Diurnal and seasonal water relations were measured in selected species of a Banksia woodland at a site with groundwater at a depth of 6–7 m. The canopy co-dominants Banksia attenuata and Banksia menziesii exhibited similar patterns of variation in water relations, both diurnally and seasonally. Stomatal conductance was usually 0.4–0.5 cm s−1 diurnally and seasonally and, generally, did not respond to water deficit and other factors. Transpiration was correlated positively with factors indicative of atmospheric evaporative demand, especially total global radiation and pan evaporation, and was highest in summer when canopy water use reached 2.1 mm d−1. Xylem pressure potential at dawn averaged −0.25 MPa in both species throughout the year. Minimum xylem pressure potential varied seasonally and was negatively correlated with transpiration. Seasonal means of minimum xylem pressure potential varied from −1.0 MPa in winter to −1.5 MPa in early summer. Both Banksia species appeared to function as phreatophytes, utilizing groundwater which enabled them to maintain high rates of water use in late summer. Water use over a 12 month period totalled 635 mm, of which the canopy and understorey contributed 61% and 39%, respectively. Water use in the woodland was dominated by the canopy in late summer and the understorey at other times.


Ethics or morality poses questions about how we ought to act and how we should live. It asks, "According to what standards are these actions right or wrong?" It asks, "What character traits (like honesty, compassion, fairness) are necessary to live a truly human life?" It also asks, "What concerns or groups do we usually minimize or ignore? And why might that be?" Admitting our blindness is the beginning of vision.


This study is aimed at the development of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets for application in a fusion experimental device next to the Large Helical Device (LHD). By applying the features of an HTS, high current density and high stability can be balanced. As a candidate conductor, REBCO tapes and pure aluminum sheets are laminated and placed in the groove of an aluminum alloy jacket with a circular cross-section, after joining a lid to the jacket using friction stir welding, and twisting the conductor to homogenize its electrical and mechanical properties. The FAIR conductor derives its name from the processes and materials used in its development: Friction stir welding, an Aluminum alloy jacket, Indirect cooling, and REBCO tapes. Initially, the degradation of the critical current of the FAIR conductor is observed, which was eventually resolved. The development status of the FAIR conductor has been reported.


more thought and discussion by archaeologists than it has received, is devoted to showing that pottery changes are less continuous and gradual than seriation data indicate. She sees the problem mainly in terms of technological change and pays little regard to the nature of stylistic change or the possibility of trends that might be comparable to linguistic drift. The book is concluded with appendices (including a ceramic glossary and suggestions on field methods for paint identification), a good bibliography, and a useful index. Shepard says in the Introduction that effective technological analysis leads directly back to the role of the potter, and she feels that this humanistic aspect is one of ceramic technology's most valuable contributions to archaeology. "In stating the role of ceramic technology, I am inclined," she says, "to stress not its accuracy and reliability, not the data it recovers, not even special advantages for determining the sources and relationships of pottery, for these contributions are recognized, in some measure, at least. Rather, I would bring out the fact that ceramic technology places the human factor in proper perspective." This humanistic spirit is felt throughout the book, and no archaeologist can read it without being forced to think about people.


Background: Several pesticides are currently available on the US market and used on different crops that enter into the human food chain or are used in consumer products, such as food and cigarettes. Some of these pesticides are classified as toxic or carcinogenic to humans. Additionally, little is known about the combined effects of concurrent exposure events. Hence, it is of paramount importance to develop ways to estimate the cumulative, i.e. multi-chemical, exposure to these substances. This study presents a novel approach to estimate the cumulative exposure of the US population to pesticide residues via two routes, foods and tobacco.
Methods: Cumulative dietary exposure assessment was run using CARES NG® cloud-based software. Calculations were based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) consumption surveys and incorporated the residue monitoring data from the Pesticide Data Program (PDP) database. A two-box model and smoking habits recorded in the NHANES survey were used to calculate the exposure to pesticide residues from smoking cigarettes.
Results: The results of both models were combined to estimate the total aggregate and cumulative exposure. The outcomes show that although the exposure levels are well below the regulatory limits, the exposure among children is higher than among adult smokers on the 99th percentile level. Moreover, the exposure in the adult population is twice as high for smokers than non-smokers. Among the studied pesticides, chlorpyrifos is the pesticide with the highest exposure levels.
Conclusions: The model described in this manuscript provides a new general framework, that can be used to assess the impact of a new pesticide on the population in a broader spectrum than the models typically used for such purpose. To our knowledge, it is the first model that combines the estimation of the pesticide exposure from the diet and smoking cigarettes.


Sezen Aksu (a.k.a. Little Sparrow; in Turkish, Minik Serce) has long been considered as the undisputed queen of Turkish popular music. In the 1970s, she became famous for being the first female Tur ...


In this paper, we present the current technical state of ion implantation into a Cr-doped semi-insulating GaAs substrate. It is shown that low dose implantation to form n layer is relatively well understood and already established as a controlled doping technique. Problems encountered in high dose implantation for n+ layer formation are discussed. Emphasis is on the redistribution behavior of Cr during the post-implantation annealing in Cr-doped semi-insulating substrate with the objective to correlate it with the electrical properties of low-dose implanted layer or to illuminate the complicated situation of high-dose implanted layer.


Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) will change how road engineers design road pavements because they can position themselves within a traffic lane, keeping their position in the lane more precisely than human-driven vehicles. These vehicles will have lower lateral wandering, which can induce more damage to pavements, such as cracking and permanent deformation, than the conventional vehicles, with consequences for the infrastructures due to the increased cracking and reduced safety due to the rutting. Thus, it is essential to assess the wander effect on pavement performance to define policies for its implementation on CAV. This paper studies the impact of the lateral wander of the traffic on pavement performance, considering its fatigue and permanent deformation resistance. This impact can be used to define limits for the wander to minimize distresses on the pavement. The results of this study allow us to conclude that for a pavement with a 10 cm asphalt layer, the wander effect is more significant for fatigue life. A pavement life increase of 20% was observed for a wander of 0.2 m, while for 0.6 m, the fatigue life can increase up to 48%. For the permanent deformation, a pavement life increase of 2% for a wander of 0.2 m was observed, but for 0.6 m, the pavement life can be increased up to 34%.


The solar flare beginning at 2356 UT on 24 April 1984 produced a variety of emissions including gamma rays and solar neutrons as measured by earth-orbiting satellite sensors. Between 0000 and 0010 UT on 25 April an increase of 0.7 and 1.7% was recorded by neutron monitors at Tokyo (Itabashi) and Morioka, Japan. Although these stations were located approximately 40/sup 0/ from the sub0solar point, the time coincidence of the increase with the observation of solar neutrons of the SMM satellite indicates the possibility that the increase in the neutron monitor counting rate was associated with the presence of solar neutrons with energies > 400 MeV at the top of the earth's atmosphere. The small increase in the counting rate emphasizes the difficulty in identifying similar events using historical neutron-monitor data.


A simulation code for modeling of an ion beam forming in a linear accelerator injector has been developed in BORLAND PASCAL environment. The code enables to calculate the main beam parameters at the injector output: a total ion beam current and its radial density distribution, a beam divergence, a phase portrait and upper limits of the injector. An algorithm is based on solution of selfconsistent ion moving problem in the total electrostatic field, caused by the ion-optic system electrodes and the beam space charge. The solution is a result of successive approximations. At first a vacuum electric field is calculated, as a result of the finite-difference Laplace equation solution. Then an ion beam dynamics is calculated, solving the ion motion equations by the Runge-Kutta method of the fourth order. The ion beam dynamics enables to find a beam space charge distribution using " a particle-in-cell" method. If an ion space charge is known, then it is possible to calculate more accurately the electric field, solving now the Poisson equation. That process is repeated some times (56 cycles) to get a converging solution. The result of the program processing is ion beam output parameters for given plasma density, an electron temperature, the geometry of ion-optic system and the potentials of its electrodes.


This study aims to determine the growth of pension loans at the Savings and Loans Cooperative in Lhokseumawe. the data obtained or taken is based on the results of interviews conducted at the Nasari Savings and Loans Cooperative in Lhokseumawe using data from 2017 to 2021. The results showed that the growth of pension loans in savings and cooperative loans fluctuated and tended to decline. The author advises the savings and loan cooperative Nasari in Lhokseumawe to reduce the interest rate on pension loans, so that it can compete with other cooperatives and increase credit growth every year.


This paper presents a case study that explored and reflected on the relationship between the beliefs and classroom practices of four English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers in a university language school in Canada related to teacher questions. Data gathered consisted of interviews and classroom observations of all four teachers. The findings revealed that although for the most part the teachers implemented their classroom questioning practices in convergence with their stated beliefs, there were some instances of divergence observed for all teachers. Potential factors contributing to the patterns of convergence and divergence are further explored. In addition, this study found that through the reflective process whereby the teachers articulated and reflected on their beliefs about their use of questions, they became more aware of the meaning and impact of these beliefs on their classroom practices.


This paper explores the contribution of James Bryce as an Assistant Commissioner to the Taunton Commission from 1965 to 1868. It highlights his criticisms of the English middle class and of middle-class education represented in the endowed grammar schools of Lancashire, England. These criticisms were based partly on finely detailed observation of the buildings of these schools in their local and geographical settings. They also drew on acutely developed responses of a sensory and emotive nature relating to a broad sensory register of sight, sound, taste, touch and smell. The paper therefore helps to develop the potential value of sensory history in the history of education well as to provide a detailed examination of middle-class education in England in the 1860s. It also suggests that the realism characteristic of mid-Victorian writing and art may help to shed further light on the nature and experience of schooling in this period.


