Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyze the presence of Ortega y Gasset in the Parana's State group during the 1950s, especially his influence in the thinking of Wilson Martins, and to emphasize the debate on the ideas of the intellectual and the university. The article discusses about the contributions of this Parana's thinker on the Parana's university teaching constituting and organizing process, and emphasizes that the Wilson Martins' role consisted in promoting the debate on the presence of the intellectual person in modern society, attributing the mission as guardian of the moral and herald of cultural renovation, without forgetting the Brazilian and European political-cultural context as the founding background to higher education. It bases itself on the speech entitled "The rebellion against intelligence and the mission of the university", that occurred at the University of Parana in 1951, and on the work The History of Brazilian Intelligence, written by Wilson Martins.


Original images for 5UCG: Structure of the PP2C Phosphatase Domain and a Fragment of the Regulatory Domain of the Cell Fate Determinant SpoIIE from Bacillus Subtilis. From Bradshaw et al. eLife 2017;6:e26111.


This work consists in the analysis of four musical pieces of the American bassist Gary Willis, these are: The Big Wave, Self Defense, Speak, Dense Dance, through the theoretical and interpretative study of these, this allows an apprehension of his style of composing and his vocabulary as a bassist. This was done in order to show that through a theoretical analysis you can get to internalize a specific musical language.


With the drive to become more energy efficient, organisations across all industry sectors need to consider their energy use. This is not only in order to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels and cut carbon dioxide emissions, but also to reduce their own costs against the modern background of price fluctuations and energy uncertainty. This paper discusses how energy can be derived from the recycling loop, by looking at the potential that combined heat and power solutions offer for turning waste into clean energy.


Abstract Phonological awareness has been acknowledged as an important predictor of, and influence upon, reading progress. This study offers an independent evaluation of the Sound Foundations phonological awareness program, and investigates the differential impact of session frequency on the acquisition of phonological awareness, phoneme identity training on phonological decoding ability, and the generalisation of taught phonological awareness skills to untaught phonological awareness and decoding tasks. Participants, part‐way through their first year of formal education, were assigned to either a group that received the standard Sound Foundations program, a group that received the same Sound Foundations program more frequently over a shorter period, or a comparison group that did not participate in the Sound Foundations program. Pre‐test and post‐test measures employed a number of relevant reading related measures, and the data were analysed using a priori orthogonal polynomial contrasts and Cohen's d effect sizes. A positive linear trend was found on the CTOPP Phonological Awareness Score that indicated participation in the Sound Foundations program improved phonological awareness, and greater improvements were found when the program was delivered more frequently over a shorter intervention period. Statistically significant changes in the phonological decoding abilities of participants in each group were found across time, however improvements in this ability were not statistically significantly different between groups. The data also indicated that taught skills generalised to some areas of phonemic awareness, and not to others.


"Built for Change" is one of the most thorough evaluations ever conducted of the physical transformation of an American city. It is at once a model for historical research in urban architecture, a critique of urban design and residential building practices, and an advocacy text on zoning, preservation, and development.Moudon focuses on design strategies that can preserve the traditional urban fabric while still accommodating new buildings. Her work in fact, has played an important role in the drafting of new planning codes for residential areas of San Francisco.Anne Vernez Moudon is Professor in the College of Architecture and Urban Planning and Director of the Urban Design Program at the University of Washington


Foreword. Preface. List of Symbols. 1. Introduction. 1.1 The Importance of Device Modeling for IC Design. 1.2 A Short History of the EKV MOST Model. 1.3 The Book Structure. PART I: THE BASIC LONG-CHANNELINTRINSIC CHARGE-BASED MODEL. 2. Introduction. 2.1 The N-channel Transistor Structure. 2.2 Definition of charges, current, potential and electric fields. 2.3 Transistor symbol and P-channel transistor. 3. The Basic Charge Model. 3.1 Poisson's Equation and Gradual Channel Approximation. 3.2 Surface potential as a Function of Gate Voltage. 3.3 Gate Capacitance. 3.4 Charge Sheet Approximation. 3.5 Density of Mobile Inverted Charge. 3.6 Charge-Potential Linearization. 4. Static Drain Current. 4.1 Drain Current Expression. 4.2 Forward and Reverse Current Components. 4.3 Modes of Operation. 4.4 Model of Drain Current Based on Charge Linearization. 4.5 Fundamental Property: Validity and Application. 4.6 Channel Length Modulation. 5. The Small-Signal Model. 5.1 The Static Small-Signal Model. 5.2 A General Non-Quasi-Static Small-Signal Model. 5.3 The Quasi-Static Dynamic Small-Signal Model. 6. The Noise Model. 6.1 Noise Calculation Methods. 6.2 Low-Frequency Channel Thermal Noise. 6.3 Flicker Noise. 6.4 Appendices. Appendix : The Nyquist and Bode Theorems. Appendix : General Noise Expression. 7. Temperature Effects and Matching. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Temperature Effects. PART II: THE EXTENDED CHARGE-BASED MODEL. 8. Non-Ideal Effects Related to the Vertical Dimension. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Mobility Reduction Due to the Vertical Field. 8.3 Non-Uniform Vertical Doping. 8.4 Polysilicon Depletion. 8.4.1 Definition of the Effect. 8.5 Band Gap Widening. 8.6 Gate Leakage Current. 9. Short-Channel Effects. 9.1 Velocity Saturation. 9.2 Channel Length Modulation. 9.3 Drain Induced Barrier Lowering. 9.4 Short-Channel Thermal Noise Model. 10. The Extrinsic Model. 10.1 Extrinsic Part of the Device. 10.2 Access Resistances. 10.3 Overlap Regions. 10.4 Source and Drain Junctions. 10.5 Extrinsic Noise Sources. PART III: THE HIGH-FREQUENCY MODEL. 11. Equivalent Circuit at RF. 11.1 RF MOS Transistor Structure and Layout. 11.2 What Changes at RF?. 11.3 Transistor Figures of Merit. 11.4 Equivalent Circuit at RF. 12. The Small-Signal Model at RF. 12.1 The Equivalent Small-Signal Circuit at RF. 12.2 Y-Parameters Analysis. 12.3 The Large-Signal Model at RF. 13. The Noise Model at RF. 13.1 The HF Noise Parameters. 13.2 The High-Frequency Thermal Noise Model. 13.3 HF Noise Parameters of a Common-Source Amplifier. References. Index.


This article is an introductory study of some equalization techniques. We approach the technique behindthe semi-blind equalization and comment an introduction to the blind equalization technique. We analyze the prosecution o f these techniques using the LMS, RLS and the CMA adaptive algorithms. Keywords— semi-blind equalization, blind equalization, LMS, RLS, CMA


Data are presented which demonstrate (1) flight patterns of frugivorous birds are responsible for directional patterns of seed dispersal, (2) these patterns influence seed mortality, and (3) dispersal of seeds away from the parent tree is more likely to result from behaviors characteristic of obligate frugivores (Ramphastos sulfuratus and R. swainsonii) than opportunistic frugivore/insectivores (Myiozetetes similts and M. granadensis). Investment by the parent tree in a seed carried by a specialized frugivore is less likely to be wasted than investment in a seed carried by an opportunistic frugivore because specialists are more likely to carry seeds away from areas of high seed mortality than opportunists. PLANTS HAVE A VARIETY OF CHARACTERISTICS which result in dispersal of their seeds by fruiteating animals. These involve the structure of the fruit (van der Pijl 1969) or other aspects of plant reproductive biology (Snow 1965; Smythe 1970; Snow 1971). Previous studies consider the effects of treatment by the digestive tract on the germination of seeds (Darwin 1859; Kerner 1897; Rick and Bowman 1961), the effects of long-distance dispersal on the biogeography of plants (Cruden 1966; Carlquist 1974), effects of dispersal on the survivorship of seeds which suffer high levels of animal predation (janzen 1971), and the expected influence of such predation on the local dispersion of plants (Janzen 1970). The variety and abundance of fruits in the tropics is correlated with a diverse bird fauna showing varying degrees of specialization for frugivory and seed dispersal (Wetmore 1914; Keast 1958; Orians 1969; Karr 1971; Morton 1973). Absent frcm previous studies are quantitative data showing the patterns of seed distribution produced by movements of different kinds of dispersers and the effects of this dispersal on the survivorship of seeds. Such information is particularly desirable in view of McKey's (1975) argument that the dispersal of seeds by "specialized" birds which are obligate frugivores should be qualitatively different from dispersal by "opportunistic" birds which facultatively feed on fruit or insects. If this point of view accurately reflects close coevolutionary relationships between obligate frugivores and the plants upon which they feed, we predict that specialists should also produce patterns of seed distribution and resulting seed mortality more beneficial to the plant than those produced by birds with less dependence on fruit. This paper offers a partial test of this prediction and suggests further research which will elucidate relationships between plants and their dispersal


American Heritage Electronic Dictionary. (1990). Cambridge, MA: Houghton Mifflin Software Division. American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic andstatistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC: Author. Benjamin, L. S. (1974). Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB). Psychological Review, 81, 392-425. Benjamin, L. S. (1984). Principles of prediction using Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB). In R. A. Zucker, J. Aronoff, & A. J. Rabin (Eds), Personality and the prediction of behavior (pp. 121-173). New York: Academic. Benjamin, L. S. (1993). Interpersonal diagnosis and treatment of personality disorders. New York: Guilford. Cloninger, C. R. (1989). Establishment of diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness: Robins and Guze's method revisited. In L. Robins & J. Barrett (Eds.), The validity of psychiatric diagnosis (pp. 9-18). New York: Raven. Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1988). From catalog to classification: Murray's needs and the five-factor model.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 258-265. Costa, P. T., & Widiger, T. (Eds.). (in press). Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Frances, A., Clarkin, J., Gilmore, M., Hurt, S., & Brown, S. (1984). Reliability of criteria for borderline personality disorder: A comparison of DSM-I1I and the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 591-596. Morey, L. (1991). Classification of mental disorders as a collection of hypothetical constructs. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 289-293. Morey, L. C., & Ochoa, E. (1989). An investigation of adherence to diagnostic criteria: Clinical diagnosis of the DSM-III personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 3, 180-192. Skodol, A. E., Rosnick, L., Kellman, H. D., Oldham, J. M., & Hyler, S. E. (1991). Development of a procedure for validating structured assessments of Axis II. In J. Oldham (Ed.), Personality disorders: New perspectives on diagnostic validity (pp. 41-70). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press. Widiger, T. (1992). Categorical versus dimensional classification: Implications from and for research. Journal of Personality Disorders, 6, 287-300. Widiger, T., & Rogers, J. (1989). Prevalence and comorbidity of personality disorders. PsychiatricAnnals, 19, 132-136.


