This Vademecum is an operative tool to help groups of volunteers for measuring the social impact produced by their activities on the territory. It is a practical guide that has already been experimented following a research work that is described in the book "Il volontariato e gia un valore. Proposta di analisi e misurazione del valore sociale generato" by Marco Accorinti (2020). Rome: CNR-IRPPS e-Publishing.


Abstract Subfossil trunks of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from the Late Weichselian were discovered in the site Koźmin in the Koło Basin, central Poland (Dzieduszyńska et al., 2014a). Another part of organic sediments with trunks was excavated in the frame of the research project. Altogether 224 samples from Koźmin were analysed dendrochronologically; they represented generally young trees, 40 to 70 years old. Based on the most convergent sequences, the chronology 2KOL_A1 was produced, 210 years in length. With the wiggle-matching method, it was dated to ca. 13065–12855 cal BP. Dendrochronological dating of trunks buried in organic sediments, most of which occurred in situ, revealed that tree deaths occurred successively, over more than 100 years. That could have been due to unfavourable climatic conditions, as well as extreme events, e.g. strong winds.


In the first part of this study, sampling experiments were used to assess the Type I error rates of the t test in situations where classes or schools were randomly assigned to groups but analyses were carried out on individual student scores. It was found that Type I error rates were grossly inflated under all conditions investigated. In the second part of the study, mathematical analysis was used to demonstrate the fact that even small amounts of between class (or school) variation can cause large inflations in the Type I error rate of the t test when analyses are incorrectly carried out on individual student scores.


It is shown that antiferromagnetic RKKY correlations between localized spins, caused by the transition of a metal to the superconducting state, increase in strength as one approaches the surface of the sample, and also as one decreases its dimensionality. On this basis we propose a model of exchange interactions between localized spins in ferromagnetic insulator1 superconductor (FIS) junctions and superlattices. This model takes account of indirect RKKY exchange between localized spins located at the FIS boundaries through conduction electrons of the S layers as well as direct exchange of nearest neighbors in the F layers. By using this model we have examined the ground states of FIS systems, and also determined possible variants of the mutual accommodation of the superconducting and magnetic order parameters. We find that FIS systems, depending on the relation between the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic molecular fields acting on each localized spin of the FIS boundary, divide into two types. FIS systems of the first type allow only a homogeneous ferromagnetic ordering in the F layers to coexist with superconductivity in the S layers. In this case the magnetizations of the neighboring F layers in the superlattices are antiparallel. In FIS systems of the second type the superconducting layers can induce a cryptoferromagnetic modulation in the spin structure of the F layers. Depending on the magnitude of the exchange field induced by the localized spins of the FIS boundary at the conduction electrons of the S layer, the modulation period can be both larger than the coherence length of the superconductor [ and smaller. The phases of the magnetic order parameters in neighboring F layers of the superlattice in this case are shifted by m. These results explain the nature of the extra splitting of the density of states of the conduction electrons in EuOIAl and EuSIAl contacts in a magnetic field, and also the weak suppression of superconductivity in EuOlV multilayers. O 1996 American Institute of Physics. [S 1063-776 1 (96)01502-61


Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in the treatment of bladder spasm after surgical operation of chlidren hypospadias.

Methods
From January 2014 to May 2015, 60 cases of children more than 4 years old after surgical operation of hypospadias who had symptom of bladder spasm on the day of surgery were assigned into the study group(n=30) and control group(n=30), based on simple randomization.On the first day , the frequency of spasm, the duration of spasm and the incidence of urine extravasation were recorded regarded as the first day condition of bladder spasm. Patients in the study group were treated with solifenacin (5 mg once daily) for a nine days period from 1th day postoperation.Patients in the control group were not treated with solifenacin.The frequency of spasm , the duration of spasm and the incidence of urine extravasation of the two groups were recorded and compared on the 3th and 9th day.Adverse events with solifenacin of two groups were recorded .The function of liver and kidney in the study group were recorded and compared.

Results
There were statistically significant differences(P<0.01) in favor of the study group over the control group in the aspect of the frequency of spasm, the duration of spasm and the incidence of urine extravasation on the 3th and 9th day.In the study group, the data compared among 1th, 3th and 9th was statistically significantly different, opposite to the control group.There was no statistically significant difference between the liver and kidney function of preoperation and the 9th day in the study group .The frequency of adverse events between two groups had no statistically significant difference.

Conclusions
Solifenacin is effective and safe in the treatment of bladder spasm after surgical operation of chlidren hypospadias

Key words:
Solifenacin; Children; Bladder spasm; Overactive bladder


Two major historic processes of the last four decades have shaped current electricity markets worldwide. First, the unbundling of vertically integrated utilities resulted in imperfectly competitive electricity markets characterised by oligopolistic ownership structures (Wilson, 2002). Second, concerns about the effect of greenhouse gases (GHGs) on climate change led to carbon pricing through transferable property rights, e.g., allowances or permits. As with any other market, that for carbon allowances can also be subject to the exercise of market power. Kolstad and Wolak (2003)'s empirical study suggests that NOx permits might have been used as a vehicle for producers to exert market power by offering electricity at higher prices in the California market in 2001. Moreover, if a dominant power producer can additionally withhold NOx permits, then it may further increase its profit while driving up the permit price for rivals as demonstrated in a leader-follower case study of the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) Interconnection (Chen et al., 2006). We are interested in the economic and environmental effects of market power on electricity and permit markets in regional electricity markets where participants are not all subject to the same CO2reduction policies. An example is the South-East Europe Regional Electricity Market (SEE-REM), which comprises both EU members subject to the emissions cap of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) and non-EU members exempt from such a cap. In a perfectly competitive setting, Višković et al. (2017) demonstrate that between 6% and 40% of the CO2 emission reduction in the ETS portion of SEE-REM may be leaked into the non-ETS portion as nonETS producers with a relatively dirty generation portfolio receive the price signal to increase their exports. In this paper, we examine how a dominant firm, i.e., Enel with ca. 20% of the SEE-REM market share, can (i) gain an economic advantage and (ii) affect carbon leakage by manipulating both the electricity and permit prices.


Abortion is one of the commonest reasons for acute presentation to gynaecologists, recurrent spontaneous abortion due to maternal infections transmissible in uterus at various stage of gestation can be caused by a wide array of organisms including cytomegalovirus.This study included(60) patients (females) aborted with cytomegalovirus and (60) negative control (females) aborted without cytomegalovirus and (60) positive control (healthy women).The study was designed to determine and compare the levels of (NO, Fe, Cu)in study groups and evaluate of the relationship between nitric oxide and (Cu, Fe) instudy groups.The results show a significant increase in levels ofserum NO in patient group in comparing withnegative control groupand positive control group(P > 0.05), asignificant increase in levels of serum Cu in negative control group in comparing with patient group and positive control group(P > 0.05)and significant decrease in levelsof serum Fe levels in patient groupin comparison with negativecontrol group and positive control group. (P > 0.05).The results of this studyshowdisorder in levels of(NO, Fe, Cu)patients group (females) aborted with cytomegalovirus.


Over the last thirty years, environmental considerations have gained considerable prominence on domestic and international political agendas. A plethora of institutions, ministries, environmental agencies, and international agreements, as well as substantive and procedural policy instruments, have been introduced. Yet, despite these significant reform initiatives, institutional infrastructure remains patchy. There is an abundance of mediaor regimespecific regulatory instruments for managing environmental externalities at different levels of governance. But might the current forms of environmental governance be victims of their own success? How can efficiency, effectiveness, legitimacy, and flexibility in environmental policy-making be strengthened if we are caught in a trap of fragmentation and heterogeneity between domestic and international regulatory institutions? How, in other words, can we reverse the current path-dependent evolution of environmental governance so that the social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development are properly integrated? The present volume, edited by Norichika Kanie and Peter Haas, offers a systematic and comprehensive account of the challenges and dilemmas posed at the international level by the existing institutional and regulatory infrastructure. The book contains a wealth of thematically and conceptually integrated empirical work and is organised into five parts, generally covering the institutional factors and dimensions that are most likely to enhance or hinder the transformation of global environmental governance. The first two parts of the book focus on the horizontal and vertical dimensions of multilateral environmental cooperation. Three chapters draw particular attention to international regulatory regimes regarded as successful, looking at particular attributes of the United Nations, the Global


This paper presents a system for another input modality in a multimodal human-machine interaction scenario. In addition to other common input modalities, e.g. speech, we extract head gestures by image interpretation techniques based on machine learning algorithms to have a nonverbal and familiar way of interacting with the system. Our experimental evaluation proofs the capability of the presented approach to work in real-time and reliable. 1 Motivation Multimodal communication ways are becoming more important for a robust and flexible human-machine interaction in everyday surroundings. Therefore, our objective is to introduce a communication channel providing a natural and intuitive way of simple nonverbal communication. It emulates a common way of showing agreement / disagreement via head gestures, like it is known from human-human dialogs. Due to its simplicity and omnipresence in everyday life, this contributes to making dialog systems more efficient. As already mentioned above, head gestures are present in numerous situations. Until now, we have integrated the recognition system in two human-machine interaction scenarios. In the following sections, we will present these two implementations .


