The recent work on the actual structure of kemp has proven the following: First, that there is a definite scale formation on the surface of the ftbre completely encasing it. In all respects this is similar to wool. In themselves, however, the scales are smootlaer in surface and less jagged in edge; they are less prominent, in their projection from the fibre, both in length and angle; nor do they overlap to the extent common in wool. Second, in cross-section the fibre is strikingly different. Scale and outer casing are the same; the interior of the fibre, however, is just the reverse of normal wool. In kemp the cortical layer is extremely small, whereas in wool it forms the major portion of the fibre. In both, this layer appears as a hontogeneovs mass, though in reality it is formed by myriads of tightly-packed and closely-cemented spindle- cells. In some wools a fine medulla forms a core through the centre of the cortex, Third, it is this medulla that comprises the major part of, and is the distinguishing aspect of a kemp fabre. It is cellular in composition, the cells being spaced without break throughout the fibre. They are irregular in size and outline and are arranged in similar order to the cells in a honey-comb. This medulla in true kemp is the prod-net of a special group of cells in the root (is annular in growth) and therefore can scarcely be considered an abnormality. The murch greater reflection from kemp (due to the air filled ineditlla) is the cause of the difference observed after dyeing. In reality, however, it has been shown by removing the air that kemp and wool are almost eqacally dyed; penetration and affinity being very similar.


Unmanned vehicle (UDV) delivery technology can meet the special needs of
 users and realize efficient and flexible distribution of logistics orders.
 However, there are risks of order data leakage and tampering in the
 intelligent logistics distribution environment. To solve this problem, this
 paper designs and implements a system based on the Hyperledger Fabric
 blockchain platform. Based on the blockchain technology, the system adopts a
 distributed architecture to establish a secure and trustworthy logistics
 data management platform to achieve the integrity and traceability of data
 in the logistics process. The data dual-chain storage strategy is used to
 ensure the efficiency of data queries. Furthermore, four smart contracts
 including order management contract (OMC), access control management
 contract (ACC), access control policy management contract (ACPC), and
 environmental data management contract (EDC) are designed in combination
 with the attribute-based access control strategy. By triggering the smart
 contract, the controllable access of order data can be realized. Finally,
 two groups of experiments are designed to test the performance of the
 system. Experimental results show that the proposed system can maintain high
 throughput in a large-scale request environment under the premise of
 ensuring data security.


This paper introduces control system design based software packages, SIMNON and MATLAB/SIMULINK, for power electronics system simulation. A complete power electronics system typically consists of a rectifier bridge along with its smoothing capacitor, an inverter and a motor. The system components, featuring discrete or continuous, linear or nonlinear devices are modeled using mathematical equations. Inverter control methods, such as pulse-width-modulation and hysteresis current control, are expressed using either computer algorithms or digital circuits. After describing component models and control methods, computer programs are then developed for complete system simulation. Simulation results are mainly used for studying system performances such as input and output current harmonics, torque ripples and speed responses. Key computer programs and simulation results are demonstrated for educational purposes.<<ETX>>


Young people these days are very concerned about the environment. There is also a great deal of interest in using technology to improve energy efficiency. Many physics students share these concerns and would like to find ways to use their scientific and quantitative skills to help overcome the environmental challenges that the world faces. This may be particularly true for female students. Showing physics students how they can contribute to environmental and energy solutions while doing scientific research which excites them is expected to attract more physicists to work on these very important problems and to retain more of the best and the brightest in physical science. This is a major thrust of the 'Gathering Storm' report, the 'American Competitiveness Initiative' report, and several other studies. With these concerns in mind, the American Physical Society (APS) and more specifically, the newly formed APS Topical Group on Energy Research and Applications (GERA), organized and conducted a one-day workshop for graduate students and post docs highlighting the contributions that physics-related research can make to meeting the nation's energy needs in environmentally friendly ways. A workshop program committee was formed and met four times by conference call to determine session topics and tomore » suggest appropriate presenters for each topic. Speakers were chosen not only for their prominence in their respective fields of energy research but also for their ability to relate their work to young people. The workshop was held the day before the APS March Meeting on March 14, 2009 in Portland, OR. The workshop was restricted to approximately 80 young physicists to encourage group discussion. Talks were planned and presented at a level of participants with a physics background but no special knowledge of energy research. Speakers were asked to give a broad overview of their area of research before talking more specifically about their own work. The format was designed with plenary talks but allowed significant time for questions and answers, and discussion. A 'Lunch with the Experts' and a 'Networking Reception' were held specifically to provide opportunities for participants to interact with the presenters and to network with each other. These proved to be very successful activities, as noted in the follow-up participant survey that was conducted shortly after the workshop.« less


The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling a congestion status of a mobile communications network. A terminal according to the present invention receives congestion status information including information related to the congestion status from a network for controlling the congestion status of the network, and transmits and receives data according to the congestion status information.


In his essay " Bolivia: A Political and Strategic View ", Dr. Francisco Balart Paez reflects on the recent ruling by the International Court of Justice, the United Nations judiciary based in The Hague, where it refused Bolivian desires to drag Chile to the negotiating table aimed at agreeing on the form and manner in which, under the prestige of a world-wide jurisdictional umbrella, it would be granted a sovereign outlet to the Pacific Ocean. He points out that the Internation- al Court's decision has created a new political-strategic scenario, but it will contin- ue to play out the same show, a show that for now lacks a script because an hon- est and fruitful discussion is only possible when it is done on common grounds. As that situation does not exist, it is up to Chile to seize the opportunity and take the first step toward solidly reorganizing the game board, acting with serenity and boldness. On the other hand, Bolivia, in this new scenario, could operate through other relevant actors in the international order who, for understandable reasons, have shown sympathy for its cause to the detriment of Chile's position.


Because major Catalyzers in the asymmetric synthesis are metal ligand compound, they are expensive and it is difficult to synthesize them, so there is very important significance to research the recycle using of catalyzer. This research field are summarized in this article.


Network simulation technology is an efficient analysis tool to study the network project and design.But how to model and simulate the communication system is a challenging task.In this paper an excellent software OPNET Modeler is introduced,which is about network simulation,the characteristic and simulation process of OPNET Modeler are also expatiated in detail.Finally,the OPNET Modeler is used to model and simulate a packet switching network,through which to get the result of end-to-end delay and link utilization ratio,then to evaluate the performance of the network.The application of OPNET Modeler in network project and design is discussed through the example.


Worm infection disease is a disease that is often overlooked because it does notdirectly cause death. One reason could be transmitted through soil, called nematoda bowels.Prevalence of worm infection Bengkulu province according to the city health departementBengkulu 2010 was 18 % - 23 % of cases occur in children of primary school age, NewKungkai village there are 41,9 % of children were infected with intestinal worms. Based onthe initial survey dated 7 February 2015, the SDN 113 New Kungkai is one of the schools thatstill have a school yard in the form of soil moist, shaded by trees, poor environmentalsanitation situation maintained that there are many scattered garbage. By mark worms 80 % ofstudents who are anemic as lethargy, pale face, weight loss, listlessness, lack of concentrationstudied, pale eyes, it is because there are many students who have not applied with goodpersonal hygiene, such as not washing hands before eating cafeteria, student habits rarely cutnails, there is still a long nail black and the students still love playing ground with no weargood footwear when out to play and at school. The purpose of this study was to determine therelationship between personal hygiene worm disease in SDN 113 New Kungkai Seluma.Design study used cross sectional. The study sampel was grade 1 to 6, amounting to 27people. Sampling technique used is propotional random sampling. Data were analyzed withunivariate an bivariate (square test with a P value α = 0,05) of 72 respondents in gettingresults 49 (68,1%) of respondents who have poor personal hygiene and 43 (59, 7%)respondents had positive worm. Bivariate analysis results showed that P = 0,001 < α = 0,05values showed no relatoinship between personal hygiene with worming with OR 95 % CI =6,330. Noteworthy health education to the students about the worms and the importance ofhealthy behavior and clean.


To compare the choroidal thickness (CT) in eyes with moderate and severe primary angle‐closure glaucoma (PACG) with the eyes of healthy controls.


