Today's fight for bringing as much as possible tourists at our side wants creativity for this problem. At our neighbours and in the world one of the forms to provocate tourists is the development of astrotourisam. For this
need geographical, metereological, traffic and technical conditions.
Baba Mountain supplies all conditions need to development of this discipline. Certainly the most serious access for rapid development for astrotourisam is traffic, building astronomical observatory and places for visitors. The analyses showed that on Baba mountain are amazing geographical and meteorological conditions.
Our astronomic club and our astro- camps are interested to cooperate with other foreign clubs. The only disadvantage of development of astro-tourisam in Macedonia is that we do not have camps where people can stay, we do not have any observatory and traffic is not good.
The statistics confirms, if there is a good astronomical action astro-tourisam attracts 5000-10000 visitors per year. This number is much higher in places, which have
planetariums. The development of astro- tourisam is influenced by organization and it's politics. In fact Bitola is unique where could attraction could exists.


The Executive Director of the Community Learning Partnership and Senior Fellow at the Wagner School of Public Service at New York University, Andrew Mott, talked with GUNI about the implication of universities creating educational programs to prepare people for careers in community development and social change. Mott highlights the importance of innovative programmes that include a multi-disciplinary point of view, offer experiential as well as classroom learning and give priority to communities and their issues in the research system.


To understand why this quest was so prolonged, one needs to go back to the technologies of the 1970s and 1980s. Factor VIII is a cofactor for conversion of factorX to factorXa by activated factor IX and is the rarest of all the clotting factors in blood. Not surprisingly, it was the last but one of the classical blood coagulation factors to yield to the advance of molecular biology (in 1984, 2 years before tissue factor and vonWillebrand factor).Topurify enoughprotein for biochemical characterization was beyond the limits of technology available to researchers up to 1980. Then, progressively new techniques enabled even the rarest of proteins to be isolated. Thus, factorVIIIwas purified and sequenced and its gene cloned. Earlier efforts to localize the organs making factor VIII showed that the liver of a normal dog transplanted into a dog with hemophilia corrected the bleeding tendency by elevating the dog's blood factor VIII level up to 50% of normal. In the reverse experiment, a normal dog with a hemophilic liver still maintained a factor VIII level of 50%. Later, we found that a hepatocyte-rich cell fraction from human donor liver contained factor VIII messenger RNA and factor VIII antigen, but there remained lingering doubt about the actual cell type involved. Studies in rodents showed that liver endothelium contained factor VIII antigen, and the original cross transplantation work demonstrated that cells other than hepatocytes must be able to make half the factor VIII circulating in blood. Recently, it has been shown convincingly that factor VIII activity and antigen are confined to cells sorted individually from liver that carry markers restricted to endothelium. The papers published in this issue complete the story using sophisticated cellular biology methods not even dreamt of in the 1980s. In one study using a Cre/lox-dependent conditional knockout model, hepatocytespecific factor VIII knockout mice are indistinguishable from controls, whereas efficient endothelial knockout models display a severe hemophilic phenotype with no detectable plasma FVIII activity. In the other study, Lman1 conditional knockout mice were generated to characterize the FVIII secretion profiles of endothelial cells and hepatocytes. Because Lman1 is essential for export of factor VIII from cellular sites of synthesis, it was again shown that only if endothelial cells have no Lmann1 does the factor VIII level fall and hence that they are the primary biosynthetic source of murine FVIII. Conversely, when hepatocytes made no Lmann1, the plasma FVIII pool was unaffected. Taken together, these studies conclusively demonstrate that hepatocytes have no role in factor VIII biosynthesis, a role that is fulfilled by endothelial cells in the liver and elsewhere. This result must raise the question of why hepatocytes synthesize every other circulating factor necessary for clot formation yet specifically omit one crucial cofactor in the enzymatic cascade leading to thrombin formation and conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Several explanations come to mind. Perhaps it is dangerous to have a complete cascade in one cell, with risk of intracellular fibrin formation and adverse consequences for hepatocytes. Against this is the observation that expression of factor VIII at high levels in the hepatocytes of mice receiving gene transfer had no such effect. Alternatively, it may be that having factor VIII made throughout the circulation in cells that also make the carrier molecule von Willebrand factor is efficient and also allows for localized targeted release that occurs when those cells are damaged or in response to certain physiological stimuli such as norepinephrine and exercise. Whatever the evolutionary explanation may be, it is satisfying to know at last the true source of factor VIII. Conflict-of-interestdisclosure:Theauthordeclares no competing financial interests. n


Chapters 4,7 and 6,7 of Aulus Gellius' Noctes Atticae give the opinion of the grammarian Probus on the accentuation of some controversial forms. Our study aims at showing that Probus followed a new method, which was only based on the prestige of literary models (auctoritas), instead of the traditional categories of analogy and anomaly.


We analyse a novel hybrid semiconductor field-effect transistor (FET), known as the junctionless tunnel FET (JL-TFET). We show that a parasitic bipolar transistor action, which is highly undesirable in conventional metal/oxide/semiconductor FETs and junctionless transistors, is the mechanism that activates the JL-TFET ON state. It is found that the sub-threshold slope (SS) in the JL-TFET is strongly dependent on the silicon thickness and a sub-60 mV/decade SS is observed for a thin silicon body only. We further study the JL-TFET design parameters as regards the effects of the control gate workfunction, P-gate workfunction, and isolation region on the JL-TFET characteristics.


Background Esophageal cancer is among the most common gastrointestinal cancers for which the main treatment is surgery. This study was undertaken to analyze the results of Botox injection in preventing gastric stasis in these patients. Patients and methods 60 patients with esophageal cancer in the middle and lower third parts were included in our study between 2010 and 2011, and were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, 30 patients underwent pyloroplasty, and in group B, injection of botulinum toxin into the pyloric sphincter muscle was used in 30 patients. Results The mean age of these patients was 61 ± 10.7 years and the male/female ratio was 33:27. Isotope scans 3 weeks after surgery showed that 5 patients in group A and 3 in group B had delayed gastric emptying; there was no significant difference between the 2 groups, and the success rate of Botox injection was 90%. Conclusion Considering the fact that there was no significant difference between pyloroplasty and Botox injection on gastric emptying after surgery, and given the need to use less-aggressive techniques and facilitate greater use of endoscopic methods, botulinum toxin injection may be used instead of pyloroplasty as a simple, effective, and complication-free method to prevent delayed gastric emptying.


Background: Currently, left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are a successful surgical treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure on the waiting list or with contraindicated heart transplantation. In Russia, Sputnik 1 LVAD was also successfully introduced into clinical practice as a bridge-to-transplant and a destination therapy device. Development of Sputnik 2 LVAD was aimed at miniaturization to reduce invasiveness, optimize hemocompatibility, and improve versatility for patients of various sizes. Methods: We compared hemolysis level in flow path of the Sputnik LVADs and investigated design aspects influencing other types of blood damage, using predictions of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental assessment. The investigated operating point was a flow rate of 5 L/min and a pressure head of 100 mm Hg at an impeller rotational speed of 9100 min−1. Results: Mean hemolysis indices predicted with CFD were 0.0090% in the Sputnik 1 and 0.0023% in the Sputnik 2. Averaged values of normalized index of hemolysis obtained experimentally for the Sputnik 1 and the Sputnik 2 were 0.011 ± 0.003 g/100 L and 0.004 ± 0.002 g/100 L, respectively. Conclusions: Obtained results indicate obvious improvements in hemocompatibility and sufficiently satisfy the determined miniaturization aim for the Sputnik 2 LVAD development.


In mordern time ,Wuhan's urban economy had a great development.One of the cause was the geographical environment played an important role.Geographical location and geomorphic evolution especially controled development of Wuhan City,and influenced economic distribution and industrial structure, finally impacted on the politics ,such as xin-Hai Revolution occurred.In this paper the writers discuessed that the remove of Han Shui River mouth and construction of man-made dikes along the Changjiang River greatly expanded Hankou city area.The distribution of network of rivers promoted the great advance of water transport,and the superior geographic location formed the hub of railway in Central China.The aim of the authors is to provide the historical experiences to benefit the mordern construction of Wuhan City.


We hybridize CdSe/ZnS core-shell nanocrystals on InGaN/GaN near-UV/blue LEDs to generate light widely tunable across the visible spectral range and within the white region of the chromaticity diagram with adjustable tristimulus coordinates. We present the design, growth, fabrication, and characterization of these nanocrystal- hybridized LEDs.


Betweenness centrality measures how critical a node is to information flow in a network. A node is critical (and hence should have high betweeness) if it is on many shortest paths. Two shortcomings of such a measure are: (i) It ignores nodes on "almost shortest" paths; (ii) It assumes that a node can provide the same attention to information flow through each of those shortest paths, no matter how many shortest paths the node controls. There have been attempts to address these concerns in the literature, with partial success. We provide a new measure, attentive betweenness centrality (ABC), that measures criticality by the amount of attention a node devotes to the information flow between other nodes. Our measure addresses both the aforementioned concerns and can be computed efficiently. It performs as well or better than betweenness centrality on both stylized networks and large scale real data networks, and hence provides a useful tool for measuring node criticality.


This paper deals with the courses of the semantic redundancy from the pragmatics,and the functions,condition,channel and the action in the course of the semantic transformation through the analysis of the semantic change of the word "lady".


In the framework of membrane computing, several interesting results concerning frontiers of efficiency between the complexity classes P and NP have been found by using different ingredients. One of the main characteristics of cell-like membrane systems is their rooted tree-like structure, where a natural parent-children membrane relationship exists, and objects can travel through the membranes. Separation rules are used as a method to obtain an exponential workspace in terms of membranes in polynomial time. Inspired by cell meiosis, objects from the original membrane are distributed between the two new membranes. In this work, P systems with evolutional symport/antiport rules and separation rules are used to give a solution to SAT, a well known NP-complete problem. One of the advantages of this solution is the use of the environment as a passive agent.


