth extraction; Individual supervision


Dissertation submitted for the fulfillment of
the requirement for the degree of
Masters in Information Technology,
Department of Information Technology,
Faculty of Accounting and Informatics,
Durban University of Technology, 2008.


This work investigates the relation between linguistic and paralinguistic categories in terms of intonation, in order to observe how the manifestation of three primary emotions affect pitch contours which are typical of four speech acts in Brazilian Portuguese (BP).


'Splenic red pulp lymphoma with numerous basophilic villous lymphocytes' (SRPL), recently described, is characterized by clinical, morphologic, immunologic, cytogenetic and molecular features distinct from SMZL/SLVL and HCL. In particular, the intensity of CD11c staining (expressed as fluorescence intensity ‐RFI‐) in SRPL is significantly different from the RFI in SMZL/SLVL and HCL. Moreover the use of a scoring system based on the expression of CD11c, CD22, CD76, CD38 and CD27 appears to improve the differential diagnosis between SRPL and SMZL/SLVL and emphasizes that SRPL is an entity closed to but distinct from SMZL/SLVL. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A high percentage of the axle‐gear noise peaks in various unitized vehicle types have been traced to resonances of the drivetrain. Because of the close coupling between the bending and torsional modes, both bending and torsional characteristics of the drivetrain were investigated at resonance. The role of the rear‐suspension components in transmitting axle‐gear‐excited vibration into the unitized body was studied. The discussion relates experimental techniques used to (1) make quantitative measurements of axle‐noise levels in the vehicle, (2) determine major transmission paths into the body, (3) determine driveline and suspension dynamic characteristics. The utility of the mechanical impedance technique to analyze the torsional response of the driveline is demonstrated.


As can be seen from the table of landscape functions attached, the landscape team has many opportunities to offer guidance as part of a planning, design, or construction team. It is hoped that when the seconded landscape architect is available these opportunities will be put to good and provident use. Demand for landscape services is likely to be both high and constant. It is therefore envisaged that the various sections of the department will be approached to help compile an annual landscape and maintenance programme. Officers are therefore encouraged to consider the landscape elements under their control and to make their requirements known for budget, programme, and project reasons.


Rice leaf color mutations are distinct phenotypic variations which are mainly resulted from the loss of chloroplast,structural abnormality of chloroplast,changes of chlorophyll content and distribution.Nuclear genes and chloroplast genes or interactions between them could be responsible for the phenotypic variations.Leaf color mutants therefore are the ideal and important sources for characterization of mechanisms underlying photosynthesis,formation of leaf color,biogenesis of chloroplast,and could apply in rice production.This paper reviews on recent advances in rice chlorophyll deficient mutants with special focus on gene mapping and functional analysis of nuclear-mediated leaf color genes in rice.


—Recent mobile terminals have multiple interfaces, such as 4G and wireless local area network (WLAN). In order to use those interfaces at the same time, multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) is introduced in several operating systems. However, it is possible that some interfaces are connected to untrusted networks and that data transferred over them is observed in an unauthorized way. In order to avoid this situation, we propose a new method to improve privacy against eavesdropping using the data dispersion by exploiting multipath nature of MPTCP. One feature of the proposed method is to realize that an attacker cannot observe data on any path, even if he observes traffic over only a part of paths. Another feature is to use data scrambling instead of ciphering. The results of performance evaluation show that the processing overhead of the proposed method is much smaller than cipher based methods.


We investigated wind-wave and suspended-sediment dynamics in Little Holland Tract and Liberty Island, two subsided former agricultural tracts in the Cache Slough complex in the northern Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta which were restored to tidal shallows to improve habitat. Turbidity, and thus suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), is important to habitat quality because some species of native fishes, including the Delta Smelt, are found preferentially in more turbid waters. Data from October 2015 to August 2016 show that average SSC was greater within Little Holland Tract than in the primary breach that connects the basin to surrounding channels: approximately twice as great at a shallower station farther from the breach and 15% greater at a deeper station closer to the breach. Suspended-sediment concentration within Little Holland Tract was directly related to wave shear stress and inversely related to water depth, based on linear regression. We used measurements of suspended-sediment flux (SSF) through the largest levee breaches to assess whether the enhanced SSC within Little Holland Tract is exported to surrounding waters, thus potentially increasing turbidity over a wider region. Cumulatively, sediment is exported through the Little Holland Tract breaches in winter and imported in summer, consistent with regional patterns in sediment flux, indicating that wind-wave re-suspension within the basin does not control sediment flux from Little Holland Tract on seasonal time-scales. Some sediment was exported during wind-wave events, and results show that sediment export is greater when primary breaches are located downwind of the basin rather than upwind.


Microcavity and whispering gallery mode (WGM) biosensors derive their sensitivity from monitoring frequency shifts induced by protein binding at sites of highly confined field intensities, where field strengths can be further amplified by excitation of plasmon resonances in nanoparticle layers. Here, we propose a mechanism based on optical trapping of a protein at the site of plasmonic field enhancements for achieving ultra sensitive detection in only microliter‐scale sample volumes, and in real‐time. We demonstrate femto‐Molar sensitivity corresponding to a few 1000 s of macromolecules. Simulations based on Mie theory agree well with the optical trapping concept at plasmonic 'hotspots' locations. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Democracy has been faced, in the last recent years, to its own viability because of all those events in economy and in the social sphere that are also transforming its natural political scene: the State. Facing this, democratic principles seem to take distance from what they mean in their own, enforcing the distance between theory and practice deriving in an application that differs from their theoretical conception. Practice, has not been as "rational" as everybody could hope of a regime as the one we study here. This is why political rationality has become a democratic challenge, understanding that in a first time, political rationality indicates a coherence to be manifested between political actions and political principles. In this paper we will define, firstly, what rationality means so as other useful meanings for the study, and we will try, in a second time, to identify those elements that in democratic practice can be considered as rational and those that cannot, and in a third time we will give the word to academic's, so as to know their appraisal about this subject.


Partial order reduction techniques have been used to combat the state explosion problem in model checking procedures for concurrent systems with probabilistic behaviors. There are some results that give criteria on applying partial order reduction for verifying quantitative time properties and reward-based properties on actions. However, there are many situations that reward-based properties are expressed on states rather than on actions because actions are triggered in no time and the quantities can not be obtained easily. This paper presents reduction criteria for a probabilistic temporal logic that allows specification of restrictions on quantitative measures given by spatial resources function for the states of the considered system and provides the proof of the correctness.


ABSTRACT Objective The cultivation and production of industrial hemp [Cannabis sativa containing Materials and Methods Single lots of industrial hemp plants and by-products of cannabinoid production were obtained from a licensed research station located in south-central Kansas. Samples obtained were (1) whole industrial hemp plants (no roots), (2) stalks remaining after seed harvesting, (3) unprocessed female flowers intended for cannabinoid extraction, (4) whole seed heads for seed production, (5) leaves obtained from the drying process, (6) chaff obtained after seed harvesting and cleaning, and (7) processed female flowers after cannabinoid extraction. Plant materials were submitted for nutrient concentration and digestibility analysis, and for cannabinoid concentration determination, to a commercial nutrition laboratory. Results and Discussion Dry matter of the plant material ranged from 65 to 96.6%. Crude protein ranged from 5.3 to 24.5%. Calcium concentration was from 1.0 to 5.7% DM. The plants tested had high fiber concentrations, with NDF ranging from 28 to 80% and ADF ranging from 18 to 65% DM. Total digestible nutrients was 19.8 to 61.5. Six of the 10 cannabinoids tested were detected in all samples. Cannabidiolic acid, cannabidiol, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A were detected in all samples at the highest concentrations. Implications and Applications These findings will assist livestock producers in using industrial hemp in animal feeds through consideration of both the nutritional and cannabinoid concentrations in the ration.