The inaugural issue of the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology was published in March 1970, thus becoming the first time that a refereed journal in psychology completely and exclusively focused on culture. After more than a year of preparation, it was mailed to approximately 1,100 subscribers. This initial and encouraging list was a mixture of individuals and institutions who showed interest in its uniqueness and the masthead policies that the international and interdisciplinary Editorial Advisory Board helped to establish. Many are familiar with its history, but those new to its pages might appreciate a brief overview. Started as a quarterly, JCCP was the centerpiece of the Center for Cross-Cultural Research, which was formed in 1969 by a small nucleus of regular faculty members. The Center, an ad hoc and unfunded entity with no specific and official mandate, was housed in the Department of Psychology at Western Washington State College (now Western Washington University). I accepted the challenge of being its founding editor, having joined the faculty in 1968. Sage Publications, then a new and independent publishing company, soon showed interest in JCCP. At about the same time, a growing number of psychologists from many countries, independent of JCCP activities but with highly compatible interests, decided that it was time to form a coalition. Thus, for the first time in the history of psychology, a core group of psychologists from throughout the world, who shared an interest in how psychology and culture define each other, seized the initiative to form the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP). Its inaugural meeting was in Hong Kong in 1972. Shortly before that meeting, it was agreed via postal exchanges (e-mail and the Internet, now seemingly essential to the operation of any journal, were still science fiction) that JCCP would become an official publication of IACCP, Sage would become its publisher, and ownership would be retained by Western Washington University. This arrangement proved to be mutually advantageous for many years. From 1970 through 1994, JCCP was published as a quarterly. In 1995, bimonthly publication began because of continually increasing submission of quality manuscripts. In 2001, the trim size increased dramatically (to its current dimensions) and provided a 15% to 20% increase in usable printed space. Then, in 2003, Sage made an overture to purchase the copyright of JCCP from Western Washington University. Lengthy negotiations resulted in transferring the copyright to Sage. Financial arrangements were agreeable and the sale was finalized in May 2004. To me, it was especially important and noteworthy that this transaction provided IACCP with an annual financial base that has benefited many psychologists, especially younger ones, throughout the world. For instance, awards for research by young scholars, support for travel to the association's conferences, and funding of well-known scholars to give timely invited speeches to enhance interest in the field were finally made possible. This transaction was immediately followed by Sage and IACCP entering into a renewable 10-year publishing agreement. The agreement, now in its 5th year, stipulates that Sage is responsible for all printing, subscription, advertising, and business matters and that


Differential cross sections and tensor polarizations of elastic neutron-deuteron scattering (n-d) are calculated at E/sub lab//sup n/<15 MeV with different nuclear potentials. The pole extrapolation of these model data reproduces the S-state normalization within 1% and misses the D- to S-state ratio eta by about 5%. Approximate Coulomb distortion corrections to n-d tensor polarization calculations that improve the agreement with proton-deuteron (p-d) data yield smaller contributions to eta than found previously within a distorted-wave Born approximation. Extrapolation of recent n-d differential cross section data and Coulomb corrected p-d tensor polarization leads to deuteron asymptotic normalizations compatible with current experimental values.


He Lin,the outstanding philosopher,historian of philosophy,translator,had a lot in common with Yan Fu,Liang Qichao,Wang Guowei,Chen Kang in his translation thought and translation practice,and carried forward them in the inheritance. Through comparision and reference,the gist of He Lin's translatology can be concluded. In He Lin's opinion,"new knowledge"could be introduced to China by translation,but it was only a means rather than aim. The meaning and value of translation lie in sinicizing the western leaning and knowledge,so as to seek the sinicization of western philosophy and the establishment of the new Chinese philosophy. For this purpose,as for the object of translation,He Lin accurately chose the original book faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance and parallelled translation and research as well. As for the criteria of translation,He Lin inherited Yan Fu's ideas of"faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance",and creatively put forward the"artistic skill". As for the translation of terminology,He Lin paid full attention to the achievements of the predecessors,and he also accurately created new terms. In a word,He Lin's translation thoughts are useful for reference,and his translation practice is worth learning.


Chlorovinylarines (Lewisites) were produced and handled during WW I and WW II as chemical warfare agents. Residues of these cwa and their metabolites are still present today and continue to contaminate soil and water. A gas chromatographic method for the detection and determination of chlorovinylarsines (Lewisites) and their metabolites is shown. Lewisite II and Lewisite III, but not Lewisite I and the metabolites of Lewisite I and Lewisite II can be detected and determined using GC/ECD. After derivatization with thiols, the sum of Lewisite I or Lewisite II and their metabolites are detected. With the proper selection of the thiol, matrix interferences can be eliminated because of the different retention times of the derivatives.


Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the activity and safety of high dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) given as a weekly 24-hour infusion in combination with folinic acid plus mitomycin C in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: Chemonaive patients with locally advanced inoperable, recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer were treated with 15 mg/m2 i.v. mitomycin C as bolus on day 1 of a 7-week cycle followed by a 2-hour infusion of folinic acid (500 mg/m2) and a 24-hour infusion of 5-FU (2,600 mg/m2) given on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36 as outpatient treatment. Results: Thirty evaluable patients (median age 58 years and median ECOG performance status 1) received 1–4 cycles (median 3). 53% of the patients had liver metastases. Treatment-related toxicity was low with 10% of patients experiencing diarrhea ≥grade 3, 3% mucositis grade 3 and 3% nausea grade 3 (CTC). Hematological toxicity was mild with 13% thrombopenia grade 3 and no leukopenia grade 4. Eleven patients achieved a partial remission (major response rate 37%; 95% confidence interval 22–53%). Median time to progression was 5 months and median overall survival time was 7 months. Conclusion: This regimen is a well-tolerated outpatient treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer with efficacy being comparable to other chemotherapy protocols.


The article considered one of the most profitable ways of investing capital and commodity market research franchising, replacing the traditional international commercial contracts. The authors discussed the problems of lack of prevalence of this form of small business in Russia, including legislation, they formulated the way and the value of their solutions.


The concepts of auditing and transparency frequently appear in discussions about contemporary public‐sector challenges, but the relationship between them rarely has been examined. This paper argues that transparency might be viewed as both an effect of auditing and a prerequisite for auditing. Broadly speaking, the former tends to be articulated more in the auditing literature—where transparency often justifies auditing—while the latter often appears in the transparency literature. By proposing a distinction between "raw transparency" and "refined transparency," this paper strives to increase conceptual clarity and establish a theoretical basis for various auditing activities.


We have developed a Mathematica program which uses three-dimensional, isotropic harmonic oscillator wavefunctions for the solutions interior to the nucleus, and Coulomb wavefunctions for the exterior. The algorithm enables us to calculate the half life for alpha decay for alpha decay for varying depths of the nuclear potential well.


Five samples each of yogurts and human milk were separately collected, deproteinized, pre-concentrated differently with 1% 8-hydroxyquinoline, 1% ammonium pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate (APDC) and extracted with methyl-isobutylketone (MIBK). Activated carbon powder in HNO 3 was also used. The extracts obtained were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry for some metal ions. In yogurts, the powdered activated carbon in HNO 3 exhibited the highest complexing ability with values of 0.04–0.17, 335–476, 1.52–3.82, 0.08–0.27, 0.09–0.28, 1.31–8.78 and 888–12693 mg/L concentration for Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ , respectively. The concentrations of Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ ions were determined to be in the range of 0.02–0.03, 1.10–9.47, 0.05–0.11, 0.02–3.08, 0.01–0.87, 0.47–18.08, 3+ and Cd 2+ ions were only detected by activated carbon pre-concentration method. A more or less similar trend was obtained for human milk samples. For all samples, the complexing ability of each of the complexing agents varied from one metal ion to another. KEY WORDS: Human milk, Yogurts, Pre-concentration methods, Metal ions determination, 8-Hydroxyquinoline, Ammonium pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate, Activated carbon powder Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2003 , 17(1), 1-9.


Although the benefit of whole-body computed tomography (CT) or "panscan" for patients with trauma is not entirely clear, it has become increasingly


We will measure kaonic helium X-rays using transition-edge-sensor microcalorimeters, TES, in the J-PARC hadron experimental facility. To demonstrate the feasibility of the experiment, we performed a measurement of pionic carbon X-rays at PSI, where an excellent FWHM energy resolution of 7 eV at 6.4 keV was achieved. We also evaluated the expected TES performance in the kaon beam at J-PARC. The simulation results show that the TES spectrometer would work with a good energy resolution, and clear peaks of kaonic helium X-rays would be observed on a reasonably suppressed background.


An existing 3-D Navier-Stokes analysis for modeling single stage compressor and turbine rotors has been modified to model multi-stage axial compressors and turbines. As part of this effort, several rotor-stator interface boundary conditions have been systematically evaluated. The first stage of the two stage fuel turbine on the space shuttle main engine (SSME) has been used to determine which of these boundary conditions conserve global properties such as mass, momentum, and energy across the interface, while yielding good performance predictions. All the methods gave satisfactory results and a characteristic based approach was found to work best.


Intellectual property in the form of reusable cores can be used during high-density FPGA design to decrease development times and risks. The use of one such core, the LogiCoreTM PCI Interface, accelerates the development of FPGA-based PCI card designs. This paper examines the issues and considerations surrounding the FPGA implementation of a PCI interface when using the LogiCore module.


Delays in construction projects are unavoidable; as a consequence claims and disputes arise among the various construction parties. Numerous factors can contribute to delays on a project and evaluating the causes of delays is an essential mission for improving any potential conflicts or claims , one of the most influential factors that which relates to poor planning . The terminology of poor planning used in this study means the lack of awareness of contracting companies and project management companies to the concept of planning ,the important of planning as well as the element of effective planning which are represented the main factors of the study. There is an insistent need to estimate the likelihood of delay by applying analysis methods. Many classical techniques and statistical methods were used to delay analysis, despite that, difficulties are still being encountered in construction projects to analysis delay. Therefore, it is important for construction managers to be familiar with the methods leading to analysis delay, using Fuzzy Logic Technique is a method suggested by this study to estimate the likelihood of delay, where fuzzy logic provides a very valuable flexibility for reasoning, which makes it possible to take into account inaccuracies and uncertainties .In the present investigation the model built by Fuzzy Logic Toolbox Mat lab Programing Software to evaluate and rank the factors of poor planning which cause a construction delay. In the first stage a questionnaire was conducted in which 100 construction project managers were asked to give values to the delay causes and factors ranging from 0 to 100, a questionnaire consists of 3 main factors group, of which 10 sub-factors group are subdivided, which in turn are divided into 40 causes .In the second stage the analysis and evaluation of study variables (factors, causes) were conducted using the developed model in which the probability output of delay was founded for each factor and cause for the collected data. The results are clearly provided a good indicator for analyzing the construction delay in the future with high degree of accuracy.. At finally concluded that the developed fuzzy logic model, named Mamdani model is more accurate and simple to use and efficient to analyze the delay in construction projects.


