The thermal barrier coatings with NiCrAlY alloy bonding layer, NiCrAlY-Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 transition layer and Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 ceramic layer are prepared on nickel alloy substrates using the plasma spray technique. The relationship among the composition, structure and property of the coatings are investiga-ted by means of optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope and the experiments of thermal shock resistance cycling and high temperature oxidation resistance. The results show that the structure design of introdu-cing a transition layer between Ni alloy substrate and ZrO2 ceramic coating guarantees the high quality and properties of the coatings; ZrO2 coatings doped with a little SiO2 possesses better thermal shock resistance and more excellent hot corrosion resistance as compared with ZrO2 coating materials without SiO2 ;the improvement in performance of ZrO2 coating doped with SiO2 is due to forming more dense coating structure by self- closing effects of the flaws and pores in the ZrO2 coatings.


The construction sector contributes significantly to the economy in three areas: its contribution to the GDP, in employment and its upstream and downstream linkages with other sectors of the economy. However, procurement of building and infrastructure works is yet to embrace the concept of Shariah compliant. Any effort towards making the procurement processes Shariah compliant would go a long way in transforming the country's construction sector to be in compliance with the Shariah. Consequently, a study to review key Islamic principles of al-muamalat related to construction procurement and assessing their applicability in the procurement of building and infrastructure works was carried out. The study used a combination of literature review and intensive discussions with 4 academics specializing in the Shariah and construction works' contracts. The outcome of the study identified key Shariah principles of al-muamalat and identified how they could be applied in the procurement of building and infrastructure works. The study's outcome is considered significant as it contributes towards further and deeper understanding of the concept Shariah compliant construction procurement and increasing the prospect of its application in future projects.


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have received tremendous attention in recent years because of the development of sensor devices, as well as wireless communication technologies. WSNs make it easier to monitor and control physical environments from remote locations and present many significant advantages over wired sensor networks for a variety of civilian and military applications .A WSN is usually randomly deployed in inaccessible terrains, disaster areas, or polluted environments, where battery replacement or recharge is difficult or even impossible to be performed. For this reason, network lifetime is of crucial importance to a WSN. To prolong network lifetime, efficient utilization of energy is considered with highest priority. In this paper, we propose a energy efficient chain based network, (ECBSN) which ensures maximum utilization of network energy. Later, a comparison of ECBSN with PEGASIS has been done and found out that energy consumption can be decreased up to 15-20% and reliability of a network can be considerably enhanced using this method.


I want to express briefly some ideas about the most passionate and polemic cores of the transitional justice which could be defined as a great field of perplexities, most of them, from my point of view, of moral nature.


Eleven decoctions, obtained from indian plants widely used in ayurvedic medicine, have been investigated as a possible source of molecules exhibiting biological activity on the interaction between DNA and NF‐kB, a transcription factor involved in the expression of proinflammatory genes. Cystic fibrosis (CF) cell line stimulated by TNF‐α has been used as inflammatory cellular model to determinate interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), one of the most relevant pro‐inflammatory mediator in CF regulated by the NF‐kB. The chemical characterization of these 11 decoctions by spectrophotometric analysis and NMR fingerprinting highlighted that sugars and polyphenols seemed to be the main compounds. Our results demonstrated that Azadirachta indica, Terminalia bellerica, Terminalia chebula, Hemidesmus indicus, Emblica officinalis and Swertia chirata are the most active decoctions in inhibiting NF‐kB/DNA interactions by EMSA assay and in reducing pro‐inflammatory IL‐ 8 expression in CF cells at IC50 concentrations by Real‐Time and Bio‐plex analyses. Finally, we observed the increase of all inhibitory activities with the rise of total polyphenols, procyanidins and flavonoids, except for the levels of IL‐8 mRNA accumulation, that were as high as flavonoid content grown up by the statistical multivariate analyses. In conclusion, these six decoctions might be interesting to explore new anti‐inflammatory treatments for diseases, such as CF. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A HPLC method was established for the determination of Ursolic Acid in Mesona chinensis Bentht.C18 column is used,the flowing is the methyl alcohol,the examination wave length is 210 nm.The specimen handling density is good in the 0.003 2~0.032 mg/mL scope,the average returnratio is 91.9%.The test result shows that ursolic acid is included in the immortal grass,the different sample ursolic acid content is between 3.911~3.915 mg/g.


This study produces an image of theoretical and experimental case of high loading stumbling condition for hip prosthesis. Model had been studied namely Charnley. This model was modeled with finite element method by using ANSYS software, the effect of changing the design parameters (head diameter, neck length, neck ratio, stem length) on Charnley design, for stumbling case as impact load where the load reach to (8.7* body weight) for impact duration of 0.005sec.An experimental rig had been constructed to test the hip model, this rig consist of a wood box with a smooth sliding shaft where a load of 1 pound is dropped from three heights.The strain produced by this impact is measured by using rosette strain gauge connected to Wheatstone bridge for the model .The signal is amplified and sent forward to a data acquisition and then saved in the connected laptop. From this study it is found that the changing in stem length had large effect on effective stress where the change in effective stress while stem length increased from (110mm to 140mm) was not more than (209MPa).


In the experiment E760 performed in the Antiproton Accumulator at Fermilab we have studied the two photon decay of the c (1 1 S 0) charmonium state formed in pp annihilations. This resulted in a new measurement of the mass, M c = 2987:52:9 M eV =c 2 , of the product of branching ratios, B(c ! pp) B(c !) = (35:4 7:6) 10 ?8 , and of the product B(c ! pp) ?(c !) = (8:4 +3:5 ?2:4) eV. In the same experiment we also performed a search for the process pp ! 0 c (2 1 S 0) ! over a limited range of center of mass energies. Since no signal was observed, we quote upper limits on the product of branching ratios B(0 c ! pp) B(0 c !) in the center-of-mass energy range 3524 p s 3686 MeV.


The study of the regularities of the cathodic iron reduction from acid sulfate solutions have allowed to establish the fundamental possibility of recycling waste sulfuric acid electrolytic pickling solutions [1, 2]. With such processing, along with the problem of disposal of environmentally harmful waste of pickling plants [3, 4] it is possible to regenerate original pickling solution, and get valuable product in the form of iron powder. It is stablished [2] that the traditional pattern of electrolysis with combined electrode spaces the power of extraction of dispersed iron increases with the duration of electrolysis. When the amount of electricity passed through the electrolytic cell is about 120 A • h/l the level of iron extraction reaches its maximum 70%. Further increase in the number of missed electricity causes a sharp decrease of the current efficiency of the iron deposit that is connected with a significant acidification of the electrolyte anode reaction products. Improving the efficiency of the extraction process in the electrolytic iron refining of pickling solution can be achieved by the division of the cell electrode spaces to avoid mixing of solutions of the cathode and anode spaces. for the separation the electrochemical membrane selectively reflecting or not reflecting the electrolyte ions are used[5]. Proper selection of membranes ensures accumulation of hydrogen ions in the anode and cathode of iron in the cell spaces. Industrial production of electrochemical membranes is carried out in Russia (MF 4 UK) and the USA ("Nafion"). The conditions of formation of cathodic reduction of iron powder in the cell with separated electrode spaces are studied. As a model of the electrochemical membrane porous glass partition with a relatively low electrical resistance was used, which significantly hinders mixing electrolyte.


Purpose of review Our aim is to provide an overview of small bowel neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), clinical presentation, diagnosis algorithm and management options. We also highlight the latest evidence on management and suggest areas for future research. Recent findings Dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTATATE) scan can detect NETs with an improved sensitivity than when compared with an Octreotide scan. It is complimentary to small bowel endoscopy that provides mucosal views and allows the delineation of small lesions undetectable on imaging. Surgical resection is the best management modality even in metastatic disease. Prognosis can be improved with the administration of somatostatin analogues and Evarolimus as second-line therapies. Summary NETs are heterogenous tumours affecting most commonly the distal small bowel as single or multiple lesions. Their secretary behaviour can lead to symptoms, most commonly diarrhoea and weight loss. Metastases to the liver are associated with carcinoid syndrome.


Himachal Pradesh has shown remarkable progress in women's development within a short span of four decades. Women are repositories of culture and traditional knowledge. Status of women and their progress is important for evolution of society. The state has shown high sex ratio (972), female literacy (76%) and work participation. Inequalities are negligible. Urbanization is a recent driving force, changing the stable society and strong institutions. Areas which are more urbanized will have higher values compared to remote areas lacking transport. Sex ratio is a determining factor. Ownership of land and distance from urban areas would affect work participation. Education levels would be higher in places which are accessible.


In the present work, surface reconstructions of CaF 2 in three different low-index crystallographic orientations are comprehensively investigated. The configurational spaces were explored by employing the minima hopping method (MHM) and the machine-learning based potential founded on charge equilibration via neural network technique (CENT). The cooperation of these powerful methods revealed more than 80 different morphologies for (100) surface with very close surface formation energies in the energy difference range about 0.3 J/m 2 . This finding indicates the high mobility of the atoms positioned at the outer layers, making it a very dynamic surface. To consider the effect of temperature on the dynamic of this surface as well as study the solid-liquid transformation, the molecular dynamics simulations were carried out in the canonical (N,V,T) ensemble. By considering mean-squared displacements (MSD) of layers and elements of this sample at the temperature range of 273.15-1500 K, it was recognized that the F sublattice is less stable and more dynamics than the Ca sublattice, resulting in surface pre-melting at temperatures lower than the one for bulk phases.