We currently live in the so-called 4th Industrial Revolution - or digital age - where data processing has taken on a fundamental role in creating value. The rapid technological advance brought to the discussion concepts such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and Precision Agriculture that contributed to the evolution of the sector through the practice of a more controlled and precise agriculture. The use of Business Analytics' technologies allows the agricultural entrepreneur to make easier and better decisions based on information. This work aims to sensitize farmers to the importance of adopting data-driven solutions to address the needs of this sector. This article exposes the advantages of data analysis and the implementation of IoT technologies in agriculture. At the same time, it aims to understand how farmers may use information created to manage efficiently the available of resources, increase productivity and sustainability, and to reduce costs.


This paper presents a three-step approach to evaluate and map mass movement risk. First, hazard and vulnerability, the two components of mass movement risk, are evaluated through the use of a Weighted Product Method (WPM) borrowed to the MultiAttribute Utility Theory (MAUT). The model evaluates each potential action a  A (set of potential actions) according to a set of attributes, points of view and criteria i, i = 1, ..., n, from gi measurement scales. The criteria retained are environmental factors of susceptibility to landslides and surrounding elements at risk (stakes). In a second phase, the risk is estimated by the product of its two components. Finally, the spatial mass movement risk is determined by crossing the susceptibility (hazard) and consequences (vulnerability) maps. The method has been tested in the area of Aїn el Hammam in the basin of Tizi-Ouzou (Algerian Tell).


Appendicitis today is the most common reason for emergency abdominal surgery and has a lifetime risk of 7-8%. Simple appendicitis can progress to perforation, which is associated with a much higher morbidity and mortality, and surgeons have therefore been inclined to operate when the diagnosis is probable rather than wait until it is certain. As a result of their concern about this, surgeons create for themselves 'a surgical security zone which allows them to accept a 15-30% negative laparotomy rate with impunity'. These rates of negative appendicectomy have been considered acceptable because the morbidity associated with complicated appendicitis is significantly higher than that of non-therapeutic appendicectomy.


A sonic blind spot monitoring system for alerting a driver when a vehicle is positioned in a blind spot. The sonic blind spot monitoring system includes a vehicle. A sonar device is coupled to the vehicle for emitting a sonar wave into an area adjacent to the vehicle corresponding to a blind spot for a driver of the vehicle. The sonar device includes a sonar receptor for receiving a reflection of the sonar wave for detecting an object in said blind spot. A display device is coupled to the vehicle. The display device is positioned within the vehicle whereby the display device is visible to the driver of the vehicle. The display device is operationally coupled to the sonar device for displaying a visual signal when the sonar device detects the object in the blind spot.


This paper asks whether adjustment processes over real time help to "select" the long-run outcome in a model of industrialization, where multiple stationary states exist because of increasing returns in the manufacturing sector. "History" alone cannot in general determine where the economy will end up. Self-fulfilling expectations often make the escape from the state of preindustrialization (the takeoff) possible. The global bifurcation technique is used to determine when an underdevelopment trap exists and when a takeoff path exists. The role of government policy and agricultural productivity in industrialization are then considered.


ABSTRACT The case herewith reported possesses a double interest. It demonstrates the hitherto, I think, unreported injurious effect of the coal-tar derivatives on the sexual sphere and the danger of permitting the indiscriminate sale to the laity of dangerous drugs and nostrums.Patient. —Mr. S. J., teacher, married, father of three children, consulted me Feb. 2, 1906, for loss of sexual power. For over a year he had been noticing a gradual diminution of the libidio sexualis, together with ejaculatio prœcox. He has been generally running down, losing flesh, etc.Examination. —His complexion was sallow, dingy, cachectic. He tires very quickly, and gets out of breath on walking up stairs, or on running after a car. His tongue was heavily coated and breath was offensive. He had no appetite, bowels were constipated. He had had gonorrhea twelve years ago, but is apparently perfectly cured, there being no shreds in the urine


The primary objectives of the Mars exploration program are to collect data for planetary science in a quest to answer questions related to Origins, to search for evidence of extinct and extant life, and to expand the human presence in the solar system. The public and political engagement that is critical for support of a Mars exploration program is based on all of these objectives. In order to retain and to build public and political support, it is important for NASA to have an integrated Mars exploration plan, not separate robotic and human plans that exist in parallel or in sequence. The resolutions stemming from the current architectural review and prioritization of payloads may be pivotal in determining whether NASA will have such a unified plan and retain public support. There are several potential scientific and technological links between the robotic-only missions that have been flown and planned to date, and the combined robotic and human missions that will come in the future. Taking advantage of and leveraging those links are central to the idea of a unified Mars exploration plan. One such link is in situ resource utilization (ISRU) as an enabling technology to provide consumables such as fuels, oxygen, sweep and utility gases from the Mars atmosphere.


Quantifying uncertainty about a policy's long-term performance is important to solve sequential decision-making tasks. We study the problem from a model-based Bayesian reinforcement learning perspective, where the goal is to learn the posterior distribution over value functions induced by parameter (epistemic) uncertainty of the Markov decision process. Previous work restricts the analysis to a few moments of the distribution over values or imposes a particular distribution shape, e.g., Gaussians. Inspired by distributional reinforcement learning, we introduce a Bellman operator whose fixed-point is the value distribution function. Based on our theory, we propose Epistemic Quantile-Regression (EQR), a model-based algorithm that learns a value distribution function that can be used for policy optimization. Evaluation across several continuous-control tasks shows performance benefits with respect to established model-based and model-free algorithms.


We report the sixth occurrence of Hb Belfast [β15(A12)Trp→Arg], a mild, unstable β chain variant, in a large family wherein nine subjects were affected. DNA analysis showed a TGG→AGG mutation at codon 15 of the β‐globin gene, confirming a Trp→Arg amino acid substitution. The oxygen affinity of the isolated variant was increased. The clinical phenotype is silent or very mild, the only clinical finding being an intermittent moderate jaundice.


In this paper it is discussed how the currently proposed European Directive on electronic end use products (EuP) can best be implemented into EcoDesign practice. First of all it is explained that the environmental analysis (Life Cycle thinking) to be made under the requirements of EuP best can be done on the basis of Environmental Benchmarking. Physical metrics is recommended to be the best instrument to do the analysis. Integration of EcoDesign into Product Creation Processes is a key condition for successful application of EuP principles. This process, including roadmapping and performance measurement. The opportunities and limitations of EuP (what can it deliver and what does it not deliver) has been discussed. The strength and weaknesses of the current draft EuP are analyzed based on the operational perspective sketched in this paper. Prospects for EuP in this respect are good, be it that still revisions of parts of the annexes are necessary to increase practicality and ecoefficiency.


In this paper, a probabilistic load flow computation method based on the cumulants and Edgeworth expansion theory is put forward, and is used in the analysis of system containing wind farms composed of doubly-fed induction generator. Firstly a 2-parameter Weibull function is adopted to fit the random distribution of wind speed, and then the probabilistic model for wind power generator can be established based on active power output characteristic of wind power generator. Based on the linearized AC load flow model, analysis for IEEE 30-node system with wind farm is carried out. Finally the method is compared with Monte-Carlo simulation method, and the effects of wind farms integrated to the operation of power system is analysed in detail.


A novel way of measuring the non-proportional response of scintillation materials, using a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner, has been developed and tested. Using a Siemens Biograph mCT, a modified Compton coincidence technique is performed where the Compton scatter angular information data is collected by taking advantage of the fine angular sampling that is inherent to the PET scanner. Using the scatter angle information, the energy deposited in the sampled scintillator can be calculated. Comparing the calculated energy deposited versus the measured scintillator response yields the Compton electron non-proportional response.


The effect of temperature on the dielectric properties of some wood species such as Kadam ( Haldina cordifolia ), Teak ( Tectona grandis L ) and Sal tree ( Shorea robusta )) wood were investigated at different frequencies from 100Hz to 1MHz along tangential direction. Dielectric constants and dielectric loss factors were measured at temperatures from 30 o C to 120°C with variation of frequency showing increase in dielectric constant and dielectric loss with the increase of temperature. Dielectric properties on wood showed a strong relation dependence on the structures, water ‐ wood relations, frequency and temperature. A significant variation in dielectric parameters was observed with respect to each species. An abrupt increase in dielectric constant was observed when frequency was less than 1 kHz. The variation in activation energy is observed from one species to other.


