During the last decade, co-learning techniques have been widely used for the formation of an effective open society. Co-learning allows increasing the skills of social adaptation and joint work of representatives of inhomogeneous groups. The purpose of this study was to determine educational effectiveness, as well as danger, the effectiveness of the digital environment in developing social skills and achieving learning quality in a new generation. The study was conducted in the form of a survey among 60 students from Gulin Tourism University and Mos-cow State Pedagogical University; they were divided into two groups, the meth-ods of cooperative and collaborative co-education with immersion in a digital en-vironment were used. A control group consisted of at least 30 students. The real effectiveness of training was tested both by the solution of task and by independ-ent testing that was obtained in the process of solving. A separate survey was conducted to establish a subjective assessment by students of the social skills and interaction. The survey was conducted according to the methods that have been developed over the past 6 years by different groups of researchers. Consequently, it was found out that co-learning technologies do not influence the quality of training and the assimilation, and students immersed in a digital environment showed even better results. The number of students with most correct answers for the test was 46.67% and 23.33% in study groups, and only 10% – in control group. Generally, the results of a subjective assessment of social skills coincides with similar data obtained by other researchers and shows an improvement of collaboration in inhomogeneous groups, slighter leadership in common problems solving, and very low conflict indicators. Generally, the results of a subjective as-sessment of social skills coincides with similar data obtained by other researchers and shows an improvement of collaboration in inhomogeneous groups, slighter leadership in common problems solving, and very low conflict indicators.


[Objective] The study aimed to explore the rejuvenation technology for excellent mature tree of Cunninghamia lanceolata.[Method] Taking the young tree of C.lanceolata with the ground diameter of 0.5-10 cm or its stump sprouts as the stock and using the middle-upper branches of excellent mature tree as the scions,the grafting was conducted in the spring and summer,thus the rejuvenation was made combining with other measures of rejuvenation,and lastly the younger sprouts were obtained.[Result] In spring,316 plants were grafted totally and 163 plants were survived with the survival ratio of 51%,in which 11 plants could grow up-right,their leaves were in whorl,their branches were thin and these plants could realize the rejuvenation in same year,with the plant height being highest as 125 cm.In summer,58 plants were grafted totally,43 plants were survived with the survival ratio of 74%,most of the sprouts were in whirling leaves,up-right and got good rejuvenation effect,and the grafted sprouts grown normally,with the mean plant height of 35 cm.[Conclusion] The grafting survival rate related with the wood species and the scion,and taking the young tree of C.lanceolata with the ground diameter of 1.5-3.0 cm as the stock was the better for the grafting.Applying the effect of parent stock that were grafted on the special stock at orientation repeatedly could make its resistance and quantity traits to be in superposition,which was expected to breed the new strains of excellent clones.


Abstract : This report describes a computer model for predicting the performance of meteor burst communication links in terms of the usable meteor rate (MR) and the available channel duty cycle (DC). This model incorporates an empirical database of sporadic meteor flux, an empirical meteor velocity distribution, and detailed antenna pattern data usually provided by the National Electromagnetics Code (NEC). This program, PC METEORLINK, integrates MR and DC contributions throughout the sky region between 80 and 120 km above the earth's surface where most meteors are ionized. PC METEORLINK was derived from a VAX FORTRAN program called METEORLINK. This report describes the algorithms used in PC METEORLINK, the empirical data of meteor flux and velocity, the empirically-based formula for various meteoric physics and atmospheric parameters. It is divided into three sections. The first, R&D Equipment Information, is a User's Guide for the PC METEORLINK program. The second, Computer Software Product Item, is a Technical Manual for the program. The third, Scientific and Technical Report, presents validation results for PC METEOR- LINK prediction. This validation section compares PC METEORLINK predictions with data taken from the Greenland Meteor Burst Test Bed, the Jodrell Bannk Experimental Station, and meteor-burst measurements performed in Kazan, Russia.


Critical Care Medicine www.ccmjournal.org e243 The authors reply: We read with interest the letter to the editor by Dr. Brent (1) and appreciate his insights. Dr. Brent (1) rightfully points out the importance of confounders and their effects on observed associations. Additionally, he notes that in our systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the impact of the timing of antibiotics on outcomes in severe sepsis and septic shock, we did not control for confounders, which could have affected our results (2). Dr. Brent (1) is correct in his assertion that we did not control for factors such as severity of illness; however, it was not for a lack of appreciation in the importance of this, but simply a result of the limitation of the available data in the published literature. Although many of the studies included in the meta-analysis did control for severity of illness, the granularity of these data was not available. Therefore, while severity of illness and/or organ dysfunction was often controlled for and reported, patient level data regarding which patients received antibiotics during particular time frames and their associated markers of illness severity in conjunction with mortality were not available. Additionally, all studies included in the meta-analysis did not evaluate severity of illness similarly. These factors made accurate evaluation of the effect of confounders difficult to assess in a meta-analysis, as Dr. Brent (1) points out often the case in this study design. As mentioned in our original article, the intent of our study was to inform the discussion on the importance of data-driven quality metrics, not to imply that antibiotic administration is not important to patient care and outcomes in severe sepsis and septic shock (2). As the quality metrics advocated by the National Quality Forum and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services make no attempt to adjust for severity of illness, and our meta-analysis was intended to critically evaluate the evidence behind this metric as written, we made no attempt to make such an adjustment. Therefore, given the available published data at the time, this meta-analysis does not support the use of time to antibiotics as defined by the specific cutoffs studied in our analysis as a marker of quality of care in severe sepsis or septic shock. Dr. Puskarich's institution received funding from National Institute of General Medical Sciences (K23GM113041). The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest. have both been discussed (4). However, confounding has not been addressed and is probably an even more important issue in interpreting the study findings. Confounders are factors that modify or provide alternative explanations for the presence (or absence) of an observed association—in this case, the association between timing of antimicrobial therapy and survival from sepsis. To be a confounder, a factor has to be independently associated with both the exposure (timing of antimicrobial therapy) and the outcome (survival or death from sepsis). Illness severity at presentation is an important confounder in observational studies of sepsis. It is associated with outcome (sicker patients are more likely to die), and frequently also associated with treatment, because sicker patients are on average more likely to be recognized and treated earlier. Failure to account for this in the analysis may underestimate, abolish, or even reverse the observed association between early treatment and outcome, even if it confers true benefit. To measure the true association between treatment and outcome in an observational study, confounders need to be controlled for in the analysis. This may be particularly difficult in meta-analyses because it requires comparable patient-level data from all the studies included. In their analysis, Sterling et al (1) did not control for potential confounders such as illness severity, which has important implications for interpretation of their results. This may be appreciated by reviewing the source of patients included in the meta-analysis. It is notable that a single study by Ferrer et al (5) contributed 90% patients in the meta-analysis of time from triage to antibiotics and 46% patients in the meta-analysis of sepsis recognition to antibiotics. The inclusion of one very large study is not itself a problem. However, it becomes crucial when one reviews the original data. Although Ferrer et al (5) did not observe any effect of antibiotic timing on survival in their own unadjusted analysis (similar to the meta-analysis by Sterling et al [1]), by adjusting for confounders including illness severity they demonstrated a clear association between early antimicrobial therapy and improved survival with a biologically plausible effect gradient (5). This demonstrates substantial confounding by illness severity in a very large proportion of the data included in the study by Sterling et al (1), a fact that severely undermines the validity of their unadjusted meta-analysis. Although the exact nature and size of any effect of early antimicrobial therapy on sepsis outcome remains uncertain, likely confounding means the results of this meta-analysis should be interpreted with extreme caution. Dr. Brent has disclosed that he does not have any potential conflicts of interest.


In recent years,Liaoning Province has obtained encouraging progress in advancing balanced development of compulsory education in counties(cities,areas).But with the gradual balance of the development of compulsory education in counties,the gaps of the development of compulsory education among counties actually start gradually to enlarge.This gradually becomes the new problem and new contradiction which Liaoning education faces.So the author proposed that we must take advancing the balance in province area as the new strategic choice of the balanced development of compulsory education in Liaoning Province;we must take the innovation of the compulsory education system as the basic safeguard of advancing balanced development of compulsory education;we must take strengthening the elementary and middle schools' standardization construction as the main method of advancing balanced development of compulsory education;we must take the construction of education information as the important way of advancing balanced development of compulsory education;we must take the construction of primary schools in villages as the noticeable detail of advancing balanced development of compulsory education.


Benzoxazole nucleus is one of the most important heterocyclic compounds exhibiting remarkable pharmacological activities. Benzoxazole constitute an important class of therapeutic compounds and efforts were made to synthesize varied derivatives in order to claim their potential biological profiles. Variety of substituted benzoxazole derivatives that have shown various considerable biological activities such as antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antifungal, herbicidal, antiplatelets, anticonvulsants, antitumor, anticancer, anti-alzheimer's, antihyperglycemic, melatoninergic ligands, antitubercular, anti-HIV, anthelmintic, DNA topoisomerase inhibitor, cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitor and miscellaneous activities. Although benzoxazoles are very common heterocyclic compounds now a day, but still the results shown by previous studies emerge the fascination about the molecule. The review focuses out various important synthetic derivatives of benzoxazole and their associated pharmacological profiles which may in turn helpful to the information seekers to develop some novel derivatives of medicinal interest. The review provides a broad overview of the synthesis and pharmacological activities. This review may help medicinal chemists to develop newer compounds possessing benzoxazole moiety that could be better agents in term of efficacy and safety.


With the increase in the identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children, there is a need for teachers and coaches to have a tool box of effective strategies to facilitate physical activities for their students with ASD. Physical activity has been shown to provide numerous benefits, such as improved resilience and enhanced positive development. Swimming, specifically, is an optimal form of physical activity for children with ASD and an important life skill, considering that drowning is a leading cause of death among children with ASD. Training programs and educational opportunities for accessing appropriate strategies to teach children with ASD are seemingly scarce. This article aims to minimize this lack of resources by suggesting hands-on teaching strategies for aquatic programs for children with ASD to enhance the swimmers' opportunities to participate in recreational aquatic activities.