PURPOSE:To heighten the reliability of a device reduce the number of constitutive parts, reduce cost, and enable a highly accurate operation. CONSTITUTION:A liquid level detector is provided with electric current detecting circuits connected properly to three electrodes 4-6 reaching mutually different liquid levels so as to detect electric currents flowed to the electrodes 5 and 6, an alternating current electric power supply 10 to impress prescribed voltage through the electric current detecting circuits, the electrodes 5 and 6, liquid 2 and the electrode 4 and a coil 9a of a transformer 9. Electrode electric currents are detected by a light-emitting diode of a photocoupler 12, and a liquid level position is detected by an output transistor of the photocoupler 12 which carries out an on-and-off operation according to emission of this light emitting diode, and the electrode circuit side and the control circuit side are also insulated from each other by means of the photocoupler 12.


In this paper, we obtain a new type of inequalities for frames, which are parametrized by a parameter \lambda\in R . By suitable choices of {\lambda}, one obtains the previous results as special cases. Our new proof also makes the underlying mathematical structure that gives rise to these inequalities more transparent than previous approaches: Our proof shows that the main point is the splitting S = S1 + S2 of the positive denite frame operator S into the two positive semidenite operators S1 and S2 .


In order to investigate the microbial mechanism of organic matter transformation and to screen higher active strain and the combination from all the isolated strain in black soils for applying the straw return to fields,increasing soil fertility and exerting the function of microorganism on agricultural ecological system.The incubation experiment was carried out to study the effect of several cellulose-decomposing microorganisms on the soil organic matter transformation.Firstly,14 genera,27 species were identified and three of them were recorded in Jilin of China from 181 black soil samples from April in 2003 to December in 2004.There were 14 genera and 24 species in upper layer soil(0~20 cm) and 11 genera and 19 species in the sub-upper layer soil(20~40 cm).11 genera and 19 species were the same in tested soil.Penicillium and aspergillus were dominant among cellulose-decomposing microorganisms with the relative amount 33.33% and 25.93%,respectively.The capability for decomposing cellulose was different,Penicillium citrinum Thom.,Aspergillus niger v.Tiegh.,Trichoderma harziamum Rifai,Mycol and Trichoderma atroviride P.karsten,Finl were stronger than Rhizopus stolonifer(Ehrenb.)Lind.and Geotrichum candidum Link.The application of fertilizer,especially chemical-organic fertilizer,can increase the number of cellulose-decomposing microorganisms.Four strains were selected from all the isolated strains in black soils in an incubation experiment.The effect of cellulose-decomposing microorganisms on soil organic matter transformation was prominent,which varied with different cellulose-decomposing microorganisms.The interaction effect between different cellulose-decomposing microorganisms in mixed incubation was stronger than the effect of different cellulose-decomposing microorganisms in separate incubation in organic matter transformation.Among the selected four strains,Trichoderma harziamum Rifai,Mycol had more effect on soil organic matter transformation than Trichoderma atroviride P.karsten,Finl,Penicillium citrinum Thom and Aspergillus niger v.Tiegh.


Richard Roberts, MD, says that while some recruiters pressure doctors to sign a contract immediately, it's better to take time to consider an offer carefully.


The invention discloses a bioorganic pesticide fertilizer and a production method thereof. The bioorganic pesticide fertilizer is a mixed product prepared from 70 to 80 percent of decomposed crop stalks or pig breeding fermentation bed padding, 5 to 10 percent of medical stone and 15 to 25 percent of inorganic compound fertilizer through effective microorganism fermentation; and the effective microorganism quantity after the fermentation is 2-3*10 . The production method comprises the following steps of: mixing the decomposed crop stalks or pig breeding fermentation bed padding and the medical stone; adding 5 to 10 percent of inorganic compound fertilizer first, and then adding effective microorganism bacteria for fermentation at normal temperature; and finally adding the rest 10 to 15 percent of inorganic compound fertilizer into the fermented material. The bioorganic pesticide fertilizer produced by the method can improve the yield of crops, has good effect of preventing and controlling crucifer diseases, and can reduce the nitrate content in brassicaceous vegetables and improve quality; in the production process, agricultural waste is further converted, so the environmental protection is facilitated; and the bioorganic pesticide fertilizer has wide application prospect in agriculture, livestock farming and environmental protection.


Knowing the grain angle of structural wood members relative to the direction of loading is important in estimating their mechanical performance. The strength of a structural wood member can vary greatly depending on the orientation of grain, making the understanding of grain angle an essential requirement for machine grading and for structural analysis. Condition assessment of structural wood members using non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques (e.g., microwave/radar, ultrasonic, stress wave, and X-ray) is a major approach for existing wood structures. Among existing NDE techniques, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging offers technical advantages include remote sensing and subsurface sensing. The objective of this paper is to use SAR imaging to quantify the change in grain direction of various size wood dowels relative to the imaging radar. Two wood specimens were produced each 14 in. long with diameters of 1.25 in. and 1.5 in. Each wood specimen was placed vertically inside an anechoic chamber and imaged at different orientations using a 10 GHz SAR system. It was found that the integrated SAR amplitude and amplitude distribution were affected by the grain orientation of the wood specimens. Further analysis was conducted by estimating the area of contour slices of the SAR images taken in the amplitude direction and were used to confirm the findings.


Scleroderma 11 is recognized as a member of the so-called collagen group of diseases, which includes dermatomyositis, disseminated lupus erythematosus, and periarteritis nodosa. The cutaneous and peripheral vascular manifestations of scleroderma are perhaps more widely appreciated by members of the medical profession than are the other widespread, protean components of this interesting disease. The pathological changes in scleroderma consist of a systemic alteration in the connective tissue framework, and it has been demonstrated that practically every organ in the body may be involved by this disease. 3,4,12,19 Since scleroderma is usually a generalized process, Goetz 8 has suggested that progressive systemic sclerosis might perhaps serve as a more descriptive terminology. The disease usually makes its appearance in the fourth or fifth decade of life. The sex incidence is approximately equal, although some feel that there is a slightly higher incidence of the disease in the female. The clinical course of


As personal customized service is accelerating and system networked is spreading, the methods of user authentication have developed. However, even though biometric technology is an innovative technology of user authentication, this field has a lack of systematic studies or researches considerably Therefore, this study conducted an empirical study on influential factors in intention to use of biometric authentication focusing on financial payment service. 18 hypotheses were verified, only four hypotheses were rejected. First of all, transaction convenience, perceived security, and perceived compatibility had a positive effect on performance expectancy and effort expectancy. Second, benefit convenience had a positive effect on effort expectancy but it did not have an effect on performance expectancy. Third, perceived mobility had a positive effect on performance expectancy but it did not have an effect on effort expectancy. Fourth, personal innovativeness did not have a positive effect on both performance expectancy and effort expectancy. Fifth, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, Lastly, the experience of biometric authentication usage and regulation effect by ages showed significant result. This study suggested the practical level implications to use biometric authentication payment in the future and discussed the limitation of the study and henceforth future research. \


Given a finite population P consisting of g good and d defective objects, the problems of hypergeometric group testing (HGT) is concerned with the identification of the d defectives by means of the following test procedure. Any subset X⊂P can be tested with two possible results: (1) either all elements of X are good, or (2) at least one element of X is defective. In the latter case, we have no knowledge as to which ones or how many are defective. In recent years, various algorithms have been proposed to solve this problem with the aim of minimizing the maximum number of tests required. However, no optimal algorithm is known at present for general g and d> 1.
 We define an algorithm s to solve the HGT problem to be an l-set algorithm if throughout the entire process of implementing s, we only need to partition the still unclassified elements of P into at most l sets (P1. ... Pl) where objects in each Pi need not be differentiated from one another. Restricting s to be an l-set algorithm limits the range of useful tests we can make as the amount of information we can keep after each successive tests depends on l. We show that all previously known HGT algorithms are either 1 or 2-set algorithms. By increasing l, we are able to construct some new classes of HGT algorithms which are more efficient than all previously known algorithms. Finally, we are able to construct optimal HGT algorithms for l≤3.


In this paper,the process of extracting caffetannic acid from folium cortex eucommiae was investigated.The results indicated that the yield of caffetannic acid from folium cortex eucommiae have a noticeable improvement with the induction of microwave.Further,the results showed that when choosing water as solvent,the dosage of water is 20%,the cell wall destroyed for three times and each time lasts 30 s,pH value is 5.8,the yield of caffetannic acid would get a higher level.Comparing with the traditional single reflux route of water solute,ethanol or methanol solute,the present methods would decrease the impurities in the products distinctly,and lower the costs obviously.Besides,the present method with high yield.


Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) is widely known due to its nutritional potential, in Pakistan it is only grown at a few agricultural experimental stations. There is no published data about the chemical composition of Pakistani barley varieties; however, research laboratories have studied their agronomical characteristics. The mineral concentration of five Pakistani barley varieties and their soil were studied, namely Sadabahar, Bajawar -2000, Frontier-87, Sonober-96, Soorab-96 and the soil of two agricultural plots, namely Wheat Research Institute Faisalabad and National Agriculture Research Centre Islamabad. The analysis included: 15 macro and micronutrients and they varied in concentration from 0.22-8285.1 mg kg in barley seed and soil concentration in both of above plots varies from 1.63-14719.8 mg kg. Among all the varieties; Sadabahar showed the highest Mg, Zn and Cr content (2686.6, 39.19, 1.22 mg kg) respectively. Bajawar -2000, showed the highest Na, K, Ca, Fe, and Ni content (1768.0, 8285.1, 891.0, 937.02, and 4.56 mg kg) respectively. Frontier-87 showed the highest Ba content (18.58 mg kg), Sonober-96 showed the highest Co, Pb and Cd content (4.41, 1.45, 0.29 mg kg), Sorab-96 showed the highest Al content 39.50 mg/kg. Since all varieties were grown under two environmental conditions i.e. Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad and National Agriculture Research Centre Islamabad. These results may be useful in the food industry for the selection of hull barley varieties for human consumption and to produce substantially mineral contents


It's a beautiful, warm summer afternoon; and I'm outside with a copy of Jung Chang and Jon Halliday's book Mao: The Unknown Story in my lap. I'm looking at Figure 46, which they've captioned "Mao's Bedroom," and given this description: "Mao liked to rule from bed, often summoning his colleagues from their own beds in the middle of the night. Chairs for his Politburo were set out at the foot of his huge book-strewn bed, on which he also romped with his numerous girlfriends." Most of the written record—most of history—reads something like that. There is an exhibit in London this summer at the Hampton Court Palace Royal Chamber, where kings of England made primi ministri in regis cubiculo, or prime ministers of their royal bedchambers, out of their Grooms of the Stool—the emptiers of their chamberpots, who doubled as their pimps. Even better: More than a millennium before Henry VIII, a praepositus sacri cubiculi, or governor of the sacred bedchamber, ran the Roman Empire; and other eunuchs—or bedkeepers—managed the emperors' properties, bodyguards, and armies and looked after the emperors' slave harems. But those traditions are older, and longer, in China. Under the Ming emperors, after 1368, Beijing held an estimated 70,000 eunuchs, with another 30,000 scattered all over the empire, who herded thousands of women into imperial palaces, where they kept records of the pregnancies, pregnancy sicknesses, menstruations, and spontaneous abortions of the emperors' Forbidden City women (Betzig, 2014a). H. sapiens is an adaptable species; and our reproductive variances reflect that, across time and space. In some societies—like our own society—egalitarianism and monogamy are the rule. But in other societies—like the vast majority of societies in the ethnographic, archaeological and historical records—greater political and reproductive skew prevail. Collectors of data in the modern West, both inside and outside of the United States, are likely to find weaker evidence of reproductive variance and its effects. But collectors of data on other contemporary societies—from Latin America, to North Africa, to parts of Asia including China—are likely to find less reproductive egalitarianism, and a less egalitarian distribution of wealth. Ditto for collectors of data with more time depth. As history recedes into archaeology, and archaeology recedes into ethnography, there is less and less evidence of inequality—political, economic, or demographic. But the biases are greater than in modern North American cultures, in almost every case. Over the vast majority of the 5,000to 10,000-year period of history, there has been consistent, strong evidence of reproductive variance among men. In the first books of history, written into the Hebrew Bible, Solomon famously collected 1,000 women; and less famously, he had 88 or more grandchildren by his son and successor ("my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions"), Rehoboam. In Egypt, Rameses II, who was probably the Exodus pharaoh, was crowned in his father's harem ("he furnished me with a female household, a royal harem, identical to the beautiful women of the palace"), and left space in his huge Valley of the Kings tomb for some of his 49 sons. In India, Ashoka, the "Sorrowless" emperor, who covered his empire with Rock Edicts about right moral conduct ("kindness, generosity, truthfulness, purity, gentleness and goodness increase among the people") won his throne over the bodies of 100 brothers. And in China, a Y-chromosome linkage, found in roughly 1 in 200 of all late-20th-century men, has been arguably passed down by the male descendants of Mongol emperor ("For he on honey-dew hath fed, And drunk the milk of Paradise") Kublai Khan (Betzig, 2012, 2013; Zerjal, 2003). Even before history, there was inequality. And some of it shows up in the archaeological record. As early as 100,000 years ago in southern Africa, and after around 50,000 years ago in the Mediterranean Basin, groups of H sapiens left behind grinding and pounding stones, storage facilities, hearths, graves, body ornaments, and Venus figurines—all signs of a more sedentary life. On rivers and tributaries across Asia, in more than 1,000 Upper Paleolithic sites bordered by the Ural Mountains to the east and the Carpathian Mountains to the west,


The need for contextually appropriate and accessible school readiness assessment instruments in South Africa is well documented. The Emotional Social Screening tool for School Readiness (E3SR) screens for emotional and social competencies as a component of school readiness. This competency-based screening instrument was developed as a nine-factor model consisting of 54 items. This research study reports on the psychometric properties and factor structure of the E3SR by exploratory factor analysis. Ten preschool centres registered under the Social Welfare Act in the Cape Town Metropolitan region situated in the high-, middle- and low-socio-economic status (SES) areas constituted the research setting. A pilot study using a survey design was conducted. The E3SR protocols were completed by teachers on Grade R children during the fourth term of the academic year. The data set of 330 protocols satisfied the assumptions for inferential statistics, except for normal distribution. Normality was violated statistically; however, given the time frame, learners were expected to have mastered the competencies measured. Therefore, the violation of normal distribution was supported theoretically. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a six-factor structure, including Emotional maturity, Emotional management, Sense of self, Social skills, Readiness to learn and Communication. All the extracted factors displayed an adequate internal consistency, with a good reliability (α = 0.97). The E3SR can be shortened from 56 to 36 items without losing any important content. The E3SR can supplement formative assessments and enhance communication between role players to build children's emotional and social competencies.


A model has been devised for the orbits of molecular clouds in the Galaxy. The molecular clouds are assumed to be launched from the two-armed spiral-shock wave, to orbit in the Galaxy like ballistic particles with gravitational perturbations due to the density-wave spiral-potential and each cloud is assumed to produce an identical cluster of stars. A comparison of the model with observations suggests that each cloud radiates detectable 12C160 (J = 1 → 0) spectral line radiation from birth to an age of 30 million years and that stars are seen in the cloud 15 million years after its birth. The model has been tested by comparing its predicted velocity-longitude diagram for CO against the observed one for the Galaxy and by comparing the model's predicted surface brightness in the UBV photo metric bands against observed surface photometry for Sb and Sc galaxies.


Objective To evaluate the effect of combined spinal epidural anesthesia in vaginal total hysterectomy.Methods 43 cases which were 29 to 53 years old,48 to 74 kilogram weight and I or Ⅱ in ASA were randomly divided into two groups.There were 21 cases in control group(epidural anesthesia group) and 22 cases in therapy group(combined spinal epidural anesthesia group).Both groups were monitored for vital sign,ECG,SpO2 and drag response in the operation.Results All cases were steady in hemodynamics.There were no significantdifferences in HR,SpO2,ECG between two groups.In the comparison of anesthesia effect,therapy group was superior to control group.The excellent and good rate of the former was 100 percent,the latter' was 80.95 percent.In the control group,some cases had visceral drag responses.In the therapy group,there were no abdominal muscle tension,nausea and vomiting,pain reaction.The anesthesia effect was excellent.Conclusion The application of combined spinal epidural anesthesia in vaginal total hysterectomy is simple,feasable and realiable.


this article discusses public service innovations carried out by local governments to increase public trust in the government. The locus of this research is in the city of Bandung, West Java Province, one of the UNESCO creative city networks. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the innovation of public services carried out by the government to serve the public in creating and innovating so that public trust in the government increases. The research method uses a qualitative method with an inductive approach. Data obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the regional government of Bandung City creates service innovations in the form of facilities to support the creation and innovation of the community, although there are some things that still need to be addressed. The relationship between the government and the community is closer. The role of local government in serving the community to support the potential of community creation and innovation is very important.
Keywords: community; creation; government; innovation; service


Power development plan or PDP is a long-term plan for energy reliability and security. It illustrates how much power plant a country plans to build to meet future demand. At present, one of the great challenges for the system planner is to develop a PDP that can confront with high growth of demand as well as high growth of the renewable energy. As the renewable energy is highly penetrated, it creates high uncertainty and intermittency to the power grid in such a way that, sometimes, typical conventional power plant cannot be quick enough to response. Many recent researches suggest that the energy storage system or ESS should be installed to cope with this problem. This paper proposed a method to develop a PDP considering installation of the ESS. The key factor determining whether a power grid requires a new plant or a new ESS is an index modified from Reserved Margin (RM). To illustrate the advantage of the proposed method, new power development plan (PDP) done by the proposed method is then compared to the Thailand's current plan, PDP2018.


This paper presents a realistic chemical-process optimization problem in detail, and notes the fact of its equivalence to the general nonlinear programming problem. The eight equality constraints that arise are handled by algebraic substitution, and the resulting four-variable problem is solved by a modified form of the Davidon-Fletcher-Powell algorithm. Details of the method are presented including a FORTRAN computer program, and results of two typical cases are summarized.


The circulating levels of glucocorticoid hormones are commonly several orders of magnitude higher than those of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone. Paradoxically, cytosol Type I receptors from a variety of tissues, or recombinant-derived human kidney mineralocorticoid receptors, have essentially indistinguishable affinity for aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol. In vivo, however, though injected corticosterone and aldosterone are equivalently taken up and retained by rat hippocampus or heart, binding of corticosterone is very much lower in classical mineralocorticoid target tissues (kidney, parotid, colon). The genesis of this aldosterone-selectivity in vivo appears to be the expression, in physiologic mineralocorticoid target tissues, of the microsomal enzyme 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βOHSD). Whereas cortisol and corticosterone have affinity for Type I receptors equivalent to


In the distribution grid, flexible resources are becoming an important tool to address challenges from uncertain renewable generation and increasing peak loads. To this end, there exists a need for a dedicated software framework to simulate the active distribution grid operation with flexible resources. The Flexible Distribution Grid Demonstrator (FLEDGE) is presented as a simulation tool which integrates active distribution grid operation with classic power flow studies. This paper outlines the requirements, software architecture and key capabilities of FLEDGE.


