Background: The introduction of imatinib, the first of a family of abl kinase inhibitors, opened a new era in the therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The majority of treated patients achieve complete cytogenetic response, although the disease is often detectable by molecular techniques. Materials and Methods: Using a mathematical model for the architecture of hematopoiesis and progression of disease as well as clinical data, we develop a unified framework that models the origin and clonal expansion of CML, the response to abl kinase inhibitors, and relapse upon cessation of therapy. Results: The model predicts that a small pool of mutated stem cells is enough to drive CML. Inhibition of the abl kinase decreases the self-renewal capability of CML progenitors, altering their fitness compared with normal progenitors. Persistence of CML progenitors, however, is responsible for the rapid relapses observed upon cessation of therapy. We demonstrate how the architecture of hematopoiesis plays an instrumental role in growth of the CML clone and its response to treatment. Conclusion: A small pool of stem cells is enough to drive the chronic phase of CML. Imatinib reverses the fitness advantage of CML cells, allowing return of normal hematopoiesis in most patients. Persistence of CML progenitor cells seems to be responsible for the observed relapse kinetics.


We consider the full irrotational water waves system with surface tension and no gravity in dimension two (the capillary waves system), and prove global regularity and modified scattering for suitably small and localized perturbations of a flat interface. An important point of our analysis is to develop a sufficiently robust method, based on energy estimates and dispersive analysis, which allows us to deal with strong singularities arising from time resonances in the applications of the normal form method and nonlinear scattering. As a result, we are able to consider a suitable class of perturbations with finite energy, but no other momentum conditions. Part of our analysis relies on a new treatment of the Dirichlet-Neumann operator in dimension two which is of independent interest. As a consequence, the results in this paper are self-contained.


The key similarities and differences between a Religious Education (RE) UK and Aspects of Society and Culture NSW are discussed. The experience of teaching Aspects of Society and Culture helped to cope with any of the challenges posed by the RE course in the UK.


Nipa (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.), aside from being part of the mangrove forest ecosystem that has been under assault at an alarming rate, lacks information on its genetic variation at the population level for conservation planning purposes. Microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are molecular markers employed to detect genetic variations in population studies. Here, the primers for this palm were identified through whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina® Sequencing Technology platform. Over half (52.4%) of SSRs consisted of mononucleotide repeats, whereas the remainder mostly consisted of dinucleotide (22.7%) and trinucleotide (22.4%) repeats. The frequencies of longer repeats (tetranucleotides, pentanucleotides and hexanucleotides) were exceptionally rare (2.5%). At least 18 out of 75 genomic loci were polymorphic, based on 37 randomly selected samples assayed for screening. Polymorphic loci (P) reached a mean of 72% across the Indo-West Pacific region. Estimates of genetic diversity showed a lower mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) (0.195) than expected (He) (0.316), suggesting evolutionary forces were acting across nipa populations. The fixation (F) index (0.388) supported this result, which indicates considerable genetic differentiation among populations in the region. An average of 2.111 alleles (Na) was obtained. In conclusion, these microsatellite markers are promising tools for genetic evaluation of nipa populations to facilitate characterization of this species in its distribution range.


At present, different problems exist in the insurance in the process of implementing in different areas,such as the enrollment rate is low, the level of reimbursement is limited, insurance is ineffective and so on. In view of this, the article makes the discussion of the relevant aspects and makes up some corresponding countermeasures to improve the undergraduate medical insurance system from three angles of the government, schools and individuals.


In this paper, a low-cost dual-polarized wideband base station antenna is presented. The antenna element can cover the frequency band from 1900 to 2700MHz. The results in this antenna design demonstrate that it is more cost-effective and can simplify the manufacturing process. The antenna consists of only one double-size PCB and two single-layer PCBs. It shows that the antenna element can provide more than 9dBi peak gain, 30dB isolation, 15dB co-cross polar ratio and preserve the symmetry of antenna pattern.


AbstractIntroduction:Treatment of aggressive pituitary adenomas typically involves a multimodality approach based on histopathological features and may include pharmacotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. In cases of treatment-refractory tumor progression, chemotherapy may be considered. However, no standard chemotherapeutic regimen has been established. Anecdotal reports suggest that temozolomide may have a beneficial role in a subset of cases.Materials and Methods:In this case series and institutional experience we report the outcome and unique clinical characteristics of seven patients with aggressive pituitary tumors treated with temozolomide given at various dose regimens.Results:Tumor pathology included somatotrope (n=1), corticotrope (n=3), and lactotrope (n=3) tumors. Four of the seven patients had at least two prior resections, and all had prior radiation and surgery before treatment with temozolomide was considered. Notably, all patients showed response to therapy, defined as either stable disease (43%) or partial response (57%), using standard tumor response assessment parameters. Excluding the two patients who remain on therapy to date, total duration of therapeutic benefit ranged between 5–15 months. Three patients showed radiographic and clinical benefit beyond one year.Conclusions:Our data suggest that temozolomide may have an important role in the management of aggressive functioning pituitary tumors that are resistant to standard therapies, and that optimization of therapy with temozolomide may involve individualized regimens. Future prospective clinical trials should be considered.


Methods of direct observation of seat belt and child restraint use were examined. Despite the apparently simple nature of the task of observing restraint use of vehicle occupants on the road many problems were detected. Reports of survey methods were generally very brief and invariably lacked sufficient detail to repeat the procedure or fully ascertain its accuracy. The details given often showed that a representative sample was unlikely to be recorded with the procedures used. A new set of instructions and methods were devised which avoid the problems identified in previous surveys. The new method was successfully adopted by taru observers in the 1982 surveys. Their uniform adoption would result in comparability of survey methodology and so to a large extent, results (a).


The National Science Foundation Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) is a 4-m off-axis telescope that points directly at the sun. Pointing at the sun generates a tremendous amount of heat (approximately 12kW) which requires an innovative cooling method and thermal control to avoid damaging telescope equipment and the building. The heat stop is one component DKIST implemented as part of the thermal control system. The heat stop is located at the telescope's prime focus and blocks most light from proceeding to the M2 mirror and subsequent optics with a five (5) arcmin field of view diameter. The surface temperatures of the heat stop are also maintained near ambient temperatures to minimize self-induced seeing and maintain high-quality images. The heat stop comprises of the following: a reflector and an absorber. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeled the thermal performance of the current heat stop reflector and absorber design. Installed temperature sensors and historical data shall then determine the actual fluid thermal heat loads and rise in surface temperatures. The results shall verify the thermal performance of the heat stop. Future work includes investigating whether or not the heat stop contributes to any seeing that may be present in the instrumentation images.


For each sapphire Sol $3$-manifold, we classify the free involutions. For each triple $(M, \tau; R^n)$ where $M$ is a sapphire Sol $3$-manifold and $\tau$ is a free involution, we show if $(M, \tau; R^n)$ has the Borsuk-Ulam property or not. It is known that for $n>3$ the Borsuk-Ulam property does not hold independent of the involution, so we provide a classification when $n=2$ and $3$.


Longitudinal space-charge forces can be a major source of micro-bunching instability. In this paper we briefl yr eport about analytical, numerical and experimental methods for the description and characterization of spacecharge induced optical microbunching. We discuss a threedimensional theoretical model for the high frequency limit of space-charge interactions leading to density modulation at the optical scale. Particular emphasis is given to the effect of transverse thermal motion on the angular distribution of micro-bunching and to its connection to the physics of Landau damping in longitudinal plasma oscillations. We discuss a comparison of our model with high resolution numerical simulations with three-dimensional periodic boundary conditions. Finally we discuss a method for the experimental characterization of the transverse microbunching distribution from the coherent optical transition radiation emitted by the electrons.


objective Determining the activity of amylase and lipase in different serum specimen with differet diluent, and to probe into the difference in the different specimen dertermined by Vitros 250.Method Determining the activity of amylase and lipase in the different specimen diluted with NS,H 2O,low serum,2%BSA and 7%BSA by vitros 250.Conclusion The NS is the best to determine amylase;low serum is the best to determine lipase.


Reticulons are proteins of neuroendocrine cells localized primarily to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Despite their implication in cellular processes like apoptosis or axonal regeneration, their intracellular molecular function is still largely unknown. Here, we show that reticulon 1‐C can be detected in a protein complex of 150–200 kDa, and that a number of soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, i.e. syntaxin 1, syntaxin 7, syntaxin 13 and VAMP2, can be co‐immunoprecipitated with reticulon 1‐C. Moreover, it localizes to a nocodazole‐sensitive, but calreticulin‐negative domain of the endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, overexpression in PC12 cells of a reticulon 1‐C fragment which binds to SNAREs, significantly enhances human growth hormone secretion. These results suggest that reticulons are involved in vesicle trafficking events, including regulated exocytosis.


The invention discloses a backflow preventing menstrual cup, and belongs to the technical field of articles for menstrual period. The menstrual cup comprises a cup body, wherein a cup cavity is formed in the cup body; at the top of the cup cavity, the cup body is provided with a round cup opening; at the opposite side of the round cup opening, a stream guidance pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cup body; a valve is arranged on the stream guidance pipe; a membrane valve, which can seal the round cup opening, is arranged in the cup body; and the membrane valve can be opened in a one-way mode towards the inner side of the cup cavity. According to the backflow preventing menstrual provided by the invention, adding the membrane valve on the basis of a conventional menstrual cup, an effect of one-way sealing is achieved on the inner side of the round cup opening; therefore, when liquid flows into the cup body from the round cup opening, the membrane valve becomes deformed so as to permit the liquid to enter the cup body, while when the cup body is inverted, the liquid in the cup body, due to own gravity, exerts pressure to the membrane valve so as to seal the round cup opening by virtue of the membrane valve, so that a good sealing effect is achieved, and a good backflow preventing function is realized.


