Abstract The study performed a comparison analysis of market brand patterns for slim-fit dress shirts and analyzedthe body surface development figure of men in their 40s using 3D body scan data and developed slim-fitdress shirt patterns suitable for middle-aged men. The sizes of slim-fit dress shirt patterns showed a slightdifference depending on brand. The overlap map of slim-fit dress shirt patterns for brands demonstrates howdifference of one-dimensional sizes reflect on two-dimensional patterns. This map provides useful informa-tion for pattern design and allows and easy recognition of pattern size differences. A try-on system evalua-tion through 3D-Simulation allows a grasp of the fitness of neckline and size tolerance of under the arms infront, the silhouette of side lines, and overall fitness in front that also allows analysis of the front/back bal-ance of a shirt in side, the size tolerance proportion in front/back, and the fitness of the arm-hole line. Thus,we obtained try-on results that were equivalent to wearing actual clothing. According to the drafting sizesuggested in the developed final pattern, the total width was 'C/2+5.5cm', and the front was set at 1cm big-ger in the size difference of the front and back. The width of the front neck and the back neck was set iden-tically at 'C/12', while the width of the front neck was set to 'C/12+1.5cm'. For the armhole depth, weadded 'C/4+2cm', and '0.5cm and 1.5cm' for the width of the front and back to anthropometry. The resultsof the try-on evaluation through 3D-Simulation indicated that the fitness of the final slim-fit dress shirt pat-tern was superior to available slim-fit dress shirt patterns on the market and evaluated as superior to thetypes for middle-aged men.Key words: Middle-aged males, The overlap map of slim-fit dress shirt patterns, 3D body scanning data,Body surface development figure; 중년 남성, 슬림 핏 드레스 셔츠 패턴중합도, 3차원 인체스캔데이터, 체표전개도


Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between pathology, operative complications and giant ovarian tumor weighing more than 5,000 g. Materials and Methods: We assessed eleven factors of 18 patients with giant ovarian tumors after surgery, including age, Performance Status (PS), total weight of the tumor, fluid weight of the tumor, pathology, side, preoperative serum D-dimer, rate of Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT), intraoperative complications (rate of intra-abdominal adhesion and blood loss weight), and rate of postoperative ICU management. The subjects were divided into two groups: tumor weight ≥10,000 g (group ≥10,000 g) and tumor weight <10,000 g (group <10,000 g), and the same factors were compared between two groups. Results: The most frequent pathology of giant ovarian tumors weighing more than 5,000 g was found to be adenocarcinoma. Compared with eleven patients of group<10,000 g, seven patients out of group ≥10,000 g had significantly higher PS (median: 3 vs. 1, p<0.05), rate of intra-abdominal adhesion (85.7% vs. 9.0%, p<0.05), fluid weight (15.000 g vs. 4.400 g, p<0.05), blood loss weight (890 g vs. 130 g, p<0.05), and rate of postoperative ICU management (85.7% vs. 18.2%, p<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: Much attention should be paid to patients with giant ovarian tumors who confined to bed more than 50% of waking hours (PS 3 or 4), and aggressive surgery is recommended due to a frequent incidence of cancer.


In this paper, a composite integrity evaluation method of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) based on the constellation situation, observation conditions, measurement noise and application requirements is proposed. Two indicators are suggested, where Minimal Availability of Integrity (MAI) is used to assess the availability of integrity, and Minimal Detectable Effect Holes Ratio (MDEHR) is used to evaluate the proportion of faulty points which may not meet the necessary applications. The integrity performances of GPS, BeiDou, QZSS, IRNSS and their combined systems are assessed in three simulation scenarios based on different constellations, masking angles, User Equivalent Range Error (UERE), alert limit, spatial and temporal variations by the proposed method respectively. This proposed method has a wider serviceability to many GNSS applications related to navigation integrity. It is fit to evaluate the integrity of the whole GNSS constellation or combination systems.


Cash transactions for goods and services in which no receipts are issued greatly increase the risk of tax evasion. Despite the availability of banking services and alternative payment, key sectors of the economy remain largely cash-based in almost all developing countries. This paper shows the apparent strong negative correlation between the use of electronic or formal payments and the size of the shadow economy and reviews the approaches used by tax policy makers and administrators to achieve better control of cash transactions. It argues that the many new and sometimes innovative approaches developed to support the formalization of cash transactions will have little impact on the shadow economy if applied in isolation. A successful strategy to tax cash economy businesses and transactions requires a holistic approach to compliance management in which traditional monitoring and enforcement tools, such as enabling tax administrations to access taxpayer data and match information from various public and private sources, play a key role.


AUTHOR Rossell, Christine; And Others TITLE Assessment of Current Knowledge about the Effectiveness of School Desegregation Strategies. Volume V. A Review of the Empirical Research on Desegregation: Community Response, Race Relations, Academic Achievement and Resegregation. SPONS AGENCY National Inst. of Education (ED), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Apr 81 CONTRACT NIE-R-79-0034 NOTE 343p.; For other volumes of this Assessment Project, see UD 021 862 and UD 022 073-080.


: As a dentist, it is very important to know the occlusal relationship of primary dentition so that any malocclusion in permanent dentition can be predicted at early stages and corrected accordingly by orthodontic treatments. The ideal occlusion and spacing in primary dentition acts as a mirror for the prevalence of malocclusion in the permanent dentition. : The aim of the study was to assess the occlusal relationships between the primary canines and the primary molars and spacings in primary dentition among a group of 3-6-year-old children.: A total of 120 children, comprising of 60 boys and 60 girls aged between 3-6 years irrespective of the race and socioeconomic status were randomly selected. The examination was done using pen light and mouth mirror. The occlusal assessment will be done only on children who are healthy and free from extensive caries that would affect the mesiodistal or occluso-gingival dimension of a tooth and, therefore, influence the occlusal characteristics. The primary molar relationship and the canine relationship will be assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria with the teeth in centric occlusion. Primate space will be measured between primary lateral incisor and canine in the upper and primary canine and deciduous first molar on the lower on both the arches using a digital caliper [0-4 mm]. The obtained data was entered into Microsoft excel and chi-square test will be used for statistical analysis. : The study showed that, on left side, mesial step molar relationship was found in 53.3% boys and 55% girls, whereas on right side, 55% of boys and 51.6% of girls showed mesial step molar relationship. On left side, 77% of boys and 70% of girls showed class I canine relationship. On right side, 73% of boys and 67% of girls showed class I canine relationship. Primate spacings were found in 77% of children in maxilla and 84.7% of mandible.: The in vivo study concluded that, 1. Mesial step molar relationship was the most common Occlusal relationship of primary molars. 2. Class I canine relationship was the most common canine relationship in primary dentition. 3. Maxillary arch showed more percentage of primate spacings than mandibular arch. The early identification of molar and canine relationships and spacing present will help in prediction of future permanent molar relationship and probable future malocclusion.


First measurements of plasma parameters in an expander of a mirror trap with sub-fusion plasma parameters are reported. Potential drop near the end plates of the expander appears to be much lower than the electron temperature in the center of the trap. Characteristic energy of electrons in the expander region is also substantially lower than the electron temperature in the confinement plasma. Variation of the magnetic field expansion ratio K between 30 and 160 does not influence the main parameters of the confinement plasma. Electron temperatures of the confinement plasma of about 700 eV were achieved at K = 30.


The effects of LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) emitting different colours namely red, blue, red and blue, and white lights on vegetative growth and fl ower initiation of Phalaenopsis have been evaluated. Phalaenopsis"otohine/taisuco fi re bird" seedlings in vitro were subjected to different light qualities for either 2 or 4 weeks, and then each seedling was planted in a plastic pot containing sphagnum and grown in the growth chamber under similar light quality for 3 months. For fl ower induction, mature Phalaenopsis plants having 4 – 6 leaves were grown for 3 months in the growth chamber under different light qualities. The leaf span, chlorophyll, gibberellin and cytokinin content were determined. In addition, the expressions of FT-like gene in the leaf, axillary bud, fl ower bud and stalk were examined. Vegetative growth was enhanced under blue, red-blue or white LEDs compared to that of the control. Gibberellin and cytokinin content increased in the seedlings subjected to white LEDs. Based on the average of leaf span increment it was suggested that the growth of Phalaenopsis seedlings can be promoted by giving either blue, red-blue or white LEDs. From the second experiment, it was found that fl ower induction in Phalaenopsis can be obtained in plants that had just fi nished fl owering without the application of LEDs. The expression of FT-like gene in the leaf as well as fl ower bud and stalk suggests that this gene is involved in fl ower regulation of Phalaenopsis.


Like the best among his Orientalist predecessors, Dresch has fallen under the spell of these Yemeni writing strategies. He assumes the heavy burden of presenting them without blot or blemish, of getting them right under the hard eye of potential Yemeni critics. And like Doughty, Landberg, and Musil, to name but a few, he cannot resist adding Western writing strategies to Arabian ones as he works under their infectious magic. The result is a book in which geographical features, environmental patterns, oral quotation, documentary citation, epigraphy, names, genealogies, poetry, and narrative are all given a place. This is the work of an author who believes that careful and diligent research will enable him to move important dimensions of Yemeni social experience and thinking into writing. The impulse for ethnographic inscription, we are told by the followers of Foucault, lies in a quest for power, for domination through knowledge. But Dresch's study reminds us that ethnographic inscription, whatever its underlying links with a quest for power, can also be directly inspired by indigenous writing practices. Furthermore, Tribes, Government, and History in Yemen shows us, by the example of Yemenis, that strategies of inscription can also serve a love of dignity and justice and a desire for peace and security. The Yemeni pen is admittedly closely associated with the Yemeni sword. The tribesmen have lived in circumstances that have brought problems of conflict and violence into the foreground of social life. Nonetheless, their scriptural impulses are primarily inspired by the wish to live with, rather than to master, others.


