The plasmid ARpl contains a sequence called amal; amal appears to confer the ability to replicate autonomously. The amal sequence is an inverted repeat of about 6kb in size and consists of two 3kb arms separated by a 345bp unique region. The unique central region and one complete arm of the amal insert has been sequenced, (Chapter 3). The amal sequence appears to consist of Aspergillus genomic DNA and rearranged pUC-like DNA. No recognisable ARS sequences were found in amal, but amal does contain A/T rich regions. Northern blots suggest that amal is transcribed not at all frequently. The involvement of the amal sequence in plasmid transformation frequency, instability and plasmid rearrangements was studied using subclones of ARpl, (Chapter 4). The results suggest that no single identifiable amal region is responsible for either enhancing transformation frequency or plasmid maintenance. The Chapter 4 results indicate that some component of pUC8 plays a role in the autonomous replication of Aspergillus plasmids. ARpl plasmid DNA isolated directly from Aspergillus transformants has been photographed using Electron Microscopy techniques, (Chapter 5). The results indicate that ARpl is present in Aspergillus in monomeric, dimeric, trimeric and tetrameric forms. A number of amal-like sequences have been identified in an Aspergillus cosmid library, constructed by Brody. These sequences have been investigated, (Chapter 6). Cotransformation experiments with some of these amal-like sequences suggest that these sequences are capable of promoting autonomous replication. The ARpl-derived amal sequence was used as a probe to isolate similar sequences from Penicillium chrvsoaenum and Cephalosporium acremonium. (Chapter 7). Three such sequences were isolated from Penicillium. These sequences were called pamla. pamlb and pam2. Transformation experiments with these sequences suggest that these sequences are capable of promoting autonomous replication in both Penicillium and Aspergillus. Similarly, ARpl-derived amal subclones give rise to autonomously replicating plasmids in Penicillium. ARpl-derived amal subclones were used to clone the argB. niaP and nirA genes from wild type Penicillium via cotransformation with fragmented genomic DNA, (Chapter 8). This technique has been called The Instant Gene Bank, (Gems, 1990). Fungal transformants grown on selective medium were obtained, but in all cases it was not possible to isolate plasmid DNA containing the genes of interest.


Search engines are great allies in our daily educational tasks. However, usually, these tools are prepared only for factual learning and are less effective when dealing with more complex learning tasks. Thus, in recent years, Searching as Learning (SAL) research area has been developing from proposals that target the main challenges involving learning during the search process. The effectiveness of educational technologies in providing appropriate instructions depends directly on the input information. Gathering information on what should be taken into account in a search as a learning process can support the development of specialized search engines to support learning. Therefore, we performed a systematic mapping of the literature in order to gather this information, raising the dimensions and their associated variables.


The paper is concern with an explanation of the dynamics of population growth as well as increased urbanization on waste management in urban Centres in Nigeria. The position of the paper is that waste generation in urban centres; especially emerging metropolis like Yenagoa is the development of economically marginal people and ecologically marginal areas. This is so in that the city is usually seen as a place of opportunity. As such, migration to such places is in anticipation of greener pastures and white collar jobs. The moment these are dashed, growing interaction especially in commercial activities calls for social survival. By virtue of this, economically marginal people engage in menial means of social existence by extension generate and degrade the environment with waste. It is further argued, that the problem of waste management is further reinforced by the insincere approach of constituted authorities to waste management. In many cases, contracts awarded for waste management in the city is more or less a political settlement. Hence funds meant for general purpose of waste and waste management ends up in private bank accounts. The methodology of the work is basically a review of extant literature, and theoretically, the paper is anchored on Durkheimian theory of dynamic density. The paper recommends a strict monitoring system of waste management in emerging cities in Nigeria.


A variable time interval is detected by a time-dependent servo band to determine the lateral position of a servo read head. The servo band is arranged in a sequence of blocks with non-parallel servo bands sequentially in adjacent sub-frame of a linear magnetic tape. The time intervals include at least a first time interval (A) between a first pair of non-parallel servo bands of a subframe; and a variable time interval (C) between a pair of non-parallel servo bands between the first time intervals (A), wherein the servo bands of the variable interval of the sequentially adjacent sub-frames comprise a second servo bands of the first pair and a first servo bands of a sequentially subsequent first pair. In position signals is conditions where the first and the second time interval involved.


The purpose of this study was to find out how the implementation of multicultural-based character education in the formation of students' superior personalities at MAN 3 Jombang, using the observation method, data analysis techniques using surveys and interviews. 3 Jombang, one of which is in BK learning, that is, most students can comply with all madrasa rules and regulations and also in this counseling guidance students can also understand their environment and solve problems and can socialize well according to the rules that apply at school.


SUMMARY: Poly(4-vinylpyridine) bearing an osmium complex was alternately assembled with poly(acrylic acid) on a gold substrate via hydrogen bonding. UV-Vis spectra were used to monitor the assembling process. X-ray diffraction patterns and AFM images showed that the multilayer film is of high quality with low surface roughness. The properties of electrodes modified with such a film were characterized by means of cyclic voltammograms, which strongly depended on the architecture of the layered assembly.


This is not to say, however, that Colonel Langlois does not lean to certain theories. He agrees with Messrs Hovgaard and Fossum in believing that the discoveries of Leif the Lucky and of Karlsefni belong to two different regions. The Vineland of Leif, he prefers to think, was somewhere in the neighbourhood of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, whereas he places the Hop of Karlsefni on the south-east coast of Newfoundland. On the whole, he prefers to follow Messrs Hovgaard and Fossum rather than writers such as Messrs Steensby, Gathorne-Hardy, and Nansen. It is rather remarkable that in the section dealing with the archaeological evidence, Colonel Langlois makes no reference to the Kensington runestone found in Minnesota, but perhaps he considered this to fall outside the scope of his book. As is usual with works published in France, the book has no index, but only a Table des mati•res. One wonders why French scholars are so unwilling to provide adequate indexes for their books, s:nce they must suffer from the absence of indexes more than anyone else. It is a curious fact that the French of Canada have acquired the art of indexing, while the French of Old France have not. W.S. WAI. I.ACE


Rivers are among the world's most modified ecosystems, with poor water quality representing a prominent problem for over 200 years, especially in urban areas. In Western Europe, however, industrial decline, tighter regulation and improved wastewater treatment have combined over recent decades to create conditions conducive to extensive restoration and positive biological change. Here, we evaluate the river macroinvertebrate fauna of England and Wales in relation to water quality, physical habitat and climate over almost two decades. We predicted that biological recovery would be characterized by: (i) greater taxon richness and prevalence of pollution‐sensitive taxa, (ii) larger changes in more heavily urbanized catchments, and (iii) temporal trends in assemblage structure that correlated with improving water quality. Family level richness increased on average by nearly 20% during 1991–2008, accompanied by a widespread shift towards taxa characteristic of well‐oxygenated and less polluted waters. Changes were largest in the most urbanized catchments. A combination of natural gradients and anthropogenic pressures explained the variation among sites, whereas temporal changes correlated with improving water quality and variations in discharge. Positive trends were not universal, however, and there was localized deterioration in some streams draining upland areas and in the lowland south east. Our results are consistent with a large‐scale ecological recovery of English and Welsh rivers since 1990, probably continuing a trend from the mid‐20th century. Based on these results, we suggest: (i) freshwater communities are resilient to long‐term anthropogenic pressures, (ii) biodiversity benefits can arise from investment and long‐term restoration intended largely to enhance ecosystem services such as drinking water and sanitary concerns, and (iii) long‐term monitoring data collected for statutory purposes–based in this case on nearly 50 000 samples–can address scientific questions at spatial and temporal extents seldom achieved in research programmes.


Children's Trust of South Carolina conducted a qualitative investigation in 2018 to explore the factors that contribute to the definition of success for individuals who experienced as children disadvantage and trauma, also known as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). As the leader of the South Carolina ACE Initiative (Children's Trust, n.d.), Children's Trust was interested to learn from individuals who grew up in South Carolina in order to gain a better understanding of the role played by our state's unique cultural, social, and environmental contexts in their childhoods and how that helped shape their resilience and well-being. The goal was to inform our future efforts within the initiative.


The role of xylem sap flow as an aqueous pathway for oxygen supply to the wood parenchyma of Betula pubescens saplings was investigated. Using micro-optode sensors the oxygen status of the sapwood was quantified in relation to mass flow of xylem sap. Sap flow was gradually reduced by an increasing oxygen depletion in the root space. The effect of sap flow on radial O 2 transport between stem and atmosphere was assessed by a stoichiometrical approach between respiratory CO 2 production and O 2 consumption. Restriction of sap flow set in 36.5 h after the onset of O 2 depletion, and was complete after 71 h. Interruption of sap flow drastically increased the O 2 deficit in the sapwood to 70%. Sap flow contributed about 60% to the total oxygen supply to the sapwood. Diurnal O 2 flow rates varied between 3 and 6.3 nmol O 2 m -2 leaf area (LA) s -1 during night- and daytime, respectively. Maximum O 2 flow rates of 20 nmol O 2 m -2 LA s -1 were reached at highest sap flow rates of 5.7 mmol H 2 O m -2 LA s -1 . Sap flow not only affected the oxygen status of the sapwood but also had an effect on radial O 2 transport between stem and atmosphere.


