Health literary has been identified as a public health goal for the 21st century and a significant challenge in health education. It is defined in Health People 2010 as: "The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions". With the trend towards a more "consumer-centric" health care system as part of an overall effort to improve the quality of health care and to reduce health care costs, it is important that services and training be provided so that consumer of health care could take a more active role in health care related decisions. This pilot project is a collaborative effort between the Medical Library, Department of Nursing Studies and Faculty of Law. It aims to raise awareness and foster effective use of health information among university students at the University of Hong Kong. Students will learn health communication, health related legal and ethical issues, analytical and decision-making skills, the ability to apply these skills to health situations and become 'self-activated, self-responsible' heath consumers. The key components are the use of case studies and learning the problem-based approach to search for reliable health information via the e-learning platform. The project intends to extend the effort of health information outreach to consumers in hospitals and high schools.


Background: The birth of a newborn is the most joyful occasion for the mother and the family. The joy continues only if the newborn survives its first few minutes of struggle for existence. The first few minutes after birth make the difference between life and death for a newborn. Although most babies smooth transition from fetal to neonatal life,4 to 6% of the neonates are likely to face difficulties, dehydration, infections, jaundice, bereavement, the unexpected ill hospitalized infants, fetal distress, delivery by caesarean section, preterm delivery, Apgar score <6 at one minute, required assisted ventilation, delivery by forceps, etc., these are the leading newborn complications in developing countries. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching program on knowledge regarding on neonatal complication among postnatal mothers used in pretest and posttest with the help of demographic variable and association. Materials and methods: Research approach used for the study was quantitative approach. The research design was one group pretest posttest design. Convenient sampling technique was used and statistical method applied for the study. The study was conducted in SMCH, Chennai. Results: Considering overall knowledge score, in pretest the mean value is 10.48 and in posttest the mean value is 20.88. Through the knowledge on neonatal complications among postnatal mothers showed significant improvement in mean in posttest than pretest. The paired t test value is 23.7220 and is highly significant. Conclusion: The study indicates need of education knowledge regarding neonatal complication to postnatal and their family members.


Water is a basic strategic resource of for people's lives and economy and society, and a controling factor of ecological environment. The water resources of the Yellow River, as the largest water resource of Henan Province, is the important supporting resource for the future economic development of Henan Province, and it is also the comparative advantage for Henan Province to take the lead in realizing the rising of Central China . Utilizing the Yellow River water resources fully and constructing the Yellow River water supply network are the key to solving the water resource bottleneck in the area along the Yellow River and promoting the economic and ecological development of Henan. For this reason, supplying water from the Yellow River and constructing the Yellow River water supply network should be placed in a more important strategic position in order to promot the quality of the existing Yellow River water supply network, further widen the Yellow River water resource utilization space and form the Yellow River water resource network in the whole province of Henan.


HADL evaporation prediction have been and still studied by many researchers to choose the best model of the Lake evaporation prediction. In this study many methods and models were tested and correlated to water budget to find the best model for Lake evaporation prediction. These methods namely water budget method, energy budget method, mass transfer method, radiation methods, temperature based methods and combination methods. Then trend analysis was performed on Lake Inflows and evaporation both monthly and annually. The results showed that energy budget method, especially Priestley-Taylor model is the best model representing the Lake Evaporation. Also the trend analysis showed that, there is no accountable change in Lake inflows, as well as evaporation at any month or even in annual basis.


The photodecomposition of cyclohexane sensitized by Cd(3P1) atoms has been studied in the vapor phase at 355 °C. The primary decomposition gives hydrogen atoms and cyclohexyl radicals. The volatile products of the decomposition are H2, cyclohexene, propylene, ethane, ethylene, methane, propane, butadiene, and methylcyclopentane. Products other than H2 and cyclo-C6H10 arise from unimolecular reactions of cyclohexyl radicals, the most important such process being the production of propylene and allyl radicals. Hydrogen yields decrease rapidly with time because of H-atom scavenging reactions involving olefinic products. The quantum yield of molecular hydrogen formation at the shortest exposure time examined is 0.53.


Multiple Intelligences which consist of verbal-linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical
intelligence, visual-spatial intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence, rhythmic Intelligence,
interpersonal intelligence, intra personal intelligence and naturalistic intelligence can be optimized
through the process of optimizing the role of environmental context, the role of previous knowledge,
the role of cognitive process, the role of genitive, distributed intelligence factor and the role of
scaffolding process. Actually, with the implementation of optimizing multiple intelligences factors,
the virtuous character of a person will be realized as a nurturant effect. But besides that, there are
strategies that can achieve the optimizing of multiple intelligences as instructional effect processes
and also increasing human potential which be virtuous character through multiple processes
inelegance approach, intelligence emotions management (Emotional Question), evocation process,
inculcation process, moral reasoning process, value clarification, value analysis, moral awareness,
commitment approach and the union approach.
Keywords: Multiple Intelligences, Optimizing Factors and Human Potential Virtuous Character


A mathematical expression has been developed which treats crystalline content of ethylene—propylene copolymers as a function of monomer sequence length distribution in the copolymer chains. The model is based on the Goldfinger-Kane mathematical relationship for sequence length distributions derived from the conventional copolymer equation. Use of the general Flory theory for depression of the crystalline melting point by copolymerization provides independent evidence in substantiation of the model.


The state directs economic resources to achieve the greatest possible economic and social returns. It is concerned with the implementation of  a group of pricing and productivity policies which have a significant role in the performance of the agricultural sector, especially in strategic crops such as wheat and rice, to improve their productivity and to improve the competitive position in the external markets, the method of partial analysis and application of the partial equilibrium model, the policy analysis matrix, the use of financial and economic analysis to assess the production policies have been used. The study aimed at identifying the impact of price and productivity policies adopted by the state on the welfare of producers and consumers, the extent of loss of society and the revenues of the state. The study reached many results, including the following: First, using the partial balance model during the period (2000-2017), it was found that the society lost about 55.7% and 602 million pounds in production. The loss of consumption amounted to about 680.5 and 110.5 million pounds respectively. In terms of the rice crop, the welfare of the producers did not materialize, and the welfare of the rice consumers was achieved. As for the country's revenues, the state's revenues from foreign exchange amounted to LE 990.6 million and LE 24500 million. The government income for the wheat crop equivalent to 2880 million pounds, while the increase in government income for rice crop was estimated at about 20040 million pounds, and wheat and rice producers received support of about 7% and 43% respectively of the world price because they got a price higher than the world price, where the nominal protection coefficient was 1.07, 1.43 Respectively, during the period (2000-2017). Second, the results of the evaluation of the productive policy through the policy matrix in 2017 showed that the producers of wheat and rice crops receive 90% 65% of the value of their production from feddan at the world price of about 14174, 20864 pounds. This means that domestic prices are lower than their global theory and that they bear taxes and the production requirements for both wheat and rice support about 6% and 7% of the world price. The decrease of this subsidy means that the local price is close to the international price, and that there is a comparative advantage for Egypt in producing Wheat and rice crops for the year 2017. The study recommends the following: a) Work to increase the support of production inputs, so that they are available at reasonable prices, in order to ensure minimum agricultural price limits for wheat, commensurate with the international price. b) Preserving the foreign markets of rice, as Egypt has a productive and favorable advantage in the rice crop, contributing to the provision of foreign exchange.


We show that every graph can be subdivided in a way that the resulting graph can be colored without repetitions on paths using only 3 colors. This extends the result of Thue asserting the existence of arbitrarily long nonrepetitive strings over a 3-letter alphabet.


Cost–benefit analysis plays a central role in planning and investment decisions related to transportation. Yet it is often difficult for an outsider to control and check this process. A new engineering–economics-based tool, MOLINO-II, is proposed here to perform cost–benefit analysis of transport projects and regulations in a network and multiperiod context. MOLINO-II performs cost–benefit analysis for different transport modes and types of freight and passenger traffic, peak and off-peak time periods, diverse market structures, and various financing schemes. Congestion levels and tolls are computed endogenously. MOLINO-II also takes into account uncertainty in demand and cost parameters.


We present here a novel architecture of high-gain continuous transverse stub (CTS) antenna array operating at E-band (71–86 GHz) with reduced sidelobe level (SLL). The antenna consists of an array of 16 long slots excited by a nonuniform parallel-plate waveguide (PPW) corporate feed network. The nonuniform excitation is achieved by the design of asymmetrical power dividers in PPW technology, for which simple analytical models are provided. Full-wave simulations are validated by measurements of a prototype fabricated in aluminum. The SLL is lower than −28 dB in the E-plane. Such an SLL is 15 dB lower than classical parallel-fed CTS arrays. The overall antenna SLL remains below −18 dB over the 75–86 GHz band. Its mean radiation efficiency is 60%, and the maximum efficiency of 85% is reached at 86 GHz.


3D-nanoporous Pt (L2-ePt) films on multiarrayed microelectrodes electroplated from reverse micelle (L2) phase were evaluated in vitro for neural cell stimulation and extracellular potential recording. Impedance, capacitance, and charge injection limit were measured for the L2-ePt electrodes with various surface specific areas, i.e., roughness factors. L2-ePt with a roughness factor of 223 showed optimum performances as neural stimulation and recording electrodes, and its electric characteristics were electrode impedance of 0.039 Ω cm2 (1.17 kHz), electrode volume specific capacitance of 43 F cm−3 (1.17 kHz), and charge injection limit of 3 mC cm−2 (400 μs). L2-ePt showed higher mechanical strength than the conventional platinized Pt (Pt black).


