Due to the localization accuracy of global positioning system (GPS) cannot meet the requirements in indoor environment, the wireless sensor network (WSN) techniques are efficient methods to cope with this problem. The WSN-based indoor localization techniques have become effective methods to solve the problem of indoor localization. Since the nonline-of-sight (NLOS) effect could severely induce the localization accuracy, the primary challenge in indoor localization is the handling of NLOS errors. Due to multipath effect, near-far effect, obstacle occlusion, etc., the NLOS errors become very sophisticated. Aiming at this problem, a modified joint probabilistic data association localization (MJPDA) algorithm is proposed in this article. First, MJPDA obtains a series of preprocessing virtual points by grouping the measurements. Then, the measurements are divided into two categories, that is, line-of-sight (LOS) and NLOS, by virtual points' density. In the case of LOS, extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used for processing. For the NLOS case, a series of particles are first generated around the prediction point, and then modified JPDA is used to data association of the virtual points and the particles. Simulations results illustrate that MJPDA is superior to MPDA algorithm and the traditional EKF algorithm in localization accuracy and robustness. Finally, we perform the real experiment to verify the performance of MJPDA. The experimental results demonstrate that MJPDA has prominent performance in mitigating large NLOS errors.


In terms of the ability to generate profits, BRI Syariah experienced a significant decline. If this decline is not immediately resolved, it will be disrupted and the possibility of financial distress in banking can occur. The purpose of the study was to determine the financial distress experienced by BRI Syariah before the pandemic, namely 2016-2019. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative approach with calculations using modified Z-Score analysis. The results showed that during the last 4 years before the COVID-19 pandemic, BRI Syariah was categorized as a gray area with a Z Score value of 1.1 < Z" < 2.6, meaning that on this occasion it indicated that BRI Syariah was in the gray area, so it cannot be ascertained whether the company is categorized as a healthy company or a company that is likely to go bankrupt.


Usage control is a generalization of access control to cover obligations, conditions, continuity and mutability. However, the delegation component isn¿t discussed to the full. In this paper, an improved scheme for delegation based on the usage control model is proposed. The new model is not just expanding the UCONABC model simply by increasing the delegation component as earlier literatures by Zhiyong Zhang et al (2005) . By analyzing the cross domain problem in the e-government environment, the delegation is proposed naturally and discussed deeply. The new model and the delegation characteristics are described from the different viewpoints, and the corresponding monitor and architecture are also proposed at last.


Amid the debates as to whether India practises democracy in the true fashion, the stupendous role of the Election Commission of India (ECI) clearly exhibits that India adopts at least a robust electoral democracy. Stringent election codes of conduct are imposed on political parties. The ECI ensures that all Indian citizens eligible for political rights exercise their franchise independently. They are sufficiently empowered to choose their representatives. Since the responsibilities of ensuring free and fair elections are shouldered by the Election Commission, there is no doubt that it holds one of the worthiest roles in shaping Indian democracy. This article seeks to examine the changing role of the ECI in building electoral democracy in the country. Most importantly, the present article attempts to examine the noteworthy measures undertaken by the ECI to bolster the electoral democracy in India in the 21st century.


Objective To study the classification between small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 217 patients with lung cancer were enrolled, included 165 males and 52 females, aged 35- 80 years old with a mean age of 61.5, 108 cases with SCLC and 109 cases with NSCLC. A total of 764 CT images of the gray level co-occurrence matrix were obtained and 4 features of contrast, energy, correlation and inverse difference moment were selected. With the help of clinical diagnosis, the multilayer back propagation(BP), radical basis function(RBF) artificial neural network were used to train and test. Results BP artificial neural network was tested for 10 % of the samples(78 cases), of which 42 SCLC and 33NSCLC were correctly predicted, but 3 cases of failed prediction. The RBF neural network was tested for 10 % samples(78 cases),of which 42 SCLC and 36 NSCLC were correctly predicted. Seventy percentage of the total samples were trained in similar method and 30 %(230 cases) was tested. The 209 cases(90.9 %) were correctly predicted by BP artificial neural network, of which 111 cases of SCLC(88.8 %) were predicted and 98 cases of NSCLC(93.3 %) were predicted. The 216 cases were correctly predicted by RBF artificial neural network, with accuracy rate of 93.9 %, of which 117 cases of SCLC(93.6 %) were predicted and 99 cases of NSCLC(94.3 %) were predicted. The prediction rates in SCLC and NSCLC by BP and RBF artificial neural network were higher than that of the artificial diagnosis. Conclusion It is demonstrated that contrast, energy, correlation, and inverse difference moment features are efficiently descriptive features calculated from gray level co-occurrence matrix of SCLC and NSCLC, and the BP and RBF neural network are valuable for their classification.


Forty-six legal professionals and 44 members of the community responded to a questionnaire regarding their perception of the need for legal coercion for treatment for 3 hypothetical vignette characters described as having symptoms of schizophrenia, depression and 'being troubled', [a control] condition. A further condition incorporated in the design was whether or not the vignette character had a comorbid substance abuse issue (alcohol or heroin). Both lawyers and community members over-estimated the schizophrenia and depression vignette characters' potential dangerousness when compared with recent research on the topic. Most legal and community respondents thought legal coercion for treatment was necessary, particularly when there was danger to the individual or to others. However, lawyers were less likely to see a need for legal coercion for treatment than were community members. Contrary to existing research evidence, co-morbid substance abuse for the vignette characters did not significantly increase either lawyers' or community members' perception of vignette characters as being more dangerous to themselves or others.


User response to first‐time fees for public leisure services is not well understood. Although it is believed that fees decrease recreation participation, there is only mixed support for this assumption within the leisure literature. An emerging literature suggests that perceptions of fairness may play a critical role in determining client response to fees. A mail survey conducted among 1,405 visitors to public recreational day‐use areas across the United States suggests the presence of two client types. The first type has paid fees in the past and seems relatively less troubled by the prospect of doing so again in the future. In all cases, this group is more willing to pay fees and to pay higher fee levels than is its counterpart. The second client type typically has not paid fees for favored public leisure services and its members resent even the implication that they may be asked to do so. They assert that fees are unfair and that they feel victimized through the introduction of fees. User resentment is...


Well resolved proton nuclear magnetic resonance ('H NMR) spectra of bovine retinal rod outer segment (ROS) disk membranes have been obtained at 100 and 360 MHz. The resolved IH resonances of the ROS membranes are due to phospholipids, with little contribution from rhodopsin. The spectra of both the ROS membranes and bilayer vesicles pre- pared from purified ROS phospholipids (liposomes) appear to represent a superposition of relatively sharp resonance components and a broad, underlying background. The distri- bution between sharp and broad spectral components is sen- sitive to sonication and temperature. The percentage of choline methyl protons which are resolved in the ROS membrane spectra as sharp resonance components increases from ap- proximately 35 to 100% and the average of the lipid hydro- carbon chain protons from approximately 20 to 40% over the Nuclear magnetic resonanie (NMR)~ has been used to elucidate details of motion (Horwitz et al., 1972; 1973b; Levine et al., 1972), phase behavior (Chapman, 1975), and asymmetry (Michaelson et al., 1974) in pure and mixed phospholipid bi- layer membranes. In addition, well resolved NMR spectra have been obtained of several natural membranes (see, e.g., Lee et al., 1974a; Davis et al., 1976). A relatively simple membrane system which appears to be particularly amenable to magnetic resonance studies is the rod outer segment (ROS) disk mem- brane from the vertebrate retina (for reviews see Hagins, 1972; Daemen, 1973; Hubbell, 1975; Ebrey and Honig, 1975; Dratz, 1977). A single protein, rhodopsin, comprises at least 85% of the total protein content. The ROS phospholipids are partic- ularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, with docosahexenoic acid (C22:6w3) comprising at least 3 1-37% of the total fatty acid composition of bovine ROS disk membranes* (Nielson et al., 1970; Anderson and Sperling, 1971). The visual pigment rhodopsin rotates and translates freely in the ROS disk


Analyses of variance and co variance were carried out on the activities of three lysosomal enzymes in mononuclear blood cells from Brahman cattle. These were hexosaminidase (HEX), beta-D-galacto-sidase (GAL) and acid alpha-glucosidase (GLU) which had been measured in blood mononuclear cells from 1752 cattle from 6 herds in a Pompe's disease control programme. Herd of origin and date of bleeding significantly affected the level of activity of all enzymes. In addition, HEX and GAL were affected by age and HEX by the sex of the animal bled. Estimates of heritability from sire variances were 0.29:t 0.09 for HEX, 0.31 :t 0.09 for GAL and 0.44:t 0.09 for GLU. Genetic correlations between all enzymes were positive.

The data indicate the existence of a major gene causing Pompe's disease and responsible for 16% of the genetic variation in GLU. One standard deviation of selection differential for high GLU should almost eliminate Pompe's disease from the population. The effi-ciency of selection would be aided by estimating the breeding value for GLU using measurements of HEX and GLU and taking account of an animal's sex, age, date of bleeding and herd of origin.


Objective:To explore the clinical and multi-detector row spiral CT characteristics of intravenous invasion leiomyomatosis.Methods:The clinical materials of 9 cases with pathologically proven intravenous leiomyomatosis were collected,and the MDCT characteristics before surgery were retrospectively studied.Results:All of the 9 patients were accurately diagnosed before surgery according to the clinical materials in combination with MDCT manifestations.All had history of uterine leiomyoma,three had hysterectomy before the detection of intravenous leiomyomatosis.In 9 cases low density filling defect in pelvic vein and inferior vema cava were observed,and calcification was seen with in the filling defect in IVC in two cases.Filling defect in right cardiace chamber could be assessed in 8 cases,with extending of filling defect into the pulmonary artery in one case,all lesions showed moderate in homogenous enhancement.All the venous lesions were in continccity with the primary or recurrent uterine leiomyoma.Conclusion:MDCT can not only detect the leiomyomatosis in uterus and pelvic veins,but also the intravenous leiomyomatosis involving the vena cava,right heart and pulmonary artery,which is helpful in the accurate evaluation of pathological changes,provide comprehensive clinical information,guidance of clinical treatment and prognosis prediction.