AIM: To investigate the expressions of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene in cancer and precancer tissues of esophagus and its relation with cellular proliferation antigen Ki-67 and to investigate the value of hTERT in early diagnosis for esophageal cancer as well as predication of prognosis. METHODS: In situ hybridization was adopted to detect the expressions of hTERTmRNA in tissues of esophageal cancer (42 cases), atypical hyperplasia (37 cases), and normal esophagus(12 cases). Ki-67 antigen was detected by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The positive rates of hTERTmRNA in tissues of normal mucosa, atypical hyperplasia and cancers were 0.0%, 48.6%, and 83.3% while rates of Ki-67 antigen were 0%, 56.8%, and 88.1% respectively. The expressions of hTERTmRNA and Ki-67 were significantly increased in tissues of hyperplasia and cancer, compared with those in the normal tissues (P <0.01); Expressions of hTERTmRNA and Ki-67 antigen between hyperplasia and cancer also had significant differences (P <0.01). Expressions of hTERTmRNA and Ki-67 antigen significantly related to clinical staging of esophageal cancer and metastasis of lymph node (P <0.05). Meanwhile, there was significant relation between expression of hTERTmRNA and Ki-67 antigen (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Over-expression of hTERT gene may play an important role during carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal cancer; Expression of hTERTmRNA is relative to cellular proliferating activity. The detection of hTERT will be helpful for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of esophageal cancer. Li J, Wang Q, Rong WD. Expressions of human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene in cancer and pre-cancer tissues of esophagus. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004;12(10):2280-2282 http://www.wjgnet.com/1009-3079/12/2280.asp


The Pereyaslav Rada in 1654 was the historical arena for the kazaki led by Hetman Bohdan Khmel'nytsky to obtain the Russian support and cooperation in the course of getting independence from the Poland's rule. But, In result, Russia succeeded in expanding her territory to the southern part, the current Ukraine with the rationale of the rule. I want to classify the historical significance of the event as two contradictory but relevant point of views: one traditional and the other liberal. From the former the Pereyaslav Rada was considered as the kazak's voluntary council and treaty to get the Russian rule in Ukraine. So Russia had a good reason to be there on the basis of the orthodox religion and the common history of Kievan Rus. Russia and Ukraine regained the unification by the Rada since the Mongol and Poland's rule existed. The kazak's struggle against Poland has the legitimacy in view of national liberation, so it is natural for Russia to support kazaki. From the other point of view, the concept of 'reunification' is severely challenged by the emerging Ukrainian historians. They all have questioned the rationale of the Rada in the meaning of international law. And They emphasized the independent tendency of the kazaki. They regarded the Pereyaslava Rada as the simple and oral declaration of Bohdan Khmel'nytsky. So it was not important. The Pereyaslav Rada was the temporary tactics by the kazaki. The kazaki always pursued for independence under the situation of the struggle between Russia and Poland. In conclusion, Khmel'nytsky's efforts to struggle against Poland can be evaluated as positive from the point of Ukrainian history. But his efforts and the Pereyaslav Rada have simultaneously the negative evaluation because it gave the legitimacy of invasion of Russia over the Ukrainian territory and its long tragic rule.


Work is devoted to an estimation of imunoreactivity, its influence on development of anomalies of contractile activity. The received results have shown that hyperjet conditions met more often.


Cognitive linguistics views language in terms of concepts, either universal or culture specific. Language is both embodied andsituated in a specific environment; in this connection, metaphorical expressions (hereafter MEs) such as idioms, proverbs, and slang arepervasive and interesting to study. Numbers are widely used to form such MEs as 'a cat has nine lives', 'third time is charm' and 'to bescattered to the four winds'. The present study investigates MENs in English and Persian within Al-Hasnawi's three-scheme cognitivemodel (2007). The aims are twofold: (i) to identtify the extent of culture-specify in English and Persian metaphorical expressions ofnumbers (hereafter MENs); (ii) to see how symbolic meaning of numbers is a determining factor in the construction of metaphoricalexpressions. The findings show that, although a small number of ideas in domain of numbers are shared between Persian and English,the majority of them are culture-bound and are thus filtered by symbolism, value and belief system of their host community.


In the present work, short glass fiber (SGF) and short carbon fiber (SCF)‐reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites are fabricated using twin‐screw extrusion and injection molding techniques. The SGF and SCF are reinforced as a single and hybrid reinforcement into the PP matrix with the same weight percentage (wt%) and the obtained composites are characterized for physicomechanical properties. It is observed that the tensile and flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of PP are improved by increasing the weight percent of reinforcement in the composite. The highest value is observed for composite with 30 wt% of SCF reinforcement; hybrid composite with 10 and 20 wt% of the mixture of SGF and SCF proves to outperform the other composites with the same weight percent of SGF and SCF added individually. The notched Izod impact strength of SGF + PP composite at 30 wt% is found to be the highest amongst all. Furthermore, the increased presence of SCF improved the tensile and flexural properties; however, it was not able to improve the impact strength significantly.


Today the problems of social and humanitarian risks of the development of NBIC technologies (N — nanotechnology, B — biotechnology, I — information technology, C — cognitive science) are widely discussed in the philosophical and scientific community. NBIC convergence is the supposed scientific basis of the VI technological structure, consisting in combining and mutually reinforcing the achievements of nano-, bio-, infoand cognitive technologies in order to solve the problems facing humanity. The article discusses the risks associated with these technologies. They are closely related to such problems as interdisciplinary examination and selection of optimal projects for the development of the techno-anthroposphere at the initial stage of the sixth technological structure, as well as the foresight methodology, the risks of making decisions in conditions of instability and working with BigData. In the context of bioethics, ethical evaluation of biomedicine is being studied. A broader sociotechnological examination and the development of ethical and value systems for forming the future are also needed. On this basis, global bioethics and humanitarian evaluation have been developed. The authors reveal the main aspects of humanitarian evaluation, its capabilities in determining risks and managing them.


Repeated weekly infections with S aureus, of bovine mammary origin, for three times evoked an immediate and a delayed type hypersensitivity in rabbits. The skin responses at 6 hr were characterized by oedema, haemorrhages and infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. While at 24 hr it was dominated by mononuclear cells specially lymphocytes in the dermis.


36 hernia carriers with postoperative ventral hernias were examined. To assess the physical activity of hernia carriers, a motor activity questionnaire ODA23 + was used. Assessment of the "severity" of pain was carried out using the most simple, convenient and widely used in everyday practice visual analogue pain scale. The sizes of hernial protrusion were classified according to the recommendations of the European Hernia Society (EHS). According to the data obtained, the severity of pain is greater with hernias of medium size and less with small and large hernias, while motor activity is greater, the smaller the size of the hernial defect.


Objective
To analyze the altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fraction ALFF (fALFF) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI).

Methods
Twenty-seven un-medicated patients with OCD and 29 healthy age-, gender-and education level-matched volunteers, collected in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2014, underwent RS-fMRI. An approach of ALFF and fALFF was used to compare resting-state activity between the two groups. Subsequently, correlation analysis was performed between ALFF and fALFF values in significantly altered brain regions and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores of the OCD patients.

Results
As compared with healthy volunteers, the OCD patients had significantly reduced ALFF values in the right precuneus, and significantly reduced fALFF values in the right precuneus and the left middle temporal gyrus (P<0.05). The ALFF values and fALFF values in the right precuneus and the fALFF values in left middle temporal gyrus had no significant correlation with Y-BOCS scores of the OCD patients (r=-0.130, P=0.518; r=-0.270, P=0.173; r=-0.041, P=0.839).

Conclusion
ALFF and fALFF changes in the right precuneus and fALFF changes in the left middle temporal gyrus are associated with pathophysiology mechanism of OCD, and these values is not correlate with symptom severity of OCD.

Key words:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging; Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation; Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation


In this paper, a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based robust combined control method, which is combined model predictive control (MPC) with the feedback linearization (FL), is presented for constrained nonlinear systems with parameter uncertainty. This scheme is designed in the following 3 steps: Polytopic description of nonlinear system with a parameter uncertainty via FL, Mapping of actual input constraint by FL, Optimization of the constrained MPC problem based on LMI. To verify the performance and usefulness of the control method proposed in this paper, some simulations with application to a flexible single link manipulator are performed.


The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of visible LED dimming duty-cycle modulation techniques in a photocatalytic system for urea degradation using a visible light photocatalyst immobilized on macroscopic supports. For this reason, the effect of different LED dimming techniques was investigated and compared in terms of urea degradation together with ammonia and nitrate production during the irradiation time. The experimental results evidenced that using a visible LED dimming modulation with variable-peak variable-duty pulse-width modulation (PWM) allows to improve the photocatalytic degradation process, with respect to classical LED dimming with fixed-peak fixed-duty PWM, and influences the product's distribution of ammonia and nitrate in water. Therefore, the proof of concept herein proposed could be considered as preliminary potential results to be used in water recycling applications with a particular emphasis in recovery of urea photodegradation byproducts, such as ammonia, from wastewater that could be used as potential resources and an energy resource.


From pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation,review of special treatment such as chronic obstructive airway disease in traditional Chinese medicine treatment progress.Pointed out:the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine treatment in remission,can regulate the immune and endocrine function,can improve microcirculation,but also to improve nutritional status.


Thermal and assembling deformation seriously affects journal bearing accuracy. With the aid of heat transfer theory and elastodynamics, the paper makes a thorough analysis of the deformation in journal bearing and provides a theoretical basis for designing tolerance and ensuring working accuracy.