— This project concerns with the detection efficiency of the portable Triple-to-Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) at the National Institute of Metrology of Ionizing Radiation (INMRI-ENEA) which allows direct activity measurement and radionuclide standardization for pure-beta emitter or pure electron capture radionuclides. The dependency of the simulated detection efficiency of the TDCR, by using Monte Carlo simulation Geant4 code, on the Birks factor (kB) and defocusing parameter has been examined especially for low energy beta-emitter radionuclides such as 3 H and 14 C, for which this dependency is relevant. The results achieved in this analysis can be used for selecting the best kB factor and the defocusing parameter for computing theoretical TDCR parameter value. The theoretical results were compared with the available ones, measured by the ENEA TDCR portable detector, for some pure-beta emitter radionuclides. This analysis allowed to improve the knowledge of the characteristics of the ENEA TDCR detector that can be used as a traveling instrument for in-situ measurements with particular benefits in many applications in the field of nuclear medicine and in the nuclear energy industry.


The late Paleozoic Ouachita orogeny produced a sinuous deformed belt that extends from Alabama through Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and finally southward into Mexico. Recent geophysical studies have provided important new data that make it possible to reevaluate exploration possibilities along the Ouachita trend. A deep seismic study alo profile extending from the Ouachita Mountains in southwestern Arkansas into northwestern Louisiana has provided a surprisingly clear image of the early Paleozoic continental margin in the area. This margin is largely undeformed and suggests that the Ouachita orogeny involved little if any shortening of continental crust. Along with gravity data, this result implies that Ouachita thrusts are thin-skinned structures that include features such as the Benton and Broken Bow uplifts. Using these results as a base from which to build, the author has been able to trace this margin southeastward into Mississippi and westward through Texas and into Mexico. Although some production has been established in Ouachita facies rocks, gravity anomalies and limited amounts of seismic data suggest that two subthrusts plays have potential. In addition, there are areas where completely new subthrusts basins are possible. The second play is the early Paleozoic continental margin and rift basins that formed duringmore » the early stages of its development. His results to data indicate that these features are not greatly deformed and are at economically drillable depths in many areas. However, the area south of the Paleozoic continental margin should be avoided because the thickness of Ouachita facies rocks exceeds 10 km.« less


Based on wavelet transformation and the DSP TMS320C3X series from Texas Instruments, this paper describes the detailed description of Mallat fast decomposition and reconstruction algorithm separately, and then presents the implementation of wavelet fast transform to DSP(Digital Signal Processor) by using the design tool Matlab, at last the corresponding assembly code is presented. This method realize Mallat algorithm by less instruction cycles, testing result indicate that this method can be used in the real-time analysis of signal.


The relational database model has gained a great deal of attention over the past decades for its advantages. However, it suffers from a ubiquitous problem of data imperfection. Based on this situation, several models have been proposed to solve those problems. These models could improve the situation caused by the imperfect data, but they lack the ability to handle the accuracy issue that exists in the data. Therefore, an accuracy model is proposed here for relational databases. The theory of probability is utilized to help define accuracy in databases, and also relational algebra is extended for the use with accuracy model. Some implementation issues are also discussed.


Using energetics, we examine the occurrence of large strains, so-called giant magnetostriction, in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys by the application of an external magnetic field. It is claimed that these strains originate from the conversion of one martensite variant to another. In this article, we attempt to show that magnetic work cannot supply the work required for the conversion of martensite variants in most cases. It is also pointed out that the latter work dissipates, while most of the magnetic work is conserved, as indicated by almost hysteresis-free magnetization curves. Therefore, simple energy conservation arguments rule out the suggested variant conversion mechanism not only quantitatively, but also qualitatively. A possible explanation for the occurrence of large strains is offered.


Recently, endodontic sealers based on injectable bioactive materials were proposed to improve the filling of anatomical irregularities during root canal obturation. In this context, this preliminary work investigated the possibility of realizing a new calcium phosphate-based composite sealer for root canal filling with an optimized composition on setting kinetics and dentin tubules occlusion. Several calcium phosphate/liquid phase mixtures were initially evaluated for their workability, finding two suitable formulations. Both of them contained 66 wt.% of a nano-apatite-based cement (solid powdered phase). The liquid phase (34 wt.%) comprised 13.6% propanediol and 20.4% PEG 1000 (formulation 1), and formulation 2 comprised 27.2% glycerin and 6.8% PEG 200 (formulation 2). Then, these formulations were tested by means of permeability measurements and observation by scanning electron microscopy of treated model dentin samples. Both formulations succeeded in occluding dentinal tubules: the first one was able to create a full-bodied layer on dentin surface and, moreover, to resist, at least to a large extent, against citric acid attack. The second one showed a lower effectiveness after citric acid exposure. The composite compound that better satisfied the overall required characteristics of use, workability and sealing capacity was formulation 1.


Olivine creep dominates the major characteristics of mantle rheology. Such ductile deformation affects not only mineral microstructures but also microchemistry of olivines. However,very few works focus on mineral chemistry of these dislocation-rich olivines,because the dislocation structure is too small to be analyzed by electron microprobe. And even these few works led to controversial interpretations on chemical mechanisms of the phenomena,such as exsolution of Fe-Mg olivine,Cottrell cloud and fluid erosion. Here we report two cases of lamellea(in scales of 1μm and over 100μm seperately)olivines in mantle xenoliths from the Halaha River and Chaoer River area,Central Great Xing'an Range. Results of EMP analysis indicate that the lamellae is Fe rich olivine. In response to the arguments against the hypothesis of exsolution and erosion,we discuss the behavior and mechanism of Cottrell cloud in olivine.


Salvage options for children with relapsed ALL remain sub-optimal, particularly for T-cell ALL patients, and relapse remains the leading cause of death. Achieving complete remission (CR) after relapse is the first critical step to cure. Combining the proteasome inhibitor (PI) bortezomib with chemotherapy has previously shown promising results in achieving CR in pediatric phase 2 studies in ALL (Messinger 2012, Horton 2013, Bertaina 2017).
 In this ongoing dose-escalation phase 1 study, the second generation PI carfilzomib was combined with chemotherapy in children with relapsed ALL. Subjects received one 4-week cycle of induction chemotherapy with either UKALLR3 (dexamethasone, mitoxantrone, methotrexate, PEG-asparaginase, vincristine) or VXLD (vincristine, dexamethasone, PEG-asparaginase, daunorubicin) plus carfilzomib administered intravenously on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16. The primary endpoint was dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) occurring during induction (grade 4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia extending past day 45 or grade 4 non-hematological toxicity). Efficacy endpoints included CR (with or without hematological recovery) based on bone marrow (BM) and LP on day 29 of induction and consolidation. Subjects < 21 years of age and diagnosed with first early BM relapse (<36 months from diagnosis), multiply relapsed ALL, or primary induction failure were eligible; subjects with T-cell disease with any BM relapse were eligible. Subjects achieving ≥ stable disease could receive a cycle of modified BFM consolidation therapy (6-MP, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, PEG-asparaginase, IT chemotherapy) plus carfilzomib at the same dose level and schedule given in induction therapy. Dose escalation was based on an evaluation of DLT's using a Bayesian logistic regression model.
 Ten subjects with B (n=9) or T- (n=1) cell ALL were treated with UKALLR3 at 2 carfilzomib dose levels (20 or 27 mg/m2, 5 subjects each). Among DLT-evaluable subjects, 3 DLTs (meningoencephalitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome and neutropenia) were observed, 2 at 27 and 1 at 20 mg/m2 dose levels with an MTD of 27 mg/m2. The UKALLR3 regimen was considered too toxic by the protocol steering committee and was replaced with VXLD in January 2016. The VXLD cohort started at 27 mg/m2 and is currently in the 56 mg/m2 dose level. Fifteen subjects (7 B-cell and 8 T-cell) were treated with VXLD at carfilzomib dose levels of 27 (n=3), 36 (n=7), 45 (n=4), and 56 (n=1) mg/m2. One DLT of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) occurred in the 36 mg/m2 cohort, with no further DLTs identified after expansion to 7 subjects. Table 2 lists the patient characteristics of the 15 subjects in the VXLD cohort.
 Grade 3-4 hematological AEs were nearly universal for both UKALLR3 and VXLD. Non-hematological > Grade 3 AE's of note are listed in Table 1. PRES occurred in 2 subjects in the VXLD cohort (both with prior allogeneic SCT) and rapidly reversed in both cases. Re-challenge with carfilzomib in one case was tolerated without PRES recurrence. Serious AE's (SAE) were reported in 50% and 56% of subjects receiving carfilzomib in combination with UKALLR3 or VXLD, respectively, with the most common SAE's among all subjects being sepsis (16%), pancreatitis and PRES (8% each).
 In the UKALLR3 cohort, 60% of subjects (n=6) achieved a remission, however only 30% proceeded to consolidation. In the VXLD cohort, 53% of evaluable subjects (n=8) achieved remission and 13% were non-evaluable due to hypocellular BM at day 29 of induction. All responding subjects recovered hematological counts by day 42 without evidence of progression. Eight subjects (53%) proceeded to consolidation, including 2 subjects with non-evaluable BM results and 1 with 8% BM blasts after induction. All subjects entering consolidation were in remission on day 29 post-consolidation. The overall remission rate with VXLD-carfilzomib was 67% at the end of consolidation. Detailed response data are listed in Table 3.
 Carfilzomib in combination with VXLD chemotherapy was tolerable in a predominantly T-cell ALL population, very early or post stem cell transplant relapse. Efficacy is promising in this small cohort of patients with carfilzomib dose escalation continuing.

 Burke: Amgen, Inc.: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Bautista Sirvent:EusaPharma: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Support for attending symposia; Takeda: Other: Support for attending symposia; Bayer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Other: Support for attending symposia; Amgen, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Gore:Amgen: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel expenses; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Service on Data Safety Monitoring Committee; travel, accommodations, expenses; Roche/Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel expenses; Anchiano: Equity Ownership, Other: spouse employment and company leadership; Blueprint Medicines: Equity Ownership; Celgene: Equity Ownership, Other: DSMC member; Clovis: Equity Ownership; Mirati: Equity Ownership; Sanofi Paris: Equity Ownership. Locatelli:Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Miltenyi: Honoraria; bluebird bio: Consultancy; Bellicum: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. O'Brien:BMS: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; BTG: Research Funding. Obreja:Amgen, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Morris:Amgen, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Baruchel:Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bellicum: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria.