An apparatus and method for event synchronization. One or more devices that have a plurality of events to be carried out in a scheduled order in time are connected to a single shared time position clock (TPCLK). There are one or more sequencing controllers coupled with the one or more devices and configured to control the timing of high and low states of the shared TPCLK in accordance with the scheduled order. The synchronization among the plurality of events in the scheduled order is achieved based on the high and low states of the shared TPCLK and such synchronization of the plurality of events in the scheduled order is operated without the presence of master and slave devices.


FRIDA (FRiendly IDentificAtion) is a software for generating different types of digital identification keys starting from a database of characters. Its first release dates back to 2003. Since the first version, FRIDA was constantly developed to improve its core functions, and to add new features. At the beginning of 2010 it was decided to develop a new version, 3.0, written in PHP language for MySQL engines. The new version will have new and enhanced features, as well as the possibility to interact with other software developed in the framework of the European project KeyToNature. The development is currently in the beta-testing phase, and the final release is planned for the beginning of 2011. Index Terms — biodiversity informatics, Dryades, KeyToNature. —————————— u ——————————


DVD- Audio is a music carrier of supreme audio quality with the capacity of DVD- ROM. The perfect multichannel surround sound may construct the effect of that one is personally on the scene. DVD- Audio adopts Meridian Lossless Packing scheme (MLP). This article introduces in detail the concept,characteristic and core tech- nology of DVD- Audio.


Financial Literacy has become a priority area across the world in recent years. In a complex and globalized
marketplace, a myriad of products is offered in the financial market, and the accessibility of products has also
increased. This has made it imperative for individuals to be well equipped with the necessary financial knowledge
and awareness to use their financial resources in an optimum way. The study examines the financial literacy of the
people by using a questionnaire developed by self-validated scales of determinants of financial literacy. The major
findings of the data interpretation and analysis reveals that there are major six determinants that has very strong
influence on level of financial literacy. The present study offers the first ever comprehensive insight into the
financial literacy of the Ahmedabad region


The different fractions of crude methanolic extract of stem of Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers was evaluated for antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities. The various fractions of S. japonica Stem i.e. Ethyl Acetate (EAJS), CHCl3 (CFJS), CCl4 (CTJS) and Petroleum ether (PEJS) were subjected to free radical scavenging activity. In this investigation, CFJS showed the most significant free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 119.0μg/ml for S. japonica stem. Cytotoxic activity was investigated by brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay. The LC50 value of sample CTJS (Carbon Tetrachloride fraction of S. japonica Stem), was 3.0μg/ml is highly most significant. Antibacterial activity was tested by disk diffusion method. The Carbon Tetrachloride soluble fraction showed good antibacterial activity against different species of bacteria at different doses. The Ethyl Acetate soluble fraction shows good activity only against E. coli at different doses. INTRODUCTION: The history of medicinal plants in remedy of different diseases is well established. Various species of different family of plant and other sources contribute in the development of present therapeutic processes. Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers (Menisperm aceae) locally known as Aknodi, Akonadi, Akondi, Fuit pata, etc., is a climbing shrubs distributed in widespread north from Eden, South Coast. also Qld and from India, throughout Asia to southern Pacific etc. Leaves and roots are bitter and astringent; used in fever, diarrhoea, urinary diseases and dyspepsia. QUICK RESPONSE CODE IJPSR: ICV (2011)5.07 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com Leaves are mounted on abscess and kept for bursting. Leaves are macerated in a glass of water and are taken after mixing with molasses to cure urethritis. Leaves are also given for gastritis in Khagrachari. Root paste is taken for vertigo and dysentery; root mixed with root juice of Flemingia stricta is taken for asthma; root paste is warmed and rubbed in hydrocele. Ethanolic extract of the leaf possesses wide range of good antibacterial and antifungal properties. However, no other biological activity has yet been reported. The objective of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the different fraction of the crude extracts of stem of Stephania japonica (S. japonica). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plant material collection and extraction: The stem of Stephania japonica was collected from Savar road side in December, 2010.


A brief train of high-frequency, repetitive electrical stimulation to the perforant path results in long-term potentiation (LTP) of the response to low-frequency stimulation of that pathway. In the dentate gyrus, L TP is manifested as an increased amplitude of the extracellularly recorded synchronous action potentials (population spike) of granule cells, a decrease in the latency of the population spike, and a steepening of the initial slope of the extracellularly recorded excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in response to stimulation of the perforant path (Bliss and L¢mo, 1973; Bliss and Gardner-Medwin, 1973). Long-term potentiation has also been demonstrated in hippocampal fields CAl and CA3 (Schwartzkroin and Wester, 1975; Alger and Teyler, 1976). In intracellular recordings, LTP is manifested primarily as an increased EPSP amplitude (Andersen et at., 1977, 1980; Yamamoto and Chujo, 1978; Misgeld et at., 1979; Wigstrom and Gustafsson, 1985; Barrionuevo et at., 1986). This phenomenon, which may represent the neural substrate for learning and memory (Swanson et al., 1982; Morris and Baker, 1984; Lynch and Baudry, 1984), has sparked a great deal of interest. Although research efforts have been mounting steadily, its mechanism remains unknown. There is an absolute requirement for extracellular calcium and therefore, apparently, intact synaptic transmission (Dunwiddie et al., 1978; Dunwiddie and Lynch, 1979). A postsynaptic requirement for calcium is suggested by the demonstration that injection of the calcium chelator EGT A into the postsynaptic neuron through an intracellular microelectrode also prevents the development of LTP (Lynch et al., 1983). Phosphorylation of synaptic (Bar et al., 1980; Chapter 46) and nonsynaptic (Browning et al., 1981; Hoch et at., 1984) proteins appears to be correlated with the appearance of LTP and may be involved in its production and/or maintenance. Protein synthesis has


The dynamic response evaluation of the idealized offshore platform model on wind energy production subjected to wave force and seismic force is carried out in the present study. It is expected that development of the offshore wind energy production would be very effective to encourage the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The safety evaluation of the offshore platform would be carried out with the available estimation of the dynamic response to the wave force and seismic force with uncertainty. It is suggested that the evaluation with the MCS simulation gives important roles on the reliable performance based evaluations for the offshore platform with wind energy production subjected to dynamic forces with considerably different characteristics


The aim of this study is to analysis the efficiency of the Long-term Care facilities as well as make counterproposals to conduct of efficient management for the Long-term Care facilities. The data of professionals states of Long-term Care facilities and wages state of Long-term Care facilities from regions in 2014. To analyse the data, the number of professionals and facilities are an input variable whereas the size of number and wages are the output variables. The results showed as below. ∙제1저자 : 정성배 ∙투고일 : 2015. 6. 12, 심사일 : 2015. 6. 16, 게재확정일 : 2015. 6. 25. ∙조선대학교 행정복지학부 초빙객원교수(Dept. of Public Administration & Social Welfare, Chosun University) 142 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information June 2015 First, according to the CCR test, Kangwon, Gyeonggi, GyeongNam, Deajeon, Seoul, Ulsan, Incheon, Jeju, and Chong Buk showed significance, but Daegu and Busan showed no significance. Second, the BCC result showed that Kangwon, Gyeonggi, GyeongNam, Deajeon, Seoul, Ulsan, Incheon, Jeju, and Chong Buk has efficiency whereas Daegu and Busan has no efficiency. The result of excess efficieincy analysis confirmed 133.5% in Jeju as the highest area, 37.54% of the highest efficiency of the care provider, and 28.61% of imporvable possibility with doctor's number. The realization of increasing numbers, the ensure of the doctor's number, and consolidating of the care provider's the espertise are required for the future. ▸


One of the more enduring and consequential myths of human relations is the assumption that groups who dwell on a single land mass share certain common interests and traits because of that territorial contiguity, even though the groups in question may be separated by great distances.1 An illustration of this phenomenon is offered by the phrase popularly ascribed to United States relations with Latin America in the post-1933 period, "the Good Neighbor Policy." By the term "neighbor," U.S. leaders were obviously implying the existence of a special relationship based upon a concept of relative proximity. Among the neighbors were the so-called "ABC" states of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. Beyond the pale of the neighborhood were such states as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Liberia, and the U.S.S.R. Yet, in navigable distances, each of these states was closer to the United States than was any of the "ABC" group.2 Con-


The microstructure of YBa_2Cu_3O_7−δ (YBCO) materials, melt-textured in air and quenched from the temperature range 900–;990 °C, has been characterized using a combination of x-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. BaCu_2O_2 and BaCuO_2 were found to coexist in samples quenched from the temperature range 920–960 °C. The formation of BaCu_2O_2 preceded the formation of YBCO. Once the YBCO had formed, BaCu_2O_2 was present at the solidification front filling the space between nearly parallel platelets of YBCO. Large Y_2BaCuO_2 particles at the solidification front appeared divided into smaller ones as a result of their dissolution in the liquid that quenched as BaCu_2O_2.


Calling activity in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis showed a distinct diel periodicity. Moths showed high activity during 5–7 h into the scotophase. To clarify the temporal change of pheromone titers in the pheromone gland within 1 d, age 4 females were used. The changes in the calling activity and titer of the four sex pheromone components, (Z)-11-octadecenal (Z11-18:Ald), (Z)-13-octadecenal (Z13-18:Ald), (Z)-11-octadecen-1-ol (Z11-18:OH) and (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol (Z13-18:OH), in the pheromone glands were roughly synchronous. At age 4, however, the pheromone components could already be detected at the onset of scotophase, while calling began at 3 h into the scotophase. Furthermore, calling was most active between age 3 and age 7, whereas the highest level of pheromone titer at 6 h after light off was observed from age 3 to age 5. These findings suggest the presence of different controlling mechanisms between calling behavior and pheromone production. The ratio of the four sex pheromone components remained relatively constant at all times of the day and all ages.


