The Vainshtein-Presnyakov-Sobel'man approximation (VPSA) has been applied to calculate the 2s excitation cross section of projectile He/sup +/ in the reaction He/sup +/(1s)+H(1s) ..-->..He/sup +/(2s)+H(1s). Calculations have been performed for both post and prior forms assuming the peaking approximation. Comparison is made with the existing theoretical calculations and experimental data. It is found that the VPSA (post form) cross sections agree reasonably well with the experimental data. The VPSA (prior form) is in disagreement with other theoretical calculations. At high energies all the theoretical calculations give identical results.


Vibrational spectra are reported in the N-H stretching region for uracil and thymine monomers in helium nanodroplets. Each monomer shows only a single isomer, the global minimum, in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical studies. The assignment of the infrared vibrational bands in the spectra is aided by the measurement of the corresponding vibrational transition moment angles (VTMAs) and ab initio frequency calculations. The ambiguity in the VTMA assignment of the N3H band for the uracil monomer is explained by the presence of dimer bands, which are overlapped with the monomer band.


A rigorous solution method is given to the vector problem of electromagnetic wave diffraction by a system which consists of a periodic grating (which may be sufficiently complicated) and a layered structure involving a chiral medium layer. In view of circular polarization of chiral medium eigenwaves and due to the boundary conditions, the chiral medium binds both linear polarizations: E-polarization with E/spl par/OX and H-polarization with H/spl par/OX. On the one hand, this gives rise to new interesting effects, but on the other, this adds complexity to the problem and makes it a vector one.


Teixeira et al. (2008) reviewed peer-reviewed studies in which meditation was the primary intervention with populations experiencing chronic pain, established by medical history. All programmes in the studies reviewed included a didactic/ educational component, relaxation and a small group format. The majority of studies reviewed based their intervention on the Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programme developed by Kabat-Zinn (1982). Teixeira et al. identified ten studies meeting these inclusion criteria: Six studies were randomised controlled trials or quasiexperimental studies and four had no control group.


Abstract : Evaporative processes at the air-earth interface are examined in terms of a moisture availability coefficient. A postulate is formed for developing the availability coefficient utilizing the ratio of potential evaporation to actual evaporation. Experimental data is used to evaluate this approach and results indicate that the moisture availability coefficient appears to be independent of climate, season of the year or latitude and soil type. A preliminary study of the effects of atmospheric water vapor on the dynamic stability of the surface boundary layer was also undertaken. Evaporation, Evapotranspiration, Similarity theory, Obukhov scaling length, Water vapor, Specific humidities.


This paper explores how competition works in knowledge ecosystems, using a theory elaboration approach. With little research conducted in this area to date, three strategic streams of thought—resource-advantage theory, dynamic capabilities framework, and adaptive marketing capabilities perspective—are compared as a departing point and a frame of reference regarding the dynamics of competition. The streams of strategic thought all converge around the notion that organizations must constantly renew themselves to adapt and align to a fast-changing marketplace. The characteristics of knowledge ecosystems are conceptualized, whereafter an in-depth case study is presented to empirically assess competition in knowledge ecosystems, focusing on the perspective of a keystone actor. At the ecosystem-level, knowledge ecosystems primarily expose and explore knowledge, indicating that they mostly operate in a pre-competitive state. The time needed and the limited control inherent to knowledge exploration translate into the keystone actor focusing on transient rather than sustainable competitive advantage. Knowledge ecosystems further prove to be central in the coevolution and the growth of other ecosystems through connecting and sharing of the explored knowledge base with other ecosystem actors who, in turn, exploit this knowledge common for commercial purposes and innovation.


This book gives a history of the boycott of the product of a major infant formula company, Nestle, with extension of the boycott to include the company's other products during the period from 1973 through 1984. At the time the book was written and published in early 1988, it seemed that the episode had been completed. Subsequent to the book's publication, however, the boycott has been resumed by some of the previous instigators and now extends to another company, American Home Products, as well. The author/editor of the book purports to give an evenhanded discussion of the opposing sides in the issue. He is joined by two professional writers who covered events as reporters and now add chapters with their interpretations. There is also a foreword by Frank Falkner, who echoes the spirit and conclusions of the book. Both Drs Dobbing and Falkner have served in the recent past as


Object tracking is a problem which is very often addressed by various approaches, including background subtraction, visual constancy or geometric flow. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it proposes an enhanced feature-weighted gradient, enhancing the contours of the object characterized by this feature, and attenuating the gradient amplitude wherever the feature is not found. The second, and main contribution, is a new integrator for active-contours based tracking. It uses the gradient alongside the object contours and generates a bidirectional attraction field. The combination of the contour tracking and the weighted gradient is illustrated on the driver's-face tracking problem, where the illumination conditions (brightness, colour) change as the vehicle passes through different environments.


The purpose of this speech is to construct in an eclectic and holistic way basis of a theoretical frame that describes, analyzes and interprets the phenomenon of the enterprise's entrepreseneurship from the interdisciplinary point of view. It is searched that this is one the foundation to respond to the question how to understand the entrepreneurship? , and to biult, from its evolution, a diverse perspective that enrich their analysis and study. Thus, the entrepreneurship is /understood as a practical, simple and complex phenomenon, that the industralists directly experience in their activities and functions; as an act of overcoming and improvement of the conditions of life of the society. It is tried to analyze and to propose personal perspective of study of the entrepreneurship of the industralists, their characteristics, and their social, political, economic and cultural implications.


Macular fibrosis is a vital obstacle of vision acuity improvement of age‐related macular degeneration patients. This study was to investigate the effects of interleukin 2 (IL‐2) on epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and transforming growth factor β2 (TGF‐β2) expression in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. 10 μg/L IL‐2 was used to induce fibrosis in RPE cells for various times. Western blot was used to detect the EMT marker α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), ECM markers fibronectin (Fn) and type 1 collagen (COL‐1), TGF‐β2, and the activation of the JAK/STAT3 and NF‐κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, JAK/STAT3 and NF‐κB signaling pathways were specifically blocked by WP1066 or BAY11‐7082, respectively, and the expression of α‐SMA, COL‐1, Fn and TGF‐β2 protein were detected. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to measure cell migration ability of IL‐2 with or without WP1066 or BAY11‐7082. After induction of IL‐2, the expressions of Fn, COL‐1, TGF‐β2 protein were significantly increased, and this effect was correlated with IL‐2 treatment duration, while α‐SMA protein expression did not change significantly. Both WP1066 and BAY11‐7082 could effectively downregulate the expression of Fn, COL‐1 and TGF‐β2 induced by IL‐2. What's more, both NF‐κB and JAK/STAT3 inhibitors could suppress the activation of the other signaling pathway. Additionally, JAK/STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 and NF‐κB inhibitor BAY 11‐7082 could obviously decrease RPE cells migration capability induced by IL‐2. IL‐2 promotes cell migration, ECM synthesis and TGF‐β2 expression in RPE cells via JAK/STAT3 and NF‐κB signaling pathways, which may play an important role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.


Background: Chronic cough reduces quality of life and has few treatments. Airway sensory nerves stimulate cough and increases in nerve sensitivity are linked to development of cough. Whether nerves also undergo structural changes in chronic cough has not been evaluated. Aim: To quantify airway epithelial sensory nerves in humans with chronic cough. Methods: Bronchoscopic biopsies from subjects with chronic cough (duration >8 weeks) and healthy controls were immunolabeled for nerves and eosinophils. Whole-mount images were obtained and nerve morphology (branch points, length) and eosinophils were quantified in 3D (Imaris). Protocols were IRB approved. Results: Eighteen healthy and 21 chronic cough subjects were analyzed. Age, body-mass index and lung function, as measured by spirometry were similar between groups. Subjects with chronic cough had a doubling in nerve length and branch points compared to healthy subjects (Fig. 1). Nerve morphology was similar in the subset of cough subjects on inhaled steroids compared to the cough cohort as a whole, suggesting steroids do not reverse nerve morphology. The number of eosinophils within the airway walls or in peripheral blood were similar between cough and healthy controls. Conclusions: Airway sensory nerves undergo substantial structural changes in chronic cough. Increased sensory nerve density may underlie development cough hypersensitivity. Grant Support: ATS 1012827, HL124165, AR061567, HL121254, HL131525.


Selectivity and efficiency advantages often occur in capillary supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) when the column temperature is raised. However, the slopes of the mobile phase density-pressure isotherms drop with increasing temperature. Commonly used SFC pumps (and other chromatographic components) specify a somewhat arbitrary pressure limit, often around 400 atm. This results in a severe reduction of the accessible density range (and mobile-phase strength range) when higher temperatures are chosen. The potential of using capillary SFC with pressures up to 560 atm to extend the range of eluted solutes is demonstrated with several chromatograms. Eventually, the permissible temperature ranges for typical SFC columns must be determined in the presence of high-pressure mobile phase. Then the upper pressure limit required, corresponding to the maximum density desired with each mobile phase at its upper temperature limit, can be specified.


[unknown no of page] transcript of an interview with George First Rider conducted by unknown interviewer on January 28, 1969. Tape number IH-AA.014/014A, transcript disc 47.


PurposeBlood from infarct-related arteries obtained by thrombus aspiration is good material for studying the local microenvironment of blood vessels in myocardial infarction. Here, we aimed to observe the effects of intracoronary microparticles (MPs) on cardiac fibrosis and to find associated microRNAs in MPs.MethodsBlood samples were collected from patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention, and sub-supersonic centrifugation was used to separate the MPs.ResultsWe found that rats treated with intracoronary MPs showed better cardiac function after myocardial infarction compared with rats treated with PBS control or peripheral MPs. RNA microarray analysis indicated that microRNAs, especially miR-625-5p, may play a role in the process. Supplementation with miR-625-5p inhibited proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts and myocardial fibrosis in a mouse myocardial infarction model. ConclusionOur findings indicate that plasma MPs in infarct-related arteries in patients with acute myocardial infarction can inhibit myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function, with a process mediated by miR-625-5p and HMGA1 (high mobility group AT-hook 1). The current study may provide a possible reference for thrombus aspiration standard.