 Kyprolis is a proteasomal inhibitor indicated in combination with dexamethasone or with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received one to three lines of therapy. It is also indicated as a single agent for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received one or more lines of therapy.


In early India, people handcrafted jewellery out of natural materials found in abundance all over the country. Seeds, feathers, leaves, berries, fruits, flowers, animal bones, claws and teeth; everything from nature was affectionately gathered and artistically transformed into fine body jewellery. Even today such jewellery is used by the different tribal societies in India. It appears that both men and women of that time wore jewellery made of gold, silver, copper, ivory and precious and semi-precious stones.Jewelry made by India's tribes is attractive in its rustic and earthy way. Using materials available in the local area, it is crafted with the help of primitive tools. The appeal of tribal jewelry lies in its chunky, unrefined appearance. Tribal Jewelry is made by indigenous tribal artisans using local materials to create objects of adornment that contain significant cultural meaning for the wearer. Keywords: Tribal ornaments, Tribal culture, Tribal population , Adornment, Amulets, Practical and Functional uses. I. Introduction Tribal Jewelry is primarily intended to be worn as a form of beautiful adornment also acknowledged as a repository for wealth since antiquity. The tribal people are a heritage to the Indian land. Each tribe has kept its unique style of jewelry intact even now. The original format of jewelry design has been preserved by ethnic tribal. Jewelry that is made of bone, wood, clay, shells and crude metal, by tribals, is not only attractive, but also holds a distinct rustic and earthy charm. Tribal jewelry is made of the products that are available locally. When the entire country was taken over by the spirit of globalization it was the tribal of India who had preserved the ancient crafts and arts of India. One such form of ethnic Indian art was the jewellery used by the tribes. Ornaments used by the tribes stand out in a crowd because of its rustic and earthy flavour. They make jewellery from the indigenous items that are available locally. Moreover the jewellery they prepare exhibit their artistic skill in a profound manner. Rather it can be said that the appeal of the tribal jewellery is mainly due to its chunky and unrefined look.Tribal's live close to the forest are largely dependent on the wild biological resources for their livelihood. They utilize various plant parts like root, bark, leaves, fruits, etc. to make themselves comfortable. The materials which they commonly use to prepare the wonderful pieces of jewellery are wood, shells, bone, clay and some crude metals. Sometimes they also use hairs of animals in a painted form. The shapes which they use are basic and very close to the ethnic Indian art. Various tribes in India use different types of jewellery to adorn themselves. Sometimes it is found that may be they are scantily clothed but they have ample jewellery on their bodies. Many communities uses lot of grass, beads and cane to prepare their unique jewellery. Traditional ornaments made out of silver, wood, peacock feathers, glass, copper and wild flowers. They generally wear necklaces made up of rupees coin with earrings, bracelets, anklets, bangles, amulets, hairpins etc. in many parts of India. In some places they mainly use thick red coral bead necklaces and also use metals like silver, zee stones, turquoise and coral etc. . Some tribals use common materials like ivory, gold, bone, brass, silver for making their beautiful pieces of ornaments also they use blue feathers from birds, green wings of beetles, beads, earringsmade of glass bead, cane, reed, bamboo and wild seeds. Some tribal women use to wear heavy iron rings in their ears which are coiled several times and necklaces made from metal coins and leather belts which are heavily studded with beads and cast metal bangles to decorate their body. Some tribal men wear flowers in their ears, red being the favourite colour, green fern or other foliage in their hair knots.In early India, people handcrafted jewellery out of natural materials found in abundance all over the country. Seeds, feathers, leaves, berries, fruits, flowers, animal bones, claws and teeth; everything from nature was affectionately gathered and artistically transformed into fine body jewellery. Even today such jewellery is used by the different tribal societies in India. Excavations at Mohenjodaro and other sites of the Indus Valley civilization have unearthed a wealth of handmade ornaments. It appears that both men and women of that time wore jewellery made of gold, silver, copper, ivory and precious and semi-precious stones. The Ramayana and the Mahabharata abound in descriptions of ornaments and the code of Manu defines the duties of the goldsmith. By the Third Century B.C., India was the leading exporter of gemstones, particularly diamonds. Gold was usually imported into the country, a practice prevalent even during the Mughal period. Excavations at Mohenjodaro and other sites of the Indus Valley civilization have unearthed a wealth of handmade ornaments. It appears that both men and women of that time wore jewellery made of gold, silver,


Evaluation on water-saving society construction has played an important supporting role in regional sustainable development.Combining with the characteristics of a typical city,from the comprehensive evaluation indexes,the industries and residents water indicators,water ecology and environmental objectives in three aspects,the water-saving society evaluation system of this city including 18 indicators was established.Based on set pair analysis theory,a city water-saving society construction planing evaluation model typical city is built.The results show that: in the condition of safeguard measures implemented,a typical city will be established water-saving society preliminary in 2010,and will be basically completed in 2015,by 2020,the watersaving society adapted to well-off society will be fully completed.


Significance Excitable axonal membrane microdomains are unique features of vertebrate nervous systems that are required for normal neuronal signaling and are involved in human neurological disorders. Ankyrin-G is a critical adaptor protein that acquired a giant exon early in vertebrate evolution, resulting in a new nervous system-specific polypeptide that is a master organizer of axonal excitable membranes. Giant ankyrin-G–deficient mice live to weaning and provide a rationale for survival of humans with severe cognitive dysfunction bearing a truncating mutation in the giant exon. The giant exon of ankyrin-G thus was a transformative innovation in evolution of the vertebrate nervous system that now is a potential target in neurodevelopmental disorders. Axon initial segments (AISs) and nodes of Ranvier are sites of clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) in nervous systems of jawed vertebrates that facilitate fast long-distance electrical signaling. We demonstrate that proximal axonal polarity as well as assembly of the AIS and normal morphogenesis of nodes of Ranvier all require a heretofore uncharacterized alternatively spliced giant exon of ankyrin-G (AnkG). This exon has sequence similarity to I-connectin/Titin and was acquired after the first round of whole-genome duplication by the ancestral ANK2/ANK3 gene in early vertebrates before development of myelin. The giant exon resulted in a new nervous system-specific 480-kDa polypeptide combining previously known features of ANK repeats and β-spectrin–binding activity with a fibrous domain nearly 150 nm in length. We elucidate previously undescribed functions for giant AnkG, including recruitment of β4 spectrin to the AIS that likely is regulated by phosphorylation, and demonstrate that 480-kDa AnkG is a major component of the AIS membrane "undercoat' imaged by platinum replica electron microscopy. Surprisingly, giant AnkG-knockout neurons completely lacking known AIS components still retain distal axonal polarity and generate action potentials (APs), although with abnormal frequency. Giant AnkG-deficient mice live to weaning and provide a rationale for survival of humans with severe cognitive dysfunction bearing a truncating mutation in the giant exon. The giant exon of AnkG is required for assembly of the AIS and nodes of Ranvier and was a transformative innovation in evolution of the vertebrate nervous system that now is a potential target in neurodevelopmental disorders.


Objective To evaluate the technique and precautions of tension-free herina repair after application of local sclerotherapy in the adult patients with inguinal hernia. Methods A total of 18 cases with inguinal hernia applied with local sclerotherapy received pre-peritoneal tension-free hernia repair with polypropylene mesh and plug method from August 2006 to August 2012. Results The operation time was 56 to 110 mins with a mean of( 72 ± 21) mins. The operations were successful and all the patients recovered,and no recurrence was detected within a follow-up of maximum 2 years. Conclusions Local sclerotherapy may lead to adhesion and the operation will be more difficult,therefore the procedure should include the precise dissociation,the resection of scar tissue,and the repair at the position of pre-peritoneal space under appropriate anesthesia. The suction drainage should be placed in the incision as a standard practice.


Recognizing problems in state universities involves a critical analysis of both internal and external environments and the need to translate this analysis into policy decisions.


Studies that link coronary heart disease (CHD) to the status of health during childhood concentrate on three main areas: (1) elevated levels of cholesterol and triglicerides, even in infancy, (2) genetic inclination to CHD in children of CHD victims, and (3) histological differences in the structure of the coronary vessel wall in children of families with higher or lower incidence of CHD. In this issue ofThe Journal(p 1531) Chase et al report elevated lipid levels in 29% of 179 offspring of 71 victims of early heart attacks. Similar findings in the Busselton study in western Australia led Godfrey et al 1 to say that mass screening of school children's cholesterol levels might be a more effective method of planning prophylaxis of atherosclerosis than the examinations of middle-aged men whose disease is likely to be far advanced and possibly irreversible. Chase et al agree with this recommendation and suggest


Digital literacy development can be done in the realm of schools, families, and communities. With digital literacy in schools, students, teachers, education personnel, and school principals are expected to have the ability to access, understand, and use digital media, communication tools, and networks. In family digital literacy, parents are the frontline in the digital literacy process in the family domain. Father and mother are the first and foremost educators. Community digital literacy can be developed through study groups, youth clubs, hobby communities, and community organizations. Digital literacy learning must also involve an understanding of universal values that must be obeyed by each user, such as freedom of expression, privacy, cultural diversity, intellectual rights, copyrights, and so on. Digital literacy enables a person to interact well and positively with his environment. Thus, digital literacy needs to be developed in families, schools, and communities as part of lifelong learning. Keyword: digital literacy, industrial revolution 4.0


IFRS convergence financial accounting standards require companies in Indonesia to present a comprehensive income statement that includes the presentation of net income, other comprehensive income, and total comprehensive income. And also in 2014, financial accounting standards require reporting of other comprehensive income by including two components, namely: those that will not be reclassified and will be further reclassified to net income. This raises several questions whether reclassification adjustments can increase the usefulness of net income information as an indicator of overall performance. This study aims to investigate two earnings qualities, namely the persistence and value relevance on net income, total comprehensive income and net income without reclassification adjustment components. The research sample is a non-financial company listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange consisting of 431 companies selected as samples with a period of data collection from 2011 to 2018. There are four hypotheses tested using regression techniques. The results showed several findings, namely net income is more persistent than total comprehensive income; net income is more persistent than net income without reclassification adjustment component; the relevance of net income value is higher than total comprehensive income by using price model and value relevance of net income higher than net income without reclassification adjustments using price model. The results of research on earnings quality in net income, total comprehensive income and net income without reclassification adjustments benefit various parties, such as investors, financial analysts and creditors, prioritizing earnings quality.