Wetting nitrogen plasma modified polyethylene with a permeable solvent rapidly reduces the surface concentration of amines originally incorporated with plasma exposure. The rate of decrease in surface amine concentration increases with increasing hydrogen bonding capabilities of the solvent. A slower decrease in the surface amine concentration occurs for dry, modified polymers not wet with a solvent. A model consistent with a solvent mediated dilution of surface groups into the interior of the polymer is proposed. Upon protonation with aqueous H3PO4 or H2SO4, subsurface amines readily migrate back to the surface; HCl and HNO3 do not produce this result. The rate of concentration of protonated amines into the ESCA sampling depth is dependent on the permeability of the aqueous acid and the solubility of the corresponding protonated ammonium salt in polyethylene. The mobility of surface functional groups seriously affects the use of chemical derivatization reagents for the ESCA of modified polymer surfaces and raises important questions concerning the significance of a polymer surface analysis. The reaction of surface amines with pentafluorobenzaldehyde is used to illustrate this point.


Objective To establish a stable animal model for sequentially dynamic and direct monitoring of the skin wound infection. Methods The mice with full-thickness skin incisions were replicated. After immediate subcutaneous suture,the mice were randomly divided into four groups,ie,Group A was inoculated with 50 μl sterile PBS solution),Groups B,C and D were inoculated with 50 μl suspension containing 1 × 106,1 × 108 and 1 × 1010 colony forming unit (CFU)/ml bioluminescent methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) respectively.Then,the diet behavior of each group was observed and the mean weight and mortality of each group were also recorded at different time points.The bioluminescent intensity of fluoresce in the wounds was recorded at different time points by using the charge-coupled device (CCD) based imaging system.Local wound tissues were incised at 24 hours after inoculation for HE staining so as to observe wound inflammatory reaction in each group.Wound healing time of each group was also recorded. Results ( 1 ) Average weight:Groups A and B showed unobvious changes in weight; Group C lightened until day 3 after inoculation and then recovered gradually to the preinoculation level at day 14; Group D lightened gradually until death.(2)Mortality:Groups A and B had no death; Group C had 10% deaths at day 14; Group D had 100% deaths.(3) Bioluminescent intensity of wounds:Groups A and B showed a gradual weakened luminescence since the day of inoculation and had almost complete disappearance at days 5 and 7 respectively; there was no sign of obvious increase or decrease in Group C from the day of inoculation till day 14 ; Group D had a gradual increase since the day of inoculation and the luminous area expanded until the death.(4) HE staining at 24 hours after inoculation:all the four groups showed inflammatory cell infiltration,especially in Groups C and D.(5) Wound healing time:wound healed at days 5 and 7 after inoculation in Groups A and B; the wounds showed no healing even at day 14 in the Group C,but the wounds length and area did not show obvious enlargement or diminishment ; the wounds extended gradually until the death in the Group D,since the day of inoculation. Conclusions The inoculation of 50 μl suspension with 1 × 108 CFU/ml bioluminescent MRSA to full-thickness skin incision rats allows direct,real-time dynamic and continuous detection of the occurrence and development of the wound infections.The infection model is easy to make and has stability and high repeatability.

Key words:
Models,animal; Infection; Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus


Collect and watch over 100 sports films, and select 8 of them as case study samples for the common rules of sports film production by the methods of case study, comparative analysis, graphics and visual works analysis and semantic analysis of dialogue etc,. The basic pattern of sports film production provides a framework of macro analysis, while all elements are developed with sports clue, as an important characteristic of sports film's evolution into an individual type of film. The general rule of sports film production is a special pattern of aesthetics, expressed the unique characteristic by story design, initial data origin, appropriate actors, story climax, educational video, film ideology, design for both beginning and end, poster design. The limitations of this research work are inevitable, mainly affected by recognition of film ontology, the representativeness of the sample selection and different sports film styles.


The miss rate of TLB is crucial to the performance of address translation for virtual memory. To reduce the TLB misses, improving translation coverage of TLB has been an primary approach. Many previous works focus on coalescing multiple contiguously mapped pages of the memory mapping into a modified entry, which function well if the assumed contiguity of memory mapping is given. Unfortunately, scenarios of applications are complicated and the produced contiguity diversify. To gain better performance of translation, in this paper, we first introduce a complex but prevalent type of contiguity, mixed contiguity. Then we propose a HW-SW hybrid coalesced TLB structure which works well on all observed types of contiguity including this type. In our evaluation, the proposed scheme, K-bit Aligned TLB, outperforms the state-of-the-art work by reducing at lease 27% TLB misses on average over it using 16 benchmarks.


We quantified inflammatory burden in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue by using computer vision to automate the process of counting individual nuclei in hematoxylin and eosin images.


In this study we examine the dividend behaviour of Indian companies. We use the GMM estimator, which is the most suitable methodology in a dynamic setting. Our results show that Indian firms have lower target ratios and higher adjustment factors. The most significant result is that the restricted monetary policies have significant influence on the dividend behaviour of Indian firms, causing about 5-6 percent reduction in the payout ratios. The significance of the macro economic policy variable suggest that monetary policy restrictions do have an impact on the cost of raising funds, and the information asymmetry between lenders and borrowers increases that forces companies to reduce their dividend payout.


We consider the Laplace transform as a Henstock-Kurzweil integral. We give conditions for the existence, continuity and differentiability of the Laplace transform. A Riemann-Lebesgue Lemma is given, and it is proved that the Laplace transform of a convolution is the pointwise product of Laplace transforms.


Personal data are widely consumed by the central civil registry using interconnection systems as web services and by other institutions that use the data to deliver services. Therefore, the risks of misuse of personal data are major concerns, thus the need for protection and security by improving personal data reliability. This paper analyzes the links between the Central Registry of Civil Status and other institutions and the security of the links by providing data protection and security during communication with web services. This paper emphasizes privacy in information technology and explores modern challenges for every legal entity and natural person. The protection of personal data in related institutions is discussed. The case study concerns the interconnections between the Central Registry of Civil Status in the Republic of Kosovo and other systems in data exchange institutions, such as the modern part of e-government. For data collection, a questionnaire was administered at the institution responsible for the central civil registry to evaluate the protection of personal data and the connection with other institutions from which such personal data originate and are consumed. This paper has also studied the level of applying cryptographic security methods to protect personal data. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-01-03 Full Text: PDF


This article presents an approach to integrate conceptual design and marketing by using a systems engineering approach. A methodology is applied that has successfully linked conceptual design with cost modeling to now also integrate marketing considerations. By combining technical product models and cost models with a market model in one integrated model, an added value is generated: Systems engineers can analyze entire business cases. The paper describes how the market model works, shows the interfaces to conceptual design and cost modeling, and discusses the integration into the overall design process. The full model is applied to the development of the European satellite navigation system "Galileo." Development teams can easily change parameters in the design and analyze the effects of these changes on, for example, market revenues. To quantify differences among design alternatives, two approaches are considered: (a) a measure of effectiveness (market robustness) and (b) cash‐flow curves to model, simulate, and evaluate entire business cases. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 5: 315–326, 2002


Objective This paper was to observe the clinical efficacy of different surgical methods combined with intravesical instillation of pirarubicin chemotherapyin treating patients with superficial bladder cancer. Methods 130 cases of patients with superficial bladder cancer and received therapy in our hospital during June 2009 and September 2013 were randomly divided into two groups,patients in study group were given transurethral resection of bladder tumor( TURBT) while patients control group were given partial cystectomy,all patients received immediate instillation of chemotherapy with pirarubicin,the advantages and disadvantages of two groups were compared. Results The operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume,indwelling catheter time of study group were less than that of control group( P 0. 05),the incidence of postoperative complications in study group( 6. 98%) was less than that in control group( 23. 26%)( P 0. 05),there was no significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups( P 0. 05). 6 months after operation,the QOL score of study group was higher than that in control group( P 0. 05). Conclusions TURBT combined with intravesical instillation of pirarubicin chemotherapy can significantly improve the life quality of patients.


UT1 Prediction Based on Long-Time Series Analysis A new method is developed for prediction of UT1. The method is based on construction of a general polyharmonic model of the Earth rotation parameters variations using all the data available for the last 80-100 years, and modified autoregression technique. A rigorous comparison of UT1 predictions computed at SNIIM with the prediction computed by IERS (USNO) in 2008-2009 has shown that proposed method provides better accuracy both for ultra-short and long term predictions.


The molecular absorption coefficients of ms‐tetraphenylporphine and the Cu, Ag2, Mg, Zn, Cd, Hg, SnCl2, Pb, MnCl, FeCl, Co and Ni complex salts have been measured over the visible region of the spectrum. The curves representing the absorption coefficients as a function of the wave‐length are shown. The variations in the spectra of the metal salts of this one ms‐tetrasubstituted porphine are much greater than those which have been found in the spectra of the different ms‐tetrasubstituted porphines which so far have been studied.


Health finance investment is an important means of public health institutions to realize health fairness of government orientation, to guaranteed health service supply and to maintain people's health rights. In the latest several decades, Shandong Province government gradually increases health financial investment. This analysis focuses on the incremental investment and the contradiction solved by health finance, taking Shandong Province for example. And argue about building a high efficient performance evaluation mechanism.


