The Covid-19 pandemic has changed many sectors of human life, including the impact on the social, cultural, economic and health sectors, an example of the cultural sector is the prohibition of the sadranan tradition. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview to the public how a noble sanctity of culture can become extinct due to the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method is a literature review approach, with secondary data collection sourced from information, research results and also observations. The results of this study indicate that to anticipate that the sadranan tradition does not become extinct are: Building people's awareness that the sadranan tradition is an ancestral heritage that needs to be preserved. Making the sadranan tradition as a community identity and studying the history of sadranan.


: Since their inception, DNA aptamers were regarded as the turning point for biochemical sensing in real samples; however up to now their promises are far from being fulfilled. Especially aptamers for small molecules pose a challenge for both selection and characterization. The lack of a universally accepted and robust quality control protocol for the characterization of aptamer performances coupled with the observation of inconsistent data sets in literature, prompted us to address the issue comparing different analytical methodologies to validate (or disprove) the binding ca-pabilities of aptamer sequences. We chose three aptamers for ampicillin, a β -Lactam antibiotic; used several detection strategies described in literature. The colorimetric gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) assay used in the original paper describing the aptamer sequences was repeated with conflicting results. The three sequences were then tested with three different instrumental techniques to assess their Kd and binding mechanism in homogeneous solutions. Coupling the thermodynamic data obtained with Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) with the structural information on the binding event given by Native Electro Spray Ionization Mass spectrometry (Native ESI-MS) and 1H-NMR it was possible to verify that the three sequences do not show any specific binding with the target ampicillin. To verify the influence of the AuNPs on the binding event, the experiments were repeated in presence of AuNPs both with ITC and 1H-NMR, again without any results. By offering a cross-referenced and robust analitycal approach to aptamer characterization we aim at elucidating the potentialities of aptamer for small organic molecules, especially when ultrasensitive analytical application are involved


AS CITIES BURN played their re-union show on December 10, 2011 at Unsilent Night Festival in Dallas, Texas. The show took place in Centennial ...


To the Editor: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an unstable ischemic syndrome induced event of myocardial necrosis.[1] Although it is well known that lipid abnormalities are linked to AMI risk, the optimal lipid parameter for risk prediction is unclear. Analyses from the INTERHEART study demonstrated the role of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C)/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) ratio and triglycerides (TG)/HDL‐C ratio in AMI, in addition to that of LDL‐C and HDL‐C absolute values,[2,3] prompting the search for optimal and reliable markers for AMI. Furthermore, lipid abnormalities are affected by ethnicity, age, and gender.[3,4] However, limited data are available for young Chinese males. The present study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of plasma lipids and their association with the risk and clinical outcome of a first AMI in this population.


Explanatory notes accompany correspondence by the Russian novelist in which he provides an intimate look at his family, political concerns, and friendships.


Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) often used in field of health or environment. Adopting to the concept, CEA can be applied to make a decision of road network maintenance priority. The purpose of the r model of road network maintenance based on accessibility measurement to meet the maximum accessibility and maximum Incremental Cost accessibility. Genetic algorithm is used to calculate accessibility as the objective function, and budget of total maintenance cost as a constrain. The maximum ICER are then calculated to meet the effective condition. The condition of effectiveness appeared when a percentage of than a percentage of reduction of the accessibility. In this case, a decrease in cost of 47% will reduce the accessibility level of 34%.


Should policymakers seek to increase jobs in particular local labor markets? Yes, but only if these policies are well targeted and designed. Encouraging job growth in distressed places can cause persistent gains in employment-to-population ratios. But our current place-based jobs policies, under which state and local governments provide long-term tax incentives to megacorporations, are poorly targeted and designed. Such incentives are as large in nondistressed areas as in distressed areas, and they are excessively costly. What reforms are needed? First, job growth policies should target distressed areas. Second, tax incentives should be focused on high-multiplier businesses, such as high-tech firms. Third, officials can more effectively promote local job creation by relying less on tax incentives and more on public services. These include customized business services, infrastructure, land development policies, local education, and job training. The federal government can use taxes and intergovernmental grants to discourage city or state officials from giving excessive state and local incentives to the largest firms. The federal government can also provide block grants to state and local governments to provide services that promote job growth in distressed places. JEL Classification Codes: R58; R23; H73; H77


Objective To observe the effect of language rehabilitation training on stroke patients with different kind of aphasia. Methods Stroke patients with different kind of aphasia(Broca aphasia、Wernicke aphasia、conduct aphasia and global aphasia)were treated with language rehabilitation training. Results After training,the scores in the patients of Broca aphasia and conduct aphasia were significant higher than those of before training (P0.01,P0.05).However,in the patients of conduct aphasia and global aphasia there were no significant difference (P0.05).Conclusion Language rehabilitation training plays an active role in rehabilitation of stroke patients with Broca aphasia and conduct aphasia.And we should pay more attention on the psychotherapy of aphasia patient.


Noncontact laser ultrasonic methods are provided for nondestructive characterization of surface residual stress and thermally growth oxide (TGO) in thermal barrier coating (TBC). Stress-acoustic coefficients of Rayleigh wave were used to characterize the surface residual stresses of TBC specimens which were prepared by electronic beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method. The ultrasonic testing results of TBC specimens before and after oxidation with 1 time and 50 times agree well with the corresponding Raman spectral analyses. Meanwhile, a physical mode of thin multi-layered structure is established for the case of received ultrasonic longitudinal waveform consisting of reverberant overlapping echoes. Further, the transform function of the mode was derived to evaluate the TGO in this work. The experimental transform functions of TBC specimens above shows that the amplitude decreases at high order resonant frequencies with increase of TGO thickness. The proposed methods are able to nondestructively characterize the local surface stress and TGO in TBC, and are important to practical engineering application.


