3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of printing three dimensional solid objects from a STL file. Previously the process was just a rapid prototyping compromising part geometry and material on account of reduced processing time. However, the process is evolving to a solution for manufacturing processes with shape flexibility. There exists sufficient research potential for improvements in additive manufacturing due to various errors inherent to the process. For curved surfaces, the surface is irregular due to staircase effect compared with planar surfaces. In the latter case, irregularity is contributed the unevenness across the layers. The layer thickness, being the culprit for this error, needs to be primarily controlled. Adaptively computing the layer heights for 3D printed parts has the potential to achieve high quality results while maintaining a reasonably short printing time. During layered manufacturing, steps are formed, due to staircase effect, at the work piece surface, the primary error, which requires finishing before use. The secondary error is due to unevenness within the slices while freezing the layer. In this paper ball burnishing is proposed as a suitable finishing process to reduce the stair step effect in thin slicing layer to obtain a particular geometry. Workstation is integrated with the 3D printer. The conceptual model of the post processing station and process parameters are identified. Keywords— STL, Stair step error, Adaptive Slicing, Ball


While the early years pupil premium has been broadly welcomed by the sector, it identifies challenges to its implementation and questions how Ofsted will judge its impact on children. Sal McKeown reports.


To improve the solubility of the fluoroquinolone drug gatifloxacin (GAT), a pharmaceutical salt of GAT with 2,3‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3‐HBA) is designed, synthesized, and characterized. This work is based on previous research into the synthesis of the pharmaceutical salts/cocrystals of fluoroquinolones. A comprehensive assessment of the crystal structure and the molecular electrostatic potential, as well as a Hirshfeld surface analysis, revealed that the H protons of the carboxylic groups in 2,3‐HBA are transferred to the N of the GAT piperazine ring. This results in the ionization of GAT to form charge‐assisted hydrogen bonds (CAHBs) and the construction of a crystal structure. It is precisely the conversion of GAT from a neutral state to an ionic state that results in a significant increase in the solubility of GAT‐2,3‐HBA. Surprisingly, in the process of increasing its solubility, the hygroscopic stability and the antibacterial activities in vitro of GAT‐2,3‐HBA is also superior to GAT. In this study, a pharmaceutical salt of gatifloxacin with targeted structures and desired properties, based on CAHBs is successfully designed and synthesized. These encouraging results suggest that CAHBs play a crucial role in adjusting molecular packing through a co‐crystallization strategy, thus improving the physicochemical properties of fluoroquinolones.


Historians of economic thought have in recent years devoted a fair amount of critical discussion to F. A, Hayek's work on business cycle theory, and some to his views on monetary policy, but they have scarcely mentioned the banking theory underpinning his business cycle model, or the banking policy conclusions Hayek drew,' The present article reconstructs and critically appraises Hayek's banking theory and policy. The chief questions it addresses are why Hayek declined to endorse laissez faire or "free" banking as a policy ideal, and whether the theoretical arguments he offered for his position are well founded. In his inaugural lecture at the London School of Economics, Hayek (1933, 28) explained that he had chosen to work on capital theory because it was an area where he found that the coordinating processes of the market were underappreciated. It is noteworthy that he did not say the same thing about his work on money and banking. Given that his mentor, Ludwig von Mises ([1912] 1980, [1928] 1978), had strongly supported free banking and the gold standard, and given Hayek's own


In this work, we develop a new method for multispectral and hyperspectral texture synthesis using the multiband distribution and power spectral densities. Different approaches to this problem are mostly case specific and include histogram explosion, equalization in HSV or some other color space, and equalization based on the earth mover distance. For multiband images, the usual practice is to define the power spectral density for each band separately. While this captures the in-band autocorrelations, the cross-band correlations are not captured. Sometimes cross-psds are defined if it is known that cross-band correlations are important. However, as the number of bands increases, this method becomes computationally prohibitive. We propose a method that expresses psds for multiband images using a 3D fourier transform. An iterative scheme is used to equalize the histogram and psds for an input and target image. Our experiments show that the iteration tends to converge after 5-10 steps. The proposed method is computationally efficient and yields satisfactory results. We compare synthesized multispectral textures with real multispectral data.


One of the human abilities that is needed in the future is to be sensitive to the environment. With this sensitivity, it will make someone wiser in determining attitudes at this time with consideration of the future. This study aims to analyze the learning environment at the university as a place for someone to prepare for the future whether it includes aspects of future problem solving. Data were collected by survey method. The subjects of this study were lecturers and students in the physical education learning subject with total subject of 6 universities, 12 lecturer and 240 students. The instrument used to carry out the analysis was developed based on five indicators that specifically emphasize the future problem solving process in the classroom, 1) Creating an Environment of Respect and Rapport, 2) Establishing a Culture for Learning to Encourage Student Engagement and Responsibility, 3) Managing Classroom Procedures, 4) Encouraging Appropriate Student Behavior, 5) Organizing the Physical Environment. The results of the observation of the implementation of learning show that the learning environment has been well managed, the five components of the learning environment have been implemented, but the integration of future problem solving components has not been found in the learning environment, student involvement in the second indicator has not been optimally carried out, this is reflected in student activities in which they are mostly receptors. The results of the analysis of the learning device documentation used by the lecturers have used a scientific approach, but not even one has used a future problem solving approach. Lecturers and students are very interested in developing future problem solving learning models.


Intradiscal electrothermal annuloplasty is a procedure that has shown promising results for the treatment of low back pain resulting from internal disc disruption. The best results occur in patients who satisfy the International Association for the Study of Pain criteria for internal disc disruption, which include reproduction of pain on provocation of the target disc but no pain when control discs are stimulated, plus the demonstration of at least a grade 3 annular tear on computed tomographic–discography. The affected disc should retain at least 80% of its normal height, and patients must not have more than 2 discs affected. If these conditions are met, 50% of patients can expect to reduce their pain by half, and 23% can expect complete relief of their pain, with relief being sustained for at least 12 months. Intradiscal electrothermal annuloplasty, however, is an imperfect procedure. There is scope for improving results by close attention to more accurate placement of the electrode. Copyright © 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company


Abstract. Motor defects are due to basal nucleus and associated structures named extrapyramidal disorders. According to the prevalence of various forms of Parkinson`s diseases. Parkinson's disease predominates in comparison with other variants. Despite the lower percentage of the prevalence of Parkinson's manifestations, there is a need for differential diagnosis between them in order to establish a reliable diagnosis. Knowledge of the sporadic Parkinson`s diseases and the ability to diagnose them are a necessary requirement for a professional level of training for neurologists.


The invention provides a kind of dry method withdraws the nickel the production method, it is take the petroleum majoring in engineering industry expelling spent catalyst, the waste sweetening agent or withdraws Gao Linhan after the aqueous method which the vanadium molybdenum expels the vanadium low nickel residual second pollutant as nickel raw material smelting to produce the ferronickel the technology, it according to the fertilizer conformity, the weighing mixture, the reducing smelting and oxidizes fining the step to carry on, in the dual alkali degree CaO%/SiO2% approximately 0.8~~1.8 scope, with the coke, the ferrosilicon makes the reducing agent to carry on the reducing smelting to remove 60~~70% phosphorus, again in in the slag dual Alkali degree CaO%/SiO2% approximately 1.2~~3.5 scope, selects the oxygen - iron ore union oxidation method, May cause 99% above the phosphorus and 98% above vanadium union produces CaO.P2O5 and CaO.V2O5 enters the slag, after refines the qualified ferronickel product, realizes from Gao Linhan in the vanadium nickel waste material the short flow, the low cost, the industry withdraws the nickel the goal, has the remarkable economic efficiency and the social environmental protection effect.


&NA; There is an increasing awareness that malignant transformation of endometriosis is an uncommon but distinct entity. We review one such case of a clear cell carcinoma arising within an endometrioma of a rectus sheath scar. These malignancies have a favourable prognosis, with extra-gonadal disease commonly associated with unopposed estrogen replacement therapy. Presentation: A 56-year-old female presented to TQEH for management of post menopausal bleeding. She proceeded to undergo a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopgerectomy. She underwent a simultaneous excision of an endometrioma arising in a rectus sheath scar in the setting of previous endometritis. Her previous medical history is otherwise unremarkable with no other recorded malignancies or family history of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Findings: 5–10% of the endometrium showed complex endometrial hyperplasia with secretory change. There was also a background of early mid-secretory change with corpus luteum formation in the right ovary. There were five intramural and subserosal leiomyomas (5–80 mm in diameter) with no evidence of ovarian endometriosis. A single focus of cervical endometriosis was identified. Sectioning through the endometrioma from the rectus sheath showed a clear cell carcinoma arising in the setting of endometriosis. The tumour was ER negative, CK 7 positive, CK 20 negative and CDX2 negative. It measured 12 mm maximally with the closest soft tissue margin 3–4 mm. No origin from the ovaries or endometrium was identified. Conclusion: Carcinoma arising in extra-ovarian foci of endometriosis is a rare but recognised phenomenon. Most of these tumours are either endometrioid or clear cell, as in this case. Radiation and/or chemotherapy is offered with favourable prognosis.