Svm injuries to the globe of the eye are not unfrequently followed by 2v ous consequenes even to the uninjured . About four yrs ago, I removed the injured globe of th e from a man in whom it had created constant pain, iad had disabled the other eye for nine months. In a very few days after the operation, under chloroform, the uninjured eye was compartively strong, and he returned to his occupation. This case has been published in our JOUnNAL ;* and through the same medium I have also drawn attention to the fact that incurable blindness frequently follows an injury to one eye. The accident likely to produce this result is not total and immediate destruction of the eye, but such an injury as the following:-A contused wound or puncture of the cornea and iris, when the capsule has been laid open, and the lens partially escapes, and presses on the is and ciliary processes, and keeps up internal inflammation oftheeye: in such a case the sight is speedily destroyed, the eye becomes atrophied, and the other frequently follows in the same course from the effect of a similar chronic inflammation of its internal structures sympathetically established in it. I subjoin a list of cases which have come under my own notice at the Asylum for the Blind in Bristol and elsewhere, in each of which incurable blindness followed an injury in


Fused silica is used as lens material in DUV microlithography systems. The exposure of fused silica to high-energy excimer laser pulses over long periods of time modifies the material. Marathon experiments were conducted at different energy densities with the KrF- and ArF excimer laser to describe the material parameters under long time irradiation. A model was developed to describe the radiation induced absorption and the change of the index of refraction. The defect generation is associated with the consumption of hydrogen. The dependence of hydrogen consumption on the wavelength of irradiation, the energy density and the initial hydrogen content was investigated in detail. The saturation of H2 consumption in Lithosil was proved by different experiments. The results are in very good agreement with the model calculations.


For constructing the steel structures of ship and automobiles etc, thin plate welding has been extensively used in recent years. However. the welding of plate produces welding deformation and residual stress which sometimes extremely harm to the safty of structure in the course of construction and operation. Therefore, in order to accurately prediet the welding deformation and residual stress, it is important to exactly analyze the distribution of temperature during welding in thin plate and take into account the moving effect of the heat source. In this paper, two dimensional unstationary heat conduction problemes of thin plate are formulated using an isoparametric finite element. After the development of the computer program, this method is applied to some specimens, and the analyzed results are compared with the experimental ones to confirm the usefulness of this method.


This paper is a follow-on to a paper previously presented to ASME on an experimental instrument designed to enable the observation of standing wave modes for flexible media. In that earlier paper qualitative results showing changes in the disk standing waves were obtained using the experimental setup. The current paper presents the same experimental system from the perspective of looking at the system as an optical instrument, and, based on optical ray trace methodology, quantifies the results seen in the previous paper on a more absolute basis. Based on this analysis, the authors also describe design changes from both an instrument setup perspective and the application of other electro-optic sensor technologies which will improve the system's static and dynamic resolution.


A tsunami is a significant coastal hazard that causes destructive damage to coastal cities in the world. Besides, tsunamis, generated on the west coast of Japan, damaged coastal cities on the east coast of Korea in 1983 and 1993. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the potential tsunami zone near the west coast of Japan. Therefore, it is important to have tsunami observation instruments in proper locations for tsunami detection and warning aspect. This study proposes the optimal region for offshore tsunami observation instrument deployment under the limited condition that the tsunami source in out of the territorial sea by investigating areas with the highest tsunami detection probability along with maximum evacuation time and bottom slope. Using the Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami (COMCOT) numerical model and a probabilistic approach, this study suggests the optimal region for offshore tsunami detection instrument deployment to be the northeast area of Ulleung-do Island in the eastern sea of Korea.


The aim of the present study was to investigate if depressive symptoms in demented patients are associated with white matter changes (WMCs) in the brain.


. Polymeric biomaterials treated by nanostructured metal coatings are very efficient against a wide spectrum of nosocomial pathogens. One of the most effective ways for the preparation of such metal/polymer composites is the combination of excimer laser modification of polymeric materials and vacuum evaporation of noble metals. By this way, we successfully prepared palladium nanowire arrays (PdNWs) supported on biocompatible polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). The characterization of prepared PdNWs on the surface of PEN was accomplished by various methods, such as X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Focussed Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). PdNWs were preferentially formed from one side of underlying ripples. Pd release in antibacterial testing was measured by Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Then, the antibacterial and cytotoxic effects were evaluated by (i) drop plate method using E. coli (G – ) and S. epidermidis (G + bacteria), and (ii) WST-1 cytotoxicity assay with three model cell lines (L929, NIH 3T3, RAW 264.7), respectively. Pd-treated samples exhibited significant antibacterial effects, increasing with cultivation time. Cytotoxicity assay showed that the absorbance of PEN/PdNWs samples was mildly decreased, suggesting considerably low cytotoxic effects of PdNWs.


This paper is about studying the rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan. Each type of rootstock has its own biological characteristics and imposes specific requirements for growing and development, both during reproduction in the mother plantation and during the growth of trees. For example, the root system in sour cherry is more superficial that of wild sweet cherry. Therefore, the care of trees grafted on sour cherry and wild cherry and of mother plantation bushes of these rootstocks cannot be same. Besides, there are very significant differences among the individual groups of rootstocks. Wild cherry, Mahaleb cherry and Lubskaya cherry are used as rootstocks in the conditions of the Hissar Valley in Tajikistan. High specificity of sweet cherry cultivar varieties depends on the rootstocks. Phenological observation were carried out in our experiments during years 2013-2018 in order to study their winter resistance, yield capacity and fruit quality. The same care for root and grafted plants was carried out during the entire observation period. At the same time a certain ratio between the leaf system of the rootstock and the graft was maintained by trimming the crown. As a result of the evolution and selection, we have identified the wild cherry forms which are distinguished by the highest yields. The most valuable cultivar varieties are Napoleon cherry and Bagration cherry. Compotes made of these varieties have received high evaluation in tasting.


This article describes an application of the Network Simulation (NETSIM) Model to an analysis of a signalized intersection by the Division of Safety of the Utah Department of Transportation, including an analysis of a phasing arrangement which could not be field tested as it was prohibited by State law. The computer simulation results of the Salt Lake City application were accurate enough to warrant further experimentation with the program. The improved traffic signal controller settings determined with the NETSIM simulation were applied to the freeway interchange with a significant improvement in traffic operations.


Solid-state track detectors were used to study the angular distributions of fission fragments obtained in bombardment of nuclei from Ag to U by 137-MeV oxygen ions. A method of calculating the angular anisotropy is discussed which does not require calculations of the nuclear temperature at the saddle point. The possibility is considered of using the experimental data on fragment angular distributions for determination of the limiting values of angular momenta of fissioning nuclei.


The Chinese government's rhetoric and policies have become increasingly assertive in recent years, leading some observers abroad to see China as a threat to democracy and the international order. However, less attention has been devoted to the attitudes that Chinese people themselves hold toward democracy. How does the Chinese public view democracy in light of transformations occurring in both the domestic and international environments? This article examines a novel data set of Chinese social media posts published between 2009 and 2021 in order to investigate changes in popular attitudes toward democracy. Results show that while China's online sphere was once dominated by liberal voices, expressions of doubt about liberal democracy have become more pronounced since 2013. While tightened state control over online speech has been an important factor in this outcome, people's exposure to unsatisfactory political realities in Western democracies has also played a significant role. Chinese people's idealized expectations vis-à-vis the promises of liberal democracy have been challenged by perceptions that democratic regimes have delivered subpar performances and engage in "double standards" when dealing with China. This disillusionment with democracy has translated into popular support for the Chinese government, bringing about what the article identifies as the passive political legitimacy of the Chinese regime.


A 65-year-old female came to us with a long history of right flank pain often associated with pyrexia but without significant urinary disease. She became to show this pain about 2 years before our meeting. The pain was quite heavy, oppressive but not continuous and for this reason the patient didn't ever care. The patient's history didn't reveal any malignant pathology. She was operated for appendicitis when she was young. In familiar history her maternal uncle was affected by multiple hepatic cysts but asymptomatic. At the physician exam the patient revealed a wick status and she confessed a vague weight loss since the last year. For this reason she said that she wasn't much more able to make the housework but only light housekeeping; in spite of this she must to continue to work. She has a pasty complexion and she complained soft pain to the palpation of the right abdomen.


We describe the first known case of disproportionate dwarfism in bats. The specimen is an adult male Seba's short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), captured in a ground-level mist-net during a survey in a lowland Atlantic Forest area in southeastern Brazil. Examination of the specimen skull showed craniofacial anomalies, including microdontia in the upper incisors, oligodontia in the third upper molars, fusion of the nasal septum and the left ventral nasal concha, and a narrower foramen magnum. Post cranial changes were mainly related to shortened radius, tibia and metacarpals, compared to the reference sample in multivariate space. Given its unusual morphology with short wings and average body mass, the dwarf would have higher wing loading, fly faster, require more power to fly, and have a shorter flight range compared to the species pattern. Because it presented good body condition and reached adulthood, possible mechanisms of functional compensation are discussed.


The octanol/water partition coefficient (P) of a number of monosubstituted diazines was measured. The composition of the π value of substituents, the increment in the logP value accompanied with the introduction of substituents, was examined in terms of physicochemical substituent parameters and correlation analysis. The diazine-π value of substituents was generally higher than the pyridine-π value of corresponding substituents, indicating that the intramolecular electronic interactions between the ring-N atoms and substituent are more pronounced than those in substituted pyridines in governing the logP value of the molecule. Except for 2-substituted pyrimidines, the π value of substituents in each series of monosubstituted diazines was in general nicely correlated with the π value of the corresponding substituents in substituted pyridines along with electronic parameter terms representing "bidirectional" electronic effects on the relative solvation of the ring-N atom(s) and the hydrogen-bondable substituents with partitioning solvents according to the procedure proposed previously for the analysis of the π value in disubstituted benzenes and monosubstituted pyridines. Keeping in mind that 2-pyrimidines substituted by hydrogen-bondable groups sometimes behave as outliers, the correlations were believed to be usable for prediction of logP value of monosubstituted diazines.