This essay has brought forward one kind of the image compound encryption algorithm which is based on chaotic mapping and gray substitution,and have adopted one-dimension logistic chaotic sequences to confuse the image ranks respectively,and has combined with gray substitution.The algorithm possesses high security.An new DCT-based information-hiding algorithm is proposed by making use of Human Visional System's(HVS) character,and choosing the appropriate modulus after image frequency region varies,adjusting it's odd-even mantissa,to reach the purpose,and to expand it to multi-level information-hiding technology based on other varying region,the experiments testify it has possessed the merit of high capacity,strong robust and drawing blindly.


Abstract Health resources are an important factor to reduce infant and child mortality. However, taking into account budget constraints, it is very difficult to increase public health resources for all regions within a country at the same time. For this reason, in this paper, we assess the effects of the regional health government expenditure assignment as well as the regional health resources available such as beds or paediatricians. We estimate a dynamic model using a system-GMM (Generalised Method of Moments) to explain infant and child-mortality in Kazakhstan during the period 2000–2018. In this period, Kazakhstan experiences a sharp decrease in infant and child mortality reaching the target values from sustainable development goals (SDG). We evaluate several variables to capture the effects of public health resources assignment, such as expenditure per capita, expenditure depending on previous year mortality rates as well as health facilities resources for children by region. Results show that an increase in health expenditure per capita in those regions with high mortality levels is particularly relevant to reduce infant mortality while health facilities are actually more important to reduce an under-5 mortality rate.


Rosales-Escobar et. al. (2016) reported that numbers of adult pirate bugs, Orius cf. insidiosus on field maize were not significantly affected by inundative application of conidia of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum Petch (=Metarhizium anisopliae var. brunneum, in part). While the statistical analysis and the conclusions of the paper are correct and remain valid (i.e., that application of M. brunneum did not affect pirate bug abundance), the densities of insects per plant reported correspond to experimental replications (groups of 10 plants), not to individual plants (i.e., pirate bug numbers per plant in treatments are 10 times larger than actual numbers). Treatments were: Metarhizium = 2 g of rice overgrown by M. brunneum (1 x 10 dry spores/g)/plant, applied manually in the whorl; 0.05% surfactant in water (BionexTM, Arysta-Lifescience, Saltillo, Mexico) applied directly in the whorl (5 ml/plant); and an absolute check. Correct adult pirate bug numbers per plant in treatments were: at 10 days post-application (p.a.), Metarhizium, 2.07; surfactant, 2.20; check, 1.46. Twenty-one days p.a., mean numbers were 0.58, 0.69, and 0.95 pirate bugs per plant, respectively. The analysis in Rosales-Escobar et al. (2016) detected no statistical differences in mean adult bugs per plant among treatments at 10 and 21 days p.a. Experimental procedures (Rosales-Escobar et al. 2016) were that the field site was at INIFAP, Villa Cuauhtemoc, Tamaulipas (22°21'12.24" N, 101°01'58.77" W). Maize was planted on 2 September 2013. Treatments were applied 21 days after plant emergence (V6 stage). At 10 and 21 days p.a. of treatments, live adult pirate bugs were sampled. Plants (n = 300) were dissected and 749 bugs were collected. Mean bug numbers were compared (paired samples t-test) only within each sampling date (Lowry 2015). Sample comparisons were: Metarhizium vs. surfactant, F = 1.3, p = 0.8512; Metarhizium vs. check, F = 1.6, p = 0.3650; surfactant vs. check, F = 1.23, p = 0.2382. At 21 days p.a: Metarhizium vs. surfactant, F = 4.49, p = 0.7283; Metarhizium vs. check: F = 3.52, p = 0.2095; surfactant vs. check, F = 1.27, p = 0.4962. Degrees of freedom (df) = 18 in all contrasts. Therefore, M. brunneum did not reduce abundance of pirate bugs in maize plants at either sampling date. Field application of M. brunneum strain M11 on maize seemed compatible with Orius populations.


With an aim towards measuring the high-frequency complex conductivity of correlated electron materials in the regime of low temperatures and high magnetic fields, we introduce a method for performing time-domain terahertz spectroscopy directly in the cryogenic bore of existing dc and pulsed-field magnets. Miniature, fiber-coupled THz emitters and receivers are constructed and are demonstrated to work down to 5 K and up to 6 Tesla, for eventual use in higher-field magnets. Maintaining the sub-micron alignment between fiber and antenna during thermal cycling, and obtaining ultrafast (<200fs) optical gating pulses at the end of long optical fibers constitute the major technical challenges of this project. Preliminary data on YBCO superconducting thin films is shown.


12 Hybrid male sterility contributes to speciation by restricting gene flow between related taxa. 13 Detailed cytological characterizations of reproductive organs in hybrid males is important for 14 identifying phenotypes that can help guide searches of speciation genes. To investigate possible 15 cellular causes of hybrid male sterility, we performed crosses between closely related species of 16 the Anopheles gambiae complex: An. merus with An. gambiae or An. coluzzii . We demonstrate 17 that hybrid male sterility in African malaria mosquitoes involves two defects in the reciprocal 18 crosses: a premeiotic arrest of germline stem cells in degenerate testes and a failure of the 19 reductional meiotic division of primary spermatocytes in normal-like testes. The premeiotic 20 arrest in degenerate testes of hybrids is accompanied by a strong suppression of meiotic and 21


A display device includes a touch control display region (4); a display driving module (1) used for sending a display driving signal to a first sub-region (41) in the touch control display region (4) so that the first sub-region (41) is in a display state; a triggering signal generation module (2) used for generating a triggering signal when the display driving module (1) sends the display driving signal to the first sub-region (41) in the touch control display region (4); and a touch control driving signal generation module (3) used for loading touch control driving signals to touch control driving electrodes (7) in the positions of other sub-regions excluding the first sub-region (41) in the touch control display region (4) according to the received triggering signal, so that when the first sub-region (41) is in the display state, the other sub-regions are in a touch control detection state.


4‐Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA) is a phenolic plant compound, which has been shown to influence many cellular mechanisms. In the present study, we analysed in vitro and in vivo the anti‐angiogenic actions of this pleiotropic agent.


BACKGROUND
We previously reported the efficacy of extensive eradication of infectious foci in oral and ENT lesions, combined with tonsillectomy plus methylprednisolone (MP) pulse therapy, for curing pediatric Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and HSP nephritis. In the present study, we used this therapy in patients with pediatric IgA nephropathy (IgAN) to assess whether similar results could be obtained.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
In 11 pediatric patients newly diagnosed with IgAN, exploration for infectious foci showed severe oral infection, including dental caries and apical periodontitis, in many. The overall decayed, missing and filled teeth score was elevated to 5.91. Two patients had rhinosinusitis. After extensive treatment of infectious foci, patients underwent tonsillectomy plus MP pulse therapy with angiotensin II receptor blockade.

RESULTS
Clinical remission was achieved in all patients with pediatric IgAN (various histologic grades). Remission was achieved by 7.2 ± 5.7 months after initiation of steroid therapy, and disappearance of proteinuria by 3.3 ± 3.0 months. The mean duration of oral steroid administration was 9.5 ± 3.6 months. No relapse has occurred during follow-up of 4.3 ± 2.4 y.

CONCLUSIONS
Careful examination and thorough elimination of infectious foci in oral and ENT lesions can optimize the effect of tonsillectomy plus MP pulse therapy, promoting recovery from IgAN.


The non-metallurgical alumina market is diverse and complex and, over the past year, its main sub-sectors have been under pressure from rising costs and hiccups in supply, limiting availability of white fused, alumina hydrate and calcined alumina to the wider market, independent consultant, Ted Dickson, discovers.Although the non-metallurgical alumina industry plays a small part in the overall consumption of alumina, it is a diverse sector with many applications and an approximate total consumption of over 7 million tonnes during 2017 in terms of alumina content. [...]because volumes are much smaller, prices are higher than standard metallurgical grades by $30-40 per tonne. The water treatment chemicals business is mature in developed nations, where modest growth rates are in line with population trends, possibly no more than 1-2%. [...]of the problems in Brazil, Southern Ionics, the largest US importer, was affected as regards its alumina-hydrate-based products.


Preterm Birth is one of the main causes of infant mortality and morbidity worldwide. An estimated 15 million preterm births are birthed each year. Preterm Birth is not a single disease but a complex syndrome. The placenta's production of Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) is one theory for Preterm Birth. The peptide hormone CRH, which levels rise exponentially during pregnancy, has been linked to preterm Birth due to its endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine functions. It has been suggested that CRH functions as a component of the placental clock, with preterm Birth occurring when the placental clock is activated too early. In this review article, we will discuss Preterm Birth and the role of CRH in Preterm Birth.

Keywords: Preterm Birth, Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone (CRH), Placental clock


Abstract Simultaneous de-O-xylylation and reductive coupling was observed when 1 equiv. of the dialdehyde 2a/2b was treated with 5 equiv. of each TiCl4 and Zinc which lead to the development of TiCl4 in dioxane as a new system for the facile deprotection of phenolic ethers 4a–4d, 5a–5d, and 6a–6c.


Modeling systems in present day life give opportunity to find optimum ways of enterprise functioning and changes in set parameters without interference in production processes or before starting the planned production. The article studies imitation modeling use in agricultural machine-building. Brief description of FlexSim software is provided. Functional features of the system of imitation modeling allow users to identify bottlenecks, analyze statistic data, plot diagrams, etc. Imitation models of production processes on assembly line for seed-loaders are described, obtained results are analyzed and bottlenecks of the production line are identified. The authors study possibilities of optimization, which can raise productivity, for example, cutting the number of operators and introducing coordinators. The present research shows the importance of modeling and analyzing production processes in virtual environment in order to plan changes in production. Apart from modeling production processes, FlexSim program can be used for analyzing material, finance, information, staff resources, which affects managerial decision-making and strategy of industrial enterprise development.


