ABSTRACT Roof bolts are commonly used to provide structural support in underground mines. Frequent and automated assessment of roof bolt is critical to closely monitor any change in the roof conditions while preventing major hazards such as roof fall. However, due to challenging conditions at mine sites such as sub-optimal lighting and restrictive access, it is difficult to routinely assess roof bolts by visual inspection or traditional surveying. To overcome these challenges, this study presents an automated method of roof bolt identification from 3D point cloud data, to assist in spatio-temporal monitoring efforts at mine sites. An artificial neural network was used to classify roof bolts and extract them from 3D point cloud using local point descriptors such as the proportion of variance (POV) over multiple scales, radial surface descriptor (RSD) over multiple scales and fast point feature histogram (FPFH). Accuracy was evaluated in terms ofprecision, recall and quality metric generally used in classification studies. The generated results were compared against other machine learning algorithms such as weighted k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), ensemble subspace k-NN, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), and was found to be superior by up to 8% in terms of the achieved quality metric.


When carrying a backpack with a load, movement activities will cause an impact force that results in a greater loading force. A suspended-load backpack is believed to be a solution to reduce the impact force and minimize muscle workload. However, detailed investigations on how much the suspended-load backpack performance reduces the impact force on the muscle workload have not yet clear. In this research, a scheme for muscle workload evaluation using electromyography (EMG) is proposed to assess the backpack's performance under variation loads (i.e., 0 kg, 5kg, and 10 kg) during running. Parameters for quantifying the EMG signal are time-frequency spectrogram and mean power spectral in the trapezius and erector spinae muscles. The evaluation of muscle fatigue levels based on the mean power spectral of using a suspended-load backpack and a backpack without suspension shows a significant difference at a walking speed of 3 km/hour with a load of 10 kg for both muscle points. At walking speed of 5 km/hour, it is siginificant at loads of 5 kg and 10 kg for the trapezius muscle, and for the erector spinae muscle, it is significant for all load variables. The difference in walking speed and the load applied to the backpack will significantly affect the suspended-load backpack performance and fatigue on the muscles. Also, the measured muscle point can affect the analysis of the significance levels depending on the muscle's characteristics.


The article gives an overview of euphemisms and the means of communication formed in Uzbek speech. Specifically, the interrelated aspects of taboos and euphemisms are expressed, as well as the rational use of euphemisms in terms of speech culture.


A reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and polypyrrole (PPY) nanofiber composite was fabricated using a one‐step redox reaction under UV illumination at room temperature. Graphite oxide (GO) was effectively reduced to RGO without any chemical agent during the formation of the polypyrrole nanofibers. The RGO–PPY nanofiber composite showed four times higher NO2 sensitivity than that of RGO alone. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Task scheduling in grid environment is a typical NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem,and has been the focus which scholars study intensely in recent years.The traditional Min-Min algorithm has the defects such as long task completing time and poor load balance performs,therefore we propose using ant colony algorithm to solve the problem.According to the nature by which that ants can always find the shortest path from the cave to the food source,one task allocation process is abstracted as a path finding procedure of ants allocation and experimental simulation results wene obtained.


Agriculture is a competitive industry which means that economic profits will be close to zero in the long run. That is, market participants can expect an average return for their resources (i.e., capital, labor, and management), where the average returns reflects the risks in the particular industry or enterprise. For example, average returns on money invested in certificates of deposit are considerably lower than average returns in the stock market, but the risk is also much lower. However, almost all agricultural enterprises are also characterized by having a tremendous variance in profitability across producers. Generally, this is true regardless of the type of enterprise we might consider (e.g., dairy, beef, swine, field crops, hay, vegetable crops). Because of the large variation in profitability, the many different people within an industry (i.e., producers, consultants, lenders, educators, input suppliers) constantly are trying to identify those key factors that drive profitability differences between producers. In other words, we all want to identify those traits or management styles that are profitable so we can capitalize on them. Just as important, we want to identify those characteristics or management styles that might be indicators of not being profitable. By adopting management styles and practices that are associated with increased profitability, probability of business survival is improved within a competitive industry. On the other hand, failing to recognize what drives profitability will likely lead to a business failing to be able to compete in the long run and thus the business will eventually be forced to exit the industry (usually after losing considerable amounts of equity).


There are gaps between expectations and realities with respect to sustainability in the forests of Canada. While all forestry agencies have a policy of sustained yield, there is public confusion over what is being sustained, on what area, and for what period of time. Given the scale of forestry in Canada, and the fact of predominantly public ownership of the forest, this is a dangerous situation. At present, the claims of professional managers that sustainability is a reality in the forests do not enjoy public acceptance.There is a tendency, both in the profession and among the public, to speak of sustainability as an absolute. However, there are a multiplicity of features that may be sustained, and there is an infinite number of possible levels at which each of those features could be sustained. It is argued the principle source of confusion lies in the manner in which the concept of sustainability is converted to the reality of what is sustained in a particular forest. Several variants of approach are e...


The principle of operation is given and the construction is described of a compact optical delay line utilizing spherical mirrors. A delay time of 3 μsec is reported. The delay was used in multiframe shadow photography, with a ruby laser beam (1 nsec exposure), of a shock wave in air formed as a result of expansion of a laser jet.


Information systems are increasingly playing a pivotal role towards the integration of manufacturing functions. Several tools and modeling methodologies have been developed to facilitate the design and implementation of information systems for complex manufacturing environments. However, none of the methodologies or tools provide a comprehensive environment that can be used for the information system design from start to finish. The methodologies and tools are incomplete, and are inconsistent with each other. The IDEF (Integrated Computer Aided Manufacturing Definition) provides a set of methodologies that cover activity modeling, relationship modeling, and dynamic modeling that are consistent to each other, but still operate essentially in a stand alone fashion. Several CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) tools have been developed to implement these methodologies. The complexity and size of the manufacturing systems warrant the use of these tools. These tools can significantly increase the productivity of information system designers, but are still lacking in many respects as discussed in this paper. This study attempts to review the current state of the art in modeling methodologies and tools; to compare the existing data models; to explore the functionalities they offer; and to define a set of characteristics that are desirable in a modeling methodology for integrated information system design. The results are from a manufacturing point of view and were derived through case studies in manufacturing environments.


Abstract This article examines Liberal Theology's claim regarding a universal religious experience and George Lindbeck's rejection of this claim. Since a universal religious experience is frequently put forth as the basis for the transcendental unity of religions, the theological debate regarding such an experience is very pertinent to the current discussion of religious diversity. The author argues that neither Liberal Theology's appeal to religious experience nor Lindbeck's rejection of this appeal is helpful. In lieu of a comprehensive theology of non-Christian religions based on an appeal to a universal religious experience, the author proposes a comparative theology as the best candidate for dealing responsibly and creatively with the plurality of religions.


Rice is an important source of carbohidrat in Indonesia, meanwhile rice demand still be a challenge. Because of that we try to explore another local source of carbohidrat, sorghum as alternative food. However, in Indonesia, sorghum has so far been regarded as a minor crop and its research and development remain insignificant. The the study aimed to explore the sustainability of sorghum as alternatif food. As alternative food sorghum has good future and sustain in economic, environment and social side. In economic side, sorghum is quite feasible, eventhough, there are no price certainty or guarantee from government, so that a lot of sorghum farmers switch to cultivate other profitable commodities. In enviroment side, sorghum is adaptable in drought condition and pest attact. In social side, cultivated sorghum is a culture. Farmer has strongly support sorghum as alternative food, base on it's benefit and function. Meanwhile farmer has high level of obstacle in processing procedure, unavailability of processing equipment and people more easily access other sources of carbohydrate.


The article deals with the role of natural and social factors into the forming ecological culture of human and society within three spheres of system society nature: improvement of humanized-wide world, reconstruction of natural and social world in order to optimize the process of nature and society interaction.


The purpose of this study is to improve indoor air quality of the bed-type living barracks. The evaluation of the ventilation effectiveness uses the concentration of carbon dioxide valuation basis of pollutant. It predicts the indoor air quality by the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD). There are three cases to compare indoor air quality forecasts. As a result, carbon dioxide concentration of the bed-type living barracks is less than standard concentration. The indoor air quality improvement about the winter season is required than the summer season that windows open and close frequently.


ABSTRACT This article examines the Catalan and Spanish translations of George Orwell's Homage to Catalonia published by Ariel in 1969 and 1970 (respectively) from two perspectives: that of the censorship files preserved at the Archivo General de la Administración in Alcalá de Henares, and that of the published translations. First, relevant information is provided on the setting in which those translations were published, as regards institutionalised censorship and the reception of Orwell's work under Franco. This is followed by analysis of data from the files and from the texts. Such an analysis allows us to determine in the present case that, whereas the censor's injunctions were mostly followed by the publisher, advantage was also taken of the censor's hesitations to preserve as much of the source text's memorial content as possible in the translations. Results of the analysis are finally linked with general concepts at the interface of translation and memory studies. If translators and publishers are seen as secondary witnesses in accounts of traumatic events, then censors may be regarded as tertiary witnesses, and censored texts as sites of dialectic tension between memory and forgetting.


In this paper, the authors introduce a new class of functions called contra gp*-continuous function in topological spaces. Some characterizations and several properties concerning contra gp*-continuous functions are obtained. Mathematics Subject Classification: 54 C 05, 54 C 08, 54 C10.