The application of modern bulk emulsion explosive systems at an underground gold mine resulted in a 57% improvement in gold dilution. While this improvement is impressive and could be expected to be achieved at other sites, the work required to assess and demonstrate the benefits is painstaking. Forty-eight rings involving a total of approximately 50 000 tonnes of ore were monitored using various modern surveying instruments over a 6-month period. The geometric data included blasthole locations and deviation, and the cavity monitoring of stopes. Implementation of a bulk emulsion system not only provided logistical benefits but it also has the desirable explosive properties associated with reducing the effects of blast damage and blast dilution.


Exact expressions are given for the mean and variance of errors that result when rounding and truncation is performed on both sign-magnitude (SM) and two's complement (TC) finite accuracy number representations. The results are significantly different from those of the often-used continuous model in the important case of one- or two-bit quantization.


An efficient preactivation protocol for the highly α-stereo-selective glycosylation of2-deoxy- and 2,6-dideoxysugars has been developed using acetyl-protected 2-deoxy- and 2,6-dideoxythioglycosides as glycosyl donors. The approach allows a wide range of glycosyl acceptors and donors to be used.


This article provides an overview of a presentation of the environmental assessment process for drugs in the United States from the joint DIA/HESI/SAPS conference on Environmental Assessment of Human Medicines held in Stockholm, Sweden, May 22–23, 2006.


The paper explores that the developmental appraisal of the teaching of Moral Education should be based on students' development.It stresses the integration of appraisal contents,the pluralism of the appraisal subjects,the multiplicity of the appraisal ways,and the humanization of the appraisal process.The developmental appraisal can also promote students' persistent,comprehensive and harmonious improvement.


This research is situated in the area of gender. The impetus of this research is based on the significant lack of women at the higher echelons of academic management in the Institute of Technology sector. Such a study is important in order to develop an understanding of how academics experience gender in the workplace and how such experiences impact on their careers. Identifying a philosophy is essentially about identifying truth and for this study truth is the lived experience of participants.
Contextually this study is conducted in an Irish Institute of Technology setting, within the naturalistic paradigm, using an exploratory case study research design.

Secondary data is collected in the form of observations and documentations. Primary data is collected through seventeen semi-structured interviews with thirteen women and four men. A stratified, purposive, non-probability sampling approach is used which includes academics at different grades and disciplines from lecturer to senior academic managers. A qualitative methodology is employed using several phases of iterative thematic analysis using inductive and deductive approaches.

Key research questions addressed in this study provide evidence of the existence of gendered bias speculated in the existing literature at three levels, organisational, group and individual. This study builds on previous research as it unbundles and extends the analysis of gendered practices and highlights variations in gender related issues faced by women academics in the IoT sector, such as, structural placement and control of women. Specifically, there is some evidence that, as a result of gendered bias, academic women face an additional barrier in the workplace, shame. In addition, women are more reluctant than men to put themselves forward for advancement due to these practices. A conceptual framework for analysis of gender bias at organisational and group level, and their impacts at individual level and career direction scaffold the research.


ABSTRACT A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of a commercial and a crab meal-supplemented diet on sensory properties of southern flounder ( Paralichthys lethostigma). Proximate analysis, color, fatty acid composition, texture and sensory analyses were performed on the fillets. A significant difference in flavor was found between fillets fed on a commercial or a crab-meal supplemented diet. No significant difference was found between the fish fillets when comparing fat, protein, fiber content and texture. However, fatty acid composition and color were significantly affected by dietary treatment. The data suggest that crab-meal supplemented finishing diets could be utilized to enhance final product quality.


"Chemistry is fun because you feel like Sherlock Holmes, looking at small details, being precise, making hypothesis and challenging yourself to see if you are right or not … My motto is the chances of succeeding in the lab are higher if you are a team player and a highly motivated and hard-working person …" Find out more about Alicia Casitas in her Introducing … Profile.


X-ray transitions in Ne excited by impact of 1.4 MeV/amu Ar12+, Xe24+ and Pb40+ have been studied using a high-resolution crystal spectrometer (Johannson type). The prevailing transitions in the satellite and hypersatellite spectra of Ne are assigned to few-electron systems. For Ar12+ impact the spectra consist mainly of lithium- and helium-like transitions; for the heavier projectiles (Xe24+) helium- and hydrogen-like transitions dominate.


Bacillus circulans NRRL B‐30644 (now Paenibacillus terrae) was previously reported to produce SRCAM 1580, a bacteriocin active against the food pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. We have been unable to isolate SRCAM 1580, and did not find any genetic determinants in the genome of this strain. We now report the reassignment of this activity to the lipopeptide tridecaptin A1. Structural characterization of tridecaptin A1 was achieved through NMR, MS/MS and GC‐MS studies. The structure was confirmed through the first chemical synthesis of tridecaptin A1, which also revealed the stereochemistry of the lipid chain. The impact of this stereochemistry on antimicrobial activity was examined. The biosynthetic machinery responsible for tridecaptin production was identified through bioinformatic analyses. P. terrae NRRL B‐30644 also produces paenicidin B, a novel lantibiotic active against Gram‐positive bacteria. MS/MS analyses indicate that this lantibiotic is structurally similar to paenicidin A.


We consider the construction of optimal portfolio for maximizing a powerutility at the final time. For managing the portfolio, we control the amounts of the bank account and several bonds with different maturities. The dynamics of bond price is given through the parabolic type in五nite-dimensionalfactor model with boundary noises. By using the dynamic programming approach, we obtain the optimal portfolio in the incomplete market.


In this paper, a novel quantum dot (QD) based nanomaterial system is presented for efficient FRET analysis. The quantum dots have been embedded in hydrogel microspheres based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) a thermoresponsive polymer that undergoes a volume phase transition across the low critical solution (LCST). The optical properties of the quantum dots entrapped within the gel microspheres has been modified due to change in refractive index, volume density of the surrounding hydrogel medium. The QDs encapsulated in the PNIPAM microspheres showed 100–200 % enhancement in the PL efficiency as the microgels shrank at the temperature above the LCST temperature of the gel.


Recently, a number of researchers have investigated a class of algorithms that are based on multilevel graph partitioning that have moderate computational complexity, and provide excellent graph partitions. However, there exists little theoretical analysis that could explain the ability of multilevel algorithms to produce good partitions. In this paper we present such an analysis. Weshow under certain reasonable assumptions that even if no refinement is used in the uncoarsening phase, a good bisection of the coarser graph is worse than a good bisection of the finer graph by at most a small factor. We also show that for planar graphs, the size of a good vertex-separator of the coarse graph projected to the finer graph (without performing refinement in the uncoarsening phase) is higher than the size of a good vertex-separator of the finer graph by at most a small factor.


Extraction of a cataract may in rare cases be complicated by endophthalmitis, if the surgical intervention causes pathogenic bacteria to enter the eyeball. Neveu et al. found this complication in 0.81 per cent of 1226 patients submitted to intraocular operation. According to Leopold e t al., some other workers have found varying frequencies for this complication, the majority a scant 1 per cent, however, possibly lower after pre-operative antibiotic treatment. One usually aims at avoiding this unfortunate complications by forbearing to operate on patients whose conjunctivae on clinical examination raise suspicion of infectious conjunctivitis. Also, many surgeons submit the conjunctiva to antibiotic treatment prior to the operation. Bacteriologic analysis of the conjunctiva can be carried out pre-operatively. In many cases, however, such an analysis gives an unsatisfactory answer, because one does not know whether the bacteria found are pathogenic r: merely accidentally present, harmless saprophytes. I have devised a gualztitative-cytologic method by which it is possible to decide whether or not the conjunctiva is infected (Norn). In the present series of patients with cataract I have employed both the quantitative-cytologic method and the bacteriologic analysis.


TRIPARANOL (MER-29) has been shown by BLOHM and MACKENZIE (1959) to be an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis. Administration to rats causes an accumulation of desmosterol (24-dehydrocholesterol) in both serum and tissues (AVIGAN, STEINBERG, VROMAN, THOMPSON and MOSETTIG, 1960), and this suggested that desmosterol is an immediate precursor of cholesterol in vivo. Further work by STEINBERG and AVIGAN (1960) has shown the existence in rat liver of an enzyme, desmosterol reductase, which catalyses the reduction of the A24 double bond of desmosterol to form cholesterol. Although the administration of the drug had no effect on the brain cholesterol of adult rats, BLOHM, KARIYA and LAUGHLIN (1959) and SCALLEN, CONDIE and SCHROEPFER (1961) showed that its administration caused a marked increase in desmosterol in the brain of mice during the first 30 days of life. This suggested that the administration of the drug might provide a novel method of investigating myelin formation and it was thought possible that a type of cholesterol neurolipidosis might be produced. Accordingly a study of myelination in mouse brain was made using certain lipid stains, enzyme histochemistry and quantitative sterol determinations, and the results are reported here.


The no reflow phenomenon is a not rare complication that occurs in up to 30% of patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing myocardial reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention. The use of coronary artery thrombus aspiration or distal embolization protection systems has reduced the risk of distal embolization and no-reflow phenomenon.

