Climate change is a global environmental problem and its impact on vegetation which have been well researched and indisputable confirmed. The majority of research tends to focus on those ecosystems which have a direct link with the production of biomass, i.e. on forest ecosystems and agricultural systems. Attention is also given to conurbations where special mitigation and adaptation strategies have been developed. We can predict expect that changes in the species composition related to tree species range shifts will also impact on historical gardens and parks. Even a simple change in species composition may result in a significant disruption in garden composition and its overall artistic intent. The paper presents a reflection on the anticipated change in species composition caused by climate change and its impact on the visual appearance of gardens. As model areas 6 historic gardens and parks in Bratislava were selected. Current tree species were evaluated from the point of garden layout and the role of an individual species within the composition. Based on published scenarios some procedures and measures have been proposed to preserve the historic character and authenticity of historical gardens. Key-Words: climate change, historical gardens, species composition


The utility model relates to a medium- and low-concentration ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment tank, which is formed mainly through connecting a water distributor, a settling tank, an anaerobic reactor, an aerobic reactor, an aeration biological filter and a clean water tank in sequence. The utility model has the advantages of simple operation and good treatment effect on ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, and can satisfy strict requirements for indexes of ammonia and nitrogen in discharged sewage, so that sludge and wastewater can be fully utilized after treatment, thereby saving the energy. Therefore, the utility model can be widely applied in sewage treatment.


The present invention generally relates to cyanoacrylate adhesives, particularly one-part adhesives, comprising one or more 2-cyanoacrylate esters, one or more bis-silanes and optionally one or more monosilanes, and improved water resistance It relates to the use of said adhesive as an instant adhesive having properties.


This work proposes the Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA) to solve the problem of Fault Indicator (FI) placement in electric distribution systems to improve customer service quality. The AGA is developed to obtain the best configuration for the placement of FIs in the system reducing the annual cost of energy not supplied (CENS) and the annual FI placement investment cost (CINV). The AGA uses dynamically calibrated crossover and mutation rates based on the diversity of each population in the generation. The algorithm is tested using three electric distribution systems and the results shown that AGA is efficient, robust and adequate to placement of FI for improving the service quality in electric distribution systems.


The paper,by applying the Morlet wavelet function,made on the wavelet analysis to the Manasi river runoff sequence.Using wavelet transform time-frequency localized functions,the frequency characteristics of hydrological time series in the time domain revealed itself,and gave the clear strength of the periods and distribution.The Manasi river runoff changes the most of the time,so the complex structure was promulgated.And the periods of runoff and points of abrupt change at different time scales were analyzed.The wavelet variance verification indicates that the main periods of the runoff variation along the Manasi River are 27 years,16 years and 22 years respectively in order of importance,it's a dominant factor of the runoff characteristic changes in the time domain.


Abstract A new second-order accurate scheme for the computation of unsteady viscous incompressible flows is proposed. The scheme is based on the vorticity-stream function formulation along the characteristics and consists of combining the modified method of characteristics with an explicit scheme with an extended real stability interval. A comparison of the new method with the semi-Lagrangian Cranck-Nicolson and classical semi-Lagrangian Runge-Kutta schemes is presented. Numerical results are carried out on Navier-Stokes equations and this efficient second-order scheme has also made it possible to compute the driven cavity ow at a high Reynolds number on a refined grid at a reasonable cost. The procedure can be generalized to more than two dimensions.


This paper deals with the application of neural networks for nonlinear dynamic system modelling. It suggests some network architectures, where special static networks-networks with single trainable layer: radial basis function, cerebellar model articulation controller-and linear filters are combined in different ways. The suggested architectures can be applied successfully when some a priori information is available from the system to be modelled (gray-box modelling). Two possibilities are presented: in the first case the weights of the trainable layer are replaced by FIR filters, in the second case filtered inputs are applied to the network. Both versions can be applied in feedforward or feedback structures. The paper deals with the modelling capabilities of these architectures and derives the training equations. The capabilities and the limitations of the suggested networks are illustrated by simulation results.


Why is A Few Sometimes A Lot? Amanda Pogue (email@example.com) University of Waterloo, Department of Psychology, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada Adel Jalabi (email@example.com) University of Waterloo, Department of Psychology, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada Mathieu Le Corre (email@example.com) University of Waterloo, Department of Psychology, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada Abstract It is not surprising to find that the quantity picked out by terms like a few and a lot is context dependent. We can easily accept that a few books might be 10 books, yet a lot of smartphones might only be 4 smartphones. The current paper posits that there are two hypotheses that can explain can explain this context dependency: the Definite Number Hypothesis (DNH), and the Gradable Quantifier Hypothesis (GQH). The DNH suggests that the term a few corresponds to a definite range of values, and may pick out a larger quantity only if the range seems implausible for the given context. The GQH suggests that context-dependency is actually built into the meaning of a few. Experiment 1 supports the intuition that there is variability in the quantity that a few picks out based on context. The findings of Experiments 2 and 3 support the Gradable Quantifier Hypothesis. Keywords: quantity-judgment; psycholinguistics; context quantifiers; semantics; Introduction When we consider terms such as a few and a lot, we intuitively know that relative to each other a few will always be smaller than a lot; however, what does this tell us about how we should evaluate the quantity that they represent across different sets in the world? One potential strategy is to assume that a few is always a small quantity and that a lot is always a large quantity. However, this strategy may lead us astray. For example, in Experiment 1 we find that 19 English-speaking adults suggest that a few friends on Facebook® is about 76 friends, whereas a lot of houses owned by a single individual is approximately 4.3 houses. Given this finding, it seems highly unlikely that the aforementioned strategy is the best for describing how we evaluate these terms in the wild. How then might we be dealing with these terms? There is no doubt that we must be using some sort of contextual information to guide our interpretations. But how do we do this? We constructed and consider two hypotheses. On the Definite Number Hypothesis, the meaning of a few corresponds to a definite range of values – namely, small subitizable quantities (2 to 4 or 5). It was predicted that this range might be determined by comparison to other similar quantity terms using pragmatics (see: Grice, 1989; Barner, Brooks, & Bale, 2011). Given that adults could easily select other terms such as a couple or a pair to represent 2 items, and terms such as several or a handful to represent slightly larger quantities, it was predicted that people could interpret the term a few with relation to these quantity terms, and therefore give a few a definite range of 3 to approximately 5. However, when speakers use a few Xs in contexts where 3 to 5 Xs is an extremely atypical quantity of Xs (say, Facebook friends), hearers interpret what the speakers have said by making a post-hoc adjustment from the definite meaning of a few (i.e., 3 to 5) to the smallest plausible quantity, say about 70 for Facebook friends. On the Gradable Quantifier Hypothesis, the meaning of a few is inherently context-sensitive, much like the meaning of gradable adjectives like small, or tall. In other words, the range of quantities corresponding to a few cannot be fully specified in the abstract; it can only be specified given some particular context. For example, there is no sense in asking what degree of height corresponds to small in general. Rather, one must know what type of individual is being measured, and what is the typical height for that type of individual (see: Kennedy, 2007; Syrett, Kennedy, & Lidz, 2010). The same may be true for the range of quantities that correspond to a few (i.e., one may have to know what type of individual is being quantified, and what is the typical quantity in which such individuals are found). Both hypotheses are consistent with the fact that the numerical value associated with a few varies with context. Therefore, that fact alone cannot adjudicate between them. However, they attribute this variability to different factors. According to the Definite Number Hypothesis, the variability of a few is a function of whether the quantities in the range of its meaning (i.e., 3 to 5) are plausible; if they are not, then one adjusts to the smallest plausible value for the context at hand. In contrast, according to the Gradable Quantifier Hypothesis, the likelihood of finding 3 to 5 individuals of a given type matters not at all. Rather, all that matters is the typical quantity in which these individuals cluster. In the current paper, we test these hypotheses in two ways. First, in Experiment 1 we confirm the intuition that there is variability in the quantities associated with a few. In Experiment 2, we ask whether one observes variability in the quantities associated with a few, even in contexts where


Automated matching for road networks plays an important role in map registration,map updating and change detection,and this paper carries out research on the problem of matching different levels of road network automatically.Because the great majority of the existing methods for matching road network are based on finding optimal solution locally,which will cause mismatch often occurred when homonymous road features differ greatly in their locations and there is 1∶1 or 1∶N corresponding relationship between them,so in order to solve such a problem,this paper constructs global optimization model of matching road network through analyzing locations,shape and topological structure of road junctions and road arcs,and this model not only considers local similarity between road nodes but also takes matching situations of their adjacent nodes into account.The optimal solution is found by using probability relaxation method,and matching relationship between road nodes and between road arcs can be obtained finally.In probability relaxation method,topological structure similarity between nodes is chosen as the initial probability,and shape similarity between road arcs is chosen as compatibility function.Many experiments indicate that our method can ensure that matching results agree with each other globally,and has a higher accuracy as a result,furthermore,as a strong constraint condition,global optimization can ensure that our method still gets a satisfactory result even when homonymous features differ greatly in their locations and there is 1∶N matching relationship between roads,and avoids the difficult problem of setting proper weights to some degree.


In order to solve the problem of content based image retrieval(CBIR),two novel methods of image retrieval based on semantic are proposed.Firstly,we use the method of image retrieval which is based on the SVM semantic classification.In this method,we will use Support Vector Machines(SVM) Statistical Learning Theory tools to train the visual image features in order to construct Multi-class Classifier.Thus the test images can be automatically classified by using this classifier,and we will get the probability of the images belong to the every class easily.Then we use this probability to compute the similarity between images.The second method is the image retrieval based on automatic image annotation.Based on the SVM semantic classification method,the image database which is noted will be used as the training image set.Then we use SVM classifier to classify the test images and find the N-nearest similar images in the image library.Then we estimate the probability of the Key words from those images and the automatic image annotation will be accomplished.And this image annotation will be used to image retrieval.Experiments conducted on standard dataset and realistic dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach for image retrieval.


