Background: Acute heart failure may be either new heart failure or worsening of pre-existing chronic heart failure. Liver congestion causes transmission of flow waveforms portal vein. Aim: to describe changes of portal vein flow in patients with an acute exacerbation of heart failure. Patients and methods: Thirty patients with exacerbation of chronic heart failure presenting at Heart failure unit, National Heart Institute. Doppler ultrasound and measurement of portal vein pulsatile index (PI) were done for all patients. Results: Based on PI, the following 4groups were defined: Group 1 (PI < 0.5): 4 patients (13.3%), Group 2 (PI 0.5 – 0.99): 11 patients (36.7%), Group 3 (PI =1): 9 patients (30%) and Group 4 (PI >1): 6 patients (20%). Mean total serum bilirubin was 1.2 ± 0.4 in group 1, 1.7 ± 0.6 in group 2, 2.1 ± 0.3 in group 3, and 2.8 ± 1 in group 4. This represents a statistically significant linear correlation between PI and total serum bilirubin (p value= 0.01). The mean right atrial pressure (RAP) was 8.5 ± 4 mmHg in group 1, 13.5 ± 5 mmHg in group 2, 20 ± 3.5 mmHg in group 3, and 22 ± 4 mmHg in group 4. This represents a statistically significant linear correlation between PI and RAP (p value= 0.01). In conclusion: portal vein flow has significant changes in patients with acute exacerbation of heart failure which are proportional to serum level of total bilirubin, RAP, severity of tricuspid regurge and severity of heart failure Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with multiple organ manifestations. Extracardial organ damage (kidney, liver, lung, and skeletal muscles) present typically in the advanced stages of chronic heart failure and have nonspecific morphological as well as functional manifestations. Liver disorders in chronic heart failure result from either congestion and/or hypo perfusion (1). Liver damage in heart failure is manifested by hepatomegaly and subicterus, especially in cases where rightheart failure is present. In patients with acute HF and a low cardiac index (CI), in which the predominant www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 3.79 Index Copernicus Value: 5.88 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v3i12.19


Policymakers' attempts to manage economies and stimulate growth are generally counterproductive. Economies recover from financial crises in spite of government intervention, not because of it. Today, the world's economies are in various stages of recovery and growth and the global economy is returning to equilibrium. For investors who realize this, opportunities abound.


Abstract This study examined the effects of communication mode (i.e., face to face versus computer mediated communication) on the instances of negotiation of meaning (NofM) and its level of noticing by learners. Sixty-four participants (32 dyads) completed two jigsaw tasks in two different mediums (one in each) and four days after the tasks they were asked to identify the instances where they had communication breakdowns in a stimulated recall protocol. The findings of the study revealed that the average number of the NofM exchanges and durations of the tasks were higher in face to face mode (F2F) but the participants of the synchronous computer mediated communication (SCMC) group noticed a higher average of NofM instances (M=10.72) compared to the F2F group (M=9.13) and the difference was significant. Based on these results, we can argue that F2F promotes a better context for the production of NofM, but the SCMC environment leads to more instances of noticing.


In loop quantum cosmology (LQC) the big bang singularity is generically resolved by a big bounce. This feature holds even when modified quantization prescriptions of the Hamiltonian constraint are used such as in mLQC-I and mLQC-II. While the later describes an effective description qualitatively similar to that of standard LQC, the former describes an asymmetric evolution with an emergent Planckian de-Sitter pre-bounce phase even in the absence of a potential. We consider the potential relation of these canonically quantized non-singular models with effective actions based on a geometric description. We find a 3-parameter family of metric-affine f(ℛ) theories which accurately approximate the effective dynamics of LQC and mLQC-II in all regimes and mLQC-I in the post-bounce phase. Two of the parameters are fixed by enforcing equivalence at the bounce, and the background evolution of the relevant observables can be fitted with only one free parameter. It is seen that the non-perturbative effects of these loop cosmologies are universally encoded by a logarithmic correction that only depends on the bounce curvature of the model. In addition, we find that the best fit value of the free parameter can be very approximately written in terms of fundamental parameters of the underlying quantum description for the three models. The values of the best fits can be written in terms of the bounce density in a simple manner, and the values for each model are related to one another by a proportionality relation involving only the Barbero-Immirzi parameter.


Although in many parts of the nation there has been a strong trend toward centralization of institutional services in single centers away from rural areas, churches and country stores have managed to survive in the countryside. The history of country stores in a single Kentucky county is examined in an attempt to explain their survival. It is suggested that the country store is an adaptive economic institution, one which continues to exist because of credit. convenience, sociability and economic viability. Fescue County, Kentucky is a classic example of institutional centralization processes. In the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries county, state, and national governments attempted to improve rural country life by making county seat institutions available to small town and farm dwellers. This was a period of institutional expansion when the schools, banks, churches, and various small industries were constructed in small towns around the county. This process, however, was not to continue, and around the 1930's these various institutions contracted with increasing rapidity back into the county seat. Accompanying this centralization were improvements in roads, diffusion of cars and trucks, and development of highly competitive incorporated businesses. Today Fescue County is almost completely centralized not only in terms of its major institutions but also with respect to rural country reference groups. The county seat is where the action is. There are, however, two traditional institutions which have partially resisted this centralization process. These are the country general store and the country church. Through in-depth interviews of country store owners, historical literature, governmental statistics, and actual field surveys. this paper documents the changes in form and function which have facilitated the continuation of the country general store.


The accelerated storage test proposed by Rogers enables the rate constant (at a known temperature) and the energy of activation of a reaction occurring in solution to be calculated from a single experiment. This test has been applied to a number of first and second order reactions, including the heat inactivation of horse serum cholin‐esterase. The theoretical and practical limitations of the technique are discussed. It is concluded that the test has an important role in determining the stability of pharmaceutical and related compounds in solution and in comparing the stabilities of different batches of the same preparation.


ABSTRACT In this paper, we consider sufficient conditions for the stationary distribution of generalized Ait-Sahalia-type interest rate model. We show that if r ⩾ 2ρ − 1, then the generalized Ait-Sahalia interest rate model has a unique stationary distribution and if r < 2ρ − 1, then the generalized Ait-Sahalia interest rate model is recurrent relative to the domain (0, ϵ), for any ϵ > 0. Besides, some recursion formulas for the stationary distribution are presented. Finally, some numerical simulations are used to illustrate our results.


Surface charge accumulation can incur changes in electric field distribution, involved in the electron propagation process, and result in a significant decrease in the surface flashover voltage. The existing 2D surface charge measurement fails to meet the actual needs in real engineering applications that usually adopt the 45° conical frustum insulators. The present research developed a novel 3D measurement platform to capture surface charge distribution on solid insulation under nanosecond pulse in a vacuum. The results indicate that all surface charges are positive under a positive pulse and negative under a negative pulse. Surface charges tend to accumulate more near the upper electrode. Surface charge density increases significantly with the increase in pulse counts and amplitudes. Accumulation of surface charge results in a certain decrease of flashover voltage. Taking consideration of the secondary electron emission for the surface charge accumulation, four materials were obtained to demonstrate the effects on surface charge. Combining the effect incurred by secondary electron emission and the weighty action taken by surface charge accumulation on the flashover phenomena, the discharge mechanism along the insulator surface under nanosecond pulse voltage was proposed.


Abstract Using the Taylor-Langrange formula as well as a generalization of this one, we give some generalizations of the integral midpoint inequality as well of the Ostrowski inequality for n-time differentiable mappings. A new sharp generalized weighted Ostrowski type inequality is given.


Self-supported films were prepared by casting technique using a blend of potato starch, plasticizers (glycerol, polyethylene glycol and water), sodium alginate, cross linking agents (calcium chloride) and oxygen scavenging/antioxidant agent like, iron powder (up to 0.46%), vitamin C (up to 0.10%) or vitamin E (up to 0.16%). The mechanical properties and water vapour permeability of the films were determined. Change in peroxide value of un-refined rice bran oil, packed in pouch made with these films, was investigated during storage. Organoleptic quality of stored groundnut kernels, packed in pouch made of iron powder incorporated films, was compared with groundnut kernels packed in pouch made of control film but containing iron powder in a small sachet inside it.


During a five-year period between 1st January 1997 and 31st December 2001, one thousand, two hundred and fifty four caesarean sections were performed at General Hospital Mokwa in Niger State of Nigeria.
There were a total of 6,768 deliveries giving caesarean section incidence of 18.5% one thousand one hundred and thirty two (924.2%) were emergency caesarean section while 70(5.8%) were elective. Two hundred and seventy three (22.7%) of the patients were teenager. The common indication of the procedure included cephalopelvic disproportion/obstructed labour 506 (42.1%), antepartum haemorrhage 182 (15.1%) and fetal distress 167 (13.9%). Sepsis was the commonest postoperative complication. The maternal mortality rate was 831.9/100,000 and perinatal mortality rate was 228.1/1,000.
The high incidence of caesarean section in this study is in keeping with the trend worldwide. To reduce the high maternal and perinatal mortalities associated with the procedure, continous retraining of medical staff should be a priority. The socio-economic condition of the populace should also be improved. Key word: Outcome, Caesarean Section, Sub-urban, Secondary Health Care Facility, Nigeria. Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol.46(4) 2004: 77-79


Quintilian ( Inst. or. II, 4, 41) aims to underline the didactic goal of the preparatory exercises  in the schools of rhetoric. The imitatio fori has got, during the centuries, many fans and followers, who created, nowadays too, new types and kinds of declamations.