 We describe the case of a 77 year old female suffering from hypertension presented at our emergency department for inferior STEMI. An urgent coronary angiography was performed, showing a three-vessel coronary artery disease with right coronary artery sub-occluded in the middle segment (culprit lesion), with a voluminous endoluminal minus image, as intracoronary thrombosis. Before performing the coronary angioplasty, a Spider FX3 filter was placed on the distal segment of the right coronary artery; thrombus aspiration was performed, which was ineffective, then angioplasty and Zotarolimus eluting stent implantation in the mid segment of the right coronary artery. After stent implantation, an image of minus was highlighted inside the basket of the filter, as a migrated and incarcerated thrombotic formation; then, the filter was removed. During the removal of the filter, longitudinal crush of the distal portion of the stent is caused, with limitation of the downstream flow, in the absence of haemodynamic instability. The stent was recrossed with Fielder XT guidewire supported by Turnpike LP Microcatheter. Multiple dilations werenperformed with semi-compliant and non-compliant increasing-caliber balloons and then Zotarolimus eluting stent implantation, in partial overlap with the distal portion of the previously implanted stent, with TIMI flow 3. The echocardiogram showed a normal global systolic function, with alterations in regional kinetics. On the 6th day, angioplasty and Zotarolimus eluting stent implantation was performed on the mid-proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery. During the hospitalization the patient was stable and has been discharged in good condition on the ninth day.

 The interest of this case is the evidence of a rare complication related to the use of distal embolization protection system, probably due to an incomplete closure of the filter before removal, due to the high amount of thrombotic material inside it. The rapid recrossing of the stent after the longitudinal crush, the angioplasty and the second stent implantation, led to a quick flow restoration, without haemodynamic and clinical consequences on the patient's outcome.


The authors consider the statistical mechanics of a lattice of orbitally degenerate magnetic ions coupled by superexchange. In such systems the ordering phenomena involve orbital as well as spin moments and may lead to various ordered phases and phase transitions. In particular, it is shown that the characteristic product form of the superexchange coupling leads, by a sign-reversal mechanism, to orbital phase transitions that occur at temperatures small compared with the Neel temperature for spin ordering. To treat such systems they develop an approximation scheme based on a 'factorisation approximation' which separates the total problem into spin and orbital subproblems. Detailed calculations are given for the specific case of 3d ions with triplet crystal-field orbital ground levels in perovskites.


Our work is motivated by the desire to design a switching fabric with very large aggregate capacity. In this paper, we consider a parallel switching architecture consisting of multiple planes, with each plane working independently. Different from previous research into parallel packet switches, this new architecture tries to perform load balancing at the variable-length packet level. Furthermore, to guarantee the performance of end-to-end flow and to provide differentiated QoS using a traffic manager which works slower than the line rate, we designed a packet load balancing algorithm in the flow mapping manner. We show that such a flow mapping is practical, and can be implemented using state-of-the-art commercial SRAM.


During 197 4, several of my clients with large dairy calf raising operations suffered exceptionally heavy losses from calf diarrhea. The diarrhea, for the most part, did not pose a problem until the calves were about one week old. Starting usually at the fifth to seventh day of age and continuing until the calves died or recovered 5-10 days later, diarrhea severe enough to require treatment affected close to 90% of the calves. Diarrhea-related mortality at 30 days of age varied from 20-35%. Good sanitation, combined with antibiotic and electrolyte therapy, seemed to have little effect on the course of the disease. The calf management in these herds was considered equivalent to or better than what was working elsewhere within the area.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of the psychoactive substances used among the college students from the Medicine course in the Center of Health Sciences in, Espirito Santo Federal University. METHODS: It is a exploratory, descriptive, transversal and quantitative study developed within 168 college students of Medicine from the first to the last year of the course. The instrument used to collect data was the Questionnaire on Drug Abuse, an adaptation from the questionnaire proposed by WHO1. The data had been tabulated through the Social Science Program Statistical Package (SPSS)2. RESULTS: Overall, 54.8% of the college students are females, 76.8%, from 17 to 22 years and 50% belonging to social class "B". As for the use of psychoactive substances, a high prevalence of alcohol was founded (86.9%), followed by tobacco (22.0%), solvents (15.5%), amphetamines (10.1%), cannabis (9.5%), hallucinogens (1.8%) and barbiturates (0.6%). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to prevent the psychoative substance abuse among college students, introducing curricular disciplines on the theme or specific programs to attend these students.


A two-step, catalytic, anhydrous solution process was developed for the preparation of the polycarbonate of 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol-A). It involves the preparation of the dichloroformate of bisphenol-A followed by its condensation with bisphenol-A in the presence of magnesium metal. Attempts were also made to develop a one-step, catalytic solution process. The reaction of bisphenol-A with phosgene, in the presence of aluminum chloride, a very powerful catalyst, led to polymers with reduced viscosities as high as 0.35. Higher viscosities were not obtained due to the lack of a suitable, nonreactive solvent.


(1) Soil nutrient content was studied in relation to vegetation development on thirteen abandoned pastures differing in age from two to eight years and in intensity of pasture use from light to heavy. The surface soils of these sites had higher cation concentration and pH than those of undisturbed mature forest of the area, but similar phosphorus, organic matter and total nitrogen concentrations. (2) Soil nutrient concentration generally was independent of age or prior intensity of use in the pastures. Pasture use has a significant effect on soil nutrient concentration when the sites are first abandoned, but this does not persist. Nutrient uptake by successional vegetation may substantially reduce soil nutrient stocks. (3) Soil nutrient concentration was not significantly correlated with vegetation biomass, primary tree biomass or species richness, either among or within sites. (4) Nutrient depletion of pastures abandoned eight years previously relative to total nutrient stocks in mature forest depended on pasture disturbance. Sites previously subjected to low use were only depleted of N, moderate-use sites were depleted of N and K, and heavy-use sites were depleted of N, K, Mg and possibly Ca and P. There was less nutrient depletion than the relatively small biomass of the successional sites would indicate. This was due to a higher proportion of nutrient-rich leaves and fine branches, enriched soil nutrient stocks relative to mature forest and, on the lightly disturbed sites, a large pool of nutrients in unburned woody residue. (5) Decomposition of unburned woody residue may provide one-half of the nutrients taken up by vegetation during eight years of recovery following light pasture use, but only 15% following moderate use, and none following the most intense use. (6) General schemes of succession following deforestation for pasture development are presented. Recovery after disturbance is complex, and follows different patterns depending on the intensity of pasture use.


We recently reviewed the article "Fomepizole as an adjunct in acetylcysteine treated acetaminophen overdose patients: a case series" by Link et al. [1]. The authors conclude that adjunctive fomepizole contributed to "better-than-expected outcomes" in a series of fourteen patients with elevated acetaminophen concentrations. However, we are concerned that the authors' reported conclusions are not fully supported by the presented data. Using the APAP AT multiplication product as a means of risk stratification, the authors conclude that adjunctive therapy with fomepizole prevented or mitigated hepatotoxicity in these patients. While the multiplication product can be a useful prediction tool, the authors suggest that the coexistence of an elevated multiplication product (>10,000) without hepatotoxicity was the result of fomepizole administration. However, in the cited study examining the performance of the multiplication product, 38% (10/26) of patients with a multiplication product >10,000 did not develop hepatotoxicity [2]. Therefore, it is difficult to conclude that this case series demonstrated "better-than-expected outcomes" when the same outcome was observed in almost 40% of a similar cohort without fomepizole administration. In addition, we also have concerns about the presence of potential confounders and their influence on the multiplication product. The multiplication product is calculated by multiplying the acetaminophen concentration and serum aminotransferase, using the higher value of either the AST or ALT. In this series, three out of the five cases with a multiplication product >10,000 were driven by significant elevations in AST without similar elevations in ALT. The authors report that an elevated AST:ALT ratio is considered a high-risk feature of death [3], but we would like to highlight that this pattern is also suggestive of rhabdomyolysis. Indeed, the case descriptions, such as critical illness in Case 9 and history of stimulant use and epilepsy in Case 10, warrant an evaluation for concurrent rhabdomyolysis. Several studies have reported that the AST:ALT ratio is significantly larger in rhabdomyolysis when compared to patients with acetaminophen toxicity [4,5]. In this series, elevations in creatinine kinase would limit the utility of the multiplication product in predicting hepatotoxicity risk and could confound the authors' conclusion that fomepizole influenced the observed outcomes. Finally, the authors' stated goal was to determine the safety of fomepizole in the setting of acetaminophen overdose. However, there is no clearly defined outcome measure of safety or anticipated adverse effect profile reported. It is also unclear if the data presented were collected prospectively or retrospectively, with the latter much more susceptible to omission from chart review. Admittedly, fomepizole is generally well-tolerated, and the frequency of adverse events related to fomepizole is likely to be low. Therefore, a small case series is unlikely to identify clinically meaningful adverse effects. However, we agree that fomepizole is likely safe based on the experience with fomepizole in other clinical contexts [6]. We applaud the authors' efforts to describe their experience with adjunctive fomepizole in the setting of acetaminophen overdose. Given the number of recently published case reports and case series on this topic, we look forward to moving from observational to comparative analyses to better understand the role of fomepizole in this setting.


The scattered performance of different pigment is dissimilar. Besides the dosage of disperser, the scattered speed, the scattered time, the disperser density, the kind of disperser can have the influence to the dispersion effect. This article had considered emphatically the silicon dioxide and precipitated calcium carbonate′s scattered conditions. Then examine the scattered effect separately under the dissimilar condition.


Abstract. The cracks and scratches inevitably generated by previous grinding and polishing significantly lower the ability of laser resistance of optical substrates. In this study, the artificial indentations, scratches, and structural defects imbedded with metal nanoparticles are fabricated. The laser-induced damage characteristics of such defects in different types and sizes are investigated qualitatively and quantitatively under 1064-nm laser irradiation. Moreover, the etching effect on improving the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of artificial defects under different etching conditions is analyzed. LIDT is then evaluated according to the etching depth and the morphologies of artificial defects.


The Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain is subjected to large scale soil alkalization. In order to map and characterize salt-affected soils, with the aim of applying management techniques, Etah district in Uttar Pradesh, located between 26oo45' to 28o02' N and 78o15' to 79o20' E was selected. Multidate, high resolution, IRS-LISS II, geocoded FCC images on 1550 000 scale were used. Integrating visual image interpretation, physiographic analysis, ground data and laboratory analysis of soil samples, a legend for mapping salt-affected soils (SAS) was formulated. Based on variations in physicochemical properties: nature, intensity and depth wise distribution of salts, five categories of SAS requiring specific reclamation measures were identified. Soil categories S2, S3 and S4 have a gypsum requirement (GR) of 20, 12 and 4t/ha-1 respectively. Reclamation of medium to heavy textured highly alkali soils requires the addition of amendments and a rice-wheat rotation for the initial 3-4 years. Under resource constraints, pit planting of Prosopis juliflora can bring about slow but effective reclamation. The soil category S5 is slightly alkali in the substratum, needing only biological reclamation by growing salt tolerant varieties of rice and wheat crops. Soils of category S1 are saline and need management by hydrological treatments. Incorporation of village boundaries on a map showing SAS would facilitate decision taking in planning reclamation projects and accelarate management operations directly at village level.


When preemies weighing less than 800 g survive—as more and more of them do—parents want to know what quality of life their child can expect. The answer is that, despite the risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities difficulties are rarely severe, resources are available for overcoming problems, and more of these children will live a normal, productive life.


Recent discoveries enabled us to divide medulloblastoma into molecular sub-groups and uncover novel mutations in these tumors. However, except for superior survival of the WNT sub-group, the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these observations remain unclear. TP53 mutations which confer radioresistance revealed conflicting clinical relevance in different studies. We hypothesized that the effect of TP53 mutations on survival is modulated through molecular sub-grouping. This is especially important since therapeutic targeting of WNT can be achieved with administration of lithium. Here we first confirmed that TP53 mutant tumors confers unfavorable outcome only in SHH subgroup, but not in WNT. We demonstrated that while TP53 mutations cause radioresistance, activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling radiosensitizes medulloblastoma cells. We demonstrated that lithium activates the WNT pathway and effectively sensitize medulloblastoma cells to radiation. Furthermore, lithium did not sensitize normal neural stem cells to radiation, suggesting its potential as an effective radiosensitizer for medulloblastoma. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to sincerely thank my supervisor Dr. Uri Tabori for accepting me as his first graduate student and for providing me with guidance and support throughout my entire academic training. Dr. Tabori provided many opportunities for my academic advancement and was genuinely interested in and supportive of my pursuit of my personal goals in the field of healthcare. His constant encouragement and advice greatly contributed to a pleasant and productive graduate experience. I would also like to thank the members of my program advisory committee, Dr. David Malkin, Dr. Rob Bristow and Dr. Benjamin Alman for expertise provided to me throughout my training, for their guidance and support during these two years. A tremendous thank you extends to our SickKids and international collaborators and their teams, Dr. Michael Taylor, SickKids, Dr. Vijay Ramaswamy, SickKids, Dr. Steve Clifford, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK and Dr. Stefan Pfister, German Cancer Research Center, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg and University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany for their contributions to the evolution of this project. I also want to thank Dr. Berivan Baskin and the staff from the Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, SickKids, for their contribution to this project. Many thanks are due to Dr. Eric Bouffet for his mentorship during my academic training. I would also like to mention our lab technician, Cindy Zhang for her constant support through my work in the lab. She provided an enormous amount of her time and her extensive expertise in working with stem cells to perform normal neuronal stem cell experiments. In addition she never fails to step forward and offer help to troubleshoot an experiment or to advise on a better technique to use.


Simple Summary High-throughput CRISPR screening provides an unbiased way for functional genomic studies in hematological malignancies. This approach has been used to study different blood cancers aiming to identify modulator genes for drug efficacy, therapeutic targets, synthetic lethal interactions, biomarkers of malignant transformation and the genetic determinants of immune evasion. In this review, we discuss the most relevant CRISPR screening studies in the field of hematology. Abstract CRISPR is becoming an indispensable tool in biological research, revolutionizing diverse fields of medical research and biotechnology. In the last few years, several CRISPR-based genome-targeting tools have been translated for the study of hematological neoplasms. However, there is a lack of reviews focused on the wide uses of this technology in hematology. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the main CRISPR-based approaches of high throughput screenings applied to this field. Here we explain several libraries and algorithms for analysis of CRISPR screens used in hematology, accompanied by the most relevant databases. Moreover, we focus on (1) the identification of novel modulator genes of drug resistance and efficacy, which could anticipate relapses in patients and (2) new therapeutic targets and synthetic lethal interactions. We also discuss the approaches to uncover novel biomarkers of malignant transformations and immune evasion mechanisms. We explain the current literature in the most common lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms using this tool. Then, we conclude with future directions, highlighting the importance of further gene candidate validation and the integration and harmonization of the data from CRISPR screening approaches.


Caching contents in small cell base stations (SBSs), namely, caching-enabled SBSs, has become a promising technology for mitigating burdens of macro cell base stations and backbone links. However, as some SBSs may be malicious, how to provide a secure caching scheme becomes challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel secure caching scheme in heterogeneous networks for multi-homing users. Firstly, to achieve availability of cached contents, a trust mechanism is designed to verify the reliability of each SBS. Then, we investigate the interactions among mobile users and SBSs according to Stackelberg game, where the trusted SBSs are selected to provide caching space for mobile users with multi-homing access. In addition, we investigate the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE) to jointly maximize the utilities of SBSs and mobile users. Extensive simulations validates the efficiency of the proposed scheme by evaluating the reliability and effectiveness to cache contents.


This study investigated the convergent and discriminant relationships between a children's life satisfaction measure, the Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS; Huebner, 1991a), and a widely used self-concept measure, the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale (Piers, 1984). Correlational and regression analyses demonstrated stronger relationships between the SLSS and the Piers-Harris Happiness and Satisfaction subscale compared to the other Piers-Harris subscales. The results of a conjoint principal components analysis also revealed predictable overlap between the SLSS and the Piers-Harris Happiness and Satisfaction subscale. Implications for future research are discussed.


Catecholamines that are released in excess during human labor are inactivated mainly by catechol‐0‐methyltransferase (COMT). To ascertain whether uterine contractions are associated with changes in COMT activity in red blood cells (RBCs), we studied 25 women with established threat of preterm labor between 25 and 33 weeks of gestation, 25 gestational age‐matched control women not experiencing uterine contractions, 25 women who were in term labor, and 25 non‐pregnant healthy women. COMT activity in pregnant women without uterine contractions (median 0.3, range 0.1–0.8 pmoUmg/min) was lower (p< 0.05) than that in non‐pregnant control series (median 0.5, range 0.3–0.7 pmoUmg/min). RBCs' COMT activity in women with preterm labor (median 0.6, range 0.2–1.1 pmoUmg/min) was greater (p<0.05) than that in pregnant and non‐pregnant control women, but similar to that during term labor (median 0.5, range 0.2–1.7 pmoU mg/min). Women with preterm labor were treated with indomethacin (12 women) or nylidrin (13 women). Nylidrin treatment was accompanied by a 35% rise in COMT activity 3 h later, whereas indomethacin caused no significant change. Apart from cessation of uterine contractions during tocolysis, 13 women went into labor before the 37th gestational week, but their pretreatment COMT activity (median 0.7, range 0.2–1.1 pmol/mg/min) did not differ from COMT activity in women whose pregnancy proceeded to term (median 0.5, range 0.3–1.0 pmoUmg/min). We conclude that 1) uterine contractions, no matter whether preterm or term, were associated with elevated COMT activity in RBCs;, 2) COMT assay was of no help in predicting the outcome of premature contractions;, 3) nylidrin led to a short‐term increase in COMT activity.


This study aims at investigating the impact of globalization on industrial development in Vietnam. Empirical analysis is done by using time series data for the period from 1995 to 2015. The paper tested the stationary, cointegration of time series data and utilized error correction modeling technique to determine the short-term relationships among industry value added, globalization, foreign direct investment, balance of trade, exchange rate and reserves variables. The results show that globalization, measured by the KOF index, promotes industrial development and that Vietnam has gained from integrating into the global economy. The overall index of globalization has positively and significantly impacted on the industrial development in Vietnam in the short run as well as in the long run. The results also indicate that foreign direct investment has had a massive effect on the development of the Vietnamese industrial sector in the long run. The study further reveals that balance of trade has affected industrial development positively in the long run. Moreover, the exchange rate was found to be positively influential toward industrial development in the long run but it has had a negative effect on the industrial sector in the short run. In addition, reserves have negatively affected industrial performance in the long run but have had an insignificant impact in the short run.


In this paper, we study the global stability in determination of a coefficient in the transmission wave equation from data of the solution in a subboundary over a time interval. Providing regular initial data, we prove a hölder stability estimate in the inverse problem with a single measurement. Moreover, the exponent in the stability estimate depends on the regularity of initial data.


Limited literature exists describing the relative contribution of NO and/or PGI2 to endothelium‐dependent relaxation in the brachial and femoral arteries of humans or animals. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that NO and PGI2 have similar relative contributions to endothelium‐dependent relaxation in brachial and femoral arteries of quadrupeds. To test this hypothesis brachial and femoral arteries were harvested from 11 female miniature Yucatan swine. In vitro assessments of vasorelaxation to increasing doses of endothelium‐dependent (acetylcholine and bradykinin) and –independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilators were performed in the presence and absence of NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester [300μM (L‐NAME)], indomethacin [5μM (INDO)], and L‐NAME + INDO in both arteries. Vasorelaxation responses to endothelium‐dependent vasodilators were significantly attenuated, compared to controls, in both brachial and femoral arteries exposed to L‐NAME or L‐NAME + INDO but not those exposed to INDO. However, the vasorelaxtion responses of brachial arteries to endothelium‐dependent vasodilators were significantly more sensitive to L‐NAME (25 ± 4, 25 ± 4%) than those of the femoral arteries (12 ± 2, 14 ± 1%). In addition, there were no significant effects of INDO, L‐NAME, or L‐NAME + INDO on endothelium‐independent vasorelaxation of either type of artery compared to control. These results suggest a greater NO release in brachial than femoral arteries and do not support our hypothesis.


