Practical and empirical equations of transport properties have been developed for refrigerant compounds. These equations have been used to develop correlations for experimental heat transfer coefficient (IITC) for both evaporation and condensation in smooth tubes. Model calculations have been compared with recent experimental data, and reasonable agreement has been obtained. INTRODUCTION We have previously presented IITC models for alternative refrigerants(!>. The transport properties in the models were largely based on published correlations recommended by Jung and Radermacher(2>. Since then, we have initiated laboratory experiments on the important transport properties such as viscosity and thermal conductivity for several alternative refrigerants(3>. At the same time, additional experimental data on condensation/evaporation IITC of several alternative refrigerants have been collected(4-7>. The new experimental data were used to improve our earlier correlations. In this report, we describe our correlations for both transport properties and IITC based on the new experimental data. Our intention is to make practicaVuseful correlations as general as possible. Instead of using individual experimental data (correlations) for each compound, rather generalized equations, which are based on characteristic properties of compounds such as critical point, molecular weight, etc., will be considered. In this way, necessary properties for any unknown/known alternative refrigerants may be universally calculated with little information, although the accuracy in such equations may be lower than that in experimental data correlations. Often in practice, the generality is more useful if the accuracy is reasonable. We regard uncertainties within 10-20% in both transport propertiesiHTC to be reasonable. With keeping these goals in mind, our correlations will be presented, and several examples compared with experimental data will be shown. · MODELING A) Transport Properties In this section, modeled correlations of viscosity, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and surface tension are given with minimum explanation, since the equations are essentially empirical. A-1) Viscosity For pure compounds, when exllerimental data are not available, the following corresponding-state correlation has been developed to use for the liquid phase viscosity:


This paper deals with the development of a new experimental "similarity" vent sizing tool for non tempered chemical system combining the advantages of both DIERS method (laboratory scale) and UN similarity method (less overconservative). This tool is an extension of the VSP2 (Vent Sizing Package II) adiabatic calorimeter. The objective of this new vent sizing tool is twofold. The first is to provide the required A/V ratio necessary to assure a safe relief. The second is to provide measurement of mass vented during blow-down. This paper gives a description of this tool and exposes the first promising results obtained. Its main limits are also given.


Ribozymes are RNA molecules that catalyze cleavage of a target RNA molecule based on sequence specific recognition To determine the effects of hammerhead ribozyme against hepatitis C virus(HCV)on viral protein translation,a hammerhead ribozyme RzA directed to the translation initiation region of HCV RNA was designed and synthesized according to the secondary structure of HCV 5′NCR and adjacent C region RzA gene was inserted into multiple cloning sites of pCI neo vector and constructed the RzA producing plasmid(pHCV RzA) HepG2 9706 cells were transfected using pHCV RzA via Lipofectin for three consecutive days The results showed that pHCV RzA inhibits luciferase expression,controlled by HCV 5′NCR in HepG2 9706 cells,by 48%-80% The results demonstrate the potential of ribozyme therapy in the treatment of HCV infection


We have developed an accelerated testing methodology (ATM) to predict the long-term creep and fatigue life of the polymer matrix composites based on the time-temperature superposition principle held for the viscoelastic behavior of matrix resin. In this article, the ATM has been explained in detail as the foundation of the long-term life prediction of polymer matrix composites. Then, the detail procedures for generating the master curves of creep and fatigue strengths based on the ATM are described.

Keywords:

polymer composite;
life prediction;
accelerated testing;
time-temperature superposition principle;
linear cumulative damage


According to WHO coronavirus tracker, the novel virus COVID-19 has spread to an unprecedented 216 countries and territories as of March 27, 2020. The world is grappling with uncertainties and several countries have imposed restrictions that would severely affect the economic activities not just for now, but also for a prolonged period.

After agriculture, textile sector is on the second rank. This sector is one of the oldest and it has accorded a big amount to the national economy, it gives about 15% of production value-addition, and about one third of our gross export earnings, it also serves employment to millions of people. It is a unique sector in this country. One of the finest and earliest that came into presence in India, it produces around 15% of total industrial production and contributes to 30% of exports and it is the second largest sector serving employment to Indian citizen after agriculture sector. Textile industry serves the most common requirement of citizens and of great importance, developing day-by-day and enhancing quality of Indian people. However, because of this Covid-19, this sector is at risk. The production, turnover, employment, export, everything has come down and it is very difficult to predict when things will revive in Indian textile sector. This paper is an analysis of the impact of Covid-19 on Indian Textile Sector.

Keywords: Covid-19, Indian textile sector, Production, Exports, Imports.


This study examines the use of greeting terms in the Therion DNA Indonesia Cirebon Chapter (TDICC) community. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method because it describes the social phenomenon of the greeting term in the TDICC community. Data were taken naturally from conversations during the meeting and analyzed based on the main theory from Wardaugh (2006). After compiling and analyzing the data, there are 22 data. It can be seen that familial terms and derogatory terms are the most common types of calling terms used by members, followed by terms of intimacy and terms of names. There is no use of the term honor by members. The use of familial terms and ridicule is to show intimacy in society. On the other hand, there is no greeting term with respect because this community only uses informal greeting terms. Also, there are two of the four social functions that are most dominant in choosing certain types of greeting terms, especially to attract intentions and show intimacy. However, showing intimacy is a member's primary social function through the use of nicknames due to the informality of the community and the closeness of the members. Moreover, most of the members respect each other so that they do not need a special call to attract the attention of others. Social status does not affect the greeting terms used in this community, because all members are men.


The idea that innateness can be understood in terms of genetic coding or genetic programming is discussed. I argue that biology does not provide any support for the view that the whole-organism features of interest to nativists in psychology and linguistics are genetically coded for. This provides some support for recent critical and deflationary treatments of the concept of innateness.


The paper puts forward that,the changes of customers of hospital library and the structure of their information demanding in network environment have determined the service targets,content of information service,service methods and administrative system of hospital library.It also points out the obstacles existing in information service of hospital library at present,and provides with the ways and countermeasures for information service in library in information times.


We have searched for proton decay via $p \rightarrow e^{+} \pi^{0}$ and $p \rightarrow \mu^{+} \pi^{0}$ using Super-Kamiokande data from April 1996 to March 2015, 0.306 megaton$\cdot$years exposure in total. The atmospheric neutrino background rate in Super-Kamiokande IV is reduced to almost half that of phase I-III by tagging neutrons associated with neutrino interactions. The reach of the proton lifetime is further enhanced by introducing new signal criteria that select the decay of a proton in a hydrogen atom. No candidates were seen in the $p \rightarrow e^{+} \pi^{0}$ search. Two candidates that passed all of the selection criteria for $p \rightarrow \mu^{+} \pi^{0}$ have been observed, but these are consistent with the expected number of background events of 0.87. Lower limits on the proton lifetime are set at $\tau/B(p \rightarrow e^{+} \pi^{0}) > 1.6 \times 10^{34}$ years and $\tau/B(p \rightarrow \mu^{+} \pi^{0}) > 7.7 \times 10^{33}$ years at 90% confidence level.


Theoretical concepts useful for studying and understanding the relationships that occur in society in general, in social networks and the Internet. People are much more interconnected than ever before and communicate more, and it is interesting to know the laws that can explain certain social behaviours. The current great impact of networks is that they allow much more than communication but also enable decentralization and distribution of the tasks in a flexible form. In turn, this has important consequences for our individual and social behaviour. Some topics covered include exponential distributions (power law), rule 80/20, Matthew law or cumulative advantage, stigmergy, swarm effect, game theory, principle of least effort, collaboration and cooperation.


Genome-wide association studies have identified 136 loci associated with body mass index (BMI) or obesity and these studies have been conducted primarily in the populations of Northern European ancestry. We hypothesize that genome-wide associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may have differentiated effect sizes across different ethnic groups. Twenty-three obesity-susceptibility SNPs were genotyped in six ethnic groups (Europeans, East Asians, South Asians, Africans, Latinos and Native Americans) in the EpiDREAM cohort study (N=17,423). Linear mixed models were used to examine the genetic associations between SNP and genetic risk score (GRS) with BMI in each ethnicity and overall. The results showed that 19 out of 22 selected SNPs and the GRS had associations directionally consistent with previous reports and six of them reached at least nominal statistical significance. Two SNPs (rs1805081 in NPC1 and rs611203 in USP37) and the GRS had significantly different effect sizes across six ethnicities (I 2 =57%, 72%, 60%, and Phet=0.04, 0.003, 0.03, respectively). Therefore their generalizability across different ethnic groups is partial. Ph.D Thesis – A. Li; McMaster University Health Research Methodology


The yield,water use efficiency,dry weight,soluble protein and sugar of radish under different irrigation conditions were studied.The results showed that the treatment which high furrow under plastic film mulching without irrigation was superior to its own contrast;the treatment that high furrow under plastic film mulching without irrigation could save water,achieve high yield and improve quality of the radish root.


five vaccination cycles at 3-weekly intervals. The three cohorts received 0 (cid:1) 3, 0 (cid:1) 6 and 1 mg of each peptide, respectively. In six patients, WT1-specific CTL responses were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assays and pWT126/HLA-A * 0201 tetramer staining, after ex vivo stimulation with the relevant WT1 peptides. However, re-stimulation of these WT1-specific T cells failed to elicit secondary expansion in all four patients tested, suggesting that the WT1-specific CD8 + T cells generated following vaccination may be functionally impaired. No correlation was observed between peptide dose, cellular immune response, reduction in WT1 mRNA expression and clinical response. Larger studies are indicated to confirm these findings.