Objective. Breastfeeding depends on endocrine changes during pregnancy. The association between gestational hormones and lactation has been sparsely investigated. Previously, androgens were used for lactation inhibition. We investigated a possible association between second trimester maternal androgen levels and breastfeeding. Design. Prospective observational study.


After study at theEastman School ofMusic, where she was a fellowship student of Luigi Silva,DorothyFidlar began her musicalcareer in Connecticut as principal cellist of the New Haven Symphony Orchestra. The following year, she joined The Hartford Symphony Orchestra as assistant principal cellist and two years later attained the principal position, which she held for 16 years. Concurrently, Fidlar played principal in the Connecticut Opera productions. She joined the Hartt School of Music, University of Hartford, in 1947 and subsequently became assistantprofessor ofcello andchamber music. She retired fromhercollegiate duties in 1987,but retained herstudioat Hartt, teaching a large class of students from beginners to professionals. DorothyFidlar is a Ufe Member of ASTA and is past state president of CONN-ASTA. She still performs regularly with the Hartford SymphonyandtheConnecticutOpera Association. She is alsocellistwith"All in the String Family," a string quartet that gives concerts throughout New England.


Recent works have shown how multiple description coding proves to be an effective solution for multimedia streaming over peer-to-peer (P2P) and content delivery networks (CDNs). However, the presence of losses and congestions throughout the network affects the visual quality of the reconstructed sequence at the end terminal. These inconveniences can be mitigated by specifying different levels of Quality of Service, but an optimal packet classification is hard to obtain since P2P and CDN protocols operate at higher protocol layers (ignoring network conditions of the lowest stages), the network can be quite distributed and little information can be available regarding other network segments involved in the transmission. The peculiarities of the transmission scenario require a distributed and robust packet classification strategy that grants both intra-stream and inter-stream diversities among the loss patterns for the different streams. The classification approach presented here is characterized via a noncooperative game, where the different uploading nodes are players/descriptions competing for the allocation of the available network resources. Each player may switch from a selfish strategy to a more cooperative strategy according to its convenience (opportunistic players). Experimental results show that the proposed solution proves to be quite effective under different network scenarios.


Slotted waveguides are often used when high-power and high-efficiency antennas must be designed and particularly for millimeter waves applications (automotive radar for example). But it is not easy to choose any distance between radiation slots because of the guided wavelength, to obtain a wide beam in E plane and so to cover a wide angular sector in beam scanning antennas. Moreover, the main beam depends of frequency because it is a progressive wave antenna. In this article, the authors propose an original solution based on a slotted serpentine waveguide with slots on the narrow wall of the waveguide allowing to obtain a very wide radiation pattern in E plane, and this antenna is manufactured, thanks a PCB (printed circuit board) process with empty waveguides to enhance the efficiency for the global structure. Simulations and measurements are given to validate the idea and the technological process in W band, and some different prototypes demonstrate that it could be possible to obtain a wide angular sector in a beam scanning antenna configuration.


Summary The morphological nephrotoxic effects of various analgesic drugs and in particular, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), have been studied in rats in six short‐term experiments. Patchy cortical tubular necrosis was seen within a few hours of oral administration of a single dose of 100 mg/kg ASA. The extent of cortical damage varied with the dose but in all cases the effects were transient. Tubular regeneration commenced within 24 hours and by 3 days, even if drug administration was continued, cortical tubular damage was no longer evident. Less clear cut evidence of transient damage to the lower nephron was seen in animals receiving higher doses of ASA whilst papillary necrosis as such was never seen.


Abstract
Explanations for voluntary or intentional childlessness range from macro-level forces, such as feminism and access to contraceptives, to micro-level or individual preferences, such as the prioritisation of leisure time over childrearing. However, some researchers contend that the decision (not) to have children is likely impacted by overlapping factors rather than a dichotomised characterisation of internal or external factors. This debate similarly reflects Pierre Bourdieu's 'third way' theoretical and methodological orientation. Bourdieu argued against a false dichotomy between the influence of structure over an individual and the ability for individuals to make active, free choices. He instead claimed that the social world consists of a complex interplay of both individual and structural factors, which he conceptualised as habitus, capital and fields. This chapter initiates the link between current understandings of childbearing preferences with Bourdieu's concepts of habitus (our taken-for-granted, internalised ideologies or identities), capital (economic, social, cultural and symbolic resources) and fields (the external social structures or institutions in which we interact) and proposes quantitative measures of childbearing habitus and capital.

This chapter consists of an exploratory comparison of characteristics of non-parents in relation to childbearing preferences, suggesting measures to identify deeply rooted childbearing habitus and the relationship between access to various forms of capital and the habitus. This study utilises survey responses from a sample of 972 childless men and women between 25 and 40 years of age, assessing measures of social support, cultural norms and economic resources in relation to participants' preference to have or not to have children in the future. A multivariate nested logistic regression was conducted to explore the odds of identifying as voluntarily childless (VC) (not wanting or probably not wanting, to have children in the future) based on socio-demographic factors, as well as various measures of social, economic, cultural and symbolic capital. Findings indicate several variations in significant factors contributing to a preference to remain childfree. Measures of cultural capital, including gender ideologies and pronatalist ideologies, appeared to be the greatest predictors of childbearing habitus. These findings support research suggesting that VC adults are more egalitarian and less traditional in gender relations as well as pronatalist assumptions.


The paper proposes a new reflection on the socialization of Pre-Historic studies since the early  school years, focusing the relevance of such knowledge as praxis in child education. The contributes of  Prehistory to elementary school students are discussed and a brief analysis of the education system's history  is made, defining pedagogy and didactics as pivotal trends of the formal education system's practices. It  concludes with the enumeration of relevant factors for the study of Prehistory as principle and fundament  for the understanding of our species.


The socio-economic essence of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy has been studied. The features and forms of innovative infrastructure of the national economy are analyzed. Modern interpretations and components of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy are considered. The relevance of this article lies in highlighting the features of the formation of the modern innovative infrastructure of the national economy, which is extremely important in the conditions of military aggression. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the socio-economic essence of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy. The research methodology is represented by the methods of theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, abstract-logical. The results of the research consist in the synthesis of the historical trajectory of the development of the concept of "innovative infrastructure"; the modern interpretation of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy; highlighting the main scientific approaches to the research of innovative infrastructure; justification of the main functions of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy. It is justified that the main mission of the innovation infrastructure is the role of a catalyst between the inexperienced and low-income (experience, money, organizational knowledge) inventor and the market of goods and services. Tasks regarding the formation and development of innovative infrastructure are proposed: the development of the scientific, technical and innovative potential of the regions and the country as a whole; achieving an increase in production volumes through structural restructuring of the economy and replacement of traditional products with innovative knowledge-intensive products that are in demand; increasing the level of competitiveness of domestic products at the expense of science-intensive innovative achievements. The practical significance of the study is that taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy will allow speeding up the European integration processes and increasing the level of security for the infrastructure facilities of the national economy.


AIDS Alibis: Sex, Drugs, and Crime In the Americas. Stephanie Kane. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998. 222 pp., figures, notes, bibliography, Index.


Whole‐body heat stress increases cardiac output in younger and older individuals (i.e. ≥60 years), though the magnitude of that increase is attenuated in the older group. Recently, it has been identified that attenuated increases in cardiac output in older individuals during heat stress is primarily due to diminished heart rate responses. However, the mechanisms by which the increases in heart rate are attenuated in heat‐stressed older individuals remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that attenuated β1‐adrenergic responsiveness contributes to the lower increase in heart rate observed in older adults during heat stress. In ten healthy young (five females: age 23 ± 2 and five males: age 26 ± 3) and four older participants (two females: age 63 ± 2 and two males: age 70 ± 2) heart rate was measured prior to and during intravenous infusion, of a low (5 μg/kg/min) and a moderate (15 μg/kg/min) dose of dobutamine (a β1‐adrenergic receptor agonist) under normothermia (NT) and hyperthermia (HT; increase in internal temperature of 1.2 ± 0.1°C). The heart rate response to heat stress alone tended to be attenuated in older individuals (+24 ± 3 older: +33 ± 2 beats/min young, P = 0.06). The low dose of dobutamine during HT further increased HR in the older (Δ 23 ± 7 bpm) and young participants (Δ 12 ± 5 bpm) to a similar extent (older vs. young; P=0.15). Likewise, the infusion of the high dose of dobutamine during HT similarly increased HR in both groups (Δ 45 ± 8 vs. young: Δ 42 ± 5 beats/min, P = 0.80). Based upon these preliminary data, healthy aging does not reduce β1‐adrenergic responsiveness under normothermic and heat stress conditions. This finding suggests that attenuated increases in heart rate during heat stress in older individuals are likely neurally mediated.


Gender mainstreaming is a policy-driven process of integrating gender concerns into development structures and practices. Particular ways of thinking ('myths') underpin gender mainstreaming and this will be demonstrated in community fi sheries in Cambodia's Tonle Sap region. Involving women may inadvertently overlook women's disproportionate share of caring responsibilities and the traditional male terrain of fi management. In short, these myths in gender mainstreaming may mainstream women into community fi sheries to advance goals of fiprotection, but may fail to redress gender inequality and social inequities in the fi rst place, thus resulting in more counterproductive effects than positive ones.


Molecular beam epitaxial growth of the widegap Zn1-xMgxO alloys on Si (111) substrates is reported. A series of single-phase wurtzite Zn1-xMgxO alloys with Mg-content up to x = 0.43 are successfully obtained. It is revealed by x-ray diffraction measurement that further increase from the Mg-content promotes inclusion of rocksalt Zn1-xMgxO alloys. Room-temperature cathodoluminescece spectra from these Zn1-xMgxO alloys show a blueshift of peak energy with increasing Mg-content.