Mn2+-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is very useful for mapping the olfactory bulb, but has poor positional resolution ( similar to 100 mum) and difficulty with the quantitative analysis of Mn. Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence ( beam size similar to 20 mum, detect on limit of Mn similar to 10(-11) g) and Energy Disperse X-ray Fluorescence combined with multi-variable statistics were employed to investigate the positional distribution of manganese and other elements in slices of the olfactory bulk of SD rats. The naris of rats were pipetted with MnCl2 ( Mn group n = 4) compared with the control group ( n = 3). Our results show that the manganese distributions in the slices of both groups were non-homogeneous. The difference in the contents of Mn of rats treated with MnCl2 is as high as 50 times. Rats treated with MnCl2 exhibited a strong correlation (0.985, p = 0.000) between the positional distribution of Mn and Ca, and the contents of Mn, Ca, Zn and Br of the Mn group were 55%, 82%, 42% and 72% higher than the control group.


PURPOSE: This study aims to provide effects of therapeutic techniques as well as basic materials of safety by comparing and analyzing the effects of hamstring flexibility and dynamic stability of lower lumbar according to Stretching and Massage Techniques to adults with reduced the flexibility of ha...


The proposed one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide structure can be optimized in three steps as outlined below. At first the imaginary part of the Bloch wavevector inside the 1D PC can be made maximum so that the evanescent light field decays most rapidly and thus the confinement factor of a guided mode becomes maximized when the waveguide is completed. This condition uniquely defines the thickness of two layers in 1D PC. Secondly, the omnidirectional mirror condition can be further enforced for the 1D PC to achieve complete inhibition of light escape in the vertical direction. This can be done by ensuring that for a given frequency the point, (ω, ωn0/c), on TM lightline falls in the forbidden bandgap. Lastly, the thickness of the centerguiding layer can be uniquely determined for given frequency and propagation constant, considering structural symmetry and phase matching condition between lights outgoing from and incoming to the guiding layer.


Introduction: Ridge augmentation has attained a key role in implant placement to recreate the natural contour of the hard and soft tissues that may have been lost as a consequence of extraction. Ridge augmentation procedures require bone to be regenerated outside the existing bony walls or housing and are therefore often considered to be one of the most challenging surgical procedures. Materials and methods: In the current case, a Seibert's class III defect was treated, followed by implant placement after 6 months. The bony deficit was managed with guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques utilizing bone grafting material and membrane. Second surgery and the subsequent morbidity involved in the removal of nonresorbable membranes were tackled with the use of resorbable collagen membranes. Different bone graft materials are used routinely in combination with these membranes to facilitate space maintenance and to prevent membrane collapse. Particulate xenograft was used, as it restores the natural tissue architecture for placement of implant at a later stage. At the time of implant placement, the ridge was found to have the required dimensions. Conclusion: Ridge augmentation using a combination of membrane and xenograft for Seibert's class III ridge defect is a predictable treatment option. It improves the restorative aspect of implant placement in compromised areas.


ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE Agriculture, department of, practice and procedure Ch. 16-08 Board of tax appeals Ch. 456-09, Ch. 456-10 Central Washington University rules coordinator Ch. 106-50 County boards of equalization Ch. 458-14 Emergency rules, filing of Ch. 1-21 Gambling commission Ch, 230-50 Health care authority Ch. 182-16 Higher education personnel board appeals Ch, 251-12 Industrial insurance appeals, board of Crime Victims Compensation Act Ch. 26312 Natural resources, department of natural resources, board of Ch. 332-08 Pollution control hearings board Ch. 371-08 Public disclosure commission Ch. 390-12 Redistricting commission Ch. 417-01 Rule making, contents and filing requirements, forms Ch. 1-21 Superintendent of public instruction Ch. 392101 Tax appeals, board of Ch. 456-09, Ch. 456-10 Utilities and transportation commission Ch. 480-09


This paper discusses the thoughts and methods in the development plan of public library in China on the following aspects: advancing information and vertical interaction,integrating the inside and outside resource,prioritizing key issues,and facilitating the implementation with clarity.


The S tu d en t S enate E lections C om m ittee has c larified th a t sen iors are en titled to vote in the elec tion for S tu d en t Body Pres iden t on Feb. 20. U nder the new S tu d en t G overnm en t C onstitu  tio n , seniors are n o t d isenfran chised, as under the o ld C o n stitu  tio n , from ballo ting fo r SBP. A c c o r d in g to O f f -C a m p u s C om m issioner R ich H u n t, three polling places will be provided for the o f f cam pus ballo ting th is T ues.: th e L ibrary L obby , the Bus S top at the C ircle, and the O ff-C am pus O ffice in the basem ent o f the S tu d en t C enter. Balloting for off-cam pus studen ts only will be from 8 :0 0 a.m . to 6 :0 0 p .m . at all th ree loca tions. K of C Confers T he N otre Dame K nights o f C o lu m b u s C o u n c i l 1477 will sponsor the N ational Collegiate K. o f C. C onvention to d ay , to  m orrow , and Sun. at the Kellogg C en ter. Jo h n F itzgerald , C onven tion C hairm an , an tic ip a tes the arrival o f m ore than 150 dele gates from 50 college councils th roughou t the c o u n try . T op ics fo r discussion will cen te r a round how the K. o f C. can im prove and enlarge its influence on th e college cam pus. F ea tu red speaker at the C onvention will be Eli Shaheen, a g raduate o f N otre ■ D am e. Mr. Shaheen was a foun der o f the N o tre D am e C ouncil, the oldest college council in the U nited S tates. Fr. H esburgh will also a tten d the S a tu rday night b an q u e t.