Despite the fierce competition within the shipbulding market, European Shipyards still maintain market shares in the segment of complex ship types. The reason is that ship operators are in some cases willing to accept slightly higher newbulding prices if the ship is more competitive during its life cycle compared to of the shelf ship designs. To remain in the market, a shipyard has to focus on two main aspects: Offering a more efficient ship at the same price level (Design Competence) and offering the ship at a more competitive price level (Production Comptetence). To increase the Design Competence, one efficient approach is to establish First Principle Design Methods instead of designing CookBook Ships. These kind of methods are typically developed at research institues and universities to solve scientific problems on a more generic level. On the other hand, a ship designer needs methods to evaluate his specific design at any time in the designs process and to identify optimization potential. Therfore, these first principle based methods need to be customized to work efficiently during the design process, which means automatic data processing and appropriate presentation of the results. This paper demonstrates the results that can be achieved if the design process is rearranged accordingly.


In June, 1988, the first International Conference on aging aircraft was held to address nondestructive tests (NDT) of aging aircraft and other issues. From this meeting, a research program was initiated and funded by the FAA. As a result of this program, a lot of work has been done to study current NDT practices in the aviation industry and secondly, to research and develop new NDT methods to improve the reliability and efficiency of in-service inspection of aircraft structures and powerplants. The following is an overview of the current and future developments in civil aircraft NDT, as viewed by an air carrier and the concerns for NDT in the future.


Birds living in temperate regions face an energetically demanding period in winter, when food availability becomes reduced and unpredictable. In order to conserve energy, wintering passerines reduce their metabolic rate (MR) and body temperature (Tb) during the night to enter into a state of hypothermia. The effect of food predictability on the energy budget of birds is not fully understood. Therefore, we studied the energy budget by concurrently measuring and comparing nocturnal MR and Tb at -10 °C on wild great tits (Parus major) in the following two treatments: 1) an area with constant food supplementation thereby providing the birds with predictable food availability and 2) no food supplementation where the birds would experience natural and unpredictable food. The main result of our study was that young birds from the predictable area maintained a higher Tb than young birds from the unpredictable area whereas the old birds maintained a similar Tb across the treatments. We also showed that despite the differences in predictability of food availability, birds from both treatments maintained similar body mass, fat reserves and MR. We suggest that the social status of individuals and trade-offs with other maintenance processes might have enabled birds with an unpredictable food supply to maintain MR similar to the birds with a predictable food supply. (Less)


40Ar/39Ar dating of whole-rock samples and muscovite separates using age spectrum analysis, and of single muscovite grains using total fusion analysis, yields new insights into the timing of regional metamorphism and sediment provenance in the Late Devonian – Early Carboniferous Horton Group in the Lochaber–Mulgrave area of Nova Scotia. The time of regional metamorphism is constrained to ca. 340–335 Ma by whole-rock spectra from well-cleaved slate and shale samples from the lowermost Clam Harbour River and overlying Tracadie Road formations of the Horton Group. This ca. 340–335 Ma event may have been the result of burial and deformation of the Horton Group by older volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Guysborough Group, which were overthrust from the south as the result of development of a positive flower structure at a restraining bend along the Cobequid–Chedabucto fault system, the boundary between the Meguma and Avalon terranes. Detrital muscovite ages of ca. 410–380 and ca. 500 Ma were obtained from ...


Linear transformation is an important part of algebra theory,which has a close connection with inverse transformation.By means of the definitions of linear transformation and inverse transformation,the necessary and sufficient conditions of inverse are given.


An improved mathematical model describing the dissociation and regenerations kinetics of carbon dioxide in the active medium of sealed-off transverse RF-excited CO2 lasers is presented. It is shown that the calculation of the active medium composition of such lasers requires the equations of the gas-mixture kinetics to take into account the diffuse flow of oxygen atoms on metal electrodes and on the surface of heterogeneous catalysts used to reduce the degree of the carbon dioxide dissociation. The rate constants of the heterogeneous recombination reaction CO + O → CO2 on the surface of alumina ceramics and Al2O3 are determined.


Background: Substance P (SP) was described at the beginning of the 20th Century, and its biological action was recognized to have implications in neurogenic inflammation and constriction of smooth muscles. The changes associated with inflammatory chronicity can compromise organ function reversibility. The role of neuromechanisms in the pathology of the disease has been investigated in order to achieve better diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. The stimulation of human cells, such as macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells by SP leads to their activation and to the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by these cells. Consequently, a continuous inflammatory disability is observed, mainly if a decrease in antioxidant defence occurs. SP is a substrate for dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), which is a multifunctional molecule with enzymatic and proinflammatory activities. CD26 is considered an activation T cell marker. The aim of the present study was to analyse if serum SP values in longlasting asthma patients were related to lung function parameters. It was also decided to analyze the relationship of SP with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant activity in serum (TAS), as well as its association to CD26/DPPIV values considering their immunological and inflammatory prop


The outer brownish shell (pericarp) of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) was characterized in terms of chemical composition and fiber morphology. Chestnut fruits were collected from Amasra, Bartin-Türkiye. The cottony structure was removed before the analyses. Main lignocellulose compounds were determined as 45.3% holocellulose, 29.2% α-cellulose, 42.5% Klason lignin, and 3.2% extractives. Analytical results showed that MeOH:Water (95:5 v/v) extract contained 23.8% Fructose, 16% Glucitol, and 11.2% Glucose. Gallic acid was found only 5% in the acetone:water extract. The fiber length, fiber width, lumen width, and fiber wall thickness of the samples were measured as 1.52 mm, 21.67 µm, 14.25 µm, and 3.71 µm, respectively. Chestnut shells, which are morphologically similar to hardwood fibers and contain a high amount of lignin, have significant potential for use as raw materials in different industries.


This paper presents possible optimization to reduce the energy budget for systems-on-chip (SoC) designs that will be used in next generation multimedia systems. Since future multimedia systems will include the processor core(s), the entire memory system, system buses, I/O controllers, system clocking and control and, in wireless applications, RF components, all on one chip, lowering power dissipation in next generation multimedia chips presents a number of design challenges. Possible strategies for managing the power budget in future multimedia SoCs are presented. Reducing the power consumption of the memory system, system control, and system buses are a particular focus.


ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the effect of social media on customer loyalty with the mediation of customer co-creation value and to build a customer engagement model through co-creation value, which is supported by product improvement perceived in increasing customer loyalty. The data collection employed a survey method with structured questionnaires which were distributed to 150 respondents who were the members of social media product communities in Indonesia. The findings showed that interactions through social media are able to increase customer engagement, facilitaitng collaboration in co-creation value, allowing the company to improve and develop products based on customers' needs and desires, which will eventually increase customer loyalty.


The Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae are related tribes restricted to the Australian region. This study analyses the most comprehensive sample to date of DNA sequences (trnL intron and ITS) from both tribes. Monophyly of the Mirbelieae + Bossiaeeae with respect to putatively related tribes is supported, albeit weakly. Bossiaeeae is a strongly supported clade but nested within a paraphyletic Mirbelieae. There is evidence for alternative groupings based on embryo sac morphology and development. Bossiaeeae could be expanded to include the Daviesia group of Mirbelieae, with which it shares giant antipodals, but stronger evidence is needed for monophyly of this group. Mirbelieae could be reduced to the clade comprising Isotropis and the Mirbelia group, which share absence of antipodals. The Mirbelia group appears to have rapidly diversified into many lineages that do not cluster to form well defined genera. Several genera currently recognised in this group are not supported by the molecular data. To achieve consistency of generic delimitation within the tribes, this group should perhaps be treated as a single genus by expanding Pultenaea to include all genera currently recognised in the Mirbelia group. Introduction The Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae are two papilionoid tribes endemic to Australia and New Guinea. Most species in these tribes are ericoid shrubs with yellow and red ('egg and bacon') flowers. They are conspicuous, sometimes dominant, understorey members of sclerophyll communities (heathland and eucalypt-dominated woodland and forest), on poor soils of the south-west, south and east coast of Australia. The Bossiaeeae includes 6 genera and about 77 species (Ross and Crisp, in press) and the Mirbelieae includes about 670 species in 25 genera (Crisp et al., in press), although recently four genera were combined into a much enlarged Gastrolobium (Chandler et al., 2002). The definition and relationships of both tribes have been problematic. After a long history of placement of its genera in the Podalyrieae, Mirbelieae was recognised in its present circumscription by Polhill (1981). Bossiaeeae was segregated from Genisteae (Hutchinson, 1964), and included the Bossiaea and Templetonia groups of Australian genera (Polhill, 1976, 1981). Subsequently, the Templetonia group was 253 Crisp, M.D. and Cook, L.G. (2003). Phylogeny and embryo sac evolution in the endemic Australasian Papilionoid tribes Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae. In: B.B. Klitgaard and A. Bruneau (editors). Advances in Legume Systematics, part 10, Higher Level Systematics, pp 253–268. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. * author for correspondence: email@example.com found to group strongly with the neotropical tribe Brongniartieae, according to morphology (Crisp and Weston, 1987), nuclear ribosomal DNA (Crisp et al., 2000; Thompson et al., 2001) and chloroplast DNA (Kajita et al., 2001). When restricted to include only the Bossiaea group, the Bossiaeeae appeared to form a clade with the Mirbelieae which was not closely related to either the Brongniartieae or the genistoid tribes (Crisp and Weston, 1987; Crisp et al., 2000; Kajita et al., 2001). Although Mirbelieae + Bossiaeeae was monophyletic according to morphology (Crisp and Weston, 1987) and ITS sequences (Crisp et al., 2000), support for this clade has been weak. Within the Oxylobium and Pultenaea groups of Mirbelieae, high morphological diversity has been the basis for recognising about 450 species in 20 genera, yet generic delimitation has continued to be problematic (Sands, 1975; Crisp and Weston, 1987, 1995). All taxa in the Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae which have been investigated have unusual embryology (Cameron and Prakash, 1990, 1994) in comparison with most other legumes. Typical embryology in the legumes is Polygonum-type which produces an 8-nucleate embryo sac (Prakash, 1987). Some taxa in the Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae have Polygonum-type development but produce greatly enlarged antipodal cells, possibly serving a role in nutrition for the embryo (Cameron and Prakash, 1990). Hereafter this embryology is termed the 'giant antipodals' (GA) type. GAtype taxa comprise the Bossiaeeae and the Daviesia group (Daviesia, Erichsenia, Gompholobium, Sphaerolobium and Viminaria) of Mirbelieae (Crisp and Weston, 1995). The remaining taxa within Mirbelieae have a more unusual type of development (Cameron and Prakash, 1994). It resembles Oenothera-type (Willemse and van Went, 1984; Reiser and Fischer, 1993) embryology but megagametogenesis involves three mitoses (not two) to produce five nuclei (not four). No antipodals are produced and polarity is reversed during megasporogenesis, so that the micropylar (not chalazal) megaspore is functional and any to all megaspores (not just the chalazal) undergo mitosis to produce partially or fully developed embryo sacs. Cameron and Prakash (1994) called this development 'Mirbelia' type after one genus in which it is found but here we refer to it by the descriptive term 'no antipodals' (NA) type. There are two variants of the NA type. One is as described above and here is termed the 'fivenucleate embryo sac' (FNES) type. The other NA type, called 'Jacksonia' type by Cameron and Prakash (1994), produces multiple archesporial cells and embryo sacs, some of which may be aposporous although apomixis has not been confirmed. This form is here termed the 'multiple embryo sac' (MES) type. Embryology is not known to vary within GA-type genera of the Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae. However, some NA-type genera (Dillwynia, Jacksonia and Mirbelia) have MES type and FNES type in different species (Cameron and Prakash, 1994). Above genus level, the phylogenetic distribution of embryology types is unclear. Different studies have found each of the GA and NA embryological groups within Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae to be either monophyletic or paraphyletic. A recent analysis using ITS sequences found the GA and NA embryological groups to be monophyletic sister taxa, whereas Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae were paraphyletic (Crisp et al., 2000). Giant antipodals also have been reported from two species of Indigofera (Cameron and Prakash, 1990, 1994). Given that Indigofereae appears not to group with Mirbelieae/Bossiaeeae (Crisp et al., 2000; Kajita et al., 2001), giant antipodals may not be homologous in these two tribal groups. This study aimed to test whether the Mirbelieae and Bossiaeeae are monophyletic sister taxa, or whether alternative groupings based on embryo sac type are supported. Within these tribes, relationships among genera were investigated and compared with existing classification. This study differed from previous phylogenetic analyses of these tribes by sampling comprehensively at genus level using DNA sequences from the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. Advances in Legume Systematics 10