This study entitled "Analysis the Effect of Polysemy on the Speech Learning from Covid-19 by Nadiem Makarim to Elementary School Student". The objectives of this study were (1) to identify the types of polysemy, (2) to investigate polysemy elements used in the speech, and (3) to identify the effect of polysemy were used on the speech to elementary students. The descriptive qualitative is applied in this study. The data were obtained from the speech by Nadiem makarim using documentation method. Afterward, analysis of this study use data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing and verification. The findings of the research show that there are 65 data of polysemy's words which find in Learning from Covid-19 speech. Based on the types of polysemy, most of Irregular Polysemy were 38 words (58.5%) and followed by Regular Polysemy with 27 words (41.5%). The effect of polysemy on the speech to the elementary student has not been widely applied to elementary school students. Inasmuch as, the student has limited complex reasoning to a word that has another meaning and is critical. In a sentence, polysemy plays an important role and has the function to distinguish the meaning of a word meaning.


Gibberellic acid (GA3) has little effect on fruit set in seeded commercial varieties of apple unless pollination is prevented. To determine whether seedless apples might respond to GA, blossoms of several apetalous clones were treated with gibberellins. In addition, seeded and seedless fruits were sprayed several weeks after bloom with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), a fruit-thinning agent, to ascertain the role of seeds in auxin-induced fruit abscission.
GA3 was effective in increasing fruit set in 2 of the 6 clones tested, but had no effect on the remaining 4, only one of which crops heavily under orchard conditions. GA7 and GA4+7 were more active than GA3 in inducing fruit set in the 2 responsive clones. NAA thinned both seeded and seedless fruits of one clone. Fruit growth was inhibited in seedless fruits of 2 other clones, but abscission was not promoted. These results support the view that NAA-induced fruit abscission is not a result of seed abortion.


A high precise motion controller for performing vibration isolation using MR damper and a motion control system using the same are provided to ensure safety against transverse load and eccentric load, maintain linearity in the wide range in terms of the load-deformation relationship and quickly stabilize abnormal transient motion. A motion controller comprises an outer tub(100), an air tank(200), a damper(300), an air mount(400) and a support plate(500). The outer box comprises a top plate(110), a bottom plate(120) and a lateral cylinder(130) and has the air mount and the air tank therein. The air tank is attached to the bottom plate and has an air injection port(203) at the lateral side thereof. The damper comprises a body filled with magnetic fluid, a lower piston, an upper piston and a plug. The air mount comprises a rubber cover, an upper plate, a lower plate and a support plate fixed to the upper plate. The support plate comprises a support rod(520) inserted into a support rod of the air mount, and a plate(510) fixed to the upper portion of the support rod.


The photometric variability of 24 α Cyg variables, i.e. variable super–and hypergiants, observed by the Hipparcos satellite is described. Three of the selected stars are situated in the SMC, 12 in the LMC and the remaining 9 in the Galactic plane. Four of them are hot S Dor– type variables, or LBVs (luminous blue variables) and two are possible members of this class. Light curves are presented for all stars. For five stars, among which one LBV, the variability was discovered from the Hipparcos photometric data. Results of period searches are presented and, when relevant, folded light curves are shown. The linear ephemeris of two variables was revised. For most of the program stars the Hipparcos magnitude scale (Hp) differs from the V of the UBV system by <∼ 0. 1. For all variables temperatures and Mbol are given. Galactic foreground reddening for the objects in the Magellanic Clouds are given based on IRAS maps.


W-Cu composite and 1Cr18Ni9 steel were brazed with Ni-based amorphous filler metal in a vacuum furnace. Four-point bending strength, fracture morphology, microstructure and elements distribution were studied by a series of standard methods. Then the influence of brazing clearance on microstructure and properties of the brazed joint were analyzed and discussed. Results indicated that, within the scope of the selected parameters, bending strength of the brazed joint increased significantly as reducing the brazing clearance. While the brazing clearance controlled to be 20 μm, the four-point bending strength performed the largest value, up to 333 MPa. The joint fracture showed a typical ductile fracture characteristics. Microstructure of the brazing seam was mainly composed of γ-Ni solid solution, W-Ni solid solution, CrB, and a part of eutectic phases of Ni3Si and Ni3B. The microstructure of brazed joint with brazing clearance 20 μm was more uniform and more stable. Microstructure and element of brazed joint almost transformed into single-phase solid solution. Meanwhile, micro holes disappeared and a number of brittle phases reduced, which provided well plastic reserves for the brazed joint. K e y w o r d s: W-Cu composite, brazing clearance, microstructure, fracture, bending strength


Abstract. The Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scales (K-DOCS) assess individual differences in creativity across five domains (Everyday, Scholarly, Performance, Science, and Artistic). We provide data on the psychometric properties and the structural and nomological validity of the German adaptation of the K-DOCS from three samples ( Ntotal = 1,379). Our findings supported the 5-factorial structure of the German K-DOCS in line with the original version and prior language adaptations. Our findings showed overall satisfying psychometric properties (reliability: .78 ≤ ωs ≤ .87) and scalar measurement invariance for gender. Correlations with external measures of broad and narrow traits supported the convergent validity (self-reports of creativity and a situational judgment test of creative thinking) and the nomological validity (e.g., Big Five personality traits, cognitive styles, and adult playfulness). Overall, the findings support the notion that the German-language adaptation of the K-DOCS can be used to study individual differences across five domains of creativity.


To investigate the extent of seawater intrusion in the Liao Dong Bay coastal plain, China, a numerical model for variable-density groundwater flow and miscible salt transport was developed. The SEAWAT code was used to solve the density-dependent groundwater flow and solute transport governing equations. The simulation was conducted for 55 months from October, 2004 to April, 2009. The numerical model was calibrated by the hydraulic heads measured in April, 2009. Using the calibrated model and the same hydrogeological conditions in 2004, the extent of seawater intrusion prediction was conducted for the next 40 years. The results show that the extent of seawater intrusion area will increase in all geologic layers with nearly 6.2 km in the upper Quaternary aquifer and 4.3 km in lower Quaternary aquifer for 40 years. In the Minhuazhen group aquifer, the maximum speed of seawater intrusion is 62.2 m/yr. Therefore, some protection of the freshwater aquifer from seawater intrusion in the Liao Dong Bay coastal plain is imperative.


Leafcutter ants operate two-stage plant biomass degradation systems, with the early phase dominated by gram-negative bacteria and the later phase enriched with gram-positives and obligate anaerobes, according to Cameron Currie from the University of Wisconsin (UW) in Madison. He likens ant composting to the human variety, and describes both as "processes whereby a complex community of microorganisms degrades organic material under controlled conditions." However, ants appear especially adept at degrading tough plant materials, including lignin, which proves a major obstacle for researchers and companies trying to produce biofuels more efficiently.


© 2019 by the board of trustees of the university of ill inois During a dissertation group meeting, my advisor told us frankly, "This institution, the academy, is not meant to support life." Scholars such as Roderick Ferguson, Lauren Berlant, Marc Bousquet, Stefano Harney and Fred Moten, and Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira have echoed this sentiment in recent years. From the exploitation that drives the adjunct system, to the various forms of debt carried by students and faculty as a result of living and working within the university, to the stress-based illnesses that disproportionately affect minoritized subjects in the academy, the "life of the mind" often vampirizes, rather than vivifies, the spiritual, emotional, and material well-being of its subjects.1 Yet my advisor told us this not to dissuade us from academia, nor even necessarily to bolster us for the work that lay ahead, but rather to give us room to maneuver. She encouraged us to ask: in light of these non–life-sustaining conditions, what would it take, and what would it look like, for minoritized subjects like women and queers of color to flourish in the academy? This question was in constant play during my time as a student in the PhD program in English at the City University of New York Graduate Center (CUNY) from 2009 to 2016. In this article, I write to reflect on my experiences as an Asian/ American female graduate student and co-organizer of the Mentoring Future Faculty of Color (MFFC) project, a social and intellectual formation that emerged out of discussions between women and queer of color students, faculty, and their allies. Broadly put, the project was a community of graduate students and faculty committed to diversifying the professoriate through mentorship while remaining attentive to mentoring's limitations. MFFC created a scholarly community by launching a structured lunch and lecture series alongside a number of events, meetings, and workshops. These spaces offered students of color platforms to share, circulate, and strengthen their work and their ability to articulate its importance. For scholars whose work is informed by interdisciplinary fields like black studies, ethnic studies, queer studies, and decolonial thought, part of intellectual life is the constant struggle for legitimacy and institutional access. Minoritized graduate students understand all too well that On Mentoring Future Faculty of Color


Two-dimensional Discrete Fourier Transfonn is the fundamental operation in many signal processing applications for which several hardware solutions have been provided in the literature. However they are systolic array based architectures. In this paper an attempt is made to develop a wavefront array based architecture for implementing the 2D-DFT. The algorithm is implemented as an NxNxN matrix multiplication in two phases. In phase 1, the processors are data driven and each processor is independent of its operation. In phase2, a set of four processing elements(stages) fonn a rnicropipeline and four such micropipelines operate in parallel. The stages operate by exchanging data via a twophase handshaking protocol. The proposed scheme has been verified analytically.