Visual-inertial odometry (VIO) is a vital technique used in robotics, augmented reality, and autonomous vehicles. It combines visual and inertial measurements to accurately estimate position and orientation. Existing VIO methods assume a fixed noise covariance for the inertial uncertainty. However, accurately determining in real-time the noise variance of the inertial sensors presents a significant challenge as the uncertainty changes throughout the operation leading to suboptimal performance and reduced accuracy. To circumvent this, we propose VIO-DualProNet, a novel approach that utilizes deep learning methods to dynamically estimate the inertial noise uncertainty in real-time. By designing and training a deep neural network to predict inertial noise uncertainty using only inertial sensor measurements, and integrating it into the VINS-Mono algorithm, we demonstrate a substantial improvement in accuracy and robustness, enhancing VIO performance and potentially benefiting other VIO-based systems for precise localization and mapping across diverse conditions.


The head space-solid phase micro extraction method was used to extract the flavor compositions from six varieties of Zizyphus jujuba. The extracted flavor compositions were analyzed by gas chromagraphymass spectrometry method. And principal component analysis and correlation analysis was adopted to investigate their flavor compositions. The results indicated that the number of flavor compositions identified in them was 34 that including acids(12 kinds),esters(2 kinds),hydrocarbons(6 kinds),alcohols(2 kinds),aldehydes( 3 kinds), aromatic( 4 kinds) and other compounds( 3 kinds). The difference of these flavor compositions resulted in the unique flavor characteristics of different Zizyphus jujuba varieties. The quality of flavor compositions of Zizyphus jujube was comprehensively evaluated sensory evaluation. The result showed the consistency of principal components analysis and sensory evaluation. Therefore,the principal components analysis could be regarded as one potential method to evaluate the aroma quality of Zizyphus jujube.


Fine management as a new management concept,now has been widely applied to all walks of life,and achieved a more obvious effect.Scientific research management is an important part of hospital management,which has important influence on the management level and the ability of science and technology.Management of scientific research management can effectively improve the level of scientific research management,reduce the cost of hospital management,and promote the improvement of economic benefit.This article mainly carries on the brief analysis to the concrete application of the fine management in the hospital scientific research management.


Objective:To explore effect of the visual trachea catheter intubation for neck trauma operation.Method:In our hospital 76 cases of neck trauma operation were selected, they were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 38 cases in each group, the experimental group was treated with visual endotracheal intubation, the control group was treated with ordinary reinforcing intubation. The intubation time, intubation time, intubation, intubation in vital signs of patients with complications and catheter placement the ventilation effect were compared of the two group.Result:All the patients were in stable vital signs, no complications, indwelling catheter after the ventilation effect is good. The vital signs of the two groups had no significant difference(P0.05); the catheterization time in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group, the one-time success rate of intubation wassignificantly higher than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion:Visual trachea catheter for neck trauma operation intubation with satisfactory effect, help to improve the success rate of intubation in patients with disposable, reduce intubation time.


Purpose – The article aims to show the need for business students to receive a relevant introduction to law.Design/methodology/approach – This article is an opinion piece based on current and recent trends.Findings – The article finds that the feeling of the disinterested teaching the disengaged is emerging.Originality/value – Expresses the view that there is a need to ensure that students are getting a relevant introduction to law so that they may be equipped for further legal study enervated by their first brushes with the discipline. This will make them better business employees and managers in due course.


A case of acute epidural hematoma appearing as a side-by-side isodensity and hyperdensity on a computed tomographic (CT) scan is presented. This uncommon CT finding is discussed and the pathophysiology is reviewed.


Review(s) of: Margins for survival - overcoming political limits in steering technology, by Edward Wenk, Jr., (Pergamon Press, 1979, 183 pp).


Polymerization of 2-pentene with [ArNC(An)C(An)·NAr)NiBr2 (Ar2,6-iPr2C6H3)] (1-Ni)/M-MAO catalyst was investigated. A reactivity between trans-2-pentene and cis-2-pentene on the polymerization was quite different, and trans-2-pentene polymerized with 1-Ni/M-MAO catalyst to give a high molecular weight polymer. On the other hand, the polymerization of cis-2-butene with 1-Ni/M-MAO catalyst did not give any polymeric products. In the polymerization of mixture of trans- and cis-2-pentene with 1-Ni/M-MAO catalyst, the Mn of the polymer increased with an increase of the polymer yields. However, the relationship between polymer yield and the Mn of the polymer did not give a strict straight line, and the Mw/Mn also increased with increasing polymer yield. This suggests that side reactions were induced during the polymerization. The structures of the polymer obtained from the polymerization of 2- pentene with 1-Ni/M-MAO catalyst consists of CH2CH2CH(CH2CH3), CH2 CH2CH2CH(CH3), CH2CH(CH2CH2CH3), and methylene sequence (CH2)n (n ≥ 5) units, which is related to the chain walking mechanism. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 2858–2863, 2008


The device involves a bone pin (1) fixable intramedularly in the bone (b) by at least one fixture component. The bone pin at the proximal end of the bone (P) is driven inwards with the aid of a suitable known instrument. The pin in the vicinity of the proximal end is provided with a through hole in the vicinity of the distal end (D) of the pin for fixture of the distal end of the pin to the bone.


The inhibition of motor response is considered as an important aspect of executive control, as a way of changing behaviour. Gender, as a biological characteristic, stipulates different peculiarities of brain processes and, as a consequence, different behaviour of men and women. In the context of the Stop-Change task, the aim of our study was to examine whether there were differences in the brain processes between men and women. The method of "event-related desynchronization / synchronization" – ERD / ERS EEG – was used to clarify that issue. 36 men and 38 women, healthy, between the ages of 18 and 22, right-handed, participated in the experiment of compliance with bioethical requirements. The application of Stop-Change task required from the participants under the condition of a low tone (600 Hz sound) to quickly press with the help of the index finger and release the left button of the remote control. If there was a high tone (1600 Hz sound) the participant had to rapidly press and release with the help of middle finger the right button of the console. The prevalence of event-related synchronization phenomena of the α- and β-EEG-activity in cortical areas was distinguished in groups of men and women. It was apparently related to some deactivation of the cortex during the switching of motor program that was launched. At the same time, cortical electrical activity acquired certain specific features of the frequency-spatial organization, which could indicate the existence of certain gender characteristics of the brain processes. The weaker ERG EEG among women (compared with men) at 10 Hz, 16 Hz in symmetrical frontal and left central and parietal areas was found. Instead, the relative increase of ERS EEG among women was set in the range of 10 Hz (right central areas), 13 Hz (frontal central areas) and 19 Hz (central parietal areas). Gender differences in the electrical activity of the cortex in the range above 25 Hz of the EEG were characterized by some instability of the ERS and ERD responses in the frequency and spatial aspects.


