This paper proposes a new design method for obtaining walking parameters for a 3-D biped robot walking along a step. Many researchers concentrated only on the motion of climbing up or down stairs. However, this study investi-gates a strategy for realizing walking along a step. In conventional methods, the center of mass (CoM) moves up or down during walking in this situation because the pendulum height is kept at the same length for the left and right legs. Thus, extra work is required in order to bring the CoM up to higher ground. In this study, di ff erent pendulum heights are applied for the left and right legs and this method is referred to as the dual length linear inverted pendulum method (DLLIPM). However, when di ff erent pendulum heights are applied, it is quite di ffi cult to obtain symmetrical and smooth pendulum motions. Furthermore, synchronization between the sagittal and lateral planes is not confirmed. Therefore, DLLIPM with the Newton-Raphson algorithm is proposed to solve these problems. The walking pattern for both planes is designed systematically, and synchronization between the planes is ensured. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.


The article analyse the production theory、technical feature、process and application of ammonia recovery flue gas desulfurization,provide a reference for the choice of flue gas desulfurization technology especially ammonia method desulfurization.


Given a connected reductive group $\tilde{G}$ over a finite field $k$, and a semisimple $k$-automorphism $\varepsilon$ of $\tilde{G}$ of finite order, let $G$ denote the connected part of the group of $\varepsilon$-fixed points. Then there exists a lifting from packets of representations of $G(k)$ to packets for $\tilde{G}(k)$. In the case of Deligne-Lusztig representations, we show that this lifting satisfies a character relation analogous to that of Shintani.


This research aims to; 1) developing a validity book on the economic mathematics in the Accounting Education Program of FKIP University PGRI Palembang 2) developing a pocketbook on economic mathematics at the FKIP University PGRI Palembang Accounting Education Study Program which has been tested for practicality 3) developing economic mathematics pocketbooks in Accounting Education Study Programs FKIP University PGRI Palembang has been developed towards student learning outcomes. The method used in this study is the Development Research or Research and Development (R & D). The results of the study show; 1) pocketbooks of economic mathematics as learning media developed for student learning have been validated with an average of 4.2 very valid criteria based on the assessment of material and language experts, and an average of 4 based on media experts 2) with a percentage of 100%, based on the small group stage and the one to one phase of the very practical categorized economic mathematics pocketbook 3) the results of the field test stage showed that the pocketbook of economic mathematics as a learning medium that had been developed had a potential effect on student learning outcomes with an average score of 7.9 good categories once, and also has a potential effect on student learning activeness with a score of 42.3 very active categories.Keywords: Development, Pocketbook, Economic Mathematics, Learning Media


::s Maps prepared by electrophoresis and chromatography of tryptic peptides of S and M antitrypsins. Electrophoresis was carried out at pH 6 4 to separate basic peptides, and neutral peptides were further resolved by electrophoresis at pH 2-1. Upper maps show that histidine-staining peptide (arrowed) has undergone shift from neutral region of M map to basic region of S map. Lower maps are shown for comparison to give positions (outlined) of corresponding missing peptides.


This paper presents the utilization of a stochastic global optimization method for the problem of parameter estimation in thermodynamic models. The method is based on an adaptation of the simulated annealing method to continuous variables. The proposed approach is applied to a vapor-solid equilibrium with supercritical carbon dioxide as solvent. Numerical results indicate that the simulated annealing method calculated a set of parameter values associated with considerably smaller errors as compared with a traditional method of local optimization.


OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the impact of mandatory (involuntary) disenrollment of patients from Medicare managed care organization (MCO) plans. We hypothesized that involuntary disenrollment raises significant concerns for patients, that younger enrollees (aged less than 65, "Medicare disabled") have different concerns than older patients, and that younger patients respond to termination of their plan within the MCO differently from older patients. We also examined other factors associated independently with enrollee decisions to stay in the MCO or return to Medicare fee‐for‐service.


This chapter deals with some foundational issues in the functioning and capability approach to the notion of a person's well-being. After presenting an outline of the basic ingredients of this approach, we compare it with alternative conceptions of well-being, such as subjective conceptions of well-being and resource-based conceptions of wellbeing. Next we discuss some important conceptual and practical issues in the functioning and capability approach, namely, the identification of the relevant functionings, aggregation over the various dimensions of well-being so as to arrive at an assessment of an individual's overall well-being, the ranking of capability sets, and the notion of capability sets of individuals in interactive situations where, in general, the functioning bundle of an individual is determined by other individuals' actions as well as her own action. We also discuss issues involved in identifying deprived individuals and measuring the overall deprivation of an individual who is identified as being deprived. We conclude with an overall assessment of the approach.


AIMS
Once the periodontal ligament (PDL) is damaged, its characteristic structure is difficult to regenerate. Copine7 (CPNE7) reportedly plays a functional role in the supporting periodontal attachment and PDL alignment. Herein, we demonstrated the regulatory mechanism of CPNE7 coordination with cytoskeleton re-organization and cementum attachment protein (CAP)-mediated attachment in PDL regeneration.

METHODS
The expression and localization of CPNE7, α-TUBULIN, ACTIN, and microtubule associated protein tau (TAU) were investigated in vitro. The effects of recombinant CPNE7 (rCPNE7) and CPNE7-derived peptides (CPNE7-DP) on the regulation of CAP were analyzed in vitro and PDL repair capacity was analyzed in vivo.

RESULTS
CPNE7 co-localized with F-ACTIN and induced α-TUBULIN expansion to the edge of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). The ACTIN and α-TUBULIN protein expressions were not elevated in rCPNE7-treated hPDLCs. rCPNE7 elevated the protein expression of TAU, which co-localized with F-ACTIN and α-TUBULIN. Replantation studies on mice revealed that well-attached and well-aligned PDLs were repaired in the rCPNE7 group. CPNE7-DP directly up-regulate the expression of CAP in vitro and promotes PDL regeneration in three-wall defect canine models in vivo.

CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that CPNE7 functions in PDL repair by supporting PDL alignment through TAU-mediated cytoskeleton re-organization and direct regulation of CAP-mediated PDL attachments of PDLCs.


A considerable amount of rhetoric from government and, to a lesser extent, unions, employer associations and some employers has been devoted to the promotion of policies to better balance work and family life. In the early 1990s a Work and Family Unit was established within the Commonwealth Department of Industrial Relations. Similar units were later established in some State departments. However, this rhetoric does not sit easily with evidence of increasing work intensity (Allan, 1997; Allan, O'Donnell & Peetz 1999; Morehead et al 1997; Reeder 1988; Wright & Lund 1998) and increasing working hours (Campbell 2002, Pocock 2003, Watson et al. 2003). Data from the mid 1990s suggested increasing dissatisfaction with the balance between work and family life (Morehead et al 1997:583; DIR 1995:227), with dissatisfaction higher amongst employees whose weekly hours had increased.


Water treatment (WT) is currently among the major areas of research due to the depletion of water resources and fearmongering regarding environmental pollution, which has compelled the upgrading of conventional WT technology towards recycling and reuse. This review aims to provide the current state of natural coagulants and their application in the purification of surface water as sufficient clean water is required for household needs, health security, and environmental safety. A thorough and systematic review of the existing literature was performed, and the information related to water treatment using natural coagulants was compiled from 237 articles under various sections using a computerized bibliographic search via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CAB Abstracts, and several websites. The work provides explicit information related to natural coagulants and their merits and limitations, outlines methods to increase their coagulation performance, and highlights their coagulation mechanism, efficacy, valorization potential, and sustainability. From the information obtained, it can be concluded that although chemical coagulants are efficient in WT, they are usually expensive, toxic, associated with health issues, and thus non-sustainable. A sustainable alternative is the use of natural coagulants, which are readily available, economical, easy to use, biodegradable, non-toxic, eco-friendly, effective, and generate lower sludge volumes. They work via an adsorption process that involves polymeric bridging or neutralization of the charge. The WT efficiency of natural coagulants ranges from 50–500 nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs), which is similar to chemicals. Thus, they can be deployed in WT regimes and can contribute to the health security of rural populations in developing countries. It is unfortunate that, despite the known benefits of natural coagulants, their acceptance, commercialization, and widespread industrial application across the globe are still low. Therefore, there is a need for more exhaustive investigations regarding the mode of action, adoption, and commercialization of natural coagulants as a sustainable alternative to chemicals for a circular economy.


GPS positioning system is a global system of navigation, which provides real - time information of time and position of longitude and latitude. This paper has proposed some technologies about how to display the location of the PDA holder on the PDA screen. It described the hardware of the PDA and how to receive the positional information from CPS receiver, and also described the technologies used in the system, such as the organization of the geographical data, the design of the display mode and the partition of the electronic map. The realization of the shortest path is the linear - optimized Dijkstra' s algorithm.


Generally, the experimental aerodynamics is related to wind tunnel experiments. The wind tunnel design topic is very old but the development in computational fluid dynamics led to improvement in the wind tunnel design. This paper describes the design and optimization of low speed wind tunnel using CFD techniques. The new optimum wind tunnel will replace the old one featuring poor air quality and small area with lower wind speed at the test section. A computational domain was generated and adopted using ANSYS mesh generator and the solution domain was analysed by simulation technique using FLUENT CFD code in ANSYS Workbench package. The pressure drop calculations comparison between analytical, computational and experimental is included for different sections in the wind tunnel. The contraction cone was optimized using the response surface technique. The results identified that the pressure drop and turbulence level are modified as compared to the old wind tunnel.


NMR studies have been carried out on a single-crystal sample of TbBaCo 2 O 5.5 with an oxygen-deficient perovskite structure. We have also carried out neutron diffraction studies and added new resu...