Considering the existing method of financing such as energy management contract cannot meet the needs of energy-efficient renovation for existing building,"BOT+EMC" financing model was set up,and some main financing models related to introductory phase,growth stage,maturity respectively were also proposed from the angle of industry′s life cycle of energy-efficient renovation for existing building.The result of this study will help to resolve the financial barrier of energy-efficient renovation for existing building,and it will provide planning for the healthy development of this industry from a strategic point of view.


Seeds are the potential populations of plant. Using germination method after washing soil samples through a fine and a course sieve, soil seeds were studied for 3 kinds of soils covered with various vegetations at 3 karst locations in Eastern Yunnan. The results showed that there were abundant seeds stored in soils. There were 40.9~149.3 seeds for each of 10 cm×10 cm×10 cm soil unit which were much higher than that of karst soils in Guizhou and that of forest soils of Guangdong at the same latitude. Generally, seed density of secondary forest soil was higher than that of grassland. There was no any regular trend between seeds of scrub soils and that of grassland. Most of seeds were herbacious, shrub seeds came next, tree and liana were rare. Seeds were unevenly distributed horizontally at all the soils across the vegetation types and locations. Seeds density was dropped down vertically with a slow rate in the soil of secondary forest. The physical characteristics of soil might contribute to this difference of vertical drop rate. Higher organic matter made the soil less compact and easier for seeds to move into deep soil.


Aim: This study was aimed at providing empirical information on key drivers of soyabean production in northern Ghana and factors that determine farmers' willingness to pay for inoculum use in the production of the crop. Research Design and Methodology: A total of 240 grain legume producers were sampled from the three northern Regions in Ghana, out of which 188 were soyabean producers. Farmers who were selected through a combination of stratified and simple random sampling techniques were interviewed with the use of standardized structured questionnaires to elicit primary information for analysis. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation procedure was used to estimate a Cobb-Douglas Soyabean production function. In addition, a binary logistic regression model was used to examine factors that determine farmers' willingness to pay for inoculum use in soyabean production. Results: Evidence from the study showed that area cultivated and farming experience Original Research Article American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 4(3): 290-301, 2014 291 significantly influenced soyabean output positively at the 5% level. However, quantity of labour employed in production and educational level had significant negative relationship with soyabean output, all things being equal. Farmers' willingness to pay for inoculum was found to be positively influenced by experience in soyabean production, access to credit, percentage of produce sold and awareness about inoculum at the 5% significance level. Male farmers were found to be more willing to pay for inoculum than female farmers, and distance from home to farm was found to be negatively related to farmers' willingness to pay for inoculum, ceteris paribus. Conclusion: In an attempt to step up soyabean production and increase the uptake of inoculum among farmers without subsidy, awareness creation about inoculum, credit access and commercial orientation of farmers should be targeted as the key variables in any strategy or policy formulation.


Part 1 Looking back: glimpses of the past. Part 2 A wider choice: style and design portfolio fabric glossary choosing tracks, poles and other fittings. Part 3 Curtains, tops & blinds: guidelines quick & easy - no sew get ready to sew curtains of all kinds decorative headings finishing touches tops 1 - scarf drapery, pelmets & valances tops 2 - traditional swags & tails tie-backs blinds of all kinds remaking curtains. Part 4 Beds & everything else: beds tablecloths cushions. Part 5 Installation & fitting: fitting and hanging care and cleaning. Suppliers directory.


A technique has been developed which will permit fusible metal (Wood's metal) casts to be made of lung tissue previously fixed by formalin inflation.


Various recent studies have shown that variations in observers' color vision characteristics can be a significant issue in modern display colorimetry, since peaky color primaries (commonly red, green and blue) are often used to achieve more vivid and saturated colors. This paper presents an overview of this problem in the context of media and entertainment industry applications. The significance of the effect of observer variability is demonstrated through recent experimental results.


This work describes ongoing research on web information retrieval using queries which require prolonged browser interactions in exploring, revising, resubmitting, and studying results produced by the search engine. Over the last two decades or so, web search has improved significantly in a lot of areas, but has not made much progress at the difficult end of the online search spectrum — one that is precisely characterized by queries with complex information needs. Such queries, we call learning queries, require extended browser interaction by the user for satisfactory results. The main goal of the research is to address the difficulty of learning queries by lessening browser interactions through the implementation of a probabilistic graphical model. The expected outcome is an improvement in relevance, inspired by automatic discovery of collaborative search structures in conjunction with leveraging current search engine capabilities. To attain the project goal, we design and implement a browser extension that collects post-query browsing details based on browser interactions by users. The post-query browsing details are used to create a database of query-indexed trees for validating the model proposed. The work presented here describes the design and implementation of browser extensions and the project methodology.


In present day scenario the most valuable component of fly ash is cenosphere. Cenosphere is a light weight, inert hollow sphere filled with inert air or gas. Cenosphere are hard and rigid, water proof and insulative. Typically 1 to 300 μ in diameter. The low density of such a particles, typically 300 to 1000 kg/m is striking in many applications ranging from building materials, automobile bodies, marine craft bodies, air craft bodies to drilling fluids etc. this paper presents a review on various technologies like gravity separation, Centrifugation, inverted reflux classifier etc used for separation of cenosphere from fly ash and fly ash generation and utilization in context with Indian thermal power station. Keywords-Cenosphere, fly ash, gravity separation, inverted reflux classifier.


High product purity and good bioavailability of substances are important in the pharmaceutical industry. Several conventional techniques, like milling or high-pressure homogenization, reduces the particle size, what improves the bioavailability, but the disadvantages are contamination and morphology changes of the product (Juhnke , 2006). As an alternative supercritical fluids may be used in the form of RESSAS (Turk & Lietzow, 2004; Young et al., 2003). The Rapid Expansion of a Supercritical Solution (CO2 and solved pharmaceutical substance) into an Aqueous Solution (with added surface active substances) leads to small bubbles, in which the nanoparticles were produced. Due to the high material concentration, the particles tend to form agglomerates by diffusion in the gas phase of the rising bubbles. Beside the agglomeration, the particles (agglomerates or primary particles) could be transported to the interface and then transferred into the suspension. There the particles are stabilized against further agglomeration by surface active substances. To investigate the mass transfer of nanoparticles from the gas phase into the suspension depending on the particle size a model system was used, consisting of a bubble column and carbon particles (see Figure 1).


In the distinctive gelatinous Perca fluviatilis egg mass, limited fungal growth by Aphanomyces and Saprolegnia spp. especially S. diclina, occurred within dead eggs but did not spread to adjacent live eggs. Perch eggs exposed to parasitic challenge by Saprolegnia parasitica, S. dieclina (type III) and S. ferax, under fluctuating temperature regimes replicating spring water temperatures, did not have significantly greater mortality than did unchallenged controls. The observations suggest that perch eggs have some anti-fungal properties which usually prevent the spread of fungus throughout the egg mass and that under normal spring temperatures there should be negligible ecological consequences of fungal infection in perch egg masses.


Objective:To explore the relational factors of the traditional Chinese medical type of the patients with schizophrenia hospitalized for the first time and the relationship between traditional Chinese medical type and the western medical type.Methods:97 patients with schizophrenia hospitalized for the first time were divided into six types such as heart disturbed by phlegm-fire,stagnation of vital energy and accumulation of phlegm,stagnation of vital energy and blood stasis,vital energy depression caused by phlegm and blood stasis,stagnation of phlegm-wetness,deficiency of both vital energy and blood et al.The western medical type and the influence of the traditional Chinese medical type caused by positive symptom,negative symptom,and pulse et al were analyzed.Results: The first three types were vital energy depression caused by phlegm and blood stasis(30.9%),stagnation of phlegm-wetness(28.9%) and stagnation of vital energy and blood stasis(16.5%),while the heart disturbed by phlegm-fire(5.2%) was the lowest.The traditional Chinese medical type has close relationship with pulse,volition reduction,solitude(P0.05) and has no relationship with positive symptom and western medical type.Conclusions: The traditional Chinese medical type of schizophrenia has close relationship with pulse,negative symptom and has no relationship with western medical type.


Using significant flashes located in different moments of time, this article is a brief reflection on the meaning of identity – portuense – of interfaith relations that the city knew how to enable throughout its history.


Purpose: In this work problems of crystallization process for pure metal and alloy castings solidifying under forced convection resulting from use of rotational or rotational reversing magnetic field are presented. Design/methodology/approach: Influence of changes caused by forced convection in solidification conditions on columnar crystals zone and its limitation was studied. Obtained results show that magnetic field changes thermal and concentration conditions. Both conditions are connected with magnetic field induction B, that is with liquid metal velocity Vcm ahead of crystallization front. Examples of magnetic field application for casting structure change are shown. Findings: Model of columnar to equiaxed structure transition was based on modified concentration stability criterion of crystallization front, in which measurements of alloy addition concentration along ingot radius were incorporated. Gradient-kinetic conditions were evaluated with use of computer simulation of solidification process. Crystallization conditions at the interface enabled tracking of solidification process for actual casting from its surface to its axis. It was then possible to analyze relation between thermal and concentration conditions in time of solidification and to determine position of crystallization front stability loss, which after some simplifications can be considered as the columnar crystals zone width. Research limitations/implications: Experimental results confirmed justness of introduced model. In analysis also simulation results were used describing liquid metal flow ahead of crystallization front for different types of the interface showing qualitative relations between crystallization front geometry and structure changes. Practical implications: Relations are proposed, which can be used for columnar crystals zone width taking into account nominal concentration of alloy addition Co, forced by magnetic field liquid metal velocity Vcm and thermal conditions represented by pouring temperature Tzal, thermal gradient at the crystallization front at the moment of forced convection termination GT or difference in temperature on casting cross section δT. Originality/value: This paper is a result of several studies conducted in Foundry Department since many years and connected of physical factors (ultrasonic vibrations, electromagnetic field) influence on crystallization process of static and continuous castings [1-7].