Neuropathic pain is a great diagnostics and therapeutic challenge and still many patients have pain that is refractory to known treatment. The case of the patient with rare primary duodenal adenocarcinoma infiltrating the adjacent organs and with severe abdominal pain of changeable origin has been described. There were different neuropathic pain's treatment strategies and options along with diagnostic problems of pain originally nociceptive switching into neuropathic


Background: Burns remain a significant health problem throughout the world. It has a detrimental effect on the quality of life . Both hydrotherapy and low-frequency ultrasound had a beneficial impact on burn healing. Aim: This study aimed to compare between the hydrotherapy and ultrasonic hydrotherapy of a partially-thickness-burned patient. Methods: An experimental comparative study was conducted at the Alexandria Main University Hospital burn unit. Sixty patients were included and alternatively assigned into two equal groups of 30 patients in each group. The researchers used four tools for data collection. An assessment was performed after one month to evaluate the patient's progress. Results: Patients who received ultrasonic hydrotherapy had a higher median healing percentage score (83.3) of the burned area than those who received hydrotherapy (70.5). There was a significant difference between both groups where p= 0.000 . In the fourth week of the follow-up, (53.4 %) of the hydrotherapy patients did not have pain. In comparison, 90% of ultrasound hydrotherapy patients had no pain , with significant differences between both groups at the second, third, and fourth weeks (p =0.000). Conclusions: Ultrasonic hydrotherapy strongly affects the burn-healing process. Furthermore; it reduced patients' pain severity Recommendation: Conduct further research to assess the effect of ultrasonic hydrotherapy on other types of wounds.


In order to advance the performance of association rules mining algorithm when disposing big dataset,a novel GEP based on Niche(NGEP) was presented to solve the probleme.The procedure of NGEP began with the niche evolution and then fused some of the sub-niches according to the similarity of best individuals.Then Cartesian product was nested in the kernel set of niches to generate better outcomes.The experimental results show that our algorithm performs better than the other similar evolutionary algorithm in terms of diversity of population and precision;besides,it can discover more association rules.


Brachiella lageniformis, hitherto known only from the Atlantic coast of Argentina, was found off the east coast of Vancouver Island, on the gills of Merluccius productus. Both male and female are d...


Introduction. Neurosurgery, which is the treatment of choice of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA), is often incurative. It usually leaves tumour residue that can regrow in the future. There is no established management for the postoperative period of NFPA, however, some data suggest that somatostatin analogues (SSA) can be effective, especially regarding somatostatin receptors (SSTR) presence in NFPA. SSTR scintigraphy and immunohistochemistry are used to assess SSTR expression in NFPA. Aim: to analyse the outcome of SSA treatment in NFPA and to correlate it with the results of SSTR scintigraphy and immunohistochemistry. Material and methods. Twenty six NFPA patients after incomplete neurosurgery with positive results of scintigraphy and immunohistochemistry were included in the study. All patients were treated with octreotide LAR 20mg intramuscular every 4 weeks. The tumour size was evaluated in control magnetic resonance imaging after 2 years of SSA therapy. Results. Tumour size remained stable in the majority of NFPA. Adenoma size reduction was observed in 2 patients with strong expression of SSTR2 in both scintigraphy and immunohistochemistry. Increase of tumour size was noticed in 4 patients whose tumours were characterised not only by the presence of SSTR2 and SSTR5 but also by strong expression of SSTR1 in immunohistochemistry. Conclusions. Only strong expression of SSTR2 can predict patients response to SSA treatment in NFPA. However, strong expression of SSTR1 observed in some of NFPA gives hope that introduction of new broad spectrum SSA like pasireotide would be more effective, especially in tumour shrinkage.


Effects associated with the change in the local density of photonic states in a periodic structure based on alternating \textit{a}-Si$_{1-x}$C$_x$:H and \textit{a}-SiO$_2$ amorphous layers forming a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal have been analyzed. The use of \textit{a}-Si$_{1-x}$C$_x$:H as the emitting material made it possible to examine the transformation of the photoluminescence spectrum contour that is comparable in width with the photonic stop-band. It was experimentally demonstrated that the emission is enhanced and suppressed in the vicinity of the stop-band. The relative intensities of the luminescence peaks at different edges of the stop-band vary with the detuning of the stop-band position and photoluminescence peak of a single \textit{a}-Si$_{1-x}$C$_x$:H film. The Purcell effect in the system under consideration was theoretically described by the method in which the local density of photonic states is calculated in terms of a 1D model. %A good agreement was obtained between the experimentally measured and calculated spectra. It was shown that the specific part of local density of states substantially increases at the long-wavelength (low-frequency) edge of the stop-band of a 1D photonic crystal as a result of the predominant localization of the electric field of the light wave in the spatial regions of \textit{a}-Si$_{1-x}$C$_x$:H which have a higher relative permittivity as compared with \textit{a}-SiO$_2$.


A display device having a control circuit for changing a time period of applying a signal voltage to each of the signal lines and a scanning voltage to each of the scanning lines within one vertical scanning period (T). The control circuit controls each of horizontal scanning periods (t 1 to t m ) in such a manner that the period is gradually increased from the scanning line located close to a vertical driving circuit to the scanning line located remote from the vertical driving circuit. In this way, when writing a signal voltage to a pixel via the signal lines, the target potential is reached at each pixel within the time period of applying the signal voltage.


Malnourished piglets that suffer from periweaning failure to thrive syndrome (PFTS) may show no signs of respiratory or enteric diseases but may have decreased feed intake and become debilitated after weaning. Euthanasia is a necessary component of swine production as it is sometimes the only option to alleviate suffering of piglets that are born with congenital defects or suffer from PFTS. Fifty-eight nursery-aged piglets were utilized in two experiments to evaluate blood parameter differences between healthy and unthrifty piglets and to compare euthanasia methods. Piglets were categorized into two health groups: healthy or unthrifty. During selection, blood was collected for analysis of blood parameters. Piglets were euthanized 24-32 hours after initial blood sampling and a second sample was collected for comparison. After euthanasia, piglets were necropsied for evaluation of euthanasia on pulmonary lesions. No significant difference in number of pulmonary lesions was found between health groups (P = 0.88). Healthy piglets had higher concentrations of glucose, ionized calcium and sodium, and greater pCO2 than unthrifty piglets (P ≤ 0.05). Unthrifty piglets showed higher concentrations of hemoglobin and hematocrit (P = 0.0002) than healthy piglets. Piglets were assigned to one of two euthanasia methods to compare electrophysiological and behavioral parameters of hypobaric hypoxia and carbon dioxide gas. Two piglets at a time were euthanized for each method. One animal in the pair was fitted with electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram monitoring devices during euthanasia. Behavioral parameters were also recorded. The average treatment times were 27.4 ± 6.7 minutes for HH and 13.8 ± 5.1 minutes for CO2. Piglets euthanized via CO2 reached an isoelectric state faster than piglets euthanized via HH (P = 0.009). Behavioral observations revealed gasping in 100% of CO2 euthanized piglets during the first five minutes of treatment and only 28.6% of HH euthanized piglets during the same period. During HH, 57.1% of piglets became ataxic in the first five minutes while 76.9% of CO2 piglets became ataxic during the same period. Results of this trial indicate that HH may be a lower stress alternative to CO2 as it causes fewer incidences of aversive behaviors in early stages of treatment.


Schizophrenia is a disease that affects many areas of the brain. The dopamine hypothesis is one of the most widely-accepted ideas in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Besides alterations in the dopaminergic system in the central nervous system, there have been several reports of changes in dopaminergic systems in the peripheral blood of schizophrenic patients. Several reports have shown that dopamine receptor expression by lymphocytes is altered in patients with schizophrenia, but the results have been conflicting. We therefore re-assessed D3R and D4R mRNA levels in 11 patients with schizophrenia and 12 healthy subjects and correlated levels with severity of symptoms. D3R and D4R expression in lymphocytes and granulocytes was measured by quantitative RT-PCR and the severity of symptoms and cognitive impairment were assessed using the PANSS and BACS-J. There were no significant differences in mean D3R or D4R mRNA levels in lymphocytes from schizophrenic patients and controls and no significant difference in mean D4R mRNA levels in granulocytes (D3R mRNA undetectable). In patients with schizophrenia, D3R expression was inversely correlated with the total PANSS score (r = 0.768, p = 0.009), while D4R expression was positively correlated with working memory scales (r = 0.895, p = 0.001). In conclusion, these results imply that lymphocyte D3R and D4R are involved in the mechanisms of the disorder and could be used as target markers in the treatment of schizophrenia.


As a technology able to picture and embody the temporality of the past, cinema has become central to the mediation of memory in modern cultural life. While, in representational terms, the past has been figured in variations of the history film, the costume drama and the heritage picture from early cinema to the present, rituals of remembrance have come to surround the culture of film. Whether in the form of commercial reruns, generic recycling, critical retrospectives or popular reminiscence, the memory of film scenes and movies screens, cinema and cinema-going, has become integral to the placement and location of film within the cultural imagination of this century and the last. This volume uses memory as a specific framework for the study of popular film, intervening in growing debates about the status and function of memory in cultural life and discourse. Susannah Radstone has usefully mapped the boom in memory's valuation in recent decades, a contemporary resurgence that has led to an explosion of academic interest in questions of memory and memory work. This cross-disciplinary field of enquiry, which has become loosely known as 'memory studies', has addressed itself both to historical and methodological concerns: how to understand the rising stock of memory in particular periods of history, and how to evaluate particular sites and texts of memory as they invoke the past in specific ways and for specific ends. At the centre of analysis is a fundamental concern with what the CCCS Popular Memory Group has called the 'past-present relation'. While akin to the province of history, with it disposition towards 'knowing' and interpreting the past, memory suggests a more dialogic relationship between the temporal constituencies of 'now' and 'then'; it draws attention to the activations and eruptions of the past as they are experienced in and constituted by the present.


