(word. doc) should be separate from the PDFs and include information about their virtual format if this is relevant. This information should include: • The reason(s) why the meeting will take/took place virtually (covid- 19/travel restrictions, etc). • The Forum was held both online and offline. All participants who took part offline provided vaccination certificates. The online forum was held for participants who did not have the opportunity to participate in the forum directly or to submit a report in person. Including, in order to be able for the majority of participants to participate in the Forum in a format convenient for them. • Location where the organisers will be/were. • The Forum was held on the premises of the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Almaty, Kazakhstan • The Model, for example, the plenary, the contributions, the time spent to deliver the talks by each speaker. • • The version of the poster or oral presentation was adopted as a model of reports, both online and offline. Plenary lectures were conducted both online and offline, through the presentation and oral presentation of the speaker. In each section, the time for a report was different, on average it ranged from 20 to 30 minutes. • The discussions, the feasibility, room for Q&A? • All questions and discussions were held in conference halls of 5 sections. Including online. Everyone could ask a question and get an answer, upon completion of the report, 10-15 minutes were allotted for this procedure. • The participants: location and the overall attendance number expected. • The participants took part in the forum on the territory of the Institute of Nuclear Physics. Within 5 days, more than 90% of the participants took part offline. There were more than 90 offline participants in total. In general, about 300 applications were accepted for participation in the forum. • The technology needed to deliver the meeting successfully. • The Forum was provided with the most modern technical equipment. Each section contained several projectors, computers and microphone sets for the participants. To ensure high parallelization of communication, high-speed Internet access was used for each 4G section. • Mention any technical difficulties. • • Technical difficulties during the forum were minor and were resolved as they arose. All forum participants appreciated the high level of technical equipment of the forum. • Mention any drawbacks in the delivery of the conference virtually, e.g. impact on the community. • No shortcomings were identified during the forum. The forum had an extremely positive impact on the public, which was mentioned in his speech for the journalists of the national channel, the chairman of the forum and the general director of the INP Batyrzhan Karakozov. Please make sure that the following information is included in the preface: l. The full list of committees names and affiliations which shall be published as part of the preface. Editors of proceedings, ORGANISING COMMITTEE, INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD, and ORGANIZED BY are available in the pdf.


The article reviews the dissemination of the key works on Chinese Medicinal dietotherapy to Japan,as well as their history of being spread in Japan.Since the 5th century AD,works on Chinese Medicinal dietotherapy were disseminated to Japan in the Tang,Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties.The dissemination of the key works on Chinese Medicinal dietotherapy to Japan led to far-reaching impact on Japanese Medicinal dietotherapy culture.Chinese Medicinal dietotherapy deeply impacts the development of Japanese catering concept,catering customs and habits.


This paper presents a theoretical analysis for the flow and heat transfer induced by Marangoni convection and an efficient analytical decomposition and numerical technique is given. The approximately analytical solution may be represented in terms of a rapid convergent power series with elegantly computable terms. The results are compared with the numerical ones in references and the associated transfer behavior is analyzed.


The article deals with the problem of the formation of the professional competence of a future foreign language teacher. The essence of the notion of "professional competence of a future foreign language teacher " and its structure has been revealed.
Pedagogical conditions which are to be created to form the professional competence of a future foreign language teacher, have been determined.


Against the background of the development of Western China and China's accession to WTO, this paper, in accordance with the basic guidelines of China on the development of Western China, presents a deep analysis of speeding up the construction of infrastructure, building and protecting ecological environment, readjusting and optimizing industrial structure and promoting the development of science, technology and education. It also covers the post-WTO issues in national treatment, firm financing, property right protection, and strengthening management and services, and puts forward some policy suggestions about how to expand the development space for private economy in Western China.


Objective To study the effects of N-acetylglucosamine on the activity of mushroom tyrosinase in vitro as well as on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. Methods Various concentrations (1.5 - 50 mmol/L) of N-acetylglucosamine were used to incubate with mushroom tyrosinase for 10 minutes following by the measurement of dopa oxidase activity of tyrosinase. B16 melanoma cells were cultured and treated with six concentrations (1.5 - 100 mmol/L) of N-acetylglu-cosamine for 72 hours; then, the cell proliferation of, melanogenesis and expression of tyrosinase protein and activity of tyrosinase in cultured B16 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-lysis method, immunocytochemical method and dopa oxidation assay, respectively. Results N-acetylglucosamine of 1.5, 3, 6.25, 25 and 50 mmol/L significantly inhibited the activity of mush-room tyrosinase compared with phosphate buffered saline (0.7380 ± 0.0254, 0.7293 ± 0.0382, 0.7247 ± 0.0389, 0.7233 ± 0.0186, 0.7043 ± 0.0166 vs 0.8183 ± 0.0326, P < 0.05 or 0.01). After treatment with N-acetylglucosamine of 25, 50 and 100 mmol/L, a significant suppression was observed in cell proliferation (ahsorbance: 0.5410 ± 0.0496, 0.4480 ± 0.0246 and 0.1273 ± 0.0137 vs 0.6523 ± 0.0569) of and melano-genesis (absorbance at 460 nm: 0.0070 ± 0.0008, 0.0049 ± 0.0012 and 0.0015 ± 0.0014 vs 0.0096 ± 0.0014) in B16 melanoma cells. Also, decreased activity (absorbance at 460 nm: 0.1003 ± 0.0404 and 0.0130 ± 0.0053 vs 0.2283 ± 0.0691 ) and protein expression ( 13.2700 ± 0.9741 and 8.5667 ± 2.0345 vs 17.4703 ± 2.0583 ) of tyrosinase were noted in B16 cells treated with N-acetylglucosamine of 50 and 100 mmol/L. Conclusions These studies show that N-acetylglucosamine inhibits tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in murine B16 melanoma cells. Hence, N-acetylglucosamine may serve as a skin lightening agent in the future.

Key words:
Tumor cells;  cultured;  Monophenol monooxygenase;  Melanins;  N-acetylglucosamine


The article considers theoretical and practical aspects of the organization of pedagogical interaction in higher-educational institutions. It is noted that the category of "interactionˮ was first used in the works of philosophers in the context of interpreting natural theories of the origin of the universe in the VII–VI centuries. BC. It is proved that pedagogical interaction in a pandemic time requires new approaches for its practical implementation. Based on the theoretical analysis of scientific sources, it is shown that pedagogical interaction is the result of awareness of participants of the educational process: social, professional and activity experience; experience of activity and interpersonal relations in a small group; intersubjective experience. The analysis of separate semantic and functional features of the category "interactionˮ in the system of psychological and pedagogical concepts, in particular: influence, mutual influence, activity, contacts is offered. The variety of goals of pedagogical interaction, which are realized by its participants, is described: formation of a competent specialist in the chosen field; creating conditions for the formation of motivational readiness of students for professional growth; usage of means for an effective practical component of professional training of students in the conditions of lockdown restrictions. Emphasis is placed on the role of the mentor (curator) of the academic group in establishing effective pedagogical interaction. It is noted that the effectiveness of mentors is largely due to the usage in their professional activity the main principles of pedagogy of cooperation: the principle of equality, the principle of partnership, the principle of mutual respect. Practical advice on establishing effective pedagogical interaction in the educational environment of higher-educational institutions is offered. It is essential to have maximum access to various sources of information, keep the rights of all participants of pedagogical interaction and create invariant professionally oriented tasks in order to solve them in the online learning system. Keywords: pedagogical interaction, academic group advisor, educational process, applicants for higher education, pedagogy of cooperation.


Cytokine release syndrome and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) increase the incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients, which is associated with a poor prognosis and risk of death. The purpose of this study was to analyze urea, creatinine, and eGFR values as predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients. A retrospective cohort study was carried out using secondary data from medical records of 311 COVID-19 patients who were treated at the Hasanuddin University State Higher Education Hospital from August 2020 to August 2021. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-Square, and Logistic Regression. The risk of mortality for COVID-19 patients with urea levels > 53 mg/dL was 5.128 times higher than that of urea levels ‰  53 mg/dL (OR=5.128; CI =2.530 – 10.391, p<0.001). The risk of mortality for COVID-19 patients with creatinine levels  > 1.3  mg/dL was 2.696 times higher than that of creatinine levels  ‰  1.3  mg/dL (OR= 2.696; CI = 1.330 – 5.463, p<0.001). The risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients with an eGFR <  90  mL/min/1.73 m2  was  3.692 times higher than that of an eGFR ‰ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR=3.692; CI = 2.134 – 6.389, p<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that urea and eGFR were better predictors of mortality than creatinine (OR= 0.374, p=0.002 vs. OR 0.344, p=0.007 vs. OR 1.192, p=0.694). The COVID-19 patient group with high serum urea and creatinine levels and low eGFR values had a greater risk of mortality compared to the group of patients who had normal results. Urea levels and eGFR values were better predictors of mortality than serum creatinine.


Atroban 25% WP, Ectiban 25% WP, or Rabon 50% WP were applied to the interior and exterior surfaces of 3, 39 x 4.9 m, multiple stanchion, manually cleaned swine barns located on the Iowa State University Bilsland Swine Farm near Madrid. Treated surface areas were primarily unfinished wood. A 4th barn served as an untreated-control. Atroban and Ectiban were applied at a rate of 0.05 liter/m2 (1 gal/750 ft2) and Rabon at 0.08 liter/m2 (1 gal/500 ft2) using a sprayer delivering 40 psi. Two separate test trials were conducted. Treatments were assessed by monitoring fly populations with 3, white, 76 x 127 mm cards and 3, white, 25 x 216 mm strips placed at equal intervals inside each barn. Samples were taken pre-treatment and at weekly intervals post-treatment.