Supporting parameters should be determined according to the actual situation of surrounding before we excavate the tunnel,and develop practical construction program to prevent subsidence and convergence distortions.It is necessany for arch construction to support the reinforcement to prevent collapse to ensure construction safety and quality once tunnel deformation generated.


The nascent manganese dioxide suspension was prepared.The mechanism of the removal of(As(Ⅲ)) from water by nascent MnO-2 suspension was studied by kinetics,adsorption isotherm,and pH.The results revealed that the date of adsorption of As(Ⅲ) on the nascent MnO-2 at room-temperature was fit two-order rate equation.In a solution of pH=6.5 Langumiur and Fundlich model can simulate to the adsorption equilibruim.The results of pH value effects showed that it was not characteristic adsorption relation to pKa of H-3AsO-3.


Paper Setup must be in A4 size with Margin: Top 0.7", For Smart Home Appliance Devices (SHAD), a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) utilized for monitoring the condition and controls of SHAD to supervise lighting, warming, security, and investigation. A user confirmation method is required that enables authenticated clients to access SHAD managements for securing SHAD. Providing authentication is a challenging task despite the limited properties of sensor nodes. This proposed Multi-Tier User Authentication Scheme (MTUS) a proficient and security upgraded secret validation with a key acceptance method by utilizing biometrics data as the confirmation factor. Thus, the proposed MTUS method achieves a high-security level by time consumptions, which have 0.454 m sec of improvement of user verification. MTUS comprises of tasks and less time consumptions by existing method of Denial-of-Service(DoS)-Resistant User Authentication (DRUA) systems. Thus, the proposed MTUS method is with Denial-of-Service(DoS)-Resistant User Authentication (DRUA) existing systems. The MTUS proposal increases the demonstration of the system by reducing SHAD traffic, guarding against DRUA assaults, and increasing the battery lifetime. Subsequently, the usefulness and execution of the whole system are improved.


CBR has been successfully applied to the areas of planning, diagnosis, law and decision making among others. It uses useful prior cases to solve the new problems. CBR must accurately retrieve similar prior cases for getting a good performance. Throughout this thesis The Novel Case Base Indexing Model based on Power Set Tree has been introduced. A custom solution designed and built to find the unique combinations for each case in a Case Base. Then use these unique combinations to build the Case Base Index. Finally, a better algorithm has been built to balance the resources consumptions and harness them to serve the purpose of finding the unique combinations for large cases that has more than 38 finding.


The paper contains the estimates from above of the principal curvatures of the solution to some curvature equations. A correction of the author's previous argument is presented.


In this study a comparative evaluation of pyelography, renal angiography and renal scintigraphy in diagnosing renal tumor was made on 60 subjects. Hypernephroma was most frequently diagnosed by angiography (96%), followed by pyelography (85%) and scintigraphy (65%). Of pelvic tumors, 78% of them were diagnosed by pyelography, 78% by angiography and 50% by scintigraphy. Wilms' tumors that could not be diagnosed by pyelography could be diagnosed either by angiography or by scintigraphy. These results suggest that, in diagnosing renal tumors prior to operation, the application of one of these three methods is not sufficient, and examinations with all of them will be necessary to succeed.


Previous studies have demonstrated that the circularly cross-polarized light can significantly improve subsurface imaging contrast. We have shown in this study that such improvement is strongly influenced by sample optical properties.


In the present study, examination of fractured gas turbine blades (stage III of GT-2A) with identification
numbers 23, 39, 40, 49, 453 and 485 was carried out by different characterization methods. Extensive SEM fractography studies on all the fractured surfaces of ruptured blades indicated that surface crack initiation and propagation at the leading edge was by fatigue mechanism as evidenced by striations, rubbing marks and secondary cracks (which are characteristic features of normal fatigue) whereas the crack propagated thereafter through inter-dendritic/inter-granular path as evidenced by large amount of interdendritic/intergranular facets. Since no corrosion products were found on the pressure side/suction side surfaces, it was believed that hot corrosion was not responsible for the present failure. Further,
no features like impact with a foreign object were found thus ruling out the possibility of FOD (foreign object damage).
Microstructural characterization revealed that there were some significant changes/damages in the microstructure of
these blades after service exposure (but these changes alone cannot result in creep failure). Almost all blades, exhibited
gamma prime dissolution band at both concave and convex surfaces, in addition to coarsening of gamma/gamma prime,
formation of chain of precipitates, coarsening of precipitates. Though the hardness tests indicated considerable
hardening effect due to ageing of these blades at high temperatures over a period of time (further ruling out the creep
phenomena as the cause of failure), the stress rupture tests did not reveal any significant reduction in the stress rupture
life. Based on the results obtained in the present investigation, it can be concluded that the blades were subjected to
surface overheating (above the gamma prime dissolution temperature) for a very short period of time. Because of this,
the surface edges lost the gamma prime (i.e. dissolved into the gamma matrix). This is a serious problem because all the
mechanical properties would be impaired if the precipitates of gamma prime are dissolved into the matrix at surface. Due
to this, fatigue cracks were initiated at the leading edge surfaces and further propagated by inter-dendritic/inter-granular (IG) fracture mechanism. No creep/hot corrosion/FOD was noticed. Therefore the primary cause of failure was surface overheating for a very short period of time and the secondary cause of failure is normal fatigue followed by IG cracking.


Abstract Objectives: Based on a multidimensional perspective, this study aimed to assess the heterogeneous health latent classes of older Chinese, and further examined the effects of health latent classes and associated factors on healthcare utilization. Methods: Data came from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2014. Latent class analysis was adopted to identify heterogeneous health latent classes by health indicators of physical, psychological, and social dimensions. Two-part models were used to evaluate the impact of health latent classes and socio-demographic factors on outpatient and inpatient utilization. Results: Among 2,981 participants aged 65 and over without missing health indictors, four health latent classes were identified and labeled as "Lacking Socialization" (10.4%), "High Comorbidity" (16.7%), "Frail Group" (7.7%), and "Relatively Healthy" (65.1%). Among 1,974 participants with complete information, compared with the Relatively Healthy group, those in the Lacking Socialization group costed more inpatient expenditure (p-value =0.02). Those in the High Comorbidity and Frail groups tended to use healthcare services and costed more outpatient expenditure (all p-value <0.01). After controlling for health latent classes, the effects of age, gender, marital status, education, residence area, occupation, and health insurance on healthcare utilization were significant. Conclusions: Four heterogeneous health latent classes were identified by multidimensional health, and had significant effects on healthcare utilization. After controlling for health latent classes, different effects of socio-demographic factors on healthcare utilization were found. It enhances our understanding of heterogeneous health and complex healthcare demands in older Chinese, and is valuable for improving healthcare resource allocation targeted for healthy aging.


Thank you for downloading the interpretation of murder a novel. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this the interpretation of murder a novel, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer. the interpretation of murder a novel is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the the interpretation of murder a novel is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Through laboratory soil tests,clay content was obtained by densitometer and clay plasticity index was measured with liquid plastic combine tester,which were both analyzed by linear regression method.The equation of linear regression between clay content and clay plasticity index was deduced,which could be used to deduce clay content with plasticity index of cohesive soil.This achievement will provide reliable basis for engineering evaluation of soil.


Abstract Background In mCRPC pts unselected for homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), promising activity was seen with combination programmed death 1 inhibitor pembro and OLA in the phase 1b/2 KEYNOTE-365 study (NCT02861573), warranting further investigation in this population. KEYLYNK-010 (NCT03834519) is a phase 3, randomized, open-label trial to evaluate efficacy and safety of pembro plus OLA in molecularly unselected ENZA- or ABI-pretreated pts with mCRPC whose disease progressed with CTx. Trial design Eligible pts (≥18 years) must have histologically confirmed mCRPC and prior treatment (tx) with ABI or ENZA (but not both) and prior tx with CTx (1 prior docetaxel-based regimen). Pts must have an ECOG PS of 0/1, adequate organ function, and tumor tissue for biomarker analysis. Pts will be randomly assigned 2:1 to receive pembro 200 mg intravenously Q3W plus OLA 300 mg orally twice daily or ABI 1000 mg orally once daily plus prednisone/prednisolone 5 mg orally twice daily (for ENZA-pretreated pts) or ENZA 160 mg/day orally (for ABI-pretreated pts). Arms will be stratified per prior tx (ABI/ENZA) and presence of measurable disease (yes/no). Responses will be assessed by CT/MRI and radionuclide bone imaging per PCWG-modified RECIST v1.1 by blinded independent central review (BICR) Q9W during the first year and Q12W thereafter. Tx will continue with up to 2 years of pembro (35 cycles) and OLA or ABI/ENZA until radiographic disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. Primary end points are overall survival and radiographic progression-free survival. The key secondary efficacy end point is time to initiation of subsequent anticancer therapy or death. Other secondary end points are objective response rate and duration of response per PCWG-modified RECIST v1.1 by BICR, time to first symptomatic skeletal event, and safety and tolerability. Prognostic or predictive molecular biomarkers (eg, genomic HRD status) will be explored. Approximately 780 pts will be enrolled. Clinical trial identification NCT03834519; February 8, 2019. Editorial acknowledgement Medical writing and/or editorial assistance was provided by Matt Grzywacz, PhD, of the ApotheCom pembrolizumab team (Yardley, PA, USA). This assistance was funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA. Legal entity responsible for the study Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA. Funding Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA. Disclosure E. Yu: Advisory / Consultancy: Merck, Bayer, Amgen, Pharmacyclics, Seattle Genetics; Research grant / Funding (self): Merck, Agensys, Dendreon, Seattle Genetics, Taiho, Daiichi-Sankyo; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Merck, Bayer, Amgen, Pharmacyclics, Seattle Genetics. J. Kim: Full / Part-time employment: Merck & Co., Inc.; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Merck & Co., Inc. E.S. Antonarakis: Honoraria (self), Research grant / Funding (self): Janssen, Sanofi, Dendreon, AstraZeneca, Clovis, Merck; Advisory / Consultancy: Astellas, Medivation, ESSA, Eli Lilly; Research grant / Funding (self): Johnson & Johnson, Genentech, Novartis, BMS; Non-remunerated activity/ies, Patent holder: Qiagen. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.) has long been used as a medicine by North American Indian tribes. A monograph of Scutellariae lateriflorae herba was included in the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia in 2009. This raw material is very popular in North America because of its sedative action. It is also highly valued in Australia, while in Europe, it has been widely used until now in the United Kingdom. The main components of the herb of this plant species include flavonoids specific for the Scutellaria genus, mostly baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, scutellarin. They are accompanied by other groups of compounds: diterpenoids – neoclerodan derivatives, γ-aminobutyric acid, melatonin, serotonin, catalpol, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoid glycosides (mostly verbascoside) and essential oil. Studies of chemical composition and investigation of medicinal activity of this raw material confirmed its uses known from North American folk medicine. Study results proved most of all a significance of flavonoid compounds present in the raw material for its documented biological activity. The aim of the paper is to review the present knowledge on chemical composition and medicinal significance of this very valuable plant. The research team from the Department of Pharmaceutical Botany JU MC initiated biotechnological studies of this species. Its microshoots successfully grown in vitro produce considerable amounts of specific flavonoids (mostly baicalin and wogonoside) and verbascoside, and in future they can be an alternative rich source of these compounds for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.