Undertakings with a (seemingly) divided self: Beware* It is commonly accepted that, pursuant to the principle of intragroup immunity, Article 101 TFEU cannot catch agreements or concerted…


Since 1980s,Salar teenagers education,especially teenager girls education were not as good as expected,which has been deeply concerned by the government.In this paper,referred to the result from other scholars and the local actual situation,the author had a new investigation and analysis to Salar girls' education from the perspective of Educational anthropology.After analyzing the subjective and the objective reasons which influenced the education of Salar girls,the author proposed that the situations of ethnic girls' education not be judged only by the school education,because the family education related "local culture" education also plays important roles so far as it is concerned.


It is shown for an arbitrary topos that the Law of the Excluded Middle holds in its propositional logic iff it satisfies the limited choice principle that every epimorphism from 2 = 1 ⊕ 1 splits. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Barriers in worker's emotions, cognitions and coping Fear of returning Feeling guilty towards colleagues Negative perception of sickness absence Not able to ensure work–life balance Fear of taking steps in recovery Fear of having contact with the manager Feeling guilty about undertaking health-enhancing activities during sickness absence Idea that work is harmful to health Experiencing loss of control when returning to work Negative perception of mental health problems Playing down problems Not able to learn from the experiences of the illness process Fear of repetition of traumas No self-insight Unassertiveness Feeling ashamed about abandoning colleagues Feeling ashamed about undertaking health-enhancing activities during sickness absence Uncertainty about ability to cope with RTW Not able to move beyond problems and look at solutions


This contribution follows previous publications in Integral-Differential Model for mechanical systems of power plants. The objective of research was to obtain practical mathematical algorithms to optimize the probability of cracks/breaks of the mechanical system by impact erosion wear. Probability of failure concept and its mathematical formulation are developed to set algorithms for lifetime determination of mechanical systems .In other words, to prevent unexpected mechanical failures by severe damage of mechanical parts that could lead to power plant stops for repair. Firstable, the article presents the fundamental formulation/mathematical-definitions for lifetime determination and probability of failure of a mechanical system—with focus on further applications for Integral Differential model. Subsequently, a series of modeling optimization and simulations are shown with Gaussian models and stochastic ones. Methods applied in programming are outlined in brief and software development is explained. Formal results are a group of Bayesian formulas, computational graphs and numerical database charts to support the initial hypotheses and mathematical framework. Practical engineering-tribological consequences for optimal operation of power plants derive from the basics of the study.


FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention may be used to make fodder additives for farm animals. A fodder additive for minks, containing vermiculite and phenonyl selenide diacetate. At the same time phenonyl selenide diacetate is mixed in the ratio from 2 g to 4 g of vermiculite per 2 mg of phenonyl selenide diacetate. EFFECT: application of invention makes it possible to activate metabolism processes in minks' bodies, to increase animals' productivity and quality of produced goods. 2 ex


A simple method for producing uniform-size droplets has been proposed. A thin rectangular nozzle can generate a chain-type jet and, under some conditions, the jet disintegrates into droplets of high uniformity. The previous paper reported on the mechanism of uniform-droplet formation, and showed that the imposition of sound vibration to the jet can remarkably stabilize the phenomenon and extend the producible range. In the present paper, experiments are carried out using suger and ethanol solutions to reveal the effect of liquid properties, such as viscosity and surface tension, on the producible range of uniform-droplet. The results showed that both the increased viscosity and the isreased surface tention have a tendency to extend the producible range, though far increased viscosity has a negative effect. The producible range lies over Weber Number We=203000 and stability number Sb=0.0030.08.


Background. Studies have reported that prior-season influenza vaccination is associated with higher risk of clinical influenza infection among vaccinees in a given season. Understanding the underlying causes requires consideration of within-season waning and recent infection. Methods. Using the US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) Network data over 8 influenza seasons (2011-2012 to 2018-2019), we estimated the effect of prior-season vaccination on the odds of clinical infection in a given season, after accounting for waning vaccine protection using regression methods. We adjusted for potential confounding by recent clinical infection using inverse-probability weighting. We investigated theoretically whether unmeasured subclinical infection in the prior season, which is more likely in the non-repeat vaccinees, could explain the repeat vaccination effect. Results. Repeat vaccinees vaccinated earlier in a season by one week. After accounting for waning VE, repeat vaccinees were still more likely to test positive for influenza A(H3N2) (OR=1.11, 95% CI:1.02-1.21) but not for influenza B (OR=1.03, 95% CI:0.89-1.18) or A(H1N1) (OR=1.03, 95% CI:0.90-1.19) compared to those vaccinated in the given season only. Recent clinical infection with the homologous (sub)type protected against clinical infection with A(H3N2) or B. Individuals with clinical infection in one season had 1.11 (95% CI:1.03-1.19) times the odds of switching vaccination status in the following season. Adjusting for recent clinical infections did not strongly influence the estimated effect of prior-season vaccination. Adjusting for subclinical infection could theoretically attenuate this effect. Conclusion. Waning protection and recent clinical infection were insufficient to explain observed reduced VE in repeat vaccinees with a test-negative design.


AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) generation and emission from No. 3 wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Xi'an (Orbal oxidation ditch) and No. 4 WWTP in Xi'an (reversed A/A/O) were measured throughout a year following the water environment research foundation protocol. The N2O generation and emission rates of No. 4 WWTP (generation rate of 14.43 kg (N2O)/d and emission rate of 13.78 kg (N2O)/d) were about twice that of No. 3 WWTP (generation rate of 7.09 kg (N2O)/d and emission rate of 6.52 kg (N2O)/d). The N2O emission factor of No. 4 WWTP (54.64 mg (N2O)/m3 INF) was about 1.7 times that of No. 3 WWTP (36.20 mg (N2O)/m3 INF). The ammonia oxidation rate, nitrite oxidation rate, and nitrous oxide generation rate were also measured. Results showed that the key factors of N2O generation and emission were the microbial population and aeration strategy.


Changes in tax regulation policies as an implication of regional autonomy in Indonesia starting from Law Number 18 of 1997 concerning Regional Taxes and Regional Levies, then amended by Law Number 34 of 2000 concerning Amendments to Law Number 18 of 1997 concerning Taxes Regions and Regional Retribution. This regulation was later replaced by Law Number 28 of 2009 concerning Regional taxes and Regional Levies. Of the three regulations, legal dynamics occur that lead from decentralized to centralized. The research method in this study uses the normative legal method. From the results of the study, it is found that the dynamics of taxation law in Indonesia in terms of law number 28 of 2009 concerning regional taxes and regional distribution have experienced legal changes in terms of types of taxes, discretionary rate setting, and the nature of determining the type of tax of the law prevailing previously which led to a decentralized to centralized nature as well as a change in tax determination policy from an open list system to a closed list system.
Keyword : legal dynamics, taxation, regional taxes and regional distribution


Plant specific O-glycosylation of proteins includes the attachment of arabinogalactan to hydroxyproline (Hyp) residues. These Hyp residues are generated from peptidyl proline residues by the action of prolyl 4-hydroxylase which requires the ferrous ion. We investigated the effect of the ferrous chelator, 2,2′-dipyridyl on tobacco plants, and found that such treatment reduced the arabinogalactosylation of proteins.


Introduction: Dental calculus is a form of calcification process that occurs in the oral cavity and due to its similar structural composition with renal stones; dental calculus formation may increase in patients with calcium renal stones.Objectives: Toevaluate the possible association between dental and renal calculus formation, assess the gender and age relation, and compare the prevalence of supra gingival and subgingival calculus formation among renal calculi patients.Methods: The study group included 200 patients diagnosed with renal calculi.Calculus Index component of Simplified Oral Hygiene Index of Green and Vermillion was used to record oral cleanliness. Results: 67% of the patients with renal stones had dental calculus, 70.8% had supragingivalcalculus, 26.1% had sub/supra gingival calculus and 3% had subgingival calculus only. 64.7% of them were males and 35.3 % werefemales. Patients less than 20 years old were the least group with dental calculus, and those above 60 years were the highest group with dental calculus. The mean of dental calculus index according to gender, males were 1.28±0.89 and females were 1.20±0.99. The mean of dental calculus index according agegroups, among less than 20 years were 0.60±0.22, among 2039years were 0.96±0.69, among 40-59 years 1.50±1.22 and among 60years and above were 1.69±0.89. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of dental calculus among patients with renal stones. There is tendency for dental calculus to increase withage, with older group showing more calculus. The difference is statistically significant.


The Data Collection of Colleges Evaluation is one of the most important work to Colleges.Take GZGS for example,a proposal is mentioned to implement the networking merge of colleges education and evaluation for resolving the problems in process of evaluation data collection,then describes the implementation technology.finally,summarizes the merits and faults.


In The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir has been largely inspired by Helene Deutsch's The Psychology of Women in spite of her objections to the psychoanalysis. This borrowings are possible because of the complexity of the Helene Deutsch's thought that qualifies the naturalist presuppositions, sometimes to the contradiction. Above all Beauvoir has succeeded in integrating the observations of the psychoanalyst by interpreting them in a culturalist meaning.


This article represents a call to understand school safety audits as central to processes of institutional branding. It argues that reading safety audits through a branding optic helps to draw out their uses in providing support for the augmentation of techno-security apparatuses on campuses and to contextualize them vis-a-vis increasing tendencies to govern universities in accordance with business models of management. While safety audits are generally endorsed as necessary for helping university administrators ensure the safety of students, faculty and staff, the more critical reading provided here draws attention to their entanglement with administrative efforts to construct commoditized university narratives. This paper substantiates and extends research by scholars who make note of the ongoing configurations of educational institutions in accordance with intertwining military and corporate logics. The discussion begins with a review of research by scholars who are highly critical of this trend. Next, the paper offers an exploratory case analysis of links between documents produced by one Canadian university's administration regarding a sexual assault on that campus in 2007, the undertaking of a university-wide safety audit, and institutional investments in increased security measures. The article concludes with reflections on the importance of counter-rationalizations to this relatively new model of university governance.