Understanding the impact of metal contacts on the recombination within a passivated crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer is crucial for the optimization of various photovoltaic devices such as passivating-contactbased solar cells. In this type of device, the metal contacts are offset from the c-Si wafer surface by additional layers [1]. The latter (1) minimize recombination losses—either by chemically reducing the density of defects at the wafer surface or by increasing the imbalance between the majority and minority carrier density near the surface—and (2) are selective for one type of carrier [1, 2]. An asymmetric population of electrons and holes near the c-Si surface can be obtained by applying a contact layer with a different work function than that of c-Si [2]. Therefore, we expect that the presence of a metal contact forms an extremely thin accumulation or inversion layer close to the wafer surface. This imbalance in concentration of the two carrier types will change the recombination statistics at the passivated surface. Usually, the well-established quasi-steady-state (QSS) photoconductance (PC) technique is used to measure the injection-dependent minority-carrier lifetime (τeff) and to extract the surface recombination current density (J0s). However, the QSSPC technique is not easily applicable to metallized structures due to the dominating conductivity of metals in comparison with the semiconductor conductivity. Several other techniques exist that allow determining the saturation current density at the metallized surface (J0m) [3-5]. Yet, each of them has its own limitations, as discussed in Ref. [6]. Recently, Dumbrell et al. presented a robust and contactless method based on QSS photoluminescence (PL) from which τeff of any metallized structure can be obtained, giving access to J0m [7]. In this study, we use J0m as figure of merit to investigate the impact of the metal work function on the recombination in passivating contacts. N-type Czochralski-grown silicon wafers are passivated by aluminum oxide (AlOx) films with a thickness of 5 or 20 nm deposited by atomic layer deposition. Five different metals were thermally evaporated at the rear side of Structures A and B, as shown in Fig. 1(a). We measured τeff of the samples using the QSSPL method, which enabled us to extract their total surface saturation current density (J0s,total). J0m is then calculated from J0s,total of the metallized samples and J0s of Structures C and D [Fig. 1(b)]. We find that applying metals with a work function smaller than that of n-type c-Si (<4.2 eV) on the 5-nm-thick AlOx passivation layer, J0m values are reduced. This indicates an improvement of surface passivation. This can be explained by an increase in electron density and a decrease in hole density near the c-Si surface related to the presence of the metal. As the density of electrons is much larger than the density of holes, the recombination rate at the interface—which is determined by their product— is reduced. We attribute the change in J0m to the change in the hole concentration near the interface. It is also important to note that negative fixed charges are present in the AlOx layers. These induce a local depletion of the electron concentration at the AlOx/c-Si interface and may thereby mitigate the positive effect of the metal work function. When applying the metals with a work function larger than that of n-type c-Si (>4.2 eV) on the 5-nm-thick AlOx passivation layer, a decrease in the electron density and an increase in the hole density near the c-Si surface is expected. The presence of negative fixed charges in the AlOx layers amplifies this asymmetric population of electrons and holes. Consequently, the recombination rate at the AlOx/cSi interface is reduced. Therefore, we expected that J0m will be reduced in comparison with J0s of the non-metallized reference sample. The high J0m of the sample with the metal work function of 5.22 eV might be attributed to the abnormally poor surface passivation of this sample. The impact of the metal work function on J0m is strongly reduced in the case of thicker passivation layer (Structure B). We attribute this to the reduced charge transfer probability between the c-Si and the metal through the AlOx layer once it becomes too thick. Hence, the asymmetric carrier population induced by the difference in work function between them is not achieved. In summary, we find that J0m increases with the metal work function and that this effect is modulated with the passivation layer thickness. It is more pronounced for thinner passivation layers, which can be attributed to a significant change in the populations of electrons and holes near the silicon surface induced by the metal. Meanwhile thicker layers prevent the charge transfer between the silicon wafer and the metal leading to insignificant changes in J0m. Based on these findings, we suggest that suitable metals should exhibit work function values below that of n-type c-Si—or above for the case of p-type cSi—to benefit from the asymmetric carrier population induced by the metal in passivating-contact-based solar cells. 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 0 5 10 15 20 Without metal Structure A Structure B


high ceiling construction is presented with a display device dot matrix large scale. Opposite glass panels in rows and columns form a transparent outer wall (12) structured as a curtain which extends over the exterior of a building (10). Each panel is installed separately from the terminal parts of the floor slabs to form between them an empty space. a series of modules (22) structured as are available shutter is disposed within the empty space in the rows and columns to form a display area large scale. Each module (22) has a louver-shaped structure formed from a series of posts (24) arranged in a substantially parallel relationship and a series of evenly spaced parallel beams (26) connecting the adjacent posts (24). A series LED lamp (28) are mounted on each beam (26) with a uniform as between adjacent beams (26) separation. Sonexcitados LED excitation circuit arranged in each beam (26). Vertical guide members (44) are fixed to the end portions of the floor slabs (20). The guide members (44) are arranged substantially parallel way so that the modules (22) are supported between adjacent guides (24) on both sides. A series of vertical shelf shaped members (48) are arranged to support the glass panels (12). Vertical guide members (44) are separated from each of the panels (48) by support members (46).


A thermoelastic response that arises in a two-layered wafer under its heating by periodically modulated light beam has been studied theoretically. For the case of piezoelectric detection of the signal an analytical expression for the output voltage of the transducer has been obtained which allows to calculate the amplitude and phase characteristics versus modulation frequency. It is shown that these characteristics vary strongly depending on thermal and elastic properties of both layers.


Plasma oxidation of benzene(C6H6) in oxygen and nitrogen was investigated using the dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) reactor with Al2O3 or Ag/Al2O3 at atmospheric pressure.The relationship of benzene conversion or energy efficiency as a function of energy density was studied.The obtained results showed that C6H6 was oxidized to carbon monoxide(CO) and dioxide(CO2).Furthermore,benzene oxidation mechanism was mentioned.Typically,the energy efficiency at an energy density of 92 J/L was about 0.054,0.038,and 0.024 mol/kWh respectively when there was the occurrence of Ag/Al2O3 and Al2O3 and when there was no occurrence of Ag/Al2O3 and Al2O3.At last,the comparison between our study and obtained results from foreign countries' research for the treatment of air pollutants using non-thermal plasma technology was given.


This paper describes our recent efforts to optimize photo-electrochemical (PEC) etching for fabricating recessed-gate aluminum gallium nitride/gallium nitride (AlGaN/GaN) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). Selecting the proper light wavelength and voltage conditions enabled PEC etching on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures to produce smooth and flat surfaces. Self-termination phenomena observed under optimal PEC condition were useful for precisely controlling the etching depth in the AlGaN layer. Two types of HEMTs, i.e., Schottky-gate and metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS)-gate, were fabricated. A recessed-gate AlGaN/GaN structure fabricated with PEC etching showed positive threshold voltage, and its variation was very small with a standard deviation of only 0.019 V for the Schottky-gate HEMTs and 0.032 V for the MIS-gate HEMTs. A recessed-gate structure with PEC etching showed better current transport controllability with a small subthreshold-slope than that of planar-gate and dry-etched-gate AlGaN/GaN structures.


The Mechanic Settlement Pluton, located at the northern margin of the Caledonian Highlands in southern New Brunswick, is composed of rocks ranging from ultramafic (lherzolite, plagioclase-bearing lherzolite) through mafic (mainly olivine gabbronorite and gabbro) to intermediate (quartz diorite and monzodiorite). Spatial distribution of these lithologies, textural features, and geochemistry are consistent with evolution of a tholeiitic mafic parent magma by crystal fractionation processes, with some evidence for magma mingling between evolved gabbroic and quartz dioritic magmas. The dioritic rocks form most of the southwestern (upper?) part of the pluton, whereas the varied gabbroic rocks with ultramafic layers form the northeastern part. U–Pb (zircon) dating of a quartz diorite sample from the southwestern part of the pluton indicates crystallization at 557 ± 3 Ma. Amphibole and phlogopite in two lherzolite samples from the northeastern part of the pluton gave 40Ar/39Ar dates of 550 ± 5 and 539 ± 5 Ma, re...


In recent years, notably from the 1990s, it was found a high growth in scientific production  of  leisure's studies in Brazil. Considering this increase, also increased the need for development of research to evaluate what is being produced. In this category falls the dissertation work to which this study refers, whose main purpose was present and discuss the knowledge produced by researchers with extensive scientific publication in the field of leisure studies in Brazil: Victor Andrade de Melo, Christianne Luce Gomes and Fernando Mascarenhas.


The secret art of silk culture along with mulberry seeds is presumed to have spread from China to other parts of the world including India through the famous Silk Road. In this study, we investigated a set of 36 important mulberry genotypes (designated as 'breeders' collection') of historical importance that have been frequently used in Indian crop improvement programmes over the last five decades. This study is the first to employ a large number of microsatellite markers (140 screened; 70 used for profiling) to elucidate the diversity, structure and breeding history of mulberry. The cluster and STRUCTURE analysis corroborated with the known genetic relationships and origin. The groupings by STRUCTURE (k= 4) confirm parallel breeding efforts undertaken in the eastern, southern and northern regions of the country. The cultivar 'Mysore Local' shares a common parent with 'Berhampore Local', and this supports the historical records of its introduction from eastern India to the Kingdom of Mysore by the erstwhile ruler Tippu Sultan. The popular variety 'Kanva-2' shared a common male parent with the Japanese variety 'Kousen', supporting the contribution of exotic progenitors in Indian cultivars. The findings of this study will be useful in formulating new strategies for mulberry improvement and reveals the historical events of the introduction and spread of cultivated mulberry in the Indian subcontinent.