This paper is intended to start with a brief background on pedestrian/crowd modelling history and background followed by its evolving development in multiple dimensions. Then through presentation of some relevant case studies in which the authors have personally been involved, it will be demonstrated how the application of this crowd planning and modelling tool and technique on a wide spectrum of real life problems have provided practical solutions at various stages of planning, design and operation. Both first principle based approach of static analysis as well as micro-simulation based approach on simulating the crowd flow behaviour will be discussed in the paper. It will be further described how the tool is used for normal circumstances as well as emergency situations and robust planning for such circumstances. The paper will cover how the outputs from this tool can be manipulated in different forms and used for various stages of planning of a new infrastructure, design iterations and refinement, setting up efficient operation and management plans, presentation before stakeholders, etc. An emphasis will be given on the safety considerations too, and how the analysis of outputs from the pedestrian modelling can lead to determine the operational safety over a physical space and during special events. Finally an overview of the application of pedestrian modelling for various types of land use development and its success in fulfilling various conflicting objectives and informing the value engineering process will be discussed. The paper will conclude with a brief description the ongoing developments in the pedestrian modelling aspects, its current and forthcoming challenges and its potential application on other multitude of options with a view to achieve planning robustness and efficiency.


Recently, scholars have shown an increasing interest in comparing the resurrection appearances of Jesus with contemporary accounts of Christic visions, the aim being to show a line of formal continuity between them. Phillip Wiebe avers that neither Jesus's resurrection appearances nor these contemporary events are explicable on a scientific basis alone, and require a mysterious X-factor in order to justify them fully. I argue that the physicalist stance taken in the later Gospel narratives does not belong to this trajectory, and that the visionary import of the earlier accounts, with which modern Christic visions do have something in common, does not necessarily require the supernaturalist explanation suggested.


Cultivating normal school students'correct professional values of teaching can affect their choice of teaching career, help them to establish the occupational beliefs and form a good professional affection and happiness. This is beneficial to the future development of their profession and the development of educational career. In view of this, while cultivating in the normal students the right attitudes towards the world and life, the teacher education should also guide them to think about the future teaching career, strengthen the education of professional aspirations and professional ethics, and pay attention to the cultivation of the teaching profession emotions and the shaping of professional role. All of these will help the normal school students to establish the correct educational values and professional values of teaching.


A complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) readout integrated circuit(ROIC) for the sensitive material of vanadium dioxide(VO_2) was introduced.The ROIC is simply configurable which is adaptable to large-scale focal plane arrays,and has excellent low-noise performance,which can effectively reduce the influence of changes in the substrate temperature and depress some low-frequency noise.The readout circuit has successfully been applied for prototypes of 32×32 element microbolometric focal plane arrays(FPAs).


The orbit accuracy requirements for a Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar (GEOSAR) are studied. Compared to telecommunication GEO satellites' station keeping needs, focusing the GEOSAR synthetic aperture demands a more accurate orbital determination. For this reason, the most suitable Precise Orbit Observation (POB) techniques are considered.Several radar tracking techniques fulfil the accuracy requirements while presenting a trade-off problem in terms of cost an operation. GNSS allow for precise autonomous navigation even at high orbits like GEO. Optical observation techniques perform well in order to calibrate other tracking systems.Interferometry stands out since it can be used taking advantage of present illuminators of opportunity. A ground interferometer is being designed and built in order to provide experimental measurements which will serve as proof of concept.


A book which tells the story of the American billboard in detail, reproducing a selection of vintage photographs in a special billboard-shaped format.


Kudos to Sweden for its 11 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. From the comfort of the BJSM media centre in Vancouver, Sweden was first prominent via triple (and full set) swimming medalist, freestyle and butterfly swimmer Sarah Sjostrom. A big story in the middle of the Games was Sweden giving the US women's football team marching orders in a penalty shoot-out. No-one who saw it will forget Lisa Dahlkvist's ice-cool head (and smile) as she waited to take the match-winning penalty, while the opposing goalie delayed the moment of truth with some essential glove repair work. Whistle! BOOM! Goal!

And speaking of fearless, sangfroid, Sweden showed bike wizardry to medal on the road and in the mountain (Emma Johansson and Jenny Rissveds). BJSM commends all the SFAIM …


Submitted for the MAR17 Meeting of The American Physical Society Undoped strained germanium quantum wells towards spin qubits GIORDANO SCAPPUCCI1, AMIR SAMMAK2, LAREINE YEOH3, DIEGO SABBAGH, QuTech / Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, SONIA CONESA-BOJ, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, SEBASTIAN KOLLING, Eindhoven University of Technology, PETER ZAUMSEIL, GIOVANNI CAPELLINI4, IHP — Germanium is emerging as a promising material to implement spin qubits because of the key properties of high carrier mobility, strong spin-orbit coupling, long spin coherence times and compatibility with silicon technology. We report the deposition of undoped strained Ge/SiGe quantum wells of high structural quality in a reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition tool. Structural analysis of the Ge/SiGe heterostructures confirm sharp interfaces, full relaxation of the virtual substrate, and coherent deposition of the strained quantum well. Furthermore, we will discuss architectures towards the development of CMOS compatible spin qubits in laterally defined Ge quantum dots.


Renal dysfunction can have pronounced effects on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of drugs. Because the exploration of these effects in patients may be limited by ethical and practical considerations, it often become necessary to perform studies on animals with experimental renal failure(ERF). ERF was produced in rats by the administration of uranyl nitrate, glycerol, salicylate, gentamicin and folate in this study. Changes in glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and renal secretion clearance of tetraethylammonium bromide, together with morphological changes of kidney cortex were evaluated and compared among ERF models. GFR(or glomeruli) and (or renal tubules) were not damaged parallelly in some ERF model rats. Therefore, it seemed to be necessary to adjust dosage regimen of some basic drugs like TEA in renal dysfunction considering the functional changes of renal secretion in addition to glomerular filtration.


Sociological theories of occupational mobility have incorporated two sets of assumptions about occupational aspiration. One position is that men are oriented toward career-long advancement; another views men as oriented to stabilizing or modestly improving their occupational rank. A career orientation anchorage model of mobility orientations treats different levels of occupational aspiration as outcomes of a single mechanism, suggesting that different levels need not be treated as determined by separate processes. Middle-level managers holding each type of mobility orientation are located by a Career Orientations Anchorage Scale, and differences between managers with contrasting career orientation anchorages are examined. Several variables, especially age, appear to affect career orientation anchorage.


Galileo Galilei's celebrated contributions to astronomy are used as case studies in the psychology of scientific discovery. Particular attention was devoted to the involvement of foresight, insight, oversight, and hindsight. These four mental acts concern, in divergent ways, the relative degree of " sightedness " in Galileo's discovery process and accordingly have implications for evaluating the blind-variation and selective-retention (BVSR) theory of creativity and discovery. Scrutiny of the biographical and historical details indicates that Galileo's mental processes were far less sighted than often depicted in retrospective accounts. Hindsight biases clearly tend to underline his insights and foresights while ignoring his very frequent and substantial oversights. Of special importance was how Galileo was able to create a domain-specific expertise where no such expertise previously existed—in part by exploiting his extensive knowledge and skill in the visual arts. Galileo's success as an astronomer was founded partly and " blindly " on his artistic avocations. The investigation closes by briefly discussing Antonie van Leeuwenhoek's similar creation of microscopic biology. This parallel case indicates that Galileo's telescopic astronomy was probably not unique as an illustration of how scientific discovery works in practice. Galileo Galilei 1 is widely counted among the greatest scientific geniuses who ever lived. In Murray's (2003) historiometric evaluations of 1,445 significant scientists, Galileo scored 89, second only to Newton's 100. Although Galileo's contributions to physics were certainly stellar, his discoveries in astronomy are what really set him apart from other scientists of comparable greatness. For example, according to Murray's assessments Galileo placed fifth among 218 significant physicists, receiving a score of 83, with Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein tied for first place with scores of 100 each. However, among 124 significant astronomers, Galileo came in first, with a score of 100, followed by Johannes Kepler in second place with a score of 93. Galileo's top rating in astronomy matches not just those of Newton and Einstein in physics, but also the 100 points credited to What makes Galileo's astronomical observations especially striking is that every major discovery can be replicated by an amateur astronomer using a telescope purchased at a local toy store. Anybody can see for themselves the mountains of the Moon, the four main satellites of Jupiter, the phases of Venus, the rings of Saturn, the spots on the Sun, and the star clusters of the Milky Way. 2 Furthermore, Galileo's pioneering observations eventually spurred him to advocate overtly …


An extremely rare case of primary benign neurogenic tumour of the duodenum that determined a picture of severe digestive haemorrhage is reported.