In an earlier issue of this journal Monica Das Gupta (2005) comments on a recent paper of mine. Her comment was based on Oster a working paper version of Oster; in general the two versions do not differ but I will distinguish between them when they do. In that paper I attempt to connect the issue of the gender imbalance in Asia--the "missing women"--with the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus. I present a wide variety of evidence suggesting that women who are carriers of the hepatitis B virus give birth to more male children than do noncarriers. I argue that perhaps as much as 45 percent of the gender imbalance observed in the Sen (1992) missing women populations in the period 1980--90 can be accounted for by hepatitis B. Further I argue that the explanatory power varies significantly across space: 75 percent of the missing women in China are accounted for versus around 20 percent in India. (excerpt)


Bayesian Deep Learning is an emerging field for building robust and trustworthy AI systems due to its ability to estimate reliable uncertainty in neural networks. The need for modeling distribution over parameters and multiple Monte Carlo forward runs in Bayesian neural networks leads to larger model size and significant increase in inference latency compared to deterministic models, which poses challenges for practical deployment. Quantization is a technique that can reduce the model size and also speed up the inference through low-precision computation. In this work, we propose and evaluate a quantization framework and workflow for Bayesian deep learning workloads, which leverages 8-bit integer (INT8) operations to accelerate inference on the 4th Gen Intel Xeon scalable processor (formerly codenamed Sapphire Rapids). We demonstrate that our quantization workflow achieves 6.9x inference throughput speedup on the ImageNet benchmark without sacrificing the model accuracy and quality of uncertainty. Furthermore, we evaluate the effects of quantization on Bayesian neural networks w.r.t. generalizability, robustness against data drift, and its capability in uncertainty estimation on large-scale datasets including a real-world safety-critical application. Our code has been integrated into an open-source project and made available on GitHub at the following URL: https://github.com/IntelLabs/bayesian-torch.


Desertification is more related to social and anthropogenic issues than natural causes and it becomes more important over the time. Human effects on desertification could be classified as direct and indirect factors. This study has focused on the effect of management factor, as a dominant case, on desertification of Kashan region based on IMDPA (IMDPA: Iranian Model of Desertification for Potential Assessment) model. The geometric average weight was used in order to find out the numerical value of management factor and then; desertification status map of the area was prepared using GIS. The results showed that about 59.96 percent of the region, based on management criterion, is classified in the medium class of desertification which mostly covers central, northern, southeastern and western parts of the region. Meanwhile, irrigation systems, rangeland ploughing and the index of evaluation implemented activity having the numeral value of 3.52, 3.43 and 2.23 are the most important affecting factors on desertification, respectively. Increasing unwise human activities due to lack of sufficient knowledge on new irrigation and cultivation technologies has been resulted on accelerated degradation and consequent desertification. Then, combination of new extension and traditional knowledge, policy making and planning may lead to desertification control in the region.


Based on the military engineering applications of magnesium alloys and structure features of light-weight pressure-resistant cabin,this paper puts forward that foundry magnesium alloy may be the suitable material applied to pressure-resistant cabin structure of the unmanned underwater vehicles.ZM5 magnesium alloy was selected,and typical structure test piece(scale 1∶1) of the water pressure-resistant cabin with thin-walled structure was designed and fabricated.Under the different outside hydraulic pressures,the structural stresses and distortions of the piece were measured,and capability of the structure connection and tightness was tested.The results show that the structure intensity and rigidity satisfy the requirement of underwater load,wedged-ring connection and air-tightness are stable,load bearing capacity exceeds 1.5 MPa.


Multi-modal learning is a feature of educational provision at Swinburne University of Technology's Lilydale Campus. Academic staff expect a high level of computer and information literacy from all students, and also have the expectation that library staff are well equipped to support this. To that end, library staff are responsible for the design, delivery and assessment of a module in a core subject that must be taken by all first year students, regardless of their course. This paper provides some background to this situation, looking first at the campus background, the nature of the library and its services, expectations of academic staff, and the library's profile in course delivery. From our experiences at Lilydale campus, library staff have most definitely been called on to play a dynamic role.


It is shown that the proofs of a series of classical singularity theorems of general relativity can be modified such that these theorems also state the maximality of the incomplete nonspacelike geodesics. Since along maximal incomplete nonspacelike geodesics with affine parameter u certain parts of the tidal curvature cannot blow up faster than (u−u)−2, where u is the parameter value until which the geodesics cannot be extended, the classical singularity theorems do restrict the behavior of the curvature.


Access to information is pivotal to formulating price expectations included in acreage allocation decisions. Rationality coefficients imply coexistence of rational and naive expectations in the soybean market. Results confirm the "biased predictor" nature of naive expectations, suggesting that Extension Service resources should focus on programs that improve producers' information access.


The objectives of the study were to analyze and compare various nutrient contents in nutrition bars after cooking with a solar box-cooker (SBC) or conventional oven. The SBC was preheated for 30 min and the sample was cooked at 120℃ for 4 hours. The control sample was cooked with a conventional oven (CO) at 180℃ for 16 min. Macronutrients were analyzed by the AOAC method. Analyses of vitamin B1, niacin, vitamin B6 and vitamin C were conducted with HPLC, and isomers of vitamin E were analyzed by GC-FID. The mineral content was analyzed by ICP-AES. The contents of macronutrients, vitamin B 1 , vitamin B 6 , vitamin C and minerals did not show significant differences between samples cooked by SBC and CO. However, the content of niacin was significantly higher in the sample cooked with SBC (1.05 mg/100g) than in that cooked with CO (0.58 mg/100g). Among the analyzed vitamin E isomers, β- and δ-tocopherol were not detected. The contents of α- and γ-tocopherol and γ-tocotrienol were significantly higher in the sample cooked with SBC (103.43, 70.74, 56.14 mg/100 g, respectively) than in that with CO (47.87, 13.35, 10.34 mg/100 g, respectively). Our study finds that cooking nutrition bars in the SBC maintains the nutrient contents as well or better than conventional cooking using CO. However, further study of more food varieties is needed. Moreover, the content of riboflavin, which is known to be vulnerable to the light, must be analyzed as well.


Role mining is a critical step for organizations that migrate from traditional access control mechanisms to role based access control (RBAC). Additional constraints may be imposed while generating roles from a given user-permission assignment relation. In this paper we consider two such constraints which are the dual of each other. A role-usage cardinality constraint limits the maximum number of roles any user can have. Its dual, the permission-distribution cardinality constraint, limits the maximum number of roles to which a permission can belong. These two constraints impose mutually contradictory requirements on user to role and role to permission assignments. An attempt to satisfy one of the constraints may result in a violation of the other. We show that the constrained role mining problem is NP-Complete and present heuristic solutions. Two distinct frameworks are presented in this paper. In the first approach, roles are initially mined without taking the constraints into account. The user-role and role-permission assignments are then checked for constraint violation in a post-processing step, and appropriately re-assigned, if necessary. In the second approach, constraints are enforced during the process of role mining. The methods are first applied on problems that consider the two constraints individually, and then with both considered together. Both methods are evaluated over a number of real-world data sets.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of worklife attitudes on certified pharmacy technicians' job satisfaction.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional descriptive design.

SETTING
United States in January 2004.

PARTICIPANTS
Random sample of 3200 certified pharmacy technicians (CPhTs) acquired from the Pharmacy Technician Certification Board.

INTERVENTION
Mail survey.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Responses to previously validated instruments measuring quality of worklife attitudes. Hypothesized relationships between these worklife attitudes (job stress, future uncertainty, career commitment, organizational commitment, supervisor support, coworker support, employer support) and job satisfaction were tested with structural equation modeling.

RESULTS
The results provided adequate support for the hypothesized, partially mediated (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.091, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.073), fully mediated (CFI = 0.091, RMSEA = 0.073) and direct effects (CFI = 0.922, RMSEA = 0.066) models, each exhibiting moderate fit. As predicted, job stress negatively affected job satisfaction among CPhTs. However, the negative effects of job stress were mitigated by supervisor support, which, along with employer and coworker support, was positively related to job satisfaction. Future uncertainty also was found to be negatively related to job satisfaction; this relationship was mediated by organizational commitment.

CONCLUSION
Job stress was present in CPhTs, although not to the degree pharmacists have reported it. Job stress negatively affected job satisfaction, but this was mitigated by supervisor support. CPhTs reported uncertainty about their future career plans. Commitment to their current employer lessened this uncertainty. Pharmacy managers should consider including CPhTs in goal setting and career planning.


Potentiometric cell oxygen sensors using CaF₂ were fabricated for monitering the oxygen partial pressure in the low temperature range (300℃∼500℃). The disk type oxygen sensors consist of a reference electrode : Air(O₂:21%)|Pt. a solid electrolyte CaF₂, and a sensing metel Pt electrode. And the change in open circuit emf of the disk type cell was about 45mV for the oxygen concentration range, 0.1%∼10%, at the cell temperature of 400. Also, the reference electrode incorporated type sensor showed the change of 40mV for 0.19% to 10% oxygen partial pressure range.