To overcome the difficulty of workshop logistics management caused by large production logistics data,the new methods for collecting the production logistics data and extracting logistics status information of work-inprocess from large production logistics data were proposed.Logistics raw data was gathered by using Radio Frequency IDentification(RFID)technology and was transformed to the logistics event.After constructing three logistics matrixes,the logistics event data was input to these matrixes according to the data entry rules.The logistics status information of work-in-process was acquired by analyzing the element value in the three logistics matrixes. Besides,the healthy status of the workshop logistics could be judged by diagnosing the logistics status of stations and materials.The application case for proposed principles and methods was presented to not only guide and assist manufacturing enterprises to utilize the methods better,but also verify the feasibility of the methods.


with a given initial condition x(t 0) at t = t 0 is a time function (waveform) which satisfies both the differential equation and the initial condition. () x t dx x dt τ τ ∞ = − + ˆ () x t x 0 () x t 0 t 0 t ˆ () x x t =


Background: Patients treated for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) are followed by thyroglobulin (Tg) testing with standard Tg assays after a stimulation test (Tg-ST), which is expensive and time consuming. High-Sensitivity Thyroglobulin (HS-Tg) assays are purported to replace Tg-ST; acceptable cutoffs however may vary according to assays and patient population. We aimed to evaluate the HS-Tg assay (Roche Elecsys® Tg II) and apply it to clinical use. Method: Analytical evaluations were performed following CLSI standard protocols. Clinical evaluation was done prospectively on 35 DTC patients subjected to Tg measurements both preand postTg-ST Clinical accuracy performance of HS-Tg was compared to that of conventional Tg-ST protocol utilizing the Siemens Immulite 2000 XPI platform. Results: HS-Tg assay showed an excellent precision (CV=2-3%). The assay reached CV of 11.0% in pooled samples at a mean of 0.048μg/L. HS-Tg results are slightly higher than those from the conventional Siemens Tg assay. HS-Tg ≥ 0.2μg/L showed clinical sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity of 0.81 for predicting recurrence of DTC, which is superior to the Tg-ST protocol using 2μg/L as the cutoff. Two of six patients with HS-Tg results between 0.06-0.2 had a Tg-ST result of >2μg/L, but no recurrence. Conclusions: Although the HS-Tg cut-off of 0.2ug/L is a reliable alternative to Tg-ST in most cases, these tests show divergent results in a proportion of patients making transition from one test to another challenging. Further studies are required to determine the clinical significance of HS-Tg between 0.06-0.2 μg/L.


Surprisingly, a phase diagram for the binary system FeCl2·nH2O has never been published. This is partially due to the difficulty of reaching the equilibrium states from these viscous liquids. The absence of a phase diagram has led to misinterpretations in several Mossbauer studies. Using differential thermal analysis and Mossbauer technique, as well as earlier references, we have constructed a phase diagram. In addition to glass and supercooled liquid regions, it has a metastable crystalline phase.


The complexity of IR-UWB receiver can be reduced by using analog pll format to realize synchronization of UWB.It was proved through the theoretical analysis and the simulation test,and an experiment in circuit with the frame frequency of 100 MHz.The IR-APLL can realize the speediness capture,and can ensure that the excursion of sampling clock to meet the precision requirement-in the condition of series of "0" in the data segment is no longer than 5 frame periods.It is a simple and practical way to realize the synchronizing of UWB communication system.


A simulation program (AGRISIM) running on personal computers was developed to study the transient behavior of the thermal microenvironment inside swine buildings housing pigs weighing from 20 kg (44 lb) to 100 kg (220 lb). The program accounts for a large number of parameters including the orientation and the structure of the building, the ventilation rates used and their staging with respect to inside temperature, the existence or not of a pit, and the pig metabolic heat and manure production. It accepts hourly climatic data, incorporates a library with various properties of insulation and structural materials, and uses pull-down menus. Results are presented in tables, shown at the screen, or printed. The program can be used to predict the thermal microenvironment conditions in the building along with the heating/cooling load required to keep the temperature within pigs' thermoneutral zone. Furthermore, it can be used to study the effects that various parameters have on the inside thermal conditions.


As the global economic environment changes and information technology develops, demand has been oriented to individuality and diversity, product life-cycles have been shortened, and market uncertainty has greatly increased. Thus it is very difficult for the conventional pyramid-like construction to respond to market changes very quickly. The changeable market requires the corporate managerial structure to be simple and easy to reorganize and adjust. The demand for products also requires that enterprises should be creative in their research and development and conduct this at a fast pace. AVE is a new and effective corporate organizational and production concept in the virtual economic environment; CPFR is a scheme in which enterprise partners can pursue collaborative supply chains by sharing information, thus making it a forceful supplement for the concrete mechanism and principles of execution in AVE. This paper analyzes AVE and CPFR concepts and their relationship, proposes the mechanism for CPFR modules on an AVE basis and the expanded models for checking and manipulating n-level events, and explicates the integrative conditions for AVE-based CPFR system and further research orientations as well


This research was conducted at The Kencana Ungu Batik Surakarta, as the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of product, price, promotion and place on purchasing decisions at Rumah Batik Kencana Ungu.
The sampling technique using a convenience sampling, the sampling design means that it's gathering information from members of the population who gladky willing to give and who has made a purchase, especially those on Kencana Ungu Batik Products, wuth guidelines for sampling 5 – 10 times the amount of indicator / item questionnaire variable studied, in order to get a sample of 90 respondents. While test analysis using multiple linear regression analysis, T – test, F – test, coefficient of determination ( R²).
 From this results it can concluded that the variable product, price, promotion and location significantly influence the decision to buy batik at Kencana Ungu either partially or simultaneously. From the research conducted found that the factors of the production, especially Batik Kencana Ungu should always increase attention to factor in the product marketing strategies.


Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata is an rare autosomal recessive peroxisomal disease. The main features of the disease are shortening of the proximal long bones, punctate calcifications in the metaphysis and epiphysis of long bones and the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, dysmorphic face, and severe growth retardation, whereas cervical spinal stenosis may also rarely be present. Imaging of the brain and spinal cord in patients with this disorder may aid prognosis and guide management decisions. We report the newborn diagnosed as rhizomelic chondroplasia punctata with cervical stenosis. As far as we know, our case is the first case of autosomal recessive form with a cervical spinal stenosis detected in the neonatal period.


Background Anon. (2009), outlining the procedures for deviating from or initiating an early review of the pelagic OMP, was discussed at the Scientific Working Group (Pelagic) on 26 February 2009. The document lists examples as to what might constitute Exceptional Circumstances in the case of sardine and anchovy. One such example was: "Survey estimates of abundance that are appreciably outside the bounds predicted in the OMP testing." A request was made to develop a rule to determine what determines when a survey estimate is "appreciably outside the bounds predicted in the OMP testing."


The real-life development strategies that have dominated the scene in recent decades have often been seen as models to be imitated but have in most cases generated unsatisfactory results. The Washington Consensus, which dominated the policy scene from the 1980s until recently, has led to greater global economic integration but also to slow growth, more instability and greater inequality. The "Chinese model", in turn, heralded by many as a pragmatic alternative blueprint for developing countries has been recently criticized, including by China's head of state, for being potentially unstable and not sustainable (both environmentally and socially), for overly relying on exports, and for suffering from under-consumption, over-investment and limited capacity to innovate (Yongdin, 2011; Roubini, 2011). In turn, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) agenda introduced a human development-centred development approach, but has been criticized for defining goals and targets too uniformly without considering initial country-specific conditions and for remaining vague about how to achieve those goals (see chapter 2 by Fukuda-Parr). As a result, this approach of "goals without a strategy" ended up emphasizing more increases in social spending and the mobilization of more development assistance rather than promoting the transformative changes needed to achieve a more inclusive and sustainable growth.


SUMMARY: There is a high incidence of end‐stage renal disease in New Zealand Maori. Reasons for this have not been established. Transforming growth factor‐β, (TGF‐β1) is a profibrogenic cytokine, which stimulates the secretion of extracellular matrix components, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney failure. the aim of this study was to examine TGF‐β1 in the serum of haemodialysis patients at our institution, in order to determine whether there was an upregulation of TGF‐β1 in Maori. A TGF‐Prspecific sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbant assay was used to measure active TGF‐β from the sera of 74 haemodialysis patients, and 19 healthy Maori without renal disease, diabetes or hypertension. In addition, clinical and laboratory markers were examined in the haemodialysis patients studied. There was no association between TGF‐β1 and ethnicity in the groups studied. Transforming growth factor‐β1 protein appeared to be inversely related to age. but was not associated with parameters of survival on dialysis such as serum albumin or measures of dialysis adequacy. Although there was a significantly higher incidence of type II diabetes mellitus in the Maori (P < 0.001) in comparison to European patients, the glycaemic control was comparable between the groups, as were all other laboratory and clinical parameters studied. This is the first study to examine the fibrogenic growth factor TGF‐β1 in New Zealand Maori. Thus, an endogenous increase in TGF‐β1 in Maori does not appear to be implicated in the increased incidence of end‐stage renal disease in this population.