Individual X ? ray photons in the keV energy range produce hundreds of photoelectrons in a single pixel of a CCD array detector. The number of photoelectrons produced is a linear function of the photon energy, allowing the measurement of spectral information with an imaging detector system. The Yohkoh Soft X ? ray Telescope uses a CCD in an integrating mode and makes temperature estimates from multiband lter photometry. We show how the SXT can be used in a mew way to perform a limited type of photon spectroscopy. By measuring the variance in intensity through a single lter of an x ? ray source on repeated SXT images, the mean energy per detected photon can be determined. This value is related to the underlying coronal spectrum, and hence can be used to deduce the plasma temperature. We compare the results of the temperatures derived using this new technique on a series of SXT images of a post-are loop system with the temperatures derived using the standard ux-ratio method. We demonstrate that the bright posttare loops really are cooler than the surrounding material, as shown by Tsuneta et al. (1992). Given the large dynamic range of the soft x ? ray ux observed from the Sun, we describe the requirements for a future instrument that would take advantage of photon spectroscopy.


The existence of the group of contact transformations, regarded as the so-called continuous Schrodinger group whose elements commute with Hamiltonian,is intimately related not only to the problem of degeneracy, as shown by Jauch and Hill, but also to the problem of quantization. In the present paper, it is shown that on the basis of representations of the Lie ring generated by the operators which have a certain definite correspondence with a set of independent integrals of the equations of motion in Newtonian mechanics, an energy eigenvalue problem can be constructed in terms of a complete set of the Casimir operators. It is further pointed out that this quantization procedure is, in spite of various restrictions, applicable to quantum-mechanical systems having the continuous Schrodinger group, and then the degree of degeneracy in regard to the angular momentum can be obtained simultaneously.


Several types of models are available to the acoustician for the study of room acoustics. Although mathematical modeling has now become popular, due to recent advances in computer technology, the author chose to use scale modeling techniques. A 1:10 scale model was constructed to study the sound field above the audience in a large lecture hall. A steady‐state jet sound source was developed to model the standard ILG reference sound source. A model of unoccupied audience seating was designed and constructed and a new approach to air absorption compensation was used. A data acquisition procedure was developed for easy and accurate comparison of data taken in both the model and the full‐scale lecture hall. Verification of the model was carried out with measurements of both reverberation time and steady‐state sound levels. This scale model continues to provide a useful tool for the study of sound propagation over audience seating. It also enables simple modifications to determine the dependence of the reverber...


Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were non-covalently functionalized by a uniform layer of a porphyrin–Sn network (denoted as MPT) via a facile one-pot solvothermal synthesis for enhancing protei...


A calculation of the Aharonov-Bohm wave function is presented. The result is an asymptotic series of confluent hypergeometric functions which is finite at the forward direction. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


Biological control using antagonistic yeast has emerged as one of the most promising alternatives in postharvest protection of fruit and vegetables. The aim of the present studies was to investigate the potential of the yeast Candida melibiosica for bio- control of Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata and A. radicina, fungi pathogenic to car- rot roots, and explain the possible mode of action of this antagonistic microorganism. The ability of the yeast to inhibit fungal growth in vitro, produce volatile compounds and lytic enzymes, and protect infected carrot roots was studied. C. melibiosica inhibited the growth of B. cinerea on potato-dextrose agar and malt agar by 25.9% and 33.3%, respec- tively, but only slightly restricted the growth of A. radicina and had no effect on A. alter- nata. The volatile compounds acting against B. cinerea and A. radicina were produced by C. melibiosica growing on malt agar. The yeast produced -glucanase and chitinase with activities between 34.0-232.86 U · cm -3 and 20.74-43.7 U · cm -3 , respectively. Applica- tion of the yeast to carrot roots before inoculation with the fungi B. cinerea and A. radicina reduced the progress of the disease


Corresponding author: Catherine Gribbin E-mail: email@example.com (CG) . CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license It is made available under a perpetuity. is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint The copyright holder for this this version posted October 27, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.25.22281500 doi: medRxiv preprint


sion, we find it has dropped from around 45 to 10 %. The basis is all roll-call votes in the plenary and the main committees of the General Assembly in sessions 1-24, but not including votes where no one voted against.' This means that great power support for UN decisions has decreased considerably. Our prime concern is not, however, with how to give the big nations greater formal rights in the UN, but rather with how to make the organization into a more efficient tool for the global system, and for the weaker participants in it. One of the first things we read about the UN is that it is based on the sovereign equality of its member states. This equality does, however. not extend far beyond the right to cast one vote each in the General Assembly. Membership in the other Principal Organs and in other limited membership organs is clearly tied to the status of the members.


This article lists the main tourism resources in Jinzhong,and has carried on the analysis from the resource structure types,value and space etc,puts forward the suggestions and countermeasures from the product,the line and the industry chain,etc.


The identification of biomarkers to predict risk and clinical outcomes beyond clinical observation in psychiatry is a key priority in contemporary mental health research. Individuals at elevated risk for mental disorders have been the focus of such efforts as they represent a potentially viable target group for early intervention and indicated prevention. Early intervention and indicated prevention efforts for individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis might benefit from such biomarkers to enable better risk prediction and to discern who will benefit from treatment. Alterations in neuroendocrine, immune and oxidative stress markers as well as abnormalities in lipid biology are robust findings in biological psychiatry. On the other hand, mounting evidence suggests that First Nations people including the Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people of Australia have a higher risk for common and severe mental illness, most likely attributable to social and environmental health determinants. However the role of stress-related biomarkers in this context remains poorly understood. Consequently, the aims of this thesis were to examine (1) a multisystem biomarker index known as allostatic load in two high-risk populations and to (2) examine the role of lipid biology in these groups.

The first part of this thesis explores the role of allostatic load (AL) and omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in two clinical studies of patients with schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis and individuals at UHR for psychosis. The second part explores the role of AL and dietary ω-3 PUFA in a community-based study of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people, who are at increased risk for mental ill-health according to recent national reports. The above aims are achieved through meta-analysis of existing studies of cortisol in psychotic disorders, secondary analysis of two clinical studies, and in a cross-sectional multi-site community-based study of Aboriginal and/or Torres Straight Islander adolescents and young adults attending a health check.

First, flattened cortisol-awakening response is reported in patients with schizophrenia and first-episode psychosis relative to controls, but not in UHR individuals, suggesting neuroendocrine dysregulation during some stages of the psychosis spectrum. Secondly, informed by these findings, a study of AL demonstrated elevated AL in patients with schizophrenia and first-episode psychosis that was positively correlated with positive psychotic symptoms and negatively correlated with functioning at trend level. No prospective association of AL and treatment response and symptomatic ix remission was identified. Next, secondary analysis of a multi-centre randomised controlled trial investigated AL in youth at UHR for psychosis. This study revealed prospective associations of high AL with impairments in social and occupational functioning. Next, the prospective association of PUFA status and clinical outcomes in a 12-month follow-up is reported, which demonstrated a selective relationship of low ω-3 PUFA levels with mood disorders and no association with psychotic or anxiety disorders. The second part of the thesis reports depression rates in three remote communities, explores the relationship of depression with hair cortisol and AL, and reports an association of low plasma levels of o ω-3 PUFA with depressive symptoms.