Rhodococcus is a genus of aerobic, non-sporulating, non-motile gram positive bacteria closely related to mycobacteria and corynebacteria. Strains of Rhodococcus contain enzymes that carry out biologically relevant reactions such as bio desulfurization of fossil fuels, degradation of Poly chlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) and utilizing a wide variety of other organic compounds as energy sources. It was commercially used as biocatalyst in production of fossil fuels, bioactive steroids and acrylamide. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles are determined by the treatment of aqueous solution 0.01 Millimolar silver nitrate with bacterial strain and silver nanoparticles could be fabricated at intracellular level and was characterized by UV-Spectroscopy. The size and shape of silver nanoparticles was investigated by using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) used to demonstrate the chemical nature of nanoparticles. The size range or mean of the particles in powder sample was determined by Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Anti Cancerous activity was analyzed by MTT Assay and Apoptosis detection Hoechst 33342 DNA Staining. DNA sequences was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).


Polish excavations at the site of Beit Ras (ancient Capitolias) in the governorate of Irbid, northern Jordan, investigated an area in the northern part of the ancient town, to the west of the Roman-age theater. Three seasons of fieldwork were conducted, starting in 2014 with a survey using the electric resistivity method to detect ancient structures. The presence of architectural features was noted, dated by surface finds spanning a period from the 1st–2nd through the 12th–13th centuries AD. In the next two seasons, in 2015 and 2016, excavation of three archaeological trenches led to the discovery of the remains of a winery and a section of the city wall, as well as a sequence of floors. This established a chronology of usage from the Roman to the early medieval period and proved that this part of the town was mostly domestic in character, at least during the Byzantine and early Islamic periods. Evidence of destruction of a nearby church was also found, tentatively attributed to a Sassanian raid in AD 614 or soon after.


Conventional systems for mechanized Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welding control arc length by utilizing its well known relationship with arc voltage. Such systems maintain a constant arc voltage by movement of the torch relative to the work surface. This has proven to be practicable over the years where the welding machine operator can make frequent visual observations of arc length, and then adjust the arc voltage set point in order to compensate for subtle changes in the arc length/arc voltage relationship. Fully automated robotic type welding systems do not present this luxury since weld cycles are required to proceed over long periods without manual intervention. The key fundamental difficulty is that the arc voltage is dominated by large voltage drops near the electrode surfaces which are independent of arc length. This paper presents a review of past and related work in the area, followed by results of a new study of arc light sensitivity and its application to arc length control. For this work, a standard automatic voltage controller was used which was modified to receive either arc voltage or a suitably scaled voltage signal derived from an arc light emission sensor. This allowed a direct comparison of conventional andmore » arc light based control approaches. It was found that arc light control behaved more robustly when encountering disturbances which are known to seriously trouble a voltage based control. A prime example is welding from one base material onto another which was found to produce only a minor effect on a light based control, but unacceptable behavior of a voltage control. Details of experiments and results are presented.« less


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a very simple and tough means for surely controlling attachment/removal of a toothed follower when a cam is positioned in a non- locking angle position in a seat back joint device for a vehicle seat. SOLUTION: A box is formed by a seat part, cheek 1 of a joint device and a seat back cheek 2 provided with an internal tooth part 3, and in this box, followers 5, each of which is provided with an external tooth part 6 and can be shifted in the radius direction under the control of a rotary cam 8, are contained. In each of the followers 5, the first peg 12, which works on a locus of the seat back cheek 2 so as to hold the follower 5 in the non-locking position, and the second peg 13, which works on an opening part 15 of a thin plate 14 connected to the cam so as to surely control release of locking of the follower 5, are arranged. As the respective parts are flat, a simple and tough structure can be accomplished only when the parts are piled in the box.


This article considers the realization program of transformation of sum of products of Boolean's functions into Zhegalkin's polynomial with stage-by stage regeneration of sum of products till they reach complete sum of products


Computer Modeling as a Management Tool I. What are some life insurance company applications of computer modeling that have proved useful for agency problems? Investment problems? Administrative problems? Pricing problems? Other? II. Why was computer modeling used rather than another method (such as analytical solutions)? III. What applications have proved not to be useful? Why not? IV. What methods proved to be more successful than computer modeling? V. What dollar and personnel commitment is needed to make effective use of computer modeling in a life insurance company? New York Regional Meeting MR. RUSSELL M. COLLINS, JR. : The first use of computer modeling that I would like to mention applies when it is either impossible or extremely costly to observe a real process in order to obtain the desired information. The classic example of this perhaps is the way wind tunnels are used in the aircraft industry. Conceivably, the aircraft industry could build an airplane, put it out on the runway, and see whether it works. Essentially, what the aircraft industry has done is to build a simulator, so that they can build a model of this aircraft and experiment with it in a simulated environment to discover some of its characteristics rather than having to go to the expense and cost in both money and human life of doing it the hard way. Many times businesses, and maybe insurance companies, try to fly without a wind tunnel. In other words, a lot of effort is expended on something that turns out to be a flop. Another situation in which computer modeling can be used is where a system is too complex to describe in mathematical terms, or mathematical formulations are too complex to solve analytically. Actuaries have, of course, been simulating for years. The model office is a good example of a relatively simple simulation device. But, when you get into a model of an economic system, or model of a firm, these models can be made extremely complex and more accurate (with the aid of a computer) than the simpler model office with which we are accustomed to working. In fact, computer modeling and simulation maywell be used to study and experiment with the effects of internal or external changes on a system, such as internal interactions between various parts of the system, or how a particular management decision affects the future course of a corpor a-D109


Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radars(ISAR) is mainly to describe fixed radar imaging moving targets such as airplane and ship.Since airplane is much smaller than ship,it is more difficult to image the former target;thus,the emphasis will be put upon simulated airplane imaging,real flying airplane imaging,and two circular flying airplane instantaneous imaging.


We develop a model-theoretic framework for the study of distal factors of strongly ergodic, measure-preserving dynamical systems of countable groups. Our main result is that all such factors are contained in the (existential) algebraic closure of the empty set. This allows us to recover some rigidity results of Ioana and Tucker-Drob as well as prove some new ones: for example, that strongly ergodic, distal systems are coalescent and that every two such systems that are weakly equivalent are isomorphic. We also prove the existence of a universal distal, ergodic system that contains any other distal, ergodic system of the group as a factor.


The cyano-bridged [CuII(tetrenH2)]2[WIV(CN)8]2·5H2O (tetren = tetraethylenepentaamine)
(1), [CuII(tetrenH2)][CuII(tetrenH)][WV(CN)8][WIV(CN)8]·2.5H2O (2), [CuII(dien)]2[WIV(CN)8]·4H2O (dien = diethylenetriamine)
(3) and its isomorphous molybdenum(IV) analogue (4) have been prepared and structurally characterised. 1 and 2 are built from the W2Cu2(μ-CN)4 squares extended into 1-D structure by cyano-bridges. 2-D 3 and 4 form a square grid pattern with tungsten atoms in the corners and –CN–Cu(dien)–NC– linkages on the edges of the squares. The magnetic behaviour of 1 and 3 indicates the presence of two isolated CuII spins S
= 1/2 with a very weak antiferromagnetic coupling through the diamagnetic NC–WIV–CN bridges in the low temperatures. Assembly 2 exhibits a weak ferromagnetic interaction between CuII and WV isolated by diamagnetic [WIV(CN)8]4− spacer from another CuII centre within WV–CN–CuII–NC–WIV–CN–CuII unit and the antiferromagnetic interaction between the CuII2WVWIV units.


Chapter 1 List of Figures Chapter 2 Preface Chapter 3 Acknowledgments Chapter 4 Introduction: Everything You Know Seems Wrong Chapter 5 Tradition in the Modern World: The Functions of Tradition The Meaning of the "Relativizing" of Tradition Relativization as a Sociological Concept Relativization in Contemporary American Evangelicalism Chapter 6 Tradition in a Globalizing World: Crystallization of Globality as an Issue Requirements for an Adequate Model of Globality A Model of Globality Globalization and Religion Chapter 7 The Dynamic of the Relativizing of Tradition: The Definition and Dynamic of Relativization The Catalysts of Relativization The Sequence of Events Which Lead to Relativization Chapter 8 The Results of the Relativizing of Tradition: Types of Relativization Cultural Relativization Cultural Relativization Generates Group Relativization Relativization and the Phases of Globalization Characteristics of Relativization at the Cultural Chapter 9 Relativization in Action: The Evangelical Post-Conservative Controversy: Defining American Evangelical Protestantism History of the Post-Conservative Controversy Definition and Description of "Evangelical Post-Conservatism" Chapter 10 Relativization in Action: Results in Evangelical Theology: Willingness to Learn form Other Traditions Changes in Beliefs Changes in Boundaries New Internal Religious Movements Internal Ethos Effects Chapter 11 The Relativizing of Tradition: A Comprehensive Theory: Willingness to Learn form Other Traditions Changes in Beliefs Changes in Boundaries New Internal Religious Movements Internal Ethos Effects Conclusions Regarding the Relativizing of Traditi Chapter 12 Everything You Know Seems Wrong: Relativization and the Global Future: How Relativization Can Strengthen Traditions Relativization and Culture Wars Relativization and Moral Consensus Relativization and the Clash of Civilizations Relativization a Chapter 13 Bibliography Chapter 14 Index Chapter 15 Author Biography


Stephane Malysse transmits his anthropological experience in a real temple of today: the gym. Without ignoring their resistance to the process of bodybuilding, he turns this negative transfer in lucid methodological resource to discuss, from its resistance, the formal and ascetic imperative of self-care, required by contemporary ego. The practice of bodybuilding comes as alternate symptomatic of the decadence of the male diagnosed by Lacan. Women and Men, stopwatch in hands, sculpt being. The new guru – personal trainer – the torment of the rate of fat, the idealization of hardness, the body of the other, the dictatorship of the series, which purifies the pain, sweating as a sign, everything goes under the description of Malysse that, pay the price of writing about yourself, can make the transmission.