For the past 15 years, the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE) has been carrying forward its responsibility to foster cooperation among the 13 western states for the improvement of higher education. The commission sponsors a wide range of cooperative programs, including those to strengthen nursing, mental health, university management information systems, social work, and medical education. At present, several of WICHE's programs are designing new approaches to health manpower production. One such program, still in the planning stage, would provide facilities for the education of physicians and related personnel in the western intermountain region. The concept envisions the use of multiple university campuses for basic science instruction and widely separated community hospitals for clinical instruction. This effort would be supplemented by the use of self-instructional devices and communications networks. WICHE and Medical Education In its early years, WICHE conducted studies of physician manpower in the West. These studies


Chapter 1 Introduction to Hoarding Disorder Chapter 2 Evidence-based Treatment for Hoarding Disorder Chapter 3 Assessing Hoarding Chapter 4 Case Formulation Chapter 5 Enhancing Motivation Chapter 6 Planning Treatment Chapter 7 Reducing Acquiring Chapter 8 Training Skills Chapter 9 Making Decisions about Saving and Discarding Chapter10 Cognitive Strategies Chapter 11 Complications in the Treatment of Hoarding Disorder Chapter 12 Maintaining Gains Appendix Forms and Assessments 1. Clinician Session Form 2. Hoarding Interview 3. Hoarding Rating Scale 4. Saving Inventory - Revised (SI-R) 5. Clutter Image Rating (CIR) 6. Saving Cognitions Inventory (SCI) 7. Activities of Daily Living for Hoarding (ADL-H) 8. Safety Questions 9. Home Environment Inventory (HEI) 10. Scoring keys for assessment instruments 11. Blank Model of Hoarding 12. Brief Thought Record 13. Acquiring Form 14. Clutter Visualization Form 15. Unclutter Visualization Form 16. Acquiring Visualization Form 17. Practice Form 18. Thought Record 19. Instructions for Coaches 20. Family Response to Hoarding Scale (FRHS) References Readings and Resources About the Authors Index


The structure of the domain wall of a ferromagnetic crystal of finite thickness is determined by perturbation theory and by taking into account the surface anisotropy β′ ≷ 0. When perturbation theory is not suitable, a detailed analysis of the problem is also carried out.


The next section, 'Features of an FOI Regime' discusses nine key principles of good freedom of information legislation: maximum disclosure; obligation to publish; promotion of open government; limited scope of exceptions; processes to facilitate access; costs (individuals should not be deterred from making requests for information by excessive costs); open meetings; disclosure takes precedence; and protection for whistleblowers.


The new journal Mediterranea is beginning to publish monographs or collections of miscellaneous articles. However, volumes 7 and 8 differ in that the articles are all on one theme: the blackfigure pottery produced in Italy that was influenced by Attic black-figure, whether through the import of the pottery or the immigration of potters and painters into various areas of the peninsula. Of the dozen or so contributions, the majority concern Etruscan pottery; a few deal with Campanian, Apulian, Chalcidian and Sicilian. Some authors treat individual vases, others adopt a much broader view. As there is no discernible order across the two volumes, the following review groups the Etruscan first. D. Paleothodoros (II.33–82, in English) surveys all Etruscan black-figure and differs from the other contributors in rehearsing the history of the study before moving on to look at the different aspects of the subject that others also address in their own more detailed contributions, such as localization of workshops, individual potters and painters, distribution of finds, range of shapes, contexts, iconography, volume production. This is obviously a prolegomenon to a major study and would have been better placed as the opening entry to the first volume. S. Bruni (I.17–47) concentrates on the most prominent of Etruscan black-figure painters, the Micali Painter, who continues to attract attention. Since Spivey's monograph 25 years ago (N.J. Spivey, The Micali Painter and His Followers, Oxford, 1987), more vases and fragments, whether in local museums, in reserves, in private collections or on the art market, have been attributed to the painter or to his followers' oeuvre. Bruni adds a few more, with the Florence fragment (26, fig. 6) of particular interest, with his most adventurous attribution coming at the end, when he tentatively tries to links a hydria with superposed colour in the Ludwig Collection in Basel (41, figs 20–22), dated 470 BC and linked to the Praxias Group, to the mature or late phase of the Micali Painter. L. Cerchiai and colleagues (I.49–97) tackle the morphological development of the popular Etruscan neck-amphora. The intention is to study the changes in the shape without being 'distracted' by the images painted 265


Objective: The aim of this study was to record the incidence of portal biliopathy in cases of chronic liver diseases (CLD) with portal hypertension, that presented to a tertiary care hospital over a period of 2 years.     Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed on data collected from computerized records and CT scan images of cases of CLD. The data was collected from 30 th September 2013 to 30 th September 2015. The study center was the Department of Radiology, at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Results: A total of 294 patients presented to Liaquat National Hospital, Department of Radiology with the history of chronic liver disease over a period of 2 years. The median age of presentation was 54.50 years. The sample consisted of 160 males (54.42%) and 134 females (45.57%). 264 patients were found to have portal hypertension with varices. Only 03 female patients were found to have cavernous transformation of portal vein with portal biliopathy. Portal vein thrombosis was seen in 42 patients. Regenerating nodules were seen in 36 patients and hepatomas in 98 patients. Conclusion: The incidence of portal biliopathy is rare and is very low, but not uncommon in patients of chronic liver disease with portal hypertension and cannot be disregarded. Timely diagnosis and management will be useful to lower morbidity and mortality. KEYWORDS: Portal biliopathy, Complication, CLD, Portal hypertension, CT scan


The utility model discloses a blackboard, particularly to a quick-cleaning blackboard, which is characterized in that clamping grooves are mounted on the two sides of the blackboard body; a board is mounted on the lower side of the blackboard body; a pull ring is connected with the middle on the outer side of the board; a sponge strip is mounted on the inner side of the board; and the board is connected with the clamping grooves and integrally formed with the clamping grooves. The quick-cleaning blackboard has the benefits that the blackboard is integrated with a blackboard eraser, a teacher can clean the blackboard after writing conveniently, and the problem of time wasting in cleaning the blackboard is solved.


In February of 2012,the average precipitation of Qinghai Province was 5.1 mm,which was more than 60% than synchronization in normal year and was the most in recent 10 years.The average temperature was-6.8 ℃,which was more than 0.3 ℃ than synchronization in normal year.There were 3 times cold air process.The weather characteristic of Qinghai Province was analyzed,and climate background,cause of the form of the weather process were discussed.


N 6 -methyl-adenosine (m 6 A) modification is the most abundant internal modification in mammalian RNA and plays an important role in gene expression mechanisms such as mRNA splicing, nuclear export, transcript stability and translational efficiency. The extent and the significance of m 6 A modifications in pathological conditions, especially hematological malignancies such as lymphomas are not known. In this study, the global m 6 A methylation by an immunocapture method in normal B cells (GMO 6990), and in the B cell neoplastic cells such as diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DB), Burkitt's lymphoma (Raji) and a relapsed pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (NALM6) cells are discussed. Variable mRNA expression of RNA methylases such as methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) and Wilms tumor 1 associated protein (WTAP) that methylates internal adenosine residues in mRNA was observed in normal and lymphoma cells as quantified by qRT-PCR. Further, an mRNA demethylase, Fat mass and obesity associated enzyme (FTO) mRNA expression was found to be high in lymphoma cells compared to normal B cells. A similar trend was also observed between normal and ALL patients at diagnosis. Overall, our studies suggest that altered RNA methylation and enzymes controlling this process may be of significance in the pathology of lymphoid malignancies.


Tunica vaginalis hydrocele (TVH) is a relatively common entity. The procedure of testicular reposition in a subcutaneous pouch following severe scrotal avulsion injury is also a standard line of care. Though, the occurrence of TVH in such a reposited testis is extremely rare clinical presentation. We herein report a case of 55-year male patient who presented with swelling over medial aspect of left upper thigh which was diagnosed as TVH of reposited testis on detailed assessment. The patient was managed on the usual lines of management protocols of TVH with successful outcome.


At least three main types of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes from rats were separated by disc electrophoresis. They were identified as the liver, kidney and bone types. The irradiation of these organs did not produce any change in the pattern of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes of the serum. Disc electrophoretic investigations of normal human sera with the aid of polyacrylamide gel does show no constancy in the distribution pattern of these isoenzymes and no differences in patients with metastasis of various organs. The separation is therefore of no use for the differential diagnosis of liver and bone metastases.


Chapter 2 grounds the study in an exploration of the ecological, material, and social contours of the region. It focuses on the backstories of Kudankulam as the site for a nuclear plant and the spaces of criticality that were generated. The formidable presence of the nuclear plant, visual, material and discursive spawned a range of reactions that spanned from intrigue to ambivalence to resistance. With an overview of 'hot spots' in Kanyakumari and Tirunelveli Districts, the prospect of more radioactivity applies not just to the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant but also to high levels of background radiation in peninsular India, and the mining of sand for atomic minerals particularly for alternative sources of nuclear fuel by way of thorium. Along the way, we assess the repercussions of new hierarchies with the migrant middle class of nuclear employees and the entrenchment of old ones along caste-communal lines.