The parameter optimization of the RBF nerve network through artifical immune algorithm is proposed,and the weights of RBF network linear output layer is confirmed using least square method.The hybrid train and learn algorithm of two-layer RBF network is built based on artificial immune algorithm.Aimed at the limitation of the detection of radio fuze,the proposed method is used to optimize the orientated detection of radio fuze.In the end,the superiority of the optimization method is given through the computer simulation.


Tilapia lake virus is a globally emerging virus responsible for episodes of mass mortality in cultured and/or feral tilapia (Oreochromis spp. and hybrids) in Asia, Africa, Central America, and South America. Since 2014, there have been global reports of TiLV disease resulting in 10% to 90% mortality in tilapia fry, juveniles, and adults causing significant economic losses. Currently, the disease has been confirmed in Colombia, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico, Philippines, Peru, Tanzania, and Thailand. TiLV has not yet been found in the USA or Canada, but it has most recently been reported in 20 aquaculture production facilities across six Mexican states (Chiapas, Jalisco, Michoacán, Sinaloa, Tabasco and Veracruz). This 7-page fact sheet written by Lowia Al-Hussinee, Kuttichantran Subramaniam, Win Surachetpong, Vsevolod Popov, Kathleen Hartman, Katharine Starzel, Roy Yanong, Craig Watson, Hugh Ferguson, Salvatore Frasca Jr., and Thomas Waltzek and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences describes this important emerging disease and explains how to prevent outbreaks and what to do if you suspect TiLV in an aquaculture facility or in the wild.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fa213


And during this period, hundreds of millions of dollars have been poured into the Islamophobia industry. We are reminded every day of the threat of Islamic terror, portrayed as an evil, monolithic force bent on conquering the world, already established as a fifth column in our own countries, seeking to replace our democracy and rights with the barbaric shariah law. Learning about Islam from the internet has become like learning about love from a porn site. What began as a kind of farce has become a selffulfilling prophecy to some extent. There is now a growing movement of totalitarian Islamism and it is directly the result of our illegal and barbaric interventions, our hatemongering, our disrespect of 1.5 billion people. But this "totalitarian Islam ism" derives its rationale from the Wahhabi sect of Saudi Arabia, which was installed by the British early in the 20th Century, which benefitted from the riches of the kingdom was able to spread its toxic ideology, contradicting and opposed most of traditional Islam, propagandizing through all Sunni Muslim countries, and displacing the spiritually tolerant approach to Islam known as Sufism. Let's be very clear. There are, broadly speaking, two forms of Islam: 1. a nontraditional totalitarian form, a Shia version of which can also be found in Iran, while the Sunni version is sourced in Saudi Arabia, and 2. the traditional Islam which has historically established multireligious, multicultural societies, coexisting side by side with Christianity, Judaism, and Hinduism. It is this second form of Islam which is the greatest defense against the first, except that the West seems to be moving in the direction of further humiliating all Muslims, failing to see that traditional Islam is, generally, an ally in the project of establishing human dignity and social justice. Two cogent examples of the Muslim attempt to extend a hand of friendship to the wider world are A Common Word


The photochemistry of selected N-silylalkyl-substituted phthalimides and maleimides has been investigated with the aim of exploring the generality and preparative consequences of an intriguing solvent effect on excited-state reaction chemoselectivities and quantum efficiencies. An example of this effect is found in the photochemistry of N-[(trimethylsilyl)butyl]phthalimide 10, where irradiation in MeCN leads to production of a mixture of four products that arise by excited-state intramolecular hydrogen-atom abstraction. In contrast, the benzoindolizidine 15 is the sole product produced by a single electron transfer (SET)−desilylation pathway upon irradiation of 10 in 35% H2O−MeCN. Another example of this solvent effect is found in the photochemistry of the N-silylpropyl-maleimide 17. Irradiation in MeCN results in the production of the 2+2-dimer 19 whereas the pyrrolizidine 18 is generated exclusively by irradiation of 17 in 35% H2O−MeCN. The results of fluorescence and triplet sensitization experiments s...


Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is one of the important cash crops in the study region and has a potential for provide source of livelihood as it has adaptability to varied agro-climatic conditions. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Venkataramannagudem (VR Gudem) is working in 25 up land mandals of the west Godavari District including seven tribal mandals to conduct location specific technology demonstrations and trainings for the farming community. During the preliminary visits and survey in tribal villages, it was identified that, cashew as one of the major horticultural crop that provides livelihood to tribal families. But these cashew orchards in tribal villages are neglected, without any management practice. To overcome this situation KVK, VR Gudem conducted two training program meson canopy and seasonal management of cashew orchards and also conducted 200 demonstrations on Integrated Crop Management, including INM practices to improve the soil fertility status. Twenty cashew orchards in Kamaiahkunta cluster were selected for collection of soil samples in grid method and analyzed for both macro and micro nutrients. Based on the soil test results fertilizer application was recommended. Yields in cashew orchards in soils with low nitrogen, medium potash, low available calcium and deficient in zinc could also be managed by application of farm yard manure and micro nutrients along with recommended dose of fertilizers. After KVK intervention the income levels of cashew farmers were tripled with 50% additional increase in cost of cultivation. Further, the cashew farmers in this area are encouraged to register a FPPO with 300 farmers with the collective support of NABARD, ITDA, Department of Horticulture, KVK and NGOs working in the district.


Marriage is generally carried out by adults or already in ideal conditions for marriage, but until now there is still the practice of early marriage that occurs in Jua-Jua Village, Kayuagung District. This study aims to look at the analysis of early marriage in the economic resilience of families in Jua-Jua Village, Kayu Agung District by using a quantitative method approach, data collection techniques using questionnaires and interviews. Respondents in this study were 32 women who married early and one parent whose child married early was carried out by interview. The data analysis technique used is to find the percentage of the respondent's achievement level (TCR). The results showed that the TCR calculation on the indicator of family residence with a value of 80.86 is categorized as good. On the family income indicator with the TCR calculation, the value of 56.72 is categorized as poor, the indicator for children's educational needs with a value of 48.04 is categorized as not good and the indicator for family financial security with a TCR calculation value of 48.63 is categorized as not good. Through the calculation of the respondent's level of achievement, the average value of family economic resilience in early married couples is 58.56. This figure illustrates that the economic resilience of families in early married couples in Jua-Jua Village, Kayu Agung District is not good. Keywords: Early marriage, family economic resilience.


Rationale: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often suffer episodes of exacerbation (ECOPD) that impact negatively the course of their disease. We hypothesized that the comparison of multi-level (i.e., clinical, biological, imaging and microbiological) correlation networks during ECOPD and at clinical recovery can yield useful pathogenic information. Aims: To describe the weight and interactions among the different multi-level network components of ECOPD. Methods: In a multicenter study in Spain, we prospectively measured 67 clinical, biological, imaging and microbiological variables in 76 COPD patients when hospitalized because of ECOPD and during clinical stability, and used multi-level correlation networks to compare both conditions. Results: Main results showed that, compared with clinical stability, during ECOPD there is disruption of co-regulated lung function and systemic inflammation network modules. High circulating neutrophils, serum glucose and CRP (and low levels of blood lymphocytes and eosinophils) are the panel of biomarkers that best describe the ECOPD condition. Differences between sputum inflammation levels at exacerbation and recovery defined three subtypes of ECOPD: (1) without pulmonary inflammation; (2) with higher pulmonary inflammation and infectious markers during ECOPD; and, surprisingly, (3) with increased inflammation and infectious markers at clinical stability. Conclusions: This is the first study that uses multi-level, differential network analysis to investigate the complex relationship between different core components of ECOPD. Results identify network disruption during ECOPD, a panel of biomarkers associated with ECOPD and three different ECOPD subtypes. This abstract has been presented previously at the European Respiratory Society9s Lung Science Conference in March 2016.


Objective:To Explore the application of closed negative pressure drainage in multi-space infection of oral and maxillofacial.Methods:Retrospective analyzed 39 patients with multi-space infection in oral and maxillofacial between January 2010 and January 2012.We performed incision of abscess and closed negative pressure drainage on them and analyzed the clinical effects.Results:All 39 patients in this group were healed following closed negative pressure drainage and effective antibiotic treatment and successfully discharged.Conclusion:The application of closed negative pressure drainage could build excellent drainage with convenient and effective washing operation.It could effectively remove sphacelus in lacuna with negative pressure and had advantages of shortening course of treatment and had no affect on appearance due to hidden incision which deserves to be promoted and applied clinically.


ABSTRACT The effects of pretreatment before microwave vacuum drying (MVD) on texture, color, expansion, rehydration, drying rate, microstructure, sensory evaluation, and other properties of sweet potato were investigated in this study. The pretreatment consisted in five processing conditions, using blanching; osmotic dehydration at 35°Brix of sucrose (OD); ultrasound in distilled water (US); ultrasound in distilled water before osmotic dehydration (US + OD), and ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration (USOD). Pretreatments of sweet potato before MVD have shown success in reducing drying time with US treatment relatively more effective regarding drying time than other treatments. Compared with other treatments, US showed the highest rehydration ratio values. The osmotic group pretreatment exhibited a pronounced effect on water loss and solid gain, improved the color, aroma, and taste of dried sweet potato, whereas sucrose impregnation resulted in a hard texture observed with OD sample. USOD samples had a higher expansion ratio, lower hardness and color difference values, appeared less cell damaged, and recorded better overall quality than the other samples. There was a slight difference between USOD and US + OD samples. Combining osmotic dehydration with ultrasound as a pretreatment can significantly accelerate the heat transfer rate, reducing the dried time accordingly and increasing energy efficiency.