The Duke Vespasiano Gonzaga (1621-1687) was a true renaissance man. A prince, soldier, poet, artist and architect, he lived amidst the emergent and unstable origins of the architectural discipline. He created through force of will the città ideale of Sabbioneta, a place that in conflating the military and civic gives insight into the militarised mindset that helped birth the discipline we recognise today. Sabbioneta is the result of this mindset: the Duke was free to explore his existential condition through the medium of architecture. One means he used to achieve this was a theatre he commissioned at the centre of Sabbioneta, designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi. The theatre was a space, housing a stage-set representation of the surrounding city, for the Duke to viscerally engage with the ideal, militarised world created around and through him. The paper will show how the duke and his domain, interacted with via the theatre space at Sabbioneta, can act as allegory for the architect in his studio space. The paper blurs agencies of the military and the architectural, with the designer's role as viscerally engaged with and immersed within the design process discussed in this context.


The possibility of analyzing two spectral lines by measuring the second-order factorial moment,n(2)(T), is studied. The results are compared with the ones obtained with a multichannel analyzer system.


The review of government agencies and municipalities development in the territory of crown land Galicia and Lodomeria being a part of Austria and Austro-Hungarian in 1772–1918 is presented in the article. Special attention is to research of the Acts with normative-legal status, which regulate the activity of government agencies and municipalities. It is determined, that in Galicia in 1772–1918 the organization of local government had evolutionary development from the medieval forms to the model, which spread in Europe in XX centuries. Namely from the government organization based the estates division of society, where authority is concentrated in the hands of privileged strata and officer competence was less important than the place in the social hierarchy to the completing local authority with the professional staff, having correspond education. We investigated the evolution of dualism the power system in such places as: governorates (vicegerencies) and powiats, that acted as local authorities and powiats and local (rural) gminas, which were the government agencies and municipalities and had both own and delegated authorities. Of course, in practice in XIX – at the beginning XX centuries in Galicia there were observed the numeral problems in the organization of local government. First of all there are the financial dependent on the government agencies from the center, the continual intervention in their activities by the powerful district leaders (governors or vicegerents) or the leaders of powiats (chiefs) etc. So, in the second part of XIX centuries the government of Galicia accomplished the Galicia vicegerency headed by appointive Austrian imperator vicegerent, who was responsible for the state of affairs in the district. At the level of powiats, the authorities were represented by the stewards of powiats, subordinate and beholden to the governor. Additional to this, in the powiats there were being chosen gminas. There are the government agencies and municipalities of powiat. At the lowest level in the towns and villages, the authority didn't create its government, and to perform own activities it used rural and village gminas (government agencies and municipalities of town or village), delegated them the part of its authorities. Except this in the places the domesnial (aristocratic) authorities, who concerning competence were compared to the rural or town gminas, however, they were in financial and organization dependence upon local landlord. Analyzed directions of development and reforming the institutions of local authorities let to find out the faults and problems in the forming of personal composition, pointed power authorities. The conclusion is that in despite of evident problems in forming Austrian bureaucratic system in passing from absolute monarchy to the monarchy of constitutional type, it was able to create enough efficient model of local government, which based on the principles of electivity and connection of state interests and local community. Fractionally, it was able to realize the principles of collegiality, however unattainable was to organize the activity, based on the legal, organization and material-financial self-dependence.


Teaching on-site courses for the McCrone Research Institute has enabled me to see a lot of the USA. The van and I have been to all of the states except Hawaii and Alaska besides all of the Canadian provinces except Newfoundland and the Northwest Territories. Some parts of the USA have become nearly as familiar to me (and van) as the Outer Drive in Chicago, Rte. 1 down the California coast, Rtes. 80 and 90 to New York and New England, 55 and 65 South, 40 Southeast to Los Angeles and 80 to Salt Lake City and San Francisco, in particular. The latter route across the Great Salt Lake Desert is one of my favorites. That route is always different because of the Great Salt Lake. It's a large lake under normal conditions but conditions are never normal.


The aims of the study are to design a Fuzzy Expert System (FES) for diagnosis of periodontal dental disease by analyzing diagnosis, to define treatment methods and also to develop a computer program to help dentists for investigation, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The designed FES is expected to help dentists by facilitating their job with the most correct diagnosis and treatment method. In addition, this system increases the intervention speed by reducing time loss. The FES to be used in diagnosing periodontal disease perceives the clinical and radiographic findings and determines the severity of disease as output. Expert system (ES) includes the severity of disease and other risk factors that cannot be fuzzified, and thus determines the type of disease and treatment method as output values. Contribution of this study is to be the first work of fuzzy logic application in the area of periodontal dental disease. It has some advantages comparing with traditional diagnosis and treatment methods.


The invention discloses a single-sided automatic locking device for a pneumatic lifting rod, which is suitable for being used on commonly-loaded lifting rod products. The single-sided automatic locking device comprises a lock which is mounted on the internal segment cylinder sleeve of the lifting rod, a locking groove which is correspondingly formed on one side of the lock, a lock core engaged with the locking groove, locking elastic components connected with the lock core, a plug arranged at the outer end of each locking elastic component, and an unlocking component connected with the lock core. Since the single-sided automatic locking device for the pneumatic lifting rod is additionally provided with the single-sided automatic locking mechanism, the automatic locking mechanism can automatically lock the lifting rod in case that the lifted state is required to be kept for a long time, and the lifting rod can not fall down under a heavy load under the action of the locking structure in case of air pressure leakage in the lifting rod. The single-sided automatic locking device has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, ensures reliable control operation, and greatly reduces the running cost of user systems.


A varying degree of repeatability has been observed in critical-current (I/sub c/) measurements of Nb/sub 3/Sn and Nb-Ti wires as a function of the number of thermal cycles from room temperature to 4 K. The increase of I/sub c/ between the first and second thermal cycle can be 1% to 2% at 12 T for Nb/sub 3/Sn wires. This was observed on Nb/sub 3/Sn wire by all four laboratories that participated in a recent interlaboratory comparison conducted in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project. These data indicate that if I/sub c/ changes beyond the error limits, it increases fairly monotonically with thermal cycling until it eventually saturates. In contrast, the I/sub c/ of a Nb-Ti wire is very repeatable with thermal cycling. This suggests that the effect on the Nb/sub 3/Sn wire is due to its strain sensitivity. Most of these data were taken with the sample on a Ti-6Al-4V measurement mandrel. This study also investigated the repeatability of I/sub c/ measurements using other mandrel materials. The increase in I/sub c/ of Nb/sub 3/Sn wire could enhance the performance of some applications. However, the lack of repeatability in I/sub c/ measurements on Nb/sub 3/Sn wires is a limitation in precise interlaboratory comparisons.


It discloses an Internet group management system and method of a push-type multicast in a passive access network. A push-type multicast Internet group management system according to the system supporting Internet group management for a packet stream to be transmitted to the subscribers connected to the same node via at least one of a passive access network that the subscriber is connected to a node at the same time, the input packet classifying unit to sort a multimedia contents packet corresponding to the packet for the IP-based content transmitted from the packet stream; And, after configuring the information of the classified multimedia contents packet to the broadcasting program table, and judges the receiving status of the broadcast program from the program requested by the user by using the constructed broadcasting program table outputting a multimedia contents packet corresponding to the requested program It includes program management unit. Passive subscriber network, the Internet Group Management, IPTV, multicast, and broadcast program table, IGMP


Sustainable development in agriculture must include integrated farming system (IFS) with efficient soil, water crop and pest management practices, which are environmentally friendly and cost effective. In IFS, the waste of one enterprise becomes the input of another for making better use of resources. In integrated crop livestock farming system, crop residues can be used for animal feed, while manure from livestock can enhance agricultural productivity. IFS also play an important role in improving the soil health by increasing the nitrogen, phosphorous, organic carbon and microbial count of soil and thus, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers. Moreover, IFS components are known to control the weed and regarded as an important element of integrated pest management and thus minimizes the use of weed killers as well as pesticides and thus protects the environment. The water use efficiency and water quality of IFS was better than conventional system.


One of the main challenges in the development process of secure systems is how to detect as early as possible the system's vulnerabilities and weaknesses, and also how to quantify the severity of attacks through them. In this paper, we rely on the concept of attack surfaces to implement a secure cyber physical system in Java. Attack surfaces can be sometimes detected automatically, regarding the used language, by matching them against known attacks still is a step apart. Further, systems and attacks are not usually modeled with compatible formalism. This paper develops a modeling framework that automates the whole process by generating attacks for cyber physical systems. First, we formalize a system using UML class and activity diagrams. Further, we use UML to develop a meta language for cyber physical systems, cyber attacks, and cyber counter measures. The framework instantiates the dependent-application diagrams for the domain/application in test, searches for the existing attack surfaces; then it generates the possible attacks that might exploit the found vulnerabilities/weaknesses. Further the proposed framework generates the proper java code for the composition counter measures, attacks, and CPS models.


This paper studies the role of shared analysts, who cover the target and the acquirer, in mergers and acquisitions outcomes. We find that deals where both firms are connected through shared analysts are less likely to be completed than deals without shared analysts. If completed, however, deals with shared analysts exhibit higher expected synergy gains, acquirer announcement returns, and acquirer post-completion performance. Shared analysts are also more likely to issue estimates about the acquirer in the proximity of the impending deal and their estimates are associated with a decrease in the uncertainty about acquirer's cash flows. Our results highlight how the position of analysts in a deal results in an informational edge that enhances the screening of deals and mitigation of the acquirer's informational disadvantage. Shared analysts who enhance the acquirer's ability to screen out deals also exhibit superior career outcomes post-completion. We find similar results in the pre- and post-Regulation Fair Disclosure period, using brokerage house closures as a quasi-natural experiment and after controlling for analysts' affiliations. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.