The benefits of upgrading hydraulic turbines and pump/turbines via the installation of custom designed replacement runners has been well documented in recent years. The increased operating efficiency and capacity, and improved cavitation and operating characteristics of modern replacement runners bears strong testimony to the specialized design an manufacturing techniques developed by turbine manufacturers who specialize in the upgrade business. The integration of computerized design and manufacturing technologies has resulted in the production of turbine and pump/turbine runners with a quality level not approachable with traditional techniques. This same technology can have dramatic results when applied to the upgrade of large pumps. The energy utilized to operate large irrigation, storage and cooling water pumps represents a major cost to the owners of the pumps. The operation of a 25,000 horsepower pump through one irrigation season represents an energy cost of approximately $4,000,000 per year. An increase in efficiency of 2% could result in an energy cost savings of over $100,000 per year. Pump impellers are subject to cavitation and erosion damage which reduces pump efficiency and capacity and may require costly maintenance and repairs. When designed and manufactured using modern computerized methods, an upgraded impeller can operate cavitation free at highermore » capacities and efficiencies than the original design. The costs of pump operation and maintenance can be substantially reduced by the replacement of the impellers with impellers of modern, custom design.« less


Abstract Recent advances in the molecular biology research of gastrointestinal cancer have led to successful development and approval of targeted therapies such as cetuximab, panitumumab, bevacizumab, aflibercept and regorafenib in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). These achievements have encouraged the development of innovative targeted therapies that are currently being tested in clinical trials. The increase in median survival of patients with metastatic CRC observed in the last decade is to some extent related to these new drugs. In addition to the inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in RAS wild-type tumors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in unselected populations, there is plethora of different druggable targets being explored in CRC. Two fundamental achievements will impact in the way we develop new targeted therapies in CRC. First, the recently available large scale databases on the genomic landscape in patients with CRC, like the TCGA consortium1, have provided paramount information on the genes that are frequently disregulated in CRC and has provided some fundamental data to differentiate, at least, two different patient populations with CRC: hypermutated and non-hypermutated tumors. The second approach has been built on the possibility of differentiating subtypes of CRC by gene profiling also in large datasets of patients with this disease2,3. Both approaches are at the very beginning steps but have provided some seminal knowledge to establish different molecular subtypes in CRC. In this regard, we have clearly differentiated the BRAF V600E mutant CRC population that, although it accounts only for 5-8% of patients with CRC, has clear dependence/addiction on this mutated gene/protein. Preclinical studies coming from at least two different groups have shown the dependence of these tumors on BRAF but also on some tyrosine kinase receptors that result activated as a compensatory mechanism of secondary resistance4,5. At this time point several trials are evaluating the combination of BRAF or MEK inhibitors with EGFR inhibitors. Preliminary data of these combination studies has yet been presented with encouraging efficacy6. Following the example of the BRAF mutated tumors population, these diagnostic platforms will provide information on some other populations that may be more dependant on selected gene disregulations. Another important concept that has been established is the plasticity CRC has in terms of clonal selection and clonal evolution. It has been shown by different groups that patients with tumors that have wild-type RAS status, once they are treated with EGFR inhibitors -treatment "pressure"-, they start showing an increase in cells that bear RAS mutations7,8. This tumor plasticity concept is fostering the development of new diagnostic approaches that may help us to provide real-time information on the proportion of different clones that compose the burden of the tumor, such as the "liquid biopsy"9. With the availability of new platforms that detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or circulating free DNA (cfDNA) we will have the opportunity to determine with non-invasive techniques the variation in the total tumor burden of the disease as well as the characterization of the most frequent clones that compose the tumor at a selected time-point. The clinical application of predictive biomarkers of response to molecular targeted agents has directed the definition of new paradigms in the development of new agents in oncology. The revolution in the knowledge of the biology and the characterization of different molecular subtypes of CRC as well as the availability of new targeted agents will translate in the next future in more therapeutic options in this disease. 1Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Nature 2012. 2Tabernero J et al. Proc ASCO GI 2013. 3Dienstmann R et al. Proc ASCO 2014. 4Corcoran RB et al. Cancer Discov 2012. 5Prahallad A et al. Nature 2012. 6Tabernero J et al. Proc ASCO 2014. 7Misale S, et al. Nature 2012. 8Diaz E, et al. Nature 2012. 9Villar E & Tabernero J. Nature 2012


Let{X,Xn}n∈Nbe a strictly stationary sequence ofρ--mixing random variables,on the basis of which almost sure central limit theorem with weight dk=k-1exp{logαk}(0≤α1/2)was obtained for the product of sums of partial sums by virtue of central limit theorem of weighted sums and the moment inequality.


The invention relates to a solar vehicle body shell capable of changing color along with temperatures in the sun. According to a detailed technical scheme, the solar vehicle body shell comprises thirteen photovoltaic panels which are respectively positioned at the top of a vehicle body, a front-row left side vehicle door, a front-row right side vehicle door, a rear-row left side vehicle door, a rear-row right side vehicle door, a front-part left side fender, a front-part right side fender, a rear-part left side fender, a rear-part right side fender, a front bumper, an engine cover, a trunk cover and a rear bumper. The solar vehicle body shell is characterized in that all the thirteen photovoltaic panels are flexible and are connected with an electric generator; the electric generator is connected with a vehicle storage battery; and the inner side of each photovoltaic panel is connected with an atmosphere temperature sensor. The solar vehicle body shell has the beneficial effects that the area of each solar photovoltaic panel is large, the surface layer of the vehicle body is bright and high in light transmittance as being coated with a polymethyl methacrylate polymer coating, and an electric control module enables a vehicle to change color along with the atmosphere temperatures according to data of the temperature sensor.


The utility model relates to a puncture tester for a soft packed plastic infusion bag which comprises an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate, a pressing bag, a pressure-stabilizing air valve and an air source, wherein the pressing bag is a sealing bag which is made from telescopic materials; the sealing bag is provided with an air inlet. The pressing bag is arranged between the upper and the lower pressure plates; the air inlet of the pressing bag is connected with one end of the pressure-stabilizing air valve by a pipe line; the other end of the pressure-stabilizing air valve is connected with the air source by the pipe line; the upper and the lower pressure plates can be installed on a machine frame; a reciprocating mechanism is arranged at the connection part of the machine frame and the upper pressure plate or / or the lower pressure plate; the reciprocating mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the upper pressure plate or the lower pressure plate in a vertical direction. The utility model has the advantage of simple structure; the utility model can meet the needs of relevant parties.


We read with interest the article titled "Endovascular transcatheter aortic valve implantation: An evolving standard" published by Sfeir PM et al. In view of the greying of the population and the higher age of patients, severe aortic stenosis patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation are more likely to have Lambl's excrescences than 10 years ago. Lambl's excrescences are small, mobile valvular strands made up of connective tissue. They are thin (o1 mm), long (410 mm) filiform projections from heart valves that show undulating independent motion. They are more commonly seen on the mitral valve than on the aortic valve, typically near the closure line of the mitral valve. Although it was first reported that they were composed of fibrin, morphologic analysis revealed the presence of collagen. Several previous case reports have shown no common morphologic and histologic structures for Lambl's excrescences. Here, we wish to share our experience of a patient with Lambl's excrescence. We have included histologic images of the excrescence. While providing anesthesia for a patient undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery, we performed transesophageal echocardiography and found the Lambl's excrescence on the aortic valve in the form of a 12-mm fibrous tissue (Fig 1). We presumed it was a flapping piece torn from the commissure between the right and left coronary cusps along the edge of the left coronary cusp. Pathologic examination of the tissue with hematoxylin eosin staining revealed that the structure consisted of connective tissue covered by a single layer of endothelial cells (Fig 2). Examination with Elastica Van Gieson's stain showed that it had a collagenous structure with elastic fibers inside and was surrounded by loose connective tissue (Fig 3). Hence, it was diagnosed as a typical Lambl's excrescence. Since these excrescences are similar in composition to cardiac valves, the strand was assumed to have come off the surface of the valve to which the strand was attached due to the flow of blood.


Among work-related diseases, musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremities have obtained increasing attention in last decades. In this paper we present and discuss the results of a work place ergonomic survey in a complex manufactory industry (Indesit S.p.A.), considering upper limbs disorders for biomechanical work-load risk. Ergonomic analysis has been performed using OCRA check-list, ORAGE method and Strain Index (S.I.). Results highlight the effectiveness use of the three arranged methods to assess risk situations and improve work places ergonomics conditions.


This paper generalizes the verifiable attribute-based encryption(VABE) with a single authority to the multi-authority scenario.When the authorized user could not decrypt the message in a multi-authority ABE,the user could figure out which authority's secret key has problem and ask this authority to resend the key.Secondly,when an authority's key did not pass the verification,it needs only to resend the corresponding part of the key instead of all the information for computing the key.Thirdly,if all keys are verified right,but the user still could not decrypt,then,something must be wrong with the ciphertext or the attributes.At last,we prove that adding the information for verification does not reduce the security of the multi-authority ABE.