On "Whistle-Blowing" [] I am occasionally consulted by junior employees concerning "whis-tle-blowing," that is, should the employee , or "a friend of his," tell management about some observed illegal or unethical or dishonest action on the part of another employee or manager. I have not found it easy to respond to these inquiries because it is my experience that a company's high principles are not always universally respected by management practice and often the further down in the management chain one goes the larger the divergence between principles and practice. Consequently I was delighted to discover an article in the MIT Technology Review which deals with the dangers of whistle-blowing and to which I can now refer inquirers. Since it is likely that other CACM readers receive similar inquiries and have had the same difficulty in deciding how to give advice, I have prepared the following abstract of the article and suggest that readers consider advising "whistle-blowers" to read "Dos and Don'ts for Whistle-blowers: Planning for Trouble" The paper does not address the moral and ethical question of whether a person should blow the whistle or the legal question of his or her right to do so without penalty but instead discusses how to blow the whistle once a person concludes that The A CM Forum contains material of general interest to A CM members. Correspondence intended for Forum should so state and be typed double-spaced. Letters should be sent to the Editor-in-Chief, he or she is morally compelled to disclose information about fraud, corruption, mismanagement, or hazards. It expands on four basic rules for defensive whistle-blowing: • Focus on the disclosure itself, not on personalities. • Use "channels" before going public. • Anticipate and document retaliation. • Know when to give up. The gist of the article "suggests that whistle-blowing is lonely, unre-warded, and fraught with peril. It entails a substantial risk of retaliation which is difficult and expensive to challenge. Furthermore, 'success' may mean no more than reinstate-ment to a job where the bridges are already burned, or monetary compensation that cannot undo damage to a reputation, career, and personal relationships." The best and shortest advice on how to blow the whistle has probably been given by one of the first whistle-blowers. He says that "If he had to do it all again, he would do two things at the onset: line up a good lawyer, and line …


730Background: The 'Beyond TME' Collaborative identified LRRC as a complex problem requiring multidisciplinary consultation and specialized surgical care. Aggressive en bloc resection of LRRC at specialized cancer centers is associated with 5y survival rates of 25-50%. However, skepticism persists that LRRC can be cured given the lack of published longer-term survival data. We investigated the oncologic outcomes at 10y following resection of LRRC and sought relevant clinicopathologic prognostic variables. Methods: The study cohort consists of 52 consecutive patients (31M, 21F) who underwent LRRC resection at our center between 09/1997 and 08/2005. En bloc sacrectomy was performed in 30 patients (58%) with the goal of achieving complete margin negative (R0) resection. At the time of LRRC resection, 46 of 52 patients had isolated LRRC (M0), and 6 had potentially resectable distant metastasis (M1). Patients were followed with H&P, CT-CAP q4mos X2y, q6mos X3y, then annually. Results: At last follow-up (f/u), ...


SUMMARY LiDAR is a distance sensor that plays a key role in the realization of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). In this paper, we present a tutorial and review of automotive direct time of flight (dToF) LiDAR from the aspect of circuit systems. We discuss the breakthrough in ADAS LiDARs through comparison with the first-generation LiDAR systems, which were conventionally high-cost and had an immature performance. We define current high-performance and low-cost LiDARs as next-generation LiDAR systems, which have significantly improved the cost and performance by integrating the photodetector, the readout circuit, and the signal processing unit into a single SoC. This paper targets reader who is new to ADAS LiDARs and will cover the basic principles of LiDAR, also comparing with range methods other than dToF. In addition, we discuss the development of this area through the latest research examples such as the 2-chip approach, 2D SPAD array, and 3D integrated LiDARs.


In order to substitute current aluminum sabot and to increase the penetration performance of the kinetic energy projectiles, the research and development program for composites sabot has been conducted. For carbon/epoxy composites sabot, unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy prepreg was chosen and thick sectioned composites preforms with the different fiber angles along the circumferential direction of sabot were prepared by compression molding under the careful processing conditions at for 1hour with curing pressure. The composites sabot demonstrated a weight reduction by approximately 30% than that of current aluminum sabot. The muzzle velocity of a kinetic energy projectile with composites sabot was measured to be about 63m/s higher than that with aluminum sabot. These results imply that the penetration performance is expected to be considerably increased when the composite sabot is applied to the kinetic energy projectiles.


Due to the the extremely high level of competition in the marketplace for stored apple fruit, the need for quality maintenance during storage is critical. Quality analysis of fruit at harvest supports the contention that there is a harvest period during which fruit picked for long-term controlled-atmosphere storage maximize grower returns. The apple maturity program used in Michigan for determining this optimal harvest period-or "window''-incorporates a bloom date-based prediction and fruit maturity analyses. Techniques used in collecting and disseminating maturity information and its interpretation are discussed.