As an ancient country with a strong heritage on constructions remaining from several past historic ages, Portugal has innumerous examples of old bridges needing foundation reinforcement. Many of these were identified after a national plan that acts on the inspections of bridge foundations, indicating the importance of the reinforcement works. The inspections lead to the identification of the requirements needed for the interventions, as the foundations are frequently damaged by the incremental loads that they support, by the environment which they are surrounded by and by the local hydraulic conditions. Due to the technological evolution, today's most versatile solutions are the execution of micropiles and jet grouting columns, which clearly step out among many other adopted in early days. The study of a intervention on the foundation of a bridge in Benavente is a practical case of execution of micropiles as reinforcement of the vertical loadbearing capacity of a structure, and it allowed the following of all the dimensioning steps involved, as well as the process of overcome of unexpected issues that came up during the works.


As previously shown ribonuclease irradiated by γ-rays under nitrogen atmosphere may be separated by column chromatography on Sephadex into two components, one having enzymatic activity, the other consisting of aggregated products with less enzymatic activity; in the presence of air an additional inactivated component is formed. Amino acid analysis of these various products shows that in all components methionine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, and histidine are destroyed with increasing dose, whereas glycine shows a small increase. In nitrogen atmosphere, besides the amino acids mentioned, cystine is changed to a great extent; these changes occur in the active component as well as in the inactivated aggregates. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The primary structure of an RNase molecule may be changed by irradiation without loss of enzymatic activity. (2) After irradiation in nitrogen the main part of the inactivated molecules are present as aggregates, in air a small fraction is converted primarily into denatured monomers which at higher doses show aggregation, too. (3) There are no key amino acids, the alteration of which leads to the inactivation of the enzyme molecule. (4) This conclusion holds in particular for cystine; three independent proofs are presented demonstrating clearly that inactivation of ribonuclease in aqueous solution does not occur by reactive species (generated in the water) attacking the disulphide bridges and converting the molecule from the enzymatically active to the inactivated state.


Identifies seven major trends in business databases: concentration of players; convergence of database systems; growth of numeric databases; end-user access; alternative delivery modes; development of PC software and more gateways. Examines the changing role of information professionals, and outlines the major numeric/statistical business databases.


The gate of flux balance was prepared by welding and casting processes, respectively. Compared with the gate produced by welding method, the gate casting not only has better deformation resistance, wear resistance, and low cost. Through the comparison of several casting methods, the metal mold casting process was applied, and the details on metal mould casting process were presented. Practice has proved that the quality of the gates fully meets the requirement, and the production costs were reduced.


Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook is an important medicinal and ornamental orchid that may lead to important drugs and cosmetics. In this study, 2 analytical strategies were combined to describe the detailed composition of a hydroethanolic extract of the whole plant. The CARAMEL approach, based on centrifugal partition chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance data interpretation, allowed the rapid dereplication of 21 major constituents, mainly including polyols, nucleosides, zwitterionic compounds, phenolic compounds, and organic acids. Further semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography and spectroscopic analyses led to the isolation of 6 additional compounds; 4 phenanthrenes (plicatol B, hircinol, plicatol A, and plicatol C), 1 bibenzyl (3′,4-dihydroxy-3,5′-dimethoxybibenzyl), and 1 furostanol saponin (protodioscin), as well as a new phenanthrene derivative, plicatol D. A total of 28 metabolites were structurally elucidated, among which 23 are described for this species for the first time.


Around 1.3 million people worldwide die each year because of road traffic crashes. There are many reasons which cause accidents, and driving in the wrong direction is one of them. In our research, we developed an autonomous framework called WrongWay-LVDC that detects wrong-way driving vehicles from closed-circuit television (CCTV) videos. The proposed WrongWay-LVDC provides several helpful features such as lane detection, correct direction validation, detecting wrong-way driving vehicles, and image capturing features. In this work, we proposed three main contributions: first, the improved algorithm for road lane boundary detection on CCTV (called improved RLB-CCTV) using the image processing technique. Second is the Distance-Based Direction Detection (DBDD) algorithm that uses the deep learning method, where the system validates and detects wrong-driving vehicles. Lastly, the Inside Boundary Image (IBI) capturing feature algorithm captures the most precise shot of the wrong-way-of-driving vehicles. As a result, the framework can run continuously and output the reports for vehicles' driving behaviors in each area. The accuracy of our framework is 95.23%, as we tested with several CCTV videos. Moreover, the framework can be implemented on edge devices with real-time speed for functional implementation and detection in various areas.


This article aims at analyzing the similarities in communicative functions between English euphemism and Chinese euphemism with the conclusion that euphemism is a conversational tactics used to achieve ideal communication both in English and Chinese.


Whereas nectar and pollen provision to predators and parasitoids is a main objective in pursuing agricultural biodiversity, we often know little about whether the flowering plant species involved are actually suitable as insect food sources or about their ultimate impact on biological pest control. This paper highlights the potential and the pitfalls of using biodiversity in conservation biological control and discusses how the benefits can be optimized


During the 1990s staff functions have come under increasing pressure to improve the value they provide to line departments. This case study describes how the finance division of a large pharmaceutical firm used reengineering to reorganize itself to more closely support a customer-focused business strategy.


A new solvent system referred to as Next Generation Solvent or NGS, has been developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the removal of cesium from alkaline solutions in the Caustic Side Solvent Extraction process. NGS is proposed for deployment at MCU and at the Salt Waste Processing Facility. This work investigated the chemical compatibility between NGS and 16 M, 8 M, and 3 M nitric acid from contact that may occur in handling of analytical samples from MCU or, for 3 M acid, which may occur during contactor cleaning operations at MCU. This work shows that reactions occurred between NGS components and the high molarity nitric acid. In the case of 16 M and 8 M nitric acid, initially organo-nitrate groups are generated and attach to the modifier and that with time oxidation reactions convert the modifier into a tarry substance with gases (NO{sub x} and possibly CO) evolving. Calorimetric analysis of the organonitrate revealed the reaction products are not explosive nor will they deflagrate. NGS exposure to 3 M nitric acid resulted in much slower reaction kinetics and that the generated products were not energetic. We recommended conducting Accelerated Rate calorimetry on the materials generated in the 16more » M and 8 M nitric acid test. Also, we recommend continue monitoring of the samples contacting NGS with 3 M nitric acid.« less


Health is the foundation of social development.The human capital theory regards it can quicken the economic growth,reduce poverty and promote country's overall economic development to invest in national's health.Through the description and analysis of rural population healthy present situation in Guizhou,this essay thought the government has directly affected farmer's health beacause the investment of hygienic resources in countryside was too few,moreover sicknesses induce poor or returns to poor to be serious,from this caused farmers disabled,farmers to live rough,impedimented the economic development of rural areas.Therefore put forward a series of advices,such as increase government's health investment,develops the medical and health care cause of rural areas vigorously,enhances the rural medical personnel's quality,strengthens the health education,establishes the new rural co-operatives medical system etc.


Investigations have showrn that women are affected much more than men by poor lighting, inferior equipment, and unpleasant surroundings. This is not surprising when we realize that over the centuries women have been responsible for creating comfort-able and pleasant surroundings in the home. At a time when women are playing so vital a part in the nation's race for increased output, it is important to know that their efficiency and productivity are considered higher in plants where the working conditions are good.-**


It is demonstrated that for applications in which adaptive cancellation of sinusoids, rather than enhancement, is desired, the effect of gradient noise is negligible when operating within the stability range of the filter.


Internal Family Systems (IFS) is a psychotherapy modality that combines elements of systems theory with an experiential approach that rests on distinctions between Self and parts of self. Unlike more cognitive approaches such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic 'talk' therapies, IFS challenges traditional divisions between mind and body that have endured in both the treatment of psychological trauma and in the study of religion. This essay provides a summary of IFS as it is conceptualized by Richard Schwartz, Martha Sweezy, and Frank Anderson, and then critically identifies several significant religious resonances in its approach to mediating between a stable 'Self ' and parts of self that are partitioned by traumatic or overwhelming experiences. I conclude with the suggestion that the IFS approach to therapy and the discipline of Religious Studies mutually illuminate and challenge each other in their overlapping approaches to the problems of value-neutrality and normativity.


The encapsulation of water soluble solids, such as salts, in solvent resistant and mechanically robust polymers is a task fraught with difficulties. Conventional encapsulation techniques are unsuit...


Limb regeneration in urodeles is achieved through the dedifferentiation of tissues at the amputation plane and through the production of the blastema. This tissue breakdown is possible by extensive alterations in molecules of the extracellular matrix. In this respect we describe the regulation of several integrins during such events. It was found that α1 and β1 integrins were down‐regulated as blastema formation proceeded. In contrast, the expression of α3, α6 and αv integrins were upregulated in the blastema. These data are consistent with the roles of integrins in developmental phenomena and are discussed in light of the mechanisms of dedifferentiation.


We reveal the presence of a peculiar physical signal which compromises the accuracy of Earth surface deformation estimates for distributed scatterers [1]. The observed signal is short-lived and decays with the temporal baseline; however, it is distinct from the stochastic noise attributed to temporal decorrelation. To indicate its nature, this physical effect is referred to as fading signal. Designing a simple approach in the evaluation of distributed scatterers, we reveal a prominent bias in the deformation velocity maps. The bias is the result of propagation of small phase error through the time series. We further discuss the role of the phase estimation algorithms in significant reduction of the bias and put forward the idea of a unified analysis-ready InSAR product for achieving high-precision deformation monitoring.


In the thesis the author analyzed the lack of credit in the course of the construction of China's e-commerce, the main bottleneck in its sound development, explored its causes, and on which basis, puts forward some constructive measures and suggestions to improve the credit in the construction of China's e-commerce.