Summary When plasminogen binds to cell surfaces, its activation is markedly enhanced compared to soluble plasminogen. Although several distinct molecules may contribute to plasminogen binding to a given cell type, the subset of plasminogen receptors responsible for enhancing plasminogen activation expose a carboxyl-terminal lysine on the cell surface and are sensitive to proteolysis by carboxypeptidase B (CpB). To distinguish this subset of plasminogen receptors from plasminogen-binding proteins that are not profibrinolytic, we treated intact U937 monocytoid cells and peripheral blood monocytes with CpB to remove exposed carboxyl-terminal lysines, and subjected the membrane proteins to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by ligand blotting with 125I-plasminogen. Western blotting was performed with antibodies against previously characterized candidate plasminogen receptors to identify plasminogen-binding proteins on the two-dimensional ligand blots. Densitometry of autoradiograms of the 125I-plasminogen ligand blots of U937 cell membranes revealed that membraneassociated α-enolase, actin and annexin II showed minimal changes in 125I-plasminogen binding following CpB treatment of intact cells, suggesting that these proteins are not accessible to CpB on the U937 cell surface and most likely do not serve as profibrinolytic plasminogen receptors on U937 cells. In contrast, densitometry of autoradiograms of 125I-plasminogen ligand blots of monocyte membranes revealed that 125I-plasminogen binding to α-enolase was reduced 71% by treatment of intact cells with CpB, while binding to annexin II was reduced 14%. Thus, a portion of membrane-associated α-enolase and annexin II expose carboxyl terminal lysines that are accessible to CpB on the peripheral blood monocyte surface, suggesting that these molecules may serve as profibrinolytic plasminogen receptors on monocytes. Our data suggest that U937 cells and peripheral blood monocytes have distinct sets of molecules that constitute the population of cell surface profibrinolytic plasminogen-binding proteins. Furthermore, our data suggest that while several plasminogen-binding proteins with carboxyl terminal lysines are associated with cell membranes, only a small subset of these proteins expose a carboxyl terminal lysine that is accessible to CpB on the cell surface. The abbreviations used are: 2D, two-dimensional; 2D-PAGE, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CpB, carboxypeptidase B; EACA, є-aminocaproic acid; HBSS, Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution supplemented with 20 mM HEPES; HBSS-BSA, HBSS with 0.1% bovine serum albumin; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; IEF, isoelectric focusing; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; SDSPAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; TBST, Tris buffered saline with 0.1% Tween 20; uPAR, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor.


Abstract Though the demographic characteristics of American voters still differ from the characteristics of the electorate as a whole, participation in the 2008 election represented real progress in closing the gap. Unfortunately, a wave of new regulations in 2011 threatens to reverse course. Worse, the burdens imposed by these new laws are not only real and inequitable, but also unnecessary—and in some cases, directly counterproductive. Though a hard look at the available data, this article reviews the demonstrated costs and benefits of three types of new election regulation: restrictions on voter registration, restrictions on early voting, and restrictions on how voters prove their identity at the polls. It concludes that while regulation of these aspects of the election process is undeniably necessary, the approaches of 2011's new laws appear unwarranted.


In their Letter to the Editor, Dr Hasengschwandtner and Professor Gundermann of the Network Lipolysis raise some interesting points. The list of sequelae and complications provided by Network members is difficult to understand, as nods and pockets are not standard American terms. It should also be noted that the survey is retrospective and relies on the memory of the participants, which may not be entirely accurate. The authors did not describe the nature of the 33 complications that were not long term.

Concerns are growing about the companies that distribute drugs not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or other national governing boards. The New England Compounding Center (NECC) made headlines in September 20121 when an outbreak of fungal meningitis was reported from contaminated epidural steroid injections. Reports of 48 deaths and more than 700 patients with infections made patients and physicians alike wary of compounding pharmacies. The NECC filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy after more than 400 lawsuits were filed. In October 2012, in response to this situation, the US House of Representatives and the Senate proposed that the FDA take more control of the oversight of compounding pharmacies.2

Currently, compounding pharmacies are regulated at the state level. There is a misconception3 that injection of phosphatidylcholine/deoxycholate (PC/DC) or DC alone is illegal in the United States as there is no FDA-approved drug. This is not true. Phosphatidylcholine/deoxycholate or DC alone compounded by a …


It's been several decades to study the problemof production line scheduling by Operation Research. However, the related methods for scheduling lack the real-time character. In 1986, scholars on automatic control presented the term "Dynamic Adaptive Computer Scheduling of FMS" which was very novel. Unfortunately, no paper was found about that. In this paper, we consider adaptive scheduling for FMS by model reference, employ the max-algebra model which we proposed earlier with limited buffer capacity. Because influence by cireamstanec is reflected in perturbation of parameters, we utilize our method of perturbation calculation. The design for scheduling is with sub-gradient algorithm so as to solve the optimization problem with both continuous and discrate variables. Calculation examples are attached. The calculation and simulation show that it is feasible to adaptively schedule the FMS with model reference, and it is worth continuing this research.


Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of computer science that focuses on developing systems that allow computers to communicate with people using everyday language. NLP tools are Devoted to making computers understand statements written in human language. Indexing, text retrieval and word processing are considered as challenges in the classification process. Hence, Arabic Natural Language Processing ANLP tools are needed to achieve the aforementioned tasks. ANLP includes preprocessing such as Stemming, Normalization, Stop-word Removal, Part of speech POS and other processes. In this work, we collected 1,000 news articles from Alghad.com newspaper, then we classified our dataset using SVM and NB algorithms using NLTK tool. We compared the results of two stemmers; P-Stemmer and NLTK stemmer using the mentioned classification process. The results of the classification for the P-Stemmer was better than the NLTK stemmer and for the two classifiers.


This paper proposes prediction of the bitcoin return direction with logistic, discriminant analysis and machine learning classification techniques. It extends the prediction of the bitcoin return direction using exogenous macroeconomic and financial variables which have been investigated as drivers of bitcoin return. We also use google trends as proxy for investors interest on bitcoin. We consider those variables as predictors for bitcoin return direction. We conduct an in-sample and out-of-sample empirical analysis and achieve a misclassification error around 4% for in-sample evaluation and around 41% in out-of-sample empirical analysis. Ensemble learning trees based outperforms the other methods in both in-sample and out-of-sample analyses.


In this paper, we study the concept of weak linear fuzzy topology on a fuzzy
 topological vector space as a generalization of usual weak topology. We
 prove that this fuzzy topology consists of all weakly lower semi-continuous
 fuzzy sets on a given vector space when K (R or C) endowed with its usual
 fuzzy topology. In the case that the fuzzy topology of K is different from
 the usual fuzzy topology, we show that the weak fuzzy topology is not
 equivalent with the fuzzy topology of weakly lower semi-continuous fuzzy
 sets.