Over the years, people paid more attention to using renewable energy such as geothermal energy to decrease the dependency on fossil fuel energy. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) can generate electricity by using low‐temperature heat sources, and geothermal energy is an ideal pollution‐free heat source that can provide continuous and stable energy. Meanwhile, the turbo expander, one of the essential components in ORC, has the advantages of high speed and single‐stage expansion ratio. In this work, we simulated and analyzed the flow field characteristics of the turbo expander under the assigned working conditions using CFX software. The results showed that the working fluid distributed uniformly in the volute, and there was no apparent whirlpool flow or secondary flow. The pressure near the leading edge of the impeller blade was sparse but became dense at the vicinity of the trailing edge. When the speed of the expander was 15000rad min−1 and the inlet pressure was 0.59 MPa, the isentropic efficiency reached the maximum value, and the change of the inlet temperature had little effect on the isentropic efficiency, which can be ignored in actual operation. The results guide in improving the practical application of geothermal energy.


ABSTRACT Cultural debates over gay rights have prompted a great deal of scholarship assessing the nature and resiliency of citizen attitudes toward homosexuality in American political life. We posit, however, that more attention should be devoted to LGBT individuals themselves as potential office holders. Specifically, we argue that in an era of increased affective polarization and partisan sorting, party identification of candidates, as well as affectual and ideological attitudes of voters, must be integrated into analyses of the effects of sexuality as a voting heuristic. Drawing on social identity and subtyping theories, we contend that candidate sexuality will influence attitudes about some candidates, but not others. We then present the results of an original survey experiment in which candidate partisanship and sexuality are both manipulated. The data reveal substantial support of our theory: while sexuality is a relevant consideration in the candidate evaluation process, both partisanship of candidates and political attributes of voters can severely condition its effects.


The effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on peripheral serotoninergic system in adult rats (both sexes) were investigated. The following protocols for 2.4-D administration were carried out: I) single acute dose to 2,4-D (50 or 100 mg/kg, ip, 3.5 h) and II) repeated 2,4-D exposure [70 mg/kg/day orally from gestation day (GD) 16 to postnatal day (PND) 90; T2 group] or 2,4-D exposure during a period of neonatal rat development (70 mg/kg/day orally from GD16 to PND 23 and then, fed with untreated diet until PND 90; T1 group). Whole blood and plasma serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid (5-HIAA) and total tryptophan (TRP); platelet and luminal 5-HT and 5-HT, 5-HIAA and TRP in different segments of gastrointestinal tract (GI) have been analyzed. After acute 2,4-D treatments, rats showed diminutions in plasma free 5-HT, platelet 5-HT and blood and plasma TRP. During repeated 2,4-D exposure (T2 group), rats presented decreases in blood 5-HT and plasma 5-HIAA along with increases in plasma and platelet 5-HT. Tl group showed only an increased platelet 5-HT content. Gl 5-HT and TRP were enhanced after acute treatments, but diminished in T1 and T2 groups. GI 5-HIAA and luminal 5-HT were also modified. The present results suggest that intra- and extracellular compartments of 5-HT in blood may be used as a peripheral index of the changes occurring in brain counterparts after 2,4-D exposure.


Background: The prevalence of undernutrition is relatively higher than malnutrition. undernutrition is a combination between inadequate nutrition intakes and infectious diseases. Problems of undernutrition can be overcome through the provision of a proper diet to increase weight. WHO has recommended F100 formula as complementary feeding for a quick weight gain in toddlers suffering from acute malnutrition. Objective: The aim of this study was to know the influence of consumption F100 that be applied by adding carbohydrates food from local ingredients modifications as complementary feeding for underweight toddlers. Method s : This research adopts quasi experimental pre-post test with control group design. It was conducted in 3 districts in South Tangerang Regency, Banten, Indonesia. There were 2 groups divided in research which were 40 as a treatment/experimental group and 33 as a control group. Data processing and data analysis were carried out using paired t test , and changes in treatment and control groups were tested using T-test independent. Result s : The results showed, there was difference with Weight changes (p0.00), Height changes (p0.00) and Z score index W/A (p0.15), W/H (p0.01), and H/A (p0.02) between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusion: F100( liquid) or Modified F 100 with locally made flour are used as a complementary feeding for solve the acute malnutrition in children Keywords : underweight toddlers, consumption F100, complementary feeding, locally made flour, z score index


Context. This is the third of a series of papers presenting the first att emp to analyze the growth of the bar instability in a consist ent cosmological scenario. In the previous two articles we expl ored the role of the cosmology on stellar disks, and the impac t of the gaseous component on a disk embedded in a cosmological dark m atter halo. Aims. The aim of this paper is to point out the impact of the star form ation on the bar instability inside disks having di fferent gas fractions. Methods. We perform cosmological simulations of the same disk-to-ha l mass systems as in the previous works where the star formation was not triggered. We compare the results of the ne w simulations with the previous ones to investigate the e ff ct of the star formation by analysing the morphology of the stellar compon ents, the bar strength, the behaviour of the pattern speed. W follow the gas and the central mass concentration during the evolution and their impact on the bar strength. Results. In all our cosmological simulations a stellar bar, lasting 1 0 Gyr, is still living at z=0. The central mass concentration of gas and of the new stars has a mild action on the ellipticity of the bar but is not able to de stroy it; at z=0 the stellar bar strength is enhanced by the star formation. The bar pattern speed is decreasing with the disk evolution.


Methods This chapter describes in detail the methods employed to gather and analyze data for this thesis. Described are the specific protocol for Golgi staining, which is a method of random neuronal impregnation with silver. Also described are the electrophysiological and dissection procedures involved in filling individual neurons with fluorescent dyes. Analysis and computer routines are delineated in the final section. Some data analysis included in this thesis was performed on Bodian stains prepared by Dr. All experiments described here were performed on the locust, Schistocerca ameri-cana. Adult animals of both sexes were chosen from a crowded colony and processed at room temperature, unless otherwise noted. Locust heads were severed into a solution of 2.5% potassium dichromate containing sucrose (see Table 2.1 , solution 2). A small window was dissected in the head capsule between the compound eyes and the eye sheaths were removed. The head was then immersed in a mixture containing gluteraldehyde (solution 3) and allowed to prefix for 30 minutes. The brain was then dissected out in solution 2 and all extraneous tissue was cleaned off. In some cases, all dissections were carried out on ice to slow penetration of potassium dichromate into the tissue. Also, in some cases, the brains


SUMMARY This paper is the first in a series of three (this issue) which present the results of the RAMESSES study (Reykjanes Axial Melt Experiment: Structural Synthesis from Electromagnetics and Seismics). RAMESSES was an integrated geophysical study which was carefully targeted on a magmatically active, axial volcanic ridge (AVR) segment of the Reykjanes Ridge, centred on 57°45aeN. It consisted of three major components: wide-angle seismic profiles along and across the AVR, using ocean-bottom seismometers, together with coincident seismic reflection profiles; controlled-source electromagnetic sounding (CSEM); and magnetotelluric sounding (MT). Supplementary data sets included swath bathymetry, gravity and magnetics. Analyses of the major components of the experiment show clearly that the sub-axial geophysical structure is dominated by the presence and distribution of aqueous and magmatic fluids. The AVR is underlain by a significant crustal magma body, at a depth of 2.5 km below the sea surface. The magma body is characterized by low seismic velocities constrained by the wide-angle seismic data; a seismic reflection from its upper surface; and a region of anomalously low electrical resistivity constrained by the CSEM data. It includes a thin, ribbon-like melt lens at the top of the body and a much larger region containing at least 20 per cent melt in a largely crystalline mush zone, which flanks and underlies the melt lens. RAMESSES is the first experiment to provide convincing evidence of a significant magma body beneath a slow spreading ridge. The result provides strong support for a model of crustal accretion at slow spreading rates in which magma chambers similar to those at intermediate and fast spreading ridges play a key role in crustal accretion, but are short-lived rather than steady-state features. The magma body can exist for only a small proportion of a tectono-magmatic cycle, which controls crustal accretion, and has a period of at least 20 000 years. These findings have major implications for the temporal patterns of generation and migration of basaltic melt in the mantle, and of its delivery into the crust, beneath slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges.


Smart grids are intelligent power transmission networks that monitor and control communication participants and grid nodes to ensure bidirectional flow of information and power between all nodes. To secure the smart grid, it is very important to design the key agreement protocol. The pairing-free certificateless two-party authenticated key agreement protocol has been widely studied and applied as a basic core protocol to protect the security of the smart grid. Until now, various protocols have been proposed, and these protocols are being introduced and operated not only in smart grid, but also in smart cities, healthcare, and vehicle ad hoc networks. In this paper, we analyzed the security properties of two recently proposed pairing-free certificateless two-party authenticated key agreement protocols for Smart grid. According to our analysis, these two protocols are insecure against basic impersonation attacks of malicious key-generator centers, man-in-the-middle attacks of malicious key generator centers, and key offset attacks. We also found and pointed out some errors in the descriptions of these protocols.


I discuss the difficulty and promise of offering an executive MBA OBHR course via an asynchronous, web-based course delivery medium. After a discussion of the rationale and trends in delivering thi...


Background
Difficulty discriminating bacterial from viral infections drives antibacterial misuse. Host gene expression tests discriminate bacterial and viral etiologies, but their clinical utility has not been evaluated.

Methods
Host gene expression and procalcitonin levels were measured in 582 emergency department participants with suspected infection. We also recorded clinician diagnosis and clinician-recommended treatment. These 4 diagnostic strategies were compared with clinical adjudication as the reference. To estimate the clinical impact of host gene expression, we calculated the change in overall Net Benefit (∆NB; the difference in Net Benefit comparing 1 diagnostic strategy with a reference) across a range of prevalence estimates while factoring in the clinical significance of false-positive and -negative errors.