The main aim of thls preseotation is to introduce the concept of spatial autocorrelation as a new analytical tool (with particular reference to population genetic studies) in stock deternlination and fisheries management. Spatial autocorrelation statistics, though used widely in various scientific fields ranging from archaeology to medicine, has been employed in very few marine and other aquatic studies. The method employs visual interpretation of hstribution maps and correlograms to demonstrate and interpet the relationship among and between variables. This method, used in conjunction with other classical statistics such as those employed in population genetics, is useful in the determination of similarity and spatial relationship among stocks, such as "schools" of individuals, and their spatial relationship with other variables is made possible. Spatial autocorrelation may prove to be of particular importance and a major breakthrough in stock determination and the development of fisheries management strategies of nonschooling fish or in cases when singles of schools are caught. The potential application of these statistics to such studies is discussed below.


This paper investigates the computational power of space-bounded quantum Turing machines. The following facts are proved for space-constructible space bounds s satisfying s(n)=?(logn): 1.Any quantum Turing machine (QTM) running in space s can be simulated by an unbounded error probabilistic Turing machine (PTM) run- ning in space O(s). No assumptions on the probability of error or running time for the QTM are required, although it is assumed that all transition amplitudes of the QTM are rational. 2.Any PTM that runs in space s and halts absolutely (i.e., has finite worst-case running time) can be simulated by a QTM running in space O(s). If the PTM operates with bounded error, then the QTM may be taken to operate with bounded error as well, although the QTM may not halt absolutely in this case. In the case of unbounded error, the QTM may be taken to halt absolutely. We therefore have that unbounded error, space O(s) bounded quantum Turing machines and probabilistic Turing machines are equivalent in power and, furthermore, that any QTM running in space s can be simulated deterministically in NC2(2s)?DSPACE(s2)?DTIME(2O(s)). We also consider quantum analogues of nondeterministic and one-sided error probabilistic space-bounded classes and prove some simple facts regarding these classes.


As robots become advanced and affordable enough to have in our daily lives, the next question is: How do we make using these machines as intuitive as possible? Language offers an approachable and relatively accessible interface without requiring prior training on the part of the user. We have seen the integration of voice-assistant speakers in homes drastically increase in the recent years. Voice, and more specifically language, is proving to be a preferred method for interacting with AI-enabled assistants. However, understanding how natural language applies to the physical world is still very much an open problem. Combining language and robotics creates unique challenges that much of the current work on grounded language learning has not addressed. Our proposed approach is to jointly learn language and world representations by learning a projection of both the language and sensor data into a joint space, using a process known as manifold alignment. This will enable learning of more complex grounded language in a domain-independent way. Once completed, this work will provide a bridge between the noisy, multimodal perceived world of the robotic agent and unconstrained natural language.


Within a Bayesian framework, we calculate general upper and lower bounds for a cumulative entropic error, which measures the success in the supervised learning of an unknown rule from examples.


Introduction The epidemic of narcotic prescription drug abuse and its associated high cost and mortality have attracted national attention. Much research has been done to explore the distribution and determinants of the narcotic abuse. Narcotics prescriptions are usually ordered on a PRN basis (i.e., "as needed") with guidelines regarding the appropriate frequency of administration. Most researchers look at narcotic daily dose and days supply to determine a patient's risk for drug abuse. Currently, no standardized method exists to calculate these metrics from observational data. Inconsistency in narcotic measurement methods might lead to discrepancies in daily dose calculation and affect the stratification of patient risk for drug abuse. In this study, we will describe some of the challenges in quantifying narcotic prescriptions into morphine equivalents, the standard unit used for assessing patient risk and predicting mortality.


Method: Fagopyrum was taken as experimental extraction material. Under su percritical condition, we systematically studied the influences of material mois ture content, extraction temperature, pressure and time on the extraction rate. Result and Conclusion: The optical technological condition was d etermined, providing the base for batch process.


Exemplary embodiments of the ventilation system to control the attributes of the electrical device cabinet is provided. The ventilation system generally includes a duct configuration and dimensions is fitted to the electrical device cabinet. Exemplary ventilation system generally includes a damper mounted in the duct, and a sensor attached to at least one of the electrical equipment cabinet and the duct. Sensors are generally effective to produce a signal related to an attribute. Further, an exemplary method for controlling an attribute of the electrical device cabinet having a ventilation system is provided. These methods, generally to maintain a substantially upper differential pressure zero or temperature environment in an electrical equipment cabinet, comprising the step of squeezing the damper based at least in part on the sensed attribute. .FIELD 5


Cementation process GAS, IN WHICH IS AN ARTICLE by feeding a gaseous hydrocarbon and an oxidizing gas gaseous raw materials, directly into a treatment furnace atmospheric heat, characterized WHEN THE PRESSURE INSIDE THE OVEN IS NO, CO SUPPLIED SUB, 2} WITHIN said furnace as a means to relieve any pressure NEGATIVE. Also disclosed is an apparatus cementation GAS, IN WHICH PROVIDES A HOLE gas inlet for supplying a hydrocarbon gas and an oxidative gas, arranged in the upper furnace zone TREATMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT, having a feed element CO SUB, 2}, to relieve any pressure negative in the oven.


State, Society & Governance in Melanesia ips.cap.anu.edu.au/ssgm The 'political settlement' concept has been around for a long time, but like any smart virus it has morphed along the way to suit its various hosts. It appeared first and has its widest currency in the international relations and peace literature, where it describes a negotiated settlement to conflict which spells out how power is to be distributed and managed in the post-conflict state.1 Its next relevant incarnation, for the purposes of this paper, was in the mid-1990s in the writing of Mushtaq Khan, who used the concept to challenge the explanations offered by new institutional economics for state failure in developing countries (Khan 1995). Don't just focus on the institutions, he argues, but look to the political settlement. The performance of institutions, in his analysis, is determined not only by the form of those institutions, but by the way that the inherited balance of power or political settlement interacts with them. He returned to this theme in later writings, and the logic was later taken up by a small band of political economists working with think tanks funded by the United Kingdom development agency, DFID. The concept made its debut in development policy some 12 years later (Whaites 2007) as policymakers wrestled with the central challenge of how to promote stability and growth in fragile and conflict-affected states. Technical approaches to institutional reform and development following liberal-democratic and market economy templates were patently not working as intended and the spotlight was shifting to the political dynamic driving the approaches of partner governments and the interests closest to them. The political settlement concept offered a means both to better understand the complex development context and to calibrate development interventions in response to that context. The adoption of 'political settlement' as a framing concept was led by DFID, and from there it spread to the OECD's International Network on Conflict and Fragility and its members. In the policy analysis that emerged, political settlements were seen as positioned on the cusp of peacebuilding and statebuilding, which were interrelated and overlapping processes. The political settlement was characterised as both the circuitbreaker for conflict and the platform for statebuilding: it established the conditions to end a conflict, and it provided the foundation of every political order. The concept took off before its usage was settled, leaving its proponents to reflect on the absence of definitional clarity (Whaites 2008:7) or its still unfolding interpretation (OECD 2011:31), while nonetheless elevating it to the centre stage of statebuilding policy. Within DFID, the definition underwent minor adjustments over its first few years to emerge in a major DFID practice paper in the following terms:


Computational jobs that take days, weeks or months to run usually cannot be executed as a single job due to system failures and scheduling constraints. Instead the job must be split into a series of shorter jobs. Solutions for managing the execution of such jobs in grid environments must address many issues. Participating systems and their properties can change over time and therefore it is important to have dynamic resource discovery mechanisms. Data management tools are needed to manage and keep track of data that can be distributed across multiple sites. Fault tolerance is required to handle the many different errors and failures that can occur in such environments. Furthermore, support for job reconfiguration, in terms of the number of processors, run length, and memory required, is necessary to allow jobs to adapt to the heterogeneous resources they are submitted to. This paper presents a framework for executing long running jobs in grid environments that addresses the above issues. The framework automates checkpointing, migration and reconfiguration of jobs. It has been successfully tested with the GROMACS molecular dynamics simulation application in a GT4-based grid environment comprised of resources distributed across Canada.


To the Editor:

We read with interest the paper by Li et al,1 which identified 27 microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in plasma from Chinese patients with essential hypertension. These data add to findings for kidneys of differential expression of 24 different miRNAs and 60 mRNAs.2

Hypertension is now another disease in which miRNAs have been implicated. miRNAs negatively regulate transcript levels by binding to the 3′-untranslated region of mRNA and destabilizing it. A polymorphism in an miRNA target site could thus contribute to hypertension. The only example to date in hypertension is the AGT1R A1166C polymorphism targeted by miR-155.3 Alternatively, dysregulation of miRNA expression, …


Masking experiments with frozen‐noise maskers were conducted to investigate the role of distortion products generated by the interaction between the components of a bandpass noise masker. In the first experiment, thresholds of a 900‐Hz sinusoidal signal with a duration of 50 ms (10‐ms ramps included) were measured in the presence of bandpass noise maskers ranging from 1 to 2 kHz. In all measurements the same 500‐ms noise sample was used (frozen noise), presented at overall sound‐pressure levels of 35, 50, 65, or 80 dB. The signal was temporally centered in the masker. Four subjects participated in the experiment. Threshold variations of more than 10 dB were observed on varying the signal phase. The pattern of threshold versus signal phase resembled a sinusoid; the signal phases at the minimum and maximum thresholds differed by about 180 deg. The phase pattern shifted with increasing masker level. The individual shift for the masker range of 45 dB was between 100 and 200 deg. The direction of this shift ag...