Broadcast proxy reencryption (BPRE), which combines broadcast encryption (BE) and proxy reencryption (PRE), is a technology used for the redistribution of data uploaded on the cloud to multiple users. BPRE reencrypts data encrypted by the distributor and then uploads it to the cloud into a ciphertext that at a later stage targets multiple recipients. As a result of this, flexible data sharing is possible for multiple recipients. However, various inefficiencies and vulnerabilities of the BE, such as the recipient anonymity problem and the key escrow problem, also creep into BPRE. Our aim in this study was to address this problem of the existing BPRE technology. The partial key verification problem that appeared in the process of solving the key escrow problem was solved, and the computational efficiency was improved by not using bilinear pairing, which requires a lot of computation time.


ATP and adenosine exert pronounced electrophysiologic effects in the mammalian heart. These include a negative chronotropic effect on cardiac pacemakers and a negative dromotropic effect on atrioventricular nodal conduction. Previous studies have indicated that the vagus nerve mediates, a t least in part, the electrophysiologic actions of ATP in the feline and canine hearts.',' This hypothesis was tested in a canine model, and the following results were obtained: 1) Both ATP and adenosine (given at equimolar doses as rapid bolus injections into the right atrium, 1-3 pmol/ kg ) exerted dose-dependent negative chronotropic and dromotropic effects on sinus and atrioventricular nodes, respectively. 2) These effects (that is, prolongation of sinus cycle length and the time interval between right atrial and His bundle electrograms) were transient, reaching maxima 1215 sec following injection and subsequently recovering to baseline values within 60 to 120 sec. 3) Under baseline conditions, ATP is more potent than adenosine. 4) Propranolol (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) did not affect the actions of either ATP or adenosine. 5 ) In the presence of atropine (0.2 mg/kg, i.v.), ATP and adenosine were equipotent. 6) Under conditions of total autonomic blockade, the electrophysiologic effects of both ATP and adenosine were similarly enhanced by the adenosine transport blocker, dipyridamole, and attenuated by the adenosine competitive antagonist, aminophylline.' It was concluded that the electrophysiologic effects of ATP are mediated by a triggered vagal reflex as well as by its degradation product, adenosine.' Further studies have shown that as expected from the involvement of the vagus nerve, the electrophysiologic actions of ATP are markedly potentiated by the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, physostigmine (50 mg/kg, i.v.)! Moreover, Caz+ ions play an important role in neurotransmitter release. Thus, it was hypothesized that elevation of the extracellular Ca2' level would enhance and that the presence of calcium channel blocker would attenuate the actions of ATP. Indeed, during CaCI, infusion (0.025 mmol/kg/min, i.v.) the negative chronotropic action of ATP, but not that of adenosine, was markedly enhanced in a time-dependent fashion.' This enhancement was abolished by atropine (0.2 mg/kg, i.v.). Furthermore, as shown in FIGURE I , verapamil (0.2 mg/kg, i.v.) attenuated the negative chronotropic action of ATP but enhanced that of adenosine? Since ATP was not more potent than adenosine in suppressing sinus nodal pacemaker activity when the two compounds were given directly into the sinus nodal artery,' it was concluded that ATP triggers the vagal reflex by acting on chemosensitive vagal nerve terminals in either the right atrium, right ventricle, or pulmonary cir-


THE MANNER IN WHICH THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES and physiological behavior of numerous biological products, including insulin, are altered by adsorption has been indicated in previous reports (1–6). The present paper presents additional and more detailed facts concerning this behavior of insulin. When aqueous solutions of insulin are emulsified with adsorbing agents such as chloroform for a sufficient length of time, the insulin is rendered insoluble at the pH (2.5) at which insulin solutions are usually prepared. Afterthe adsorbing agent has been removed the insulin remains as a birefringent suspension which, by subcutaneous injection into rabbits and dogs, produces a prolonged insulin reaction similar to that which is produced by other insoluble insulin preparations such as protamine zinc insulin. The altered physical properties and physiological behavior of the insulin vary with the length of the period of treatment.


Communities. Her essential argument is 'that the modern law about corporations or legal personality has been shaped less by advances in legal concepts or theories than by rules that were devised over the centuries to suit the practical needs of governments, lawyers, and their clients'. In the earlier Middle Ages, she suggests convincingly, distinctions between incorporated and unincorporated groups were unnecessary, because any group could own property and go to law to defend it. The growing activities of the Crown, especially over mortmain legislation, slowly changed that, and by the fifteenth century lawyers were developing definitions of corporations, including urban corporations. Even by then, however, all was not as cut and dried as Martin Weinbaum suggested apparently following Blackstone in The Incorporation of Boroughs (1937). In particular, the assertion of Charles Gross, often repeated by others, that towns were automatically considered corporate from 1468 if they paid fee-farm to the Crown, is a misunderstanding of the Year Books. It is impossible to do justice to this essay in a short review, but since corporations bulk so large in English historiography, it should be required reading for modem as well as medieval urban historians. The same, indeed, can be said of the entire volume. D.M. Palliser University of Leeds


The housing market on the island of Guernsey has been shaped by policies and traditions that have evolved over an extended period. The purpose of this research is to analyze this market and provide a framework with which to assess future economic and policy scenarios. An historic overview of Guernsey is followed by a description of housing supply and demand, housing policies, and results and conclusions. Analysis of data available over time is undertaken wherever possible. The most important features of the Guernsey housing market are explored, including trends in employment, households, household income, mortgage interest rates, property taxes, new construction, conversions, demolitions, the housing stock, housing prices, and rents. The impact of non-local employees on the housing market and the recent growth of international business are given special attention, along with the legacy of past housing policies. It is hoped that this study of the Guernsey housing market can add to the understanding of housing markets in related island settings. A brief comparison is made with housing in Bermuda. Thesis Supervisor: Henry 0. Pollakowski Title: Visiting Scholar Thesis Supervisor: William Wheaton Title: Professor of Economics


Composites of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and alkali-extracted steam-exploded Acacia mangium fiber (AEF) were prepared using 2-roll mill and compression molding. AEF was acetylated (AAEF) to three different wt% gains (WPG) and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE) was used as compatibilizer. Acetylation of AEF (AAEF) did not improve the tensile properties, particularly tensile strength of the composites. Addition of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (MAPE) to either HDPE—AEF or HDPE—AAEF composites improved the composite strength. The effectiveness of MAPE, however, was limited by the weight percent gain (WPG) of AAEF resulting in a decrease in composite strength and stiffness. Sorption kinetics and characteristics of water absorption of the composites immersed in distilled water at room temperature for 30 days were determined and compared. All composites were found to exhibit Fickian diffusion process. Results showed that acetylation and MAPE reduced equilibrium water uptake as well as rate of water absorption (diffusion coefficient) of the composites. A synergistic effect, however, was only observed for the equilibrium water uptake when both were considered in a composite formulation.


The global energy system is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change. This results in a vast range of impacts on the energy demand sector and production and supply channels. This article aims to estimate the impacts of variables such as heating and cooling temperatures, income, population, and price on residential electricity demand in G7 countries. Methodologically, this study uses the second-generation panel unit root and cointegration approaches (which are robust in the presence of cross-sectional dependence), a panel fixed effects model with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, and a novel method of moments quantile regression (MM-QR) to determine long-run elasticities. The results suggest that the residential electricity demand of G7 countries is statistically and positively responsive to cold days rather than hot days. This study also presents some policy-relevant issues based on the results.


A novel boost converter named tri-state boost converter is introduced in this paper. According to the operation principle of the tri-state boost converter, the Euler-Lagrange model is set up. Based on the passivity-based control theory and Euler-Lagrange model, a passivity-based controller of the tri-state boost converter is designed. By damping injecting, the input current and output voltage of the tri-state boost converter can reach the desired equilibrium values rapidly. The speed of the tri-state boost converter to reach the desired equilibrium values varies when the damping values changes. The controller is simple to design and makes the tri-state boost converter having better dynamic and steady performances. The passivity-based controller proposed in the paper is proved feasible by simulation results.


Cu interconnects in the back-end-of-line (BEOL) of semiconductor integrated chips were first introduced by IBM in 1997 through dual-damascene Cu filling and subsequent chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) process. Due to its higher melting point, superior electrical and thermal conductivity, Cu wires usually can withstand a much higher current density than aluminum without reliability issue caused by electromigration (EM) [1]. However, as the semiconductor devices continue to shrink in size, the EM lifetime degrades as well due to the geometrical scaling of the critical void size [2]. Cu grain structure and texture are major factors, which affect the EM lifetime [3]. This makes detailed characterization of the Cu microstructure essential.