It describes the concrete freeze-thaw damage mechanism and process of freeze-thaw damage;according to the experimental results of concrete freeze-thaw cycle,analyzes concrete compressive strength、splitting tensile strength and flexural strength with the variation of the number of freezing and thawing,and established the concrete flexural strength of the exponential decay law of equation,so it can analyzes the freeze-thaw durability of concrete quantitatively;introduces the concept of freezing factor for further analysis of concrete durability and strength of the rela- tionship;meanwhile puts forward key measures to improve the performance of freeze-thaw resistance of concrete.


Work on a revision of the continental African species of Fernandoa by one of us (Bidgood) has focussed attention again on one of the most celebrated or most infamous of nomenclatural cases concerning orthographic variants. In successfully sorting out the problem of the spelling of the generic name, Milne-Redhead (1948) failed to apply the same logic fully to the specific name. It seems useful to explain the background and review the arguments. Welwitsch collected the plant concerned in Angola in 1855 and, as usual, wrote extensive unpublished Latin notes which are now preserved on his specimen at LISU with copies transcribed exactly onto the duplicate at BM see Britten (1895). The specimen concerned bears no fewer than seven labels all headed No. 488. Three labels bear the name Bignonia ferdinandi with a reference to the valid publication of this name in Welwitsch's Apontamentos in 1859, but another label reads "Habitu et forsan genere valde aff. Stereospermo Cham." and the name "Fernandoa superba Welw.". On one label headed B. ferdinandi Welwitsch wrote "Nomen specificum clariss. Dom Fernando, Lusitanorum regem indigitat", and on another "Nomen specificum praeclar. Senhor Dom Fernando, qui semper itineris mei africani fautor atque protector fuit, indigitat". It is thus clear that he derived both his new generic name and his first specific epiphet from the name of the king of Portugal, also referred to by Heine (1964) as "prince Ferdinand-Auguste-Franqois-Antoine de Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld-Kohary", who had financed his expedition. The use of both the Portuguese spelling "Fernando" and the neo-Latin "Ferdinandus" for the king by Welwitsch, combined with the deliberate or merely careless propagation of variants of his generic name Fernandoa by later botanists, has resulted in publication of the spellings Ferdinandia by Seemann (1865), Ferdinandoa by Seemann (1870), Ferdinanda by Bentham & Hooker (1876, in synon.) and Fernandia by Baillon (1888), as well as the typographical errors Ferninandoa, Ferdinandio and Ferdinandi by Milne-Redhead (1948, in synon.) and Fernandora by Steenis (1976: 135). Welwitsch did not publish his proposed new generic name but Seemann (1865) adopted the name, inadvertently publishing it as Ferdinandia. Sprague (1929: 44) first pointed out that Seemann later (1866) corrected his spelling


The invention discloses a method of gateway communication abnormity self diagnosis in nuclear power plant distributed control system (DCS) and a system. The gateway communication abnormity self diagnosis method comprises steps: the distributed control system acquires detection signals from a third party system; the distributed control system processes the detection signals so as to reduce the fluctuation amplitude of the detection signals; the distributed control system judges whether the gateway is abnormal or not through comparing the processed detection signals with the set value; and the distributed control system gives an alarm when abnormity is judged. When the technical scheme of the invention is implemented, the state of the gateway and the data communication situation can be effectively and continuously monitored, and gateway abnormity can be alarmed at the first time.


Gu and Xu discuss the new role for lysosomal TRPA1 in Ca2+ release in neurons reported by Shang et al.


Due to relatively complex geometry of N219 winglets, CFD simulations have to be conducted to predict the aerodynamic load by the structure in some critical flight conditions. Since the aerodynamic CFD model is not the same as the finite element model of the structure, there is a need to accurately transform the load data between the two models. This paper discusses a simple alternative technique to map pressure distribution from the mesh or face zone of a CFD simulation to an FEM model using a Matlab based in-house code program. The technique focuses on how an FEM shell element has same pressure value with its nearest CFD element. Although the cumulative forces sometimes give different result, the pressure distribution is highly accurate, moreover when the FEM model has smoother elements. Validation has been conducted by comparing with other pressure mapping technique of a commercial software Patran. The results show a good agreement where the present technique provide a more accurate result especially for the critical biggest load among the cumulative forces in the three-dimensional direction. The proposed technique is currently suitable to evaluate loading characteristics of semi monocoque structures. A further treatment of the technique for other types of structure is currently under development.


In allusion to the problem that the existing fruit recognition methods either require large samples or can only identify single feature, the recognition method, based on the grey weighting correlation and fuzzy membership, has been proposed in this paper. This method extracts the color, size and shape features within the region of interest (ROI), for the color feature, according to the grey weighting correlation algorithm, respectively calculates its grey weighing correlation with the reference fruits, and for the size and shape features, according to the fuzzy membership functions of the reference fruits, respectively calculates the degrees of membership with the reference fruits. Finally summing the grey weighting correlation and fuzzy membership degree and averaging them up, extracting its maximum value and comparing it with the recognition threshold to get the recognition results, among which the recognition threshold is given through the experimental statistical analysis. This method effectively avoids affecting the image feature information because of image quality change during the image preprocessing, and it can completely eliminate the influence of background noise, which immensely improves the fruit recognition accuracy.


Objective: To investigate the effect of occlusal trauma on the pulp CGRP-immunoreactice fibres and pulp blood vessels in rat,and observe the relation between pulp nerves and blood vessels.Methods: The morphology of CGRP-immunoreactive fibres and blood vessels in right first mandibular molar pulp tissue of occlusal trauma,inferior alveolar nerve(IAN) resection and control group in rat were compared using HE staining and Immunohistochemical staining.Results: In the group of occlusal trauma from 3 to 30 days,vasodilation in pulp progressively enhanced and the density of CGRP-positive fibres gradually increased in the cell free zone.CGRP-immunoreactive expression enhanced in the capillary area,and CGRP-immunoreactive expression increased in the region of inflammatory infiltration and vasodilation.In occlusal trauma 60-90 days group,because of the degeneration and necrosis of pulpal tissue,CGRP-immunoreactive expression gradually reduced in the cell free zone,but still without recovering to the level of control.Degenerative and necrotic range of pulp expanded,and vasodilative area were observed to shrank relatively.In IAN resection group,at 30 days of occlusal trauma,CGRP-immunoreactive fibres showed hypochromic granule and short filaments in the cell free zone.Vasodilation in pulp was not present.CGRP-immunoreactive fibre in one case bound in pulp chamber and appeared dense tree-like structure;the pulp vasodilation was obvious in relevant area.Conclusions: Occlusal trauma could change the morphology of the nerve and cause the neurogenic inflammation.The change of pulp circulation following occlusal trauma was confirmed to consistent with the distribution and density of nerve fibers,which might be a mechanism of pulposis induced of occlusal trauma.


The article is devoted to a specific phenomenon of the modern Chinese language – classifiers. Chinese classifiers, inscribed on oracle bones, have become a grammatical norm of the modern Chinese language. About 300 classifiers have been identified nowadays.


This guide highlights selective resources available at Marquette University Law Library that LL.M. students may find useful when researching United State law.


For several years now Jewish studies scholars have been displaying growing interest in the various influences modern historiography and other processes of scholarly thinking had on Jewish identity after the period of emancipation. The fact seems to be quite unknown that the process of scholarly thinking, especially in traditional Jewish historiography, corresponded to similar processes in other cultural fields; this had already been demanded in the early 1820s by the Verein fur Cultur und Wissenschaft der Juden , whose members, for the first time in Jewish history, brought together two completely different terms: Judaism and science. This chapter focuses on what Wohlwill called "Literatur uberhaupt" (literature in general), i.e., on the beginnings and the development of the various processes of scholarly thinking in German-Jewish literature (specifically literature written by Jewish authors about Jewish subjects in the German language), and especially on literary texts published in the early nineteenth century. Keywords: early nineteenth century; German-Jewish literature; Jewish historiography; Jewish studies scholars; Judaism; literary texts; scholarly thinking; science


Results on growth, characterization and resonator applications of AIN thin films grown by pulsed dc reactive magnetron sputtering are presented. In order to allow deposition on electrode films, moderate deposition temperatures of 300 to 400 °C were applied. On (001) sapphire, monocrystalline films were obtained. On (111)-textured platinum films, a columnar and (001) textured microstructure was established which exhibited quasi single-crystal properties in relevant materials constants, such as e 33 , e 31 , and c 33 . The films have been successfully applied in bulk wave resonators operating at GHz frequencies, allowing for the derivation of acoustic parameters. A zero thermal frequency drift was obtained with a membrane resonator due to a SiO 2 layer as compensating element.


The classical Gleason-Kahane-oelazko theorem for complex Banach alge- bras was generalized for not necessary linear functionals by Kowalski and Sodkowski. We prove a version of the Kowalski-Sodkowski theorem for real Banach algebras and also for real and complex A-pseudoconvex algebras.


Higher vocational education is an important part of the higher education system in our country.Employment-orientation is a key for higher vocational colleges to provide education to the people's satisfactory.The statistics of the employment rate is still the effectiveness of the representation in higher vocational colleges to complete employment indicator,which reflects teaching achievements and constructions of harmonious society.However,the focus on employment gap still exists some blind spots and errors.Through the analysis of the employment gap,the dissertation attempts to put forward the valid solution for unemployed college graduates,to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of employment,and to substantially enhance the employment rate as well.