The discontinuity plane geological characteristics of Yangwan doubled arch tunnel in Jinliwen highway is investigated and analyzed in this paper.Surrounding rock displacement field of excavation and consolidation for Yangwan doubled arch tunnel in Jinliwen highway are researched.The result shows that deformation of surrounding rock is small after consolidation for Yangwan tunnel,and displacement decreases thirty percent after liner.The ground surface Y-displacement is analyzed in different excavation step.The settlement rule of transect and vertical section of the ground surface maximum settlement part for doubled arch tunnel are researched,and the corresponding settlement models are built respectively.It provides a definite theoretical basis for the ground surface settlement forecasting for shallow fragmentized doubled arch tunnel excavation.


The kinetics of hydrogen penetration through dislocation networks produced by silicon wafer bonding are investigated by means of reverse bias annealing (RBA) procedure. By using the combination of capacitance-voltage (CV) profiling of net-acceptor concentration and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) the total concentration of H introduced in the samples during wet–chemical etching at room temperature was defined. Two processes with the different time constants τ1 and τ2 was found for the bonded sample. The slow process τ1 with an activation energy of (1.25±0.13) eV was analogous to that in the reference sample and corresponded to the dissociation of boron-hydrogen pairs. The fast process τ2 was found to exhibit a lower activation energy of (0.87±0.25) eV and was identified as the release of hydrogen bound at screw dislocations by their elastic strains.


1 Compatibility with ABCD3TA For this document it is assumed that binary readout architecture w ill be used in the upgraded Inner Detector. In such a case the architecture of the new design is following the architecture of the ABCD3TA ASIC. The chip must provide all functions required for processing of signals f rom the 128 strips of a silicon strip detector in the ATLAS experiment, employing the binary readout architecture. The simplified block diagram of the chip is shown in Figure 1. The main functional blocks are: the front-end, input register, pipeline, derandomizing buffer, command dec o er, readout logic, threshold&calibration control and the power management block, which i s new compared to the ABCD3TA design.


Optimal design of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging device sensor can enhance its detection performance and improve signal-to-noise ratio, and the accuracy of results from numerical method is absolutely critical for optimal design. In this paper, an eccentric NMR logging device static field distribution and radio frequency field distribution are simulated by the electromagnetic finite element method, and the influences of model shape, model size and element shape on simulation results are analyzed. A comparison between the measurements and simulation data indicates that they are in good agreement with each other. In the design process of NMR logging device sensor, by choosing a circinal model which is similar to the shape of borehole, setting model size to be 10-15 times the sensor diameter, and adopting triangle element, the accuracy of numerical simulation can be improved and the reliability of optimization design can also be enhanced.


This paper aims to gain new insights into the Italian economic tendency toward recovery by investigating the Industrial Production Index series (IPI). The trend and cyclical components of the series are determined using a novel technique which hinges on optimal truncated ideal low‐pass filters. The contributions of the latent components to the IPI series are brought to the fore by a spectrum analyzer that evaluates the spectra of the said components in the bands of interest. The analysis results corroborate that the Italian economy is still subject to cyclical effects that can compromise its recovery.


This study used a spring wheat line 0219-4 as test material to exploit the effects of different concentrations of CoCl2 and AGP on the induction of wheat anther callus.The results showed that the best induction rate of wheat anther callus is obtained at 0.025 mg/L of CoCl2 in the induction medium;and the addition of AGP to the medium is benefit for improving the induction rate of wheat anther callus,the induction rate is increasing linearly as the concentration of AGP increased.


Social protection refers to the entire system of protective measures that assist individuals, households, and communities to better manage risks and economic shocks and that provide support to the critically vulnerable. Among the major risks covered are illness, accident, death, unemployment, or old age. Social protection includes public as well as private approaches.


Abstract Surveys were conducted at 29 locations in the Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, and Lake Huron drainages to determine if larval sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, inhabit lentic waters. A direct-current shocker and a dredge were used to take samples near the mouths of streams that produce sea lampreys. In the Great Lakes proper, 26 larvae were taken from 10 of the 22 areas that were surveyed. In small lakes tributary to the Great Lakes, 113 larvae were taken from 3 of the 7 lakes studied. Nearly all larvae were collected within 1/4 mile of the mouth of a stream containing larvae, usually from silty-sand substrate in areas protected from severe wave action. Aquatic vegetation and bottom-dwelling animals were usually present at locations where larvae were collected.


The hydrodynamic and turbulence model have been simulated by our computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code in a mechanically stirred tank equipped by axial turbine. The effect of the modified attack angle of the blade on the flow pred iction is studied. The Reynolds-averaged continuity and Navier-Stokes equations were solved. For the cl osure of the above equations, a turbulence model k-ε has been employed. The numerical solution of these equations was achieved by a finite-volume method. The CFD predicted flow fields at different locations in the tank as well as the power number show reasonably good agreement with the measured da ta and with those calculated from published experimental correlations.


The problem of updating the fleet of agricultural machinery and introducing technologies into agricultural production is acute. In the current foreign policy and economic conditions, the issue of ensuring food security has become extremely important, in connection with which there is an urgent need to increase the efficiency of agricultural production in a short time. In such a situation, the most effective way is to intensify production, and in this process, machinery and equipment play a primary role. The study found that in the Russian Federation in the period 2015-2020. There was a reduction in the fleet of agricultural machinery, which caused an increase in the load on the existing fleet of tractors and combine harvesters. The rates of renewal of agricultural machinery concerning tractors and combine harvesters have decreased, which, together with other conditions, negatively characterizes the situation with the renewal of the fleet of machinery in agricultural production. In the context of ensuring the implementation of the policy of import substitution and ensuring food security, the state should provide greater support to agricultural producers when updating the fleet of equipment, since in the context of the weakening of the ruble, the deterioration of the national economic system, the falling purchasing power of the population and other factors, agricultural producers will not be able to independently master additional the financial burden, and the renewal of the material and technical base, especially when it comes to the supply of imported equipment, is an expensive issue.


Various approaches can ascertain the safety and efficiency of physical human-robot collaboration. This paper presents the concept of robot functional mode switching to efficiently ensure human safety during collaborative tasks based on biomechanical pain and injury data and task information. Besides the robot's reflected inertial properties summarizing its impact dynamics, our concept also integrates safe and smooth velocity shaping that respects human partner motion, interaction type, and task knowledge. We further discuss different approaches to safely shape the robot velocity without sacrificing the overall task execution time and motion smoothness. The experimental results showed that our proposed approaches could decrease jerk level during functional mode switching and limit the impact of safety measures on productivity, especially when guided with additional task knowledge.