Collectively, the data presented in this thesis demonstrate complex associations of a multisystem biomarker index and ω-3 PUFA with mental ill-health. Ultimately, multisystem indices like AL may be used in future research to establish their utility as a clinical prognostic risk index. By studying membrane lipids in an ethnic minority group, this thesis was able to show an association of high dietary intake of ω-3 PUFA and low levels of depression, which may serve as a protective factor.


Biological integration processing apparatus and processing method of the present invention in situ denitrification relates to an aquaculture wastewater and sewage treatment apparatus. Its purpose is to provide a small yield of sludge, without reflux, ammonia treatment apparatus and treatment effect of a good process. The present invention comprises a processing cell body, separated by a number of in vivo cell separator anaerobic carbon removal zone, and aerobic nitrification zone and the anoxic denitrification zone precipitation, aerobic nitrification, and aerobic aeration chamber comprising a precipitation zone, precipitation chamber and a fourth compartment drops, in addition to the upper portion of the carbon anaerobic region and the fourth drop compartment communicating, aerobic aeration chamber bottom and the bottom of the fourth compartment communicating drop, aerobic aeration chamber is provided with a bottom aeration means, the bottom of the precipitation chamber at the bottom of the aerobic aeration chamber communicates, near the middle of the precipitation chamber side aerobic aeration chamber is provided with a longitudinal cutoff, cutoff aerobic aeration chamber and the precipitation chamber separation between the branch passage, the upper end of the bypass passage communicating aerobic aeration chamber, a lower end communicating with the precipitation chamber.


We report excellent dc and millimeter-wave performance in In0.15Ga0.85As/Al0.15Ga0.85As pseudomorphic modulation-doped field effect transistors (MODFET's) with 0.25-µm-length gates. Extrinsic transconductances as high as 495 mS/mm at 300 K and unprecedented power performance in the 60-GHz range were observed. Although not yet optimized, excellent low noise characteristics, 0.9 dB, with an associated gain of 10.4 dB at 18 GHz, and a noise figure of 2.4 dB with an associated gain of 4.4 dB at 62 GHz were obtained. This is the best noise performance ever reported for a MODFET in this frequency range. These results clearly demonstrate the superiority of pseudomorphic MODFET structures in high-frequency applications.


methods of treating an oral surface having tooth sensitivity of astringency reduction, reduction of tartar or plaque formation, caries or bad smell and of treating inflammation in an oral tissue, and oral composition. Oral compositions and methods to reduce one or more of plaque, tartar / caries, dentinal sensitivity, bad smell, and / or inflammation is provided. the composition comprising an active ingredient comprising a zinc salt.


A low energy effective Hamiltonian for the fractional quantum Hall effect is obtained by using irreducible representations of the symmetry group. It is found that the model described by the effective Hamiltonian is similar to the Heisenberg spin chain. Symmetries of the effective Hamiltonian are studied in order to decompose the relevant Hilbert space. This decomposition will be useful for further numerical analysis on the gap of the quantum Hall system.


Explainability helps users trust deep learning solutions for time series classification. However, existing explainability methods for multi-class time series classifiers focus on one class at a time, ignoring relationships between the classes. Instead, when a classifier is choosing between many classes, an effective explanation must show what sets the chosen class apart from the rest. We now formalize this notion, studying the open problem of class-specific explainability for deep time series classifiers, a challenging and impactful problem setting. We design a novel explainability method, DEMUX, which learns saliency maps for explaining deep multi-class time series classifiers by adaptively ensuring that its explanation spotlights the regions in an input time series that a model uses specifically to its predicted class. DEMUX adopts a gradient-based approach composed of three interdependent modules that combine to generate consistent, class-specific saliency maps that remain faithful to the classifier's behavior yet are easily understood by end users. Our experimental study demonstrates that DEMUX outperforms nine state-of-the-art alternatives on five popular datasets when explaining two types of deep time series classifiers. Further, through a case study, we demonstrate that DEMUX's explanations indeed highlight what separates the predicted class from the others in the eyes of the classifier.


When Thomas Beauchamp II, Earl of Warwick, was condemned and exiled for treason in 1397, the forfeiture of his property generated some detailed and informative paperwork. A list of his possessions in Warwick that year includes 'a bed of white damask embroidered with divers arms and bears', and 'a "dorser" and 4 "costers" of "aras" with the story of Guy of Warrewyk'.1 The embroidered cloth of arras went to Thomas Holland, Duke of Surrey, who also had custody of Thomas Beauchamp's young son Richard and Richard's wife Elizabeth.2 But these items evidently found their way back into the possession of the earl when he was restored by Henry IV, for, when he made his will on 1 April 1400, he included this bequest:to Richard, my son and heir, my blessing and a bed of silk embroidered with bears and my arms, with all thereto appertaining, also a * * * wrought with the arms and story of Guy of Warwick, and the sword and coat of mail, which was that worthy Knight's, likewise his harness and ragged staves; also I will that the said sword and coat of mail, with the cup of the swan, and the knives and salt-cellars for the coronation of a King, shall be, and remain to my son and his heirs after him.3With this extraordinary assemblage of accessories, therefore, the 19-year-old Richard began his career as the thirteenth Earl of Warwick, the fifth Beauchamp to hold that title, when his father died in 1401. When he wrote his own will, thirty-five years later, he had effectively reversed the disgrace of his father the Appellant and had become one of the foremost men of England: a celebrated soldier, statesman, poet, literary patron, and servant of the Crown. And he had done so partly by making use of his father's bequest. The salt-cellars and cup, the staves and sword, became for Richard Beauchamp tokens of a chivalric identity that linked him not only to the legends of his ancestors but also to the reputation that he deliberately and skilfully constructed for himself. And of these objects none may have proved more useful for his purposes than the bed of damask decorated with Beauchamp bears and with the arms of his family.The 'cup of the swan' and the Guy of Warwick paraphernalia represent the Beauchamps' long history of appropriating chivalric romance in the interests of self-promotion.4 The swan cup alludes to the legend of the Knight of the Swan, known throughout Europe, associated with more than one noble family, and represented in English literary tradition by the late fourteenth-century verse romance Chevekre Assigne.5 But the bears and ragged staves, the sword and armour of Guy of Warwick, were the peculiar property of the Beauchamp earls of Warwick.6 After the Beauchamps acquired the earldom in 1268, they evidently considered themselves heirs of the local legend: that of Guy of Warwick, whose exploits were the subject of a thirteenth-century AngloNorman romance and numerous later works in English, including the three-part romance preserved in the Auchinleck manuscript.7 William Beauchamp IV, the first Beauchamp Earl of Warwick (earl 1268-98), named his son and heir Guy, a name that had not previously been in the family, thus creating a historical Guy of Warwick in obvious imitation of his legendary predecessor. Guy Beauchamp I, Earl of Warwick 1298-1315, included, among a collection of books donated to Bordesley Abbey in 1305, 'Un Volum del Romaunce de Gwy, e de la Reygne tut enteremwzt'.8 An early fourteenth-century drinking bowl shows a knight killing a dragon in the presence of a lion, a reference to an episode in the romance of Guy of Warwick - but the knight on the bowl bears the Beauchamp arms.9 Thomas Beauchamp I, Earl of Warwick 1315-69, named his first son Guy, after the hero; his second son Thomas, presumably after himself; and his third son Reynbrun, after the son of the legendary Guy. His grandson Richard, therefore, was continuing family traditions when he established a chantry at Guyscliff in Warwickshire, where his legendary ancestor was supposed to have lived as a hermit in his last years, and placed in the chapel of St Mary Magdalene at Guyscliff a larger-than-life statue of Guy of Warwick, dressed not as a hermit but as a knight. …


The MOS thermal impedance test circuit (MOST) is a simple device for evaluating thermal impedance values using the electrical test method. Results are presented for bipolar. CMOS, and NMOS devices. The data presented show that the use of the MOST circuit is a viable method for procuring average thermal impedance values. It provides a low-cost alternative to integrated systems and can be duplicated for multiple test setups. In a large-scale test area, many of the circuits can be used for simultaneous testing, dedicating one (or more) circuit to each family of devices to be evaluated. In the manner, the measurement delay need only be set once for the initial lot and checked periodically for utmost accuracy.<<ETX>>


In the increasingly competitive employment environment, colleges and universities must cultivate interdisciplinary talents integrating theory and practice, so that graduates can better meet the recruitment needs of employers and solve the social hot issues of "difficult employment". In engineering colleges and universities of administration, for example, this paper combined with the current trend of the development of the "Internet + education", first outlined the present cultivation of inter-disciplinary talent demand of administration, then the dialectic, on the basis of analysis on the problems existed in the university personnel training on how to use the Internet, cultivate a group launched the brief analysis of the composite of high quality talents.