Inhibitors of PARP1, a member of the family of human poly-ADP-ribose polymerases, are presently in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Here, interactions between PARP enzymes and a panel of potential low molecular weight inhibitors from a focused compound library were studied using Biacore T200 (GE Healthcare), firstly for screening, confirmation and ranking of hits based on binding selectivity and affinity. This was then followed by detailed kinetic profiling of the selected leads on Biacore T200 to help explain differences in affinity and to provide information on binding mechanisms. Data are compared with results from analyses of the same interactions using differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF), a fluorescence-based binding assay used to identify low molecular weight compounds that interact with proteins. In assays performed using Biacore T200, it was possible to differentiate potential inhibitors of target proteins based on their interaction profiles despite binding to highly similar active sites. Further, weak binders selective for specific target proteins were easily identified. DSF, while suitable for the identification of high affinity compounds, was unable to reliably identify weak binders in this study, or to accurately rank compounds based on affinity.


Practical skill evaluation and examination is a critical part of health care professional education. The present article analyzed the existing problems in the current practical skill examination in China. The grading system, which was based on the student rank by examiners′ panel discussion, has therefore been proposed by the authors. The advantage and matters need attention of this grading system were discussed in this article.

Key words:
Educational measurement; Evaluation, studies; Practice and skill; Reform


Human papillomavirus (HPV) refers to a group of viruses which belongs to a larger group, commonly referred to as papillomaviruses. These viruses ar...


The effects of heavy doping and donor (acceptor) size on the hole (electron)-minority saturation current density JEo JBo , injected respectively into the heavily (lightly) doped crystalline silicon (Si) emitter (base) region of n p junction, which can be applied to determine the performance of solar cells, being strongly affected by the dark saturation current density: Jo JEo JBo , were investigated. For that, we used an effective Gaussian donor-density profile to determine JEo , and an empirical method of two points to investigate the ideality factor n, short circuit current density Jsc , fill factor (FF), and photovoltaic conversion efficiency η, expressed as functions of the open circuit voltage Voc, giving rise to a satisfactory description of our obtained results, being compared also with other existing theoretical-and-experimental ones. So, in the completely transparent and heavily doped (P-Si) SCIREA Journal of Physics http://www.scirea.org/journal/Physics July 15, 2019 Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2019


Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease, but responses to exercise tests with different disease severity have not been investigated. PURPOSE: To examine whether cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise tests differed among persons with PD who have different disease severity. METHODS: A retrospective review of the results from treadmill exercise tests from 41 persons with PD who underwent a symptom limited treadmill exercise test using a modified Bruce protocol. Thirty (73.2%) subjects were male and 11 were female (26.8%). The average age was 69.1 year with average of disease duration of 7.9 years. Fourteen subjects were in Hoehn and Yahr (HY) severity stage 2, 15 were in HY 2.5, and 12 were in HY 3. Resting heart rate (HR), resting blood pressure, maximal heart rate, maximal blood pressure, exercise duration, and METs achieved were compared among the 3 severity stages. RESULTS: Subjects in the HY 3 were older than the HY 2.5. Resting heart rate was lower in the HY 2 compared to the HY 3 and resting systolic blood pressure was higher in HY 2 compared to the HY 2.5. HR increased significantly in all three stages. Systolic BP increased significantly in the HY 2 and 2.5, but not the HY 3. Diastolic BP did not increase in any stage. The 3 severity stages were not different in exercise duration, heart rate and blood pressure responses, maximum percentage heart rate achieved, and METs achieved. Fatigue was a main reason to discontinue the test. There were no fall incidents in any of the tests. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise tests in persons with different severities of PD were not different. Results demonstrated that treadmill exercise tests were safe to perform in persons with PD.


Hard shoulders on motorways have a very low efficiency. They are used in exceptional situations only. By using them as an additional lane during rush-hours, a significant increase in capacity can be obtained. To avoid compromising safety, additional measures have to be taken. This paper describes some of the effects of using rush-hour-lanes and the detection and incident management technology involved to use the hard-shoulder safely. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


The increase in the number of prisoners in Australia has led to an increase in issues of homelessness, especially in the case of remand prisoners who are not included in pre-release and transitional programs. Indigenous Australians and women continue to be a very vulnerable prison groups that faces even tougher homelessness problems.


This paper describes a classroom simulation of the FOMC meeting designed for an upper-level monetary economics class. This is a role-playing exercise in which students are assigned various roles as individuals or as groups that directly or indirectly participate in the FOMC meeting and in the conduct of monetary policy. As the semester progresses, lectures explain central banking, monetary policy making and effects of money supply in the economy. Concurrently, the students research different aspects of the U.S. economy and prepare the green book, the blue book and the beige book. By the end of the semester, the FOMC meets and deliberates over the information gathered by various groups, determines the course of the overall economy and takes a decision on the monetary policy action.


A global potential energy surface for the lowest quartet state of HN2 is reported for the first time from accurate multi-reference ab initio calculations extrapolated to the complete basis set limit using the double many-body expansion method. All its stationary points are characterized, with the lowest quartet of HN2 predicted to have a bent global minimum 36 kcal mol-1 below the N(4S)+NH(X̃ 3Σ-) asymptote, from which it is barrierlessly achievable. The entire set of calculated ab initio points has been fitted for energies up to 1000 kcal mol-1 above the global minimum with a rmsd of 0.89 kcal mol-1, a gap comprising all identified stationary points. Special care is taken in modeling the involved long-range for ces, and cusps caused by crossing seams. The novel PES will prompt for the calculation of rate constants for several unexplored reactions that are relevant for combustion, plasma and atmospheric chemistry.


The polymeric organic matter of the River Rhone and its fate in the deltaic zone were studied using Curie-point pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This approach allowed differentiation between the allochthonous and autochthonous components of the suspended particles. Contamination between the allochthonous and autochthonous components of the suspended particles. Contamination of the waters, possibly originating from the industrialized Golf of Fos was evidenced in some surface-water pyrolysates. The suspended matter in the benthic nepheloid layer had a similar fingerprint to that observed in riverine suspensions. The abundance of polysaccharide-derived compounds in the layer and in the river suggested that these molecules could be involved in flocculation processes when fresh and saline waters mix


FIELD: blasting operations. SUBSTANCE: pyrotechnic composition for colour fire for fireworks and celebratory gunfires comprises colour-generating nitrate oxidizer - barium or strontium nitrate 60-68 wt %, magnesium powder 13-15 wt %, polyvinyl chloride as a colour enhancer 13-15 wt %, PTFE-4 1-3 wt %, and phenol-formaldehyde resin 5-7 wt %. Phenol-formaldehyde resin is used in the form of 70% solution in alcohol-acetone mixture of 70:30, respectively. The achieved result consists in improvement of quality indicators of the purpose on saturation and brightness of the flame colour, which provides a high colourful effect of fireworks, celebratory gunfires, increases the range of visibility and distinctiveness of colour signals. EFFECT: optimisation of quantitative composition and hardening of pyrotechnic articles, compressed at low specific loads of technological composition safe in production and processing, with a significant reduction of external friction forces when hard pressing of functional tablets. 2 cl, 2 tbl, 5 ex


Many physicians have discovered that blogging is a great way to build community with others in healthcare, share their opinions and successes, and vent.


The isoxazoline 3 was prepared by the [3+2] cycloaddition of the nitroderivative 1 [1] with methyl vinyl ketone 2 under Mukaiyama conditions [2].[...]


Selective Laser Melting (SLM) has great potential in additive manufacturing methods because it allows producing full density complex parts with desired inner structure and surface morphology. Mechanical properties of SLM objects depend strongly on the material properties as well as strength of the connections between tracks and layers since all objects made by SLM are superposition of the single tracks and single layers. High temperature gradient as a result of the locally concentrated energy input can lead to residual stresses, crack formation and part deformations both during laser processing and after cutting objects from the substrate. X-ray diffraction method was used for investigation of residual stress in SLM samples from 316L steel fabricated by one-zone strategy with 50% overlap of the tracks. Samples had rectangular shape and different thickness: 50 m (one layer), 0.2 mm (5 layers) and 1 mm (25 layers). All as-made samples attached to the substrate had the tensile stress. Normal residual stress along the scan direction was 1.2-1.7 times higher than perpendicular direction. In some areas residual stress was about and exceeded the yield strength of 316L wrought material.


Wingko Babat is one of the specialties of Semarang. Consumer's interest towards wingko babat is big, so many wingko seller have sprung up in the city of Semarang. One of the famous business of wingko babat is wingko babat "NN MENIKO". Competition among wingko businesses increasingly stringent, it is behind their problems that happen to drop in the level of sales in this business. The evidence is shown by the low eagerness to do the purchasing decisions towards wingko babat "NN Meniko". This study aims to test empirically and analyze the influence of price, product quality and brand loyalty towards purchasing decision wingko babat "NN Meniko".
The population in this research is the consumer who buys wingko babat "NN Meniko". By using the technique of sampling, i.e. accidental sampling, determines of samples randomly. Analytical tools used in this research are multiple Linear Regression. Before doing the regression tests, test validition is done beforehand, the test reliability and test the assumptions of classical.
Research showed that price, product quality and loyalty brand shows positive influence and significant towards the decision purchase. Product quality is the most biggest variable of influence towards purchasing decision made by consumers. The next variable that influence is brand loyalty and the most smallest influence towards purchasing decision is the price variable


Welding distortion emerges in three-dimensional seam welding.The teaching-playback robot can not correct the deviation real-timely by itself.Therefore,it is necessary to correct the deviation during welding process real-timely.Based on ARM9-S3C2440,by using RS-232 to communicate with welding robot,this control system can adjust the welding traveling path in real-time.It can control the position of the welding torch to get rid of the side effect of hot deformation.Using this control system,it is guaranteed that not only the welding torch moves along the seam center,but also that the contact tube to workpiece distance(CTWD) is equal.In welding experiments,it produces good welding quality.