288 concepts became prevalent and dominant in prewar Japan without understanding how the concepts were accepted by ordinary Japanese. Mizuno shows the voices of some readers of popular scientific magazines, but her analysis of the consumer side is weaker than that of the producer side. She carefully justifies her focus on the latter side, and this is acceptable because the book is not really a sociological treatise. Nonetheless, we need an analysis of the former side to draw a comprehensive picture of scientific nationalism in prewar Japan. I may have demanded too much, but Mizuno's study of scientific nationalism is so fascinating and intriguing that the lack of an analysis of its consumer side is a pity. I hope that she or another historian of Japanese intellectual history will study the acceptance/diffusion process of scientific nationalism in prewar Japan.


: In order to determine design capacities for various components of municipal and rural domestic water supply systems, engineers must estimate water requirements for an entire year (water rights), for the peak season (reservoir storage), for the peak day (pump or treatment plant size), and for peak hour (pipeline sizes). Historically, per capita water use rates have varied greatly between systems, particularly in semiarid regions where outdoor demands are large. The resulting uncertainty in design capacity estimates can cause either inadequate capacities or premature investment. In order to minimize that uncertainty multiple regression and frequency analyses were made of the various water demand parameters mentioned above for 14 systems in Utah and Colorado. Specifically, demand functions are reported for average month, peak month, and peak day. Peak hour demands were also studied but are reported in a different paper. The independent variables which were significant for monthly and daily demands were price of water and an outdoor use index which includes the effect of variation in landscaped area and accounts for use of supplementary ditch or pressure irrigation systems. The demand functions were developed with data from systems varying in size from very small low density rural systems to Salt Lake City's water system. The correlation coefficients (R2) vary from 0.80 to 0.95.


The design of high-speed circuits and optimization of function of technological and geometrical parameters are presented. Various modeling aspects are discussed, such as model accuracy for InP heterojunction bipolar transistor and modeling with technological and geometrical parameters. MUX-driver design and optimization for 40-Gb/s ETDM transmission is presented. The impact of collector thickness (W/sub c/) on driver performances is evaluated and assessed by circuit fabrication and measurements. Results of 40-Gb/s electrical measurements and optical experiment with realized MUX-driver module are presented.


To the Editor:— The editorial on John Hughlings Jackson ( JAMA 189 :692 [Aug 31] 1964) calls for two comments. The editorial says that Jacksonian epilepsy "is characterized by progression of local spasm, usually unilateral, with retention of consciousness." I believe the intended meaning is correct, but the reader may find the statement ambiguous. The Jacksonian seizure always starts with unilateral spasm. The spasm may progress to become bilateral. Consciousness may be lost, but, if so, it is late in the seizure, never at the start. The editorial says that "Jackson preferred the term 'cortical epilepsy'...." for what we today speak of as Jacksonian epilepsy. The truth is quite to the contrary: Jackson objected to this term. Thus he wrote ( Selected Writings of John Hughlings Jackson , vol 1, 415): "I do not use the term 'cortical epilepsy,' because both epileptic and epileptiform seizures are, to my thinking, cortical fits."


Context. The next generation of galaxy surveys will provide cluster catalogues probing an unprecedented range of scales, redshifts, and masses with large statistics. Their analysis should therefore enable us to probe the spatial distribution of clusters with high accuracy and derive tighter constraints on the cosmological parameters and the dark energy equation of state. However, for the majority of these surveys, redshifts of individual galaxies will be mostly estimated by multiband photometry which implies non-negligible errors in redshift resulting in potential difficulties in recovering the real-space clustering. Aims. We investigate to which accuracy it is possible to recover the real-space two-point correlation function of galaxy clusters from cluster catalogues based on photometric redshifts, and test our ability to detect and measure the redshift and mass evolution of the correlation length r 0 and of the bias parameter b ( M,z ) as a function of the uncertainty on the cluster redshift estimate. Methods. We calculate the correlation function for cluster sub-samples covering various mass and redshift bins selected from a 500 deg 2 light-cone limited to H σ z . The dispersion is varied in the range \hbox{$\sigma_{(z=0)}=\frac{\sigma_{z}}{1+z_{\rm c}} = 0.005,0.010,0.030$} and 0.050, in order to cover the typical values expected in forthcoming surveys. The correlation function in real-space is then computed through estimation and deprojection of w p ( r p ). Four mass ranges (from M halo > 2 × 10 13 h -1 M ⊙ to M halo > 2 × 10 14 h -1 M ⊙ ) and six redshift slices covering the redshift range [0, 2] are investigated, first using cosmological redshifts and then for the four photometric redshift configurations. Results. From the analysis of the light-cone in cosmological redshifts we find a clear increase of the correlation amplitude as a function of redshift and mass. The evolution of the derived bias parameter b ( M,z ) is in fair agreement with theoretical expectations. We calculate the r 0 − d relation up to our highest mass, highest redshift sample tested ( z = 2, M halo > 2 × 10 14 h -1 M ⊙ ). From our pilot sample limited to M halo > 5 × 10 13 h -1 M ⊙ (0.4 z w p ( r p ) within an accuracy of 5% for σ z = 0.001 × (1 + z c ) and within 10% for σ z = 0.03 × (1 + z c ). For higher dispersions (besides σ z > 0.05 × (1 + z c )), the recovery becomes noisy and difficult. The evolution of the correlation in redshift and mass is clearly detected for all σ z tested, but requires a large binning in redshift to be detected significantly between individual redshift slices when increasing σ z . The best-fit parameters ( r 0 and γ ) as well as the bias obtained from the deprojection method for all σ z are within the 1 σ uncertainty of the z c sample.


The official Yuefu in the Southern Dynasty come down in the Eastern Jin Dynasty with little changes, and meanwhile, the qingshang of new sound among the people turn into the golden ages, and take up very important position not only in the common life but also influenced in the court ceremony and propriety protocol music, especially affected the composition by the scholars. The official Yuefu in Northern Dynasty were mostly similar to the one of Southern, while the one in Sui basically followed Wei and Southern Jin. All of the music in the song-poem of Yuefu got influence by Hu-music, come into being the features of combination Hu and Han since Northern Wei.


This main objective of this article is to identify the impact of stress among college teachers and their impact, to identify the ways in which the stress related factors to be handled and how to make the minds of the arts college teachers to make comfort in their position and also to reduce their occupational stress. The existing reviews were also taken for this study for better understanding and to have in-depth analysis for better outcome. Moreover the relevant hypotheses were also tested to conclude certain possible ways to reduce stress among Arts and Science college teachers.


Ayurveda, the ancient science of life has given a great importance to the concept of srotas as no substance moves or transports into or out of the body without these channels. Acharyas of yore have described the Purusha is made- up of innumerable srotas. The diagnosis and treatment in Ayurveda are built on the fundamental principles like how the srotas are vitiated and what symptoms they exhibit. Innumerable srotas are present in body representing infinite elements transporting in the entire body. Conceptually body has as many srotas as it contains the biochemical entities and all metabolic activities take place in connection with the srotas. Acharya Charaka mentioned there are 13 srotases where as Sushruta explained 11 paired srotases. Pranavaha Srotas is a specific channel in which Pranavayu enters, nourishes and maintains the activities in the body. Hridaya has its role in the Pranvahan karma i.e. conveying Prana all over the body and hence Hridaya is considered its Moolasthana. There are many factors which are the definite indicative of Pranavaha srotas can be correlated with the Respiratory system. All clinical conditions associated with organs of the respiratory system can be considered same as clinical conditions affecting the Pranavaha srotas.
Keywords: Pranavaha srotas, Hridaya, Mahasrotas, Viddha lakshana, Pradushta lakshana, Shwasa, Respiratory system, Anoxia.


During the Spanish Civil War, Denis Marion (1906-2000) has been, without any doubt, one of the most active and committed Belgian intellectual to the Spanish Republic. Since the very beginning of the hostilities, as editor in chief of the Belgian anti-fascist newspaper Combat, he kept on encouraging his homologues to support the legal Spanish government and to report the aggressions of the fascist powers against the Spanish people. In July 1937, Marion took part in the Second meeting of the Association internationale des écrivains pour la défense de culture in Valencia, Madrid and Barcelona; from his stay in Spain, he left us an important testimony. In 1938-1939, he will be Malraux assistant in the stage of Sierra de Teruel.


Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer in women with an incidence of 295 414 cases and a rate of 7.8 per 100,000 women identified in 2018, accounting for 3.4% of female malignant tumors. It contributes to women mortality with a rate of 4.9 per 100, 000. This relatively high mortality rate is associated with delayed onset of symptoms and lack of appropriate screening tools which lead to its diagnosis in advanced stages. There are different histological types of ovarian cancer. The epithelial type being the prevailing one. Various risk factors affect the development of ovarian cancer. Age and ABSTRACT


A compound of formula I: or an addition salt of pharmaceutically acceptable acid thereof, wherein; X is -C (R4) = or -N =; Ar is phenyl, substituted phenyl, heterocycle or substituted heterocycle; R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or C1-C3 alkyl; R3 is hydrogen, fluorine or methyl; when X is -C (R4) =, R4 is hydrogen, fluorine or methyl, provided that no more than one of R3 and R4 can be other than hydrogen; and R5 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.


We review our recent results on the high-repetition rate pulse fiber lasers with the assistance of 2D materials decorated microfiber. Up to the order of 100 GHz pulse could be obtained from the laser.