A large number of students in Southern and Eastern Asia aspire to study abroad at undergraduate and postgraduate levels for obtaining international qualifications, but only some of them can fulfill their dream through a scholarship or financial support from other sources. The developments and growth of eLearning and Online Distance Education are boosting the internationalisation process of education and facilitating excellent opportunities of obtaining international academic qualifications without moving abroad. This paper discusses the UNIGIS online distance learning programmes in Geographical Information Science and Systems as an alternative and cost effective model for obtaining widely recognised and highly regarded international academic qualifications. Local academic institutions can offer such opportunities by establishing joint study programmes in cooperation with worldwide UNIGIS member universities


Symbolic images stand for more than simply what appears before the eyes. They represent a deeper meaning behind the image – something. The symbolic images in public communications, and techniques of their application as an instrument of forming desired ideological models within social consciousness, as well as consider principles of social psychology that enable successful application of communication technologies to a target audience by appealing to their image thinking. Applied methods of the research are: sociocultural, historical, and content analysis, this article focuses on analyzing the significance of symbol image in public communication strategies and its impacts on brand building, trust establishment, and fostering a positive interactive environment with the public. Based on lessons drawn from practical public communication activities of Thu Dau Mot University, the article proposes additional measures to enhance the effectiveness of the unit's communication and their potential application to specific cases, contributing to the development of the field of public communication.


The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society was born at the Harvard Law School in 1998, when awareness of the World Wide Web's emergence as one of the defining social and civic spaces of our era was still in its infancy. The Center matured and, in the late 2000s, it became a university-wide center, accommodating scholars not just from Law but also from such fields as International Relations, Communications, Sociology, Computer Science, and Government as well as expanding its community of on-site and off-site fellows (which encompasses activists as well as scholars). When I arrived from Stanford in 2009, fresh from a decade during which I had served as founder-director of the Stanford Humanities Lab, I became a Berkman fellow and soon came to consider the Center my Harvard academic home. Harvard can sometimes feel a bit centripetal, but the Berkman Center is an exception. It's a porous, multidisciplinary community with strong connections to MIT, Boston University, Northeastern, and institutions worldwide. And it's one that spans all disciplines, not to mention leading a global network of centers of internet and society. When I joined the Harvard faculty one year and a half later, I became one of the Center's faculty co-directors, the first from a humanities field. Like other co-directors, I am part of the leadership brain trust, participate in planning and grant writing, as well as project development and oversight. I chose to locate metaLAB within the Berkman Klein Center for the above reasons. Interview


Rare earth permanent magnets are essential components in many fields of technology due to their excellent magnetic properties. There are some techniques used in the manufacture of permanent rare earth magnets: the powder metallurgy to obtain anisotropic HD sintered permanent magnets and the melt spinning and HDDR processes to obtain isotropic and anisotropic bonded permanent magnets. In this work, the influence of the melt spinning parameters on the microstructural and magnetic properties of the Pr14FebalCo16B6 alloy was studied. The alloy was melted and rapidly cooled at 9.9 x 105°C/s. The parameters used in the process were: wheel speed of 15 m/s and 20 m/s and ejection pressure of 25.3 kPa and 50.7 kPa. Ribbons and/or flakes of 30 μm thickness and width until 5 mm were obtained. Results show that the melt spinning alloys are nanocrystalline and that the parameters of the process influence the microstructure and their magnetic properties. Mean crystallite size up to 38.5 nm and intrinsic coercivity (iHc) up to 254 kA/m were obtained.


In order to model fading channel in satellite-to-Earth or Earth-to-satellite links, a synthetic time-series model was proposed. In this model, an objective clustering algorithm was applied to break down the large volume of fade events into different states, then an improved 4-state Markov model was developed which provides realistic time series considering seasonal and weather variations. Based on the model, simulations and analysis on the multicast protocols were carried out. Simulation results show that this model can simulate packet loss and unnecessary retransmission (form source or receiver) when link is unavailable realistically.


Background: Regulation of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) is pathophysiologically and pharmacologically important. Results: miR-9 and miR-326 target to the 3′-UTR of DRD2, and endogenously inhibit DRD2 expression. A functional single nucleotide polymorphism alters such regulation. Conclusion: DRD2 is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-326 and miR-9. Significance: The study suggests a pathophysiological and pharmacological role of miR-9 and miR-326 in neuropsychiatric disorders. The human dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Most antipsychotic drugs influence dopaminergic transmission through blocking dopamine receptors, primarily DRD2. We report here the post-transcriptional regulation of DRD2 expression by two brain-expressed microRNAs (miRs), miR-326 and miR-9, in an ex vivo mode, and show the relevance of miR-mediated DRD2 expression regulation in human dopaminergic neurons and in developing human brains. Both miRs targeted the 3′-UTR (untranslated region) of DRD2 in NT2 (neuron-committed teratocarcinoma, which endogenously expresses DRD2) and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines, decreasing luciferase activity measured by a luciferase reporter gene assay. miR-326 overexpression reduced DRD2 mRNA and DRD2 receptor synthesis. Both antisense miR-326 and antisense miR-9 increased DRD2 protein abundance, suggesting an endogenous repression of DRD2 expression by both miRs. Furthermore, a genetic variant (rs1130354) within the DRD2 3′-UTR miR-targeting site interferes with miR-326-mediated repression of DRD2 expression. Finally, co-expression analysis identified an inverse correlation of DRD2 expression with both miR-326 and miR-9 in differentiating dopaminergic neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and in developing human brain regions implicated in schizophrenia. Our study provides empirical evidence suggesting that miR-326 and miR-9 may regulate dopaminergic signaling, and miR-326 and miR-9 may be considered as potential drug targets for the treatment of disorders involving abnormal DRD2 function, such as schizophrenia.


The clustering is the most effective method to identify the outliers in the UCI Repository dataset. This paper proposes detecting outliers on UCI datasets using Adaptive Rough Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm. In the first phase of the Adaptive Rough Fuzzy C- Means algorithm, the Rough k means algorithm is used for pre-processing of UCI repository dataset and it is normally identify the outliers and removed from the dataset. After removed outliers in the dataset, the remaining data objects are clustered by Rough K-Means, Fuzzy C-Means and Adaptive fuzzy c means methods. The experimental result of the clustering algorithms and outlier detection methods are compared and also analysed using validity indexes (Davies Bouldin index, Rand index and Adjusted Rand index), performance analysis, cluster compactness and scalability methods. Further, the experimental readings show that the Adaptive Rough Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm outperformed the Rough K-Means and fuzzy C-Means clustering method.


[Extract] On June 5th2017 Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt (the "Quartet") cut their relations with Qatar. The Quartet decided to withdraw their ambassadors and impose a travel and trade ban. This has caught Qatar by surprise, which did not expect such drastic steps to be taken. Due to the Quartet actions the financial outflows and the costs have been massive for Qatar, but the system can absorb great shocks because of accumulated reserves and the income from the export of gas. The financial burden is nevertheless hitting the state hard, and it will be more and more difficult to sustain the current level of expenditure. So far Qatar has managed to adjust to the new reality mainly thanks to the financial reserves accumulated in the last two decades, the use of networks and an effective PR/lobbying campaign.


This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the productivity effects of antidumping (AD) measures on Chinese industries. Industry‐year panel data and generalized method of moments estimators are used in the empirical analysis. Productivity indicators are calculated using data envelope analysis. The empirical results show that China's industrial total factor productivity has improved under the pressure of AD measures taken by developed countries, and the mechanism inspires technological progress but hurts technological efficiency. Developing countries' AD measures have no significant productivity effects on China's targeted industries, except for slightly positive effects on technological efficiency. These results indicate that China should pay more attention to technological innovation and take different counter‐measures for different cases of AD measures.


Using the cannula inserted method, vascular effects of nicotine were investigated in isolated, perfused dog intermediate auricular arteries, comparing with those of norepinephrine and tyramine. Norepinephrine and tyramine produced strong vasoconstrictions in a dose-related manner, but nicotine did not induce any significant vasoconstriction.


METHOD 1. Suspend a small yeast colony in 10 μl of Zymolyase 100T (1 mg/ml). 2. Add 40 μl of PCR mix to the suspended colony, made up as follows: Gene-specific primer 1 (5 mM) 5 μl Gene-specific primer 2 (5 mM) 5 μl 10X yeast colony PCR buffer I 5 μl dNTPs (2 mM) 5 μl Yeast Colony PCR -Amberg et al. 2006 (1): pdb.prot4170 -Cold Sprin... http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/cgi/content/full/2006/1/pdb.prot4170?print=true


This paper proposes a compact Computation-in-Memory (CiM) co-optimized by multi-level ReRAM and Spiking Neural Network (SNN) algorithm for Event-based Vision Sensor (EVS) of edge AI. Proposed SNN removes frequent weight update during training by adopting random weights, which reduces the endurance of ReRAM. Excellent 94.7% recognition accuracy is achieved. With ReRAM cell error analysis, proposed SNN with 2-bit protection and 0.1% errors achieves 90.1% accuracy. By co-optimizing ReRAM device and SNN algorithm, proposed error-tolerant Heterogeneous Multi-level ReRAM CiM decreases the number of required ReRAM cells by 75%.


In this paper we study the ring of graph invariants, focusing mainly on the invariants of simple graphs. We show that all other invariants, such as sorted eigenvalues, degree sequences and canonical permutations, belong to this ring. In fact, every graph invariant is a linear combination of the basic graph invariants which we study in this paper. To prove that two graphs are isomorphic, a number of invariants are required, which are called separator invariants. The minimal set of separator invariants is also the minimal generator set for the ring of graph invariants. We find lower and upper bounds for the minimal number of generator/separator invari-ants needed for proving graph isomorphism. The minimal number of generators/separators is the transcendence degree of the ring of graph invariants. Finally we find a sufficient condition for Ulam's conjecture to be true based on Red-field's enumeration formula.