An alternative to standard long baseline calibration techniques is being developed by Oceano Instruments.This "sequential relay technique" utilizes existing acoustic hardware, and is compatible with current Oceano Positioning/Navigation Systems. It is not intended to replace standard calibration techniques but rather to enhance system versatility.


Asthma and COPD are major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Whilst the aetiology underlying both diseases are different, chronic inflammation and structural changes to the airways, termed remodelling, (including mucous hypersecretion, fibrosis and airway wall thickening) is observed in both diseases. We have developed a novel 3D cell culture model (bronchospheres) of the airways using p63+/Krt6+ primary human basal epithelial cells. Bronchospheres capture more of the relevant complexity of the airways when compared to 2D cultures such as air liquid interface (ALI) cultures. Normal Human Epithelial (NHBEC), Asthmatic Human Epithelial (AHBEC) and COPD Human Epithelial (CHBEC) cells were obtained from Lonza and seeded onto matrigel at Passage 2. Basal cells were cultured for 14-18 days being fed on day 2 and day 8. Basal cell to bronchosphere transformation was visualised using light and video microscopy. NHBEC, AHBEC and CHBEC formed bronchospheres developing a fully functional pseudostratified epithelial structure with an inner lumen, mucus secreting goblet cells and beating cilia. There are differences between the rate at, which basal cells from different disease states form bronchospheres (NHBEC= 18 days, AHBEC= 20 days and CHBEC = 24 days) and the average size that they reach (Figure 1). The physiology of bronchospheres make them ideal intermediates between 2D and in vivo models.


From the mystical experiences of religious visions to the most degenerate forms of violence and pornography, the image, be it perceptual or conceptual, has imposed itself as a powerful form of human expression. The evocative, emotional and communicative power of images has been at the centre of a complex, often conflictual relationship in different societies, between exterior and internal forms of representation. Western history has passed alternately through periods of iconophilia and iconophobia, while various cultures have accorded different significance to the capacity of vision to express and reinforce both the ideological and the political sphere. Referring to various examples, the article suggests that the pervasive presence of vision, far from being a self-evident, given element, is at the core of a problematic work of interpretation within the cultural contexts of societies. What appears to the eye can be considered the mirror of true reality or, alternatively, an ambiguous and superficial representation of it, in a dialectic confrontation between the iconic and the mental.


The Law and Beyond {LAB} study is the first national study of Canadian law graduates, and provides an in depth look at early careers through a study of Canadian lawyers admitted to the bar in 2010. This project is funded by funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC). With responses from over 1000 law graduates across the country, this study is providing a first ever glimpse of law graduates' first jobs, insight into what they do, their income and debt, and the sources of professional satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The report also provides insights on the legal careers of women and members of racial and ethnic minority groups.


There is limited data regarding treatment of acute myocardial infarction in very old patients. The very elderly population has complex co-morbidities, worse left ventricular function, poor functional status, increased risk, and reduced benefit from treatment. Contraindications to lytic therapy are common in the elderly, and the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke after thrombolytic therapy is strictly associated with age. Primary percutaneous coronary angioplasty results were also limited in octogenerians and nonagenarians. We report here two patients in 89 and 93 years who were admitted to the cardiology department with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and subsequently treated with percutaneous intervention. The results of primary coronary angioplasty in old patients were also discussed in light of the literature.


The total angular momentum variability of the atmosphere (below 75 mbar) for the 120-month period May 1963 to April 1973 is determined (using a data set provided by A. Oort, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory) and compared with the observed length of day (l.o.d.) variations during this time. With the mean, annual, and semi-annual cycles removed, the angular momentum shows an irregular oscillation with periods of 3 to 4 years during this decade. The corresponding relative change that this would produce in the length of day is approximately ±0.2×10−8 which agrees with the observed interannual l.o.d. variations 1963–1973. This oscillation is evidently related to the well-known oscillation in tropical air (and sea surface) temperatures which is part of the Southern Oscillation and lags behind the temperature oscillation by a few months. A simple thermal wind argument indicates that the observed amplitude (1°C) of the oscillation in tropical temperatures can produce a relative change in the rotation of the earth on the order of 0.2×10−8. Variations in the length of day and a Southern Oscillation Index are shown to be very similar during the 20-year period 1955–1974.


Information about irreversible changes in hydraulic systems is of essential interest for their design. A design can only be made efficient if wear and ageing progresses are considered. In the first part of this work new methods will be shown to investigate oil ageing. The tribo-oxidation-test enables the analysis of oxidation behavior as a function of impressed shear. Therefore a disc-on-disc tribometer has been integrated into the vessel of a Rotating Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test. With this optimized test the course of amount of substance can be described. The second part handles with wear mechanisms of hydraulic valves. Investigations have been done with proportional directional control valves and pressure relief valves. It will be confirmed that concentration of particles has got an extensive influence on the speed of wear. Furthermore it will be shown that the pressure difference and the degree of opening have got an influence, while temperature can be neglected. The results of test series will be used for a mathematical description of progress of wear.


Corrosion inhibition by 1,4-diallyl-6-chloroquinoxaline-2,3-(1 H ,4 H )-dione ( 1a ) and 1,4-diallyl-6-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-(1 H ,4 H )-dione ( 1b ) on mild steel was studied in 1.0 M HCl solution by using the electrochemical techniques and the weight loss measurements at temperature 308 K. The results obtained clearly revealed that inhibitors ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) behave as a mixed type inhibitors and adsorbed onto the mild steel surface by chemisorption. The weight loss results indicate that inhibitors ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) are good corrosion inhibitors and their optimum inhibition efficiency reaches up to 95% and 89% respectively, at a concentration of 10 –3 M and a temperature of 308 K. In addition, the potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate that ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) are mixed-type corrosion inhibitors and EIS show that the transfer resistance increases with the increase in the inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of the molecules of the inhibitors ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) onto the mild steel surface was found to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of the change in Gibbs free energy of adsorption (Δ G ads ) strongly support the chemisorption of the molecules of the studied inhibitors on the mild steel surface. The results obtained from electrochemical and weight loss measurements were in reasonable agreement. of the charge transfer of the metal atoms on the metallic surface and solution by adsorbed molecules resulting in raising the charge transfer resistance with the increase in inhibitor concentration of ( 1a ) and ( 1b ). The lowering of C dl values with the increase in the concentrations of inhibitors ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) can be associated with the reduction of the local dielectric constant values and rise in the thickness of electrical double layer. These observations testify the inhibitors ( 1a ) and ( 1b ) action at the solution-metal interface.


The kinetics and mechanism of the inhibiting action of toluene on the Ce(IV) initiated polymerization of acrylonitrile were studied together with the effects of [M], [Ce(IV)], [Toluene], [HClO4], [NaClO4], and [Acetic acid] on the rate of polymerization. The values of composite rate constant kkt/kpkoki for toluene (and substituted toluenes) was calculated by plotting [M]/Rp versus [M]−1. A very significant observation in the present study was that the plot of [M]/Rp versus [M]−1 gave a negative intercept, which seems to be a general observation for all inhibiting substrates. On the basis of the experimental data, it could be concluded that the benzyl radical obtained by hydrogen abstraction, and not a chain transfer, is responsible for the inhibition.


Objective: To explore the clinical features,treatment methods of Kawasaki disease( KD) non- responsive to intravenous injection of gamma globulin( IVIG) and the high risk factors,prognosis of coronary artery lesions( CAL). Methods: The clinical data of 195 cases with KD treated in the hospital from June 2008 to November 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Those cases were divided into sensitive group and non- responsive group according to the response to the first high- dose treatment with IVIG. Results: There were 149 cases in sensitive group and 46 cases in non- responsive group among 195 cases with KD. In the whole cases,46 cases were found with CAL,including 15 cases( 10. 07%) in sensitive group and 31 cases( 67. 39%) in non- responsive group,and the latter ratio was statistically significantly higher than the former ones( P 0. 05). Hemoglobin level in non- responsive group was statistically significantly lower than that in sensitive group( P 0. 05); while platelet count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and alanine aminotransferase level in non- responsive group were statistically significantly higher than those in sensitive group( P 0. 05). Those children with KD non- responsive to IVIG were treated by additional IVIG 1g / kg,2g / kg or glucocorticoid,all of them brought down the fever. After followed- up for 2 years,among 46 cases with CAL,45 cases returned to normal and 1 patient with giant coronary aneurysm was significantly improved,there was no statistically significant difference between sensitive group and non- responsive group. Conclusion: KD non- responsive to IVIG has the higher incidence rate of CAL compared with KD sensitive to IVIG. Higher platelet count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,alanine aminotransferase level and lower hemoglobin level are risk factors of KD non- responsive to IVIG. After treated with additional IVIG( 1g / kg or 2g / kg) or glucocorticoid,the incidence rate of CAL in non- response group to IVIG has no statistically significant differences and the prognosis is favorable.