NTEU NT Division will conduct a protected action ballot in relation to the slow progress of bargaining at the Batchelor Institute for Indigenous Tertiary Education (BIITE).


Various robot platforms have been designed and developed to perform given tasks in a hazardous environment for surveillance, reconnaissance, search and rescue, etc. We considered a terrain-adaptive and transformable hybrid robot platform that is equipped for rapid navigation on flat floors and good performance in overcoming stairs or obstacles. The mode transition is determined and implemented by adaptive driving mode control of the mobile robot. The terrain-adaptive and user-friendly remote control was verified through its navigation performance experiments in real and test-bed environments.


Current efforts are focused on the search for efficient methods of pathogen management that will not result in damage to the environment or cause an imbalance in the existing biota. One of the strategies for this is the use of nanoparticles in agriculture for disease management. This review presents a summative view on the various applications of nanoparticles in conferring disease resistance to crops and the possibility of using nanoparticles as carriers of genetic material for the generation of disease resistant crops. Nanoparticles are directly being used for the control of pathogens. Nanoparticles have been used as antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial agents. The nano-encapsulation of pesticides in controlled release matrices is one of the most promising research areas for the future. Nano-encapsulation has been shown to increase the efficiency of pesticides, reduce their volatilisation and decrease the toxicity and environmental contamination in crops. Nano-encapsulated agrochemicals or biomolecules can be engineered to be released in a controlled manner and in a target-specific location. Nanoparticles also have great scope in the field of transgenics vis-à-vis pathogen resistance. The field of agriculture can be revolutionised by the use of nanoparticles for imparting disease resistance in crops. The field is so versatile that the possibilities are endless.


A waveform-recording equipment with high-performance MCU ADuC812 is introduced.This device employs the on-chip A/D conversion and its DMA function to accumulate and record analog signal waveforms and save to USB storage device or to transmit the outcome to PC for(analysis.) The designing thoughts and hardware circuit of the device and the basic procedures of A/D conversion by DMA approach are to be discussed with emphasis.


This article presents an efficient and robust estimator called compatibility-guided sampling consensus (CG-SAC) to achieve accurate 3-D point cloud registration. For correspondence-based registration methods, the random sample consensus (RANSAC) is served as a de facto solution for rigid transformation estimation from a number of feature correspondences. Unfortunately, RANSAC still suffers from two major limitations. First, it generates a hypothesis with at least three samples and desires a very large number of iterations to attain reasonable results, making it relatively time consuming. Second, the randomness during sampling can result in inaccurate results as it is highly potential to miss the optimal hypothesis. To solve these problems, we propose a compatibility-guided sampling strategy to eliminate randomness during sampling. In particular, only two correspondences are required by our method for hypothesis generation. We then rank correspondence pairs according to their compatibility scores because compatible correspondences are more likely to be correct and can yield more reasonable hypotheses. In addition, we propose a new geometric constraint named the distance between salient points (DSP) to measure the compatibility of two correspondences. Experiments on a set of real-world point cloud data with different application contexts and data modalities confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Comparison with several state-of-the-art estimators demonstrates the overall superiority of our CG-SAC estimator with regards to precision and time efficiency.


A method of approximate analysis is given for linear and nonlinear circuits subjected to sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal applied voltages. In brief, the method may be said to be a periodic analogue of the technique of time series. Waveforms are represented by an n-component operator giving the values of the wave at each of n ordinates. For waves containing only odd harmonics, the half-cycle is divided into n parts, while for those containing even harmonics the complete cycle is divided into n parts. The central feature of the method is the use of a shift operator, u, which translates any waveform to the right by l/nth of a half-cycle or of a complete cycle as the case may be. The fundamental relations un = - 1 and un = 1 are obtained in the two cases respectively. For linear circuit work the method is advantageous where the periodic input is numerically or graphically specified and where a similar description of the output is required. The procedure is then to form, according to certain rules, an impedance operator for the circuit and to operate on the inverse of the impedance operator, i.e. the admittance operator, by the input wave of applied voltage. The waveform of the current, or the output in the case of a transfer-function operator, is then obtained. From this, r.m.s. values and powers are easily computed. Since the method relates basically to operations on non-sinusoidal waveforms displaced with respect to each other, it is also suitable for e.m.f. calculations in distributed coil groups moving in non-sinusoidal fields. In the solution of non-linear circuits, e.g. those containing ironcored coils or non-linear resistors, the current is obtained by a process of continued approximation. This can be done very simply. An initial solution is assumed or a very rough calculation made in order to start the procedure. One particular method of doing this is to assume that all of the applied voltage acts across the non-linearity. From the static characteristic of the no


There has been a tendency, as exemplified by the works of Abiola Irele (1981) and S. E. Ogude (1983), to relate the history of written African literature to significant events that have taken place on the continent. According to them, after the slave trade, the major historical event that gave birth to serious poetry in Africa was the colonial experience, during which Leopold Sedar Senghor, for example, sang the celebrative songs of negritude. Following on the heels of the negritude poets, however, was a distinctly new generation of African poetsChristopher Okigbo, Wole Soyinka, J. P. Clark, Michael Echeruo-whose arrival on the scene, it could be argued, revealed the primary pre-occupations of subsequent African poetry. This debut corresponds with the events of the early 1960s when most African countries were achieving their independence from colonial rule. The poetry of this period is generally defined as post-colonial, but it is post-colonial in more than a mere temporal sense for its words and rhythms reflect not only the spirit of exuberance that heralded independence, but also a growing disenchantment with the dismal performance of African politicians. Soyinka's poem "Season" (Idanre and Other Poems 45) illustrates this ambivalence. Although the dominant imagery of farming endows the poem with a universalist significance, it also refers specifically to the Nigerian situation just after independence-a situation that Soyinka compares to a season of harvest during which the people expect their struggles against colonialism. This situation is also depicted as a mating time when the "swallows / weave a dance" on the pollen. The dominant mood of the poem is that of joy, as harvesters "loved... to hear / Rasps in the field where corn leaves / Pierce


Abstract A new species, Lepidium naufragorum Garn.-Jones et D.A.Norton, is described. It is compared with L. flexicaule, with which it had previously been included. L. naufragorum is endemic to West-land, and known from only six sites. It is assigned the IUCN threat status of "Rare", reflecting its restricted distribution and potential for decline. L. flexicaule is apparently extinct in the North Island, but occurs sparingly between Cape Farewell and Punakaiki in the South Island, where its distribution overlaps with that of L. naufragorum. Taxonomic status and variation of L. banksii, L. obtusatum, and L. oleraceum are discussed, and a key to indigenous coastal species of Lepidium is provided.


F ollowing the 2018 Nobel Prize for Medicine, global attention is now more than ever turned toward the promise of immunotherapy in oncology. An international team's work has shed new light on a molecule called TIM-3 that might play a key role in the regulation of the immune response. Scientists and physicians have singled out this protein as the next potential target for immunotherapy treatments in patients with cancer and other diseases. Study results were recently published in Nature Genetics (2018; doi:10.1038/ s41588-018-0251-4). The researchers are from the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), the Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC (MCH-MUHC), and McGill University in collaboration with French teams from AP-HP, Inserm, Université Paris-Descartes, and the Imagine Institute at the Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital. The research team found that when the TIM-3 protein is suppressed or inactive then the immune system becomes completely "unleashed" and T cells are uncontrollably overactivated, resulting in subcutaneous panniculitis T lymphoma. The team of researchers identified two founder mutations at the origin of this syndrome, which act directly on the TIM-3 protein, preventing it from expressing itself on the surface of the lymphocytes and attacking the cancer cells. They also found that this form of lymphoma associated with overactivation of the immune response was more widespread than they first thought. Both mutations have been found in individuals of East Asian, Australian, and Polynesian origin as well as in patients of European origin.


Models of finite mixtures of normal densities conditional on regressor variables are specified and estimated. The authors consider mixtures of multivariate normals where the expected value for each component depends on nonnormal regressor variables. The expected values and covariance matrices of the mixture components are parameterized using conditional mean- and covariance-structures. The authors discuss the construction of the likelihood function and outline the estimation of parameters. In addition, they define fit indices and discuss aspects of model specification and modification that are specific to mixtures of mean- and covariance-structures. Finally, they give an empirical example in which they analyze the importance of automobiles to individuals depending on the latent constructs individualism and ecology-mindedness. It is shown that the sample under consideration comes from three heterogeneous subpopulations. It is demonstrated that each subpopulation may be characterized by a different mean- and covariance-structure.


After more than a century of research the typical growth pattern of a tree was thought to be fairly well understood. Following germination height growth accelerates for some time, then increment peaks and the added height each year becomes less and less. The cross sectional area (basal area) of the tree follows a similar pattern, but the maximum basal area increment occurs at some time after the maximum height increment. An increase in basal area in a tall tree will add more volume to the stem than the same increase in a short tree, so the increment in stem volume (or mass) peaks very late. Stephenson et al. challenge this paradigm, and suggest that mass increment increases continuously. Their analysis methods however are a textbook example of the ecological fallacy, and their conclusions therefore unsupported.