Background Open lung concept ventilation (OLCV) is a method of ventilation intended to maintain end-expiratory lung volume by increased airway pressure. As this could increase right ventricular (RV) afterload, we investigated the effect of this method on RV outflow impedance during inspiration and expiration using transesophageal echo-Doppler in a trial to differentiate the RV consequence of increasing lung volume from those secondary to increasing airway pressure during mechanical ventilation. Patients and methods Forty stable patients on mechanical ventilation because of different causes (bronchopneumonia, cerebral infarction, hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema postoperative, and post-traumatic mechanically ventilated patients) were enrolled prospectively in a cross-sectional clinical study. Each patient was first subjected to conventional ventilation (CV) with volume-controlled ventilation, followed by OLCV by switching to pressure-controlled mode, and then the recruitment maneuver was applied until PaO 2 /FiO 2 was greater than 375 torr. Hemodynamic (mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, and heart rate) and respiratory (total and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure, peak, plateau, mean airway pressure, and total and dynamic lung compliance) measurements were performed before, 20 min after a steady state of CV, and 20 min after a steady state of OLCV. Also, transesophageal echo-Doppler was performed at the end of inspiration and at the end of expiration to calculate the mean acceleration (AC mean ), as a marker of the RV outflow impedance, 20 min after a steady state of CV and 20 min after a steady state of OLCV. Results During inspiration, AC mean was significantly lower during CV compared with OLCV (P < 0.001). Inspiration did not cause a significant decrease in AC mean compared with expiration during OLCV, but did do so during CV (P < 0.001). In comparison with baseline and CV, OLCV was associated with a statistically significant higher central venous pressure (P < 0.001 for both), higher total quasistatic lung compliance (P < 0.001 for both), and dynamic lung compliance (P = 0.001 for both). Moreover, the PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio of OLCV was significantly higher than that at baseline and CV (P < 0.001 for both). Conclusion OLCV provides a more stable hemodynamic condition and better oxygenation and lung dynamics. Moreover, OLCV does not alter RV afterload during inspiration and expiration as RV afterload appears to be primarily mediated through the tidal volume.


Historically, the first-person plural narrator has been rare in US fiction, and it is both enigmatic and technically demanding. Yet an increasing number of American novelists and short story writers have turned to this formal device over the past 20 years and particularly since 9/11. How might one account for this rise in "we" narration, a trend that surprisingly few commentators have identified, questioned or examined at any length? What are the implications of telling a story in this difficult, even risky way? And in light of the formal challenges it poses to reader as well as writer, why have contemporary works of fiction that are told collectively often been critically and commercially successful? In this essay, I will attempt to answer such questions, examining how US writers from William Faulkner to Jeffrey Eugenides, and Kate Walbert to Julie Otsuka have used the collective narrator in short stories and longer fiction and finally reflecting upon the use of "we" in recent American political discourse.


This paper describes the results of a study investigating cross-border networking by enterprises in the border region of the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, the so-called Euregion Maas-Rhine. Special attention is given to knowledge transfer and sourcing of technology across borders. The study was undertaken in view of the completion of the European internal market in 1993, which was widely expected to induce enterprises to make more effective use of available opportunities to improve their innovative and hence competitive potential. It was found that the majority of enterprises is still oriented towards a purely national environment. Enterprises that are engaged in cross-border networking, however, seem to be doing better than the ones that maintain a national orientation. Experiences of enterprises in cross-border networking form the basis for policy recommendations to promote economic and technological co-operation in the Euregion Maas-Rhine.


The paper presents a two level hardware/software partitioning strategy of a co-design framework (CoDe-X) using an Xputer as an accelerator with a reconfigurable datapath. CoDe-X accepts C programs and carries out both profiling-driven host/accelerator partitioning and (2nd level) resource-parameter-driven sequential/structural partitioning of the accelerator source code to optimize the utilization of its reconfigurable datapath resources.


Copyright law grants the exclusive right to copyright owners so that they have adequate financial incentives to create and innovate. However, when firms are copyright owners, they can leverage the exclusive right to sell or distribute products exclusively. This paper studies the music streaming industry, where streaming services compete for exclusive licenses from music labels. Service providers use exclusive content to attract users, tailoring their services to individual preferences that create switching costs leading to user lock-in. I first use theoretical analysis and descriptive empirics to show that exclusivity confers advantages in competition to a service that can generate larger lock-in effects. I then construct a dynamic structural model in which consumers face switching costs when making subscription decisions. I estimate the model using the monthly data from China's music streaming market over 2014-2017. Finally, I simulate market outcomes under two alternative policies, a compulsory licensing provision, and a mandatory data portability policy. The policy simulation shows that compulsory licensing that enforces non-exclusive distribution would not improve market competition by "leveling the field" between dominant and small services as intended. On the contrary, the policy increases market concentration, enlarging the gap in market share between dominant and small services. In contrast, mandatory data portability that reduces switching costs would reduce market concentration, bringing more users to smaller services. *Senior Economist at Bank of Canada, email: firstname.lastname@example.com; I am deeply indebted to my advisor Marc Rysman and Jihye Jeon for their unparalleled guidance and constant encouragement throughout this project. I am grateful to Panle Jia Barwick and Shanjun Li for their invaluable suggestions and continuous support. For their helpful comments and discussions, I thank Joeffrey Drouard, Kevin Lang, Michael Manove, Giulia Brancaccio, Lei Xu, Said Atri, Hong Wan, Heidi Giusto, Chuqing Jin, Shuang Wang, Ziye Zhang, Luming Chen, Tianli Xia, Hyuk-Soo Kwon, Yingyi Jin, and seminar participants at Boston University, Cornell University, and participants of the Econometric Society/Bocconi University World Congress 2020, and Southern Economic Association 90th Annual Meeting 2020. All errors are my own. Comments are welcome.


Reclaimed Asphalt pavement (RAP) is a C&D waste originating from the reclamation of asphalt pavement which has completed its service life. Using RAP would potentially reduce reliance on primary aggregates and lowers the environmental impact of construction. The present study is
 an attempt made to utilize RAP judiciously as a bound base course of the flexible pavement. Natural coarse aggregates were replaced by RAP in proportions of 50% & 100% with & without Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA), for production of bound-base course mixes. To ensure the long run performance,
 the aging condition was simulated in the laboratory and mechanical properties such as Marshall Stability, Tensile Strengths, Marshall Stability Retained, Indirect Tensile Ratio, rutting resistance, Fatigue life, and abrasion resistance were considered. With the incorporation of 50-100% coarse
 RAP, the Marshall Stability, rutting resistance and abrasion were found to be improved by 30-32%, 43-104% and 11-17% respectively. Similarly, total cost saving is about 15-35%, which is quite significant. However, the addition of WMA enhanced the cost by 3-4%, which is insignificant when combined
 with RAP, furthermore, the reductions in fume emission enhance the sustainability aspect of the technology.


In helicopter with hinged blades, an unstable dynamic phenomenon known as ground resonance may occur during take-off and landing phase leading to the possible destruction of the aircraft. The prediction of the stability boundary has been addressed for various helicopter configuration and by using different methods. However, in order to study the behavior of the system when the rotor speed is in the range of instability, an analysis of the post-critical behavior is needed. To do this, the behavior of a helicopter with isotropic blades and fuselage properties is investigated. The nonlinear terms due to large blades rotation are kept up to cubic order and a coordinate array transformation is used to simplify the equation of motion. The resulting nonlinear system is analyzed using the method of multiple scales and the normal form of the bifurcation is obtained. The results are compared and validated with numerical simulations.


Excitation spectra and the effect of an external electric field on the 15V 31 344·9 band, which is the main transition of the 15V band system of the CS2 molecule, were measured with sub-Doppler resolution. New transitions were observed to appear near the R(0) and P(2) lines and near the R(4) and P(6) lines when an electric field was applied. By studying the change of the energy shift and the intensity with the applied field, we identified the new lines near the R(0) and P(2) lines as transitions to the V 1B2(a′1; K = 1, J = 1, M = ±1) levels, which became allowed by Stark interaction with the V 1B2(a1; K = 0, J = 1, M = ±1) level, where a′1 and a1 represent different vibrational states of symmetry a1. The new lines near the R(4) and P(6) lines were identified as transition to the V 1B2(a′1; 16M) level, which become allowed by Stark interaction with the V 1B2 (a1; 05M) level. These observations made clear that a number of K = 1 levels exist around the V 1B2(a1; K = 0JM) level and an electric field induces ...


Background: The adenoid is involved in the defence against airway pathogens and its surface is also exposed to airborne allergens. The knowledge about reactions taking place in the lymphatic tissue of this organ is, however, limited. To elucidate the influence of atopy we investigated the cellular and cytokine profile of in vitro-stimulated adenoid lymphocytes. Methods: Adenoid tissue cells from 13 atopic and 8 non-atopic children were cultured and stimulated with ionomycin and 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Supernatants were collected after 4 and 20 h of stimulation and interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were analysed by ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the leukocyte markers CD3, CD19, CD25 and HLA-DR. Results: Increased levels of IL-2 and IL-4 but not IFN-γ were detected in the supernatants of adenoid cell cultures from atopic children after 20 h of stimulation (p < 0.05) and a significant correlation with a positive regression between IL-2 and IL-4 was found. Atopy was also associated with a greater increase in the percentage of CD19-positive B cells after stimulation (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A difference in the reactivity of adenoidal lymphoid cells in children was observed between atopic and non-atopic subjects. Atopy was associated with an increased production of IL-2 and IL-4 as well as a more pronounced increase of B cells.