: Spleen is the largest lymphoid organ involved in cellular and humoral immune response. It becomes structurally and functionally mature in early life, undertakes dynamic age-dependent modulations and undergoes involution during aging of the body. In many current immunological research works developmental modifications in the spleen at different ages remain underestimated, while they may overlap with the changes caused by modelled immunopathology which will result in misinterpretation of data on the effectiveness of immune response, sensitivity to immunomodulatory treatments, etc. While age-related thymic involution is described in details, patterns of ontogenetic immunomodulation in spleen at different ages were hardly updated since last century. The objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive picture of splenic development at different stages of postnatal development and to assess possible mechanisms of the age-related splenic involution. Total of 80 Sprague Dawley rats were involved in the study; out of them 54 were used for digital morphometry being divided into 9 subgroups with 6 rats each: 0, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 180, 270 and 360 days of age. Another 26 animals were used for qualitative assessment of the splenic microstructure with 2 animals per group of every day of early life, starting from the 2 nd day until the 29 th day. Each animal and its spleen were weighed, relative weight of the spleen was estimated. Histological slides of the paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with haematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically for markers of the lymphoid and stromal cells (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD90, S100 protein, OX-62), PCNA and caspase-3. Image analysis was used to assess volume density of the immunopositive structures. Our results demonstrated that developmental changes in the spleen of the growing rats occur faster than it was described in classical papers on postnatal spleen development over fifty years ago: primitive PALS appear on the 2 nd day of life, marginal zone – on the 8 th day, primary lymphoid nodules – on the 18 th day, secondary lymphoid nodules – on the 24 th day. Lymphoid cells depletion becomes significant in aging rats, while stromal cells significantly reduce their volume density starting from the middle age. Among mechanisms of age-related lymphoid and stromal cell depletion are increased apoptotic rate, decreased proliferative rate and reduced traffic of T-cells in the T-zones of spleen. These data may be used for discrimination of the developmental and pathological changes in the compartments and zones of the spleen in experiments with modeling of the lymphoid tumors, evaluation of the efficacy of the immunomodulatory drugs, transplantation and stress-related experiments.


In order to implement economical way of managing unwanted substances, waste polymer (WP) can be recycled instead of throwing it away. It can be reused via "sink-float" technique and mixed with another binder like co-polypropylene (co-PP) to enhance the mechanical properties of the material. This is because co-PP is a bit softer but has better impact strength, much tougher and more durable than polypropylene (PP). Two materials underwent injection moulding with 170°C temperature to produce dog bone samples for tensile test. The test started with 10% up until 80% of WP content mixed with co-PP. Tensile test speed used for this experiment was 5mm/s. Stress vs. strain graph was obtained from the test and the modulus of elasticity was obtained by using the stress over strain formula. The stress versus strain result for the composite with WP is lower than that of co-PP, proving that WP is more brittle compared to the more elastic co-PP. Morphological analysis of surface structure based on Optical Microscope (OM) indicates that co-PP has smooth surface while WP has a rough surface.


Let P be a hypoelliptic polynomial. We consider classes of ultradifferentiable functions with respect to the iterates of the partial differential operator P (D) and prove that such classes satisfy a Paley–Wiener type theorem. These classes and the corresponding test spaces are nuclear.


Data analysis is very important for the success of any business today. It helps to optimize business processes, analyze users' behavior, demands etc. There are powerful data analytics tools, such as the ones of the Hadoop ecosystem, but they require multiple high-performance servers to run and highqualified experts to install, configure and support them. In most cases, small companies and start-ups could not afford such expenses. However, they can use them as web services, on demand, and pay much lower fees per request. To do that, companies should somehow share their data with an existing, already deployed, Hadoop cluster. The most common way of uploading their files to the Hadoop's Distributed File System (HDFS) is through the WebHDFS API (Application Programming Interface) that allows remote access to HDFS. For that reason, the API's throughput is very important for the efficient integration of a company's data to the Hadoop cluster. This paper performs a series of experimental analyses aiming to determine the WebHDFS API's throughput, if it is a bottleneck in integration of a company's data to existing Hadoop infrastructure and to detect all possible factors that influence the speed of data transmission between the clients' software and the Hadoop' file system. Keywords—WebHDFS API; throughput analysis; data analytical tools; Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)


This talk presents a brief legal anthropological account of the narratives and politics of representation of various human subjectivities in Indonesia who transgress the dominant universalising sexual and gender norms. It traces both macro- and micro-streams of regulation, including those reliant on liberal legalistic discourse of human rights, whose extremities produce the stringent 'heteronormative' versus 'homonormative' poles – the two mutually reinforcing otherworlds bereft of the intrinsic complexity of sexual/gender experience across the country's archipelagic and islandic selves.


Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging technology for non-invasive cross-sectional imaging of biological tissue and material with um resolution. In the field of pulmonary medicine, non-invasive high resolution cross-sectional imaging is desired for investigation of diseases in lung. So far, a few works have been reported about OCT imaging of lung. Since the lung consists of alveoli separated by thin wall, ultrahigh resolution (UHR) OCT is supposed to be effective for the imaging of fine structure in lung tissue. In this work, ex vivo cross-sectional imaging of isolated rat and hamster lungs was demonstrated using UHR-OCT. A 120 nm-wide, high-power, Gaussian-like supercontinuum (SC) was generated at wavelength of 0.8 um region. The generated SC was used in a time-domain OCT system, and UHR-OCT imaging was demonstrated. An ultrahigh resolution of 2.9 um in air and 2.1 um in tissue was obtained. The achieved sensitivity was 105 dB. Using this system, ex vivo UHR-OCT imaging of isolated rat and hamster lungs was demonstrated for the first time. The structures of the trachea, visceral pleura, and alveoli were observed clearly. When saline was instilled into the lung, the penetration depth was improved, and clear images of the fine structure of the lung, including alveoli, were observed owing to the index matching effect. We have also demonstrated the UHR-OCT imaging of lung tissue using 1.3 um and 1.7 um SC sources. As the results, owing to the precise structures of lung tissues and index matching by saline, the finest images were observed with 0.8 um UHR-OCT system.


The national strength and the people's living level have been improved dramatically since the initiation of reform and opening-up.However,the growing corruption issues have also been spread to every corner of the society,including colleges and universities.To eliminate corruption,we should find out the causes and sovle the problems.One of the missions and functions of the universities is to inheritate,research,integrate and create culture.Therefore,the introduction of incorruptible culture into the university campus can be strategically integrated into the university culture education and the policy establishment,which brings the training of honest and just healthy people into the mission of training talents.As a result,not only the universities and colleges can achieve the healthy and sustainable development,the just and honest culture concept would also be formed among whole society,which in turn,build up a powerful social common perception and discipline rules to fulfill the purpose of eliminating corruption and promoting the healthy development of the society.This essay is written to search for an effective way to introduce the incorruptible culture into the colleges and universities based on the analysis of the current corruption situation in the universities,and to give some guidance to the introduction activities of incorruptible culture.


In view of the problems in the training of computer specialists, analyses are made on renewing curriculum system, improving teaching approach, perfecting and strengthening the links of teaching practicality, augmenting teachers construction, etc. In this paper some suggestions are put forward on computer specialists training.


WebRTC applications collect ICE candidates as part of the process of
creating peer-to-peer connections. To maximize the probability of a
direct peer-to-peer connection, client private IP addresses are
included in this candidate collection. However, disclosure of these
addresses has privacy implications. This document describes a way to
share local IP addresses with other clients while preserving client
privacy. This is achieved by concealing IP addresses with dynamically
generated Multicast DNS (mDNS) names.


Operating conditions of a particle analyzer using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were investigated to optimize the analysis of individual aerosol particles for zinc in the picogram to femtogram range. The signal intensities and their fluctuations from individual particles were strongly affected by the carrier gas flow rate, radio frequency power and sampling depth. The optimum operating conditions were determined and are discussed based on the vaporization and ionization


Introduction. For a physician, participation in research is very important. It is estimated that 20–30% of global clinical trials are being conducted in developing countries and expanding rapidly due to better accessibility of abundant, diverse group of population, rich manpower, periodical amendments and implementation of rules by regulatory authorities. Objective. The aim of the study was to elucidate the current knowledge of undergraduate and postgraduate medical students in clinical research. Materials and method. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at two medical institutes of Punjab in India. The study population comprised of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year students, interns and postgraduate medical students. The study questionnaire was divided into questions based on the concept of preclinical studies, clinical trials, drug development process and case report forms (CRF). The Cronbach's alpha values (measure of internal consistency) of the level of knowledge for preclinical studies, clinical trials, drug development process and CRF were 0.78, 0.79, 0.91 and 0.98, respectively. Data was presented using frequencies, i.e. mean, standard deviation and knowledge was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc Tukey's test. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant and p-value ≤ 0.005 was considered highly significant. Results. Knowledge of various parameters (preclinical studies, clinical trials and drug development process) among both colleges was found to be statistically significant (p<0.005), and medical students of the private Institute possessed higher mean knowledge than that of the government Institute. Conclusions. Institutes must take the necessary steps to develop widespread awareness among students about clinical research. Motivation should be carried out for students to participate in clinical research. This would make India a pioneer in global research and development. Research methodology should be incorporated in the teaching curriculum in order to allocate specific time for research


: Febrile convulsion is the most common seizure in children worldwide. Between 1 and 4% of children develop febrile convulsion within in 5 years of life. The study aimed at finding out mothers' knowledge regarding Management of febrile seizure in children at home. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of home care management module on knowledge regarding febrile seizure among mothers of under five children in selected PHC at Chennai. A pre - experimental one group pretest, posttest research design was adopted for the study and 30 mother of under five children were selected using simple random sampling technique. Semi structured questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge regarding febrile seizure and on home care management module was given to the mothers for about 30 minutes which was followed by the post test. The study findings showed that the pre test mean score was 42.28 with standard deviation of 1.94 and post test mean score was 86.40 with standard deviation of 1.52. The paired `t` value was 25.49*** which revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between the pre test and post test level of knowledge at p<0.05.