Patterns are fundamental to all cognition. Whether inferred from sensory input or constructed to guide motor actions, they betray order: some are simple, others are more complex. Apparently, we can erect a simplicity-complexity dimension along which such patterns may be placed or ranked. Furthermore, we may be able to place the sources of patterns—such things as mental models, neural modules, growth processes, and learning techniques—along a parallel simplicity-complexity dimension. Are there psychological forces pushing us along this dimension? Seemingly so. The drive to simplify and regularize is seen in familiar Gestalt ideas of pattern goodness and Prägnanz, which hold in many situations. The drive towards complexity can be seen in the accretional processes of individual development, or the incremental sophistication of many cultural behaviours such as systems of musical design (e.g. musical harmonies in mid to late 19th century Europe), or new scientific methodologies (e.g. increasing sophistication in brain imaging techniques). Quite beyond this, the handling of complexity is a central issue in human skill and learning, providing the drive to efficiency in resource-limited processes like memory, attention, or multi-tasking. It has parallel implications in systems engineering, organization management or adaptive neural network design problems. In these cases, complexity is something to be circumscribed by various informationmanagement strategies while functional performance specifications are maintained. Yet another picture of complexity is as an emergent property, one embodying sophisticated implicit order springing up as a cumulative consequence of simple, typically iterative nonlinear processes operating in certain ranges of their control parameters. This is an approach derived from dynamical systems theory, and it has been used to model phenomena as diverse as social interactions, development, perception, motor skills, and brain organization, to say nothing of areas outside of psychology. I aim here to examine the utility and reconcilability of these different aspects of the concept of complexity. This is to be done by examining some central questions:


UNTIL recently, it was believed that thalassremia did not exist in New Guinea. As far as is known, the first reported example of thalasssemia major in a Papuan was described recently (Ryan, 1961). Because of some unusual features in her case, to which reference will be made subsequently, it was considered advisable to report the following three cases occurring in Papuan children. It will be seen that in these latter cases the disease did not differ greatly from that described elsewhere (Cooley and Lee, 1925; Minnich et alii, 1954; Wintrnbe, 1956), although the diagnosis in two was delayed, owing either to an aplastic crisis, or to the suppressive effect of numerous transfusions on endogenous erythropoiesis.


Many buyers refrain from purchasing Continental motors because they believe that they are not in all respects equal to British machines. These notes tend to support that view.


2nd edition. National Diabetes Data Group. 781 pages. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 1995. $20.00. NIH Publication No. 95-1468. Order phone 301-654-3327. A comprehensive, detailed picture of current clinical and epidemiologic knowledge of diabetes mellitus in the United States. Its content is described by the publisher as 36 chapters, written by recognized experts, [that] address the descriptive epidemiology of diabetes, complications of the disease, characteristics of therapy and medical care for diabetes, economic aspects, and diabetes in special race [and] ethnic populations. For such an exhaustive treatment of these topics, this survey sells at a bargain price.


The paper examines some issues linked to the integration of market power in general equilibrium. The first part reviews the different existing approaches : subjective and objective, in terms of quantitites and in terms of prices. The second part presents a semi-competitive model, based on a sector by sector approach and a general notion of price coordination.


GOLDEN, MARK; MON'TARE, ALBERTO; and BamGER, WAGNER. Verbal Control of Delay Behavior in Two-Year-Old Boys as a Function of Social Class. CmLD DEVELOPMENT, 1977, 48, 1107-1111. According to A. R. Luria, an important step in the verbal regulation of behavior occurs when the child's behavior can be externally controlled by parents through language: when it becomes possible, for example, for a parent to get the child to delay a response to a desirable object or activity by verbal means alone. In a longitudinal study of boys from different social classes from 24 to 30 months of age, we asked children to play "waiting games" which challenged their newly emerging ability to wait, employing delay tasks similar to one used by Luria. We found that children as young as 2 years of age were capable of following verbal instructions to delay a response until a signal was given later. We also found that children's performance on such Luria-type delay tasks was related to social class, IQ, age, type of delay task, and length of delay interval.


Stimulation of the visual cortex is a promising method for the restoration of vision, covering a broad range of patients with visual impairments. Optogenetic stimulation has the potential to advance visual restoration. To design better optogenetic implants, an appropriate combination of specific cell types and optogenetic proteins should be identified. Here, we developed a photo-stimulator system and characterized two combinations in the primary visual cortex: targeting excitatory neurons with the red-light-sensitive opto-stimulator chrimsonR and targeting parvalbumin-positive inhibitory neurons with the red-light-sensitive opto-silencer eNpHR-3.0. A custom-developed system consisting of a mini-LED device emitting red-shift light and two convex lenses was installed above the V1 for light focus. We recorded and compared the electrophysiological responses to both visual stimuli and photostimulation. The optogenetic stimulations resulted in a slightly larger number of silence-evoked neurons than excitation-evoked neurons, with a similar number of neurons that responded to visual stimuli.


To the Editor.— In 1955 Gardner and Diamond 1 described four women who had become autosensitized to their own RBCs. Skin testing with the RBC stroma from the patients' blood or from compatible RBCs of normal donors could reproduce these extremely painful lesions. These skin test results, however, are only intermittently positive, and saline solution injections have been reported to reproduce these lesions. 2 These findings have suggested a psychosomatic or even factitious syndrome. The following case suggests that this is indeed a psychogenic illness. Report of a Case.— A 25-year-old nurse was admitted to our hospital with painful ecchymotic skin lesions and intermittent gross hematuria. She had been to a Colorado medical center five years previously with similar complaints, and her condition was diagnosed as Gardner-Diamond syndrome. At that time, her creatinine clearance was 90 mL/min, a renal biopsy specimen showed nephritis mediated by erythrocyte antigen-antibody immune complexes, and RBC


In the article the problem of realization of reformers` project in housing and communal services about the division of control and service functions in standards about contract of management of multiple dwelling is viewed


The order Caryophyllales (Centrospermae) was found to contain specific Ptype sieve-element plastids which are characterized by protein inclusions composed of ring-shaped bundles of filaments and of central crystMloids. The sieve-element plastids of 14 families (140 species investigated) fit into this overall characterization, and more specific details are used to delimit the families and arrange them within the order. Phytolaccaceae, the basic family of the order display much diversi ty: the crystalloids inside their plast ids are either globular (most genera) or polygonal (Stegnosperma), starch may also be present (Phytolacca). Nyctaginaceae, with starch in Bougainvillea sieve-element plastids, can be derived directly from Phytolacca. Globular crystalloids are present in most of the families, as in Didiereaeeae, Cactaceae, Aizoaceae-Tetragoniaceae, PortulacaceaeBasellaceae-Halophytaceae-Hectorellaeeae. Caryophyllaceae and Limeum of Molluginaceae contain polygonal crystalloids (other Molluginaceae with globular crystalloids). Crystalloids are entirely absent from Chenopodiaceae (incl. Dysphaniaceae) and Amaranthaceae. The probable relationships between these families are presented diagrammatical ly in Fig. 13. Bataeeae, Gyrostemonaceae, Vivianiaceae, Theligonaceae, Polygonaceae, Plnmbaginaceae, .Fouquieriaceae, .Frankeniaceae, and Rhabdodendraceae--all at some t ime included into the Caryophyllalee (Centrospermae) or doubtfully referred to them--deve lop S-type (or different P-type) sieve-element plastids. Their direct connection to the Caryophyllales therefore is excluded. Final ly, evolut ionary trends of the Caryophyllales are discussed. W i t h i n the las t decade, e lec t ron microscopy has made i ts e n t r y in to p l a n t sys temat ics . A t least some of the var ious u l t r a s t ruc tu r a l 1 Presented in the Symposium "Evolut ion of Centrospermous Famil ies" , during the X I I t h Internat ional Botanical Congress, Leningrad, Ju iy 8, 1975. 32 Evolution of Centrospermae methods have successfully been applied to taxonomic and systematic questions in the different plant divisions (COLE & BEI~?CKE 1975). This is true for scanning electron microscopy, in particular. But also the use of transmission electron microscopy in plant systematies has increased significantly since the last International Botanical Congress. During a symposium on "The relations of ultrastruetural studies to systematics" at the XI th Int. Bot. Congress, Seattle 1969, a new micromorphological character was presented: UltrastructurM details of sieve-element plastids were applied for the first time to characterize some higher taxa of Magnoliophyta (angiosperms) (BE~N~E 1969a). Since then efforts have been intensified to cover all major groups of seed plants. A preliminary survey on the distribution of different types of sieve-element plastids among the some 530 investigated seed plant species has been given elsewhere (BEg~KE 1975a). With respect, to a distinct type of protein-accumulating sieve-element plastids the present report demonstrates the homogeneity of the families regarded as the core of the order Caryophyllales and of some smaller families assigned to them. }ghile some family-specific variations in the plastid types do not obscure their overall similarity the formation of the starchaccumulating types is rather conflicting. Nevertheless, if found in families already doubtfully referred to the Caryophyllales it adds to the significance of those characters tha t are in favor of their separation. Presentation of the Ultrastructural Character The ultrastructural character used as an additional help for the classification of the Caryophyllales is derived from micromorphologieal differences observed in the plastids of the food-conducting sieve elements inside the vascular bundles. Plastids which belong to the group of colorless leucoplasts are present throughout the life cycle of these highly differentiated plant cells. Their most prominent ultrastructural details are inclusions within the matrix which accumulate during early plastid differentiation. In sieve elements these accumulations mainly consist of two different substances, protein and/or starch. Sieve-element plastids accumulating only starch are defined as S-type plastids while those containing protein accumulations (and often also starch grains) are called P-type plastids (B~HxKE 1971, 1972). A provisional mapping of their distribution in seed plants proved the preferential occurrence of the P-type within only some subclasses (BE~KE t975a), including, notably, the subclass Caryophyllidae 1. Comparatively early investigations on some members of Caryophyllales revealed that P-type plastids which contained peripheral 1 All classifications above the generic level after TAK~TAJA~¢ (1973).