Based on wind power construction project's own characteristics and using fuzzy math's theory and method,fuzzy multi-tier comprehensive assessment model concerning social evaluation of wind power construction project and index system of social evaluation of wind power construction project are established.Using basic philosophy of AHP can creatively combine the basic philosophy with index tier in the fuzzy multi-tier comprehensive model so that index can be ranked and judge each index's importance.Finally,this model is used to carry out social assessment of some wind-power construction projects and to test its practicality,whereby providing the scientific basis for the project investment decision-taking and capital operation.


After a 15-year absence from hospital nursing, my mother, an RGN, returned to the profession at the age of 52.


This article examines the experience of the VCS within the context of the Liverpool Children's Fund. Its aim is to use a local case study to measure the reality of the Government's promises to the sector in a series of legislative and policy enactments in recent years. It argues that the gap between Government policy rhetoric and the promises made, and the real experience of VSCOs working in children's services in Liverpool, is still very great indeed. It further argues that the real legacy of the Children's Fund will not be that of local relevance, 'bottom- up' working and community participation but rather one of 'sectoral realignment' as selected VCSOs become increasingly locked in to mainstreamed service structures and processes with statutory agencies and as others are left behind and effectively 'locked-out' of this mainstreaming agenda.


Mudstone is the most common cap rock in petroliferous basins. The mechanical properties of mudstone in different areas and buried depths are obviously different, which directly affects the brittleness and ductileness of caprock and its deformation characteristic. This research carried out X ray diffraction (XRD) rock mineral composition analysis, microscopic observation of mineral structural characteristics and rock mechanics triaxial compression tests under different conditions on six groups of mudstone samples from three basins. On this basis, establish numerical model to simulate the fracture deformation of mudstone under geological conditions, and to clarify the influence of different factors on the rock mechanics of mudstone. Compare and analyze the fracture characteristics and stress-strain curves of mudstone samples after the test show that, the confining pressure is the most direct factor affecting the mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of mudstone in the range of oil and gas enrichment depth. Although the formation temperature has a certain influence on the rock deformation, the effect is very limited, and it is difficult to have an essential influence on the rock deformation without the action of confining pressure. The mineral composition of mudstone is also one of the main factors affecting the mechanical deformation of rock. The comparison between the content of main minerals and the mechanical parameters of rock shows that the mechanical properties of rock and the transformation of brittleness and ductileness of mudstone have the most obvious correlation with clay minerals. Numerical simulations show that, pore fluid pressure is an important factor that cannot be ignored in overpressured caprocks. Higher pore fluid pressure can significantly inhibit the transition process of rock brittleness and ductileness, and at the same time affect the fracture mode of mudstone, which is of great significance for the evaluation of caprock integrity.


AbstractInhibitory synapses through GABAergic channels not only change spine's calcium dynamics but also modulate postsynaptic current mediated through glutamate receptors. However the mechanism and extent to which these inhibitory synapses can modulate postsynaptic potential is not clearly understood. We propose a mathematical model to explain this phenomenon which encompasses both presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms. Further this model also elaborates the effect of these channels in synaptic calcium dynamics and learning mechanism.


Background: Cough reflex sensitivity, subjective estimates of cough frequency and cough-related quality of life have been used to assess cough and monitor treatment responses. The relationships between these measures and objective cough monitoring remain unclear and the usefulness of subjective assessments remains questionable. Subjects: 62 patients with chronic cough (39 women) were studied. Mean age of patients was 54.9 (SD 12.2) years, with a median duration of cough of 5.5 (range 1–30) years. Methods: Cough reflex sensitivity testing (C5; citric acid) was performed in all patients before fully ambulatory day-time and night-time cough recordings. Patients scored the frequency and severity of their cough (Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and 0–5 score) for each recording period and completed a cough-related quality-of-life questionnaire, Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). Ambulatory cough recordings were manually counted and reported in terms of cough seconds per hour (cs/h). Cough rates were log10 transformed for analysis. Results: The median time spent coughing was 11.36 (range 1.06–46) cs/h with median day rates of 15.59 (range 2–74.8) cs/h and median night rates of 2.94 (range 0–26.67) cs/h. An inverse relationship was seen between day cough rates and log10 C5 (r = −0.452, p⩽0.001). Subjective cough scores and visual analogue scales were only moderately associated with objective time spent coughing, with night-time being scores more strongly associated than day-time scores. The strongest correlation with objective cough frequency was cough-related quality of life (LCQ), (r = −0.622, p⩽0.001), mediated through the psychological domain. Conclusions: Subjective measures of cough and cough reflex sensitivity are only moderately related to objective time spent coughing, and hence cannot be used as surrogate markers for objective cough-frequency measurements. Cough-related quality of life (LCQ) is most strongly related to objectively counted cough, and may be a useful adjunct to objective measures in the assessment of cough.


The problem of mineral salt deposition is one of the most significant in the operation of oil fields. Salt deposits can lead to production downtime, an emergency situation and serious threat to personnel safety. To date, there are various methods of salt formation preventing. Chemical protection methods using inhibitors have become the most widespread. Despite the successes in the application of this type of protection, the accident rate remains at a high level. In this regard, the inhibitory protection effectiveness increasing remains relevant.The article suggests the use of citric acid (CA) as a co-inhibitor of salt deposits. The purpose of this work is to study the effectiveness of citric acid usage to prevent salt deposit formation and increase the level of industrial safety of oilfield equipment.This article describes a new method of combating salt deposits and presents the results of experimental studies to assess the citric acid effect on the salt deposition inhibitor (SDI) effectiveness. SDIs have been tested for their ability to prevent the salt formation. The ISO effectiveness was determined by the trilonometric method. It has been shown that one of the inhibitors in the dosage range of 30–100 g/t has extremely low protective properties, but with the citric acid addition, its effectiveness has increased. The best results of the protective effect of 75 % were achieved using citric acid and the second inhibitor.According to laboratory test results, a positive effect of citric acid on the inhibitor effectiveness was revealed. It has been experimentally proved that citric acid can be used to protect oilfield equipment from salt deposits.


Two intermediates, 1,5-dinitroso-3,7-dinitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (DNDS) and 1-nitroso-3,5,7-trinitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (MNX), were isolated and characterized in the synthesis of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) from the nitrolysis of 3,7-dinitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazabicyclo[3,3,1]nonane (DPT) for the first time. When the nitrolysis of DPT was slowed down, two intermediates were detected with HPLC. It was proposed that electrophilic NO2+ and NO+ from HNO3 and N2O4 might attack nitrogen atoms at positions 3 and 7 of DPT to form the cations of the intermediates, then nucleophilic H2O attacked the bridge carbon atoms of DPT to produce the intermediates, which were oxidized to form HMX.


A laboratory experiment was conducted at Department of Agricultural Entomology, Annmalai University, Chidambaram to know the efficacy of some pesticides and biopesticides against A.guerreronis. The treatments used were Phytopalm 1.5g, Phytopalm 1g, Neem azal 1 per cent, Fortune aza 1.5 per cent, Neem Seed Kernel Extract 5 per cent, Neem oil 3 per cent, Nochi leaf extract 3 per cent, Calotrpis leaf extract 5 per cent. For comparing the efficacy of selected botanicals and monocrotophos 0.04 per cent was used as treated check in Randomized Block Design with five replications. How to view point the article : Balaji, K. and Hariprasad, Y. (2016). Evaluation of biopesticides against coconut perianth mite A. guerreronis Keifer under laboratory conditions. Internat. J. Plant Protec., 9(1) : 329-332.


ABSTRACT This paper analyzed tourism resources in Turkish cities. As part of research methodology, a content analysis of official tourism web sites of Turkish cities was conducted. Further, tourism officials in Turkish cities were surveyed to identify their descriptions of the cities they promote. Research results indicate that although Turkey is well-known for its summer destinations, most Turkish cities promote a variety of tourism resources including history, culture, thermal (hot-spa), nature and urban tourism resources. According to the results of content analysis, hot springs are promoted in 51 cities and 12 cities are promoted as thermal tourism destinations. Research findings indicate that combined themes should be used in marketing of Turkish tourism product considering the richness of the country's tourism potential.


Conflict in various forms is a natural consequence of the power of one party to take actions and decisions that affect others. It can be studied from many different standpoints. In policy conflict, the relative complexity or simplicity depends very much on whose interests are being considered as new measures are debated. Many policy issues are more complex than most people thought. They are simplified for public debate. Some interests are marginalized while others remain central to the discussion. Realizing the inherent trade-offs, knowing what elements of debate are present and absent, and what are the causes of the policy structure that we observe are all central to understanding the representative nature of policy conflicts. This is what the book is all about.


The thesis discuss the application of Bayes Theorem and its generalization on construction project. In construction project,all kinds of risks will appear at any moment. Not knowing the form of trsks,it's difficult to manage risks. Bayes method provide an effective way to forecast risks, which can band personality and impersonality together and forecast risks in time with the continuous increase in information. In this way, the forecast will be more accurate,which is in favor of dynamic risk management in construction project.


Supported in part by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers R01HL098199, R03HL110831, and RC37HL60917.