Shortly after the outbreak of war in September 1939, the yacht Ron Bhan put in at the Irish town of Athlone. On board was a family of sorts: a striking man of theatrical bearing, his wife, sister and adult daughter. The party maintained they were on their way to the French Riviera, but had been taken by surprise by the declaration of hostilities and had decided to put in at the Shannon. As British subjects, their arrival elicited little undue interest. Enjoying a legal right to reside in Éire, they would not have to report to the local office of the Garda Sı́ochána (Guardians of the Peace, the Irish police) as other foreigners were required to do under the provisions of the Aliens Act (1935). The family even bought a little cottage at Bray, and a second residence where the man 'resided with his entourage for various periods'. It seemed a harmless idyll—a wealthy British family waiting out the war in sleepy, neutral Ireland. Yet as the war progressed and the threat of invasion frayed nerves in Dublin, both G2 (Irish military intelligence) and the Garda determined to have a closer look at their guests' backgrounds and activities. Then came some disturbing reports. '[He] hopes to do for Scotland what Padraig Pearse did for Ireland', G2 was informed in November 1940. Even the Ron Bhan had reportedly been procured 'to do in Scotland what Erskine Childers did in Howth'. The man in question went by the name of Ronald MacDonald Douglas, and he was a well-known militant Scottish nationalist. Douglas was one of a number of Scottish militants who spent the Second World War ('The Emergency') in exile in Ireland. Some fled to Ireland when war was declared; others were in the country already as a legacy of their participation in the Irish War of Independence and Civil War. While their presence does not represent a mass migration or diaspora—the total number of such militants was probably less than a dozen—those involved did represent some of the major advocates of 'physical force' nationalism, at a time when the Scottish National Party (SNP) was in crisis over its attitude to war, conscription and opposition to fascism. These militants represent the first significant influx of foreign minority nationalist refugees to the independent Irish state, even though, as will be shown, their presence and activities produced more alarm than sympathy. A study of these individuals' histories, and their motivations in leaving Scotland for Éire, also reveals much about the inspiration Scots militants found in the Irish fight for independence. Conversely, Irish records concerning resident Scots nationalists reveal a great deal about the enduring constitutional relationship, and critical security issues, between Dublin and London. These would have a significant impact upon attitudes towards those Scots engaged, as they saw it, in a struggle directly inspired by the Irish.


By using the toughening technology adding nano-SiC in the casting process, the effect of the adding technology and the addition amount(0.05%, 0.1%) of nano-SiC to the microstructure and the average coefficient of thermal expansion of the ordinary HT250 and alloying HT250 were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of HT250 with nano-SiC is refined; the graphite sheet of the microstructure is short and evenly distributed, which has little cutting effect on the matrix. Compared with the original HT250, the thermal expansion of the gray iron with modified nano-SiC is decreased obviously.


Housing supply elasticities are central parameters required for quantitative analysis addressing a wide range of questions in urban and real estate economics. Despite huge variation across neighborhoods within metro areas, researchers often employ metro area level supply elasticity estimates to analyze neighborhood level phenomena due to lack of neighborhood level estimates. Moreover, there exists scant quasi-experimental evidence about the components of new housing services supply. This paper reports housing supply elasticity estimates for most U.S. urban neighborhoods and demonstrates the importance of accounting for neighborhood level heterogeneity within metro areas. Supply elasticity estimates for housing services are decomposed into those for housing units on newly developed land, already developed land and the intensive margin of supply. Consistent with housing production function estimates from the literature, estimated neighborhood level elasticities of the supply of housing services with respect to price is between 2.5 and 4.3 on average across urban census tracts. The average price elasticity of quantity of new units supplied is 0.2 to 0.9, with about one-third of this response due to redevelopment. Supply elasticity increases with CBD distance, in part because of increasing neighborhood land availability from reductions in the fraction already developed. Tracts with flat land also exhibit more elastic supply. Conditional on census tract level measures of land unavailability, analogous metro area measures do not significantly influence tract level supply estimates. Identification comes from variation in labor demand shocks to commuting destinations, as aggregated using an urban economic geography model. Aggregation of neighborhood level supply elasticities yields metro area supply elasticities that are correlated with but smaller than those reported in Saiz (2010). *We thank Camilo Acosta, Rolando Campusano and Ian Herzog for excellent research assistance.


Longitudinal Trends in Postpartum Mental Health, Cognition and Steroid Hormones by Chandler R. Marrs Dr. Douglas P. Ferraro, Examination Committee Chair Professor of Psychology University of Nevada, Las Vegas The temporal association between psychiatric and cognitive disturbances during pregnancy and postpartum is clear in the literature. However, associations between these disturbances and puerperal hormones are equivocal. The present study followed nine primigravid women from late pregnancy through one year postpartum to investigate trends in psychiatric and cognitive disturbances relative to postpartum hormone changes. Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological instruments at 37 weeks of pregnancy, at 10 days and four-, eightand twelve-months postpartum and provided salivary specimen from which dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), testosterone, estradiol and estriol concentrations were quantified. Results showed psychiatric disturbances and cognitive decrements in late pregnancy that often worsened following parturition. Psychiatric symptoms generally resolved by four months postpartum and were associated predominantly with elevated DHEAS.


A large multi-HVDC infeeded receiving power network is being formed in Guangdong with the strategic plan "west-to-east power transmission" being implemented. Optimal planning is in urgent need to furthest meet the demand of dynamic voltage stability of the receiving network with the finite investment. The voltage collapse loss is evaluated based on risk assessment theory and post-contingency state transition analysis, by which economic assessment for security benefit of dynamic voltage support can be realized. A new model of dynamic voltage support optimization for receiving networks is then presented, in which the objective function is set to maximize the annual average benefit while meeting constraints in various conditions. Finally through the static load margin analysis and dynamic!simulation on Guangdong power grid, the validity of the model proposed is proved and demonstrated.


The film "Slamdog Millionaire" directed by Daniel Boyle has won many awards since it was released.It made such a hit because it centers around the theme of "love",in which the director sings highly of love full of warm human nature through the love experience of the main characters.Moreover,the film highlights the theme of "American Dream" and upholds the value and significance of personal strivings.Besides,the combination of cultural theme and the question-and-answer mode also adds luster to this film.


Shihezi University started its practice and probe in its evaluation work of undergraduate teaching since 2002. Under the guidance of a sustainable educational ideology and with a view to establishing a long-term standing mechanism of building a teaching evaluation system, Shihezi University has initially laid its groundwork for such an evaluation mechanism based on a constructive standpoint, with its major content as the construction of a characteristically systematic, responsibility-oriented, mechanism-operated teaching evaluation. In so doing, we may in a real sense serve our evaluation system as a source and an endless driving force for facilitating the building and development of our higher learning institutions.


The control node of the multi-tenant stream management service receives a request to initialize a data stream comprising a plurality of data recording. The control node according partitioning strategy, acquisition of data recording, storage, determining the parameters used to configure the subsystem for search. The control node identifies the sources used in the node of the search subsystem. Search node includes a respective interface that is configured to implement a non-sequential access pattern and sequential access patterns to implement a program recording search interface. The control node constitutes the search node using the selected resources. .FIELD 5


In article dynamics of change of the relation of the state to marriage and procedure of divorce during the Soviet period of history of Russia is considered. The author allocates three stages of development of procedure of divorce: after October revolution of 1917 when the state extremely democratized the specified institutes; from the middle of 30th years when change of a family policy of the state, expressed in toughening of the divorce legislation was outlined; the period from the beginning of 60th years before acceptance of the operating Family code of the Russian Federation. Also in article influence of a changing family policy of the state on reforming of procedure of divorce is analyzed.


Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) thought to be due to dysregulation in immune responses. To study the regulatory role of B cells in CNS autoimmunity, we used the animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), in which we demonstrated a regulatory role for B cells in the resolution of EAE using B cell deficient (μMT) mice. FoxP3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells have also been shown to suppress EAE. We have demonstrated a link between B cells expressing B7 and the presence of FoxP3+ Tregs in the CNS of mice with EAE, suggesting crosstalk between B cells and Tregs. To further study this crosstalk, we performed anti-CD20 depletion of B cells. Following B cell depletion, mice exhibited chronic disease as in μMT, but partial depletion of B cells resulted in resolution of EAE. We then investigated the role of B cells in the development, peripheral maintenance and function of Tregs. B cell depletion had no effect on Treg development or function. However, a significant reduction in the number of Tregs paralleled total B cell loss, whereas with partial B cell depletion Tregs were unaffected. Resolution of EAE and partial restoration of Treg numbers following B cell reconstitution provided further evidence of the importance of crosstalk between B cells and Tregs in immune regulation. These data suggest a role for B cells in regulating immune tolerance and controlling CNS autoimmunity by maintaining the number of Tregs.


This paper aims to make a review on the existing literatures of Google Site's features and its benefits on teaching and learning process in the classroom. Google Sites is the easiest way to get a quick and up to-date access of data and information online. People can work together on a Site to add file attachments, act as cloud file storage, deliver informations from other Google applications (like Google Drive, Google Calendar, Picasa and Youtube), and new free-form content. It is a platform where creating an educational site together is as easy as editing a document and publish Sites to the world. The Google Sites web application can be access from any Internet connected devices. On the other hand, Google Sites is an educational tool that provides teachers with some theoretical and practical ideas on how to use it in the classroom with students as they can use it as a discussion board, posting homeworks and assignments as well as creating webpages to include course materials. Through all the literature reviews, the findings of this conceptual paper revealed that teachers and students perceive Google Sites as an interactive learning tools that can be integrated in the classroom to assist them in the teaching and learning process.


Single crystal substrates of GaSe, a layered semiconductor with a 2 eV band gap, were epitaxially grown by MBE onto a Si(111)(1×1)–H substrate, forming a perfectly abrupt heterojunction. Controlled amounts of Cu were sequentially deposited onto the clean passive surface of GaSe from a few tenths to several hundred monolayers (1 ML refers to the GaSe surface: 8 × 1014at/cm2). After given Cu depositions, the effect of UHV annealings at increasing temperatures was studied, until GaSe removal. The system was characterized as a function of either Cu deposit or annealing temperature using low energy electron diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy and photoemission yield spectroscopy. The room temperature interaction starts as an apparent intercalation process until Cu islands begin to form, beyond about 50 ML. Upon annealings as low as 250°C, several ML of Cu disappear into the bulk of an apparently recovered GaSe, towards the GaSe/Si interface.