In the context of a tormented Middle East geopolitics and the ongoing Arabo-Israeli conflict, a civil war erupted in Lebanon in 1975 and went uninterrupted for fifteen long years. As early as the first two-years-round of civil war in 1975-77, violent armed conflict manifested itself in an urban nature and contextualized in the capital Beirut. Back then, the civil war targeted systematically the public spaces and achieved purposefully the dual objective of mutating social practice and mutilating their urban form into a geography of fear. Intriguingly, during the unreconciled civil war aftermath, the display of instability and conflict kept on marking sporadically the same public spaces at different incidents. Three decades following the eruption of urban violence in 1975, intermittent events of social and political nature took place between 2005 and 2015, triggered by the assassination of the prime minister. This paper will tackle the two case studies of public spaces which are the pivots of the recurrent warscape: Place des Martyrs and the seaside hotels' area, both symbols of social and geographic contestations at simultaneous times of peace and war. Based on an interdisciplinary literature, the socio political manifestations will be highlighted by unfolding them across time and space. Signs of discontentment and instability are manifested under different facets and patterns varying from passive intangible representations to active outbursts. The perpetuation of events hitherto occurring in the same urban spaces will be studied from the perspective of the social and political realities. In the absence of a mono-causal factor for warscape recurrence, mapping conflict in the urban space is a suggested tool to approach the perpetuation issue from a context-specific perspective. It is as well an opportunity to raise the question on the relation between the socio-political claims and their reverberation in the same urban spaces.


Noise and instability in television pictures resulting from power-line synchronization are becoming a greater problem as networks expand. Some of the inherent difficulties and their causes are discussed in this article.


The optical system of the Del'fin 1 facility is described and results are presented of preliminary experiments on the laser heating of spherical targets of ~ 300 μ diameter. The laser radiation energy was ~ 700 J (at the target), the divergence was ~ 3.5×10−4 rad, the contrast ratio was better than 106, and the duration was ~ 2 nsec. It was found that plasma temperatures of 800–1000 eV were achieved experimentally.


In the presence of multilateral negotiations, are preferential trade agreements (PTAs) necessary for, or will they necessarily lead away from, global free trade? This question is explored using a novel dynamic network theoretic model where countries are farsighted and asymmetric in terms of market size. When two countries have a PTA, one member's formation of an additional PTA may create incentives for its original partner to form a PTA with its new partner. When considering forming an additional PTA, the current member therefore recognizes the potential for erosion of its preferential access in both partner markets. This fear of preference erosion undermines its willingness to form the additional PTA. Global free trade is attained when countries fear of preference erosion is su ciently small. Even when countries are symmetric in terms of market size, the discount factor determines the importance of preference erosion. Since greater asymmetry increases rents protected by members, preference erosion becomes more costly and the scope for global free trade falls. However, under high enough asymmetry, some future PTAs do not form. This eliminates the fear of preference erosion for certain countries and dramatically increases the extent to which PTAs are necessary for global free trade. The model provides insights into the dynamics of recent trade negotiations involving the US. It also suggests that the ambiguities inherent in GATT Article XXIV may actually promote global free trade.


Bulk reconstruction in anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory is fundamental to our understanding of quantum gravity. We show that contrary to popular belief, bulk reconstruction is rather simple and intuitive.


Thank you very much for reading diagnostic criteria for cardiovascular pathology acquired diseases. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this diagnostic criteria for cardiovascular pathology acquired diseases, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their laptop.


With the recent introduction of multirow detector systems, helical computed tomography (CT) imaging of the heart has gained renewed interest. A major benefit of such systems is that the entire human heart can be depicted in thin tomographic slices within a single breath-hold. The advent of flat-panel radiographic detectors has opened a new avenue of imaging technology research, including use of such detectors for x-ray CT. With a prototype flat-panel CT system (VCT, GE Global Research), an entire …


The study aims to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight in school children from 6 to 10 years of Montes Claros and verify their possible association with socioeconomic status. The sample consisted of 1306 children, 654 females and 652 males anthropometric assessment of weight and height. The BMI was classified by adopting a cutoff percentile 85 and 95. For the socio economic was used a biosocial questionnaire. The data showed no significant differences in comparisons of morphological variables between the sexes, with respectively, for boys and girls, an average of 28.94 and 29.18 in body mass, 131.03 and 131.67 and 16.66 in height and 16.60 in BMI. Among the sample was within 74% of normal levels of BMI, 18.2% were overweight and 7.8% were considered obese. Children with the highest socioeconomic level have significantly higher mean BMI than those of low and medium levels. The etiology of obesity in children is unknown, but it is known that both environmental factors and genetic factors are involved.


We present recent studies on the impact of atmospheric turbulence on free-space links using either synchronous or nonsynchronous detection. We compare options for atmospheric compensation, including phase compensation and diversity combining techniques. We consider the effects of log-normal amplitude fluctuations and Gaussian phase fluctuations, in addition to local oscillator shot noise, for both passive receivers and those employing active modal compensation of wave-front phase distortion. We compute error probabilities for M-ary phase-shift keying, and evaluate the impact of various parameters, including the ratio of receiver aperture diameter to the wave-front coherence diameter, the number of diversity channels, and the number of modes compensated.


Shaoxing Caoejiang Paojiang bridge is a steel pipe-encased concrete bridge that has three span half-through multiple arches.The article introduces the primary design idea of upper structure cable hoisting scheme.The load program of multiple arch bridge,the design and the construction method of temporary tie bar are also introduced in the article.


Quail egg is one of the potential livestock products in Indonesia. Increased egg production often used antibiotics. Utilization of antibiotics has a negative effect on consumers that can increase bacterial resistance. It is necessary to study the alternative feed that is probiotics to improve the quality of livestock products. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Marolis probiotics on the performance and egg quality of Japanese quail. This study used 24 laying quails aged 9 wk, and each treatment consisted of six quails as control treatment without probiotic and probiotic treatment with a concentration of 0.1 mL, 0.2 mL, and 0.3 mL. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, productivity, egg weight, egg index, shell thickness, yolk weight, yolk index, Haugh unit, yolk color, and egg yolk cholesterol were measured. The results showed that probiotics significantly influence weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg index, egg yolk index, and eggshell thickness. Treatment of probiotics of 0.1 mL gave significant results (p < 0.05) on quail performance. Except for productivity, probiotic treatment of 0.2 mL has a significant effect on the egg index. All concentrations of probiotic treatment were given significant effect on yolk index. Treatment of 0.2 mL probiotics gave the best results on all parameters except skin thickness. In conclusion, administration of Marolis probiotics have a significant effect on increased body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg index, egg yolk index, and eggshell thickness. The concentration of probiotics that provided best results was 0.2 mL.Quail egg is one of the potential livestock products in Indonesia. Increased egg production often used antibiotics. Utilization of antibiotics has a negative effect on consumers that can increase bacterial resistance. It is necessary to study the alternative feed that is probiotics to improve the quality of livestock products. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Marolis probiotics on the performance and egg quality of Japanese quail. This study used 24 laying quails aged 9 wk, and each treatment consisted of six quails as control treatment without probiotic and probiotic treatment with a concentration of 0.1 mL, 0.2 mL, and 0.3 mL. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, productivity, egg weight, egg index, shell thickness, yolk weight, yolk index, Haugh unit, yolk color, and egg yolk cholesterol were measured. The results showed that probiotics significantly influence weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg index, egg yolk index, and eggshell thickness...


Mr. Larry Malone (2 Ward Council Member) introduced himself, Kyle Davies and his son Theo Malone. He said Kyle and Theo approached him about the possibility of being young entrepreneurs this summer and operating the snack shop next to the tennis courts in Wilber Park for a very modest concession. He said if there was any growth potential there some of their young colleagues might help run it under the supervision of Mark Davies, Kyle's dad and himself. He said he was asking the commission how their doing that could possibly happen.


Companion Care's graduate programme aims to develop the business and clinical skills of vets, equipping them to become future partners, explains the group's training and development manager, Colin Moffatt


There are two main ways to reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions: energy efficiency improvement and in- crease usage of renewable energy sources. Taking these two main ways into account, it is possible to analyze the main drivers of GHG emissions in the country and to make forecast of future GHG emissions based on historical trends. The Visegrad group (V4) countries, including Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Czech Republic were selected to provide comparative assessment of their GHG emission drivers and to evaluate effects of climate change mitigation policies in energy sector on GHG emission trends. The Kaya identity approach was applied allowing to perform simple multiplication. Kaya identity equation substitutes the factors with well- established and measurable quantities, which leave little space for ambiguity. The multiplying population size by GDP per capita, energy intensity, and carbon intensity of energy allows to get total GHG emissions in the country and define its energy efficiency or use of renewables are the main drivers of GHG emissions, including the effect of economic growth expressed by GDP per capita.