Jurisdiction — In general — Personal — Over nationals abroad — Jurisdiction to require national abroad to return to give evidence in court proceedings — Power to punish for contempt of court in the event of failure to return — Jurisdiction to serve subpoena in foreign country — The law of the United States


An electrical connector with improved crosstalk compensation is disclosed. By providing at least one coupling with a different frequency dependence and other coupling in the connector crosstalk compensation performance is improved over a greater frequency range. Different frequency dependence, for example, can be used to compensate for phase shifts caused by the distance between the compensation circuit and the plug / jack interface. Examples for reducing these distances are also disclosed. .FIELD 1


Objective To understand the relationship of blood lipids with blood uric acid and blood viscosity among community healthy volunteers in YanJi.Methods 540 community healthy volunteers were selected to take examination of plasma lipids,uric acid and hemorheological indicators in 2007,and the correlation between the results were analyzed.Results With the increase of TC and LDL,whole blood viscosity,reduced viscosity and UA increased.Meanwhile,with the increase of TG,whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,reduced viscosity and UA increased,but with the increase of HDL,all those four items decreased.TG,TC and LDL were positively related with whole blood viscosity,UA and reduced viscosity,and were not related with plasma viscosity.HDL and plasma viscosity,whole blood viscosity,whole blood high and middle shear reduced viscosity were negatively correlated with UA,and were not related with low shear reduced viscosity reduction.Conduction Blood lipid level is correlated with blood viscosity and uric level.


In August 2014, the Board of Immigration Appeals ("BIA") issued its first published decision recognizing domestic violence as a basis for asylum. In Matter of A-R-C-G-, the BIA held that a woman who had suffered horrific abuse at the hands of her husband in her native Guatemala qualified for asylum as a member of a particular social group. The landmark decision came after years of uncertainty regarding the viability of domestic violence asylum claims and fourteen years after the BIA had rejected domestic violence as a basis for asylum in Matter of R-A-. Parts I and II of this Comment provide an overview of asylum law and the development of domestic violence asylum prior to A-R-C-G-. Part III discusses the BIA's holding in A-R-C-Gand Part IV argues that, despite the BIA's promising holding in A-R-C-G-, amendments to the asylum regulations are still needed to guarantee the adequate adjudication of domestic violence asylum claims.


We present new results on the circumstellar nebulosity around SU Aurigae, a T Tauri star of about 2 M⊙ and 5 Myr old at 152 pc in the J, H, and K bands using high-resolution adaptive optics imaging (0.″30) with the Penn State Near-IR Imager and Spectrograph at the 100 inch (2.5 m) Mount Wilson telescope. A comparison with Hubble Space Telescope STIS optical (0.2–1.1 μm) images shows that the orientation of the circumstellar nebulosity in the near-IR extends from position angle 210° to 270° in the H and K bands and up to 300° in the J band. We call the circumstellar nebulosity seen between 210° and 270° an "IR nebulosity." We find that the IR nebulosity (which extends up to 3.″5 in the J band and 2.″5 in the K band) is due to scattered light from the central star. The IR nebulosity is either a cavity formed by the stellar outflows or part of the circumstellar disk. We present a schematic three-dimensional geometric model of the disk and jet of SU Aur based on STIS and our near-IR observations. According to this model, the IR nebulosity is part of the circumstellar disk seen at high inclination angles. The extension of the IR nebulosity is consistent with estimates of the disk diameter of 50–400 AU in radius, from earlier millimeter K-band interferometric observations and SED fittings.


The combination of adaptive modulation (AM) at physical layer and truncated automatic repeat request at data link layer in V-BLAST system is considered in this paper. We deduce the spectral efficiency and the outage probability from our proposed design over frequency-flat Rayleigh channels in presence of transmit correlation. Numerical results reveal that the joint design of AM and truncated ARQ in V-BLAST system can achieve considerable spectral efficiency gain and outage probability reduction.


A final goal for thimble regularization of lattice field theories is the application to lattice QCD and the study of its phase diagram. Gauge theories pose a number of conceptual and algorithmic problems, some of which can be addressed even in the framework of toy models. We report on our progresses in this field, starting in particular from first successes in the study of one link models.


In its resolve for a sustainable future, the UN has adopted 17 ambitious goals known as the sustainable development goals (SDGs) which aim to wipe out poverty, fight inequality and tackle climate change over the next 15 years. The key challenge is how to concentrate efforts to effectively implement and achieve the SDGs by 2030. This paper aims to assess the importance of different SDGs from the perspective of India. It also aims to develop a hierarchical model for the adoption of the SDGs by India, for which the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach is used. ISM is a methodology for identifying and establishing relationships among the identified variables. The study variables comprise the 17 SDGs which are found to have a direct relatedness to common sustainability targets like poverty eradication, hunger elimination, reduced inequality, etc. These variables have also been mapped on driving power-dependence diagram and categorised accordingly.


One time-honored way of studying the properties of a vector measure F with values in a Banach space X, with dual X* is to examine properties of the family of scalar measures {<&*, F>: x* e X*, || x* || ^ 1}. The purpose of this paper is to undertake a similar study for vector-valued functions. The first theorem proved in this vein was the classical Pettis measurability theorem which states that if X is a separable Banach space and / is an X-valued function such that <a?*, /> is measurable for each x* in X*, then / is a measurable function. What we propose to do is to take a bounded function / with values in X, form the associated family ^ = {<#*, />: x*eX*, ||a?*|| ^ 1} and study how measurability and integrability properties of / are reflected by topological properties of ^ in the spaces Loo and B(Σ).


A microscopic thin-film field-emission cathode (TFFEC) was investigated. These devices consist of a 5000-cone emitter array and are characterised by high electron emission current of more than 20 mA, small RMS current deviations of less than 1%, and lifetimes in excess of 60000 h. The FWHM energy spread predicted by the Fowler-Nordheim theory for a single emitter is 0.25 eV. The axial energy spread was measured using the retarding potential analyser technique. The FWHM energy was obtained as a function of beam current and energy and found to be between 0.9+or-0.2 eV for a 2.2 nA beam and 1.9+or-0.1 eV for a 560 nA beam and beam energy of 150 eV. These unexpectedly high values of the source energy spread indicate that the 5000-cone TFFEC source is unsuitable for use in merged-beam experiments.


This dissertation establishes the foundations for treating non-rigid structure from motion as a manifold learning problem. Non-rigid structure from motion (or NRSFM) is the computer vision technique that recovers the 3D structure of a deformable object from a monocular video sequence. State of the art techniques assume that the object is generated from a linear combination of basis shapes and several techniques (like EM or matrix decomposition) are then used to exploit this assumption.
So far, nobody has ever considered this setup as a linear manifold learning problem. In this dissertation, we show how NRSFM can be formulated as a manifold embedding recovery problem. First, the different frames of the video sequence are embedded in a low dimensional manifold, from which the shape coordinates are discovered and then used to recover the camera parameters and the shape basis.
We also push the limits of this model by relaxing the linearity assumption of the manifold and only constraining its dimensionality. This looser assumption is proven to be much more valid than the simple linearity one for certain objects where only the number of degrees of freedom is known. To solve this problem, a new manifold learning technique, named LSML, is introduced. LSML focuses on learning tangents rather than points themselves as done in conventional manifold learning.
Both methods are validated and compared with state of the art techniques on real and synthetic data.


Poverty and inequality have become increasingly pressing issues, and politicians have scrambled to propose solutions to the consistent upward march in poverty rates across OECD economies since the mid- 1990s. Many of these proposals involve deepening government intervention in the economy through increased spending and more regulation. But increased government action is likely to make the problem worse.


When Escherichia coli, K-10, was anaerobically grown on lactate in the presence of nitrate, the products formed were acetate (recovery in C atoms, 25%), formate (17%) and small amounts of pyruvate and ethanol. Nitrate was quantitatively reduced to nitrite. 14CO2 was formed from [2- 14C] lactate, whereas 14CO2 formation from [2-14C] glucose was almost nil. Citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, and malate dehydrogenase were twice as active in extracts from cells grown on lactate and nitrate compared with extracts from cells grown aerobically on glucose and 4-12 times as acitve with extracts from cells grown on glucose and nitrate. Activities of aconitate hydratase, succinate dehydrogenase, and fumarate hydratase were present in cells grown on lactate and nitrate. These enzymes showed maxima during the exponential phase of growth and activities of aconitate hydratase as well as succinate dehydrogenase fell to almost zero during the stationary phase. Essentially no activities of these three enzymes were found in cells grown on glucose and nitrate. Oxidation of lactate to carbon dioxide during nitrate respiration seems to be due to the operation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in lactate-grown cells. Glucose- grown cells seem to lack this cycle.


The examined skeletal series was recovered from various Moravian Neolithic settlements. The sample is comprised of 55 (52.9%) subadults (0-19-year-old), 14 (13.5%) adult males, 25 (24.1 %) adult females, and of 10 (9.6%) adults of undetermined sex. From the archaeological point of view, there are three periods of Neolithic cultures based on different ornaments on ceramics, thus the sample of 104 examined individuals with present dentitions was divided subsequently according to this criterion as well: 73 individuals belonged to the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK 5700-4900 BC), 10 to the Stroked Pottery Culture (STK 4900-4700 BC), and 21 to the Lengyel culture, well known in Moravia as Moravian Painted Pottery Culture (LgK 4700-4000 BC). In this study all these individuals were scored for dental caries, dental wear, and the prevalence of dental enamel hypoplasia (DEH). Dental caries and dental wear were scored in order to find out basic characteristics of consumed food, and DEH was scored in order to find out the extent of non-specific stressors (i.e. indicators of metabolic and nutritional disruptions) within the Neolithic period. In the examined Neolithic sample there was only one case of dental caries detected in subadult (0-19 yrs) individuals. In comparison to the later Neolithic periods, the highest values of caries intensity (13.3) and frequency (42.9) were found in the LBK. In this oldest period of Moravian Neolithic the highest values of dental wear were found out as well. It is highly probable that the composition offood in individuals during the Linear Pottery Culture period was slightly richer in carbohydrates and contained a higher number of abrasive particles in comparison to the later Neolithic periods (i.e. STK and LgK). Manipulative incisor wear was found in 14 of 104 analysed specimens, predominantly in females of LBK. This wear occurs probably in relationship with activities involving the processing of fibrous materials, most likely sinews. Dental enamel hypoplasia was present in low frequency (14.5%). Among the three periods, the highest frequency of enamel hypoplastic lesions was found out within individuals of the Lengyel culture (18.8%), whereas individuals of the LBKdisplayed lower values (13.5%), and individuals of the STKperiod even the lowest rate (12.5%) ofDEH. Individuals from various settlements showed a similar ability to cope with later insults of non-specific stressors during the Neolithic period, i.e. 5700-4000 BC.


Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have attracted significant attention owing to their widespread applications in water treatment and seawater desalination. However, challenges still remain in improving...


In order to explain the reason of the total reflection tunnel in 1D large number of cycles phononic crystal,transmittance formula and frequency formula of the total reflection tunnel are derived by interference theory,and the total reflection tunnel causes is explained.The total reflection tunnel causes are studied by the interference theory and resonance theory,and their conclusion is the same.


Seasonal semi-greenhouse type solar-drying of 2.5cm-and 5.0cm-thick lumber of Quercus aliena Blume and Quercus variailis Blume was carried out to investigate the possibility of solar-drying of wood and to decide the active solar-drying period in Korea. In the active solar-drying period obtained solar-dehumidification, semi-greenhouse type solar-, air- and kiln-drying of 2.5cm -thick lumber of oaks were carried out to analyze drying-rates. -defects, and -yield in each drying-method and to calculate daily total absorbed solar-radiation the solar dryers. The energy balance equations were set up, considering all the energy requirements, to analyze the heat efficiencies of semi-greenhouse type solar and solar-dehumidification-dryer. In a seasonal drying the drying rate of semi-greenhouse type solar-dryer was highest in summer, and greater in fall, spring, and winter in order. Solar-drying time was 45% in summer to 50% in winter of the air-drying rime, and more serious drying-defects occurred in air-drying than in solar-drying. In the active solar-drying period. April, May, and June, the average drying rate in solar-dehumidification-drying was 1.0%/day and greater than 0.8%/day in semi-greenhouse type solar-drying. In solar-dehumidification-drying the time required to dry lumber to 10% moisture content was less than 60 days, and solar-dehumidification-drying showed the highest drying-yield, 65.01%, than the other drying methods. The daily total absorbed solar radiations were 8.51MJ on the roof collector and 6.22 MJ on the south wall collector. In the energy blance 69.48% of total energy input was lost by heat conduction through walls, roof. and floor 11.68% by heat leakage, 0.33% by heating the internal structures of the solar-dryer and 5.38% by air-venting. Therefore the heat efficiency of semi-greenhouse type solar-dryer 13.13%, was lower than that of solar-dehumidification-dryer, 14.04%. Solar-drying of lumber in Korea showed the possibility to reduce the air-drying-time in every season and the efficiency of solar-dehumidification drying was higher than that of semi-greenhouse type solar-drying.


The form of honest Party conduct in 1950s was the result of multi - action of many social and historic conditions, it mainly included: the Party still kept the thought of war time; the instruction and examples of Mao Zedong and other founders of the country; the influence of planning economy system; the limitation of a serious politic movements. It will make us draw useful inspiration from the history to deeply investigate these questions, among which the most important one is subjective consciousness and objective limitation, the ideological and moral education and the establishment of democratic legality complement each other with later as the foundation. These historic experiences still have useful meaning for the present Party conduct and honest establishment.


The Penomenon of competitiveness and efficiency has always been and infortant topic to be discussed, particularly in relation to the development of the industrial sector. one small industries which interesting to studied is rattan furniture in the city of Palembang the recearh study adopts the cobb Douglas Production function to see alokatif Effeciency and the level of rattan furniture industry data used consisted,of the secondary and primary data the Variables measured were output furniture, rattan inputs labort and production equipment sample are 25 respondents spread in District Ilir Timur II and III Ilir as rattan furniture industry center Sampling method with stratified and simple random sampling. Based on calculations by multiple regresiobn analysis that the input variables rattan , labor and production eguipment were significant influence on the rattan furniture industry output at the level of 5% However the use of Production factors were not yet optimal, so that allocative efficiency has not been reached. As for the analisis of retun approach profts through cost ratio (RC ratio) indicates that the rattan furniture industry is profitable and feasible to be developed.


Augmented reality has been getting attention in recent years because of the improvement of the technology development. More and more people are interested in designing AR products. Conducting usability tests is one of the key points that develop a successful product. However, making low-fidelity prototype for AR usability test is a big challenge because most low-fidelity prototyping tools nowadays are for 2D digital products such as websites, or apps. In the current study, we explored two low-fidelity prototyping methods (physical and digital prototypes) which are commonly applied to current 2D digital products in the industry and transferred them to AR. Similar usability problems were found from these two low-fidelity prototypes, which can be seen as using low-fidelity for AR usability test is a possible solution for finding usability problems at the beginning of the AR development. We would suggest that further improved methods for AR low-fidelity prototype such as finding proper materials or combining physical and digital prototyping methods need to be studied in the future as well.


This paper was removed by arXiv admin because it plagiarizes "Kozono, Hideo; Shimada, Yukihiro Bilinear estimates in homogeneous Triebel-Lizorkin spaces and the Navier-Stokes equations. Math. Nachr. 276 (2004), 63--74."


The seepage control is a big problem in dam seepage treatment for hydropower stations.This paper introduces the present situation and the treatment process of dam seepage in Liujiaxia hydropower station.Grouting dam cracks and processing asphalt wells after electrify heating,the seepage of the dam is found much less.The method has obvious effect on water stop,and the technology is reliable with simple construction,which can provide a mature construction method for the dam reinforcement.


System for drug delivery devices, the reservoir (20) a reservoir holder (380) configured to hold a, and reservoir alignment interface including a body (352) configured to couple to (20) (350) comprising a. The first alignment features (372) are provided on the body (352). The first alignment features (372) when the reservoir (20) is inserted into the holder (380), the first alignment function (372) is to rotate the alignment interface (350), the holder (380 corresponding cooperating with alignment function provided by), and thereby, the holder (380) in to align alignment interface (350) in the corresponding alignment function and cooperation provided by the reservoir holder (380) to do. Thus, the reservoir (20) may be aligned with the reservoir holder (380) within. The first alignment features (372) may include at least one protrusion provided on the main body (352) of the interface (50). The system further includes one or more of the coding function (374, 376). .The 11


Previous work developed an analytical solution for a second-order reaction in a semibatch reactor that is applicable over small changes in reactor volume. This article develops a solution for the same system that applies when volume changes are large.


The study on the self-access learning strategies of 251 college non-English majors in the web-based and multimedia environment reveals that the strategy training has produced a positive effect on the experimental classes.T test shows that,after the training,their frequencies in using the 30 strategies are on the whole higher than those of the control classes,out of which nine are significant;both quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal that the strategy awareness of the experimental classes has been greatly raised and English learning efficiency significantly built up;multiple regression analysis indicates that metacognitive strategies about how to utilize their time efficiently and affective strategies about self-encouragement are the significant predictors of learners' language achievements.


X-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS) allows us to extract magnetic depth profiles in magnetic multilayers and magnetization distribution in magnetic nanostructures in element-specific manner using x-ray reflectivity and diffraction. XRMS is explained with a brief introduction and examples of magnetic structures and magnetic switching mechanism in magnetic multilayers and nanostructures.


The spatial relationship between high-tech industrial agglomeration and urban ecological efficiency has been a widespread concern. This study empirically analyzed the bidirectional influence relationship between high-tech industrial agglomeration and urban ecological efficiency and its spatial spillover effect by constructing a spatial simultaneous equation model, and based on the classification of urban resource endowment, this paper studies the heterogeneity of spatial spillover effects between high-tech industrial agglomeration and urban ecological efficiency based on the sample data of 285 cities in China from 2004 to 2017. The empirical results reveal the following: first, there is a two-way promoting effect between high-tech industrial agglomeration and urban ecological efficiency; second, there is a significant spatial spillover effect of urban ecological efficiency, that is, the urban ecological efficiency in this region is significantly positively correlated with the urban ecological efficiency in neighboring regions; third, there is a significant difference in the regional interaction between high-tech industry agglomeration and urban eco-efficiency, that is, the urban eco-efficiency in the neighboring areas has a significant negative impact on the regional high-tech industry agglomeration, while the high-tech industry agglomeration in the neighboring areas has a negative but not significant impact on the regional urban eco-efficiency; fourth, the spatial interaction spillover effects between high-tech industrial agglomeration and urban ecological efficiency are heterogeneous in terms of regional resources, and the results of regional interaction and spatial spillover effects are better in the sample study.


During the process of vacuum preloading,soil is consolidated when pore water pressure in the soil reduces and effective stress increases.According to the principle of effective stress,the mechanism of soft soil consolidation by preloading is studied.A series of new formulas are proposed to calculate incremental effective stress in different depths of the soft ground by vacuum preloading.These formulas can also provide a new way to estimate the effective consolidation depth of the soft ground by vacuum preloading.Based on the investigation of vacuum preloading project of Macao International Airport,relation between incremental effective stress and depth of the soil is presented;and the theoretical analysis is validated by in-situ results.