Our laboratory has reported that glucose is essential for glycolytic enzyme induction and proliferation of mitogen-activated rat thymocytes (41). Here we show that: 1) Resting thymocytes meet their ATP demand mainly by oxidative glucose breakdown (88%), whereas proliferating thymocytes produce 86% by glycolytic degradation of glucose to lactate and only 14% by oxidation to CO2 and water. 2) In contrast to nonstimulated resting thymocytes, production of PMA pruned reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the proliferating cells is nearly abolished. 3) Consistent with this finding, no ROS formation is observed in proliferating hunnan promyelocytic HL-60 cells, whereas differentiated, nonproliferating HL-60 cells exert a marked response upon priming with PMA. 4) The observed reduction of ROS formation by resting thymocytes incubated with pyruvate suggests a function of pyruvate as an H202 scavenger. 5) The respiratory chain is a potential origin for ROS because inhibitors of the mitochondrial electron transport strongly reduce 11202 production by resting thymocytes. The results are discussed in the context of aerobic glycolysis by proliferating cells being a means to minimize oxidative stress during the phases of the cell cycle where maximally enhanced biosynthesis and cell division do occur.-Brand, K. A., Hermfisse, U. Aerobic glycolysis by proliferating cells: a protective strategy against reactive oxygen species. FASEBJ. 11, 388-395 (1997)


The signal transducer and activator of the transcription (Stat)‐family of proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors that transmit signals from cytokines and growth‐factor receptors to the nucleus. Stat proteins, especially Stat3 and Stat5, are constitutively activated in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies. However, the role of Stat3 signaling in gastric carcinoma has not yet been fully determined. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical value of phospho‐Stat3 expression in gastric carcinoma. Expression of phospho‐Stat3 (Tyr705), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), p53, and Bcl‐2 was determined by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays from 137 cases of resected gastric cancer specimens. We evaluated the relationships among phospho‐Stat3, VEGF, p53, and Bcl‐2 expression and the correlation between expression of these proteins and various clinicopathological factors, including overall survival. Phospho‐Stat3 nuclear expression was observed in 18.2% of the cases. Of the total number of cases, 68.6% were positive for VEGF, 40.1% for p53, and 11.7% for Bcl‐2. Phospho‐Stat3 expression correlated with VEGF (p=0.021) and Bcl‐2 (p=0.005) expression. Positive phospho‐Stat3 staining was significantly associated with poor pathological grade. However, there was no significant difference in other clinicopathological parameters, such as tumor stage (T, N, M), pathological type, relapse‐free survival, and overall survival between the phospho‐Stat3‐positive and ‐negative groups. Co‐expression of phospho‐Stat3 and VEGF was found in many patients with N3 and Stage IV disease. These results suggest that phospho‐Stat3 expression might be associated with angiogenesis, anti‐apoptosis, and tumor progression. Further studies are needed to determine the role of phospho‐Stat3 in gastric cancer.


Objective:To study the effects of genistein and sinomenine on serum interleukin 17(IL-17) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(Tracp) in adjuvant-induced arthritis(AA) rats,and further investigate their regulative action on osteoimmunology system.Methods: Complete Fruez adjuvant was hypodermicly injected into the left rear paw of the rats to establish AA model.Acute arthritis in rats induced on the day after injection displayed different degrees of ankle swelling,and the drugs were administered since inflammation continued to the 21st day.Genistein group was fed with genistein(1mg/200g·d),sinomenine group with sinomenine(3mg/200g·d),compatibility group with both genistein(1mg/200g·d) and sinomenine(3mg/200g·d),and methotrexate group with methotrexate(1mg/200g·w).The contents of serum IL-17 and Tracp were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after intervention for 40 days.Results: ①Compared with sinomenine group and methotrexate group,the contents of IL-17 and Tracp were significantly lower in compatibility group(P0.05,P0.01);there was no significant difference in the contents of IL-17 and Tracp between compatibility group and genistein group(P0.05).②The content of Tracp was obviously lower in the genistein group than in the sinomenine group and methotrexate group(P0.05);the content of IL-17 was similar in the genistein group in comparison with the sinomenine group and the methotrexate group(P0.05).Conclusion: Combined use of genistein and sinomenine can reduce the contents of IL-17 and Tracp in the adjuvant-induced arthritis rats.


JIPITEC 1 (2010) 1 - "Open source and European antitrust laws: An analysis of copyleft and the prohibition of
software license fees on the basis of art. 101 TFEU and the block exemptions"
Open source software and open source licenses (like the GNU GPL) are not only relevant for computer
nerds or activists – they are already business. They are for example the fundament of LINUX, the only
real rival of MICROSOFT's WINDOWS-line in the field of operating systems for IBM PC compatibles.
Art. 101 TFEU (like the identical predecessor art. 81 TEC) as part of the EU antitrust laws prohibits
contract terms like price fixing and some forms of technology control. Are copyleft – the "viral effect", the
"cancer" – and the interdiction of software license fees in the cross hairs of this legal rule? On the other
side the European Union has since 2004 a new Technology Transfer Block Exemption with software
license agreements for the first time in its scope: a safe harbour and a dry place under a umbrella for
open source software?
After the introduction (A) with a description of open source software the following text analyses the
system of the European Unions competition law respectivley antitrust law and the requirements of the
block exemptions (B). Starting point of antitrust analysis are undertakings – but who are the untertakings
(C) in the field of widespread, independent developers as part of the "bazar organization"? To see how
much open source has to fear from the law of the European Union, at the end the anti competitive and
pro competitive effects of open source are totalized within the legal framework (D). The conclusion (E)
shows: not nothing, but not much.


We study the effect of change in the organizational structure from a corporation to a real estate investment trust (REIT) on the firm value. Changing the organizational structure from a corporation to a REIT could result in an increase in the firm value, and some companies may be motivated to change their organizational structure because of this. We examine three possible sources of gains in the firm value from such a change in the organizational structure. They are the potential tax savings, reduction in agency costs of managerial discretion, and increase in the price multiples after the conversion. We examine the changes in the firm value of firms that announce conversion to a REIT during 1990–2016. We find that the announcement period returns are positive and strongly significant. Consistent with the tax hypothesis, the announcement period returns are positively related to the effective tax rate of the sample firms. Consistent with the managerial discretion hypothesis, the announcement period returns are positively related to the level of free cash flow of low growth firms. Consistent with the mis-valuation hypothesis, the announcement period returns are higher when REIT valuations are higher relative to the sample firms.


A translator is seen to leave a personal mark on the text through their stylistic choices and the patterns formed by these choices. This article comprises a case study that uses a specialized comparative corpus containing translations of C.P. Cavafy's canon in order to explore the distinctive stylistic features of Rae Dalven and of Edmund Keeley and Philip Sherrard (working in collaboration), in both quantitative and qualitative terms. Exploring the different approaches to Cavafy's poetry on the stylistic level reveals the stylistic fragmentation of the poet after crossing over into a dominant language and literary market. Overall word frequencies for each translation are examined, the stylistic features that are prominent in each case are identified, and their significance is considered. Special attention is also paid to the way a stylistic feature belonging to the 'universal aspects of literature' is treated by each translator. By foregrounding the translators and their distinct choices, the "homogenization" effects that often characterize translation into a major language are arrested. Instead, the focus falls on the factors that shape each translator's use of language and their impact.


ABSTRACT After viewing the oil spill from the supertanker Metula in 1974 and observing the state of preparedness to deal with oil spills in Chile and other countries, the need for a stronger program was evident. With encouragement from the International Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) and others, a training course was developed to complement the IMCO and United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) programs which subsequently has been presented on a regional basis in the Caribbean, the Mediterranean, the West African area, and Brazil. The support the UNEP Regional Seas Program and at the same time ensure that the faculty of the training program has a realistic knowledge of the problems in a given area, a series of reports has been commissioned on the status of oil pollution and oil pollution control in the various regions. The report on the Caribbean has been completed and reports on Southeast Asia and West Africa are in the final stages of preparation. This paper will discuss the format and tech...


Kinetic analysis was used as a tool for rational optimization of catalytic direct substitution of alcohols to enable selective formation of ethers, thioethers, and Friedel–Crafts alkylation products using a moisture-tolerant and commercially available Zr complex.


Results of this study to research the foundation for natural parkplans are below mentioned.From the relation between recreation tours and income, such are appointed that families of less 1 million yens income have less 8 times recreation tours with 8, 000 yens of above recreational consume in mean, and families of 1.0 to 1.5 million yens income have about 9 times tours with less 9, 000 yens of this consume, etc.This means the existence of certain functional relation between income and these tours.Besides above, it is appointed that living envioronmental problem such as population density, leisure time, satisfactory for their outdoor living spaces have also such relations.The fact that not satisfacted citizens on their living surroundings, have constant times of recreational tour independently with the it income, is a characteristic phenomena.On this researching analyse, sourrounding resorts are defined 8 groups: the visiting times tendency of them also shows a possibility to apply a rule of recreational effective ratio functions, on their relations between the distance and visiting times.


Based on a sample of $448.1\times10^6\ \psi(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector, a study of $\psi(3686)\to\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}\pi^0$ and $\psi(3686)\to\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}\eta$ is performed. Evidence of the isospin-violating decay $\psi(3686)\to\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}\pi^0$ is found for the first time with a statistical significance of $3.7\sigma$, the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\psi(3686)\to\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}\pi^0)$ is measured to be $(1.42\pm0.39\pm0.59)\times10^{-6}$, and its corresponding upper limit is determined to be $2.47\times10^{-6}$ at 90\% confidence level. A partial wave analysis of $\psi(3686)\to\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}\eta$ shows that the peak around $\Lambda\eta$ invariant mass threshold favors a $\Lambda^*$ resonance with mass and width in agreement with the $\Lambda(1670)$. The branching fraction of the $\psi(3686)\to\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}\eta$ is measured to be $(2.34\pm0.18\pm0.52)\times10^{-5}$. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.


