This paper describes a new method for measuring the spectra of infrared radiation emitted by protein solutions in the native state without any external excitation. Radiation is detected using a vacuum Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and the tested sample itself is a source of radiation. The necessary conditions for detecting radiation from a sample are the use of a highly sensitive cooled detector and the presence of a cold background. In this work, the background was a black body at the boiling point of nitrogen. It is also important to select the optimal vacuum pumping depth for the spectrometer and sample thickness. Radiation occurs due to spontaneous radiative transitions from excited vibrational energy states to the ground state of molecules. The intensity of radiation is determined by the population of the respective energy states, which, according to the Boltzmann distribution, depends on temperature and frequency. Using solution of human interferon gamma as an example, it has been shown for the first time that proteins have intrinsic radiation. The described method allows detecting spectral lines with a radiation power of about 10−8 W or even less. It has also been demonstrated that emission spectroscopy offers advantages in the signal-to-noize ratio compared to absorption spectroscopy and allows analyzing the structural characteristics of a protein, in particular, providing information about its secondary structure. Another significant advantage of the method described in the article is its noninvasiveness. At the sample temperature of 25°С, emission spectra can be detected in the range from 400 to 3,600 cm−1, which covers almost the entire frequency range of existing stretching and bending vibrations of molecules. At the same time, in the fingerprint region from 500 to 1,600 cm−1 (the most informative part of the infrared spectrum), the highest sensitivity of the method is demonstrated. There is also potential for extending the available frequency range into the far infrared and terahertz ranges. Being applicable to the study of protein solutions in low concentrations, the proposed approach is not only interesting from the point of view of fundamental science but also can have applied significance in biological and medical research.


Many existing methods of counterfactual explanations ignore the intrinsic relationships between data attributes and thus fail to generate realistic counterfactuals. Moreover, the existing methods that account for relationships between data attributes require domain knowledge, which limits their applicability in complex real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to realistic counterfactual explanations that preserve relationships between data attributes. The model directly learns the relationships by a variational auto-encoder without domain knowledge and then learns to disturb the latent space accordingly. We conduct extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets. The results demonstrate that the proposed method learns relationships from the data and preserves these relationships in generated counterfactuals.


We prove sharp power-weighted strong type, weak type and restricted weak type inequalities for the heat and Poisson integral maximal operators, Riesz transform and a Littlewood-Paley type square function, emerging naturally in the harmonic analysis related to Bessel operators.


Author(s): Irmischer, Ian Joseph | Advisor(s): Clarke, Keith C | Abstract: Navigation, defined as goal-related movement through space and time to reach a destination, is a fundamental human activity. Geographers, physiologists, archeologists, anthropologists, and psychologists have long been interested in the spatial, temporal, and energy expenditure aspects of navigation. Hikers, search and rescue teams, firefighters, the military, and others navigate on foot through rugged terrain, and their success depends on understanding how the dynamics of foot-based navigation affect individual capabilities, caloric requirements, and risk potential. This research project modeled energy expenditure and speed of movement of human beings engaged in foot-based navigation in wooded environments with varied terrain. The models were developed using spatiotemporal analysis of a subject's movement trajectories and biometrics. Energy expenditure estimates were collected via biosensors and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) from subjects while they engaged in foot-based navigation through undeveloped, forested landscapes. Trajectory data from 200 subjects were merged with a land cover data set to analyze characteristics of human navigation over varying slopes and terrain. Generalizing these characteristics provided a model of energy expenditure and navigational speed from an origin to destination along an unknown route. The equation developed to model energy expenditure of a human's route during navigation uses terrain slope, land cover, body mass index (BMI), sex and traveled distance to predict Calorie consumption with an accuracy of 89 percent. The model of navigation speed accurately predicts route completion time within 10 percent. These models help to explain the human dynamics of navigation.


Forms of regional Internet news websites influence on user attitudes towards migrants are investigated. The research data of the regional news websites content-analysis of the "migrant" category are analyzed.


The seasonal timing of reproduction was examined for two predatory stinkbugs (He- miptera: Pentatomidae) in stands of goldenrod (Solidago spp.) near Ithaca, New York, USA. One species, Perillus circumcinctus, is a specialist predator of soft-bodied beetle larvae and occurs in few habitats. The second species, Podisus maculiventris, is a generalist predator that attacks many kinds of insect prey in a great diversity of habitats. In goldenrod stands both predators fed primarily on Trirhabda spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Sweep samples revealed that nymphs of the specialist predator matured in synchrony with larvae of the univoltine Trirhabda in May and June. Most nymphs of the generalist predator matured several weeks later and older instars of this predator fed primarily on Trirhabda adults. Nymphs of both predators easily overpower larvae of Trirhabda, but they rarely succeed in capturing the alert beetle adults; consequently the availability of food in goldenrod stands deteriorates as the beetles mature. Field patterns of body size of the predators reflect the seasonal change in food supply. For both predators, adult body size depends upon the rate at which nymphs consume prey. As the season progressed, the size of newly molted adults of both stinkbugs declined, paralleling the earlier decline in availability of Trirhabda larvae as prey for nymphs. Because of differences in seasonal appearance, most specialist predators attained adult sizes in the field approximating the maxima attained in the laboratory, while most generalist predators attained significantly smaller sizes. Those few generalist predators that did mature early also generally attained maximum size; they experienced little difficulty finding, capturing, and digesting Trirhabda larvae. These results indicate that the specialist predator exploits Trirhabda populations more effectively than the generalist. The key difference in the habits of the two predators lies not in the foraging efficiency of nymphs nor in biochemical adaptation to the prey, but rather in timing of reproduction. Well-timed oviposition in goldenrod stands by specialist females ensures that offspring mature during the short period each summer when prey are easily harvested. In contrast, the relatively poor timing of oviposition by generalist females results in most of their offspring experiencing substantial food stress.


This chapter sets out the debates about the changing role of audiences in relation to user-created content as they appear in New Media and Cultural Studies. The discussion moves beyond the simple dichotomies between active producers and passive audiences, and draws on empirical evidence, in order to examine those practices that are most ordinary and widespread. Building on the knowledge of television's role in facilitating public life, and the everyday, affective practices through which it is experienced and used, I focus on the way in which YouTube operates as a site of community, creativity and cultural citizenship; and as an archive of popular cultural memory.


Purpose: Echocardiography has become a useful method for assessing structural diseases of the heart. MAPSE and TDI S' have also been shown to be reproducible assessments of longitudinal heart changes as LVEF is ineffective in cases of sub-optimal echocardiographic imagery caused by artefacts or air trapping.
Methodology: One hundred patients referred for echocardiography at the cardiac laboratory of DELSUTH, Oghara, Nigeria was recruited for the study. All patients had trans-thoracic echocardiography done with M-Mode, 2D and Spectral Doppler and Tissue Doppler echocardiographic images acquired. Data obtained was analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 22. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant for all comparisons.
Findings: Hypertension was the commonest indication for an echocardiogram. The prevalence of abnormal left ventricular function was 13%, 24% and 28% as determined using LVEF, TDI S' and MAPSE. MAPSE had a higher specificity than TDI S' with statistically significant correlations found between TDI S' (p<0.001); MAPSE (p=0.032) and LVEF. Multiple linear and binomial logistic regression analysis showed significant relationships (beta=0.423; p <0.001) and odd ratios [OR(CI) = 10.80(2.56- 49.07)] respectively between TDI S' and LVEF.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: MAPSE's specificity allows for diagnosis of longitudinal heart functional changes even in cases where the LVEF may be within normal limits. A combination of both MAPSE and TDI S' offer a greater prognostic significance. The correlation between MAPSE and TDI S' were good. Thus, MAPSE and TDI S' can serve as surrogates for LVEF in assessing left ventricular systolic function and prognosticating cardiac disease


man and woman three-quarter length standing shaking hands looking towards camera -- same man and woman almost whole-length standing looking at each other shaking hands -- men and women sitting at desks a man standing in front of group right foreground women in nuns' habits in background.bob beel a self-taught photographer established the le dawn studios in wangaratta in 1956. from 1956 to his retirement in october 1996 he recorded public events and life in north eastern victoria.title information and date inscribed in blue ballpoint pen on original envelope (retained)


Eating disorders are common in children. With the evolving time, the typical anorexia nervosa or bulimia are less common. These are identified earlier. In fact, other types of relatively less severe eating disorders are being identified more, which are subtle and more difficult to identify and manage.


Twenty (20) albino rats of both sexes were divided into five groups of four animals each and tested for body weight as well as haematological parameters such as: PCV, WBC, HB, RBC, MCV, MCHC and MCH methanol leaf extract of F. exasperata . The test groups II, III, IV and V were fed with extract doses of 100, 200, 300 and 400mg/kg body weight of mice respectively by oral means for two weeks. Initial weights of the rats and weights after feeding were taken, and then the animals were sacrificed after two weeks. Blood samples collected from the sacrificed animals were analysed for haematological parameters. Results showed that weights of the animals increase as the doses increase in all the groups except for the control group (I) where the animals were given ordinary water. General decreases in haematological parameters PCV, HB, WBC, MCHC and MCV were witnessed whilst the RBC showed significant increases (P≤0.05) compared with the control value 5.05 ± 0.31x106 mm3. The study indicated that long term use of the leaves of F. exasperata as an oral medication in traditional medicine was not safe at the doses investigated in this study, as the weight increase in the animals may be due to hypertrophy (swollen organs) except in the control group without the extract.