The Royal Borough of Greenwich's ground-breaking work on smart city innovation has been highlighted in a high profile national study.


We report a novel method for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes: low temperature solid pyrolysis. By pyrolysis of hexamethyldisilazane-derived silicon carbonitride powders in a graphite furnace, we synthesized carbon nanotubes at 1400 °C. This new method has advantages of in situ growth of the carbon nanotubes, is stable in the synthesis process, and is technically simpler than conventional arc-discharge methods.


i-Pr-and t-Bu alkyl ketones are found to be competent reaction partners for easy trifluoromethyl ketone separation from the product mixtures.


This chapter addresses two popular criticisms against the duty to vote. They are enlisted separately from the main argument in the book because they are self-standing. The first criticism holds that voting is irrational because it is individually ineffective, therefore not the stuff of a moral duty. The second criticism sustains that seeing voting as a moral duty is an affront to freedom because it means that the political life is superior to other human pursuits. The chapter shows that rationality in voting does not have to mean the capacity to determine the electoral outcome individually. It also argues that the moral duty to vote enhances freedom as non-domination because it has the capacity to increase political accountability and political responsiveness. We can justify a moral duty to vote on instrumental grounds without passing moral judgment on the value of politics vis-à-vis other human pursuits.


The study has the following objectives: (1) determine the profile of the respondents; (2) find out the working conditions of the mothers of the respondents in terms of locality; (3) determine the attitudes of the respondents towards schooling; (4) determine if there is a significant difference on the attitudes towards schooling between the respondents whose mothers are overseas workers and non-overseas workers; and (5) identify if there is a significant difference between the academic performance of the respondents whose mothers are overseas workers and non-overseas workers. The study used a survey questionnaire adopted from the study entitled The Academic Performance and Attitudes towards Schooling of Pupils with OFW and Non-OFW Parents in Selected Elementary Schools of Parang North District, Shariff Kabunsuan and was distributed to all third year and fourth year nursing students of Letran Calamba. Chi-square was used to compare the academic performance of the respondents. Findings revealed that there is no significant difference on the academic performance of the respondents whose mothers are overseas workers and non-overseas workers. In terms of age, most of the respondents are 20 years of age; in terms of gender, most of them are female; the guardians of the respondents whose mothers are overseas are their grandparents, uncles/aunties, and other relatives, but most of them are under the care of their fathers; in terms of grade, most of the respondents have fair grades and a positive attitude towards schooling.


U.S. pharmaceutical manufacturers say they are pleased with recent progress by the Food & Drug Administration in speeding up its drug approval process, but the system is not yet good enough. Further reforms are needed, and drugmakers are supporting legislation to mandate those changes. In its annual review of new drug approvals, held last week in Washington, D.C., the Pharmaceutical Research & Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) challenged FDA's claim that its drug approval process is not a problem. "FDA's progress in reducing overall review time and the reforms it has announced the past year should not be allowed to obscure the fact that drug regulations in the U.S. must be reengineered," said PhRMA President Gerald J. Mossinghoff. FDA Commissioner David A. Kessler has said there is no "drug lag" between the U.S. and other developed countries when it comes to new drug approvals. Kessler's assertion that the lag is a "myth" supports his contention that ...


We present a new tomography method which takes into account the temporal evolution of the object during data acquisition. This is an extremely ill-posed problem. This method has been designed to be applied to the tomography of the solar corona using STEREO/SECCHI (cf. (1)) images and specifically to reconstruct polar plumes. This is achieved by enforcing the temporal evolution to be homogeneous per region. We have preliminary results on simulations and real data. These results show that our method can estimate both the object and its temporal evolution where filtered back-projection (FBP), (cf. (2),(3)) fails.


The capability of cow hoof (CH) to remove Zn(II) from aqueous solution under the influence of sorbent size, solution pH, contact time, and sorbent dosagewas investigated through batch studies. Equilibrium studieswere conducted at three different temperatures (298, 308, and 318K) by contacting different concentrations of Zn(II) solution with a known weight of cow hoof. The biosorption of Zn onto cow hoof was found to increase with increase in the mass of sorbent used while the biosorption efficiency was found to decrease with increase in sorbent particle size. The optimum conditions of pH 4 and contact time of 60 minutes were required for maximum removal of Zn(II) by cow hoof (mesh size 212μm).The equilibriumdata weremodelled using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isothermmodels.The data were best fitted by Langmuir model.The kinetic data were analysed using Lagergren kinetic equations and these were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the biosorption process was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic.


Identification of key words in one of two simultaneous sentences is substantially improved when the sentences differ in fundamental frequency (F0). When the sentences are constructed to be almost continually voiced, identification can improve from 20% at 0 semitones difference to 80% at 8 semitones difference (J. Bird & C.J. Darwin 1998 in Psychophysical and Physiological Advances in Hearing, Ed A.R. Palmer et al., Whurr, London, pp. 263‐269). We recorded the same monotone sentences as Bird and Darwin. These were first resynthesised using PSOLA to give a range of harmonic F0 differences (0, 1, 3, and 10 semitones) and then additionally resynthesised by LPC with the LPC residual frequency shifted by 25% of F0, to give excitation with inharmonic but regularly spaced components. Experiment 1 showed that frequency‐shifted sentences gave the same large improvement with nominal F0 difference as did the harmonic sentences, although overall performance was about 10% poorer. Experiment 2 replicated the finding by ...


The micro-structure and mechanical properties of 27SiMn steel was investigated by tensile test,hardness test,impact toughness,metallographic structure,XRD and SEM for quenching in 770-830 ℃,isothermal holding temperature in 360-420 ℃and isothermal holding time in 10-90 min.The results show that 27SiMn can obtain of the ferrite,bainite and retained austenite of three-phase organization after heating at 790 ℃,holding 50 min and isothermal holding at 380 ℃ for 20 min.Mechanical properties are 27 225 MPa×% of the best overall performance,825 MPa of the tensile strength,33% of the elongation,47 J/cm2 and HB 219 of the impact toughness and hardness.This residual austenite content is 15.76% and the bainite incubation period is the shortest,which contributes to TRIP effect.


A type of male sterility found in two Desmodium plants of probably interspecific hybrid origin was cytoplasmically inherited. The cytoplasmic male-sterile character was incorporated in the tropical legume Desmodium sandwicense by backcrossing. In this genetic background pollen sterility was complete. The male-sterile character was not graft-transmissible, and it produced no detectable pleiotropic effects on growth and development. Desmodium intortum gave restoration of pollen fertility in Fl hybrids with male-sterile lines of D. sandwicense. Restored F1 hybrids produced apparently normal pollen, but tests of functional ability of the pollen disclosed that pollen fertility was less than that of Fl hybrids with normal cytoplasm. Incomplete restoration of fertility was not due to heterozygosity of fertility-restoring genes with gametophytic expression, since fertility-restoring genes were shown to act sporophytically. The results established the occurrence in the legume Desmodium of a system of determination of the male-sterile, fertility-restored phenotypes that is similar to the cytoplasmic male sterility systems described in many other angiosperm plants. A scheme utilizing the genetic stocks produced in this study for commercial production of the interspecific hybrid D. sandwicense x D. intortum as a cultivar is presented.


Studies in laboratory animals have shown that responses of target organs to avarian hormones are influenced by the levels and intracellular location of specific steroid-binding proteins. I , * The cellular content of estrogen and progesterone receptors seems to be primarily regulated by the magnitude and duration of exposure of the tissues to circulating hormones. We have assessed endocrine regulation of human female genital tissues by measuring estrogen and progesterone receptors in different areas of the genital tract during the menstrual cycle, during administration of progestins and estrogens, and in some pathologic states. Other studies were performed on the genital tract of rhesus monkeys. In this primate model, the circulating levels of progesterone and estradiol were controlled by administration of hormones to castrated animals.


A series of (1 − x)La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/(x)BaTiO3 composites has been synthesized by the solid state route. Microstructural and transport studies on these samples show a complete immiscibility between metallic ferromagnet, La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) and insulating ferroelectric, BaTiO3 (BTO). Temperature dependent electrical transport studies show evidence of both intrinsic and extrinsic colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effects. Inclusion of BTO in LCMO phase results in high resistive samples with a metal-insulator transition at temperature Tp 1 originating from intrinsic effect and another dominant metal-insulator transition at temperature Tp 2 caused because of extrinsic effect. Tp 2 decreases up to a certain percentage of BTO content above which this trend of variation is reversed.


Coulomb collisions between ring current ions and the thermal plasma in the plasmasphere will heat the plasmaspheric electrons and ions. During a storm such heating would lead to significant changes in the temperature and density of the thermal plasma. This was modeled using a time- dependent, one-stream hydrodynamic model for plasmaspheric flows, in which the model flux tube is connected to the ionosphere. The model simultaneously solves the coupled continuity, momentum, and energy equations of a two-ion (H(+) and O(+) quasineutral, currentless plasma. Heating rates due to collisions with ring current ions were calculated along the field line using a kinetic ring current model. First, diurnally reproducible results were found assuming only photoelectron heating of the thermal electrons. Then results were found with heating of the H(+) ions by the ring current during the recovery phase of a magnetic storm.