The effects of hot- and cold-water extractives from the sawdust of six softwood species used as an artificial soil matrix in the GADE (Garbage Automatic Decomposer-Extinguisher) machine on bacterial growth were examined. The extractives from karamatsu, sugi, and todomatsu did not inhibit the bacterial growth but rather promoted their growth. The extractives from ezomatsu and hiba did not affect on the bacterial growth so much. On the other hand, the extractives from hinoki intensively inhibited the bacterial growth. These results suggest that sawdust from softwoods such as karamatsu, sugi and todomatsu are useful as an artificial soil matrix in the GADE machine and the sawdust from hiba and ezomatsu are also usable. On the contrary, mixed use of the sawdust of hinoki with the sawdust of karamatsu would be recommended in order to reduce the influence of the extractives of hinoki on bacterial acti vities when the operators of the GADE machines will use the sawdust of hinoki.


Although recurrent herpes simplex is very common, subsequent attacks of Kaposi's varicelliform eruption are extremely rare. 1 We were able to find only four reports of recurrences of Kaposi's varicelliform eruption in the literature available to us * ; undoubtedly, there must be numerous unpublished observations. We, therefore, deem it worthy to report three additional recurrent cases. REPORT OF CASES Case1.—M. C., a 17-year-old white girl, has had atopic eczema since infancy. On Jan. 14, 1953, a confluent vesicular eruption appeared on her head, neck, shoulders, and arms; the involved area was erythematous and edematous. There was marked regional lymphadenopathy. On Jan. 17 she was admitted to the hospital. The white blood count was 12,800, and the urinalysis revealed 1+ albumin. A gradually rising fever reached 104 F. on Jan. 19 and dropped precipitously to 100 F. on Jan. 20. The temperature returned to normal on Jan. 23. Regression


This chapter offers a novel account of how to understand Leibniz's views on compossibility when applied to infinite worlds constituted by unextended, immaterial substances or 'monads'. The first section sets the stage by taking up some essential questions about the relationship between monads and space. The second section argues that—with a better understanding of that relationship—it is possible to see how the so-called 'packing strategy' can be applied quite directly, even intuitively, to monadic worlds and substances. The third section argues that thinking through the application of the packing strategy to monadic worlds highlights an important, neglected Leibnizian commitment and reveals surprising affinities between the packing strategy and recent cosmological interpretations.


This paper reports the general formulas for slot current distributions based on the study of slot current distributed orderliness of single-winding reversed changing pole motors. The theoretic basis reported in the paper can be supplied for the parameter calculation and CAD of the irregular phase belt winding motor design.


Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. (Lamiaceae), which is known locally as Barazambal in Iran, is a medicinal plant containing some important pharmaceutical secondary metabolites such as diterpenoid tanshinones and phenolic acids. Recently, reports have confirmed some therapeutic properties of Perovskia species such as leishmanicidal, antibacterial, antifungal and antiplasmodial effects, which were mainly attributed to their secondary metabolites. Agrobacterium-mediated hairy root cultures represent an effective tool for secondary metabolites production, compared to their parent plants. For this reason, the present study was aimed to establishment of an efficient hairy root culture protocol in P. abrotanoides. Mature seeds were harvested from wild plants, and after sterilization were cultured on free hormone solid MS basal medium. Five A. rhizogenes strains (A4, A7, ATCC15834, LBA9402 and R1000) were used to infect the leaf and internodal explants, as well as nodes on one-month old plants of P. abrotanoides. Wounded explants and nodes were inoculated with bacterial suspensions and then were cultured on MS medium for 48h at 25°C under 16:8 light: dark period. After 48h of cocultivation, 1-1.5 cm long tip roots were excised and cultured on the 1⁄2MS semi-solid medium containing cefotaxim (400 mg/L) for 15 day to remove residual bacteria. Transgenic hairy roots lines developed in MS liquid medium were confirmed by PCR amplification of rolC as the target gene. The percentage of hairy root induction was recorded after 20 days of culture inin MS medium containing cefotaxim and the results showed that bacterial strains had significant effects (P<0.05) on frequency and time of hairy root formation. The obtained results showed that, all strains of A. rhizogenes were used in this study were able to induce hairy roots on the wounded nodes and their Ri plasmids were integrated into the genome of host cells. Four days after inoculation, the first hairy root lines were emerged on the wounded nodes infected with A4 strain. Based on our findings, A. rhizogenes A4 strain was the most efficient strain in transformation and initiation of hairy roots with the frequency of 77.77% follow by A7 (66.67%) and ATCC15834 (58.33%). The lowest percentage of root induction was achieved with LBA9402 (33.33%) strain at the 9th day of induction. In conclusion, our results supported that with the application of efficient A. rhizogenic strains and suitable culture conditions, it could be possible to establish potent hairy root cultures in P. arbotanoides.


In this paper, we present a combinatorial testing methodology for testing web applications in regards to SQL injection vulnerabilities. We describe three attack grammars that were developed and used to generate concrete attack vectors. Furthermore, we present and evaluate two different oracles used to observe the application's behavior when subjected to such attack vectors. We also present a prototype tool called SQLInjector capable of automated SQL injection vulnerability testing for web applications. The developed methodology can be applied to any web application that uses server side scripting and HTML for handling user input and has a SQL database backend. Our approach relies on the use of a database proxy, making this a gray-box testing method. We establish the effectiveness of the proposed tool with the WAVSEP verification framework and conduct a case study on real-world web applications, where we are able to discover both known vulnerabilities and additional previously undiscovered flaws.


. We study the limit of the chromatic tower for arbitrary spectra, obtaining a generalization of the chromatic convergence theorem of Hopkins and Ravenel. Moreover, we prove that in general this limit does not coincide with harmonic localization, thereby answering a question of Ravenel's.


A direct conversion modulator-demodulator with even harmonic mixers for fixed wireless applications is presented. The circuits consist of even harmonic mixers (EHMs) realized with antiparallel diode pairs (APDPs). The self-biased APDPs are used to flatten the conversion loss of the mixers. We also evaluate the different levels of I/Q imbalances and DC-offsets and use signal space concepts to analyze the bit error rate(BER) of the proposed transceiver using M-ary QAM schemes. The results show that this structure can be efficiently used for fixed wireless applications in Ka-band


In this work we calculate the mass spectrum, weak decay constants, two photon decay widths, and two gluon decay widths of ground (1S), and radially excited (2S,3S,...) states of pseudoscalar charmoniuum and bottomonium such as $\eta_{c}$ and $\eta_{b}$, as well as the mass spectrum and leptonic decay constants of ground state (1S), excited (2S,1D,3S,2D,4S,and 3D) states of vector charmonium and bottomonium such as $J/\psi$, and $\Upsilon$, using the formulation of Bethe-Salpeter equation under covariant Instantaneous Ansatz (CIA). Our results are in good agreement with data (where ever available) and other models. In this framework, from the beginning, we employ a $4\times 4$ representation for two-body ($q\overline{q}$) BS amplitude for calculating both the mass spectra as well as the transition amplitudes. However, the price we have to pay is to solve a coupled set of equations for both pseudoscalar and vector quarkonia, which we have explicitly shown get decoupled in the heavy-quark approximation, leading to mass spectral equation with analytical solutions for both masses, as well as eigenfunctions for all the above states, in an approximate harmonic oscillator basis. Further, in the present framework of BSE, the hadron-quark vertex function (and the full 4D BS wave function) for pseudoscalar and vector quarkonia used for calculation of various processes, accommodates all the Dirac structures from their complete set in a natural manner.


Objective To investigate the effect of ginseng protein(GP)on neurons damaged by beta amyloid protein1-40(Aβ1-40)and hydrogenperoxide(H2O2),and to clarify the neuroprotective effect of GP and its mechanism.Methods The primary neurons were isolated and purified from cerebral cortex of suckling mouse and cultured for 12d,and damaged by 30μmol·L-1 Aβ1-40and 200μmol·L-1 H2O2.Then the damaged cells were randomly divided into model group(Aβ1-40model group and H2O2 model group,no drugs),GP group and GP medicated serum group.MTT method was used to detect the survival rates of cells;Qiagen was used to detect the activities of NOS and levels of NO in culture supernatant,and Hoechst 33342/PI fluorescent staining method was used to detect the apoptotic and necrotic rates of cells.Results It was observed that by the treatment of Aβ1-40and H2O2,the number of neuron was decreased,the axons shortened or disappeared,the karyopyknosis concentrated into a bright blue(dyed by Hoechst 33342),and some cells were dyed into red by PI under inverted flurescence microscope;after adding GP and its medicated serum,the number of cells was obviously increased,the cells stretched,the nuclei were round and light blue,and the number of cells dyed by PI into red was reduced.The MTT results showed that the survial rate of cells in GP group was obviously higher than that in model group(P0.05or P0.01).There was no significant difference in the survival rate of cells between GP medicated serum group and model group(except 5% GP medicated serum group,P0.05).The activity of NOS and level of NO in culture supernatant in GP group were significantly lower than those in model group(P0.05or P0.01).The apoptotic rates of cells in GP group and GP medicated serum group were obviously lower than that in model group detected by Hoechst 33342/PI method(P0.05or P0.01).There was no significant differences of the necrotic rates of neurons between GP group,GP medicated group and model group(P0.05).Conclusion GP protein has the neuroprotective effect,and its mechanism is related to the reduction of the activity of NOS and the level of NO and the inhibition of apoptosis of neurons.