Author Contributions: K.M.D. and M.A.A. designed the study; acquired, analyzed, and interpreted data; and wrote the manuscript. S.A.C. and S.C.E. acquired samples, established cells, and reviewed the clinical information. R.M.T. reviewed and interpreted the pathology. All authors contributed to writing the manuscript.

This letter has an online supplement, which is accessible from this issue's table of contents at www.atsjournals.org

Author disclosures are available with the text of this letter at www.atsjournals.org.


Atmospheric residue fractions were characterized based on detailed structure analysis data obtained from petro-leomics. The physical properties of each fraction were analyzed by applying the estimation method with molecular weight and specific gravity (Method 1) and by applying the group-contribution estimation method with the molecular structure data (Method 2). Vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) for water + atmospheric residue (AR) systems were measured at 603-643 K and 2.0-10.2 MPa with a flow type apparatus and predicted using the Peng-Robinson equation. Average absolute relative deviations of predicted water content in the liquid phase were 25.4 % for Method 1 and 9.9 % for Method 2, suggesting that the group-contribution estimation method is more reliable.


Technologies that have the potential to improve the quality of mental health services are developing at a phenomenal rate. In the current paper, experts from a wide array of disciplines and settings share their perspectives, experiences, and visions for technology-assisted assessment and treatment of serious mental illness in the present and not-too-distant future. First, we examine how technological advancements may help consumers better understand and utilize complex treatment systems, obtain information on mental health conditions and viable interventions, enhance treatment engagement, learn and maintain effective coping strategies, overcome some of the barriers associated with stigma, reduce treatment costs, and increase treatment access and outcomes. We then discuss the advantages of using ubiquitous mobile devices and mobile health approaches specifically, highlighting their potential in facilitating real-place/real-time individualized care. Finally, we identify some of the unique challenges emerging in the development and testing of technological platforms for services, providing suggestions for areas for future research.


The present invention relates to a system for supplying a fuel gas to fuel gas propulsion liquefaction vessel having a high-pressure gas injection engine and low-pressure gas injection engine. The fuel gas supply system, the liquefied fuel gas that stores liquefied fuel gas tank; The fuel gas supply line connected from the liquefied fuel gas tank to the high-pressure gas injection engine; High-pressure pump that is installed on the fuel gas supply line, a compressed liquefied gas fuel; The fuel is provided to the gas supply line, a vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied fuel gas compressed by the high pressure pump to supply to the high-pressure gas injection engine; A compressor for compressing the boil-off gas generated from the liquefied fuel gas tank; Including, and the boil-off gas compressed by the compressor is characterized in that the supply to the low-pressure gas injection engine as fuel gas. According to this structure, by simplifying the configuration of the fuel gas supply system for each of the engine, it is possible to reduce the cost and installation space for the apparatus. A fuel gas supply system, the fuel gas supply line, the high pressure pump, a vaporizer, a compressor


The assessment of the degree of mitral regurgitation has always been difficult and subject to errors. With the growing impetus on surgery in asymptomatic patients, the quantitation of mitral regurgitation has become a crucial part of the assessment of these patients. Several new methods have been developed that are currently utilized and allow the measurement of the lesion severity (Effective regurgitant orifice) and the volume overload (regurgitant volume and fraction) of mitral regurgitation.


The use of IoT technology in home automation systems, industrial automation systems and health care is on the rise. In health care, it is included in devices for fitness and wellness; furthermore, devices for diagnosis, treatment and health care are expected to increase owing to increased demand and aging in the future. This paper shows the system design and implementation of a smart cupping therapy system that aims to provide easy, safe therapy. In our system, the pressure of a cupping boil and therapy time are adjusted like a prescription from a doctor. The system consists of a smart sensing unit that detects and controls the degree of pressure, a ZigBee transmitter and receiver unit that can communicate wirelessly between a cupping device and a ZigBee coordinator, and a GUI application.


Ameloblastoma is a tumor of odontogenic epithelium arising from remnants of dental lamina. It is a benign tumor but locally invasive affecting mandible more than maxilla. Ameloblastomas grow into the bone and soft tissues causing facial disfigurement and facial deformities. Treatment is surgical. We present a case report of 60 year old male with swelling in jaw, biopsy revealed ameloblastoma. Anterior segmental mandibulectomy was done and reconstructed with fibular flap which restored both function and aesthetic appearance.


Reconfiguration of distributed network becomes a viable way to improve grid performance. Manual or automatic switching techniques can be used to reduce power dissipation, increase system security and enhance power quality to ensure that all loads are supplied. Reconfigured network component overloads are also reduced. Change network parameters when split switches are opened and shut down (usually shut down) and connect (usually open). This switch regulates all loads and maintains the network's radial direction. Several researchers have attempted to tackle the grid reconfiguration problem in a variety of methods. A thorough review of network reconfiguration is being carried out in this paper to provide clear guidance for future research.


The effects of oral administration of sulfanilamide in man, on acid-base metabolism have been reported previously (1, 2). Sulfanilamide produces a transient increase in urine pH, CO2 content, sodium and potassium and a transient decrease in urinary ammonia. These urinary changes are associated with a fall in the serum CO2 content and a rise in serum chloride. The inhibition of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase by sulfanilamide was described by Mann and Keilin (3). It is believed that the effects of sulfanilamide on electrolyte and acid-base balance are due to the in-hibition of this enzyme in' the cells of the renal tubules (4). In 1949, Schwartz (5) reported the diuretic effect of sulfanilamide in three patients with congestive heart failure. However, the toxicity of this drug appeared to limit its possible usefulness as a diuretic agent. In 1950, Roblin and Clapp (6) described the preparation and properties of a series of heterocyclic sulfonamides. Their activity as potent inhibitors of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in vitro was further investigated and amplified by Miller, Dessert and Roblin (7). The present study concerns some of the effects of one of these compounds "6063" (Diamox 3 2) (2 acetylamino-1,-3,4 thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide) on electrolyte and acidbase metabolism.


6 right- and 6 left-eye dominant Ss were tested as to the effects of this dominance on the percent of time suppression of conflicting line stimuli in the two eyes occurred. The amount of suppression also depended on whether the suppressed stimulus was a vertical or horizontal line and the distance between the suppressing lines. The results were discussed in terms of several partial explanations regarding rivalry phenomena.


A small library of ferrocene-containing amides has been synthesized using standard amide coupling chemistry with ferrocenylamine. Ferrocene analogues of known bioactive adamantylamides were shown to be effective cannabinoid receptor (CB1 and CB2) agonists, displaying, in many cases, single-digit nanomolar potency. Three final ferrocene-containing derivatives have been characterized in the solid state by X-ray crystallography and display intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the type NH---C═O. N-Methylation of the amide, confirmed by X-ray crystallography, leads to both loss of hydrogen bonding and biological activity.


A reflector assembly for a car lamp comprises a reflector body and a reflector rear support installed on the back face of the reflector body; the reflector rear support comprises a layer board and an elastic element arranged between the reflector body and the layer board; the sealing effect can be ensured while shaking of the reflector body is relieved. The reflector body comprises a reflection face for reflecting lamp light; the reflection face comprises at least two curved faces, so that light emitted from the car lamp has a better projection effect through the reflector. The reflection face is coated with a reflection layer, and the edge of each curved face of the reflection layer is coated with cooling materials of nano heat insulation coatings. Therefore the reflector assembly has the characteristics of high reflection, low heat conduction and multiple vacuum cavities, reflected light can be as high as 95%, and the temperature of the reflector surface is reduced. On the condition that the car lamp works for a long time and the temperature in the car lamp is high, the reflector has the self-cooling function, and damage to the reflector caused by too high temperature can be avoided.


Infusion-related errors expose patients to a high risk of harm. "Smart" infusion pumps that include dose-checking technology are available to help avert potentially harmful medication errors. The role of the smart pump is to "remember" the large number of rules (hospital-defined dosing limits and other clinical advisories) that are entered into the drug library and to apply those rules during pump programming to warn clinicians about potentially unsafe drug therapies.i Equally important, the role of the clinician is to use the technology consistently. Clinicians have sometimes bypassed the built-in safety features, only to realize their true value after a serious error has occurred that could have been prevented. The following scenario describes one such instance.

A 19-year-old obese woman who had recently undergone a cesarean delivery presented in the emergency department (ED) with dyspnea. Believing that the patient had a pulmonary embolism, the physician prescribed an intravenous (IV) heparin bolus dose of 5,000 units, followed by a heparin infusion at 1,000 units/hour. After administering the bolus dose, a nurse started the heparin infusion but mis-programmed the pump to run at 1,000 mL/hour, not 1,000 units/hour (20 mL/hour). By the time the error was discovered, the patient had received more than 17,000 units (a 5,000-unit loading dose and about 12,000 units from the infusion) in less than an hour since her arrival in the ED. A smart pump with dosing limits for heparin had been used.

The programming error should have been recognized before the infusion was started; however, the nurse had decided to bypass the dose-checking technology and had used the pump in its standard mode. It was fortunate that the patient did not experience adverse bleeding, because her activated partial thromboplastin times were prolonged by as much as 240 seconds initially and by as much as 148 seconds two hours later.

After further investigation, it was discovered that most nurses in the hospital, like the nurse involved in this error, were bypassing the dose-checking capability that came with the smart pumps. Although the reasons for not using the technology were not specified in the error report, studies suggest that clinicians might decide to bypass the technology because of:1–4

inaccurately low perceptions of risk.

failure to make adjustments in the drug library when alerts are not credible.

the extra work needed to use the infusion pump's built-in features.

time pressures and clinical emergencies.

a culture that inadvertently supports at-risk behaviors, including technology work-arounds.