G-equations are well-known front propagation models in combustion and are Hamilton–Jacobi type equations with convex but non-coercive Hamiltonians. Viscous G-equations arise from numerical discretization or modeling dissipative mechanisms. Although viscosity helps to overcome non-coercivity, we prove homogenization of an inviscid G-equation based on approximate correctors and attainability of controlled flow trajectories. We verify the attainability for two-dimensional mean zero incompressible flows, and demonstrate asymptotically and numerically that viscosity reduces the homogenized Hamiltonian in cellular flows. In the case of one-dimensional compressible flows, we found an explicit formula of homogenized Hamiltonians, as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for wave trapping (effective Hamiltonian vanishes identically). Viscosity restores coercivity and wave propagation.


By discussing the applied project of PMAC multi-axis controller,the structure of hardware and software are introduced,which are required to build a set of electromechanical integrated NC experimental device.And required method,means and notices are put forward.In fact,the handtailor of man-machine interface and the parameter setup of real time controller parts can be carried out based on the controller of PMAC.An affective approach is given for analogical open controller.


A new theory-based transport model with comprehensive physics (trapping, general toroidal geometry, fully electromagnetic, electron-ion collisions, impurity ions) has been developed. The core of the model is the new trapped-gyro-Landau-fluid (TGLF) equations, which provide a fast and accurate approximation to the linear eigenmodes for gyrokinetic drift-wave instabilities (trapped ion and electron modes, ion and electron temperature gradient modes, and kinetic ballooning modes). The new TGLF transport model is more accurate, and has an extended range of validity, compared to its predecessor GLF23. The TGLF model unifies trapped and passing particles in a single set of gyro-Landau-fluid equations. A model for the averaging of the Landau resonance by the trapped particles makes the equations work seamlessly over the whole drift-wave wave-number range from trapped ion modes to electron temperature gradient modes. A fast eigenmode solution method enables unrestricted magnetic geometry. The transport model uses...


Extended Linear Duration Invariants (ELDI), an important subset of Duration Calculus, extends well-studied Linear Duration Invariants with logical connectives and the chop modality. It is known that the model checking problem of ELDI is undecidable with both the standard continuous-time and discrete-time semantics [12, 13], but it turns out to be decidable if only bounded execution fragments of timed automata are concerned in the context of the discrete-time semantics [36]. In this paper, we prove that this problem is still decidable in the continuous-time semantics, although it is well-known that model-checking Duration Calculus with the continuous-time semantics is much more complicated than the one with the discrete-time semantics. This is achieved by reduction to the validity of Quantified Linear Real Arithmetic (QLRA). Some examples are provided to illustrate the efficiency of our approach.


In the present paper we consider the possibility to obtain highly selective holographic spectral filters operating in near IR range of spectrum. The properties of photopolymer with diffusive amplification as a medium for recording of such filters are analyzed, namely the mechanism of diffusion enhancement of hologram diffraction efficiency, the dispersion dependence of refractive index variations in a wide spectral range, and its influence on the resulting parameters of the holographic filter. The experimental results on the recording of filters optimized for operation at particular wavelengths of 0.85, 1.06 and 1.5 micrometers are presented.


There are many theoretical and practical results in the area of workflow modeling, especially when the more formal workflows are used. In this paper we focus on probabilistic workflows. We show algorithms for time computations in probabilistic workflows. With time of activities more precisely modeled, we can achieve improvement in the work cooperation and analyses of cooperation including simulation and visualization.


In this paper, the user's vocal music teaching mode based on computer platform is researched. As a modern means of teaching, computer multimedia technology has the characteristics of visualization, intuition and high information. The application of multimedia technology in the teaching of vocal music has changed the traditional teaching mode of vocal music and fully mobilized the enthusiasm of the students. Give full play to the advantages of multimedia teaching can constantly improve the quality of vocal music teaching and help students to master the vocal skills. It can also help students to cultivate good intonation, rhythm and singing, and then the experiment result shows the proposed method can improve the overall performance fi the system.


This paper is concerned with stability and controller design of networked control systems (NCSs) with a compound Markovian transition probabilities. Firstly, a compound Markovian transition probabilities matrix is defined to described the work process of NCSs and co-decided by two independent work process: one is the packet dropouts process, which is defined as the sequence of the time intervals between consecutively successfully transmitted data; The other is the network-induced delay process, which is related to the delay of successfully transmitted data and based on a random division of intervals. Moreover, a new hybrid Markovian jump nonlinear systems (HMJNSs) model for NCSs is proposed. For handling the inter-sample behavior, which leads to nonlinear in model, anew norm bounded method is proposed. Furthermore, based on the such method and an operative mode dependent Lyapunov functional, sufficient conditions for mean square stability are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and corresponding control laws are given. Finally, numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the results.


In this study, a numerical investigation was conducted to explore the potential improvement in the overall performance of heat exchangers comprising drop-shaped tubes through the control of the angle of attack. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, evaluating eight distinct configurations of 20-row bundles consisting of drop-shaped tubes in both staggered and in-line arrangements. A thorough comparison was made against corresponding bundles with circular tubes. The study covered a range of Reynolds numbers Re = 1.78 × 103–1.87 × 104 and angles of attack θi−j = 0°–360°. Two methods were employed to evaluate the thermal-hydraulic performance. The findings indicated that the friction factor of case 6 of drop-shaped tube bundle (θ1−5 = 0°, θ6−10 = 330°, θ11−15 = 30°, θ16−20 = 0°) exhibited a reduction of approximately 27%–43% and 42%–46% compared to the staggered (case 3) and in-line (case 1) configurations of drop-shaped tube bundles at zero angles of attack, respectively. Additionally, case 6 achieved the highest thermal-hydraulic performance, surpassing the staggered bundles of circular tubes (case 3) by 1.4–1.8 times and the in-line bundles of circular tubes (case 1) by 2.9–3.5 times. Novel equations were derived to estimate the mean Nusselt number, effectiveness, and friction factor for case 6, exhibiting a maximum deviation of 0.74%, 0.48%, and 0.73% correspondingly.


Membrane technology has become a fundamental unit operation in the industry and society of nowadays and fouling is, probably, the most important concern related with this technology. Fouling is a complex process that can limit the performances of facilities using membranes. Many research efforts have been done in order to reduce fouling tendency. Ceramic membranes can play a major role in fouling mitigation due to its high hydrophilic nature. This paper describes the characterization of a new ceramic nanofiltration (NF) prototype membrane with increased surface and modified in its active surface, which makes it more resistant to fouling. The main goal of this paper was to characterize, under different operating conditions, the membrane performance. Authors have used two model foulants: peptone (meat extract) and humic acids as mimicking fouling substances usually present in natural waters and wastewaters. Tests consisted of using different concentrations of these model foulants; varying the pH (6.0-9.0) and using different cross flow velocities (CVF) from 0.5 to 1.5 m/s. Influence of calcium on foulant deposition onto membrane has also been studied. Results show that this new membrane showed resistance to fouling while conserved a high permeability and rejection.


are required to maintain its safety. Meat from healthy animals is sterile or contains a small number of live bacteria, but in the course of processing it is exposed to numerous chances for contamination (Aleksandar [1]). Depending on the level of hygiene during the slaughter, the speed of cooling and storage conditions of meat, a variety of aerobic, anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms can emerge that might contaminate meat and meat products.


Justification of the content and orientation of the special physical training of volleyball players of high qualification in the competitive period taking into account their role is presented in article. The developed technique for the special physical training of volleyball players is directed at maintenance of the special physical and technical and tactical training of players in the competitive period. The article studied the structure of the competitive period of volleyball teams of the Top league "A" according to the calendar of competitions of the Russian Federation Championship as main competition in a year cycle of preparation. Features of the microcycles planning as bases of training process for the volleyball players in the competitive period have been defined. Using the method of the pulsometriya the orientation of training loadings in the competitive period has been defined. On the basis of method of expert evaluations the most important special motive abilities of the volleyball players of high qualification with the different roles in the competitive period have been defined. Dynamics and interrelation of the indicators of special physical and technical and tactical training of the volleyball players at stages of the competitive period has been investigated. The assessment of efficiency of the offered technique by dynamics of the special physical and technical and tactical training of the players during the competitive period has been given. The technique is recommended to be used in practical work of coaches of the volleyball teams of high qualification, in educational process of the higher education institutions of physical culture when teaching the theory and volleyball technique.


Objective To explore and analyze the prognostic high-risk factors of elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP).Methods The clinical data of elderly CAP patients were retrospectively analyzed to find the influence of underlying diseases and other biologyother risk factors on their prognosis.Results Univariate analysis results suggested that age,renal insufficiency,malignancies,Hb,serum albumin,and electrolyte imbalance could be the high-risk factors influencing prognosis.Logistic regression analysis showed that renal insufficiency,low protein and electrolyte imbalance were the risk factors.Conclusion The elderly patients with CAP have a high morbidity and mortality.The above risk factors can provide an important basis to diagnose the condition correctly.


The requirements to degas, flux and grain refine molten aluminum alloys for investment casting are well established. The evolution of casting buyer requirements; now requiring larger castings or more complicated geometries than the previous generation, continually require better and more consistent melt treatments for the molten aluminum. Fortunately, several recent technological advancements have allowed degassing, flux and grain refining to be higher performing and more environmentally-friendly than were historically achievable. This paper will report on the efforts of Atlantic Casting & Engineering (ACE) in Clifton, NJ to implement an improved aluminum alloy treatment process to keep up with the demands of industry. In addition to the process of implementation, this paper will document the rationale and evaluation process for implementing the process improvements. Finally, the paper will discuss the economic, technical and environmental benefits achieved upon complete implementation of the new treatment process.