An approach to converting HF and DFT energies of molecules, ions, and radicals to standard enthalpies of formation (¢H° ) is presented. Employing a combination of atomic equivalents, bond density functions, and corrections for molecular charge and spin multiplicity, this new approach is capable of producing accurate enthalpy estimates for most organic and inorganic compounds of the first- and second-row elements. At the B3LYP/6-311G** level of theory, the average absolute errors in the computed values of (¢H°) amount to 1.6, 2.4, and 3.4 kcal/mol for the sets of 61 CH, 156 CHNOS, and 300 H...Cl species that include systems as small as the Cl - anion and as large as the C60 fullerene. Computationally inexpensive theoretical predictions of molecular thermochemistry with accuracy rivaling that of calorimetric measurements are now possible for compounds of interest to the broad audience of experimental chemists.


Ovendry hard maple wafers were exposed to saturated anhydrous ammonia vapor at 25°C for 24 and 48 hours. Following treatment the specimens were vacuum dried and then permitted to sorb water vapor in air over a range of humidities at both 20°C and 40°C. Moisture regain and tangential swelling were monitored on these and untreated specimens. Results show that ammonia treatment increased wood density, caused a time lag in moisture regain and swelling, and produced sorption over-shoot.


Sir, There is a diverse range of sources of error that renders 99mTc‐MAA lung perfusion scintigraphy unsuitable for interpretation by nonnegligible extrapulmonary uptake, as a result of poor radiolabeling efficiency. Most of the time, unbound "free" pertechnetate in the reconstituted solution is the main issue. When injected to the patient, though a high level of free pertechnetate in the circulation, accumulation of radioactivity in salivary glands, thyroid and gastric mucosa would be evident. Poor radiolabeling also results from a number of causes including quality of locally available commercial kits, incorrect order of reconstitution steps, excessive amount of eluted technetium added to the vial and even adding a disproportionate volume of normal saline to the vial before labeling.[1‐3] The latter is of serious concern in laboratories with infrequent number of lung perfusion scans on a daily basis. Because in such situations, each vial is mostly used for one or few number of patients. The hot laboratory technician, in order to decrease the amount of activity required to inject into the vial and thus avoid wasting the eluted activity, might considerably reduce the number of particles in the MAA vial by adding normal saline, i.e., particle dilution, and then draw a proportion, say almost one half, then adding the pertechnetate. This violation of the instructions provided by the kit manufacturer may lead to poor labeling as that in our 82‐year‐old patient referred for the evaluation of pulmonary thromboembolism. The commercially available MAA kit, used regularly in our laboratory, contains 2–4 million particles and the manufacturer recommends adding a dose of 40 mCi. The first scan is performed by the 99mTc‐MAA kit prepared incorrectly by the technician in our laboratory, i.e., by particle dilution to reduce the number of particles, and the second scan is repeated another day by the kit of the same batch number, but with exact following the reconstitution steps recommended in the package insert [Figure 1]. Taken together, the discussion above again emphasizes the adherence to supplied instructions for preparation and use of radiopharmaceuticals, particularly avoiding dilution of particles and using a small volume of reconstitution in vial to obtain an optimal result.[1,3]


The utility model relates to a rolling type heating and flattening device, which comprises a frame and a plurality of parallel rollers, each roller is matched correspondingly to form a workpiece clamping and flattening transmission mechanism, moreover the cavity of more than one roller is provided with a heating source to form a workpiece transmission heating mechanism. The utility model can make the damp workpiece sheet perform rolling and clamping transmission as well flattening, heating and drying during transmission. The utility model has the advantages of reliable and efficient work, simple and reasonable structure. The utility model can improve working efficiency of cash-counting sterilization greatly when applied in the financial machinery, moreover transmission speed of paper note is not to be affected and the surface of paper note is uneasy to be damaged.


Alzheimer's Disease AD is a chronic progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative brain disorder. The aging population has been increasing significantly in recent decades. Therefore, AD will continue to increase because the disease affects mainly the elderly. Its diagnostic accuracy is relatively low, and there is not a biomarker able to detect AD without invasive tests. The electroencephalogram EEG test is a widely available technology in clinical settings. It may help diagnosis of brain disorders, once it can be used in patients who have cognitive impairment involving a general decrease in overall brain function or in patients with a located deficit. This study is a new approach to detect EEG temporal events in order to improve the AD diagnosis. For that, K-means and Self-Organized Maps were used, and the results suggested that there are sequences of EEG energy variation that appear more frequently in AD patients than in healthy subjects.


According to the invention, the first step of forming a cladding layer on a substrate; A second step of forming an active layer of multiple quantum well structure that is interposed between the over cladding layer, optical guide layer and the optical guide layer; A third step of forming a buffer layer on said optical guide layer; A fourth step of etching the buffer layer to form a grating structure in which bone / floor is repeated; A fifth step of forming a buried layer in the bone portion of the diffraction grating; And a sixth step of forming sequentially a buffer layer and the ohmic contact layer again on the buried layer; a method for manufacturing a laser diode comprising a are provided. In addition, laser diode, p-type substrate, provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; p-type cladding layer formed on the p-type substrate; An active layer of multiple quantum well structure is formed so as to be interposed between on the p-type cladding layer, optical guide layer and the optical guide layer; an n-type buffer layer formed on the optical guide layer; The diffraction grating is formed by being provided in the n-type buffer layer, in the form of a buried layer which is gradually wider in a direction away from the active layer repeatedly; And an ohmic contact layer formed on the n-type buffer layer; comprises a. DFB LD, a diffraction grating, a wet etching, Group 5 element, a multiple quantum well


The incidence of blunt abdominal trauma has increased in recent years; however, relatively little attention has been paid to instances of its sequelae, especially in childhood. Small bowel stricture following a history of abdominal trauma is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction and there have been few reports examining its occurrence. We are presenting here a case of posttraumatic double ileal stenosis in a 4-year female child.


Based on the practice,library instruction from the aspects of orientation,content,way and improvement measures of four aspects of higher vocational college freshmen education work is analyzed and studied.


The busbar protection is widely used in 20 kV networks and cases of the wrong operation of the busbar protection during the single-phase earth faults have been recorded. The paper presents the results of a study of the single-phase earth faults events conducted using the EMTP-RV (Powersys) program. The reasons for the false positives of the busbar protection were revealed: it has been established that the algorithm for blocking the operation of the busbar protection does not take into consideration the flow of capacitive currents in the case of a single-phase earth fault. In this study different measures aimed to improve the busbar protection algorithm were considered and a potential solution had been investigated: transferring the grounding resistor from the power transformer neutral to the 20 kV busbar sections.


The ray-based channel models with parameters derived from measured data such as the 3GPP Spatial Channel Model has been widely used as the standard for evaluating the performance of MIMO transmission technologies used in next generation cellular systems such as LTE and IMT-Advanced. Recently, for evaluating the temporal evolution of MIMO transmission performance, demand has been rising for enhanced channel models that include not only the static channel behavior but also dynamic and time-variant channel behavior. In this paper, we propose a Dynamic Channel Model. In our model, we estimate the dynamic properties of rays such as the ray's birth time, death time, and propagation parameter drift using Rao-Blackwellized particle filter. Experiments show that our dynamic channel model yields AoA, ToA, and AoD attributes, spread and auto-correlation, that agree with data measured in an urban environment well.


Despite increasing recognition of its contribution to development in many parts of the world, academic research about social entrepreneurship remains in its infancy. There has been little inquiry into the rationale for social entrepreneurship, despite its potential to clarify many conceptual ambiguities associated with this emerging phenomenon. In response to such a gap, the present study advances a compelling framework from classic sociology, that of Max Weber's Typology of Rationality, as a means to explain the motivations of social entrepreneurs in the tourism industry. The framework is applied to the cases of two social entrepreneurs in India. The study emphasizes the concepts of formal and substantive rationality, which represent Weber's most significant contributions to the understanding of human behavior. It also reveals the dynamic interplay between the two types of rationality, thus extending the understanding of Weber's Typology in the context of social entrepreneurship in tourism.


Surface sediments from 24 stations in the Raritan Bay-lower New York Bay were analyzed seasonally for size-grade distributions, percent volatiles and extractable hydrocarbons. Seasonal means of size-grade fractions were not statistically different, although much inter- and intrastation variability occurred. Greater silt-clay content tended to occur at the head of the bay (especially in winter) and decreased down the bay. During fall and winter, the occurrence of silt-clay fractions tended to increase throughout the bay.

Extractable hydrocarbons exhibited significant seasonal differences (p < 0.05). Extractable hydrocarbon ranges were 1–1,273 μg/g dry sediment, with seasonal means of 160–327 μg/g dry sediment, depending on the bay region. Hydrocarbon content and percent volatiles generally increased with increased silt-clay content. Best correlations of hydrocarbons with silt-clay occurred in summer and fall. Throughout the seasons, hydrocarbon material appeared to move down the bay, with lowest values in fall-winter and the highest in spring-summer.


The phenomenon encountered occasionally on complications involving spatial data, is that there is a tendency of heteroscedasticity since every region has distinct characteristics. Thus, it requires the approach which is more appropriate with the problem by using the Bayesian method. Bayesian method on spatial autoregressive model to contend the heteroscedasticity by applying prior distribution on variance parameter of error. To detect heteroscedasticity, it is shown from several responses correlating with the predictors. The method abled to estimate some responses is Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). SUR is an econometrics model that used to be being utilized in solving some regression equations in which of them has their own parameter and appears to be uncorrelated. However, by correlation of error in differential equations, the correlation would occur among them. With the condition of the Bayesian SUR spatial autoregressive model, it is able to overcome heteroscedasticity cases from the vision of spatial. Further, the model involves four kinds of parameter priors' distributions estimated by using the process of MCMC.