Introduction: We have previously demonstrated that global deficiency of cKit, an important receptor tyrosine kinase, exacerbates atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. This study aims at demonstrating the protective role of c-Kit in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) against atherogenesis, and the mechanism underlying. Methods and Results: Atherosclerosis was assessed in triple transgenic mice with cKit targeted deletion in SMCs. In this model, atherosclerotic burden was significantly increased in c-Kit deficient mice versus control littermates. The loss of cKit was associated with medial SMCs hypertrophy, hypercellularity, and reduced expression of "contractile" proteins in aortas. In vitro, cKit-deficient aortic SMCs proliferated faster and migrated more than those from wild type controls. The absence of cKit made SMCs prone to acquire a foam-like phenotype secondary to increased activity of the Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4), a transcriptional factor that favors SMC pathological synthetic phenotype. Rescue of cKit in deficient SMCs led to decreased level of KLF4, restored contractile markers, and prevented foam cell formation. Conclusion: This study provides mechanistic evidence that vascular cKit is involved in controlling SMCs phenotype and is atheroprotective in hyperlipidemic mice.


Predictors of work family conflict and different types of satisfaction were investigated among 177 married, employed MBA and public administration students. Job involvement was signifitcantly related to work-to-family conflict but no support was found for paths to family-to-work conflict. Family involvement predicted family satisfaction whereas the number of children was negatively related to family satisfaction. Similarly, job involvement predicted job and career satisfaction. Salary predicted both job and career satisfaction as well. Sex was directly related to life satisfaction, with men reporting significantly higher satisfaction than women. Family, job, and career satisfaction each accounted for significant, unique variation in life satisfaction. Implications of these findings and suggestions for additional research were discussed.


Twenty-nine varieties of cotton replicated 3 times (4-rows per replicate) in a complete
random block design were harvested by a 4-row spindle-type cotton picker. Two commercially
available yield monitors, Agleader and Farmscan were mounted on 2 of the 4 cotton chutes to
measure cotton yield. The primary objective was to determine if the cotton yield monitor could be
used to assess varietal performance or would constant changing of varieties introduce significant
error. Comparisons of the Agleader measured weights for each variety and cotton weighing wagon
weights indicated that it is very important to use the same setup for weighing calibration loads and
harvest loads to prevent introducing bias. The mean absolute error for the Agleader yield monitor
was between 9 and 10 percent when compared to weigh wagon measurements. It was also
determined that quality factors, such as micronaire, length uniformity and fiber strength in different
varieties do not contribute to changes in the measurement of cotton yield with a cotton yield monitor.
There was a slight linear correlation (r2=0.12) between % lint turn-out and yield monitor results. This
may contribute to increased error in yield monitor results when changing varieties since % lint turn-
out should be a function of lint seed mass, which is variety specific. However, other factors, such as
using 2 chutes of 4 for sensing yield and weighing cotton loads with two different weigh wagons for
comparison to the yield monitor results may affect yield monitor accuracy more significantly.


Use of the Semantic Web for e-Learning (SWEL)1 brings great advantages by the accurate description of the semantics of a domain, in order to enhance the navigation and retrieval of the related resources. Even though much work has already been done in relation to scientific areas of research (biology, physics, computer science), in the humanities there has not been the same urgency of delivering the advantages of the new technologies to the classroom or scholars. In this paper, we sum up the research we are pursuing for an e-Learning approach to the field of philosophy, based on ontological engineering and narrative
studies.


Findings are presented regarding childcare providers' use of evidence-based strategies to promote preschoolers' social–emotional competence in 38 urban childcare classrooms. Descriptive results from classroom observations and childcare teachers' interviews indicated that in the absence of training, childcare teaching staff implemented few of these strategies. Teachers also reported a lack of infrastructure elements such as professional development, a leadership team, data-based tools for decision making, and monetary resources that are associated with the adoption and sustained use of strategies. Findings are described and recommendations are presented to support implementation of practices associated with young children's social–emotional competence in childcare settings.


We propose a general theory for studying the landscape of nonconvex optimization with underlying symmetric structures for a class of machine learning problems (e.g., low-rank matrix factorization, phase retrieval, and deep linear neural networks). In particular, we characterize the locations of stationary points and the null space of Hessian matrices of the objective function via the lens of invariant groups. As a major motivating example, we apply the proposed general theory to characterize the global landscape of the nonconvex optimization in low-rank matrix factorization problem. We illustrate how the rotational symmetry group gives rise to infinitely many nonisolated strict saddle points and equivalent global minima of the objective function. By explicitly identifying all stationary points, we divide the entire parameter space into three regions: (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ \mathcal {R}_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) the region containing the neighborhoods of all strict saddle points where the objective has negative curvature; (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ \mathcal {R}_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) the region containing neighborhoods of all global minima, where the objective enjoys strong convexity along certain directions; and (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ \mathcal {R}_{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) the complement of the above regions, where the gradient has sufficiently large magnitude. We further extend our result to the matrix sensing problem. Such global landscape implies that strong global convergence guarantees for popular iterative algorithms with arbitrary initial solutions.


First steps first. Good medical practice begins with good history. The details of a disciplined, comprehensive patient and family history may provide the first clues to a patient-specific medical diagnosis that directs a patient-specific medical treatment. Patient and family history is critical for diagnosing diseases that cause pediatric sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Pediatric SCD is uncommon. It is estimated that 500 to 1000 pediatric patients <21 years old will suffer SCD each year in the United States.1 However, each event is absolutely devastating to parents, families, neighbors, communities, and health care providers. Could the death have been prevented? Could the diagnosis have been made before the fatal event?

The differential diagnosis for causes of pediatric SCD includes anatomic and structural abnormalities of the heart (eg, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, single right coronary artery with anomalous course of the left coronary between the aorta and pulmonary artery, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, etc), primary electrical cardiac disorders (including long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, short QT syndrome), stimulant use (eg, cocaine, ephedra), and trauma (commotio cordis). Importantly, because many of these disorders are genetic, the identification of a first-affected family member may unravel extensive family involvement.

The impact of genetic evaluation was detailed recently in 2 publications. Tan et al2 …

Address correspondence to Robert M. Campbell, MD, Sibley Heart Center Cardiology, 2835 Brandywine Rd, Suite 300, Atlanta, GA 30341. E-mail: campbellr{at}kidsheart.com


Details are given of an investigation on the integration of disabled people in society, e.g. Their place in society. How do they conduct social intercourse and with whom? Which role does travelling play in the establishment of a relation network? The research showed the importance of the socio-professional category and economic status of the family or the handicapped person in potential social integration. The study also brought to light a large number of explanatory factors of the position of handicapped people. (TRRL)


High-performance UAV has been popular and in great need in recent years. The paper introduces a new method in debugging Quadrotor UAVs. Based on the infrared thermal technology and heat transfer theory, a UAV is under debugging above a hot-wire grid which is composed of 14 heated nichrome wires. And the air flow propelled by the rotating rotors has an influence on the temperature distribution of the hot-wire grid. An infrared thermal imager below observes the distribution and gets thermal images of the hot-wire grid. With the assistance of mathematic model and some experiments, the paper discusses the relationship between thermal images and the speed of rotors. By means of getting debugged UAVs into test, the standard information and thermal images can be acquired. The paper demonstrates that comparing to the standard thermal images, a UAV being debugging in the same test can draw some critical data directly or after interpolation. The results are shown in the paper and the advantages are discussed.


Macroscopic models for both vehicular and pedestrian traffic are based on conservation laws. The mathematical description of toll gates along roads or of the escape dynamics for crowds needs the introduction of unilateral constraints on the observable flow. This note presents a rigorous approach to these constraints, and numerical integrations of the resulting models are included to show their practical usability.


OSGOOD (9) and SCHLATTER (13) independently described the clinical features of the condition named after them. They also demonstrated certain roentgenologic changes, and stressed the traumatic origin of the disease. Many authors have accepted this pathogenetic mechanism (I, 3, 4, 8, 15, 16, 17, 18), whereas others have put forward different theories (5, 6, 7, 10, 12). Descriptions are still found of Osgood-,-Schlatter's disease as a constitutional anomaly (14) or as an aseptic necrosis of bone with no traumatic background (11). Few authors have made any detailed study of the roentgenologic features. SUTRO and POMERANZ (16) mentioned soft-tissue swelling at the site of attachment of the ligamentum patellae, 'fragments of bone avulsed from the anterior surface of the tubercle', and 'islands of bone in the patellar ligament at a considerable distance above the tubercle, which may have been formed there or may have been fragments avulsed from the tubercle'. PALUGYAY (10) gave an increased distance between the tuberosity and the tibia, as well as blurring of the margin of the tuberosity, as among the typical changes. HUGHES (4), who regarded Osgood-Schlatter's disease as an intraligamentous condition, stressed


As simulations get larger and produce more data, domain scientists are increasingly using in situ methods to analyze and visualize data as they are being produced. Most tools for in situ, which allow domain scientists to monitor their simulations, such as ParaView Catalyst and VisIt Libsim, tend to be bulky and require the scientist to request and wait for compute nodes or download full datasets (of the order of terabytes or petabytes) on desktops/laptops for analysis. In this paper, we present a very lightweight framework that allows users to visualize snapshots of a simulation without having to request additional compute nodes from a supercomputer when analysis or visualization is needed or download full datasets. We extend the Seer framework, an open-source in situ framework, to sub-sample and store simulation data, which can then be accessed and manipulated from the user's local machine using a dashboard created using Plotly's Dash interface.