In the early days, surgery was concerned with amputations, relief of mechanical obstructions, and letting out pus. At the turn of the twentieth century, Halsted developed the concept of curing cancer by radical surgery, excising both the tumor and its local lymph nodes en bloc. Any successful outcome was presumed to be due to surgical removal of the entire tumor. This radical principle reached its zenith in the 1950s with Wangensteen's excision of the internal mammary chain of lymph nodes for breast surgery and his second-look laparotomies to clear recurrences for primary gastrointestinal tumors. In breast cancer, the evidence that radical surgery could not eliminate all the cancer if locoregional lymph nodes were involved was already available. Data showed that 50 percent of patients with axillary nodes had supraclavicular nodes that were not removed in a radical mastectomy. Currently, there is much more acceptance by surgeons that when lymph nodes are involved in a cancer, the disease should be considered as having systemic spread and is not curable by surgery alone; it needs adjuvant systemic therapy as well. The comparison of the principles of esophageal cancer surgery with those of breast surgery is very important so that the aims, tendencies, and fashions can be followed. Technically, the first success was to open the chest, excise the tumor, and join the ends without 100 percent mortality [52]. As the mortality decreased to 10 percent, surgeons tried experimenting with even more radical surgical treatments or with more minimal surgery. It is difficult to perform radical surgical repair of esophageal cancer because the mediastinum is not suitable for wide excision of the aorta, heart, or lungs. The absence of a mechanical barrier such as peritoneum or pleura means that lateral spread involves tissues and organs that cannot easily be resected. Large en bloc excisions may appear reasonable but are difficult to achieve anatomically. Invasive attempts to excise the tumor and the surrounding tissue without using direct vision are, in the author's (controversial) opinion, unsound procedures and are likely to achieve incomplete removal of the cancer. "Blind" techniques include the transhiatal surgical approach to midesophageal cancers without opening the chest and the experimental laparoscopic esophagectomies now being advocated. Anyone who has performed esophageal cancer surgical procedures knows how difficult it can be to excise a tumor under direct vision. Why make it more difficult, and at the same time, incomplete? This leads to another important scientific consideration in this chapter. No statement is 100 percent true or accurate. Each statement is presented as the best available knowledge on the basis that Hayek has suggested for science in general. These bricks of scientific knowledge are necessary for building the next layer of the total edifice, but each must be capable of being taken out and re-examined. When 1 consider that there is still real doubt about a "fact" being presented, such as a surgical procedure that has been a surgeon's l i fe work but that the surgeon considers unproved, the word controversial will appear in parenthesis. The length of recent books [35, 61] confirms that there is a vast amount of knowledge that requires simplification. The aim of esophageal cancer surgery is to perform a curative resection. Whether a true cure for esophageal cancer can be achieved is debatable. The term curative resection usually is defined as implying that the surgeon and his or her assistant believe there is no macroscopic tumor left behind. Palliative resection implies that there is visible tumor remaining, and bypass procedure should be used only when the tumor has been left behind deliberately. Operable means that either a curative or palliative resection can be performed. The term inoperable is used either when no operation is advised or when, after thoracotomy has been performed, it is decided either to proceed with a bypass or not to resect. Nonresectable is almost synonymous with inoperable, but obviously the threshold for such a statement depends not only on the surgeon's technical ability to resect an advanced tumor but also on his or her philosophy as to whether it is worthwhile. Whether to resect the primary tumor in the presence of distant metastases in the liver or lungs is controversial. Such resections obviously are palliative, even though a curative resection for the local tumor has been performed. Curative or palliative resections usually are designated on the basis of what the naked eye sees and, though acceptable definitions, they should always have microscopic confirmation. In a large series of esophagogastrectomy specimens, 25 percent were incomplete because of residual tumor in the cut ends, and 50 percent were incomplete laterally because there was tumor at the edge of the specimen. In general terms, longitudinal spread can be dealt with by the surgeon excising more, but lateral spread cannot be removed by excising more widely. All resections should be correctly staged with posttreatment (pathologically based) staging. The number of truly curative resections will thereby decrease. Should the term cure actually be used, and is there really a chance of cure in cancer of the esophagus? There are undoubtedly some long-term 10-year survivors after esophageal resection and a few patients who die after 5 years with


As a result of the developments of the modern business environment and the great expansion in the size of companies, the audit profession has become one of the most important professions due to its great role in meeting the needs of all users of financial reports, thus enhancing their confidence in the validity and credibility of the information contained therein. Therefore, the research aims to demonstrate the role of peer review as a control method on audit quality and to test whether the application of this method contributes to improving quality. The research deals with the external audit  bureaus in Baghdad as a community to conduct the practical test, while the sample is represented by the auditors working in these bureaus. In order to collect the data, the researchers prepared a questionnaire for this purpose, where (200) forms are distributed, (163) of which are retrieved, (135) forms valid for analysis, and (28) forms excluded as they are not valid. The data is analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS) . The research has reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that the application of the peer review method works to compel audit bureaus to abide by the recognized quality standards of performance issued by professional bodies, which improves the audit process and raises the level of services provided in these bureaus. One of the most important recommendations made by the research is the need to work on obligating audit bureaus to provide all the necessary requirements for the application of the peer review method for its great role in achieving audit quality control.


Japan has provided nationwide school health services since 1872. However, the system used and the factors enabling this provision have not been fully and systematically explored. This study aimed to provide an overview of the system and identify enabling factors for the provision of school health services in Japan, to support successful implementation in developing countries.


On January 1, 2017, the act that introduced the Territorial Defense Force as one of the types of the Polish Armed Forces entered into force. The aim of the paper is to analyze informational and promotional activities of Territorial Defense Forces, which have a direct impact on the perception of formation in the national environment and potential soldiers of territorial military service. The report analyzes the information and promotional activities posted on the official website of the Military Territorial Defense (terytorialsi.wp.mil.pl) and on the official profiles of the Military Territorial Defense in social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, You Tube). The effect of the analysis of information materials and the forms of their transmission is the conclusion that the website and information activities, in particular on the Military Territorial Defense Facebook account, have been designed and made with the utmost care. The ways of presenting information and promotion of the Territorial Defense Forces are in line with modern trends in this field.


By Robert Peel Ritchie, M.D., F.R.C.P.Ed., F.R.S.E. Edinburgh: George P. Johnston. 1899. Dh. Ritchie inherits the inclination, the perseverance, and the ability needful to enable him to investigate the early history of that body of which he is so distinguished a Fellow; and the "Inquiry as to who was the Architect of George Heriot's Hospital, by one of its Governors," has been fitly followed in the succeeding generation by an " Inquiry into the Early History of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh and of its first Presidents, by a former President." In undertaking this task, Dr. Ritchie has raised for himself monumentum perennius aere; for the early history of a body that has had so important an influence on the progress of Scottish medicine, and of those who founded it and guided its infant steps, cannot fail to have an enduring interest for all connected with it; and he has materially added to the interest of the work by introducing a characteristic likeness of himself, indicating the last resting-place of Sir Archibald Stevensone, the first president of the college, and one of its first knights. The likeness is unmistakable, and graphically represents the Ritchie that we know, engaged in one of his most congenial occupations


More and more companies are taking advantage of information technology (IT) to expand their customer services and develop new businesses. In the construction machine industry, Komatsu was quick to utilize the Internet and mobile communication technology to develop a construction machine management system which it calls KOMTRAX. First the company successfully introduced KOMTRAX – a dynamic management system – to the rental machine market (STEP 1). Then the company made several improvements on the system, specifically adding new items to the menu of machine information provided by the system (STEP 2). Since two years ago, Komatsu has been promoting installation of KOMTRAX as a standard feature in Japan, first on its major models and then on its other models. At the same time, it has been building systems which are required for deployment of its overseas operations and used-machine business on a global basis. This paper describes the configuration and features of KOMTRAX and the onboard data terminal, communication infrastructure, and server that Komatsu has developed for the system.