This article studied the theoretical composition of tunnel geological prediction (TGP), put forth the concepts of broad-sense TGP, narrow-sense TGP and comprehensive TGP and established a technical solution of broad-sense TGP on this basis, including three steps: macroscopic prediction of unfavorable geologies in the tunnel area, prediction of unfavorable geological bodies in the tunnel (i.e.: narrow-sense TGP) and alarm on approaching of geological hazards in the tunnel. The article also researched the methods and technical means of short-term geological prediction and long-term geological prediction of narrow-sense TGP and proposed a fault parameter prediction method, a surface geological body projection prediction method and a precursor prediction method of unfavorable geological bodies in the tunnel. In addition, the article also introduced the concept of alarm on approaching of geological hazards in tunnel construction and established a method for alarm on approaching of geological hazards in the tunnel. In the end, the article concluded that the implementation of comprehensive prediction is the most effective means to achieve expected prediction effect and increase prediction accuracy.


New Cryptosystems.- Faster Generation of NICE-Schnorr-Type Signatures.- New Key Agreement Protocols in Braid Group Cryptography.- RSA.- Improving SSL Handshake Performance via Batching.- From Fixed-Length Messages to Arbitrary-Length Messages Practical RSA Signature Padding Schemes.- An Advantage of Low-Exponent RSA with Modulus Primes Sharing Least Significant Bits.- Symmetric Cryptography.- On the Strength of Simply-Iterated Feistel Ciphers with Whitening Keys.- Analysis of SHA-1 in Encryption Mode.- Fast Implementation and Fair Comparison of the Final Candidates for Advanced Encryption Standard Using Field Programmable Gate Arrays.- Gambling and Lotteries.- Fair e-Lotteries and e-Casinos.- Secure Mobile Gambling.- Reductions, Constructions and Security Proofs.- Formal Security Proofs for a Signature Scheme with Partial Message Recovery.- The Oracle Diffie-Hellman Assumptions and an Analysis of DHIES.- REACT: Rapid Enhanced-Security Asymmetric Cryptosystem Transform.- Flaws and Attacks.- Security Weaknesses in Bluetooth.- Distinguishing Exponent Digits by Observing Modular Subtractions.- On the Power of Misbehaving Adversaries and Security Analysis of the Original EPOC.- Implementation.- Modular Exponentiation on Fine-Grained FPGA.- Scalable Algorithm for Montgomery Multiplication and its Implementation on the Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Chip.- Software Implementation of the NIST Elliptic Curves Over Prime Fields.- Multivariate Cryptography.- The Security of Hidden Field Equations (HFE).- QUARTZ, 128-Bit Long Digital Signatures.- FLASH, a Fast Multivariate Signature Algorithm.- Number Theoretic Problems.- Analysis of the Weil Descent Attack of Gaudry, Hess and Smart.- Using Fewer Qubits in Shor's Factorization Algorithm via Simultaneous Diophantine Approximation.- Passwords and Credentials.- Relying Party Credentials Framework.- Password Authentication Using Multiple Servers.- More Efficient Password-Authenticated Key Exchange.- Protocols I.- Improved Boneh-Shaw Content Fingerprinting.- Efficient Asymmetric Public-Key Traitor Tracing Without Trusted Agents.- Targeted Advertising ... and Privacy Too.- Protocols II.- Uncheatable Distributed Computations.- Forward-Secure Threshold Signature Schemes.- A Cost-Effective Pay-Per-Multiplication Comparison Method for Millionaires.


Driving vehicles on roads in conditions such as fuzzy view, showery, and inside the tunnel is difficult for a driver. This research describes a reliable method for recognising road lanes in real time. The complexity of the road environment makes lane detection difficult. The test result shows that the design is accurate and robust for seeing the road lane. To improve traffic safety, this research paper suggests a real-time, efficient lane detecting approach.


The Bureau of Mines is sponsoring a variety of long-term, high-risk research to advance state-of-the-art technology in U.S. underground coal mining. This report reviews the status of many Bureau projects that support fundamental underground coal-mining operations; the project areas include cutting coal from the solid (extraction), hauling coal from the face (transport), and activities that sustain daily operations (logistics). Innovative equipment and technology have been developed, with these major objectives: to significantly improve coal-mine productivity, to further advance coal recovery and personal safety within the mining industry, and to reduce the time needed to develop longwall panels. The majority of the prototype equipment covered in the report either has undergone or will undergo comprehensive evaluation at Bureau surface test facilities so that performance and reliability can be improved before the equipment is tested and evaluated in a working section underground.


The annual round table of the Society of Modern & Contemporary History held in Paris on Saturday 17th March 2012 was dedicated to recent developments and methods in intellectual history. By way of introduction, it was reminded that the term "intellectuel history" encompasses many different meanings, and that we must avoid giving in too hastily to sharp categorizations and easy proclamations of absolute novelty or innovation. Contrary to some fallacious retrospective interpretations, it does exist a tradition of intellectual history in France, as the trajectory of the Revue de synthese can display, even if we have seen approaches evolve from Henri Berr to Jean-Claude Perrot.


Lung segmentation is an important operation in the analysis of medical images. It can be very challenging in circumstances where image artefacts and abnormalities deteriorate the lung boundaries, therefore hindering the lung delineation process. In this work, we propose a combination of algorithms to achieve good segmentation results. These algorithms essentially comprise region growing and morphological operations, which together become a powerful tool to automate the segmentation. The proposed method was evaluated on a database of 55 patients, with varying image quality and drastic anatomical changes.


Abstract: In China, state-owned commercial banks have monopoly position on the banking loan market. This paper constructs a two-stage dynamic game model to analyze the conspiracy in decision-making of bank loans, based on the establishment of relationship lend between SMEs and managers in large banks. Results indicate the existence of an optimal equilibrium as the solution of conspiracy. A revised mathematical model analysis with relaxed assumption shows that: if the state-owned banks have the mastery of large amounts of capital, supervision of SMEs lending are weak, and bank manager has the control of complete information of enterprises, the conspiracy tendencies for both parties will be more obvious. The conspiracy based on relationship lends between banks and enterprises will greatly damage the interests of banks and extrude high-quality SMEs. Key words: Mathematical Model; Dynamic Game; Conspiracy;Relationship Lend


World Wide Web is an essential component for day to day computer users. One of the common problems that most web surfers face is searching or the same piece of information multiple times in the web. Web browsers support bookmarking important web sites for future use. This might depend on the machine and the user may need to find the same kind of information in another machine. Redundant search on the same piece of information wastes the computer surfer's time and resources. To address the above mentioned issues the authors have developed an Intelligent Web companion (IWC), a web surfing tool to allow users to have more personalized web browsing experience independent from the location, computer and the web browser. IWC is a web based application which allows each user to create own profile and surf the web. IWC is capable of tracking the user's browsing pattern and based on tracked information IWC provides important sets of services to the web surfer.


Achievement goal theory originally defined performance-approach goals as striving to demonstrate competence to outsiders by outperforming peers. The research, however, has operationalized the goals inconsistently, emphasizing the competence demonstration element in some cases and the peer comparison element in others. A meta-analysis by Hulleman et al. (2010) discovered that students' academic achievement was negatively predicted by performance-approach goals that focus on appearing talented, but positively predicted by performance-approach goals that focus on outperforming peers. The present meta-analysis extends that pattern to numerous other educational outcomes, such as competence perceptions and self-regulation. It does so while also removing a confound (i.e., the sample's mean age) that varies systematically along with the type of performance-approach goal measure employed in studies. Discussion explores when and why the 2 types of performance-approach goals are most likely to diverge versus converge. It also considers 2 potential directions that goal theory can take to incorporate the 2 performance-approach goals.


In order to determine proper condition of fermentation, the contents of riboflavin, vitamin C, taste and pH were observed at and using two kinds of Kimchi. (15 and 7 kinds of subsidiary ingredients) The percentage ratio of riboflavin reached maxima (173% and 156%) in the 30 days period at and (162% and 160%) in the 60 days period at . At the period of borderline, that person is not accept the tasts because of too sourness, total riboflavin is remained so much that of origin(100%, 94%). The amount of vitamin C increased by 162% and 144% at 60days according to at , and then decreased gradually. The palatibility test by 10 trained panels, most Koreans favored both freshness and repeness of Kimchi.


The angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is an emerging target of functional non‐HLA antibodies (Ab). We examined the potential of determining the degree of presensitization against AT1R as a risk factor for graft survival and acute rejection (AR). The study included 599 kidney recipients between 1998 and 2007. Serum samples were analyzed in a blinded fashion for anti‐AT1R antibodies (AT1R‐Abs) using a quantitative solid‐phase assay. A threshold of AT1R‐Ab levels was statistically determined at 10 U based on the time to graft failure. An extended Cox model determined risk factors for occurrence of graft failure and a first AR episode. AT1R‐Abs >10 U were detected in 283 patients (47.2%) before transplantation. Patients who had a level of AT1R‐Abs >10 U had a 2.6‐fold higher risk of graft failure from 3 years posttransplantation onwards (p = 0.0005) and a 1.9‐fold higher risk of experiencing an AR episode within the first 4 months of transplantation (p = 0.0393). Antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) accounted for 1/3 of AR, whereby 71.4% of them were associated with >10 U of pretransplant AT1R‐Abs. Pretransplant anti‐AT1R‐Abs are an independent risk factor for long‐term graft loss in association with a higher risk of early AR episodes.