Microsoft StreamInsight is a powerful platform that you can use to develop and deploy complex event processing (CEP) applications. Its high-throughput stream processing architecture and the Microsoft .NET Framework-based development platform enable you to quickly implement robust and highly efficient event processing applications. Event stream sources typically include data from manufacturing applications, financial trading applications, Web analytics, and operational analytics. By using StreamInsight, you can develop CEP applications that derive immediate business value from this raw data by reducing the cost of extracting, analyzing, and correlating the data; and by allowing you to monitor, manage, and mine the data for conditions, opportunities, and defects almost instantly.
 By using StreamInsight to develop CEP applications, you can achieve the following tactical and strategic goals for your business:
 • Monitor your data from multiple sources for meaningful patterns, trends, exceptions, and opportunities.
 • Analyze and correlate data incrementally while the data is in-flight -- that is, without first storing it--yielding very low latency. Aggregate seemingly unrelated events from multiple sources and perform highly complex analyses over time.
 • Manage your business by performing low-latency analytics on the events and triggering response actions that are defined on your business key performance indicators (KPIs).
 • Respond quickly to areas of opportunity or threat by incorporating your KPI definitions into the logic of the CEP application, thereby improving operational efficiency and your ability to respond quickly to business opportunities.
 • Mine events for new business KPIs.
 • Move toward a predictive business model by mining historical data to continuously refine and improve your KPI definitions.
 This course covers the key concepts in Microsoft StreamInsight and provides developers with a step-by-step guidance to build their first data streaming applications. The course is expected to run for two hours and is expected to cover the following topics:
 20 minutes - Welcome and Introductions
 20 minutes - StreamInsight use cases, architecture and demo
 20 minutes - Getting the data in and out: writing adapters for StreamInsight
 20 minutes - StreamInsight queries: writing continuous queries and analytics for StreamInsight in LINQ
 20 minutes - Building rich StreamInsight applications
 20 minutes - Deploying and managing StreamInsight applications


The n-octadecyl dimethylallyl ammonium chloride(DAOAAC) was synthesized from n-octadecyldimethylamine(OTA) by quaterisation with allylchloride(AC).The effects of raw material composition,reaction temperature,reaction time and solvent on the yield were studied.The optimum reaction conditions were established.the DAOAAC was quantitatively determined by the two phase chemical titration using bromophenol blue as the indicator and dichloroethane as phase spiltting agent.Its physicochemical properties and virulence were characterized by IR spectrum,elementary analysis,melting point determination apparatus,microscopy and skin stick experiment.Thin layer chromatography(TLC) method was used to trace the synthesis and purity of the cationic antibacterial.


This paper presents a method for the numerical analysis of single server queues with generally distributed interarrival t~mes and a service time distribution of the special phase-type with uniform mean of the phases. Since it was demonstrated in a recent paper that a broad class of distribution functions can be approximated with sufficient accuracy by special phase-type distributions the developed approach represents a widely applicable tool for the numerical analysis of single server queues. The analysis is based on an imbedded Markov chain approach and allows to efficiently compute the interesting performance measures of the queue.


It seems that green house gas problem becomes one of the most important things in the world now. We must anticipate that it will have severe effects on own pulp and paper industry in the near future. This article focuses Kyoto Climate Summit and some major developed countries'moves except Japan after that. Also it summarises scientific explanations and concerning debates for this problem.


The paper discusses that the teaching language should be accurate and logic, vivid and rhythmi- cal, humorous and enlightening, polished and encouraging in the class teaching. By the application of lan- guage skills the teaching quality can be improved effectively.


CPAs in business and industry, whether they work for small companies or huge conglomerates, sooner or later encounter the external auditors. By carefully preparing for the annual audit, we have been able to spend less time with our auditors, save on audit fees and also end up with an efficiently run audit. In addition, we've found that by working smoothly with our auditors, the audit becomes a valuable service, not an onerous annual event. This article lists techniques and procedures that will help your company's internal accounting staff experience a well-run, cost-efficient audit year after year. It is mainly for controllers, chief financial officers or others who are in charge of the audit at the client end, but any CPA in business and industry will find the tips and techniques useful. 1 PLANNING AS THE CORNERSTONE We call our auditor and set the date for the preliminary planning and fieldwork. For any company, this date should fall about three months before your yearend, as soon as possible after the relevant financial statements are completed so the information is still fresh to you and your staff. We inform the auditors of the date of the statement on which they will be doing the preliminary fieldwork. For example, if your fiscal yearend is December 31, you should use your September 30 statements. If you can finish up those statements by October 20, schedule the audit fieldwork to begin on October 27. At that point, ask the auditors to send you an audit schedule telling you when each stage of the audit will occur and listing all of the schedules, reports, minutes and other information they would like available for planning and the preliminary fieldwork. At my company, interim audit needs include, for example, a listing of all additions and disposals of property, plant and equipment for the year January 1 through the date of the interim procedures and an expected price increase percentage for the inventory items purchased throughout the year. During the week after the September 30 financial statements are released and before the auditors are due, you and your staff should gather all the data needed for the audit. If you do not get the audit schedule by October 20, ask the auditors to fax it to you immediately. 2 RALLYING THE TROOPS As soon as we set the date for our preliminary audit, I send a memo to all of the staff who will be involved in the audit. I have them mark their calendars accordingly and tell them to make themselves available to the auditors during those dates. I explain they may have to work late during this period. Next, I follow up with a copy of the audit schedule: Each item needed for the audit is marked with the name of the responsible staff member and a due date -- usually the last working day before the audit is to begin. When they arrive on the premises, I give this annotated copy of the audit schedule to the auditors. I make sure to go over each line item the day before the audit is to begin to ensure that each person on my staff has completed his or her assigned tasks. Some CPA firms use a software program, such as Accountants Trial Balance (ATB), which allows you to key in the trial balance. You can give it to the auditors on a disk or by e-mail. This saves your company money because it saves the auditor time. Most auditors have spreadsheets that can accept these files; Windows 95 programs have made such transfers especially simple. Right before the audit's start date, I have a brief meeting with all staff members who will be working with the auditors. I explain that audit requests get first priority; scheduling conflicts should be reported to me. I tell them to refer any questions they can't answer to me: As the audit coordinator, I run the audit for the company. Usually, the chief financial officer appoints the coordinator if there is no controller to direct the audit. Some companies have a general accounting manager or financial accounting manager who may be appropriate for the job. …


Abstract: In Support Vector Machines (SVM ́s), a non-linear model is estimated based on solving a Quadratic Programming (QP) problem. Based on work [1] we investigate the quantifying of statistical structural model parameters of inflation in Slovak economics. Dynamic and SVM ́s modelling approaches are used for automated specification of a functional form of the model in data mining systems. Based on dynamic modelling, we provide the fit of the inflation models over the period 1993-2003 in the Slovak Republic, and use them as a tool to compare their forecasting abilities with those obtained using SVM ́s method. Some methodological contributions are made to dynamic and SVM ́s modelling approaches in economics and to their use in data mining systems. The study discusses, analytically and numerically demonstrates the quality and interpretability of the obtained results. Three partly modified programs developed by S. Gunn [4] cover the SVM regression technique by applying in the Matlab5 version. There is no need for a manual here because all programs are userfriendly even for beginners in using MATLAB.


UVr-1 UV-resistant cells were established from UV-sensitive human RSa cells. We looked for genes expressed differentially between UVr-1 and RSa cells using PCR-based mRNA differential display to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying UV resistance. The transcription levels of syndecan-1 mRNA were increased in UVr-1 cells compared with those of RSa cells. Syndecan-1 is a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan and associates with cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton. Flow cytometric analysis using anti-syndecan-1 monoclonal antibody revealed that syndecan-1 was more abundant in UVr-1 cells than in RSa cells. The MTT method revealed that UVr-1 cells treated with the antibody showed higher sensitivity to UV cell killing than mock-treated cells. Studies using antisense oligonucleotides for syndecan-1 showed that antisense-treated UVr-1 cells became sensitive to UV cell killing. Thus, syndecan-1 might be involved in UV resistance in UVr-1 cells.


We hypothesized that histamine causes endothelial NO release, activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), leading to inhibition of Rho Kinase (ROCK) to decrease lymphatic contractility. Isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics displaying spontaneous contractions at a 2 cm H2O luminal pressure at 37ºC were studied before and after 10−6–10−4 M histamine treatment. Vessels were loaded with Fura‐2 to determine intracellular free calcium. The role of NO/sGC signaling was tested with 10−5 M L‐NAME or 10−4 M ODQ. The role of ROCK was investigated by transfecting vessels with constitutively active (ca)‐ROCK protein (2 μg/ml). Videos were acquired and end diastolic diameter (EDD), end systolic diameter (ESD), and contraction frequency were measured. Phasic contraction amplitude was calculated as AMP = EDD – ESD. Passive diameter (MaxD) was measured in Ca2+‐free Ringer's and used to normalize data and calculate tone: (MaxD‐EDD)/ MaxD)*100%. Histamine increased lymphatic EDD, decreased tone and AMP, and caused cessation of phasic contractions and associated Ca2+ transients. Pretreatment with L‐NAME or ODQ attenuated the response. Transfection of ca‐ROCK decreased EDD and increased tone within 5 min, but did not block histamine‐induced lymphatic relaxation. The data suggest that NO/sGC mediates histamine‐induced lymphatic relaxation, but inhibition of ROCK is not involved. Supported by NIH R01HL098215.