Employing the framework of integral input-to-state stability (iISS), this paper studies the problem of verifying stability of dynamical networks. The iISS we impose on the subsystems encompasses a wider variety of nonlinearities than input-to-state stability (ISS) which has been studied extensively in the literature. To go beyond the ISS results, this paper investigates a simultaneous small-gain criterion, a topological separation criterion and a spectral radius formula in view of necessity and suffiency for the stability of the iISS network, and they are related to each other. This work aims at unifying conceivable stability criteria into a single methodology in the iISS formulation which includes ISS as a special case. For illustration, this paper examines the dynamics of network computing for resource utilization. Based on a fluid flow model, the proposed iISS methodology provides us with qualitative and quantitative information on the computing speed, the communication overhead, the number of nodes and the interconnection structure for achieving successful workload distribution across multiple computers.


The documentation describes in general terms the waterproofing systems used in Denmark and Sweden, as well as the test program in each country. A comparative laboratory study has been conducted as part of a joint Danish-Swedish project. The aim of the project has been to agree on common test methods for polymer bitumen sheets with specifications and requirements allowing a product tested and approved in one of the countries to be approved in the other as well. In the first part of the project, tests in accordance with each country's test programs have been performed on six waterproofing systems. The test methods used are compared and discussed on basis of the results obtained, as well as European harmonisation work as part of CEN TC 254 "Flexible sheets for waterproofing". In the latter part of the project, complementary studies have been made to clarify certain differences in test methods as well as differences in the evaluation of results and in applicable requirements specifications. The intention has also been to develop alternative test methods. Finally, a number of "harmonising" actions are proposed for Danish-Swedish test methods, together with further development work to achieve the purpose and goals of the joint project. (A)


Post Laparatomy pain can be minimized by giving pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. Nurses has a role to reduce the pain scale of patients with independent nursing care. One of them is early mobilization therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of early mobilization of decrease in pain scale in patients post operations laparatomy. True-experimental research design and use the pretest-posttest with a control group approach. The sampling technique uses Consecutive Sampling The number of samples was 30 people using the Slovin formula. Collection of pain scale data uses C.P.O.T and pain scale collected pre and post mobilization action, then analyzed univariate and bivariate with a Mann-Whiteney U . The results of the study were obtained by p-value <0.005 there was an effect of early mobilization of the reduction in pain scale. This research suggested that early mobilization actions can be used as one of the independent nursing interventions in dealing with pain problems in post laratomy patients at Intensive Care Unit


This study examines the effectiveness of Teacher Preparation Programs conducted through Regional Institutes of Teacher Education (RITEs) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For the purpose of data collection the researcher developed close-ended questionnaire and administered to teacher educators working as permanent faculties in the RITEs. A sample of 100 teacher educators of RITEs was randomly selected from 10 Regional Institutions of Teacher Education (RITES). Data were collected, tabulated, analyzed and presented in simple percentages. Findings of the study showed that the teacher preparation programs conducted through RITEs were found useful in developing pedagogical skills of prospective teachers. This study found the following remarkable results.The trainee teachers were able to communicate easily and clearly in classroom situations. The prospective teachers could make lessons plans and implement it successfully. The teacher preparation program has developed classroom management skills of the prospective teachers. The teachers could use different strategies in their classrooms for student's learning evaluations. The teachers were more confident to share their experiences with other teachers. However, a unique finding of the study is that the teacher preparation program has failed to develop research skills of the teachers. It was found that the trained teachers did not know how to conduct research in their contexts on various issues of teaching and learning. Therefore on the basis of this study it is recommended that a strong component of research project should be incorporated in the curriculum of the teacher preparation program of RITEs to enable the prospective teachers to conduct research on different issues of teaching and learning.


Under the conditions of the modern level and future rates of development of the national economy of the USSR, the problem of the maximum utilization of industrial wastes is extremely important both from the point of view of ecology and from that of the rational utilization of natural resources.


Acoustic radiation force effect upon a rigid spherical particle placed in the thin elastic tube is studied. The problem of determination of the acoustic radiation forces acting on an obstacle in an ideal liquid is formulated with respect to the Lagrange coordinate system. Thus, the radiation pressure is defined as time-averaged value of the acoustic pressure over the obstacle surface. This approach is adequate if, at determining of the acoustic pressure in a fluid, the deviation of the pressure from the harmonic law in time domain is taken into account in the obstacle vicinity. An action of the acoustic radiation force on the rigid spherical particle placed in the thin tube with elastic wall is studied here for the case of the incident plane sound wave propagating along the tube axis. Model is developed to describe the response of the system consisting of the compliant infinite thin circular cylindrical tube filled with the ideal compressible liquid and rigid spherical body which is immovable and located on the tube axis under the plane wave propagating along the tube axis. The problem of the hydrodynamic characteristics determination is reduced to the solution of the infinite system of algebraic equations that can be solved by the reduction method. The formula for the acoustic radiation force calculation is derived to characterize the force acting upon rigid spherical particle in the thin compliant elastic cylindrical tube.


The effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rat bladder smooth muscle cells (SMC) were investigated. When bladder SMC were induced with TNFα(1 nmol·L -1 ) or IFNγ(50 kU·L -1 ) alone or their combination for 24 h, nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined, and iNOS was detected by Western blot. The results indicated that TNFα, or IFNγ alone did not induce iNOS expression and NO production. However, NO levels significantly increased when the cells were exposed to the combined TNFα and IFNγ for 24 h, and the iNOS protein with around 125 kU of molecular weight was also detected by Western blot analysis, suggesting that TNFα and IFNγ synergistically induce iNOS expression and NO production in bladder SMC. When NOS inhibitor N G nitro L arginine methyl ester (L NAME, 0.1 mmol·L -1 ) was added into bladder SMC 30 min prior to addition of the combined TNFα and IFNγ, it was found that NOS inhibitor significantly decreased cytokines induced NO production. The findings suggest that iNOS in bladder SMC be activated by combined TNFα and IFNγ.


The purpose of this study is to explore how social media can provide leaders an emotional choice for virtual expression online. The study's case is the Saudi Monarchy, presented in the Twitter account of Saudi King Salman. It addresses the emotional aspects of communication via a Twitter account with local and international audiences while exploring the dark emotional choice of expression that the Monarchy wants to convey in different mediums. The research design builds on the dramaturgical approach and Lasswell's communication model to explore King Salman's Twitter posts, both on the frontstage (traditional media) and the backstage (Twitter). The systematic review indicates that social media, from emotional expression, lapse in the literature. The analysis considers the emotional communication of the significant events in Saudi Arabia from January 2015 to December 2015. The findings depict that the social media platform (Twitter) provides an emotional expression for lighter shades of dark emotions, while darker shades of emotions are expressed more visibly on traditional media outlets. This paper discusses a new perspective to review leadership identity via virtual communication and explores their emotional choices through Twitter posts. The paper concludes with some justifications for the leadership's emotional choices directed by emotional intelligence.


Objective: To compare the histopathological changes after neo-adjuvant radiotherapy and to elucidate the mechanism of radiotherapy in rectal cancer. Methods: 80 patients with rectal cancer in pTNM stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ were enrolled between April 2000 and December 2002.They were randomly assigned to surgery alone or preoperative neo-adjuvant radiotherapy.The conventional radiotherapy scheme was followed: 40 Gy in 2.0 Gy fractions.The treatment last 4 weeks and it is usually followed by an interval of 1-2 weeks before the operation.Pathological changes including necrosis of tumor and changes of matrix and vessels were graded. Results: Significant tumor regression(RCRG 1) was seen in 14 cases(35 percent) after radiotherapy,while partially tumor regression(RCRG 2) was seen in 18 cases(45 percent).Significant necrosis was observed in 72.5 percent of cases after preoperative radiotherapy,most foci of adenocarcinoma were replaced by fibrosis in 80 percent of cases,and intimal thickening in most of the vessels were seen in 77.5 percent of cases.The frequency of these pathological changes after radiotherapy was significantly more than control group. Conclusion: Necrosis,fibrosis and thickening of vascular intima in the rectal cancer tissue after radiotherapy is more frequent than those without radiotherapy.It may be the potential reason for increased resection rate and sphincter-saving after radiotherapy.


In this project, following a brief historical view on the control methods of DC motors and the first high power semiconductor devices, the mathematical models of different DC motors and buck converter are derived first. Using these equations, a high frequency buck converter is designed according to the model of the DC motor used in the experimental section. After that, using the designed converter, characteristics of shunt and series DC motors are derived for several operating conditions. The characteristics of the DC motors are followed by the influence of the load change to the output voltage of the converter and its efficiency change as the load is increased.


The author of this study investigated the variety of functions used by a bilingual infant to provide further evidence for the communicative-functional approach to child language acquisition, compared the development of pragmatic functions in a monolingual and a bilingual child, and devised a categorization system that can be applied to child language acquisition data by other researchers in the field. Accordingly, data collected from a Persian-English bilingual child during a period of 10 months, as part of a longitudinal study, were analyzed, and a taxonomy of pragmatic functions the participant used was established. Analysis of the data indicated that despite certain differences in the frequency and distribution of pragmatic functions the participant employed in the present study (bilingual) and those used by Halliday's monolingual child, the two studies demonstrated that both children developed pragmatic functions from a very early age. The theoretical implication of this study is that the development ...