Motorcycle population growth more than 12,1% a year in Bali involved in increasing number of motorcycle accident. To minimized accident rate at road that had high percentage of motorcycle like Sunset Road and 4/2D type of geometric a motorcycle lane (MCL) can be applied. Feasibility of MCL Application must fulfil criteria accident rate, motorcycle proportion, operational speed, saturation degree (V/C) at peak-hour volume (PHV) and minimum road width. Data of traffic volume and motorcycle speed were collected for 8 hours and analyze with MCL criteria (Idris, 2008) and minimum width road. Sunset Road assumed had motorcycle accident rate 55,6%, motorcycle proportion (pcu) 42% or 500 pcu/hour, operational speed 62 km/hour, V/C= 0,45 and road width 6 meters. Compared with the criteria, Sunset Road didn't fulfilled motorcycle proportion criteria 44,17 km/hour, V/C <65 and road width <7,5 m, therefore MCL can't be applied in Sunset Road.


This paper presents a new approach for identifying the lateral dynamics of an automated off-highway agricultural vehicle. A second order model is proposed to represent the vehicle lateral dynamics. An Iterative Learning Identification (ILI) method is used to identify the model parameters. Simulation and experimental results show the convergence of parameters with arbitrarily chosen initial estimations. The estimation results are compared to other traditional identification methods: least square estimation and gradient based adaptive estimation. The results highlight the practical benefit of the ILI approach-i.e. that it can be performed in a relatively small section of field and therefore done prior to actual usage or engagement with crops.


It is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus provided in which a transmission of ultrasonic waves into the object and receiving the reflected within the object, ultrasonic waves are repeatedly performed to obtain a plurality of sequentially continued frames of image data, and is a dynamic image in accordance with the thus obtained image data displayed , According to the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, image data are transmitted to a storage unit for the purpose of a central arithmetic operation for the following frame K + 1, for each pixel I between two types of image data by averaging image data B (K, I) by a central arithmetic operation processing, and a new frame of image data a (k, i) selected prior to the arithmetic operation processing means. Consequently, both the reduction of noise and the ability to follow the movement with greater satisfaction to be implemented.


Aqueous solutions of different pH from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra DC.) extracts were prepared. Effects of different doses/dose rates of gamma irradiation on the red cabbage aqueous solutions were investigated. Solutions were exposed to 110 kGy of gamma irradiation doses at different rates ranged between 0.42513 to 38.883 kGy/h. The absorbance changes, which are due to gamma irradiation exposures, were determined by a spectrophotometry analysis. Results demonstrate that under gamma irradiation exposure variations (doses and dose rates), the best linearity (R2>0.97) of red cabbage solution extract was at a pH=3.3. Results could be of great importance and obviously indicated the efficacy of a natural red cabbage dye as dosimetric indicators.


This paper presents a semantic system for coordinating the management of infrastructure projects. The proposed system starts from three fundamental premises: the use of knowledge (through ontologies and semantic systems), covering all facets of infrastructure projects (products, processes and human actors), and consideration of project aspects other than direct costs.


This disclosure is a method of operating a memory system including a memory device, on the basis of the relative sequencing program sequence stamp showing the relationship between the program operation for a plurality of memory groups in the memory device, the program for the memory device step for managing order information; And mapped to store the read voltage offset and the program sequence stamp corresponding to the read voltage offset table and on the basis of the program sequence information, and a step of controlling the read voltage for performing a read operation on the memory device .


This article discusses the Full Court of the Federal Court decision of Commonwealth of Australia v Anti-Discrimination Tribunal, in particular Justice Kenny's finding that a state tribunal lacked sufficient "institutional arrangements and safeguards" to exercise federal judicial power. Justice Kenny's finding, and its recent endorsement by the High Court in K-Generation v Liquor Licensing Court marks a shift in judicial attitudes towards courts of state, by requiring a much higher standard of independence and impartiality than in the past. Subsequently, we argue that legislatures across Australia must choose to either strengthen these aspects of their decision-making bodies – especially if they wish to bind Commonwealth instrumentalities – or simply accept that they will no longer be acceptable repositories of federal judicial power.


We obtain some conditions under which the positive solution of the numerical approximation for the heat equation ut(x, t) = uxx(x, t),x ∈ (0, 1), t > 0, with the singular boundary condition ux(1, t) = −u−β(1, t), where β > 0 quenches in a finite time and estimate its semidiscrete quenching time. We also establish the convergence of the semidiscrete quenching time and obtain some results on numerical quenching rate and set. Finally we give some numerical results to illustrate our analysis.


This paper considers the fall of the statue of Edward Colston in long historical perspective and reflects on the place of history, memory and 'heritage' within this. The statue has its own long history of protest and challenge, and this paper makes the case for telling the whole history around both its erection and rejection in Bristol.


Abstract. This paper deals with the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic trade-off analysis of a hypersonic flying test bed. Such vehicle will have to be launched with an expendable launcher and shall reenter the Earth atmosphere allowing to perform several experiments on critical re-entry phenomena. The demonstrator under study is a re-entry space glider characterized by a relatively simple vehicle architecture able to validate hypersonic aerothermodynamic design database and passenger experiments, including thermal shield and hot structures. A summary review of the aerodynamic characteristics of two flying test bed concepts, compliant with a phase-A design level, has been provided hereinafter. Several design results, based both on engineering approach and computational fluid dynamics, are reported and discussed in the paper.


e22511 Background: Since 2006 breast cancer has been the main cause of cancer mortality in Mexican women representing 14% of cancer related deaths. In Mexico the incidence and mortality of breast cancer have increased in recent decades and will continue to rise. Despite the vast information media on the prevention of this cancer the diagnosis of between 50 - 70% of cases is carried out in advanced stages probably due to a limited understanding of knowledge and practices of early prevention for breast cancer. Methods: The study universe was 375 Mexican women between 30 - 58 years of age of any socioeconomic level in the open population of Orizaba Veracruz who signed the informed consent form. The socioeconomic level was determined with the index of the Asociación Mexicana de Inteligencia de Mercado y Opinión Pública. The level of knowledge was determined by means of a 10 question survey type test on knowledge and practices of early prevention of breast cancer, based on Norma Oficial Mexicana 041. Period: March-May 2019. Results: Of the 375 women, 145-38.7% corresponded to high, 109-29.1% to medium high, 62-16.5% to medium, 26-6.9% to medium low, 17-4.5% to upper low and 16-4.3% to low socioeconomic levels, respectively. Mean age: 43.17 +7.82. Levels of knowledge were high in 28-7.5%, medium in 211-56.3%, low in 134-35.7% and null in 2-0.5% women respectively. 360-96% received information about prevention of breast cancer . 248-66% knew 1 to 3 risk factors, 101-27% >4 risk factors and 26-7% no risk factors. 338-90% know where to go in case of finding an abnormality in their breasts. 272-72% know the age at which they should perform the first self examination, 76-20% know the age at which they should go with trained health personnel for the exploration of their breasts. 233-62% know the age at which the first mammogram should be performed, 91-24% know the age at which the last mammogram should be performed and 8-22% know the frequency of time that a mammogram should be performed. 247-65% have had the 2 corresponding mammograms in the last 4 years. We recognize that this study may have as a limitation that the sample of patients comprises a specific group of Mexican women, however, due to its heterogeneity, its demographic characteristics could be applicable to Mexico and Latin America. Conclusions: Knowledge of the prevention of breast cancer is medium observing a direct relationship between the socioeconomic level and the level of knowledge. Effective communication between health professionals and women must take into account the socioeconomic level of patients in order to achieve a greater understanding of it and potentially reduce the incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer. It is important not to stop emphasizing the importance of continuing medical education and patient education programs for the early detection of breast cancer by patients and first contact physicians as well as primary and secondary prevention strategies which are vitally important in developing countries.


Objective: To establish the rapid UV on-line detection for six flavonoids ingredi-ents of zhou's prescription. Method: Six flavonoids index ingredients contents( catechin,hydroxysafflor yellow A,hyperoside, isoquercitrin,quercitrin quercetin) in 39 batches of zhou's extracting solution were measured by HPLC. The UV spectra of the same samples' were scanned and take the UV absorbance value among 200 nm to 500 nm every 1 nm. The wavelength which were detected by the above method and the six flavonoids index ingre-dients contents which were determined by HPLC were chosen to stepwise regress analyze and establish the prediction equations of six flavonoids index ingredients. Other 8 batches of extracting solution of zhou's prescription were determined by HPLC and UV prediction to test the UV prediction method. Result: The correlation coefficients of equations of eac-h flavonoids index ingredients were: catechin,0. 935; hydroxysafflor yellow A: 0. 963; hyp-eroside: 0. 911; isoquercitrin: 0. 956; quercitrin: 0. 926; quercetin: 0. 890. The correlati-on coefficients of six flavonoids contents determined by HPLC and UV prediction were: catechin,0. 946 5; hydroxysafflor yellow A: 0. 976 5; hyperoside: 0. 907 9; isoquercitrin: 0. 981 9; quercitrin: 0. 911 4; quercetin: 0. 896 2. The deviation of six flavonoids index ingredi-ents contents measured by the two methods were low. T-test show that there was no significant difference between UV prediction and HPLC method. Conclusion: The result of UV prediction was reliable and accurate,the UV prediction method was rapide and convenient,so it can be used for on-line testing six flavonoids ingredients in producting of Zhou's prescription.