View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27653 Received Mar 31, 2021, Accepted for publication Apr 7, 2021. *Correspondence to: Hidemasa Takao, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan, Tel: +81 3 5800 8666, Fax: +81 3 5800 8935, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com From the Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan


The synthesis sparse representation model of signals regards that signal is formed from linear combination of a few atoms from a synthesis dictionary. Compressive sensing (CS) as a novel technique to acquire the signal directly in already compressed is based on that model. The analysis sparse representation as alternative model for the signals began to gain attention in recent years. The sparse analysis coefficients are obtained in analysis model by multiplying analysis dictionary and the signal. In this paper, we compare the performance of synthesis-based and analysis-based CS system. The simulation results show that analyisis-based CS provides better performance than synthesis-based CS in terms of signal recovery accuracy. It suggests that the analyis model will play an important role in the future direction of the CS research.


The lithium-ion (Li-ion) cell is a high capacity electrical energy storage device with applications in portable electronics and growing applications in the military and transportation market spaces. To expand the current market of this energy storage device, future work should aim to improve its power and energy densities. At present, commercialized materials are being altered or doped to enhance certain physical and chemical properties − such as diffusivity, electrical conductivity and reaction rates − to improve the cell performance. Alternatively, performance gains can be streamlined through increased understanding of the electrodes physical and chemical properties effects. Identifying the effect of electrode properties might enable the assembly of a cell with better electrode performance, tailored for the discharge rate of a specific application. Computer simulation of Li-ion cells is an efficient tool for guiding material development and pinpointing areas of future improvement and optimizing cell performance. In this paper, the impact of lithium diffusivity in the active electrode materials on Li-ion cell performance has been studied through computer simulation. To achieve generalized results, this study is conducted for multiple cell design cases including the cells with various electrode thicknesses, volume fractions of active material, and initial salt concentrations in liquid electrolyte. A quasi-two-dimensional model is considered for computer simulation of the Li-ion cell. This model is based on the mathematical model developed by Newman's group [1]. In this model, it is assumed that both negative and positive electrodes of the cell are made of uniform-sized solid spherical particles. These particles are the active material of the electrodes. The size of these particles is assumed to be unchanged during the cell charging and discharging processes. Both electrodes contain uniform composition of binder, conductive additive and liquid electrolyte. For the computer simulation, one-dimensional mass and charge transports in both electrodes and electrolyte in the cell thickness direction and two-dimensional lithium diffusion in electrode particles at particle radius and cell thickness directions were taken into account. This simulation was accomplished by COMSOL Multiphysics Ver. 4.2. The results of this study revealed that the lithium diffusivity in the active material of both electrodes plays an important role to improve the cell performance; and a special attention should be paid to select, altered or doped active materials for both electrodes, especially for negative-electrodes. The impact of the lithium diffusivity in active electrode materials on the cell performance is quantified in this paper.


In this paper, conventional gate-level circuit compositions of the totally self-checking two-rail checker unit and the 2-of-4 checker unit are revisited. With respect to the former (latter), when the two input code words compared is not complementary (if two 1's are not present in the four input rails) and in the presence of an internal stuck-at fault, the checker is no more fault secure. In both the cases, the checker ceases to be totally self-checking. Given this, we suggest suitable cell based designs to overcome the above drawbacks. Hence, this work presents a new insight into combinational checker circuits.


In this paper, we study the reliability as offered by the medium access control (MAC) and the radio link control (RLC) for the high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) in a Wideband-CDMA (WCDMA) system. The Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) mechanism in the RLC usually has considerable amount of delay associated with it which might not be able to sustain real-time communication with strict delay requirements. However, if retransmissions are done at a lower layer, such as the MAC, the response time is quicker which enhances the performance of the system. We perform simulation experiments with synthetically generated HTTP traffic and show how the delay and throughput vary as observed from the RLC, for finite number of retransmissions at the MAC layer. We observe that there is a substantial gain in the performance with the incorporation of fast retransmission at the MAC layer, which incurs a delay of only 2 ms (equivalent to 3 slots in a WCDMA frame).


Abstract Despite the growth in adult day health services over the last decade, there is limited research on the topic. With the majority of participants receiving public dollars for care and disenrolling into more expensive nursing home care, the purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence how long an individual stays in the program. Data were gathered from existing records of five adult day programs operating in central Ohio through new intake files from 1, 1999 to December 31, 2000 (N = 280). Cox regression was used to determine the factors that influence length of stay. Those older, at higher nutritional risk, non-white, receiving public funding disenrolled at higher rates. Those participants who were married and had a psychological diagnosis disenrolled at lower rates.


Evidences of structural relaxation effects in the liquid metal alloy system Hg‐Tl have been reported in the literature [Abowitz and Gordon, Acta Met. 10, 671 (1962)], referred to in numerous review articles, and reinvestigated in this study, motivated by negative findings in the system Sn‐Bi. Pulse‐echo measurements between 15 and 325 MHz in the temperature range from 2° to 106°C reveal that no relaxational absorption exists in the system in these domains. The present results are compatible with the previous results if the correction for diffraction effects is omitted. Finally, an anomalous absorption has been found in this temperature range for which a minimum in α/f2 exists at 60°C, but has a classical frequency dependence. The results of other measurements in several liquid metal and semi‐metal systems are also presented. [This work was supported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research.]


ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among individuals living in restricted freedom. METHODS A seroprevalence survey was carried out with the population of the female penitentiary of the Centro de Progressão Penitenciária (CPP) in Butantan (municipality of São Paulo), between June 24 and August 20, 2020. During this period, according to the Secretariat of Penitentiary Administration (SAP), the positivity of rapid tests among inmates ranged from 65% to 78%. The evaluation method used in the study was the "One Step COVID-19" rapid test (chromatography), from the company Wondfo, also using the RT-PCR method in symptomatic participants to confirm the viral condition. The study population consisted of 879 female inmates and 170 employees of the institution. RESULTS The prevalence of total antibodies (IgG/IgM) against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the total population of 1049 study participants was 6.1%; among the population of 879 inmates,a prevalence of 5.8% was observed, and among the institution's employees, 7.5%. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of covid-19 at the Butantan CPP was low, which is due to the implementation of simple prevention measures at the institution, such as the use of masks (with appropriate changes), emphasis on hygiene, hand washing and social distancing, in addition to other strategies, such as suspending inmates' visits from relatives and friends and cutting back on elective medical appointments and outside work.


Whether online advertising improves consumer welfare depends, in part, on the effect that advertising has on the prices consumer will pay for advertised products. To date, however, little empirical research has studied the impact of online advertising on consumer prices. In our ongoing study, we mine price and advertising data for a large sample of products sold online using a popular search engine, and investigate the relationship between sponsored search advertisements and consumer prices across those products. The impact of advertising on consumer welfare (and, in particular, the price consumers pay for products) has been a disputed subject among economists. Pigou looked favorably at what he called "informative" advertising (advertising that makes an unknown product or characteristic known) but regarded "competitive" advertising (advertising that tries to lure people away from a competing product without providing valuable information) as an evil that should be avoided (Pigou, 1932). Since Pigou's days, both "informative" and the "competitive" views have become popular in the economic literature on advertising and have provided alternative predictions on the relationships between advertising, consumer welfare, and consumer prices. The informative view of advertising posits that, as advertising provides product information that would otherwise


Separation of seed mixtures plays a very important role in obtaining high‐quality seeds, which is characterized by the absence of hard‐to‐separate admixtures of weeds. The aim of the work was to improve the quality of seed mixtures of perennial grasses due to the use of the drum separator in the process of their additional cleaning. The conducted studies determined the basic geometric dimensions of the components of seed mixtures of perennial grasses and their coefficients of friction on various materials. The difference in their values was insignificant, as a result of which it was found that separating by these indicators is inappropriate. We can intensify the separation of the studied mixtures by using a drum vibro electric separator, where the separation takes place in a combination of frictional and electrical properties of the components. The main adjustable parameters of vibro electric separation established by previous studies were: the drum speed f = 8 rpn; the electric field of corona discharge E = 3.0 kV / cm; the oscillation frequency of the drum f1 = 50 Hz; drum amplitude A = 1,6 mm. With such parameters of separation we achieved the purity of the seed of the clover and the timothy grass in the range of 97...98 %, which, respectively, for 22.5 % and 17.5 % exceeds the purity of the original mixture.


Abstract The occurrence of failed breakup basins and deepwater blocks of thinned continental crust is commonplace in the rifting and breakup of continents, as part of passive margin development. This paper examines the rifting of Pangaea–Gondwanaland and subsequent breakup to form the South Atlantic Ocean, with development of a failed breakup basin and seafloor spreading axis (the deepwater Santos Basin) and an adjacent deepwater block of thinned continental crust (the Sao Paulo Plateau) using a combination of 2D flexural backstripping and gravity inversion modelling. The effects of the varying amounts of continental crustal thinning on the contrasting depositional and petroleum systems in the Santos Basin and on the Sao Paulo Plateau are discussed, the former having a predominant post-breakup petroleum system compared with a pre-breakup system in the latter. An analogy is also made to a potentially similar failed breakup basin/thinned continental crustal block pairing in the Faroes region in the NE Atlantic Ocean.


Narrative representations have not been found in all Buddhist monasteries. In some areas, for instance in the region of modern Sannati in ancient Āndhradeśa, only one stūpa, known today as Kanaganahalli, was decorated with opulent narrative reliefs, while the others display none at all. It appears that some Buddhist schools were interested in narrative representations while others were not. The area now known as Nagarjunakonda – the historical Vijayapurī of the Ikṣvāku dynasty in the 3rd century CE – offers the best opportunity to investigate which monasteries the narrative reliefs came from. Among the approximately 40 Buddhist complexes that have been excavated, some of which actually name the schools the resident monks belonged to, and which were built following different layouts, all narrative reliefs were discovered in only a few of the complexes. All of these complexes show a very similar layout with a stūpa outside the monks' cells, which are positioned in a U-shape, and two apsidal temples facing each other. One of these complexes gives the name of the related school as Aparamahāvinaśaila. It seems that this school was one of those interested in narrative representations, while all the others mentioned in inscriptions at Nagarjunakonda (Theravādins, Mahīśāsakas, and Bahuśrutīyas) were not.