Summary Familial paraganglioma syndrome type 1 (PGL-1) is maternally imprinted, caused by SDHD mutations on the paternally inherited allele, and presents with paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas that are usually benign. We describe a kindred with a germline c.57delG SDHD mutation that demonstrates an aggressive and possibly expanded phenotype. Eight individuals across four generations were heterozygous for the c.57delG SDHD mutation. The three with known paternal inheritance were clinically affected. The aggressive phenotype was manifested by a neck paraganglioma with distant metastases, and to a lesser degree a neck paraganglioma infiltrating into local connective tissue and a pheochromocytoma presenting at age 8 y. A pulmonary capillary hemangioma may expand the SDHD phenotype. We conclude that the c.57delG SDHD mutation may confer a more aggressive and possibly expanded phenotype than other SDHD mutations. Learning points The c.57delG SDHD mutation may confer a more aggressive phenotype than other mutations associated with familial paraganglioma syndrome type 1. A capillary hemangioma, a component of other pseudohypoxia states, was observed in the lung of a single member of the c.57delG SDHD kindred. This report supports the hypothesis of others that mutations found near the beginning of the SDHD open reading frame are more likely to demonstrate an aggressive phenotype.


Nowadays the problem of self-actualization teacher is one of the key problems of pedagogy. Increased attention to this issue is determined by changes in the society, the new socio-political and economic relations, and the reorganization of the education system. It is necessary to has the professional teacher for modern school, teacher and researcher who knows the progressive psychological and pedagogical theory, which owns advanced technology learning and striving to realize their potential. In this connection, the aim of the study is to examine the available theoretical concepts to determine the concept of "self-actualization" and identifying opportunities for school educational environment in disclosing personal and professional capacity of primary school teachers. Professional self-actualization provides direct professional work of teachers, it is a conscious desire to update their professional internal characteristics (properties, capabilities, quality) so that their outer shape (professional knowledge, skills) met professional standards, and the result of professional work has received social (professional) recognition.


We present fabrication and characterization of an electrically-controlled $1 \times 2$ optical switch, based on a Y-branch liquid crystal core waveguide, by a proper choice of applied voltage on the three electrodes corresponding to the input and two output ports.


The Port Control Protocol Anycast Address enables PCP clients to
transmit messages to their closest on-path NAT, Firewall, or other
middlebox, without having to learn the IP address of that middlebox
via some external channel.


We have proposed ultrasonic micromanipulation (UMM) techniques for micron-sized particles in liquid based on the radiation forces of very-high-frequency (VHF) ultrasound. In this paper, we report new UMM techniques using visual feedback techniques. To generate VHF ultrasound, a beam-width-compression leaky wave transducer with a frequency of 50 MHz is used. The 50-/spl mu/m-diameter SiO/sub 2/ glass sphere and the polystyrene sphere are used as test particles. As an example of two-dimensional manipulation, the transportation of particles along circle and character patterns is demonstrated. The selective trapping of a glass sphere is also shown.


This work presents archaeological and osteological evidences of the investigation made in the site of Armatambo, which have allowed to define, in the osteological case, the pathological conditions of a sample from the Middle Ychsma population corresponding to the 22 de Octubre sector, also joining the associated objects belonging to each Funeral Context. The results show a significant bony alteration in all the analyzed individuals. This high osteopathological percentage would reflect a significant preponderance in types of labor activity and extreme violence in which their members lived.


A kind of hollow copper waveguide is demonstrated for THz wave, it is namely a simple copper tube. THz Timedomain Spectroscopy system (TDS) is used to measure the character of the waveguide. The experimental result shows that it can be used to transmit the THz wave with high coupling efficiency, low attenuation and low dispersion. A lowest attenuation of 0.0046dB/mm at 0.557THz is obtained for a 10mm bore hollow copper waveguide.


The following paper presents the results of research on the impact of machine learning in the construction of a voice-controlled interface. Two different models were used for the analysys: a feedforward neural network containing one hidden layer and a more complicated convolutional neural network. What is more, a comparison of the applied models was presented. This comparison was performed in terms of quality and the course of training.


The paper refers to aspects related to benchmark studies, validation and verification (V&V) of structural connections. The considerations emphasize questions encountered in the V&V process, principles of comparison of numerical results and experimental data, the importance of sensitivity study, new ideas regarding the relationship between the research and design finite element model, differences between the Component based model and the Design finite element model. The V&V is demonstrated on modelling of the T stub and on buckling of compressed stiffener.


In this study, discard rates of the commercial red mullet (Mullus barbatus) gillnets, made from different netting twine; monofilament and multifilament were presented. The nets were set near the shore in which contains sea grasses (Posidonia oceanica) in Izmir Bay. These areas are sensitive habitats. During the fishing trials, totally 32 fish species have been caught, 21 of which were non-marketable. The rates of these non-marketable species are 77.8% and %22.8 for monofilament and multifilament gillnets respectively in number. The Serranidae and Labridae families were dominant in catch composition. The CPUE of the monofilament and multifilament gillnets for weight were calculated as 129.6±5.1 and 36.9±1.3 respectively. As a result, monofilament gillnets were caught more non-marketable species than multifilament gillnets (P<0.05; z=0.007). Because of the high rate of discard species, it's not advisable to use monofilament gillnets near the shore, in which contains sensitive habitats.


Geo-informatics technology has dynamic role in mapping, monitoring and management of forest resources. The transformation of forest cover and its analysis on the earth's surface are essential for understanding the associations and interactions between natural phenomena and living organism, especially human. Also deforestation is a major reason for global warming and one of the origin keys for the enhancement of greenhouse effect and climate change. The present study is grounded on the 3S technology in assessment of LU/LC changes within the forest cover area in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary (DWLS) Jamshedpur-Jharkhand, India. The movement of forest-cover variation over the years 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2016 is precisely studied using high resolution Satellite Data (SD). It is noted that, due to shifting cultivation, forest fire, and conversion of forest cover into crop land/bare land and settlement encroachments in forest region by villagers are rapidly increasing; as a result deforestation is taking place. It is predicted that the study would demonstrate the effectiveness of 3S technology in forest renovation, planning and management.


Effect of air and sound pollution has been increases since last few decades due to internal combustion engines and there is a lesser impact of electrical apparatus in automobile sector. Moreover, conventional energy sources are faster exhaustion sources and have been severe impact over ozone layer. The usage of electrical components is increases exponentially in electric vehicles over last decade due to advances in power electronics. In this article, performance comparison of bi-directional dc/dc converters over switching loss reduction, efficiency, ripple analysis, cost and size. Those dc/dc converters are Generic Duel Active Bridge (GDAB-IBDC) and Resonant Dual Active Bridge (RDAB-IBDC) isolated bidirectional dc/dc converters. The GDAB-IBDC converter is simple and its controller is not complex compare to resonant dc/dc converter. The simulation is carried out over PSCAD software with 10 ohm constant resistive load. The resonant dc/dc converter has excellent features compare to generic dc/dc converter like higher switching frequency, less switching losses, higher efficiency, more possibility of soft switching of both bridges and lesser circulating current.


This research aims to: (1) Assess and evaluate the pattern containedsystem in the Securing of National Vital Objectsby Vital Object Security Directorate of  Polda Kalimantan Selatan; and (2) Assess and evaluate the obstacles in the Securing of National Vital Objects by Vital Object Security Directorate of  Polda Kalimantan Selatan. It can be concluded that: 1. The system pattern contained in the Securing of National Vital Objects by Vital Object Security Directorate of  Polda Kalimantan Selatan not stated clearly and explicitly in the legislation pam obvitnas, but in the Presidential Decree No. 63 of 2004 on the Securing of National Vital Security Object there is described that pattern Sispamobvitnas, they are: (1) The main executor of the system Securing of National Vital Objek is obvitnas management authority, in this case the Police through Dirpamobvit; (2) Police are obliged to provide security assistance obvitnas; (3) priority preemptive and preventive activities; (4) in an integrated and simultaneous shared obvitnas managers implement security systems obvitnas;  and (5) and against obvitnas is an organic part of or including the military, the security environment remain to be implemented, although the security environment outside Obvitnas or process interruption handling defense and security. 2. The obstacles in the Securing of National Vital Objects by Vital Object Security Directorate of  Polda Kalimantan Selatan, they are: (1) Lack of quality personnel guard PT. Pertamina (Persero) BBM Terminal Banjarmasin due to lack of professional recruitment system; (2) Insufficient number of security officers compared to the vulnerability of the region; (3) Infrastructure security Obvit Of Polda Kalimantan Selatan are limited;(4) The lack of security coordination between Ditpamobvit Polda Kalimantan Selatan with regional security managers of the company, and the company's internal security guard at the Police Post.


Equations are derived for analyzing the flow of inelastic, non‐Newtonian lubricants in short journal bearings. A realistic bearing geometry is used along with the power‐law fluid model to study the influence of lubricant shear thinning on the load‐bearing capacity under isothermal conditions. The results are useful for designing journal bearings to achieve desired values of the friction coefficient or the minimum oil film thickness for steady as well as time‐varying loads. These results show that the idea of using the viscosity corresponding to the shear rate in the bearing for evaluating engine oil flow characteristics is a reasonable one.


Abstract We extend to larger classes of norms some inequalities concerning sums of positive operators and sums of operators having orthogonal ranges. These inequalities are useful in the theories of best approximation in C *-algebras and generalized inverses.