The state-of-the-art physics alliances have augmented various opportunities to solve complex real-world problems. These problems require both multi-disciplinary expertise as well as large-scale computational experiments. Therefore, the physics community needs a flexible platform which can handle computational challenges such as volume of data, platform heterogeneity, application complexity, etc. Cloud computing provides an incredible amount of resources for scientific users on-demand, thus, it has become a potential platform for executing scientific applications. To manage the resources of Cloud efficiently, it is required to explore the resource prediction and scheduling techniques for scientific applications which can be deployed on Cloud. This paper discusses an extensive analysis of scientific applications, resource predictions and scheduling techniques for Cloud computing environment. Further, the trend of resource prediction-based scheduling and the existing techniques have also been studied. This paper would be helpful for the readers to explore the significance of resource prediction-based scheduling techniques for physics-based scientific applications along with the associated challenges.


Vaginal microbicides for the prevention of HIV transmission maybe an important option for protecting women from infection.Incorporation of dapivirine, a lead candidate nonnucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitor, into intravaginal rings (IVRs) for sustainedmucosal delivery may increase microbicide product adherence andefficacy compared with conventional vaginal formulations. Twentyfourhealthy HIV-negative women 18–35 years of age were randomlyassigned (1:1:1) to dapivirine matrix IVR, dapivirine reservoir IVR,or placebo IVR. Dapivirine concentrations were measured in plasmaand vaginal fluid samples collected at sequential time points over the33-day study period (28 days of IVR use, 5 days of follow-up). Safetywas assessed by pelvic/colposcopic examinations, clinical laboratorytests, and adverse events. Both IVR types were safe and well toleratedwith similar adverse events observed in the placebo and dapivirinegroups. Dapivirine from both IVR types was successfully distributedthroughout the lower genital tract at concentrations over 4 logs greaterthan the EC50 against wild-type HIV-1 (LAI) in MT4 cells. Maximumconcentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration–time curve(AUC) values were significantly higher with the matrix than reservoirIVR. Mean plasma concentrations of dapivirine were ,2 ng/mL.These findings suggest that IVR delivery of microbicides is a viableoption meriting further study.Key Words: dapivirine, HIV, intravaginal ring, microbicide,pharmacokinetics, prevention


The amide A band of protein is sensitive to the hydrogen bands of amide groups of proteins. However, it is hard to distinguish the amide A band of aqueous protein in situ directly, since it overlaps with O−H stretching vibration of water. In this work, we presented a new analytical method of Raman ratio spectrum, which can extract the amide A band of proteins in water. To obtain the Raman ratio spectrum, the Raman spectrum of aqueous protein was divided by that of pure water. A mathematical simulation was employed to examine whether Raman ratio spectrum is effective. Two kinds of protein, lysozyme and α-chymotrypsin were employed. The amide A bands of them in water were extracted from Raman ratio spectra. Additionally, the process of thermal denaturation of lysozyme was detected from Raman ratio spectrum. These results demonstrated the Raman ratio spectra could be employed to study the amide A modes of proteins in water.


LABOR'S view of the Church's function with regard to industrial relations is not only sympathetic at this time, but pleasing, being in direct contrast with the views held by labor on this matter in the not very distant past. In fact, the common opinion among wage-earners was that the Church had not only neglected its duty in regard to industrial relations toward the masses, but that it curried the favor of materialism. Labor has nowhere to look or


Purpose of work improvement of the rezults of surgical treatments of iatrogenic injures and strictures of the extrahepatic bile ducts. Experience in treatment of 44 patients aged 21 to 81 years is presented. Fresh bile duct injury was present in 21 (47,7%) patients, stricture in 23 (52,3%). Has been shoun that the basic kind of surgical treatment is Roux reconstructive surgery.


Source/description: The KIT ligand gene (KITLG, formerly MGF) codes for mast cell growth factor, the ligand of the tyrosine-kinase receptor encoded by the KIT locus. The deduced amino acid sequence of the chicken KITLG gene shows 53 and 52% identity to the mouse and human KITLG genes, respectively. Mammalian matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an 84-residue vitamin K-dependent protein expressed at high levels in heart, kidney and lung, and upregulated by vitamin D in bone cells. Avian MGP shows 51–56% identity to mammalian genes and is similarly expressed. Tyrosinase is responsible for limiting the final melanin content in tissues. Numerous mutations of the TYR gene lead to different forms of albinism in human and animals...


Geological maps record conclusions from an interpretation based on observations, guided by (and testing) an understanding (important in its own right) of the likely evolution of historical configurations of systems of multi-resolution objects, processes and events in the solid Earth. Techniques based on digital mapping have led to more flexible presentations and to three-dimensional spatial models. We suggest that the techniques could be augmented and structured to assist geological survey organisations in recording the reasoning behind the interpretation – creating and maintaining an interoperable component of a more comprehensive model of solid Earth systems, with maps seen as illustrative visualisations rather than the end-product.


Returning to work often plays an important role for cancer survivors. Occupational stress may hamper a successful return to work, so cancer survivors should be given the opportunity to address occupational stress issues before returning to work. We investigated the amount of occupational stress among cancer patients and whether it is associated with their well‐being, their subjective need for occupational rehabilitation and elevations in their risk of early retirement.


It is well-documented that content teachers (e.g., math, science, social studies, etc.) have not been adequately prepared to address the increasing number of multilingual students in their classes (Freeman & Freeman, 2014; Lucas, 2011). While many teacher education programs strive to prepare teachers during initial licensure programs (e.g., de Oliveira & Yough, 2015; Freeman & 2014; Levine, & Moss, 2014) and recent work has focused on secondary teacher preparation at both pre-service and in-service levels (de Oliveira & Obenchain, 2018; de Oliveira, Obenchain, Kenney, & Oliveira, in press; de Oliveira Shoffner, 2016; de Oliveira & 2017), the existing conceptual and empirical knowledge-base for preparing pre- and in-service content teachers is still in its infancy. Faltis and Valdés (2016) argue that what is known—albeit inconclusively—does nevertheless provide helpful guidance upon which we can all build. This chapter seeks to provide a sense of the issues, research, and practices that shape what we know while identifying fruitful directions for deepening the knowledge-base for preparing K-12 content teachers for multilingual learners.


ACID polysaccharides (APS)* have become a focus of general biomedical interest since large excesses were reported in Hurler's syndrome (gargoylism). 1,2,7 Large excesses of APS have also been noted in urine of two children who had a form of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). 3 Apart from their relationships with diseases, the APS in the normal nervous system have negative charge characteristics which may be of neurophysiological interest. For example, the net charge of APS molecules might influence the distribution of cations and positively charged molecules. In this manner APS might have some general bearing on the bioelectric potentials involved in neuronal excitation and transmission. The purpose of the present study is three-fold: (1) to document and extend the APS observations in MLD; (2) to correlate them with the excess APS isolated from the brain and kidney of the same MLD children; and (3) to review a sizable expansion of the


In the present study, a variety of polylactide (PLA) articles (n = 211) were tested for migration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) into the food simulant (4% v/v acetic acid). Pb, Cd, and As were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Migration tests were performed at 70oC and 100oC for 30 min. The amounts of Pb, Cd, and As increased at 100oC for 30 min compared with levels at 70oC. However, the migration at both conditions was very low. The maximum level of Pb at 100oC for 30 min corresponded to 1% of the migration limit. The estimated daily intakes (EDI) based on safety evaluation ranged from 2.5 × 10−5 to 2.0 × 10−3 μg/ kg bw/day for Pb, Cd, and As. The EDI calculated from migration of Pb at 100oC for 30 min in PLA was the maximum value, 2.0 × 10−3 μg/kg bw/day, which corresponded to 0.055% of provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI, 25 μg/ kg bw/week). The data from this study represent a valuable source for science-based safety control and management of hazardous heavy metals migrating from polylactide food contact materials.


The study of reading has a long history in the digital library community, but one issue that has been largely ignored is gender. Gender is known to play a significant role in the acquisition, reading and use of print material. However, there it is unknown to what degree the influence of reading norms carries into digital reading. In this paper we examine the differences in the readership of a variety of magazines, between their print and electronic editions. The results reveal that digital reading is, in general, less gender-conforming than print reading. However, it also appears that consumption of digital editions on mobile phones reverts towards the gender stereotypes found in print. Together, this data serves to demonstrate that digital library services, including search engines, should consider the risk of reinforcing gender stereotypes that occur when reading is a public performance, and entrenching those biases when reading is done privately


Thank you for reading luke the physician and other studies in the history of religion. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite novels like this luke the physician and other studies in the history of religion, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their computer.


It is an important step of speech recognition process to identify accurately the speech endpoinL Under the en— vironment with lOW SNR,in order to enhance the discrimination of noise better and improve the accuracy of speech end— point detection system,this paper proposesd a new type of speech endpo int detection algorithm based on sub-band ener— gy-entropy-ratio.The proposed algorithm takes the ratio of short-time sub-band energy and sub-band spectral entropy as an important parameter of endpoint detection,and sets the threstlold to speech endpoint detection.Experiments show that the algorithm is fast and efficient,and it also has strong robustness and can detect the voice endpoint under lower SNR accurately.