Objective:The purpose of this paper is to clone leukemia associated gene and investigates aberrant DNA methylation of this gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods:The Restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) and Southern Blot were performed on genomic DNA from AML bone marrow (BM) samples. Results:An abnormal 221 bp fragment due to a distinct DNA methylation on NotI site was cloned. Sequence analysis showed that the fragment represented a portion of exon 2 of the WIT 1 gene. Seven of 21 (33.3%) chemosensitive AML and 7 of 8 (87.5%) primary refractory AML showed methylation of WIT 1 gene. The incidence of WIT 1 methylation in primary refractory AML was significantly higher than that noted in chemosensitive AML. Conclusion:The results indicate that RLGS is a effective method to find leukemia associated gene in AML and that WIT 1 gene methylation analysis is important to estimate therapeutic response in AML.


Summary This paper deals with the history and development of the superego, that is the evolution of the internal objects from birth through infancy and childhood. It describes how primitive emotions, both negative and positive, leave a mark in the superego, remaining as the potentiality that can be reactivated. In my view the primitive and cruel aspects of the superego derive from very early frightening objects, while the ego ideal on the contrary, or the ideal of the self derive from very early idealised objects. I give two clinical examples, one to illustrate how the objects do not change and the second to show the operation and changes in the superego in the transference.


Today, because of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, prostate cancer in most patients is detected earlier and at younger ages than in the past. Despite this early detection and after definitive therapy, whether by radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiation therapy (RT), a biochemical recurrence will develop within 10 years of treatment in about 35% of men.1,2 With about 230,000 cases of prostate cancer diagnosed each year in the United States, it is estimated that a PSA-only recurrence develops in more than 50,000 men per year.3


Abstract Sulfide species (inorganic and organic sulfides) are well known for their toxicity and corrosiveness. Several industries, including oil and gas, are prone to corrosive damage due to sulfides that necessitate their timely removal using appropriate methods. Employing chemical scavengers is the most suitable method where the scavenger combine with dissolved sulfides in aqueous/hydrocarbon phase and convert them to a nontoxic and less corrosive form that can be easily removed from the stream. Instead of direct chemical scavenger addition, different approaches, including absorption and adsorption methods, are employed in eliminating sulfide species from gas streams in different industrial applications. This review provides a detailed account of various sulfide scavengers used in oil and gas sweetening. Most recent research advancements in this area are highlighted. A brief account of the latest reported works on novel adsorbents for the desulfurization process for refinery fuels is also provided. The review ends with a short discussion on catalytic hydrodesulfurization.


After giving an overall introduction and making a brief comparison among bilingual education,the teaching of ESP, and English immersion education of business courses for business English majors,this paper attempts to discuss the nature of English immersion education of business courses,and put forward some related problems and the correspondent suggestions.


Objective To study the clinical effect of shoulder or wrist reconstruction after bone tumor resection using the free vascularised proxinal fibular graft with fibular head including osteoepiphysis by anastomosis of fibular vessel in children.Methods Free vascularised poximal fibular grafts with fibular head including epiphysis and anastomosis of fibular vessel was used as substitute to reconstruct shoulder or wrist after bone tumor resection in 11 patients(age ranged from 4 to 12,average 6.5 years old),and the clinical effect investigate.Results All fibular grafts united within 3 months and were regarded as an ideal substitute because of its bone-shape.Both outlook and function of shoulders and wrists had good results postoperatively.Conclusion The free vascularised fibular graft with fibular head including osteoepiphysis by anastomosis of fibular vessel is an ideal substitute for shoulder or wrist reconstruction after bone tumor resection in children.


Development situation of forestry between China and America is summarized, successful experiences of American forestry are discussed, and then three suggestions are given to promote forestry development of China.


© 2021 African Journal of Biological Sciences. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Abstract Composts and biochar improve soil fertility and also suppress fungal soil-borne diseases through their ability to promote beneficial microbial communities. The study sought to determine the mechanisms through which biochar and vermicompost suppress root rot pathogens. Extracts of biochar and vermicompost were used for spore germination, mycelial growth tests at different concentrations. To assess the ability of biochar and vermicompost to adsorb signaling molecules from bean, root and seed exudates were filtered through biochar and vermicompost. Antagonistic activity of Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium spp against root rot pathogens was also assessed. Germination of Pythium ultimum sporangia and Fusarium solani macroconidia was significantly inhibited by various concentrations of water extractible substances from biochar and vermicompost. Water extracts from biochar and vermicompost inhibited the germination of root rot propagules and reduced the ability of root and seed exudates to induce sporangial and conidial germination. Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium spp significantly inhibited the growth of Pythium ultimum sporangia and Fusarium solani. The water extracts significantly reduced the growth of root rot colonies on PDA plates. Biochar and Vermicompost greatly inhibit germination of spores and mycelial growth of root rot pathogens.


Masonry structures without effective reinforcement are vulnerable to seismic excitation. An innovative strengthening technique was proposed for damaged and undamaged masonry walls. Six confined masonry units with two aspect ratios were tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading, which consisted of two control walls, two original walls strengthened with reactive powder concrete (RPC-1), and two damaged walls repaired with RPC (RPC-2). The results of the specimens retrofitted with RPC demonstrated that the proposed technique significantly enhanced the seismic performance of masonry walls in terms of lateral strength, ductility, and energy dissipation. Furthermore, the two repaired specimens had a better distributed cracking pattern than the two strengthened specimens. The analysis of the results leads to a better understanding of the effect and mechanism of RPC seismic retrofitting for confined masonry walls.


A quantitative single-molecule tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) study at room temperature remained a challenge due to the rapid structural dynamics of molecules exposed to air. Here, we demonstrate the single-molecule level hyperspectral TERS imaging of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) at room temperature for the first time, along with quantitative spectral analyses. Freeze-frame approach using a thin Al2O3 capping layer, which suppresses spectral diffusions and inhibits chemical reactions and contaminations in air, enabled reliable and robust chemical imaging. For the molecules resolved spatially in the TERS image, a clear Raman peak variation up to 7.5 cm−1 is observed, which cannot be found in molecular ensembles. From density functional theory-based quantitative analyses of the varied TERS peaks, we reveal the conformational heterogeneity at the single-molecule level. This work provides a facile way to investigate the singlemolecule properties in interacting media, expanding the scope of single-molecule ∗Correspondence: firstname.lastname@example.com (Y.D.S), firstname.lastname@example.com (K.-D.P) 1Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea 2Laboratory for Advanced Molecular Probing (LAMP), Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141, Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea 3Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea 4Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141, Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea 5School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Suwon, 34114, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea 6Lead contact Preprint submitted to Chem October 28, 2021 vibrational spectroscopy.


The gamma irradiation induced aging of thermoplastic polymer Estane 5703 in air and water environments was studied by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The degree of phase mixing was increased after irradiation, accompanied by the increase of domain distance and decrease of domain size. The hard domain distance increased from 9.8 to 11.2 nm and 14.4 nm for the samples irradiated in air and water with a dose up to 500 kGy, respectively. The GPC results indicated progressive formation of larger linked structures with very high molar mass with increasing absorbed doses. The samples irradiated in water exhibited a stronger aging effect than those irradiated in air. The FTIR results suggested that the cross-linking occurred among the secondary alkyl radicals, and the interactions in hard domains weakened because of the loss of inter-urethane H-bonds. The volume fraction of well-ordered soft segments in Estane increased upon irradiation.


Aim: Comprehending the elements that influence COVID-19 vaccination acceptability and recognizing expediters for vaccination decisions are critical components of developing effective ways to increase vaccine coverage in the general population. This study aims to investigate the main factors affecting COVID-19 vaccination uptake among Dubai 'Airport's employees. In addition, it seeks to explore the main signs and symptoms that appeared on vaccinated employees after taking the COVID-19 vaccination, hence, track the vaccine's safety.
Methods: Employees at Dubai's airport in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), mainly in Dubai, provided data. To gather data online utilising the Google Forms platform, a questionnaire was used as the main quantitative tool. As 2000 questionnaires got distributed, 1007 employees participated in the survey, yielding a 50.4% response rate.
Results: The results show that employees overwhelmingly agree with the assertion that the factors of accessibility and affordability have a significant effect on their decision to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, followed by a trust in vaccine, knowledge, vaccine safety, advice and information, and beliefs on the vaccine. In this study, the agreement level on factors affecting the COVID-19 vaccine uptake was found significantly to be higher in females (88.6%) who were married (91.6%) and those aged over 60 years (89.2%) at P <.05. In addition, the results show that 53.7% of vaccinated staff was found to have one or more side effects of the vaccine, where none of them was hospitalized after immunization. The binary logistic regression analysis in this study shows that females were two times more likely to have 'vaccine's symptoms after vaccination than males (Exp (B): 1.6; 95%CI: 1.127 - 2.351, P< .01). It further reveals that participants in the age group over 50 were three times more likely to have 'vaccine's symptoms after vaccination than participants in the age group 20-29 (Exp (B): 2.9; 95%CI: 2.497-9.681, P< .001). Finally, it indicates that individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were 2 times more likely to have 'vaccine's symptoms after vaccination than those without known past infection (Exp (B): 1.9; 95%CI: 1.272 - 2.542, P< .01).
Conclusion: There are several factors that playing a significant role in population's decision to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, where the accessibility and affordability factors were found to have the greatest effect on their decision to uptake the vaccine. The current study concluded that COVID-19 vaccination is safe and that adverse effects from a vaccine are usually modest and affected by several factors such as age, gender, and COVID-19 infection history.