This paper expounded how to sufficiently integrate the urban rail transit construction with the metro property development in the process of design and construction,in order to achieve the goal of comprehensive benefit sharing,such as improving public transportation,making profit from real estate,protecting urban green environment and so on.Taking metro property developments in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and other cities as examples,this paper put forward the research ideas for the issues needing to be emphatically researched in the process of metro property development,including the metro property development mode,traffic organization,structural key technologies,energy saving and environmental protection,and the administrative approval process of metro property development.


There is an alarming amount of frozen and unclaimed assets in Malaysia. Among the factors that contribute to this situation is the failure of the decedent to leave a will to the heirs of the estate or to leave the important documents necessary to initiate the distribution of the estate. This lack of preparation will inimitably put the heirs in a difficult position because they will have to spend their time and money to search and collect all related information and documentation related to the estate to assist them in liquefying and distributing the assets. With the advancement of information technology, there are information systems that had been built to manage and plan the estate of individuals. However, these systems have limitations and are unsuitable to be implemented in Malaysia because of different laws and procedures. Therefore, this paper proposes a personal legacy information system that will allow the owner to manage information such as assets, debts, wills and personal secrets, in a single platform. In addition, the owner can keep related documents to the information that are required for asset planning and distribution, especially in the Malaysian context. The owner can appoint a trustee(s) through the system and all information will be released by the system to the trustee when the owner dies. By applying encrypted communication, the legacy data will be kept secure. Static analysis is described at the requirement level for specifying the functional requirements of the system, using Z Specification. We hope that the proposed system will help mitigate the issues surrounding the problem of frozen and unclaimed assets


Angiogenesis has been reported to be an essential step in the progression and development of carcinomas. Numerous growth factors regulate angiogenesis, however, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been reported to be most relevant within this context. 1 The endothelium starts to proliferate, vessels migrate into the tumor, and permeability is increased after the VEGF pathway has been started. VEGF is up-regulated in most carcinomas, and its expression correlates positively with tumor progression and negatively with cancer prognosis. Before a tumor can grow beyond 1–2 mm, it requires blood vessels for nutrients and growth. At this size, the production of VEGF by the tumor results in the "angiogenic switch," where new vasculature is formed in and around the tumor. 2 Of interest, in the colonic mucosa, angiogenesis has been detected as the earliest sign of neoplasia, and microvessel density increases gradually from low-grade to high-grade neoplasia to cancer. 3 Due to the key role of VEGF in carcinogenesis, several drugs have been developed to inhibit angiogenesis by blocking the VEGF receptor. Recently bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody to VEGF, has been approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancers.


Salur Qazan, who has a special place in our epic tradition, is the hero who has surrounded all the narratives of the Gunbad manuscript, which was unearthed in 2019 and introduced to the world of science. On the pages 38-39 of the manuscript, Qazan's heroism about the "holding the rolling stone" was explained in the soylama, which he expressed in his heroism. This narrative is a heroism of Qazan, which has been described as "epic stereotype" in Shejere-i Terakime, Topkapi Oγuz-name and the Dresden manuscript of Dede Qorqut Book. It is also seen that this narrative has a reflection among the Altay Turks. The analysis of this narrative, which is full of uncertainties both in terms of the location of the event, the nature of the event and the parties of the event, is an important contribution to the uncovering the ground on which epics are fed. In this analysis, it is aimed to compare the text with parallel narratives and to reveal the similarities and differences between the texts and to reveal the scope of the text's expression.


This article serves as a reference manual for using Walnut in any Ostrowski numeration system based on a quadratic irrational number α. In Section 2, we talk about the theoretical definition of the Ostrowski numeration system, and in Section 4, we provide the syntax for the commands that enable Walnut to work in any Ostrowski numeration system. Walnut is an open source software package available for free. To work with the version of Walnut equipped with this feature, please download it from GitHub.


In this paper, we define some variants of corona of graphs namely, subdivision (respectively, R-graph, Q-graph, total) neighborhood corona, R-graph (respectively, Q-graph, total) semi-edge neighbor...


Objective To investigate the clinical value of balloon dilatation through electronic bronchosocpy in tracheobronchial stenosis after tuberculous.Methods 41patients with tuberculous taccheobronchial stenosis were treated by balloon dilatation through electronic bronchosocpy under local anesthesia.They were treated once two weeks and repeated three to seven times continuously.The airway diameters,dyspnea index,FEV1and FVC were evaluated in all patients before the treatment and immediately after tha last operation.Results The average operation time of the balloon dilatation was 4.7 in all 41 patients.The immediate curative effect reached to 100% and the long term 92.7%.Several patients with multiple taccheobronchial stenosis were treated by subsection balloon dilatation.No obvious complications were found in all patients after operation.The bronchus diameter,dyspnea index,FEV1and FVC were were improved significantly(P0.05).Conclusion Electronic bronchosocpic balloon dilation is a simple,safe and effective method to tuberculous tracheobronchial scar stenosis and can be prefferred.


Abstract A new Stylocellus from Singapore, the smallest species of the genus, is described and fully illustrated. The family Stylocellidae is rediagnosed and emended to include the representatives of the genera Miopsalis and Fangensis based on the results of a phylogenetic analysis of the cyphophthalmid genera (Giribet & Boyer 2002).


Economic, environmental, and biological concerns prompt the search for alternative, sustainable, agricultural production systems. Farmers need cropping systems that reduce negative impacts on the environment while maintaining or even improving farm profitability


We study the stability of a flexible beam clamped at one end. A mass is attached at the other end, where a control moment is applied. The boundary control is proportional to the angular velocity at the end. By spectral analysis, we prove that the optimal decay rate of the energy is given by the spectrum of the generator of the semigroup associated to the system.


Sexuality is an integral part of each individual's life that contributes to his or her lifelong identity. Women in the climacteric process are usually subject to changes in the experience of their sexuality. It is intended to characterize which nursing interventions promote the experience of sexuality with women in climacteric phase. Scoping review is used - inclusion criteria, participants: women in climacteric phase; context: where women in the climacteric phase resort to nursing care; concepts: sexuality, nursing, menopause, climacteric and women's health. For the research expression, the Booleans of AND and OR were used, articulating with the descriptors MeSH, in the EBSCO platform. The results reveal that menopausal women can experience sexuality in a different way through facilitated access to information, education and guidance of maternal health and obstetrics specialist nurses.


In this paper, a dual-mode λg/2 bandpass filter with two transmission zeros is designed and implemented. Also, the J-inverter is investigated as a function of the impedance and the electrical length of the open-stub of dual-mode λg/2 resonator, and the inverter is alternated by the coupling structure and tapped-line geometry for high out-of-band performance. The second transmission zero of the dual-modeλg/2 bandpass filter is defined by the open-stub of the tapped-line geometry as a function of J-inverter. The bandpass filter on the RT-duroid substrate has two transmission zeros of 2.38 and 2.88 GHz and has the insertion and return losses of 1.9 dB and 18 dB, respectively, at the center frequency of 2.48 GHz.


The temporal evolution of non-equilibrium γ' precipitates in a rapidly quenched and isothermally annealed commercial nickel base superalloy has been investigated by coupling transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. When subjected to rapid quenching from above the γ' solvus temperature, the supersaturated single phase γ matrix appears to undergo compositional phase separation possibly via spinodal decomposition to form solute-rich and solute-depleted regions. The regions that have an excess of Al and Ti (depleted in Cr and Co) undergo an ordering process resulting in the γ' domains which exhibit a far-from equilibrium composition. Furthermore, only local equilibrium is observed near the γ/γ' interface, with the far-field γ composition being farfrom equilibrium at the early stages of annealing. Upon isothermal annealing, the γ/γ' interface sharpens and the compositions of both γ and γ' phases approach equilibrium. The influence of a non-classical mechanism of γ' precipitation on the size distribution of precipitates as well as the precipitate and matrix compositions, and its subsequent evolution during isothermal annealing has been discussed.


As more and more companies are relying on their business partners or suppliers, the coordination of activities through supply chain becomes critical to the improvement of performance. Information sharing and collaboration is one of the most important approaches. The paper described the types of information to be shared and discussed system models useful for facilitating information sharing. Finally, the impact of information shared on performance of supply chain was examined from the view of storage theory. The simulation model that used the (s,S) tactic was presented to show the possible benefits.


The utility model discloses a bolt and a connecting assembly with the same. The bolt comprises a head, a neck and a screw, wherein the cross section of the head is oblong, the width of the head is not greater than that of a slot hole matched with the bolt, and the length of the head is greater than the width of the slot hole and not greater than the length of the slot hole; the cross section of the neck is rectangular, the neck is arranged at the lower end of the head, the side length of the neck is not greater than the width of the slot hole, and the length of the diagonal of the cross section of the neck is greater than the width of the slot hole; and the screw is arranged at the lower end of the neck, the outer circumferential surface of the screw is provided with an external thread, and the diameter of the screw is not greater than the width of the slot hole. The bolt can be used for quickly connecting two components under the condition that the space of a spanner is insufficient.


The effects of germinating types and treatments of acetic acid, water-soluble and water-insoluble chitosan on the germination ratio and sprout length of brown rice were investigated in this study. The treatment of 0.001% acetic acid improved the germination ratio and sprout growth of brown rice in the germinating types of a air-exposure method after water-soaking (Type II) and a repetitive method of water-soaking & air-exposure (Type III), not water-soaking method (Type I). The treatment of water-soluble chitosan with higher concentration caused higher germination ratio and faster sprout growth. The treatment of water-insoluble chitosan repressed the germination and the sprout growth of brown rice. The germination ratios of brown rice germinated by the Type III were higher than those by Type I and Type II for all the treatments of acetic acid and water-soluble & water-insoluble chitosan as more than 97% germination ratio. Also, the Type III method accelerated the sprout growth of brown rice compared with Type I and Type II.


Factors measured in Florida study include costs and benefits of applied compost, impact of feedstock quality, application rates, yield increases and fertilizer usage.