The purpose of this research are two-fold, first to analyse correlation of underwriter, auditor, profitability and company size on stock underprizing and second, also to know the student learning outcomes through the implementation of ICT based learning in the subjects of stock underprizing. The method used is quantitative research, the follow up data analysis used is multiple regression. The results showed that the three independent variables consisting of underwriter reputation (X1), auditor reputation (X2) and profitability (X3) had a negative effect and only company size (X4) had a positive effect towards the dependent variable namely stock underprizing (Y) with the regression equation Y = 29.760 – 10.011X1 – 11.812X2 – 0.512X3 + 0.366X4 + e and sig value X1 = 0.040, X2 = 0.103, X3 = 0.088 and X4 = 0.750. Thus, its mean that only underwriter has influence toward stock underprizing and a good performance of underwriter can decrease the stock underprizing. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted in two cycles of learning with the stages in each cycle includes planning, action, observation and evaluation, and reflection. Student response data collected through questionnaires/questionnaires. Collected data was then analysed descriptively. The results showed average student learning outcomes before the action amounted to 68.81, after the first and second cycle outcomes increased to 88.70 and 88.00.


The structural changes of UHMWPE gel-films during drawing had been studied by X-ray diffraction,X-ray plate camera,SEM.The orientation processes were discussed by sing chain dynamic simulation.It had been found that there are three stages in the orienton process.In the initial stage of orientation,the lamellae in the gel-films rotate and/or slided with the b-axis became paralleling to the drawing direction while unfolding of the chain began.When the draw ratio large enough,most of the chains were extended to form microfibrillar chain bundle but only two dimensional period along the draw direction exit.


The subject of the text is a dispute between humanism in the early Renaissance and the Franciscan Observance. The contradiction is demonstrated on the example of the ambivalent relationship between Ambrogio Traversari (humanist, translator from Greek) and Bernardino of Siena. Contemporary debate about the popular worship of the name of Jesus, the scope of which was evident even in our country, is discussed
in detail.


Objective:To observe the effect on treating dabetic cystopathy(DCP) by acupuncture.Methods:100 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups,53 cases in the treated group was treated by acupuncture,1 time a day,47 cases in control group were given Mecobalamin tablets 500ug,oral,3 times a day,observed the clinical manifestation,bladder residual urine volume before and after treatment,respectively.Results:The efficacy of the treated group was better than that of the control group.Conclusion:Treating DCP by acupuncture curative effect is better than that of mecobalamin.


Aiming at the problem of DDoS attack detection in internet of things (IoT) environment, statistical and machine-learning algorithms are proposed to model and analyze the network traffic of DDoS attack. Docker-based virtualization platform is designed and configured to collect IoT network traffic data. Then the packet-level, flow-level, and second-level network traffic datasets are generated, and the importance of features in different traffic datasets are sorted. By SKlearn and TensorFlow machine-learning software framework, different machine learning algorithms are researched and compared. In packet-level DDoS attack detection, KNN algorithm achieves the best results; the accuracy is 92.8%. In flow-level DDoS attack detection, the voting algorithm achieves the best results; the accuracy is 99.8%. In second-level DDoS attack detection, the RNN algorithm behaves best results; the accuracy is 97.1%. The DDoS attack detection method combined with statistical analysis and machine-learning can effectively detect large-scale DDoS attacks on the internet of things simulation experimental environment.


The saturable absorption performance of several one dimensional and two dimensional multi-core fiber array couplers are investigated as a function of the number of the fiber cores. The results indicate that the performance of all these saturable absorbers are comparable and not much is gained, if any, by increasing the number of cores. Hence, rather than using complex multi-core fiber saturable absorbers, one can benefit from the simpler two-core fiber setup to get the desired output mode-locked pulses. This observation is supported by the comparable pulse characteristics obtained from the simulation of a generic mode-locked fiber laser cavity.


Tests indicate particulate fraction of total organic carbon in a natural water is more accurately measured by the combustion method than by the ultraviolet–persulfate oxidation method.


This article discusses four generations of digital vibration exciter control systems developed by U.S. companies over a period of 40 years. The controllers are categorized as standalone, PC-based, PC-tethered, and fully networked. The age of modern vibration controllers dawned in the mid 1970s with the maturity of the minicomputer and adoption of the fast-Fourier transform and related signal processing mathematics for practical vibration testing. Technical advancements borrowed from other fields gave rapid rise to a new class of digital closed-loop controllers. While commercial vibration test controllers existed previously, none of them was capable of running multiple types of tests such as sine, random and shock. The minicomputer and the personal computer which soon eclipsed it, provided a new level of flexibility in a tightly integrated testing system. This new architecture also provided superior control and a host of other benefits leading to better presentation, retention and communication of test results. The past 30-35 years clearly mark the golden era of rapid development in this field. We restrict our attention here to the most significant vibration control products of the years 1970 to 2010. This in no way suggests disrespect for some of the unique dedicated instruments that came before. Prior to this period, landmark work in swept-sine control was performed at Spectral Dynamics, Bruel & Kjaer and Solartron, with each company creating its own sophisticated commercial instrument solutions. In addition, MB Electronics is credited with developing the earliest random vibration controllers using analog filter banks. Much of the theory underlying today's random control system designs can be traced back to the early work of Theron Usher at Yale University and at MB.


The fracture profiles of three soils (taken from Dexter and Horn 1988) are analysed according to their fractal dimensions D. D, which is a measure of how the 'apparent' length of a fracture path increases with decreasing ruler size, is found to be a good quantifier of the tortuousity of fracture paths. The fractal analysis is compared with a more traditional statistical method of analysing fracture profiles. It is shown that the latter method, unlike fractal analysis, can omit a significant proportion of a tortuous fracture path and therefore leads to an underestimate of any roughness parameter.


The method of automated modulation type recognition and determination of signal parameters by radiomonitoring facilities is offered in the article. The method establishes an procedure of application of the approaches to the definition of signal analytic representation, signal quality estimation, the realization of preprocessing operations, the determination and correction of signal parameters, the recognition of modulation type and phase constellation shape on conditions of lack of any a priori information about the analyzing signal parameters. The main attention is paid to the realization of the sampling and quantization operations, obtaining of signal analytic representation taking into account practical problems connected with time and frequency signal limitation, imperfect technical features of radio receivers. Proposed practical approaches to signal quality estimation are based on the determination of the noise power in the signalless time periods or adjacent frequencies and allow to make a decision on reasonability of further signal processing. Signal parameters determination and modulation type recognition on conditions of lack of any a priori parametric information is implemented by using parameter free modulation features to separate all signal in general modulation classes, signal parameters estimation of identified classes, modulation type recognition and refining defined parameters. This approach allowed to increase the number of automated processing radio signals.


Thiol-based redox regulation is a crucial post-translational mechanism to acclimate plants to changing light availability. Here, we conduct a biotin-switch-based redox proteomics study to systematically investigate dynamics of the thiol-redox network in response to temporal changes in light availability and across genotypes lacking parts of the thioredoxin (Trx) or NADPH-Trx-reductase C (NTRC) systems in the chloroplast. Time-resolved dynamics revealed light leading to marked decreases in the oxidation states of many chloroplast proteins with photosynthetic functions during the first 10 min, followed by their partial re-oxidation after 2-6 hours into the photoperiod. This involved f, m and x-type Trx proteins showing similar light-induced reduction-oxidation dynamics, while NTRC, 2-Cys-Prx and Trx y2 showed an opposing pattern, being more oxidized in the light than the dark. In Arabidopsis trxf1f2, trxm1m2 or ntrc mutants, in the light most proteins showed increased oxidation states than wild type, suggesting their light-dependent dynamics being related to the NTRC/Trx networks. While NTRC deficiency had a strong influence in all light conditions, deficiencies in f- or m-type Trxs showed differential impacts on the thiol-redox proteome depending on the light environment, being higher in constant or fluctuating light, respectively. Results indicate plant redox proteomes to be subject to dynamic changes in reductive and oxidative pathways to cooperatively fine-tune photosynthetic and metabolic processes in the light. This involves f-type Trxs and NTRC to play a role in constant medium light, while both m-type Trxs and NTRC being important to balance changes in protein redox-pattern during dynamic alterations in fluctuating light intensities. One sentence summary The plant protein redoxome shows light-dependent reduction and reoxidation dynamics linked to Trxs f1/f2, m1/m2 and NTRC, being of different importance depending on the extent of light variability.


Abstract To determine the factors controlling natural levels of thermoluminescence (NTL) of fluvioglacially transported suspended sediment, samples were taken at hourly intervals from a meltwater stream emanating from Sólheimajökull in southern Iceland. The NTL of the samples were measured and compared with fluctuations in suspended-sediment load and in flow depth of the stream. It was found that the ratio of the 325°C and the 375°C regions of the NTL spectrum was more closely related to sediment load and flow depth than were the individual regions themselves. Analysis of the patterns suggests that NTL fluctuations are related to changes over time in the sources of sediment entrained by the stream. It is inferred that these changes relate to diurnal temperature cycles plus precipitation events. Such fluctuations raise doubts as to the validity of bulk sampling procedures in TL dating of Quaternary fluvioglacial sediments.


A method for obtaining depolarization factors of Raman lines is described in which a 90°, split‐field Polaroid disk is placed in contact with the window of the Raman tube and is focused upon the slit of the spectrograph by means of a condensing lens. Corrections for real or apparent polarization owing to the spectrograph, reciprocity failure of the plates, and convergence errors are made. The precision of the results was tested by measurements on five different spectrograms of CCl4. The results indicated that the method is equal in precision to the method of Reitz. Intensities were obtained by use of a Gaertner microdensitometer. Depolarization factors for toluene were also obtained. It is shown that, for this method, a reasonable working rule is to regard those Raman lines having observed depolarization factors equal to or greater than 0.78 as depolarized, all others as polarized.