The chapter describes procedures for surgical management of drug-resistant epilepsy. The presurgical evaluation is outlined including the use of MRI, and functional imaging with PET and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The importance of electroencephalographic recordings of seizures in split-screen video technique is underlined. The spectrum of interventions includes temporal lobe procedures (selective amygdalohippocampectomy, two-thirds temporal lobectomy, and tailored lateral resections), in addition to extratemporal lobe resections consisting of lesionectomies, extended lesionectomies, but also lobectomies and multilobectomies. Hemispherectomies/hemispherotomies of various types are described and a second disconnective procedure: callosotomy. Vagal nerve stimulator implantation as a palliative procedure is detailed, and other operations are briefly touched (such as hypothalamic hamartoma disconnection, deep brain stimulation, and responsive cortical stimulator implantation). The chapter is concluded by briefly discussing outcome of epilepsy surgery and management of complications. The controversy concerning small temporal lobe resections versus classic lobe resections is outlined.


1 The purpose of this study was to determine whether the adenosine receptor that mediates a decrease in the force of contraction of the guinea‐pig atrium is of the A1‐ or A2‐sub‐type. 2 Concentration‐response curves to adenosine and a number of 5′‐ and N6‐substituted analogues were constructed and the order of potency of the purines was: 5′‐N‐cyclopropylcarboxamide adenosine (NCPCA) = 5′‐N‐ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) >N6cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) > L‐N6‐phenylisopropyl adenosine (l‐PIA) = 2‐chloroadenosine > adenosine > D‐N6‐phenylisopropyl adenosine (d‐PIA). 3 The difference in potency between the stereoisomers d‐ and l‐PIA was over 100 fold. 4 The adenosine transport inhibitor, dipyridamole, potentiated submaximal responses to adenosine but had no significant effect on those evoked by the other purines. 5 Theophylline antagonized responses evoked by all purines, and with d‐PIA revealed a positive inotropic effect that was abolished by atenolol. 6 The results indicate the existence of an adenosine Ai‐receptor in the guinea‐pig atrium.


: Currently the intelligent terminal based on the Android has occupied most of the market, and the number of malware aiming at Android platform is also increasing. The problems of security threats and privacy disclosure caused by malicious behaviors are becoming more serious. How to make the security assessments and metrics effectively for the security of application has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this project we are going to design application which can analysis the application's resources and through the result of analysis user can identify application is infected by malware or not


This is a study of the education and labour market experiences of 28,000 black and white young people of whom 900 were Asian and nearly 500 were Afro-Caribbean. The data, collected between 1985 and 1989, was taken from the Youth Cohort study of England and Wales, a nationally representative survey funded by the Employment Department and the Department for Education. The analysis focused on three main areas; educational attainment at 16, post-compulsory education (routes through academic and vocational courses) and entry into the labour market (YTS participation, employment and unemployment). The results showed that at 16, Afro-Caribbeans somewhat lag behind Asians and whites in average educational attainment. This result, however has to be placed in the context of social class and other differences. Participation in post-compulsory education is high for Afro-Caribbeans and particularly Asians but generalization about academic and vocational routes taken should be made with care. Finding employment continues to be difficult for black young people whatever their level of attainment and unemployment levels continue to be high relative to white young people. The logit models showed that ethnic origin was highly significant in determining employment and unemployment probabilities, whatever the educational level or route taken into the labour market. This shows the continuing consequences of racism on the lives of black young people.


This article deals with the implementation of achievements of criminalistic tactics in investigative activities, which find their expression in the developed tactical techniques for the production of certain investigative actions. Tactical techniques have been the subject of research for a long time yet while there is still no single approach to this category. In particular, there is no uniformity in proposed definitions of this concept, criteria for its admissibility, etc. It is noted that in forensic science, a fairly large number of different grounds for classifying tactical techniques have been proposed. One of the most common grounds for dividing tactical techniques is such a feature as the applied type of special sciences that were used in their development. In the classification according to the specified criterion, special attention is paid to tactical and psychological techniques, that is, based on provisions of psychology. Taking into account the fact that a number of tactical and psychological techniques are enshrined in the current criminal procedure legislation, it becomes necessary to develop recommendations that take into account their psychological content. Only if this condition is met will the established goals of criminal proceedings be attainable. The features of the use of tactical and psychological techniques during interrogation, face-to-face confrontation, and presentation for identification are considered. Such features, among other things, are due to the need to ensure the protection of the rights and freedoms of participants in criminal proceedings. Deviations from forensic recommendations are indicated, when the available tactical and psychological techniques remain unrealized due to the applied formal approach.


This paper presents an overview of some of the main simulation tools used today for analysis of railway vehicle dynamics and a brief history of the development of this field. The methods typically used to handle the difficult and highly non-linear aspects of wheel-rail contact and other suspension non-linearities are outlined. The various approaches to interface with the user and links to other types of simulation tools are mentioned and future developments in this area discussed.


and sacra littera and experienced the Bible as a "trysting place with God" (14), for they believed, contrary to the papal church, that nowhere was God more present than in holy scripture (75–97). The author convincingly demonstrates that for Martin Luther the Word of God endures forever. I recommend this book highly, particularly to pastors, teachers, and students of theology. Australian Lutheran College/ Jeffrey Silcock University of Divinity North Adelaide, South Australia


In the United States children enter the state‐run foster care system because of a range of conditions considered to be "abuse and neglect." Children entering the system are vulnerable to additional bureaucratically ordained violence, some of which is generic and some of which is gendered. This paper situates the exposure of children in state care to gendered violence in a context of poverty, the scaling back of state social welfare programs, and the interaction of gender, family, and race ideologies. The consequences of early exposure to gendered violence are explored through narratives by parents of girls adopted over the age of two who had been subject to sexual and other forms of gendered violence in or before foster care. The need for intervention on the conditions leading to foster care, better monitoring of children's well‐being in foster care, and training and support of foster and adoptive parents regarding recovery from gendered violence is stressed, as is the need to address the ideological cond...


Pd/ZnO composites with various palladium mol fractions were prepared through a facile one-pot hydrothermal method.Samples were characterized by XRD,HRTEM,EDX and XPS.The results demonstrate that partial Pd are loaded on the surface while the rests are doped in the lattice of ZnO.The change of hydroxyl groups on the surface of Pd/ZnO compounds modified by Pd with various mol fractions was observed by XPS,and the photocatalytic performance of the samples are investigated in detail.It is found that the addition of the palladium chloride solution into the reaction system,can not only increase the amount of the surface hydroxyl groups,but also promote the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and thus increase the photodegradation efficiency.


The invention relates to a multifunctional wheel-type sofa for old, weak, sick and disabled. The wheel-type sofa comprises a sofa main body, wherein a backrest is arranged on the sofa main body; the backrest is hinged with the sofa main body; a clamping block is integrally connected to the bottom of the backrest; an inserting rod, which is matched with the clamping block, is arranged at the bottom of the sofa main body; a base plate is hinged on the sofa main body; a pedestal pan is arranged below the base plate; a big bedpan is arranged below the pedestal pan; a small bedpan is arranged below the big bedpan; the small bedpan is connected to a small urine cup by virtue of a pipeline; upper layers of pull rods and lower layers of pull rods are respectively arranged on two sides of the sofa main body; an upper layer of plate body is arranged on the two upper layers of pull rods, and a lower layer of plate body is arranged on the two lower layers of pull rods; wheels are respectively arranged on two sides of the sofa main body; manual wheels are respectively fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the wheels; and a back cushion is movably connected to the top of the backrest. The wheel-type sofa disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the sofa can solve problems of the old, weak, sick and disabled in various daily lives including defecating and urinating, and in particular urinating, dining, getting around, lying and the like in the night, so as to greatly facilitate the old, weak, sick and disabled and their family members.


We investigated whether woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) would remain in a 2772 km2 area in eastern Quebec where the forest management plan included the preservation of large forest blocks (35–182 km2) linked with >400 m wide corridors and where cuts were amalgamated in large zones. To evaluate changes in caribou abundance and habitat selection, we conducted five aerial surveys and followed by telemetry 13 to 22 female caribou each year, from March 1998 to March 2005. Caribou numbers declined by 59% between 1999 and 2001 but gradually recovered to initial abundance. Female survival increased from 73.3% in 1999 to 87.3%–93.4% in 2004 and 2005. Caribou selected protected blocks, used corridors in proportion to their availability, and avoided logged areas. They preferred closed conifer stands without terrestrial lichens and open conifer stands with or without terrestrial lichens throughout the study. Open habitats (clearcuts and burns), regenerating sites, mixed and deciduous stands, and water bo...