Historically, theater is one of the oldest known activities. When a community will gather for a ceremonial purpose: hoping for a good game, asking for rain, or praying a long life for the new leader. Theatrical elements present in these ceremonial activities, for example, appear in singing, dancing, storytelling, and dressing up in costumes and masks of gods and animals. The actors play roles according to their respective capacities in the ceremonial activity of the ritual.


The population dynamic trends of amur tiger's prey and impact factors were studied based on fresh traces of wild boar, red deer and roe deer collected by line transect surveys in 2010 in Eastern Wanda Mountians. Combined with 2003~2004 winter field investigation to collect the tracks of information,comparative analysis of the regional prey species richness change trend. Through monitoring the east-northern tiger, field investigation and the analysis of the satellite image data comprehensive factors led to the decrease of the manchurian tiger prey species richness.The results showed that the relative abundance decreased by 6.12% for roe deer, 13.13% for wild boar and 37.30 for red deer each year. Moreover, we analyzed the impact factors that induced population decline using datasets including monitoring amur tiger,prey surveys and satellite images. The result presented that ungulate decrease was caused by shrinking area and fragment of habitat, preying on ungulate species by amur tiger and poaching activity.


Abstract Eulechriops hovorei, new species, is described from Arizona and Guerrero, México and named in honor of the late Frank Hovore. Eulechriops leucospilus Champion is reported for the first time from México and E. elongatus Champion for the first time from California.


ABSTRACT Core social work leadership practices have been identified on a conceptual level. This article extends this knowledge by synthesising and demonstrating how these core leadership areas are ideally practiced. Common themes arising from a qualitative, multiple case study in three children's services agencies in Ontario, Canada, will be provided. Themes include: the centrality of leadership influence; building trusting relationships; creating shared and achievable visions; role modelling and living values; motivating, coaching, and mentoring staff; fostering teamwork and collaboration; and promoting staff recognition. Challenges to enacting these ideal practices will be analysed from a psychosocial and relationship-based perspective. Practice implications for current and aspiring social work leaders will be highlighted.


Based on the mismatch between the objectives of the course of industrial engineering and all demands of enterprises,this paper analysed the problems in one of the compulsory courses for industrial engineering professionals:Quality Management and Reliability.An experiencing teaching model for the Management and Reliability Course is presented in this paper according to the position role and job descriptions of quality management engineers in modern,aimed to help the students to become qualified engineers,and adapt themselves to their work in no time.


With the objective of ecologically characterize the woody plant communities, twelve sampling sites were randomly se- lected based on cartographic material and digital ortophotos from the Tamaulipan matorral located in Northeastern Mexico. In each site, the minimum sampling area was determined. Thereafter quad - rats of 10 x 10 m were used in variable numbers for the evaluation of the tree and shrub layers, and of 1 m² for the herbaceous layer. In each quadrat, all individuals of any species were registered, measuring its height and crown projection for the determination of density, can- opy cover, frequency and importance value for each species. In order to evaluate the overall community a series of ecological indices were used: richness (Margalef ), diversity (Shannon-Weiner), equitativity (Shannon), dominance (Simpson) and similarity (Sorensen and Jac- card). A total of 160 taxa pertaining to 46 families were found. The families with a greater number of taxa were the Poaceae, Asteraceae and Cactaceae with 19, 18 and 14 taxa, respectively, followed by the Fabaceae with 9 taxa, and the Euphorbiaceae and Acanthaceae with 8 taxa. The rest of the families mostly presented less than 3 taxa, and 23 of them were represented by a single taxon. The estimation of the diversity according to the Index of Shannon-Weiner (H') showed that in the herbaceous and shrub strata the communities with greater H' were the same than those of greater richness. The greater values of H' varied between 1.23-1.56. The equitativity index showed a large variation in the tree stratum of the study communities, reaching val- ues between 0.20-0.90.


The soluble filler in the newly developed metal bonded superabrasive tool named porous self-generation superabrasive tool (PSST) plays the most important role. To investigate the influence of filler material and its content on the mechanical properties, Zn, CaO, SiO2 are employed as the soluble filler.Shear experiments and lapping experiments are carried out. It is found that the shear force of PSST with Zn is the highest, and declines little from 3.2 kN to 2.9kN with increase of filler content from 10wt% to 30wt%. On the contrary, the shear force of PSSTs with CaO and SiO2 decline obviously from 2.1kN to 1.2kN, and 1.7kN to 0.6kN respectively. The wear rate of PSST depends on not only its own mechanical strength but also the dissolution rate of the filler. It comes out that the wear rate of PSST with Zn is similar to that of PSST with SiO2, ranges from 0.04mm/h to 0.13mm/h. The wear rate of PSST with CaO is much lower, ranges from 0.02 mm/h to 0.08 mm/h.


The design, fabrication and characterization of epi-polysilicon test structures for dynamic tensile tests under shock loads ranging from 2,500 g to 30,000 g are reported. In accordance with published data for static fracture strength, their dynamic failure rate obeys a Weibull distribution model. The fracture surfaces suggest that failure criteria based on maximum principal stress are effective. Stresses resulting from shock load were obtained using finite element simulations. It was shown that even slight deviations from optimum loading conditions (i.e., out-of-plane components) can considerably increase the maximum experienced stress. Therefore, the usage of simplistic models to estimate maximum stress levels from shock loads is greatly discouraged. An out-of-plane component was identified in the experimental setup used. Based on an assessment of the magnitude of deviation, the failure stresses are estimated to fall below the quasi-static fracture strength by ca. 50%.


Thank you for reading adjustment and equity in developing countries a new approach. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite novels like this adjustment and equity in developing countries a new approach, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their laptop.


Model predictive control has received wide attention from researchers in both industry and universities over the last two decades. Most approaches, however, were derived on the basis of discrete time models, and their corresponding continuous counter part is still in a relatively immature state of development because of obstacles in obtaining predictions and imposing constraints on the control variable. This paper shows that by using orthonormal functions to describe the trajectory of the control variable, these obstacles can be readily overcome and continuous time predictive control can be solved in a similar framework to the corresponding discrete time case. In addition, because of the parsimonious representation of the control trajectory, the algorithm developed here is computationally efficient. It is also easy to tune the closed-loop performance using two explicit tuning parameters. For several case studies, less than three parameters are required in the optimization procedure, which suggests that this procedure could offer substantial advantages when used in an on-line environment for both continuous and discrete cases.


Background—It has not yet been determined whether lipid-loaded macrophages (foam cells), a major cellular component of atherosclerotic lesions, have the capacity to support growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae and be activated to secrete proinflammatory cytokines in response to C pneumoniae infection. Methods and Results—Lipid loading of RAW 264.7 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages with either oxidized or acetylated LDL significantly inhibits the growth of C pneumoniae. Modified forms of LDL are not directly toxic to C pneumoniae and do not inhibit either the initial binding or internalization of C pneumoniae by macrophages. Lipid loading does not reduce infection of macrophages with Chlamydia trachomatis. Treatment of lipid-loaded macrophages with live, heat-killed, or UV-inactivated C pneumoniae stimulates secretion of cytokines. C pneumoniae also induces expression of the mRNA for tumor necrosis factor-&agr; in foam cells despite inhibition of nuclear factor-&kgr;B binding to DNA by prior treatment with oxidized LDL. Conclusions—Foam cell formation is not conducive to growth of C pneumoniae but does not inhibit the C pneumoniae–induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.


In order to meet voltage targets, energy storage cells are usually used in series. The imbalance of series-connected cells leads to the premature degradation and a decrease in the available energy of the entire pack. One practical approach to improve performance of the energy storage cell stack is to timely perform cells equalization, which is especially essential for a large pack. An optimization model based on Graph Theory for scheduling cell-to-cell balancing is presented in this paper. Ant Colony algorithm is used to minimize the energy loss in equalization process to achieve the optimal balancing strategy, with the potential to fulfill expectations of high balancing efficiency, high speed and expected balanced results. Finally, simulation results are presented to validate the performance of the presented algorithm.


Although large numbers of caregivers of severely ill patients show elevated levels of depression, the considerable variability in caregivers' reactions point to the influence of individual resources and vulnerabilities. The present study assessed how optimism and pessimism relate to depressive symptoms in 138 spouses of lung cancer patients. After statistical control for cancer stage and sociodemographic characteristics, pessimism was related to higher levels of depressive symptoms. No main effect of optimism on depressive symptoms was found. However, an interaction effect of optimism with cancer stage emerged, indicating a negative association between optimism and depressive symptoms in spouses of patients with regional and advanced cancer (stages III and IV). The cross-sectional results were replicated in longitudinal analysis with a subsample of 60 respondents who were still providing care after one year.


Objective:To investigate the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics and the expression of MMP-9 in renal cell carcinoma.Methods:The expression of MMP-9 were detected by the immunohistochemical method in 73 cases of renal cell carcinoma and 18 cases of normal renal tissue.Results:The positive rate of MMP-9 in normal renal spicemens and renal cell carcinoma was 22.2% and 67.1%.The result was significantly different between two groups(P0.01).The expression of MMP-9 correlated with histological grade,stage and lymph node metastasis in the renal cell carcinoma tissues(P0.05).No correlation was found between the expression of MMP-9 and other clinical factor such as patient's sex,age,the size of tumor and pathological type(P0.05).Conclusion:The positive expression of MMP-9 plays an important role in the procedure of invasion and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.