Ageing and problems related to the aged are increasingly reported not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries such as Indonesia. However, despite increases in the numbers of elderly people, ageing has not yet been identified as an important policy issue in Indonesia. Existing government programs for the elderly are limited in terms of funds and resources and tend to be sectoral, centralised and specifically targeted. Health service delivery is primarily interventionist with limited consideration of early intervention and preventative care and programs are not implemented equitably to all regions in Indonesia. A dearth of research on needs of elders in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Gowa district in South Sulawesi, making it difficult to identify existing services and programs and highlight support required to meet existing and future needs. The aim of this study was to investigate programs and services needed to support elders in Indonesia and specifically in Gowa district to maintain and enhance quality of life. This study employed an action research approach wherein staff engaged in elderly health (N=21) consisting of nurses, midwives and other health professionals from community health centres (Puskesmas), formed an action research group (ARG). ARG members engaged in a critical change agenda over a 12-month timeframe from March 2010 until May 2011. This study was divided into three stages consisting of a total of four action research cycles. The first stage consisting of one cycle, preliminary investigation, involved collection of baseline data using a survey instrument. The second stage involved development of comprehensive intervention strategies. There were two action cycles in this stage, establishing action research group (Action Cycle Two) and group empowerment in Action Cycle Three. The final stage occurred after the ARG had developed strategies and implemented new practice change. In this stage, there was one action cycle (Action Cycle Four) where participants decided to continue taking action to maintain and promote wellness of the elderly in their community. Data from the preliminary study showed that health care programs for the elderly existed in every Puskesmas; however, there was variation largely due to funding, human resources and facilities. The preliminary study revealed that staff in the elderly health program of practice focussed on curative interventions with little or no health promotion and education activities. The preliminary study provided baseline data for ARG members to discuss service gaps potentially impacting on quality of life for older people in the community. Through critical reflections, ARG members identified three major themes that the group discussed, namely; context of programs and services, current practice, and factors influencing service delivery. The ARG identified existing needs in order to improve their practice including a need for more training related to their task. Subsequently, three education sessions were provided by the Provincial Health Office related to the elderly health program, and one session delivered by the researcher and a colleague. During stage two, ARG members continued to meet, sharing an emerging sense of empowerment. In action cycle two, ARG members discussed barriers and potential strategies to enhance practice. In action cycle three, ARG members conceptualised agreed methods to address service gaps. This study confirmed that staff in the elderly health program played a central role in promoting and maintaining wellness of elderly people. The ARG members found regular meetings helped them better understand their practice, and the model of care utilised and provided opportunities to share experiences in implementing the elderly health program. Although practice change impact on and in the program was not measured, participants reported that their practice moved away from engaging in curative tasks towards the inclusion of health promotion and education activities. Ongoing educational preparation for staff working in community settings, such as within elderly health programs, is one recommendation from this study. Moreover, to provide better health care services, teamwork is needed in delivering comprehensive health services for the elderly in integrated health posts (Posyandu).


Application of fluid analysis software Fluent,liquid viscous coupling of a two-phase flow has been calculated.Segregated solver,Non-steady,compressible k-e and sliding mesh model are adopted in numerical simulation.The simulation results export distribution figure of pressure,oil density and other parameters of the flow field.Analysis of these results gained slots and air distribution of liquid viscous coupling disks have an important impact on the characteristics of the viscous coupling.The results has a good agreement against the public research results,providing theory for design and study of liquid viscous coupling.


An unexpected fluorination-oxidation of 2-hydroxymethylindole using selectfluor under mild condi-tions without a catalyst is described. This new chemistry allows for efficient and rapid synthesis of various 3-fluoroindole-2-aldehydes and novel quaternary 3-fluoro-3-hydroxymethyl-2-oxindoles with up to 86% isolated yield.


A leaching process employing acidic chloride solutions, whereby the iron content of aluminous materials such as lower grade iron-containing bauxite ores is reduced, enabling the obtention of valuable products such as metallurgical grade alumina and refractory grade bauxite, previously obtainable only from higher grade low-iron aluminous materials.


The invention discloses a rigid-body mode integration test method for an automobile power assembly and a suspension system. By adopting a constant-velocity amplitude sinusoidal scanning excitation signal as an excitation source of a four-channel vibration table, the method not only can test the translation rigid body modes along X, Y and Z directions and the rotation rigid body modes around the X, Y and Z directions of the power assembly relatively well, but also can test the homonymous jump mode and incongruous jump mode of the suspension system relatively well.


The National Ignition Facility (NIF) provides the opportunity to study nuclear reactions under controlled conditions at high temperatures and pressures at a level never before achieved. However, the timescale of the deuterium-tritium (DT) implosion is only a few nanoseconds, making data collection and diagnostics very challenging. One method that has been proposed for obtaining additional information about the conditions of the implosion is to activate a dopant material using the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particles produced from the DT fuel as a diagnostic. The yield of the activated material can give a measure of the mixing that occurs in the capsule. One of the reactions that has been proposed is $^{10}\mathrm{B}(\ensuremath{\alpha},n)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{13}\mathrm{N}$ as it produces a radioactive reactant product with a convenient half-life of $\ensuremath{\approx}10\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{min}$. Although this reaction has several advantages for the application at hand, it has not seen much study in the present literature, resulting in large uncertainties in the cross section. Furthermore, for the current application, the cross section must be well characterized. With this motivation, the $^{10}\mathrm{B}(\ensuremath{\alpha},n)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{13}\mathrm{N}$ cross section has been remeasured for $2.2l{E}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}l4.9\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$ with the angle-integrated ground-state cross section reported for the first time. The present results, combined with previous measurements, allow for a determination of the cross section to a significantly higher degree of accuracy and precision than obtained previously and are shown to be consistent with thick-target measurements. Preliminary calculations are performed to test the feasibility of this reaction as a diagnostic for a NIF implosion.


Access to primary preventive dental care will likely decrease in a poor economy, challenging all health care providers to identify inexpensive ways to help families prevent tooth decay. The incidence of tooth decay in very young children is increasing. Tooth decay can result in death in children if the subsequent infection is untreated. However, easy, inexpensive, and effective strategies exist to improve the dental health of children, and non-dental health care providers can introduce families to very useful nutritional and dental practices.


Objective To appraise the applying of QTVI to diagnosis of coronary heart disease(CHD) by analyzing the index of movement velocity of ventricle myocardium.Methods In this study we research on 80 patients with coronary arteriography(CAG) and were divided into health adult group,single vessel involved group,multiple vessel involved group.According to the CAG results,compared 8 point of the Vs Ve Va peak velocities of the basilar part and the middle section of lateral wall,ventricular septum,inferior wall,anterior wall and carried out significance test among the three groups.Results the peak velocities of Vs、Ve in health adult group and single vessel involved group had no significant difference and multiple vessel involved group had significantly reduced(P0.05).But the peak velocities of Va have no significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion QTVI technology can precisely determine the part movment velocity of myocardium accuratly.It is valuable to clinical application on non-invasive diagnosis of CHD.


The study investigated accessibility to and utilization of electronic resources among pre-service teachers in the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN). Survey research design was used to carry out the study. Two hundred and thirty eighty (238) undergraduate students studying to obtain Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) by distance were purposively sampled from Ibadan Study Centre of the institution. The results from the survey revealed that electronic resources in different forms like radio broadcast, ejournals, e-books, and CD-ROM, among others, are available and accessible to the pre-service teacher trainees by distance. However, limited internet connectivity and inadequate access to electricity were shown as major factors constraining most of the participants from accessing and utilizing the available electronic resources. The study recommends for the distance learning providers in developing nations to partner with telecommunication firms and internet service providers with a view to providing constant and affordable internet services to their learners, especially those that are studying to become classroom teachers.


Air-water flow is an undesired condition in water pipelines and hydropower tunnels. Water pipelines and wastewater pressure mains in particular are subject to air pocket accumulation in downward sloping reaches, such as inverted siphons or terrain slopes. Air pockets cause energy losses and an associated capacity reduction. Despite its practical relevance, many phenomena associated with airwater flow in downward sloping pipe reaches are still poorly understood. Deltares and Delft University of Technology have investigated the co-current flow of air and water in twelve different large-scale facilities. Pothof and Clemens have recently developed a numerical model for the total air discharge by flowing water in downward sloping pipes. The model has been validated against the experimental data on co-current air-water flow and available literature. This paper presents new experimental data on the breakdown and removal of large air pockets. The experimental results are compared with the numerical model. The observed disagreement is analysed and discussed. The main conclusion is that the numerical model predicts the air pocket breakdown rate with reasonable accuracy.


Using 2 examples each including 4 types of profile, a study is made of the problems involved in laying track and ballast on lattice girder bridges.


Indole Alkaloids of Kopsia dasyrachis Ridl.

From the leaves of Kopsia dasyrachis Ridl. three new indole alkaloids, kopsidasine-N-oxide (1), kopsidasine (2) and kopsidasinine (3) have been isolated. Reduction of 1 with SO2 afforded 2; treatment of 2 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid gave 1. The structure elucidation of 1 and 2, and the deternmination of their relative configurations are based mainly on the correlation of derivative 6 with the known ring skeleton of pleiocarpine (9) (Scheme 1). The structure of 3 has been established via its Hofmann degradation product 13 also prepared by treatment of 2 with CH3I (Scheme 3).


Catheter Ablation of Ligament of Marshall Tissue. Introduction: The ligament of Marshall is a left atrial neuromuscular bundle with sympathetic innervation that may be a source of atrial fibrillation (AF)‐inducing automatic activity.


Pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) recognition leads to TANK‐binding kinase (TBK1) polyubiquitination and activation by transautophosphorylation, resulting in IFN‐β production. Here, we describe a mouse model of optineurin insufficiency (OptnΔ157) in which the TBK1‐interacting N‐terminus of optineurin was deleted. PAMP‐stimulated cells from OptnΔ157 mice had reduced TBK1 activity, no phosphorylation of optineurin Ser187, and mounted low IFN‐β responses. In contrast to pull‐down assays where the presence of N‐terminus was sufficient for TBK1 binding, both the N‐terminal and the ubiquitin‐binding regions of optineurin were needed for PAMP‐induced binding. This report establishes optineurin as a positive regulator TBK1 via a bipartite interaction between these molecules.


Abstract Hoaglin and Andrews (1975) proposed standards for computational practice and the reporting of computation-based studies. They observed that "statisticians … often pay too little attention to their own principles of design." To see if the design and reporting had improved, we surveyed five major statistical journals for 1975, 1978, and 1981 to ascertain whether reported simulation studies involved a specified design, justified the choice of the number of iterations, and specified the random number generator(s) used. Eighteen percent of the 1,198 papers surveyed included results based on simulation. We found that 9% of the papers including a simulation study justified the choice of the number of iterations and 44% at least partially specified the random number generator. Hoaglin and Andrews's observation appears still to be true.


summary Error is a direct reflection of system deficiency. Errors occurring in the phlebotomy area are grossly unreported. Though most of these errors does not lead to catastrophic outcome yet indicate system failure. The aim of the study was to identify errors that took place in phlebotomy area, analysing and classifying them. A prospective audit was conducted during an observational period of 8 months, in an overall cohort of 11 260 donors. The incidence of errors was 3·1%. Fifty‐five percent errors were technical and remaining 44·9% were clerical. Of all the technical errors, 57·7% were classified as minor, whereas remaining 42·3% were of major category. Similarly, majority of clerical errors (89·9%) were of minor category. The trained staff accounted for all major events (27·8%). In the minor category, technical errors (73·2%) were more commonly done by trained staff, whereas for clerical errors (58·5%), newly recruited staff was responsible. Errors in phlebotomy area are benign but can compromise donor safety. The study helped to develop a consistent and straightforward classification system for errors and to reduce them by basic interventions. Errors committed mostly by our trained staff indicate the need of regular competency testing and an active system for detection of these deviations.


approach of the previous book that this one falls behind. In all fairness, there is enough merit in the present book, not least the good illustrations, many of them in colour, of a number of archaeological and building features which are otherwise difficult to understand, and a guide to sites to visit. Whether such publicity of archaeological sites is a positive thing (in terms of 'public archaeology' and the accessibility of archaeology to local communities), or rather poses a threat to them, may be discussed elsewhere. Coming back to the initial question an island? archaeometallurgy as a science may have been performed too often in isolation, on a virtual island, concerned only with the development of ever more 'powerful' tools to analyse ever more exotic trace elements. To a great extent, research funding strategies are to blame for this rather than individuals. These books now prove that there is, even at the 'grass roots' level of Ph.D work, the possibility for a full integration of scientific, metallurgical, research methods in archaeological projects, answering archaeological questions applying methods rather than developing them. In the first book, archaeologists discuss at length the interpretations that would be possible if only enough scientific data would be available. The next two books prove the exciting possibilities of such integrated work by example. In one of them, it is mostly scientists presenting and discussing their own data, much in the tradition of a history of metallurgy. In the other, an archaeologist presents and discusses her own scientific data, pushing home archaeology. These are three different approaches to archaeometallurgy, all equally valid, and by far not covering the full range of the science (or art, as I prefer it to see). The fourth, really, is concerned with the archaeology of a metal, rather than archaeometallurgy: it is free of any scientific input. It will be a long time before we understand the archaeometallurgy of tin, be it in Britain or elsewhere. Archaeometallurgy is not an island, but an integral and inseparable part of archaeology. Where interaction occurs, the benefit is mutual, and often exciting, as demonstrated in two of these books.


Abstract Humanity faces two fundamental problems of learning: learning about the universe, and learning to become civilized. We have solved the first problem, but not the second one, and that puts us in a situation of great danger. Almost all of our global problems have arisen as a result. It has become a matter of extreme urgency to solve the second problem. The key to this is to learn from our solution to the first problem how to solve the second one. This was the basic idea of the 18th century Enlightenment, but in implementing this idea, the Enlightenment blundered. Their mistakes are still built into academia today. In order to le arn how to create a civilized, enlightened world, the key thing we need to do is to cure academia of the structural blunders we have inherited from the Enlightenment. We need to bring about a revolution in science, and in academia more broadly so that the basic aim becomes wisdom, and not just knowledge.


When Diodorus of Sicily took up the stylus during the middle years of the first century bce to write a whole "library" (Bibliotheke) of universal history in forty books, the gap between gods and men had become a narrow one. In a reality deeply shaped by the past conquests of Alexander the Great and the present wars of Julius Caesar, many had begun to think of historical change as a process bound up with the heroic exploits of powerful and charismatic generals, who covered vast stretches of land, founded and destroyed cities, and created conditions under which inventions, crafts, food crops, and other goods could flow at an unprecedented rate from one end of the known world to the other. Nations and city-states reacted to their dependence on the good will of this new class of Hellenistic kings by showering them with divine honors, which sometimes developed into fully fledged ruler cults. The learned approach to mythology that was most congenial to this dynamic atmosphere of hero worship is forever associated with the name of Euhemerus of Messene (fl. 300 bce), for whom even the deities of the old pantheon had once been mere mortals, who received apotheosis on account of their military and political achievements.1 In Diodorus's Bibliotheke, which is incidentally our most important source for Euhemerus's life and ideas, this mythographic approach is expanded to include the deification of inventors, lawgivers, and pioneers of the arts and


Employment is the largest livelihood of more than 1.3 billion people and the most basic support for economic development. The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council insist on giving priority to employment in economic and social development, encourage the creation of a favorable environment for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and maintain overall stability in China's employment situation, coupled with the new employment model of de-employerization and platformization along with the technological progress of the Internet and the upgrading of mass consumption. However, we should also see that there are still many difficulties and problems in the current economic and social development, the new employment form breaks the old industry and legal order under the interest relationship and management norms, the traditional employment groups, management means, labor law system, employment service management, social security policies and so on to form an impact. In order to alleviate the current situation, our country should actively explore the innovative mechanism of the government to provide public services to promote employment, and the author also puts forward some suggestions from the following aspects through his own research: first, to establish the diversified public employment service supply mechanism which is government-led, market and social supplement; from the above aspects, the quality and efficiency of the supply of public employment services under the new industry are improved from the above aspects.


Module daughter cards are conventional approach in electronic integrated system solutions. Applying same principals for CPU products was abandoned some generations ago, yet may still hold some potential for concurrent and future products. Board to board stack connectors may allow growing the interface pin count versus conventional edge connectors. This alternative assembly scheme can offer competitive mechanical height and peripheral integrated chips performance versus the common PGA CPU sockets. Key area for performance boost may be the memory interface.


Based on analysis of common rock slice,casting lamella and scanning electron microscope data,this paper further studies the diagenesis of this area.Diagenetic stage is determined of the Chang 2 and Chang 1 reservoirs in the Jiyuan oilfield,A diagenetic evolution model is established and the effect of the main diagenesis on reservoir quality is studied.The result shows that the diagenesis in this area mainly includes compaction、Carbonate cementation、Chlorite cementation、Kaolinite cementation、quartz secondary、volcanics denudation、feldspar and debris particles denudation.Diagenesis of this reservoir reaches A-period of late diagenetic stage,secondary dissolution pore is the main pore form. Digenesis has control of succession of controlling to sandstone reservoirs in the region. Because the size of sand particle in this study areas is smaller and low compositional maturity,this area has a strong compaction.This is the most important factor to result in reduced porosity.Volcanic material and debris particles of feldspar dissolution are the key to porosity development.At the same time,such as the late calcite,rail calcite of carbonate cement made sandstone porosity reduced once again.


The research at Shaanxi provincial colleges and universities enjoy certain advantages, but at the same time there exist a big distance between them and other regional colleges and universities. The leap-forward development of the research at colleges or universities in Shaanxi Province relies heavily on the government's guidance and regulation in policies, increasing investment, strengthening talent training, bringing into fuller play the advantages and maintaining the characteristics, so that the gap can be shortened.


A dc-to-dc converter circuit in the power range of 10 to 50 watts is described. While comparable to ringing choke converters or self-oscillating switching regulators in simplicity, small size, and low cost, this circuit offers many of the features usually found only in larger, more-complex driven converters.


Recent experiences in extreme scale high performance computing systems and applications indicate that failure rates continue to be on the rise, at times exponentially. The reasons are multi-faceted. The probability of errors not only grows with system size, but also with increasing architectural vulnerabilities caused by employing accelerators, such as FPGAs and GPUs, and by shrinking nanometer technologies. Ever increasing component counts and software complexities will continue to rise, while application correctness and execution efficiency will be expected to become even more critical. The gains made due to today's and future generation extreme scale designs can be diminished due to lack of fault tolerance and resiliency adequate solutions. Reactive fault tolerance technologies, such as checkpointing/restarting, are unable to handle high failure rates given the overheads associated with such approaches. Proactive resiliency technologies, such as migration, cannot cope given that random soft errors are unpredictable, may even remain undetected and thus resulting in silent data corruption and incorrect application output. This panel will address some of the resilience foundations, enabling infrastructure for resilience, exiting and projected solutions that will be required to meet this key challenge in the era of extreme scale HPC systems and applications.