Methacrylate-ended rodlike macromonomers consisting of poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) (MA-HIC-n(2), where n is a degree of polymerization of n-hexyl isocyanate (HIC)) with narrow molecular weight distribution have successfully been synthesized in CH2Cl2 at room temperature by living coordination polymerization of HIC using 2-methacrylate ethyloxydichloro(cyclopentadienyl)titanium (IV) (1) as an initiator. The rodlike macromonomers prepared have carefully been characterized by size exclusion chromatography fitted with a multiangle laser light scattering (SEC−MALS) and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The radical copolymerization behavior of the rodlike macromonomers (M2) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) (M1) or styrene (ST) (M1) in benzene at 60 °C has thoroughly been studied and rationalized with a function of degree of polymerization of HIC. In region of degree of polymerization (n) higher than 26, the macromonomer's apparent reactivity (1/r1) relative to MMA was found to be almost independent of n and macromonomer concentr...


Sticking bar is a functional sticky board for communication.The questions what the traditional ideological and political education was facing in internet times are analyzed by seeing through the phenomenon in sticking bar.The idea of internet ideological and political education is put forward to adopt new situation.


Key characteristics of cocaine dependence include attentional bias to cocaine cues and impaired inhibitory control. Studies suggest that serotonin modulates both cocaine cue reactivity and inhibitory control. We investigated effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram on cocaine cue reactivity and inhibitory processes in cocaine-dependent subjects. In a double-blind placebo-controlled design, cocaine-dependent subjects received placebo (n=12) or escitalopram (n=11; 10 mg on days 1–3, 20 mg on days 4–24 and 10 mg on days 25–28) orally, once daily for 4 weeks. The cocaine Stroop and immediate memory task (IMT) were administered at baseline, days 1, 4, 11, 18 and 25 after placebo or escitalopram initiation. There were no significant between-group differences in baseline performance on the cocaine Stroop task or the IMT. On day 1 (acute phase), escitalopram produced a significantly greater decrease from baseline than placebo in attentional bias measured by cocaine Stroop task 5 hours post-dose. No significant changes from baseline in attentional bias were observed on subsequent test days (chronic phase). Inhibitory control as measured by IMT commission error rate was not significantly different between two groups in either the acute or chronic phase. Consistent with preclinical data, serotonin-modulating drugs like escitalopram may have acute effects on cocaine cue reactivity in human cocaine users.


In recent decades the growing interest in forested areas has led to a higher level of appreciation and consideration regarding the various benefits and services provided by forests. Despite this, when it comes to acknowledging their economic value and their capacity to produce income, the production of timber seems to be the main or even the only function that is considered. However, by adopting a sustainable forest management approach, the value related to non-market forest functions could also be considered. The present paper aims to quantify the potential income related to the recreational value of coppice forest by considering three different management systems: traditional coppice, active conversion to high forest and the natural evolution of forest. In order to do so, a contingent valuation method was used, and 248 forest users were surveyed in the region of Tuscany, Italy. The surveys included a revised price-list method, and the results obtained showed the existence of willingness to pay (WTP) for the maintenance of forests. Users showed a strong preference for conversion to high forest, while natural evolution was the least preferred management option. People's perception on this matter was also assessed based on their specific location, by georeferencing all of the respondents' answers: considering this, it was observed that belonging to a municipality located in or close to the mountains (i.e., mountain and natural municipalities) influenced the users' WTP to maintain natural evolution.


Preface. Acknowledgments. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Historical Background. 1.2 Basic Experimental Approach. 1.3 Description of Electrostatic Spinning. 1.4 Nanofiber Applications Areas. 2 Introduction to Polymer Solutions. 2.1 Average Molecular Weight. 2.2 Selecting Solvents: Solubility Parameter. 2.3 Thermodynamic Criterion for Solubility. 2.4 Macromolecular Models. 2.5 Viscosity of Dilute Polymer Solutions. 2.6 Concentrated Polymer Solutions. 3 Electrospinning Basics. 3.1 Molecular Weight Effects 56 3.2 Electrical Charge. 3.3 Bead Formation in Electrospinning. 3.4 Introduction to Electrospinning Practice. 4 Factors Affecting Nanofiber Quality. 4.1 The Polymer Solution. 4.2 Environment. 4.3 Collector. 4.4 Applied Potential. 4.5 Feed Rate. 4.6 Capillary Tip. 4.7 Gap Distance. 4.8 Relative Importance of Variables. 4.9 Examples of Reported Data. 5 Characterization of Nanofibers and Mats. 5.1 Mat Porosity and Pore Size Distribution. 5.2 Nanofiber Diameters and Pore Sizes by Microscopy. 5.3 Mechanical Properties of Mats. 5.4 Single-Fiber Characterization. 5.5 Nanofiber Crystallinity. 6 Composite Nanofibers. 6.1 Carbon Nanotubes in Nanofibers. 6.2 Metal-Nanofiber Composites. 6.3 Polymer-Clay Composites. 6.4 Decorated or Exocomposite Nanofibers. 7 Biomedical Applications of Nanofibers. 7.1 Drug Delivery Applications. 7.2 Scaffolding Applications of Nanofibers. 7.2.1 Natural Biopolymers. 7.3 Other Applications. 7.4 Future Directions. 8 Applications of Nanofiber Mats. 8.1 Introduction to Air Filtration. 8.2 Nanofiber Sensors. 8.3 Inorganic Nanofibers. 9 Recent Developments in Electrospinning. 9.1 Nanofibers with Surface Porosity. 9.2 Core-Shell Nanofibers. 9.3 Highly Aligned Nanofiber Mats. 9.4 Mixed Polymer Nanofibers and Nanofiber Mats. 9.5 Crosslinked Nanofibers. Appendix I. Electrospun Polymers Used in Tissues Engineering and biomedical Applications. Appendix II: Summary Table of Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers. References. Index.


During the process of grating ruling,The stability of ambient temperature is quait important for the accuracy of grating.In this letter,the control of ambient temperature for the Echelle grating by PLC is realized,and the real-time Supervisory Control and Data Ac-quisition through the computer by programming port are achieved.The constitution and the functions are also introduced.The programing of the PLC in this system and communications protocol of the programming port are discussed in detail and the PLC ladder diagram and the Real-time monitoring curve are shown.


MSP430G2553 MCU by TI company used as the control core realizes the control of rotating LED display,speed detection,key switch,light control,motor drive,infrared transmission circuit,such functions as power on self test,button to switch the display,infrared transmission,automatic regulating of display brightness,and completes display of the two-dimensional character in the circular plane formed at shaking.


A new push-pull configuration using torsion springs and leverage for low-voltage actuated microwave switch is proposed. It is fabricated by surface micromachining and has demonstrated switch operation up to 4 GHz. The actuation voltage is 6 V and an isolation has been achieved of more than 28 dB by the push-pull configuration.


Sahgal Smita, Niyoga: Alternative Mechanism to Lineage Perpetuation in Early India: A Socio-Historical Enquiry. Delhi: Primus Books-ICHR, 2017, 242 pages, ₹995. ISBN: 978-93-84082-85-7.


Pipe transitions frequently occur in piping networks such as a water distribution system, or piping in a chemical engineering plant. Whereas the contraction transitions involve less head loss, the expansion transitions involve a sizable head loss. Considerable energy savings can be achieved if the transitions are designed by minimizing the head loss. The conservation of energy will be significant if the transition is meant for a steel-lined power tunnel where the flow velocities are high. Similarly, in a system having frequent occurrence of transitions, such as a high-rise building or plan of a city, the optimum transition profile can be used most effectively. This paper uses optimal control theory to develop a methodology for optimal design of expansion pipe transitions. Analyzing a large number of designed optimal transitions; empirical design equations for the pipe diameter profile are obtained.


There is growing interest in the conversion of biomass and related materials into gaseous and liquid fuels. During fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized-bed reactor, 15% of biomass is converted to char whereas 70% is converted to liquid and the rest to gas. In the present work, a systematic study has been conducted to explore the possibilities of using biomass-derived char for the production of various types of gaseous fuels and synthesis gas through pyrolysis and steam gasification in a tubular reactor. The pyrolysis experiments were carried out in the presence of nitrogen ( flow rate of 20 mL/min) in the temperature range of 700−800 °C. Steam gasification experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 650−800 °C, steam flow rate of 2.5−15 g/h/g of char. The reaction time was varied from 0.5 to 2.0 h. It has been found that a combination of lower steam flow rate (about 2.5 g/h/g of char), lower temperature (about 700 °C), along with lower reaction time (about 0.5 h) produces synthesis gas ha...


Soil contamination represents an environmental issue which has become extremely important in the last decades due to the diffusion of industrial activities. Accidents during transport of dangerous materials and fuels may cause severe pollution. The present paper describes the criteria of the actions which were operated to remediate the potential risk and observed negative effects on groundwater and soil originating from an accidental spill of diesel fuel from a tank truck. With the aim to evaluate the quality of the involved environmental matrices in the "emergency" phase, in the following "safety" operation and during the remediation action, a specific survey on hydrocarbons, light and heavy, was carried out in the sand deposits soil. Elaboration of collected data allows us to observe the movement of pollutants in the unsaturated soil. The remediation action was finalized to improve the groundwater and soil quality. The former was treated by a so called "pump and treat" system coupled with air sparging. A train of three different technologies was applied to the unsaturated soil in a sequential process: soil vapour extraction, bioventing and enhanced bioremediation. Results showed that the application of sequential remediation treatments allowed us to obtain a state of quality in unsaturated soil and groundwater as required by Italian law.