The authors engage in an evocative autoethnography1 as they live through the different ways they both grieve and mourn the death of a well-loved friend, colleague, and professor. They share how they navigate the grieving process of death and dying through their cultural traditions.2 Sharing personal stories can be therapeutic to make sense of ourselves and our experiences3 as writing the autoethnography "must always be interventionist, as it gives notice to those who may otherwise not be allowed to tell their story or who are denied a voice to speak."4 In the end, the authors use autoethnography to live through the grief as it grounds them with a deeper and healthy understanding about the personal and cultural influences shaping bereavement5 as they cope with the death in their own cultural ways.


1. Introduction. The potential theory of real harmonic tensors, which was first studied by Hodge (5), offers a variety of problems by no means all of which have yet been examined. In the present paper there are formulated the solutions of some boundary value problems for the Poisson equations associated with coclosed harmonic forms. These problems include as special cases a number of previous results on coclosed harmonic forms and harmonic fields.


The accuracy of the finite difference technique in solving frictionless and frictional advancing contact problems is investigated by solving the problem of a rigid punch on an elastic halfspace subjected to normal loading. Stick and slip conditions between the elastic and the rigid materials are added to an existing numerical algorithm which was previously used for solving frictionless and frictional stationary and receding contact problems. The numerical additions are first tested by applying them in the solution of receding and stationary contact problems and comparing them to known solutions. The receding contact problem is that of an elastic slab on a rigid half-plane; the stationary contact problem is that of a flat rigid punch on an elastic half-space. In both cases the influence of friction is examined. The results are compared to those of other investigations with very good agreement observed. Once more it is verified that for both receding and stationary contact, load steps are not required for obtaining a solution if the loads are applied monotonically, whether or not there is friction. Next, an advancing contact problem of a round rigid punch on an elastic half-space subjected to normal loading, with and without the influence of friction is investigated. The results for frictionless advancing contact, which are obtained without load steps, are compared to analytical results, namely the Hertz problem; excellent agreement is observed. When friction is present, load steps and iterations for determining the contact area within each load step, are required. Hence, the existing code, in which only iterations to determine the contact zone were employed, was modified to include load steps, together with the above mentioned iterations for each load step. The effect of friction on the stress distribution and contact length is studied. It is found that when stick conditions appear in the contact zone, an increase in the friction coefficient results in an increase in the stick zone size within the contact zone. These results agree well with semianalytical results of another investigation, illustrating the accuracy and capabilities of the finite difference technique for advancing contact.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


The invention discloses a method for producing ecological environment-protecting particle nutritive soil by utilizing lake sludge. The method is technically characterized by comprising the following key steps: adding a semi-finished product of ecological environment-protecting particle nutritive soil into a double-horizontal forced mixer, evenly adding the biogas slurry into the semi-finished product of ecological environment-protecting particle nutritive soil, mixing uniformly, conveying the mixture into a hard particle extrusion granulator and extruding the mixture into cylindrical particles, and inputting the cylindrical particles into a cylinder dryer for sterilizing and drying, wherein the sterilized and dried particles are the finished product of ecological environment-protecting particle nutritive soil. The method has the characteristics of simpleness in process, high production efficiency and low cost. The stacked or abandoned lake sludge in the dredge sites of ports, channels, lakes and rivers can be utilized to process the ecological environment-protecting nutritive soil based on various formulas, without using chemical nitrogen fertilizer and chemical pesticide. The ecological environment-protecting nutritive soil has the advantages of complete nutrients, high fertilizer efficiency, no toxicity, harmlessness, no odor and high quality.


In the title compound, the amide functional group –C(=O)NH– adopts a trans conformation with the four atoms nearly coplanar. This conformation promotes the formation of a C(4) hydrogen-bonded chain propagating along the [010] direction.


The subject innovation relates to a one-touch-type cosmetics case and, more particularly, the upper and the Down button is moved in the direction unit, the button portion upper and the lower disposed therein so as to be slidable in the direction of the button portion one times is pressed downward in the case to be moved, when adding the button is fixed, and the pressing portion the button one time again, so as to maintain the moving state below has, is provided on the knock part to move upward the button part, the knock unit lower, the button when pressed one time added, and move downward, when adding the button is pressed one time again, cosmetics moving upward muthim portion, and an upper cap in which the knock portion disposed on the inner peripheral upper, outer periphery the knock portion It is arranged to be coupled to the spring and with the removable top cap to provide elasticity to the knock part, so that the cosmetic is accommodated in Generated relates to a one-touch-type cosmetics container comprising a container bottom.


Abstract The contribution is focused on the analysis of the current state and development of traffic service in international rail passenger transport between Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The current situation in the post-covid period is analysed in more detail from several points of view. The frequency of passengers at individual border crossings in the monitored period is also briefly analysed. Part of the analysis of the work is a proposal for ways to improve the current traffic service at individual border crossings in international rail transport.


ICAM‐1, a transmembrane glycoprotein promoting adhesion in immunologic and inflammatory reactions, was found to be increased on nasal epithelial cells of patients with allergic rhinitis. Loratadinae, an H1‐Mocker, was found to reduce in vitro the expression of ICAM‐1 on nasal epithelial cells. A double‐blind, parallel‐group study was carried out during the pollen season to compare the effect of two H1‐blockers, cetiraizine (10 mg OD) and loratadine (10 mg OD), on the release of soluble ICAM‐1 in nasal secretions. A group of untreated patients was used as a control group. sICAM‐1 was measured by enzyme immunoassay before and after 2 weeks of treatment. Symptoms were significantly decreased in the actively treated groups. sICAM‐1 levels were unchanged in the control group but were significantly reduced in the two treated groups (P<0.015, Wilcoxon's W test). This study shows that two H1‐blockers, loratadine and cetirizinae, have a similar effect on sICAM‐1 released in nasal secretions during the pollen season.


Many Chinese scholars in geosciences believe th at in Early Paleozoic,Yangtse palaeoslab was linked with or not far from Tarim Pa laeoslab,based on similarity between palaeobiocoenosis and sedimentary facies. This paper discusses the divergence and convergence of these two slabs and thei r kinematic features from the″Xinkai tafrogeny″and″Emei tafrogeny″emerged in tectonic evolution history of Paleozoic slabs in China,and sets forth the dyna mic mechanism of Yangtse palaeoslab drifting to east from the theory of″Emei ma ntle plume″.The study suggests that if the judgment of these divergence and d rifting to east is acceptable,that Tetys within border of China should be opene d first is firmly supported,which is also of big significance in theory of geol ogy to studying global Permian basalt erupting in large scale and simultaneously in some places.In addition,they have much more implications for studying the events of broad biogenic extinction during Late Permian and Early Triassic;for finding out metal deposits of vanadium and titanium magnetite in Altun block an d adjacent areas;particularly,for searching for giant oil-gas fields of Low er Paleozoic in Tarim basin.


In this paper we report the growth of Cd1−xMnxTe superlattices (varying x) on GaAs substrates. Transmission electron microscopy of thinned specimens clearly show layers of uniform composition with abrupt interfaces; the lattice mismatch (≂0.6%) between superlattice layers is accomodated by elastic strain rather than misfit dislocation networks. The superlattices consistently show orders of magnitude greater photoluminescence (PL) intensity compared to thin films and bulk samples; in fact, the PL intensity is somewhat larger than that obtained from state of the art (Ga, Al) As double heterostructures under identical conditions of excitation. Removal of the substrate by etching produces a shift in the PL peak as well as a reduction in the spectral width indicating that the presence of the substrate causes inhomogeneous broadening due to nonuniform strains.


The rise of social media is revolutionizing how state and non-state actors communicate with publics in the international community. While governments across the globe are scrambling to adjust, U.S. public diplomacy has emerged as a clear leader in the field according to a new report (Hanson 2012). This special issue explores the various dimensions of the use and impact of social media on U.S. public diplomacy and the public diplomacy of other state and non-state actors directed at the U.S. public. We take a necessarily broad view of both public diplomacy and social media. In a certain respect because media is inherently a tool for humans to communication, all media is social. Given media's tendency to amplify the impact of human communication, today's new social media tools are exhibiting the same combustive social impact as earlier varieties. In Small Media, Big Revolution, Sreberny-Mohammadi & Mohammadi (1994) explain how the circulation of cassette recordings helped lay a foundation for the 1979 revolution in Iran. The authors described "small media" as public, participatory and small, in the sense that it was not owned by government or business. The facsimile machine help spawn the 1980s Solidarity uprising in Poland and cell phones in Ukraine's 2005 Orange Revolution (Helle 2009, p. 6). Most recently, social media has been credited with fueling the Arab spring in 2010-2011 (Howard & Parks 2012). Diplomats have long noted the impact of communication technologies on the conduct of diplomacy. Traditionally, the reaction has been mixed. The introduction of the telegraph, which provided transatlantic news, challenged the studied pace of diplomacy (Nickles 2003). At the time, diplomatic communication was tied to the physical transportation of written correspondence, which could take months if not years. Thomas Jefferson is said to have remarked, "We have not heard from our Ambassador in Spain for two years. If we do not hear from him this year, let us write him a letter," (quoted in Eban 1998, p. 92). Despite its initial resistance, the telegraph was also the origin of the "diplomatic cable," the main stay of diplomatic practice. While new communication technologies impact diplomacy writ large, their impact is significant for public diplomacy, particularly for U.S. public diplomacy. Historically, U.S. public diplomacy has ebbed and flowed with wartime, when the need to rally public


At first in Ukrainian historiography in the article it is made a complex analysis o f the European
integration and the Czech transformation experience possibilities in Ukraine. The author reveals the
process characteristics o f Czech society adaptation to social and economic life 's European standards.
The theme was made possible through the use o f knowledge scientific methods: analysis, synthesis,
systematization, generalization, concrete, historical and dialectical method. It is preferred in the
study such methods as historical research, historical and genetic, historical, comparative, historical
and synthetic, historical and diachronic, empirical analysis and more. The author concludes that the
successful use o f the Czech transformation experience will contribute to the improvement o f bilateral
political and economic relations between Ukraine and the Czech Republic and other EU countries.
The study basis was the archives and works o f Ukrainian and Czech researchers and Ukrainian
periodicals.