Abstract : The downstream effects of peaking hydropower generation at Lake Hartwell Georgia-South Carolina, on the diel prey selection and feeding of four species of fish-silver redhorse (Moxostoma anisurum), redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus), green sunfish (L. cyanellus), and bluegill (L. macrochirus)--were determined. Aquatic insects (primarily dipterans, ephemeropterans, and trichopterans), crayfish, and terrestrial organisms (primarily insects) composed most of the food eaten. These fish fed primarily during daylight, before daily hydropower generation began, and little or no feeding occurred during generation. Consequently, few organisms entrained from the reservoir or displaced from the tailwater during hydropower generation were eaten by these fish. (Author)


In recent years, with the emergence and development of higher vocational and technical colleges, their journals emerge quickly, which have taken certain shape, come out in large number and in order, and have got some achievements. This paper states some situations investigated by the author and corresponding assessment and analysis from the following several aspects: some existing journals and their distribution, brief statement about status quo of journals, rough evaluation of achievements of journals, several problems that should be paid due attention to etc.


The mass spectra of twenty-six β- and α,β-substituted butenolides have been examined. Fragmentation of the butenolide ring can be rationalised on the basis of the fragmentation pathways described for β-hydroxybutenolides. However, a number of butenolides, e.g. the α-(substituted)benzamido-β-hydroxymethyl-butenolides, show a weak fragmentation of the ring. The fragmentations in which the substituents are involved are more favourable and interactions between the substituents on the α- and β-positions complicate these spectra.


In 42 fetuses and prematures, the entire mucosa from the rhinopharynx was stained by various whole‐mount methods. The development, growth, spread, distribution, situation, and size of the glands were determined. The development starts in the 11th week below the tubal orifice, whence the glands spread to the entire rhinopharynx. The number increases gradually by about 60‐70 glands a week. By the 23rd week, there are 1,100‐1,200 glands in the rhinopharynx. After that juncture, there is presumably no further new formation. The density and size of the glands were at a maximum in Rosenmiiller's recess, below the tubal orifice, and in the salpingo‐pharyngeal fold, least anterior to the tubal orifice and at the junction to the pharynx. The role of the sero‐mucous glands in the rhinopharynx under normal and abnormal conditions is discussed.


We present that development of a whitelight interferometric spectrum based signal processing method for fiber optic absolute sensing. The signal processing method achieves an extremely high resolution over a large dynamic range. The signal processing techniques are demonstrated on a whitelight fiber optic sensor system which uses a broadband LED as its source, and an low finesse extrinsic Fabry-Perot cavity as its sensing element. The interferometric spectrum from the sensor is received and processed through a computer compatible spectrometer which used a grating to disperse the light and a CCD array to record the spectrum. The experimental results show that the system achieves absolute measurement with nanometer accuracy over a range of more than 16 micrometers .


– Two flavone glycosides were isolated from aerial parts of Nepeta cadmea. The structure elucidations were done according to NMR and HR-TOFMS data. Antioxidant activities of isolated compounds were determined DPPH radical scavenging activity


Hermann Hesse's novels commonly represent characters' struggles through ideological opposition and conflict towards resolution. The majority of his critics attribute Hesse's interest in, and expression of, this struggle to his lifelong study of Eastern philosophy. However, Hesse's interest in things Eastern need not be taken as the exclusive determinant of the theme of individuation represented in his fiction. This essay argues that Hesse's predilection for elaborating the ideological crises and resolutions of his characters may also be interpreted as reflecting the Western, Hegelian concept of an Absolute Spirit that proceeds through exhaustive dialectical permutations before it becomes conscious of its status as the identical subject-object of history. The essay begins with an account of critical commentary on Hesse's knowledge and estimation of Hegel. Thereafter, the theoretical affinities between Hesse and Hegel are investigated. The essay concludes with a close analysis of Hegelian imprints in Hesse's final and most complex novel, The Glass Bead Game. This article is available in Studies in 20th Century Literature: http://newprairiepress.org/sttcl/vol26/iss2/5 Hermann Hesse's Hegelianism: The Progress of Consciousness Towards Freedom in The Glass Bead Game


Silver ions were implanted into the surface of the 316L austenitic stainless steel by a silver ion source machine.The conductivity and corrosion resistance of the steel surface were investigated.The results show that the surface contact resistance of stainles steel reduced by 81.25% compared with that of the steel before implantation with the dose of 0.5×107 cm-2.A new passive film was formed on surface of the ion implanted steel in the bipolar plate simulated solutions,which retarded corrosion effectively.With the silver ion implantation dose of 2×107 cm-2,the stable corrosion current density reduced by 98.56% and 98.32% in the bipolar plate simulated cathode and anode environment,respectively.


Achievements in the seed industry of vegetables are summrized into three as follows : More than 91% of 750 registered varieties are already alternated with F_1 hybrids. Most staple vegetables are reached to be grown even in winter and summer to meet the year-round demand. The seed is now an important exporting item of agriculture products, in spite of its large amount was imported about 20 years ago. For the continueous progress of the seed industry, basic researches and germplasm collections should be emphasized, breeders in commercial seed companies should be attained their honour in releasing new varieties, the national institutes for vegetable breeding should concentrate their researches to supporting seed companies, and the National Agricultural Co-operation Federation should modify its direction on seed business to avoid competitions with seed companies.


India is one of the important groundnut growing countries in the world. Tamilnadu occupies the third place in India as for as groundnut is concerned. Rosette disease of groundnut caused by a virus is gaining importance in India. Sundararaman (1926) first reported the occurrence of the disease at Palur and called it "clump disease". Storey (1935) is of the opinion that natural spread of rosette virus is by the vector Aphis laburni. Storey and Ryland (1955) pointed out the importance of apterous and alate aphids in spreading the disease under field conditions. Rogur Hull (1964) has pointed out the effect of spacing on the primary spread by winged aphids before secondary spread. A thorough knowledge of the source of infection, rate, distance and mode of spread of any disease is essential for devising control measure for the disease. Information on the sources of infection can often be gained by studying the distribution of infected plants within a crop which may in turn, suggest the method to be adopted in controlling the disease. Van der Plank (1946) has distinguished two kinds of spread, namely, random distribution and distribution in groups. He has suggested a formula for estimating random distribution of the disease within a crop. Using this formula studies were made on the pattern of spread of rosette disease in irrigated crop of TMV-2 variety of groundnut in the 1964 season at Coimbatore and Bhavanisagar.


The San Francisco Bay area has been rapidly growing in size and stature as one of the national centers of the electronics industry. In particular, the growth has been in companies and laboratories with a strong emphasis on research and development, in contrast to volume production. Such industry needs and seeks opportunities for graduate education for its engineers. The manner in which such opportunities have developed in the San Francisco area, especially at Stanford where the great majority of the part-time students are enrolled, provides an interesting example of how the needs of industry can be served within the academic objectives of an educational institution which serves primarily the full-time day student.


Today some companies use Process Aware Information Systems to support their business processes. These Systems adopt processes to business environment quickly. Since system allows to users to change processes, system is vulnerable to fraud. Thus we need a balance between security and flexibility. The solution can be a fraud detection system, but the increasing growth of data in logs causes some difficulties. In this paper we proposed an approach that use map-reduce mechanism to implement a fraud detection method in a distributed way.