[ .ed by the lure of large structures (e.g., Gintu, Galoc and Malajon), Ihe reservoir potential of the deepwater turbidite sediments , (both clastic and carbonate), and the. substantial size of the Cities Services'  Galoc field discovery (drilled in 1981), Philodrill acting as lead company for an all Filipino consortium, negotiated and acquire d th operatorship of the 108.000 hectares SC 6 Block A, in 1988. Upon reviewing the data of the newly acquired SC 6A Block, the Philodrill lechnical team outlined twelve leads/prospccls, two of which were small, subdued structures of questionable closure that had bee n previously mapped by Cities iri conjunction with their Galoc field discovery.


Fracture traces, as now mapped in a variety of tandscapes, are parallel or su.b-parallel to joints in areas of flat or l'ery gently folded rocks but are not parallel to the dominant joint sets in folded rocks. They apparently extend downward 10 depths of at least 3,000 feet at Bisbee, A rizona, where are pods, which are fracture-controlled, are parallel to surface fracture traces. A .probable wrench fault in Alaska separates two areas of difFerent fracture-trace orientations, but fracture-trace orientations are identical on both sides of a thrust fault in central Pennsylvania. Extrusive (md intrusive igneous rocks in the same area of A laska show di.tFereut fracture-trace orientation.


Today's CD-SEM metrology is challenged when it comes to measuring complex features found in patterning hotspots (like tip to tip, tip to side, necking and bridging). Metrology analysis tools allow us to extract SEM contours of a feature and convert them into a GDS format from which dimensional data can be extracted. While the CD-SEM is being used to take images, the actual measurement and the choice of what needs to be measured is done offline. Most of the time this method is used for OPC model creation but barely for process variability analysis at nominal process conditions. We showed in a previous paper [1] that it is possible to study lithography to etch transfer behavior of a hotspot using SEM contours. The goal of the current paper is to go extend this methodology to quantify process variability of 2D features using a new tooling to measure contour data.


The paper describes the Vacuum vessel (VV) designed for plasma experiments on the T-15M tokamak. The main parameters, design and features of the VV and in-vessel components are presented. VV is a thin-walled shell made of stainless steel like AISI 321 type. Baking system maintains 220 °C on the vessel surface during operation of the facility. Graphite armor tiles protect inner surfaces of the VV. Divertor graphite plasma facing components are qualified for 400 °C bake-out conditions.


The invention relates to a connection structure of a resistivity measuring instrument. The resistivity measuring instrument comprises a measuring probe and a handheld device; a circuit board is arranged in the handheld device; the measuring probe and the circuit board are connected with each other through a USB so as to form a complete measuring circuit; the measuring probe is provided with a USB connector; the handheld device is provided with a USB interface; the USB connector and the USB interface are respectively provided with 9 pins; the pins of the connector are in one-to-one correspondence connection with the pins of the interface according to serial numbers; and circuit on-off measurement, temperature measurement, resistivity measurement and code download functions can be realized through the 9 pins of the USB interface. With the connection structure of the resistivity measuring instrument provided by the invention adopted, the complex structure of the resistivity measuring instrument is divided into two parts which can communicate with each other, and therefore, the size of the resistivity measuring instrument can be greatly decreased, and the portability of the instrument can be improved; plug-and-play of the USB interface can be realized, and therefore, complicated wiring is not required, and convenience in measurement can be greatly increased; and the USB interface is connected with two grounding ends in the internal circuit board, so that circuit interference can be avoided.


A method for stabilizing an active metal anode cell, cathode active and non-aqueous electrolyte. a soluble additive is introduced into the stack portion in the electrolyte in an amount sufficient to cause self-discharge of substantially the entire surface of the active cathode prior to initial cell discharge, product reaction formed during the spontaneous discharge being substantially non-reactive in the stack. is used in particular for this purpose sulfides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. The stabilizers according to the invention avoid severe heating of the battery, intended to remove the last traces of moisture.


(LINNAEUS, 1764): HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL PROFILE WITH STATISTICAL ALALYSIS ON THE DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF OOCYTE ALONG IMMATURE AND MATURE PHASES Gaber Ahmed Saad and Abdullah Bedeer Hussein 1 Department of Biology, College of Medicine, Dammam University, Saudi Arabia, KSA 2 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt 3 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


As the industry of international fertility tourism has continued to grow around the world India has become a hotbed of controversy around the practice of commercial surrogacy. Some estimates claim that over 5,000 babies are born every year in India via surrogacy. With transnational surrogacy becoming a more widely known reproductive alternative, there are ongoing debates both in academia and the media regarding the extent to which women are empowered while also protected in the current structure of surrogacy. The resulting arrangement between intended parents, healthcare providers, surrogates and other agencies has become incredibly complex and wrought with challenges. As Shome & Hegde (2002a) have pointed out, the current state of globalization creates processes by which economic and cultural power lines shift rapidly. In light of the industry growth, the government and the Indian Council of Medical Research proposed guidelines and legislation aimed to regulate the Assisted Reproductive Technology industry that benefited from specific medical tourism trends. This manuscript discusses the business of surrogacy and explores the implications of the proposed policy amidst a controversial ban of commercial surrogacy for international patients through a critical discourse analysis of the policy, bolstered by direct interviews with health providers and surrogates. The analysis explicates the complexity and paradoxes of the arrangement highlighting the agency of each stakeholder involved. Unsurprisingly, the analysis shows a lack of protection for individual surrogates and a privileging of intended parents interests and needs. However, there are also important opportunities for potential regulation that works towards all needs.


Among various types of riverbank failure, planar failure is the most common type, being associated with steep, relatively low banks composed of cohesive sediments. To analyse the stability of riverbanks against planar failure, many parameters including failure plane angle and the location and depth of tension crack have to be determined. In this research we have introduced a new analytical method to estimate the failure plane angle and also the amount of the bank retreat. Specifically, using field and laboratory data, a set of curves to estimate the tension crack depth is introduced. Using data from field study site, the results of the new method are compared with those obtained using existing models. The results show that the equations introduced in this research to estimate the failure plane angle, give a better agreement with the observations than the other models.


The capability of nuclear electricity generation by French Utility's EDF (Electricite de France) is 75% of global generation, 58 PWR units are in operation, 34 units three-loop, 20 units four-loop (1300MWe) and 4 units four-loop (1450MWe). The French Utility methodology to justified reactor vessel assessment on specific plants is to verify, for a known defect (real or hypothetic), safety margin to non ductile failure for each transient and for case of loading. The demonstration must be done for each instant of the reactor vessel life, and must include material embrittlement caused by irradiation degradation. This paper will describe EDF methodology aging assessment for at least 40 years, comparing: • The boundary RTNDT (Reference Nil Ductility Transition Temperature) support by reactor vessel. • The estimated RTNDT at 40 years. Estimated RTNDT for 40 years is determined with a prediction formula that needs following input parameters: • The initial RTNDT during the construction. • Fluence assessment received by reactor vessel during 40 years in operation. • Chemistry material composition. The Boundary RTNDT supported by reactor vessel is determined with a mechanical analysis that needs the following input parameters: • Defect characteristics. • Transient definition. The determination of each parameter will be described, and an experimental program to verify the conservatism of methodology will be presented (Irradiation Surveillance Programme).© 2002 ASME


(where α1, α2, . . . , αn ∈ R are constants). In other words, any such function f is completely defined by a sequence of n real numbers. Sounds a lot like a vector, doesn't it? In fact, a linear function on a single vector is what we call a covector. Alternatively, we sometimes refer to vectors and covectors as tangents and cotangents, respectively. Superficially, a covector looks a lot like a vector. After all, it can be specified using precisely the same amount of information. What distinguishes a covector from a vector, however, is that it acts on a vector to produce a scalar. For this reason, it's often convenient to think of vectors and covectors as being represented by columns and rows of matrices, respectively. For example, we might represent a covector α as


Aim:  Previous studies evaluating the possibilities of interspousal sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have yielded many conflicting results. The aim of this study was to clarify the source of HCV infection in acute hepatitis C patients using phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide sequences of HCV E1 region.


INTRODUCTION
 Only a few studies have focused on the client's responses to nursing care and those have tended to examine selected aspects of an interaction. Factors that influenced patient behaviour in the hospital were studied by Tagliocozzo (1965). Two other studies by Becker (1978) and Christiansen (1978) have examined client compliance and non-compliance with prescribed care. Factors in hospitalization and illness which increased anxiety levels were the focus of a study by Wilson-Barnett (1978). A search of the literature failed to reveal any studies on the characteristics and processes inherent in a client-nurse interaction. Why do clients seek care? What do they expect when they seek care? What are the outcomes from their point of view? In examining some data collected as part of a larger study of nurses and clients, the answer to some of these questions appeared to be present in interviews that had been conducted with the clients. The availability of the data thus provided the impetus for this study.
PURPOSES OF THE STUDY
 The purposes of the study were (1) to identify the characteristics and processes inherent in client care-seeking behaviour in a community health setting; and (2) to identify the sources of client satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the process of receiving nursing care.


On 15 November 2017, an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.4 caused geotechnical damage over a wide area of Pohang, South Korea. In this study, the UBCSAND constitutive effective stress model is calibrated by cyclic direct simple shear (CDSS) tests conducted on a type of sand from liquefied paddy fields at Pohang under confining stresses of 100 and 200 kPa. The calibrated UBCSAND model is then used to assess the liquefaction and calculate the ground settlement based on standard penetration test (SPT) data near the epicenter of the Pohang earthquake. The liquefaction characteristics from the UBCSAND model matched those from laboratory tests. According to the numerical results, liquefaction mostly occurred within the uppermost 10 m, and ground surface settlement from excess pore water pressure dissipation varied from 3.86 to 10.95 cm. These settlements were higher than the surface displacement estimated by satellite image analysis with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and lower than the ground subsidence observed solely by visiting the sites.