We present narrowband photometry of 91 dwarf elliptical galaxies in the Coma and Fornax Clusters taken with the Strömgren (uvby) filter system. Dividing the sample by dwarf morphology into nucleated (dEN) and nonnucleated (dE) dwarfs reveals two distinct populations of early-type systems based on integrated colors. The class of dEN galaxies are redder in their continuum colors as compared to bright cluster ellipticals and dE type dwarfs, and their position in multicolor diagrams can only be explained by an older mean age for their underlying stellar populations. By comparison with the narrowband photometry of the M87 globular cluster system, we find that dEN's are a higher metallicity continuation of the old, metal-poor color sequence of galactic globular clusters and the blue population of M87 globular clusters. Bright ellipticals and dE dwarfs, on the other hand, follow the color sequence of the metal-rich, red population of M87 globular clusters. A comparison to SED models, convolved to a simple metallicity model, finds that dEN's and blue globular clusters are 3 to 4 Gyr older than cluster ellipticals and 5 Gyr older than dE type galaxies. The implication is that globular clusters and dEN galaxies are primordial and have metallicities set by external constraints such as the enrichment of their formation clouds. Bright ellipticals and dE galaxies have metallicities and ages that suggest an extended phase of initial star formation that produces a younger mean age, even if their formation epoch is similar to that of dEN's and blue globular clusters, and an internally driven chemical evolutionary history.


The gravitational microlensing light curves that reveal the presence of extrasolar planets generally yield the planet-star mass ratio and separation in units of the Einstein ring radius. The microlensing method does not require the detection of light from the planetary host star. This allows the detection of planets orbiting very faint stars, but it also makes it difficult to convert the planet-star mass ratio to a value for the planet mass. We show that in many cases, the lens stars are readily detectable with high-resolution space-based follow-up observations in a single passband. When the lens star is detected, the lens-source relative proper motion can also be measured, and this allows the masses of the planet and its host star to be determined and the star-planet separation to be converted to physical units. Observations in multiple passbands provide redundant information, which can be used to confirm this interpretation. For the recently detected super-Earth planet, OGLE-2005-BLG-169Lb, we show that the lens star will definitely be detectable with observations by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) unless it is a stellar remnant. Finally, we show that most planets detected by a space-based microlensing survey are likely to orbit host stars that will be detected and characterized by the same survey.


This study applies speech techniques to assist English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) learners to practice listening and speaking skills. In Taiwan, although EFL learners started learning English when young, they had a few opportunities for practicing English during the daily oral conversation. Integrating Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) programs and the Internet seems to be a solution to improving this condition. In a case study, an approach was proposed. Several EFL learners applied the developed CALL program to perform self-practice. Based on the evaluation, the participating learners benefited from this speech-enabled program.


The purpose of this chapter is to provide readers with an overview of current research in the field of mind, brain, and education (MBE) and an explanation of how findings can be applied to teaching children who live in poverty and experience the effects of dealing with toxic stress on a daily basis. The chapter begins with a summary of research on the typical cognitive development of a child and an explanation of how poverty can negatively impact this development. The goal of MBE is to combine research from neuroscience, psychology, and education to provide insight into how learning occurs in the brain and what factors can impede the learning process. The chapter discusses how this information can be used to inform classroom practices to support children living in poverty.


We discuss the symmetries of quenched QCD with Wilson fermions, starting from its Lagrangian formulation, taking into account the constraints needed for convergence of the ghost-quark functional integral. We construct the corresponding chiral effective Lagrangian, including terms linear and quadratic in the lattice spacing. This allows us to study the phase structure of the quenched theory, and compare it to that in the unquenched theory. In particular we study whether there may be an Aoki phase (with parity and flavor spontaneously broken) or a first-order transition line (with no symmetry breaking but meson masses proportional to the lattice spacing), which are the two possibilities in the unquenched theory. The presence of such phase structure, and the concomitant long-range correlations, has important implications for numerical studies using both quenched and dynamical overlap and domain-wall fermions. We argue that the phase structure is qualitatively the same as in the unquenched theory, with the choice between the two possibilities depending on the sign of a parameter in the low-energy effective theory.


the Hermitage and Observatory and traversing the Crocelle, the path enters the Atrio del Cavallo, from which the ascent of the cone is made. As the inclination of the sides of the cone is 40°, and the surface covered with loose masses of scoriae of all sizes, this is the most difficult and laborious part of the whole ascent. Perseverance, however, lands the traveller at length on the top of the old cone, where he finds himself on a narrow terrace surrounding the base of the small cone, formed during the recent eruption. This new eone is found to be about two hundred feet high, with sides comparatively smooth, the upper part being covered with beautifully and variously coloured incrustations, the sublimates of the volcano. Sulphur was very abundant, and sulphate of copper, from its bright blue colour, very conspicuous. Great quantities of vapour rise from the surface of the new cone, and these fumes become so dense at the summit as almost to conceal the edge of the crater. At the time of the lecturer's visit, in March, 1868, scoriae and ashes were being shot forth to a great height from the crater, with loud explosions and rattling subterranean noises. The interior of the crater had a very wild and extraordinary aspect, and formed a striking contrast to the bright and peaceful scene presented to the eye when turned in: the opposite direction; for, from the summit of Vesuvius, a grand panoramic view is obtained of the scenery around the world-famed Bay of Naples, which, once seen, is never to be forgotten.


Brazil is one of the largest melon (Cucumis melo) producers in the world and most of the production is exported to international markets. Currently, over 15% of the Brazilian melon shipments are lost during export transportation due to Fusarium fruit rot, which is jeopardizing the livelihood of the Brazilian melon producers. Herein, we focused on understanding the aggressivity of five different species of Fusarium causing fruit rot on the main types of melon produced in Brazil. We also investigated the correlation between pathogenicity and fruit quality. Experiments were performed under a completely randomized experimental design, in a 5x8 factorial scheme, using two methodologies for inoculation: deposition of discs of culture media containing fungal structures and deposition of spore suspensions in needle-punctured lesions. The fungal species used were Fusarium falciforme, F. sulawesiense, F. pernambucanum, F. kalimantanense, and Fusarium sp. Fruits of two hybrids from four types of melons, Canary (Goldex and Gold Mine), Piel de Sapo (Grand Prix and Flecha Verde), Galia (McLaren and DRG3228), and Cantaloupe (SV1044 and Bonsai), were used. Disease severity was assessed by measuring the lesions, disease severity index, fruit firmness, and degrees Brix of fruits. The five Fusarium spp. caused rot in the fruits of all melon hybrids studied and the aggressivity of those fungal species varied with the type/hybrid of melon fruits studied. Fruits of the hybrids McLaren and Bonsai presented the largest lesions among all melon hybrids, and hybrids of Canary type (Gold Mine and Goldex) were the most tolerant to rot caused by the Fusarium species investigated. Furthermore, the greater the severity of Fusarium fruit rot, the lower the pulp firmness of the melon fruits but degrees Brix did not correlate with the onset of the disease.


The seditious libel prosecution of John Wilkes, beginning in 1763, showed more clearly than ever that the crimes of seditious libel and seditious words were political crimes, and provoked many in Britain to advocate a more robust concept of freedoms of press and speech, and to question the criminalization of criticism of government and officials. George Wallace, a Scottish lawyer (publishing in London in 1760), set the stage by rejecting limitations on freedoms of press and speech, and rejecting seditious libel as a crime, as others did thereafter. Spurred by the Wilkes prosecutions and then the Junius prosecutions in 1770, scores of writers advocated broad understandings of freedoms of press and speech, such as "the right of free enquiry and fair discussion," and condemned the entirety or parts of the main restrictions (criminalization of seditious libels and words). The narrow understanding of Blackstone, even before he published it, was a minority understanding.


Art is performanceper-formance. It fits together by going through. Art itself fits together by going through itself It accomplishes its intrinsic order by performing its own principle, its own intention. This is the basis, and it's not a bad idea to keep these root senses in mind as we think through the work of an artist, particularly an artist of great internal variety, whose work is difficult to categorize or reduce to a single concept or set of concepts. We can waste a lot of time trying to fit Gary Hill into one genre, medium, historical attitude, or whatever, when his work is inviting us to skip the categories ('video', 'installation', etc.) and get with the work on its own most immediate terms. Such a work is endlessly at variance with itself, yet in such a way that it fits by performing itself A principle of order by performance necessarily includes difference, that is, self-difference and antithesis. So the active process of identity, self-sameness, involves passing through its apparent opposite. 'Gary Hill' is a performance: an artist of the image (video= I see) in whom the image is under such stress that it sometimes reaches zero visibility. An artist of sound in whom impenetrable sound and silence have equal status. An artist of language, indeed one kind of poet, whose unexampled selfreinvention in the play of words has its true complement in wordless, soundless, intensely textual space. 1 'Apparently Gary Hill's pieces have far less in common than one might expect, except that they perform their fit in a way that is true both to themselves (self-coherent) and to the artist (identitycoherent). They perform in the way an ecosystem George Quasha and Charles Stein


To the Editor .—The soft palate has a functional role in phonation and breathing, and by its strategic location plays the role of a gate in the subtle machinery governing air flow through the nose and/or mouth. 1 Both speech and nasal respiration depend on nasal airway, nasopharyngeal cavity, and velopharyngeal orifice cross area. In patients with cleft palate, speech performance and breathing must be studied together. 1,2 The patients can be obligatory mouth breathers because of nasal deformities but also because of adenoidal hypertrophy, and adenoidectomy is to be avoided. Another cause can be a narrow cross-sectional area of the velopharyngeal valve in rest, ie, in breathing. This is the price that has to be paid for having a competent velopharyngeal valve in speech. Patients with borderline velopharyngeal deficiency can present significantly impaired speech, and occasionally speech in patients who demonstrate gross velopharyngeal incompetence is significantly better than could


Objective To explore the serum total bile acid and fetal prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP).Methods On the base of serum total bile acid,95 patients with ICP were divided into group A(50μmol/L)and group B(≥50μmol/L).The rate of premature delivery,intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR),fetal death,meconium-stained amniotic fluid,fetal distress and neonatal prognosis,and the relation between labor and fetal distress were analyzed retrospectively.[WTHZ]Results [WT]Premature delivery,fetal death,amniotic fluid with dung,fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and neonatal abnormality in group A were increased significantly compared with group B(P0.05),butIUGR in group A was alike with group B(P0.05).After labor,patients amniotic fluid with dung,fetal distress were increased evidently compared with group B(P 0.05).[WTHZ]Conclusion [WT]Serum total bile acid is one of important factors to evaluate the fetal condition in uterus with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.