The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device which is capable of jumping a polarity pattern with a predetermined number of frames and jumping an FRC pattern with the other predetermined number of frames, and a driving method thereof. For the purpose, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises: a pattern on which gate lines and data lines are formed; an image persistence removal device for generating an FRC pattern which is to be added to an input image and a polarity pattern which outputs the input image and combining the two patterns into one when the interlace input image is inputted from an external system and generating at least two groups which are formed in parallel to the gate lines in a period of one frame; and a data driving unit for converting image data inputted from the image persistence removal device into a data voltage, reversing the polarity of the data voltage based on the polarity pattern and outputting the data voltage through the data lines. [Reference numerals] (AA) First frame; (BB) Second frame; (CC) Third frame; (DD) Fourth frame; (EE) Fifth frame


In this study, we propose an algorithm for identifying tree crowns from LiDAR data based on the geometric relationship between local maxima and minima in forests. The local maxima and minima of LiDAR data were extracted as tree tops and crown boundaries, respectively. The most reasonable circles estimated from four local minima closest to the tree top were fitted as tree crowns. We identified 77% of the reference tree crowns using LiDAR data from dense and mixed forests in Korea, with a point density of approximately 4.3 points/m2. The regression line between the results and the field data indicated the underestimation of tree height and crown diameter. Further work is needed to establish the influence of forest conditions and data with higher point densities.


In aquatic systems, dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a major role on the biogeochemical cycle of metals. Most studies focus on the interaction between humic substances (the most hydrophobic DOM fraction) and metals. However, because of the difficult isolation of the Hydrophilic DOM (HPI), very little information is available regarding its influence on metallic speciation, bioavailability and toxicity. In this study, combined sewer overflow samples have been collected and DOM has been fractionated according to polarity criteria into hydrophobic, transphilic, hydrophilic acid and basic fractions. Compared to DOM in non-impacted rivers, a strong enrichment in the hydrophilic fraction was observed in the urban discharge samples. The Cu titrations of DOM allow us to assess the copper binding ability of each DOM fraction with binding abilities which follow this sequence Hydrophilic-acid < Hydrophobic <Transphilic < Hydrophilic basic. This result can be explained by the presence of proteinaceous compounds in the hydrophilic basic fraction which are known for their metal binding ability. This means that, due to these urban discharges, modifications of metal speciation could occur in rivers under high urban pressure and could have strong implications on metal speciation, bioavailability and transport in river.


ideal might imply. Although elementary school classrooms are certainly more likely to be intact, tractable units than their middle school and high school counterparts, students flow in


This paper briefly sketches the history of Palestinian immigration to both the Gulf region and Toronto, Canada, weaving in the life histories of five women who are part of the most recent wave of Palestinian arrivals in Canada as a result of the Gulf War. The paper then examines the nature of this newly established diaspora community in Toronto, focussing in particular on: (1) processes of personal adjustment; (2) the ways in which this group of Palestinians is forming a new community in Canada; and (3) the kinds of ties that members of the community maintain to Palestine. This examination augments the ethnographic record of Canadian immigration, complicates traditional notions of immigrants and refugees as poor and/or unsophisticated, and sheds light on the experiences and attitudes of those who have come of age in one area of the Palestinian diaspora. We also see that important differences exist within the Palestinian immigrant community, stemming from the widely varied backgrounds of this group. The pr...


Key Points Question Was the COVID-19 pandemic associated with changes in patterns of gestational weight gain? Findings In this cohort study using electronic medical records for 23 012 deliveries, gestational weight gain was close to prepandemic patterns in later pandemic deliveries (March 13, 2021, to March 12, 2022) but individuals began pregnancy slightly heavier than before the pandemic. Meaning These findings suggest that gestational weight gain has plateaued in the later parts of the pandemic, although individuals are beginning pregnancy at a higher weight than before the pandemic.


BackgroundEarly in the COVID-19 pandemic, care homes felt inadequately valued and considered by policy makers with centrally organised governmental response having counterproductive effects (Marshall, Gordon, Gladman, et al., 2021). Care home staff felt increasingly isolated, with a fifth of social care staff considering leaving the profession (Gordon, Goodman, Achterberg, et al., 2020). A swift response was developed by St Luke's Hospice to support care homes in Sheffield, not only with palliative care, but also with information dissemination and peer support between care homes.AimsProvide alternative face-to-face assessment in care homes enabling remote end-of-life.Support appropriate admission avoidance.Enable clinical skills development, increased confidence and competence, and psychological support in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe Care Homes VOICES project supported care homes by providing the following services:Care home managers' weekly virtual forum based on ECHO principles for care home managers. Guest speakers included infection control experts, public health, and local commissioners.Care home education programme – based on ECHO principles included: symptom identification, PPE donning/doffing, managing recovery, and later vaccine advice.Clinical skills training – multifaceted syringe driver training and competencies.Specialist palliative care team input – initially virtually and later face-to-face.Dedicated care home memorials and bereavement care.ResultsNumber of specialists/experts attending: 105. Average attendance at managers' forum: 35. Number of CHs attending ECHO sessions: 47. Number of new care homes joined ECHO: 17. Number of individuals syringe driver trained: 39. Approximately 100 individuals attended a hospice-led remembrance. Qualitative responses suggest care homes benefitted from support received:'We are dealing with lots of deaths… discussion is needed and the opportunity to reflect and think about my practice.''The COVID-19 programme has been so important for our staff – they have been able to understand and talk about changes to guidance and their own experiences.'ConclusionsThe VOICES project has demonstrated how multi-faceted interventions can educate care home staff, disseminate resources, and provide psychological and clinical support amid a pandemic.


A model has been developed describing the space-charge region of silicon p+n junctions in the presence of deep traps. These traps are assumed to be defects with discrete energy levels in the forbidden energy gap. This model is applied to high frequency (1 MHz) capacitance-voltage measurements of two neutron-irradiated silicon p+n junctions where Nd = 5 X 1014 cm-3 and 1015 cm-3. It was found that two acceptor traps at Ec-0.4 eV and Ec-0.58 eV adequately fit the data. Since the divacancy has similar levels, the divacancy is a logical defect to assign to these levels. In addition, it was found that the defect introduction rate was 0.95 cm-1 for one of the junctions (Nd = 5 X 1014 cm-3), fabricated in bulk material; whereas, for the other junction (Nd = 5 X 1014 cm-3), fabricated in epitaxial material, the defect introduction rate was 0.64 cm-1. These rates are consistent with those reported previously in the literature.


With the development and perfection of the world penalty system, especially with the background of strict standards and demand for the legality, standadization, and specialization in prison,We should make further revolution in prison after China's entry to the WTO, China Prison should make further revolution in prison security level classification. Considering the fact of our country, the prisons and the prisoners, we should found the prison classification system with the standard of security level. So we can manage the prison by law , promote the standardization of the work and go along with the world trend.


Hyperlexia is an extraordinary skill for spontaneous early reading in the background of an autistic child with serious linguistic disorders. Generally it is a mechanical skill in the transcodification of graphemes to phonemes but there is lack of comprehension. We present the clinical characterization of a case of hyperlexia in an autistic boyas a transcortical developmental aphasia that originated perhaps in a neurodevelopment disconnection syndrome.


As a supportive project to the smart grid program, a unified digital certificate system was built with a unified source of trust by the State Grid Corporation of China(SGCC) to provide uniform identity authentication for business systems. This paper mainly introduces the construction idea of the unified digital certificate system. Considering the fact that part of regional or provincial grid corporations had built up their own digital certificate systems and the requirement for isolating the Intranet and the Internet networks, the way of integrating roots and constructing master and slave directory service systems in the Intranet and the Internet networks was adopted. In this way the unified digital certificate system was established economically and efficiently.


The nanoindentation behaviour and phase transformation of annealed single-crystal silicon wafers were examined. The silicon specimens were annealed at temperatures of 250, 350 and 450°C, respectively, for 15min and were then indented to maximum loads of 30, 50 and 70mN. The phase changes induced in the indented specimens were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and micro-Raman scattering spectroscopy (RSS). For all annealing temperatures, an elbow feature was observed in the unloading curve following indentation to a maximum load of 30mN. Under higher loads of 50mN and 70mN, respectively, the elbow feature was replaced by a pop-out event. The elbow feature reveals a complete amorphous phase transformation within the indented zone, whereas the pop-out event indicates the formation of crystalline Si XII and Si III phases. The formation of these phases increased with an increasing annealing temperature and indentation load. Moreover, the hardness and Young's modulus both decreased as the annealing temperature and indentation load increased. For the specimens annealed at 450°C and then indented to maximum loads of 50mN and 70mN, respectively, micro-cracks initiated at the bottom of the phase transformation region and extended into the silicon substrate. In other words, under high annealing temperatures and indentation loads, the critical load required for micro-fracture initiation was exceeded. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2014398]


A 32-year-old woman was diagnosed with long-QT syndrome in 1997. One year later, a single-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was implanted after multiple episodes of syncope. She has had no syncope or ICD discharge during the last 19 months.

She passed out while swimming. She was pulled from the water semiconscious by her 13-year-old daughter and did not remember receiving an …


To study the concept of Self Adaptive Networked computing Elements (SANE) we developed a configurable platform based on the Xilinx EDK and Xilinx System Generator tools. The platform is built around a MicroBlaze CPU with a set of standard peripherals such as DDR RAM controller and RS232 interface - denoted as "Master", extended with a set of several "reprogrammable Accelerators" connected to the MicroBlaze "Master" via fast simplex links (FSL).