Bannatyne's recategorization of Wechsler subtests into the process oriented categories of Spatial, Conceptual, and Sequential has been shown to be useful in differentiating groups of normal from reading disabled children and may have utility for understanding the cognitive functioning of individual children. Discrepancy scores required at three significance levels when comparing a single child's performance on one category with his or her mean level of performance across all three categories are developed and reported.


Marketing is one of the important strategies in tourism activities. With the marketing, tourists know the tourist attraction that will be visited. Marketing consists of several aspects, such as product, place/distributions, price and promotion (marketing mix). This research was conducted to determine the form of marketing mix at Tahura Ngurah Rai Mangrove Ecotourism and measure how much influence the marketing mix had on the decisions of foreign tourists visiting Tahura Ngurah Rai Ecotourism. The method used in research is quantitative method. Data collection is conducted by questionnaire, observation, and literature study. While the data analysis technique used is the Important Performance Analysis (IPA) technique.

The results of study showed that the components of the marketing mix consisting of products, prices, places / distributions, and promotions still did not meet the level of tourists satisfaction, There were still several components that had to be increased such as price and place. Therefore, the manager must focus on to the component that doesn't meet the level of tourist satisfaction since it can influence the tourist visiting decisions.

Keywords : Marketing Mix, Ecotourism, Tahura Ngurah Rai


The author makes the purpose of the research is to know the Human Resource Governance that occurred at PT. South Pacific Viscose, Purwakarta West Java by examining the influence of Leadership, Organizational Culture and Career Development on Job Satisfaction. Another reason of this reseach is due to high turn over of the employee during 5 years.
The research sample is taken from Senior Employee at a company as much as 265 people but by using a sampling technique to 90 employees at PT. South Pacific Viscose Purwakarta, West Java selected by proportional random sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using  SPSS 20.00. The results showed that Leadership is a very significant effect on Employee Job Satisfaction, Organizational Culture Influence on Job Satisfaction, and career development have a significant effect on Job Satisfaction. The implications of this research are to improve the elements Leadership and working relationships in order to promote temporary career development. The elements of career development are essential to showing job satisfaction. The result will see the effect of this research toward the high turn over in coming years.


Dr. Oliver Boyd-Barrett, Advisor Phoenix Satellite Television is a TV network broadcasting to the global Chinese-speaking community, primarily to the mainland of China. This study examines Phoenix as a lens by which to consider the overall Chinese television industry in the era of globalization. Utilizing the theory of media imperialism, this study investigates the program content, format, scheduling pattern, and advertisement use of Phoenix, and finds that US-inspired neoliberalism is expressed in the network's programming strategies. The study also examines two leading TV networks in China – China Central Television, and Hunan Satellite Television – to compare their programming strategies with those of Phoenix. Although the results of this comparative analysis indicate that the three networks adopt different strategies, they also reveal hidden similarities. That is, all three networks, along with other TV networks at various levels in China, have embraced the ideology of neo-liberalism by emphasizing profit-making as their core goals. The analysis also reveals that the Chinese government still holds a tight control over the media in China. Ironically, this control has helped spread the very neo-liberalism the Chinese government's control attempts to hinder. The implication of this study to the thesis of Media Imperialisms is that the findings suggest that the central question of imperialism and its relationship to media has to do with the ways in which media content and media format relate to, support or fail to support, the trajectory of imperialism in any of its manifestations.


At the new historical stage,The Communist Party of China(CPC) put forward the issue of popularizing Marxism in contemporary China in the report of the Seventeenth National Congress,To find the ways of realizing this great historical mission,we must conprehend the connotation of popularizing Marxism accurately,analyse the necessity of popularizing Marxism overall.


Phosphatidylethanolamine N‐methyltransferase (PEMT) is an important enzyme in hepatic phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis. Pemt−/− mice fed a high‐fat diet are protected from obesity and whole‐body insulin resistance. However, Pemt−/− mice develop severe nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Because NASH is often associated with hepatic insulin resistance, we investigated whether the increased insulin sensitivity in Pemt−/− mice was restricted to nonhepatic tissues or whether the liver was also insulin sensitive. Strikingly, the livers of Pemt−/− mice compared with those of Pemt+/+ mice were not insulin resistant, despite elevated levels of hepatic triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols, as well as increased hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Endogenous glucose production was lower in Pemt−/− mice under both basal and hyperinsulinemic conditions. Experiments in primary hepatocytes and hepatoma cells revealed improved insulin signaling in the absence of PEMT, which was not due to changes in diacylglycerols, ceramides, or gangliosides. On the other hand, the phospholipid composition in hepatocytes seems critically important for insulin signaling such that lowering the PC:phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) ratio improves insulin signaling. Thus, treatments to reduce the PC:PE ratio in liver may protect against the development of hepatic insulin resistance.—Van der Veen, J. N., Lingrell, S., McCloskey, N., LeBlond, N. D., Galleguillos, D., Zhao, Y. Y., Curtis, J. M., Sipione, S., Fullerton, M. D., Vance, D. E., Jacobs, R. L. A role for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in hepatic insulin signaling. FASEB J. 33, 5045–5057 (2019). www.fasebj.org


The controllability of the equilibriums of the controlled system with the differential feedback control is proved theoretically.DDFC(Delayed Differential Feedback Control) is presented.It takes the measurable differential variate as the feedback. The controllability of the equilibriums of the controlled system with the differential feedback and DDFC control is proved theoretically. The UPOs(Unstable Periodic Orbits) are found and stabilized by adjusting the gain k and delayed time τ in numerical simulations in Matlab.The control of chaos is realized.


Understanding community responses to disturbance is a long-standing challenge in ecology and will remain a critical issue as human activity continues to alter environmental conditions. This is particularly concerning for freshwater communities, which are often subject to the effects of multiple disturbances on the landscape. With crustacean zooplankton community composition data and associated water chemistry from 19 Ontario lakes, we quantify the relative magnitude and directionality of change over three decades using distances in multivariate ordinations. The data span a gradient of impact from minimally disturbed reference lakes to lakes with known impacts from experimental acidification trials, atmospheric acidification, and regional land-use changes. Most communities exhibited changes from historical conditions, including previously described reference systems. Zooplankton communities in experimentally acidified lakes showed gradual, directional patterns with a return to historical conditions postmanipulation, but have since deviated again from historical conditions. Most zooplankton communities in atmospherically acidified lakes showed gradual, directional trajectories over time. Overall, our results demonstrate that zooplankton communities are changing among both minimally disturbed lake systems and lakes known to be impacted by human activities.


Round the nave of the main church building, which is elliptical in platform, the chapels and confession boxes are placed radially. The chapels are located on the inside of the church, and open on to it: these entrances add to the internal architectural composition of the church. The public choir communicates with the main nave, and the choir of the friars is more directly related with the altar.
This church, which is part of a Benedictine Order convent was built to meet the needs both of the fathers, and of the novices, and can be used simultaneously by both.


Well-logging data show that geothermal formations typically feature layered heterogeneities. This imposes a challenge in numerical simulations, in particular in the upscaling of geothermal processes. The goal of our study is to develop an approach to (1) simplify the description of heterogeneous geothermal formations and (2) provide an accurate representation of convection/dispersion processes for simulating the up-scaled system.

In geothermal processes, transverse thermal conduction causes extra spreading of the cooling front: thermal Taylor dispersion. We derive a model from an energy balance for effective thermal diffusivity, αeff, to represent this phenomenon in layered media. αeff, accounting for transverse heat conduction, is much greater than the longitudinal thermal diffusivity, leading to a remarkably larger effective dispersion. A ratio of times is defined for longitudinal thermal convection and transverse thermal conduction, referred to as transverse thermal-conduction number NTC. The value of NTC is an indicator of thermal equilibrium in the vertical cross-section. Both NTC and αeff equations are verified by a match with numerical solutions for convection/conduction in a two-layer system. For NTC > 5, the system behaves as a single layer with thermal diffusivity αeff.

When NTC > 5, a two-layer system can be combined and represented with αeff and average properties of the two layers. We illustrate upscaling approach for simulation of geothermal processes in stratified formations, by grouping layers based on the condition of NTC > 5 and the αeff model. Specifically, NTC is calculated for every adjacent two layers, and the paired layers with a maximum value of NTC are grouped first. This procedure repeats on the grouped system until no adjacent layers meet the criterion NTC > 5. The upscaled layer properties of the grouped system are used as new inputs in the numerical simulations. The effectiveness of the upscaling approach is validated by a good agreement in numerical solutions for thermal convection/dispersion using original and average layer properties, respectively (Figs. 1 and 2 in the Supplementary Data File). The upscaling approach is applied to well-log data of a geothermal reservoir in Copenhagen featuring many interspersed layers. After upscaling, the formation with 93 layers of thickness 1 – 3 meters is upscaled to 12 layers (Fig. 3 in the Supplementary Data File). The effective thermal diffusivity αeff in the flow direction is about a factor of 10 times greater than original thermal diffusivity of the rock. Thus, αeff should be used as simulation inputs for representing more accurately geothermal processes in the up-scaled system.