Most of hospitals have the CT-Scan installation that uses ionizing radiation. Radiation, furthermore, is the energy emission from one source of energy to its surroundings without help from any medium or conductive material. The harmful radioactive substances from radiation cannot be seen and felt directly, hence having detrimental impact for humans' body if not properly handled. The results of irradiation from CT-Scan are important since they give medical diagnoses in which all of medical actions and treatments are based on, so the optimum benefits and the minimal risks of such installation must be considered when designing its irradiation room. To design, according to architectural science, should involve the aspects of humans, activities, and space. Vitruvius, and then the other experts in architecture, stated that designing space should consider the aspects of sturdiness, safety, comfort, aesthetics, and movement. Designing CT-Scan irradiation room refers to the Minister of Health Regulation No.340 of 2010 and the Chairman of Nuclear Energy Supervisory Agency Regulation No. 8 of 2011. All articles from these regulations, if compared with the aforementioned designing aspects in architectural science, only focus on the aspects of safety and sturdiness. On the other hand, the consideration of the other designing aspects like comfort, beauty, and movement has not been optimally done. This research aims to obtain the optimal dimensions of irradiation room floor plan and layout that is functional and able to eliminate the existing danger. The positivistic method, simulation, and modeling were employed. The data from the measurement of the radiation exposure rates was done in the CT-Scan irradiation room of an accredited Indonesian Public Hospital. The data then were used as the reference for floor plan simulation of the irradiation room based on the previously mentioned government regulati ons and the architectural designing aspects. In conclusion, the design of the CT-Scan irradiation room based on the architectural designing aspects is more optimal than the one according to the government regulations. This research result will be a significant contribution for several fields such as architecture, medical physics, medicine, nursing, and interior design.


Social media are implemented by organisations to enhance productivity and knowledge sharing among employees, but they can also support group deliberation and employee voice. This paper presents a case study of an online deliberation initiative involving the discussion of a contentious internal policy within an organisation of around 550 knowledge workers. The deliberation process lasted 5 weeks and actively involved 167 employees. Different sources of information (user interaction logs, activity patterns, questionnaire responses) were analysed to investigate the impact of participation, or non‐participation, on the level of satisfaction with the deliberation, and on the understanding of the issue discussed. The findings suggest that (1) interest is a driver for participation, but it does not explain active participation, (2) participation, either active or passive, positively influences the understanding of the issue and (3) satisfaction with the outcome is not related to participation, but it may support participation in future initiatives.


Three new diruthenium compounds, Ru2(L1)4Cl (1), Ru2(L2)4Cl (2) and Ru2(ap)4F (3) were synthesized and characterized, where L1, L2, and ap are 2(3-methoxyanilino)pyridinate, 2-(3-propoxyanilino)pyridinate, and 2-anilinopyridinate, respectively. Structural study revealed the Ru–Ru bond lengths of 2.2816(7) Å (1) and 2.2785(6) Å (3). All three compounds are S 1⁄4 3=2 molecules. Each of three diruthenium compounds displays two reversible one electron couples, an oxidation and a reduction, and the potential data appear to indicate that the axial fluoro ligand is a much stronger donor than the chloro ligand.


The aim of this thesis was to identify novel techniques in the assessment of nutritional intervention effects upon cognition. The impact of combining different cognitive and physiological assessments of nutritional interventions was explored in order to establish whether it could provide a more detailed picture of any effects, as well as the mechanisms by which they may occur.

This thesis initially used two different technologies, electroencephalography (EEG) and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess the cerebro-electrical and haemodynamic impact of cognitive task performance following Ginkgo biloba and a Ginkgo biloba/Panax ginseng combination, in healthy young adults. Following on from this, the effects of two different doses of Ginkgo biloba were investigated on cerebral blood flow and oxygenation parameters during the repeated administration of cognitively demanding tasks. The synergistic effect of two interventions believed to possess disparate effects on cerebral blood flow; caffeine and L-theanine, were then assessed during the performance of a range of cognitive tasks. To evaluate the peripheral as well as the central impact of task performance, a further assessment of (two doses) caffeine was conducted whilst cerebral blood flow and oxygenation parameters were monitored alongside an assessment of metabolism via indirect calorimetry (ICa). In an extension of the methodology, an exercise element was incorporated into the protocol and beetroot juice was administered whilst cerebral blood flow and haemodynamics were monitored during task performance, before, during and after cycling at different exercise intensities.

The results of this thesis have identified that the methodologies adopted are capable of detecting changes in cerebral oxygenation as a result of, nutritional challenge; differing doses of the same intervention; the synergistic effect of two different interventions, and during incremental exercise whilst performing cognitive tasks. The concomitant measurement of NIRS and ICa were also shown to be effective in simultaneously determining the somatic and cognitive demands of a task. These findings demonstrate the positive contribution to research of combining technologies and methodologies in the assessment of nutritional interventions and provide valuable information in respect of their use in cognitive research.


In many languages, voiced segments that occur in syllable codas are systematically devoiced. This article examines coda devoicing in an idiolect of a Central Minnesota speaker of American English. The consonants under investigation are voiced fricatives, voiced stops, and the voiced affricate /dʒ/. The 40/60 threshold proposed by Gradoville (2011) is used as the limen to discriminate between voiced and devoiced consonants in syllable codas. 1.0 Introduction The main purpose of this paper is to investigate and describe devoicing in my idiolect. Before that, we will first take a quick look at two IPA transcriptions of a slightly modified version of the well-known Speech Accent Archive passage (Weinberger, 2015). The first is a purely impressionistic transcription, while the second is a modified transcription after several acoustic measurements. All spectrograms and measurements were collected by using Praat (Boersma & Weenink, 2016). 1.1 Impressionistic Transcription At the beginning of Dr. Koffi's phonetics course, students were asked to record themselves reading a slightly modified version of the Speech Accent text. Please call Stella. Ask her to bring these things with her from the store: Six good spoons of fresh snow peas, five thick slabs of blue cheese, and maybe a foot long sandwich as a snack for her brother Bob. We also need a small plastic snake, a yellow book, a rubber duck, a paper I-pad, the dog video game, a big toy frog for the kids, but not the faked gun. She can scoop these things into three red bags, and two old backpacks, and we will go meet her, Jake, and Jenny Wednesday at the very last train station at the edge of the zoo near York's Treasure Bank. After the lectures on how to use the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcription, the students were asked to transcribe their speech based on their recordings. The following is my transcription: [phliːz kal stɛlə. æsk hɚ thɪ bɹɪŋ̃ ðiz θɪŋ̃s wɪθ hɚ fɹãm ðə stoɹ. sɪks gʊd sphũnz ʌv fɹɛʃ sno piːz, faɪv θɪk slæbz ʌv blu tʃiːz, ɛñ mebi a fʊt̚ lãŋ sæ̃nwɪtʃ æz a snæk̚ foɹ hɚ bhɹʌðɚ bhabh. wi ʌlso niːd a smaɬ plæstɪk snek, a jɛlo bhʊkh, a ɹʌbɚ dʌkh, a phephɚ aɪ phæd, ðə dag vɪdio gẽm, a bɪg thɔɪ fɹag foɹ ðə kɪdz, bʌt̚ nɑth ðə fekt gʌ̃n. ʃi kæ̃n skuph ðiz θɪŋ̃z ɪñtə θɹi ɹɛd begz, ɛñ tu ol bæk̚pæks, ɛñ wi wɪl go mit hɚ, dʒek, ɛñ dʒɛni wɛñzde æt̚ ðə veɹi læs tɹẽn steʃə̃n æt̚ ði ɛdʒ ʌv ðə zu, niɹ joɹks tʃɹɛzɚ bẽnk.] 1 The "Is" and "Mys" in the paper refer to the first author. He provided the data and the preliminary analysis for this paper. The second author has complemented the first author's initial analysis and interpreted his measurements in order to turn his findings into a suitable acoustic phonetic paper. 1 Hennen and Koffi: The Acoustics of Coda Devoicing in a Central Minnesota English Id Published by theRepository at St. Cloud State, 2017 Linguistic Portfolios–ISSN 2472-5102 –Volume 6, 2017 | 73 1.2 Acoustically Informed Transcription Students were asked to revise their initial impressionistic transcription every time a group of segments were analyzed acoustically. This exercise gave us an appreciation of the enormous differences that exist between impressionistic transcriptions and an acoustically informed transcription. These differences are reflected in the transcription below: [phliːs khɑl stɛˈlə. ʔæsk hɚ tə bɹɪŋ̃ ðis θɪŋ̃s wɪθ hɚ fɹɑ̃m ðə stoɹ. sɪks gʊd spũns ʌv fɹɛʃ no phiːs, fɑɪv̥ θɪk slæps ʌv blu tʃiːs, ʔɛñ meˈbi ʔɑ fʊʔ lɑ̃ŋ sæ̃ˈnwɪtʃ ʔæz ʔɑ snæk̚ fɔɹ hɚ bɹʌˈðɚ bɑb. wi ʔɑˈlso niːd ʔɑ smɑl phlæˈstɪk snek, ʔɑ jɛloˈ bʊk, ʔɑ ɹʌˈbɚ dʌk, ʔɑ phepɚˈ ʔɑɪˈphæd̥, ðə dɑg v̥ɪˈdio gẽm, ʔɑ bɪg thɔɪ fɹɑg fɔɹ ðə khɪd̥s, bʌt̚ nɑt ðə fekt gʌ̃n. ʃi khæ̃n skup ðis θɪŋ̃s ɪñtə θɹi ɹɛd beg̥s, ʔɛñ thu ʔol bæˈkʔphæks, ʔɛñ wi wɪl go mit hɚ, dʒek, ʔɛñ dʒɛni wɛ̃̍ nz̥de æt̚ ðə v̥eɹi læs thɹẽn steˈʃə̃n æt̚ ði ʔɛdʒ̥ ʌv ðə zu, niɹ joɹks tʃɹɛzɚ bẽnk.] At the end of the semester, students are asked to focus on one acoustic phonetic feature that is of interest to them and write their paper on it. Several topics were of interest to me, but given the course requirement, I was forced to choose one topic. Three features of my speech caught my attention: the devoicing of the initial [v] in <very> [veɹi] and <video> [vɪdio]. I also noticed that I produced a lot of vowel initial glottalization. However, I made up my mind to write about coda devoicing in the following words: <things>, [θɪŋ̃s] <spoons> [spũns], <Wednesday> [wɛ̃ˈnz̥de], <slabs> [slæps], <kids> [khɪd̥s], <bags> [beg̥s], <please> [phliːs], <these> [ðis], <peas> [phiːs], <cheese> [tʃiːs], <edge> [ʔɛdʒ̥], <five>, [fɑɪv̥], and <i-pad> [ʔɑɪˈphæd̥]. We can see from the acoustically informed transcription that coda devoicing occurs frequently in my idiolect. As such, this paper will focus on my findings regarding devoicing of both single segments in codas as well as two segment coda clusters. This will be done by investigating several different types of coda clusters. Segments such as fricatives that are normally devoiced in English will not be described in detail. Yet, I give them some attention because I devoice them rather systematically. Not once did I not devoice them. This is a surprising feature of my speech that I did not notice before. The bulk of the paper focuses on how I devoice some stops and not others. 1.3 A Brief Review of the Literature on Coda Devoicing When binary features are used, segments are perceived either as voiced or devoiced. However, the reality is more complicated than this. Between these two polar opposites, there are varying degrees of voicing and devoicing. Smith (1997) has done one of the most sophisticated studies of the devoicing of the sibilant fricative /z/ in American English. She combined airflow measurements and electroglottographic (EGG) data to pinpoint various degrees of devoicing. The following degrees of voicing and devoicing are noted on pages 478: 1. Segments are fully voiced if 90 to 100% of their duration is voiced 2. Segments are partially voiced if 25 to 90% of their duration is voiced 3. Segments are devoiced if 0 to 25% of their duration is voiced Smith's system is rather cumbersome, especially her distinction between "partially voiced" and "devoiced" categories. She says so herself on page 479, "There was not a clear boundary 2 Smith (1997) does not distinguish between voiceless and devoiced fricatives. However, it can be assumed that segments in which voicing is 0 to less than 10% of are voiceless, especially if they occur in postvocalic positions. 2 Linguistic Portfolios, Vol. 6 [2017], Art. 7 http://repository.stcloudstate.edu/stcloud_ling/vol6/iss1/7 Linguistic Portfolios–ISSN 2472-5102 –Volume 6, 2017 | 74 between devoiced and partially voiced categories for any speaker group, but that the 0-25% division grouped together most of the tokens with less voicing." We will leave Smith's categories aside and turn to Gradoville's (2011:68) simpler yet efficient limen for differentiating between voiced and devoiced segments. We refer to it simply as the 40/60 Threshold. He explains it as follows: Tokens with as little as 40% voicing (60% voiceless) are perceived as voiced. A token ... does not even have to be mostly voiced for it to be perceived as voiced by the participants. In his concluding remarks, he makes the following statement on page 71: According to the present analysis Praat's internal pulse-based voice report and the lowfrequency-to-total intensities ratio provide the best match for what can be observed in the spectrogram and auditorily. The voice report most closely matches what the linguistically-trained participants perceived, but it makes no distinction regarding the intensity of voicing at any point in time. Since the voice report in Praat "most closely matches what linguistically-trained participants perceived," we will use it to calculate the amount of devoicing in the first author's pronunciation. Praat offers a very easy way to calculate voicing ratio. To do so, one selects the <Pulse> tab, then one goes to <Voice report>, and then <Voicing>. Praat calculates automatically the amount of voicing in any selected segment. This is the method used to calculate all voicing percentages in the codas reported in Tables 1 and 2 in this paper. 1.4 The Devoicing of Fricatives The 40/60 Threshold is used to determine whether or not I devoice the fricatives that occur in syllable codas when I speak. To find out I measured the fricatives in the following words: <please, these, these, spoons, Wednesday, five, edge>, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. 3 Hennen and Koffi: The Acoustics of Coda Devoicing in a Central Minnesota English Id Published by theRepository at St. Cloud State, 2017 Linguistic Portfolios–ISSN 2472-5102 –Volume 6, 2017 | 75 Figure 1: Devoicing of [z] and [ð] Figure 2: Devoicing of [nz] Coda Clusters 4 Linguistic Portfolios, Vol. 6 [2017], Art. 7 http://repository.stcloudstate.edu/stcloud_ling/vol6/iss1/7 Linguistic Portfolios–ISSN 2472-5102 –Volume 6, 2017 | 76 Figure 3: Devoicing of [v] and [dʒ] The relevant measurements are summarized in Table 1: Words please these these spoons Wednesday five edge Segment /z/ /z/ /z/ /z/ /z/ /v/ /dʒ/ %voicing 0% 8% 0% 0% 8% 17% 37% %devoicing 100% 92% 100% 100% 92% 83% 63% Duration 82 ms 133 ms 167 ms 95 ms 127 ms 119 ms 116 ms Table 1: Fricative Coda Devoicing Measurements Voiced fricatives were, without exception, devoiced in codas, regardless of the segments preceding them. This devoicing was heavy, as shown by some examples. The segment [z] lost all voicing to become [s] with 0% voicing in all cases except two. Only in one instance of <these> and in <Wednesday> did the normally expected [z] retain any voicing at all, but even in these instances they had only 8% of their voicing left and became [z̥]. This devoicing occurred regardless if the segment occurred by itself in the coda or as part of a cluster. When in a cluster after a nasal segment, the nasal was voiced, but the fricative was unvoiced. We see this