Procrastination is a phenomenon common among college students and is increasing at an alarming rate. With the growing advent of technology, social media can be attributed as one of the causes of procrastination. A comparative study was done among the undergraduate students of Engineering and Humanities in the state of Karnataka, India to identify the relationship between the usage of social media and procrastination and its effect on academic performance. Results were analysed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-square teststatistical tests. The study showed that irrespective of the discipline, academic performance was not impacted due to social media usage. It also explored the rate of Facebook usage and use of mobile phones. The results indicated a significant difference in the usage of Facebook. Humanities undergraduates' students used it more frequently. There was no effect of social media usage on academic performance and the majority of the students accessed social media through their mobile phones. The results also revealed no significant difference between the usage of social media and procrastination. However, based on the Likert scale analysed, we observed that majority of the students agreed that using social media led to procrastination. Thus, with effective management, undergraduate students can decrease academic procrastination


A statistical interpretation of existing parallel magnetic resonance imaging methods reveals that simple least squares or Tikhonov regularization methods are unable to completely remove aliasing and noise from parallel MRI data during reconstruction. We present a Bayesian framework called EPIGRAM which overcomes these problems by introducing powerful edge-preserving spatial coherence priors. We show examples of in vivo reconstructed data which demonstrate significant improvement in SNR, aliasing and root mean square error properties of reconstructed images. Some extensions of the proposed method are suggested and preliminary examples are presented.


Summary In this study we investigated a model for the estimation of pore pressure using compaction trends and a modified Eaton's method which considers effective stress. The region's complexity required an understanding of the tectonic and depositional history prior to the interpretation of normal compaction trends and calibrations with formation pressure measurements. The pore pressure prediction model was then used to estimate the pore pressure distribution using results from simultaneous inversion of 3D seismic data. We integrated the results with a detailed structural and lithological model to evaluate the reservoir connectivity and the complex relationship between pressures, lithology and porosity distribution, structural framework, and fault geometry and sealing properties.


ABSTRACT Although teacher professional identity has been much discussed and reported in teacher education and language education, little empirical evidence addresses how language teachers construct their professional identities as legitimate English practitioners as they have witnessed and encountered the increasingly important role of English as a global lingua franca. To fill this void, this article reports on a narrative case study that investigates how Chinese language teachers construct and negotiate their professional identities as legitimate English practitioners. Drawing on identity theory, the article showcases how a group of Chinese English teachers challenged the ideology of native-speakerism as they were routinely engaged in the construction of what it means to become legitimate English teachers. The implication of this study calls for the inclusion of Global Englishes and critical language pedagogy in language teacher education.


Decision Support System (DSS) is a system that can assist a person in making accurate decisions and targeted. Many problems can be solved by using CMS, one of which is a decision support system round oil sales. There are several methods that can be used in building a Weigted Produck SPK them. Weighted product method is one of several methods MADM (Multi attribute Decision Making). MADM method is a method of decision-making that is based on multiple attributes. This study uses a product weighted in determining the feasibility of a decision support system round oil sales.And there are some criteria on which to base decisions, among others, price, distance, trannfortasi. To create a new system that mengefesienkan time in processing the sales data, Provide an overview of a suitable price for oil where the coconut farmers will be marketed. This research is beneficial to coconut seller. As the clouds or the community is able to sell the coconut with high prices and minimal costs.


This paper presents a high performance architecture for the important task of unsupervised data clustering in computer vision applications. This architecture is suitable for VLSI implementation, as it exploits paradigms of massive connectivity like those inspired by neural networks, and parallelism and functionality integration that can be afforded by emerging nanometer semiconductor technologies. By utilizing a "global-systolic, local-hyper-connected" architectural approach, this architecture can be suitable for the processing of real time DVD quality video at the highest rate allowed by the MPEG-2 standard. This implies a performance improvement of 118 times or better than approaches using conventional compute platforms.


Instant messaging has changed and simplified the way people communicate, whether in professional or personal life. Most communication is done through instant messaging, and it is common for people to miss important information. This is due to the huge amount of incoming message notifications, so users tend to accidentally ignore them. This is also experienced by Universitas Multimedia Nusantara (UMN) student committees who communicate via LINE instant messenger. This research showed LINE bot was made by using the Naive Bayes algorithm to classify between important messages and unimportant messages on the committee group. The Naive Bayes algorithm is a classification algorithm based on probability and statistical methods. The Naive Bayes algorithm is chosen because it is widely implemented in spam filtering; the method is simple and has good accuracy. The classification process is done by calculating the probability of chat in each class based on the value of the word likelihood which generated in the training process. This research produces spam precision and spam recall as 94.2% and 95.6% respectively


The controlling factors,including slurry trenching depth and sequences,slurry holding time,variations of slurry pressure and concreting of the panel,are studied to evaluate the effects of the construction of a diaphragm wall on adjacent ground responses based on the in-situ monitoring results,which consist of lateral soil movements and ground settlements.Analyses of the monitoring data show that slurry trenching of the panel will lead to dramatic ground movements,especially in the soft strata.The effects of slurry holding time on ground movements are not significant,but attention should be paid to soil deformation velocity.Ground movements decline a little with the raise of slurry level,while lowering slurry level causes significant increase of ground movements.Concreting of the panel pushes the soil back and decreases ground movements.


All over Africa, traditional healers use medicinal plants to prepare medicines to treat a wide range of illnesses. One of these illnesses is sickle cell anaemia or drepanocytosis or sicklemia. This disease is particularly common among sub-Saharan Africans with a clear predominance in equatorial Africa. However, it also exists in North Africa, Greece, Turkey, Saudi Arabia and India. An estimated 50 million people are affected worldwide. A literature review on sickle cell anaemia revealed that a number of plants have anti-drepanocytosic activity. The availability and frequency of ethnobotanic use of plants were taken into account when selecting the plants investigated in this study. Cajanus cajan, Callistemon viminalis, Melaleuca bracteata var. Revolution Gold and Syzygium guineense (from DRC and South Africa) were selected for study. The selected plants were subjected to modern phytochemical analysis. A total of 8 compounds were isolated from the plants' extracts and their structures determined by modern spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D NMR, FT-IR and MS). S. guineense from DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo) yielded flavanonoid glycoside (A) as its major chemical constituent. The South African S. guineense afforded 4 compounds namely betulinic acid (B), sitosterol (C), friedelan-3-one (D) and a betulinic acid derivative (E). Cajanus cajan showed the presence of fatty acids, one of them was characterized as an unsaturated fatty acid (I). Callistemon viminalis afforded one compound, betulic acid (F) and Melaleuca bracteata afforded two compounds which were characterized as betulinic acid acetate (G) and ursolic acid acetate (H).


C. S. Lewis "was acutely conscious of the hiddenness of God, of the inexhaustible mystery of the Divine," according to Kallistos Ware, Bishop of Diokleia and the Spalding Lecturer in Orthodox Studies at Oxford University. It is an awareness Lewis held in common with the Orthodox tradition ("God" 56). Although Lewis's apologetic works, Ware continues, with their almost overconfident reliance on reason and moral law, are cataphatic in tenor, an apophatic side is evident in his imaginative writings. (1) Michael Ward argues that Ware's insight is applicable to Lewis's general theological vision, his continual emphasis on God's unperceived omnipresence and proximity: "The major feature of his spirituality is the exercising of Enjoyment consciousness in order to experience that hidden divinity" (Planet 227). This paper will build on those comments and show that a subtle mixture of hiddenness and revelation is characteristic of Lewis's imaging of Christ in his major fiction--the Space Trilogy, the Chronicles of Narnia, and Till We Have Faces. Such a "hidden" approach is apparent in Lewis's earliest work of fiction, Out of the Silent Planet, published in 1938. Hiding the Christian references was easier then than it was later in Lewis's career. Today Lewis is well known as one of the twentieth century's leading defenders of the Christian faith, and readers expect to find, and thus look for, Christian themes in his fiction. But that was not the case in 1938. At that point his name would have been recognized only by literary scholars. They knew it because of the recent publication of a brilliant study of the courtly love tradition, The Allegory of Love. That book, and a half-dozen scholarly articles, marked Lewis as a leading figure in the post-war generation of literary scholars. The only other things he had published at that point were three books with very low sales figures: a collection of war poems entitled Spirits in Bondage; a long narrative poem, Dymer (both published under the pseudonym Clive Hamilton--his own first name and his mother's maiden name); and a rather strange work entitled The Pilgrim's Regress, which is an allegorical account of his sojourns as an agnostic (he said atheist) in his teens and twenties, and his journey back to the Christian faith, which culminated in 1931. It is now evident from The Pilgrim's Regress that Lewis had begun using his writing skills in support of the faith to which he had returned, but readers then would not be aware of this. In Out of the Silent Planet, a middle-aged professor, Elwin Ransom, who reminds the reader of both Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, is kidnapped by a scientist and an adventurer (Edward Rolles Weston and Richard Devine), and taken with them on a space vehicle to Mars (though called by its "Old Solar" name, Malacandra, in the novel). The flight is a journey into experience and self-knowledge for Ransom as he learns, for example, that space is not cold, empty, and barren, but is pulsating with light and spiritual life. After arriving on Malacandra, he escapes from his captors and spends several months living with the hrossa, the poets and musicians of the planet: rational, gentle, charitable creatures. They live in perfect peace and cooperativeness with two other rational species, the sorns (scientists and philosophers) and the pfifltriggi (craftsmen and artists). From the hrossa and sorns, Ransom learns about the spiritual beings who look after Malacandra. Each planet in the solar system has a guardian angel called Oyarsa, who is served by numberless lesser angels called eldils. But the Oyarsas are not the supreme spiritual beings. When Ransom asks the hrossa if the Malacandrian Oyarsa had made the planet, their answer is the first example of Lewis providing an image of Christ that simultaneously reveals and conceals: "Did people in Thulcandra [Earth] not know that Maleldil the Young had made and still ruled the world?" (106). For readers familiar with the Bible, this passage clearly betrays that Maleldil the Young is the Malacadrian name for Christ, the second person of the Trinity, who is creator and ruler of Earth: "Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made" (John 1. …