This paper discusses repeating patterns on infinite skew polyhedra, which are triply periodic polyhedra. We exhibit patterns on each of the three regular skew polyhedra. These patterns are each related to corresponding repeating patterns in the hyperbolic plane. This correspondence will be explained in the paper.


Title. Spiro[3H-indole-3,2′-pyrrolidin]-2(1H)-one compounds and derivatives as MDM2-P53 inhibitors Patent Publication Number. US 10,144,739 B2 Publication Date. December 4, 2018 Priority Application. EP 15189210 Priority Date. October 9, 2015 Inventors. Gollner, A.; Broeker, J.; Kerres, N.; Kofink, C.; Ramharter, J.; Weinstabl, H. Assignee Company. Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein (DE) Disease Area. Cancer, including prostate, lung, pancreatic, breast, ovarian and cervical cancers, melanoma, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Biological Target. The inhibition of the MDM2-p53 interaction. Summary. The invention in this patent relates to spiro[3Hindole-3,2′-pyrrolidin]-2(1H)-one derivatives represented generally by formula 1. These compounds are inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction and can potentially provide a treatment for cancer. P53 is a nuclear phosphoprotein that functions as a sequence specific transcription factor. It is a potent tumor suppressor that activates the transcription of a subset of genes controlling cellcycle progression and apoptosis. The P53 protein has been named the "guardian of the genome" because of its vital role in regulating several essential cellular processes, including cell cycle and growth arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, senescence, angiogenesis, and innate immunity. TheMouse DoubleMinute 2 (MDM2) protein (or its human homologue known as HDM2) is a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor. It binds to and downregulates p53 activity in an autoregulatory manner. MDM2 uses its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity to promote proteasome-mediated degradation of p53 to control its activity. Thus, in the absence of stressful cellular conditions, MDM2 keeps the activity of p53 in check by using the above-mentioned tools to maintain normal cell proliferation and cell viability. Studies have shown that deletion of theMDM2 gene in mice causes embryonic lethality, but this effect can be overcome by simultaneous deletion of p53. The absence of MDM2 regulation of p53 is associated with the inhibition of cell growth and marked cell death. These observations emphasize the importance of the role of MDM2-p53 autoregulation in the control of cell growth and death. Studies have confirmed that the loss of p53 activity through aberrant inhibition of its function can lead to malignant transformation of normal cells. The loss of p53 activity occurs in nearly all types of human cancers by either one of two mechanisms:


1. I n t r o d u c t i o n and b a s i c n o t i o n s I n the l o g i c o a l g e b r a i c f o u n d a t i o n s of quantum mechanics we i d e n t i f y the "event s t r u c t u r e " of an experiment w i th an or thomodular p a r t i a l l y ordered s e t c a l l e d a l o g i c (see [5] and [14 ] ) . Let K, M be l o g i c s of two independent exper iments and l e t us c o n s i d e r these two exper imen t s as a s i n g l e one. Assume t h a t L i s the l o g i c of the l a t t e r combined expe r imen t . We ask i f (and how) the l o g i c I can be c o n s t r u c t e d from K and M. I n t h i s note we f i n d a p a r t i a l answer to t h i s q u e s t i o n we c o n s t r u c t the l o g i c L under the assumption t h a t K i s Boolean. This complements the i n v e s t i g a t i o n s of the papers [ 4 ] , [ 7 ] and [11]. Let us f i r s t i n t r o d u c e b a s i c n o t i o n s as we s h a l l use them i n the s e q u e l . D e f i n i t i o n 1 . 1 . A l o g i c i s a s e t L endow®d wi th a p a r t i a l o r d e r i n g ^ and a unary o p e r a t i o n such t h a t s ( i ) 0 , 1 £ L , ( i i ) aas b b sg a' f o r each a , b e L, ( i i i ) ( a ' ) ' = a f o r each a e L , ( i v ) aV a' = 1 f o r each a e L , (v) a V b e x i s t s i n L whenever a , b e L and a ^ b , ( v i ) b = a V ( b A a ' ) whenever a , b e L and a ^ b . An example of a l o g i c i s a Boolean a l g e b r a ( c a l l e d he re a Boolean l o g i c ) o r , f o r a n o n d i s t r i b u t i v e c a s e , a l a t t i c e of p r o j e c t i o n s i n 3 Von Neumann a l g e b r a . I n the s e q u e l , l e t us r e s e r v e the l e t t e r L ( p o s s i b l y wi th i n d i c e s ) f o r l o g i c s .


This paper shows accuracy comparison results of reliability estimation methods for one-shot systems such as ammunitions. Quantal-response data, following a binomial distribution at each sampling time, characterizes lifetimes of one-shot systems. Various quantal-response data of different sample sizes are simulated using lifetime data randomly sampled from assumed weibull distributions with different shape parameters but the identical scale parameter in this paper. Then, reliability estimation methods in open literature are applied to the simulated quantal-response data to estimate true reliability over time. Rankings in estimation accuracy for different sample sizes are determined using t-test of SSE. Furthermore, MSE at each time, including both bias and variance of estimated reliability metrics for each method are analyzed to investigate how much both bias and variance contribute the SSE. From the MSE analysis, MSE provides reliability estimation trend for each method. Parametric estimation method provides more accurate reliability estimation results than the other methods for most of sample sizes.


The proposed circuit is a digital PLL implemented in a single 20RA10-type PAL that provides a recovered serial clock to a receiver IC. The circuit suits NRZ/NRZI data streams and has been tested for baud rates of 2 Mbaud and over.


With the development of virtual reality technology, portable force feedback dataglove plays an important role in virtual assembly and telepresence system. Angle measurement is a basic function of force feedback dataglove, in which the measurement accuracy and calibration are often considered as unsolved problems in previous research. For solving these problems, some work is conducted with an exoskeleton force feedback dataglove using pneumatic artificial muscles as actuators. First, a measurement model of the finger flexion angle based on the theory of four-bar-linkage motion stabilization is built. The effect of structure parameter of linkage on the angle measurement and force feedback is analyzed, which has provided a help for the choice of linkage parameters and improved the accuracy of measuring angle. Then a new calibration method, which is called the "four-posture calibration" based on standard block and genetic algorithm, is proposed. Taking index finger as an example, the process of calibration is introduced in detail. Experiment has shown that with the new calibration method more accurate results can be obtained than that in previous work.


In this paper, we are concerned with sequence-based receding horizon control over networks. We address the most general case where acknowledgments are provided but are also subject to delays and losses. This is in contrast to the majority of the related work in literature, where they are either delivered instantaneously and without losses or not issued at all. As in the case where acknowledgments are not issued, the separation principle does not hold in the considered setup, rendering the optimal control law generally nonlinear. Based on previous results, we present an iterative algorithm for the computation of the parameters of a linear receding horizon controller that does not assume separation a priori, taking the dual effect into account. The resulting controller is optimal in the sense that it minimizes an upper bound of the underlying quadratic cost function with respect to the control sequences. Its performance is demonstrated in a numerical example.


Current debris models are able to predict the growth of the space debris problem and suggest that spacecraft must employ armor or bumper shields for some orbital altitudes now and that the problem will become worse as a function of time. The practical upper limit to the velocity distribution is on the order of 40 km/s and is associated with the natural environment. The velocity distribution of the man-made component peaks at 9-10 km/s with maximum velocity in the 14-16 km/s range. Experience in space has verified that the "high probability of impact" particles are in the microgram to milligram range. These particles can have very significant effects on coatings, insulators and thin metallic layers. The surface of thick materials becomes pitted and the local debris component is enhanced by ejecta from the impact events. In this paper, the HYPER facility is described which produces a reasonable simulation of the man-made space debris spectrum in a controlled environment. The facility capability is discussed in terms of drive geometry, energetics, velocity distribution, diagnostics, and projectile/debris loading.


In this paper, we demonstrate that the large-area and high- aperture-ratio AM-LCDs can be realized by using planarization technology. Both a-Si:H TFT arrays and Cu-gate electrodes/buslines have been successfully planarized by low dielectric constant organic planarization polymer, benzocyclobutene (BCB). First, the impact of BCB interlayer thickness on vertical crosstalk, feedthrough voltage, and busline load capacitance is analyzed for the high-aperture- ratio pixel cell structure. For a given tolerance margin of crosstalk ratio, the pixel aperture-ratio decreases with an increase of interlayer dielectric constant, and such a reduction in aperture-ratio becomes more distinct in displays having a higher resolution. After the BCB passivation, there is no degradation in field-effect mobility and subthreshold swing for BCE type a-SI:H TFTs having different channel thicknesses and channel lengths. Finally, the electrical characteristics of Cu gate- planarized a-Si:H TFTs is presented. The device has a field- effect mobility of 0.73 cm2/V-s, a threshold voltage of 5.83, a subthreshold swing of 0.71 V/dec, and an ON/OFF- current ratio of 2.5 X 106. These results show that a combination of fully planarized Cu-gate lines and a-Si:H TFT-pixel arrays can be developed for large-area, high aperture-ratio, and high definition AM-LCDs.


Precision progressive die, which is one representative of modern advanced stamping dies, is widely used in the process of stampings in the electron-information products. For the problems that the graphic elements are too complicated to manage and the related figures of die parts are difficult to modify in the assembly design, an assembly model based on association design technology is established so as to achieve the horizontal and vertical associations of the part figures. Then an assembly-graphics feature structure model is proposed to implement the unified presentation and management of the graphic information.