Currently the new lighting and display devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), plasma display panels (PDPs), and field emission displays (FEDs) have been proposed or developed in industry, which result in great interest in searching novel phosphors for mentioned applications [1–2]. Pr doped oxide materials including phosphates, aluminates or borates have been widely used as a red emitting phosphor exhibiting relatively strong absorption in the near ultraviolet range of the light and intense red luminescent emission of good color purity [3]. The BiPO4 represents phosphates of simple monoclinic structure containing bismuth (III) in BiO8 distorted environment. Therefore, based on the effective ionic radii and charge balance of cations, the activator Pr ion is expected to occupy randomly the Bi sites in the orthophosphate host [3]. A series of the Bi1-xPrxPO4 (x = 0.01 0.06) compounds was synthesized by a high temperature solid state reaction method. The initial materials, Bi2O3 (99.99%), (NH4)2HPO4 (99.999%) and Pr6O11 (99.999%) were weighted in stoicheometry, then thoroughly mixed and milled in agate mortar for more than 30 min till they are uniformly distributed. The obtained mixtures have been heated at 450, 500 and 600°C for 6 h at each temperature with intermediate regrinding in porcelain crucibles along with an atmosphere agent, and then have been naturally cooled to room temperature. In order to measure the characteristics of the phosphor, the samples were grinded into powder. The phase composition of prepared samples was determined by X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy methods. The solid solutions formation in limited range was found for the praseodymium series due to the significant difference in crystal structures of BiPO4 and PrPO4. Therefore, at high praseodymium content (more than 5 %) the mixtures of two phosphates are found on the diffraction patterns. The luminescence properties of a Bi1-xPrxPO4 series were studied. It was found that the samples reveal intensive red luminescence when are excited in the range of the H4→PJ f-f transitions in Pr ions. The most intensive peaks in photoluminescence spectra are related with P0→H6 (602.8 nm) and P1,I6→F2 (610 635 nm) radiation transitions in the Pr ions.


This work describes the application of a commercial CAD software to implement load‐pull techniques in the design of microwave mixers. This method is used to generate conversion‐loss regions when a diode is pumped and operated as a mixer circuit. Emphasis is placed on the inclusion of image and out‐of‐band terminations to optimize the operating conditions required to obtain low conversion loss. An X‐band 5‐dB conversion‐loss mixer is designed and tested using this method. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 36: 320–323, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10754


A high power pulse device, primary test stand (PTS), is under-developed at the Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP. In order to study the key techniques, the prototype module was built firstly. The prototype module contains Marx generator, intermediate store capacitor, laser triggered gas switch, water pulse forming line, water self-breaking switch, water transmission line and water resistance load. A 4 MV coaxial-triplate multi-channel water dielectric self-breaking switch is designed for water pulse forming line section of the prototype module. The water self-breaking switch contains supporting hardware and three linear arrayed self-breaking gaps. Each gap of the switch is plane to pin electrode configuration. The designable and experimental methods of the water self-breaking switch operating at about 100 ns pulse duration (FWHM) are investigated thoroughly. The jitter, breaking voltage, sum of the channels, electric field analyze, and electric diagnosis are investigative objects of this paper. The working voltage is 3.5 MV and current is 500 kA. The jitter and the inductance of the switch are 3.0 ns and about 40 nH respectively.


Zn(OAc)2•2H2O-catalyzed one-pot multicomponent reaction of Betti bases using β-napthol, aldehydes, and amines, under neat conditions in moderate to excellent yields (68-96%) is reported. This synthetic protocol offers several advantages, such as operational simplicity, shorter reaction period, high yields, and easy work-up procedures.


The present invention relates to an interlayer insulating film forming method of the semiconductor device to fill the gap between the voids and cracks do not occur conductive line. The present invention, first, forming a conductive line on a semiconductor substrate. Then, the applied SOG film with a polysilazane-based on the result that the conductive line is formed. Next, bake the SOG film with a polysilazane-based. Subsequently, etch-back C / F ratio of 0.5 or more and the SOG film, polysilazane-based SOG in until the etching selection ratio to be the upper portion of the conductive line exposed using a 10 or higher CF-based gas to the silicon nitride film. Then, the heat treatment of the polysilazane-based remaining after etch-back to the the SOG film to form the silicon oxide inter-layer insulating film.


The book claims that Yiddish was created when Judaized Sorbs first relexified their language to High German between the 9th-12th centuries; by the 15th century, the descendants of the Judaized Khazars also relexified their Kiev-Polessian (northern Ukrainian and southern Belarusian) speech to Yiddish and German, Yiddish thus uses a mixed West-East Slavic grammar and suggests that converted Khazars were a major component in the Ashkenazic ethnogenesis.


The invention relates to a machining method for a helicopter fairing supporting piece. The method includes the steps that firstly, preprocessing is conducted; secondly, a positioning clamp is installed at the clamping installation location 1, areas except for a middle pressure plate 2 and the clamping installation location 1 are subjected to rough turning, and the allowance is 1mm; thirdly, the middle pressure plate 2 is removed, four lateral clamping plates 4 are installed, a part 3 is fixed from the outer side, and the residual unprocessed areas in the first step are subjected to rough turning, finish turning and finish milling; fourthly, the part and the positioning clamp are connected through cooperation of a sunken hole machined in the second step and a corresponding threaded hole in the positioning clamp, the lateral clamping plates 4 are removed, the residual area of secondary finish turning is subjected to finish turning, and the residual portions, except for a lightening hole, of the part 3 are machined; and fifthly, an outer end pressure plate 5 is installed at the outer end face of the part 3, and the lightening hole in the outer end pressure plate 5 is subjected to rough milling and finish milling. The clamping purpose is reasonably achieved in machining, resources of tools and numerically-controlled machine tools are saved, cycling time is greatly shortened, and a good effect is achieved.


Practicing teachers have a repertoire of tried-and-tested teaching activities and pedagogical ideas, usually gathered over several years' experience. Often these activities and ideas are known only to the teacher and the participating students. While some universities hold events where teachers can talk to their peers about their novel classroom activities, these are timetabled and are often perceived as only for those members of staff with a particular interest in pedagogy. GUSTTO is an online system that allows for all members of staff to share teaching ideas and to browse those contributed by their peers at a time and location convenient to them. The online searchable database of 'Teaching Tips' constitutes an institutional repository of teaching practices, fosters the development of a community of practice, and provides a platform for teachers to showcase ideas. The use of social media features (likes, comments) enhances the interface, making it engaging and interactive.


Abstract : Space-time characteristics of pressure fluctuations were analyzed using the databases generated from the direct numerical simulation. In the separated flow, the wall-pressure fluctuations are significantly reduced in the separation zone. However, they are significantly enhanced in the reattachment region. The streamwise and spanwise vorticities are lifted away from the wall in the separation zone and the pressure fluctuations are significantly enhanced in this shear layer. The contours of space-time correlations show that the convection velocities of wall-pressure fluctuations are reduced significantly inside the separation bubble. The reattachment region is characterized by large scale structures which are formed in the shear layer above the separation bubble. Frequency spectra downstream of incipient detachment shows that maximum turbulent shearing stress appears to be the proper scale to normalize wall-pressure fluctuations in the turbulent boundary layers in the presence of large adverse pressure gradient. (AN)


In this paper we formulate and prove a statistical version of the restricted isometry property (SRIP for short) which holds in general for any incoherent dictionary D which is a disjoint union of orthonormal bases. In addition, we prove that, under appropriate normalization, the spectral distrib- ution of the associated Gram operator converges in probability to the Sato-Tate (also called semi-circle) distribution. The result is then applied to various dic- tionaries that arise naturally in the setting of …nite harmonic analysis, giving, in particular, a better understanding on a conjecture of Calderbank concerning RIP for the Heisenberg dictionary of chirp like functions.


In order to examine the effect of emamectin benzoate to Frankliniella occidentalis,the toxicity of this insecticide to the adult and 2nd instar of F. occidentalis were studied by dip method in this paper.In addition,the content of soluble protein,soluble sugar and lipid in F. occidentalis were also tested after these insects were exposed to medial lethal doses of emamectin benzoate for the following exposure times:2,4,6,and 8 h. Furthermore the utilization rate of the energy source in F. occidentalis was calculated after the insects were exposed to emamectin benzoate until dead at the medial lethal doses. The results showed that emamectin benzoate had different toxicity to the adult and 2nd instar of F. occidentalis,and the medial lethal doses were 1. 11 and 0. 62 mg / L,respectively. With the extension of exposure time at medial lethal doses of emamectin benzoate,there was significant a increase or decrease on the content of soluble protein,soluble sugar and lipid in F. occidentalis adult,but no significant variation on their content in F. occidentalis nymph. When the F. occidentalis was dead under the medial lethal doses expo-sure,there was significant difference in the utilization rate of the three kinds of energy sources in F. occidentalis, the utilization was soluble sugar( 74. 12%) soluble protein( 58. 10%) lipid( 42. 13%) in adult,significantly higher than that in nymph at any kind of the three energy sources,and the utilization was soluble sugar( 64. 01%) soluble protein( 48. 12%) lipid( 36. 48%) in nymph. According to the results,we could conclude that the different variation and utilization of energy source between F. occidentalis adult and nymph under the exposure of emamectin benzoate,may have some relationship to their different tolerance to this insecticide.