In 90 splenectomized patients with active HCL, this multi-institutional intergroup study showed that as compared to alpha interferon (aIF), pentostatin resulted in a higher incidence of response, but the difference was not statistically significantly. Pentostatin-induced remissions occurred significantly faster and such responses lasted significantly longer when compared with aIF induced remissions. there were no unusual toxicities observed in this study. This study confirms previous observations that both these agents have important place in therapy of hairy cell leukemia.


This article analyzes the structural relationship between falsehood and truth within Dante's Comedy. The centrality of this relationship is also numerical: it recurs in all three parts of the work, and in each one of them it occupies the central section, with the ostensible purpose of placing Dante's poetic voice at the very heart of everything, as a harbinger of truth.


Study and evaluation of patients with heart failure related with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy is interesting for the clinical practice. Similarly, the analysis of the behavior of the respiratory system of patients undergoing extubation process is still research topic, and is particularly important to determine the optimal moment for the weaning process. In Both cases, the study of the cardiac and respiratory systems, and their interaction can contribute to identify new medical process, and increase the knowledge of the pathologies studied. The main goal of this research is the analysis and characterization of the behavior of the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, and the cardiorespiratory interaction in patients with chronic heart failure, and patients assisted by mechanical ventilation on the processes of weaning trials. We propose the extraction of information that allows to enhance the knowledge of the physiological behavior, and improve the diagnosis and stratification of these patients.
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the cardiac muscle reducing the heart's pumping ability. Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) usually present changes in the respiratory behavior, with periodical changes in the tidal volume, known as periodic breathing (PB).
In order to study chronic heart failure patients, we propose to analyse the cardiorespiratory interaction through characteristics extracted, in time and frequency domain, from the respiratory flow (FLW), respiratory volume (VOL), electrocardiogram ECG, and blood pressure (BP) signals. The study was performed in 50 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (19 patients), and ischemic cardiomyopathy (31 patients). A periodic respiratory pattern is considered as an indicator of the severity of these disease. Using the respiratory flow envelope, we calculated the modulation index (M) associated to the periodic breathing.
First part of the study considered CHF patients classified based on the modulation index. The study was performed considering 35 segments of signals non modulated (GN, M 75%). Considering these time segments, we studied parameters extracted from the cardiac, respiratory and cardiorespiratory interaction related to the envelope of the respiratory flow signal. The main objective is to analyze differences on the cardiovascular behavior between non modulated and modulated patients.
Studying respiratory signals, the main differences were found on the end expiratory lung volume (EELV). Considering the parameters extracted from the ECG, were obtained difference on the spectrum of the upward and downward slope of the QRS complex. Differences were also found on the heart rate variability. From the analysis of the magnitude squared coherence (MSC) between the series and the envelope the main differences were found in the frequency domain on the band of very low frequency. This result suggest that the periodic changes on the tidal volume are presented in the cardiac behavior. CHF patients were also studied through an unsupervised classification based on the K-means method. Time and frequency features extracted from the series were used to perform a 2 clusters classification. Based on these cluster
were analyzed the clinical information. Additional, were study the modulation index on these clusters. Results suggest a strong correlation between feature extracted form ECG series and the modulation of the respiratory. Clusters calculated form BP series are related with the blood volume on the ventricle. Mechanical ventilation guarantee a correct alveolar ventilation in patients with respiratory failure. Weaning trial is the process of transfer the respiratory effort from the mechanical ventilator to the patient. This study investigated the contribution of spectral signals of heart rate variability (HRV) and respiratory flow, and their coherence to classifying patients on weaning process from mechanical ventilation. A total of 121 candidates for weaning, undergoing spontaneous breathing tests, were analyzed: 73 were successfully weaned (GS),
33 failed to maintain spontaneous breathing so were reconnected (GF), and 15 were extubated after the test but reintubated within 48 h (GR). The power spectral density and MSC of HRV and respiratory flow signals were estimated. Dimensionality reduction was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) over the spectral signals. Considering this new space formed by the PCA were calculated a fuzzy K-nearest neighbor classification.
Best classification index, applying PCA and fKNN methods, were obtained considering the spectral signal of the MSC between HRV and FLW. The classifiers present a good balance between sensibility and specificity, and high accuracy of 92% comparing GS vs. GF, 86% classifying GS vs. GR, and 83% classifying GS vs. GFR. Reintubated patients is the most complex group for the analysis and classification, because at the beginning of the trial the behavior is similar to the success patients, but before 48 h the evolution of the respiratory pattern is more comparable to the failure patients. However, applying our method the index of accuracy, sensibility and specificity comparing GR against the other groups are above 80%.
Spectral analysis of weaning trial patients were complemented with a nonlinear study based on the recurrence plot (RP) method. Additional, to the individual RP analysis of the HRV series, inspiratory time series (TI ), and respiratory time series (TTot), were performed the study of the cardiorespiratory interaction through the cross recurrence plot (CRP) and joint recurrence plot (JRP).
One of the main issues for the application of the recurrence technique is the correct selection of the embedding dimension (e). We propose the application of the method based on the analysis of ROC curves comparing observational noise against the signals of the study. This method allow the selection of the optimal e for each data series.
Recurrence matrix where characterized based on the parameters extracted applying the recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). Comparing the different groups that the main differences was observed on the determinism and stationarity of the signals. Patients of the success group show higher values of determinism, suggesting that time series extracted form de GE patients during the weaning trials are more stationary comparing with the orders groups.
Analyzing the result obtained from JRP, it concludes that patients from GS show a higher mutual recurrence between HRV and the time series (TI and (TTot. Based on the RQA parameters obtained for each time series extracted, was proposed a supervised classification applying support vector machine technique (SVM). The best classification obtained were abode the 80% in accuracy.
The results obtained suggest that recurrence plot and especially joint recurrence plot techniques could improve the discrimination and characterization of patients on weaning trials


Background: Pre diabetes is a definite risk factor in cases of STEMI. This study was aimed to compare various clinical outcomes, coronary angiographic results and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in prediabetic patients presented with STEMI with those of non prediabetic STEMI patients in a tertiary care centre. Methods: Study was conducted in prediabetic patients presented with STEMI whose fasting serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin level were 100-125 mg/dl and 5.7-6.4%, were respectively. Age and sex matched non prediabetic patients with STEMI was selected as control group. Demographic variables were taken. Further the clinical presentations; findings of coronary angiogram; electrocardiogram (ECG) and 2D echo; morbidity and cardiac mortality were collected and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Total of 70 patients (35 prediabetic and 35 non prediabetic control) with ACS STEMI were included in the prospective study. The prediabetic patients with ACS STEMI were found with clinical presentation (Killip class III and IV); ECG manifestations (Tachyarrythmia); 2 D echo (Moderate and severe left ventricular dysfunction); angiographic findings (Double and Triple vessel disease, Right coronary artery(RCA), Left circumflex artery (LCX), Long Stents); morbidity (MACE and site hematoma) and cardiac mortality more than the non prediabetic control group. Conclusion: The results showed that prediabetic group had higher Killip class, more multivessel disease, higher MACE and cardiovascular mortality as compared to control group.


Many hydrocarbon fields exist in water depths between 800-2000ft which are not commercially viable using existing methods of production. It is clear that various types of floating production systems (FPS) are viable alternatives to fixed platforms in deeper water depths, as shown by the Green Canyon Block 29 development. The submerged wellhead platform system (SWPS) concept is based on the requirement to produce deep water fields at the lowest cost using proven technology. The paper discusses the design of the submerged jacket, vessel selection,mooring systems, flexible riser configurations, installation, semisubmersible downtime criteria and overall concept economics. Estimates indicate that significant cost savings can be realised using this concept, when compared to existing project developments.


ABSTRACT In 2017, the Riyad Nassar Library of the Lebanese American University – Beirut, Lebanon – conducted a student survey as part of its assessment plan to evaluate all functions offered to its stakeholders including space design. The results of said survey are discussed in this paper to ensure if the executed redesign of the library space, carried out during the last 5 years, helped in meeting students' perceptions and expectations. The authors will discuss the methods used to assess space change such as survey, behavioral observation and statistics as well as the challenges faced by the library during this process.