Smart pumps that turn on in a standard mode (i.e., without any dose-checking), or that default to a standard mode, can also discourage compliance because it takes extra effort to switch the pump to the dose-checking mode and to access the library. Smart pumps that call for extra effort are more desirable than pumps that turn on in the standard mode because humans can always defeat technology if it is perceived to be a barrier.4

We can compare smart pump technology to a seat belt. Unlike airbags, which are no longer optional safety features that can be bypassed by the user, seat belts are optional equipment and, like dose-checking technology, can be bypassed despite a policy that may require their use. Thus, it is not enough to purchase smart pumps, program the library to enable the technology, distribute the pumps, educate users, and hope that the dose-checking feature will always be used. Clinicians must be encouraged to avoid bypassing safety features and/or to report conditions that encourage work-arounds so that they can be remedied. Promoting the critical thinking necessary to evaluate pump alerts, from both a clinical and a safety perspective, would also limit overrides to situations that have been fully appraised.

Thus, a culture of safety provides a foundation for using smart pumps correctly and heeding the alerts that might arise. Additional measures that can promote compliance with technology and attention to the alerts include:

analyzing pump logs and making necessary adjustments to the drug library.

evaluating all overrides.

publicizing "good catches."

conducting focus groups and satisfaction surveys to solicit nursing feedback.

Health care clinicians should not view the dose-checking feature of smart pumps as an option that can be turned on or off, and they should not bypass alerts that arise from the system without serious consideration. Compliance with dose-checking features should be measured, and any barriers to compliance should be identified and removed. As with other technologies, part of the planning process for smart pumps should include a readiness assessment of the organization, with particular attention directed to its culture.

For every error like the one described earlier in the scenario, many more mistakes could be prevented if smart pump technology were used. Smart pumps can save lives if they are properly designed and if they are used. In fact, failure to use the appropriate safety features will probably be considered suboptimal care in the near future.


room. We would guess that not too many anesthesiologists change their masks for each new procedure; some probably wear the same mask all day long, and some take longer than 15 min to place a neuraxial block. O'Kelly et al. (9) showed similar results of reduced agar plate bacterial growth simply by having mask-less anesthesiologists not speak while sitting in front of the agar plate. Others have even suggested that face masks themselves contribute to the risk of infection by increasing skin scale shedding (10). Because it boils down to opinion whether face masks make neuraxial block placement safer, we can neither emphatically recommend the use of face masks nor resolutely recommend they not be worn. Instead, we now offer an edited photograph as an erratum next to the original (Figs. 1, 2). We can, however, recommend that the reader place a hand over the picture found most objectionable.


Spontaneous healing of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) recovery is frequently observed clinically. However, LVEF on presentation and follow‐up imaging has not been described.


Particle tracing based on 4D Flow MRI has been applied as a quantitative and qualitative postprocessing technique to study temporally evolving blood flow patterns.


A multiantenna system comprising of an eight‐element antenna array in mobile terminal is presented. In this work, two sets of eight‐element antenna structures based on capacitive coupling element and inverted‐F antennas operating at 3400–3600 MHz long‐term evolution frequency band are designed. The structures are estimated to achieve a good effective diversity gain in both uniform and nonuniform environments. It is also shown that the proposed structures achieve an ergodic multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) capacity of only 1.2 bit/(s Hz) lower than the capacity achieved by ideal uncorrelated antennas. A prototype is fabricated to validate the simulation results. The result shows that the structure exhibited the highest mutual coupling of −10 dB across the required frequency band. Therefore, the proposed structure is a good candidate for implementing diversity and MIMO in mobile terminals. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1323–1327, 2014


The invention relates to reaction products of boric acid or their analogs and alkanol amines and their application as anticorrosive in aqueous media for detergents, lubricants and coolants.


Introduction & Objectives A variety of irrigation systems are available during ureteroscopy. We sought to compare gravity-driven pressure bags to hand-operated irrigation pumps; our primary outcome was post-operative infectious complications and secondary outcomes include unplanned re-admissions and emergency presentations. Methods A retrospective analysis of 234 patients undergoing flexible ureteropyeloscopy with laser lithotripsy by 24 supervised trainees over 6 years at a single teaching institution. Patients were divided into those who had procedures performed using gravity driven pressure bags fixed at 60-150 cmH20, versus those who had procedures using a hand operated irrigation pump capable of delivering 1-10mL per flush. Variables including surgical duration, hypotension, fever, sepsis, and haematuria were extracted from the charts, along with the surgical techniques and equipment utilised. Results There was no differences in gender, age, indication, or stone size in the two groups. Post-operative SIRS was significantly greater in the hand-assisted n=11/144 (7.6%) compared to the fixed irrigation group n=1/90 (1.1%); p= 0.032. Emergency room presentations were greater in the hand irrigation group n=46/144 (32%) versus n=12/90 (13%) in the pressure-bag irrigation, p= 0.002. Post-operative fever was also greater in the manual irrigation cohort compared to the continuous pressure cohort (13/144 (9%) versus 1/90 (1%), p= 0.011). No statistical difference was found between the two groups with respect to stone clearance and subsequent procedures required (p=0.123). Conclusions: This analysis suggests that using continuous flow irrigation at a fixed maximum pressure of 150mmHg (204 cmH20) or less may result in decreased pain, infection, and sepsis compared to hand-held pressure irrigation.


Junior Club rugby players from all 4 corners of NSW, ACT and Victoria will come together and compete in the annual NSWJRU State Championships. The Championships is the biggest junior rugby carnival in Australia, held every year over the June long weekend. It is a massive 3 day event involving 7 venues across Sydney, Orange and Camden, with approx 2200 players and over 8000 parents and supporters attending. Over 100 volunteers run this carnival as well as strong support from Metropolitan Referee Associations, the Committees of Sydney and Country Juniors and NSWRU. 2010 venues on 12 & 13 June are


We introduce the concept of potentials (formally analogous to Monderer and Shapley (1996)) for mechanism design problems with interdependent valuations, and relate potentials to implementation in ex-post equilibria. We go on to show that ordinal and cardinal potential coincide in settings with separable valuation functions.


Objective: To investigate the nursing experience of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC) treated by inter-vention or drug treatment.Methods: The author observed the 32 cases with percutaneous intervention or drug treatment,such as diet,psychology and the adverse effect.Results: 6 cases died of gastrointestinal bleeding,4 cases died of hepatic coma,3 cases discharged themselves with the deterioration of diseases,others were improved with relieving symptomofdigestivetract,clinical sign and liver function was no a positive change for a worse.Conclusion: Overall observation of patients and correct nursing can improve clinical effectiveness.


Abstract 2013 curiculum has general learning aim which consist of affective, cognitive, and skills aspect. Thinking skill is part of the main competence which much be learnt in 2013 curiculum. This research develops the learning material in the inquiry based operational amplifier LM 741 discussion to train students' thinking skills. This research aims to measure the validity, effectiveness and practicality of the of the developed learning material. The steps of instructional development of learning material using 4D model by Thiagarajan. Four steps which have been conducted are introduction, design, validation, empiric test and revision The data collecting technique used are observation, interviews, validation, test and non-test. The descriptive analysis is used to analyzed data. The research is conducted at eleventh grade Audio Video Engineering Program at SMKN 2 Penajam Paser Utara. There are 26 students become the research population. The result of the first research shows the validity of learning material get the average of 3.33 among the scale 0-4 and the reliability coefficient of 0.85. The second research result shows that effectivity of the learning set consist of spiritual affective competence achievement which is 3.42; social affective competence is 3.34; cognitive competence is 3.34; thinking skill competence is 3.39 and get criteria of very good, the working skills competence is 3.49; and students' response who like the learning set is 90,38%. The practicallity of the learning material gets the score for 3.86 from the learning implementation. The data analysis shows that (1) learning material get a very good validity, (2) the learning material is very effective in the use based on the competence achievement and students' positive response, and (3) the learning material is very practical based on the observation of the learning implementation. Keywords: Learning Material, Inquiry, Thinking Skills, Operational Amplifier, Validity, Effectivity, and Practicallity.


With the increase on business complexity it's clear that mechanisms of corporate governance (CG) are needed to protect investors and the financial systems of the countries. In this environment of increasing complexity, organizations make use of information technology (IT) to provide support and assist in the leverage and in the control of their business. Therefore companies need to extend corporate governance already exercised in the business areas to the IT area through a model of IT governance. This study was justified by the importance of understanding the relation between corporate governance and IT governance on the organizations, considering that it's observed the emergence of the need for models and tools to assist in the establishment of this relationship, ensuring return on investments in the IT area and evaluating the advantages that the use of technology can bring to organizations. As main objective, this study tried to identify the relationship between corporate governance and governance of information technology maturity in organizations that operate in Brazil. For that indices were designed to measure the maturity level of corporate governance (IGOVCORP) and IT Governance (IGOVTI) and to check their possible relationships, the database was segmented into 3 main groups according to the following conditions: IGOVCORP = IGOVTI; IGOVCORP> IGOVTI and IGOVCORP <IGOVTI. Moreover, it was possible to describe the organizational features of each of these groups. The survey covered 160 companies that operate in Brazil and the research model was built from a theoretical review on the themes of corporate governance and IT governance, including the study of models that seek to assess the maturity of these. Data were collected through selfadministered questionnaire and were treated and analyzed statistically. As results this research proved the moderate correlation between IGOVCORP and IGOVTI and verified that more than half of the companies studied showed better maturity level of IT governance than corporate governance, contradicting most studies identified during the preparation of this thesis providing evidences that IT governance is not presented on practice as a reflection or subset of corporate governance.