In order to facilitate discussion on construction logistic solutions in both homogenous and heterogeneous groups, the MIMIC CLS game has been developed, that allows players to negotiate transport routes and common logistics solutions surrounding an abstract construction area. Through game mechanics specially chosen to create appropriate friction between the players, discussion on the topics of the game is stimulated. The design process included significant amounts of testing and provided two key insights: the manner in which specific game design patterns influenced the game's purpose, and the difficulties involved in creating, playing and presenting games for a target group with little or no experience of games. It was also evident that a designated game facilitator made it possible to further reinforce the impact of the game, and likely necessary to be able to use it in an appropriate timeframe. Future venues of work include the integration of the game and subsequent discussions into an overall workshop format.


Professional dancers belonging to the concerned institutions are groups that create art and encourage civilian sentiment through dancing as an occupation. Privatization of national and/or public art institutions is shrinking art activities of professional dancers. Hence professional dancers' status became private workers from government employees. Business atmosphere such as unstable status, labor-management conflicts, and the stress of commercial results affected on the creative artistic activities. Therefore, determinants of job satisfaction of professional dancers are needed to be investigated and resolved. In this study, factors affect the job satisfaction of professional dancers are to be explored and the most significant factor among determinants is to be suggested. To meet the purpose of the study, the questionnaire survey on the job satisfaction elements was carried out for 205 professional dancers. There are two research questions: 1) the job satisfaction factors of professional dancers are different from general workers; 2) what is the most significant factor among the determinants? According to the result of the analysis, job satisfaction of professional dancers is influenced by six categorized factors such as supervision factor, recognition factor, promotion factor, work factor, cash factor and company factor. Among the determinants, the recognition factor is revealed as the most significant factor and cash factor, supervision factor, promotion factor and work factor are following. The company factor was excluded in this model because it was not significant statistically.


The system of supervision in education is a basic system of education and it has the strik ing effect on the macro-adjustment and control to the reform and development of vocation al educa tion.Imple-menting professional supervision in education should base on the temporary stipulations of su pervision in education,begin with the characteristics of vocational education,take the supervisory mode of combining work at selected spots with that of the whole area,promote in grades according to different system of run-ning school and different type of schools and at last the theoretical level of supervision in education 'll be inereased step by step.


Simple Summary The laying hen industry is shifting from cages to alternative housing systems (such as aviaries) to address societal concerns regarding animal welfare. However, it is important to understand the hens' needs in these systems, in terms of space use and behaviour, to promote their welfare and avoid drawbacks. Therefore, we examined the effects of three different structural modifications (addition of ramps and/or removal of internal partitions) to increase the hens' freedom of movement in a commercial aviary system. Higher freedom of movement resulted in positive effects on feather conditions and the possibility of choosing between the aviary tiers according to the hens' preferences. Laying hen producers may therefore adopt some of these structural modifications in aviary systems to enhance the welfare of hens. Abstract This work investigates the effects of structural modifications on the welfare level and laying patterns of hens in a three-tier commercial aviary system. Four experimental groups were used: C (control, housed in a traditional aviary); LM (longitudinal movement, in which internal partitions were removed); VM (vertical movement, in which ramps were installed); and FM (freedom of movement, both LM and VM modifications). Hens showed worse body condition scores (p < 0.05) in all the modified aviaries, while plumage condition was improved in FM but worsened in VM (p < 0.05). No significant effect was observed on egg deposition patterns, egg quality or keel bone damage. When ramps were available (VM and FM groups), hens reduced the number of flights and increased the number of walks from 0.52 to 7.7% of the displacements on average (p < 0.05). Apart from some feather pecking concerns in VM (likely due to overcrowding in some favourite aviary areas), LM and FM seemed to facilitate animal movement and promote species–specific behaviour. It is concluded that hen welfare in aviary systems can be improved by means of tailored structural modifications. Producers may therefore adopt some of these modifications (providing ramps and/or removing vertical barriers) to enhance the welfare of hens.


Pathogenic yeast species can cause life-threatening infections in humans. The two leading yeast pathogens, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, cause systemic infections in >1.4 million patients world-wide with mortality rates approaching 75%. It is thus imperative to study fungal virulence mechanisms, stress response pathways, and the efficacy of antifungal drugs. This is commonly done using mammalian models. To address ethical and practical concerns, invertebrate models, such as wax moth larvae, nematodes, or flies, have been introduced over the last two decades. To address short-comings in existing invertebrate host models, we developed fifth instar caterpillars of the Tobacco Hornworm moth Manduca sexta as a novel host model for the study of fungal virulence and drug efficacy. These caterpillars can be raised at standardised conditions, maintained at 37°C, can be injected with defined amounts of yeast cells, and are susceptible to the most threatening yeast pathogens, including C. albicans, C. neoformans, C. auris, and C. glabrata. Infected caterpillars can be rescued by treatment with commonly deployed antifungal drugs and importantly, fungal burden can be assessed daily throughout the course of infection in a single caterpillar's faeces and hemolymph. Notably, these animals are large enough so that weight provides a reliable and reproducible measure of fungal virulence. This model combines a suite of parameters that recommend it for the study of fungal virulence.


Have you ever had to cover a lesson last minute with no preparation time? In the second part of his article on unplanned lessons, Gerry Mallaghan offers further advice and activity ideas


The article is devoted to the description of medical aspects of experience of creation of the rehabilitation environment in a correctional boarding school № 4 of Moscow. Complex diagnostics of condition of health of pupils is presented as a basis of rehabilitation work.


In this report we present the award-winning submission of our team wikiwiki to the WikiKG90Mv2 track of OGB-LSC@NeurIPS 2022. The task is link-prediction on the large-scale knowledge graph WikiKG90Mv2, consisting of 90M+ nodes and 600M+ edges. Our solution uses a diverse ensemble of 85 Knowledge Graph Embedding models combining five different scoring functions (TransE, TransH, RotatE, DistMult, ComplEx) and two different loss functions (log-sigmoid, sampled softmax cross-entropy). Each individual model is trained in parallel on a Graphcore Bow Pod 16 using BESS (Balanced Entity Sampling and Sharing), a new distribution framework for KGE training and inference based on balanced collective communications between workers. Our final model achieves a validation MRR of 0.2922 and a test-challenge MRR of 0.2562, ranking among the top-3 submissions. The code is publicly available at: https://github.com/graphcore/distributed-kge-poplar/tree/ 2022-ogb-submission .


When telling the story of U.S. orchestral music from the first half of the twentieth century, we tend to shine the spotlight on composers whose innovations contributed to the development of a uniquely "American" sound. Overshadowed are composers deemed stylistically conservative or too closely aligned with AustroGerman traditions. As a result, few contemporary recordings exist of the latter repertoire. Boston-born composer and conductor Henry Kimball Hadley (1871– 1937), appreciated as an important American composer during his lifetime but under-recognized today, is one of these often-overlooked figures. He strove to emulate European late-Romantic idioms in his compositions, a conservative approach during a time when the likes of Charles Ives, George Gershwin, and Aaron Copland were beginning to experiment with new sonorities and tonalities in an attempt to develop an American classical music. Listening to Hadley alongside these composers throws into relief just how closely aligned he was to his European teachers and role models, as he seemed to see no problem with emulating figures like Richard Strauss and Johannes Brahms. Yet, few contemporary recordings of Hadley's compositions exist, making it difficult for listeners to assess his music on its own terms. Evidence suggests that he was received as more compositionally adventurous during his lifetime than he is today, and that he was considered one of America's most important composers. The positive response of his audiences should prompt us to at least give composers like Hadley a listen. Rebecca Miller deftly conducts the BBC Concert Orchestra on a new recording of Hadley's works that until now have not been available to modern listeners. The compositions included on this album reveal a composer who skillfully navigated diverse musical styles and had a gift for orchestration and orchestral color. Hearing this selection reinforces assumptions about his late-Romantic tendencies, although some moments reveal hints of a more adventurous, modern musical style. This beautiful recording consists of world premiere releases, plus his tone poem Salome, the earliest composition on the album, composed in 1909.1 The majority of works included are later compositions, unlike the few previous Hadley recordings, which primarily focus on his earlier works. The selections offer a sense of the scope, range, and diversity of his compositional style. The album also highlights Hadley's ability to musically depict a range of scenes, featuring a diversity of moods and tones indicated by his often–descriptive and programmatic titles. His choice of source material, including Oscar Wilde, Théophile Gautier, Edith Nesbit, and William Shakespeare, is further evidence of his European cultural influences.


Tail autotomy rates were assessed for two syntopic lizards (Tropidurus itambere, Tropiduridae and Mabuya frenata, Scincidae) in Valinhos, São Paulo state, Brazil. Tail-break frequencies did not differ significantly between sexes in either species, though female T. itambere and male M. frenata generally had higher frequencies within a given size range. M. frenata had a considerably higher frequency of tail autotomy (82.4%; N = 216) than T. itambere (23.0%; N = 547), which we believe to be mainly due to phylogenetic differences in ease of tail shedding between the two genera. We also compare our results with data for several other cisandean South American lizards.