Background: Takayasu arteritis is a chronic vasculitis often with delayed diagnosis due to the nonspecific presentation of clinical symptoms in its initial phase. Treatment includes imunosuppression drugs. Surgical treatment, when necessary, should be avoided in the acute phase. Objective: To describe clinical, laboratory and vascular findings in Takayasu's arteritis from 1977 through 2006. Methods: The sample was comprised of 36 patients (10 Caucasians, 35 women), mean age of 31.7 (±13.7) years, and significant prevalence in the forth decade (p 60 mm in 50% of the sample (p < 0.005). PCR mg/dL was performed in 18 cases, ranging from 0.4-25 on admission to 0.11-1.9 during disease course. Autoimmune diseases, tuberculosis and HIV correlated in 19.4, 8.3 and 2.7%, respectively. Major aortic lesions were detected in 22.2% (four occlusions, two infrarenal aneurysms, one thoracic aneurysm). Other arteries involved renal, subclavian and one carotid occlusion (19%), and some level of lower limb occlusion (25%). Intima-media thickness was stratified i n≥3m m(41.6%), < 3 and ≥ 1.7 (19.4%), < 1.7 and ≥ 1.2 (8.37%), and < 1.2 mm (30.50%) (p < 0.005). Glucocorticoids were used in 61%, azathioprine in 16.6%, and azathioprine combined with cyclophosphamide in 8.3%. Surgical and endovascular procedures were performed in 30.5%. Two patients died due to cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions: Carotid intima-media thickness, PCR, and ESR are important markers for the follow-up of Takayasu's arteritis. Delay in diagnosis is an important issue for Takayasu's progression, since it may reduce morbidity and mortality rates.


Abstract : The maximum recovery of recyclables from municipal solid waste (MSW) using material recovery facility (MRF) technologies is determined. Two waste streams at Spangdahlem AB, Germany are analyzed; stationary container wastes and commingled recyclables. Three schemes are considered, one for each waste stream, and one for both. Multi-criteria decision making is the methodology. The criteria are recovery and annual benefit minus cost (B-C). Recovery is determined using the recovery factor transfer function of Diaz et al. (1982). Each technology, or unit operation, in a sequence is independent because particle size distribution of each waste component is considered. B-C is based on revenue from sold recyclables, tipping fees saved by not landfilling separated waste, and manual labor and amortized equipment costs. Six unit operations are considered: eddy current separator (ECS), magnet, air classifier, screen, manual sort, and shredder. Sequences one to six operations long are considered. Three heuristics eliminate 42,179 of 55,986 potential sequences as infeasible. The result is domination by a MRF to process both wastes and a tradeoff between 35.7% recovery of the total at an annual B-C of $0.95 million and recovery of 35.6% at an annual B-C of $1.02 million. Hand sort recovers the most, and is economical.


This corrects the article "Factors affecting health information resources in central libraries at Iranian universities of medical sciences" published in 2022: Volume 11, page 18 (doi: 10.34172/ rdme.2022.018). The first affiliation in the original version has not been written in the correct format. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the article.


And its been not much surprise that the prokaryotes have close alliance with eukaryotes because it apparently evolved from them [1]. Myriad microbial niches in nature forms exceptional microbial communities due to their interaction with habitats [2]. It led to a tremendous diversity of prokaryotes which essentially dominate and exploit all available microenvironments. Coevolution partnership among animal-microbe partnership is ubiquitous from immunity, behavior, fitness, metabolism host development, speciation, circadian regulation and evolution. Lynn Margulis coined the term "holobiont" a combination of host, its microbiota and biotope [3].


The application of ″Task-driven″teaching method can raise the students ability to study and operate inde-pendently as well as the ability to analyse and solve the problems.It can also stimulate the students'interests in their studies,and meanwhile,improve their skills in coporation.


Seven trial comparisons examined the effect of therapeutic vitamin C (3249 episodes). No consistent differences from the placebo group were seen in the duration or severity of colds. Authors' conclusions The failure of vitamin C supplementation to reduce the incidence of colds in the general population indicates that routine prophylaxis is not justified. Vitamin C could be useful for people exposed to brief periods of severe physical exercise. While the prophylaxis trials have consistently shown that vitamin C reduces the duration and alleviates the symptoms of colds, this was not replicated in the few therapeutic trials that have been carried out. Further therapeutic RCTs are warranted. P L A I N L A N G U A G E S U M M A R Y Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold The term 'the common cold' does not denote a precisely defined disease, yet the characteristics of this illness are familiar to most people. It is a major cause of visits to a doctor in Western countries and of absenteeism from work and school. It is usually caused by respiratory viruses for which antibiotics are useless. Other potential treatment options are of substantial public health interest. Since vitamin C was isolated in the 1930s it has been proposed for respiratory infections. It became particularly popular in the 1970s when Nobel laureate Linus Pauling concluded from earlier placebo-controlled trials that vitamin C would prevent and alleviate the common cold. Over two dozen new trials were undertaken thereafter. Vitamin C has been widely sold and used as both a preventive and therapeutic agent. This review is restricted to placebo-controlled trials testing 0.2 g per day or more of vitamin C. Regular ingestion of vitamin C had no effect on common cold incidence in the ordinary population. However, it had a modest but consistent effect in reducing the duration and severity of common cold symptoms. In five trials with participants exposed to short periods of extreme physical stress (including marathon runners and skiers) vitamin C halved the common cold risk. Trials of high doses of vitamin C administered therapeutically, starting after the onset of symptoms, showed no consistent effect on either duration or severity of common cold symptoms. However, only a few therapeutic trials have been carried out, and none have examined children, although the effect of prophylactic vitamin C has been greater in children. One large trial with adults reported equivocal benefit from an 8 g therapeutic dose at the onset of symptoms, and two trials using five-day supplementation reported benefit. More trials are necessary to settle the possible role of therapeutic vitamin C, meaning administration immediately after the onset of symptoms.


Background Laboratory and in vivo test results greatly influence diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it is essential to select appropriate tests in the diagnostic process and keep in mind that each test can produce false positive and false negative results. The selection of an optimal test requires a thorough understanding of the concepts delineating the efficacy of a diagnostic test such as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and likelihood ratios for a positive and negative test.1


In the years following German unification, researchers' attention has been attracted mainly by the rapid fertility decline in eastern Germany. This has often resulted in neglect of regional fertility differentials within Germany, which reach much further back in time than those currently observed between the 'old' and the 'new' Lander of the Federal Republic. This paper provides an overview of studies investigating regional fertility differences in post-war western Germany. Additionally, results of an analysis of official statistics for western German Kreise (districts) in the period 1995–97 are presented. Geographical patterns of high- and low-fertility areas are detected, which have remained basically unchanged by the general fertility decline of the late 1960s and early 1970s. Consistent with findings from earlier studies, population density, family migration and the local occupational structure are still found to be closely associated with regional total fertility rates in the 1990s. The paper concludes with a call for more multilevel studies that –theoretically as well as empirically –link regional social contexts with individual (reproductive) behaviour. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We consider the role of the Schwarzian derivative in controlling global convergence within a sequence of iterative methods in complex analytic dynamics. These dynamical systems are defined by rational functions on the Riemann sphere.We consider maps defined by the methods of Newton, Halley, Schroeder, and others.We prove that Halley's method is the only member in the sequence of iterative methods which we consider that gives an order of convergence equal to three at every simple zero of a rational function.


Physical parameters characterizing solute transport in the Snake River (an acidic and metal-rich mountain stream near Montezuma, Colorado) were variable along a 5.2-km study reach. Stream cross-sectional area and volumetric inflow each varied by a factor of 3. Because of transient storage, the residence time of injected tracers in the Snake River was longer than would be calculated by consideration of convective travel time alone. Distributed inflows along the stream were a significant source of in-stream chemical variations. These transport characteristics of the Snake River were established on the basis of the assumption of lithium as an ideally conservative tracer and use of simulations of advection, dispersion, and transient storage. Evaluations of the validity of this combined tracer and simulation approach lend confidence to the estimation of the physical transport parameters, but further development is warranted for methods of onsite transport experimentation in hydrologically complex, chemically reactive environments.


The asymptotic properties of solutions of the linear degenerate discrete equations Bx_{n+1}=Ax_n (*) on a Banach space are considered, where A and B are closed unbounded linear operators from a Banach space X to a Banach space Y. Using a construction of a subspace L of exponentially bounded solutions, an operator T on L such that x_n satisfies Eq.(*) on L if and only if x_n=T^nx_0, and using results on almost periodicity of discrete semigroups of operators {T^n: n?0}, we obtain criteria for asymptotic almost periodicity of solutions of Eq.(*).