Abstract 886 Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterized by the t(9;22)(q34;q11) reciprocal translocation, which leads to the expression of the BCR/ABL fusion protein. CML is clinically characterized by the abnormal expansion of the myeloid lineage leading to progressive peripheral neutrophilia. This indolent disease has the propensity to evolve into an acute leukemia-like blastic phase involving either myeloid or B lymphoid cells. As such, CML constitutes a paradigm for understanding cellular and molecular events controlling chronic diseases and their evolution toward frank leukemia. CML arise from a small pool of leukemic stem cells (LSC) that can be operationally defined by their ability to sustain tumor growth over time and to transplant leukemia to recipient mice. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that LSCs originate from abnormally behaving hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), although it is still largely unknown how BCR/ABL affects the biology of HSCs and the fate of downstream progenitor cells. To study the impact of BCR/ABL expression on these compartments, we used a transgenic mouse model that allows for inducible expression of BCR/ABL in HSCs and downstream progeny (Blood 105: 324, 2005). Induction of BCR/ABL expression in this model recapitulated many features of human CML such as myeloid bone marrow (BM) hyperplasia, myelofibrosis, splenomegaly and myeloid cell infiltration in non-hematopoietic organs. Disease development also correlated with a dramatic reorganization of the stem and progenitor compartments in the BM and their relocation/expansion in the spleen. In the BM, we observed a marked reduction in the number of Lin– Sca1+ c-Kit+ Flk2– CD48– CD150+ long-term (LT) and Lin– Sca1+ c-Kit+ Flk2– CD48– CD150– short-term (ST) HSCs associated with an expansion of several types of non-self-renewing multipotent progenitors (MPP) and myeloid committed progenitors. We confirmed by limited dilution transplantation experiments that BCR/ABL+ LT-HSCs were true LSCs as they were the only cells capable of transferring sustained CML disease in recipient mice with as few as 50 cells injected. We also found that BCR/ABL expression impacts on the biology of the ST-HSC and Lin– Sca1+ c-Kit+ Flk2+ MPP compartments. Transplantation of both populations induced dramatic but transient hyperplasia, which could eventually mimic a leukemic phenotype with high doses of cell injected (4,000 cells per mouse). However, while transplantation of BCR/ABL+ ST-HSCs led to the expected myeloid hyperplasia, transplantation of BCR/ABL+ MPPs led to a massive accumulation of B-cell progenitors in the BM that resembles lymphoid blast crisis. Strikingly, co-transplantation of 4,000 BCR/ABL+ LT- or ST-HSCs with 4,000 BCR/ABL+ MPPs almost always resulted in myeloid hyperplasia suggesting an active inhibition of MPP-derived lymphoid progeny by the leukemic myeloid compartment. We reasoned that the molecular effectors for this lymphoid inhibitory effect could be extracellular signaling molecules that will be detectable in the serum of CML-developing BCR/ABL mice. Using antibody arrays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), we found that the serum concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukine-6 (IL-6) correlates with CML progression both in primary and transplanted mice. Moreover, we showed in vitro that IL-6 controls lineage fate decision of leukemic progenitors by promoting myeloid differentiation from MPPs at the expense of the B lymphoid lineage differentiation. As such, IL-6 targets both normal and malignant MPPs thereby providing a positive feedback loops that promote CML development. In summary, our results identify and functionally characterize a pathological hierarchy in CML that includes LSC and immature leukemic progenitors. They uncover a novel fate-regulatory mechanism at the systemic level that controls the differentiation outcome of the leukemic progenitors and can have key implication for disease progression. Taken together, they demonstrate that CML evolution is the result of a balance between BCR/ABL cell intrinsic effects and environmental cues and provide a rational for the paradoxical myeloid-lymphoid conversion that can be observed during lymphoid blast crisis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Mondo (Naples, 1699–1700), indeed a significant work of the Neapolitan Enlightenment that still deserves further consideration. Isabella Pina's engagement with Alvaro Semedo's Imperio de la China (Madrid, 1642) emphasizes continuity. Ekaterina Simonova-Gudzenko's work on early Portuguese maps of Japan would have profited from greater context and an engagement with Peter Shapkinsky's work on the transition between Buddhist temple strategies of mapping and Tokugawa cartography during a transitional period involving both civil war and European arrival. Hsu Kuang-Tai's piece on a Jesuit map (one that your reviewer has brieflymentioned as known to John Selden through a copy in Cotton's library) starts the process of untangling the important history of thismap, but it ultimately leaves things murky in terms of the precise history of the copies involved. Some of the individual papers, although not necessarily integrated into the broader themes of the conference, make important contributions in themselves. Lim Jongtai's piece about the encounter between the Jesuit João Rodrigues and the Korean envoy to the Ming court Chong Tuwon in 1631 mobilizes new sources and gift inventories to overturn traditional interpretations about knowledge transfer. The precision gained from Alexi Volkov tabulation of information from the maps of Vietnam by Alexandre de Rhodes (1650, 1653) is overshadowed by the fact that the maps were derivative and intended for illustrative purposes. Ugo Baldini's excellent work on the eighteenth-century Jesuit Giacomo Simonelli comes to the conclusion that he was ʻpartially original'. Vera Dorofeeva-Lichtmann provides a much-needed update to clichés and errors often repeated in footnotes by many of those, including your reviewer, who rely on the work of the Portuguese map historian Armando Cortesão (1891–1977) about Luis Jorge de Barbuda, whom she suggests was most likely to have been Ludovicus Georgius. Recognition of his role in the first printed map of China by Abraham Ortelius (1584) provides an important missing piece in the history of cartography. In these studies of Rodrigures, Simonelli and Barbuda, scholars working on those particular topics will find important revisions to existing scholarship. Mario Cams's piece on the Qing Huangyu Quanlan Tu (1719), which he has since updated in scholarship published after 2014, nevertheless offers essential work on the map's publication history without, though, elucidating the role of the quirky Lazarist Matteo Ripa (1682–1746). Dimitri Bayuk's piece on the Jesuit Antoine Gaubil (1689–1759) and on the connection between the Delisle's brothers in France and the St Petersburg Academy is a key puzzle piece, but one wishes the puzzle itself were more clearly articulated. For Bayuk, the lack of a framework for the bigger questions makes it difficult to estimate ʻthe value of the scientific network built up by the astronomers in different parts of the globe, in particular Russia and China ...' In these two cases, the potential can be seen for research questions directed more broadly, if the editors had worked to enable this more effectively. Gestures towards a broader framing can be seen in some papers. Alexandra Curvelo's somewhat undeveloped notion of ʻvisual bilingualism' in the context of the Jesuit painting seminary in Japan is a helpful way of pushing the discussion beyond vague notions like hybridity. Ryuji Hiraoka uses diagrams as a method for articulating the different versions of Jesuit cosmological and theological arguments, going beyond the sixteenthcentury discussion of 'accommodation' and highlighting how much of the overarching mission was articulated in an iterative manner, slowly over time, in East Asia. Chu Pingyi starts to delve into the relationship between printing Chinese calendars and the appropriation of Jesuit scientific work, bringing tantalizingly brief attention to material (as opposed to representational) questions about the history of media in China. Catherine Jami ends her piece on a sceptical note, suggesting that xixue (Western learning) did little to challenge the ʻuniversalism' of NeoConfucianism, framing matters when working on the profoundly interdisciplinary questions of knowledge translation and the ʻcirculation of representations'. As Saraiva and Jami note in their introduction, stay tuned for the sequel, Portugal and East Asia VI.


Article history: Received: October 7, 2018 Received in revised format: November 29, 2018 Accepted: December 16, 2018 Available online: December 18, 2018 This study examines the effect of strategic management on work performance through organizational commitment, and the influence of strategic management and organizational commitment on employee performance who worked at Muhammadiyah University of Indonesia. The sample used according to the calculation of cluster sampling probability proportionate to size model (PPS) with the formulation of Slovin which yielded 386 employees at 12 muhammadiyah universities in Indonesia. The developed instrument combines part of the existing questionnaire related to strategic management, organizational commitment, and work performance, using the Likert Method of Successive Interval (MSI) scale. The data were analyzed by regression equation using SPSS 21 software. The findings of this study concluded that strategic management and organizational commitment affect the performance of employees. Moreover, strategic management along with organizational commitment affect the performance of employees. Finally, the effect of strategic management factors under the title of understanding of planning, adequacy to company, and utilization along with organizational commitment is observed positive on the work achievements. For the better understanding, the effects of these factors should also be observed as presented through regression findings of the study. Based on such findings, it is suggested that management of the selected universities should consider the integration between strategic management, organizational commitment, and work achievements. © 2019 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada


It is shown that if R is an integral domain which is not a field, and U2(R[x]) is the subgroup of SL2(R[x]) generated by all unipotent elements, then the quotient group SL2(R[x])/U2(R[x]) has a free quotient of infinite rank.


At present,phlegm turbidity congestion syndrome is the main and hazardous traditional Chinese medicine( TCM)syndrome of coronary heart disease( CHD). Compared with other TCM syndromes,both of the degree of blood lipid metabolic disturbance in patients and the degree of abnormal oxidative stress state in the body and the injury degree of endothelial function are the worst. The classical of Qutan Sanjie Fang,such as Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction,Gualou Xiebai Baijiu Decoction and the single herb in formulae,not only for myocardial ischemia,myocardial ischemia- reperfusion leaded by various reasons present obvious intervention effect,but also especially for CHD phlegm turbidity congestion syndrome showed the unique and more remarkable curative effect. According to characteristics of the disease syndrome,this paper expounds the pharmacological effects of the formulae and its mechanism,such as reducing blood lipid,reversing the abnormal state of oxidative stress,repairing endothelial function,etc,expecting to inspire new ideas of in- depth research on the classical formulas of expectorant fights.