An on-line monitoring system of temperature elevation inside HV switchgear cabinet is developed based on ZigBee.Real-time temperature of components in the cabinet is sampled by using DS18B20,and wireless real-time transmission of multi-point temperature is implemented via ZigBee.An induction coil which can be easily set on contact wall is designed to provide the low-voltage power supply for the system.RS485 and CAN interfaces are designed to connect with the power control center for implementation of remote on-line monitoring of temperature inside high voltage switchgear cabinet.Field test results show that the system operates stable and reliable.


Circle packings are arrangement of circles satisfying specified tangency requirements. Many problems about packing of circles and spheres occur in nature particularly in material design and protein structure. Surprisingly, little is known about the stability and rigidity of circle packings. In this paper, we study the rigidity of circle packings representing a given planar graph. The radii of circles are flexible with equality and inequality constraints. We provide a dual condition for the packing to be rigid in the first order. This gives us a sufficient condition to show a packing is rigid. Then we will explore the difficulties on rigidity problems beyond the first order.


The technology disclosed herein relates to a fill-level measuring device 100 for a container 200 for storing fluid F and a container. The level measuring device comprises at least one transmitter 112, at least one receiver 114 and at least one device. The at least one transmitter 112 is suitable for emitting a wave signal W The at least one receiver 114 is adapted to receive the reflected wave signal W. Adjacent to the receiver 114, the at least one device 116 is provided for at least partial reduction and / or deflection of the reflected wave signal W.


Interaction of solitons with dispersive waves (DWs) is a very fertile ground for studies of various important nonlinear optical processes such Cherenkov radiation, four waves mixing and generation of new frequencies, spectral recoil of solitons etc [1, 2]. These phenomena play crucial roles in spectral properties of supercontinuum sources [1, 2]. Extensive studies were performed considering scattering of weak DWs on solitons, with soliton's properties remaining invariant (see [2] and references therein). It was also demonstrated that strong resonant collision of DWs with solitons can accelerate or decelerate solitons with consequent frequency upshifts or downshifts in spectral domain representation [3, 4]. Very interesting scenario occurs when DWs emitted by one soliton interacts with a neighboring solitons and gets reflected from it toward the parental soliton. This process can repeat itself resulting in trapping of the DW between the solitons [5]. As a result of multiple reflections both solitons experience attraction toward each other and may eventually collide creating solitonic cavity [5] pattern. This phenomenon was proven to be responsible for the appearance of multiple soliton knot patterns [6] during the complex supercontinuum generation process.


The synthesis of [1]benzothieno[2,3-c][1,10]phenanthroline (5) is described. It was obtained in four steps from known starting materials. The basic skeleton of the molecule and of the phenanthroline ring were formed via photocyclization. The total assignment of 1H-nmr spectra was accomplished with the aid of two-dimensional nmr methods.


Some Issues P R Panchamukhi This paper .seeks to outline some problems of decision-making in education. An attempt is made to present the relative contribution of different types of education to urban earnings.


This medical device having a line connected to a patient's vascular system (22, 23). In order to ensure identification of blood accidental spill, the camera (17) is disposed towards the patient and the extracorporeal blood circuit. To determine the color of blood and / or blood distributed in the image area of the camera image from the camera processes the image signal (17), which also determines the size of the image area with the color of blood recorded. In this way, loss of blood can be detected in vitro and automatically signaled.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: substance for treating hypodermic fibrosarcoma includes the shark's blood in a proportion of 78 to 81% and sodium citrate from 22 to 19%. The remedy is prepared by obtaining 195 to 202.5 ml of blood from the shark's heart, by adding 55 to 47.5 ml of sodium citrate, and by keeping the mixture in the dark during 8 - 14 months at a temperature of 8 to 10 degrees C. EFFECT: higher efficacy of treatment. 2 cl


The main purpose of this thesis has been to identify and discuss problems connected with the preservation of newspapers in Sweden. Another purpose was to see if the preservation of newspapers has ...


In Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), the two common etiologies are paternal deletion of chromosome 15q11-13 (~70% of affected persons) and maternal uniparental disomy 15 (UPD) (~25%). 73 persons are included in our retrospective study, 37 under the age of 8 (7 UPD, 30 deletion), and 36 above (15 UPD, 21 deletion). The R Matching package was used to match individuals based on gender and age. The results reveal that, in the younger age group, nasal base and mouth width are significantly reduced in UPD, while in the older individuals, inner canthal distance and ear length are larger in UPD. After normalizing measurements by OFC, these results remain significant. Reduced minimum frontal distance is another differentiator of UPD under the age of 8, while reduced mouth width differentiates above age 8. In addition, facial images of 16 persons (4 UPD, 12 deletion) from the same cohort were evaluated with automatic image analysis tools for UPD/deletion differentiation. This type of analysis provided good discrimination between individuals with UPD and those with deletion.


The surface texture of martensitic AISI 630 steel after the finishing turning is described. The tests were carried out under dry and cooling conditions. Experiments were carried out under variable cutting speeds and feeds and under a constant depth of cut. The Parameter Space Investigation (PSI) method was used that allows research with minimal experience point quantity. It was found that turning with cooling conditions reduce both Ra and Rq values and intensities of cutting speed and feed rate influence as compared out under dry conditions. The use of low feed rate values has a positive effect of the Ra and Rq parameters.


Abstract Development of novel supported catalysts with high activity and stability is still a challenge. In this study, the Au-polydopamine (Au-PDA) hollow microcapsules with Au nanoparticles embedded into the PDA microcapsule shell have been synthesized through a simple template-induced covalent assembly method, where polystyrene (PS) nanospheres were used as templates to form core/shell structured PS/Au-PDA composites, followed by core removal through tetrahydrofuran etching. Their morphology and composition were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Results showed that the Au-PDA microcapsules possessed well-fined hollow structure and uniform sizes with inner diameter of about 385 nm, shell thickness of about 30 nm, and Au nanoparticles with diameter of about 17 nm incorporated. The catalytic performance of Au-PDA hollow microcapsules was evaluated through the reduction of methylene blue (MB) dye with NaBH4 as a reducing agent. Compared to PDA/Au composites with Au nanoparticles loaded on the surface of PDA microspheres, as-prepared Au-PDA hollow microcapsules show good stability and recyclability in the catalytic experiments as the Au nanoparticles were firmly wrapped in PDA matrix, which makes the Au-PDA hollow microcapsules a practicable catalyst candidate for advanced catalytic systems. The Au-polydopamine (Au-PDA) hollow microcapsules with Au nanoparticles embedded into the PDA microcapsule shell have been synthesized through a simple template-induced covalent assembly method.


Nutrition programmes hardly ever consider the seasonality of food supplies. Alone these are important, but here we consider the effects of food shortages coinciding with other seasonal variables such as seasonal labour inputs which create heavy energy demands especially for sections of the population already vulnerable to the effects of food maldistribution. These include pregnant and lactating females and preschool children especially in the 0–24 month age group. The combined effects of seasonal labour inputs and food shortages on factors affecting the nutritional status of infants are considered in relation to the birth season which determines the age when children are most vulnerable to seasonality factors. Since the immunity of infants and small children varies with age, their birth season (and hence their age at different seasons of the year) greatly affects their survival chances.


Let MK(G,X) be a Shimura variety over C; let L be a Q-subgroup of G whose G((Q)-conjugacy class corresponds to a prescribed type of Hodge cycles. For every subvariety V of MK(G,X), denote by S(V,L) the subset of points of V whose Mumford-Tate group is contained in a (^((QJ-conjugate of L. We define an invariant c(G,X,L) depending only on the G(R)-conjugacy of L. The main result says that for every subvariety V of codimension at most c(G,X,L), the subset S(V, L) is dense in V in the metric topology. The value of c(G,X, L) is tabulated in many examples. 0. Introduction. The question we address in this paper is part of a more general question: Given a variation of Hodge Q-structures over a complex analytic variety V, do the points of V corresponding to members in this family having extra Hodge cycles of a given type form a dense subset of V? A special case of this question was raised in [1]. Let V C Ag be a subvariety of the moduli space Ag of principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension g over C, and for any integer A; between 1 and g — 1 denote by Sk{V) the subset of V consisting of all points x G V such that the corresponding abelian variety Ax has an abelian subvariety of dimension k. In [1], Colombo and Pirola gave a sufficient condition for Skiy) to be dense in V with respect to the metric topology. They also proved that if V is a subvariety of the Jacobian locus TQ/lg) of codimension at most g — 1, then Si(V) is dense in V. Here T(Mp) denotes the locus of jacobians of complete smooth curves of genus g in Ag. Using the same criterion, Izadi showed in [5] that if V is either a subvariety of Ag of dimension at most #, or V is a subvariety of T(M^) of dimension at most p, then 5i(V) is dense in V. This paper was started by the attempt to understand the meaning of the results of [1, 5] in a more general context. We replace the parameter space Ag by a Shimura variety MK(G,X), and allow Hodge cycles more general than idempotent endomorphisms of a polarized abelian variety to arrive at the more general question stated at the beginning; see §1 for the precise formulation. In our setting, the subset Sk(V) of V C Ag is replaced by a subset S(V,L) of V C MK(G,X), where L is a reductive subgroup of G defined over Q. We define an invariant c(G, X, L) G N which has the property that S(V,L) is dense in V if V has codimension at most c(G,X,L) in MK(G,X). This generalizes [1, 5]. The invariant c(G,X,L) depends only on the G(]R)-conjugacy class of L in G] its value in the case considered in [1, 5] is g. Our method differs from those used in [1, 5] only at the end, where we further linearized the problem to compute c(G, X, L). This is the content of §2; it allows us to replace the geometric arguments used in [1, 5] by a simpler linear algebra argument, which makes the invariant c(G, X, L) easy to compute. We illustrate this in §3 and tabulate the value of c(G, X, L) in many cases. For instance in the situation considered in [1, 5], our result says that if V C Ag is a subvariety of codimension at most g, then Sk{V) is dense in V for any k between 1 and g — 1. Another example of our result is that for every subvariety V in ^9 of codimension at most 10, the subset of points of * Received March 20, 1998; accepted for publication April 16, 1998. This research is partially supported by grant DM95-02186 from the National Science Foundation. t4N32 David Rittenhouse Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A. (email@example.com).