Thirteen seed treatments were compared to determine the optimal method to produce asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L. cv. Viking) seeds suitable for axenic culture. Treated seeds were examined for microbial contamination by culture on an agar medium and for percent germination by incubation on moistened paper. All treatments that included benomyl in acetone (2.5%, w/v) with 20% household bleach (0.1% sodium hypochlorite) were superior to the other treatments in eliminating bacterial and fungal contaminants without decreasing seed germination. Ethanol (70%) and hydrogen peroxide also decreased contamination levels, but ethanol decreased germination significantly. No evidence of internal contamination was detected when aseptic seeds were germinated and cultured on agar medium. Chemical names used: methyl(1-[(butylamino)carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl] carbamate (benomyl).


The invention relates to a mirror back protective coating for a copper-free silver mirror. The protective coating comprises base coat and finishing coat, wherein both the base coat and the finishing coat comprise modified alkyd, acrylate resin, novolac epoxy resin and crosslinked resin. The novolac epoxy resin and the crosslinked resin can form a rigid netted dense structure after undergoing a high-temperature curing reaction, so that the corrosion resistance of the coat is greatly improved, long-term effective protection of a silver layer is realized, and the coat is endowed with appropriate rigidity and scratch resistance. The coating of the invention contains a great amount of radicals such as epoxy groups, ether bonds, hydroxide radicals and the like, thereby greatly increasing the adhesive force of the coat. The coating of the invention does not adopt anti-corrosion lead-containing compounds, thereby avoiding environment pollution. The coating of the invention can adopt a large-scale curtain-coating molding process, can realize quick drying, can be completely solidified after being roasted at the temperature of between 120 and 150 DEG C for 5 to 8 minutes, has excellent physical and chemical properties and contributes to large-scale industrial production.


In the International Pedigree Book of Snow leopards 3, Blomqvist & Sten noted (1982) that no information had been received on the snow leopard in Mongolia. The present paper sets out to repair that omission by summarising the information in print on snow leopard in Mongolia and giving a brief account of its distribution in the country. This is essentially a review paper and it is hoped that more precise data may be obtained from fieldwork carried out in the future by Mongolian zoologists. The author worked in Mongolia for two years, 1975--1977, and during that time collected information on all the mammals of Mongolia. Information on the snow leopard was obtained from colleagues at the State University of Mongolia; from zoologists and hunters; from herdsmen and local informants from all parts of the country and from three journeys made by the author: to the eastern Gobi Altai; the Khangai mountains, and a 2000 km journey through the western Altai. In this paper, the term "Mongolia" refers to the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR).


Rare earth elements are plentiful in Gannan area, China, and there is a large amount of wastewater from all kinds of mines. In this paper, rare-earth modification TiO2 composites (RE/TiO2, RE = La, Ce, Gd, Yb) was studied by theory computation and experimental performance. The prepared RE/TiO2 was investigated for the degradation of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) as a typical residual reagent in wastewater from beneficiation. The crystallinity, morphology, specific surface area, light absorption, and composition of compound were investigated by various techniques. As a result of computation and experimentation, four different electron configurations of rare earth all retained the anatase phase of TiO2 and reduced the band gap of TiO2 to some degree compared with pure TiO2. Different rare-earth elements and calcination temperatures resulted in different removal effects on BHA. The optimum doping contents were 0.75% (500 °C), 0.20% (500 °C), 0.70% (500 °C) and 0.50% (450 °C) for La, Ce, Gd, Yb respectively. All the RE/TiO2 composites studied in this research still possessed good photoactivity after four runs, which supports the theoretical and practical basement for the photocatalytic treatment of mining and metallurgy wastewater.


A molecular model has been developed to study the vibrations of U centres in caesium iodide. Employing the rigid ion model with nearest-neighbour short-range forces, the dynamical matrix of order 27 × 27 was solved to obtain the frequencies of the localized modes and the perturbed lattice modes. The results are compared with those obtained from the Green function method.


When compared to their temperate coastal counterparts, sediments deposited and preserved along arid aeolian to shallow‐marine margins remain relatively poorly understood, particularly at the scale of lithofacies units and architectural elements. These systems often record evidence for relative sea‐level change within sedimentary basins. This work focusses on the Entrada–Curtis–Summerville formations that crop out in central eastern Utah, USA, and provides a detailed analysis of the aeolian Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (informally known as the Moab Tongue) that was impacted by cycles of marine transgressions and regression in the late Jurassic. This study utilises photogrammetry, sedimentary logging and sequence‐stratigraphical analysis techniques. Results indicate that four short‐lived transgressive‐regressive cycles are preserved within the Moab Member, followed by a broad regressive event recorded at the transition between the Curtis and Summerville formations. These cycles relate to changes in the relative sea level of the Sundance Sea and the deflation and expansion of the neighbouring aeolian dune field. During periods of normal regression, marine sediments displayed evidence of tidal and wave action, whereas the continental domain was characterised by growth of the aeolian system. However, when regression occurred within optimal physiographic conditions such as a restricted, semi‐enclosed basin, and at sufficient magnitude to outpace erg expansion, this acted to shut‐down bedform development and preservation. A rapid restriction of aeolian sediment availability and the inability of the dune field to recover resulted in the formation of deflationary sandsheets, arid coastal plain strata and contemporaneous shallow‐marine deposits that are starved of wind‐sourced sediments. This study highlights how a rapidly developing high‐magnitude regression can lead to the overall retraction of the erg. Deciphering the evolution and sequence stratigraphical relationships of arid aeolian to shallow marine margins is important in both understanding environmental interactions and improving the characterisation of reservoir rocks deposited in these settings.


In recent years, there has been an increasing number of cases involving damage to photovoltaic systems (PVS) due to lightning strikes. In a PVS that has been damaged by lightning, a protective device inside the photovoltaic module (PV module), i.e., the bypass diode (BPD), fails, thus leading to fire. Presently, the Schottky barrier diode (SBD), made of silicon, with a low reverse withstand voltage is widely used for BPD in PV modules; therefore, damage from lightning is a concern. In this study, a lightning surge test on an SBD that mimics a case where the SBD is used as the BPD in the PV module that receives the repetitive lightning surges is performed. The test result showed that when repetitive lightning surges were repeatedly applied, regardless of forward or reverse application to diodes, increasing the number of applications reduced the fault resistance.


Decreasing the maintenance cost and power losses in Axial Flux Permanent Magnet machine using Passive Magnet Bearing instead of mechanical ball bearing is the purpose of this paper. Two structures of Passive Magnetic Bearing are applied, and the magnetic forces and stiffness are analyzed. The best structure is selected according to the safety, mechanical consistency and economical charges. A balance point is found where the magnetic force of Passive Magnetic Bearing and magnetic force between rotor and stator structure, neutralize each other. Also, magnetic forces are investigated according to the displacements of the middle ring in Passive Magnetic Bearing and according to different air gap width between rotor and stator in the motor. According to the symmetry of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet motor, the motor is modeled using three-dimensional finite-element method. On the other hand, based on the axial symmetry around z-axis in Passive Magnetic Bearing, the bearing is modeled using two-dimensional finite-element method. These simplifications will help the calculation of the magnetic force and stiffness in the least computation time.


Among a variety of academic novels,those written by Xu Kun have a distinctive style.With the double identities as a woman and a scholar,she has her own view of the scholar stratum.This paper illustrates her view from three aspects as the content of her novels,women's perspective and style of her language.


As a result of the conducted research rational ways of introduction of taste additives in the recipe of pipe tobacco have been defined, optimum technological parameters of the product have been developed, types of packaging retaining qualitative characteristics of production in the course of long storage have been defined.


In image compression using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) [1] for different quantization laves we can observe different compression ratio and different peak signal-to-noise ratio. In Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) [2], [3] with different levels and different thresholds we can observe different compression ratio and different peak signal-to-noise ratio. Based on the application we can select the quantization level. When comparing DCT with DWT, results of DWT are better than DCT. In this paper we are proposing a new hybrid transform by combining DCT and DWT which gives better compression ratio for same PSNR. In proposed transform first image is compressed using DWT and the approximation coefficients of compressed image are again compressed using DCT. Keywords— Image Compression, Discrete Cosine Transform, Discrete Wavelet Transform, compression ratio, peak signal-to-noise ratio


The paper proposes a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor utilizing MXene and a Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) material layer, placed on the Ag metal-based conventional biosensor to detect disease in human teeth. The SPR biosensor works on the principle of attenuated total reflection. The transverse matrix method was utilized for the reflectivity calculation. The thickness of the Ag layer, MXene, and MoS2 were taken as 45, 0.993, and 0.375 nm, respectively. Single-layer MoS2 and two layers of MXene were taken, and the highest sensitivity of the sensor for the enamel, dentin, and cementum was obtained at 83.219 deg/RIU, 91.460 deg/RIU, and 104.744 deg/RIU. MoS2 was used to enhance the biocompatibility of the analyte with the sensing layer. The aqueous solution had been considered as sensing medium.


Objective To investigate the oncologic safety and feasibility of total laparoscopic gastrectomy ( TLG ) with D2 lymph nodes dissection. Methods Between July 2009 and June 2012, 601 patients of gastric cancer underwent TLG or LAG ( laparoscopic-assistanted gastrectomy ) with D2 dissection of lymph nodes. All patients were operated on by one group of experienced surgeons. Results Of all 150 cases underwent TLG, there were 68 of distal gastrectomy and 82 of total gastrectomy, while in LAG group of 451 cases, there were 214 of distal gastrectomy and 237 of total gastrectomy. The mean operation time in TLG was longer than in LAG of 292( 115 - 610 )min v.s.269( 125 - 490 )min( P 0.05 ). TLG has shorter hospital stay than LAG group [ 10.9( 5 - 31 )days vs.12.1( 5 - 33 )days,( P 0.05 )]. The average postoperative analgesia pump use time TLG group for 6.3 h , in group LAG for 21.1 h . The mean number of days until first flatus was 3.2( 2 - 5 )vs. 3.4( 2 - 6 )( P 0.05 )respectively. Oral food intake was reintroduced after a mean of 3.5( 2 - 6 ) days vs.3.7( 2 - 8 ) days( P 0.05 ) respectively. No patients dead during the operation. The overall complication rate was 10.0 %( 15 cases ) and 16.2 % ( 73 cases ) respectively after an anverage of 16.7( 1 - 37 ) months follow up. Conclusions Though TLG is still limited to only a few centers because of the major concern about the difficulty of intracorpareal reconstruction and longer surgery time, our research showed that it's a reasonable, safe and technically feasible procedure, while patients experienced quicker recovery and more comfort.