The effects of food quality, breed type and sex (ram and ewe) on lamb growth and carcass composition, and their changes throughout growth, were measured. The three breed types were Scottish Blackface (B; no. = 24), Suffolk (S; no. = 28) and their reciprocal crosses (X; no. 33). The lambs had free access to a nutritionally non-limiting food, H, or a bulky food, L. Each lamb was scanned using X-ray computed tomography to measure the weights of fat, lean and bone in the carcass at three degrees of maturity (0·30, 0·45 and 0·65) in live weight. Live weight and food intake data were recorded weekly. Average daily gains in live weight (ADG) and carcass tissues, intake (ADI) and efficiency (EFF = ADG/ADI) were calculated for each lamb between degrees of maturity. Gompertz and Spillman functions were used to investigate relationships between weight and both time and cumulative food intake. There was a breed by food interaction for fat and lean proportions ( P 0·1). On food L there were no breed effects ( P > 0·1). Across breeds, sexes and stages of maturity, food L caused lambs to have 0·810 as much fat and 1·063 as much lean compared with H ( P < 0·001). There were breed by food interactions for ADG ( P < 0·05) and EFF ( P < 0·01). ADG on L was 0·72 of that on H for S, as compared with 0·79 for B and X. EFF on L was 0·463 of that on H for S, as compared with 0·586 for B and X. These were such that S was more sensitive to food effects on growth. The Gompertz and Spillman functions described growth well.


outline the pancreas by filling the stomach and duodenum with gas. For the most part, however, barium sulphate has been used, and with its aid the larger carcinomata of the pancreas have been revealed. Unsuccessful attempts have been made to find a substance which will make the pancreas opaque to x rays. Now with the advent of radioactive isotopes the picture may change. J. E. Wheeler and colleagues2 showed that the pancreas takes up selectively methionine tagged with a radioactive isotope, but none of the elements in amino-acids (C, H, N, 0, and S) have gamma-emitting isotopes with half-lives longer than a few minutes. Externally labelled amino-acids such as "'I-iodotyrosine were doomed to failure because they are not taken up by the pancreas. Then M. Blau and R. F. Manske' pointed out the chemical similarity of selenium and sulphur. They had the brilliant idea of substituting 75Se for sulphur in the methionine molecule. Fortunately "Se has the requisite physical characteristics-half-life of 128 days and a principal gamma ray of 0.25 Mev. And, just as important, they found the selenomethionine was readily taken up by the pancreas of dogs one to two hours after administration. Together with other workers' 4 5 they have shown that the same applies to man. The technique (which varies slightly with different authors) is as follows. Two or three hours after a high-protein breakfast the pancreas is stimulated to secrete by the intravenous injection of 70 dog units of Cecekin. Cecekin is a mixture of secretin, pancreozymin, and cholecystokinin. One hour later selenomethionine is given intravenously in a dose of 3.5 tc per kg. body weight, and the scan is started half an hour after injection. According to D. B. Sodee6 the wholebody radiation dose with 250 Ftc is approximately 0.9 rad, and the dose to the pancreas 0.2 rad. One of the practical difficulties of the scan is that the liver also takes up the isotope. If the liver is large its edge tends to overlap part of the head of the pancreas. A. Rodriguez-Antunez' reports having overcome this by scanning the patient supine but rotated slightly to the right side. The two conditions for which scanning has been used particularly are carcinoma and pancreatitis. The normal pancreas takes up the isotope uniformly and thus gives a dark photoscan. Severe pancreatitis largely inhibits the uptake of isotope throughout the organ, and the photoscan shows a spotty distribution of radioactivity of low intensity.7 If a carcinoma is present, the part of the organ invaded shows almost complete lack of uptake of the isotope. According to Sodee it is now possible to visualize a lesion as small as 2 cm. in diameter. This accords well with the findings in brain-scanning. One of the great differences between scanning the pancreas and the brain is that in the pancreas the lesion does not accept the isotope whereas in the brain the lesion-whether tumour, abscess, or haematoma-accepts more than the normal tissues.4 It is too early yet to assess the efficacy of scanning the pancreas, but so far the results are encouraging and will almost certainly improve.


This article details the features of using modern technical means and the issue of electronic evidence in the process of collecting evidence in the criminal process of the Republic of Uzbekistan, analyzes the opinions of various scholars in this field and the norms of the criminal procedure law of several states. Based on the results of analyzes and studies, the author disclosed some legal gaps existing in the criminal procedure legislation and developed proposals and recommendations for introducing appropriate changes to some norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Uzbekistan.


This paper presents accounting decisions in terms of recognition, classification and evaluation. The relevance of the study is determined by the objective of a fair value measurement under the conditions of economic and financial profitability. The author of the article explores the issues relating to the research by considering the Romanian bank sector and using data from 2011 to 2016. The article distinguishes accounting decisions from managerial decisions and reflects the relevant effects on management information system. The hypothesis identifies the current income-reducing accounting choice and the «net profit» independent variable. In order to test it, it is essential to identify empirically observable data that can be a proxy for such variables. The study considered «provisions for non-performing loans» as the dependent variable. The commonly identified economic factors that might influence a firm's choice of accounting methods are management bonus schemes and leverage. The hypothesis was thus tested by using total bank profits as independent variables.


Etomidate is well known as a useful induction agent in rapid sequence intubation, and some authors have suggested that it may be effective as a


Abstract In 2000, the Dideron (D) strain of Plum pox virus (PPV) was detected in commercial peach and nectarine orchards in the Niagara region of Ontario where most of Canada's stone fruit crops are produced. As part of a disease management research programme, peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) trees in a commercial orchard at Niagara-on-the-Lake were assayed for PPV annually for 3 years. The orchard consisted of two blocks of the cultivars 'Allstar' and 'Brighton', of which 4 of 288 and 5 of 252 trees, respectively, were infected with PPV-D. The growth and health of these PPV-infected and non-infected trees were evaluated based on the annual growth rates, vigour (chlorophyll content) and bud winter hardiness. Comparative fruit quantity and quality index values were based on total yield and marketable yield per tree, fruit size and weight, fruit pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, flesh firmness, and fruit skin colour. Results from these preliminary studies showed that trees infected with this mild Ontario isolate of PPV produced slightly more fruit of smaller size that ripened earlier than non-infected trees. However, yield efficiencies based on weight of fruit relative to the trunk cross-sectional area did not differ statistically. Screenhouse studies on three graft-inoculated fresh market peach cultivars ('Babygold', 'Catherina', and 'Garnet Beauty') similarly did not demonstrate any differences in growth or fruit production in the second and third year post inoculation, but fruit on infected trees matured somewhat earlier.


In this paper, in order to understand the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor's temperature sensing properties with different coating materials and packaging materials at low temperature, and choose a FBG sensor for engineering application, an experimental platform is designed at first, the temperature sensing performance of five different type of FBG sensors at low temperature (77K-296K) is studied, and then the wavelength-temperature curve and temperature sensitive coefficient curve of these five FBG sensors is analyzed. At last, a nonlinear fitting for the best wavelength-temperature curve is made to provide a reference for practical application. It is concluded that polyimide-coated FBG sensor can be used normally at low temperature, and the temperature sensitive coefficient increases 4.32pm/K as reference to bare FBG, packaging has few effect on the sensor's performance of grating sensors. The OS4200 whose wavelength-temperature curve's cubic curve fitting is better than quadratic curve fitting has high accuracy and good stability, it can meet the requirement in practical engineering.