Introduction: Spinal anesthesia has a better postoperative outcome in elderly who have concurrent diseases. Conventional spinal anesthesia in the elderly is associated with high incidence of hypotension. The synergism between intrathecal fentanyl and low dose of local anesthetics may make it possible to achieve reliable spinal anesthesia with minimal hypotension. Methods: Forty elderly ASA II-III patients, aged ≥ 70, years undergoing surgical repair of proximal femur fracture were randomized into two groups. The first study group received L-bupivacaine 9 mg and fentanyl 25 μg intrathecally (BF group) while the control group received levobupivacaine 15 mg only (B group). We were observed the quality of sensory and motor block, hemodynamic stability and side effects: respiratory depression, shivering, nausea and itching. Results: All patients had satisfactory anesthesia. The incidence of hypotension was more common in B group, nine patients and only two in BF group (p< 0, 05). The degree of motor block was significantly lower in in the BF group (p<0,01 ). Time of segmental regresion to L1 from maximal sensory level was significantly longer in the BF group ( 253 +/- 27,2. minutes) than 105,75 ± 12,06 minutes in the B group ( p < 0,001 ). Time of effective analgesia was significantly longer in the BF group (149 ± 9,12 minutes) than 157 ± 21,3 minutes in the B group p<0,001). The incidence of side effects was similar, except for a significantly higher of itching in the BF group (p< 0,01). Conclusion: The low dose of levobupivacaine with addition of intrathecaly fentanyl provide adequate spinal block, better hemodynamic stability with minimal side effects. .


Abstract The reagent RK [R=CH(SiMe3)2 or N(SiMe3)2] was expected to react with the low‐valent (DIPPBDI)Al (DIPPBDI=HC[C(Me)N(DIPP)]2, DIPP=2,6‐iPr‐phenyl) to give [(DIPPBDI)AlR]−K+. However, deprotonation of the Me group in the ligand backbone was observed and [H2C=C(N‐DIPP)−C(H)=C(Me)−N−DIPP]Al−K+ (1) crystallized as a bright‐yellow product (73 %). Like most anionic AlI complexes, 1 forms a dimer in which formally negatively charged Al centers are bridged by K+ ions, showing strong K+⋅⋅⋅DIPP interactions. The rather short Al–K bonds [3.499(1)–3.588(1) Å] indicate tight bonding of the dimer. According to DOSY NMR analysis, 1 is dimeric in C6H6 and monomeric in THF, but slowly reacts with both solvents. In reaction with C6H6, two C−H bond activations are observed and a product with a para‐phenylene moiety was exclusively isolated. DFT calculations confirm that the Al center in 1 is more reactive than that in (DIPPBDI)Al. Calculations show that both AlI and K+ work in concert and determines the reactivity of 1.


uary functions and powers. It was the Muslim League's insistence on this last demand, and the Congress party's unwillingness to meet it, that eventually led to India's partition. The Muslim elites' separatist urges suited the British rulers, and the two "conspired" against India's unity and freedom. Nagarkar contends also that, given the developments over the preceding one or more centuries, the partition of India was inevitable and that therefore the "theory of historical accidents" must be rejected. Thus, Maulana Azad's view that the partition might have been avoided if Nehru had not virtually repudiated the Cabinet Mission Plan at his press conference on 10 July 1946 is not to be trusted. Nagarkar's defense of Nehru—i.e., that the Muslim League saw the Plan as a way of eventually achieving a larger Pakistan—is not convincing. For it is not a self-evident truth that the demand for Pakistan would have been maintained despite the abundant autonomy available to the groupings of Muslim majority provinces under the Plan. Nor is the fact that in 1972 Pakistan President Bhutto likened a central government confined to three functions to "a widow without pension" (p. 483) any proof that the Congress party was wise in rejecting the idea of a limited center. In this, as in numerous other matters, Bhutto may have been wrong. Nagarkar sees Indian politicians of the time as "good guys" and "bad guys," placing most Muslim leaders in the second group. He views the partition of India as a "tragedy." These characterizations, inconsistent with his thesis that the partition was inevitable, make for internal contradictions. For instance, he maintains that in the prevailing conditions, religion and historical tradition were the only symbols with which leaders could mobilize the masses. Yet, throughout the book he represents the Muslim leaders' use of these symbols as mischievous. He concedes that these leaders regarded the Indian Muslims as a separate nation. But he thinks it was undemocratic of them to pursue the logic of this self-perception and reject unqualified majority rule in a multinational Indian polity. He represents Jinnah as one who merely voiced the "prevailing Muslim mass urges" even when these were contrary to his own views, and then goes on to say that Jinnah had no use for democracy. Despite numerous such problems of interpretation and analysis, Nagarkar is to be commended for putting together a truly massive year-by-year account of Muslim separatism. This achievement alone makes it a good book to have in one's collection.


Nowadays the density of the population in cities is increasing, and that factor coupled with economic difficulties makes public transport extremely important and more used by the population. On the other hand, with the increasing use of mobile technologies, there is a need to get information about public transports in real time to facili-tate time management and daily trips. Our approach provides this information in real time using GPS-based mobile applications both for end users and mobile transportation communications via a centralized server. Tests on real users evaluate the usability of the system and allow for the definition of standard functionalities.


In view of face recognition with only on sample problem,we propose a weighted modular 2DPCA method in this paper.In the method,we first divide original images into modular images and accomplish the sub-image 2DPCA feature extraction.Then,we use optical flow between testing and sample image to estimate difference of corresponding pixel blocks quantitatively,which is as criterion for us to give variant weights to each block of difference matrixes between the feature matrixes of sample and that of probing images.Finally,nearest neighbor classifier is employed for classification.The experiment results on the JAFFE and ORL human face database indicate that weighted modular 2DPCA is superior to both conventional 2DPCA and modular 2DPCA in terms of accuracy and robustness with the same dimension of discriminate features,and it is feasible to introduce prior knowledge into PCA method of face recognition.


The objective of this study is to develop a long-acting and implantable drug-release device that can effectively control the release rate and concentration of the loaded drug. The proposed device consists of a tubular nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) encapsulating a microporous chitosan/collagen composite. The nanopore size of the AAO tube can be modified by adjusting the anodization parameters, which in turn adjust the release rate and concentration, while the microporous chitosan/collagen composite provides the long-acting release feature. Fabrication results indicate that the AAO tube has a uniform pore arrangement with a pore size around 50 nm. The synthesized microporous chitosan/collagen composite containing 90% chitosan yielded the highest moisture content and was therefore used as the drug carrier. Release experiments demonstrate that the proposed long-acting drug release device had released less than 65% of the loading drug on the 17th release day. We then applied the proposed long-acting drug-release scheme as a recombinant human bone morphogenetic-protein 2 (rh-BMP2) release device to induce differentiation of pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells into osteoblasts. Results from alkaline phosphate and alizarin red S assays demonstrate that the total amount of rh-BMP2 consumed by the proposed AAO tube is much less than that consumed using the conventional culture approach. Furthermore, our approach has the advantage of requiring only one-time dosing, whereas the conventional approach requires the periodic renewal of rh-BMP2. AAO's one-time dosing feature combined with its biocompatibility and biodegradability can be beneficial in real implant applications.


The paper introduces an experimental design studio that explores the optimal use of current digital technologies in order to allow the adoption of Building Information Modelling at an early stage of the design process. Based upon outcomes from the aforementioned studio, the paper discusses issues regarding the adoption of BIM.


The method of pasteurization of canned compote strawberry, characterized in that the jars placed in compote carrier providing tightness, more jars carried preheating compote dushevaniem hot water at 60-65 ° C for 3 minutes in a hot water pasteurisation temperature 75 ° C for 5 minutes followed by re dushevaniem hot water at 80 ° C for 3 min and the pasteurization temperature in hot water of 85 ° C for 15 minutes followed by cooling in atmospheric Air flow ha when its speed of 5-6 m / s for 15 min, and the bank during the heat treatment process is rotated with the bottom cover at a frequency of 0.12 sec-1.


In this study, we developed new likelihood based method for estimating parameters of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) / delay differential equations (DDEs) models. Those models are important for modeling dynamical processes that are described in terms of their derivatives and are widely used in many fields of modern science, such as physics, chemistry, biology and social sciences. We developed a new approach to estimate prameters of distributed delay differential equation models, the statistical inference of which has been unexplored, to our knowledge. Estimating a distributed DDE model or ODE model with time varying coefficients results in a large number of parameters. We also apply regularization for efficient estimation of such models. We implemented the aforemention methods in R and illustrated its usage. We assess the performance of our new approaches using simulation and applied them to analyzing data from epidemiology and ecology.


Prevalence of chronic diseases has become a serious problem in our society. These illnesses are commonly caused by dietary and lifestyle risk factors and are hard to cure completely. However, behavioral changes such as adopting a healthy diet and lifestyle are effective in reducing chronic conditions. In this research, we propose to build games that could support the Sustainable transformation of chronic patients in a Holistic and Adaptable manner using Real-time, Precise, and Persuasive (SHARPP) principles, processes, systems, and technologies. This research leverages wearable information technologies and chronic disease studies to design games that interweaves virtual worlds with the real world. It not only supports patients to form healthy habits that prevent and revert chronic diseases but also helps individuals to balance various life dimensions.