The quality standard SR EN 1090:2012 requirements enforce a maximum consistency both on the metallic construction manufacturing process and during all the additional stages till the construction site becomes a final product ready to be used. Any lack of attention during this complex manufacturing process might drive to different classes of damage consequences due to minor or major nonconformities. Therefore, among other important procedures, I refer here to the importance of marking both the raw materials (as part of the final product) and leftovers (as part of future work) resulted from the cutting process. I propose in this paper a specific database and a simple marking procedure based on QR codes. The database consists of detailed descriptions of all kind of metallic materials with different shape, structure and quality as well as all important information extracted from the quality certificate 3.1. that accompanies the goods once they arrive into the manufacturer's storage. Since the standard underlines the necessity to identify any material during work processing, the system allows conversion of large text with important data into a QR code that can be scanned and therefore the material quickly identified into the manufacturer's workshop.


In this narrative review, the scientific background of the use of collagen in osteoporosis is presented, drawing inspiration for a discussion on the food supplements use in medicine. The first part of the paper provides an overview on collagen and hydrolyzed collagen. The second part deals with collagen carential disease, comprising conditions ranging from nail fragility to osteoporosis. The third part focuses on osteoporosis and its treatment, the fourth on hydrolyzed collagen. The medical use of hydrolyzed collagen provides a typical example of "Green economy", the new alliance between man and nature that is involving medicine too.


With a plan to become a farm animal vet, Isabella Aimee Hannay was surprised to find that an extramural studies placement took her career ambitions in a new direction.


Submarine gas hydrate is a hazard to drilling, a potential hydrocarbon resource, and has been implicated as a factor in both submarine slope stability and climate change. Bulk in situ electrical resistivities evaluated from electromagnetic surveys have the potential to provide an estimate of the total hydrate volume fraction more directly than by using seismic and well log data. We conducted a marine controlled‐source electromagnetic sounding at Hydrate Ridge, Oregon, USA, in August, 2004. Electromagnetic fields transmitted by a deep‐towed horizontal electric dipole source were measured by a linear array of 25 seafloor electromagnetic receivers, positioned 600 m apart to produce a dense coverage in the recorded electric field data. Results are presented in simple form by apparent resistivity pseudosections, which produce an approximate image of lateral resistivity variations across the study region. Resistivity values are consistent with those from well logs collected in the area and pseudosection features are correlated with seismic reflectors. Archie's Law, based on pseudosection apparent resistivities, predicts volumetric hydrate concentrations vary from 0–30% across the ridge.


Film, based on the total weight of the film contains a thermoplastic above about 95 weight percent resin and about 0.001 to about 5.0 wt% sulfonate, UL-94 rating of at VTM-0 is there. The thermoplastic resin is selected polyimides, polysulfones and copolymers comprising one or more of these thermoplastic resins, from the group consisting of reaction products and combinations. .Field


Group discussion activities and collaborative projects for teams are some learning strategies widely used by instructors; however, limited research has examined comparative effects of these strategies. The present study examines collaborative learning activities, trust, the "bad apple" effect, and other variables that relate to learning effectiveness for teams. The paper summarizes several years of research on different collaborative activities across different team settings. It also presents an agenda for future research in team training and learning, and provides best practices and guidelines for both researchers and practitioners. With a growing focus on the importance of teamwork and collaboration in the workplace, it is critical that we better understand best practices for promoting learning effectiveness for individuals who work in groups. This research paper offers an examination of collaborative learning activities and group learning effectiveness, while also providing practical suggestions, based in research, for facilitators and training specialists. SUCCESS IN LEARNING GROUPS Ackerman 4


We present an overview of the cryo-amplifier concept and design utilized in the DiPOLE100 laser system built for use at the HiLASE Center, which has been successfully tested operating at an average power of 1kW. Following this we describe the alterations made to the design in the second generation system being constructed for high energy density (HED) experiments in the HED beamline at the European XFEL. These changes are predominantly geometric in nature, however also include improved mount design and improved control over the temporal shape of the output pulse. Finally, we comment on future plans for development of the DiPOLE laser amplifier architecture.


RINEHARDT, JONATHAN MARK. Evaluation of Glufosinate-Tolerant Cotton and the Effects of Cotton Cultivar Development on Boll Distribution. (Under the direction of Drs. Keith Edmisten and Randy Wells.) Glyphosate resistant (GR) weed biotypes, especially Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) and Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) have caused shifts in postemergence (POST) and preemergence (PRE) herbicide use programs. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to determine the effects of POST herbicides, chloroacetamide herbicides, acephate, and tank mix combinations of these pesticides on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar FM1944GLB2, thrips (Frankliniella spp.) control, and weed control. Cotton injury from either POST herbicides or chloroacetamide herbicides were reduced 8 to 20% by acephate in both greenhouse and field experiments. Cotton biomass in greenhouse trials and lint yields in field experiments were not affected by any herbicide treatment. Interactions of these pesticides were not observed for control of Palmer amaranth, entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea Jacq.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.) and common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.). The loss of aldicarb has caused a shift in thrips management in cotton. Neonicotinoid seed treatments are effective; however, 85% of cotton hectares in 2013 required a foliar insecticide application. Four field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of aldicarb, acephate and glufosinate plus acephate on thrips injury, plant heights, white flower production, lint yield and fiber quality with two cotton cultivars. Although thrips injury was not observed at any location, aldicarb increased plant heights 30-35 days after planting (DAP) at two of the four locations, while the acephate plus glufosinate applied early POST increased plant heights at one location. No cultivar and treatment interactions were observed on mid-season plant heights and white flower counts at early and late bloom. Treatments increased lint yields an average of 130 kg lint ha at one of the four locations, while cultivar affected yield at two locations. ST4145LLB2 yielded 160 and 300 kg lint ha more than FM1845LLB2 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Experiments at dryland and irrigated locations were conducted with two LibertyLink cotton cultivars to determine the effects of glufosinate on plant development and lint yield. Drought stressed cotton will have increased leaf cuticle thickness and increased total wax content which may affect responses to POST herbicides. Applications of glufosinate at early, mid and late POST emergent did not affect plant heights or white flower counts. Irrigated locations yielded 19% and 21% more than the dryland locations in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Glufosinate did not affect lint yield or fiber quality. Field experiments were conducted at high and normal soil-available nitrogen locations to compare first position boll weights and subtending leaf dry weights for the 7, 9, 11 and 13 sympodial node with modern and obsolete cotton cultivars. Cultivar effected seedcotton weights from the first fruiting site on the 7 sympodial node and lint yield on the 13 sympodial node; however, these effects did not correlate with cultivar release date. Regressional analyses of lint percentage from the 9 and 13 node versus cultivar release date resulted in r values of 0.60 and 0.36, respectively. Soil-available nitrogen affected subtending leaf dry weights, but cultivar did not. Evaluation of Glufosinate-Tolerant Cotton and the Effects of Cotton Cultivar Development on Boll Distribution By Jonathan Mark Rinehardt A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy


This article starts from a reflection on the projetos de cultura (culture projects) among Xakriaba of Sao Joao das Missoes, Minas Gerais, deriving aspects of their lived world around the clashes between the idea of culture  implicit in the projects and the one that emerges from within the group. I start form the descriptions Xakriaba as "acculturated Indians", present in the first reports of indigenists and researchers about the Xakriaba, placing it in opposition to their notion indio misturado (mixed Indian), which emerges from the composition of contemporary Xakriaba. I also argue that the projects of culture organized around creative dimensions of the relationship of living Xakriaba with the antigos (ancient ones) and other indigenous peoples. Finally, I seek to discuss issues surrounding the segredo (secret), concept that defines the intensive relations between the Xakriaba and the encantados (enchanted) and other agents, and explicit why this constitutes a dimension kept apart from the culture projects.


"piecemeal") introduction to Chrysostom's mind on the problem under discussion. The third chapter is an over-all description of contemporary monasticism (various forms, external customs and practices, internal ideals and motivation). Then follows a more immediate approach to the problem: an evaluation of the tension between service of the Church and flight from the world. The author's thesis is rendered more telling by concrete descriptions of Chrysostom's personal crisis in this regard, and of his practice later on of employing large numbers of monks in external works, mainly as missionaries, in the extensive areas under his jurisdiction as Bishop of Constantinople. The detailed planning and careful implementation of this vast project would do credit to the most "modern" missionary organization. The final chapter assembles evidence pertinent to Chrysostom's attitudes and convictions concerning the monastic life and works of charity and the apostolate, the monastic ideal in relation to the basic ideals of Christianity and to God's eternal plan of salvation, the compatibility of the monastic life and the priesthood. Then follows a summation of conclusions. The evidence adduced makes it clear that, though Chrysostom is second to none in his praise of prayer, self-abnegation, penance, and even solitude, he sees monasticism nevertheless as a mixed life. It is celibacy that marks off the monk from the layman; other duties are basically common to both as Christians. But the monk should be conspicuous by his flight not from the world of men (which "God so loved") but from the world of Satan; nor even from worldlings (for we are told to seek them out) but from worldliness. For Chrysostom, such flight has little to do with change of place, everything to do with change of heart.