Results
Gene expression correctly classified bacterial, viral, or noninfectious illness in 74.1% of subjects, similar to the other strategies. Clinical diagnosis and clinician-recommended treatment revealed a bias toward overdiagnosis of bacterial infection resulting in high sensitivity (92.6% and 94.5%, respectively) but poor specificity (67.2% and 58.8%, respectively), resulting in a 33.3% rate of inappropriate antibacterial use. Gene expression offered a more balanced sensitivity (79.0%) and specificity (80.7%), which corresponded to a statistically significant improvement in average weighted accuracy (79.9% vs 71.5% for procalcitonin and 76.3% for clinician-recommended treatment; P<.0001 for both). Consequently, host gene expression had greater Net Benefit in diagnosing bacterial infection than clinician-recommended treatment (∆NB=6.4%) and procalcitonin (∆NB=17.4%).

Conclusions
Host gene expression-based tests to distinguish bacterial and viral infection can facilitate appropriate treatment, improving patient outcomes and mitigating the antibacterial resistance crisis.


This paper presents a new optical heterodyne detection scheme based on subcarrier modulation,it is simulated by Optisystem.Heterodyne Gain has been calculated in this paper.Main factors affecting the system including polarization state of signal optical,laser line width and local optical power has been analyzed.Simulation results show that heterodyne gain decreases if polarization state of signal optical and local optical are not in the same direction.When two beams are both linear polarization,the maximum gain is 11.64389dB which is in coincident with theory.The sensitivity of receiver is reduced with laser line width increasing,BER reaches 10-9 and maximun line width is not beyond 25KHz.Increasing of local optical power can improve sensitivity,but the increase is finite.A best local optical power exists.When the power is bigger than the best one,however SNR is reduced.


The general pattern of erythromycin distribution and excretion was studied in 10 rats after intravenous administration of N-methyl-C14-erythromycin.

Erythromycin was rapidly metabolized in the liver, mainly through demethylation process, and excreted in the bile as des-N-methyl-erythromycin. The isotopic methyl group was eliminated in the expired air as C14O2.

Erythromycin and its metabolites quickly got into the intestinal tract, chiefly by way of bile and in part by direct passage through the intestinal wall.

At the end of 20 hours after administration of isotopic erythromycin in rats, about 37-43 per cent of the injected radioactivity was recovered in the intestinal tract plus feces; 27-36 per cent in the urine; and 21-29 per cent in the expired air.

There was a general distribution of radioactivity in various tissues of rats following isotopic erythromycin administration. Concentrations of radioactivity were found to be high in the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, adrenals, submaxillary glands and lungs in addition to urine, bile, feces and intestinal tract; low in skin, fat and brain; and intermediate in other tissues.

Intracellular distribution studies indicated that erythromycin and its metabolites were capable of entering various cellular components of the liver.


Easy-to-use dipstick tests for lead have been developed by immobilizing nanoparticle-DNAzyme conjugates on lateral flow devices and their application for detecting lead in paints is demonstrated.


In patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), there is no consensus on the sequential use of two existing regimens: post-operative Gliadel implantation into the surgical cavity and concomitant temozolomide with radiotherapy followed by adjuvant temozolomide ('Stupp protocol'). NICE in the guideline TA121 (July 2007) could not pass any judgement on the sequential use of both the regimens due to lack of evidence at the time of consultation. Since then, few prospective studies and retrospective series have been reported using these two regimens sequentially. Except in one study, results were indicative of an incremental gain of 2–3 months in median survival in comparison to the published results using Gliadel or 'Stupp Protocol' alone. Post-surgical complications were manageable and within an acceptable range, when the sequential regimen was managed under defined guidelines and surgery was performed in a high volume centre. Moderate degree of increased myelosuppression has been reported in few series, however. In the absence of a phase III trial and the small number of patients in each series, the reported trend of toxicities and efficacy could only be substantiated by setting up a national database. Contributing to such a national database and toxicity recording could be made mandatory through peer review programme for the neurooncological services. Based on the preclinical and albeit lower level of clinical evidence, demonstrating temporal and spatial co-operation between two regimens (Gliadel and 'Stupp Protocol'), resulting in incremental 2–3 months median survival gain, should enable NICE in its next review to issue a favourable guidance. Depending on the number of patients eligible for such a sequential regimen, which could be 15%–25% of Glioblastoma patients diagnosed in England per annum, the additional annual cost of concomitant temozolomide would be approximately £640,000 to £1 million.


Cloud computing is an emerging computing paradigm that offers the concept of time shared remote services with attractive technological and financial advantages. The infrastructure uses new technology and services which have not been fully evaluated with respect to security. A few of the concerns include data security, expectations, trust, regulations and performance issues. Cloud computing environments are multi-domain in which each domain can use different security, privacy and trust requirements and potentially employ various mechanisms, interfaces and semantics. The domain may represent individually enabled services or other infrastructural or application components. Service Oriented Architecture facilitates such multi domain formation through service composition and orchestration. As the shape of the cloud computing is emerging and rapidly developing conceptually and in reality, the issues such as contractual, service quality, interoperability, security and privacy issues pose serious challenges. In this paper an attempt is made to identify the challenges and suggest technological solutions to mitigate these challenges and facilitate ubiquitous adoption of this technology.


The first application of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) in urology was its injection into the urinary sphincter to treat neurogenic detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in quadriplegic men. Since that first report in the eighties, the results of focal BTA injections into the sphincter, the bladder wall and lately into the prostate, have raised the interest of the urology community in this promising new therapeutic modality. An evidence-based review is presented of current indications, techniques and outcome of BTA injections into the urethral sphincter.


Understanding, mapping, and repairing the central nervous system would benefit from a better comprehension of how sensory stimuli information is conveyed by the neural activity underlying animal behavior. In this way, a promising approach, neural decoding, include machine-learning methods that associate patterns of brain activity with sensory stimuli. By solving a regression or classification problem, decoding contributes to highlighting the features from neural activity that best relate to a target variable. In this work, we built a support vector machine decoder coupled with a recursive feature selection algorithm to investigate the relevance of three distinct aspects of neural activity in an active tactile discrimination experiment involving rodents. Considering simultaneous recordings from a population of single-neuron spikes and local field potentials from the prefrontal, posterior parietal, primary sensory and visual cortices of nine Long-Evans rats, we were able to decode animal behavioral choices with approximately 95% of accuracy. When only the 30 most informative features from neural activity were used, accuracy values marginally decreased, indicating that a reduced set of features convey most of stimuli information, at least from the decoder perspective. Importantly, all regions contributed with features, and no single feature was associated to high classification accuracy. In addition to further unveiling the distributed nature of information processing in the brain, our results suggest that efficient brain-machine interfaces may be built with a reduced set of features.


This paper introduces a novel method for the specification and selection of criteria-weighted operation modes for the orchestration of services in industrial automation using Petri nets. The objective is to provide to the internal decision support system of a service-oriented automation device or of another applicable computational system the capability to select the best path in a Petri net orchestration model considering different criteria to evaluate the quality of services, such as the time, energy efficiency and reliability. The transition-invariants obtained from the Petri net represent the set of possible modi operandi and these are then weighted with decision criteria. The result will be afterwards evaluated in order to select the optimal modus operandi to be executed by the device. Based on the experiments, this method permits the dynamic optimization of processes in real-time, considering available parameters from devices and other resources.


Microcystins are one of indicators for water quality. It is important to detect microcystins in environment water as the determination is the base of water pollution evaluation and toxin control. Recent development on source, chemical structure and characteristics of microcystins in nature water was reviewed, with emphasis on detection method of microcystins.


Conversational information seeking (CIS) is playing an increasingly important role in connecting people to information. Due to a lackof suitable resources, previous studies on CIS are limited to thestudy of conceptual frameworks, laboratory-based user studies, or a particular aspect of CIS (e.g., asking clarifying questions). In this work, we make three main contributions to facilitate research into CIS: (1) We formulate a pipeline for CIS with six subtasks: intent detection, keyphrase extraction, action prediction, query selection, passage selection, and response generation. (2) We release a benchmark dataset, called wizard of search engine (WISE), which allows for comprehensive and in-depth research on all aspects of CIS. (3) We design a neural architecture capable of training and evaluating both jointly and separately on the six sub-tasks, and devise a pre-train/fine-tune learning scheme, that can reduce the requirements of WISE in scale by making full use of available data. We report useful characteristics of the CIS task based on statistics of the WISE dataset. We also show that our best performing model variant is able to achieve effective CIS. We release the dataset, code as well as evaluation scripts to facilitate future research by measuring further improvements in this important research direction.


We propose a fast restoration method for bandwidth-variable paths against single link failure in large-scale networks. This method achieves 50-ms service recovery time in 10K-path-scale ring networks while suppressing required network resources.


A tooth punching device is used for punching teeth of workpieces to be subjected to tooth punching and comprises a horizontal slider, a fixing block, a template, a supporting table, a grinding wheel and a longitudinal slider. The horizontal slider drives the fixing block to move in the horizontal direction in a reciprocating mode, and the fixing block is rotatably connected with the horizontal slider. A matching face is arranged on the side face, away from the fixing block, of the template, and the matching face is the same as a tooth punching face of a workpiece to be subjected to tooth punching in shape. The supporting table supports the template, a rolling shaft is arranged at the top end of the supporting table, and the template is pressed and held on the rolling shaft. The grinding wheel is arranged on the side, away from the horizontal slider, of the fixing block, opposite to the workpiece to be subjected to tooth punching, and rotatably arranged on the longitudinal slider. The longitudinal slider is used for driving the grinding wheel to get close to or get away from the workpiece to be subjected to tooth punching. The tooth punching device is suitable for tooth punching faces in different shapes and can automatically carry out tooth punching on the tooth punching faces in different shapes, and sawteeth after grinding are evenly arranged and consistent in size. The invention further provides a tooth punching method.