We injected solutions containing superparamagnetic microspheres into the circulatory systems of rats in vauo, and scanned the liver noninvasively with a high-resolution susceptometer. T h e accumulation of microspheres over time, presumably by macrophage activity, was easily observed. Ez vzvo measurements on tissue samples taken from the animals showed that much of the tracer accumulated in the liver, a little in the lungs and none in the heart. have been used in the determination of gastrointestinal motility [l]. A preliminary s tudy of blood Row has also been carried out in which suspensions of magnetite particles were injected into the circulatory system of rats [2]. We have used similar materials and methods to those of reference [2] to observe the accumulation of 0.7 pm diamcter superparamagnetic microspheres (Seradyn inc., Indianapolis IN) in the liver and, to a lesser extent, the lungs of rats in uivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS INTRODUCTION Eight white Wistar rats were each anesthetized wi th nembutal at 60 mg per kilogram body mass. Nonmagnetic canulae were placed in the abdominal cavity, for administering intraperitoneal maintainence supplements of anesthetic, and in the jugular vein. for injection of the tracer (a 10% dilution in rat ringer of the supplied suspension of microspheres). . Biomedical techniques for imaging magnetic tracers have been investigated in relation to several potential applications. A compelling advantage is that they avoid the invasiveness and exposure to ionizing radiation inherent in many traditional methods. For instance, magnetic tracers


Malus dometica Borkh., M. anis, M. prunifolia Borkh., M. × robusta Rehd., M. antonovka, M. borwinkw, and M. ranetka bare-root seedlings were chilled at 5C for 0, 400, 800, 1200, or 1600 hours. After chilling treatments, one-half of the seedlings were root-pruned and all seedlings were placed in a greenhouse for 15 days. Quantitative differences between species in the timing and magnitude of new root and shoot growth responses to chilling were observed. Root pruning decreased and delayed the production of roots 0.6 mm in diameter) root growth criteria, interactions between chilling hours and species were apparent. Chilling requirements and growing degree hour requirements for vegetative budbreak of each species were estimated. Recent studies indicated an enhancement of root regeneration potential in M. domestica following exposure to chilling temperatures (Young and Werner, 1984b, 1985b, 1986). Similar enhancements of root growth following artificial chilling or exposure to winter conditions have been reported for other species (DeWald et al., 1985; Farmer, 1975; Lathrop and Mecklenburg, 1971; Stone and Norberg, 1979; Webb, 1976, 1977). For M. domestics (Young and Werner, 1985b) and Taxus cuspidata Sieb. and Zucc. (Lathrop and Mecklenburg, 1971), this enhancement is thought to be perceived by the root system. However, quantitative data on chilling enhancement of M. domestics root growth are lacking. Differences among species in root regeneration capacity following exposure to various levels of chilling have been reported (Webb, 1977). Differences in root regeneration capacity in response to exposure to chilling temperatures have also been reported between commercial apple rootstock (Young and Werner, 1984b, 1985b) and between half-sib families of Pinus taeda L. (DeWald et al., 1985). Such differences in root and shoot growth responses to chilling might be useful in apple cultivar and rootstock breeding. While root pruning has often been shown to reduce subsequent new shoot growth (Arnold and Struve, 1989a, 1989b; Geisler and Ferree, 1984) and sometimes root regeneration capacity (Arnold and Struve, 1989b), we found no information on the interaction of root pruning and chilling on root growth or on the effect of root size on the chilling response. The objectives of this experiment were to: 1) quantify the effect of chilling on root and shoot growth, 2) determine if differences in root regeneration potential exist between species of Malus, 3) determine if root pruning alters root and shoot growth responses to chilling, and 4) estimate the chilling requirements and growing degree hour requirements for vegetative budbreak of the species included in this study. d for publication 31 Mar. 1989. Paper no. 12122 of the Journal Series orth Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC 27695-7601. dy will be included as part of a dissertation to be written in partial nt of the requirements for the PhD degree by M.A.A. The use of trade n this publication does not imply endorsement by the NCARS of the named, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned. The cost of pubhis paper was defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. Under gulations, this paper therefore must be hereby marked advertisement indicate this fact. te Research Assistant. or. Materials and Methods One-year-old seedlings of M. domestics, M. anis, M. antonovka, M. prunifolia, M. x robusta, M. borwinka, and M. ranetka were lifted bare-root in early November from the nursery (Lawyer's Nursery, Plains, Mt.) after receiving 0.6 mm in diameter (large roots), and number of roots <0.6 mm in diameter (small roots). Diameters of a random sample of large roots per plant were measured under a dissecting microscope. New root : new shoot ratios, percent budbreak (number of buds J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 115(2):196-202. 1990. Table 1. Least squares means significance levels for hours of chilling at SC (C), species (S), root pruning (P), and interactions for various growth characteristics of apple seedlings.


We develop neural network models to predict the black hole mass using 22 reverberating AGN samples in the XMM-Newton archive. The model features include the fractional excess variance (Fvar) in 2–10 keV band, Fe-K lag amplitude, 2–10 keV photon counts and redshift. We find that the prediction accuracy of the neural network model is significantly higher than what is obtained from the traditional linear regression method. Our predicted mass can be confined within ±(2–5) per cent of the true value, suggesting that the neural network technique is a promising and independent way to constrain the black hole mass. We also apply the model to 21 non-reverberating AGN to rule out their possibility to exhibit the lags (some have too small mass and Fvar, while some have too large mass and Fvar that contradict the Fvar–lag–mass relation in reverberating AGN). We also simulate 3200 reverberating AGN samples using the multi-feature parameter space from the neural network model to investigate the global relations if the number of reverberating AGN increases. We find that the Fvar–mass anti-correlation is likely stronger with increasing number of newly-discovered reverberating AGN. Contrarily, to maintain the lag–mass scaling relation, the tight anti-correlation between the lag and Fvar must preserve. In an extreme case, the lag–mass correlation coefficient can significantly decrease and, if observed, may suggest the extended corona framework where their observed lags are more driven by the coronal property rather than geometry.


The article traces the genesis of the philosophical concept of «Care», as well as its development within the history of Western philosophy. Considered two diametrically opposed interpretations of the concept of "Care", in the philosophy of Socrates and the philosophy of Heidegger. In addition, it defines the role of the concept of "Care" in social philosophy.


In most American cities commuters on public transit have disproportionately lower incomes than commuters who use automobiles. Given the proven link between geographic and economic mobility, it is critical to offer quality public transit to improve access to jobs, health care and education opportunities. Departments of Transportation (DOTs) routinely measure public transit performance and quality perceptions to assess the need for improvements in the transit systems. Nevertheless, the performance metrics used fail to capture the experiences of low-income individuals who often endure complex, lengthy trips, requiring several modes or transfers. We propose BALTO, a novel toolkit to characterize transit system performance and passenger's quality perceptions across all types of passengers and trips. We are designing the BALTO toolkit in collaboration with public housing residents from the Housing Authority of Baltimore City (HABC) and together with two local transit advocacy groups and the departments of transportation in Baltimore and in the state of Maryland.


Natural Language Inference (NLI) is a branch of Natural Language Processing (NLP) whose main task is to determine the relationship between a sentence pair (two sentences). Early attempts were made to use Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to solve such problems, butit was difficult to achieve ideal results. Until the last few years, satisfactory results have been achieved using various methods based on attention mechanisms. Attention mechanism has unique advantages in a wide range of receptive fields, but it is difficult to extract local structure features effectively, while neural networks represented by CNN are good at local feature extraction. Therefore, we first verified the above point by experiments, then proposed the inference network models Feature Fusion Transformer Network (FFTN). The model is improved based on the Transformer model structure, retaining the non-local feature extraction advantages of the self-attention mechanism, combining the convolution method to enhance the feature attention of the local domain, and efficiently combining local and non-local features. Finally, excellent accuracy performance is achieved on the SNLI and MultiNLI datasets.


The computational complexity of classical marching-on-in-time (MOT) methods for solving time domain integral equations (TDIEs) pertinent to the analysis of transient scattering phenomena involving perfectly conducting targets grows as O(N/sub t/N/sub s//sup 2/) (N/sub t/ and N/sub s/ denote the number of temporal and spatial degrees of freedom (DOF) of the electric current on the target). This scaling law impedes the application of these schemes to the analysis of large-scale scattering phenomena. The recently developed plane wave time domain (PWTD) algorithm permits the rapid evaluation of transient wave fields generated by temporally bandlimited sources and hence the acceleration of marching on in time based TDIE solvers. Previously, we described a two-level PWTD enhanced TDIE solver for analyzing electromagnetic scattering from perfectly conducting targets; the computational complexity of this algorithm scales as O(N/sub t/N/sub s//sup 1.5/logN/sub s/). Here, a multilevel PWTD scheme for rapidly evaluating electric fields due to temporally bandlimited electric current sources is described. In addition, a multilevel PWTD enhanced TDIE solver for analyzing electromagnetic scattering from perfectly conducting scatterers using O(N/sub t/N/sub s/log/sup 2/N/sub s/) CPU resources is outlined. Last, the accuracy and CPU/memory efficiency of this solver are demonstrated by analyzing transient scattering from electrically large bodies.


A photograph of Fraces Fisher Tiernan, a.k.a. Christian Reid. Image from Archive.org. [2]Frances Christine Fisher Tiernan, writer whose pen name was Christian Reid, was born in Salisbury, the oldest of three children of Colonel Charles Fredric and Elizabeth Ruth Caldwell Fisher. Her younger brother and sister were Fredric and Annie. Both paternal and maternal forebears were among the first settlers and leading citizens of Rowan County [3]. Her father, killed at the first Battle of Manassas [4] in 1861, had studied at Yale [5] and was a railroad promoter, member of the General Assembly [6], and publisher of the Western Carolinian [7] . Fort Fisher [8] at the mouth of the Cape Fear River [9]was named in his honor. Her mother died early, and the three children were brought up by their aunt Christine Fisher, a recluse and an occasional writer who in the 1850s converted to Roman Catholicism from the Episcopal faith. Except for a semester at St. Mary's [10] College in Raleigh, Frances Fisher was educated by her aunt and, with her, vacationed in the North Carolina mountains. In 1868 she and her sister followed her aunt and brother into the Catholic church.


according to the Taiwan student book publishing in the Ming Dynasty's compilation"recorded" the examination of records of the Ming Dynasty,palace examiner number structure;read roll officer,Diao Guan,monitoring test officer,officer,by volume,volume,and signed official palm patrol officer and officer s supply officer eight examiners in the number,rank,imperial fame was born and proportion did more thorough analysis.At the end of the examiner positions were high grade,a variety of examiners sources on Beijing officials,the examiner honorary title of high grade,the examiner Keju origin of standards in four were analyzed.