This paper describes the detailed engineering design process in terms of the relative geotechnical interpretation stage, the subsequent multistaged numerical simulation steps by using SOFISTIK software, the critical decision making points and the actual results achieved during the construction of Ag. Savas underground station tunnel for Athens Metro. hydrogeological conditions are favourable for the project, in this specific area, since the inflow water quantities are rather neglectable. Excavation is performed by the use of a hydraulic hammer. Old shafts have been discovered during the excavation of the station, since the area was continuously inhabited during the last 3000 years (considered to be a part of the old ancient Athens). The excavated cross section of the station's tunnel ranges' between 195m (at the minimum excavation) to 215m (at the maximum excavation enlargement). The width of the top heading and bench is 20.2m, the total height of the tunnel is 14.25m (in the maximum enlargement), while the excavated height of the top heading exceeds 8m (Fig. 3). Figure 3. Excavation geometry of the typical cross section (maximum enlargement). In order to implement the first series of forepoles, it was necessary to enlarge the running tunnel's cross section, thus creating the required space for installing the forepole tubes at the station's cross section (Part 6 in Figure 1). The enlargement must be gradually increasing from the running tunnel's cross-section to the station's cross-section, creating a stable and statically acceptable excavation. A transition part of the running tunnel has already been constructed from the running tunnel to the station. The length of the transition part was determined at 20m (Fig. 4). The excavated cross section of the transition part of the running tunnel ranges between 91m (minimum excavation) to 213m (maximum excavation enlargement). The excavation and temporary support system is based on the following: − Top heading round length 1.00m. − Forepoling tubes St37, Φ 193.7/179.5mm, 12m length, placed at average axial distances of 0.60m per 6 round lengths of top heading. − Shotcrete shell of 40 cm minimum structural thickness, C25/30. However, in the junction areas of temporary invert and elephant feet the structural thickness requirement increases for providing a better structural system with smooth geometrical corners and for avoiding stress concentrations. − Steel sets placed at each round length, HEB 180, St37. − Rock bolts of 6m length, S500, 25mm in diameter, installed at a grid 1.00m x (each top heading round length) (cross x axial spacing) at the sidewalls of bench (except from the final and temporary invert) and pairs of rock bolts for steel sets secure. − Reinforcement layers T188 mesh type, (external, intermediate and internal) are installed. − Temporary invert with prefabricated steel reinforcement cages for faster installation and two layers of steel mesh T188 and shotcrete 35 cm thickness, C25/30. − Reinforced final invert (with two steel meshes T188), shotcrete 40 cm minimum thickness C25/30. Figure 4. Top heading construction of the transition section of the running tunnel. Two (2) different support classes have been provisioned. The principal considerations for the design and determination of the main / composite / transitional excavation and temporary support classes pointed to: − The homogenisation and compatibility between the excavation and temporary support classes relevant to their basic structural components (shotcrete shell, rockbolts grid, temporary and final inverts thickness). The excavation and temporary support classes determined according to this consideration are more flexible, so the application of the composite and transitional excavation and temporary support classes is facilitated. − Adjustment according to the ground conditions anticipated during the excavation, even if each excavation and temporary support class has a specific application range. Figure 5. Installation of the forepoling tubes at the top heading of the Station tunnel. Figure 6. Top heading excavation of the Station tunnel. Installation of the HEB 180 steel arches. 2.2 Special conditions and different support system implemented Due to the particularities of each different part of the project, a possible alteration of the excavation and temporary support classes proposed was anticipated. Due to this fact, by evaluating the ground profiles, the hydrological regime and the probable difficulties expected to be faced during the excavation, additional ground improvement techniques were recommended (drainage holes, probable application of consolidation grouting) in order to provide the as secure as possible design in case of unfavorable conditions in the excavation face area. The excavation of the station tunnel is influenced in specific areas by the presence of piles (South Dome and Building Pit) as well as by the presence of the prestressed anchors (Fig. 7). As for the station tunnel's excavation in the area the Deep building Pit piles, there are a lot of construction difficulties to be confronted, which concern mainly the demolition of some of the piles and the connection of some of the remaining ones with the temporary support shell of the station tunnel. Furthermore, the presence of the deep Building Pit's piles at the north side of the station tunnel, prevents the construction of the typical elephant foot. Due to this reason, station tunnel's north side temporary support shell is connected to Deep Building Pits piles via a special structural connection system with the use of steel dowels, anchored on the existing piles by injection of special adhesives (Fig. 8). The prestressed anchors of Building Pit's south side and the cross and the E/M Service openings (connected to the South Dome and Building Pit) are also presented. Figure 7. Plan view of the different parts of the station tunnel that are influenced by the neighbouring constructions of a) piles of the building pit, b) anchors of the building pit and c) piles of the south dome. Figure 8. Connection details between temporary support shell and existing piles of the building pit. According to the above-mentioned reasons and especially due to the presence of the Building Pit's and South Dome's piles at the face and at the crown of the station tunnel's excavation, there is a number of forepole tubes which cannot be normally installed. Instead of those forepole tubes, spiles have been installed, in order to avoid any interruption of the applied presupporting system in the station tunnel's crown. 3 CALCULATION PROCEDURE ACCORDING TO 3D MODELS One of the most important parameters to be taken into consideration, during tunneling in urban environment, is the stability of the face of the station tunnel. By providing sufficient stability on station tunnel's face with the application of efficient temporary support measures, the construction of the project is secured and the surface settlements will be limited to their minimum values; thus the surface constructions (buildings) and relevant installations will be secured by irrecoverable damages. In the present project detailed analyses have been performed by the use of a powerful computational code SOFiSTiK3D, in order to approach in general the effectiveness of the application of the support measures, the settlements along the station tunnel, the face stability and the rockmass relaxation at the excavation face area in relation to the distance of the face. By taking into account the results of the 3D model, the (stiffness core relaxation E/in situ ground stiffness Eo) coefficient was determined, for each distinguished load case and excavation and temporary support class in the 2D analyses. The convergence of the rockmass as determined according to the 3D analysis was presented in special diagrams. The analytical dimensioning and structural adequacy check of each support class is performed according to the 2D analyses. Figure 9. Analytical 3D model of the Station tunnel by taking into account the forepoles, the fiberglass bolts in the tunnel face, the shotcrete lining, the micropiles, the anchors, etc. The 3D analyses in combination with the specific 2D analyses have been performed in order to ensure the requirements relevant to: − Maximum surface settlements. − Safety factor in the station tunnel's face. − Safe construction sequence. 4 SETTLEMENT CALCULATION vs ACTUAL SETTLEMENT MEASUREMENTS The surface settlements as well as the convergence and the adequacy of the temporary shell of the station tunnel were calculated according to detailed 3D analysis with sophisticated models (Fig. 9). Figure 10 presents the surface settlements calculations, after 30m of top heading and bench excavation. During the construction of the Station tunnel and according to the measured values acquired for the top heading excavation, the predicted settlement values were significantly confirmed in a substantial part of the underground station. Figure 10. Surface settlement calculations after 30m of excavation and temporary support of the station tunnel. The adequacy of the shotcrete lining, as well as, the settlements and the behavior of the surrounding buildings were intensively monitored by a dense geotechnical system. Figures 11 & 12 present partial plots of the daily-evaluated data. Figure 11. Contour plots of the surface settlements measurements after 50m of excavation and temporary support of the station tunnel. According to the results of the 3D analysis concerning the excavation and temporary support classes, important conclusions have been arised regarding the station tunnel's face stability and the surface settlements calculations. Figure 12. Plot curves of the surface settlements measurements after 50m of excavation and temporary support, in the longitudinal section AA and the transverse section BB of the Station tunnel. The most important temporary support measures for the stability of the station t


The establishment of the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party is an inevitable trend with the develop-ment of the Chinese society.It is a just adjudication made by History and a determinant Choice by the Chinese Peo-ple.It is also decided by the features of the Chinese Communist Party.


Recent advances in high-capacity mobile fronthaul (MFH) using digital coherent optical transmission are described. A 160 Gbit/s-256 QAM bidirectional optical transmission over 26 km is demonstrated. We also describe a novel optical-wireless integrated modulation and coding scheme (MCS) control technique for realizing of low-latency, high-capacity RAN.


The author reviews books by different authors to comment on the trends in fiction which seems to be moving away from the present times as they deal with Australia's recent and distant past as a subject. Their themes are about life in the early twentieth century revealing the authors' discomfort about Australia of the present time.


To examine the degree to which youth identified as ready for discharge from three Canadian early psychosis intervention (EPI) programs had achieved optimal outcomes (ie, symptom remission, quality of life, self‐esteem and functioning).


The regulation on the land market by land price is an important way to improve the level of urban land intensive use,which promotes reasonable allocation of urban land resources. Based on the different grades of intensive gradients,this study applied radar chart method and partial correlation method to analyze the relationship between land price and land intensive use through using the data of land price dynamic monitoring and land intensive use. The results show that on the whole analysis,the fit is about 70% between land price and land intensive use,and they have a close relationship,however they are vary in different grades of intensive gradients;based on the different grades,the fit between land price and land intensive use is about 80%( under the intensive gradient) 75%( under the inefficient gradient) 55%( under the excessive gradient),and partial correlation coefficient is 0. 879( under the intensive gradient) 0. 550( under the excessive gradient) 0. 257( under the inefficient gradient). Therefore under the intensive gradient,the fit is maximum and they are highly correlated. And the higher the land price is,the higher the level of land intensive use is. Moreover,land price and land intensive use have the most close tie.