Abstract Objectives Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory drug commonly used as an analgesic and in cardiovascular disorders. However, many studies have highlighted its anti-cancer properties, especially in colorectal, lung, head and neck, and breast cancers. In this work, we tried to study the effect of aspirin on the TNF-α-mediated cell survival and death pathways in two cell lines representing two different subtypes of breast cancer. TNF-α-mediated stimulation of a cell can result in its proliferation via the NF-κB pathway or its death via either apoptosis or a programmed form of necrosis called necroptosis. The latter is believed to come into the picture only when apoptosis is inhibited. Methods In this work, we studied the effect of aspirin on the TNF-α-mediated cell survival pathway and observed a decrease in expression of the NF-κB pathway regulators, its nuclear translocation, and phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of aspirin on the TNF-α-mediated cell death showed significant cytotoxicity at the higher doses (5–20 mM) of aspirin in both the breast cancer cell lines. The effect of aspirin on necroptosis was investigated after stimulating the cells with TNF-α and inhibiting apoptosis using Z-VAD-FMK. Results Though no significant effect was noted in breast cancer cell lines, the above protocol successfully induced necroptosis in L929, i.e., a positive control cell line for necroptosis having an intact necroptosis machinery. Even when combined with the chemotherapeutic drugs, the above regime failed to induce any significant necroptosis in breast cancer cells but was found effective in L929. Conclusions Overall, the findings show that while aspirin has the potential to inhibit the TNF-α-mediated cell survival pathway, it does not help sensitize breast cancer cells to necroptotic cell death induction. Highlights – Treatment with aspirin resulted in significant cytotoxicity in both [ER+(T47D) and TNBC(MDA-MB-231)] cell lines used in our study, especially at higher doses. – Interestingly, the lower doses were observed to cause more necrosis or a mixed pattern of cell death, whereas the highest concentration led to predominant apoptosis. –Low-dose aspirin treatment caused significant inhibition of the TNF-α-mediated survival pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the P65 subunit of NF-κB. – Though low-dose aspirin caused downregulation of pro-apoptosis molecules to some extent, there was no significant change in the expression of necroptosis pathway molecules in the breast cancer cell lines. – Also, the breast cancer cells showed resistance to induction of necroptosis using an aspirin-based protocol, although the same resulted in a significant increase in necroptosis in L929 cells. – In future work, a low-dose aspirin-based induction protocol can be exploited to cause cell death by necroptosis in those cancers with well-developed necroptosis machinery.


The temperature dependence of the electron and hole impact ionization coefficients in GaN has been investigated experimentally. Two types of p-i-n diodes grown on bulk GaN substrates have been fabricated and characterized, and the impact ionization coefficients for both electrons and holes have been extracted using the photomultiplication method. Both the electron and hole impact ionization coefficients decrease as the temperature increases. The Okuto–Crowell model was used to describe the temperature dependence of the electron and hole impact ionization coefficients. Based on the measured impact ionization coefficients, the temperature dependence of the breakdown voltage of GaN non-punch through p-n diodes can be predicted; good agreement with experimentally reported results is obtained.


This reference document was prepared for the Office of Research, Demonstration and Innovation of the Federal Transit Administration. The objectives of the study include developing a methodology for determining the return on investment of real-time information systems for bus services, examining the relevant technologies, system boundaries, unit costs and benefits of such systems, and then presenting them within a benefit-cost evaluation structure. This study includes the input of an Expert Panel Workshop to refine the individual cost and benefit elements, and to obtain information from transit agency representatives on how transit agencies measure or would measure a return on investment of these systems. Two approaches are examined for calculating the costs--direct costs, which would only give a model useful for incremental cost calculations, and a fully-allocated approach, which would be more useful for modeling larger deployments. This evaluation also applies the return-on-investment study on an operational system using the evaluation elements and methodology developed for the project. This application of the benefit-cost methodology served as the initial validation of the methodology and its elements. The demonstration concludes with an outline of the types of information required to conduct a benefit-cost analysis of a real-time information system.


Since the end of Cold War, the possibility of Northeast Asian multilateral security regime slowly appears in some aspect. But advent of Bush government and 9.11 tragedy, U.S. world strategy leaned toward neoconservatism and U.S. government adopted a more active, proactive and aggressive security policy, called "Assuring-Dissuading-Deterring-Defeating" in East Asia. And the future of multilateral security regime is confronted with dual restriction, resurrection of nationalism and unsolved "Korean problem." Concerning these restriction, foreign policy of Korea should strengthen Korea-U.S, alliance, Because close Korea-U.S. alliance can control Chinese new hegemony and Japanese rearmament, push continuous "Sunshine policy" to North Korea, and make hub of peace and prosperity in East Asia. We, also, should keep in mind a new role of U. S. army in Korea as a stabilizer and balancer in East Asia after unification of Korean peninsula.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY * The Katrina Emergency Tax Act of 2005 provides tax relief for residents and businesses in the hurricane-ravaged areas of Alabama. Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi. * Tax-friendly rules allow distributions and loans from retirement plans to those persons who lived in the disaster area and suffered economic loss. * The act allows the full deduction of casualty losses in the Hurricane Katrina disaster area and provides tax-free discharge of nonbusiness debts for victims. * Units on the charitable contribution of cash and food inventory have been temporarily modified for all individuals and businesses. * Employers can claim new tax credits for hiring and retaining certain employees in the core disaster area. * The new act extends the tax filing and payment deadlines for those affected by Hurricane Katrina until February 28, 2006. Hurricane Katrina, the costliest catastrophe in American history, caused widespread damage to four states: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi. In an effort to aid the areas hit hardest, President Bush signed into law the Katrina Emergency Tax Relief Act of 2005, and the House and Senate promised additional tax relief. This article discusses the tax relief provided under the act by examining general tax law and the effect the act will have upon it. Though most of the new provisions require a relationship to the disaster areas, CPAs must be aware of certain provisions that any taxpayer can take advantage of. TWO IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS Section 2 of the Tax Relief Act (as elaborated on by IRS Notice 2005-92) defines the Hurricane Katrina Disaster Area as including Alabama, Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi. Section 2(2) defines the Core Disaster Areas as those determined by the President, which include southeastern Louisiana, southern Mississippi and western Alabama. (You can view these areas at www.fema.gov/news/disasters. fema.) Except for the few exceptions noted below, all tax relief to individuals and businesses provided under the act requires a relationship to one of these two disaster areas. Following is a list of the more prominent sections of the act, with a discussion of general non-Katrina tax law and a summary of the act's modifications to that law. THE OLD AND THE NEW REGULATIONS Casualty losses--general law. Individuals can take an itemized deduction for casualty losses to property not connected to a trade or business. A major hurdle to this deduction, however, is that casualty losses must exceed two floors before they are deductible: a $100-per-casualty minimum and a much more significant 10% of adjusted gross income (AGI). Under the normal rules, a taxpayer may deduct only casualty losses not reimbursed by insurance that exceed both of these amounts. IRC section 165(h) allows a taxpayer to treat the casualty losses as having occurred in the taxable year immediately preceding the year of the actual casualty in the case of presidentially declared disaster areas. Casualty losses--Katrina. The timing rules stay the same, but casualty losses that arise in the Hurricane Katrina Disaster Area on or after August 25, 2005, that are attributable to Hurricane Katrina are fully deductible. Taxpayers must itemize their deductions (in lieu of taking the standard deduction). Distributions from retirement plans--general law. Under IRC section 72(0, individuals who make withdrawals from IRAs, 401(k) plans and other retirement savings plans before age 591/2 are subject to a 10% income tax unless special circumstances exist (see "Withdraw Without Penalty," JofA, Aug.05, page 48). Recipients of distributions have 60 days to roll over the distribution to an IRA or another plan to avoid federal income tax. A mandatory 20% federal income tax withholding applies to any eligible rollover distribution that is not transferred by a direct rollover. Loans from qualified plans may not exceed the lesser of $50,000 or 50% of the individual's nonforfeitable accrued benefit under section 72(p). …


This research proposes and empirically tests a model of post adoption process improvements realized through use of partners' Internet-based e-business applications. We identify constructs proposed within adoption and post-adoption use theoretical models as well as presented in existing inter-organizational systems research. Our analysis reveals purely organization-based factors; namely, information systems/technology infrastructure and propensity for like innovations; shape perceptions of process improvement, while technology, or innovation, based and external factors, i.e., ease of use and facilitating conditions respectively, serve as moderators of the relationships between predictors and process improvement.


MR. PE8sIDENT, AND GENTLEMEN,-When, sir, you did me the honour to invite me to read a paper havinp for its subject the late cholera-epidemic in Egypt, I had some difidence in responding to your request, as I felt that, after my report had been present to Her Majesty's Govemment, anything that I might have to say would be robbed of much of Its interest. On reconsideration, however, of the matter, there appeared to me one particular point in that report of such paramount impoitance that it could scarcely fail to prove of interest to this Society, even if much of the old ground were trvelled over again. Having received, too, since the report was written, further corroborative testimony of my views on the origin of the epidemic in Egypt, I thought I might venture to place the matter before you. While this paper, therefore, has no pretensiom to being a comprehensive one on the cholera-outbreak of 1883 in Egypt, but will be strictly limited to an endeavour to explain the origin of the outbreak, yet it will not, I trust, fail in creating an interest among the the members of the Society. If it does this, it will have served the purpose for which it was written. Egypt is a very extensive country. It extends from the Mediter-


We demonstrate that the q-exponential family particularly admits natural geometrical structures among deformed exponential families. The property is the invariance of structures with respect to a general linear group, which transitively acts on the space of positive definite matrices. We prove this property via the correspondence between information geometry induced by a deformed potential on the space and the one induced by what we call β-divergence defined on the q-exponential family with q = β + 1. The results are fundamental in robust multivariate analysis using the q-Gaussian family.


In a photochemical decomposition reaction of the a-Diazoketone 1 in the presence of toluene ring-opening of the adjacent furanoyl substituent occurs as well as conversion of a norcaradiene intermediate thus forming the acetylenic olefinic aldehyde 4 and the dihydrobenzofuran 3. Reaction pathways are derived from the corresponding ketocarbeneoxirene equilibrium in which surprisingly the secondary ketocarbene B-1 gives rise to the formation of the aldehyde 4! No Wolff rearrangement product could be detected.