In this study, we investigated the impacts of land use alterations from harvesting practices on the regional surface climate over the North China Plain. The surface climate responses after harvest in June in regions where double‐cropping is practiced were evaluated using observations and model simulations with the global climate model HadGEM2‐Atmosphere. Responses were modeled under both present and possible future climate conditions. In the model, double‐cropping was represented using the monthly varying fraction of vegetation. This contributed to an improvement in the model simulation over East Asia. Modeling results showed that the land surface was warmer and drier after harvest, and these simulation results were consistent with observations. The bare soil surface after harvest in June had biophysical impacts on the surface climate that were mediated by decreasing evapotranspiration and latent heat flux effects, which increased surface air temperatures and decreased surface humidity. An increase in shortwave radiation also contributed to the rise in temperatures. Under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios for possible future climate conditions, land conversion induced additional warming in addition to greenhouse gases induced global warming. The RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6 scenarios demonstrated a warming of 1.0°C and 1.4°C due to harvesting practices in June, respectively. The response magnitude was affected by the climate conditions in each RCP. Our results suggest that potential impacts of harvest on the local climate need to be considered in future projections of CO2‐induced warming on a regional scale.


Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the application of dexmedetomidine in pediatric intravenous general anesthesia without tracheal intubation. Methods: From January 2014 to January 2017, a total of 152 children that received intravenous general anesthesia without tracheal intubation, before scheduled surgeries, were recruited in this study. They were divided into an observation group (n=82) and a control group (n=70) by means of a random number table. For children in the observation group, intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine was administered at 1.0 μg/kg within 10 minutes after initiation of intravenous anesthesia. When complete, the maintaining dose was pumped intravenously at 1.0 μg/kg/h and then propofol at 1-2 mg/kg per hour. The 70 children in the control group received equal doses of normal saline during intravenous general anesthesia. Time for leaving the post-anesthesia care unit (PACT), awakening time, scores on the pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scale, adverse events in the recovery period, heart rates (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum cortisol, and aldosterone levels at different time points were compared between the two study groups. Results: Time for leaving from the PACT and awakening time of children were insignificantly different between the observation group and control group (P>0.05). PAED scores for postoperative emergence delirium (ED) and incidences of pain and restlessness in the recovery period in the observation group were all remarkably lower than the control group (all P<0.05). At different time points (10 min, 20 min, and 30 min after dexmedetomidine or normal saline pump infusion and at the end of surgery), slower heart rates (HR), higher mean arterial pressure (MAP), and lower cortisol and aldosterone levels of children were noted in the observation group compared to control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of dexmedetomidine to pediatric intravenous general anesthesia, without tracheal intubation, can lead to stabilization of the circulatory system, relieve stress response, and effectively reduce restlessness and pain during the recovery period. Thus, it is worthy of extensive clinical use.


Disclosed is a negative electrode for aqueous solution electrolysis, which comprises: a conductive base that has a nickel surface; a mixture layer that is formed on the surface of the conductive base and contains nickel metal, nickel oxide and carbon atoms; and an electrode catalyst layer that is formed on the surface of the mixture layer. The electrode catalyst layer is configured of a layer that contains a platinum group metal or a compound of a platinum group metal. The negative electrode for aqueous solution electrolysis is suitable for electrolysis of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide.


Wilkinson's "income inequality and social cohesion" model has emerged as a leading research program in social epidemiology. Public health scholars and activists working toward the elimination of social inequalities in health can find several appealing features in Wilkinson's research. In particular, it provides a sociological alternative to former models that emphasize poverty, health behaviors, or the cultural aspects of social relations as determinants of population health. Wilkinson's model calls for social explanations, avoids the subjectivist legacy of U.S. functionalist sociology that is evident in "status" approaches to understanding social inequalities in health, and calls for broad policies of income redistribution. Nevertheless, Wilkinson's research program has characteristics that limit its explanatory power and its ability to inform social policies directed toward reducing social inequalities in health. The model ignores class relations, an approach that might help explain how income inequalities are generated and account for both relative and absolute deprivation. Furthermore, Wilkinson's model implies that social cohesion rather than political change is the major determinant of population health. Historical evidence suggests that class formation could determine both reductions in social inequalities and increases in social cohesion. Drawing on recent examples, the authors argue that an emphasis on social cohesion can be used to render communities responsible for their mortality and morbidity rates: a community-level version of "blaming the victim." Such use of social cohesion is related to current policy initiatives in the United States and Britain under the New Democrat and New Labor governments.


In the digital age, the vehicle has gone beyond the basic properity of the vehicle has gradually become a mobile data port. From the perspective of users, the comfortable, safe and high-speed driving experience of vehicles no longer meets the needs of users. In the future, vehicle will become an important tool for mobile life service. Therefore, the vehicle artistic modelling design is bound to the direction of digital, intelligent development. In this paper, the key factors affecting the vehicle art design are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, and the law of the new energy vehicle art design is explored from two aspects of technology and art. Then the method of new energy vehicle art design is discussed.


T HE material expansion of the Japanese Empire has been accomplished mainly at the expense of China. The penetration of the mainland of Asia began in the last half of the nineteenth century, very shortly after Japan had surrendered her isolation at the insistence of the United States and the European Powers. It has taken many forms ranging from the out-andout annexation of Chinese soil, the leasing of territory, and the declaration of spheres of influence, to the attempt to secure control of resources through commercial domination. It has been inspired by a number of motiv es-defense, the need of an outlet for the


An ion microprobe has been combined with a quadrupole equipped secondary ion mass spectrometer. Operating the microprobe in the raster scanning mode, ion images with a lateral resolution of about 10 μ could be obtained. Moreover, the system provides stereoscopic imaging. In‐depth profiling capabilities of the instrument are also described briefly.


Abstract We used principal coordinates analysis to analyze variation in 11 plumage characteristics of 1,722 Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) breeding at 55 different sites from throughout the species' range in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. There is clinal interpopulational variation in size with considerable overlap among localities. Savannah Sparrows resident along the Pacific coast of southern California and Baja California, and those from along the coast of Sinaloa and Sonora (i.e., saltmarsh Savannah Sparrows) differ from those throughout the rest of their range (i.e., non-saltmarsh). Variation among populations of non-saltmarsh Savannah Sparrows was clinal with the exception of those from Sable Island, Nova Scotia, which are consistently more pallid than birds from the adjacent mainland. Western Savannah Sparrows are more pallid than those in the east. The median crown stripe of eastern Savannah Sparrows is distinct, whereas the median crown stripe of western Savannah Sparrows generally is indistinct or narrow. Savannah Sparrows, with the exception of those on Sable Island, are also more pallid in relatively hot and dry areas than in cool mesic sites, following the general prediction of Gloger's Rule. There is clinal variation of saltmarsh populations along the Pacific coast with those in the north being relatively dark in coloration, and with more yellow in the supercilium than those farther south. There is also clinal variation among the populations from the east coast of the Gulf of California with pallid birds in the north, where vegetation is sparse, and darker birds to the south; these coastal birds have indistinct median crown stripes and little yellow in the supercilium.


by the streptococcal infection of the meninges whicli haa obviously occurred before death. The cerebro-spinal fluid of this patient had given a positive reaction before death. A known positive cerebro-spinal fluid was inoculated from a culture of this streptococcus, with the result that a considerable degree of haemolysis was obtained. Witlh regard to the serums giving positive reactions in cases that were not apparently specitic, we would explain the anomalous reactions as the result of decomposition of the serum, for we have found tlhat as soon as the serun commences to show any turbidity the reactions will tend to become positive. In some of these cases decomposition lhad obviously commenced even when the blood was renmoved from the body.


We present a comprehensive experimental study of ten leading algorithms for the minimum mean cycle problem. For most of these algorithms, there has not been a clear understanding of their performance in practice although theoretical bounds have been proved for their running times. Only an experimental study can shed light on whether changes in an algorithm that make its running time theoretically more e cient are worth the overhead in terms of their payo in practice. To this end, our experimental study provides a great deal of insight. In our evaluation, we programmed these algorithms uniformly and e ciently. We systematically compared them on a test suite composed of random graphs as well as benchmark circuits. Above all, our experimental results provide important insights into the individual performance as well as relative performance of these algorithms in practice. One of the most surprising results of this study is that Howard's algorithm, a well known algorithm to the stochastic control community but a relatively unknown algorithm to the graph theory community, is by far the fastest algorithm on our test suite although the only known bound on its running time is exponential. We also present two new, stronger bounds on its running time.