The paper examines the ways in which recent economic growth has been uneven in China and India and what this has meant for inequality and poverty. Drawing on analyses based on existing household survey data and aggregate data from official sources, the authors show that growth has indeed been uneven—geographically, sectorally and at the household level—and that this has meant uneven progress against poverty, less poverty reduction than might have been achieved had growth been more balanced, and an increase in income inequality. The paper then examines why growth was uneven and why this should be of concern. The discussion is structured around the idea that there are both "good" and "bad" inequalities—drivers and dimensions of inequality and uneven growth that are good or bad in terms of what they imply for both equity and long-term growth and development. The authors argue that the development paths of both China and India have been influenced by, and have generated, both types of inequalities and that while good inequalities—most notably those that reflect the role of economic incentives—have been critical to the growth experience thus far, there is a risk that bad inequalities—those that prevent individuals from connecting to markets and limit investment and accumulation of human capital and physical capital—may undermine the sustainability of growth in the coming years. The authors argue that policies are needed that preserve the good inequalities—continued incentives for innovation and investment—but reduce the scope for bad ones, notably through investments in human capital and rural infrastructure that help the poor connect to markets.


The purpose of the present study is to investigate the correlations between acoustic properties, such as speed of sound and normalized broadband ultrasound attenuation, and bone mineral density in femur with high fracture risk. The speed of sound and the normalized broadband ultrasound attenuation in 15 bovine femoral trabecular bone samples in vitro were measured by using a through-transmission method with two matched pairs of ultrasonic transducers with center frequencies of 0.5 and 1.0 MHz. The volumetric bone mineral density of the trabecular bone samples was measured by using micro-computed tomography. The bone mineral density exhibited strong correlations with both the speed of sound and the normalized broadband ultrasound attenuation measured by using the 0.5 and the 1.0 MHz transducers. The highest correlation was found between the bone mineral density and the normalized broadband ultrasound attenuation measured by using the 0.5 MHz ultrasonic transducers. The results suggest that the acoustic properties measured in the femur in vitro can be used as indices for the prediction of femoral bone mineral density.


Module electronic conduction cooled card, which comprises: - a thermally conductive frame (13), and - a circuit board (A) having a front surface (B) carrying electronic components (D), a rear surface (C ) and top, bottom and side edges; being assembled said circuit card to said frame (13) so that said front surface of the frame is in thermal contact with said electronic components (D) and with said front surface (B) of the circuit board at least edge regions (11, 12) thereof adjacent said side edges, and making possible the insertion of the module, via said frame, a chassis cooled module driving an electronic device to transfer thereto, via said frame, heat generated by the electronic components of the module; wherein said circuit board is a convection cooled type, originally intended for mounting on its top a front panel (E) to form a convection cooled for insertion in a convection cooled module chassis.


The function of a cold response regulator gene TBCBF3 on membrane composition was studied. Plasma membrane from transgenic plant Arabidopsis Columbia constitutively expressing CBF3 gene and from control was extracted, membrane lipids and proteins were separated for further analysis. The results show that total lipids, total proteins and phospholipids of plasma membrane increased in constitutively expressing CBF3 transgenic plant by 227%, 190% for totoal lipids, and total proteins, by 105.05% for phophoslipids. This effect is similar to that of cold acclimation, indicates that CBF3 induce the changes of the components in plasma membrane during cold acclimation, and play an important role in this process.


This article proposes a variable selection method termed "subtle uprooting" for linear regression. In this proposal, variable selection is formulated into a single optimization problem by approximating cardinality involved in the information criterion with a smooth function. A technical maneuver is then employed to enforce sparsity of parameter estimates while maintaining smoothness of the objective function. To solve the resulting smooth nonconvex optimization problem, a modified Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) algorithm with established global and super-linear convergence is adopted. Both simulated experiments and an empirical example are provided for assessment and illustration. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.


Dr. Abass Mahgoub Communist is a doctrine based on philosophical basics and thought which has its clear vision in the field of the economy, politics, history and sociology. This aberrant doctrine has tempted a lot of people regarding to their faith in Allah, the Almighty, and what results from that as submission and obedience to Allah, applying his decree in life and exaltation his religion in the world. This aberrant doctrine could mislead a lot of Muslims and non-Muslims and penetrated many countries' constitutions, educational curricula and means of media. Also, it has a high position in some universities and becomes one of the life's theories that is promoted among the naive and simpleminded students and those who pretend to seek for knowledge, semi educated people, workers' communities and student and women's associations.


Maintaining low power consumption is critical in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. With packet transmissions and retransmissions consuming much of the energy resources in wireless networks, it becomes important to minimize the number of transmissions associated with the end-to-end delivery of packets. Power-aware routing algorithms must balance the advantages and disadvantages of selecting to forward packets over shorter high-quality links against selecting longer and less reliable links.

This paper proposes a new power-aware geographic routing technique that combines geographic greedy routing with probabilistic random walks to recover from local minima (i.e., cases when the forwarding node is not aware of any neighboring node providing "greedy" progress towards the destination). Building upon previous power-aware protocols without recovery mechanisms, our protocol uses simple distance metrics that combine information about the individual reception rates between node pairs and the relative forward progress candidate nodes provide towards the target destination. The combined metrics are used to make greedy choices (when at least one node provides progress) and probabilistic choices (when the packet recovers from a local minimum). Using simulations we show that power-aware routing significantly reduces the energy consumption in the network, and our probabilistic recovery mechanism can significantly increase the delivery rates with only a small decrease in energy efficiency.


【In Korea association of health promotion(KHAP) there are fourteen laboratories in branch offices and one laboratory in headquarter office. To standardize the reference ranges of all laboratories of KAHP, they have been newly calculated from the laboratory data perfomed during the previous yearsby statistical metod annually for the period of 2000 through2003 so far. The referance ranges of total 56 test items were assigned. Among these there were eight test items that needed referance ranges by age groups and nine test items that needed reference rages by gender. The age grouping was into six groups : baby (0-3y), children(4-12y), adolescent(13-18y), adult(19-64y), younger elderly(19-64y), older elderly(over 80y) with references of statics in Medical Informatics and WHO classification. All the data collected were statistically analyzed with SAS 6.04 for Gaussian distribution that had been repeated two or three times after trimming out the the tests showed Gaussian distribution. Subsequently, Thereference ranges were defined in the rage from the point of lower 2.5% to the point of higher 97.5%. And in case the lower range could be "0", the reference ranges were defined in the range of 0 to 95%. Fifteen laboratoried troughout Korea of KAHP currently have standarzed reference rages of the tests that they perform. This means the patient data and reference values an be exchangeable among laboratories of KHAP.Annual revise of such reference rages can eventually lead to the level of those representing a standard of the national reference ranges.】


The professional qualification certificate system is an important content for the state labor employment system and one of the state examination systems in specific form as well. The technical level or professional qualification of the laborers is objectively, justly, scientifically and normally assessed and appraised by the state -appointed appraisal organizations according to the professional technical standards or post-holding qualification conditions.All the qualified people will be awarded corresponding state-issued professional qualification certificates. There are five grades for Chinese cooking technicians and their professional qualification certificates, that is, primary grade, middle grade, high grade, technician and high-level technician.


OBJECTIVE
To determine messenger RNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin- (IL)-1beta from cultured equine smooth muscle cells (SMC).

SAMPLE POPULATION
Segments of palmar digital artery harvested from 6 clinically normal adult horses.

PROCEDURE
Explants were collected from the tunica media of arteries for primary culture of SMC. Equine mononuclear cells were used as control cells. Subcultured vascular SMC and control cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (20 microg/ml and 100 ng/ml, respectively). Northern blot analysis with equine-specific probes for COX-2, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta was performed, using isolated total cellular RNA.

RESULTS
Although no message was detected for IL-1beta or TNF-alpha in control or endotoxin-exposed equine vascular SMC from all horses, COX-2 underwent a distinct substantial up-regulation after endotoxin exposure. Endotoxin-exposed equine mononuclear cells had up-regulation of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mRNA.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Increased expression of COX-2 mRNA by equine vascular SMC may be an important early pathophysiologic event in the onset of endotoxemia in horses. Potentiated local vascular production of various prostanoids after increased expression of mRNA for COX-2 may result in vasoactive events observed with laminitis.


The third International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation (ICCMA'19) focuses on reasoning tasks in Abstract Argumentation. Submitted solvers are tested on a selected collection of benchmark instances, including artificially generated argumentation frameworks and some frameworks formalizing real-world problems. In this paper we introduce the testing environment set for the competition, including its problems and participants.


The course in basic ideological,ethical and legal principles is often plagued with excessive theoretical exposition,insufficient related practice and limited methods of examination.To correct this situation and improve teaching quality,common study groups may be formed to facilitate teaching and management.A discussion is presented on the significance,principles and strategies of the formation of common study groups.


Summary
Two foals were admitted for neurological signs after trauma. Clinical and diagnostic investigations were performed that were suggestive of closed head trauma characterised by right parietal bone deviation (ping-pong fracture), cerebral contusion, haematoma and cerebellar contusion. The histopathological findings were consistent with areas of abnormal signal found on magnetic resonance investigations.


In Ebola patients, selenium aids in regulating blood clotting and possibly assist in coagulopathy properties of the Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the Selenium levels of people living in Beni, DRC and whether there is an association between Ebola vulnerability and selenium deficiency.This was a case control study with cases being Ebola virus disease survivors and controls were their contact persons during the time of infection. Students t-test were computed to determine if there exist a significant difference in the population means selenium levels in the case group and control group. Logistic regression analysis model was fitted into the data to determine the association between selenium deficiency and vulnerability to EVD adjusting for demographic and socio-economic factors.The mean difference in selenium levels of non - survivors was higher than that of survivors. A t-test conducted suggested that this difference in mean was statistically significant with p-value less than 0.05 (0.00181). The odds of getting infected by Ebola while having normal selenium levels, is 3.47 (confidence interval, 1.30 - 10.21) times higher than when one has high selenium levels after adjusting for all other covariates as mentioned above.There was a statistically significant relationship between Ebola vulnerability and selenium deficiency.