Review(s) of: Australia 1943: The liberation of New Guinea, by Peter J Dean (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Port Melbourne, 2013, IBSN 9781107037991, Hardcover, 309 pages, RRP $59.95 AUD.


LESTER MANN, Ph.D. Superintendent of Schools Office Montgomery County, Pa. A considerable period of time has elapsed since I first expressed concern for what I regarded to be special education's overcommitments to differential psychoeducational assessment and programming (1967); and in fact since the preparation of my article for this symposium, which more precisely directs itself to special education's overemphasis on the identification and training of "abilities" and "disabilities." Add to this the time required to establish an appropriate board of respondents and then to receive responses-and I was fearful that this symposium might suffer from that most grievous disqualification of the present scenus americanus: irrelevancy. From the quality (and intensity) of our respondents' remarks, it appears happily (or unhappily?) that my fears were unwarranted. My rebuttal will be presented in two parts. The first will deal with the major issues raised by my respondents; redundancy of rebuttal will be avoided except in the interest of maintaining the narrative. The second part will consider an alternative to the ability-disability approaches that I have criticized: the ground game in special education! Before proceeding to deal with my respondents, I would like to state certain pojnts of my present position. 1. I believe that ability constructs are potentially useful; they have been overused and abused these past years; they really have not proven their validity as presently employed. 2. I am in favor of differential assessment and precision in measurement. I do not believe, however, that the instruments we have at present (certainly not the standardized tests) permit the "pinpointing" (a favorite term of the differential psychoeducational assessment movement) of ability and


The main conclusion of the paper is that the issue of the legitimacy of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulnesss has not been satisfactorily resolved. When it comes to the solution in the criminal law of Serbia, there is a serious deficit in terms of the legitimacy of the extreme necessity as a basis for the exclusion of unlawfulness, especially in the case when the threatened good and the one sacrificed are of the same value. Therefore, the prevailing interest theory cannot justify the existing solution. On the other hand, requiring the condition that the person invoking the extreme necessity did not cause danger (which is the specificity of that solution in CC of Serbia), to some extent facilitates solving the complex problem of justifying extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulnesss unlawfulnesss. Discussing the issue of justification, one should start from two approaches that dominate the theory of criminal law: the principle of predominant interest and the principle of solidarity. Those two principles are not so different that they could not be considered as one principle. Moreover, the principle of solidarity if it is based on the principle of predominant interest provides additional justification and persuasiveness. However, solidarity in a situation of extreme necessity must be of a limited nature, and therefore one can speak of the principle of limited solidarity, which is based on the principle of predominant interest. First of all, solidarity must be limited by the value of goods, ie. it can be expected from individuals (or imposed on them through legal norms) only when one sacrifices one's own good of lesser value in order to save someone else's good of greater value (by no means of the same value). Nor can it be expected that someone will sacrifice his own life, even if it would remove the danger from the lives of several people. The scope of solidarity, no matter how it is understood, cannot reach those limits. Furthermore, it is also limited by the fact that solidarity cannot be expected by the one who is responsible for creating the danger, so in this respect the solution from the CC of Serbia is in accordance with the principle of limited solidarity. Solidarity can justify the sacrifice of the goods of others, which legally narrows the limits of their free action. Nevertheless, it still remains an open question whether solidarity means that others voluntarily accept to sacrifice their goods (of lesser value) in order to save one's good (voluntariness could be based not only on altruism, but also on the expectation that the same will be done for apply to them if they find themselves in a situation of danger), or is it a legally imposed solidarity. Problems related to the legitimacy of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulness are also significant for the interpretation of certain conditions for its application. The absence of a convincing justification of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding illegality should result not only in prescribing strict conditions for its existence, but it should also be reflected in its application.


The dialysable heat-stable fraction of human serum stimulates the motility of hamster epididymal spermatozoa in vitro (Yanagimachi, 1970) and produces favourable conditions for capacitation, although the presence of protein is also required to stimulate the acrosome reaction efficiently (Yanagimachi, 1970; Morton & Bavister, 1974). The active fraction from gel-filtered human serum was able to substitute for the motility-stimulating activity normally associated with the hamster cumulus mass (Bavister & Morton, 1974), and it is reasonable to assume at present that the active substances from both sources are similar. Some properties of the serum-derived substance that may assist in its identification are described in the present communication. Freshly collected male human serum was heated to 56\s=deg\Cfor 30 min, and then subjected to ultrafiltration (UM 20E filter, Amicon Corporation). The filtrate was concentrated by freeze drying, and applied to Sephadex G-25 or G-10 columns (73\m=x\0\m=.\95 cm). The columns were prepared and equilibrated with Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered salt solution, pH 7-4; the sample was eluted with the same solution. Fractions (1 ml) were collected, and 15 μ aliquots were mixed with 35-μ1 droplets of a modified Tyrode's solution, containing 25 mM-sodium bicarbonate and 8 mM-glucose, under paraffin oil in a plastic Petri dish (Falcon Plastics). The test drops were mixed with epididymal hamster spermatozoa (final concentration 1 to 2xl06/ml). After incubating under 5 % C02 in air for several hours, sperm motility was assessed as previously described (Bavister, 1974). When the ultrafiltrate of human serum was subjected to chromatography on medium grade Sephadex G-25, several peaks of motility-stimulating activity


Main purpose of this paper is to describe the relationship between slenderness ratio of the steel brace in the Buckling Restrained Brace (BRB) and stiffness of the cover. For the objective, contact analysis of the finite element method is applied to deal with behavior of the steel brace such as transition of mode from lower to higher-order mode. Several examples of the BRB, of which slenderness ratio distributes from 135 to 360, are analyzed. The obtained results are verified through actual experiments. Based on the obtained minimum required stiffness of the covers, relationship between the slenderness ratio of the steel brace and the strength of the cover is analytically formulated.


Leading hypotheses to explain helminth-mediated protection against autoimmunity postulate that type 2 or regulatory immune responses induced by helminth infections in the host limit pathogenic Th1-driven autoimmune responses. We tested these hypotheses by investigating whether infection with the filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis prevents diabetes onset in IL-4–deficient NOD mice and whether depletion or absence of regulatory T cells, IL-10, or TGF- b alters helminth-mediated protection. In contrast to IL-4–competent NOD mice, IL-4–deficient NOD mice failed to develop a type 2 shift in either cytokine or Ab production during L. sigmodontis infection. Despite the absence of a type 2 immune shift, infection of IL-4–deficient NOD mice with L. sigmodontis prevented diabetes onset in all mice studied. Infections in immunocompetent and IL-4–deficient NOD mice were accompanied by increases in CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell frequencies and numbers, respectively, and helminth infection increased the proliferation of CD4 + Foxp3 + cells. However, depletion of CD25 + cells in NOD mice or Foxp3 + T cells from splenocytes transferred into NOD.scid mice did not decrease helminth-mediated protection against diabetes onset. Continuous depletion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF- b , but not blockade of IL-10 signaling, prevented the beneficial effect of helminth infection on diabetes. Changes in Th17 responses did not seem to play an important role in helminth-mediated against autoimmunity, helminth was not associated with a decreased Th17 immune response. This study demonstrates that L. sigmodontis -mediated protection against diabetes in NOD mice is not dependent on the induction of a type 2 immune shift but does require TGF- b


Night Letters is a tale of duplicity, of double cross, and triple cross, of treachery, revenge, vanity, and destruction. It is the story of a country tentatively touching modernity being hurled back in time to when chaos ruled the universe, a chaos not natural, but man made, made not by the unlettered peasant, but by the educated whose hubris brought forth nemesis. It is a play in which there are only villains, a play in which the final act has yet to be written.


Large deviations results with explict order terms and Cramér's series are developed for non-degenerate U-statistics of degree m with Cramér's condition on the kernels using the exponential inequalities of Giné and Arcones (1993) and the contraction technique of Keener, Robinson and Weber (1998). A major part of the results in this talk represents joint work with Professor Neville C.Weber from Sydney University. Let X1, · · · , Xn be independent and identically distributed random variables taking values in the measurable space (X,X ). Consider U-statistics of type ( see, for example, Borovskikh(1996))


The down-converted RF spectrum band is passed on to two chains of five cascaded real low-pass filters and five cascaded complex low-pass filters in parallel to simultaneously scan upper sideband and lower sideband around the local oscillator. In order to detect an energy of multiple narrowband portions simultaneously within the overall wideband detection bandwidth, the cutoff frequencies of five cascaded low-pass filters in each chain are reduced in steps of resolution bandwidth. This greatly reduces the spectrum sensing time owing to the parallel signal processing. In this work, five cascaded super source follower-based real low-pass filters are designed as a part of low power baseband analog spectrum sensing unit with fast spectrum sensing time. In the simulation results using a 65-nm RF mixed-mode CMOS technology, the cutoff frequencies of five cascaded real low-pass filters decreases from 10 MHz to 2 MHz in steps of 2 MHz to detect an energy over 2 MHz resolution bandwidth. The worst noise figure (NF) of the filter chain is about 30.3 dB at the final output, and the total power consumption is 4.4 mW from a 1.2 V supply voltage.


Windbreaks are rows of trees or shrubs arranged on the landscape to reduce wind speed. In agricultural landscapes we find them as farmstead windbreaks, livestock windbreaks and field windbreaks. While farmstead and livestock windbreaks are well accepted by the agricultural community, field windbreaks are often viewed differently. A 1982 study of the attitudes of farmers in Eastern Nebraska indicated that many of the producers were around the age of 50 and that they used different types of windbreaks. This study repeated that survey in the same. When compared to data from 1982, farmers today are not educated about the benefits of windbreaks therefore do not see windbreaks as a benefit and do not care to see them on their land.