The experience of the use of bituminous concrete upstream facing is presented in Algeria in the four big dams: Ghrib (1926-1938), Bouhnifia (1930-1941), Sarno (1947-1954) and Ighil Emda, The problem posed in the aroused dams is especially delicate because of the instability of the mask which could become precarious to the temperature. Therefore it was covered with a thermal protection, which demands a periodic renovation. This solution was very expensive. To avoid these costs, one tried to test the stability of the mask without the thermal protection. One prepared a reduced sample of the mask of bouhnifia dam. Then, one put this sample on an inclined facing of 1/1 (slope of the dam); and maintained it in an oven during more than 48 hours under a temperature of 70 C°. This experience permitted to determine that the sample kept its initial shape. The gotten results confirmed that the mask of the Bouhnifia dam can resist the action of the temperature without the necessity of the thermal protection.


Results are reported for a laboratory measurement of the electron broadening of the Fe I line at 5383 A as a function of electron density over the temperature range from 8000 to 12,000 K. A linear Z-pinch electrical discharge served as the spectroscopic light source in the experiment, and special precautions were taken to allow for optical-depth effects, which have been a major source of error in previous investigations. The results obtained include a Stark-broadening constant of 0.106 + or - 0.004 x 10 to the -16th A-cu cm at a mean temperature of 9500 K, an estimated Stark width/electron-broadened width ratio of 1.09 + or - 0.02, and a normalized electron-broadened width of 0.097 + or - 0.004 x 10 to the 16th A-cu cm. Comparison of the last result with a calculated value and with a previous measurement indicates that the present measurement is approximately 38% larger than the value measured earlier.


Most multi-scale detectors face a challenge of small-size false positives due to the inadequacy of low-level features, which have small receptive field sizes and weak semantic capabilities. This paper demonstrates independent predictions from different feature layers on the same region is beneficial for reducing false positives. We propose a novel light-weight previewer block, which previews the objectness probability for the potential regression region of each prior box, using the stronger features with larger receptive fields and more contextual information for better predictions. This previewer block is generic and can be easily implemented in multi-scale detectors, such as SSD, RFBNet and MS-CNN. Extensive experiments are conducted on PASCAL VOC and KITTI pedestrian benchmark to show the superiority of the proposed method.


Taking the problems in the reconstruction of urban roads of Hohhot in 2011 as the research object,the paper has the deep analysis of some problems and shortages in the construction management of municipal roads from the construction management of municipal roads,and provides some suggestions,so as to provide some suggestions for the construction management of the road project of Hohhot in future.


One of the significant issues in the urban systems is the understanding and mastering the surroundings and how to deal and cope with potential problems. Confined and buried spaces such as underground tunnels that are created to conduct the urban traffic seem to be very important because its slightest mistake means a painful tragedy. Therefore it is very important to consider the construction and behavior of these tunnels against the earthquake loads. Accordingly this paper extracts a simplified method in which the horizontal and vertical seismic loads, the equivalent static analysis methods and the interaction of soil – tunnel are studied. The proposed method in this study although has the ability to model the behavioral characteristics of the tunnel and the soil, but have no certain complexity and can be easily used to analyze the transportation tunnels under earthquake loads. Key-words: urban transport, interaction of soil –tunnel, tunnel response, Racking stiffness, ductility, shear strain


The medical device business has grown so competitive, and its products so complex, that "compliance by inspection" is becoming obsolete. Modern practices in quality assurance could lead to a 10 to 15 percent increase in the earnings of medical device companies and even more in the years ahead. By adopting cross-industry best practices in quality assurance, the industry could improve patient outcomes, capture $5 to $6 billion in incremental EBITA, and reduce risk. Extracting the potential from quality enhancement requires cross-functional collaboration across the business driven by the CEO. Laggards in the race for quality may pay a high price. Indeed, some already have.


The statutory business judgment rule was introduced in Australia in 2000 after a lengthy process of consultation and debate. The rule was aimed at alleviating fears that directors may have that their commercial decisions made in good faith and for the benefit of the company would be subject to second guessing by the courts through litigation alleging a breach of the duty of care and diligence. Since 2000 there have been only a few decisions that have discussed the rule, giving credence to the prediction that it would be a sleepy hollow rather than a safe harbour. Fifteen years on, the rule was recently successfully relied upon for the first time in ASIC v Mariner (2015) but in circumstances where a breach of duty of care was not proven. Significantly, the rule remains a hot topic for public debate with the AICD and Dr Robert Austin proposing amended business judgment rules. This article reflects on the past 15 years of the statutory business judgment rule and assesses the case for law reform advanced by the private sector.


In the U.K., nonsurgical cosmetic procedures are poorly regulated, can be performed by virtually anyone and have been likened to operating in a 'data-free' zone. These deficiencies were highlighted by Sir Bruce Keogh in his Review of the Regulation of Cosmetic Interventions. There is no doubt that an evidencebased approach in this arena is highly welcomed. High-quality laboratory and clinical research are required for the development of safe and efficacious therapies. Such research requires accurate and replicable outcome measures, with defined and validated parameters to evaluate skin and facial ageing. As physicians who are experts in the care of the skin, it is paramount that the dermatology community continues to engage fully in such research in order to promote good practice and drive standards forward. The first photonumeric scale used to assess cutaneous ageing, by Griffiths et al., was groundbreaking at a time when research into skin ageing, primarily photoageing, was in its infancy. Topical tretinoin was shown to be highly effective at repairing photodamaged extracellular matrix. Since then significant advancements have been made in the understanding of not only skin ageing, but also facial ageing as a whole. This phenotype arises as a complex and orchestrated sequence of events, involving: (i) the skin, with extrinsic factors (e.g. ultraviolet radiation) superimposed on chronological cutaneous ageing; (ii) the subcutaneous fat with atrophy and volume loss; (iii) muscular activity, with development of vector imbalances and exaggeration of lines associated with facial expression; and (iv) the facial skeleton with underlying bony atrophy and loss of support to the overlying soft tissues. The paper by Dobos et al. in this issue of the BJD achieves the sizeable task of performing a systematic review of the over 100 clinical scales used to evaluate skin ageing. The sheer number of these brought together in a single paper illustrates the existing variability in terms of anatomical site, as well as underlying aetiology, and underscores the complexity of the issues at hand. The authors' methodical dissection and diligence applied to the current evaluation scales evidences the rigour applied to this high-quality systematic review. It also throws down the gauntlet to the development of new parameters and associated clinical evaluation scales, which must go hand in hand as knowledge and understanding continue to advance in this rapidly progressing field.


Summary. In this work, a theoretical review about the last tools used to assessment the executive functioning (EF) in people with intellectual disability (ID) is presented. Despite the gro- wing importance that the research is giving to the executive function in the cognitive profi- le of people with ID, there are few studies about the executive function in this population and there are few standardized available tests. Therefore, the aim of this work is to make available a set of instruments to assessment the EF in the ID that could be used by psy- chologists and educators.


In a series of publications, of which this is the thirty-third, we have collected and classified chronologically the titles of papers and records with regard to our Turbellarians, which were published during the year 2000 (Part I). As usual we have added the English titles of Japanese papers which have none of any foreign language. As the Part II of this publication, we have added the section entitled "Planarian Resources on the Web". July 1, 2001. Sapporo, Saga and Tôkyô, Japan.


The events of September 11, 2001, focused heightened attention on the security status of the nation's drinking water supplies and the vulnerability of this critical infrastructure sector to attack. This report reviews governmental and water utility efforts to improve drinking water security.


The growing amount of scholarship on travel, transport, and mobility in antiquity frequently overlooks the archaeological evidence from Roman Britain, despite its richness, diversity, and relevancy to the subject. From the preserved wood of discarded vehicle parts and the ruts worn into the gateways of the forts serving Hadrian's Wall, to the textual accounts of travel, trade, and vehicle part inventories recorded by the Vindolanda Writing Tablets, this discussion surveys a selection of Britain's many archaeological resources that have significant potential to enhance and revise our understanding of the capabilities and uses of transport in the Roman world.


Background: Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) is a disabling clinical entity affecting mainly young adults. Although Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) has been widely used as an adjunct therapy for ONFH in China, its effectiveness is not well defined. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of CHM as an adjunct therapy to core decompression (CD) for patients with ONFH. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in 10 electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials involving CHM and CD for ONFH were included. Two authors independently assessed the studies for inclusion and extracted the data. A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the safety and efficacy of CHM as an adjunct therapy. Results: Twenty-three randomized controlled trials with 1815 participants were included. The formulas used in these studies were different and we only combined data of studies observing the same formulas. Patients treated with CHM additionally exhibited a better TER (total effective rate) compared with CD alone in different degree, with the risk ratio (RR) varies from 1.09 to 1.09. The Harris score and radiographic effective rate indicate a similar result, with the medicine (MD) varies from 17.35 to 14.94 and RR 1.40 to 1.27. The risk of side-effect was barely reported except only 2 study record that no complications were observed. Conclusion: This systematic review indicated that CHM as adjunctive therapy may improve the effectiveness of CD. However, a firm conclusion could not be reached because of overall high risk of bias in most domains. Further studies of higher quality are required, and other benefits of CHM remain to be determined.