A holographic information recording/reproducing apparatus and method are provided to increase recording/reproducing time with respect to a recording region, since an aperture moves according to the rotation of a holographic recording medium to keep fixed relative position with the rotating holographic recording medium. A holographic information recording/reproducing apparatus(20) comprises a light source(21), a first beam splitter(31), a spatial light modulator(23), a mirror(M), a two-dimensional photodetector(26), and an aperture(A). The light source generates light beam. The first beam splitter splits the light beam generated from the light source into two beams. The spatial light modulator modulates one beam into signal beam having two-dimensional signal pattern for transmitting the signal beam to a holographic recording medium(D). The mirror transmits the other beam as reference beam to the holographic recording medium. The two-dimensional photodetector detects signal beam reproduced from the holographic recording medium. The aperture, which limits the width of the signal light, is capable of moving with fixed relative position with the rotating holographic recording medium.


This study aims to investigate the co-movement between the exchange rate and the different energy prices by using the canonical vine copula approach. China needs to import large amounts of oil, natural gas, and other energy sources every year, thus, the exchange rate plays a vital role in the energy market import in China. This study uses C-vine copula to estimate the interdependence between the exchange rate and the different energy prices including gasoline price, coal price, and liquified natural gas price. The result shows that the exchange rate has a positive dependency effect on all energy prices, especially the highest degree of interdependence between the exchange rate and gasoline prices.


Introduction There has been an overall downward trend in impaired driving crashes in Canada for nearly two decades. However, despite the implementation of proven measures to reduce impaired driving (e.g., ignition interlocks) and national initiatives to address this problem (e.g., Strategy to Reduce Impaired Driving), progress has stalled since the late 1990s. In 2004, 815 people were killed in alcohol-related crashes and approximately one-third of fatal crashes continue to be alcoholrelated (Mayhew et al. 2005). As such, impaired driving remains a priority concern and more than 80% of Canadians believe it is a serious problem (Vanlaar et al. 2006).


Purpose – This paper seeks to explore an alternative direction to break the theoretical impasse in CSR.Design/methodology/approach – The study employs ancient insights from the core of Buddhist teaching, featuring the Four Noble Truths and the concept of "me" and "mine", for the modern application of CSR by investigating the crux of major related theories.Findings – The Noble Truths emphasize that suffering should be eradicated at its root. The Buddhist model of CSR suggests that beyond doing good such as supporting philanthropy and avoiding evil as mitigating the impact of corporate malpractice, which are consistent with major CSR theories, it is also crucial to purify the hearts of stakeholders from the "self" and "what belongs to self", the genesis of suffering. Detachment is the key.Research implications – The shift from an institutional to an individual level, more specifically the transformation from a mindset of over‐consumption to one of conscious consumption, is an alternative direction to the pr...


Much research has been conducted in recent years applying support vector machines (SVMs) for financial forecasting. Financial time series have been shown to be very noisy and difficult to generalize: directional accuracies are often close to the class distribution. In order to improve the accuracy of our predictions, we look at applying rejection to the decision outputs of the SVM model. We study whether accuracies can be improved by rejecting based on a) the distance from the separating hyperplane, b) the probabilistic SVM output, and c) the magnitude of the support vector regression output. We test on the gold future financial contract with 6125 out of sample points covering 2010. The results show small but insignificant accuracy gains but substantial economic improvements when applying the non-probabilistic reject methods. Further, for the margin based rejection method, we observe a strong relationship between the rejection rate and the classification accuracy; This helps with the heuristic that distance-from-the-margin can be associated with confidence.


A SAFE PLACE IS THE best place to keep securities. But safety differs with individual taste and definition, and too many careless stockholders are trying to make unlocked desk drawers behave like the basement of Fort Knox. A few months ago, confident she had solved the hazards of security ownership, a Pennsylvania housewife turned on the stove "safeguarding" her portfolio. Fortunately, a sharpeyed transfer agent could identify the sauteed remains, for that reason all the lady lost was a little sleep.


Face diagnosis of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is carried out by observing the facial complexion to obtain the disease diagnostic results. Color space based on human visual system will be more conducive to facial complexion recognition, which is more suitable to measure and distinguish facial complexion. Uniform color space based facial complexion recognition for TCM is proposed in this paper, which include: (1) the skin blocks in the human facial region are extracted by locating the eye position and mouth corner accurately; (2) the statistical characteristic of color histogram and the characteristic of aberration chromatic in Lab color space are introduced to extract the facial complexion feature; (3) the support vector machine (SVM) is used to evaluate the performance of facial complexion recognition. The experimental results show the proposed complexion feature can achieve good performance, with the facial complexion recognition rate up to 81%.


The visual problems of drivers on the motorway have been studied by new techniques and compared with the problems on traffic routes, with special reference to the possible need for fixed lighting. By day the visual problems are generally much less severe on the motorways, bu~ the vehicleand the driver have less in hand to cope with emergencies and consequences of an accident are often more grave. By night the information presented to the driver by heac1!ights,. re~ector studs rear lights and signals are found to be inadequate and often confusing. FIxed hghtmg of good~uality has been shown to be capable of giving the driver all the information ~e needs, and it is concluded that a technical case for its installation can be made out. The accI.de~t rate on motorways is low at present traffic density, but on mot~rways abroad where t~e densl!y IS greater high accident rates occurred which have been substant18l1y lowered by the mstal~tlon of fixed lighting. Technical characteristics for fixed lighting on the.motorway a~e d~rlVed from t.he observed requirements. The paper does not discuss questions of engmeermg, .economl~ or policy. Some suggestions for guidance and visual signalling on the motorway are discussed m an appendix.


--- Objective: To determinate the association between the clinical laboratory
variables entrance to the severity of pancreatic necrosis in patients from the
pancreatic surgery HNERM in 2006-2007.
Methodology: Analytical observational cross-sectional study, the medical
records of 67 patients who meet the selection criteria and according to the
data-gathering clinical laboratory data were reviewed, then the statistical
analysis with SPSS v.22.0 package is performed. and chi square test is
performed independent variables to determine the association and then test
to see if OR constitute a risk factor or protective these variables
Results: acute with severe pancreatitis, average age of 49.87 years 67
patients (: 42, F 25 F) were included. The chi-square test with p <0.05 and 2
degrees of freedom for analysis pleural effusion vs severity of necrosis
obtained a value 0 of 0.502, was not significant, not to hypoalbuminemia
analysis vs severity of necrosis was obtein ap of 0.433, no significant
difference value. For leukocytosis variables (p = 0.006), direct
hyperbilirubinemia p = 0.004) and hematocrit (0.025) as well as a significant
association OR (10,125) it was obtained, (16.5) and (0.144), respectively
Conclusions: the association between leukocytosis and direct
hyperbilirubinemia with the severity of pancreatic necrosis in patients from
the pancreatic surgery HNERM in 2006-2007, plus low hematocrit level is a
factor less risk of grave IST.
Keywords: pleural effusion, hypoalbuminemia, pancreatic necrosis, IST,
leukocytosis, hyperbilirubinemia, hematocrit.


Control of particulate matter emissions by means of hybrid filter has been included in the experimental plan of a research project in the field of Mediterranean agro-forestry waste biomass combustion at medium scale. Application of hybrid filters to biomass combustion has not been thoroughly experimented so far. An identification of the most important parameters in particulate matter emissions control by means of a hybrid filter was undertaken. The filter involves two of the most significant technologies in fly ash emission control, electrostatic precipitation and fabric filtration A discussion of these parameters and principles of operation of said technologies is presented, as well as the final selection of parameters to be included in the experimental matrix of the project in regards to emissions control. A novel approach is proposed for testing of filtration velocity influence in fabric filter module without impacting on operation of electrostatic precipitation module.


The name of Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro (1776– 1856) is associated with two fundamental laws in chemistry. The first states that 1 mol of every gas occupies 22.4 l at standard temperature and pressure; the second affirms that 1 mol of every substance has the same number of molecules (6.02 10), a value referred to as Avogadro's number. We examine how these principles came to be associated with his name and the many incremental contributions made by several other European scientists in the 19th and 20th Centuries in this field. We provide examples of not only how these principles enhance our understanding of the behaviour of gases but also how they are applied in modern clinical anaesthesia.


Memory leak, one of the most common problems threatening android apps, might drain the limited memory of mobile devices, cause unexpected delays, no-responses or even crashes to apps. Activity/Fragment Leak is one of the most common and serious causes of memory leaks and has a vast influence on the Android app market. Existing work to identify leaked activities/fragments either depend highly on the experience of developers, or require app's source code and manual interactions. In this paper, we propose an automatic tool named LeakDAF for detecting leaked activities/fragments automatically without manual intervention. LeakDAF makes use of UI testing technique to execute automatically the app under test, and applies memory analysis technique to inspect dumped heap files to identify leaked activities and fragments based on Android's mechanisms for managing them. To evaluate the effectiveness of LeakDAF, we successfully applied it to 35 open source and 64 commercial apps, and we detected at least one leaked activity or fragment for 10 open source apps and 35 commercial apps.