Two or more types of organisms may be present with different antibiotic susceptibilities. Thus, in one patient a faecal streptococcus was present, sensitive only to streptomycin; Proteus, sensitive only to chloramphenicol; and a staphylococcus which was insensitive to chloramphenicol. In these circumstances the use of a single selective antibiotic may make matters worse by removing one type of organism and so facilitating the growth of others. It may be better to reduce the whole mass of infection by the use of a quaternary ammonium compound such as cetrimide or domiphen bromide for cleaning the meatus. The alternative is to use a suitable combination of antibiotics. In infections due to one organism or organisms with similar antibiotic susceptibilities, various antibiotics, at one time or another, have their uses. The tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, neomycin, and polymyxin-B sulphate are most favoured, the last-named being effective against Ps. pyocyanea (Farrar, 1954). A French antibiotic, soframycin, now under trial, which is active against staphylococci, pseudomonas, proteus, and to a less extent against streptococci, seems to have a promising future. The use of sulphonamides, streptomycin, or penicillin is inadvisable because of the tendency of these substances to sensitize the skin. In order to prevent patients developing a sensitivity to valuable systemic antibiotics, it is inadvisable to use them for local application, and, where possible, antibiotics should be used which are not normally employed systemically. The risk is also avoided of the emergence of strains resistant to antibiotics used systemically. In this respect, neomycin and polymyxin-B are useful, and soframycin also seems most promising. A large mass of dry wax cannot be removed from the meatus with the oil treatment. From time to time various preparations containing benZine are advocated as efficient solvents of dry cerumen. They are good solvents, but they tend to enter the ducts of the secreting glands and may damage them. As the skin glands are probably at fault in any case, it is unwise to risk damaging them further. It is often the safest course to use the syringe to remove wax when the tympanic membrane is intact. It is advisable to instil oil into the meatus daily for several days before syringing. The patient lies with his meatus filled with oil for five minutes and then mops up the excess on rising. The patient is informed of the commoner sources of infection and is instructed in the need for adequate personal cleanliness. The nasal vestibule may also have to be treated if bacteriological investigations indicate that it is the probable source of contamination. The nasal vestibule is naturally contaminated by air-borne organisms and may also be contaminated from other parts of the body by the fingers. Any itchy, infected, or eroded skin lesions on other parts of the body should receive treatment at the same time. The hands and nails must be kept clean and the nails kept short. Investigation should be made to uncover any underlying anxiety state. Everything possible must be done to prevent scratching of the meatus and contamination by the fingers. In difficult cases 1% hydrocortisone ointment, applied twice daily, is often highly effective as an antipruritic application. It can also be applied in combination with the appropriate antibiotic, usually a tetracycline, neomycin, polymyxin-B, or soframycin. An evening dose of a barbiturate or of promethazine hydrochloride is often advisable while the itching persists.


The vibrational frequencies and 1 H and 13 C chemical shifts of choline halides have been calculated using density functional theory (B3LYP) method with 6-311++G(d, p) and 6-31 G(d, p) basis set level in Gaussian 03 and Parallel Quantum Solutions (PQS) ab initio packages programs, respectively. The calculated optimized geometric parameters, vibrational frequencies and chemical shifts were seen to be a very good agreement with the experimental data. The electronegativity influence of the halogen substitutions on the vibrational frequencies and chemical shifts have also been investigated. It was observed that the chemical shifts for H nucleus, especially the most near nucleus to the halogen atom decrease while it increases for C nucleus. The roughly linear variation of the chemical shift with the electronegativity of the halogen, whatever the shielding for C nucleus or deshielding for H nucleus is, has been commented that the local electron density near the halogen atom is affected.


An analytical forward modeling algorithm was developed for the efficient application to the geotechnical engineering in SASW (Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves) method. for the theoretical dispersion curve, the finite difference method using motion stress vector, which was proposed by Aki and Richards, was employed and verified with two earth models. For the stable and fast calculation, it was found that the model size depending on the frequency range is suitable times bigger than the wavelength.


The purpose of the study is to analyze modern domestic and foreign publications, devoted to the study of factors of professional risk and consequences of mental disadaptation in rescuers and medical workers in emergency situations. Materials and research methods. The publications' analysis was performed using the PubMed database, electronic scientific library eLIBRARY.RU, open access statistical reporting data, as well as official websites of relevant scientific journals. Combinations of specific terms related to emergency services, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental maladaptation and professional risk factors of extreme professions, including medical ones, were used. Results of the study and their analysis. While performing their service duties, rescuers and medical workers, acting in conditions of emergency with numerous human and material losses, being exposed to the threat to their own life, health or psycho-emotional condition, face a variety of critical incidents. As the number of lived traumatic situations and events increases, individuals involved in rescue operations are at higher risk of developing the pathology known as post-traumatic stress disorder. Throughout the relevant scientific literature, there is a consensus that health care workers in emergencies are at increased risk for high-level stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, addiction, and PTSD, which can have long-term psychological consequences. The specialists developed and implemented new methods and approaches to support medical specialists participating in the liquidation of medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies; substantiated the need for normative legal regulation of psychophysiological examination of personnel during periodic medical examinations, which will allow to maintain "health of the healthy".


Few studies have explored the clinical features in children infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 and other common respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Influenza virus (IV), and adenovirus (ADV). Herein, we reported the clinical characteristics and cytokine profiling in children with COVID‐19 or other acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI).


Resumen en: In the classic Stroop effect, the time spent to name the color of an incongruent stimulus (GREEN in blue) is longer than the time necessary to name the c...


This paper studies the impact of diverse carbon emission regulations on optimal operation decisions by exploiting the economic production lot model of a multi-manufacturer system in a low-carbon environment. The optimal production planning for multiple enterprises in terms of cost optimization and carbon emission optimization are presented in various scenarios of the fully decentralized system under carbon taxation, cap and trade, and mandatory carbon cap. We prove a unified framework for modeling the scenarios enabled by carbon tax and cap-and-trade policies. Furthermore, the decision vector of the optimal production lot is obtained by analyzing the joint decision scenario based on shared carbon emission caps. We give a comparative analysis of two settings of fully decentralized and carbon quota sharing. The results show that the decision of joint production and stock preparation can reduce the total operational costs of the multi-enterprise system, but the realized carbon emissions may not change or only increase slightly. Our study provides a useful reference for government carbon emission regulation and enterprise operation decision optimization under carbon neutrality and a carbon peak environment.


WHEN he rose to give the Harveian oration at the Royal College of Physicians Dr. Macdonald Critchley reminded those present that it was the two hundred and fifty-eighth time that fellows of the College had met in amity to commemmorate William Harvey. Explaining why he had chosen to speak on the "Divine Banquet of the Brain," he recalled that this was the topic of Harvey's third Lumleian Lecture given to the College three hundred and fifty years ago. Harvey was then thirty-seven years of age, and the College met in its second home at Amen Corner, which had been leased . . .


A method of sensing the jammed dunnage conversion machine for, said method comprising the steps of: (a) converting a stock material into a relatively less dense dunnage material, said material having a gasket along the the length of dunnage material characteristic varies; the feature (b) sensing the dunnage material; (c) generating a signal based on the sensed characteristic varies; (d) monitoring the generated signal over time ; and (e) when the change in the signal generated during a predetermined period is less than a predetermined amount, which will indicate the motion of the material is insufficient to generate a control signal. The control signal may be used to shut down the conversion process, thereby minimizing the degree of jam conditions.


A circuit breaker, in particular a double-acting double-break type circuit breaker, comprising: - a cross member (11), in contact with the opposite ends of the pins (12); - C-shaped contact socket (13), which is aligned so as to correspond to the pin (12), to pass along (a) to be inserted into a circumferential trajectory relative to the first axis of rotation transverse member (11) of the receiving pins (12), a first axis of rotation ( a) substantially transverse to the cross member (11); - a transverse member (11) of the holder (14), holder (14) for defining a first axis of rotation (a) transverse member (11), and a second rotation axis (B) which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal member (1); - means (15) for a transverse member (11) about the first rotation axis (A) of rotation, driving pins (12) off from the engagement converter configuration to the socket (13) in the engaged configuration and vice versa, and for a transverse member (11) about the second rotation axis (B) rotates to drive pins (12) from the active pins (12) contactor (16) with the receptacle (13) fixed contactors (17) is converted to a decoupling configuration coupled configuration and vice versa. Stationary contactor (17) in two separate zones (18a, 18b) electrically connected to a receptacle belonging to (13) support arms (20a, 20b), and with respect to two regions (18a, 18b) in the middle and two portions (19), and the stationary contactor (17) into (16) adapted to contact the movable contact having a substantially equal current intensity is adapted to conduct a relatively conductive arms (21a, 21b).