Abstract The axial component of Earth rotation, which is conventionally expressed by Universal Time (UT1), contains small physical signals with diurnal and subdiurnal periods. This part of the spectrum is dominated by the tidal effects which are regular and predictable. The largest components express the influence of the gravitationally forced ocean tides with diurnal and semidiurnal periods and amplitudes up to 0.02 milliseconds (ms) in UT1 corresponding to an angular displacement of 0.30 milliarcseconds (mas); see Table 8.3 of the IERS Conventions (IERS, 2003). There are also smaller subdiurnal components (amplitudes up to 0.03 mas), designated as "spin libration" by Chao et al. (1991), due to direct influence of the tidal gravitation on those features of the Earth's density distribution which are expressed by the non-zonal terms of the geopotential. These components are not included in the models recommended by the IERS Conventions, in contrast to the corresponding effect in polar motion (ibid., Table 5.1). Here we consider in detail the subdiurnal libration in UT1. We derive an analytical solution for the structural model of the Earth consisting of an elastic mantle and a liquid core which are not coupled to each other. The reference solution for the rigid Earth is computed by using the satellite-determined coefficients of geopotential and the recent developments of the tide generating potential (TGP). We arrived to the conclusion that the set of terms with amplitudes exceeding the truncation level of 0.005 mas consists of 11 semidiurnal harmonics due to the influence of the TGP term u22 on the equatorial flattening of the Earth expressed by the Stokes coefficients C22, S22. There is an excellent agreement between our estimates for the rigid Earth and the amplitudes derived by Wünsch (1991). The only important difference is the term with the tidal code ν2, which seems to be overlooked in the development of Wünsch. Our amplitudes computed for an elastic Earth with liquid core appear to be in reasonable agreement with those derived by Chao et al. (1991), but the latter model was not complete. The estimated effect is superimposed on the ocean tide influences having the same frequencies but 9 to 11 times larger amplitudes. Nevertheless, its maximum peak-to-peak size is about 0.105 mas, hence definitely above the current uncertainty of UT1 determinations. Comparison with the corresponding model of prograde diurnal polar motion associated with the Earth's triaxiality (IERS Conventions, Table 5.1) shows that: 1) the two effects are of similar size, 2) there is consistency between the underlying dynamical models, parameters employed, etc. In conclusion, we recommend adding the model developed here to the set of procedures provided by the IERS Conventions.


A series of asymmetrical D–π–D type thiophene-based chromophores with small sizes and different electron-donating groups were designed and synthesized in high yield. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and theoretical calculations were carried out to further explore the electronic structural features of the chromophores. It was observed that multiple C–H⋯π interactions and C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds played an important role in crystal stacking. Systematic investigations, including fluorescence quantum yields, fluorescence lifetime, and two-photon absorption (2PA) cross sections, revealed that the photophysical properties of the thiophene-based chromophores can be tunable by the modulation of electron-donating terminal units. Furthermore, by introducing a carbonyl group in the π-bridge center, one of the chromophores with a small size exhibited significantly enhanced two-photon absorption with a 36-fold increase of the 2PA cross section compared with that of the corresponding chromophore. Finally, due to their superior 2PA character in the near-infrared region (700–900 nm), two-photon excited bioimaging applications were carried out for the chromophores. The results of live cell imaging experiments showed that the chromophores can be effectively penetrated into the cytosol of HepG2 cells and their physiological activity can be detected in vitro using two-photon fluorescence microscopy.


The present invention relates to a kind of environment-friendly preparation method thereofs of vinyl chloride/isoprene copolymer as thermoplastic elastomer (TPE),It is the copolymer synthetic technology formed based on a kind of water/oil two-phase interface free radical polymerization,Redox reaction occurs with potassium peroxydisulfate at normal temperatures exclusively with a kind of double type surface active initiator,It is repeated several times and generates free radicals and cause vinyl chloride and the independent polymerisation of isoprene at interface,Two kinds of segments are serially connected by initiator molecule,Constitute segmented copolymer,Experiments have shown that when the pH value of aqueous media is in 4~4.5 range,The rate of charge of monomer and the ratio of components of copolymer are very consistent,The content of isoprene segment is adjustable in 10~42wt.% ranges in copolymer,The polymeric reaction condition of this pattern is mildly controllable,Low energy consumption,Without other organic solvents and emulsifier,Products pure,Comply fully with the requirement of Green Chemistry.


Abstract:This article analyzes the key terms in the ongoing sovereignty debate over the Falklands/Malvinas Islands through a reading of Rodolfo Enrique Fogwill's classic novel Los pichiciegos: Visiones de una batalla subterránea. I argue against critical interpretations of the novel as anti-war and counter-foundational, finding that the novel reproduces sovereignty underground instead of resisting it. I examine this thesis through competing, seemingly irreconcilable claims to sovereignty: Argentina's arguments for decolonization and Britain's arguments for self-determination. In fiction, Fogwill miniaturizes and allegorizes these concepts, borrowing from Argentine dictatorship and Thatcherite discourses. He exposes the concept of sovereignty as the link between the internal Dirty War and external Malvinas War and between dictatorship and post-dictatorship politics and economics. I argue that Fogwill also provides a way to begin considering the legacy of sovereignty after globalization's move away from the nation-state. Re-visiting the novel makes the reader question the key terms of debate—decolonization and self-determination—and look beyond sovereign territory and the nation, suggesting a renewal of democracy.


In a small personal series of 12 Indian and European hypertensive patients treated with guanethidine neither initial nor acquired resistance has been seen and dosage has been of the o6rder of 25 to 75 mg. daily. Many of these patients have been satisfactorily controlled for many months. That African patients from East Africa respond satisfactorily to ganglion-blocking drugs has been shown by Somers and Gitau (1959) with mecamylamine and by Somers (1961b) with pempidine. Experience in this hospital with mecamylamine, prior to using bretylium and guanethidine, was satisfactory. Why this difference in response to treatment in these African patients occurs is obscure but is clearly a matter of great physiological and pharmacological interest. It has been suggested by Zaimis (1961) that acquired resistance to guanethidine is due to the sensitization of peripheral arterioles to the local effects of circulating catechol-amines, and they warned against the use of excessive dosage. In this context it is of interest that in four of the resistant patients in the present series the diastolic pressure actually increased while dosage was being built up in an endeavour to gain control of the blood-pressure, and then fell when the drug was discontinued. Guanethidine is also known to cause increased noradrenaline release in animals. In man intravenous injection leads to an initial rise of blood-pressure without increase in the cardiac output. This is presumably due to muscle and visceral vasoconstriction (Dollery et al., 1961). The therapeutic efficiency of guanethidine may depend on the balance that is struck between its relaxant effect on peripheral blood-vessels from sympatheticfibre blockade and the tendency towards sensitization of these vessels to circulating catechol-amines, and possibly also to an increase in the amount of these amines. It may be that some dietary or metabolic factor in African subjects enhances, to a variable degree, these undesirable effects. It must be noted that unexpected increased sensitivity to guanethidine can occur, as is illustrated by the patient described above who after good control on large doses became very sensitive to the hypotensive effects of the drug and was then controlled on a very small dose. The possible causes of this drug resistance can only be a matter for speculation at this stage. It is to be hoped that further studies will be made.


Long, flexible wind turbine blades experience significant deflections during operation. Historically, the blade element momentum model in Bladed assumed that the blade is split into a set of radial aerodynamic sections which are aligned perpendicular to the pitch axis, and that any rotation of the sections due to deflection, pre-bend or pre-sweep in the blade can be ignored. For modern-day flexible rotor blades, under extreme loading conditions, this assumption no longer holds. Including this rotation when calculating inflow velocities and angle of attack, and when resolving the resultant forces at the element, causes a significant change in axial force (Fz) along the pitch axis, and therefore the blade out of plane bending moment (My). This in turn drives a change in overturning moments on the hub (which is driven by differences in bending moments between blades). An example 160m rotor shows an increase of 68% in hub overturning moment during an extreme gust event when aerofoil rotation due to deflection is included. This is verified through comparison to the alternative free vortex wake rotor model in Bladed. DNV GL Bladed includes the rotation of aerofoils by default at version 4.8.


Effective temperature for a handful of F supergiants have been determined using the Infrared Flux method, and have been used to calibrate various broadband colors. The calibrations are in good agreement with a recent theoretical calibration of the F supergiant temperature scale. 26 refs.


A Genetic Algorithm is successful in generating near -optimal solutions if it is able to produce o®spring during crossover that is better than the parent solutions. Most of the current methods of crossover determine o®spring by using a stochastic approach and without reference to the objective function with the result being that a potentially optimal solution could be lost through incorrect choices being made in the randomisation process. This thesis focuses on the development of a new stream of crossover within genetic algorithms, called Optimised Crossover Genetic Algorithm (OCGA) for solving combinatorial optimisation problems, which takes into account the objective function in finding the best ofspring solution among an exponentially large number of potential ofspring. Using the optimised crossover scheme, the two parents produce the two new children: the Ochild (Optimum child) and the E-child (Exploratory child). The Ochild is constructed in a way so as to have the best objective function value from the feasible set of children, while the E-child is constructed so as to maintain the diversity of the search space. In this thesis, the OCGA is applied to some combinatorial optimisation problems, specically on single machine scheduling problems and vehicle routing problems. We particularly focus on four problems: single machine family scheduling problem with maximum lateness, single machine family scheduling problem with total weighted completion time, capacitated vehicle routing problem and vehicle routing problem with time windows. These problems are motivated by the manufacturing organisations where decisions involve a trade-o® between the manufacturer's e±ciency and customers' satisfaction. Extensive computational experiments are carried out to assess the e®ectiveness of the OCGA compared to other local search methods proposed in the literature. The results shown the OCGA is competitive and capable of generating near optimal solutions.