In article the essence and value of a marketing policy of increase of possibilities of the enterprise are considered, the adapted classical marketing policy based on 4P is offered.


The literature information is cited about quarantine status of the South American tomato moth (Tuta absoluta Meyrick), its penetration in Ukraine, the application of quarantine measures. Expressed its own results phytosanitary monitoring of occupation quarantine zone of tomato moth and agrocenoses of solanaceous crops in the buffer zone of Odessa region for the presence phytophage. It has been established the development of three generations of tomato moth outbreak. Using the computer program has been drawn the map of active hearth of tomato moth in the Odessa region and prognosis potential zones map phytophage resettlement in Ukraine. The system of integrated pest of solanaceous crops of tomato moth has been analysed.


This paper analyzes the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling of air flow distribution from an axial fan over coils of hot rolled sheet. To avoid blade complicated geometry, an approach of body force model used rather than multi reference frame model. In body force model, the input pressure-air flow relationship is taken from fan curve provided by fan manufacture. The Dittus boelter equation used to determine the convection heat transfer coefficient for cooling coils of hot rolled sheets. Results are obtained for three parameters, viz: effect of position of a baffle plate to increase heat transfer rate, effect of spacing of adjacent coils of hot rolled sheets to increase heat transfer rate, effect of using baffle plate at end of the last coil to increase heat transfer rate. At the end, the streamlines, obtained from fan model is verified with experimental data which shows good agreement with each other.


We use a geometric model for hadron polarization in heavy ion collisions with an emphasis on the rapidity dependence. The model is based on the model of Brodsky, Gunion, and Kuhn, as well as the Bjorken scaling model. We make predictions regarding the rapidity dependence of global polarization in the collision energy range of 7.7-200 GeV by assuming the rapidity dependence of two parameters, and . The predictions can be tested by future beam-energy-scan experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider of Brookhaven National Lab.


In this paper we explore the use of functional programming languages in the design and implementation of discrete-event simulation programs. We show, in particular, how language features such as polmorphism, higher-order functions and lazy evaluation can be used to develop powerful , re-usable, library modules for, among others, event management, simulation monitoring and statistical analysis. We give examples of simulation programs developed within the proposed framework; these illustrate the conciseness of the functional notation and at the same time demonstrate how the expressive power of functional languages can be used in applications of this nature.


Self-determination theory (SDT) and a literature review suggests that scientists' motivation to patent and commercialize their inventions is effort expended by a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic reasons. Based on qualitative analysis results, we found explorative evidence that both intrinsic reasons belonging to the scientists themselves and extrinsic ones arising from the environment of the scientists' inventive activities are positively associated with the scientists' motivation. Therefore, to implement the Intellectual Property Strategy to 2030, policymakers need to consider a variety of factors including not only extrinsic rewards, but also personal and social aspects related to intrinsic desires.


The effect of two kinds of constitutive strong promoters P43 and Plap Son regulation of heterologous gene was compared on the expression level of ZEN degrading enzyme gene ZLHY6 and the enzyme activity evaluation. The degrading enzyme gene regulated by Plap Sreceived efficient expression in bacillus subtilis 168,and the degrading enzyme activity reached the highest level of 219. 02 U / m L after fermentation for 12 h. Moreover,the genetic stability of ZEN degrading enzyme gene expression vector p WBZ7 regulated by Plap Sin Bs 168 lays a foundation for efficient expression and secretion of degrading enzyme.


Molecular template growth is a facile method to fabricate high-quality organic semiconductor thin films with controllable properties, which can dramatically improve the performance of the OFETs, OPVs as well as other organic devices.


Despite the big prevalence of psychopatological disorders in stroke patients, these have received a very little attention. Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most frequent psychiatric com-plication of stroke, and its prevalence has been estimated to be around 35%. Stroke patients with PSD suffer higher mortality rates and show a worse functional outcomes and quality of life. PSD pathophysiology is still debated, but the serotoninergic hypothesis is the best choice, and the antidepressant therapy appear to be effective. Post-stroke apathy prevalence is around 25% but little is known about this. Health Questionnaire, Center for Epidemiological Scales for Depression, Patient Health Questionnaire Stroke Aphasic Depression


In recent days, image communication has evolved in many fields like medicine, entertainment, gaming, mail, etc. Thus, it is an immediate need to denoise the received image because noise that is added in the channel during communication alters or deteriorates information contained in the image. Any image processing techniques concerned with image denoising or image noise removal has to be started with the spatial domain and end with the transform domain. A lot of research was carried out in the spatial domain by modifying the performance of different image filters such as mean filters, median filters, Laplacian filters, etc. Recently much research was carried out in Transform techniques under the transform domain, with evolutionary computing tools (ECT). ECT has proven to be dominant when compared with traditional denoising techniques in combination with wavelets in the transform domain. In this article, the authors applied a novel ECT such as SGOA on the denoising problem for denoising monochrome as well as color images and performance for denoising was evaluated using several image quality metrics.


The invention discloses an LED (Light Emitting Diode) package solder joint structure and process, and relates to a solder joint structure and process. At present, a chip is fixedly connected with a circuit board in a welding mode, but a die bonding surface of a substrate has different planenesses, which brings troubles to the welding, and the height of a solder wire is required to be continuously adjusted to cause the speed to be reduced and the yield to be influenced. The LED package solder joint structure comprises a substrate, an LED chip and a circuit board, wherein the circuit board is provided with a conductive region; a connecting line is soldered between the conductive region and the LED chip; the LED package solder joint structure is characterized in that a solder joint of the connecting line, connected with the conductive region, is covered by a reinforcing layer of which the area is larger than that of the solder joint; and the middle part of the reinforcing layer is fixedly connected with the solder joint, and the external part of the reinforcing layer is fixedly connected with the conductive region of the circuit board. The reinforcing layer of which the area is larger than that of the solder joint is adopted to reliably fix one end of the connecting line to the conductive region of the circuit board, so that the LED package solder joint structure is easy and convenient to operate, has high working efficiency, high integral reliability of a product, high quality and low production cost, and the height of a soldering machine is not required to be continuously changed.


The observation of a very intense blue and green photoluminescence from low‐resistivity CuAlS2 crystals, grown by chemical vapor transport and subsequently doped with Zn, is reported. The emission is strong even at room temperature, the color of emission being dependent on Zn‐doping conditions. Results obtained suggest that the CuAlS2 compound can be considered as a perspective material for blue and green light‐emitting device realization.


From Babies Hospital, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York. Correspondence to: David Alexander, MD, Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th and Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104. Received for publication November 1983, revised January 1984, and accepted February 1984. ISOLATED ABSCESSES of the spleen are uncommon in childhood. In a review of 173 cases, only 12 patients were less than 10 years old.' Although most of the common bacterial pathogens have been reported


Motorcycles have been increasing used widely in various urban, suburban and villages in Cameroon with an increased in accidents resulting to injuries among the population. Head and limbs injuries are responsible for most of the cases encountered from related crashes. A prospective study on head and limbs injuries resulting from motorcycle crash were assessed among the different cases brought to the casualty and emergency department of the Kumba district hospital. Most of the injured cases were of motorcycle and other vehicle collisions 203 (47.65) and the least among motorcycle lone crash 51 (11.97). Motorcycle to motorcycle collisions accounted for 107 (25.12 %) of the cases. 65 (15.26%) were motorcycle with pedestrians related collision. Stepping up and facilitating the regulations on licenses and the use of personal protective equipment for riders, improvement of roads infrastructures with pedestrian path, expanding health facilities and equipment, and human resources for health as well as empowering the population on road safety measures will be very important for RTAs control measures of the nation.