Ligusticum porteri Coult & Rose (Apiaceae) is a perennial herb which grows in the pine-oak forests of the southern and central Rocky Mountains (U.S.A.) and the northern Sierra Madre Occidental (Mexico) (1). It produces a rootstock with a strong characteristic odour, which is widely used in folk medicine by the Tarahumara indians. A tea from this plant material is employed to alleviate stomachaches, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal disorders. In addition, powdered rhizornes are applied topically to wounds in order to prevent infections (2). It has been noted that wild bears also use L. porteri as a topical insecticide or antiparasitic agent (3). Z-Ligustilide (1), and the ligustffide dimers riligustilide (2) and diligustilide (3), as well as isovanillin and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid have previously been found in a chloroform extract of the rootstocks (4). In this investigation we report on the composition of the hexanic extract of the roots of this plant. Letters


For solution of a system of linear algebraic equations by the Monte Carlo method a method of the successive approximations is used. The next in turn iteration is modeled as a random vector, the expectation of which coincides with the corresponding Seidel's iteration. The existence and the boundedness of dispersions of the limiting vector is proved. The system of linear equations, to which satisfy the cross-correlations of the limiting vector, and the limiting correlations of two successive approximations is delivered. All these correlations are unknowns of the common linear system and may be found only simultaneously. The boundedness of dispersions of the limiting vector leads to the stochastic stability of algorithm. The number of iterations giving the desirable exactness is estimated. As an examples, the systems of the orders of n = 3 and n = 100 are studied. Refs 7. Tables 1.


Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease characterised by immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies to BP180 and BP230 [1]. Autoantibodies against BP180 have proved to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of BP, whereas autoantibodies against BP230 are thought not to be involved [2, 3]. Pruritus represents an important symptom in BP. Several authors investigated the association between serum levels of autoantibodies and disease severity [1-8], however, only few studies evaluated [...]


The mathematical models representing machine tool chatter dynamics have been cast as differential equations with delay. The suppression of regenerative chatter by spindle speed variation is attracting increasing attention. In this paper, we study nonlinear delay differential equations with periodic delays which models the machine tool chatter with continuously modulated spindle speed. The explicit time-dependent delay terms, due to spindle speed modulation, are replaced by state dependent delay terms by augmenting the original equations. The augmented system of equations is autonomous and has two pairs of pure imaginary eigenvalues without resonance. The reduced bifurcation equation is obtained by making use of Lyapunov–Schmidt Reduction method.


Larger and larger sizes gradually employed until the present one was tolerated. Patient now breathes freely through larynX, and makes sounds faintly resembling voice (possibly by vibrating the ventricular bands). Arytenoids do not move, but a structure in the position of right vocal cord does so to some extent. Advice sought as to when the tracheotomy tube may safely be discarded (if at all), and as to methods of vocal re-education.


Abstract Devolution has transferred important policy competences to sub-state levels in Europe but there has been little research on the effect of this on policy choices. Studies of the United Kingdom, Spain and Belgium illustrate different patterns, dependent on the allocation of competences, historic influences, policy communities and political conditions.


The argument that contemporary capitalism is radically transformed (entering a new stage or a completely new system) because finance came to dominate the whole system is a popular tenet not only in Heterodox but also in Mainstream Economics. This is a hypothesis that is considered within Heterodox Economics as indisputable. Furthermore, it is believed that it offers a radical critique of the prevailing socio-economic system and a useful guide to political action against it. This paper disputes both the explanatory validity and the political usefulness of the Financialisation Hypothesis and argues that, instead of enlightening, it misconceives the actual workings of modern capitalism leading to an explanatory blind alley. The FH essentially subverts the total circuit of capital by positing circulation (instead of production) at its center. Furthermore, it either downgrades or explicitly rejects the production-centered surplus-value exploitation mechanism in favour of a problematic circulation-based expropriation mechanism. Thus, it, implicitly or explicitly, leads to a different from typical capitalism's class structure which is both analytically and empirically erroneous. The financial system's ballooning during the recent decades of weak profitability and accumulation does not constitute a new stage, let alone a new capitalism. The increased use of fictitious capital operations is a well-known capitalist reaction in periods of weak profitability. The creation of new financial instruments represent new special forms of appearance of this usual capitalist process. The Marxist theory of crisis and fictitious capital offers an analytically and empirically superior understanding of this process compared to either the post-Keynesian (rentier vs capitalist) or the Marxisant (new exploitation mechanisms etc.) versions of the Financialisation Hypothesis.


PURPOSE
Few longitudinal studies on changes of decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) counts in a population have been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in DMFT counts in Ljubljana citizens in a 30-year period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
238 dentate subjects that attended the third epidemiological study were invited. Ninety 45-95-year-old subjects (37.8%) responded to our invitation. Two (2.2%) edentulous subjects were excluded. Among the dentate subjects there were 28 men and 60 women. They were divided in six age groups with mean age of 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, and 95 years. The number of subjects in each age group was: 29, 12, 21, 18, 7, and 1, respectively. For evaluation of the state of teeth we used the DMFT index.

RESULTS
The average DMFT value for 45-95-year-old population was 19.3. Mean DMFT counts in all comparable age groups (45-, 55- and 65-years) decreased in 30 years. In 45 year olds they decreased from 17.5 to 15.7, in 55-year-olds they decreased from 20.4 to 19.2, and in 65 year olds they decreased from 22.5 to 20.7. An increase of the average number of present teeth (for 6.4 teeth in average) from the first to the fourth study in subjects of the same age was seen.

CONCLUSION
Dental health in Slovenia has improved in 30 years. Average DMFT counts in subjects of the same age (45-, 55- and 65-years) have decreased. Ljubljana citizens have less decayed, less missing and more filled teeth than 30 years ago.


Background: Femoral artery false aneurysms are a relatively common complication after cardiac catheterization. The majority of small pseudoaneurysms undergo spontaneous occlusion but larger ones usually require treatment. Aim: To prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous ultrasound - guided thrombin injection (UGTI) in the management of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms. Methods: One hundred and eighty six consecutive patients (95 female, age 64.8 ± 11.3 years) with post- catheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysm were treated with ultrasound-guided local thrombin injection. At the time of diagnosis 39 (21%) patients were receiving anticoagulation therapy, 103 (55.4%) antiplatelet therapy only, and 44 (23.6%) both types of therapy. Results: A single-chamber pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed in 145 (78%) patients and complex pseudoaneurysm in 41 (22%). A total number of 198 thrombin injection was performed: 1.04 injection per patient with single-chamber pseudoaneurysm and 1.12 injections per patient with complex pseudoaneurym. The mean dose of injected bovine thrombin was 620 IU. UGTI was primarily successful in 175 of 186 patients (94%): in 139 (95.9%) patients with single-chamber and in 36 (87.8%) patients with complex pseudoaneurysms (p = 0.07). Including a second attempt the success rate was 143 (98.6%) patients for single-chamber and 40 (97.6%) patients for complex pseudoaneurysm (p = 0.52). In addition, one single-chamber pseudoaneurysm was obliterated after a third injection. Overall, the treated pseudoaneurysms were completely occluded in 184 (98.9%) patients. Final success rate did not differ between patients with single-chamber and complex pseudoaneurysms (99.3 vs. 97.6%, p = 0.39, respectively). Two major complications occurred: a symptomatic peripheral thrombosis and an episode of loss of consciousness. Conclusions: Ultrasound guided occlusion of iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms using thrombin injec- tion is an efficacious and safe procedure.


Several operational magnetic amplifier stages of low and medium power levels were designed and tested in a nuclear radiation environment to levels of 1 x 1016 neutrons/cm2 (E > 0.1 Mev) and were found to exhibit acceptable performance. Various diode characteristics were obtained under radiation to correlate behavior with amplifier designs. Diode test results are presented for irradiations at three different reactor facilities.


Polygenic risk scores, or PRS, are a tool to estimate individuals' liabilities to a disease or trait measurement based solely on genetic information. One commonly discussed potential use is in the clinic to identify people who are at greater risk of developing a disease. In this paper, we investigate the suitability of three large PRS for coronary artery disease (CAD) for clinical use. In the UK Biobank, the cohort which was used in the creation of each score, we calculated the association between CAD, the scores, and population structure for the white British subset. After adjustment for geographic and socioeconomic factors, CAD was not associated with population structure; however all three scores were confounded by genetic ancestry, raising questions about how these biases would impact clinical application. Furthermore, we investigated the differences in risk stratification using four different UK Biobank assessment centers as separate cohorts and tested how missing genetic data affected risk stratification through simulation and comparisons to scores calculated in French Canadians. We show that missing data impact classification for extreme individuals for high-and low-risk, and quantiles of risk is sensitive to individual-level genotype missingness. Distributions of scores varied between assessment centers, revealing that thresholding based on quantiles can be problematic for consistency across centers and populations. We highlight three criteria that a genetic risk score must fulfill in order to be used to stratify patients in the clinic: 1) it must be robust to population structure 2) scores must provide absolute thresholds for risk levels, and 3) there must be an approach to compensate for missing genetic data. Finally, we propose potential avenues of improvements for determining individual's genetic liability to a complex trait such as CAD.


The present invention relates to a discharge control circuit, a light emitting device and a driving method, i.e., the charge and discharge control circuit of the present invention includes: a driving state and a non-driving state is the driving element, the charge element grounded at one end, and connecting the drive circuit to control the driving element is driven state and a non-driven state. The circuit further includes: a charging path connected to the driven element, driven element such that the residual charge and / or the driven element being connected to a wiring generated by the non-driven state of the charging with the charging member; and a discharge passage connected charging member, so that the driving state of the residual charge by the charging device starts to discharge to the ground. Whereby errors due to residual charge caused by the lighting, provide a high quality display device or the like discharge control circuit and the like does not occur.