Winter highway operations and winter operations in the aviation sector have a great deal in common. In both arenas, the need to maintain mobility for large numbers of people intersects with the absolute mandate to ensure their safety of travel. In both arenas, this results in the application of freeze-point depressants and other materials to pavement (and, in the case of aviation, to aircraft) in order to provide for safe and reliable winter operations. Highway and aviation winter operations are alike in another way, as well. Of necessity, both are conducted in the outdoor environment. As a result, both experience some unavoidable runoff of their deicing products in storm water. Recently, after years of analysis (and a last-minute relaxation of its decision making criteria), the United States Environmental Protection Agency identified discharges from airport deicing operations as a candidate for the development of nationwide discharge standards. These technology-driven standards -Effluent Limitations Guidelines- are of a kind more often associated with steel mills and chemical manufacturing plants than with outdoor activities whose discharges are heavily influenced by storm events. Nonetheless, and regardless of the difficulty of establishing a one-size-fits-all solution to discharges that are as varied and variable as the weather, the Agency is moving ahead to determine whether such standards are appropriate and, if so, precisely what their content ought to be. Given the many other attributes that they have in common, it is fair to ask whether discharges from highway deicing operations might follow their brethren in aviation as EPA's next target for this kind of standard setting regulation. Much as the effort to include the aviation sector among the more traditional industries regulated under the Effluent Guidelines program may be viewed as misguided, the highway "industry" doubtless would look askance at any effort to develop top-down standards applicable to its weather-dependent discharges across the nation. This paper will explore the nature of the Effluent Guidelines program, with particular attention to the way in which EPA selects industries for regulation. We will examine the way in which that process was employed to direct the focus the Effluent Guidelines program onto airport deicing operations. Finally, we will examine the likelihood that this same regulatory attention could in the future be directed at runoff from highway deicing operations.


I present SWIG (Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator), a program development tool that automatically generates the bindings between C/C++ code and common scripting languages including Tcl, Python, Perl and Guile. SWIG supports most C/C++ datatypes including pointers, structures, and classes. Unlike many other approaches, SWIG uses ANSI C/C++ declarations and requires the user to make virtually no modifications to the underlying C code. In addition, SWIG automatically produces documentation in HTML, LaTeX, or ASCII format. SWIG has been primarily designed for scientists, engineers, and application developers who would like to use scripting languages with their C/C++ programs without worrying about the underlying implementation details of each language or using a complicated software development tool. This paper concentrates on SWIG's use with Tcl/Tk.


We experimentally demonstrate the wavefront measurement of a continuous-wave He-Ne laser beam using the Fresnel phase retrieval method, in which the wavefront is reconstructed from the measurement of only two intensity profiles, without additional optics. The reconstructed wavefronts are compared with results obtained with a phase profilometer consisting of two lateral shearing interferometers in order to confirm the accuracy of the method.


The article considers the activities of the Kola Branch of the Mineralogical Society, the Northern Branch of the Geographical Society of USSR (SFGO), and the branch of the All Union Society "Znaniye". Scientific, organizational, and educational activities of the named societies were various and successful for quite a long period. They were aimed at promoting development of science and research, popularization of most recent achievements in science, mutual informing and coordinating of corresponding research being the main trend. The Kola Branch of the Mineralogical Society assisted in joining geological research in mineralogy. SFGO was mainly involved in humanitarian research inviting experts for cooperative joint archeological, ethnographic expeditions in the region. Popularization of science was extensively performed in cooperation with the society Znaniye.


The Surveying Engineering program at Michigan Technological University is heavily involved in research related to acquisition and photogrammetric processing of UAV imagery. The Enterprise program at Michigan Tech gives interdisciplinary teams of students the opportunity to work for several years in a student-led, busine ss-like setting to solve real world engineering problems via end-to-en d product development and project management. The Photogrammetric Small UAV (PSUAV) platform was designed by the Student Aerospace Enterprise (SAE) in partnership with Surveying Engineering faculty. Thi s PSUAV project presents significant improvements from previous UAV models, has a wingspan of 72 inches and a chord of 10 inches supporting an angle of incid ence of 5 degrees. The PSUAV is equipped with Procerus autopilot system and can carry up to 10 pounds of payload . It is currently fitted with a Cannon Rebel EOS 12MP camera. Research has been started from the development o f calibration sites deploying surveying quality equip ment. Work on processing of the obtained datasets e ncompasses these tasks: camera calibration, bundle block adjus tment, image co-registration, mosaic, and feature e xtraction from PSUAV imagery. Comparison of the results obtained from the PSUAV to respective results obtained from traditional aerial photogrammetry provides an excel lent opportunity for investigative research directe d at the accuracy and applicability of PSUAV imagery for specific mapping projects. Due to the high dynamics of some spatial processes such as emergency situation manag ement, natural and anthropogenic disasters, and man y other application scenarios, PSUAV data acquisition and p rocessing can be suitable to fulfill accuracy, info rmation and productivity requirements.


Abstract Big data is an expression for massive data sets consisting of both structured and unstructured data that are particularly difficult to store, analyze and visualize. Big data analytics has the potential to help companies or organizations improve operations as well as disclose hidden patterns and secret correlations to make faster and intelligent decisions. This article provides useful information on this emerging and promising field for companies, industries, and researchers to gain a richer and deeper insight into advancements. Initially, an overview of big data content, key characteristics, and related topics are presented. The paper also highlights a systematic review of available big data techniques and analytics. The available big data analytics tools and platforms are categorized. Besides, this article discusses recent applications of big data in chemical industries to increase understanding and encourage its implementation in their engineering processes as much as possible. Finally, by emphasizing the adoption of big data analytics in various areas of process engineering, the aim is to provide a practical vision of big data.


Laser-controlled entanglement between atomic qubits ('spins') and collective motion in trapped ion Coulomb crystals requires conditional momentum transfer from the laser. Since the spin-dependent force is derived from a spatial gradient in the spin–light interaction, this force is typically longitudinal—parallel and proportional to the average laser k-vector (or two beams' k-vector difference), which constrains both the direction and relative magnitude of the accessible spin–motion coupling. Here, we show how momentum can also be transferred perpendicular to a single laser beam due to the gradient in its transverse profile. By controlling the transverse gradient at the position of the ion through beam shaping, the relative strength of the sidebands and carrier can be tuned to optimize the desired interaction and suppress undesired, off-resonant effects that can degrade gate fidelity. We also discuss how this effect may already be playing an unappreciated role in recent experiments.