Conununlty sports service plays an important role In the development of conununlty sports.There are seldom studies on conununlty sports service nationally, much less on nedlumand small cities.In this paper,an underdeveloped southern medium city Is taken as research object practically and commonly.Through analysis on states of compunlty sports service In Hengyang city,icounte iiiieasures are proposed to provide reference for goverwhent and other cities of the same type when to develop community Sports service.


The reaction of 4,7,10-trithiatrideca-2,11-diyne with RhCl(PPh3)3 results in cleavage and rearrangement of the diyne with formation of the structurally characterized complex RhCl(CCMe)(PPh3){S,S',S"-S(CH=CH2)CH2CH2SCH=CMeS}.


Construction of the [5-7-6] tricyclic core of guanacastepenes was attempted by using the intramolecular Diels-Alder (IMDA) reaction and Me(3)Al-mediated ring opening of the oxabridge as key synthetic steps. The illustrated chemistry demonstrated a synthetic feasibility to build up the framework of guanacastepenes by the IMDA reaction. [reaction: see text]


Summary. A significant problem in the theory of strategic management of the development of agriculture is the lack of a comprehensive study the effectiveness of the strategy. The main argument in justifying the choice of strategy is usually improved financial performance, not to create a sustainable competitive advantage. The main structural element of agriculture is agriculture organization. It is such a complex multi-faceted that its analysis and criteria of management efficiency as a prerequisite for sustainable development should include a set of indicators that reflect all of the functions of management. For the management of economic systems, in particular the importance of having a national economic, requires a comprehensive consideration of factors of different nature, the main of which are economic, environmental and social. The article describes the complex method of evaluating the effectiveness of the strategic management of modern agricultural organization that allows for a systematic approach to the analysis of its activities. Appropriate principles and approaches to the management of already codified within the concept of «sustainable development» (SD), used by most countries, including Russia. Therefore, in the present article we consider the logical examination of methods of calculation of performance indicators is of strategic management in the context of the previously mentioned groups of factors. Using this technique, any organization can get a real assessment of the increase / or decrease the effectiveness of management as a separate agricultural organization and the development of agriculture in general. Improving the efficiency of the control system development of agriculture involves finding the best organizational forms, methods and technologies of management of its specific object in order to achieve a controlled system of certain technical and economic results in accordance with a predetermined criterion or system of criteria.


Electric fires are of three types: silica-sheathed, fireclay mounted, and exposed rod. Children who grasp the heating element of electric fires of the exposed-rod type sustain severe burns of the hand. Wynn Williams (1955) reviewed 100 cases of children with burnt hands and noted that 36% were due to electric fires. Muir (1958) described and illustrated the electric bar fire burn of the hand, separating it from electric current burns and defining it as a thermal injury. Clarkson and Pelly (1962) also described it as a severe and specific injury of the hand in children. Evans (1962) recorded the impression that the injury was happening more often. This paper reviews the incidence and results of this burn and discusses prevention.


(22) Prlmary Larynigeal Croup. E. FRAENKEL (Deut. med. Woch., June 16th, 1892) says that the presence of membrane in the fauces frequently extending to the larynx, trachea, and bronchi is almost unanimously looked upon as true diphtheria, and as due to the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus, but that there is still some question as to the nature of a primary membranous laryngitis in which the fauces are intact. Four cases of this latter affection are here recorded in which no membrane was found in the fauces by the author either before or after death. In one of the cases the child was said by the parent to have had white patches in the throat a fortnight before the fatal illness, but there was no reason to believe that this was diphtheria. Pure cultures of the true diphtheria bacillus were obtained from the membrane in all these cases. Inoculation experiments upon guinea-pigs gave rise to the symptoms and pathological appearances usually produced by this bacillus. The animal rapidly fell ill, and soon died with paralytic symptoms. Double hydrothorax, hremorrhagic swelling of both suprarenal bodies, and slightly heemorrhagic oedema at the site of the injection were found. The author would conclude that idiopathic membranous laryngitis is etiologically identical with genuine faucial diphtheria. The presence of an enlarged spleen, of changes in the kidneys, and of swelling of the lymph follicles, especially in the ileum, found in these cases is also in favour of this view. There are two other affections of the air passages which, in the author's opinion, require investigation, namely, the pseudo-membrane seen in the bronchioles in acute pneumonia and the bronchial casts of plastic bronchitis. In one case of fibrinous bronchitis from a fatal case of acute pneumonia the author found by cultivation and otherwise Fraenkel's pneumococcus in this exudation.


The preparation of thick ceramic coating by squash presetting type laser multi-layer cladding with Al2O3-13%TiO2 nanostructured agglomerated powders was studied.The crack of clad layer was controlled by preheating and slow cooling rate of sample with incubator,applying the ultrasonic vibration and closed-loop controlling temperature of molten pool during laser cladding process.The results show that the laser-clad thick ceramic coating has no obvious interface between the layers with dense,continuous structure,and almost no pores and large penetrating cracks.The coating is composed of fully melted zones(fine equiaxed grains) and partially melted zones(remained nanoparticles).In addition,the most cracks in the coating are present in the partially melted zone.Due to multiple heating by laser beam,the grain size of lower layer is bigger than that of upper layer,and the grain size of total coating is large because of the use of incubator.


The University of Maryland's Intergroup Dialogue and Leadership Program (IDLP) is coordinated by the Office of Human Relations Programs (OHRP), an arm of the Office of the President. Because of this organizational location, OHRP has campus-wide scope which has been foundational to its ability to adapt the Intergroup Dialogue Program (IDP) component of its IDLP from a student-focused initiative toward meeting the needs that staff at all levels on campus have expressed for intergroup dialogue. In responding to this expressed need over the last three years, OHRP has piloted a Black/Latina/o or "Group-Specific" Intergroup Dialogue for housekeeping staff at the university, as well as a Women of Color Story Circle Intergroup Dialogue for administrative assistants on campus.


The paper discusses the basics of ensuring customer satisfaction of additional professional education (APE) in the quality management system (QMS) of higher education institutions, founded on a risk-based approach in the interpretation of international standards ISO 9000:2015. The problems connected with identification and resolution of personal risks of the parties interested in educational services are investigated. The analysis of tools for identifying personal risks of customers and their transformation into the characteristics of educational services is carried out. The paper substantiates the prospects of studying the personal risks of customers associated with the development of additional professional programs in order to anticipate their expectations from educational services, based on the application of Kano model adapted to this study and Voice of Customer method. We propose a procedure for extrapolating consumers' personal risks into requirements and transferring the latter into characteristics of additional professional education services, expressed in terms understandable to the university management. As a result of the implementation of the proposed procedure in the educational process, the possibility of anticipating the expectations of the parties interested in educational services is considered at the stage of designing additional professional programs of APE. The paper gives arguments to prove reasonability of applying the proposed procedure for ensuring customer satisfaction in the context of risk-oriented thinking in relation to QMS APE.


Differential SiGe circuit has been gaining popularity for low-cost mm-wave circuit. Plastic lead frame packages are believed to suit for device packaging for such low-cost system. In this paper, the design factors in the lead frame package interconnection for differential circuit that influence electrical performance are qualitatively investigated by numerical modeling. The results show certain factors affect differential mode insertion loss and/or common mode isolation.


The short-term frequency stability of microwave sources employed as carrier frequency generators in coherent radar systems is often expressed in terms of the power spectrum of the microwave signal. It may also be expressed in terms of the equivalent modulation spectrum that would produce the microwave signal spectrum. This paper discusses apparatus capable of measuring the modulating signal spectrum corresponding to a sideband-to-carrier level of -115 dB/Hz at 1000 Hz and greater from the carrier frequency at X-band. A passive reference is employed, although use of an active reference source is considered. Two stability measuring instruments are discussed, one utilizing a reflection cavity resonator and the other a transmission cavity resonator. The latter unit provides a number of significant features; for example, the capability of direct calibration, direct measurement of the limiting sensitivity of the instrumentation, and measurement of intentional frequency modulation of the source under observation.


Panorama is the outcome of the development of the civilization into a certain phase of history. It is a kind of unique art that closely associates with architecture. Belonging to the category of art it has high value. This paper puts emphasis on discussing the development of panorama from yesterday till today and describing the actualities and futurities of Chinese panorama.


Biocompatible hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders have thermodynamically driven tendencies to lower their surface areas due to the formation of irreversible aggregations. To address this challenge, HAp hybrid powders are herein prepared by a traditional wet-precipitation method with subsequent hydrothermal carbonization for surface modification. The crystallite size, crystallite degree and area ratio of the infrared peak assigned to bonding water versus that of free water are determined to investigate the variation of HAp crystallization with processing parameters. The crystallization of HAp is facilitated by enriched water in a stealth layer with water molecules evolved by citrate, N-contained methylene blue (MB), hydrogen groups-rich β-cyclodextrin (CD) and oxygen-contained organic carbon shells. The low surface areas result in fabrication of nano-sized HAp powders with uniform size distribution, well-dispersed morphologies and smooth surfaces through calcination of HAp-CD-MB@C. The pH values of acidic buffers increase slowly during incubation of HAp-CD-MB@C powders with chemical stability and large grain size after calcination at 550°C for 2 h. The present study will shed light on the preparation of nano-sized inorganic powders with uniform size distribution, well-dispersed morphologies and modulated chemical stabilities for their potential applications as carries of small molecular substances and fillers in composite materials.