This paper aims at presenting the first steps towards a formulation of the Exact Renormalization Group Equation in the Hopf algebra setting of Connes and Kreimer. It mostly deals with some algebraic preliminaries allowing us to formulate perturbative renormalization within the theory of differential equations. The relation between renormalization, formulated as a change of boundary condition for a differential equation, and an algebraic Birkhoff decomposition for rooted trees is explicited.


Investigators in Iraq designed a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective trial of oral zinc sulfate in the treatment of recalcitrant warts (common, plantar, and planar). They recruited 80 patients, each of whom had more than 15 resistant warts. For 2 months, 40 patients were treated with oral zinc sulfate (3 doses totaling 10 mg/kg/day, to a maximum …


Does advertising create insecurities and dissatisfaction with the self? This exploratory study investigated how British women consumers, aged 24–50, responded to a range of ideal images presented in fashion magazines. Congruent with previous research, British women compared themselves with idealised advertising images. However, consumers actively and selectively interpreted the meanings of idealised images represented in advertising stimuli. Although some women raised their standards of comparisons and lowered their own self-assessments after viewing the ideal images, there was also evidence that women employed a variety of strategies when consuming the idealised images portrayed in fashion advertising, depending on the goal of the social comparison process. These strategies are interpreted in the context of social comparison theory, and the implications for integrated marketing communication strategies are discussed.


Let X1, X2,…Xn, … be independent and identically distributed random variables, and write . In [2] Chung and Fuchs have established necessary and sufficient conditions for the random walk {Zn} to be recurrent, i.e. for Zn to return infinitely often to every neighbourhood of the origin. The object of this paper is to obtain similar results for the corresponding process in continuous time.


An atmospheric corrosion accelerated test apparatus for oxidation studies of uranium and its alloys is developoed. This system is used for corrosion tests under conditons of high temperature moist air (105, 109R.H., air) and moist N2 (70, 95%R.H., N2) .The flow rate of air or N2 is adjustable in the range of 0~lL/min. The oxygen content inatmosphere for moist N2 test is maintained below 4ppm.When conducting high and normal temperature moist air tests, a thermobalance is used directly to determine the weight variation of the test specimens.12 specimens are installed.They are weighed on hand-driven rotating hanger and observed through an observation window.


The authors report efficient population of the /sup 1/G/sub 4/ level of trivalent praseodymium by radiationless energy transfer from trivalent ytterbium ions optically pumped at 980 nm. Subsequent fluorescence at 1.31 mu m is optimised in a ZBLAN host for concentrations of 0.3 wt% Pr/sup 3+/ and 2 wt% Yb/sup 3+/. The quantum efficiency for conversion of an excited Yb/sup 3+/ ion to an excited Pr/sup 3+/ ion at these dopant concentrations is determined to be 56%. >


Our data refers to a stimulation protocol adopted for patients suffering from polycystic ovarian disease (PCO). Induction of ovulation was obtained, in 15 women, administering pure exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in a hypogonadotropic milieu obtained by means of a Gonadotropin Hormone-Releasing Hormone Agonist (GnRH-A). Details of this procedure, including hormonal assay are described elsewhere (Remorgida, Venturini, Anserini, Lanera and De Cecco 1989). Progesterone determinations (D. P. C., Los Angeles, USA) have been carried out throughout the entire stimulation and daily when the leading follicles were in the preovulatory range.


Low-power laser irradiator of the present invention having excellent optimization to hair loss prevention effect and hair growth effect blood flow increased activation and scalp tissue of the hair follicle cells, wavelength red laser diode and the wavelength of 630 nm to 680 nm 750 nm It includes a laser output unit and the near-infrared laser diodes are arranged in alternating ~1,000Nm. Low-power laser irradiator of the present invention is applied because a laser irradiation apparatus in brush form, can be irradiated with a laser through the normal brushing operation, use is convenient, optimally alopecia treatment laser output can do.


I propose to discuss Williams's text by exploring four interrelated topics: 1) Williams's ideas about the complicated links between gender and genius, with help from the theorist Julia Kristeva; 2) the role Williams's study of Greek vs. Roman cultural traditions played in his developing theories of the purpose of his writing, especially the Improvisations; 3) the reason why Williams was so inter- ested in the role Venus played in Roman mythology; and 4) the ways in which Williams used his text "Rome" to explore an understanding of the importance of New World history that may supplement the insights of In the American Grain. The most difficult task of the essay will be to show the connections between gen- der and geography—between Williams's meditations on genius and his investiga- tion of the tension linking "centers" and "provinces" in culture in the Old World and the New.


To study the relationship among illuminanation,visual performance and energy saving in classroom,the variation values of student's pupil area with the different illuminanation(luminance) conditions in classroom artificial light environment were measured.The result shows that the pupil area gets smaller when the illuminance is higher.But when the illuminanation value reaches 750 1x,the variation rate of pupil area sharply decreases with the increase of illuminanation,indicating that the improvement a tiny visual performance needs a greater illuminanation,and thus causes lower energy efficiency and a waste of energy.Consideration the respects of of the energy saving,visual performance and economy,illumination standards of ordinary classrooms can be promoted to 500 750 lx in future,but not more than 750 lx.


Introduction Various different forms of conservative treatment for serous otitis media (SOM) have been advocated by different authors. Hunt Williams (1968) and Shea (1971) have described different methods of auto-inflation of the middle ear by patients. They claimed a successful outcome, particularly in 'mild' cases of SOM. However, Fraser, et al. (1977), in a controlled trial, found no difference between this form of treatment and placebo. Antihistamine and decongestant preparations, such as chlorpheniramine maleate with phenylephrine and phenylpropanolamine ('Dimotapp'), have been widely used without any published evidence of their effectiveness. Again, Fraser et al (1977) found no difference between 'Dimotapp' and placebo in their trial. Miller (1970) studied a group who had had grommets inserted for SOM. He demonstrated an improvement in eustachian tube function following treatment with a decongestant preparation (Carbinoxamine/pseudoephedrine). He did not, however, investigate the effect of this preparation on the course of the disease. Bain (1981) described a survey of 274 children with acute otitis media. He showed that those who suffered recurrent episodes have a higher incidence (36 per cent) of atopy in their history. Interestingly, despite this, the majority who went on to develop SOM had no history of atopy. Whilst there is evidence that atopy is important in SOM, as yet no treatment aimed at this casual factor has been shown to be effective. Taylor and Dereshani (1975) noted that 34 per cent of their cases of SOM improved on treatment with S-carboxy-methylcysteine syrup (Mucodyne), as compared with only six per cent who received placebo. Ramsden et al (1977), however, found no such difference in a similar controlled trial (Mucodyne, 38 per cent; placebo, 26 per cent). Marks et al. (1981) compared the effects of cotrimoxazole and'Dimotapp' on SOM in a controlled trial. 64 per cent of the group treated with cotrimoxazole had improved after six weeks, as compared with 26.9 per cent treated with 'Dimotapp'. The present study reports the longer-term outcome in these children.


ABSTRACT This study explored the feasibility and potential effectiveness of a videoconferencing group intervention for parents of children with a life-threatening illness. Parent functioning was assessed at pre, post, and 6-month follow-up (N = 13). Semistructured interviews explored parent experiences of the program and clinicians' experiences were systematically recorded. Attendance was high (92%) and parents reported comfort with the online delivery. Quantitative data revealed significant reductions on three of the nine measures examined (parent guilt/worry; unresolved sorrow/anger; lack of psychological flexibility). Clinician data are described and highlights the skills and program modifications required to adapt to the videoconferencing modality. A randomized controlled trial is now underway.


Aims and objectives: This study evaluates an intervention developed to improve patient safety in post-hospital medication management carried out by visiting nurses working in a municipality in Denmark. The intervention consisted of three elements: an initial interdisciplinary home visit by nurses, two subsequent scheduled visits, and the use of an organising tool. Background: As a consequence of specialised treatment plans and new treatment possibilities, patients with complex care needs can now be discharged from hospital more rapidly – and in greater numbers – than previously. Medication management is identified as the most challenging component of a discharge from the hospital to the home, in which discrepancies have been found in up to 94% of medication lists. Design: A process evaluation inspired by the UK Medical Research Council's guidance. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Methods: The process evaluation was conducted for three months in a visiting nurses department. Data consisted of visiting nurses' self-reports of performance of the intervention and group interviews (n=4) with visiting nurses (n=14). Self-reports were analysed to evaluate implementation performance and elaborated with interview data to illuminate mechanisms of impact and contextual factors. Results: The implementation of the intervention highlighted the importance of the nursepatient relationship, nursing assessment and logistics, and professional values in post-hospital medication management. Complex care needs were a mediator in the high implementation rate, which involved 31 out of the 38 patients in the target group. Conclusion: For patients with complex care needs, post-hospital medication management may be improved by a reconsideration of the activity-based funding of home healthcare, a recognition of the importance of organising work and a critical consideration of standard systems. Relevance to clinical practice: An increase in the number of patients with complex care needs in home healthcare is an international issue that affects many healthcare systems. This paper points at contextual challenges and possible methods for facilitating the future development of post-hospital care for these patients.


To the Editor. —In the impressive and well-written article on vitreoretinal traction in macular retinography, by Tolentino et al in the July issue of theArchives( 78: 23-30, 1967), this sentence occurs on page 25: "Occasionally, it [the vitreous] was also detached over the macula, but taunt bands connected the detached cortex with the macular region, causing vitreoretinal traction." Although macular detachment can make a mockery of visual acuity, did the authors intend to describe the bands as "taut" (tight) rather than "taunt"? Or, less likely, was "taunt" used in the nautical sense (meaning "tall"?)