In the wake of scandals at companies like Enron and Worldcom, the U.S. authorities sought to restore confidence in the financial statements of U.S. public companies. The U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) and related U.S. rules now require U.S. companies to adopt codes of ethical conduct. SOX also demands that companies have control systems in place and establish procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding possible misconduct. In order to comply with these requirements U.S. companies are implementing whistle-blowing systems, in most cases as anonymous telephone hotlines. Two recent decisions by CNIL (Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertes) in France and the Wuppertal Labour Court in Germany have held such hotlines as unlawful under certain circumstances and are causing concern for many multinational public companies and IT (Information Technology) providers who offer whistle-blowing solutions. This article analyses the current legal status in Germany, France and the UK and tries to offer interim guidance on steps companies may wish to consider to minimise the risks in E.U. countries while still complying with SOX.


The author addresses the issue of directors' duties in the context of sustainable corporate governance. The Proposal for a Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence provides for an extension of the duties of the director, which implies that the director takes into account sustainability issues, including human rights, climate change and environmental impacts. In this way, the director's duty of care would be harmonised at EU level, which has not been the case so far due to the existence of different concepts of the director's duty and the company's interest in the member states. The Proposal was preceded by a Study on Directors' Duties and Sustainable Corporate Governance. The Study was heavily criticised. The Study proposes a reform of directors' duties which, if adopted in its current form, could have far-reaching consequences for corporate governance. The paper also looks at the possible consequences of a change in the director's duty of care in the way provided for in the Proposal for a Corporate sustainability due diligence directive. Finally, the paper considers whether it is appropriate to harmonise directors' duties at EU level.


The influence of different silica fume content on the slump, expansion, compressive strength and flexural strength of high-performance concrete was studied. The results show that with the increase of silica fume content, the slump, expansion, compressive strength, and flexural strength of high-performance concrete show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The optimal silica fume content of HPC(Highperformance concrete) is 3% to 6%.


Four new complexes, namely, Cu2(O-cpia)(btb)0.5·(OH) (1), Cu3(O-cpia)2(bpy)2 (2), [Ni2(O-cpia)(phen)·(OH)·H2O]·2H2O (3) and [Ni3(O-cpia)2(bpy)3·2H2O]·2H2O (4) (O-cpia = 5-(2-carboxyphenoxy)isophthalic acid, btb = 1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butane, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine) were successfully isolated under hydrothermal conditions. The four complexes exhibit different architectures constructed from different homometallic clusters varying from mononuclear, binuclear to tetranuclear metal(ii) polyhedra as Second Building Blocks (SBUs). 1 features a 3D framework constructed from the tetranuclear clusters [Cu4(μ3-OH)2] as SBUs, linked with Cu(1)O4N and Cu(2)O5 polyhedra by O-cpia/btb mixed linkers. 2 also exhibits a 3D structure based on trinuclear clusters [Cu3(COO)4] SBUs, bridged with Cu(1)O3N2 and Cu(2)O4 polyhedra via O-cpia/bpy mixed ligands. 3 shows a 2D network consisting of tetranuclear clusters [Ni4(μ3-OH)2] SBUs, which are bridged with Ni(1)O4N2 and Ni(2)O6 through O-cpia ligands. It is worth noting that 4, with a 3D structure, is generated from the binuclear clusters [Ni2(COO)4] (Ni(1)O4N) and mononuclear metal Ni(2) cores (Ni(2)O4N2) as SBUs, and bridged by O-cpia/bpy mixed ligands. Meanwhile, the degradation of dyes (RhB) by the complexes under visible light irradiation was studied. 1–4 are semiconducting in nature, with Eg of 1.30 eV (1), 1.78 eV (2), 2.85 eV (3) and 2.14 eV (4). Cu(ii) complexes 1 and 2 are highly efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of RhB under visible light irradiation.


Supervised and semi-supervised semantic segmentation algorithms require significant amount of annotated data to achieve a good performance. In many situations, the data is either not available or the annotation is expensive. The objective of this work is to show that by incorporating domain knowledge along with deep learning architectures, we can achieve similar performance with less data. We have used publicly available crack segmentation datasets and shown that selecting the input images using knowledge can significantly boost the performance of deep-learning based architectures. Our proposed approaches have many fold advantages such as low annotation and training cost, and less energy consumption. We have measured the performance of our algorithm quantitatively in terms of mean intersection over union (mIoU) and F score. Our algorithms, developed with 23% of the overall data; have a similar performance on the test data and significantly better performance on multiple blind datasets.


The unsealing fire zone is very particular of the in the high-gas outburst mine. By analyzing the limitation of the ventilation unsealing method and the reduced ventilation unsealing method during unsealing fire area in the high-gas outburst mine, it is proposed to use the gas drainage system to unseal. It also is proposed to strengthen gas index analysis in the closed deep fire zone in order to improve the verdict accuracy of fire extinguish judgment. And it can speed up the safety process of high concentration gas in the unsealed area. By adjustment the ventilation system, mine rescue team in the process of unsealing the fire area is always in the fresh air space, which avoid the vicious incidents of gas explosion during the wind tunnel closed wall unsealing in order to protect the personal safety of the team members.