In this note, we do the following:
a) By using Lacey's recent technique, we give an alternative proof for Conde-Alonso and Rey's domination theorem, which states that each positive dyadic operator of arbitrary complexity is pointwise dominated by a positive dyadic operator of zero complexity: \[ \sum_{S\in\mathcal{S}} \langle f \rangle^\mu_{S^{(k)}} 1_S\lesssim (k+1) \sum_{S'\in\mathcal{S}'} \langle f \rangle^\mu_{S'} 1_{S'}. \]
b) By following the analogue between median and mean oscillation, we extend Lerner's local median oscillation decomposition to arbitrary (possibly non-doubling) measures: \[\lvert f-m(f,\hat{S_0})\rvert 1_{S_0}\lesssim \sum_{S\in\mathcal{S}} (\omega_\lambda(f;S)+\lvert m(f,S)-m(f,\hat{S}) \rvert )1_S.\] This can be viewed as a median oscillation decomposition adapted to the dyadic (martingale) BMO. As an application of the decomposition, we give an alternative proof for the dyadic (martingale) John--Nirenberg inequality, and for Lacey's domination theorem, which states that each martingale transform is pointwise dominated by a positive dyadic operator of complexity zero.


Luminescent zero-dimensional perovskites of Cs4PbBr6 have spurred a great deal of interest on their photoluminescence (PL) origin in the last few years. Regardless of the ongoing debate, it is interesting to realize that only a Br-based zero-dimensional phase was found to be highly luminescent, while its Cl and I counterparts remain elusive. In this study, we report a luminescent Cs4PbI6 zero-dimensional perovskite having both a sharp red emission and a sharp excitation peak. The phase-pure nanocrystal exhibited a polycrystalline nature whereby lattice boundary or active defects may form, leading to an Urbach tail in the absorption peak. A single-particle imaging technique reveals the heterogeneous emission behavior from particle to particle. A temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurement was performed to evaluate the exciton binding energy (172 meV), which classified the nature of the exciton as a Frenkel type. Compared to that of its 3D-counterpart CsPbI3 nanocrystals, the PL of Cs4PbI6 exhibits a robust resistance to both the ion exchange and photobleaching effect. Our study brings a new luminescent member to the zero-dimensional perovskite family, which may inspire more endeavors to exploit those relative phosphors and to unravel the corresponding luminescent origins.


Since first recognized in 1984 and described as a cause of bovine abortion in 1989, N. caninum has emerged as a leading cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. Traditionally, the economic impact of Neospora infection on beef productivity has been thought to be limited to the costs of abortion and increased culling. However, recent studies of Texas-based feedlot cattle described an association between the presence of N. caninum antibodies and reduced average daily gain, live body weight and hot carcass weight at slaughter. Seropositive feedlot steers, while exhibiting similar morbidity and mortality rates as seronegative steers, also demonstrated higher treatment costs if sick compared to seronegative sick calves. The purpose of this study was to test the null hypothesis that N. caninum seropositive Iowa feedlot cattle had similar morbidity rates, mortality rates, treatment costs, production parameters and carcass traits compared to seronegative cohorts. We also examined the hypothesis that the occurrence of chronic disease was equal between Neospora caninum serologically positive and negative animals.


We fabricated a Si photonics FMCW LiDAR chip incorporating an optical antenna serial array, which enables the transmission beam narrowing and improved reception sensitivity. We obtained point cloud images using this device with calibration.


This article analyzed the current situations of the basic condition in the regional platform construction and management of university's scientific research. According to the national outlines for the public basic platform of science and technology set up for 2004-2010, it explored the basic regional platform construction condition and special management of the scientific research in the university. It also tried to set up and meet the basic condition for the regional platform construction and management system and operating mechanism of the management expectancy of university's scientific research in the new era.


The increasing utilization of IoT technology in various fields creates opportunities and risks for investigating all cybercrimes. At the same time, many research studies have concentrated on security and forensic investigations to collect digital evidence on IoT devices. However, until now, the IoT platform has not fully evolved to adjust the tools, methods, and procedures of IoT forensic investigations. The main reasons for investigators are the characteristics and infrastructure of IoT devices. For example, device number variations, heterogeneity, distribution of protocols used, data duplication, complexity, limited memory, etc. As a result, resulting is a tough challenge to identify, collect, examine, analyze, and present potential IoT digital evidence for forensic investigative processes effectively and efficiently. Indeed, there is not fully used and adapted international standard for the perfect IoT forensic investigation framework. In the research method, a literature review has been carried out by producing previous research studies that have contributed to further facing challenges. To keep the quality of the literature review, research questions (RQ) were conducted for all studies related to the IoT forensic investigation framework between 2015-2022. This research results highlight and provides a comprehensive overview of the twenty current IoT forensic investigation framework that has been proposed. Then, a summary or contribution is presented focusing on the latest research, grouping the forensic phases, and evaluating essential frameworks in the IoT forensic investigation process to obtain digital evidence. Finally, open research issues are presented for further research in developing IoT forensic investigative framework.


Based on experience from the design of 20 concrete ductile core wall buildings using performance‐based design concepts and a sample design for a high‐rise concrete core wall building performed for the Los Angeles Tall Buildings Structural Design Council, several important issues to be considered before embarking on a detailed analysis have been identified. Nonlinear response history analysis for large, complicated structures can consume many hours of engineering effort. It is always advisable to understand as much as possible about the anticipated building behaviour before beginning this analysis. Performance objectives should be clearly identified for both frequent and maximum considered earthquakes. In particular, acceptable performance at serviceability levels should be understood, as current building codes do not provide much guidance. Factors such as anticipated demand on the lateral system, building height, soil type and seismic hazard should all be considered before running computer models, so appropriate cracking assumptions can be made. Even the design spectra themselves can be indicators of anticipated higher mode effects that may govern design. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Atlantic white-cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides [L.] B.S.P.; AWC), a wetland tree species native to the eastern United States, is declining rangewide. This decline has stimulated interest in restoring AWC in parts of its range. However, restoration could benefit from more research on this species, especially that focus on where to source seedlings for artificial reforestation. This study presents results out to years 18–20 from a southern New Jersey common garden established in the early 2000s as part of the first rangewide provenance planting of AWC. The goal of this research was to expand our understanding of intraspecific variation in AWC linked to the geographic origin of genetic sources. Results indicated that genotype performance was linked to their geographic origin and that local sources were among the top performers when taking all metrics into consideration (e.g., survival, height, basal area). Top-performing provenances were sourced within plus or minus two decimal degrees latitude of the planting site. Although local sources remain suitable for artificial regeneration of this species in southern New Jersey, nearby southern sources could be deployed to achieve out-planting success and conservation of this imperiled species in a warming climate. We hope this work will inform AWC restoration efforts and bring visibility to this declining wetland species.
 Study Implications: Common garden studies can help inform management decisions regarding tree species or genotypes to deploy for reforestation under current and future climate. Local sources of plant material remain a viable option for artificial regeneration of Atlantic white-cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides [L.] B.S.P.) in southern New Jersey. However, Mid-Atlantic sources to the south of New Jersey, especially those within two decimal degrees latitude south of the planting site, could be deployed for restoration planting. Not only could planting seedlings sourced from south of a planting site achieve reforestation objectives, but the deliberate northward movement of southern genotypes within the species' range, that is, assisted migration, could enhance climate resilience of this declining wetland species.


In this paper we have introduced a new topology for a digitally-controlled smart radar absorbing structure based on the phase-switched screen and presented initial experimental data which support the theoretical concept.


The present article portrays some reflections about violence in school. From a his- torical and social perspective, and revealing complex relations, this study highlights a few kinds of violence in the educational environment, based on Pierre Bourdieus principles of symbolic violence and its regular occurrence and legitimation at school. Other concepts such as stigma, labeling and bullying are considered for the purpose of examining how they are incorporated into school. The reflections shed some light on the contradictions made explicit in such environments regarding worldwide concerns about cultures and the politics of inclusion, and stress the importance of collective action focused on the leading role of school, which is significantly related to human development.


An enclosure for housing electrical equipment, the enclosure comprising a bottom part (10), a wall part (20) and a roof part (30), wherein the bottom part, the wall part and the roof part define an interior chamber (60) for housing the electrical equipment, the wall part (20) comprises at least one first air channel (21) connected to the interior chamber, and the enclosure comprises at least one fan (40) for circulating air from inside the interior chamber (60) through the at least one first air channel (21), and wherein the bottom part (10) comprises at least one second air channel (11) connected to the interior chamber (60), and the enclosure comprises at least one fan (40) for circulating the air from inside the interior chamber (60) through the at least one second air channel (11).


This work uses a nonorthogonal multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann (LB) method to simulate a water droplet impacting on a hydrophobic plate with a cylindrical pore. The LB method is based on a pseudopotential multiphase model with tunable contact angles. It is first validated against experimental data and then employed to study the dynamics of a water droplet impacting a perforated hydrophobic plate. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out by varying the pore size, plate thickness, and Weber number. Based on these results, a phase diagram is constructed to describe the different regimes of droplet penetration behaviors after impingement on the perforated plate. Three distinctive regimes are found, that is, continuously dripping, totally crossing, and hanging, and the mechanisms behind them are scrutinized through the analysis of pressure and energy balance. The competition between the dynamic pressure and the capillary pressure determines the formation of the liquid jet below the plate. Viscous dissipation hinders the development of liquid fingering. Based on the balance of the droplet dynamic pressure, capillary pressure, and the viscous pressure losses, the boundary between different regimes is established.