A class of instruments designed for remote sensing of space plasmas by measuring energetic neutral atoms (ENA) uses a thin foil as both a signal generator and a light shield. An ENA imager must look directly at the ENA source region, which is also usually in intense source of H Ly(alpha) (1216 angstroms) photons. ENA are produced by charge exchange between energetic ions and the ambient neutrals, and both charge exchange cross section s and ion populations decrease with increasing ion energy. Therefore it is desirable to minimize the energy threshold for ENA detectors, at the same time maximizing the blocking of H Ly(alpha) . Optimizing filter design to meet these two contrary requirements has led us to measure the transmittance of thin C, Si/C, and Al/C foils at H Ly(alpha) . Our results indicate that (1) transmittance of < 7 X 10-4 can be achieved with (mu) g/cm2 Si on 1.7 (mu) g/cm2 C; (2) an Si/C composite foil with a thin carbon layer is more effective in blocking UV radiation while having the lowest energy threshold of all the foils measured; and (3) transmittance of Si/C foils of known Si and C thicknesses cannot be accurately predicted, but must be measured.


Poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid)(P(St-co-AA))/cerium oxide core-shell nano-composites were successfully fabricated by an electrostatic conjugation method by using P(St-co-AA)microspheres as the negative potential blocks and cerium oxide nano powders as the positive potential blocks.The influences of the processing conditions on the formation and morphologies of the as-fabricated nano-composites were investigated.The results indicated that the P(St-co-AA)microspheres fabricated by soap-free emulsion polymerization were characterized of mono-dispersed spheres with particle sizes ranging from 160 nm to 390 nm.Cerium oxide nanopowders with particle sizes from 10 nm to 20 nm were synthesized by hydrothermal method.In the aqueous solution,P(St-co-AA)/cerium oxide core-shell nano-composites with dense shell layers were constructed.The key factor to control the morphologies of the obtained core-shell structures was the match of surface electric potentials between the positive and negative blocks.The optimal conditions were at St/AA of 10∶1and pH value from 2.0to 3.0.


The fluctuation of stock price will not only influence monetary speculation demand through influencing economic entity's opportunity cost of holding money,but also influence monetary transaction demand and prevention demand through influencing aggregate supply and demand,and financial asset price,and then influence money demand. From the conclusion of theoretical analysis and the results of empirical research,the influence of stock price on money demand is negative,and there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between stock price and money demand,so monetary authorities must pay attention to the change of stock price when formulating and implementing monetary policy. But because the influence is weak,monetary authorities cannot bring stock price into the goal system of monetary policy,that is monetary authorities only pay attention to stock price,instead of staring at it.


The invention provides a control system for a dual-redundancy electric steering engine. The control system comprises a first motor and a second motor for power input of a differential epicyclic gear train speed reducer for controlling the steering engine, a first position sensor and a second position sensor used for acquiring motion state of the steering engine, and a first digital control unit and a second digital control unit used for respectively receiving signals of the first position sensor and the second position sensor, the first motor and the second motor are respectively provided with a first brake and a second brake, the first brake and the second brake are respectively connected with output terminals of the first digital control unit and the second digital control unit, the first digital control unit and the second digital control unit respectively send control signals to the first motor and the second motor via a first inverter and a second inverter, the first inverter and the second inverter are respectively provided with a first bridge current sensor and a second bridge current sensor used for transmitting bridge current sampling signals to the first digital control unit and the second digital control unit, the first digital control unit and the second digital control unit respectively receive steering instruction signals for controlling a computer via a CAN bus interface, the first digital control unit and the second digital control unit are mutually connected and communicate with each other, and the first digital control unit and the second digital control unit are heat backups to each other.


The Multidisciplinary Arm Prosthetic Team at the Odense University Hospital, prescribed an arm prosthesis for the child at 6 months of age. The child was fitted with a transhumeral prosthesis, with a soft silicon inner socket (Figure 3). The silicone inner socket was made with shore 65 rolled 1-1,5 mm silicone and baked in an oven for 8 hours. The laminated outer socket had an inbuilt thread, to connect with the special made elbow joint, allowing easy interchanging of the socket.


NASA is set to launch its first Earth science small satellite constellation, which will help improve hurricane intensity, track, and storm surge forecasts, on Dec. 12 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.


Cellular and tissue-level edema is a common feature of acute viral infections such as covid-19, and of many hyponatremic hypoosmolar disorders. However, there is little understanding of the effects of cellular edema on antiviral effector mechanisms. We previously discovered that cytoplasmic human MxA, a major antiviral effector of Type I and III interferons against several RNA- and DNA-containing viruses, existed in the cytoplasm in phase-separated membraneless biomolecular condensates of varying sizes and shapes. In this study we investigated how hypoosmolar conditions, mimicking cellular edema, might affect the structure and antiviral function of MxA condensates. Cytoplasmic condensates of both IFN-α-induced endogenous MxA and of exogenously expressed GFP-MxA in human A549 lung and Huh7 hepatoma cells rapidly disassembled within 1-2 min when cells were exposed to hypotonic buffer (∼ 40-50 mOsm), and rapidly reassembled into new structures within 1-2 min of shifting of cells to isotonic culture medium (∼ 330 mOsm). MxA condensates in cells continuously exposed to culture medium of moderate hypotonicity (in the range one-fourth, one-third or one-half isotonicity; range 90-175 mOsm) first rapidly disassembled within 1-3 min, and then, in most cells, spontaneously reassembled 7-15 min later into new structures. Condensate reassembly, whether induced by isotonic medium or occurring spontaneously under continued moderate hypotonicity, was preceded by "crowding" of the cytosolic space by large vacuole-like dilations (VLDs) derived from internalized plasma membrane. Remarkably, the antiviral activity of GFP-MxA against vesicular stomatitis virus survived hypoosmolar disassembly. Overall, the data highlight the exquisite sensitivity of MxA condensates to rapid reversible osmoregulation.


The stock market is extremely important in the financial component of the country's growth, but it is also extremely dynamic and unpredictable. Significant political concerns, investor calls, journal stories, the company's restructuring and development strategies, and many other factors will quickly affect it. Single business day, thousands of investors invest in the stock market. Some of these investors either lose or gain money. However, the loss or benefit on any given trading day is unpredictable. The demand for stock price predictions is incredibly strong, necessitating the use of stock market research. Effective forecast tools assist traders indirectly by supplying supportive knowledge such as price position in the future. In this paper, the system for forecasting stock is developed that makes use of stacked LSTM, linear regression, random forest and K-nearest neighbours neural network algorithm, to forecast the stock trends on the basis of the price history. The proposed framework is designed to analyse every company's stock using mathematical technical metrics. The remaining metrics are probabilistic, although others are deterministic. The aim of this paper is to reduce the risk of failure in each exchange while increasing benefit.


A semi-active improved Bang-Bang control algorithm for closed-loop cable vibration control with magneto-rheological(MR) dampers was applied based on measurement displacement,and the switch time of input voltage was involved as variable parameters.An experimental platform of cable-MR damper system based on dSPACE,MATLAB/Simulink and MR dampers was established.The semi-active control experiment of cable-MR damper system by using the platform was done.Influences of input voltage,switch time,etc.of MR damper on effect of cable vibration control were studied.The results show that the equivalent modal damping ratios of system obtained from semi-active control are larger than those obtained from passive control for the first three modes.The switch time of input voltage significantly influences the effect of cable vibration control for MR dampers.


The invention discloses a novel LED (light emitting diode) light source and an illumination device thereof, belonging to a light emitting system and device. Because the existing white light LED spectrum is in a narrower belt shape, is incomplete in color, higher in color temperature and lower in color rendering and has non-soft and discordant lights to eyes, in the invention, through reducing the blue light peak value in the white light LED light source, and supplying green and red light components in the white light LED spectrum, the spectrum is continuous and widened, thus the aim of the modification of the origional light source is achieved.


In this paper, we consider a hierarchical control based DC microgrid (DCmG) equipped with unknown input observer (UIO) based detectors, and investigate false data injection (FDI) attacks against the secondary control layer. First, we point out that the fundamental limitation of the UIO-based detector comes from the unknown inputs, which can be utilized to construct zero trace undetectable (ZTU) attacks causing zero impact on detection residuals. Furthermore, we extend ZTU attacks to nonzero trace undetectable (NTU) attacks by utilizing system noise, under which the detection residuals are still bounded by certain detection thresholds. Then, analytical expressions of the point of common coupling (PCC) voltages are obtained to analyze the impacts of NTU attacks in the DCmG. Moreover, we provide a possible countermeasure against ZTU and NTU attacks by observing the average PCC voltage deviation. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted in Simulink/PLECS to validate theoretical results and effectiveness of the countermeasure.