: This article presents the application of renewable energy sources like wind and solar energy for modeling and operation of a micro grid. A current-source-interface multiple-input dc-dc converter is used to combine the wind and solar energy to the main dc bus. In this article, PMSG is used with a variable speed control method whose approach is to capture the maximum wind energy below the rated wind speed. This analysis provides the variations in load power with the change in solar irradiance wind energy. Fuzzy-based incremental conductance has been implemented for solar PV system. As a case study a 30-KW wind/solar hybrid power system model is examined. The observed dynamics demonstrates that the anticipated power system is a possible option for a sustainable micro grid application


The Joint Development Station (JDS) selection for a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system in Taichung, Taiwan has been on the table since the policy was made by Central government. This paper is concerned with the selection of a candidate JDS for this project. A proposal for a method to reach consensus for a group decision, based on a combination of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the Assurance Region model of data envelopment analysis (DEA), is made. Several strategies for using this methodology, e.g. Delphi procedures, are also discussed. Based on these analyses, the Experts Committee responsible for recommending the proper candidate JDS came up with two contenders from among five; one station is in Taichung's CBD area and the other is in the Situn District in Taichung City. It was not possible to discriminate between the two using multiple criteria for evaluating stations. The Committee recommended these two stations to the City Council who will be able to make an informed, objective decision. In this research, the decision-making processes that the Experts Committee followed are summarized putting emphasis on the methodological aspects.


Aim. To study the reaction of hemostasis system to a single effect of hypercapnic hypoxia of maximum intensity in rats and possibility of correcting hemostasis disorders by means of a preliminary course of an antihypoxant - mexidol. Methods. The study involved sexually mature male rats (48 specimens) of the Wistar line with an average mass of 274.0 ± 32.0 g. The rats were kept on a standard diet, food and water were fed once a day between 10 and 11 hours. In the evening, animals underwent a single hypercapnic hypoxia in a special flow chamber. The state of hypercapnic hypoxia of maximum intensity was modeled at O2 content of 5.0 %, CO2 - 5.0 % during a single 20-minute exposure. As a training regimen, a 30-fold course of mexidol was used, the drug was administered intraperitoneally to rats at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 1.5 hours prior to exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia. Results. After a single exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia of maximum intensity, shortening of the onset of clot formation, an increase of alpha angle, and maximum clot density were recorded. Also, the clot formation time shortened and the maximum clot lysis index increased. With a single exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia of maximum intensity after the course of mexidol, a decrease in the maximum clot density was recorded. Conclusion. A single exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia of maximum intensity was characterized by a shift of hemostatic potential toward hypercoagulability along with fibrinolytic system activation. The course use of antihypoxant mexidol, preceding hypercapnic hypoxia of maximum intensity, significantly reduces the risk of clot formation.


Strategic alliances among organizations are one of the central drivers of innovation and economy and have raised strong interest among policymakers, strategists and economists. However, discovery of alliances has relied on pure manual search and has limited scope. This research addresses the limitations by proposing a text mining framework that automatically extracts alliances from news articles. The model not only integrates meta-search, entity extraction and shallow and deep linguistic parsing techniques, but also proposes an innovative ADT-based relation extraction method to deal with the extremely skewed and noisy news articles and AC Rank to further improve the precision using various linguistic features. Evaluation from an IBM alliances case study showed that ADT-based extraction achieved 78.1% in recall, 44.7% in precision and 0.569 in F-measure and eliminated over 99% of the noise in document collections. AC Rank further improved precision to 97% with the top-20% extracted alliance instances. Our case study also showed that the widely cited Thomson SDC database only covered less than 20% of total alliances while our automatic approach can covered 67%.


This article reviews existing capacitive power transfer (CPT) systems and aims to provide a universal methodology to systematically construct CPT topologies with zero-phase angle (ZPA) and load-independent output property. There are three contributions. First, y, z, g, and h parameters of a two-port network are adopted to model the capacitive coupler for four basic CPT compensations, which facilitates the resonant circuit analysis by forming parallel or series LC resonance. Second, four basic CPT compensations, series–series (SS), series–parallel (SP), parallel–series, and parallel–parallel (PP), are developed and analyzed. ZPA frequencies are identified with a load-independent output, and a unified efficiency analysis is also provided. Third, by selectively deploying high-order T/Π-type LCL/CLC networks and the SS mutual inductance with basic CPT compensations, a universal CPT design methodology is provided. In total, 144 feasible CPT topologies are derived with ZPA property and constant-current (CC) or constant-voltage output, which not only summaries existing ones but also predicts new topologies. Considerations are provided to guide the topology selection, from which ten typical CPT topologies are elaborated and recommended. A 500-W LCL–PP–LCL compensated CPT circuit is implemented. Experiments validate the proposed methodology by a ZPA property and a load-independent CC output, and a peak dc–dc efficiency of 87.76% is also achieved at 478 W.


Recently we have started a project on a new type of azobenzene polymers, namely azobenzene elastomers (AEs). Our purpose is to investigate the coupling effects between mechanical stretching and photoisomerization of azobenzene and to explore the potential of using azobenzene elastomers for mechanically tunable optic or photonic devices. The polymer shown below is such a thermoplastic elastomer that is obtained by grafting an azobenzene side-chain liquid crystalline polymer (SCLCP) onto a styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS).1 The concentration of the azobenzene-SCLCP ranges from 10 to 20 wt %.


Objective:To observe the efficacy and security of hemabate in prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section among the pregnant women combined with high risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage.Methods:90 pregnant women with high risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage(polyhydramnios,twin pregnancy,macrosomia,uterine inertia and placenta praevia) were selected and divided into 3 groups randomly: control group(routine intravenous drip of oxytocin after birth),intramuscular injection of hemabate group(intramuscular injection of hemabate into deltoid based on routine intravenous drip of oxytocin after birth) and uterus body injection of hemabate group(uterus body injection of hemabate based on routine intravenous drip of oxytocin after birth),30 pregnant women in each group;the amounts of blood loss,incidences of postpartum hemorrhage and adverse reactions during operation,at 2 and 24 hours after birth were compared among the three groups.Results:The incidences of postpartum hemorrhage in intramuscular injection of hemabate group and uterus body injection of hemabate group were 16.7% and 13.3%,respectively,which were significantly lower than that in control group(36.7%)(P0.01).The average amounts of intraoperative blood loss in intramuscular injection of hemabate group and uterus body injection of hemabate group were significantly less than that in control group(P0.01).The total incidences of adverse reactions in intramuscular injection of hemabate group and uterus body injection of hemabate group were significantly lower than that in control group(36.7%)(P0.01).The total incidence of adverse reactions in intramuscular injection of hemabate group was significantly higher than that in uterus body injection of hemabate group(P0.05).All the pregnant women with adverse reactions recovered without any management,no severe complications occurred.Conclusion:Preventive use of hemabate during operation can reduce the amounts of intraoperative and postoperative blood loss,incidence of postpartum hemorrhage among pregnant women with high risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section,the two different application methods are effective and safe,which is worth popularizing in hospitals at different levels.


This study has the objectives, namely first, to find out whether students' mathematical problem-solving abilities can be improved by using external representations. Second, analyzing student activities in learning mathematics by using external representations. Third, analyzing student responses to learning mathematics by using external representations. This research uses classroom action research (CAR) or classroom action testing (PTK) methods. According to O'Brien in Mulyatiningsih, "action research is carried out when a group of people (students) identify the problem, then the researcher determines an action to overcome it." Classroom Action Research (CAR) seeks to develop and reflect on a learning model with the aim of improving learning processes and outcomes. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that: learning using external representations can improve mathematical problem solving abilities; it can be seen that there is an increase in the number of students who score above the KKM in cycle II, with the percentage of students who are declared complete (reaching the KKM) at 71.4%, or as many as 20 students are higher than in cycle I, with a percentage of 53.57%, or as many as 15 students who are declared complete. This means that most students have achieved learning mastery resulting from learning through the use of external representations


The Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Public Works (NS TPW) called a tender in July 2007 to replace a corrugated steel tunnel (CST) crossing Highway 101 near Windsor, Nova Scotia. The new concrete arch structure was stipulated as "Design-Build", allowing the contractor to use innovative construction techniques, acceptable to NS TPW, to provide a cost effective structure replacement. This paper will describe the geotechnical analysis, approval and processes used to reduce the volume of foundation excavation for a new Bishopville Road arch tunnel. It will demonstrate the foundation improvement design did not adversely affect the structural integrity of the new structure. Survey data taken before, during and after final construction of the arch will illustrate the foundation settlement was well within design limits. The proven results of this case study show that geotechnical analysis of the "in-situ material" along with controlled construction practices can save backfill replacement costs, energy, and emissions to the environment.


This paper investigates the impact of interest rate on real estate market. It estimates the impact of interest rates upon house price movements from 1980 to 2008 across 16 countries. I employ static panel data model to estimate determinants of house prices using a across country panel dataset. I also take a novel analysis for the fundamental determinants of house prices. The results show that unemployment rate, the share of active population, real broad money, short-term interest rate and inflation rate are negatively associated with house prices, and real per capita GDP is positively correlated to house prices. In particular, the short-term interest rate elasticity of house prices is -13.75. This result indicates that short-term interest rates play very important role in house prices and hence have a large impact on real estate market.


Objective
To investigate the value of urinary trehalase(T) in patients with renal proximal tubular damage.

Methods
134 patients with kidney disease (male:66 female:68 age:18-59; 31 cases with acute renal failure, 30 cases with chronic renal failure, 20 cases with drug-induced renal impairment, 21 cases with renal transplantation and 32 cases with nephritic syndrome) and 101 healthy controls (58 males and 43 females) were selected.Urinary T, N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), β2-MG, gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT) were detected.Data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5, including non-parametric rank test, ROC analysis.