In this study, male adults were asked to perform a 12-week resistance exercise to observe the changes in body composition, blood inflammatory factors, blood pressure, Renin and Aldosterone by exercise intensity and period. The male students in their 20s who are currently attending the D university located in Y-si, Gyeonggi-do were participated in this study. 8 participants were assigned into a control group, 10 participants were assigned into moderate resistance exercise group and 9 participants were assigned into intense resistance exercise group. The participants were asked to perform the exercise for a 12-week long, 3 times a week. No exercise was given to control group. The moderate exercise group was asked to perform 2 to 3 sets 50-65%RM, 15 to 19 repetitions per a set, whereas the intense exercise group was asked to perform 2 to 3 sets65-80%RM, 8 to 16 repetitions per a set. Repeated measure ANOVA SPSS Ver.15.0 statistics program was used to describe all data statistically. Then Repeated measure ANOVA was performed to confirm the group, period and interaction, whereas one-way ANOVA was used to validate the difference between the groups by time. A post-hoc LSD was performed if a significant difference was observed. As a result, the interaction was shown in the weight while muscle mass and body fat were shown to be different by group and time(p<.05), (p<.05). The difference in CRP was observed between the groups(p<.05), whereas no significant difference was found in IL-6. The interaction was observed in systolic blood pressure(p<.05), whereas no significant difference was found in diastolic blood pressure. The interaction was observed in Renin(p<.05) and Aldosterone showed a significant difference in all 3 factors, group, period and interaction(p<.01) (p<.05) (p<.05). Therefore, both moderate and high intense resistance exercises were shown to have a positive impact on body composition, blood inflammatory factors and systolic blood pressure, whereas high intense resistance exercise promoted Renin-Aldosterone system to cause cardiovascular disease; therefore, the exercise needs to be carefully prescribed considering the individual characteristics.


The article is devoted to the study of geometric characteristics of corrugated sheets of railway grain hopper. In particular, the problem of finding the optimal parameters of a corrugated sheet of a given length, such as the height and width of the corrugation shelves, is solved. The optimality condition in this problem is determined by the minimum mass of the corrugated sheet. Because of analytical calculations, it was found that, regardless of the angle of tip of the corrugation wall, there will always be such a value of optimum height at which the corrugation area will be the smallest. For the analysis of this parameter, a series of curves of dependence of the corrugation cross-section area on the height for different angles of tip were constructed. The study also provided concise and engineering-friendly equations to determine the optimum height and width of corrugation shelves for wall angles up to 60º. These expressions can be applied to the case of corrugated sheet with a limited number of erection joints. For other cases of jointing of the corrugated sheets with each other (complete or partial overlapping of the lower part), additional studies should be performed similar to the procedure presented.


In this article we study various right ideals associated with two projections (self-adjoint idempotents) in a ring with involution. Results of O.M. Baksalary, G. Trenkler, R. Piziak, P.L. Odell and R. Hahn about orthogonal projectors (complex matrices which are Hermitian and idempotent) are considered in the setting of rings with involution. New proofs based on algebraic arguments, rather than finite-dimensional and rank theory, are given.


Laboratory kinetic studies of reactions relevant to interstellar environments have been performed using a pulsed Laval nozzle apparatus coupled with pulsed laser photolysis-laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy in the temperature range 54-148 K.
Rate coefficients for the reactions of the hydroxyl radical with several oxygenated organic molecules are reported in Chapters 3 and 4. At low temperatures, the rate coefficients for these reactions are found to be significantly enhanced despite barriers to hydrogen abstraction. A common mechanism has been identified involving the initial formation of a weakly bound complex (~ 15-30 kJ mol-1), which has an extended lifetime at lower temperatures. The extended lifetime of the complex facilitates two competing channels: collisional stabilisation into the pre-barrier well, or quantum mechanical tunnelling through the hydrogen abstraction barrier. The role of these channels is assessed through studies of pressure dependence. The mechanism is also found to be operative for even very weakly bound complexes, such as in the reaction of OH with ammonia as reported in Chapter 5. Pressure dependence and product detection studies enable the low temperature yield of NH2 radicals from this reaction to be quantified. The potential interstellar implications of these reactions in light of the rate coefficients obtained in this work are reported.
In Chapter 6, the reaction of the postulated products from the OH + methanol and ethanol reactions, methoxy and ethoxy radicals, with NO are studied for the first time at low temperatures. The role of pressure stabilization of the complex, RONO, versus bimolecular product formation is investigated through pressure dependence studies and detection of the NO + methoxy radical product, HCHO, via laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy.
The low temperature high pressure limiting rate coefficients of the OH + oVOC and OH + NH3 reactions are explored in Chapter 7 using the proxy method of Jaffer, Smith, Quack and Troe. Rate coefficients for the reactions are obtained at different quanta of vibrational excitation of OH, and the validity of the proxy method for weakly bound complexes at low temperatures is considered with regards to efficient intramolecular vibrational relaxation.


We will now turn to the problem of classifying and constructing all finitedimensional representations of a complex semi-simple Lie algebra (or, equivalently, of a compact Lie group). It turns out that such representations can be characterized by their "highest-weight". The first method we'll consider is purely Lie-algebraic, it begins by constructing a universal representation with a given highest-weight, then the finite-dimensional representation we want is found as a quotient of this. These universal representations are known as "Verma modules". They are infinite dimensional, not completely reducible, non-unitary and not representations of the corresponding group, but have quotients that do have the properties we want.


Background and Objectives: One of the challenges in studies related to measuring patient-reported outcomes (PRO) is the selection of an appropriate measurement tool. In this regard, compliance with standards in design and reporting of psychometric studies is necessity. In addition, researchers should be able to correctly evaluate the methodological quality of psychometric studies. Considering the presentation of the revised forms for the consensus-based standards for the selection of health Measurement instruments (COSMIN) checklist, this study aims to review these checklists. Methods: In this narrative review study, a search was conducted in national and international databases for articles measured the quality of psychometric studies by COSMIN checklist using related keywords in Persian and English with no time limitations. The results are presented in two sections, including the history of COSMIN checklist and the introduction of its revised forms. Results: There are four COSMIN checklists, including the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist, the COSMIN Risk of Bias Tool (by focusing on reliability and measurement error), the COSMIN Study Design Checklist, and the COSMIN Reporting Guideline. Conclusion: Considering the increasing number of psychometric studies on the PRO measurement tools, the COSMIN checklists can provide comprehensive indicators for designing, reporting, and evaluating these studies.


Abstract : Creating Agile Combat Support (ACS) requires real time integrated information systems to support human decision making. Real time sensing technologies are being investigated to improve logistics support. The purpose of this study was to investigate integrated Radio Frequency Identification/Real Time Location System (RFID/RTLS) technology with flightline information for improved decision making for flightline maintenance operations. A simulation was developed that integrated information related to the flightline with RFID location information (Smart Systems). A simulated field test was conducted to compare the Smart Systems integrated condition with an off-the- shelf RFID technology and a baseline condition for providing support for the fix or swap decision.


The invention discloses a butt-joint device for new and old materials of a printer. The butt-joint device comprises a vertical plate and a paper sheet cutting tool. The paper sheet cutting tool is a plate with a long groove. A paper guide roll b and a pair of symmetric butt clamp structures are arranged on the vertical plate. The butt clamp structures comprise clamping devices. The two ends of the clamping devices are connected with a movable plate and the vertical plate respectively. Paper guide rolls a are arranged on the movable plate and penetrate the movable plate and the vertical plate. The movable plate is connected with bonding and cutting devices through sliding supports. The bonding and cutting devices are provided with adsorption devices and connected with paper supporting devices. According to the butt-joint device for the new and old materials of the printer, the problem that new and old materials are overlapped in the existing new and old material butt joint process is solved; the seams of the new and old materials are small and even; new and old material connectors cannot be overlapped; the thickness of a bonding position is not changed; and according to a butt-joint method for the new and old materials, the butt-joint steps of the new and old materials are few, and time is short.


It discloses a control unit including a display having a plurality of solid state light emitting devices of the backlight of the method. The method comprising: receiving a target color point of the display; temperature measurement associated with the display associated; in response to the measured temperature, generating a compensated target color point; and setting the color point of the backlight unit to produce the compensated target color point .


This article introduced the basic contents of the virtual reality technology and its development situation, and showed its synthesis applications in various domains such as the medical service, the building and the military and so on, and it also presented some important flaw. The development of the virtual reality technology will have brought many huge benefits; the life of people will also have taken place enormous changes.


Splitting software into distributed compartments is an important software security technique that limits the effect of vulnerabilities. Unfortunately the resulting systems are difficult to analyze or debug interactively when compared to the original. Not only are compartments distributed and executed in parallel, but they may also be strongly isolated by being sandboxed or run in minimal environments that lack debugging facilities.This paper is the first to study practical debugging techniques for strongly-isolated distributed compartments. We adapt ideas from other remote or distributed debugging settings to this domain, and implement and describe two radically different approaches to this problem. We evaluate these approaches both qualitatively and quantitatively, and using both toy examples and real-world open-source software. Our main finding is that out of the two approaches, using GDB remote stubs presents a good balance of performance, flexibility and usability, and we characterize this more precisely in our evaluation.


The classical PCM/PSK/PM scheme has been commonly used for TC&R applications between satellites and ground stations in the S-band. We analyzed TC&R link performance between ground station and the geostationary satellite which employs PCM/PSK/PM, when the satellite are particularly on the Super Synchronous Transfer Orbit(SSTO). The satellite parameters on SSTO are assumed to be those operating on the geostationary orbit, considering heritage aspect. In the uplink, the results shown indicate that sufficient margins over 3 dB are obtained when the EIRP of ground station is greater than 65 dBW. The down link performance is of great interest. By adjusting the telemetry modulation index and ranging modulation index, we could obtain the required margin of 3.0 dB in the down link, and find out the minimum G/T of ground station. In conclusion, the previously operated ground stations during LEOP at COMS launch, can be operational when GEO injection is made using SSTO(65,000 km and 70,000 km).