SLAM(Simultaneous localization and mapping) and AI(Artificial intelligence) have been active research areas in robotics for two decades. In particular, localization is one of the most important issues in mobile robot research. Until now expensive sensors like a laser sensor have been used for the mobile robot's localization. Currently, as the RFID reader devices like antennas and RFID tags become increasingly smaller and cheaper, the proliferation of RFID technology is advancing rapidly. So, in this paper, the smart floor using passive RFID tags is proposed and, passive RFID tags are mainly used to identify the mobile robot's location on the smart floor. We discuss a number of challenges related to this approach, such as RFID tag distribution (density and structure), typing and clustering. In the smart floor using RFID tags, because the reader just can senses whether a RFID tag is in its sensing area, the localization error occurs as much as the sensing area of the RFID reader. And, until now, there is no study to estimate the pose of mobile robot using RFID tags. So, in this paper, two algorithms are suggested to. We use the Markov localization algorithm to reduce the location(X,Y) error and the Kalman Filter algorithm to estimate the pose(θ ) of a mobile robot. We applied these algorithms in our experiment with our personal robot CMR-P3. And we show the possibility of our probability approach using the cheap sensors like odometers and RFID tags for the mobile robot's localization on the smart floor.


In recent years, many studies of 2-D oxygen saturation distribution reconstruction have provided easy access to human brain activity regions. However, only a few research focus on the home health care system using this technique. In this paper, we proposed a portable, low cost and real-time distribution reconstruction system of oxygen saturation in 2-D to make diagnosis at home possible. The system has been implemented in hardware as an oxygen saturation processor and verified on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Furthermore, we also introduce an image post processing unit to enhance the reconstruction result. Finally, we show that our system can recognize the variation of oxygen saturation region with high precision in detection tissue.


Abstract : Data published in the NORSAR seismic bulletin between February and June 1972 has been studied in order to find estimates of the detectability and location accuracy at NORSAR. The detectability is calculated from empirical frequency-magnitude distributions, and the 90% cumulative detectability for the teleseismic zone (30 degrees < delta < 90 degrees) has been estimated at (m sub b) 4.0, while values for different regions vary from 3.7 to 4.3. These are all NORSAR magnitudes. The magnitude bias between NOAA and NORSAR has been found to be 0.15 plus or minus 0.31 in the teleseismic zone. In this zone, the median location difference between NOAA and NORSAR has been estimated at 160 km, with values for different regions ranging from 130 to 340 km.


Purpose of the study: In the article, it is researched influence of theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum Nasyri to the development of education and upbringing of Tatar people.  The authors studied the conditions of the period when Kayum Nasyri lived and worked.
Methodology: In the article, it is analyzed the merits of the great Tatar enlightener. There is a description of the educational goals, tasks, and principles that Kayum Nasyri thought that should be taken by teachers in the process of education and upbringing of Tatar people.
Results: The authors of the article researched the value of theological and educational ideas of Kayum Nasyri for further changes of the educational system of Tatar people from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century which was the period of glory of Tatar philosophical thoughts.
Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the theological and educational ideas of the Tatar enlightener Kayum nasyri is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.


Consumer face a dramatic problem related to web search. They expect the most relevant and efficient results. While the result often disappoint the consumer and also their precious time. This paper propose a semantic web usage mining approach for discovering periodic internet access patterns from elucidated net usage logs which incorporates data on client emotions and behaviors through self-reporting and behavior tracking. We use fuzzy logic to represent real-life temporal ideas (e.g., morning) and requested resource attributes (ontological domain ideas for the requested URLs) of periodic pattern-primarily based web access activities. These fuzzy temporal and resource representations, that contain both behavioral and emotional cues, are incorporated into a private Web Usage Lattice that models the user's web access activities. From this, we tend to generate a private Net Usage Ontology, which enables semantic web applications such as customized web resources recommendation. Finally, we have a tendency to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by presenting experimental leads to the context of personalized net resources recommendation with varying degrees of emotional influence.


Types and characteristics of engineering geology of rcok?soil mass in the district of Yantai city are analysed, stereo?structure of rock?soil mass in the district of Yantai city is studied,and zoning characteristics for stereo?structure of rock?soil mass in the district of Yantai city are studied, cause of stereo?structure of rock?soil mass formation in the district of Yantai city is also discussed in the thesis.


PP granule containing tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3 -d ibromopropyl ether) (TBAB) was prepared using a twin-screw extruder, which was molded to sheet samples. The blooming of TBAB on PP surface was viewed using a s canning electronic microscopy (SEM) and determined quantitatively. The relative atom concentration of bromine on PP surface was analyzed using an X-ray photoel ectron spectroscopy (XPS). The kinetics of the TBAB blooming was studied.


We study the electoral effects of cellphone coverage expansion in Ghana between 2004 and 2008 using a difference-in-differences design and find that it benefits incumbents in both presidential and parliamentary elections, with gains in the latter concentrated among incumbents from the ruling party. This appears to be due to cellphone coverage expansion improving citizens' wealth and faith in the economy as opposed to their perceptions of government performance or political knowledge.


Governments are revamping their processes for business registration, which can help improve the competitiveness of their investment climates and drive growth in formally registered firms. Company registrars are deploying Information and Communications Technology (ICT) applications to reduce the time and effort required for new businesses to register, improve regulatory oversight by government, and facilitate access to company information. A recent survey conducted by the doing business and investment climate teams of the World Bank Group examines the experience of 34 company registrars in implementing new or upgraded technology solutions. This note discusses the survey's key findings, identifies several factors influencing the registrars' approaches, and summarizes key lessons in choosing and implementing ICT solutions.


The invention discloses a duck feed containing palm kernel meal and a preparation method thereof. Raw materials comprising corn, cassava slice, corn protein feed, palm kernel meal and the like are adopted, smashed and mixed to be uniform, nutrition preparations comprising lysine hydrochloride, methionine, multiple vitamins and complex enzymes are added, steam blending is carried out, so that raw powder is cured to certain extent, and then granulation is carried out, thus obtaining the finished product, wherein the palm kernel meal is obtained by stewing, peeling, squeezing and separating fresh palm berry fruit strings. In the invention, by products after palm berry fruit is squeezed for oil is used fully, the palm kernel meal is used in meat duck feed, corn and soybean meal raw materials in short supply can be saved, thus reducing production cost; other raw materials are combined, thus product is full of nutrients, has balance of protein and amino acid, is rich in vitamins microelements, has good palatability and high digestibility and can be applicable to different meat ducks, especially cherry valley meat ducks.


We make use of the operator fidelity and its susceptibility to study the quantum phase transition (QPT) of the spin-1/2 XX spin chain with three-spin interaction. The analytical results of operator fidelity and the susceptibility are obtained. From the numerical results one can see that the operator fidelity and its susceptibility present nontrivial behaviors at the critical point. We also consider the (1/2, 1) XXZ mixed-spin chain in which the ground states are degenerate. The operator fidelity approach is still effective to indicate the QPT in this system. We also generally analyze the relation between operator fidelity and QPT.


Social health insurance traditionally imposes mandatory membership in a single pool in the aim of improving the welfare of high risks. However, this creates two problems, inefficiency of a monopolistic scheme and insufficient adaptation to individual preferences. Competition combined with a risk adjustment scheme can be used to improve efficiency. In the presence of preference heterogeneity, risk selection may improve adaptation to individual preferences, resulting in Pareto improvement over the pooling contract. This is shown to be possible both under perfect and imperfect risk adjustment.


Abstract:Objectives. To determine the association between the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) with the risk of COVID-19-related mortality. Methods. We merged by county CDC's SVI and the New York Times data on coronavirus cases. We estimated the association between the SVI and risk of death from COVID-19 per 100,000 people in counties with confirmed cases (n=2,755 U.S. counties) using multivariable Poisson regression. Results. The adjusted risk of COVID-19-related death followed a non-linear pattern, with the lowest risk among SVIs from 0.05 to 0.55 (roughly 3.1 to 3.5/100,000 people) and highest risk corresponding to SVI=0.95 (6.5/100,000). Compared with a SVI=0.35, SVIs of 0.85 and 0.95 were associated with 2.3 (2.1, 2.5) and 3.4 (3.1, 3.7) excess deaths per 100,000, respectively. Conclusions. High social vulnerability is associated with increased risk of COVID-19-related mortality among U.S. counties with confirmed cases.


Many numerical computations in science and engineering can only be solved approximately since the available infomation is partial. For instance, for problems defined ona space of functions, information about f is typically provided by few function values, $N(f) = [f(x_1), f(x_2), \ldots, f(x_n)]$. Knwing N(f), the solution is approximated by a numerical method. The error between the true and the approximate solutions can be reduced by acquiring more information. However, this increases the cost. Hence there is a trade-off between the error and the cost.


This paper analyzes and designs the small and medium-sized enterprise's employee management system based on B/S mode,and in the course of the development of the system,adopts the structural analysis,emphatically introduces the analysis and development of each functional module of the system,and points out that the system developed is helpful to strengthening the Informatized management of the employees of small and medium-sized enterprise,and thus increasing the efficiency and creating more benefits.


In long developing history of foreign bionic form furniture,bionic form style always has vigor and leads the tide.In today's ecological design and green design,bionic form furniture in combination of nature and human beings is welcomed by the people.This paper discusses developing history of foreign bionic form furniture,and summarizes developing process of modern bionic form furniture and the character of the bionic design at each period in order to provide reference for modern furniture design.


As the main gyromagnetic materials,YIG-based polycrystalline ferrites have been widely used in low-band microwave devices for high power applications.In this paper,the recent research progress in garnet-type gyromagnetic ferrites was reviewed,with main analysis and discussion on the cationic substitutions in YIG crystal structure to tailor the saturation magnetization and its temperature coefficient as well as the optimization of polycrystalline microstructures to improve the high power capacity.