Abstract This study reviews the first three volumes published in the new SCM Press series, Learning church: Theology for discipleship and ministry. It is argued that the books in this series contribute a fresh approach to adult Christian learning appropriate for both resourcing individual readers and for supporting university accredited programmes concerned with discipleship learning.


The fulfilment of the condition for the simultaneous achievement of the desired chemical composition and temperature of the metal is ensured by controlling the oxygen consumption and the position of the oxygen impeller lance. The method for solving Model Predictive Control with quadratic functionality in the presence of constraints is given.  Implementation of the described solutions will contribute to increasing the proportion of scrap and reducing the melting period without changing of technological process.


Aim:  To describe general practitioners' (GPs) diagnosis and management of overweight and obesity in children, their attitudes regarding obesity and their awareness of National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) clinical practice guidelines.


KA Ahmed, SJ Fox, E Frigas, MA Park. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012;158(4):405–410

To determine whether children with a diagnosed penicillin allergy were at increased risk for adverse drug reactions to cephalosporins.

The charts were reviewed of 173 Mayo Clinic patients (91 boys) under the age of 18 years (mean age, 4.1 ± 3.1 years) who had a history of penicillin allergy, and underwent penicillin skin testing, and subsequently took a cephalosporin.

This was a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who exhibited symptoms consistent with IgE-mediated …


This Article provides the analysis of accounting policy development specifics for domestic industrial enterprises as per fixed assets accounting affecting the quality of the information disclosed in financial statements. The key elements of accounting policies have been highlighted with respect to non-current assets in compliance with the legislation. The extended list of non-current assets accounting methods and procedures has been proposed for cases where the National Accounting Regulations (Standards) - (NAR(S)) - and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) provide more than one option. In particular, the Order on Accounting Policy of the company proposes to determine: the level of items materiality in financial statements, fixed assets accounting unit, tangible non-current assets classification, methods for determining useful life, depreciation method, the liquidating value, revaluation order, criterion for distinguishing between investment and operating realty, methods for determining the fair value of investment property using the revaluation model, procedure for determining the significant impact of an investor taking into account the long-term investment by the equity method. The recommended list of accounting policy elements will allow enhancement of financial statements accuracy in company's non-current assets management.


EDMC is an extended version of the dynamic matrix control (DMC) approach to control nonlinear processes. In this method, control input is determined based on linear model approximation of the process in each control or optimization interval. The difference between linear and nonlinear models of the process is considered as the known part of the feedback signal in DMC control formulation. Usually the fixed point or the secant method is applied to reduce difference between two models. When the steady state gain of the nonlinear process exhibits sign changes, then linear approximation using above two methods will not converge to a unique solution. In this paper a supervisory control scheme is proposed to solve the problem. Computer simulations show the effectiveness of the method.


To improve the accurate of Bayesian algorithm,a new Bayesian classification algorithm which based boosting was designed.The new Bayesian algorithm had been used in Intrusion Detection System,and an engine of Intrusion De- tection System based the algorithm had been designed.Experiments show that the boosting Bayesian classification algo- rithm is more accurate than traditional Bayesian classification algorithm based Data Mining detection.


A novel scheme is proposed for the velocity estimation of ground moving targets in multi-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. This scheme exploits the statistics of the interferometric phase. In fact, a moving target consists of multiple point scatterers instead of only one. Therefore, the velocity estimation should be based on the interferometric phase of all the scatterers rather than only one. It is proved that the probability density function of the interferometric phase is a Gaussian function, whose peak corresponds to the radial velocity of the moving target. The peak is estimated via a smoothed histogram of the interferometric phase. Finally, the effectiveness of our proposed scheme is verified by simulated and real airborne SAR data.


The most powerful and one of the most interesting known sources of high brightness and highest temperature, the high current carbon arc, is treated here both experimentally and theoretically.


The rice quality related traits including physico-chemical traits were evaluated with one hundred sixty-four MG RILs derived from the cross between Milyang 23, Indica/Japonica hybrid type, and Gihobyeo, Japonica type. The variation distribution of all traits examined approximately fit normal distribution and transgressive segregants over parents were observed for all traits. The occurrence of such transgression could be associated with the interactions of complementary QTL alleles from two parents. However in this study, it could not be concluded that our results of segregation were due to either complementary gene effects or overdominance of a major gene. These factors should be verified by further studies. Correlations between traits were evaluated by regressing phenotypic values of one trait on those of another traits. There are highly significant correlation between grain thickness with grain width, white core and white belly. But between white belly and alkali digestion value showed highly negative significant correlation. Contents of protein showed highly negative correlation with amylose and Mg/K ratio but showed highly correlation with K and Fat contents. Hardness of cooked rice showed highly correlation with adhesiveness, elasticity, gumminess, chewiness.


Deep convection can transport surface moisture and pollution from the planetary boundary layer to the upper troposphere (UT) within a few minutes. The convective transport of precursors of both ozone and aerosols from the planetary boundary layer affects the concentrations of these constituents in the UT and can influence the Earth's radiation budget and climate. Some precursors of both ozone and aerosols are soluble and reactive in the aqueous phase. This study uses the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF‐Chem) to simulate the wet scavenging of precursors of both ozone and aerosols including CH2O, CH3OOH, H2O2, and SO2 in a supercell system observed on 29 May 2012, during the 2012 Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign at cloud‐parameterized resolution. The default WRF‐Chem simulations underestimate the mixing ratios of soluble ozone precursors in the UT because the dissolved soluble trace gases are not released when the droplets freeze. In order to improve the model simulation of cloud‐parameterized wet scavenging, we added ice retention factors for various species to the cloud‐parameterized wet scavenging module and adjusted the conversion rate of cloud water to rainwater at temperatures below freezing in the cloud parameterization as well as in the subgrid‐scale wet‐scavenging calculation. The introduction of these model modifications greatly improved the model simulation of less soluble species.


Madeup is a programming language for making things up-literally. Programmers write sequences of commands to move and turn through space, tracing out shapes with algorithms and mathematical operations. The language is designed to teach computation from a tangible, first-person perspective and help students integrate computation back into the physical world. We describe the language in general and reflect specifically on our recent implementation of its block interface.


As GPS datasets are becoming more available with spatial and temporal information, the needs of high quality, predictive information about spatio-temporal are turning out to be a feasible goal. However, many GPS devices are prone to failure, which results in missing GPS data. Moreover, the missing data may affect the accuracy of the result. To make the matter complicate, the missing data is always not missing at random, and is characterized by long time during which no data is observed. In this paper, there exists a missing trajectory in a truck's traces which lasts a few of seconds. In order to make the trajectory complete, an STZ algorithm is proposed to solve this problem for the first time. The STZ algorithm is aimed to compute the area between any two trajectories. In this paper, we have known many possible routes which are from the original point to the destination. Next, this approach calculates the area between any two trajectories which represents the similarity of the two routes. Last, the K-modes algorithm is adopted to group the similarity of the routes and complete the missing trajectories.


The corrosion behavior of copper and carbon steel in 1M concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) has been studied. The corrosion inhibition of copper and carbon steel in 1M concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) by Ciprofloxacin has been investigated. Specimens were exposed in the acidic media for 7 hours and corrosion rates evaluated by using the weight loss method. The effect of temperature (from 283 oK to 333 oK), pH (from 1to 6), inhibitor concentration (10 -4 to 10 -2 ) has been studied. It was observed that sulphuric acid environment was most corrosive to the metals because of its oxidizing nature, followed by hydrochloric acid. The rate of metal dissolution increased with increasing exposure time. Corrosion rates of carbon steel in the acidic media found to be higher.


Topical vitamin B12 cream may offer some atopic dermatitis patients a natural alternative to corticosteroids and topical immunomodulators, according to a new study.


Based on two studies with Bosniak and Croatian students in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the paper analyzes the effects of religiosity on intergroup forgiveness and reconciliation. Both Christianity and Islam advance forgiveness and reconciliation as one of the major moral imperatives. Previous studies also indicate that religiosity can increase readiness to grant forgiveness on the inter-personal level and facilitate rapprochement. When it comes to inter-group level, prescripts of religious piety often conflict with norms of group solidarity and care. Another set of research suggests that religion obstructs conflict transformation due to the dogmatic reasoning it promotes, including reframing of immanent disputes in transcendental (and thus non-negotiable) terms. This study initially tested whether adding religious symbols to conflict narratives impacts prosocial attitudes of respondents and came with negative results. In other words, adding religious codes to already known narratives about conflicts did not have a significant impact on participants' attitudes. In a subsequent SEM analysis, it was found that religiosity in both groups is strongly correlated with group-centricity, which negatively mediates its relationship with both forgiveness and reconciliation. We conclude that collectivistic forms of religiosity that privilege ingroup solidarity might have negative effects on forgiveness and reconciliation in post-conflict settings.


A magnetic-geared motor (MGM) consists of a magnetic gear and a permanent magnet (PM) motor, which are shared one inner rotor. Hence, it has high torque density in comparison with conventional PM motors. A structure of interior permanent magnet (IPM) is superior as an inner rotor in terms of efficiency. However, in the IPM-type MGM, magnetic interaction occurs and the torque equation considering the interaction has not been studied. This paper deals with the torque equation of the IPM-type MGM. First, the torque equation considering the magnetic interaction is derived. Next, the parameters of the torque equation are determined by using a two-dimensional finite element method (2D-FEM). Finally, the validity of the torque equation is proved by comparing with 2D-FEM.