Results
The level of urinary trehalase in control group was normally distributed (7.1±4.1) μmol/h·g Cr (0-25 μmol/h·g Cr). There was no significant difference between men and women (t=0.63, P=0.53).Urinary T levels were significant higher in all kidney disease groups than in control group (Z=6.80,5.90, 5.23, 6.00, 8.04,P<0.01).According to ROC curve, the area of urinary T under the ROC curve (AUC) in 134 patients was 0.9, significantly different with NAG, β2-MG, GGT area (P<0.01),the AUCs of T were 0.94,0.85, 0.90,0.90,0.91 in acute and chronic renal failure group, drug-induced renal impairment group, renal transplantation group and nephritic syndrome group, respectively; Youden index were 0.85,0.65,0.77,0.66,0.72 respectively.Corresponding to the Youden index,sensitivity and specificity were 90.3% and 95.1%, 73.3% and 92.1%, 85.0% and 92.1%, 81.0% and 85.2%, 87.5% and 84.2% respectively.

Conclusions
The Urinary trehalase is better than other markers in the diagnosis of the proximal renal tubular damage.It was better to evaluate the proximal tubular function early in time.The diagnostic value of urinary trehalase played a key role in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of kidney diseases.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:1135-1138)

Key words:
Kidney diseases; Kidney tubules;  proximal; Trehalase; Urinalysis


A polypeptide esterase cocaine (OSCC) mutant comprising an amino acid sequence encoded by a nucleic acid sequence, the nucleic acid sequence having at least 85% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein SEQ ID NO: 2 is a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide of OSCC wildtype; wherein the amino acid sequence comprises at least one substitution, addition or deletion of an amino acid residue compared to SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting T172R, F189A / T172R, T172R / A193D, G173Q, T172R / G173Q , T172R / G173Q-I175-GG-A186, T172R / G173Q-T176-GG-D185, L169K and F189K; and sews the mutant polypeptide has esterase activity cocaine increased thermal stability at 37 ° C compared to the wild type OSCC having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.


For a current carrying rectangular plate which is simply supported at two opposite boundaries and the other two are fixed,the magnetic-elasticity steady problem is studied. Based on deriving the magnetic-elasticity dynamic buckling equation of the plate applied mechanical load in a magnet field, the buckling equation is changed into the standard form of the Mathieu equation by using Galerkin method.Thus,the buckling problem comes down to solve the Mathien equation.The crite- rion equation of the plate at the critical state of magnetic elas- ticity buckling is obtained with the analysis on the eigen value relations between the coefficientsλandηin the Mathieu equa- tion.The map and the boundary lines of the steady areas of the Mathieu equation are shown whenηis small exciter.At last,the curves of the relations among the critical state of magnetic elastic- ity dynamic buckling problem of the plate and the relative pa- rameters are drawn out through a calculating example.The con- clusions show that the electrical and magnetic forces may be con- trolled by changing the parameters of the current and the magnetic field so that the aim for controlling the deformation,stress,strain and the stability of the current canying plate is achieved.


Cassava starch/[BMIM] Cl solution with different starch concentrations(1%,5%,9%,11%)was prepared by using the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloridedispersion [BMIM] Cl as the solvent.The rheological properties of the solution were investigated at 70,80,90,100℃ by means of HAAKE Rheometer.The results showed that starch/[BMIM] Cl solution was a typical pseudoplastic fluid.The viscosity of solution decreased with increasing of the temperature,which followed the Arrhenius equation.The relation between starch concentration and viscosity of solution was in line with the index model.The viscosity of solution was decreased gradually with the rising starch concentration.


Objective: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) facilitates mammalian embryonic development and implantation. However, its biological function after implantation is not elucidated. The aim of this study is to assess the changes of gene expression by GM-CSF in human trophoblast obtained in early pregnancy. Methods: Human trophoblast obtained in early pregnancy was cultured with or without GM-CSF. The difference of gene expression was evaluated with microarray and selected genes were reevaluated with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Microarray analysis revealed that the expressions of 468 genes were increased while those of 40 genes were decreased by GM-CSF. These genes were evaluated according to the known biologic pathways. The regulation of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion pathways were mostly influenced by GM-CSF. Annexin A2, thymosin-like 3, vimentin, myogenin, ACK1, and tensin1 genes were selected for real-time RT-PCR. The increased expressions of of vimentin and ACK1, and decreased expressions of tensin1 were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. Conclusion: GM-CSF activates focal adhesion pathway in human trophoblast by increasing the expression of vimentin and ACK1, and decreasing the expression of tensin1.


1 The binding properties and pharmacological specificity of the selective NK3 tachykinin receptor agonist [3H]‐senktide ([3H]‐succinyl[Asp6,MePhe8] substance P (6–11)) have been examined in homogenates of guinea‐pig ileum longitudinal muscle‐myenteric plexus (LM/MP) and cerebral cortex. 2 Scatchard analysis of saturation binding studies in guinea‐pig ileum LM/MP and cerebral cortex membranes indicated that [3H]‐senktide bound to a single site with apparent high affinity, KD = 2.21 ± 0.65 nm; Bmax = 13.49 ± 0.04 fmol mg−1 protein in ileum and KD = 8.52 ± 0.45 nm; Bmax = 76.3 ± 1.6 fmol mg−1 protein in cortex (values are means ± ranges; n = 2). 3 The pharmacological profile for tachykinins and analogues in displacing [3H]‐senktide from ileum membranes was: [MePhe7] neurokinin B > neurokinin B (NKB) ≃ senktide > eledoisin > substance P (SP) > neurokinin A(NKA) > physalaemin > [Sar9,Met(O2)11]SP > [Nle10]NKA(4–10) = [Glp6,L‐Pro9]‐SP(6–11) > substance P methyl ester, consistent with [3H]‐senktide binding to an NK3 subtype of tachykinin receptor. A similar rank order of affinity was obtained for these peptides in displacing [3H]‐senktide from cortex membranes 4 Several tachykinin receptor agonists were tested for their ability to displace [3H]‐senktide from ileal and cortical NK3 binding sites and were found to be either weak displacers (pIC50 < 5.00) or inactive. 5 The binding of [3H]‐senktide to cortex membranes was inhibited by GTP (pIC50 = 6.49)and GTP‐γ‐S (pIC50 = 6.67) with ATP being at least three orders of magnitude less potent (pIC50 = 3.55). 6 These results indicate that both central and peripheral NK3 receptors share a similar pharmacological specificity and that they may be labelled selectively with the NK3 receptor agonist [3H]‐senktide.


The virus (LCM) which causes in man the disease lymphocytic choriomeningitis exists in nature as a parasite of the common mouse (Mus musculus, var.). The natural virus-mouse relationship permits survival of the parasite on terms that are very easy for the host; yet under circumstances producible artificially, the virus displays lethal capabilities in the mouse, and the mouse shows a capacity for complete suppression of virus, at least in a form demonstrable by the usual methods. The human disease caused by this virus appears to be of limited importance as far as present knowledge goes, but further study of the variable effects of parasite and natural host upon one another offers an opportunity for increasing our knowledge of host-parasite relationships, a subject of fundamental significance to the control of infectious disease. This report discusses such relationships in terms of severity of infection, and of distribution and persistence of virus in various mouse tissues. It shows how such factors as the route of


Few of us may ever live on the seaor under it, but all of us are mak-ing increasing use of it either as asource of food and other materi-als, or as a dump. As our demandsupon the ocean increase, so doesour need to understand the oceanas an ecosystem. Basic to the un-derstanding of any ecosystem isknowledge of its food web, throughwhich energy and materials flow.(Pomeroy 1974, p. 499)


DAWEI FAN , JINGUI XU , MAINING MA , SHUYI WEI , 4 BO ZHANG , JING LIU , HONGSEN XIE 1 5 6 1 Laboratory for High Temperature and High Pressure Study of the Earth's Interior of Institute of Geochemistry, 7 Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China 8 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 9 3 Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 10 4 Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 11 100049, China 12 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: email@example.com 13 14 Abstract: The pressure-volume-temperature (P-V-T) equation of state (EoS) of synthetic uvarovite 15 has been measured at high temperatures up to 900 K and high pressures up to 16.20 GPa, by using 16 in situ angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction and diamond anvil cell. Analysis of room-temperature 17 P-V data to a third-order Birch-Murnaghan EoS yielded: V0=1736.9±0.5Å, K0=162±2 GPa and 18 K'0=4.5±0.3. With K'0 fixed to 4.0, we obtained: V0=1736.5±0.3 Å and K0=164±1 GPa. Fitting of 19 our P-V-T data by means of the high-temperature third order Birch-Murnaghan equations of state, 20 given the thermoelastic parameters: V0=1736.8±0.8 Å, K0=162±3 GPa, K'0=4.3±0.4, 21 (∂K/∂T)P=-0.021±0.004 GPaK and α0=(2.72±0.14)×10 K. We compared our elastic parameters 22 to the results from the previous studies for uvarovite. From the comparison of these fittings, we 23 propose to constrain the bulk modulus and its pressure derivative to K0=162 GPa and K'0=4.0-4.5 24 for uvarovite. Present results were also compared with previously studies for other ugrandite 25 garnets-grossular and andradite, indicated that the compression mechanism of uvarovite might be 26 similar with grossular and andradite. Furthermore, a systematic relationship, K0(GPa)= 27 398.1(7)-0.136(8)V0(Å) with a correlation coefficient R of 0.9999, has been established based on 28 these isostructural analogues. Combining these results with previous studies for pyralspite 29 garnets-pyrope, almandine and spessartine, the compositional dependence of the thermoelastic 30 parameters (bulk modulus, thermal expansion and the temperature derivative of the bulk modulus) 31 were discussed. 32 33


Max Weber introduced the differentiation between two types of human rationality. He distinguished >Zweckrationalitat Wertrationalitat Eigenvalue quasi-experimental questions< were given to the respondents. These questions were constructed as constellations of 5 variables characterizing the problematic situation and 5 variables specifying different possible solutions of the problem. Out of the possible constellations which can be formed by these 25x25 clusters of variables 26 were chosen for empirical research on the basis of an incomplete experimental design. Then each respondent was asked to choose his solutions in each of 6 possible situations. The decisions which had to be met concern the specific living arrangements which the respondents would chose for their old and ha


Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan, Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan


A map display method and a map display control means, a navigation device, wherein the map display method comprising: acquiring map coordinates and screen coordinates of the map point; determining the angle of rotation of the map; determining a transformation based on the rotation angle of the map and the map scale factor parameter; map object map coordinates determined relative to the map coordinates of the base point of the map coordinates of the offset parameter; map based on the screen coordinates of the base point of the coordinate offset parameter and the transformation parameters to map the coordinate transformation map object to the corresponding screen coordinates of the map object; object-based map screen coordinates of the display map comprising objects in the map screen. After this technical solution can be any point on the screen where the position of the current parking, and changing the current parking position, can be quickly redrawn navigation map, saves computing resources in the navigation device.