Tunable vertical cavity surface‐emitting lasers (VCSELs) are potentially useful for future optical networks. To date, the most successful mechanics to realize wavelength tunability in tunable VCSELs resides in MEM‐VCSELs via microelectromechanical (MEM) technology. The key parts to accomplish wavelength tuning in these MEM‐VCSELs are controllably movable top mirrors. We present dynamic problems in developing and characterizing these micromirrors. Simulation results of four different mirror shapes with different dimensions are presented. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 203–207, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11170


Perovskite type oxide are known to be catalysts for a number of reactions such as total and partial oxidation, hydrocracking, hydrogeneous, hydrogenolysis and reduction etc. Efforts has largely been directed towards synthesis of unsupported and supported perovskites oxides of moderates or high specific area, their bulk and surface properties and their role in heterogenous catalysis. Oxidation of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon over LaMO3 (M=Al, Ni, Mn, Co, Fe, Cr etc.) perovskites have been studied. Vapour phase catalytic oxidation of toluene over perovskites Viz., LaCoO3, LaCoO3/ SiO2 and LaCoO3/Al2O3 has been studied. The characterization of the catalyst was carried out using technique Viz. I.R., Surface area, Packing density. Surface acidity, Surface basicity. The surface area measurements in the temperature range 350ºC to 600ºC. The maximum surface area & maximum activity was observed at 450ºC. The heterogeneous catalytic vapour phase oxidation of toluene give benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, maleic acid and CO2 as products over LaCoO3 and LaCoO3 supported on Al2O3 and SiO2 as catalyst. The LaCoO3 supported on Al2O3 has been found to be the most active and selective catalyst giving 84.0% selectivity for benzaldehyde at 450⁰C with surface area 78.9m2/g. The overall Kinetic analysis indicate that the oxidation of Toluene to benzaldehyde is first order. The order of catalytic reactivity is LaCoO3/Al2O3 > LaCoO3/ SiO2 > LaCoO3.


In real-time high-resolution B-mode ultrasound (US) imaging, the lateral resolution, or the number of scan lines, may be limited due to the speed of sound, if a longer penetration depth is needed as in obese patient imaging. To deal with this limitation, we propose to apply a super-resolution (SR) technique to US B-mode scan images of low lateral and high depth resolutions. Recently, several deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown good performance in SR of natural images. However, they usually provide rare improvement on image textures. To alleviate this problem, SRGAN is proposed. In the US image, speckle noise can be considered as a texture. It is furthermore observed that its degree of fineness is important to determine the image resolution, in addition to structural sharpness. We hence adopt and modify the SRGAN to make B-mode US images of low lateral resolution similar to their original high-resolution (HR) images. We first define a problem of US SR as the recovery of HR images from 4-to-l laterally sub-sampled low-resolution (LR) images. Those LR images are acquired by using a quarter of the number of scan lines required for HR images. LR images thereby have asymmetric resolution, or low lateral and high depth resolution. It should be noted in this acquisition that the beam width is widened four times with respect to the acquisition of HR images, to reduce unwanted aliasing artifacts along the lateral direction. In order to efficiently improve the lateral resolution, we slightly modify the network architecture of SRGAN.


We consider Bayesian online selection problem of a matching in bipartite graphs, i.e., online weighted matching problem with edge arrivals where online algorithm knows distributions of weights, that corresponds to the intersection of two matroids in Kleinberg and Weinberg [35] model. We consider a simple class of non adaptive vertex-additive policies that assign static prices to all vertices in the graph and accept each edge only if its weight exceeds the sum of the prices of the edge's endpoints. We show existence of a vertex-additive policy with the expected payoff of at least one third of the prophet's payoff and present gradient decent type algorithm that quickly converges to the desired vector of vertex prices. This improves the adaptive online policy of Kleinberg and Weinberg for the intersection of two matroids in two ways: our policy is non adaptive and has better approximation guarantee of 3 instead of previous guarantees 5.82 of Kleinberg and Weinberg and 2•e=5.43 of Feldman et al. [23] against the prophet. We give a complementary lower bound of 2.25 for any online algorithm in the bipartite matching setting.


Over the past decades, the development of CT technologies has been largely driven by the needs for cardiac imaging but the temporal resolution remains insufficient for clinical CT in difficult cases and rather challenging for preclinical micro-CT since small animals, as human cardiac disease models, have much higher heart rates than human. To address this challenge, here we report a Stationary Multi-source AI-based Real-time Tomography (SMART) micro-CT system. This unique scanner is featured by 29 source-detector pairs fixed on a circular track to collect x-ray signals in parallel, enabling instantaneous tomography in principle. Given the multisource architecture, the field-of-view only covers a cardiac region. To solve this "interior problem", an AI-empowered interior tomography approach is developed to synergize sparsitybased regularization and learning-based reconstruction. To demonstrate the performance and utilities of the SMART system, extensive results are obtained in physical phantom experiments and animal studies, including dead and live rats as well as live rabbits. The reconstructed volumetric images convincingly demonstrate the merits of the SMART system using the AIempowered interior tomography approach, enabling cardiac micro-CT with the unprecedented temporal resolution of 30ms, which is an order of magnitude higher than the state of the art.


Advances in material sciences, control algorithms, and manufacturing techniques have facilitated rapid progress in soft grippers, propelling their adoption in various fields. In this review article, a comprehensive overview of the design and control aspects of intelligent soft robotic grippers tailored specifically for agricultural product handling is provided. Soft grippers have emerged as a promising solution for handling delicate and fragile objects. In this article, the recent progress in various gripper design, including fluidic and mechanical grippers, is elucidated and the role of advanced control approaches in enabling intelligent functions, such as object classification and grasping condition evaluation, is explored. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities pertaining to implementation of soft grippers in the agricultural industry are thoroughly discussed. While most demonstrations of soft grippers and their control strategies remain at the experimental stage, in this article, it is aimed to provide insights into the potential applications of soft grippers in agricultural product handling, thereby inspiring future research in this field.


A machine learning (ML) model is built based on a set of data called "training data". The premise and foundational assumption for machine learning applications in the real world is that the patterns the model has learned from such training data are valid in making a prediction as new data come in. However, ML models, even those build with the highest quality data and carefully engineered, start to decay over time.


Two novel coumarin-derived fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized for the quantitative determination of biothiols, such as cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH) and homocysteine (Hcy). Both probes selectively and sensitively detected biothiols in vitro, and successfully sensed biothiols in vivo with low cytotoxicity, suggesting their potential application for biothiol detection.


The aim of the research was to develop a ropinirole mouth-dissolving film employing solvent casting and spin coating methods with sesbenia gum acting as a film-forming agent. Parkinson's disease is treated with ropinirole. Sesbenia gum was designed as a film-forming ingredient in the 25 to 600 mg concentration range for solvent casting and 50 to 250 mg for spin coating. For both procedures, the concentration of the plasticizer propylene glycol was optimized between (0.3 and 1.0 mL). Film-forming agent and plasticizer effects at various concentrations were examined. For the solvent casting and spin coating processes, the plasticizer concentration was 0.3 mL for each, while the optimal film-forming agent concentrations were 50 and 150 mg, respectively. Ropinirole MDFs were made employing an enhanced concentration and more excipients. In comparison to the solvent casting approach, the spin coating process produced films with better surface morphology, a 24 seconds shorter disintegration time, good tensile strength of 3.2 (N/mm2), a thinner thickness of 0.2 mm, and a maximum drug content of 93.14%. Sesbenia gum has been discovered to have greater potential for the spin-coating method of developing a ropinirole mouth-dissolving film.


Brassinosteroids (BRs) have come a long way since their first identification in 1979 as pollen-derived, growth-promoting hormones. Multiple studies have demonstrated roles for BRs in the control of cell elongation, pollen fertility, root architecture, seed germination, stomatal patterning, vascular


The major goal of host range testing in biological control is to minimize the probability that released biological control agents have unwanted effects on populations of non-target hosts. This leads to a non-trivial problem in statistical hypothesis testing, since the standard approach in statistical tests is to ask whether or not an effect – in this case acceptance of a nontarget host – exists and to attribute a precise probability to err only with rejecting the null hypothesis that assumes no effect. The problem is that it is difficult to assign a probability with accepting the null hypothesis of no effect, i.e., that the biological control agent does not include a given non-target insect into its host range. Yet, this piece of information is exactly what we need for high precision and confidence. Confidence in this respect increases with sample size and the statistical effect size, i.e., the difference from the null hypothesis that is considered biologically meaningful. However, sample size is often limited due to limitations in test subjects, research money, and space for testing arenas. Consequently, there is a high premium on using a very good experimental design and employing the most powerful statistical approach available. This paper discusses common problems with experimental designs, emphasizes the necessity to decide on the statistical effect size that is biologically meaningful, points towards the need to determine the statistical power of the host range test employed, and provides an overview about powerful statistical approaches for analyzing experiments on the host range of potential biological control agents.


Given a sequence of independent, identically distributed random variables,
taking nonnegative integer values, we consider the asymptotic behavior of the
counting processes of -records (observations greater than the previous maximum
plus a fixed real number ) and ties for the maximum (observations equal
to the previous maximum).
We pay special attention to weak records, because of their direct relation
with ties for the maximum. Although discrete records and weak records have
attracted attention in recent years, most papers are focused on record values
rather than their counting process.
Using a martingale approach, we obtain laws of large numbers and central
limit theorems. The conditions for the existence of such limits as well as the
normalizing sequences depend on the tail behavior of the distribution of the
underlying random variable. Applications to well-known distributions are given.