Three variants of a Crotalus atrox venom enzyme that cleaves primarily the Arg42 - Ala bond of the B beta-chain of human fibrinogen were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and were shown by N-terminal sequence analysis to be amino acid isoforms. All are single-chain glycoproteins whose approximate molecular weights lie between 26,000 and 28,000. The isoenzymes also cleaved the A alpha-chain at Arg491 - His, though much more weakly, with strengths for both bonds that varied among the isoforms.


Persia's relations with the two rival great powers Britain and Russia were influenced in the period we are investigating by two major international events. The first was the Crimean War, in which the Tsar and the Shah failed to involve Persia. The second was the Anglo-Persian War of 1856-1857, which broke out as a result of the Shah's attempt to unite by every means the purely Afghan province of Herat with his own holdings. Russia's ruling circles felt a certain temptation to take advantage of the Anglo-Persian armed conflict in which Britain was deeply involved in order to exact revenge for the great loss that Russia had suffered in the Crimean War. However, for understandable reasons, Petersburg had to reject such thoughts and adopt a position of non-interference according to the Russo-Persian treaty of 29 September 1854. The new Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prince A. M. Gorchakov, decisively rejected the Shah's request for assistance' although he had quite mixed feelings about the request. It was precisely then that he, whose previous career had been connected only with Europe, came to a clear understanding of the inevitability of a political and economic struggle with Britain in the depths of Asia.2 He was particularly impressed by a report that was causing quite a stir in those days in military and diplomatic circles in Petersburg. It was written in January 1856 by Staff Major General Blaramburg, a commander in Persia during the Crimean War with a special mission. It said in part:


Wildfire risk has globally increased during the past few years due to several factors. An efficient and fast response to wildfires is extremely important to reduce the damaging effect on humans and wildlife. This work introduces a methodology for designing an efficient machine learning system to detect wildfires using satellite imagery. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model is optimized to reduce the required computational resources. Due to the limitations of images containing fire and seasonal variations, an image augmentation process is used to develop adequate training samples for the change in the forest's visual features and the seasonal wind direction at the study area during the fire season. The selected CNN model (MobileNet) was trained to identify key features of various satellite images that contained fire or without fire. Then, the trained system is used to classify new satellite imagery and sort them into fire or no fire classes. A cloud-based development studio from Edge Impulse Inc. is used to create a NN model based on the transferred learning algorithm. The effects of four hyperparameters are assessed: input image resolution, depth multiplier, number of neurons in the dense layer, and dropout rate. The computational cost is evaluated based on the simulation of deploying the neural network model on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE device, including Flash usage, peak random access memory (RAM) usage, and network inference time. Results supported that the dropout rate only affects network prediction performance; however, the number of neurons in the dense layer had limited effects on performance and computational cost. Additionally, hyperparameters such as image size and network depth significantly impact the network model performance and the computational cost. According to the developed benchmark network analysis, the network model MobileNetV2, with 160 × 160 pixels image size and 50% depth reduction, shows a good classification accuracy and is about 70% computationally lighter than a full-depth network. Therefore, the proposed methodology can effectively design an ML application that instantly and efficiently analyses imagery from a spacecraft/weather balloon for the detection of wildfires without the need of an earth control centre.


The influence of transition metal (Cu 2 - , Zn 2 - , Fe 2 - and Co 2 - ) and heavy metal ions (Hg 2 - . Pb 2 - and Cd 2 - ) on the activities of Na + /K + -ATPase and Mg 2 - -ATPase isolated from rat synaptic plasma membranes (SPM) was investigated. The aim of the study was to elucidate the inhibition of both ATPase activities by exposure to the considered metal ions as a function of their affinity to bind to the -SH containing ligand L-cysteine, as a model system. The half-maximum inhibitory activities (IC 5 0 ) of the enzymes were determined as parameters of rectangular hyperbolas and correlated with the stability constant (K 8 ) of the respective metal-ion-L-cysteine complex. The linear Dixon plots indicate equilibrium binding of the investigated ions to both enzymes.


Kinetics of hydrogen reduction of iron ores can be studied by determining the rate of reduction by hydrogen and incorporating the data on the effect of temperature, hydrogen flow rate, particle variation, and composition on the rate of reduction by measuring the water formed due to reaction and/or the loss in weight of iron ore. Changes in electrical conductivity of iron ores, during reduction by hydrogen has been utilised by the authors as a method for the determination of rate of reduction of iron ores thereby eliminating the possibilities of inaccurate measurements as involved in water collection and loss in weight methods. In this investigation, the effect of temperature on the electrical conductivity of iron ores before reduction was studied inferring that electrical resistance decreases as the temperature increases. The resistance is also found to decrease during reduction due to the formation of more metallic iron ores. (B.M. Dutta, Senior Scientific Assistant, K.N. Gupta, Scientist and A.N. Kapoor, Scientist, National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur)


A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTERS DEGREE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH AND LITERARY STUDIES FACULTY OF ARTS, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA


Defining manufacturing tolerances is an important task for a process planner before starting production of a new product or introducing new processes. One of the more complex processes to handle is ...


We are interested in the motion of a classical charge coupled to the Maxwell self-field and subject to a uniform external magnetic field, B0. This is a physically relevant, but difficult, dynamical problem, to which contributions range over more than 100 years. Specifically, we will study the Sommerfeld–Page approximation, which assumes an extended charge distribution at small velocities. The memory equation is then linear and many details become available. We discuss how the effective friction equation arises in the limit of 'small' B0 and contrast this result with the standard Taylor expansion resulting in a second-order equation for the velocity of the charge.


To meet the requirements of data processing in surveying,this paper introduces a kind of design and implementation of data import to AutoCAD and mapping system of total station in detail.The system takes the Visual Basic for Application(call VBA as follows)as the development platform,and makes use of communication control MSComm in Visual Basic 6.0(call VB as follows),data communication of a computer is carried out with Total Station.The original data will be downloaded to computer and the data format will be converted into coordinate date format(The paper take all of the Leica GSI format Total Station for example).Then exhibitions in the AutoCAD are drawn into graph.In order to increase the degree of automation,the system has achieved the function of Mapping On A Key.


The article presents an analysis of the influence of selection a pipe diameter on the operating costs of a heating installation in the context of the expected increase in electricity charges required to motive the main circulation pump of the installation. As a result of a combination of several factors affecting the Polish energy sector based on coal, energy price increases seem inevitable. Polish government's response to the forecasted increases in charges for electricity is a proposal to introduce subsidies for electricity bills. The article presents the results of the analysis of pipe selection from several standard types, including investment and operating costs, and a comparison of results before and after the increase in electricity charges and including the influence of limescale precipitation on the internal surfaces of pipe walls. The results analyzes show that the increase in charges for electricity affects the selection of the pipe diameter, like the problem of the formation of limescale can significantly reduce the efficiency of the installation and in extreme cases, can lead to a complete stop of installation.


Biostimulants are studied as a possible agricultural practice that anticipates the reproductive stages of chickpeas to avoid their coincidence with high temperatures and hydric stress periods. The effect of several types of biostimulants on different chickpea varieties was analyzed. The Blanco Sinaloa chickpea variety showed opposite patterns with respect to biostimulant effect on germination success and vegetative and radicular development when compared with two other chickpea varieties, namely Amelia, a well-known variety, and IMIDRA10, a recently developed variety. Blanco Sinaloa is cultured under water irrigation conditions, while Amelia and IMIDRA10 are used under rainfed conditions. Blanco Sinaloa and IMIDRA10 are Kabuli-type varieties, while Amelia is Desi-type. All varieties emerged 9 days after the sowing, but Amelia nascence was more abundant at the beginning, on day 9. On day 32, the picture was quite different, since Blanco Sinaloa had germinated 100% in practically all treatments, followed by Amelia and IMIDRA10. There were significant differences between plant lengths among the three varieties, since Blanco Sinaloa is much larger than Amelia and IMIDRA10. Blanco Sinaloa was the only variety in which the plant lengths of biostimulant-impregnated seeds were superior to those of untreated plants; that is, it was the only one that was positively affected by biostimulants. Chickpea seeds should be treated with biostimulants such that they are dry for sowing, because the mechanic seeder only works with dry seeds.


In the application of micro-structural monitoring, one kind of flexible and stretchable sensing elements was urgently demanded to detect the micro-bending and surface distortions, such as micro-bend sensing elements of medical catheter or smart skin sensing unit of micro-robots. Here the sensing element must be stretchable and flexible for free operation, and must be safe enough when used in bio-medical situation. Although the optical fiber grating is very mature and can be used as sensing element in micro-bending situation, it isn't stretchable enough and flexible enough when used in bio-medical science and micro- structural monitoring, and when applied in human body, the fiber grating isn't safe enough for its easily broken character. In this paper a kind of novel flexible and stretchable polymer grating sensing elements was fabricated by micro-replication process which could be used in micro- structural monitoring, and detailed processes was presented and discussed.


A device for closing a wall opening (28), in particular an access, a preferably cast from concrete electrical switching station (10) having a breakdown limits (29, 30, 36) of the wall (12) vesting frame (23, 51) of plug-in profiles (24, 50, 52, 52


In this paper, a semi quantitative analysis method for ERA is presented for oil field development, in which the risk of accident and environmental impact are integrated. The term, integrated grade of environmental risk is put forward. In the case study of the Songfangtun oil field development project, the environmental risk assessment is done comprehensively taking into account of the process of oil field development. It provides important basis for decision making of oil field development.