Abstract Very high resolution power sensors are required for measuring the rate of heat production (~10 μW) of small samples of heart muscle (rat cardiac trabeculae, ~2 mm long and ~200 μm diameter). In this paper, we examine the design criteria for thermopiles to maximize their signal-to-noise ratio for heat balance calorimetry. We found that those thermopiles with a high thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) are the best for power measurements. An initial prototype with a resolution of 53 nW has been built.


In matching games, agents must all agree for a match to be formed, and some agents can make only a finite number of matches. I examine the nonparametric identification and estimation of match production functions in matching games with endogenous prices and transferable utilities. Inequalities derived from single-agent best responses underly a nonparametric maximum score estimator of match production functions. The inequalities do not require data on prices, quotas, or production levels. The estimator does not suffer from a computational or data curse of dimensionality in the number of agents in a matching market as the estimator avoids solving for an equilibrium and estimating first-stage match probabilities. Further, using only a subset of the possible inequalities preserves consistency. The estimator allows markets with one-to-one, one-tomany, many-to-many and coalition formation matching, as well as externalities from agents outside a given match. For games with multiple equilibrium sets of matches, there is no need to estimate an equilibrium selection rule or computationally itemize the equilibria. ∗Thanks to helpful comments from many colleagues as well as workshop participants at Chicago, Minnesota, the New York Fed, North Carolina, Northwestern, Stanford and Virginia. Email: email@example.com.


and Sumitomo S. Antimicrobial peptides in saliva and salivary glands: their roles in the oral defense system. Oral Med Pathol 2006; 11: 1-17, ISSN 1342-0984 The majority of inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity arise from infections caused by several oral microorganisms inhabiting the biofilms formed on the surfaces of teeth, prosthetic devices, and oral mucosa. Human whole saliva is a mixture of secreted saliva from major and minor salivary glands. In addition, it also contains components derived from crevicular fluid. A number of families of peptides, such as cystatins, histatins, statherins, lipocalins (VEG protein), chromogranins, calprotectins and defensins, are found in whole saliva. In recent years, much attention has been focused on these peptides because they show antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. These naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides are anticipated to be potent therapeutic agents for oral infectious diseases because the acquision of microbial resitance to antibiotics is one of the most serious problems for antibiotic therapy. The present paper reviews recent findings of studies on antimicrobial peptides found in saliva and salivary glands, with special reference to their nature and function in maintaining oral health. We further discuss the methodology in basic research on antimicrobial peptides as well as the possibility of their clinical use in oral health care science.


High birth weight (HBW) increases the risk of many negative health consequences. Maternal obesity has frequently been identified as a risk factor for HBW. However, the causal connection is uncertain due to obesity being likely endogenously related to HBW. To account for the endogeneity of obesity, I conduct instrumental variable analysis using the mother's birth month, fast-food restaurant density, and rurality as instruments. Biprobit results largely negate the effect of obesity on HBW risk except for morbidly obese women. A surprising finding from my results is that some fast food establishments appeared to decrease obesity risk. Introduction and Background Literature High birth weight (A.K.A. macrosomia) defined as birth weight greater than 4500g is an issue which has become increasingly apparent over recent years. Recent research suggests giving birth to babies over 4,500g carries significant risks to both the infant and the mother. An increased risk of shoulder dystocia has been identified by a number of studies to be associated with high birth weight ([1];[2];[3]). Other foetal afflictions such as still birth, Erb's palsy, neonatal jaundice, and respiratory distress have been found to be more common in high birth weight babies than normal weight ones [4]. High birth weight is also associated with an increased risk of infant mortality [5, 6]. Delivering a high birth weight baby also leads to maternal complications such as vaginal, perineal and cervical tears [7]. Long term consequences of high birth weight have been found including impaired cognitive performance in childhood [8] and higher prevalence of obesity later in life [9, 10]. Maternal obesity has frequently been identified as risk factors for high birth weight however, to my knowledge no paper has specifically addressed whether this relationship is causal or merely correlated. Obesity is a big problem in the developed world and appears to be growing. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that one in ten adults globally are obese and that obesity rates have more than doubled since 1980[11]. In New Zealand, the ministry of health estimates that 26.5% of adults are obese, rising from 17% in 1997[12, 13]. In the United States one in three adults are obese[14]. The rise in obesity has important implications for childbearing. Obesity reduces the ability to conceive [15, 16], increases the likelihood of a pregnant woman suffering from gestational diabetes[17] and, of particular interest to this paper, increases the likelihood of delivering a high birth weight baby. Due to the problems of obesity for childbearing, in New Zealand women with a body mass index [BMI] value of 32 or over are ineligible for publicly funded fertility treatment. Considerable evidence of a positive relationship between obesity and high birth weight risk is present in the medical literature but there is a dearth of scrutiny over the causal effect. Shepard et. Al. (1996) conclude that maternal BMI has an independent effect on foetal growth[18]. Srofenyoh & Seffah (2006) found that women who gave birth to high birth weight babies had significantly higher BMI values than those who gave birth to normal weight babies[4]. Berard et. Al. (1998) found women who gave birth to babies over 5000g were on average 9.2kg heavier than women who gave birth to babies between 4500 and 4999g[2]. It seems highly plausible that difficult to observe factors such as genetic disposition to high adiposity may correlate with both obesity and high birth weight. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize regression techniques such as instrumental variables which can tease out the causal factor from the relationship. To test the relationship between body mass and high birth weight risk I use New Zealand birth data from the Ministry of Health between 2007 and 2011. This data set contains demographic and health status information about the baby and mother. From this data set I can identify the age, ethnicity, domicile of residence, birth date, parity, smoking status, and Body Mass Index (BMI) of the mother and the birth date and birth weight of the baby as well as the length of gestation. After eliminating non-residents, multiple births, stillbirths and missing BMI information I am left with 186,000 birth


We prove that some properties of the deflnition of complete resid- uated lattice (2,4) can be derived from the other properties. Furthermore we prove that the concept of strictly two-sided commutative quantale (1,3) and the concept of complete residuated lattice are equivalent notions.


IPS Display is one of the promising technologies for the larger Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) of monitors for the desk top computers and TVs with a very good feature of viewing angle dependence. The requirement of IPS displays upon liquid crystal materials is different from TN‐TFT displays.


Hard landing is a typical flight safety incident, and interpretability plays an important role in flight safety research. However, existing studies failed to provide good interpretability of the reasons for hard landing incidents and suffer from low prediction accuracy. To address the above problems, in this paper we propose CurveCluster+, a curve clustering method based on quick access recorder (QAR) data for hard landing risk evaluation. Specifically, we first conduct an in-depth analysis on hard landing flights by comparing key QAR parameter curves with the group behavior, based on which we establish a two-level hierarchical classification of hard landing incidents according to the hard landing patterns. Then we extract curve-level features from key QAR parameters through interpolation and resampling. After that we turn the classic K-means clustering into a semi-supervised algorithm by incorporating some expert experience and apply it on the curve-level features to automatically recognize the hard landing patterns. Finally, we propose a risk evaluation model based on the clustering results to discover high-risk flights from normal ones. We evaluate our method on a QAR dataset of 37,943 Airbus 320 aircraft flights. The results show that compared with other state-of-the-art data-driven methods, CurveCluster+ provides strong interpretability of hard landing incidents and exhibits good performance in recognizing hard landing patterns (the overall accuracy of our method reaches up to 92.99%). Moreover, it only requires a handful of hard landing samples to discover high-risk flights from tremendous normal landing flights, which is critical for flight safety warnings.


A novel super-resolution approach is presented. An image pyramid has been built based on the framework of wavelet transform, and the detailed coefficients are explored for training the neural networks. The initial high resolution image is estimated by the trained networks and the inverse wavelet transform, and then is constrained with prior knowledge of the error function by iteration. For a factor of 2n, repeat this process and update the networks. The experimental results show that our method reconstructs the more reliable image without obvious visual artifacts.


Also shows territory occupied by Native American tribes.
Prime meridians: Greenwich and Washington, D.C.
Includes ill.
Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image.
Mounted on cloth, mounted on paper.
LC copy imperfect: Wanting notes.


【Uterine cells carry out proliferation and differentiation for preparation the embryonic implantation during pregnancy. Therefore regulation of the cell proliferation is an essential step for uterine preparation, but there is not much information about the proliferation related genes in pregnant uterus. To identify these implantation specific genes, a PCR-select cDNA subtraction method was employed and got a few genes. One of the identified genes is a novel gene encoding oral tumor suppressor doc-1. To detect the doc-1 expression on the pregnant uterus, dot blotting, RT-PCR, and in situ hybridization were employed. Dot blotting revealed that doc-1 mRNA expression increase after implantation. During normal pregnancy, doc-1 mRNA expression was detected as early as day 1 of pregnancy with RT-PCR. Its expression was increased about 15 times after embryonic implantation. doc-1 transcript was localized in luminal epithelial cells but it was very faint during preimplantation. After starting the implantation, it localized in the stromal cells; heightened expression of doc-1 correlates with intense stromal cell proliferation surrounding the implanting blastocyst on day 6 morning. However in the decidualized cells, the intensity of localized doc-1 mRNA was weak. From those results, it is revealed that doc-1 express at pregnant uterus of the mouse. In addition it is suggested that doc-1 is the gene regulating the proliferation of the luminal epithelial cells and stromal cells during early implantation and decidualization.】


OF DISSERTATION PREDICTORS OF POST-SECONDARY EMPLOYMENT AND EDUCATION AMONG KENTUCKY TRANSITION-AGED YOUTH WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY The State of Kentucky has a high and increasing number of reported cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI), mostly attributed to motor vehicle crashes, falls, and being struck by or against an object. Young adults are among those most at-risk for experiencing a TBI through motor vehicle crashes. Using existing data from the Kentucky Post-School Outcomes Center (KyPSO), 90 youth with TBI were identified within a period of 6-years of the longitudinal study (2012-2017). The majority were males and White. Descriptive statistics, chi square, and logistic regression were used to examine the post-secondary outcomes for youth with TBI, using four demographic variables: gender, ethnicity, residence, and rural or urban status. None of these were associated with post-secondary outcomes for the sample. The results indicated that more than 50% of the youth with TBI had positive outcomes, yet they rarely used the services provided for them in the schools or at the workplace. This study suggests that, although the demographic characteristics did not predict post-secondary outcomes, other variables within education and employment yielded interesting results that could benefit rehabilitation counselors.