This article not only analyses briefly the necessity of reinforcing the bridge,along with introducing the mechanism and construction techniques,but also analyses the calculating theory of anti-curve,anti-shear and the length of anchoraging of stick steel,through the comparison and selection of reinforcement plan for a certain bridge,the method of stick steel can be recognized to be economy and suitable.The reinforcement practice indicates that the method of stick steel technology is feasible,it brings the convenience of construction and low cost,the experiment of completing stick steel indicates that the reinforcement can achieve the destination of improving the bearing capacity of the bridge.A valuable reference was supplied for seminar engineering design.


In this paper we consider Fourier multiplier operators between vector-valued Besov spaces with different integrability exponents $p$ and $q$, which depend on the type $p$ and cotype $q$ of the underlying Banach spaces. In a previous paper we considered $L^p$-$L^q$-multiplier theorems. In the current paper we show that in the Besov scale one can obtain results with optimal integrability exponents. Moreover, we derive a sharp result in the $L^p$-$L^q$-setting as well.
We consider operator-valued multipliers without smoothness assumptions. The results are based on a Fourier multiplier theorem for functions with compact Fourier support. If the multiplier has smoothness properties then the boundedness of the multiplier operator extrapolates to other values of $p$ and $q$ for which $\frac1p - \frac1q$ remains constant.


The recent advancement of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) contributed to robotics by allowing automatic controller design. The automatic controller design is a crucial approach for designing swarm robotic systems, which require more complex controllers than a single robot system to lead a desired collective behaviour. Although the DRL-based controller design method showed its effectiveness, the reliance on the central training server is a critical problem in real-world environments where robot-server communication is unstable or limited. We propose a novel Federated Learning (FL) based DRL training strategy (FLDDPG) for use in swarm robotic applications. Through the comparison with baseline strategies under a limited communication bandwidth scenario, it is shown that the FLDDPG method resulted in higher robustness and generalisation ability into a different environment and real robots, while the baseline strategies suffer from the limitation of communication bandwidth. This result suggests that the proposed method can benefit swarm robotic systems operating in environments with limited communication bandwidth, e.g., in high-radiation, underwater, or subterranean environments.


SERVIR, a joint NASA-USAID initiative that brings Earth observations (EO) for improved environmental decision making in developing countries, works with established institutions, called SERVIR hubs, in four regions around the world. SERVIR is partnering with global programs with great experience in providing best practices in forest monitoring systems, such as SilvaCarbon and the Global Forest Observation Initiative (GFOI), to develop a capacity building plan that prioritizes user needs. Representatives from the SERVIR global network met in February 2017 with experts in the field of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for forest applications to envisage this capacity building plan that aims to leverage the state-of-the-art knowledge on remote sensing to enhance forest monitoring for user agencies in SERVIR regions. Abstract 4Build capacity to process SAR datasets to monitor forests and estimate biomass


April 16–17—A severe magnetic storm began with abrupt movements of all elements at 21h 28m GMT, April 16, and at 0lh 57m, April 17. Thereafter the storm increased rapidly with large bays and short-period vibrations. The storm ended about 23h GMT, April 17; but the trace remained moderately disturbed for several days. Ranges: D, 238″; H, 1569 gammas; Z, 910 gammas.

April 23—A moderate disturbance of large bays, began gradually and was followed by an abrupt motion of the elements at 05h 52m GMT, April 23. After the 15th hour the disturbance gradually subsided and ended about 02h, April 24. The H-maximum was too great to be recorded. Ranges: D, 158″; H, 1304 gammas (estimated); Z, 590 gammas.


In the previous paper ('On the Norman Settlement and Anglo-Saxon Knights', the Studies in Western History, vol. 123, 1981, pp. 33ff), the present author suggested that when we probed deeply into the actual circumstances of the Norman settlement in rural society in England, one of the chief obstacles was the fact that after the Norman Conquest, a lot of English people changed their names from the Saxon to the Norman style. Mr. M.T. Clanchy, in his recent work (England and its Rulers 1066-1272, Oxford, 1983), also maintained that "One reason why it was difficult to decide who was Norman and who was English by Fitz Nigel's time was that most freemen by then used non-English personal names like 'Richard' and 'Robert' (pp. 56f)." It is, however, also difficult to decide how they had changed their own names. Nobody has given a precise answer to this simple question. So the purpose of this paper is to unravel some of the hidden processes of the Saxon's changing names. For this purpose I used Textus Roffensis as a main source and therefore set geographical and time limits for this study within Kent c. 1086-1120, in order to avoid generalizing the results. It, however, goes without sayimg that they cannot be merely disposed as one exception. The research into Textus Roffensis leads me to the following conclusions. First, (1) Some Saxons, especially local figures in villages had changed their names after the continental style such as Robert in order to form close connection with Norman settlers ; Rodberto Latimi, et 〓lfuuino frater ejus praeposito de Chetham (Textus Roffensis fo. 212r). In the second place, (2) Under this condition, some used French names as common or additional name : quidam Uulfuuardus, cognomine henricus de Hou (Textus Roffensis, fo. 183r). As time went on, a common name seemed to become a real name and an aboriginal one seemed to disappear. Thirdly, (3) the parents gave continental names to most of their children, although some of them were named in the Saxon style. "Evidently each new generation gave a larger proportion of its children foreign names, as Norman rule and French fashions became more normal, until by 1200 the great majority of freemen in southern England at least had ceased to bear English names (Clanchy, op. cit., p. 57). Notes 論文 Genre Journal Article URL https://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=AN00100104-1991040 0-0001 慶應義塾大学学術情報リポジトリ(KOARA)に掲載されているコンテンツの著作権は、それぞれの著作者、学会または出版社/発行者に帰属し、その権利は著作権法によって 保護されています。引用にあたっては、著作権法を遵守してご利用ください。 The copyrights of content available on the KeiO Associated Repository of Academic resources (KOARA) belong to the respective authors, academic societies, or publishers/issuers, and these rights are protected by the Japanese Copyright Act. When quoting the content, please follow the Japanese copyright act. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)


An Egyptian bronze statuette of the god Osiris has been discovered along with other ritual deities' statuettes and other metallic ritual equipment at Sais. It was temporarily inventoried with number 31/12/26/11C at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Its period, its specific burial place, and the certain excavation date were unknown. The statuette is an uncommon case; it was heavily corroded, covered with a thick crust of green corrosion products, has textile impression, missing its head, and has an unusual deep crack into its feet. It was examined, analyzed and conserved. Visual and stylistic examinations revealed that it is most probably dating to the Third Intermediate Period (1070-664 BC) or the Late Period (664-323 BC). Its style belongs to the Lower Egyptian style, and the direct solid lost-wax technique was used in the manufacturing process. Stereo-microscopic images revealed the Pseudomorph phenomenon on its surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the main compositions of the corrosion layer are oxychlorides, carbonates and sulphates covering copper and tin oxides. Structural examination and the elemental analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with dispersive spectrometry (EDS) proved that the statuette was made of bronze material of Cu-Sn-Pb alloy. The high amounts of tin and lead affected on the mechanical properties of the bronze alloy and surely on its deterioration. Mechanical cleaning was applied so as to remove the superficial deposits / encrustations in a controlled and minimally obstructive way and then reaching a smooth layer which preserves the detail and shape. The surface of the Osiris statuette was protected with a corrosion inhibitor and protected against further corrosion attack with a protective coating.


The object of this review article is to introduce and digest Yamakawa's new book, "Helical Wormlike Chains in Polymer Solutions." A brief description is given of a new model for polymer chains, called the helical wormlike chain, and its applications to dilute solution behavior of polymers, that is, equilibrium, steady-state transport, and dynamical properties. The description follows most of the chapters of the book. It is shown that all theoretical and experimental investigations on the basis of this model provide a new framework of polymer solution science, which takes the place of the Flory–Kirkwood framework.


In sequencing batch reactor aerobic granular sludge was cultivated, and the influence of influent C/N ratio to aerobic granular sludge was studied. The results showed that the granulation and the settling ability of the sludge were poor in high C/N, however, low C/N was beneficial to the accumulation of microorganism in reactor and MLSS could reach to as high as 8740 mg/L. Lower C/N ratio would lead to increase of particle size and disintegrate of loose structure and overgrowth on filamentous microbe, these were disadvantage of the stability of the system. It was not obvious that influent C/N ratio affected on the organic removal. The COD removal maintained at 87% after the preliminary form particles were formed in reactor. When C/N ratio was 100:15~100:35, the phosphorus removal efficiency was good. If C/N ratio was too high or too low, the formation of sludge granulation would be affected in the process. The influence of C/N ratio to ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was obvious. While C/N ratio was 100:10, granular sludge had good simultaneous nitrification and denitrification performance, and the average removal of ammonia nitrogen attained to 91%. But low C/N ratio was able to inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. At that time, ammonia nitrogen removal rate declined sharply in the system.


The power grid in the western rural areas is weak, and the investment in photovoltaic and wind power poverty alleviation does not consider supporting transmission and distribution facilities. The biogas used to treat biomass waste is affected by seasonal temperature changes. The economical operation is not good. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes to use As the energy supply structure of the cold-heat-electricity-gas multi-energy flow rural micro-energy network with renewable energy in the gas source, the corresponding multi-energy flow micro-energy network scheduling model is established to solve the problem of premature particle swarm optimization and easy to fall into local optimum. To solve the problem, a hybrid particle swarm algorithm that dynamically adjusts the inertia weight is proposed to solve the problem. The results of the calculation example show that the daily operation cost of the system can be effectively reduced by scheduling the equipment in the system. Compared with the basic particle swarm optimization, the cost is reduced by 7.6%, and the daily operating cost is reduced by 79.1% compared with the unoptimized system. The economic operation of the energy network proves the correctness of this model and algorithm.