The debate about what constitutes good teaching in the industrialized countries of the world tends to be carried over into the developing world without examining ways in which social and cultural contexts of the originating countries differ from those of the receiv'ng ones. This study explores differences in perceptions of elementary education students in four countries (Finland, United States, Botswana, and Zimbabwe) and the extent to which effective classroom practices and teaching methodologies interact with social norms and expectations. Teachers in training (N-279) from the four countries completed a two-part questionnaire identifying their own most effective and ineffective elementary school teacher and rank-ordering 14 teacher characteristics in terms of how important they thought each of these to have been in contributing toward making this teacher seem effective. Results indicate broad agreement among respondents with respect to effective and ineffective teacher characteristics; disagreement was reflected in terms of educational traditions and social and cultural contexts, which may lead to different philosophical assumptions about the role and purpose of education and teaching. (A summary of findings and rankings for each country is displayed in tabular form.) (Contains 32 references.) (LL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Elements of "Good Teaching": A Comparison of Education Students' Perceptions in Botswana, California, Finland and Zimbabwe. John Yoder Larry Shaw Ben Siyakwazi Kaarina Yli-renko Fresno Pacific College San Diego University of University of 1717 S. Chestnut State Zimbabwe Turku Ave. University Harare Turku, Finland Fresno CA 93702 San Diego, CA Zimbabwe "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 9 f1 A.--TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) C This document has been reproduced as received from the PerSon or organization originating it C Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions slated in this document do not necessarily represent official OE RI position or policy A Paper Presented to the Annual Conference of the Comparative and International Education Society Annapolis, Maryland March 13-15, 1992


The various of gas-fuel ingredients dos not only change the heat value of air-fuel mixtures and effects the power and mileage of the gas-fuel engine, but may cause a series problems, such as dotonation and the change of air-fuel ratio, which will not happen in the fluid-fuel engine. This paper focused on the resolution of these problems on gas-fuel engines.


Developers are increasingly looking for the best management practices to reduce the risk of floods in rapidly growing urban areas. Low impact development (LID) is regarded as one of the most suitable solutions for urban stormwater management and thus the U.S. EPA's (Environmental Protection Agency) SWMM5.1 (Storm Water Management Model) added the hydrological simulation function for LID structures in 2009. However, SWMM5.1 cannot consider the optimal or best physical specifications of LID design and planning fitted to a study area, nor can it instantly derive the best combination for multiple LID designs and plans. Therefore, in this study, a web-based decision support system (DSS) for the EPA's SWMM 5.1, referred to as the Water Management Analysis Module (WMAM) is used to decide the most effective specifications of design and planning parameters for LID structure. This study was carried out over an urban catchment of University Technology Malaysia campus located in Johor, Malaysia. The hydrologic cycles with and without LID were simulated using EPA SWMM5.1. The sensitivity analysis and multiple scenario analysis were performed using WMAM. As a result, the effective specification of LID design parameters indicates that peak flow is reduced to 20.95% and 17.5% for two sub-catchments, S1 (highest by area) and S6 (lowest by area) by installing an LID structure. Thus, this study provides a tool for the best solution for what values for physical parameters will be the best for a specified LID type and what capacities can achieve the particular objectives using WMAM.


The main purpose of the present paper is to introduce a new class of difference sequence spaces l ∞ (Δ [k] , ν,p),c 0 (Δ [k] , ν,p) and c(Δ [k] , ν,p), where Δ [k] (x k ) = kx k - (k+1)x k+1 for all k = 1,2,3.... Also, we derive some inclusion relations and other topological properties of these spaces. Finally we discuss about their α-, β-, and γ- duals.


Highlights of the evolution over the past two decades of a seismic design strategy, used in New Zealand for reinforced concrete buildings, are reviewed. After a brief outline of some philosophical concepts of the capacity design methodology, the main features of its application with respect to ductile rigid jointed frames, structural walls and hybrid structural systems are sketched. Another aim of this strategy, complementary to ductility requirements, is to strive for high quality in detailing. Numerous examples are presented to illustrate how this can be achieved. A specific intent of this state of the art review is to report on features of design and detailing which are considered to have originated primarily in New Zealand.


As a noun, the word "buzz" is defined as "a continuous, humming noise, as of bees, or of a general expression of surprise or approbation." This issue of Ecology and Society encompasses both of these aspects of the definition. The first is the way in which the journal seems to be as busy as a beehive in producing scholarship on sustainability. In other words, the journal seems to hum with excitement and activity in the field of sustainability science, as described below in the section on this issue. The second aspect of the meaning of buzz is surprise and approval.


[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the genetic relationships among Medicago sativa,Medicago falcate and Trigonella foenum-graecum.[Method] ISSR technique was adopted to determine their genetic relationships.[Result] M.sativa,M.falcata and T.foenum-graecum had a broad genetic base.T.foenum-graecum shared closer relationship with M.falcata rather than M.sativa.The study on relationship between M.sativa and T.foenum-graecum was advantageous to identify disputable transition types.But there must be a boundary to be found to identify species belonging to M.sativa or T.foenum-graecum L.[Conclusion] This study will provide reference for identifying some disputable transitional species.


OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism over a 2 year study period in newborns delivered at a tertiary level hospital. METHODS: This observational study was conducted in post natal wards of a tertiary hospital at Bangalore, Karnataka to study the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism from 1 st June 2011 to May 31 st 2013. 2376 newborns were included in the study. Babies in whom TSH concentration was greater than 20µIU/ml in whole blood on the initial screening sample were considered to have positive screening test for congenital hypothyroidism. They were classified as transient(TSH between 20 and 50µ IU/ml) or permanent (TSH > 50 µ IU/ml)RESULTS: The incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in KIMS was 1.26 /1000 live births (3 newborns out of 2376 had permanent hypothyroidism). The incidence of transient hypothyroidism was 1.68/1000 live births (4 out of 2376).Total number of mothers with hypothyroidism was 108. None of the permanent congenital hypothyroid babies were born to hypothyroid mothers. 1 newborn with transient hypothyroidism was born to a hypothyroid mother on treatment with thyronorm. CONCLUSION: Incidence of CH at KIMS, Bangalore, India is 1.26/1000 live births; which is 3 times greater than global incidence of 1:3000 to 1:4000. It is reemphasized that incidence of CH is high in Indian population as compared to western counterparts. CH continues to remain most common cause of mental retardation and hence should be identified early and treated.


Recently, Harn proposed an efficient scheme that can batch verification multiple RSA digital signatures. His scheme can reduce signature verification time. However, there is a weakness in his scheme. In this study, we present two methods to against his scheme.


Introduction ...................................................................................................... 169 I. Two Central Features of Good Law for Publicly Held Corporations ........... 169 II. The Architecture of American Corporate Law ............................................ 176 A. State Statutory Law ................................................................................ 176 B. State Judge-Made Law ........................................................................... 181 C . F ederal L aw ............................................................................................ 18 1 D. Private Ordering Through Soft Law ...................................................... 182 C onclu sion ....................................................................................................... 183


This paper presents ν4/ν22 ratio as a function of transverse momentum (pt), pseudorapidity (η) and collision centrality in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). It is found that ν4/ν22 is larger than Hydrodynamic calculations, the centrality and transverse dependence of this ratio can not be fully described by Hydrodynamics, and the pseudorapidity dependence is opposite to what one expects from Hydrodynamics. The pt dependence of ν1 is also presented. It is found that ν1 (pt) for |η| < 1.3 changes sign, and two possible explanations of the sign change are discussed.


Ozone /photocatalytic oxidation was used for advanced treatment of municipal wastewater containing printing and dyeing wastewater. The effects of ozone concentration and hydraulic retention time on COD removal were investigated. The treatment efficiency of low-concentration organic wastewater by ozonation was compared with that by ozone / photocatalytic oxidation. The results indicated that the optimal conditions of ozone / photocatalytic oxidation were as follows: O 3 concentration of 60% and hydraulic retention time of 21 min. Under these conditions,the COD removal rate was 78%,which increased by 9% compared with ozonation. The BOD 5 / COD ratio increased with the extension of hydraulic retention time, and the biodegradability of wastewater was improved after ozone / photocatalytic oxidation.


The invention relates to a direction for a vehicule.Dans this direction for a vehicle, for controlling the steerable wheels (1) and comprising a flywheel (9) connected by a shaft (11) to a servomotor and the latter by means of a coupling, to a torsion bar (14) connected to the axle carrying the wheel, the shaft (11) is formed of two parts (11 ', 11 ") respectively connected to the flywheel and the actuator and an actual value signal of the steering operation force can be produced from the amplitude of the direction of relative rotation between the portions (11 ', 11 "). Application in particular to passenger cars.


Englishh asw idely beent aughti n elementarys choolsin IndonesiaN" ot only governmenet lementarys choolsb ut alsop rivatee lementarys choolsg iveE nglisht o their studentsT" he teachingo f English in elementarys chooli s aimedt o equip the studentws ith Englisha se arlya sp ossibles ot hat at the endo f the programt,h e studentws ill havea cquireds implel istening speakingr eading,a ndu riting skills accordingt o their level" It can help the studentsto continuet heir studyo fEnglish in further education" consequently, the teaching of English in elementary school has to be conducted well" ln relation, this study is intended to know how the teaching of Englishi n elementarys choolh asb eenc onducteds o far"