Lodgepole (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Lound.) and jack (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) pines occur sympatrically and hybridize in central and northwestern Alberta, providing opportunities for studying unique ecological and evolutionary interactions. We conducted a greenhouse inoculation experiment to investigate interactions between 40 populations of lodgepole and jack pines and their putative hybrids across this hybrid zone and two sources of the western gall rust fungus, Endocronartium harknessii (J.P. Moore) Y. Hiratsuka, one from lodgepole pine and the other from jack pine. Rust susceptibility and height were assessed when the seedlings were 6 months and 1 year old. Lodgepole pine and the hybrids were significantly more susceptible to the rust infection than jack pine. Jack pine grew significantly faster than the hybrids and lodgepole pine. In addition, the seedlings infected with spores from lodgepole pine grew significantly slower than those with spores from jack pine. While the overall rust scores indicated ...


In 2000 the final major piece of legislation to control chemicals was brought into force in the EU. The Biocidal Products Directive (BPD) required the registration of new and existing biocidal active substances and national authorisation of the products containing them. The first stage in the review of existing biocide active substances was to identify or notify active substances that had been on the market in a biocide product before the 14th May 2000. All notifications or identifications under this initial stage had to be submitted by 28th March 2002. The submission of notifications was dogged by problems related to determining which substances were within scope of the BPD and which were exempt. Exemptions were due to substances being regulated under other Directives such as the Plant Protection Products Directive, or the Cosmetics Directive, or if their mode of action was purely physical, for example, mouse traps. Resolution of some scope matters are still not fully resolved, leading some stakeholders into identifying active substances instead of notifying. To aid those identifiers who wish to notify, and notifiers who are unsure of the correct product types under which they want to notify, the notification period has been extended to allow amendments.


Currently, it is an uncontestable reality the fact that the electromagnetic pollution is part of every individual's life. The so-called electro smog represents a controversial subject under the aspect of the effects generated against human health; the studies conducted being controversial as well. In this context, of the scientific uncertainty, a important role is occupied by the law which must face these new challenges. Thus, the current article debates the principle of precaution and its application in this area.


This work focused on the experimental study of grease lubrication mechanisms around contacts in radial ball bearing 6314. The main objective of this work was to show the influence of conformities and their impact on grease lubrication in ball bearings. For the experiments, a tribometer of ball-on-ring configuration was used and fluorescence microscopy was chosen as the observation method. The results showed that, under starvation conditions, a conformity of 0.52 at velocities around 2 m/s produces a 50% thicker lubricating film than a conformity of 0.58. The available amount of lubricant around the contact area for conformity 0.52 was approximately three times less than that for conformity 0.58, and the same ratio was observed for the amount of lubricant on the rolling track. Experiments show that a realistic tribometer geometry allows a more accurate experimental study of the lubrication mechanisms of greases in ball bearings.


This paper describes the refinements of an ACE model to improve its accuracy, the results of tests conducted on field data of its accuracy and of its use in decomposing the one-minute average of ACE of a control area to identify the regulation burden associated to certain widely varying loads.


A method of generating energy density spectra obtained from earthquake response in actively controlled structural models is proposed for practical application based on the definition of different energy forms. Both elastic and inelastic energy density spectra are generated to study the energy transfer among various energy components. In the parametric study of elastic spectra with active control, the control force restraint parameter is adopted as an additional parameter in addition to the two commonly used parameters (i.e. natural period and damping ratio), and the yield displacement is adopted as the additional parameter in the analysis of inelastic spectra. In this first part of the research, numerical studies are carried out for both elastic and inelastic controlled structures using optimal linear control and ad hoc control algorithms. The energy density spectra of the three main components of the input energy, i.e. damping energy, control energy, and plastic energy, of the inelastic structure are investigated using two methods: (1) by varying structural stiffness; and (2) by varying structural mass. These energy density spectra for structures with a range of periods are evaluated and compared to verify their engineering significance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper aims to explain the weak developmental impact that the third Community Support Framework (CSF) funding had for Greece by adopting a conceptual framework based on the theories of internal and interactive state capacities. It postulates that a series of characteristics of the domestic political economy – clientelism, corruption and low levels of social capital – did not allow the third CSF to substantially alter the endogenous capabilities of the Greek economy. Most of the Operational Programmes (OPs) faced significant delays whilst the strengthening of the monitoring procedures attempted by the Commission – exemplified through the 'n+2' rule – only served to exacerbate the situation. The reinforcement of the domestic administrative and territorial reforms that will improve the capacities of the Greek state is suggested as a possible way forward.


Worldwide evidence pinpoints the importance of effective early care and education services. Initiatives such as Head Start (United States) and Sure Start (United Kingdom) suggest that access to, awareness and responsiveness of community services are enhanced when services are integrated. We propose that service integration can also contribute to social capital and sense of community. This paper reports on research by a partnership of government and non-government agencies into the impact of Child Care and Family Support Hubs in Queensland, Australia. These community-driven hubs are a recent state government initiative designed to improve and integrate service provision, particularly in rural and disadvantaged communities. The paper reports on findings from the pilot work, the ACCESS Study (2000-2001), as well the ongoing three-year Queensland Hubs Study.


Background: Although abnormal fatty deposits of infected arterial plaque play a major role in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, activation of inflammatory cells plays a major role in the instability of the plaque and the cause of acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to measure the level of interleukin-6 and to study its association with complications that occur in hospital in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Method: One hundred and twenty-five patients with acute coronary syndrome and 120 healthy individuals as a control group were included in this study. According to ECG and serum troponin changes, the patient group was classified into three ST-elevated myocardial infarction, ST non-elevated myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Sandwich ELISA was used by commercial groups (LEGAND MAX TM) for the IL-6 assay. Result: This study shows significantly significant differences in the level of IL-6 in patients with acute coronary syndrome (73.37 pg / dL) compared to the control group (9.47 pg / dL) (P value 0.001). There were no significant differences at the level of IL-6 in patients with acute coronary syndrome and conventional risk factors (P. value <0.05). There were significant differences in the level of IL-6 in all forms of ACS. (P. value 0.001). And those patients who had complications in hospital had a higher IL-6 level (92.89 Pg / dl) than those without complications (68.83 Pg / dl) P. value (0.012). Conclusion: This study indicated that IL-6 was significantly elevated in ACS patients and may be a good predictor not only of acute coronary event but also disease severity and a prediction of complications


The mental health of Syrian refugees has become extremely important for refugee and mental health scholars worldwide. A scoping review of 14 publications was conducted to synthesize current findings on this issue, which displayed a gap in understanding Syrian coping strategies and well-being. A qualitative investigation was done to explore the mental health perceptions and related resources of Syrians that migrated to Canada both before and after the war. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with Syrian immigrants, 15 non-refugees and 15 refugees. The purpose was to investigate perspectives on mental health, resilience, and desired or received services. Study findings showed refugees' mental health was affected by traumatic events and their resettlement process. Non-refugees expressed feelings of sadness because their homeland has been destroyed. All participants sourced social support as extremely helpful in their lives and was preferred over professional help. These findings can help develop appropriate mental health resources.


RESULTS: Sixty-three patients were transferred to our hand surgery service from outside facilities. Most patients were referred by emergency medicine physicians (76%; n = 47), followed by midlevel emergency department providers (PA or NP) (19%; n = 12) or hand surgeons (5%; n = 3). The median distance from a referring hospital to our center was 31 miles. Twenty-three (37%) of transferred patients were closer in proximity to another level I trauma center. Six patients were transferred directly from a level I trauma center. Twenty-one (33%) of transferred patients had an inaccurate diagnosis at the time of referral. Factors associated with an inaccurate diagnosis included trauma level of the referring hospital and diagnoses of infection or dysvascularity. Seventy-five percent (n = 48) of patients underwent surgical intervention. Of these, 90% (n = 43) underwent operative treatment during their initial hospital stay and 10% (n = 5) patients underwent elective surgery at a later date. Twenty-seven percent (n = 17) of all patients underwent microsurgical procedures. Seventy-five percent (10/15) of patients who did not undergo surgery had a bedside procedure performed as definitive treatment.


Rabbits were given 500 r whole-body x irradiation at various times before or after intravenously administered paratyphoid-B H-antigen. Markedly depressed antibody responses were observed in the animals irradiated 12 or 24 hr before antigen administration; a characteristic lengthening of the induction period was seen in these cases. Essentially unimpaired antibody responses were found in the animals irradiated 12 hr after, immediately after, or immediately before antigen administration; here only a very slight initial depression was found and the peak titers even rose to above normal levels. Histologically, the splenic lymphoid tissue showed a characteristic pattern of radiation damage: the lymphoid follicles degenerated immediately and completely but the periarteriolar lymphocyte sheaths essentially survived the irradiation. (P.C.H.)


AIM The stimulatory effect of resveratrol ( Resv, a natural phytoestrogen) has been reported on osteoblasts in vitro, whereas cyclosporine A (CsA, an immunosuppressant) was associated with bone loss in vivo. This project is intend to investigate the in vitro effect of Resv and CsA on osteoblastic differentiation in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and tries to identify whether the MAPK or ER/NO/cGMP pathway is involved in the stimulatory effect of Resv on BMSCs.


Purpose – UK government policy has emphasised the role of skills development and training as a means of improving productivity performance across all sectors of the economy. The purpose of this paper is to assess the appropriateness of this policy within the context of the construction industry, in light of the recently published statistics.Design/methodology/approach – A trend analysis of construction productivity (measured by Gross Value Added/worker) and skills indicators (qualification attainment and training) was conducted over the period 1995‐2006.Findings – There is inconsistency in the industry's productivity performance, despite the overall increase in qualification attainment levels and participation rates in training over the same period. However, the year‐on‐year change in the participation rate of training was not consistently associated with an improvement in productivity performance.Originality/value – It is argued that the effective utilisation of skills rather than mere increase in the su...