This study presents results of laboratory investigations into superplasticized concretes that have high water-to-cement (w/c) rations. Two series of concrete mixes totaling 18 were made at a w/c ratio of 0.65 and a slump of 50 mm (2 in). Various dosages of different superplasticizers were added to the mixes after completion of the initial mixing and then mixed for 2 min. Initial setting times, increases in slump, and subsequent slump loss with time were recorded. A number of test specimens were cast to determine mechanical strength and freeze-thaw durability. The incorporation of super-plasticizers in concrete did not significantly affect initial setting time. The large increases in the slump of superplasticized concrete and its loss with time were found to be functions of the dosage rate of the superplasticizer used. At the recommended dosage rates, the 28-day compressive strength of the test specimens cast with and without vibration were comparable to or greater than those of the control specimens. In the superplasticized concretes, the bubble-spacing factor ranged from 0.254 to 0.432 mm (0.01 to 9.917 in), compared to 0.254 mm for the control. In spite of the increased bubble spacing, the freeze-thaw durability of test prisms cast from the air-entrained super-plasticized concretes at the end of 300 freeze-thaw cycles compared favorably with those cast from the air-entrained control mix.


1. The excitation system, at least one touch events on the device with a capacitive and / or resistive input interface, characterized in that it comprises at least one layer of electrically non-conductive carrier, the surface of which are located the touch region in the form of geometric figures and which is in contact with the input interface; wherein as the plastic carrier material can be used, paper, cardboard, glass, cloth, or a combination of these materials.2. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that on the support and / or the device shows a part of information relating to management areas kasaniya.3. The system of Claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that the geometric shapes and / or lines are implemented by additive or subtractive sposobami.4. The system of Claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrically non-conductive medium further comprises a conductive uchastki.5. The system of Claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of layers of electrically non-conductive carrier is contacted with the input interface combination, settling, in particular, adjacent to each other and / or one above drugim.6. The system of Claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that on the carrier and / or input interface bodies upravleniya.7 provided. The system of Claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier or on its surface is provided with at least one device pozitsionirovaniya.8. The system of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier comprises a visual or tactile controls, selected from the group, which are implemented as:. a. a modified surface structure of the support material; b. relief and / or embossing on the carrier; c. other materials; d. printed areas; e. notches; f. vysechek on the carrier


Objective To evaluate the biomechanical properties of a new type of the bidirectional latch external fixation device.Methods Seven intact human tibial specimens(control group)were used to make midpiece fracture models,each of which was tested in 8 groups(test group) on the basis of different bone gaps(0,10 mm) and the bone-rod gaps(10,25,40 and 55mm).During the experiment,axial compression,torsion,anterior-posterior bending and medial-lateral bending were performed with BOSE.The rigidity of each bone-fixation combination was calculated and statisticly analyzed.Results The rigidity of control group in axial compression,AP bending,ML bending and torsion were significant with regard to 4 kinds of rigidity of test group.The differences of the bone gap(0mm,10mm) induced a significant change in the rigidity of axial compression,torsion,AP bending and ML bending(P0.00),but not in the rigidity of torsion(P0.05).There was no interaction between 2 factors with regard to 4 kinds of rigidity(P values are 0.054,0.527,0.819,0.065 respectively).Conclusions The stability of the new type of the bidirectional latch external fixation device is favor to meet the special biomechanical needs.


Dalamitros, A.A., Manou, V., & Pelarigo, J.G. (2014). Laboratory-based tests for swimmers: methodology, reliability, considerations and relationship with front-crawl performance. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 9(1), pp.172187. Monitoring training process in swimming is essential for providing valuable information for both coaches and athletes. Among a large variety of laboratory-based tests used for the quantification of swimmers abilities and evaluation of fitness status, the most representative and easy to apply ones are chosen to be presented in this review. Furthermore, these tests reliability, methodology, referred considerations and relationship with front-crawl swimming performance are reported. Based on the previous mentioned criteria, the assessment of aerobic, anaerobic power and muscular strength, are analyzed. From the data examined, it is concluded that despite their reliability and efficacy in determining adaptations after a training period, as well as, detecting differences between athletes' training status, laboratory-based tests assessing aerobic, anaerobic power and muscular strength for swimmers does not


Stock in rationality seems banefully low these days, hovering somewhere around the level of the Euro. Surveys seem to indicate that many Americans have no more regard for rational thinking than they do for feng shui, relegating logic to "one way to think about things" when making decisions. Numerous studies show that people repeatedly violate the basic principles of rationality.1.


Crisis planning is an important strategy in turbulent times, and particularly important for industries such as tourism which may be one of the most susceptible and vulnerable to crises. As a key element of the tourism industry, the accommodation sector is also prone to internal and external shocks, and thus needs to address these problems through effective crisis planning. However, there is a distinct lack of research into this area. Most studies in the accommodation industry are concerned with crisis response or recovery rather than proactive crisis planning, and follow a descriptive case study research design. Therefore, in order to bridge the research gap, this study offers a perspective on accommodation crisis planning by incorporating the theories of strategic management, crisis management, organisational behaviour and social psychology. The study aims to evaluate the current level and nature of crisis planning by managers in the accommodation industry in Australia, and to identify factors that influence crisis planning behaviour in this industry. A conceptual framework, the Onion Model of Strategic Crisis Planning (OMSCP), was developed to examine the key factors influencing crisis planning, including individual psychological factors, organisational factors and environmental contextual factors. It contributes to theoretical advancement in the field of crisis management through a systematic and holistic approach. A quantitative survey method was used to achieve the research aim. Main data analysis techniques included Chi-square tests, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Pearson correlation, path analysis, and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). In order to audit the current level and nature of crisis planning in the accommodation industry in Australia, this study developed the 20-item Crisis Planning Checklist and the 7-item Crisis Planning Considerations. In the sample of 386 managers surveyed, three-quarters of respondents indicated that their organisations had undertaken crisis planning activities in the past six months. Some similarities were discovered in the focus of crisis planning implementation in the Australian accommodation industry, for example, while the highest priority was placed on Life Safety, Direction and Control obtained the lowest level of consideration. There was also some variance in the priority of the seven considerations among different accommodation groups. The operators in the higher star grading, larger, older, or hotel accommodation placed more emphasis on Exercise, whilst the operators in the lower star grading, smaller or younger accommodation placed more emphasis on Review and Update. This study also provided evidence that crisis planning helps organisations become crisis prepared. Secondly, this study examined relationships between organisational factors and past crisis planning behaviour using Chi-square tests. Results demonstrated that accommodation crisis planning was influenced by organisational factors, such as accommodation category, star grading type, organisation size and age. The accommodation that had hotel category, higher star grading and large size usually had higher levels of crisis planning implementation and, hence, a higher perceived level of crisis preparedness. Results indicated that increasing organisational age was associated with increasing crisis planning implementation; however, increasing age was not associated with increasing crisis preparedness. Thirdly, this study examined relationships between individual factors and managers' behavioural intentions to undertake crisis planning using path analysis. SEM results indicated that attitude, subjective norm, and past crisis experience made significant contributions to the prediction, while perceived behavioural control did not affect intention. The relationships among the belief-based measures (behavioural beliefs, normative beliefs, and control beliefs) and direct measures (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) as well as intention were also examined using correlation analysis, providing comprehensive information about the considerations involved in the managers' decision to undertake crisis planning. Finally, this study evaluated relationships between organisational factors and individual factors using ANOVA tests. Results indicated that star grading was associated with attitudes; accommodation category and organisation size were associated with subjective norms; and accommodation category, star grading and organisation size were association with perceived behavioural control. Data on these relationships were useful in determining which factors influence accommodation crisis planning and offered suggestions for accommodation operators interested in increasing their crisis preparedness. This study concluded that crisis planning should be treated as a part of the organisation's overall strategy; smaller organisations can replicate large organisations and learn about crisis planning activities to improve their crisis preparedness; and industry associations and government stakeholders have a potential role as mentors for identifying benchmarks for crisis planning and developing appropriate policies to advocate strategic crisis planning. The findings of this study also provide evidence to suggest that the Onion Model of Strategic Crisis Planning (OMSCP) was useful to understand and explain crisis planning in the accommodation context, and that this would be a useful model for further research in this area.


In the era of big data, gathering data becomes increasingly cheaper, and more and more different types of data is capable to be collected and stored. Accordingly the traditional user independent service provisioning is no longer satisfying. Further performance improvement can be achieved by making use of the collected personalized data. In this paper we pursue predicting user preference given the personalized data. A Bayesian Graphic Model is proposed accordingly. Because of the nature of proposed model, there is no closed form solution for optimization of model parameters. An iteratively expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is therefore employed for model training. Furthermore, a Monte Carlo method is also used to simplify the calculation in the expectation step. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, a MovieLens [1] data set is used and the experimental results show that the performance of the proposed approach has a significant performance improvement comparing with the traditional method.


This survey paper is intended to provide an overview of the main ad hoc paradigms that can be applied to disaster response networks, highlighting their applicability to important tasks in disaster relief operations. In this way, we also review the main works found in the literature which employed ad hoc networks in disaster scenarios. Finally, we provide open challenges and future research directions based on what has already been proved and what is still requiring further research.


In the era of Industry 4.0, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widespread in occupational settings. Since dealing with human safety, explainability and trustworthiness of AI are even more important than achieving high accuracy. eXplainable AI (XAI) is investigated in this paper to detect physical fatigue during manual material handling task simulation. Besides comparing global rule-based XAI models (LLM and DT) to black-box models (NN, SVM, XGBoost) in terms of performance, we also compare global models with local ones (LIME over XGBoost). Surprisingly, global and local approaches achieve similar conclusions, in terms of feature importance. Moreover, an expansion from local rules to global rules is designed for Anchors, by posing an appropriate optimization method (Anchors coverage is enlarged from an original low value, 11%, up to 43%). As far as trustworthiness is concerned, rule sensitivity analysis drives the identification of optimized regions in the feature space, where physical fatigue is predicted with zero statistical error. The discovery of such "non-fatigue regions" helps certifying the organizational and clinical decision making.