Abdominal distension, constipation, and vomiting are just a few of the symptoms of small bowel obstruction (SBO), a disorder with several well-known frequent causes. Patients may now be more carefully chosen for surgical intervention and frequent causes of SBO can be quickly detected thanks to recent advancements in both imaging modalities and minimally invasive procedures. Despite these developments, it must be emphasized that diagnosing unusual causes of SBO remains challenging. This study describes a 38-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with a capsulated submucosal leiomyoma and later treated surgically.


8. Joan Smith, Cathy Humphreys and Chris Laming, 'The Central Place of Women's Support and Partner Contact in Men's Behaviour Change Programs' (Spring, 2013) Ending Men's Violence Against Women and Children 3–12. Family violence is a significant problem in Australian society. In 2012, an estimated 17 per cent of women and 5.3 per cent of men had experienced physical violence and an estimated 25 per cent of women and 14 per cent of men had experienced emotional abuse by a partner.1 Family violence causes a great degree of harm. On average, at least one woman a week is killed by a partner or former partner in Australia.2 Of those women who experience violence, more than half have children in their care.3 It has been estimated that violence against women and their children cost the Australian economy $13.6 billion per year.4


An approximate equidistance is established for disintegration energies E/sub x/ of the even-even (ee) isobars into fragments, one of which is a fixed charged particle (cluster) x. Here the deviations observed are caused by the shell structure of the nucleus. By means of extrapolation or interpolation of this regularity we calculate the values of E/sub p/, E/sub 2//sub p/, E/sub ..cap alpha../, or E/sub 0 in order to estimate the possibility of the 2p decay.


The descriptions of the following new species are based upon a small collection received from W. DOCTERS VAN LEEUWEN, Director of the Botanic Gardens, Bui tenzorg, Java, under date of February 27, 1925. In addition to the new species described below, it is interesting to record the occurrence .of the Indian ScfJizomyia assamensis FELT on Rubus moLuccanus at Buita,Lorg, originally recorded on Rubus assamensis, SchilIong, Assam. It will be noted that several species have been tentatively referred to certain genera, although subsequent studies may justify the erection of a genus for one or more of these species .. It should be noted, that l11uch has yet to be learned of the gall midge fauna of the Orien t. Dasyneura tetrastigma n. sp.


Advances in functionality and reliability of carbon nanotube (CNT) composite materials require careful formulation of processing methods to ultimately realize the desired properties. To date, controlled dispersion of CNTs in a solution or a composite matrix remains a challenge, due to the strong van der Waals binding energies associated with the CNT aggregates. There is also insufficiently defined correlation between the microstructure and the physical properties of the composite. Here, we offer a review of the dispersion processes of pristine (non-covalently functionalized) CNTs in a solvent or a polymer solution. We summarize and adapt relevant theoretical analysis to guide the dispersion design and selection, from the processes of mixing/sonication, to the application of surfactants for stabilization, to the final testing of composite properties. The same approaches are expected to be also applicable to the fabrication of other composite materials involving homogeneously dispersed nanoparticles.


The work presents the results of a research work developed in cooperation with a third part logistics company operating in Calabria (South Italy) in the field of the beverage distribution. The paper focuses on a supply chain design problem; the main objective is to select new supply chain customers trying to minimize the impact on the service level provided to the actual customers. In particular the authors take into consideration three different routes within the actual distribution scenario (a route has to be regarded as a multi-drop mission performed by a single vector and serving multiple customers), testing for each route the potential addition of a certain number of new customers and observing the effects on the service level.


Rather than considering legal and judicial arenas as the mere surface of the weighty social processes that shape European integration, this article contends that they are actually one of the essential spaces where the government of Europe is being produced. To account for this paramount role played by law in EU polity, two hitherto unexplored research paths are followed. First of all, a socio-historical perspective focuses on the critical junctures at which Law has been formalized as a science of European government providing critical devices for integration. Second, a more sociological stance is taken in relation to the functioning of the ''European legal field'' (ELF). A preliminary inquiry leads to its characterization as weak, with porous internal and external borders. This article argues that this weak autonomy is what makes it strong and influential when it comes to shaping the representations and principles of EU government.


1. References to solidarity are currently on the increase in public discourse. In the UK and beyond, during economic crises and in a political climate where many feel that mutual assistance has lost currency, calls for a new and forceful emphasis on the meaning of solidarity are increasingly heard. Such appeals to solidarity are inevitably linked to ideas about how societies function, and about how and where the boundary between individual, familial, communal and societal spheres of responsibilities should be drawn.


The finite difference forward modeling has been widely used in geophysics exploration and petroleum fields. Because of its high efficiency and easy application for GPUs, it has been widely concerned by industry and academia. However, due to many factors, the problem of numerical dispersion has been an important factor hindering this method. In order to overcome the numerical dispersion, this paper proposed a method for removing numerical dispersion using deep learning. Unlike the conventional optimized algorithms target to optimize the finite difference coefficients, our strategy is based on big data training to eliminate the dispersion data after seismic data modeling. We design a neural network architecture based on cycle consistent generative adversarial networks (Cycle-GANs) and residual learning for elastic wave propagation. Under the premise of not significantly increasing the calculation time, we can obtain higher calculation accuracy. Compared with the high-order finite difference algorithm, the calculation time is the advantage of our proposed deep learning method. Tests prove the efficiency and stability of our proposed algorithm.


Our recent work in embedded FPGAs has been focused on a soft IP approach where programmable fabrics are described at the RTL level and implemented using the ASIC digital flow and generic standard cells. Early results showed significant penalties in area, delay, and power overhead. However, using tactical standard cells and a structured physical design approach within such a flow, we were able to obtain large savings in area and delay. We defined this new approach as soft++ eFPGA. This paper provides details of the physical design flow, with particular emphasis on floor-planning, interconnect-planning, and clock tree synthesis. The advantages of our approach in handling larger circuits are demonstrated on a set of realistic benchmark circuits implemented in 180nm and 90nm CMOS process technology


While travelling from one point to another in an unknown region, a user will come across many factors that would affect the move. If this move is in a threatened region, the factors affecting the move will be related to terrain and the situation. Thus, the information required for the move will be both natural and situational. Conventionally this information has to be analysed and converted to an optimum route. This would be based on analyzing the capability and experience of the individual. The natural or terrain factors can be known in advance and the situational factors have to be factored in dynamically. If the region is hilly, the slope will be the deciding factor for the shortest path along with the type of ground and the time of the move. Hence, natural factors have to be dovetailed along with situational factors to arrive at an optimum path. The intricate relationship between risk and time can be analysed with the help of the Risk-Time model. The relationship between all the factors being discussed can be found using a probabilistic model of the Bayesian network.


The present invention relates to the industrial synthesis of compounds of formula (I): Wherein R R The invention also Perrin also relates to the compounds of the synthesis acceptable salt thereof ruffled and chemical agent to the application.


The failure of normal hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) could be induced by a variety of mechanism such as the alteration of property of hematopoietic stem cells and stem cell niche. However, it has not yet been clarified precise mechanism how MDS stem/progenitor cells could replace normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells especially regarding involvement of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). To gain insight into the mechanism of stromal dysfunction, comparative analyses of transcriptomes were conducted between normal and MDS/AML-derived MSCs. Further, we attempted to identify certain effectors originated from MDS/AML cells could alter the function of bone marrow (BM) MSCs. The MSCs derived from healthy volunteer (HV)-derived (normal) and MDS/AML-derived stromal cells were established and analyzed mRNA expression by quantitive PCR (qPCR) array. Additionally, the supporting activity of MSCs for BM CD34+ progenitor/stem cells was examined using serum free coculture system. The interaction between MDS/AML cells and MSCs were evaluated by using Boyden Chamber and the changes of mRNA expression were analyzed. The results of qPCR array revealed that the expression of hematopoietic factors was drastically altered in MDS/AML-derived MSCs as compared with normal MSCs. Among these factors, the expression of SCF and JAG1 mRNA were significantly and consistently reduced in all MDS/AML patients examined. Functional assay of these MSCs demonstrated that the number of colony-forming units (CFU) mixed cells (MIXs) and cobblestone area-forming cells (CAFCs) derived from CD34+ cells was significantly reduced after coculture with MDS/AML-derived MSCs as compared with normal MSCs. Even non-contact culture using Boyden Chamber between leukemic cells and MSCs induced the reduction of SCF and JAG1 mRNA, indicating that certain inducers could be soluble factors. Interestingly, this effect of transcriptomes alteration was negated by nSMase2 inhibitor (GW4869). Exosome transfer assay using Boyden Chamber revealed that GFP and PKH26 in leukemic cells transmit onto MSCs in non-contact coculture system and this transfer of exosome was significantly inhibited by GW4869 or nSMase siRNA. The multiple type of microRNA in exosome derived from MDS/AML cells was transferred into MSCs, suggesting that exosome could contribute to the alteration of mRNA expression in stromal cells. Collectively, these results indicated that exosome derived from MDS/AML cells could be involved in the reduction of SCF/JAG mRNA and the stromal supporting activity of normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