Most of the cases of early‐onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) are related to missense mutations in the presenilin 1 (PS‐1) gene on chromosome 14. Although PS‐1 mutations are distributed throughout the entire open reading frame, most mutations are found in transmembrane region II and hydrophilic loop VI encoded by exons 5 and 8, respectively. These two groups of substitutions are associated with an age of onset of 40–43 years for exon 5 and 45–55 years for exon 8, respectively. We have previously described a South American pedigree from Argentina with early‐onset FAD (mean age of onset 38.9 ± 3.9 years) with no mutations in exons 16 and 17 of the β‐protein precursor gene (βPP770 transcript). Here we report the identification of an A±T transversion at the first position of codon 146 of PS‐1 in these patients. This missense mutation results in a Met ± Leu substitution, as reported for the Italian pedigrees Tor 1.1 and FAD4. The significant differences in ages of onset and death among members of generations II—III and IV suggest that other genetic and/or environmental factors may influence disease phenotype in this pedigree.


This paper approaches the geotechnical aspects of unsaturated and collapsible soils that affect foundations structures and earthworks, causing pathologies in various constructions in Brazil. Thus, to analyze the soil properties were used samples collected from the Experimental Site of Soil Mechanics and Foundations of Unicamp. The tests were performed in the laboratory of soils mechanics at Faculty of Civil Engineering, where the tests of characterization, direct shear, collapse potential, and MCT classification were carried out. The results of the research show that the analyzed soil is potentially collapsible and has a laterite clayey soil behavior.


This thesis examines how global and local governance has combined to deliver effective and sustainable public transportation in cities by comparing Bogotá's bus rapid transit (BRT) system, TransMilenio, with Medellín's mass transit system, STIMVA, often referred to as Metro de Medellín. After considering the rationales used to justify local and global authority over climate change, this analysis problematizes the supposed benefits of empowering global and local actors by highlighting the conflicts of interest that plague the elites who mediate the global and the local. In analyzing the global and local interactions, this work draws from extensive literature to highlight three potential risks of global governance that inhibit the benefits of empowering local actors to govern on climate change issues. The technocratic risk, where global actors encourage local governments to emphasize technical planning to the detriment of reading local opinion, the political risk, when political leaders hinge their careers on the transport system while also drawing on global validation that sets the system on precarious ground, and the neoliberal risk, where cities brand themselves to the point of emphasizing symbolic over systemic change in order to compete in the global capital market. Examining these risks helps to explain how the presence of multilateral governance during the creation of TransMilenio may have contributed to the lack of local support for the system as mayors relied too heavily on the political authority and technocratic rationales of global institutions. In contrast, the cases of Medellín and the Enrique Peñalosa's second term in Bogotá, showcase the neoliberal risk as the multilevel governance system promotes city branding and empowers elite and private actors.


The quadratic configuration interaction calculation in the Gaussian‐2 second‐order Mo/ller–Plesset perturbation theory approach, G2(MP2), is replaced by a coupled‐cluster (CC) singles and doubles calculation including a perturbational estimate of the triples excitations. In addition, the self‐consistent‐field (SCF) and MP2 geometry optimizations and SCF frequency calculation in the G2(MP2) approach are replaced by a density functional theory geometry optimization and frequency calculation [using the Becke three parameter hybrid functional with the Lee–Yang–Parr non‐local correlation functional (B3LYP)] in the proposed G2(B3LYP/MP2/CC) approach. This simplification does not affect the average absolute deviation from experiment, but decreases the maximum error compared with the G2(MP2) approach. The G2(B3LYP/MP2/CC) atomization energies are compared with those obtained using the B3LYP approach, and the G2(B3LYP/MP2/CC) model is found to be more reliable, even if the B3LYP calculations are performed using a ...


A non-contact three-parameter electromagnetic method for measuring magnetic susceptibility κ, electrical conductivity χ, and temperature t of a ferrofluid sample is proposed. Theoretical principles of the operation of the inductive parametric electromagnetic transducer (IPET) with a sample of ferro-fluid are considered. As a result of studies of the universal functions of transformation of the IPET with a sample of the ferro-fluid, the theoretical provisions of the work of the IPET were further developed, which are related to the possibility of estimating the static parameters of the magnetic fluid.  Because record of the effect of eddy currents leads to the need to determine three parameters of magnetic fluids with only one IPET, the necessity of using an inductive IPET switching circuit with a ferro-fluid sample, which provides for compensation of interfering external inductance L1 using a compensating capacitance P567 to improve the accuracy of measurements of the physical and chemical parameters of magnetic fluids, has been proved. The operation of the circuit is based on the fact that the eddy EMF excites a magnetic flux in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, which is added geometrically with the excited magnetic flux from an external source, creating the resulting magnetic flux Ф2t  in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, while the resulting magnetic flux decreases in magnitude and shifts by the phase angle in relation to the excited magnetic flux, all this leads to a change in the components of the signals of the IPET, that is: inductance Lit and resistance Ω2t, which are associated with the physicochemical parameters κ, χ and t of the magnetic fluid sample.
In further studies, in order to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment of a mini-brewery, it is recommended to use a magnetic fluid in complex cleaning methods that involve the use of magnetic fluids in filters for post-treatment of wastewater from food production of acidic and alkaline composition.


Acknowledgments. Prologue. 1 Glimpses of a Shattered Past. 2 The Past Disinterred. 3 Benny and Daddy. 4 Hands across the Holocaust. 5 A Tale of Til. 6 Erica in Berlin. 7 Lotte's Love. 8 Rena. 9 London. 10 Rena's Class and the Voyage of the St. Louis. 11 A New Direction. 12 "Wiedersehen," Not Good-bye. 13 The Family Namgalies. 14 An Interview with Jochen. 15 An Interview with Erica. 16 Heidelberg. Epilogue.


An extremely rare case of primary extragenital granuloma inguinale affecting the axillae is reported. Clinical, histological, and electron microscopical features of the disease are described, and the rarity, absence of genital lesions, and consequent difficulty in diagnosis are emphasised.


Based on the acupuncture variation known as Wrist-Ankle Acupuncture (WAA), a new acupuncture therapy known as Floating Acupuncture (FA) was used to treat 48 subjects with lateral epicondylitis. Results were compared with routine acupuncture (RA) used to treat 45 control subjects. Results showed that FA produced better initial analgesia and a much higher recovery rate than RA. Observations suggest that FA may function via a different mechanism than RA.


Information is an assumption for modern finance. The Efficient Market Hypothesis uses information to back its case of efficiency. The EMH case is weak, but as Martin Swell (2011) explains, until a flawed hypothesis is replaced by better hypothesis, criticism is of limited value. This paper challenges the information assumption in EMH based on the idea laid out first by Kenneth E. Boulding (1966), highlights the body of work discussing information relevance, information irrelevance, information content since Ball and Brown (1968) and illustrates how 'Mean Reversion Framework' (2015) can be used to re-explain the transformation of information from relevance to irrelevance, also referred to as the 'Reversion Diversion Hypothesis'.


In article basic provisions of the project of preservation and development of cultural and spiritual heritage of Stavropol edge short are reflected. In article the strategic directions of preservation and development of cultural and spiritual heritage of Stavropol Krai, providing a base basis in development of the concept of cultural, national and educational policy to Stavropol Territory are defined.


In order to develop portable parallel software a. reasonable abstraction from parallel hardware is necessary. Over the last few years, such abstractions have become available in the form of communication libraries. In this paper we first look at the mapping of parallel programs onto networks and we show how this can be generalized into a small but powerful communication library. The focus of the discussion is on the derivation of the processes implementing the library. During the design, efficiency is a key issue. In particular, we pursue a low latency for communications by avoiding buffering as much as possible.


ZnO nanostructured films were prepared by a chemical bath deposition method on glass substrates without any assistance of either microwave or high pressure autoclaves. The effect of solute concentration on the pure wurtzite ZnO nanostructure morphologies is studied. The control of the solute concentration helps to control the nanostructure to form nano-needles, and -rods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed highly c-axis oriented thin films. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms the modification of the nanostructure dependent on the concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show the single crystalline electron diffraction pattern, indicating high quality nano-material. UV–vis results show the variation in the band gap from 3.20 eV to 3.14 eV with increasing concentration as the nanostructures change from needle- to rod-like. Photoluminescence (PL) data indicate the existence of defects in the nanomaterials emitting light in the yellow–green region, with broad UV and visible spectra. A sharp and strong peak is observed at ∼438 cm−1 by Raman spectroscopy, assigned to the E 2 high ?> optical mode of ZnO, the characteristic peak for the highly-crystalline wurtzite hexagonal phase. The solute concentration significantly affects the formation of defect states in the nanostructured films, and as a result, it alters the structural and optical properties. Current–voltage characteristics alter with the measurement environment, indicating potential sensor applications.