Objective— The purpose of this study was to clarify the association of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) with insulin sensitivity using SNP and haplotype analyses in a Caucasian cohort. Material and Methods— A candidate gene association study was conducted in Caucasians with and without hypertension (N=449). Seventeen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the AGT gene and their haplotypes were analyzed for an association with HOMA-IR. Multivariate regression model accounting for age, gender, BMI, hypertension status, study site, and sibling relatedness was used to test the hypothesis. Results— Nine of the seventeen SNPs were significantly associated with lower HOMA-IR levels. Homozygous minor allele carriers of the most significant SNP rs2493134 (GG), a surrogate for the gain of function mutation rs699 [AGT p.M268T], had significantly lower HOMA-IR levels (p=0.0001) than heterozygous or homozygous of rs699 in a subset of the population showed similar results with minor allele carriers exhibiting significantly decreased HOMA-IR levels (p=0.003). Haplotype analysis demonstrated that haplotypes rs2493137A|rs5050A|rs3789678G|rs2493134A and rs2004776G|rs11122576A|rs699T| rs6687360G were also significantly associated with HOMA-IR (p=0.0009, p=0.02) and these results were driven by rs2493134 and rs699. Conclusion— This study confirms an association between the AGT gene and insulin sensitivity in Caucasian humans. Haplotype analysis extends this finding and implicates SNPs rs2493134 and rs699 as the most influential. Thus, AGT gene variants, previously shown to be associated with AGT levels, are also associated with insulin sensitivity; suggesting a relationship between the AGT gene, AGT levels, and insulin sensitivity in humans.


Satellite data from various sensors and platforms are being used to develop automated algorithms to assist in U.S. Navy operational weather assessment and forecasting. Supervised machine learning techniques are used to discover patterns in the data and develop associated classification and parameter estimation algorithms. These methods are applied to cloud classification in GOES imagery, tropical cyclone intensity estimation using SSM/I data, and cloud ceiling height estimation at remote locations using appropriate geostationary and polar orbiting satellite data in conjunction with numerical weather prediction output and climatology. All developed algorithms rely on training data sets that consist of records of attributes (computed from the appropriate data source) and the associated ground truth.


This study began in November, 1960 and involved studies of all bats living within one large and complex roof. Furzebrook House, built in 1885, was of brick with hollow walls and a black slate roof. The roof consisted of 9 distinct sections comprising some 385 m³ of which 60 % was accessible for searching. Eight species were caught in these accessible regions and because Plecotus spp. were the most numerous, they became the chief study. The study became more significant when Plecotus austriacus (Fischer) (first described by Bauer, 1960), was identified in the roof. Detailed descriptions of the two English Plecotus have already been published (cf. Stebbings, 1967). The aim of this report is to present evidence that might suggest reasons for the distribution of the two Plecotus in northern Europe, and particularly their northern limits.


Theological critique of the practice of the Protestant church in the Netherlands to encourage the faithful to participate in Communion by putting bread and wine in front of the TV, and to separate the act of baptism from the corresponding words. These were proposed and practiced solutions during the corona crisis which I believe neglect the nature of the sacraments.


Computational experiments were performed with a multi-issue alternating-offers bargaining model in which several issues are negotiated in sequence. The strategies that determine the agents' behaviors are generated by individual evolution strategies. As opposed to the conventional setting where the issues are disputed simultaneously in bundles, agents negotiate each issue individually. Conformity with game theoretic predictions was experimentally verified.


Combining historical and ethnographic perspectives, Stevens explores the development of bioinformatics. Combining historical and ethnographic perspectives, Stevens explores the development of bioinformatics.


The literature on pretrial dispute settlement has studied the effect of first- order uncertainty on pre-trial settlement bargaining while assuming common knowledge about higher-order beliefs. We study the effect of uncertainty regarding higher-order beliefs and show that ignorance about higher-order beliefs improves the ef?ciency of settlement bargaining. We introduce uncertainty about higher-order beliefs by assuming that one player receives a private and noisy signal of another player i¯s private type. We show that such signals could improve the efficiency of settlement bargaining only if they are privately observed: the informational value associated with the signal com- pletely disappears if it is publicly observable.


A simple biosensor using three-layer slab optical waveguide has been developed to measure the biomolecular concentration. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of optical waveguide sensor. Sensing objects are glucose solution and dye solution. The optical source is an Ar laser (/spl lambda/=488 nm). Because the absorption peaks of the red colored glucose solution using GOD-POD method is near the 500 nm. A sample was dropped onto the sample layer the sensing characteristics which are the dependence of glucose concentration and the dependence of interaction length were evaluated. By using a tapered waveguide, the longest penetration of evanescent wave was investigated and the optimized guiding layer thickness for high sensitivity was discussed. The developed sensor has been applied to measure wide ranging glucose concentration.


Abstract : The Installation Mission Essential Task List (I-METL) is a software system designed to support the modeling and analysis of garrison capabilities, tenant functions, and installation resources. From a system analyst's point of view, the main focus of the I-METL application is that of collecting, sharing, and managing structured data. As the stored data accumulates in size, quality, and richness, stakeholders begin to realize the potential for harvesting new business intelligence from the data store. To this end, a myriad of tools and methods (commonly referred to as Knowledge Discovery from Database KDD methods) are available, depending on the kind of intelligence pursued. This research investigated KDD methods that can directly benefit I-METL stakeholders. One goal of this effort was to provide a means for stakeholders to gain an increased understanding of the existing data and data relationships. Another goal was to foster the discovery of new and hidden relationships from the dataset. Methods that will assist with data exploration and cognition also were researched. The two disparate methodologies investigated produced positive results for the KDD process and offer many potential benefits in a real-world deployment scenario. The prototype software developed validated these results and provided insights into future research possibilities.


Biosurfactants are surfactants of biological origin. Microorganisms like bacteria, yeasts, and fungi are known to produce various types of biosurfactants. Biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules belonging to a structurally diverse group of surface active molecules. Recently biosurfactants have gained much attention because of their versatile properties. The unique properties of biosurfactant such as biodegradability, relative ease of preparation and widespread applicability, make it different from chemical synthetic surfactant. Presently it has become an important product of biotechnology for industrial and medical applications for replacement of chemical synthetic surfactant.


Dr. Dunbar McLaurin, a distinguished black economist with much experience in the area of black economic development, takes the underdeveloped country thesis from just an analytical framework to a policy formulation, stating, "The failure to view the underdeveloped ghetto economy in the same way that we view those of an underdeveloped nation leads to several inadequate plans. . . ." Dr. McLaurin continued, "The plan [here he is speaking of the plan he proposed for black economic development called the "Ghediplan"] would create new businesses


The modern culture, having refused the generality of culture norms and ideals and offering plurality of their samples, confronts social institutes with a problem of choosing the ones, which they are intended to serve. Uppermost, this concerns such a social and educational institute as a university. Where, to what norms and ideals does the modern university lead the student if by opening the world in front of them, it offers a reality of cultural pluralism? How to show the truth if it is seen in its heterogeneous state? What culture and truth does the professor choose to orientate himself/herself in his/her teaching path? May the Institute/ Department of Culture help answer all these questions as being the one that started the history of university? To answer these questions the comparative-historical method of research has been used: the contradiction has been displayed against the background of culture problem solving in the history of the university. The article justifies the need for the development of the philosophical-culturological concept of forming and keeping culture values performed by the institutionalized organizations of the university. The problem of replacing the concept of 'the graduate model' with that of 'the profession model' as a goal of innovative university education has been justified.


In orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) systems, finite-impulse response (FIR) linear precoders allow for perfect or zero-forcing (ZF) equalization of FIR channels (in the absence of noise). Recently, it has been shown that the non- circular or improper nature of some symbol constellations offers an intrinsic source of redundancy, which can be exploited to design efficient FIR widely-linear (WL) receiving structures for OFDM systems operating in the presence of narrowband interference (NBI). With regard to both cyclic-prefixed and zero-padded transmission techniques, we show that, with appropriately designed precoders, it is possible to synthesize in both cases WL-ZF universal equalizers, which guarantee perfect symbol recovery for any FIR channel and, at the same time, exhibit satisfactory NBI suppression capabilities.


This paper studies the problem of constructing formal bounds on program resource usage and other complex properties using fullspectrum dependent types to encode resource usage properties over size information and the associated correctness proofs as program terms in a simple resource-aware functional language, . Since resource properties and the associated proofs are directly expressed in through strong program structures associated with a formal program logic, it follows that correctly specified resource properties of programs written in our language can be formally and automatically verified simply by composing proofs according to the underlying program structure. We illustrate this by constructing a dependently typed interpreter for that ensures that the representation of terms includes explicit and independently checkableproofs that the required resource properties are satisfied. In this way we are able to construct programs with strong upper bounds on resource usage that can be formally and automatically verified. Compared with other automatic approaches to bounding resource usage, our work has the twin advantages of flexibility and generality, whilst retaining simplicity and automation. This is achieved through the use of full-spectrum dependent types rather than the more simply typed approaches in previous use. We illustrate the advantages of the approach by considering some complex operations on lists and trees.


Membership inference (MI) attacks are more diverse in a Federated Learning (FL) setting, because an adversary may be either an FL client, a server, or an external attacker. Existing defenses against MI attacks rely on perturbations to either the model's output predictions or the training process. However, output perturbations are ineffective in an FL setting, because a malicious server can access the model without output perturbation while training perturbations struggle to achieve a good utility. This paper proposes a novel defense, called CIP, to fortify FL against MI attacks via a client-level input perturbation during training and inference procedures. The key insight is to shift each client's local data distribution via a personalized perturbation to get a shifted model. CIP achieves a good balance between privacy and utility. Our evaluation shows that CIP causes accuracy to drop at most 0.7% while reducing attacks to random guessing.


Objective: To investigate mental health status and coping styles of naval engineering vehicle drivers. Methods: A total of 80 male drivers were investigated with self-rating symptom scale-90( SCL-90) and coping style questionnaire( CSQ) and the final data were analyzed with SPSS19. 0. Results: The differences on the three dimensions of somatization,obsession,anxious were significant between naval engineering driver and military norm,and the differences of somatization,obsession,anxious,depression,crankiness and mental disorder were significant between engineering driver and national norm. The helping and the solving problem factors were negatively correlated with SCL-90 factors while the others were positively correlated with SCL-90 factors. Further,the coping style of solving problem was beneficial to mental health. Conclusions: There are a certain mental problems among naval engineering vehicle drivers. Mental health is largely related to the coping style,and the sophisticated coping style would be of benefit to maintain mental health.