TasA protein of Bacillus subtitlis was reported to have a broadspectrum of antibacterial activities. The TasA open reading frame (ORF) was PCR-amplified from A6, and cloned into pMD18-T. Sequence analysis of the clone indicated that the TasA ORF consists of 786 nucleotides, and shared 99.24% homology at nucleotide sequence, and 100% identitiy at amino acid sequence between it and the published gene TasA (corresponded with 143163∼143948) from Bacillus subtilis (Accession No:Z99116). The nucleotide sequence variations were base transitions (A/G or C/T substitution), and occurred on their third base of the codons in the ORF. The second structure and the amino acid sequence of TasA protein were predicted by using the software (http://npsa-pbil.ibcp.fr/cgi-bin/secpred_mlr.pl). In order to understand the molecular function of TasA protein, the TasA gene was cloned into expression vector pET-TasA, and expressed in E. coli BL21. A unique 33kD fusion protein product was detected by SDS-PAGE, which indicated the TasA protein was expressed correctly in E. coli BL21.


Titanium dioxide nanofibers with diameter ranging to several nanometers were synthesized via electrospinning technique. The precursor solution was prepared by mixing the polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP (MW-l,300,OOO) in ethanol, meanwhile titanium tetraisopropoxide, TTIP in acetic acid was slowly added into the solution under a vigorous stirring. The precursor solutions were then used in the electrospinning process under high voltage supply. As-spun nanofibers were heatted. under different temperature 400°C, 500°C and 600°C. The TiO2 nanofibers were characterized by using ,scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer Emmett-Teller (BET) and X-raY .diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that the heat treated Ti02 nanofibers consist of anatase and rutile phases. As the calcination temperature increased (400-500C), the anatase phase are greater than rutile phase and specific surface area are decreases while the calcination process influenced the nanofibers diameter.


The purpose of this study was to determine whether distinct subgroups of children with learning disabilities could be identified using a single, recently developed instrument—the Differential Ability Scales (DAS). Ward's method of cluster analysis was used to group 83 school-verified children with learning disabilities from the standardization sample. The following six subgroups were identified: (a) generalized, (b) high functioning, (c) normal, (d) underachievement, (e) borderline, and (f) dyseidetic. Not all subgroups displayed the expected discrepancy between intelligence and achievement associated with the current definitions of I.D. In subsequent discriminant analyses, both achievement and diagnostic subtests were necessary for accuracy in classification. This study provided evidence of the DAS's ability to diagnose the learning disabled differentially and provided distinct profiles for LD subgroups. Administration of the diagnostic subtests along with achievement subtests can provide the clinician with valuable diagnostic information for LD.


Recently, the development and deployment of dedicated hardware can hardly keep pace with the increasing complexity of the network functions. With the performance improvement, the maturity of virtualization technology and many open-source network projects (such as DPDK), the general-purpose multi-core processors (multi-core CPU) have been widely used in network field. Network operators are migrating network functions to multi-core CPU for flexible development and dynamic deployment. Network programming interfaces on multi-core CPU not only provide general packet processing services but also shield the complex implementation of software and hardware for developers. Both network application requirements and implementation mechanisms of the underlying platform have significant influences on the development of network programming interfaces. In this paper, we first review the development of network programming interfaces and classify programming interfaces by information model, resource management mode, and development model. We then analyze the programming interfaces provided by Click, VPP, and mOS, respectively. Because 5G and data center networks require high programmability and performance, and software/hardware co-processing become popular packet processing architectures, we also propose future research directions, including application-defined semantics of control blocks, software/hardware dynamical reconfiguration, and multi-dimensional event management.


Effects of resveratrol on antioxidant parameters and meat quality in the serum,muscle and liver of broilers were investigated to provide the theoretical basis for the development of a new oxidation-resistant and meat quality-improving green feed additive.Two hundred and forty broilers were randomly allotted to four groups,each group,with six replicate.Broilers were fed the basal diet plus 3 levels(0.05 %,0.10 % and 0.20%) of resveratrol in the treatment groups,and the basal diet in the control group.The trial lasted for 7 weeks.The detected indexes included T-SOD(total-superoxide dismutase)activity,T-AOC(total-antioxidant capacity)and MDA(malondialdehyde) contents in serum,muscle and liver,and the indexes of meat quality.The results indicated that compared with the control,T-AOC and T-SOD activity in muscle and liver increased significantly(P0.05) and MDA content in muscle and liver decreased significantly(P0.05) in 0.20% resveratrol group.T-AOC in serum climbed significantly(P0.05) and MDA content in serum droped significantly(P0.05) in 0.10% resveratrol group.In addition,0.1% and 0.2% resveratrol treatments could delay the decline of pH,polish up muscle color,reduce shear force of muscle and improve muscle tender.


This article focuses on the viewpoints of the most prominent representative of Central Asian Jadid movement Mahmudkhoja Behbudiyon the progress of national language, the lexicology and commands of Uzbek language.


Pulse compression always is one of the most key technology in radar system. A high speed real time digital pulse compression (DPC) system is provided, which is completed by one FPGA chip type Xc2v500. Three channels Radar signals′ DPC are realized at the same time in the system. A hardware share structure is proposed which can reduce the hardware resources. The block floating point arithmetic method to improve the precision is applied. Also through the method of parallelism, the computation speed is enhanced. It can complete the pulse compression of three channels with 512 points complex signal within 96.23μs.


The first lecture describes the conflicts between the combined standard model (minimal electroweak and solar) predictions and the results of solar neutrino experiments. The second lecture discusses the possibilities for detecting with solar neutrinos ``smoking gun'' indications of departures from minimal electroweak theory. Viewgraphs and related data are available at this http URL .


This study investigated the radiation dose received by patients referred for barium meal (BaM) examinations at three state hospitals in the Western Cape, South Africa (SA). Twenty-five participants (male and female patients) aged between 18 and 85 years and weighing 50 to 85 kilograms (kgs) were included in the study. The radiation dose to the participants was measured using a Dose-Area-Product (DAP) meter permanently fitted to the fluoroscopy equipment at the selected health facility sites. Measurements were done on digital fluoroscopy (DF) and conventional fluoroscopy (CF) units. The third quartile and median DAP values were 20.1 Gycm 2 and 13.6 Gycm 2 respectively. The median DAP value (13.6 Gycm 2 ) is recommended as the diagnostic reference level (DRL) for BaM examinations because this value is less affected by outlying values of under or overweight [1] . The relationship between DAP and patient weight, fluoroscopy time (FT), the number of images recorded, and the employment of DF or CF units, are discussed.


1 The antibacterial activity in vitro of dihydro‐1,3‐oxazine derivatives with aromatic rings condensed in positions 5, 6 was examined. 2 Of more than thirty compounds examined, two (T 615 and T 638) showed marked activity against various strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at concentrations below 2 μg/ml. 3 These two compounds also showed marked activity against Escherichia coli, Clostridium pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi. 4 Both showed marked activity in vivo against tuberculosis produced in mice and guinea‐pigs by various strains of Mycobacterium such as human strain 'Sz', bovine 'An 5' and H37Rv non‐resistant and resistant to isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), streptomycin (SM) and p‐aminosalicylic acid (PAS).


This study uses a combination of machine-learning and fine-tuned qualitative analysis to explore the online disinhibition effect in Twitter-based discourse around #BlackLivesMatter. Our analysis shows that uncivil tweets in the nonmobile dataset are twice as likely to be overtly racist and challenge Black Lives Matter. And in both nonmobile and mobile tweets, uncivil language is deployed in a variety of ways that are sometimes consistent with how we understand the online disinhibition effect, but sometimes not. As such, this study advances our understanding of instances where actors indulge in the more harmful forms of disinhibition such as personal attacks, vulgar language, and hate speech, which are often termed "toxic disinhibition." In sum, these findings add nuance to the way we understand the online disinhibition effect and responds to a vital gap in the existing body of knowledge.


In this digest a review of various current control strategies in a bidirectional isolated DC to DC converter is shown. Average current control, peak current control and predictive current control is proposed for the single phase topology. A comparison between the controllers is shown with simulation results and experimental verification.


Environmental criminal law can and should include negligent dangerous crime.The characteristics of environmental legal benefit,the importance of negligent dangerous crime,the serious social harm of negligent dangerous act and the urgency of protecting the environmental benefit in our country have jointly decided that negligent dangerous crime should be included in the environmental criminal law.Since negligent dangerous crime is not against the restraining principle of criminal law,or the permitted risk theories or the provisions of the criminal law,its inclusion in the environmental criminal law is feasible.If negligent dangerous crime is to be included,its guilty range should be limited with reasonable punishment and legislative model.


This paper discusses the design problem of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for the inertial platform stabilizing circuits. The stabilizing circuits require good characteristics of quick speed, strong anti-jamming and high accuracy. The classical control methods always make compromise with these items. In this paper, the ADRC control rules are designed. The simulations show that the capability of tracking and resisting the disturbance in stabilizing circuits is highly improved by using this method. The reliability and dynamic accuracy of the platform are also improved.