Current and future challenges are in need of an effective human rights response. In ensuring this, the question can be asked whether there is such a thing as human rights overreach, and if so, what must be done about it. This contribution deals with this question by, first, outlining various forms of human rights proliferation. For example, proliferation can take the shape of expanding the scope of rights or inventing new human rights. It then illuminates several lines of criticism that can be found in the literature. These concern issues of legalisation and of judicialisation, as well as the indeterminacy of rights. The articles that together form this Special Issue deal with aspects of proliferation and (potential) overreach from different and original angles. After introducing these, it is concluded that the overreach question is even more complex than it seems and requires careful consideration if we want to make human rights more effective and more resilient.


Currently used threshold audiograms fail to detect the early stages of noise-induced hearing impairment. Threshold shifts may reach 10 to 15 dB before the impairment is detected. Loudness difference limen and critical band phenomena should provide an earlier and more sensitive test for such hearing impairment.


The authors analyzed the surgical treatment of 165 patients with posttraumatic kyphosis thoraco-lumbar and lumbar spine. Depending on the severity of kyphosis, its rigidity and deadlines since injury were identified 4 groups of patients that required surgical correction of various techniques, mobilization and instrumental fixation of the spine. The analysis of the pathological factors determining the effectiveness of surgical correction of kyphotic deformity of this category and practical recommendations is presented. Full compensation of small size (up to 10 degrees) rigid posttraumatic kyphosis can be achieved through the posterior mobilization and instrumental fixation of the spine. At high (more than 10 degrees) and not rigid kyphosis is advisable to perform anterior mobilization of the spine in combination with anterior or posterior fixation. For the correction of rigid posttraumatic kyphotic deformities, especially in chronic cases, complete surgical correction is possible using adequate circular (anterior and posterior) mobilization of the spine with the reconstruction the anterior column.


This paper was presented at session 16 - instrumentation for detection and data acquisition. The Road Safety and Traffic Authority of the state of Victoria has embarked on an evaluation program to establish the effectiveness of various driver training procedures. In part, this involves determining the driving dexterity of various pupils. In order to achieve such an assessment a vehicle has been instrumented such that the driver's interaction with it can be measured and recorded for subsequent analysis and classification by computer. This paper describes the instrumentation and the data acquisition system complemented by examples of measurements taken during task-directed driving over a specially prepared route. (TRRL)


The Problem Based Learning (PBL) method was implemented for the hands-on learning of photovoltaic (PV) and electronics at the 'General Electronics' undergraduate core course within the BEng in Telecommunication Technologies and the BEng in Telematics. It consisted in the design of a racing circuit for miniature photovoltaic toy cars intended for kids. The students worked in groups of two and they had to build a racing circuit with low cost materials, including a minimum of two PV cars racing, traffic lights, a gate and a winning-car light signal, all solarpowered at 12 V. After manufacturing and testing, the projects were finally presented at a practical demonstration. This article presents the positive results of this experience.


According to a study of nearly 2 000 asthmatic patients, influenza immunisation induces no serious short-term effects on respiratory function when the asthma is stable at the time of vaccination


Urologic and gynecologic issues are common in a pediatric primary care office. This article focuses on the evaluation and management of a few common diagnoses in infants and young children: fetal hydronephrosis, labial adhesions, physiologic phimosis, and hydrocele. This article can help pediatricians decide when these common issues can be managed in the primary care office and when they need subspecialty guidance. [Pediatr Ann. 2017;46(11):e397-e399.].


The present invention discloses a control apparatus body identification based on depth detection, comprising an ultrasonic sensing module, and a module depth image data control module. The ultrasonic transducer means for transmitting the beam to limit the scope of certain coded narrow beam ultrasonic sound waves and receiving reflected object by receiving transducers; depth depth image reconstruction module comprises means for receiving from the ultrasonic receiving transducer is transmitted data, and generating the depth image; data control module includes a target identification means, the target positioning unit, the data conversion unit and data transmission unit, for entering the beam range of a target body part or body to identify positioning, and converts the data transmission to be identified to the respective devices. It can be applied to multimedia devices and gaming equipment in the field.


The idea of this research is explore a nature and type of relationship between financial performance dimension of the environmental performance has composed a sample of 23 industrial company for the period from 2011-2015. The felt researcher building a mathematical model through multiple regression to test relationships between variables equation has been used a number of occasion such as the relationship of statistical methods linear and equal covariance and testing (DW) The hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis. Search has reached a number of conclusions highlighted by the presence of a positive statistically significant differences between the financial performance and environmental performance correlation, andallowing the possibility of employing this relationship for the development of the financial performance of companies and increasing the market valuewould lead to maximizing the wealth of the owners of industrial companies research sample has recommended search the need for continuous improvement of environmental performance in the companies by investing in the environmental field and to raise awareness among workers and address the negative effects on the environment resulting from the exercise of the company's environmental activities.


In mainstream economics, the sight is restricted to forms of financial bubbles. In Concordian economics, rather than the behavior of the financial markets. instead, a bubble is defined as a separation of monetary values from values of real wealth. Hence, the concern is with the behavior of the entire economic system. Once defined, Concordian economics allows us to measure the bubble. To obtain this result, Concordian economics overcomes one of the major hurdles in economics, that is the measurement of real wealth as an entity separate and distinct from monetary wealth.


The utility model relates to a wind-conveying simulated-form orchard spraying machine, which comprises a traction rack, an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder, a width adjustment hydraulic cylinder, a height adjustment hydraulic cylinder, etc. The wind-conveying simulated-form orchard spraying machine is characterized in that a vertical moving rod is installed in a slide groove of a vertical guide rail, a width adjustment rod is installed in a horizontal slide grove of the vertical moving rod, a vertical rod is fixed on the vertical moving rod, a middle rod is hinged to the vertical rod by a connecting rod, an end rod is welded to the middle rod, the included angle between the end rod and the middle rod is less than 180 DEG, a fan is installed on the vertical rod, the middle rod and the end rod, one end of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the middle rod by a hydraulic cylinder, one end is connected to the vertical moving rod, one end of the width adjustment hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the vertical moving rod, one end is connected to the width adjustment rod, the vertical guide rail is welded to the traction rack, one end of the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the traction rack, and one end is connected to the vertical moving rod. The device has stable working quality, relatively high working efficiency and relatively strong application prospect.


With the continued scaling to emerging technology nodes, modern circuit designs in nanometer era introduce many strict or even unprecedented design constraints and challenges. On one hand, conventional 193i wavelength lithography has pushed to its resolution limit, and the gap between manufacturing capability and design expectation becomes more critical. On the other hand, new metal layer (e.g. middle-of-line layers) as well as new device layer rules become more complex and restricted. We argue that detailed placement is the appropriate stage to consider the emerging manufacturing and design rule constraints. In this paper, we discuss sophisticated design constraints and challenges in emerging technology nodes, and survey the state-of-the-art detailed placement solutions and methodologies to overcome these challenges.


Printed electronics allow for ultra-low-cost circuit fabrication with unique properties such as flexibility, non-toxicity, and stretchability. Because of these advanced properties, there is a growing interest in adapting printed electronics for emerging areas such as fast-moving consumer goods and wearable technologies. In such domains, analog signal processing in or near the sensor is favorable. Printed neuromorphic circuits have been recently proposed as a solution to perform such analog processing natively. Additionally, their learning-based design process allows high efficiency of their optimization and enables them to mitigate the high process variations associated with low-cost printed processes. In this work, we address the aging of the printed components. This effect can significantly degrade the accuracy of printed neuromorphic circuits over time. For this, we develop a stochastic aging-model to describe the behavior of aged printed resistors and modify the training objective by considering the expected loss over the lifetime of the device. This approach ensures to provide acceptable accuracy over the device lifetime. Our experiments show that an overall 35.8% improvement in terms of expected accuracy over the device lifetime can be achieved using the proposed learning approach.


The new reinforcement material, Hybrid Composite (HC), is new innovative material and made of carbon fiber or other fibers in the form of tubular weave or braid. HC tubes has been used in column and pier to restrict the lateral expansion of concrete to improve the compression performance, while protecting the column as well. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of HC reinforced concrete short columns under axial and eccentric compression loading is analyzed. By testing the model and analysis the result using finite element software ABAQUS, the displacement, and load capacity of all specimens are collected and analyzed in terms of the number of HC layers and eccentricity ratios. The results show that the ultimate load capacity of columns increases with the number of HC layers under axial compression, and the ductility of the reinforced columns was significantly improved by HC reinforcement, compared with plain concrete columns.


To boosting the performance of inverted p-i-n-type planar hetero-junction architecture photovoltaic cells based on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite materials, a thin buffer layer Bathocuproine (BCP) is introduced between the Electron Transporting Layer (ETL) PCBM and the metal contact. The trends in parameters Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) inserting BCP is studied using solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D). The obtained results of optimizing the thickness of the Bathocuproine (BCP) buffer layer exhibited optimum value at 5 nm, with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.30 %, VOC of 1.39 V, and FF of 62.89 %. The carrier concentration was higher than 1017 cm-3 increases sharply the conversion efficiency by about 0.35-2.3 %. Further, the lower metal work function (Фm<4.3 eV) enhances the electrical parameters where the efficiency up to 21.3 %.
Keywords: Solar cell, Perovskite, CH3NH3PbI3, BCP, SCAPS, Metal Work Function.