Ultrasound-supported dispersive solid-phase micro-extraction based on nano sorbent videlicet zinc hydroxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (Zn(OH)2-NPs-AC) in combination with derivative spectrophotometry method for deletion of Rhodamine B dye in industrial wastewater using response surface methodology (RSM) was the focus of the present article. Through the instrumentality of artificial neural network (ANN) and RSM, influential parameters were determined and optimized. Initial dye concentration (mg L–1), and amount of sorbent (mg), pH, and sonication time (min) as effective variables on the deletion of dye were closely examined. Initial RHB concentration of 26.5 mg L–1, Zn(OH)2-NPs-AC amount of 0.025 g, ultrasonication time of 4 min, and pH of 4.0 provided us with the perfect removal percentages (>100.0%). The analysis of variance and estimation of the correlation coefficient corroborated the reliability of the equation obtained by RSM considering both the predicted and experimental values of ultrasound-supported deletion of the analytes. The experimental and prognosticated values were in sound conformity. The thriving application of feed-forward neural network with a topology optimized by response surface methodology in the prediction of ultrasound-supported deletion of RHB dye by Zn(OH)2-NPs-AC in this study, paved the way for further investigations. For ANN modeling, the number of hidden neurons, R2, MSE, the number of epochs, and error histograms were decided on. Afterwards, for fitting a model to the experimental data, Temkin, Langmuir, D–R isotherm, and Freundlich models were employed. A proper description of the isotherm data by Langmuir model with the highest adsorption capacity of 76.38 mg g1 for RHB was reported. The maximum RHB adsorption based on kinetic studies at the desired condition was shown to be obtainable within 4 min of the onset of nearly all experiments. In describing the experimental data of ultrasound-supported deletion of RHB at desired condition procured from RSM, simultaneous use of intraparticle diffusion model and pseudo-second-order rate equation was proven to be advantageous.


This paper's aim is to study the concord with collective nouns, in particular team names and the noun team, across different classes of New Zealand society. The results show that plural concord is always used with plural team names, while singular concord, with singular team names, is used slightly more often in lower classes than in higher classes of the society. There seems to be an on-going shift towards singular concord, which would explain what is happening in British English (BrE).


We describe a one-time signature scheme based on the hardness of the syndrome decoding problem, and prove it secure in the random oracle model. Our proposal can be instantiated on general linear error correcting codes, rather than restricted families like alternant codes for which a decoding trapdoor is known to exist.


For constructing excellence course of electric machinery,experiment teaching reform has been performed in Nanhua University.This paper briefly introduces the approaches adopted.Aiming at establishing flexible experiment teaching mode,the reform is composed of dynamic experimental content,opening experiment,combining with the research and experiment test in groups.Two years teaching practice proves the effectiveness of the reform.


Ultrathin mutual capacitance touch screen and the touch screen to the combination of a combined thin touch screen, the ultrathin mutual capacitance touch screen comprising an excitation signal source and the peripheral of the touch screen (800) electrically driving electrode group (100) connected to the and the sensing electrode group (200) with the touch screen sensing peripheral control module (900) electrically connected; the driving electrode group (100) comprises a series and / or parallel plate formed of a transparent conductive material together shaped drive electrode (110), the sensing electrode group (200) comprises a series and / or parallel flat plate-shaped sensor electrodes formed together with a transparent conductive material (210); in particular, in any of the touch screen the adjacent driving a pair of electrodes (110) and the sensing electrode (210), at least one electrode generating the intrinsic mutual electric field (FB) is smaller than the plate area of mutual electric field which generates a variable (FV) of plate area. The present invention is to make thinner the thickness of the touch screen, and to ensure a higher effective permittivity.


Stable free radical formation was observed in the binary powders of silicates and general organic compounds by the use of ESR at room temperature in the air. A large amount of free radicals was formed, if an OH or COOH group containing organic molecule was used. Free radicals were stable not only in the air but also in the suspension of benzene. However, they disappeared immediately upon contact with proton donating liquid molecules. Increase in spectral intensities with time and variation of spectral shapes with moisture were observed.


The effects of varying concentrations of methyl alcohol, dimethyl sulphoxide, t-butyl alcohol, and acetonitrile on activation parameters for intramolecular general base-catalysed aqueous cleavages of methyl salicylate and alkaline hydrolysis of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate have been studied. The activation parameters for intramolecular general base-catalysed cleavage of phenyl salicylate was studied under varying concentrations of t-butyl alcohol, dimethyl sulphoxide, and acetonitrile. A significant enthalpy–entropy compensation effect is observed in the hydrolyses of these esters with change of t-butyl alcohol content into the reaction medium. The variation of acetonitrile concentration causes an enthalpy–entropy compensation effect only in the alkaline hydrolysis of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate. A significantly larger negative value of ΔS*, observed in the hydrolysis of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate at 90% H2O (v/v), compared with those for hydrolyses of salicylate esters obtained under an essentially similar solvent composition, is attributed to the difference in mechanisms for hydrolysis of these esters.


The role played by metallurgical evaluation in fabrication of reactor components such as end fittings and accessories, central cylinders of dunnp tanks and some components of dump port boxes is presented. End fittings are considered as an ideal example for emphasizing the role of metallurgical evaluation and their chemical composition and fabrication are discussed in detail. Nondestructive tests and mechanical tests like tension, hardness and impact tests are carried out on these end fittings. Ultrasonic inspection is done for the detection of longitudinally and circumferentially oriented flaws, Evaluation procedures followed for anti-torque collar and journal rings are reported in brief. (INIS)


INTRODUCTION To reduce fuel consumption of cars, it is effective to reduce friction loss by lowering viscosity of engine oil and transmission oil [1]. On the other hand, this leads to a decrease in load capacity, which means that the sliding gap narrows and wear and seizing easily occur. Therefore, there is a need for a lubricant design that does not break the oil film even in a minute gap while achieving a reduction in the viscosity of the lubricating oil. It was reported that polymer additives that have been used as a viscosity index improver form an adsorption layer on solid surface and contribute to the reduction of friction force and the improvement of wear resistance in the boundary lubrication regime [2-3]. The sliding gap when such an adsorption film exhibits lubricity must be on the order of nanometers, which is about the same as the thickness of the adsorption layer. It is known that liquids and polymer melts confined in nano gaps have unique mechanical properties that are completely different from those in the bulk state. In this study, we aimed to quantify the viscoelastic properties specific to the adsorption layer of polymer additives sheared in the nano gaps.


Transformation means positive change to new values and direction. This research is concerned with the relationship between empowerment processes that are transformatory and gender equality in the workplace. Its scope includes integrating a transformatory view into women's and men's consciousness and autonomy over their career, education and health. This research adopted a case-study approach by using the Ministries of Education, Health, Establishment, Training and Pensions and the Civil Service Commission in Lagos State, employing a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods as its empirical research methodology. The field work was carried out in Lagos State in the months of June and July, 2014 while the interview was in July and August, 2014. This study demonstrated that gender-blind policies disempower women and perpetuate gender inequalities in the Lagos State Civil Service. Further, it shows that the manifestation of transformatory empowerment is jeopardised by women and men's compliance with the existing expectations and inaction to bring about changes in policies and practices that are detrimental to the attainment of gender equality in the work place.


In this note, we present an analytic/exact solution of the one-dimensional model for blood flow. This solution describes the oscillation of a pulse wave in an artery with varying characteristics: cross-sectional area at rest and arterial wall rigidity. It is useful for the validation of numerical methods, especially well-balanced numerical methods.


This study is on the characteristics in Architecture of the upper class housing in the late Chosun Dynasty focused on Life History of Woman. Women were limited their social activity by the national policy in the late Chosun Dynasty. The confucian "attention to" men and women's "separate functions" dictated that the living spaces of men and women be isolated from each other. The result was that they mainly lived and used in The An-Che during their whole life. As a result, the constructions of The Late Chosun Dynasty's upper class housing are affected by life history of woman.


Purpose – The aim of this article is to examine the interaction effect of customization mode and regulatory focus on the "tailoring" outcomes of customized services in both the number of options retained and consumer evaluations.Design/methodology/approach – Two experiments investigate the interaction between customization mode and consumer regulatory focus, together with mediating and moderating factors.Findings – An interaction effect of customization mode and regulatory focus exists: it significantly influences the number of options retained, and prevention‐focused consumers retain more options in the final customized offering than promotion‐focused consumers in subtractive customization, whereas this effect is reduced in additive customization; it significantly affects how consumers evaluate the customization service with regard to task enjoyment and attitudes toward products; and it is fully mediated by task enjoyment and positively moderated by product familiarity.Originality/value – This article pr...


Abstract Variations of polarization with temperature in PbZrO3 ferroelectric phase were determined from the pyroelectric effect and the electrical hysteresis loop. Tests were conducted on single crystal and ceramic PbZrO3 samples with various degrees t of defects density in the Pb and O sublattices. It was found that polarization of ion defects affects the value of effective polarization and also the temperature of phase changes between the ferroelectric, antiferroelectric and paraelectric states.


The power of this high frequency amplifier operating in class C in pulse mode is adjusted by varying simultaneously and staggered bias voltages of each of its stages, the bias voltage relative variation of a stage increasing with its rank by relative to the direction of amplification. This stepped change in bias voltages of the different stages can significantly expand the output power range of variation with respect to that obtained by generally acting on the floors all bias voltage or that of a one floor. To achieve this, it equips the various stages (10, 20, (30, 31, 32, 33)) of the amplifier of individual adjustable bias circuits (100, 200, 300) based on digital to analog converters driven by a power control circuit (40) based on a memory containing a table bias setpoint values for the different stages addressed as a function of the desired output power.