Several forecasting algorithms have been proposed to forecast a cumulative variable using its partially accumulated data. Some particular cases of this problem are known in the literature as the "style goods inventory problem" or as "forecasting shipments using firm orders-to-date", among other names. Here we summarize some of the most popular techniques and propose a statistical approach to discriminate among them in an objective data-based way. Our basic idea is to use statistical models to produce minimum mean square error forecasts and let the data lead us to select an appropriate model to represent their behavior. We apply our proposal to some published data showing total accumulated values with constant level and then to two actual sets of data pertaining to the Mexican economy, showing a nonconstant level. The forecasting performance of the statistical models was evaluated by comparing their results against those obtained with algorithmic solutions. In general the models produced better forecasts for all lead times, as indicated by the most common measures of forecasting accuracy and precision.


The most widely used two measures to describe the usage of resources in production processes are capacity utilization and efficiency. This paper recapitulates and analyzes in details the problems linked to their application. Measuring capacity usage with conventional measures raises a number of problems, and frequently results in wrong management decisions. Hence, we have the need to introduce a technical parameters based measure but also with having an economic content. This new measure, the 'cost of unused capacity', is more and more often used to characterize resource usage even in non-technical systems. In order to apply this method including the new feature, we established a mixed integer linear programming model. The corresponding calculations will be demonstrated through an example of a small sample problem taken from sugar production industry.


The matrix of psychotherapy is culture, where the bio-psychosocial elements of human life unfold in their sense and meaning. Procedures established in the Western world as psychotherapy are products of modernity and reflect implicitly basic assumptions and values as well as the health and illness models of the late secular-scientific era. Thus the search for meaning is viewed as an individual obligation, while the pre-modern seeks to discover the meaning of existence in models prescribed by external powers. Western psychotherapies, which are built on development of autonomy and egocentricity as well as centrifugal organization of life, are only limitedly useful in pre-modern cultures, which function on collectivism and external focus of control, thus putting little value on individuality, autonomy and self-sufficiency. The alienation of psychotherapists to their own cultures through their training hides the danger of an imitation or superficial installation of extraneous theories and techniques, which only works to intensify this alienation. A creative meeting of different ways of life demands multi-focal humble/ uncertain welcoming of the other party, particularly in the person of the psychotherapist as mediator and catalytic agent.


RCM equipment maintenance management mode draw the maintenance strategy according to the equipment reliability and equipment fault results.The machine equipment maintenance includes early fault period,accidental fault period,and wearing fault period.According to the fault degree and maintenance feasibility,select different maintenance strategy.


This paper applies the Hamiltonian approach a nonlinear oscillator of a rigid rod on a circular surface without slipping, and its natural frequency is obtained. Comparison of the obtained result with the exact one shows good agreement even for large amplitudes and strong nonlinearities.


Alpha‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR) is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme that is overexpressed in prostate cancer. Alternatively spliced variants of AMACR have recently been reported, however, their role in prostate cancer pathogenesis is unclear.


A temperature-sensitive mutant of Sendai virus, ts271, when grown at restrictive temperature is known to produce virions lacking integral haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN). In this study, it is shown that the transmembrane-cytoplasmic tail of HN is not detected either. This apparent complete lack of HN does not affect budding efficiency.


This paper aims at understanding the reasons for the existence of the "four too'' as the level of motherhood risk in the Health District of Odienne. In that respect, quantitative tools (questionnaire, review of records) as well as qualitative tools (semi-structured interview, focus groups, literature and desk research) were resorted to. This range of methodological tool has enabled to underscore that the "too young", "too old", "too large" and "too close" motherhood, is a dominant practice in Odienne. This fact exposing women and girls to various health risks, is motivated by some socio-cultural logics. These socio-cultural beliefs about Motherhood, are out of step with the health recommendations.


Nowadays the best single photon detectors from a practical view are those based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes, operating at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. In this work the characteristics of such a detector of our development are studied, while operating in Geiger mode with a synchronization frequency of 312.5 MHz. The dependence of quantum efficiency and noise levels on the active area are studied.


Background: This study was performed to compare the marginal fit changes and facture resistance of metal ceramic crowns constructed from Ceramill Sintron metal coping veneered with three different porcelain veneering materials (Vita Master Koromikos VMK, Willi Geller Creation CC and GC initial MC), also to evaluate the influence of thermocycling on load at fracture. Materials and Methods: Master brass die was scanned ,then metal coping was designed and milled from Ceramill Sintron blank to get 60 metal copings, then divided randomly into three groups(20 sample), then veneered with porcelain: VITA, Creation or GC. The marginal gaps were measured before and after porcelain veneering then marginal fit changes was calculated. Fracture resistance test was done by Instron®, the master die was duplicated to sixty analogs then each analog was fixed into acrylic base. After that each crown was cemented onto the corresponding die analog. Ten samples of each group were subjected to compressive loading to fracture and other ten subjected to thermocycling followed by compressive loading to fracture. Result and Conclusion: The result of marginal fit changes showed that GC group had the lowest marginal gap follow by VITA and Creation. While VITA group showed the highest fracture resistance follows by GC then Creation. Thermocycling process did not significantly reduce the load at fracture for all groups.


By overview of administrative divisions, geography, natural resources, economic development and agricultural production in Huai'an region, based on relevant data , it compared biological conversion efficiency and economic transformation efficiency of Huai'an city with other cities in Jiangsu Province. Therefore, it suggested that creating the brand, increasing market share of agricultural products, enhancing economic transformation efficiency is Huaian appropriate agricultural strategy.


Hand-rearing giraffe calves is a challenging, time-consuming and labour-intensive process. There appears to be high individual variability among different calves. Different feeding schedules and milk substitutes have been used and are discussed. The use of whole cow's milk is recommended and can be mixed with different supplements or calf milk replacers. The authors recommend weaning the calf around 1 year of age.


Gender inequality has been identified as the classic "inequality trap" (World Bank, 2005) that produces further inequalities in societies with negative consequences not only for women, their families and communities, but also for nation states, their economies and ultimately the well being of their people. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) represent a global partnership to respond to the main development challenges. MDG 3: "Promoting gender equality and empowering women" represents the strong belief that this is an important development objective on the basis of both justice and efficiency (economic and social). Moreover, there is compelling evidence that (a) there is a strong relationship between gender equality and poverty reduction (MDG1) and (b) that women's empowerment and gender equality are channels to attaining other MDGs, such as universal primary education (MDG2) and reducing child mortality (MDG4), not to mention obvious connections to improving maternal health (MDG5), combating infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and malaria (MDG 6) and ensuring environmental sustainability (MDG 7). While it is evident that progress towards one Goal affects progress towards the others, in their attempts to reach the Goals many countries have not linked them to make them mutually reinforcing.