A R T I C L E I N F O Artificial Neural Network, Image processing, Machine vision, SPIHT, Back propagation. Received 25 May 2012 Accepted 05 July 2012 Available online 01 October 2012 Advances in Mechatronics have resulted in widespread of robotics. But Robot performances on difficult and hazardous tasks are not satisfactory, due to lack of automatic extraction of information and reaction as humans. Humans react faster than robots because his eyes capture the situation and brain process that data using sixth sense. To solve this, machine vision with artificial intelligence can be incorporated in robots as humans. This robot will group even the worn-out, greasy commonly used industrial components. In this paper, a machine vision system based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is incorporated for robots. This work is broadly divided into four stages, in the first stage; a mini robot capable of pushing the components is fabricated with two cameras for vision. In second stage, image processing of components are captured and processed. This image is altered in size using SPIHT method. In the third stage, Generalized ANN with Back propagation algorithm is used to identify these images. In final application stage, components are identified and pushed by robots into respective bins as per requirement. Thus, the developed VB software module provides a total solution for robots in industry. ________________________________ * Corresponding Author


A review of current measurements of spin‐dependent observables in p‐p and n‐p scattering is given for experiments done at two laboratories, Clinton P. Anderson Meson Physics Facility at Los Alamos (LAMPF) and the National Laboratory for High Energy Physics in Japan (KEK).


The algorithm of square root Kalman filtering for the case of contaminated observations is described in the paper. This algorithm is suitable for the parallel computer implementation allowing to treat dynamic linear systems with large number of state variables in a robust recursive way.


We present an algorithm to migrate multidimensional data in a non-replicated distributed environment. Our proposed algorithm is intented to improve query performance for mobile objects. Our algorithm automatically detects access pattern changes and migrates portions of the data from current sites of residence to sites recently accessing the data most frequently, thus reducing remote communication costs. We assume the data is indexed by an R-tree multidimensional index and that a global R-tree is used to locate and retrieve portions of the data set. We present a distributed R-tree structure and experimentally explore a specific access detection and migration mechanism. Our experimental results show that when compared to the no-migration case, and depending on network speed, our migration scheme may result in a query time reduction of a few percent to an order of magnitude.


In this study, we are concerned with proving the existence of multiple positive solutions of a general second order nonlinear m-point boundary value problem (m-PBVP) u(t)+a(t)u(t)+b(t)u(t)+λh(t)f(t,u)=0,t∈[0,1], u(ρ(O))=0, u(σ(1))=Σm―2 i=1 α i u(η i ), on time scales. The proofs are based on the fixed point theorems in a Banach space. We present an example to illustrate how our results work.


(57) Abstract: A method and apparatus for link two which stores relevant information independent cache. Each information unit stored in the first cache memory (103) is associated with one of the second cache memory (109) a second stored information units. Each information unit stored in the first cache memory is provided with a pointer or index to the associated information units of the second cache memory. Regardless the number of units in the first cache associated with a particular unit of the second cache, each information unit stored in the second cache is not stored only once. Therefore, even if one or more information units in the first cache memory has been associated with the same information unit in the second cache memory, the information units stored in the second cache memory only once not stored.


Directly driven cryogenic target implosion experiments are performed on the SGIII prototype laser facility. X-ray pinhole images reveal frozen condensation on the sealing film. The influence of the condensation on the delivery of laser energy to the capsule surface is then quantified experimentally. It is found that, with a carefully chosen pre-pulse duration, the influence can be reduced, and the neutron yield is increased by an order of magnitude. Subsequently, the cryogenic layered capsule and cryogenic gas-filled capsule are imploded using 6.5-kJ laser energy. The implosion performance is characterized by the neutron yield, the 2D self-emission images of the in-flight shell, and the primary proton spectrum. The neutron yield is 2 × 107 for the gas-filled capsule and 2.8 × 107 for the layered capsule. The 2D self-emission images of the in-flight shell exhibit significant implosion asymmetry. The energy downshift of the proton spectrum is used to infer the areal density. For the gas-filled capsule, the ...


The present case is of interest because of the rarity of the condition, the treatment used and the results obtained. REPORT OF CASE Miss X, aged 15, was first seen on Sept. 11, 1930, for a refractive error (hyperopic astigmatism), which was easily corrected. She had been receiving antisyphilitic treatment for congenital syphilis over a period of years, under the direction of Prof. A. Austregesilo. She stated that she tolerated neither a bismuth preparation, administered in the form of bismuth sodium tartrate, nor the arsenicals. On Dec. 14, 1932, she was seen again with a complaint of visual disturbances, redness and ciliary pain in the right eye of one week's duration. There was an exudate in the anterior chamber, with circumcorneal injection and ciliary tenderness. A diagnosis of iritis was made, and atropine prescribed. The patient was referred to Dr. Nicolau Rossetti for further antisyphilitic treatment, consisting


An ad publisher like eBay has multiple ad sources to serve ads from. Specifically, for eBay text ads, there are two ad sources, viz. eBay Commerce Network (ECN) and Google. The problem and solution we have formulated considers two ad sources. However, the solution can be extended for any number of ad sources. A study was done on performance of ECN and Google ad sources with respect to the revenue per mille (RPM, or revenue per thousand impressions) ad queries they bring while serving ads. It was found that ECN performs better for some ad queries and Google performs better for others. Thus, our problem is to optimally allocate ad traffic between the two ad sources to maximize RPM


Author L.J. Goldman (Departmento de Anestesia y Reanimacion, Clinica lnfantil 'La Paz', Paseo de la Castellana 269, Madrid 34, Spain). Tirle SPECTRUM-LINE Description A program to perform time response analysis of a capillary Mass Spectrometer inlet system. It is based on a model which utilizes the Taylor concept of dispersion of soluble matter and assumes that distortion of the gas concentration profile depends on enhanced diffusivity at the carrier-new gas boundary. Input parameters are: capillary dimensions (radius and length), carrier gas flow and gas specimen. Spectrum-Line is menu driven and produces a VDU display and hard copy of the following capillary parameters: cross section area, carrier mean gas velocity, lag time, rise time (lCk9Ooh), molecular diffusion coefficient and effective diffusion coefficient. The gas can be chosen from seven options (02, Nz. C02 , NzO, halothane, enflurane and isoflurane). A simulated gas profile is also displayed on the VDU. Language Compiled Applesoft Computing facility Apple I1 with 48K, Dos 3.3, one disk drive Auxiliary equipment Visual display unit and printer.


The objective of the study was to develop an accura te, precise and economical UV spectrophotometric, t hird order derivative, method for simultaneous estimation of b romhexine hydrochloride and salbutamol sulphate fro m combined pharmaceutical dosage form i.e. tablets. T he validation was carried out by using ICH guidelin s for the determination of bromhexine hydrochloride and salbu tamol sulphate by using ethanol as the solvent in pharmaceutical dosage form. The proposed third orde r derivative method involves the measurement of abs orbance of one drug at zero crossing point of other; hence wavelengths 220 nm and 233.8 nm were selected fo r the estimation of bromhexine hydrochloride and salbutam ol sulphate respectively. The linearity of the prop osed method was found in the concentration range of 2 to 14 μg /ml (r= 0.9991) for bromhexine hydrochloride and 2 to 16 μg /ml (r= 0.9997) for salbutamol sulphate respectively. The percentage mean recovery was found to be 100.02 % for bromhexine hydrochloride and 100.02 % for salbutamo l sulphate respectively. The method was also statis tically validated for its linearity, accuracy and precision . Both intra and inter day variations showed less p ercentage (%) RSD values indicating high grade of precision of th is method.


SABMiller may be toasting its recently inked R6bn empowerment deal as a testament to the company's commitment to social upliftment but the real fizz in this cleverly brewed transaction is in its ability to help ward off an expected, and highly anticipated, assault in its own back yard.


The next several months will bring new peaks of attention to the matter of preserving or restoring the quality of our environment—or reducing pollution—however one may prefer to state it. It is not unlikely that far more of the public's attention, views, and conclusions will be based on emotion than on fact or knowledge, for in such situations as we observe in the pollution of the atmosphere or water, the most obvious reaction is against others whom we find or feel offensive and not against ourselves and our habits we have come to accept as normal. Emotional reactions of such character are politically stimulating but seldom basically constructive. Progress against a problem to which every human is by nature a contributor can be made only with the most stubborn dependence on facts and by action based carefully on such facts. Much of the technology involved in dealing with pollution of ...


This work constitutes the first description of the clasper of Amblyraja doellojuradoi. The characterization was based onboth external morphology and the composition of the internal cartilages. A comparison based on these structures with oth-er species of the genus is provided. Considering all of the cartilages, the basal and terminal series of A. doellojuradoi aremore similar in shape and disposition to the equivalent series in A. radiata than to A. hyperborea. However, marked differences in clasper cartilages permit A. doellojuradoi to be distinguished from these congeners.


It will be the aim of this essay to discuss the following: 1) the historical struggle of Black writers to define a Creative Self and the meaning of our work in the American context from the creators of the Slave Narratives to the present; 2) the location of my own place within this struggle for cultural definition; and, 3) the emergence of what I will call a new literary griot tradition in contemporary African world writing. I will attempt to identify the aesthetic connections that spring from the now classical roots of the original forms of cultural expression enslaved Africans forged out of the furnace of American slavery. The folklore, spirituals, ring shouts, folk seculars, the blues, the jazz, and the dances continue to exist as the foundation for our creativity in the present. It is through our forms of cultural expression that we continue to remain connected to the larger Pan-African world.