This paper explores the opportunity for New Zealand to establish and sustain an internationally competitive sheep dairy industry. As part of this it evaluates the role of responsible innovation (RI) within the New Zealand sheep dairy (NZSD) industry and whether this can assist in achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. In the context of agrifood supply chains RI has received little attention despite the fact that these industries have significant environmental, ethical and social impacts. The research also addresses the lack of evidence as how to put RI into practice and the claim that the practical applicability of RI is not possible. The French sheep dairy industry was used as a comparative case study for the New Zealand industry. Information was gathered through a literature search, the comparative case study and interviews with New Zealand and French industry experts. Comparisons were made between the strategic capabilities and structural forces of the sheep dairy industries in both France and ...


Shop scheduling in practice more acts the dynamic scheduling. Base on analyzing the threefactors, researched the time that is the most basic dynamic factor combine the practicalmanufacturing. Presented the realization strategies of the dynamic shop calendar andimplemented the key algorithm, offered a concrete scheme for the discrete realization ofdynamic shop calendar, finally using a case testified the feasibility of the scheme.


It is great progress that the concept of education is changing from examination to quality and innovation. We usually overlook the harmonious all-round development of the students, but pay close attention to the raising of the student's knowledge and practice. The real significance of school education is the perfection and development of human being, while aesthetic education has the unparalleled function other kinds of education can't provide.


This paper demonstrates the use of an intelligent shimming system to compensate for changes in process output due to tool wear. A new tool concept with integrated hydraulic cavities used as actuators in feedback control system is presented. By prescribing a hydraulic pressure in the individual cavities the blank‐holder force distribution can be controlled during the punch stroke.By means of a sequence of numerical simulations abrasive wear is imposed to the deep drawing of a rectangular cup. The abrasive wear is modelled by changing the tool surface geometry using an algorithm based on the sliding energy density.As the tool surfaces are changed the material draw‐in is significantly altered when using conventional open‐loop control of the blank‐holder force. A feed‐back controller is presented which is capable of reducing the draw‐in difference to a certain degree. Further a learning algorithm is introduced to the system, which is able to improve the response of the feed‐back system significantly.


How to enhance the communication efficiency and quality on vehicular networks is one critical important issue. While with the larger and larger scale of vehicular networks in dense cities, the real-world datasets show that the vehicular networks essentially belong to the complex network model. Meanwhile, the extensive research on complex networks has shown that the complex network theory can both provide an accurate network illustration model and further make great contributions to the network design, optimization and management. In this paper, we start with analyzing characteristics of a taxi GPS dataset and then establishing the vehicular-to-infrastructure, vehicle-to-vehicle and the hybrid communication model, respectively. Moreover, we propose a clustering algorithm for station selection, a traffic allocation optimization model and an information source selection model based on the communication performances and complex network theory.


This book is a history of the diseases of humankind and their causes from earliest times to the present day. It draws upon the author's extensive work on the history of infection, as well as upon evidence drawn from archaeology, history and demography


The motivation of this paper is based on a hypothesis that non-linear decision nodes provide a better classification performance than axis-parallel decision nodes do in many practical problems, such as image classification, and voice classification. The algorithm – MNCS_DT is introduced in this paper to create non-linear splits nodes by novel discriminant analysis in decision tree for multi-classification problem and take costsensitive problem into account when the features are selected. In experiment part, we use four UCI data sets to compare the performance of MNCS_DT and C4.5 CS by costs and error rates. The performance of MNCS_DT is better than C4.5 CS. And eight data sets from UCI are used to compare the performance of three different feature sets measured by accuracy, G-mean, and operation time. The performance of feature set consisting of features that follow multivariate normal distribution and altered information gain values higher than average one is better than two other feature sets in most data sets.


Tue recognised validity of iontophoresis in promoting the dennal or transdennal transport of biologically active compounds, mainly ionized species, to gain a systemic effect, is related to an accurately and controlled choice of materials and devices, as well as of the operative conditions used for its realization. Extensive work has been done with in vitro experimental models to better define the different factors which can influence the effectiveness and reliability of iontophoresis. In this paper, we took into considerations such parameters, illustrating also the in vitro and in vivo models and devices, developed during last years.


Polysaccharide fromCyclocaryapaliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja was obtained by hot water extraction in this study.We selected an activated carbon adsorption process to decolorize the crude polysaccharides fromCyclocaryapaliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja leaves.Orthogonal experimental design was employed to further optimize the conditions for the discoloration of crude polysaccharide solutions,based on decolorization efficiency and polysaccharide yield ratio.The results showed that activated carbon adsorption process represented good decolorizing ability on the polysaccharide from Cyclocaryapaliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja.The optimum operational conditions were determined as following:1% active carbon,decoloring temperature 40℃,pH 3.5and treatment time 40min.Under these conditions,the experimental decolorization rate was reached 81.2%and the polysaccharide holding rate57.5%,which were well matched with the values predicted by the model.


Problem statement. The war of Russia against Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022, brought the destruction of a large number of cities and villages in the regions that were in the zone of military operations. Many populated areas, regardless of their size and status in the country's settlement system, have been completely destroyed. In their place, only ruins remained, pits from houses burned down and broken to stone, countless craters from explosions and other types of disturbed territories. Unfortunately, as of April 2023, the war is still going on. On the territory of cities and villages, in fields and forests, on the banks of rivers, on the tops and slopes of hills and beams, along the roads connecting the settlements, as well as in other places located where battles were or continue to be fought, special types of landscapes have arisen, referred to in scientific publications as belligerative. They have special functioning mechanisms, special schemes for the destruction of the matrices of matter exchange, energy, information, momentum, and goal-setting, which exist both in zonal natural landscapes and in azonal anthropogenic landscapes. The area of belligerative landscapes is growing, and it is they who now dominate the ruined settlements and around them. The revival of cities after our victory is impossible without knowledge of the architectural and urban planning aspects of belligerative landscapes. The purpose of the article is to reveal the urban planning aspects of belligerent landscapes and the algorithm for their further accounting.


Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness and common complication of diabetes. Many diabetic patients take antihypertensive drugs to prevent cardiovascular problems, but these drugs may have unintended consequences on eyesight. Six common classes of antihypertensive drug are angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, alpha blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics. Analysis of medical history data might indicate which of these drugs provide safe blood pressure control, and a literature review is often used to guide such analyses. Beyond manual reading of relevant publications, we sought to identify quantitative trends in literature from the biomedical database PubMed to compare with quantitative trends in the clinical data. By recording and analyzing PubMed search results, we found wide variation in the prevalence of each antihypertensive drug in DR literature. Drug classes developed more recently such as ACE inhibitors and ARBs were most prevalent. We also identified instances of change-over-time in publication patterns. We then compared these literature trends to a dataset of 500 diabetic patients from the UT Hamilton Eye Institute. Data for each patient included class of antihypertensive drug, presence and severity of DR. Graphical comparison revealed that older drug classes such as diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and β-blockers were much more prevalent in the clinical data than in the DR and antihypertensive literature. Finally, quantitative analysis of the dataset revealed that patients taking β-blockers were statistically more likely to have DR than patients taking other medications, controlling for presence of hypertension and year of diabetes onset. This finding was concerning given the prevalence of β-blockers in the clinical data. We determined that clinical use of β-blockers should be minimized in diabetic patients to prevent retinal damage.


By introducing cooperation operators into computing tree logic(CTL*),alternating-time temporal logic(ATL*) which is an important kind of multi-agent cooperation logics was developed by Alur et al.However,temporal information containing uncertainty was not described in ATL*.Research is carried out to address this problem.By analyzing fuzzy temporal events,fuzzy temporal states,and describing relative time,concurrent game structures are extended.Based on this new semantic structure,fuzzy alternating-time temporal logic(FATL*) is developed.It is shown that FATL* is more expressive than ATL*.


Accurate modeling of devices is critical to efficient computer aided design and optimization. Commonly encountered modeling techniques include empirical formulae, equivalent circuits, and black-box models. Important criteria in device modeling are model accuracy, computational simplicity, generality of the modeling approach, etc. In this paper, we present a multi-dimensional CAD algorithm to device modeling based on a concept often referred to as binning. For a given set of data either from measurements or simulations, the proposed algorithm leads to an accurate model comprising of a set of sub-models with best possible accuracy, while keeping the model structure simple. The algorithm is general and can be applied in the context of any black-box modeling technique; however, we demonstrate multi-dimensional neural modeling of active and passive components. Resulting models are shown to exhibit relatively better accuracies compared to those developed via standard modeling approaches.


Physics as a discipline in El Salvador's higher education system has struggled historically; however, since 1991, it has enjoyed a growth-friendly environment. While there are few female physicists in El Salvador, they are employed in various organizations and educational institutions, demonstrating that physics is a viable career path. El Salvador currently offers a range of opportunities for women in physics. With the support of the 5th IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics, we will both meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities that face female physicists in El Salvador.


Nonstationary structural response is currently an active area of interest in earthquake engineering.Low computational efficiency is problematic for nonstationary seismic responses of linear structures based on wavelet transformation.An improved method is thus proposed whereby seismic responses are obtained with time-frequency characteristics.Seismic signals were inputted directly into the structure and seismic responses were obtained by time domain analysis.The response of different scales and time-frequency characters of the seismic response were then reflected by wavelet decomposition and reconstruction.Using multi-resolution analysis(MRA) of wavelet transformation and modal analysis of the structural response,results from this new modified method were shown to be consistent with results of the existing conventional method.A numerical example illustrates the accuracy of the new method.


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