Device-free localization (DFL), as an emerging technology that locates targets without any attached devices via wireless sensor networks, has spawned extensive applications in the Internet of Things (IoT) field. For DFL, a key problem is how to extract significant features to characterize raw signals with different patterns associated with different locations. To address this problem, in this paper, the DFL problem is formulated as an image classification problem. Moreover, we design a three-layer convolutional autoencoder (CAE) neural network to perform unsupervised feature extraction from raw signals followed by supervised fine-tuning for classification. The CAE combines the advantages of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a deep autoencoder (AE) in the feature learning and signals reconstruction, which is expected to achieve good performance for DFL. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can achieve a high localization accuracy rate of 100% for a reasonable grid size on the raw real-world data, i.e., the collected raw data without added Gaussian noise, and is robust to noisy data with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than −5 dB. Additionally, its time cost for the classification of a single activity is 4 ms, which is fast enough for the IoT applications. The proposed approach outperforms the deep CNN and AE in terms of localization accuracy and robust ability against noise.


This paper provides new insights for the understanding, measurement and analysis of multidimensional poverty in Ecuador, and generates empirical evidence for the period 2006-2010. Multidimensional poverty is defined using a rights-based approach, but its scope is limited to individual information about the rights of good-living. The level of multidimensional poverty decreased between 2006 and 2010; however the level of inequality remains unchanged, with higher levels of poverty for rural inhabitants, women and among indigenous and Afroecuadorian populations. Enhanced social protection (i.e. health, pensions, unemployment, injuries and disabilities, family support and social assistance), and better work conditions and public services are the priorities for abolishing poverty in Ecuador, but this requires political will and social commitment.


Digestion of ribosomes by ribonuclease T1 results in the inactivation of peptidyl transferase and of the binding ability of the donor site. However, the binding activity of the acceptor site is not affected by ribonuclease digestion. The binding sites of ribonuclease-treated ribosomes retain their original sensitivity to chloramphenicol, spiramycin, erythromycin and lincomycin.

Digestion of 50-S ribosomal subunits by ribonuclease T1 results in the loss of peptidyl transferase activity and of the binding ability of the donor site in the same way as digestion of 70-S ribosomes either intact or recombined from 30-S and 50-S subunits. The acceptor activity of the acceptor binding site of 50-S ribosomal subunits does not change after T1ribonuclease digestion.

Erythromycin, bound to the ribosomes before digestion by ribonuclease T1, decreases the rate of inactivation of peptidyl transferase, whereas spiramycin does not change the effect of ribonuclease on transfer activity.


This paper considers least-cost subsidy alternatives for agriculture in an optimal tax framework. The goal of farm policy is presumed to be the economic survival of a particular class of farmers. Least-cost formulas for linear subsidies are derived. It is shown that output subsidization alone will generally not be least cost.


Nurses have a greater impact than any psychiatrist on the lives of forensic psychiatric patients, a patient from Broadmoor Special Hospital told a conference last week.


The purely Lagrangian algorithm for chemical reactions introduced by Benson and Meerschaert (2008) suffers from a low‐concentration resolution problem. We alleviate the problem by redefining the probabilistic collision/reaction (birth/death) stochastic process as a mass‐reduction operation. Theoretically, this corresponds to replacing an on/off particle with a large number of "subparticles" and tracking the number fraction. The new particle reaction process maintains the original particle numbers but adjusts each particle's mass upon reaction. Several simulations show the veracity as well as the gains in low‐concentration resolution offered by the algorithm. We also compare the results to those obtained by a traditional finite difference model with suitably defined initial condition, demonstrating that the Lagrangian models match these.


of distinctiveness (ID) in order to provide speakers' profiles. Our first results confirm differences between speakers. The cue itself is not always related to the overall dispersion of the system but highlights a more precise interaction between the vowel and the system. Following this first step, we plan to evaluate this ID according to different factors (language, type of speech, pathological populations)


This paper aims to examine the relationship between firm determinants and forward-looking risk disclosure in the Italian context. In particular, analysing a sample of non-financial Italian listed companies, we ran a regression model to investigate the influence of preminent firms' characteristics (independent variable) on the forward-looking risk disclosure (dependent variable). Findings highlight that firm size and independent directors are positively related to forward-looking risk information; on the contrary, other firms' features are not statistically relevant. The results obtained suggest that, in the examined context, large sized companies are inclined to disclose forward-looking estimation to reduce asymmetry information and to attract potential investors. Moreover, larger firms are more likely to disclose additional information because they can bear more easily the cost of future projections and extended disclosure than the smallest companies. This study adds empirical findings to the accounting literature and it could be helpful to regulators and policy makers, in order to enhance information quality and to increase transparency in the annual report as well.


Two products of modified adenine have been isolated from reaction of adenine with a mixture of formaldehyde and methylamine; their structures have been demonstrated by UV, 1H NMR and mass spectra data. The formal scheme of reaction can be described as simultaneous or sequential cycloaddition of dimethylol derivatives of methylamine to two reaction's positions of the adenine residue. This results in the formation of a new partly or completely hydrogenated six-membered 1,3,5-triazine cycle which has the atoms of adenine nitrogen in its 1,3-positions and nitrogen of methylamine in 5-position. This is used as a model for discussing the peculiarities of DNA-formaldehyde interaction in the presence of amine.


Abstract Education about the heterogeneity of the older adult population is an important step for reducing ageist attitudes. As many undergraduate students view gerontology as an unrelatable discipline, educators are tasked with identifying innovative strategies to make course content engaging. The purpose of this presentation is to share an emerging educator's experience with creating a novel essay assignment. Based off the International Movie Database (IMDb), the Gerontological Movie Database (GMDb) Review encourages students to use their knowledge to evaluate how older adults are portrayed in films. Explicitly, students must 1) choose a film that focuses on older adult characters and 2) apply key gerontological concepts (e.g., the life course perspective) to critique the film's representation of aging. Though movie reviews are not a typical genre of writing, this assignment increases students' understanding of how their perception of aging, coupled with master narratives embedded within today's culture, influences the construction of age.


Let G be a finite solvable group, and let h(G) denote its Fitting height, namely the length of a shortest normal series in G with nilpotent factors. We show, that any law in G has length at least h(G). This result is then used to improve a previously given bound on the nonsolvable length of finite nonsolvable groups.


Geo-hazards is a kind of rock mass movement caused by natural and artificial factors and strongly destroying lives, wealth and environment, whose occurrence and development are random and impossible to defend effectively for the local government. It is important to research on the topography, lithology, geological tectonics, etc. to relate the occurrence of geo-hazards to the weather upon which to form the early warning model which combines the geo-environmental conditions and weather in order to predict the geo-hazards range and guide the government to avoid the geo-hazards.Taking the example of Sichuan Province, this paper preliminarily forms the early warning model of geo-hazards based on the wather forecast and a procedure of information assessment, consultant, subscription, releasing, receiving, dealing with and feedback.This model was applied in 2003 and the results proved the method to be very practicable.


Reported for the Baltimore American.
Also available in digital form on the Library of Congress Web site and on the Internet Archive Web site.


Research has shown that successful readers at the tertiary level are able to select appropriate reading strategies, apply them consistently, and monitor their own comprehension (e.g. Grabe, 2008). However, less is known about how such metacognitive and strategic reading behaviours can be fostered while students are reading in authentic, self-study contexts, outside of the EAP classroom. Departing from the theory of self-regulation and how it is trained (e.g. Zimmerman, 2008) and insights from the literature on feedback (e.g. Hattie & Timperley, 2007), the overarching aim of our study was to create a learning context in which students were guided by teacher feedback to self-monitor and reflect on their reading behaviours while undertaking course reading at home. A group of academically novice, but high proficiency L2 English students enrolled in a teacher education programme were recruited. These participants were asked to keep a reading blog during a six-week EAP module, recording what they did and why as they engaged with a range of literature such as journal articles and book chapters, based around a teaching-related theme. In response, their teacher provided continuous and individual formative feedback on the posts. This feedback was planned to include both positive reinforcement of effective reading behaviours and questions to prompt reflection. In our paper, we begin by presenting the rationale behind our intervention and the task design. We then discuss whether certain types of feedback via the blogs were more conducive to student engagement with that feedback and performance. We conclude by making recommendations for EAP interventions focused on reading, based on our insights. References Grabe, W. (2008). Reading in a second language: Moving from theory to practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hattie, J. & Timperley, H. (2007). The power of feedback. Review of Educational Research, 77 (1), 81-112. Zimmerman, B. (2008). Self-Regulation and Motivation: Historical background, methodological developments, and future prospects. American Educational Research Journal, 45, (1), 166 –183.


By analyzing the current situation of industrialization and the development of low-carbon-oriented industry in Huai'an,this paper holds that the strengths lie in the great space for adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure,while the weakness lies in the low-level industrial structure.The incentive policies offer great opportunities,yet the system and mechanism pose great threat to the development of low-carbon-oriented industry in Huai'an.


Based on the investment in agriculture,livestock breeding,farming and otherthree aspects of 15 kinds of agricultural carbon source,Method between 1998—2012 and 7 city(District) calculated the agricultural carbon emissions in 2012.The foundation and time sequence analysis and evolution law af space changes,the use of LMDI model for the driving factors of Tibet over the years the agricultural carbon emission analysis.The result is that:From the temporal variation characteristics,Tibet agricultural carbon emissions overall showed a "rising- smooth- down" trend,14 years growth in emissions of 34.65 ×10~4t of carbon content,the main source of carbon emissions from the Uvestock breeding industry,accounting for 96.56%of the total carbon emissions.From the spatial characteristics of differences,the gap between total carbon emission,carbon emission intensity between large area.From the factor decomposition results,based on 1998 as the base period,structure factor,efficiency factor respectively to achieve a total of 292.20×10~4t and 8.03×10~4t of carbon reduction,but the economic factor and the labor force factor has realized an accumulative total of 327.57 ×10~4t carbon increment,the conclusion of this conclusion with the previous studies of different.