Currently,with the introduction of musical education to the class of higher education,it brings in the thought of blending musical education with construction of campus culture to the author,and brings about a series of reform in music teaching.Meanwhile,it also makes some achievements.Based on the students' self-condition,we make full use of resources of our campus culture to exploit students' potential in music,to cultivate their interest in appreciation of beauty,to strengthen their sense of appreciation of beauty,to raise the ability of appreciation of beauty.In that case,we can create a free and natural environment to lead the students to learning music from the angles of creation,history and comment.As a result,students' pursuit of music will be satisfied and their desire and ability of lifelong study will be developed.


Companies are more and more dependent on information technology (IT) and the buzzword digitization is present everywhere. Information technology needs to be managed, serviced, and supported by IT organizations to ensure business continuity. Traditionally heads of the IT departments have been fully responsible for all aspects of IT usage in the company including IT cost, IT governance, IT & process planning & implementation and IT operation. The change of technology offerings by external partners, results in a need to focus on strategic tasks like strategy and roadmap planning, IT governance, IT budgeting and enterprise architecture management (EAM). This results in the fact that there is a need of more intensive Business-IT alignment to ensure that IT architecture of a company supports the business processes at its best and to ensure the economic value contribution of IT as a hole. The development of a key figure system for EAM supports responsible managers to ensure efficiency of IT.


Network intrusion is recognized as a chronic and recurring problem. Hacking techniques continually change and several countermeasure methods have been suggested in the literature including statistical and machine learning approaches. However, no single solution can be claimed as a rule of thumb for the wide spectrum of attacks. In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed for network intrusion detection based on the multicriteria PROAFTN classification. The algorithm is evaluated and compared on a publicly available and widely used dataset. The results in this paper show that the proposed algorithm is promising in detecting various types of intrusions with high classification accuracy.


This article described about the results of the study author of the teachers guidance counseling in addressing deviate behavior date students. The effort is an establishment of efforts to achieve what he will. The teachers guidance counseling in addressing deviate behavior date is a efforts to handle the situation done by educator against a series of the joint activity tinged intimacy and the interconnected emotion between men and women who has not been married in preventing behavior in the opposite sex outside the rules applicable norm. There are three efforts, these efforts include preventive measures, efforts to curative, and efforts to coach.


A 50‐year‐old female patient, who had had a long‐term history of myelodysplastic syndrome and type II diabetes mellitus, had developed acute myelogenous leukemia and received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). She was being treated with tacrolimus, methotrexate and prednisolone for prophylaxis and treatment of graft‐versus‐host disease, and with intensive insulin therapy for better glycemic control. The patient suddenly developed marked leg edema at 27 days after starting intensive insulin therapy (on day 40 after BMT) without coexistence or exacerbation of apparent causes such as renal failure, cardiac dysfunction or leg thrombosis around the onset of leg edema. Interestingly, the leg edema regressed soon after daytime hyperglycemia and intensive insulin therapy were performed. Histopathological examination revealed slight dermal edema and small bullae with little inflammatory infiltration but no signs of autoimmune blistering diseases or vasculitis. These findings indicate that the present case may be considered a form of so‐called insulin edema occurring during intensive insulin therapy after BMT.


The invention relates to a process for the biosynthetic production of 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate (ADC) performed fermentatively in vivo with a 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase, preferably a PabAB bipartite protein (which may be a fusion protein), at an increased level of activity, thereby obtaining a broth comprising ADC and 4-amino-4-deoxyprephenate (ADP), that are recovered. The invention also relates to a further process of converting the ADP into p-aminophenylalanine. The invention, moreover relates to biosynthetic production of [3 R ,4 R ]-4-amino-3-hydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid (3,4-CHA), by concerted action of such 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase and of an enzyme capable of converting isochorismate into [5 S ,6 S ]-5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid (2,3-CHD), preferably a phenazine biosynthesis protein PhzD, including recovery of 3,4-CHA. The invention also relates to expression vectors and host cells for use in any of such processes. And the invention finally relates to synthesis of oseltamivir phosphate from 3,4-CHA.


Despite the extensive efforts aim to elaborate of new effective and energy-spared protocol for the cyclohexane oxidation the denoted problem remains one among the biggest challenges of contemporary chemistry. It refer to the extended application of oxidized products, i.e. cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone and cyclohexylhydroperoxide as precursors in artificial fibers industry (Nylon 6 and 6,6). Indeed, these products are used to manufacture as much as 2.3×10 T adipic acid and 4.4×10 T of ε-caprolactam per year [1]. On the other hand, what is even more important, study by activation the extraordinary strong C―H bonds of C6H12 (BDE = 98 kcal mol) would result in new fundamental knowledge be useful for elaboration the modern methods of others industrially-meaningful substrates functionalization. The actual study reports that the VO(acac)2 (1) catalyzed cyclohexane oxidation by H2O2 at mild conditions is notably improved by using both glyoxal and it oxidized descendant oxalic acid (3). The putative mechanism the denoted additives influence is elucidated by GLC, UV-Vis, CV, EPR, ESI-MS.


Introduction: The clinical manifestations of SARS CoV-2 are characterized by several symptoms such as fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, fatigue, diarrhea and smell / taste disorders, as well as asymptomatic cases. Autor correspondiente: Dra. Patricia Sobarzo Email: email@example.com Artículo recibido: 29 septiembre 2020 Artículo aceptado: 1 diciembre 2020 ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL 69 Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int. marzo 2021; 8 (1) Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics of the first 60 patients with SARS CoV-2 admitted to the National Hospital (Itauguá, Paraguay) in the period June-August, 2020. Methodology: Prospective, non-probabilistic, descriptive observational study of consecutive cases. Male and female patients, over 18 years of age, carriers of SARS CoV-2, admitted to the National Hospital in the period June-August, 2020 were included. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were measured. Ethical aspects were respected. Results: Sixty patients with a mean age of 44 ± 16 years were included and 52% of them were male, mostly from the Central Department. Among the symptoms, dyspnea (27%) predominated. The most frequent comorbidity was obesity (40%). Mortality in hospitalized patients was 5%. Conclusion: In this sample young adults and males (52%) predominated. The most frequent symptom was dyspnea (27%), the prevailing comorbidity was obesity (40%) and mortality was 5%.


The need in various kinds of rehabilitation of invalids due to disseminated sclerosis was studied with help of analysis of individual rehabilitation programs given to invalids by medico-social expertise institutions of Amur Region. It was detected that many kinds of rehabilitation in patients suffering from disseminated sclerosis have been underestimated.


This paper presents a review on issues and coordination strategies for overcurrent protection in microgrid. Microgrid has become more attractive because of its ability to deliver highly efficient, reliable and economic power to the customers. Also, Microgrid has a flexibility to operate in both grid connected and islanded modes of operation. The direction and magnitude of fault current are altered based on these modes of operation. The inverter based source fault currents are limited to a range of 2 p.u. The Islanded Microgrids with inverter based sources are inadequate to use the conventional protective schemes. A lot of research has been going on protection of microgrid for its safe and reliable operation. The issues and coordination strategies for the overcurrent protection of microgrid are outlined in this paper.


Edmund Husserl has certainly been one of the first important sources of Sartrean philosophy. Despite having been very critical of many aspects of Husserl's thought once adopted his positions, the French philosopher has a great debt with the father of phenomenology. In this paper, which is a development of a section of our doctoral thesis, we will firstly try to explore Husserl's key concepts, so that the fundamental aspects of his philosophy can be clarified and understood in their own meaning. Secondly, we will explain why Sartre adopted some of them, refusing others instead. Once done that, in a third moment we will be able to comprehend that Sartre was not only trying to criticize, but he strongly wanted to re-elaborate Husserlian phenomenology, in order to explore consciousness in an original way. In the end, we will discover why intentionality is the key element of this Sartrean turn, thanks to which the concepts of Ego and consciousness became the roots of his later thought.


By using the methods of literature review,logic analysis,and hermeneutics,this paper sets to research on the rights of professional sport club investors,with the purpose of providing a theoretical basis for rational coordination of the relationship between professional sport clubs and their investors.The research proposes that the operational goals of professional sports clubs involve both economic success and competition success.Therefore,it is necessary to protect the rational interest demands of professional sport club investors by guarding against the practice of lopsided pursuit of competition results and"competition first"in spite of the market law,and to set necessary constraints on the investors rights to prevent pure pursuit of economic interests despite of sport significance.


Abstract Stratigraphic complexity, sedimentologic features, and regional facies changes within the Permian System in the Paradox Basin record a succession of complex but similar depositional systems. Each system ranges from alluvial fans proximal to source areas to the northeast in the ancestral Uncompahgre Highlands, westward through eolian ergs, sabkhas, and fluvial-floodplain units in medial settings, to estuarine and tidal or sabkha to fully marine systems in distal settings. This paper provides: (1) an overview of rocks of the Permian System, including discussions on the regional depositional setting, and tectonic and paleoclimatic controls on sedimentary cyclicity; and (2) photographic examples of typical exposures of the strata with and around the basin.