I2P is an anonymous P2P distributed communication layer used to send messages to each other anonymously and safely. It is built on top of the internet and can be considered as an internet within the internet. Even though I2P is developed with an intention to create censorship resistant environment for the free flow of information, it is misused for illegal activities now a days. The possible misuses are less known among law enforcement agencies and existing industry approved software programs have no detection functionality for I2P. Because of the increased use of I2P in criminal purposes, there is a need for methods and tools to acquire and analyze digital evidence related to I2P. We conducted a detailed live memory dump analysis in order to find out the I2P related artifacts from a host machine. Furthermore, we propose a tool that will analyze the memory dump and system local files to find out the I2P related artifacts and provide a detailed report to the investigator.


A rapid and reliable screening test for S hemoglobin (Sickledex) employed on all Negro patients admitted to a community hospital over an 18-month period showed an overall incidence of S hemoglobin of 6.2%. Prompt notification of positive results to the physician apparently has resulted in better prevention and control of complications of S hemoglobinopathy, especially in surgical patients with sickle cell trait (hemoglobin AS). A wallet identification card has been developed to alert both patient and physician to the possibility of unexpected complications in emergency situations.


Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-glycating effects, with preliminary evidence suggesting it may improve important chronic disease risk factors in adults with cardiometabolic conditions. In this randomized controlled trial, 43 adults (30%F) living with prediabetes or T2DM consumed carnosine (2 grams) or a matching placebo daily for 14 weeks to evaluate its effect on glucose metabolism assessed via 2 hr, 75g oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes included body composition analysis by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), calf muscle density by pQCT and anthropometry. Carnosine supplementation decreased blood glucose at 90 minutes (-1.31mmol/L; p=0.02) and 120 minutes (-1.60mmol/L, p=0.02) and total glucose area under the curve (-3.30mmol/L; p=0.04) following an oral glucose tolerance test. There were no additional changes in secondary outcomes. The carnosine group results remained significant before and after adjustment for age, sex, and change in weight (all>0.05), and in further sensitivity analyses accounting for missing data. There were no significant changes in insulin levels. Likely mechanisms may include changes to hepatic glucose output explaining the observed reduction in blood glucose without changes in insulin secretion following carnosine supplementation. This study provides preliminary support for larger trials evaluating carnosine as a potential treatment for prediabetes and the early stages of T2DM.


The concept of airport customer service has changed since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Although ensuring safety and security is now the major focus for airport operators, it is more important than ever to focus on providing quality products and services to address revenue shortages caused by reduced passenger loads. This article calls for a broad rethinking of airport customer service in order to motivate more people to use airport facilities, even when they are not traveling. This new philosophy of customer service will require vision, partnering of all vested in the airport community, employee involvement and looking for ideas outside the airport industry.


A356 hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloys matrix composites reinforced by different contents of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated using a combination of rheocasting and squeeze casting techniques. A novel approach by adding MWCNTs into A356 aluminum alloy matrix with CNTs has been performed. This method is significant in debundling and preventing flotation of the CNTs within the molten alloy. The microstructures of nanocomposites and the interface between the aluminum alloy matrix and the MWCNTs were examined by using an optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). This method remarkably facilitated a uniform dispersion of nanotubes within A356 aluminum alloy matrix as well as a refinement of grain size. In addition, the effects of weight fraction (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 wt%) of the CNT-blended matrix on mechanical properties were evaluated. The results have indicated that a significant improvement in ultimate tensile strength and elongation percentage of nanocomposite occurred at the optimal amount of 1.5 wt% MWCNTs which represents an increase in their values by a ratio of about 50% and 280%, respectively, compared to their corresponding values of monolithic alloy. Hardness of the samples was also significantly increased by the addition of CNTs.


A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2011-2012 at Forage Management and Research Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal to study the "Effect of date of sowing and crop geometry on seed yield and quality of forage mustard (var. Chinese cabbage)". The soil texture of the experimental site was clay loam with available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were 212, 20 and 256 kg/ha, respectively. There were 24 treatment combinations consisting of four dates of sowing (1 st October, 16 th


SEM photographs can show three dimensional objects with high definition . But some defects are often shown in the photographs because oftechnology on something else . Then,it′s necessary to draw biologicalpicturesin orderto show the originalappearance ofthe objectandre duce the defects.The present paper gives some introduction of biological drawing about showing technology,the way of dealing with drawing and the steps of drawing .


Part I of this three-part series presented a heat transfer rolling-element bearing model. The model is composed of solid conduction partial differential equations (PDEs), control volume formulation for lubricant temperatures, and heat partitioning. The model applies to systems with a shaft, housing, numerous bearings, gears, and various methods of lubrication. Part II, this work, presents a solution to the thermal conduction equations. The raceways are three-dimensional (3D), the shaft and housing models are two-dimensional (2D) and lumped in the third direction. This generalized method applies to ball, cylindrical, spherical, and tapered rolling-element bearings. Semi-analytic solutions are obtained by imposing integral transforms. This approach accounts for the axial and circumferential variations in the bearing load zone and rib heating, as well as the ability to link many bearings and gears within an assembly. The housing and shaft equations are radially lumped. The lumped fluxes account for internal and external convection and radiation, as well as conduction fluxes from contiguous bearings and gears. These equations are solved using a Fourier transform. The 3D bearing raceway solution uses a Fourier transform and a modified Hankel transform. Part III of this series presents additional results and experimental validation.


Proponents of the "Tunisia change" toward structural unemployment of young graduates highlight the "change's era" as a unique innovative solution. In this publicity process, the Democratic Constitutional Rally (RCD) partystate plays a major communicative role. It acts indeed the same way as a huge communication agency. The party, internally, will have the responsibility to promote the presidential actions on the ground. Externally, in a gradually globalized world market where suitcaseconcepts such as "good" or "new governance", "democratic transition", "sustainable development" and "information society" are plentiful, the RCD's role is therefore to be a catch-all rhetoric.


The utility model relates to an intelligent monitor for class room illuminance, which controls the electric light by the light on the ground of the request of the illuminance. Three electrodes of a bidirectional controlled silicon are arranged on a circuit board in a plastic box. The control electrode is welded with one end of a bidirectional trigger diode. The other electrode is welded with ends of a transformer input coil and a fixed resistance. The third electrode is welded with the ends of two photoconductive resistances, a fixed capacitor, an electric light connection wire and a 220V power supply wire. The other ends of the bidirectional trigger diode and the fixed capacitor are welded with one end of a variable resistance. The other ends of the fixed resistance, the variable resistance, the photoconductive resistances RG1 and RG2, the electric light connection wire, the 220V power supply wire and the transformer input coil are respectively welded with contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of a relay. The regulated power supply of the relay operation is composed of a rectifying tube, the transformer and an electrolytic capacitor. The circuit is provided with the two photoconductive resistances which have different parameters and can be adjusted by accepting the quantity of light. The two photoconductive resistances respectively monitor the illuminance of the electric light opened and closed, eliminates the interference of the light against the light controlling and automatically open or close the electric light on the ground of the set illuninance.


The most important features of vocal tract have been presented. The proposed model of the tract permits to obtain vocal tract transmittances and power spectrum of phonemes. The model can be also helpful for a voice synthesizer


Changes in the current corporate environment have been drastic due to the quick growth and acceptance of globalization and the massive progress in information technology. This study examines accounting system challenges and its impact on global environment of modern business. Key concepts such as accounting, accounting system, global environment and modern business were clarified. Challenges Associated with Accounting System and its impact on global business environment was discussed extensively. Finally, the study gave a vivid presentation of the future of accounting systems in Global Environment of Modern Business. It was recommended among others that corporations, governments, and civil society must work together to strengthen the global economy.


Response:

We appreciate Dr Krischek and Kasuya's thoughtful comments regarding our recent article "Genomics of Human Intracranial Aneurysm Wall" published in Stroke .1 Our 2 study centers independently showed the potential critical role of the inflammatory and immune response pathways in aneurysm pathobiology.1,2 We congratulate the authors on their work and innovative approach.

We agree that using the superficial temporal artery has limitations, but it is likely the best current option. Other …


The book presents some arguments why a political anthropological perspective can be particularly helpful to understand the connected political and cultural challenges and opportunities posed by the situation of ethnic and religious minorities. The first chapter shortly introduces the major anthropological concepts used, including liminality, trickster, imitation and schismogenesis; concepts that are used together with approaches of historical sociology and genealogy, especially concerning the rise and fall of empires, and their lasting impact. The conceptual framework suggested in this chapter is particularly helpful for understanding how marginal places can become liminal, appearing suddenly at the center of political attention. This introduction also shows the manner in which minority existence can problematize the depersonalizing tendencies of modern globalization. The other chapters of the book releave how the described political anthropological conceptual framework can be used in certain European regions, and in the case of certain ethnic and religious minority. All these chapters illustrate that instead of charismatic leaders, trickster politicians are emerging and increasingly dominate, through the "public sphere", the space of modern politics emptied of real presence.


The success of different categories of legal professionals in building positions of state power in Brazil since the end of the military regime is in line with the legitimation of models of law and international cooperation. This article focuses on the connections between Brazilian legal actors and the international 'fight against corruption'. By looking at the international connections of Brazil's Public Prosecutor's Office (MPF), we aim to show how the promotion of anti-corruption models of law is the result of [...]


In High Performance Computing, resource efficiency is paramount. Expensive systems need to be utilized to the maximum of their capabilities, but deep insight into the bottlenecks of a particular hardware-software combination is often lacking on the users' side. Analytic, first-principles performance models can provide such insight. They are built on simplified descriptions of the machine, the software, and how they interact. This goes, to some extent, against the general trend towards automation in computer science; the individual conducting the analysis does require some knowledge of the application and the hardware in order to make performance engineering a scientific process instead of blindly generating data with tools that are poorly understood. This talk uses examples from parallel high-performance computing to demonstrate how analytic performance models can support scientific thinking in performance engineering: Sparse matrix-vector multiplication, the HPCG benchmark, the CloverLeaf proxy app, and a lattice-Boltzmann solver. Interestingly, the most intriguing insights emerge from the failure of analytic models to accurately predict performance measurements.