This study was undertaken to determine the effect of transient overexpression of hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase on low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol transport in mice lacking LDL receptors (LDL receptor−/−). Primary overexpression of hepatic 7α-hydroxylase in LDL receptor−/− mice was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in the rate of LDL cholesterol appearance in plasma (whole body LDL cholesterol transport) and a corresponding reduction in circulating LDL cholesterol levels. The increase in hepatic 7α-hydroxylase activity necessary to achieve a 50% reduction in plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations was ∼10-fold. In comparison, cholestyramine increased hepatic 7α-hydroxylase activity ∼3-fold and reduced plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations by 17%. This study demonstrates that augmentation of hepatic 7α-hydroxylase expression is an effective strategy for lowering plasma LDL concentrations even in animals with a genetic absence of LDL receptors.


PURPOSE: A conductive polyethersulfone resin composition is provided to increase the conductivity of the polyethersulfone resin highly and maintain physical property by preventing discontinuation between carbon nanotubes and maximizing dispersibility. CONSTITUTION: A conductive polyethersulfone resin composition comprises a polyethersulfone resin, a carbon nanotube, and an additive which is chemical formula 1. A manufacturing method of the conductive polyethersulfone resin composition comprises: a master batch preparation step manufacturing a master batch by mixing a first polyethersulfone resin, carbon nanotubes, and additive; a mixing step manufacturing a mixture by mixing the master batch with a second polyethersulfone resin; and an extrusion step manufacturing the conductive polyethersulfone resin by extruding the mixture.


Abstract: To investigate the subcellular compartments that are involved in the endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors, we have studied the distribution and properties of clonazepam‐displaceable binding of [3H]flunitrazepam to membrane fractions from rat brain. The microsomal fraction was subjected to density centrifugation and gel filtration to isolate clathrin‐coated vesicles. Homogeneity of the coated‐vesicle fraction was demonstrated by using electron microscopy and by analysis of clathrin subunits and clathrin light‐chain kinase. Vesicles exhibiting specific binding of [3H]flunitrazepam eluted from the sieving gel as a separate peak, which was coincident with that for coated vesicles. Scatchard analysis of equilibrium binding of [3H]flunitrazepam to coated vesicles yielded a KD value of 21 ± 4.7 nM and a Bmax value of 184 ± 28 fmol/mg. The KD value for coated vesicles was 12‐19‐fold that found with microsomal or crude synaptic membranes. This low‐affinity benzodiazepine receptor was not identified on any other subcellular fraction and thus appears to be a novel characteristic of coated vesicles. The Bmaxvalue for coated vesicles, expressed per milligram of protein, corresponded to 16 and 115% of that found for crude synaptic and microsomal membrane fractions, respectively. Because the trafficking of neurotransmitter receptors via clathrin‐coated vesicles is most likely to occur through endocytosis, the data suggest that an endocytotic pathway may be involved in the removal of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors from the neuronal surfaces of the rat brain. This mechanism could play a role in receptor sequestration and down‐regulation that is produced by exposure to GABA and benzodiazepine agonists.


In this investigation, Genetic diversity (GD) analysis of forty two elite Indian wheat genotypes representing different agro-climatic zones of India was determined using set of sixteen STS and 36 SSR markers. In total, 86 alleles were detected and polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.09 ( Xwmc227 ) to 0.99 ( Xgwm165 ) with a mean of 0.56, indicating sufficient discrimination by markers. Among the seven homologous chromosome groups, GD was highest in group 4 followed by lowest in group 3 and 6. The B- genome contained the highest mean number of alleles (2.6) followed by the A- and D- genomes (2.3 and 2.1, respectively). Cluster analysis based on SSRs and quality protein markers identified three distinct clusters. Principal component analysis (PCA) obtained from molecular data shows that the first two components justified 38.04% of total variance. Further, these elite lines were also characterized for HMW using SDS-PAGE. For the Glu-1 loci, 10 alleles were detected, 3 at the Glu-A1 locus, 5 at the Glu-B1 and 2 at the Glu-D1. The range of frequency in 10 HMW-GS combination was 3.2% to 74.2% in the advanced lines. At the Glu-D1 locus, the subunits 1Dx5+1Dy10 was present in 74.2% of the lines followed by the subunit 1Dx2+1Dy12 with a frequency of 25.8%. The subunit 1Dx5+1Dy10 was predominantly observed in these advanced lines having a stronger effect on bread making quality. This study provides evidence about genetic divergence and distinctness including quality traits in elite Indian wheat genotypes evaluated under the umbrella of All India coordinated wheat and barley improvement programme and serve as new source of genetic variation for wheat improvement.


The growth of open-access technical publications and other open-domain textual information sources means that there is an increasing amount of online technical material that is in principle available to all, but in practice, incomprehensible to most. We propose to address the task of helping readers comprehend complex technical material, by using statistical methods to model the "prerequisite structure" of a corpus --- i.e., the semantic impact of documents on an individual reader's state of knowledge. Experimental results using Wikipedia as the corpus suggest that this task can be approached by crowd-sourcing the production of ground-truth labels regarding prerequisite structure, and then generalizing these labels using a learned classifier which combines signals of various sorts. The features that we consider relate pairs of pages by analyzing not only textual features of the pages, but also how the containing corpora is connected and created.


It has long been known that, under the assumption of the Riemann Hypothesis, one can give upper and lower bounds for the error ∑ p≤x log p−x in the Prime Number Theorem, such bounds being within a factor of (log x)2 of each other and this fact being equivalent to the Riemann Hypothesis. In this paper we show that, provided "Riemann Hypothesis" is replaced by "Generalized Riemann Hypothesis", results of similar (often greater) precision hold in the case of the corresponding formula for the representation of an integer as the sum of k primes for k ≥ 4, and, in a mean square sense, for k ≥ 3. We also sharpen, in most cases to best possible form, the original estimates of Hardy and Littlewood which were based on the assumption of a "Quasi-Riemann Hypothesis". We incidentally give a slight sharpening to a well-known exponential sum estimate of Vinogradov-Vaughan.


Anthropometry attributes are among the contributing factors needed to ensure the good performance of athletes. Anthropometry attributes can also be used as an indicator for other fitness components. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between anthropometry attributes and cardiovascular fitness among male Universiti Putra Malaysia futsal athletes. A total of 14 male university futsal athletes participated in this study. Anthropometry measurements taken in this study were height, weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and skeletal muscle percentage. For cardiovascular fitness test, several tests were conducted which were the Beep test, Illinois agility test and Running Anaerobic Strength Test (RAST). The correlation test showed that weight, BMI, and body fat percentage have a negative relationship with VO2 max and a positive relationship with the fatigue index. On the other hand, skeletal muscle percentage showed a positive relationship with VO2 max. The results show that anthropometry attributes have a relationship with cardiovascular fitness, especially VO2 max.


Poverty as a major problem that hinderd economic and social development of Yunnan Province.With successive years of efforts to alleviate poverty,the number of poverty in Yunnan Province has dropped significantly.But in some of the harsh natural environment of mountains and ethnic minority areas,there are a lot of poverty-stricken people who still living very hardship.We make attempt to use the incidence of poverty in Yunnan Province as the Citis classification index.And we try to express the spatial distribution of poverty in Yunnan Province with GIS technology.Then we will do the space classification.According to differences in space classification of the poverty,we will look for the major factors of poverty of districts.Finally in accordance with the main factor which leading to the different poverty we will provide some appropriate strategies to decrease the poverty.


Case Report A 29-year-old woman with a history of advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) that was resistant to standard of care treatments presented to our phase I clinic seeking treatment with experimental therapeutics. The patient was diagnosed with ACC 11 years before presentation and had been treated with surgery, radiation therapy, and several lines of conventional treatments including platinums, antracyclines, and imatinib mesylate. Eleven months before being seen in our clinic, the patient had developed a brain metastasis that had been surgically resected. A personalized tumorgraft was successfully established from this lesion by the implantation of fragments of tumor materials in immunecompromised mice as described by our group. At the time of presentation, the patient had pulmonary and liver metastasis and, compared with a computed tomography (CT) scan performed 6 months before, was progressing with the growth of a preexisting liver metastasis (Fig 1, before baseline CT scan, black arrow) and development of a new liver lesion, as depicted in Figure 1 (upper panel). Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a stable 2-mm brain lesion (Fig 1, lower panel, black arrows). The patient was asymptomaticwithEasternCooperativeOncologyGroupperformancestatusof 0 and normal liver, bone marrow, and kidney functions. To determine which phase I clinical studies could be more appropriate for the patient, we characterized her tumor for KRAS mutations and HER2 amplification and found the tumor to be KRAS wild type and not HER2 amplified, respectively (Table 1). Because the patient had a personalized tumorgraft model developed from her brain metastases, we used the model to evaluate a battery of anticancer agents, both conventional and experimental. Briefly, a tumor specimen obtained at the time of removal of her brain tumor had been transplanted and propagated in nude mice. Once the tumor specimen was in an exponential growth phase, cohorts of mice with tumor sizes of 0.15 to 0.3 mL were randomized to several treatment groups. The results of these studies are listed in Figure 2A (FGFR1, fibroblast


In assessing college womens intentions to tell their partners to use condoms every time they have sexual intercourse the present study examined the applicability of the theory of reasoned action (TORA Fishbein and Ajzen 1975) and the additional prediction contributed by Ajzens (1985) perceived behavioral control and Triandis (1977) emotional reaction variables. 312 female college students completed a questionnaire designed to measure the aforementioned constructs. Consistent with TORA the results suggested that these womens intentions were significantly predicted from attitudes and subjective norms. Regarding the effects of the two additional variables only emotional reaction increased the prediction of intentions beyond that explained by TORA whereas perceived behavioral control did not improve the prediction. Both conceptual and applied implications of these findings for health interventions to increase condom use were discussed. (authors)


Method of moment(MoM) is an effective numerical method for calculating electromagnetic scattering. In this paper, we derive the numerical formula for calculating the mono-static radar cross section(RCS) of chaff, and obtain the relationship between mono-static RCS of chaff with different lengths and the incident angle of radar wave. The parameter of average mono-static RCS of chaff per unit mass is introduced, and the relationships between the scattering parameter and the length and diameter of chaff are calculated. The simulation results show that the scattering parameter exhibits resonant peaks when the lengths of chaff are slightly less than integer multiples of half wavelength, and the peak values decrease with the increase of chaff's lengths. The scattering parameter is also related to the chaff's diameter. For 3 cm incident wave, when the diameter of chaff is near 17μm, the scattering parameter reaches the maximum value.