Ground Tests are a fundamental milestone within the development of the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) which will fly onboard the ESA satellite P. They allow the collection of information which can not be supplied by monitoring onboard activity of the satellite during operations. Here methods and principles driving the management and elaboration of data collected during the Ground Tests campaign for the P/LFI are synthetically presented. Ground Tests take place in LABEN (Milano) and will last for about


In ecological effects of nuclear steam electric station operations on estuarine systems. Volume II. A survey was conducted of the bottom fishes in the vicinity of the proposed Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Station to determine the kinds of fish present, their relative abundance, and their seasonal variations. Salinity and water temperature were determined at each station at the time of the sampling. (ERB)


Cigarette smoking has an enormous impact on public health in the United States. I t is estimated that premature deaths related to smoking exceed 400,00O/year.' This is more than annual drug and alcohol deaths combined and seven times more than the annual U.S. automobile fatality figure. Smoking-related deaths exceed U.S. military fatalities in World War I, Korea, and Vietnam combined and approach the death total in World War 11.' Fifty years ago Pearl3 reported epidemiologic evidence that smoking shortens life expectancy. Excessive mortality from cigarette smoking is due to increased incidences of coronary heart disease (CHD), lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, cerebrovascular disease, and an assortment of other smoking-related cancers (larynx, mouth, esophagus, bladder, and pancreas). Although pulmonary effects are more easily recognized by smokers, cardiovascular consequences are statistically more influential in smoking-related deaths. Two thirds of the morbidity and mortality attributable to smoking is related to cardiovascular d i ~ e a s e . ~ To put deaths caused by cigarette smoking in better perspective, one need only review the statistics related to reduced life expectancy of cigarette smokers. A 25-year-old man who smokes one pack of cigarettes per day loses 4.6 years of life. A 25-year-old man who smokes t w o packs of cigarettes per day loses 8.3 years of life. An average of 5% minutes of life is lost for each cigarette s m ~ k e d . ~ The economic costs of smoking are also staggering. Warner6 has estimated that direct health care expenditures for smoking-related illnesses in the United States exceed $16 billion/year. Over $37 million is spent in indirect health care costs. This computes to $200 per capita annual cost for smoking-related illness. When one considers other costs of cigarette smoking, the economic


When one grows up in a distinctive culture, it's bound to influence his/her lifestyle, including adopted traditions, taboos, rituals, belief system-and perhaps most enjoyable, his/her food choice. Thus, Culture in its diversity, comprising of beliefs, taboos, traditions, as well as rituals, has dietary requirements with regard to the dishes and/ingredients that may be consumed. Melia (2011) asserts that Food choices among the global hospitality clientele are diverse; including ethnic cuisines, fusion cuisines and contemporary cuisines, with a variety of factors determining these choices. However, in spite of this broad classification of cuisines, the menu, and especially the Kenyan menu, has particularly focused on exotic national cuisines such as the French cuisine, Italian cuisine, German cuisine, Mexican cuisine, Indian cuisine etc (Jee Hye Lee, 2014), in an effort to increase and/ or maintain profitability. Moreover, the Kenyan hospitality training institutions have put more emphasis on culinary skills that incline towards the worlds' cuisines, with very little, and sometimes no focus on the pure ethnic culinary skills within their programs. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the cultural factors that determine food choices among hospitality clientele in the commercial catering outlets. The general objective was to investigate the hospitality industry's client food choices, and the cultural factors that determine food item choices among the clients. A cross-section survey as well as descriptive correlation survey approach was adopted, while the target population constituted hospitality clientele patronizing the food outlets in Kisumu City of Kisumu County. Purposive sampling, systematic random sampling, as well as simple random sampling were employed, with a sample size of 384 respondents. Pre-testing was conducted in three commercial catering outlets to ensure validity of the instruments, while on the other hand, the reliability statistics for independent variable had Cronchbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.891(>0.70), while those of moderating variable had Cronchbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.792 (>0.70). Interview schedules and questionnaires were administered to the study population and recorded a response rate of 97.6%. Data was coded and analyzed by use of SPSS version 20, and presented via descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages, inferential statistics including regression and chi square ( 2  ), ANOVA and t-test. The results of the study show that there is a relationship between cultural factors and food choices by hospitality clientele in commercial catering outlets within Kisumu City, Kisumu County, hence food choices are determined by cultural factors; traditions, taboos, beliefs and rituals respectively. Conversely, the study results depicts that there is influence of environmental factors on the relationship between cultural factors and food choices by hospitality clientele in commercial catering outlets within Kisumu City in Kisumu County. Thus environmental factors, including geographic factors, economic factors and social factors, have a moderating influence on the relationship between cultural factors and food choices by hospitality clientele. Hypotheses of the study were formulated and tested at 0.05% level of significance. The results show that the study failed to reject all the three null hypotheses and concluded at 95% confidence level; there is no significant relationship between cultural factors and food choices among the hospitality clientele in commercial catering outlets within Kisumu city, Kisumu County, there is no significant influence of environmental factors on the relationship between cultural factors and food choices by hospitality clientele in commercial catering outlets within Kisumu city in Kisumu


The author discusses the properties of new mathematics curriculum teaching contents in primary school.Teachers should earnestly comprehend mathematical text to implement effective mathematic teaching.Also,the author puts forward some effective ways to implement effective mathematical teaching in primary school.


On their roller coaster ride through turbulence, tracer particles sample the fluctuations of the underlying fields in space and time. Quantitatively relating particle and field statistics remains a fundamental challenge in a large variety of turbulent flows. We quantify how tracer particles sample turbulence by expressing their temporal velocity fluctuations in terms of an effective probabilistic sampling of spatial velocity field fluctuations. To corroborate our theory, we investigate an extensive suite of direct numerical simulations of hydrodynamic turbulence covering a Taylor-scale Reynolds number range from 150 to 430. Our approach allows the assessment of particle statistics from the knowledge of flow field statistics only, therefore opening avenues to a new generation of models for transport in complex flows.


Eutrophication of freshwater bodies caused by phosphorus (P) runoff from agricultural fields is a critical water quality issue in Delaware. Improving the management of P in crop production is an important step toward addressing this issue. Applications of P to cropland usually are guided by soil tests, which were developed to predict quantities of plant-available P. How these samples should be collected is still a matter of much debate. Delaware guidelines for soil sampling recommend collecting samples on a 20 acre grid. However, new research indicates that grid sampling at an extremely small scale, possibly less than two meters, may be necessary to address spatial variability in soil P availability. Such intense sampling is not practical for most producers. However, this problem can be addressed by using remote sensing, which has the potential to gather large amounts of data efficiently and effectively. Spectrometer measurements were acquired from an existing P study during the 2005 growing season. P treatments ranged from 0 to 134.5 kg P2O5 per hectare. Treatments included both organic and inorganic P sources. Spectrometer measurements were acquired twice during the growing season with a Cropscan MSR87 radiometer having eight narrow band wavelengths from 460 to 810mm. Tissue samples were collected the same day as imagery acquisition. Analysis of reflectance and tissue P suggest that remote sensing is a viable tool for characterizing plant available P during the growing season. This would provide better information for subsequent site-specific applications of P, thus minimizing runoff and protecting our nation's water supplies.


The authors present an EMG pattern recognition method to identify motion command for the control of a prosthetic arm by evidence accumulation with multiple parameters. The adaptive cepstrum coefficients which the authors propose in this paper, integral absolute value (IAV), difference absolute mean value (DAMV), variance and autoregressive (AR) model coefficients, are extracted as parameters by probabilistic and stochastic models. Pattern recognition is carried out through an evidence accumulation procedure with the distances measured with reference parameters. A fuzzy mapping function is designed to transform the distances. A recognition comparison test is provided to show the superiority of the suggested recognition method. A separability comparison test is also provided to evaluate the feasibility of the adaptive cepstrum coefficients extracted by the proposed approach.


The invention provides a cattle feed additive and an application method thereof, particularly a nutrition regulation method for increasing the concentration of propionic acid in Yanbian cattle rumen and the content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and an endogenous synthesized precursor thereof---trans-oleic acid (trans-11C18:1) by adding linseed oil and malic acid into daily ration. Through a daily ration nutrition technique, the PH value and the propionic acid concentration of the Yanbian cattle rumen are increased to a certain extent, the internal environment of the rumen is improved, and the propionic acid and the trans-oleic acid in rumen liquid are increased.


In Smart Cities generation of waste is increasing due to rapid growth of population, industries in urban areas and the biggest problem to authorities is collection of wastage from different locations. Due to the lack of proper information about 85% of the total municipal solid waste budget is spent on waste collection and transportation. To tackle this problem, we need an intelligent system to monitor waste and to give the complete information to authorities to solve the waste management problem in well-organized manner. Our proposed smart bin uses ultrasonic sensor and temperature sensor DS18B20 to identify the status of the bin and update it to the database in a regular interval. The truck driver is notified through the mobile application and reaches the corresponding bin which needs attention. This minimize the usage of man power and other resources, moreover the bin uses image processing technique to identify the plastic bottles in the waste. This helps to segregate the biodegradable from non biodegradable waste. It also helps to identify any suspicious material being placed in the bin.


Preconditionings based on incomplete block odd-even cyclic reduction for the Chebyshev and conjugate gradient polynomial iterative methods have been shown to be effective for accelerating the convergence of the solution of linear systems that arise from discrete approximations of elliptic partial differential equations. The main contribution of this paper is to extend these methods to the important case of red/black partitioning of equations and unknowns and to demonstrate that a significant reduction in computations can be realized by applying preconditioned polynomial methods to the "reduced systems" obtained from the original systems by eliminating approximately half of the unknowns.This paper also compares the performance of several preconditioned polynomial methods for solving a two-dimensional elliptic equation on the CYBER 205 vector computer. The most effective methods tested are shown to be (i) the new reduced system conjugate gradient method with preconditioner based on incomplete block odd-even cyclic reduction, and (ii) the classical reduced system conjugate gradient method with preconditioner $D_B $, the tridiagonal matrix associated with the black unknowns. Of these methods, the former is better in most cases, especially for some slowly converging problems.