Wireless location technology of vehicle has been a hot issue in intelligent transportation system. In this thesis, we proposes and implements a new type of solution of wireless location system for the vehicle on the highway on the basis of the ZigBee technology research.Based on the analysis of the actual demand of wireless location system for the vehicle on the highway, presents function and technique index of this system.Provides the overall design structure combined with the characteristics of ZigBee network technology,describes the topological structure, and demonstrates the system working characteristics.This system scheme provides some exploration and thinking for construction of the current intelligent transportation system.


Abstract — We introduce a device for the parametric sonification of electroencephalographic (EEG) data. Implemented in the Thought-Translation-Device TTD (a brain-computer interface designed for the communication with completely paralyzed patients), the device allows auditory feedback of multiple EEG characteristics in real time. In particular, each of 6 frequency bands is assigned an instrument of a MIDI device. The time-dependent parameters extracted from each frequency band modulate the timing, pitch and volume of the instrument. In a pilot study we tested the ability of subjects to perform a simple discrimination task using this parametric sonification in real time. Index Terms — Brain-computer interface (BCI); feedback; electroencephalogram (EEG); parametric sonification. I. I NTRODUCTION O be able to interact with brain signals using a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), it is required to achieve control over some parameter of cerebral activity. It was shown that self-regulation of electroencephalogram (EEG) can be used as a channel for information transfer out of the brain [1]. In particular, slow cortical potentials (SCP) can be self-regulated in an SCP feedback paradigm using the Thought-Translation-Device (TTD) [1]; [2]; [3]. The TTD was the first BCI that enabled completely paralyzed patients to generate written messages with their brain activity. Sterman [4] reported the ability of humans to voluntarily control the sensory motor rhythm (µ-rhythm) which desynchronizes when imagining a hand movement. Wolpaw et al. [5] and Pfurtscheller et al. [6] developed BCIs with µ-rhythm control for verbal communication and robot control. All studies mentioned use visual feedback training. Recently Hinterberger et al. [7] presented a comparative study of visual and simple auditory feedback for learning of SCP self-regulation. It was found that


To assess the role that ORF73 or ORF214 gene of fowlpox virus(FPV) played in the regulation of immune response against FPV in commercial chickens with maternal antibodies,two recombinant fowlpox viruses(rFPV) that ORF073 or ORF214 genes inserted and coexpressed the influenza haemagglutinin(rFPVLP-△73LRH5A,rFPVLP-△214LRH5A) and the parental recombinant virus expressing the influenza haemagglutinin(rFPVLP-12LSH5A) were constructed.These viruses were assessed for their immunological efficacy on SPF chickens and commercial chickens.The results showed that the high titer of HI antibodies was induced by three rFPV,and the protective efficacies were universal 100% in SPF chickens.However,the low HI titer was induced by rFPVLP-△73LRH5A or rFPVLP-△214LRH5A in commercial chickens with HI maternal antibodies up to 2.45,the protective efficacies were 16.7% and 23.3%,respectively.At the same time,rFPV with deleted ORF073 or ORF214 genes in vivo were easier to eliminate than rFPVLP-12LSH5A.On the other hand,in the inoculated commercial chickens without HI maternal antibodies with rFPVLP-△73LRH5A or rFPVLP-△214LRH5A,the HI antibody titers increased and approached to 3.50 and 3.17,respectively after 28 days.Consequently,maternal antibodies depressed immune efficacy by rFPV with deleted ORF073 or ORF214 genes(rFPVLP-△73LRH5A,rFPVLP-△214LRH5A) induced.


A toolbox of chemistries has been developed that allows surfaces to be effi ciently modifi ed a molecular fi lm. These fi lms have a wide range of sensor applications and some examples of this work are given here: Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Sensing: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are potentially lethal nerve agents and are found in pesticides,chemical weapons as well as pharmaceuticals. DNA Sensing: We have used SPR to detect unlabeled DNA oligonucleotides. A thiol modifi cation on the probe DNA strand allowed for its attachment to the surface via self-assembly. Potentially the device could be used to detect micro RNAs, oligonucleotides that are now known to play a role in gene expression within cells. They are important in the diagnosis of disease and have potential roles as therapeutic agents. The technology we are developing will potentially, be a powerful diagnostic tool both in research and in the clinic. Blood analytes sensing: We are developing a microfl uidic device that will measure, urea, potassium ions and ammonium ions in biological fl uids. Based on our current work it is thought that the device will be capable of sampling biological fl uids other than whole blood and will provide a platform for other surface based chemical sensors. The long-term goal of this program is to move the analysis of biological samples to point-of-care devices.


A full-discrete finite element method is constructed for the one-dimensional nonlinear wave equation. The existence and uniqueness of the solutions are derived.An error estimate is derived.


Algorithm research of task scheduling is one of the key techniques in grid computing.This paper firstly describes a DAG task scheduling model used in grid computing environment,secondly discusses generational scheduling(GS) and communication-inclusion generational scheduling(CIGS) algorithms.Finally,an improved CIGS algorithm is proposed to use in grid computing environment,and it has been proved effectively.


Consider a metric measure space with non-negative Ricci curvature in the sense of Lott, Sturm and Villani. We prove a sharp upper bound on the diameter of any subset whose boundary has a positive lower bound on its generalized mean curvature. This provides a nonsmooth analog to a result of Kasue (1983) and Li (2014). We also prove a stability statement concerning such bounds.


The results of three Swedish lysimeter studies performed in the years from 1989 to 1991 were used to test the capability of the Pesticide Leaching Model (PELMO). This model is used in Germany within the registration procedure for pesticides. While the water movement in the soil was simulated satisfactorily, the simulated behavior of the pesticides bentazon and dichlorprop agreed with the lysimeter measurements only if preferential flow was not the dominant process. Prediction of rapid movement through macropores in the soil is not possible using PELMO.


In this paper, we study the performance of space-time block coding, also known as space-time transmit diversity (STTD) scheme for high data rate applications with 4 transmit antennas. The scheme consists of two STTD units at the transmitter and an interference-resistant detector at the receiver, termed the double-STTD (DSTTD) scheme. We compare the performance of DSTTD to general multi-input multi-output (GMIMO) signaling for a given data rate and under different channel correlation profiles. It is demonstrated that DSTTD outperforms GMIMO in all cases. In addition, additional performance gain can be attained for DSTTD in correlated channels by selectively ordering the transmit antennas to minimize the average interference terms.


The dehydration of propan-2-ol on moderately protonated X zeolites leads to the formation of both propene and di-isopropyl ether at temperatures in the range 383–430 K. Unexchanged zeolite was considerably less active, and only yielded propene at temperatures in the range 444–450 K. With protonated X zeolites the rates of formation of both products were investigated as a function of temperature, pressure of propan-2-ol and the extent of protonation, which lay between 8.6 and 28.4%. Decomposition at 411 K was completely poisoned by pyridine vapour. The Bronsted acidity of the accessible hydroxyl groups within the zeolites is considered to be the source of activity, and a mechanism involving carbonium and oxonium ions is proposed.


How do you manage what might be called the longest museum in the world? To find out in the most down‐to‐earth way possible, Arthur Gillette recently hitched a rucksack onto his shoulders and hiked some 70 km along the many extant vestiges (and a string of attendant museums) of the Roman wall that originally stretched 120 km across England from east to west, from the North Sea to the Solway Firth. The author, an intrepid outdoorsman, is former editor‐in‐chief of Museum International and, since his retirement in 1998, a freelance writer on cultural heritage issues and guide to strolls through the history of Paris.


Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with a number of human diseases; therefore, its protease is a potential target for chemotherapy. To compare the specificity of HTLV-1 protease with that of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease, oligopeptides representing naturally occurring cleavage sites in various retroviruses were tested. The number of hydrolyzed peptides as well as the specificity constants suggested a substantially broader specificity of the HIV protease. Amino acid residues of HTLV-1 protease substrate-binding sites were replaced by equivalent ones of HIV-1 protease. Most of the single and multiple mutants had altered specificity and a dramatically reduced folding and catalytic capability, suggesting that mutations are not well tolerated in HTLV-1 protease. The catalytically most efficient mutant was that with the flap residues of HIV-1 protease. The inhibition profile of the mutants was also determined for five inhibitors used in clinical practice and inhibitor analogs of HTLV-1 cleavage sites. Except for indinavir, the HIV-1 protease inhibitors did not inhibit wild type and most of the mutant HTLV-1 proteases. The wild type HTLV-1 protease was inhibited by the reduced peptide bond-containing substrate analogs, whereas the mutants showed various degrees of weakened binding capability. Most interesting, the enzyme with HIV-1-like residues in the flap region was the most sensitive to the HIV-1 protease inhibitors and least sensitive to the HTLV-1 protease inhibitors, indicating that the flap plays an important role in defining the specificity differences of retroviral proteases.