Context: Psoriasis assessment tools in use presently lack reproducibility and are cumbersome to use. An easily reproducible, objective tool with ability to maintain visual records for follow up is hence desirable. We conducted a study with the aim to assess dermoscopic changes in psoriasis while on treatment by recording the number of hemorrhagic dots (Hemorrhagic Dot Score‐HDS) in a representative plaque and comparing it to the PASI score. Settings and design: A longitudinal prospective study was conducted between October 2018 to March 2020 in a dermatology centre of a tertiary hospital on cases of chronic plaque psoriasis on treatment over 6 months, assessed at baseline and thereafter monthly for 6 months. Methods: Hundred consenting patients of chronic plaque psoriasis were assessed, clinically, PASI and dermoscopically. HDS and other dermoscopic features were noted at every visit. Statistical analysis used: ANOVA and F test of testing of equality of Variance; effect size in terms of Cohen were used to report the strength of an apparent relationship. Results and Interpretation: Percentage improvement in the mean PASI scores and HDS and percentage improvement of mean was found significant in each month on follow up. Systemic therapy as compared to topical therapy showed higher effect size of 6.1 and 1.7, respectively. Conclusion: Hemorrhagic dot score can be used as an objective, definite assessment tool correlating with clinical severity of psoriasis with more accuracy which shows changes early following institution of therapy.


Abstract Aims Potential advantages of real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided electrophysiology (MR-EP) include contemporaneous three-dimensional substrate assessment at the time of intervention, improved procedural guidance, and ablation lesion assessment. We evaluated a novel real-time MR-EP system to perform endocardial voltage mapping and assessment of delayed conduction in a porcine ischaemia–reperfusion model. Methods and results Sites of low voltage and slow conduction identified using the system were registered and compared to regions of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on MRI. The Sorensen–Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) between LGE scar maps and voltage maps was computed on a nodal basis. A total of 445 electrograms were recorded in sinus rhythm (range: 30–186) using the MR-EP system including 138 electrograms from LGE regions. Pacing captured at 103 sites; 47 (45.6%) sites had a stimulus-to-QRS (S-QRS) delay of ≥40 ms. Using conventional (0.5–1.5 mV) bipolar voltage thresholds, the sensitivity and specificity of voltage mapping using the MR-EP system to identify MR-derived LGE was 57% and 96%, respectively. Voltage mapping had a better predictive ability in detecting LGE compared to S-QRS measurements using this system (area under curve: 0.907 vs. 0.840). Using an electrical threshold of 1.5 mV to define abnormal myocardium, the total DSC, scar DSC, and normal myocardium DSC between voltage maps and LGE scar maps was 79.0 ± 6.0%, 35.0 ± 10.1%, and 90.4 ± 8.6%, respectively. Conclusion Low-voltage zones and regions of delayed conduction determined using a real-time MR-EP system are moderately associated with LGE areas identified on MRI.


It is well known that sensor location uncertainties can significantly deteriorate the source positioning accuracy. Therefore, improving the sensor locations is necessary in order to achieve better localization performance. In this paper, a constrained-total-least-squares (CTLS) method for simultaneously locating multiple disjoint sources and refining the erroneous sensor positions is presented. Unlike conventional localization techniques, an important feature of the proposed method is that it establishes a general framework that is suitable for many different location measurements. First, a modified CTLS optimization problem is formulated after some algebraic manipulations and then the corresponding Newton iterative algorithm is derived to give the numerical solution. Subsequently, by using the first-order perturbation analysis, the explicit expression for the covariance matrix of the proposed CTLS estimator is deduced under the Gaussian assumption. Moreover, the estimation accuracy of the CTLS method is shown to achieve the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) before the thresholding effect occurs by a rigorous proof. Finally, two kinds of numerical examples are given to corroborate the theoretical development in this paper. One uses the TDOAs/GROAs measurements and the other is based on the TOAs/FOAs parameters.


PURPOSE: An ink jet printer head and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to remove the joining and assembling per part or the whole parts for improving the precision of the respective parts, thereby designing the respective component parts such as reservoirs, restricters, flow channels and nozzles and the like with high precision. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing an ink jet printer head includes the steps of preparing a silicon wafer(10), forming a restricter plate(12) by doping impurity components on the silicon wafer, forming a nozzle plate(14) by forming a polysilicon layer by doping the impurity components or plating metal at a lower part of the silicon wafer, forming a nozzle(16) by etching the nozzle plate after etching, forming a flow channel(18) penetrating the restricter plate and the silicon wafer by etching the silicon wafer and the restricter plate after patterning, forming a restricter(20) on the restricter plate by patterning and etching the restricter plate, forming one or more reservoirs(22) connected to the restricter at a lower part of the restricter by etching the silicon wafer by a predetermined thickness after patterning the silicon wafer, forming an additional actuator formed of an upper electrode(32), a piezoelectric/electro-restriction film(30), a lower electrode(28), a vibrating plate(24), a chamber(26) and a chamber plate, and adhering the restricter plate to the actuator.


Adenocarcinoma of the lung with pleural involvement frequently resembles pleural epithelioid mesothelioma clinically as well as macro- and microscopically. Special stains, immunohistochemical studies, and electron microscopic studies are needed to differentiate these 2 tumors. We report a case of pleural involvement by adenocarcinoma, mimicking in the hematoxylin-eosin stain an epithelioid mesothelioma, correctly identified only after immunohistochemical and electron microscopic examinations.


Since 1994, the number of employed in the construction industry has increased from 106 000 to almost a doubling of 175 000 in 2015. Of 175 000, more than one percent experienced a workplace acciden ...


The theory of bank credit channel,as one credit of monetary policy,stresses the loanability of bank credit capital.Foreign scholars hold greatly different views on financial structure and transmission mechanism on monetary policy(such as the existence of bank credit channel,position,roles of bank department,etc.).Although these researches are based on western perfect banking sys-tem and capital market system,they will have enlightening significance on transitional countries as China in making and implementing monetary policy.


Recently, incorrect and unhealthy postures have become increasingly prevalent due to reasons such as smartphone use. Consequently, imbalanced muscle contraction occurs. In particular, if the oblique muscle is contracted, the accessory nerve will be compressed, causing ischemic pain in the upper trapezius muscle. To investigate the effect on pain in the upper trapezius muscle, this study applied the ischemic compression method to the accessory nerve capture point at the 1/3-point of the oblique cervical muscle. In this study, the ischemic compression method was applied to eight women twice a week for four weeks, and pain was evaluated before, immediately after, and three weeks after application. The visual analogue scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire, and pressure dynamometer were used to evaluate subjects' pain. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the pain was significantly reduced after treatment, and that the pain reduction was still effective three weeks after completion of the intervention, indicating that the intervention on the accessory nerve compression point on the oblique cervical muscle was both effective and long-lasting for pain reduction in the upper trapezius muscle. Future studies should increase the number of subjects to check not only pain reduction in the upper trapezius muscle, but also improvement of neck function.


"The purpose of this study is to clarify the hydrological and ecological processes of arid inland river basins in Eurasia and provide a scientific basis for their sustainable development." However, this aim is not achieved at all. The MS lacks to show how the data presented are interconnected, let alone illustrate such aims. The paper is supposed to be about a water stable isotope monitoring network. Yet it only comes up in the second half of the abstract. The penultimate sentence tries to describe how the dataset could be utilized. This should be much more elaborated on and should be one of the main messages of the abstract.


Low temperature RF magnetic sputtering technology was applied to deposit nano-TiO_2 and rare-earth Nd with differ- ent content ratio by the deposition manners of TiO_2/Nd,Nd/TiO_2,TiO_2/Nd/TiO_2.Therefore,better antibacterial performance under visible light is obtained.The antibacterial performances of samples were measured using shake flask test,and with Esch- erichia coli as experimental bacterium.The results showed that the anti-bactericidal performance was improved by mixing a cer- tain amount of Nd in TiO_2 thin film by the TiO_2/Nd/TiO_2 deposition manner.


Background: Migraine is a common debilitating headache the exact cause of which is not known. Efficient and proper treatment of migraine involves accurate diagnosis, educating the patients and to make them aware of the disorder and finding the best medication for the management of pain. This will also increases the patients' adherence to medication and will help in improving their quality of life. The objective of the study was to assess the awareness of migraine patients towards various aspects of migraine in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational questionnaire-based study conducted from January to March 2017 in ASCOMS&H, Sidhra, Jammu. The self-administered pre-validated questionnaires pertaining to various aspects of migraine were distributed among the patients diagnosed of having migraine and attending the Neurology Out patient department (OPD). Patients of either sex with a diagnosis of migraine and age ≥18 years were included in the study. The data was analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics.Results: In the present study, majority of the patients suffering from migraine were in the age group of 18-40 years (58.6%) and females were more commonly affected about 60.9% than males. There was no family history of migraine in 78.1% of the patients. About 87.4% of the patients had 2-6 attacks of migraine per month. The most common triggering factor cited by the patients was lack of sleep in 29.9% followed by stress in 27.6% and less water intake in 26.4% of the patients.Conclusions: From the present study, it can be concluded that the patients were aware about the associated signs and symptoms but they had inadequate knowledge about all the aspects of the disease. Therefore, it is important to make patients more aware of the disease to increase their compliance to treatment and to improve their quality of life.


to best measure end-of-life (EOL) care quality. systematically assess EOL outcomes among pediatric cancer patients. a con-sistent yardstick, how are we to reinforce our successes or ameliorate our shortcomings?