We read with great interest the paper by Tsubouchi et al. (1) on the hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) in the blood of patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). These authors have already elegantly reported the purification and partial characterization of hHGF from the plasma of a patient with FHF (2). The current paper reports the stimulatory effects of 5% FHF serum on 3H-thymidine incorporation in cultured rat hepatocytes. These results could be caused by many substances in serum, including hHGF. It is interesting that a tendency for greater stimulation was found in patients who died, particularly when the highest levels were found in a patient with FHF caused by halothane hepatitis, which has a poor prognosis. The authors suggested that the hHGF response was proportional to liver cell loss, but there was no correlation with plasma liver enzymes or Normotest clotting time. It is well known that many toxic substances accumulate in the circulation during liver failure; this led to the idea that these toxins might interfere with liver regeneration. We found that FHF serum at a higher concentration (20%) on short-term incubation (2 hr) had a significant inhibitory effect on incorporation of 3H-thymidine into regenerating hepatocytes prepared from rats after partial hepatectomy (3). This may represent effects at a later stage in the regeneration process than those found after longer incubation (24 hr) with normal rat hepatocytes in primary culture. In recent experiments we also found that direct injection of FHF serum did not increase DNA synthesis in partially hepatectomized or normal rats in viuo (4), although such crude experiments are open to criticism. Certain groups of liver failure patients have been considered to have a poor prognosis, including those with non-A, non-B hepatitis and adverse reactions to drugs because of a lack of liver regeneration after such illnesses (5, 6). However, the current paper suggests that a strong hHGF response occurs, and the earlier work of Milandri, Gaub and Ranek (7) showed a similar response in liver in fatal FHF, morphometrically, compared with uncomplicated viral hepatitis. Thus the amount of total liver cell loss and continued liver cell injury may be most important in determining outcome. If so, it is just as important to reduce liver damage as it is to stimulate regeneration when purified growth factors become available. The role of hHGF in FHF will be better defined when the specific immunoassays mentioned in the paper are developed. It should then be possible to determine which of the many hepatotropic factors described in both animal and human studies are most important in liver regeneration.


The remarkable achievements in 20 years of reforms in China since the Third Plenary Session of theEleventh Central Committee of CCP have proved the correctness of the choice of the ways for reforms. Thesuccess of the reforms has much to do with the choice of starting points. It is inevitable to start reforms in therural areas because the conditions in Chinese countryside have much to do with the dual economic structures ofChina. The reforms are actually the responses to the declining rural economy under the traditional systems andits resulted serious political and social contradictions.


$\mathbb{Z}^{d}$-extensions of probability-preserving dynamical systems are themselves dynamical systems preserving an infinite measure, and generalize random walks. Using the method of moments, we prove a generalized central limit theorem for additive functionals of the extension of integral zero, under spectral assumptions. As a corollary, we get the fact that Green–Kubo's formula is invariant under induction. This allows us to relate the hitting probability of sites with the symmetrized potential kernel, giving an alternative proof and generalizing a theorem of Spitzer. Finally, this relation is used to improve, in turn, the assumptions of the generalized central limit theorem. Applications to Lorentz gases in finite horizon and to the geodesic flow on Abelian covers of compact manifolds of negative curvature are discussed.


We report the results of recent studies of new materials designed for the additive manufacturing of accelerating structures for dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs). Demonstration of a stand-alone practical DLA requires innovation in design and fabrication of efficient laser accelerator structures and couplers. Many complicated three-dimensional structures for laser acceleration (such as a long woodpile structure with couplers) are difficult to manufacture with conventional microfabrication technologies. LANL has a large effort focused on developing new materials and techniques for additive manufacturing. The materials for DLA structures must have high dielectric constant (larger than 4), low loss in the infrared regime, high laser damage threshold, and be able to withstand the electron beam damage. This paper discusses the development of novel infrared dielectric polymer materials that are of interest for laser acceleration and are compatible with additive manufacturing.


The paper points out that a little thought of pre-historical materialism which contains historical idealism and general historical materialism,remains in the Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right that presents concretely three aspects:the view of religion of historical idealism,general historical materialism and philosophical communism.Marx criticized them self-consciously in the posterior texts to the Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right.Criticizing them is beneficial to the scientific mastery,proper application and practical development of Marxism.


Regarding Figure 2 in this article,1 I would like to note the apparent conflict between what the scatterplots in Figure 2 show and what the …


Wetlands constitute some of the most important ecosystems in the world. They provide a number of critical ecosystem services that are indispensable to human beings and to the survival of biodiversities, health and welfare. Despite their importance, wetlands are being degraded and lost more rapidly than other ecosystems. In Kenya, where wetlands cover 3-4% of the country surface area, their rich physical and biological resources have led them to be overexploited and many of these ecosystems are seriously degraded. Wetland management decisions in Kenya are usually implemented by government departments and institutions with very little local community involvement. Based on the understanding that the integration of local knowledge is necessary to formulate adequate management strategies and that local involvement helps to enforce those, this study seeks to capture the value of local knowledge for wetland management approaches as well as for further research work. Specifically, this study focuses on local knowledge of Tugen fishermen on the environmental changes of the Ramsar Site of Lake Baringo in in mid-west Kenya.


The major goal of this research project was to improve the understanding of the gas-oil two-phase flow in fractured porous media. In addition, miscible displacement was studied to evaluate its promise for enhanced recovery.


Formation and interaction of radiation defects phase stability and microsctructural changes mechanical properties and helium effects high-energy ion irradiation studies surface properties nuclear transmutation and activation discussion sections.


School Fees Payment and Accounting Management System was developed to manage the fees payment that included PIBG fees, School fees and Hostel fees and managing school accounting record. Current practice use manual fees form to manage fees payment taken by teacher and using book accounting record to record all debit and credit for every month. This methods burden staff and teacher who want to manage fees payment and accounting record in manual way. SFPAMS was the solution to this problem. One of the upgrades is easing the process of by auto calculation fees payment. This system can help teacher to manage the fees payment because one of the objective to archive. Therefore, this system will be very helpful and can make the management of school fees payment and accounting record run smoothly. SFPAMS is develop by using Adobe Dreamweaver CS4 and Xamp Server


Background: Glehnia littoralis have been used for ischemic stroke, phlegm, cough, systemic paralysis, antipyretics and neuralgia. The pharmacological mechanisms of Glehnia littoralis were reported as calcium channel block, coumarin derivatives, anticoagulation, anti-convulsive effect, anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory effect until now. Alpha-amanitin is a powerful natural hepatotoxin that belongs to the amatoxins isolated from deadly poisonous Amanita phalloides mushroom. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Glehnia littoralis has the protective effects on amanitin-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: The protective ability against cytotoxic effect of glehnia littoralis on the HepG2 cells were determined using the MTT assay. Hep G2 cells (2.5×104/ml) were devided into each wells of 96 well plate. Each wells contained cells in 80uL of DMEM (Dulbecco`s modified Eagle`s media). We tested three specimens every concentation. After overnight incubation, α-amanitin 2 uM 10 uL and Glehnia littoralis ethyl acetate extract (GLEA) from the 250 uM to 7 uM 2.1 multiples 10 uL 72 hours after treatment process and MTT (5 mg/mL stock solution) 10 uL were incubated 4 hours after treatment. Then the medium was removed and it added DMSO 150 uL and was dissolved pormazan dye. We measured the absorbance by ELISA microplate reader (PerkinElmer, California, USA) at 540 nm. Results: Glehnia littoralis had been known to have the effects of anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant. Thus we supposed that Glehnia littoralis has cell-protective effect. Hepato-toxicities caused by alpha-amanitin (2uM) were decreased according to the concentration of glehnia littoralis. Fig. 1. prove it. Conclusion: In vitro model, Glehnia littoralis was effective in limiting hepatic injury after alpha-amanitin poisoning. It`s anti-oxidant effect is were attenuated by antidotal therapy.


This paper describes the breeding, feeding and measurement of Aedes mosquitoes based on body size (wing length). Due to similarity in body size measurements, we were constrained on gender recognition. To reveal the gender identity of these mosquitoes, Fisher linear discriminant analysis and FZOARO classification models were considered suitable for prediction and classification.   We randomly selected 15 mosquitoes from each groups and categorize the body size as small and large and applied the classification procedures. Both classification techniques perform similar. The numerical simulation reveals that 86.67% were classified as male for group one and 80% were correctly classified as female in group two. Keywords: Fisher linear discriminant analysis; FZOARO; Classification.


Computed tomography (CT) artifacts within the sella turcica, associated with the bones of the skull base, were identified and examined by use of a human skull phantom immersed in water. These artifacts were identified in 63% of 27 clinical high-resolution CT scans performed on patients with suspected sellar or parasellar pathology. Intrasellar artifacts may be minimized or eliminated by careful choice of scanning plane. Identification and elimination of intrasellar CT artifacts are necessary for accurate interpretation of sellar image.


Background The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-care and pain control in patients with cancer.Methods In this cross-sectional study (October to December, 2015) 380 cancer patients were admitted to one of the hospitals affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (Sari, Iran) entered to the study using simple random sampling. Data was collected by a demographic questionnaire, self-care scale and McGill pain questionnaire. The statistical package for social sciences, version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was utilized for data analysis by descriptive and infernal statistic tests (Spearman's correlation and Generalized Linear models).Results Males in the study (48.39 ± 13 ± 39; CI95: 46.41 - 50.38) were older than females (45.33 ± 18.44; CI95: 42.79 - 47.87). Based on the results of the processing of the Generalized Linear Models, there was not a significant relationship between pain perception and self-care in cancer patients (P > 0.05). But there was a significant relationship between pain perception and its two subsets of physical self-care (B = -1.102, P Conclusions Considering the adverse effects of chronic pain treatment process and secondary problems, more comprehensive studies must be done about the effects of self-care behaviors on the perception of pain so that effective steps can be taken to intervene and promote the health of these patients.


Taking some CORS station time series of CMONOC in 2012 for test objects, the model was founded in this paper. The prediction was made to forecast three days' observations using the nearest thirty days' time series. According to the dif erence between prediction and the true observation we can monitor the stability and status of stations better and better.