The coal sites of our country Pakistan especially Baluchistan and their micro flora have not been defined properly. However, it is thought to harbour a number of microbes including harmful, non-harmful gram positive, gram negative, acidophilic, alkaliphilic, halophiles, and thermophiles within itself. The proposed study aims to seek a cultural and diversified cataloguing of the entire micro flora present in the coal sites of Mach, Baluchistan. The study spreads to a timeline of 3 months and samples will be collected from Mach coal mine. Moreover, workers, who are suffering from lung diseases in particular were, will also be subjected to analysis to assess probable correlation with microbes. Total of 150 samples were collected in which 50 of coal dust samples were collected with sterilized swabs. 50 samples of airborne debris from mines sewerage water where collected in pre-sterilized Duran bottles. Moreover 50 sputum mine worker samples were collected in sterilized stomacher bag for isolation and correlation studies. Out of 150 samples we isolate different genera of kingdom monera which are related to coal mines and environment. Isolated microbes includes harmful, non-harmful gram positive, gram negative,acidophile, alkaliphilic, halophiles sulphur oxidising and thermophiles bacteria's which perform different activities according to the atmosphere and offered nutrient's .obligate acidophilic, heterotropic ,aerobic motile ,gram negative bacteria are generally found. Acidiothiobacillus species is major among them. Beside it, Pseudomonas, flavobacteriu species, shigella specie, vibrio parahaemolyticuc, Staphylococcal aureus and Escherichia coli colonies are also obtained. Microscopy performs for colony morphology. During microscopy we found different shapes of bacteria's like rod, cocci, spring shape etc. Further more we perfume APi 20 kit test for some bacterial species and compile the results. The study concluded that coal mines are riche in microbial flora which is effective for coal miners and also for the GDP growth of the country. Somehow there are also harmful bacteria's but they do not produce great impact on miner.


We consider two high symmetry stackings AA and AB and examine the changes induced in the electronic structure by considering small angles of rotation of 3.48$^{\circ}$ from both these stackings. In both cases we largely recover the low energy electronic structure of the untwisted limit. We additionally find flat bands emerging above the dispersing bands. Surprisingly, while the rotation from the AA end leads to one flat band above the highest occupied band at $\Gamma$, one finds two flat bands emerging for small rotations from the AB end. Examining the real space localization of the flat bands allows us to discuss the origin of the flat bands in terms of quantum well states and qualitatively understand the dependence of the number of flat bands found on the twist angle.


We observed the changes of blood gases beforeand after oxygen inhalation in 23 patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD)who hadlived in Xining area for a long period of time.ThePaO_2,the oxygen saturation of the arterial blood(SaO_2)and the oxygen content of the arterial oxygen(CaO_2)were 6.62±1.19±kPa,0.79±0.10 and 0.17±0.03Vol respectively in patients in severe anoxic statebefore oxygen inhalation,and were increased by 8.71±3.10kPa,0.91±0.05 and 0.19±0.02Vol respectivelyafter oxygen inhalation(P0.01).We consider that along lasting oxygen inhalation should be instituted ear-ly in the patients with COPD in the high altitude areato alleviate pulmonary hypertension and prolong thesurviving time of the patients.


Projects are designed to accomplish a specific goal within a predetermined amount of time, but not every project meets its goals within the allotted time frame. In order for a construction project to be executed successfully, a competent team has to work closely together and implement project goals, and a project manager usually leads the team. For any project to succeed, every stakeholder, including the sponsor and implementation team, is responsible for its completion. However, the project manager has a vital role to play. This study, therefore, seeks to investigate the core competencies necessary for successfully completing a construction project. The study, conducted in Gauteng Province, South Africa, surveyed construction professionals. Survey results were used to develop a relative importance index. Findings from the survey revealed that innovative thinking, problem-solving skills, dependability, emotional maturity and control, confidence are vital traits required from project stakeholders to successfully complete projects. The study classified the identified competencies into two categories relating to personality traits and managerial traits. It was, therefore, concluded specific competencies must be inherent in project team members and management for a project to reach successful completion.


Redox flow batteries (RFBs) connected to the power grid can absorb load variations which appear in several time scales. An RFB consists of a cell stack as the chemical reaction element and tanks as the storage element. Electrolytes are pumped and circulated between them. The cell stack can supply power as long as reactants are supplied to the stack. The slow velocity of the reactant flow to the cells restricts the output current, and the RFB can not supply the requested power under the current restriction. The reactant flow should be considered for confirming whether the RFB can supply the requested power at load variations. This paper proposes the method to predict the current restriction by the reactant flow through simulations. The method is based on a chemical reaction model. The model enables us to simulate the time evolution of the reactant concentration, which governs the electrical behavior and the reactant flow of the RFB. The current available from the reactant flow is introduced to estimate the current restriction by the slow velocity of the reactant flow. The proposed method predicts well the current restriction of the prototype RFB, which is integrated into a 300‐A class discharging circuit.


Whereas encouraging, interpretations of available data regarding retinoids' effectiveness in breast cancer chemoprevention, e.g. [5,7] fail to address pivotal molecular aspects concerning their employment in clinical trials. The rationale for using retinoids in chemoprevention is primarily based on their ability to coordinately regulate differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. The discovery of their receptors and cognate upand downstream signaling cascades has emerged a great progress in the understanding of their molecular actions. Moreover, it has been recently suggested that the cross-talk between retinoid receptors and other signal transduction pathways might represent a "switch on/off" function model that is deregulated from the very early steps of carcinogenesis [3]. Retinoids, through retinoid acid receptors (RARs), mainly modulate proliferation/differentiation axes. In addition to their positive effects, particularly those correlated with differentiation, RARs also function as negative-acting transcription factors. One of the wellknown transcriptional repressive effects of RARs is their inhibition of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity. With regard to breast carcinogenesis, there is evidence that retinoids suppress estradiol-mediated proliferation and transcriptional activity and can antagonize the proliferative effects of AP-1. Crucial genetic/epigenetic events early in carcinogenesis, such as over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family proteins and gradual down-regulation of RARβ ex-


Banana chips were dehydrated using microwave energy at different power levels (20W, 40W, 60W and 80W). Dried samples were evaluated for drying parameters and quality attributes, viz. rehydration ratio, color, and microbial load. It was found that the increase in power level, decreases the drying time to react emc level. Minimum drying time of 19 min at 80W, whereas maximum drying time 45min was at 40W. Maximum Rehydration ratio was observed at 40W, lower Rehydration ratio was observed for both control and pretreated sample at 20W and 80W. The packaged (LDPE) banana chips was microbiologically safe upto 90 days in FSSAI norm. Page, Henderson and pabis, lewis, Wang sing, Peleg model more validated. Lowest RMSE value was observed in Peleg model followed by Lewis model. Pretreated sample shared lower L value (34.19, 30.07, 37.82, 45.82) than control sample (39.06, 28.88, 48.51, 47.17) whereas fresh banana (70.86) at 20W, 40W, 60W, 80W. Pretreated sample shared A value (7.39, 5.65, 5.91, 9.34) than control sample 7.28, 2.52, 10.33, 8.87) whereas fresh banana (4.56) at 20W, 40W, 60W, 80W. Pretreated sample shared lower B value (24.1, 21.66, 26.55, 30.14) than control sample (28.85, 15.08, 37.94, 36.99) whereas fresh banana (32.24) at 20W, 40W, 60W, 80W respectively.


Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) or flowable fill mixtures are typically specified and used in lieu of compacted fill especially for backfill, utility bedding, void fill and bridge approaches. This study developed flowable fill mixtures containing only quarry fines, fly ash, synthetic gypsum and water, for different applications without any cement or good quality aggregates, to reduce costs significantly. The study used by-products of two industries, quarry fines and fly ash, to produce cheap cementitious CLSM mixtures that are flowable in their fresh state. Successful use of quarry fines in CLSM mixtures can reduce costs related to storage and disposal of fines, save dwindling landfill space, and generate additional revenue for quarries. This study also evaluated the use of synthetic gypsum obtained from industrial waste products. The use of soil as a compacted fill is generally responsible for various issues related to differential settlement. Some of the most important causes of differential settlement are compression of poorly compacted embankment soils, poor material characteristics, nonhomogeneity of embankment soils, and erosion of underlying soils. Considering limited iv funds available to federal and state highway agencies, the developed group of mixtures should be economically feasible and it should provide a good, constant density, homogeneous support layer with low settlement.


A Proportional-Integral (PI) based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control algorithm is proposed in this study where it is applied to a Buck-Boost converter. It is aimed to combine regular PI control and MPPT technique to enhance the generated power from photovoltaic PV) panels. The perturb and observe (P&O) technique is used as the MPPT control algorithm. The study proposes to reduce converter output oscillation owing to implemented MPPT control technique with additional PI observer. Furthermore aims to optimize output power using PI voltage mode closed-loop structure.


In this paper a digital hardware implementation of the Self-Organising Maps (SOMs) for the application of handwritten digit recognition is presented. Two methods were implemented: Euclidean and Manhattan method. The highest recognition rate for both methods was calculated through three testing techniques. The highest recognition rates obtained are 71.267% and 63.667% for the Euclidean and the Manhattan methods respectively. Both methods were implemented on the Xilinx Spartan-3 200K gates (XC3S200) to compare their speed performance and area consumed.


The semi‐relativistic quark potential model is surprisingly powerful for heavy‐light systems if the bound state equation is treated correctly using 1/mQ expansion with heavy quark mass mQ. We elucidate the reasons why our semi‐relativistic model succeeds in predicting and reproducing all the mass spectra of heavy‐light systems so far reported, D/Ds/B/Bs, by reviewing and comparing recent experimental data with the results of our model and others. Especially the mass spectra of the so‐called DsJ, i.e., Ds0* and Ds1′, are successfully reproduced only by our model but not by other models.


The objective of the work is the mapping of the main features of data acquisition and neural signal processing concepts, which can be found in nature like the biosonar of bats and dolphins, to technical applications like medical ultrasound or material testing. A first attempt in this direction was the exploitation of higher harmonics of an emitted ultrasound wave for the measurement of very weak signals by an acousto‐optical Mach‐Zehnder‐ and Sagnac‐Interferometer. A second ongoing work is the analysis of a frequency‐modulated signal by neural network signal processing methods for the purpose of medical ultrasound application. The first promising results give rise to the hope of further technical applications. a)Former address. Currently with BRAIN.