CONFERENCES ARE so ubiquitous these days that it's hard to imagine academic life without them, but 150 years ago this was not the case. On Sept. 3, 1860, the first-ever international scientific conference took place in Karlsruhe, Germany. Besides being an academic landmark, the meeting was essential for clarifying several major conundrums that were stymieing chemistry at the time, enabling the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev and the German chemist Lothar Meyer, who were both in attendance, to later construct the first correct periodic tables. To celebrate the anniversary, a commemorative conference was scheduled for Sept. 3–4 in Karlsruhe. As C&EN was set to go to press, the meeting was to include presentations from high-profile researchers, including several Nobel Prize winners, on how chemistry might help solve the world's most important challenges in areas such as energy and climate change. Because of their significance for the discipline of chemistry today, these issues were selected to parallel ...


This paper introduces about the advantages of the integrated full electric propulsion system for warships,analyzes the load requirements of future warship.Comparative analysis shows that the integrated full electric propulsion system can meeting the requirements of electricity of future warships,with lower in- stalled power,fuel consumption and cost of maintenance.


Such as the molar amount of carboxylic acid and ester condensate having a specific structure of by reaction with an alcohol, suppress the production of by-products and are able to improve the yield synthesis in large quantities, as the catalyst used is good catalyst efficiency, a small amount yet to be to enable the re-use repeatedly, and provide green chemistry (green chemistry) ester of the condensate produced in the method can be applied to a preferred industrial method in view and the catalyst. Use of zirconium (IV) compound and / or a hafnium (IV) compound, an iron compound and / or a catalyst containing a gallium compound, and subjected to esterification reaction. The zirconium (IV) Ester condensate, zirconium compounds


Most drugs used today are purely organic compounds. Especially after the enormous success of the cisplatin (Fig 1) in tumor treatment, interest in metal complexes has grown (Allardyce & Dyson, 2006). Synthetic organometallic compounds are generally considered to be toxic or non-compatible with biological systems. Despite this perception, the medicinal properties of organometallic compounds, in particular organo-transition metal compounds, have been probed for a long time and in the last few years the area has grown considerably.


Based on the continuous development of all countries are increasing demands on human comfort, simplification of work and thus the energy. Likewise, increasing the demands on the use of all available methods to easily obtain this energy, environmentally friendly and inexpensive. But energy is not the only problem. As a result of recent climate change is already present in many areas facing shortage of drinking water. These are areas where there is a low rainfall throughout the year and much of the river beds are dry most of the year. One of these areas are islans and archipelagos in the Mediterranean Sea. There is therefore the possibility of using renewable resources as energy, and for obtaining drinking water.


Competing interests: None declared.

Funding source: This work was funded in part by the departments of medicine at the University of Calgary and University of Alberta.

Contributed by
Contributors: Allison Bichel, as a consultant to the Calgary Health Region, was responsible for the implementation of the health service innovations for the academic alternate relationship plan in the Department of Medicine in Calgary, for the design and implementation of the evaluation of the innovations in Calgary and for preliminary collation of the data for this article. John Conly, Maria Bacchus and Jon Meddings conceived of this article, arranged for the full evaluation data of the academic alternate relationship plans from their respective sites to be obtained from Alberta Health and Wellness and act as guarantors for this article. Allison Bichel drafted the initial manuscript. All of the authors reviewed and revised the manuscript for critical content and approved the final version to be published.


For a wide range of interconnect applications, bidirectional optical data transmission in the Gbit/s range is very desired. Monolithically integrated transceiver (Tx/Rx) chips for 850 nm wavelength operation have recently been presented [1], which consist of a verticalcavity surface-emitting laser diode (VCSEL) and a metal–semiconductor–metal photodiode (MSM PD) and are suited for coupling to a 100μm core diameter fiber. Nevertheless, owing to the applied lithographic process, they are not well suited for standard gradedindex multimode fibers (MMFs) with smaller core. A new generation of chips (Fig. 1) presented in this article is based on a completely revised and simplified process technology. Due to a significant reduction of the VCSEL diameter, the detection area is increased and a centered laser diode can be realized for Tx/Rx chips with 110μm diameter, which drastically enhances coupling tolerances between chip and fiber. Even quasi error-free full-duplex 1 Gbit/s bidirectional data transmission over a 500 m-long MMF with 50μm core diameter is possible and shows the high potential of the given approach for various low-cost datacom applications.


Considering of the nonlinear, time-variable and non-minimum phase character and the easy variance of hydro-turbine governing system's structure and parameters, a new adaptive inverse control method of hydro-turbine governing system based on the learning characteristic of neural network and the function approximation ability of the wavelet analysis is presented. It approximates the model and its inversion of plant by wavelet neural networks, and then through constructing an aim function of broad sense, a wavelet neural networks adaptive inverse law is put forward which is effective to the nonlinear non-minimum phase system. Theory and simulation to hydro-turbine governing system demonstrate that the control strategy can more effective improve the dynamic and stationary performance than those based on neural networks. It is showed the scheme is valid.


Abstract.
 A new species of Campsiandra (Caesalpinieae) from the Lower Rio Napo and Rio Nanay of Peruvian Amazonia is described and illustrated. Campsiandra cowaniana resembles C. angustifolia in the size and general characteristics of the flower and chartaceous leaflets, and C. steyermarkiana and C. robclarkiana by the tortuous stamens. However, it is distinguished from all other species of the genus by the large, chartaceous but glabrous, nitid, obovoid-lanceolate leaflets and one of the 5 petals rotate.


Characteristics of a new type of erbium-doped fiber for optical amplifiers were reported where erbium was doped in the center of the core and samarium doped in a ring of the cladding. Using samarium absorption of photons around 1.5 μm in the erbium ion emission range, we demonstrated a new way of controlling the gain spectrum of erbium-doped fiber amplifier without using external filters. Amplifier small signal gain under saturation was about 11 dB and within 2.3 dB variation in the range of 1520-1560 nm. Total output power from the amplifier was 9dBm with 100 mW of pump power at 980 nm. The effects of samarium-doped inner cladding on amplified spontaneous emission spectra in the long wavelength band were also reported.


The authors indicate in the preface that this volume was developed for use as a reference source for quickly assessing the level of mental development in cognitive, perceptual-motor, language, and other academic areas. They state that this book supplies a series of expectancies or norms for given ages against which the pediatrician can compare a particular child. In the past two decades, other screening instruments have been developed. Comprehensive interpretation of the resulting data still depends on a thorough familiarity with the methods of establishing the norms and the important variables, as well as a thorough, basic knowledge of child development. This volume adds nothing new either in content, ease of administration, or in advice as to what steps to take after a developmental lag is identified. Chapters 1 and 5 provide a brief narrative description and checklist of developmental milestones from ages 2 through 9 years. The items selected


Question In adults with type 1 diabetes, what are the efficacy and safety of adding sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors to insulin? Review scope Included studies compared weekly SGLT-2 inhibitors with placebo in patients 18 years of age with type 1 diabetes mellitus, had follow-up 2 weeks, and reported 1 outcome of interest. Outcomes included hemoglobin A1c level, weight, systolic blood pressure, total insulin dose, and safety outcomes. PROSPERO CRD42017071597. Review methods MEDLINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, and Cochrane Library to Oct 2017; ClinicalTrials.gov; major diabetes conference databases; and reference lists were searched for double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs). 11 RCTs published in 14 papers (n =4591, mean age 23 to 54 y, 38% to 71% men, mean total insulin dose 0.63 to 0.86 units/kg/d) met inclusion criteria: 6 evaluated sotagliflozin, 3 dapagliflozin, 1 canagliflozin, and 1 empaglifozin. Median study duration was 12 weeks (range 2 to 24 wk). 7 RCTs had adequate allocation concealment; 11 blinded patients, study personnel, and outcome assessors; and 11 had unclear risk for bias for completeness of outcome data. Main results The main results are in the Table. Conclusion In adults with type 1 diabetes, adding sodiumglucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors to insulin reduces hemoglobin A1c levels and weight but increases diabetic ketoacidosis and genital infections. SGLT-2 inhibitors vs placebo in adults with type 1 diabetes* Outcomes Number of trials (n) Weighted event rates At 2 to 24 weeks SGLT-2 inhibitors Placebo RRR (95% CI) NNT Severe hypoglycemia 11 (3523) 3.87% 4.02% 3.8% (32 to 29) NS Urinary tract infection 8 (2401) 3.70% 3.81% 2.9% (43 to 34) NS RRI (CI) NNH (CI) Hypoglycemia 8 (2439) 91% 91% 0.1% (0.1 to 0.3) NS Diabetic ketoacidosis 11 (3523) 1.54% 0.46% 234% (73 to 540) 93 (41 to 297) Genital tract infection 10 (2993) 6.47% 1.97% 228% (128 to 369) 23 (14 to 40) Weighted mean difference (CI) HbA1c, % 9 (4433) 0.40% (0.46 to 0.35) Weight, kg 8 (2928) 2.68 (3.36 to 2.00) SBP, mm Hg 4 (1573) 3.37 (5.28 to 1.46) Total insulin dose, units/d 7 (2735) 5.99 (7.12 to 4.85) *Hb = hemoglobin; NS = not significant; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SGLT-2 = sodiumglucose cotransporter 2; other abbreviations defined in Glossary. Weighted event rates, RRR, RRI, NNH, and CI calculated from odds ratios and placebo event rates in article using a random-effects model. Numbers of patients in analyses of continuous outcomes confirmed by author. Weighted mean difference <0 indicates benefit with SGLT-2 inhibitor. Commentary The paucity of trials directly comparing the efficacy of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists, and DPP-4 inhibitors led Zheng and colleagues to explore the network of pertinent evidence. They found that SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists prevented more deaths and episodes of HF than DPP-4 inhibitors. These differences relied mainly on results of indirect comparisons calculated using network meta-analysis, although results for direct and indirect comparisons were largely consistent. The review could not explore differences between drugs of the same class. For example, although SGLT-2 inhibitors as a class did not increase risk for lower limb amputations, trials of specific agents yielded inconsistent results. This includes 2 large trials that found an increased risk for amputations with canagliflozin (1). Similar to results in patients with type 2 diabetes (2), the systematic review and meta-analysis by Yamada and colleagues found that adding SGLT-2 inhibitors to insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes reduced HbA1c (by 0.4%), blood pressure, and body weight. Use of these agents also increased risks for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and genital tract infection. DKA may occur in patients using SGLT-2 inhibitors because lowering glycemia through an insulin-independent mechanism increases the glucagon-to-insulin ratio, resulting in elevated rates of lipolysis, hepatic ketogenesis, and an increased tendency toward DKA, especially in the setting of a precipitant (3). Taken together, the body of evidence continues to favor GLP-1 agonists and, particularly, SGLT-2 inhibitors for their ability to reduce CV and renal events (1, 4) in patients with type 2 diabetes; the potential benefits in patients with type 1 diabetes remain speculative. The favorable effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on weight, glycemia, and CV risk without severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes must be contrasted with the unfavorable onesgenitourinary infections; DKA; and, in the case of canagliflozin, amputations. Clinicians and their patients can use the results of the review by Zheng and colleagues to develop a preference for which drug to considerincluding SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 agonistswhen further glycemic control is needed for type 2 diabetes. In patients with type 1 diabetes, the role of SGLT-2 inhibitors in improving care and outcomes is uncertain.