I want to thank President Dennis Lockhart and the staff at the Atlanta Fed for putting together a very topical and engaging conference, and for inviting me to take part on this panel. A session on money market mutual funds is particularly relevant, given the changes enacted in 2010 and the additional proposals that the SEC has been developing. Of course, I want to note that the views I express today are my own, not necessarily those of my colleagues on the Federal Reserve's Board of Governors or the Federal Open Market Committee (the FOMC).


We present a shape-changing mobile device, Bendi, which enables tactile-visual interactions in real time during phone conversations. It allows users to generate shape-changing movements such upward or downward bending, left or right tilting, and shrinking from the user's joystick input to the other party's device. Bendi is divided into the upper part that represents small and fast movements and the lower part that represents larger movements. We designed that users can have phone conversations with Bendi while holding the device in the hand and wearing an earphone, because this is one of natural phone calling postures.


A PON-based enterprise network is proposed for cost-effective and energy-efficient upgrade to future 10Gb/s fiber to the desktop. Energy-aware resource optimization schemes employed herein are shown to significantly improve energy efficiency compared to the ones currently under investigation.


all is Bullen's decision to omit any extended discussion of Burckhardt's Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, which he judged outside the scope of his work, since Burckhardt was not well known in England until 1878 when the first English translation of his book came out. In his conclusion, Bullen notes sadly that in the twentieth century Renaissance historiography lost its "danger" (its aura of political and sexual apostasy), having been finally "tamed by scholarship" (298).


The COVID-19 pandemic has infected tens of millions of individuals around the world, and it is currently posing a worldwide health calamity. Wearing a face mask in public places is one of the most effective protection strategies, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Moreover, their effectiveness has declined due to incorrect use of the face mask. In this scenario, effective recognition systems are anticipated to ensure that people's faces are covered with masks in public locations. Many people do not correctly wear the masks due to inadequate practices, undesirable behaviour, or individual vulnerabilities. As a result, there has been an increase in demand for automatic real-time face mask detection and mask position detection to substitute manual reminders. This proposed work classifies people into three categories such as with mask, without mask and mask with incorrect position. The dataset is tested using three different variants of object detection models, namely YOLOv4, Tiny YOLOv4, and YOLOv5. The experimental result shows that YOLOv5 model outperforms with the highest mAP value of 99.40% compared to the other two models.


ADC based on using the transient process in RC-circuit patented by the authors is presented. This ADC is conditionally called RC-ADC. The task was: to compare the conversion speed of RC-ADC and successive approximation ADC. An experimental sample of RC-ADC was built on the basis of ATmega16 AVR Microcontroller. As successive approximation ADC has been considered 10 bit ADC of AVR Microcontrollers.During the study of RC-ADC there were obtained results on the basis of which it could be affirmed, that the RC-ADC with the Microcontroller clock frequency of 10 MHz is not inferior in conversion speed of successive approximation ADC with the clock frequency of 100 kHz. RC-�Dabsolute error is slightly higher than ADC AVR Microcontroller error. The article describes the sequence of time calculation needed for Microcontroller for one cycle of analog-to-digital conversion in RC-ADC. There are general Algorithm of RC-ADC work, timing Diagram for explaining the operation of RC-ADC and Oscillogram of capacitor voltage change in RC-circuit. This proposed RC-ADC can be implemented on the basis of the following elements: integrated circuits, programmable logic integrated circuits and Microcontrollers. Perhaps, the considered RC-ADC in comparison with the known ADC will be more versatile and simple for technical implementation.


Understanding crude oil/brine interface chemistry is essential to elucidating the effect of low-salinity waterflooding (LSWF) on enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The acid and base functional groups in ...


The crown out Attachimento includes a female member 65 which is coupled to a prosthesis tooth can be secured to the natural tooth or implant, and a male member having adjacent portion 51. The adjacent portion has at least one longitudinal groove 20 or longitudinal ribs on each of the two longitudinal sides, these and corresponding longitudinal ribs 30 or longitudinal grooves of the female member engages secure connection is made. Adjacent unit also has a bearing surface facing the at least one of the occlusal side, the support surface of the female member is supported on said supporting Seung surface. Female member includes a housing, with the housing, and longitudinal ribs 30 or longitudinal grooves of the female member and the supporting surface is formed as an integral member.


The invention provides an AODV-based link interruption prediction and restoration method. It is required that a node recognizes and detects a received data packet and source node information, destination node information and sender route depth information of a route channel where the data packet is located are maintained in a customized data structure; and through comparison of information in the data structure, when to carry out route repairing is determined. By the method provided by the invention, a source node is avoided from initiating the route establishment process again. Meanwhile, by selecting the shortest repair path, link communication efficiency is effectively raised, link stability is enhanced, and control packet cost is minimized.


This paper presents the scientific case for a next generation adaptive optics instrument at the VLT, temporarily named "Planet Finder", that is aimed at detecting and characterizing extrasolar planets through the direct analysis of their emitted photons in the visible and at near-IR wavelengths. We discuss the observational niche of such an instrument to have first light in 2010, in complement to other planet search methods. To improve the efficiency (and consistency) of the search for planets with the PF, the observations will need to be organized in the form of an extensive survey of hundreds of nearby stars, predicted outputs of which are also described here. This summarizes the study phase of the instrument, conducted by two competitive teams and the recent merging of both studies, regarding the scientific impact of Planet Finder.


Kwang-Hyun Baek is a full Professor at the Graduate School of Life Science and Biotechnology and a vice-director of the Cell and Gene Therapy Research Institute at CHA University in Korea. He is the author of more than 70 papers in international peer-reviewed journals and is an editorial board member of several international journals. Current research and clinical interests are in the molecular genetics of recurrent pregnancy loss and polycystic ovary syndrome and gynecological oncology. Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects 4-12% of women of reproductive age, and is specified when two of the three following criteria are present: hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhoea and polycystic ovary morphology by ultrasonography. PCOS is characterized by infertility, obesity and hyperinsulinaemia. However, the aetiology of PCOS has not yet been fully identified due to complex metabolic mechanisms. Many researchers have demonstrated that polymorphisms of putative genes related to symptoms are associated with PCOS. In the reproductive system, energy metabolism and hormonal regulation are important to differentiate granulosa cells in the ovary. Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma (PPAR-G) is a transcription factor, and is known to be associated with insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, it is highly expressed in granulosa cells. It was recently reported that various polymorphisms of PPAR-G are associated with PCOS in different ethnic backgrounds. This study has shown that both Pro12Ala and His447His polymorphisms of PPAR-G are associated with PCOS in a Korean population.


This paper introduces Trinidad Lake modified asphalt and its manufacturing progress,discusses its construction technologies and notices,and discusses its performance and application,which has certain values for modifying natural asphalt into heavy traffic asphalt and increasing pavement quality in our country.


Gas leakage from gas-insulated metal-clad switchgear(GIS) is a main flaw.Focused on this flaw,on the basis of on site investigating analysis for handling leakage,some improvements are suggested after summarizing main causes of failed leakage handlings in Qingdao power supply company.Successful rate of leakage processing is raised from 92% to 98% by the utilizing improving measures.


Training time is an important consideration in classification practices. Various algorithms like SVM usually suffer from high computational cost during the training process. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid classification algorithm, by combining RNN and SVM together. RNN is a rapid neural network with randomly generated input weights, which performs as a fast, light weighted data selector. Selected data by RNN are then used to train an alternative SVM. The definition of crucial data and corresponding selection method is defined for RNN in this paper. We then proposed an intuitive parameter selecting method, so that to use only one parameter in the training process to determine the crucial data margin. Experimental results conducted on artificially generated databases and several public benchmarks show that the proposed method does retrieve equivalent dataset, with significant reduction of the sample number.


Corn stover can be converted into a high market value product via catalytic fast pyrolysis. Specifically, through thermochemical conversion, corn stover can be converted into biocrude oil with a high content of unstable phenols, most notably active phenols, which can readily react with aldehydes to form phenolic resins. Therefore, the higher the content of active phenols, the greater the economic value of biocrude oil. This is due to the potential for active phenols to serve as value-added compounds in the form of phenolic resins. Catalysts can be incorporated to improve the reaction rate and product quality during fast pyrolysis. In this study, the effects of three solid catalysts, dolomite, red mud and HZSM-5(25), on the production of active phenols were investigated. The Folin-ciocalteu (FC) method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were utilized to quantify and classify the types of phenolic derivatives present within the bio-oil. The results showed that active phenols with a content exceeding 70% constituted the largest fraction of the phenol derivatives. The formation of active phenols, especially B-phenols, was enhanced by the incorporation of the catalysts HZSM-5, red mud and dolomite. HZSM-5 and dolomite exhibited the best catalytic effect on the production of A-phenols and B-phenols, respectively. The highest content of C-phenols (47.16%) was achieved when red mud was utilized as a catalyst. With regard to the total content of active phenol derivatives, the catalytic effect of dolomite was better than that of HZSM-5 and red mud. The content of total phenols and active phenols increased as the reaction temperature increased from 450oC to 600oC.