A model is presented of the near-field plasma-plume of a pulsed plasma thruster (PPT). As a working example, a micro-PPT developed at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory is considered. This is a miniaturized design of the axisymmetric PPT with a thrust in the 10-µ N range that utilizes TeflonTM as a propellant. The plasma plume is simulated using a hybrid fluid‐particle-in-cell direct simulation Monte Carlo approach. The plasma plume model is combined with Teflon ablation and plasma generation models that provide boundary conditions for the plume. This approach provides a consistent description of the plasma flow from the surface into the near plume. The magnetic field diffusion into the plume region is also considered, and plasma acceleration by the electromagnetic mechanism is studied. Teflon ablation and plasma generation analyses show that the Teflon surface temperature and plasma parameters are strongly nonuniform in the radial direction. The plasma density near the propellant surface peaks at about 10 24 m −3 , whereas the electron temperature peaks at about 4 eV near the electrodes. The plume simulation shows that a region with high density is developed at a few millimeters from the thruster exit plane at the axis. This high-density region exists during the entire pulse, but the plasma density decreases from about 2 × × 10 22 m −3 at the beginning of the pulse down to 0.3 × × 10 22 m −3 at 5 µs. The velocity phase is centered at about 20 km/s in the axial direction. At later stages of the pulse, there are two ion populations with positive and negative radial velocity. Electron and neutral densities predicted by the plume model are compared with near-field measurements using a two-color interferometer, and good agreement is obtained.


Taphonomic study is first time conducted in Sarawak, Malaysia. In this research model, two adults female Susscrofa domestica weighed 77 kg each are killed by machete at the heart region. Then, the bodies are put clothes made of pure cotton on to mimic the real human body with clothes. Pure cotton clothes is a favourite for Malaysia's population due to hot and humid climate. Later on, the bodies are being placed in the separate location labelled A and B in jungle. Taphonomic changes is obeserved. All stages of decomposition like fresh stage, bloated stage, active decay stage, advanced decay stage and remains stage are observed and documented. Daily observation on both the bodies is conducted. The ambient temperature of surroundings, internal temperature of bodies, temperature of larvae mass, body surface temperature, soil surface temperature and humidity of air are recorded daily. Time for each stage of decomposition is determined. During the decomposition process, insects and larvae appeared in each stage of decomposition process are collected and preserved for reference. Photos and videos are taken for each subject throughout the research. The hot and humid climate in Sarawak accelerates the decomposition process. The time taken for both bodies to reach remains stage is nine days. Both the cotton clothes are still preserved by the end of research. As a conclusion, an equatorial climate is accelerating the decomposition process of body in Sarawak, Malaysia.


Shakespeare took this character and I wanted to correct it so that it would become a viable model for me and . . . for society. Shakespeare does arrive at an answer to the problems of his particular society, and that was the idea of total resignation, accepting what comes, and discovering that a human being can accept an enormous lot and survive it. He can come through the storm. What I want to say is that this model is inadequate now; that it just does not work. Acceptance is not enough. Anybody can accept. You can go quietly into your gas chamber at Auschwitz, you can sit quietly at home and have an H-bomb dropped on you. Shakespeare had time. He must have thought that in time certain changes would be made. But time has speeded up enormously, and for us, time is running out.'


We developed a motion capture system to utilize informations on the human walking motion. The system is composed of the mechanical and electronic devices to obtain the joint angle data and the software to analyze the obtained data and to transform the data into the input for a biped walking robot. The mechanical system is composed of a pair of links with 3 revolute joints, on which potentiometers are attached on joint axes to sense rotation angles. Analog signals from potentiometers are transformed into the digital data through the low pass filter and the A/D converter, and then which are stored at the computer. We analyzed the walking characteristics by applying FFT to the digital data, and then performed a 3-D computer simulation using the data. Finally, We apply the processed data to a biped walking robot.


Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), an abundant nuclear protein activated by DNA strand breaks, has been shown to mediate cell death via energy depletion.We have recently examined the role of PARP activation in the development of EAE. EAE-immunized rats and mice were treatedwith the novel inhibitors of PARP INH2BPand PJ34, and assessed for the development of neurological disease signs. Administration of PARP inhibitors suppressed the neurological development of EAE with drug treated animals demonstrating a delay in onset as well as a reduction in the incidence and severity of disease signs. Moreover, a reduced central nervous system cell infiltration and decreased iNOS activity was seen.These results indicate an involvement of PARPactivation in the pathogenesis of EAE.


This work presents an approach for the automatic processing and classification of the vigor of soybean seeds. The validation was performed through experimental evaluation using real datasets. By automating the seed analysis, it is possible a faster and more precise control, increasing the market competitiveness between producers and benefiting consumers with higher quality products and more appropriate and specific prices, according to the quality of the seeds. In addition, consequently, improvements related to sustainability and productivity can be obtained in the processes of planting, multiplication and/or commercialization of soybeans with better quality.


Contains papers from a colloquium held at the Warburg Institute in May, 1990. Its theme was the study of antiquity in the middle of the 16th century, and the decisive impact on that study, first of a group of humanist lawyers around Antonio Agustin, and then of the gathering force of Church Reform.