Introduction: Boerhaavia diffusa is a species of flowering plant in the four o'clock family which is commonly known as punarnava, red spiderling, spreading hogweed, or tarvine. It is taken in herbal medicine for pain relief and other uses.  Zinc oxide is used to treat or prevent minor skin irritations such as burns, cuts, and diaper rash. Some products may be used as sunscreen.
Materials and Methods: Bovine serum albumin was used for the assay. 2ml of bovine albumin was mixed with 400micro microliter of hyaluronic acid mediated zinc nanoparticles in different concentrations. Diclofenac sodium in different concentrations was used as standard and then incubated for 55 c for 20 min and then the result was analysed spectrometrically.
Results: According to the results, at 10μl, 20μl ,30μl , 40μl and 50μl concentration the percentage of inhibition  is 25%, 50%, 75%, 85%, 90%, when compared to standard concentration and its percentage of inhibition is 95% . As the concentration increases, the percentage of inhibition also increases.
Conclusion: From the above study, it is evident that zinc sulphate nanoparticles synthesised by Boerhevia diffusa based showed a potent anti-inflammatory effect.


Introduction Diamonds are by far the most popular gemstone in America and many other parts of the world. Because of this popularity and the high prices of quality gemstones, there is a large market for cheaper stones that resemble diamonds as well as diamonds that have been treated to improve their appearance. Detecting these stones can be a significant problem for diamond buyers if these stones are represented as natural diamonds by unscrupulous sellers. FT-IR spectroscopy can be a useful tool for buyers and sellers to determine whether diamonds are natural. Diamonds are unique among gemstones because they are composed of a single element (carbon), while virtually all other gems contain multiple elements including significant amounts of oxides. The infrared spectrum of diamond is equally unique and can be used to easily confirm that a stone is actually a diamond. A diamond consists of crystalline carbon and the extreme conditions required to create them also provide a way for trace amounts of other elements to be trapped in the crystal matrix. The most important trace element is nitrogen, which can be found in different forms in the diamond crystal. These nitrogen aggregates create unique features in the infrared spectrum and are key in classifying diamonds. Hydrogen, boron and carbonates are other important trace elements, all of which have identifiable features in the infrared spectral region. While it is easy to confirm that a stone is a diamond, it is much more difficult to determine if it is synthetic or treated. Laboratory grown high pressure-high temperature (HPHT) diamonds are now commercially available and their identification is one of the major challenges for the gem industry today. The infrared peaks corresponding to the nitrogen aggregates or presence of other elements can be used to provide valuable evidence that a stone is not natural. In this application note, we will describe several techniques based on FT-IR spectroscopy that are extremely valuable to gemological laboratories. The Thermo Scientific NicoletTM 6700 FT-IR spectrometer equipped with an optimized beam condenser or reflection accessory has the sensitivity to rapidly acquire high quality spectra from faceted diamonds. When the system is configured with the Thermo Scientific TQ AnalystTM multivariate analysis software, automated workflows can be created to automatically analyze the spectral data and quickly report the results. Once the stone has been properly positioned in the instrument, a complete analysis can be completed in less than a minute with no effect on the stone itself.


One approach to realizing multi-carrier modulation uses discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation. When the DMT technology is applied in asymmetric digital subscriber lines (ADSL) and very high speed digital subscriber lines (VDSL) systems, fixed cyclic prefix (CP) length is necessary. When the channel impulse response is longer than the predefined cyclic prefix length, the interactive distortion between the carriers at the channel output occurs. In the paper, an approach that can remove the distortion by introducing a precoder at the transmitter has been proposed. Even though, the introduction of precoder will increase transmitting power, the distortion can be diminished and the system performance improved.


Guided by the conceptual frameworks of social support appraisal mechanisms and cultural variant perspectives, the reported experiences of 23 Black grandmothers parenting grandchildren who receive cash assistance under the current welfare program, Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF), were used to integrate macro- and micro-level perspectives by exploring mechanisms used to appraise social support resources within a historical context. Mechanisms of social support appraisals included personal esteem (i.e., adaptive pride, self-reliance, and personal resources) and social penetration (i.e., family respect and responsibility, reaction to myths or stereotypical views held about poor people, and normative child-centered activities) as economically poor grandmothers demonstrated strong personal integrity and familial responsibility. Grandmothers relied on a wide range of sources for formal and informal support to provide for their grandchildren. Recommendations for future research are discussed to fortify established family defenses.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the formation and prerequisites for the development of psychological service in law enforcement agencies, as well as to generalize the problems that face the modern psychological service. We analyze psychological and pedagogical literature and present main stages of the development of psychological service in law enforcement agencies in Russia and abroad. We consider the works and studies of scientists who have had a significant impact, as well as contributing to the creation of psychological services in law enforcement agencies. We note the specifics of the activities of psychologists of various law enforcement agencies abroad and in Russian psychological services. We consider the current state of psychological service in law enforcement agencies, and also identify the main problems facing psychological services in the modern period, requiring the search for effective solutions. The elements that make up the success of the work of the psychological service are emphasized. The main purpose of the psychological service, its role and the dependence of the process of increasing the success of functioning are determined. The definition of a psychological service functioning in law enforcement agencies is given. The current state of the psychological service in Russia and abroad is characterized. The most important and most significant events that influenced the formation of the system of training specialists in the field of professional activity are noted. The historical method and the analysis of the literature allowed us to identify works that largely determined the directions of research, both in military and legal psychology and pedagogy, which in many ways became the basis for the creation of psychological services.


Introduction: Not many studies have been reported from Portugal or Brazil to date, regarding the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 on lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people, especially from a qualitative perspective. Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of 65 self-identified LGB individuals from Portugal and Brazil participated in this study. Thirty-two participants were from Portugal and 33 from Brazil. The average age was 34.48 years (standard deviation = 11.66), ranging from 19 to 67. We used an online interview approach in an asynchronous format. All study respondents completed a structured inquiry consisting of a short section of sociodemographic questions and a single open-ended question: "As a lesbian, gay, bisexual (or other) self-identified person, please elaborate on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted your life." Results: The thematic analysis of participants' responses revealed 9 recurring themes, encompassing 18 subcategories to occur: mental health (depression, anxiety, fear, anger, and loneliness), isolation (social distancing and leisure impediments), relationships (family and friends), work-related problems, education-related problems, financial problems, changes (behavioral changes and opportunity to grow), coping (seeking support, accessing information and physical activities), and LGBTQI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex) topics (health barriers, going back into the closet, pride celebration events, and online dating). Conclusions: Our results provide voice to LGB Portuguese and Brazilian people during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrating specific challenges exacerbated by stigma and sexual discrimination amplified by preexistent social inequalities.


As the increasing comprehensive,diversified development of the financial service market,coupled with financial derivative product arising,complexity,which render consumer' s substantive unbalanced status aggravated with respect to the financial resources as well as information comparing with the financial institution,which also give rise to a flood of transaction disputes.The traditional judicial remedies are often hard to satisfy consumers' demand to solve the dispute impartially,effectively and rapidly.Therefore,Alternative Financial Dispute Resolutions(Financial ADR) are highly recommended by all nations.United Kingdom Financial Ombudsman Service(FOS) system has become a successfully model among the financial ADR through good performance in its operation,which is used as a synonym for financial ADR to some extent.Based on these circumstances,this paper chooses United Kingdom' s FOS system as a research topic,and pays efforts to make a full evaluation to this system from the perspective of historically development,system arrangement and practical operation,also seeking to explore its systematic features based on contemporary research and provides good sights to current financial system.


trenches of various sizes and depths where it is covered with earth, or with earth mixed with ashes and refuse. Sometimes, after a year or more, crops are grown on the site of the trenches, or with the rotted manure taken from them. In practice the trenching method produces noxious odours, often allows flies to breed, and can hardly be called a sanitary means of disposal. (3) Even in the few cities served by a waterborne sewage system, the sludge is always difficult to handle, and other refuse has still to be dealt with usually by incineration (Williams, 1924), (Leather, 1895), (Kelkar, 1909). In Western countries also, collection and carting of night-soil is still generally practised in the smaller communities and in outlying parts of cities. The refuse is handled in much the same way as in India, though sometimes a little sorting is done to obtain by-products, or differential treatment given to special kinds of waste, but this only applies to well-organized cities (Hering and Greely, 1921).


The invention relates to a preparation method of quercetin; the process carries out a plurality of times of reflux extraction with folium ginkgo as raw material and with sodium hydroxide as extract, combines, filters and prepares crude extract, and the acid is adjusted to 9 to 11 pH value; the reflux, heating and hydrolysis are continued, the crude extract is cooled, the acid is adjusted and stays still overnight, and solid is prepared after filtration; and the solid is washed for 2 to 3 times, the prepared crude product is crystallized for a plurality of tomes in 95 percent ethanol, and the product is prepared. The adoption of the method to produce products has the advantages of low cost, high yield, high purity and high raw material utilization rate.


The authors describe how to apply the inertial parameter regrouping method to increase the efficiency of two widely used forward dynamics algorithms, R. Featherstone's (1983) articulated-body inertia algorithm and M.W. Walker and D.E. Orin's (1982) composite body algorithm. It is shown that the inertial parameter regrouping method can be applied to the articulated-body inertia algorithm by simply replacing the original spatial inertia matrices with new ones consisting of the regrouped inertial parameters. In addition, M. Gautier and W. Khalil's (1988) regrouping method is used to reformulate the composite body algorithm in a more computationally efficient form. Examples are presented which show that the proposed algorithms considerably reduce the number of operations.<<ETX>>