Induction motor drives are employed in many of the industrial applications. The drives output depends on the inverter. Multilevel inverters are generally used in the induction motor drives but the dual inverter fed induction motor drive found more advantageous than the multilevel inverters. The performance of the Induction motor drive with open end winding for various levels of output voltage is presented in this paper. The inverter configuration implemented produces three-level, fourlevel, five-level and six-level in the output voltage waveform. The voltage and current harmonic distortion decreases as the number of levels are increased. The performance of the motor drive with the proposed inverter topology was found effective for sixth level. The simulation analysis of Induction motor drive with dual inverter is carried out in MATLAB-Simulink environment


The use of magnetic separators in the various mineral processing facilities in South Africa is described. A large number are used to recover medium in dense medium plants. The manufacture of various types of magnetic separation machines by three local suppliers is highlighted. The potential use of highgradient and/or high–intensity magnetic separation in the recovery of gold, uranium, and phosphate minerals is discussed.


Objective To observe the effect of Shenghua Tang reducing vagina bleeding with Mifepristone and Misoprostol.Method 98 healthy women(gestational weeks of 10~16 weeks) underwent medicinal abortion with Mifepristone and Misoprostol were divided into three groups.The treatment group was given Shenghua Tang after abortion,the other two groups gave nothing,and the amount and time of vagina bleeding were observed.Results The vagina bleeding time in the treatment group was significantly shorter than the other two groups(P0.001).Vagina bleeding amount of the treatment group was less than the other two groups,but didn't show significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion Shenghua Tang combined with Mifepristone and Misoprostol is effective in reducing vagina bleeding.


2,6-Diaminopurine was acylated with methoxyacetic anhydride to afford 2,6-di(methoxyacetamido)purine at first, then it is reacted with 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-D-arabinofuranose chloride to form 2,6-di(acetamido)-9-(2,3,5- tri-O-benzyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)purine. After de-capping of protecting group situated on amino group of obtained compound was carried out to afford 9-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl) fluoroadenine via diazotization and fluorination in fluoboric acid-tetrahydrofuran. Then the title compound was obtained by (catalytic hydrogenation i.e.) removing its benzyl group (under reduction) with boron trichloride. The overall yield was 30%.


Architecture exists where the world of ideas meets the world of materials. From its general scheme all the way to the joinery of the floorboards, the proposed building should serve a guiding idea. Otherwise, architecture is not architecture but simply functional construction. Theater exists within a similar framework, whereby the actor's work is a mundane manifestation of the elements extracted from the world of ideas, making it the perfect conduit to examine the reconciliation of these oppositions: the mundane and the ethereal, the quotidian and the philosophical, the earth and the heavens... By examining the dichotomous relationship between the tectonic and the stereotomic, the project proposed within these pages provides for a spatial experience that will aid its audience in shedding the entrapments of their daily lives as they proceed towards the auditorium to watch a play. As they move through the building, they will walk through six-foot thick brick walls of heavy stereotomy towards a lighter tectonic environment. As they approach the architectonic auditorium, the horizon, which they could initially only see through small openings within the massive brick walls, becomes more prominent, reminding them of the spherical nature of our world and the existence of an entire universe outside of our frame of reference a phenomenon which is symbolic of the world of ideas that provides us with theater and architecture.


A photopolymerizable holographic material has been obtained and characterized using agent N,N′-dihydroxiethylenbisacrylamide as crosslinking. A sensitivity of 5 mJ/cm2 and a diffraction efficiency around of 70% have been reached for holograms recorded at 633 nm with a spatial frequency of 1000 lines/mm. High sensitivities can be obtained with low intensities, and this is important in applications such as holographic interferometry and the fabrication of holographic optical elements.


We address the issues of clustering and non-global logarithms for jet shapes in the process of production of a Higgs/vector boson associated with a single hard jet at hadron colliders. We perform an analytical fixed-order calculation up to second order in the coupling as well as an all-orders estimation for the specific invariant mass distribution of the highest- p t jet, for various jet algorithms. Our results are derived in the eikonal (soft) limit and are valid up to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We perform a matching of the resummed distribution to next-to-leading order results from MCFM and compare our findings with the outputs of the Monte Carlo event generators Pythia 8 and Herwig 7 . After accounting for non-perturbative effects we compare our results with available experimental data from the CMS collaboration for the Z + jet production. We find good agreement over a wide range of the observable.


Abstract Diel emergence patterns of ten species of Chironomidae from a spring‐fed, woodland stream in Southern Ontario, Canada are described. All species conform to one of three patterns of emergence, unimodal, bimodal or amodal. The effects of light‐ and temperature‐induced emergence cues are discussed. The results of this study are compared with those from other temperate and arctic streams and it is suggested that both light and water temperature changes influence emergence patterns but that endogenous rhythms established during larval life may also play a part. The apparent absence of protandry and sex ratios of emerging adults are also discussed.


Using the next-to-leading order QCD-corrected effective Hamiltonian, charmless exclusive nonleptonic decays of the B s meson into η or η ′ are calculated within the generalized factorization approach. Nonfactorizable contributions are included with two different treatments. Some subtleties involved are discussed.


Michael Burawoy, Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process under Monopoly Capitalism (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press 1979). Richard Edwards, Contested Terrain: The Transformation of the Workplace in the Twentieth Century (New York: Basic Books 1979). Richard M. Pfeffer, Working For Capitalism (New York: Columbia University Press 1979). Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process (New York: Monthly Review Press 1979).


Defects play a pivotal role in the device performance of a photocatalytic, light-emitting, or photovoltaic system. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets are prepared at different calcination temperatures, and the evolution of defects in the system is studied by positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Steady-state PL spectra show that free and defect-bound excitonic emission peaked at 2.78, 2.58, and 2.38 eV are dominant with above-band-gap excitation. Time-resolved PL studies reveal a significant enhancement of excitonic lifetime from 17.4 ns for free exciton to 27.4 ns in case of defect-bound exciton. We provide a direct correlation between the defects observed by PAS and those of the excitonic lifetime found from PL studies. Below-band-gap excitation activates defect emission, and it is characterized by a short carrier lifetime (∼0.14 ns). An excitation power-dependent PL study with 405 nm laser shows a progressive red shift and narrowing of the e...


A genetic algorithm optimization of radial basis function neural network prediction model for the prediction of transformer temperature rising is presented.Firstly,it uses the GA algorithm to optimize the RBF neural network initial value of four parameters including the number of hidden layer nodes,the output weights,the hidden layer basis function centers and width,then it uses the optimized RBF neural network to train samples,which overcomes the random parameters of the traditional neural network.Taking an S9-1000/10 low-loss power transformer as an example for the temperature rising test,the predicted values are compared with measured values and the values based on traditional BP neural network prediction.The results show that transformer temperature rise predicted values using this method is closer to measured values,and this prediction model has better accuracy and adaptability.


The central effects of angiotensin in unanes thetized rats were studied before and after administration of adrenergic blocking drugs. Intraventricular injections of prevented angiotensin-induced drinking, sympathetic stimulation, and vasopressin release. Administration Phentolamine of various β-adrenergic blocking drugs, either intraarterially or intraventricularly, did not alter central angiotensin activity in a manner which could be correlated with β-adrenergic blockade. Local anesthetics inhibited central angiotensin pressor and drinking effects. Centrally administered phentolamine or tetracaine appear to be useful tools for further studies of the actions of angiotensin on the central nervous system.


In this paper the synthesis of novel 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives in a good yield (78-86)%, starting with 1-((4-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)phenyl)diazenyl)naphthalen-2-ol [N1] was achieved successfully. The synthesis procedure started by reacting hydrazide derivative and carbon disulfide. Alkylation of thiol group of 1,3,4-oxadiazole [N1] by sonication using different alkyl halide [methyl iodide, allyl bromide, proprgyl chloride and benzyl chloride] gave compounds [N2-N5]. Another compound [N6] 1,1'-(((5,5'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(sulfanediyl)) bis (1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,2-diyl))bis (4,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-diyl)) bis (naphthalen-2-ol) was prepared by the alkylation of 1,3,4- oxadiazole derivative with dibromoethane. The UV-Vis spectra of the prepared compounds N1-N5 showed red shifted absorption bands due to the effect of conjugation by the double bond of allyl group. Triple bond of proprgyl group, the aromatic double bond of benzyl group and the alkyl groups in N2-N5 compounds play an important role in changing the fluorescence properties of [N1]. The physical and the chemical properties of the novel prepared compounds N1-N6 were studied and they were characterized by 1H,13C NMR, FT-IR and Fluorescence techniques.


Distributed sensor resource allocation problem is an important research area of multi-agent systems. In this paper, we focus on distributed resource allocation problem for distributed sensor networks. Formalisations which represent distributed sensor networks as distributed constraint networks have been proposed in previous researches. Applying distributed optimisation algorithm is a useful approach to understand the problems and to design the cooperative protocols. On the other hand, a distributed cooperative observation system using agency model has been developed. The agency model has been applied to practical distributed cooperative sensor network. We observe several models based on constraint network and another model based on concept of agency. Then we show a constraint based formalisation that are similar to resource allocation problem of agency model. The goal of the formalisation is to integrate DCOP and agency model. An experiment is made to evaluate the formalisation.


People with a chronic medical condition may be able to get Medicare benefits to cover allied health services that help manage their condition.