Since the development of Anderson localization and the discovery of aluminum alloy quasicrystals, there has been considerable experimental and theoretical interest in wave propagation in random and quasiperiodic systems. More recently, there has been interest in the nonlinear properties of such systems. Having completed some experimental research on the linear behavior of waves in a one‐dimensional random system and a two‐dimensional quasiperiodic system, the nonlinear properties of such systems are now being studied. Two systems, one having a local nonlinear interaction (surface waves in a superfluid film) and the other having a global nonlinear interaction (transverse waves in a stretched string), will be described. [Work supported by NSF DMR 8701682 and the Office of Naval Research.]


The brick fragment illustrated in the accompanying photograph is the property of Mr. J. G. Hobson of Empingham, Leicestershire, U.K., and is published by his kind permission. The fragment measures 15*X11*X9.5 cms., and the stamp on the edge of the brick measures 9.5"X6.1" cms. It was found some 25 years ago, about two kilometers north of the ziggurat at Aqar Quf, Dur-Kurigalzu. The inscription partially duplicates Iraq Supp. 1944 fig. 15 DK,-44,' which is listed as Q.5.8 in Brinkman, MSKH 1. The differences in the arrangement of lines 2/3 and 5/6 show that this brick was not made with the same stamp as DK,-44. In the following transliteration restorations are taken from DK,-44. In lines 1-2 the sign bi has two different forms. In line 3, Sakkana is written G'IlR.DINGIR. The apparent repetition of u4-bi-a in lines 1 and 7 is unexpected, but lines 7 and 9 remain unintelligible. The restoration of line 3 on the new fragment shows that the bricks, and the rebuilding of the citywall, are to be attributed to Kurigalzu II.


This series continues to explore the leadership skills of the dental nurse. In this issue, John Fowler asks: do you light up your team?


As mankind plunges deeper and deeper into his technological jungle, it sometimes seems we are losing our appreciation of the arts. Networking computers takes precedent over networking friends and computer languages displace our native tongue. In her latest book of poetry, Lin Hsin Hsin seeks to correct the balance. It is poetry for the technological age; it is poetry by the technological age. It is inspired by IT and it should inspire information technologists. Anyone who owns a computer, uses one at work or can remember struggling at school with programmes to improve the latest version of "Space Invaders" or "Wing Commander II" should enjoy reading this collection of 120 poems. The author's wit, knowledge of several languages (computer and phonetic) and her obvious love of the technology makes each poem amusing or provocative and often both at the same time. All aspects of computer technology are tackled, software, hardware and manware; there are comments and jokes which should be appreciated by both the novice and computer professional alike.


We propose a complementary self-biasing method which enables the single-electron transistor (SET)/complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) hybrid multi-valued logics (MVLs) to operate well at high temperatures, where the peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) of the Coulomb oscillation markedly decreases. The new architecture is implemented with a few transistors by utilizing the phase control capability of the sidewall depletion gates in dual-gate single-electron transistors (DGSETs). The suggested scheme is evaluated by a SPICE simulation with an analytical DGSET model. Furthermore, we have developed a new process technology for the SET/CMOS hybrid systems. We have confirmed that both of the fabricated devices, namely, SET and CMOS transistors, exhibit the ideal characteristics for the complementary self-biasing scheme: the SET shows clear Coulomb oscillations with a 100 mV period and the CMOS transistors show a high voltage gain.


This study compared commercially available NiTi closed spring of three different companies for their force decay over a period of four weeks and the amount of extension that is needed for a spring to deliver an optimum sustained orthodontic force.


We prove sharp inequalities of various metrics for the norms $$$\| x \|_{p, \delta}$$$ of differentiable functions defined on the real line, trigonometric polynomials and periodic splines.


A case study involving an engineering subcontractor has been used to illustrate a methodical evolutionary approach and an ideas list approach for identifying new business. The subcontractor company was in a state of chaos, rendering it incapable of acting upon new ideas. This may be a common failing of subcontractors. As insufficient data were available to operate the models, synthetic data have been used to provide illustration. A methodical approach is preferred. It involves systematic monitoring of manufacturing, market and technological trends. Such measurements must be a part of the change management process. Evidence suggests that this works in other environments.


This study focused on the contribution of agriculture, industry and services to the overall GDP in Nigeria over a period of 1960-2011. Data was extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria website for the analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used and variance inflation factor (VIF) was used as a tool for detecting the presence of multicollinearity. After various transformations were carried out, the result of the differenced log-transformation of the components shows that the VIF has reduced below the rule of thumb of 10.It further revealed that agriculture, industry and services were positively related to GDP during this period in Nigeria. The result also showed that industry had the highest contribution which is an indication that industry is the key contributor to the Nigeria economy. The result also revealed that agriculture, industry and services played significant roles in the growth and development of Nigeria economy. This study therefore suggests that foreign investors should be encouraged to invest in the allied and mineral industries.


Abstract This study is concerned with the dispersion of axisymmetric and asymmetric plane waves in viscoelastic cylindrical shells. The originality of the approach lies in the use of a refined laminated shell theory that allows one to satisfy exactly the boundary conditions for displacements and transverse shear stresses, while at the same time, refinements of membrane and shear terms are considered. By comparison with previous theories, light is shed upon the advantage of using such a refined model to determine the dispersive behaviour of structures. The shell model is then applied to a viscoelastic cylinder, for which frequency and phase velocity spectra are presented. In order to point out the influence of viscoelasticity, especially as concerns phase velocities, comparison is made with the equivalent elastic case.


Cylindrocarpon destructans was isolated from seedling and advanced waratahs with disease symptoms which included stem and lignotuber necrosis, wilting and subsequent death. Cream-coloured sporodochia were produced by C. destructans on the crown and lower stem of both seedling and advanced plants. The pathogenicity of the fungus was tested on seedling plants with chaff inoculum. Symptoms typical of those described above were recorded in the majority of plants inoculated, and C. destructans was recovered from the roots and stems of 87% of inoculated plants.


This paper considers the relevance of dissociative mental states to our understanding of mediumistic practices. While this avenue of enquiry has recently been pursued by a number of scholars engaged in psychical research, the author approaches the relevance of dissociation by drawing upon his own experiential research as an apprentice and practising medium, together with the insights of analytical psychology.


Thank you very much for reading developing units of instruction for the mentally retarded and other children with learning problems. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this developing units of instruction for the mentally retarded and other children with learning problems, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their computer.


In a successor search we are given a key x and a set A from a totally ordered universe and search for the smallest element of A that is larger than or equal to x. It is well known that the number of comparisons with x needed for this task changes from Θ(|A|) to Θ(log |A|) if A is stored in sorted order. Here, we consider a related situation where the elements of A are organised as a so called sorted matrix. In such a matrix every column and every row is sorted. Further, x is given implicitly by a "monotone oracle". Given a test value t, the oracle answers the question whether t ≥ x. We give a search algorithm for a sorted n × nmatrix performing O(log n) calls to the oracle and O(n) comparisons between matrix elements which we prove to be optimal. We extend this result to the case of non-square matrices and the situation where only columns are sorted. Our search techniques can be applied as the key tool to give an improved algorithm for the uniform balanced network flow problem (ubnfp). The ubnfp consists of finding a feasible s-t-flow of given value F in a graph G = (V, A) which minimizes the difference of the maximum and the minimum flow on an arc. We show that our search techniques can be applied to obtain an O(log m ·T 2 MF(n, m)) time algorithm for solving the ubnfp, where TMF(n, m) is the time required for a maximum flow computation in a network with n vertices and m arcs. This improves upon the previous best time bound of O(n ·T 2 MF(n, m)). Email: {altenhoe,email@example.com Dept. of Mathematics, University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 14, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Institut fuer Mathematik, Technische Universitaet Graz Steyrergasse 30/II, 8010 Graz, Austria. This research is partially supported by the Austrian Science Fund Project P18918-N18 Email: email@example.com Department of Computer Science, Technische Universitat Munchen, Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748 Garching, Germany 1 2 M. W. ALTENHOFER, E. GASSNER, R. JACOB, AND S. O. KRUMKE


This volume reviews research and theorizing on the critical processes behind creativity. A range of processes is covered including those entirely personal and those which are interpersonal. The role of intelligence, language and attributions is discussed, and the implications for education.


Known mixing models are analyzed with the aim to retrieve permeability of metal inclusions from the measured constitutive parameters of a binary composite. The application-oriented models are interpreted in terms of inclusion shape-factor and percolation threshold, which are two measurement-fitted parameters. A model that accounts for the inversion of the Maxwell Garnett matrix structure is proposed. The structure inversion point is close to the percolation threshold, and the inversion takes place within a transition filling range that is a third fitting parameter. The proposed model is compared with the effective medium model in terms of the complex susceptibility calculated as the function of filling and of frequency and in terms of Bergman-Milton shape-factor distribution charts. The model validity is illustrated by treatment of the measured microwave constitutive parameters of a composite filled with carbonyl nickel.Known mixing models are analyzed with the aim to retrieve permeability of metal inclusions from the measured constitutive parameters of a binary composite. The application-oriented models are interpreted in terms of inclusion shape-factor and percolation threshold, which are two measurement-fitted parameters. A model that accounts for the inversion of the Maxwell Garnett matrix structure is proposed. The structure inversion point is close to the percolation threshold, and the inversion takes place within a transition filling range that is a third fitting parameter. The proposed model is compared with the effective medium model in terms of the complex susceptibility calculated as the function of filling and of frequency and in terms of Bergman-Milton shape-factor distribution charts. The model validity is illustrated by treatment of the measured microwave constitutive parameters of a composite filled with carbonyl nickel.