The premier and most innovative computer animation festival in the world. An internationally recognized jury receives hundreds of submissions and presents the best work of the year in daily Animation Theater and Electronic Theater screenings.

Selections include outstanding achievements in time-based art, scientific visualization, visual effects, real-time graphics, and narrative shorts. This year, look out for a 3D virtual fashion show put together from research based on original clothes.


The multi-merchant environment of switch is always a difficult problem on developing our country's telephone network management system(TNMS). This paper analyses several existing solutions and their insufficiency,discusses the realization of protocol adapter(PA),which is the key technique in a TNMS,with emphasis on interface design and security design of PA.


An excimer laser source was used for shock treatment of metals. The treated specimens were materials applied in automotive and aeronautical industry. The process was investigated with physical methods and optimized in terms of high surface pressures. The results of the shock treatment concerns the modifications of the mechanical properties such as roughness, hardness and residual stresses.


The purpose of the present study is to examine the influence of Korean high school students??experience of English study-abroad programs on their...


A stabilised multichannel random-access protocol based on slotted ALOHA for multihop cellular systems is proposed. The fundamental contribution is a mathematical formula for an optimal partition ratio of shared random access channels between a base station and a relay station. Numerical results show that the proposed protocol can guarantee the required utilisation or delay even if the offered load is higher than the threshold, which otherwise can cause the bistable problem of slotted ALOHA.


During October 1995-June 1996, CDC and state and local public health agencies investigated outbreaks of pneumococcal pneumonia with bacteremia at chronic-care facilities (CCFs) serving predominantly elderly populations in Massachusetts, Oklahoma, and Maryland. This report summarizes these investigations and identifies measures that may prevent such outbreaks.


To develop a single‐slab three‐dimensional variable‐flip‐angle gradient‐ and spin‐echo pulse sequence with phase‐independent reconstruction that is highly energy‐ or encoding‐efficient for high resolution isotropic imaging at high magnetic field.


Any attempt to compose temporal perception of space, that is to expand our ability to create time forms rather than spaces, brings forth questions regarding implicit assumptions and the "ideas we think with". These include metaphoric process, inscription, temporality and spatiality. This effort is part of my general research regarding the inscription of temporal experience in architectural design. The spatial and temporal element of the staircase is used as the key-example allowing me to study the way that embodied experience relates to spatial and temporal parameters. I claim that perceptional mechanisms are analogous and linked to those of inscription and therefore they can be notated. There can be no reflection on perception without some mechanism of inscription; there can be no conscious experience that isn't inscribed in some kind of language. The key to understand the following analysis is the belief that in descending or ascending, the moving body and the spatial element that directs it, constitute a unity a new sign which is formed by the interior dipole expression - indication. Analysis of the XENIA's staircase -xenia is a hotel in the island of Poros created by the architect Aris Konstantinidis- and its re-composition according to Mallarme's poem "Igitur" is the object of my study. Given that space as whole is composed rhythmically of points of tension or discontinuity, just like time is composed of instants, I focus on such points of tension. Tools of music, such us these elements that constitute rhythmically the perception, that is quantitive and qualitative intonation as well as the succession that they create, will curry analysis out. In my previous study under the title "descending in landscape" I analyzed the rhythmical structure of staircase in terms of quantitive intonation, intonation by duration. In this new study I shall analyze qualitative intonation, namely intonation by intensity and tonality.


Current procedures for oral cancer screening typically involve visual inspection of the entire tissue surface at risk under white light illumination. However, pre-cancerous lesions can be difficult to distinguish from many benign conditions when viewed under these conditions. We have developed wide-field (macroscopic) imaging system which additionally images in cross-polarized white light, narrowband reflectance, and fluorescence imaging modes to reduce specular glare, enhance vascular contrast, and detect disease-related alterations in tissue autofluorescence. We have also developed a portable system to enable high-resolution (microscopic) evaluation of cellular features within the oral mucosa in situ. This system is a wide-field epi-fluorescence microscope coupled to a 1 mm diameter, flexible fiber-optic imaging bundle. Proflavine solution was used to specifically label cell nuclei, enabling the characteristic differences in N/C ratio and nuclear distribution between normal, dysplastic, and cancerous oral mucosa to be quantified. This paper discusses the technical design and performance characteristics of these complementary imaging systems. We will also present data from ongoing clinical studies aimed at evaluating diagnostic performance of these systems for detection of oral neoplasia.


Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. Strengthening and improving the practice of educating people in Colleges and universities in the new era is the need of the times. Practical education is still a weak link in the cultivation of talents in Colleges and universities, and there is still a gap with the requirements of cultivating top innovative talents in the new era. By digging out the connotation of practical education in Colleges and universities in the new era, combining with the structural reform methods and theories on the supply side, this paper tries to break through the "last mile" of practical education in terms of changing content, grasping quality, optimizing structure, coordinating cooperation, innovative driving and long-term development, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the cultivation of high-quality talents in Colleges and universities in the new era.


This study expects to an investigation of morphological analysis of derivational affixes forming noun in Motivating Book by Brene Brown. The focuses of the study are to find the types of derivational affixes forming noun and to identify the function of derivational affixes by using the theory proposed by Katamba (1993) to analyze the types and theory proposed by Carstairs and McCarthy (2002) to describe the function of affixes. The data were taken from the book entitled The Gifts of Imperfection, which is a motivating book about how people change their outlook on their life. The data of the study was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, and observation method was used for collecting the data. The result found there are 4 types of prefixes forming noun, such as prefixes im-, in-, dis- and re-. Meanwhile, there are 13 types of suffixes forming noun, they are suffix -ing, -ness, -ion, -ity, -ment, -y, -ance, -ism, -er, -hood, -ship, -ian and -ist. Furthermore, the prefix dis- isMoreover, the function of derivational affixes are class-changing affixes and class-maintaining affixes that found in this research.


Radiotherapy is an important form of treatment for a wide range of cancers, but it can damage DNA and cause adverse effects. We investigated if the diplacone analogs of P. tomentosa were radio-protective in a human lymphoblastoid cell line (AHH-1). Four geranylated flavonoids, diplacone, 3′-O-methyl-5′-hydroxydiplacone, 3′-O-methyl-5′-O-methyldiplacone and 3′-O-methyldiplacol, were tested for their antioxidant and radio-protective effects. Diplacone analogs effectively scavenged free radicals and inhibited radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in vitro. They significantly decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and cellular DNA damage in 2 Gy-irradiated AHH-1 cells. Glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity in irradiated AHH-1 cells increased significantly after treatment with these analogs. The enhanced biological anti-oxidant activity and radioprotective activity of diplacone analogs maintained the survival of irradiated AHH-1 cells in a clonogenic assay. These data suggest that diplacone analogs may protect healthy tissue surrounding tumor cells during radiotherapy to ensure better control of radiotherapy and allow higher doses of radiotherapy to be employed.


We investigate the optical nonreciprocity induced by the parametrical amplification and the radiation trapping in an atomic photonic bandgap system both theoretically and experimentally. We use two pumping fields to generate entangled photon pairs from spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing, as well as the signals in which they can be enhanced by the feedback dressing effect. Therefore, the frequency difference and the shape change due to this feedback dressing on the two-arm ramps of one round trip are observed. Such optical nonreciprocity can be easily controlled by multiple experimental parameters (frequency detuning, power, and phase) of the dressing beams. In addition, the enhancement and suppression switching induced by the double dressing or triple dressing conditions are also studied. This optical nonreciprocity can contribute to the development of quantum information processing and quantum communications.


In this paper we will present in detail the structure and work process of EthXpert - a computer system for supporting ethical decision making. Through examples, we will show how the tool can be use ...


anarchism by David Kelley. Part II revisits individual rights, the protection of which is at the root of the debate. Part III examines the proposition 'government is justified because it protects rights.' Part IV looks at the premise 'government is essential to protect rights,' while Part V reconsiders some of Ayn Rand's historical views in light of the evidence discussed. A note about terminology: in this essay, rightly or wrongly, the words 'state' and 'government' are used interchangeably to refer to any geographically-defined monopoly on the use of force—including 'limited government' or 'minarchy.' 'Anarchism' refers to libertarian anarchism, the philosophical advocacy of a future society without such a monopoly.


Nowadays, the combined land navigation system using GPS(Global Positioning System) and DR(Deduced Reckoning), etc. has been used. Although GPS is popular with the land navigation system, this is not useful for the kinematic positioning of the vehicles in the urban canyon because of its few satellites. Thus, this study deals with the kinematic positioning of the vehicles with the combined GPS/GLONASS(GLObal Navigation Satellite System) to compliment the drawbacks of GPS. So the kinematic positioning of the vehicles can be performed constantly by the combined GPS/GLONASS based on the high acquisition rate of data with the help of GLONASS despite of many obstacles and few satellites tracked in the test sites. Consequently, the combined GPS/GLONASS can be applicable to the control of traffic flow and the effective management of read system.