Craniofacial tissue-engineered techniques have significantly improved over the past 20 years as a result of developments in engineering and in material science. The regeneration of the craniofacial tissue is frequently complicated due to the craniofacial region's complexity, which includes bone, cartilage, soft tissue, and neurovascular bundles. It is now possible to construct tissues in the lab using scaffolds, cells, and physiologically active chemicals. For bone repair/augmentation, the biomaterials are classified into natural like "collagen, fibrin, alginate, silk, hyaluronate, chitosan" and synthetic like "polyethyleneglycol, poly-e-caprolactone, polyglycolic acid" and some bioceramics "tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, biphasic calcium phosphate, and the bioactive glasses" along with metals certain (Titanium and Zirconia ) and as this is part of advanced tissue engineering in dentistry there are some bioactive restorative materials like mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine. The newer advanced techniques like 3D printed templates present a framework for achieving the three pillars of tissue engineering: healing, rebuilding and rejuvenation. The field of tissue engineering has recently become interested in 3D printing, also known as "Additive Manufacturing", which is a ground-breaking technique that allows for the printing of patient-specific scaffolds, medical devices, multiscale, biomimetic/intricate cytoarchitecture/function-structure hierarchies and multicellular tissues in complex microenvironments. Biopolymers use is dependent on meeting the criteria for various scaffolds, including mechanical integrity, thermal stability, chemical composition, along with biological properties. Researchers have developed a revolutionary 4D bioprinting technique using cell traction forces and they are used to develop intricate dynamic structures, smart medical devices, or complex human organs.


Objective To ensure nursing safety during vacations and improve the level of nursing management.Method The following measures were car- ried out,including establishing the counterplan and inspection criteria for nursing safety during and before vacations;making preparations based on the in- spection criteria before vacations,emphasizing crisis reporting and responding and arranging enough nursing staff during vacations,and attaching great im- portance to the summary and improvement after vacations.Result The number of nursing risk events during vacations was reduced gradually year by year, and the rational arrangement of nursing staff during vacations ensured nursing safety.Conclusion Establishing and practicing scientific and feasible coun- terplan can effectively improve nurses'safety awareness and coping abilities,and thereby to reduce nursing risk events and ensure nursing safety during va- cations effectviely.


Kleptoparasitism (food stealing) has received considerable attention from seabird biologists (Furness 1987). The age of the kelptoparasite, the age of the victim, and the probability of success all appear to influence the frequency of kleptoparasitic attempts by gulls (Larus spp.) (Burger and Gochfeld 1981, Barnard and Thompson 1985, Carroll and Cramer 1985). We studied kleptoparasitism by Heermann's Gulls (L. heermanni) on the piscivorous Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) in the Gulf of California, Mexico to answer two questions: (1) did adult or immature Heermann's Gulls differ in their frequency ofkleptoparasitic attempts?, and (2) did Heermann's Gulls attempt to kleptoparasitize immature or adult Brown Pelicans more often?


Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a non-Hodgkin's B-cell tumor that Background: can be classified into three variants, based on clinical characteristics and epidemiology: endemic, human immunodeficiency-related and sporadic. Oral sporadic BL is quite an unusual entity, with the gastrointestinal trait being often the first site of appearance. A 15-year-old patient that presented a symptomatic Clinical finding: swelling of the right maxilla, unsuccessfully treated as a primary endodontic disease, displaying solid tissue on CT scan, "starry sky" pattern on oral biopsy, multifocal bone and lymph node uptake on PET. A diagnosis of stage IV BL Diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes: was formulated; Rituximab was then administered for three months according to Inter-B-NHL ritux 2010 protocol and CYM (cytarabine and methotrexate) chemotherapy. The patient was followed-up for three years, with no recurrence. : It is important for general dental practitioners to suspect a Conclusion malignancy in the differential diagnosis of unresponsive odontogenic infections in young healthy patients.


This paper aims to bring up theoretical expressions of relationship between information management and digital facility operation in the context of China is on the verge of Beijing Olympic Games. And it presents a number of aspects for rethinking the concerns involving the process in order to realize an applied pattern in running intelligent sport facilities. Ultimately, widespread adoption of cutting edge technology within the sport facility management and operation fields awaits technological innovations that are easy to use, reliable, meet the needs of the users, and are cost effective. Beijing Olympic Games provide tremendous opportunities and a good start to let the world witness revolution on digitalization and intellectualization for Olympic facilities.


The F/As molar ratio for the vacuum-stable products obtained following treatment of graphite, at ca. 20°C, with (1) AsF5, (2) AsF5+F2, and (3) O2AsF6 has been established to be 6. Route (1) gives mixtures of first- and second-stage salts Cx AsF6, whereas (2) and (3) readily yield first-stage materials. This is attributed to the greater oxidizing potential of the reagents in (2) and (3). X-ray powder diffraction data for the first-stage compound, C14AsF6 (graphite hexafluoroarsenate) with Ic=7.6 A, indicate that the F-ligands of AsF6-are nestled in contiguous three-fold sets of C-atom hexagons of a carbon-layer. This requires a staggering of the enclosing carbon-layers. Adjacent pairs of C-atom sheets contain assemblies of AsF6- of short-range order, appropriate for the composition C14AsF6. Aside from the restriction imposed by AsF6- nestling, the carbon-layers are otherwise randomly stacked. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of C14AsF6 has been simulated by this novel model. Addition of neutral molecules, e. g. AsF5 and AsF3, to C14AsF6 (Ic=7.6A) produces an un-nestled C14AsF6 1/2; AsF5 (or AsF3) with Ic≅8.0 A, whose X-ray powder diffraction pattern is indistinguishable from that of CxAsF5 made from graphite and AsF5 without a following evacuation. This process is reversible.


A numberofelectron andnuclear mag- netic resonance studies ofmodelmembranes, andbiologi- calmembranes, involve time-dependent magnetic inter- actionsbetweenmembranecomponentsthatundergo lateral diffusion relative tooneanother. Thetwo-dimen- sional character ofthismotioncanhaveaspecial, large ef- fecton magnetic resonancelineshapes, andrelaxation rates, because ofthelong-time tail ofthecorrelation func- tionformagneticinteractions modulatedbythismotion. Equations aregivenforthespecific caseinwhichnuclear relaxation ratesareenhancedduetodipolar interactions withmembrane-bound spinlabels. Anexperimental study ofspin-label-enhanced '3Cnuclear relaxation inunsoni- cateddispersions ofphosphatidylcholine isaccounted for withthistheory, together withthepreviously reported lipid diffusion constantofD 2 X 10-8cm2/sec. Our analysis ofpreviously reported 1Hand13Cnuclear relaxa- tionrates insmallphospholipid vesicles produced bysoni- cationsuggests thattherateoflateral diffusion inthese smallvesicles maybesignificantly larger than10-8cm'/sec. Electron andnuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy have beenusedextensively forstudies ofkinetic andstructural properties ofmodel membranes (lipid bilayers) andbiological membranes. Someofthese studies havetaken advantage of magnetic interactions between spinmagnetic momentson different membrane-bound molecules inorder toderive diffu- sionconstants fortheir relative lateral motion intheplane ofthemembrane. However, noneofthese latter studies have specifically included theeffects oftwo-dimensional diffusion inthetheoretical analysis ofmagnetic resonance line shapes, andrelaxation rates. Itisknownfromexperimental andtheo- retical studies ofother systems thatthere canbemajor differ- ences intherelative effects oftwoversus three-dimensional motion onmagnetic resonance line shapes, andrelaxation rates (1-4). Thepurpose ofthepresent communication istotreat one special problem thatarises inthestudy ofbilayers andmem- branes, namely, spin-label induced nuclear relaxation. Inthis casealowconcentration ofelectron spins ispresent inthe membrane, specifically attached toonemembrane component (alipid orprotein), andthere isanassociated enhancement of nuclear relaxation inother membrane molecules (e.g., phos- pholipids). Thistypeofexperiment wasfirst employed by Kornberg andMcConnell (5), todemonstrate thatlateral diffusion ofphospholipid molecules inmembranes israpid. Theseauthors werenotabletoestimate adiffusion constant Abbreviation: HGSL,the"head-group spinlabel" inwhichan N- methyl group ofphosphatidylcholine isreplaced bythepara- magnetic nitroxide groupI. * Towhomcorrespondence should besent. 1451 since thetheory developed inthepresent paper wasnotthen available. Themethods developed herearealso applicable to certain other typesofmagnetic resonance studies ofmem- branes, suchasthose involving magnetic interactions be- tweenpairs ofnuclear spins ondifferent molecules (6).


Objective To evaluate the effectuality and practicality of the symptomatic comprehensive treatment for RAU with immune regulating preparation ocustilla. Methods A tatal of 132 patients with RAU were treated by the symptomatic comprehensive therapy as the experimental group,and 33 patients with RAU were treated with levomisol as the contral group. Results Total effective rate in experimental group was 90.2 % and that in contral group was 72.7 %. The difference between two groups was significant (P0.01). The curative effect in experimental group was significantly superior to that of contral group.Conclusion The combined treatment with several effective drugs(mainly the immune regulation preparation) focused on various pathogenic factors is the choice in RAU. Since the therapeutic regimen will result in better effect persistently. The comprehensive treatment reported in this paper has the advantages of beter effect,non expensive and fewer side effect. It is a novel treatment for RAU and worthy to spread in clinical practices.


Elman neural network model can accord to the characteristics of approximate any nonlinear function and have reflect the dynamic property of the system.This paper discussed ability in neural network nonlinear,multi-factor prediction of the principle and topological structure.Based on neural network modeling using Elman cutting surface roughness prediction model of the method,and the neural network in Matlab toolbox,using introduction of 6061 aluminum Elman neural network to cut surface roughness has trained,forecasting and analysis.The results show that the established Elman neural network model convergence fastly,the forecast precision is high.