Social exchange methods and scope has expanded and diversified due to the development of information and communication in modern society. However, as face-to-face exchanges have been reduced, it has been difficult to form emotional and psychological bonds with people, which have caused social problems of the marginalization phenomenon. In response, the government is emphasizing the communities revitalization and proposing various shared spaces and community spaces in the national policy dimension. One of the government plans is promoting public libraries as community facilities. The purpose of this study is to present the architectural characteristics of public libraries as a bridge for communities revitalization and the strengthening of local identity as a hub of local communities. Public libraries serving as local community hubs within the last five years were selected to derive spatial characteristics through analysis based on the theoretical consideration of the local community, and the ten principles of New Urbanism which show the spatial structure and composition to revitalize communities. Through this study, we aim to confirm the relationship between architectural elements including the composition, arrangement, and materials of physical space, and communities revitalization, the identity of the region. It will also serve as the basic guideline for laying the direction of public library planning as a future local community hub.


Limited knowledge exists on the preferences of people with Type 2 diabetes towards diabetes care. Consequently, these care preferences cannot yet be considered in the development of tailored diabetes care approaches. Therefore, this study aimed to assess care preferences and their determinants in people with Type 2 diabetes.


BACKGROUND: Schwannoma that arises in the jugular foramen (JF) represents an important challenge for neurosurgeons for its precise location, extension, and neurovascular relationship. Nowadays, different managements are proposed. In this study, we present our experience in the treatment of extracranial JF schwannomas (JFss) with the extreme lateral juxtacondylar approach (ELJA). OBJECTIVE: To present our experience in the treatment of extracranial JF schwannomas (JFss) with the ELJA. METHODS: Between January 2013 and January 2017, 12 patients with extracranial JFs underwent surgery by ELJA. All lesions were type C of the Samii classification. Indocyanine green videoangiography was used to evaluate the relationship between the internal jugular vein and the tumor and to control the presence of spasm in the vertebral artery. RESULTS: A complete exeresis was achieved in 9 patients while in 3 patients, it was subtotal. The complete regression of symptoms was obtained in 7 patients with a total resection. The remaining cases experienced a persistence of symptoms. CONCLUSION: The success of this surgery is achieved through a management that starts from the patient's position. We promote an accurate evaluation of JFs through the Samii classification: Type C tumors allow the use of ELJA that reduces surgical complications. Furthermore, we recommend the use of indocyanine green videoangiography to preserve the vessels and prevent vasospasm.


1. The nature of Latin culture 2. The poverty of our ancestral speech 3. The gender of Latin 4. The life-cycle of dead languages 5. The voices of Latin culture.


The experimental study of the developmental mechanics of the birds, and of the higher vertebrates in general, has hitherto been particularly difficult, since it has been impossible to keep the embryos alive in a situation in which the necessary manipulations can be successfully carried out. In the circumstances our knowledge of the subject is practically confined to such aspects as can be investigated by the method of isolation ; that is to say, chiefly to the aspect of self-differentiation.


: "Old Tales Retold" is a collection of Lu Xun's classic short stories, which was adapted into a drama by pioneering director Lin Zhaohua in 2000. Both of them provide deconstructive explanations and breakthroughs in the content and form of traditional novels and traditional dramas. This article attempts to analyze the content and form of the novel and the avant-garde drama "Old Tales Retold" from the perspective of postmodern drama, combining the artistic characteristics of the two works. Formal deconstruction strategies.


Alzheimer's disease has become a great threaten to the human health, which is a great challenge for the global public security. The development of novel anti-AD drug is becoming a hot issue in the area of life and health. During this process the discovery of anti-AD bioactive molecules and leading compounds is the first and key step. The natural products originated from plants are characteristic for their chemical diversity, bioactivity diversity, and multi-target mechanisms of action. Herein we summarized the probable pathogenesis of AD and the chemical structures and biological activities of naturally occurring compounds with anti-AD activity, which will be a reference for the development of anti-AD drugs.


Phase amplitude is a source of signal in magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) experiments but its exploitation in experimental design has been limited due to the challenges of phase wrap. This study addressed this aspect of MRE through new developments in algorithms, heuristic strategy, and user interface.


As a strategic resource, knowledge must be shared across organizational structures in order to increase users' ability to retain it and re-create it. In an organizational context, hackers may convince individuals to share sensitive data with them through social engineering methodologies. This situation may generate dramatic information security issues given that individuals are unprepared to anticipate the security breaches that may emerge from their actions and the potential impact of these infringements on organizations. Based on a systematic literature review, this theoretical study proposes a framework that enables us to better identify the necessary skills users need in order to acquire and securely share sensitive knowledge in their work environment.


We show that the maximal rank of mixed characteristic degenera- tions of abelian varieties parameterized by a PEL-type Shimura variety are the same as the maximal rank of equicharacteristic zero degenerations (of abelian varieties parameterized by the same Shimura variety). As a byproduct, we ob- tain a simple proof of Yasuo Morita's conjecture in 1975 that an abelian variety with additional structures parameterized by a compact PEL-type Shimura va- riety has potential good reductions everywhere.


The use of a compound having the formula: RR''NCH 2CH 2 OH and / or RN (CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2 wherein R is an alkyl group of straight or branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and R ' is hydrogen or an alkyl group of straight or branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms which is the same or different from R, in combination with a biocide for stabilization of a paint stored latex coating uncured sealant uncured or uncured adhesive, at a level between 1000 and 10,000 ppm of the stored formulation.


In this work we present a group of unpublished materials coming from the archaeological excavation carried out in a lot of the Papa Luna street, located in the old quarter of Segorbe. The sequence shows us a Islamic occupation that begins around the XII century, with a Christian age construction superimposed, which will stay, with transformations of the internal structure of the building, until the contemporary time.


Varaksin and Shipitsin (Sov. Phys.: Solid State 27, 1218 (1985)) have recently presented a study of the thermodynamic properties of defects in crystals calculated on the basis of elasticity. They suggested a relation that connects the defect entropy to the elastic data of the bulk material. Furthermore they claimed that this relation is more accurate than that suggested earlier by Varotsos and Alexopoulos (Phys. Rev. B 15, 4111 (1977);24, 904 (1981)). In the present paper we show that the latter relation in connection to the elastic data of NaCl just published by Yamamoto et al. (1987) leads to a value of the formation entropy per Schottky defect that agrees with the experimental one. On the other hand the relation of Varaksin and Shipitsin leads to a value of the formation entropy that drastically differs (i.e., by a factor of around 4) from the experimental one.


Three dimensional numerical models were developed to make prediction free convection heat transfer at steady state condition from radial flow heat sink. The air was considered as the medium of heat transfer. In radial flow heat sink, heat conducts through base in radial pattern and is uniformly transported to the fins. The Tagucy method was used to investigate the effect of several design parameters such as fin length, fin height, number of fins and heat sink base radius on heat transfer. There are five factors and four levels on each factor were chosen. Sixteen types of model were analyzed to obtain total heat transfer for each model. The result was used to estimate the optimum designed values of the parameters affecting the heat sink efficiency. The reproducibility of the optimum design value was verified. The average rate of heat transfer of optimum model was increased by more than 50 % than the reference model. Finally, the heat transfer data of radial flow heat sink were correlated of several outer radius by an equation.


Objective To summarize the experience of isolating influenza virus from MDCK cell, and to optimize the isolation method for influenza isolation and raise the ability of influenza surveillance. Methods Sixtyone cases of influenza viruses positive specimens identified with PCR method by the influenza network laboratory in Xianyang CDC were used to infect the MDCK cells. The influenza viruses-infected MDCK cells were collected and characterized by hemagglutination test and hemagglutination inhibition assay. Meanwhile, different concentrations of glutamine liquid were added to the medium to investigate the effect of glutamine on the growth of MDCK cells.Results Twenty five flu strains were isolated from 61 cases influenza viruses positive specimens, of which 18 were A(H3N2) subtype strains and 7 were A(H1N1) subtype strains. The titer of HA was higher than 1 ∶ 16, and the titer of HI was higher than 1 ∶ 640. The proliferation rate of MDCK cells was low, and the cell activity was also decreased at 48 h after incubation with glutamine concentration lower than 0.1%. Conclusions The influenza viruses were isolated from the MDCK cells. The glutamine concentration is strongly associated with the activity of MDCK cells and cell apoptosis.


Serious liver disease in children is uncommon and patients with all but the most trivial and selflimiting illness are looked after by or in partnership with a specialist centre. Liver disease may be chronic, which implies there is a process which will lead or has led to cirrhosis (irreversible fibrosis with nodular regeneration), or it may be acute, where there is liver dysfunction in an architecturally normal liver. End-stage liver disease is a result of chronic conditions in about 85% of cases. The frequency of the various aetiologies differs between age groups, and this is reflected in the frequency of the causes of end-stage liver disease in patients undergoing liver transplantation (Fig. 1).