The invention discloses a method for preparing an HNTs/Ni-W coating film containing inorganic nano-particles. The coating plays a role of crystal nucleus to obstruct growth of grain crystals by means of the dispersion strengthening effect of HNTs in the coating, and the HNTs has a unique multi-layer strip structure to fill crystal gaps, so that the mechanical performance and corrosion resistance of the coating can be reinforced. The corrosion resistance in a 3.5% NaCl solution and abrasion resistance on a disc rubbing machine of the coating are evaluated, and results indicate that the corrosion current of the coating film is reduced by 3 times and the friction coefficient is reduced to 0.1184 after HNTs is added under a normal temperature condition; and representation of SEM, EDX, XRD and 3D microscope indicates that the coating has a flat surface, compact grain crystals and a low crystallization degree, so that the effects of inhibiting steel corrosion and resisting rubbing can be achieved.


١. Introduction In recent years, fuzzy set theory has been proposed as a way to quantify imprecise and vague data in DEA models (see, e.g., [١۶-١٩]). Traditionally, the coefficients of DEA models, i.e., the data of inputs and outputs of the different DMUs, are assumed to be measured with precision (see, e.g., [٢-۴]). However, as some authors point out (see, e.g., [١٢]), this is not always possible. Fuzzy DEA provides us with a tool to deal with the natural uncertainty inherent to some production processes (see, e.g., [١۶]). Alternatively, chance constrained programming formulations of DEA as stochastic approaches can be used to deal with variations in data (see, e.g., [۵-۶, ١۴-١۶,١٧-١٩]). In this paper, possibility approach which has been used by Dubois , Prade [١٠], is used to develop a-one model approached of congestion, based on relaxed combination of inputs in fuzzy DEA.


The research strategy educates traditional market traders based on information technology using a qualitative approach to case studies. Data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation studies. The validity of the data is processed through tests of the degree of trust, transferability, dependence and certainty. Informance is determined by purposive sampling techniques, then the data is analyzed following qualitative rules. The research aims to explore how the Trade Office educates market traders in Pasar Beringharjo through a digitalization program.  The results showed that the Department of Trade in educating market traders based on information technology uses strategies: a) external party cooperation, training, mentoring, developing insights and involving trader family members  for traders who are constrained by brainware.  The driving factors in educating information technology-based traders include: high participation of information technology companies, demands for government and merchant needs, government awareness of IT developments to preserve and develop the market, covid 19 outbreak, high merchant commitment supported by mobile phone communication tools.  The inhibiting factors in educating information technology-based traders include the hardware and software  owned by merchants, not all smartphones, as well as merchant culture that is still conventional. The results of the merchant market digitization program maintain commitment and are able to carry out online transaction systems  with  various application models such as Gopay or e-wallet,  QRIS, E-Retribution, LinkAja, Grocery, InMobi, Titipku,   and Semar by scanning barcodes  and other eknik t.


: Healthcare is an important component of poverty alleviation in China, and it requires constant effort, as this sector in China's rural areas will remain underdeveloped and short of high-quality resources for a long time. Moreover, promoting healthy village construction is crucial for consolidating and expanding the key achievements in poverty alleviation and for implementing rural revitalization strategies in China. This study uses policy research, field research, data analysis, and expert discussions. First, we summarize the practical needs for promoting healthy village construction and present the achievements and main problems regarding healthcare improvement for poverty alleviation. Subsequently, we explore the development objectives and key tasks for healthy village construction, and propose several prospective countermeasures. To prevent the population that has been lifted out of poverty from returning to it due to illness and to better meet their diverse needs for health, we suggest that China should: (1) increase government financial investment and scientifically optimize the layout of health resources and human resources; (2) provide health services based on the entire life cycle and the whole process of health; (3) maximize the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine to draw a bottom line for epidemic prevention and control in rural areas; (4) ensure drug security based on the healthcare service coordination mechanism within the country region; (5) establish a regional adjustment and balancing mechanism for medical insurance funds to ensure the accuracy and fairness of health policies; and (6) conduct rural doctor training programs.


Learning Objectives: Driving pressure (DP) interpretation during patient efforts poses a potential difficulty in interpretation. Therefore, we sought to determine whether an association exists between DP in ICU patients who received a continuous drip of cisatricurium for ARDS and their risk of mortality. Methods: A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records was performed. Patients included Medical and Surgical ICU admissions from 9-1-'15 to 6-30-'18. In addition to Driving Pressure (plateau–PEEP), data were collected for age, BMI, acute kidney injury, cirrhosis, active dialysis, Elixhauser Co-morbidity score, gender, race, P/F ratio, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate before and after cisatricurium, mortality, hospital LOS, ICU LOS, daily SOFA, Vent days, pressor agent days, and discharge destination. Multiple logistic regression modeling was examined with Hospital Mortality as the outcome. Results: One hundred and ninety-six ICU admissions were identified, & average age was 49. Driving pressure groups were examined as <10 cm H2O, 10-14, 15-19, 20-24, and 25 or greater. The percent of females in each subgroup of DP increased with increasing DP (20%, 33%, 41%, 63% and 57% respectively). Mortality increased with increasing DP (27%, 33%, 47%, 51%, and 52% respectively). The logistic regression model (without assigning the DP subgroups) was based on Driving Pressure as a continuous variable with Age, Gender, AKI, and a DP*Gender interaction term as predictors. The values for the variables (model coefficient, p value) were DP: 0.0121, 0.752; AKI: 0.7206, 0.044; Age: 0.04, 0.001; Gender (F vs M): -2.58, 0.025; DP * Gender: 0.128, 0.042, respectively. Conclusions: Despite an interpretation that gender's statistically significant coefficient in conjunction with the insignificant DP coefficient, suggests that Driving Pressure was positively associated with mortality for females, but not males (controlling for the other factors present in the model.) It is unclear from these data, however, as to why female mortality rate increased with increasing DP. Further prospective analyses may be necessary to more accurately determine an associated between female gender and driving pressure.


Highly efficient, one-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions using molecular iodine as the catalyst is described with excellent product yields.


These are supporting research data files for "Controllable Tuning Plasmonic Coupling with Nanoscale Oxidation" article, published in "ACS Nano": 10.1021/acsnano.5b01283.


Nitroreductases (NTR) are members of the NAD(P)H/FMN oxidoreductase that exists widely in bacteria. NTRs have raised a great interest due to their potential in biomedicine, especially in prodrug activation for chemotherapeutic cancer treatments, in bioremediation and enzyme-based biosensors for nitro-sensitive compounds. Thermophilic Bacillus species isolated from hot water springs in Turkey were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The previously identified species, Bacillus paralicheniformis (5NK) and Bacillus paralicheniformis (FMB2) with sequence similarity of 97% and 99.65, respectively, were used. They were all found to possess the putative NADPH nitroreductase genes. Genomic DNAs for isolation of nitroreductase genes were isolated by conventional phenol-chloroform extraction method. The nitroreductase genes from thermophilic Bacillus species were amplified by PCR, using the designed three primer pairs. The corresponding DNA fragments were fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis and PCR products were purified and concentrated for cloning and DNA sequencing.


The paper discusses the demonstration of "four colours guess". The perfect four colours guess is given. And with the use of graph theory , number 4 is proved as the pigmentation point.


With the development of knowledge economy,knowledge staff have played a more and more important role in the existence and development of enterprises.Attracting,retaining and motivating knowledge staff has become an important aspect of human resources management.Organizational identification is a kind of recognition in which individual and organization are in harmony with each other.By enhancing organizational identification of knowledge staff,the organization will improve knowledge staff's loyalty and engagement,and reduce the loss caused by the high mobility of knowledge staff.According to the current situation of knowledge staff management,this thesis will start from knowledge staff's organizational identification,generalize the characteristics of knowledge staff's organization identification,analyze the character feature,work features and need features which cause the characteristics,and put forward the effective approaches in improving knowledge staff's organization identification in order to instruct knowledge staff's management in various enterprises.


In this paper, a phase quantization method named appropriate recursive comparative compensation method (ARCCM) is presented. ARCCM develops on the basis of recursive comparative compensation method (RCCM) using the phased array antenna virtual bit technology (VBT). In allusion to one-dimensional uniform linear array, ARCCM is analyzed and simulated. Compared with other methods, the beam pointing accuracy of the phased array antenna obviously improves by using ARCCM, especially when large angle beam scanning.