Vitamin D is essential for normal metabolism of phosphorus and calcium, and differentiation of skeletal elements. 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin‐D3, the biologically active metabolite, acts as an induction/proliferation switch in various cell types and promotes chondrogenesis of chick limb bud mesenchymal cells. The function of vitamin D is mediated through its nuclear receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The proliferative actions of 1,25(OH)2‐D3 on limb bud mesenchymal cells are similar to the ones produced by retinoids, such as all‐trans retinoic acid (RA) or 9‐cis retinoic acid (9‐cis). The retinoids have been shown to be compounds of extreme importance in the field of limb development and regeneration. In order to examine possible roles of vitamin D metabolites on limb regeneration, the effects of 1,25(OH)2‐D3, 24,25(OH)2‐D3 and KH1060 (a more potent metabolite) alone or in conjunction with all‐trans RA or 9‐cis RA on the regenerating axolotl limb. Vitamin D affects limb morphogenesis by generating abnormalities in skeletal elements. Synergism of vitamin D with retinoic acid in affecting pattern formation is suggested by the results.


Nanofluidic sensors have been developed over the past decade and demonstrated the capability of sensing single DNA molecules. One important and promising class of nanofluidic devices detects single molecules by inserting a nanopore or nanochannel between two fluid cells and inducing an ionic current by applying an electric bias across the nanopore or nanochannel. When molecules are translocated through the nanopore/nanochannel, a modulation of the baseline ionic current can be observed. In this scheme, the ionic current modulation is approximately the same as the channel resistance modulation, requiring the channel size to be comparable to the molecules to be detected. Here we report on a new sensing scheme to detect the translocation of particles through a fluidic channel, which amplifies the resistance modulation by up to 75 times. In this scheme, the device connects the gate of a MOSFET with a fluidic circuit and monitors the modulation of MOSFET's drain current to detect particles. We demonstrate that amplification can be achieved from both the fluidic circuit and the MOSFET. For a 9.86 μm diameter polystyrene bead that occupies 0.7% of the total volume of the sensing channel, results show that the drain current of the MOSFET is blocked by 30–46%. We also demonstrate the capability of this device to distinguish particles with similar sizes but different surface charges as they translocate through the sensing channel. More interestingly, the experiments with CD4+ T lymphocyte cells show another modulation pattern: the MOSFET's drain current is first enhanced and then blocked, which is not fully understood and needs further investigation. Although at this moment the device is based on microchannels and the particles detected are micron-size beads and cells, we expect that the same scheme can be applied to nanofluidic circuits for single molecule detection.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


Sewage microorganisms readily degraded unsubstituted aliphatic acids, but the rate of decomposition was much slower with substituted acids as substrates. The type, number, and position of the substituents governed the rate of the oxidation. A single halogen, particularly if on the α-carbon, decreased the rate of biodegradation, but the dihalogenated compounds tested were especially resistant. Dimethyl-substituted aliphatic acids and alcohols were also poorly utilized. Bacteria unable to grow on certain brominated fatty acids were capable of oxidizing and dehalogenating ω- but not α-bromoaliphatic acids.


Twelve elastic constants of recombinant bamboo were determined using an electrical testing method. Three poisson's ratios with a big variation coefficient were revised. The applicability of the electrical method for elastic constants determination was verified. At last, the elastic constants of recombinant bamboo were compared with those of several timbers. The results showed the relationship between elastic modulus of recombinant bamboo was ELERET and its coefficients of variations ranged from 12.723% to 28.944%. In addition, the elastic constants satisfied restrict conditions of the orthotropic model, but slightly large errors between test values and theoretical values were brought by the non-uniform distribution of bamboo bundles. The elastic constants of recombinant bamboo were much higher than those of timbers.


Abstract During most of its recorded history (essentially 1698–1930) the people of St. Kilda (a small and remote archipelago in Scotland and now a World Heritage site) were members of a closely knit, communitarian society. Their habit of locking their doors forms the starting point for an exploration of the potential role of cash in the community, intracommunity tensions and family identities, and the relationships between the islanders and visiting outsiders, including tourists and fishermen. The article also discusses strategies deployed by the St. Kildans to resist the exactions of the McLeod chiefdom. It is argued that the "egalitarianism" of St. Kilda was accompanied by "equality of opportunity" with institutionalized ways of maintaining family difference and identity.


Geological maps contain crucial information to constrain geodynamic models, but they remain underutilized by the geodynamic community. Particularly significant are unconformable geologic contacts at continental scales: what is usually perceived as a lack of data (material eroded or not deposited) becomes instead part of the signal of dynamic topography variation over geologic time.

 Here we show how we were able to use geological maps to constrain the dynamic processes in the mantle beneath Africa by understanding its Cenozoic elevation history, and by using it to distinguish between different uplift and subsidence scenarios. This was accomplished by using geological maps at the continent scale to map the spatiotemporal patterns of geological contacts, under the assumption that continental-scale unconformable contacts are proxies for vertical motions and paleotopography.

We found that significant differences exist in interregional-scale hiatus surfaces at the level of geologic series. The total unconformable area at the base of the Miocene expands significantly compared to the base of the Oligocene, strongly suggesting that most of Africa underwent uplift in the Oligocene. In southern Africa there are no marine Oligocene or Pleistocene sediments, suggesting that this region reached a high in the Oligocene, subsided in the Miocene and Pliocene, and has been high again since late Pliocene to Pleistocene. Our results therefore support a dynamic origin for the topography of Africa. Specifically, the time-scale of geologic series (at most a few tens of millions of years) is comparable to the spreading-rate variations in the south Atlantic, which have been linked to African elevation changes through pressure-driven upper mantle flow.


ABSTRACT Contemporary educational approaches comprehend the school as a complex social organism, where relations between participants play the main role, first of all relations between a teacher and pupils. The level and the quality of these relations determine the effectiveness of the education, the class and school climate. The term 'well-educated' doesn't mean only the skill of reading, writing and counting any more, but rather the ability to hold the job out, be an active citizen and the skills to establish relations. The success of men depends more on his/her ability of communication and positive interaction. The aim of the present discourse is to give a brief outline of, the possibilities of using video interaction guidance (VIG) to the development of social and communication skills of teachers and pupils. Video recording and feedback has been refined in the Netherlands over the last twenty five years as a method of intervention with children who have social and emotional difficulties or who experience forms of communication break-down. Positive video feedback techniques have been used in the context of families and schools to facilitate communication and meet children' s emotional needs. This paper describes the theoretical basis of VIG and the background to its use in schools as part of an evaluation of its implementation within a variety of educational contexts. Results of researches suggest that this provide a valuable opportunity for personal, professional and social development for both teachers and pupils across a range of contexts. These investigations have shown that this approach improves the communication skills and self-esteem of both adults and children, therefore, enhancing effective learning and teaching and minimising negative contact, e.g. misunderstanding, inattention, conflict.


The present invention, (a) is provided on the outer ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly of a plurality of permanent magnet segments formed of a combination of a ring having a magnetization direction oriented to the magnetic flux flow in the radial direction, the inner side of the outer ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly, magnetic field generating means having a combination of a plurality of permanent magnet segments having a magnetization direction oriented in the radial direction so that the magnetic flux flows in the ring-shaped an inner ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly composed and, (b) in the central hollow portion of the inner ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly located, with the heat treatment in a magnetic field having a heat treatment device provided with a heat treatment vessel containing a turn cooling means to the inside and the heating means, and a plurality of heat treatment maintained for maintaining an object to be heat-treated product obtained from the outside, a plurality of a method of heat-treating an object to be heat-treated product at the same time, (1) the diameter in the central cavity In the relative rotational position of the inner ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly and said outer ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly of the orientation magnetic field is zero, and inserting a plurality of heat treatment maintained for a laminating the blood heat-treated product, obtain in the heat treatment vessel, (2) in a state in which the presence of a predetermined magnetic field in the central cavity by relatively rotating with respect to the outer ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly in the inner ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly, and at the same time, by the heating means heat-treating an object to be heat-treated product in the heat treatment vessel, by the cooling means, and cooling said magnetic field generating means, (3) the to-be-heat-treated product, the radial direction magnetic field is the inner ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly and said outer ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly which is zero in the central hollow portion after the heat treatment is complete, in the relative rotational position between the heat-treating vessel of a plurality of heat-treated product In the heat treatment in a magnetic field, characterized in that pulling out from the inner diameter of the inner ring-shaped permanent magnet assembly is at least 120mm, an outer diameter D Magnetic flux, the magnetic field, Co, heat treatment vessel and the cooling means.


The article reviews the art exhibition "I am in heaven," which featured various art films, installations and other artworks by the contemporary Dutch artist Erik van Lieshout, held at the Anton Kern art gallery, located in New York City, in early 2015.


An instructor in a play writing course once challenged me with the question, "Why do you always write about disabled characters?" Being a rather timid undergrad student at the time, I fear that my response was somewhat banal: I said something to the effect that I believed that, in one way or another, all good writers bring their lived experience to their writing. What I now wish I had said in response was, "I suppose I always write about disabled characters for the same reason that non-disabled writers always write about non-disabled characters."


High manganese steel was maintained stability of Non-Magnetics performance. Fatigue tests were carried out under constant stress amplitude, using a non-magnetic high manganese steel. The fatigue crack growth mechanism of the high manganese steel was clarified from results such as observation of crack growth path and fracture surface. The result of getting this study was shown as following: 1)Remarkably ΔKth of the high manganese steel is big with about 3 times of the general steel product. 2) In the low ΔK value region, da/dN is dependent on Kmax, and in the high ΔK value region, it is dependent on ΔKeff. The reason of this behavior is crack closure due to fracture surface roughness and fretting oxide. 3) It seems to ease the stress concentration of crack tip crack growth behavior in the ΔKth vicinity by the generation of the secondary crack.