Motivated by the Sikorsky Human Powered Helicopter Challenge, an attempt to further study ground influence on a hovering rotor of highl ye lastic blades in extreme ground proximity has been carried out. This study presents two computational approaches for prediction of elastic blade behavior in ground e!ect, using finite element analysis (FEM) for deflections while modeling ground e!ect on a blade element level.The first approach is based on classical blade element momentum theory, correcting for ground e!ect based on empirical models. The second method uses an ewly tailored rigid prescribed wake model alongside blad ee lement analysis. As both methods account for local height o! the ground at each bl ade element, they allow for more detailed insight regarding property distributions along the highly elastic blade in extreme ground e!ect conditions and thus im proved performance prediction capabilities. This study includes experimenta lr esults from both ar igid blade sub-scale set-up and elastic blade full scale set-up, operating in extreme ground


Chapter 1 An Aptitude for Excellence Part I The Framework Chapter 2 We Hold These Truths To Be Self-Evident Chapter 3 Constraints, Discipline, and Happiness Chapter 4 The Illusion of Morality Free Zones Chapter 5 Theory and Practice Chapter 6 Moral Guidance in Human Nature Chapter 7 Experiencing the Natural Law Chapter 8 Sin: Moral Mistakes Chapter 9 Bitter Human Failings Chapter 10 Fundamental Values Chapter 11 Progress Chapter 12 Pursuing the Fundamental Values Chapter 13 Getting It Together Part II Avoiding Corrosive Actions and Promoting Friendship Chapter 14 Drinking and Drugs: Looking Out for Yourself and Your Friends Chapter 15 Sexual Activity Outside of Marriage Chapter 16 Girls, Boys, and Teenagers Chapter 17 Movies, Moms, and Norms for Teenagers Chapter 18 Sex and the Fundamental Values Chapter 19 Moving In and Moving Out Chapter 20 Sex, Artificial Contraceptives, and Children Chapter 21 Sexual Variations and Misdirections Chapter 22 Unnatural Interests Chapter 23 Same Sex Orientation


The our time actualizes the need to study various models of the memory of the past, especially the distressing one, associated with military aggressions and mass repressions of the population, as was the case in 1939–1941 in the "reunited" Western region of Ukraine. The Polish population and Ukrainian right-wing radicals considered that the Nazi Germany and the Stalinist Soviet Union were invaders of Eastern Halychyna and Volyn. The impoverished population believed in their "social and national liberation", the humanity of "proletarian internationalism", however, the massive deportations of Poles, Ukrainians and Jews to Siberia, labor sets for the mines of Donbas dispelled the illusion of a "Soviet paradise", showing the antipeople essence and the cunning of Kremlin politics. The aim of the work is to reconstruct the markers of the politics of memory of the events that are referred to in historiography as "Sovietization of the Western regions of the Ukrainian SSR" in 1939–1941. The methodological basis is the principle of historicism in the unity of all its components, systematic and scientific. Interdisciplinary research is focused on the involvement of historical-comparative and historical-systemic methods, methods of microhistorical analysis. Scientific novelty lies in the continuation of scientific research begun by Ukrainian, Polish and other foreign scientists. Conclusions. It is proved that for eight decades, each new government (totalitarian, authoritarian, post-communist) sought to implement the ideological deconstruction of the national / historical memory of the population of the Western Ukrainian region, to plant new symbolic markings of urban and rural spaces, occurred through the destruction or re-articulation of old places of memory. Despite this, any of them failed to create a shared memory; in society there remained carriers of other shared memories that formed various ideological and political preferences.


There is an information center (CC) in a telecommunications network, and provided a method for its operation, said information center (CC) to a switching center (VST) is connected and both a to the switching center (VST) associated mainframe computer (CTI) as well as at least one includes information desk (AP) with at least one telecommunications terminal. The basic functions (CC) for the operation of the information center can be of several components of the information center (CC) are executed, so that the failure of individual components is not a failure of the entire information center (CC) can result. These include on the one hand the call distribution, both from the mainframe (CTI) as well as the exchange (VST) itself can be carried out, on the other hand, the doubling of the telecommunication terminals including the necessary data transmission paths.


Islamic Boarding school is one of the educational institutions which currently
a lot of attention among the general public, both among the middle class, as well as
the community, is now boarding Jamiyah Islamiyah has won the trust of both the
public and has proven to produce a lot of student who have served the community.
The role of the Islamic boarding school has also given direction and purpose for each
individual students, in achieving its goals and can build their lives in the face of
various challenges and threats to juvenile delinquency, and even has managed to
prove itself to be students of character and akhlaqul karimah.
The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the role of Islamic boarding
school in building the character of young people and the implications for personal
resilience (2) To what extent can the boarding chool increase its role in character
building of young generation to support personal resilience (3) Optimization of in
building the character of young people to support personal resilience.
His study uses qualitative and quantitative methods and analysis that promotes
written text. Researech data obtained from primery data and secondary data. Primary
data obtained from the observations, interviews with caregivers boarding school,
from the principal, while the the secondary data obtained from literature data and
documention.
The finding of this study that (1) the role of boarding school in building the
character of young students in order to support personal resilience is not maximixed
(2) On the other hand the role of bording school in building the character of young
people has been proven, in favor of personal security of students (3) Implementation
of youth character building personal resilience to support students, is running as it
should, but need intensive optimization and the cooperation of all elements of
education, students are expected to have a strong resistance, in the face of threats
come from within and from outside himself, and the school does resistance can be
realized.


Ecological and hydrological aspects of small river catchment management in Nature 2000 site. 'Water Framework Directive' stresses the maintaining of good ecological status of water ecosystems as well as holistic approach to water resources management. The aim of the study was to determine the possibilities of joint management measures of ecological and hydrological management of two small lowland river catchments: Zagozdzonka and Zwolenka rivers, located in central Poland. Both are natural rivers, with lots of meanders and abounding biodiversity of extensive agriculture and forest areas. The fi eld investigations were carried out to describe the habitat preferences of amphibians in two analyzed river catchments and to record the hydrological values of the catchments. During considered period the hydrological condition were above average (more wet) in a sense of rainfall and runoff. During the whole observation period nine amphibian species were recorded: Rana esculenta complex, R. temporaria, R. arvalis, Bufo bufo, Hyla arborea, Pelobates fuscus, Triturus vulgaris, Bombina bombina and Triturus cristatus. The most important species occurring in investigated catchments, listed in II Annex to Habitat Directive that require protection inside Natura 2000 sites are Triturus cristatus and


Objective To analyze the affecting factors and effect of tuberculosis interfering in the poor rural areas in Henan.Methods 1.Establishing and strengthening anti-tuberculosis networks from county to village level. 2.Making it standardization that the management procedure of DOTS. 3. Providing free treatment to communicable tuberculosis patients and serious smear negative cases. 4. Conducting trails in some townships at the beginning, and then extending it after summarizing.Results The cure rate for initial and retreatment smear positive cases is 86.7% and 66.4%, respectively. And the DOTS rate is 71.4%.Conclusion By the implementation of health-Ⅷ project, it is improved obviously that the working condition for the anti-tuberculosis staff. And the technical competence of technicians increased gradually. Also, the cure rate for tuberculosis cases increased.


The lower bound for discrimination information in terms of variation, derived recently by Kullback [7] for the distribution-free case, is sharpened. Furthermore, under a restriction, a lower bound is derived that is sharper than all other existing bounds.


Fortunately, many innovations include elements of more established strategies for which evidence of positive effects does exist. Among these research-supported strategies, one of the most powerful is mastery learning. Few strategies have been implemented as broadly or evaluated as thoroughly during the last 40 years. The core elements of mastery learning also provide the foundation for many innovations and interventions that teachers are implementing in classrooms today.


In recent years, a major object of coating has been to enhance the aesthetic appearance of cars and thereby improve their customer appeal and marketability. Another recent trend has been the expanded use of plastic parts and components to achieve weight reduction, styling improvements and enhanced customer appeal. These moves toward aesthetic improvements and increased use of plastic parts have combined to make the painting of plastic parts a very important technology for the motor manufacturing industry. This paper describes the viewpoints of a painting engineer working for a Japanese motor manufacturer, as follows: (1) Recent trends in plastic automotive parts. (2) Evolution of painting techniques for plastic automotive parts. (3) Painting characteristics of plastics parts. (4) Current state of painted plastic parts (radiator grille, bumper and fascia, aerodynamic parts, etc.). (5) Future trends (development of paints curable at low temperature, integrated painting of motor car body and plastic parts).


As a promising photocatalysis material, TiO2 has long been studied by experimental and theoretical methods. The external strain could affect the catalytic reactivity of TiO2 significantly due to the difference in surface elastic properties of different surface structures with different surface adsorption or defects. This article reviews our recent work by using density function theory calculations on the effect of strain on the TiO2 surface properties, including surface relative stability, surface defects, surface adsorption and dissociation.


The paper is an introduction of classification/distribution of Chinese dialects in Jiangxi province for new edition of Languages Atlas of China.It covers three chapters:1) a sketch of Jiangxi province;2) an introduction of Chinese dialects;Gan,Hakka,Wu,Hui, Jianghuai Mandarin groups and Min or Southwest Mandarin islands in Jiangxi;and 3) a discussion of relationship among these dialects.


Quadratic Discrimination Function (QDF) is commonly used in speech emotion recognition, which proceeds on the premise that the input data is normal distribution. In this paper, we propose a transformation to normalize the emotional features, then derivate a Modified QDF (MQDF) to speech emotion recognition. Features based on prosody and voice quality are extracted and Principal Component Analysis Neural Network (PCANN) is used to reduce dimension of the feature vectors. The results show that voice quality features are effective supplement for recognition, and the method in this paper could improve the recognition ratio effectively.