The author suggests that, in engineering problem formulation for mathematics courses, the prime focus should be good engineering problems from which one can extract the opportunity to learn relevant mathematics and useful engineering skills. A series of guidelines on how to formulate engineering problems suitable for mathematics courses is formulated.<<ETX>>


An integrated system approach to dynamic resource allocation is proposed. Some of the problems in dynamic resource allocation and the relationship of these problems to system structures are examined. A general dynamic resource allocation scheme is presented. A hierarchial system architecture which dynamically maps between processor structure and programs at multiple levels of instantiations is described. Simulation experiments were conducted to study dynamic resource allocation on the proposed system. Preliminary evaluation based on simple dynamic resource allocation algorithms indicates that with the proposed system approach, the complexity of dynamic resource management could be significantly reduced while achieving reasonable effective dynamic resource allocation.


This paper examines the impact of technology scaling on testability of deep submicron CMOS integrated circuits (ICs). Each new scaled technology generation demands higher intrinsic leakage on ICs to provide higher performance. This trend challenges the effectiveness of current based test techniques such as I/sub DDQ/ measurement. We characterized transistor and circuit leakage by measuring their sensitivities across channel length, threshold voltage, temperature, body bias and frequency. Fundamental transistor parameters are correlated and may be used for testing of ICs or to improve the testing sensitivity. We propose adopting a high-parameter I/sub DDQ/ combined with F/sub MAX/ test solution for high performance IC applications. This test technique will prolong the life of I/sub DDQ/ measurement in sub 0.25 micron process technology generations. This method provides a means to discriminate fast ICs from the defective ones.


Ring nematodes of the genus, Mesocriconema are a group of polyphagous, migratory root-ectoparasites of plants. In a nematological survey of three governorates in Egypt, Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum (Taylor 1936) Loof 1989 was isolated from the rhizosphere of soil samples in five bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fields, as a new host record, at Badr Centre, El-Beheira governorate. Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum specimens were extracted from 5 out of 45 (11.1%) soil samples with a population density up to 23 individuals/250 g soil. Morphological and morphometrical analysis of females and juveniles were used for species identification. This species has been previously reported from Egypt on other hosts. Nevertheless, this is the first report of M. sphaerocephalum associated with pepper plants. Additional information on the distribution, importance, and status of this phytoparasite is presented.


This Special Issue has been promoted by BDSports (Big Data Analytics in Sports), a project developed as part of the activities of the Big & Open Data Innovation Laboratory of the University of Brescia, born in 2016 thanks to the financial support of Fondazione Cariplo and Regione Lombardia. BDSports is designed to set up a unique collaboration of experts interested in sport analytics both from a scientific and a practical point of view. The goal is to create a network able to facilitate contacts and joint research initiatives. Specifically, the project aims to organise events, carry out Special Issues in scientific journals, share ideas and data in order to publish scientific and non-scientific papers, collaborate with teams in various sports by supplying them analytics and apply for research grants. The data scientists expertise covers a wide range of quantitative tools in the fields of statistical modelling, multivariate data analysis, data mining, algorithmic modelling and machine learning.


This article is presented as a consultation paper for undergraduate and postgraduate students in the engineering airfield, which requires an implementation of fast and efficient control of an aerial robot. It aims tat presenting the design and implementation of a trajectory planner for a low cost quadrotor used as a research object. In addition, you will find that a conceptualization of the necessary mathematical analysis is made corresponding to the quadrotor-type multirotors, the control strategy, the calculation of the point-to-point trajectory planner with a trapezoidal velocity profile built in educational software and later the analysis of the results obtained in practice through an experimental validation of the same in the platform Ar.drone2 of the company Parrot vs the simulation carried out. These results will allow determining the effectiveness of the trajectory planner according to the computed coordinates XYZ, for this investigation it was not interacted with the orientation of the aerial robot, that is, there is no control over the rotation with respect to the Z-axis.


The effects of secondary torsion on shear strength of biaxial flexural reinforced concrete beams are analyzed. A gradual loading scheme with pending-coefficients is introduced to calculate the secondary torsion of biaxial flexural reinforced concrete beams. Comparison and analysis of calculation results and test results show that the present method is feasible. Some valuable conclusions are reached. It is shown that secondary torsion should be considered while calculating the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams with web reinforcement under biaxial concentrated loads.


Power electronics converters are gaining importance due to the reliable performance of grid-connected solar system or standalone solar system. In this paper nine levels cascaded H-bridge Multi-level inverter (CHB-MLI) is analyzed. The effectiveness of this multilevel inverter is investigated by replacing the input dc source in cascaded inverter bridge with separate PV array and boost converters. This PV fed nine levels CHB is analyzed in two ways: (i) with equal magnitude of input voltage source to inverter and (ii) with unequal magnitude of input voltage source. Total harmonic distortion (THD) analysis for both cases has been carried out. Different multicarrier PWM strategies are also discussed. Further, the improvement in power quality by using passive filters at the output end of MLI is shown. Results are verified in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment by performing simulation.


1.
Dabry's sturgeon, a large, long-lived migratory fish is endemic to the Yangtze River. Over-fishing and habitat destruction have caused large-scale declines in natural stocks in the last two decades.

2.
Examining patterns of genetic diversity has become an integral component of many management plans for endangered species. DNA fingerprinting was applied to detect genetic diversity in Dabry's sturgeon collected in 1958–1959, 1980–1981 and 1998–1999.

3.
Studies on direct genetic parameters (genetic variability, hypervariable loci and heterozygosity) and indirect parameters (band-sharing coefficient and allelic frequency) showed that the continuous decline in wild populations has caused the loss of genetic diversity in present-day sturgeon.

4.
The present-day populations have the lowest genetic variability; thus, effective management is needed to preserve genetic diversity.

5.
A conservation strategy is urgently required, comprising artificial rearing facilities coupled with breeding management plans.

Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development and is especially important in the production of high quality leafy green vegetables. In this experiment, leaf N concentration, chlorophyll concentration (Chl) and weight above fresh matter (AFM) of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) were estimated by correlations between in situ SPAD and atLEAF readings. Lettuce was grown in high tunnels during 42 days and was irrigated at five nitrogen levels: 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mEq·L-1 of NO3-, based on the Steiner nutrient solution. The N concentration, Chl concentration and AFM were determined in the laboratory, while SPAD and atLEAF readings were measured in situ weekly. SPAD readings had high, positive and significant linear correlations with N (R2 = 0.90), Chl (R2 = 0.97) and AFM (R2 = 0.98); atLEAF readings had a similar linear correlation with N (R2 = 0.91), Chl (R2 = 0.92) and AFM (R2 = 0.97). Besides, SPAD and atLEAF readings had high, positive, and significant linear correlation (R2 = 0.96). Thus, SPAD and atLEAF meters can be used to non-destructively and accurately estimate the N status of lettuce, in a reliable and quick manner during the crop production cycle. In addition, atLEAF is currently more affordable than SPAD.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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The invention relates to a valve locking device, in particular to a hinge type valve lock. The hinge type valve lock comprises a pipe hoop which is fixed on a water pipe and corresponds to the vicinity of a valve; the closed end of the pipe hoop is hinged to a second lock catch; the outer side end part of a handle on the top of the valve is rotatably connected with a first lock catch; lock catch holes are respectively formed in the free ends of the first lock catch and the second lock catch; when the handle is rotated to close the valve, the lock catch holes in the first lock catch and the second lock catch are located in the overlapped position. The valve lock is strong in practicability, simple in structure, convenient to use and low in cost, a valve switch spanner can be rapidly locked, misoperation can be effectively prevented, resources can be saved, the water use amount of different branch pipes on the same main pipeline can be accurately metered in an auxiliary way, and the practicability is very strong.


The main responsibility of any drug regulatory authority is to ensure the quality, efficacy, and safety of all marketed products. The first two criteria can be established through data obtained from in vitro testing to ensure compliance with acceptable standards and data obtained from animal studies, preclinical and clinical trials involving humans. It is a well-established fact that pre-marketing clinical trials do not have the statistical power to detect rare adverse drug reactions (ADRs) nor do they have significant follow-up to identify delayed ADRs or effects from long-term exposure. In view of this, pharmacovigilance plays a prominent role in establishing the safety profile of marketed drugs. Originally a modest appendix of drug regulation; it has become a major activity now.


The purpose of this study was to contribute to the existing body of highway visitor research by investigating differences between visitors to state welcome centers and visitors to local welcome centers. More than 3,000 self-administered questionnaires collected in state and local visitor centers throughout Louisiana were used to differentiate automobile travelers. State visitor center users significantly differed from local center visitors for most behavioral trip characteristics. This study confirms previous findings that users of state welcome centers are not representative of all automobile travelers. States that want to conduct visitor profile studies at welcome centers should include local welcome centers in their studies.


Aim:  To examine dietetic practice during the management of eating disorders in inpatient and daypatient settings.

Methods:  A survey was sent to dietitians working in the clinical management of eating disorders within Australia. Thirty-six qualified dietitians including all dietitians working at the specialist units in Australia participated in the study.

Results:  Most dietitians aim to meet patients' nutritional requirements by food alone without artificial feeding. High-energy supplements are the preferred method of increasing energy intake to eating disorder patients. Nasogastric feeding was a standard feeding practice for anorexia nervosa reported by one-third of dietitians. Total parenteral nutrition was not considered an option for nutritional rehabilitation. In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, variable energy intakes for individual patients were prescribed aiming for weight gain of up to 1.0 kg/week in inpatients and 0.5 kg/week in outpatients.

Conclusion:  In Australia, there is no standard nutritional management for anorexia and bulimia nervosa. This survey establishes a baseline for nutritional management and practice of dietitians working with patients with eating disorders. Further research is needed regarding use of nasogastric feeding, and weight gain targets in anorexia nervosa.


Gesture recognition integrated into Internet of Things (IoT) systems is a growing field with opportunities for improvement. Identifying hand gestures from vertical angles with a cooperative network of cameras can enable a broader collection of control methods for controlling IoT devices within residential and commercial environments. Integrating this smart home framework with other IoT control methodologies also creates a more user-friendly experience. To generate a proof of concept of the effectiveness with this control framework, a convolutional neural network was created using the YOLOv7 deep learning architecture and Roboflow software. This image detection network was connected to a simulated IoT device via Home Assistant home automation software and communicates using the MQTT protocol. The gesture detection system was tested on different camera setups to evaluate the importance of camera position and data sharing within a smart-home device network.


The campaign launched by the Soviet power against the «Hrushevskyi School» in post-war Lviv was not so much an ideological campaign directed only against Ukrainian historians. Rather, it was a broader campaign of pressure and persecution, which clearly illustrates the Soviet government's attempts to implement social discipline to establish total control over various groups of the Ukrainian intelligentsia. Consideration of various aspects of this campaign shows how discursive practices and relevant social «rituals» in the Soviet era were subordinated to the unification and Sovietization of Western Ukrainian public space in the postwar period. In contexts of this process, the case of Galician publicist and writer Mykhailo Rudnytskyi was significant. The study of his biography in this period allows us to analyze at the micro-level great processes that took place in Soviet Ukraine at this time.In addition to Moscow and Kyiv, local Soviet activists played an important role, primarily among the «pro-communist» professors of LSU. The Soviet government used the old principle of «divide et impera» by dividing intelligentsia into several groups, first criticizing one and then using them to criticize another one. Party documents show that Mykhailo Rudnytskyi remained a «stranger» to the Soviet government, a fragment of the «old world». Rudnytskyi also did not perceive the Soviet government as «his» but resorted to self-censorship for survival. Choosing survival strategies in postwar Lviv, he tried to balance between ostentatious loyalty to the Soviet regime and maintaining his own moral and ideological position.


of no association of vasopressor infusion during prone spine surgery with renal injury. Although retrospective data, it is reassuring for clinicians that management of hypotension with a vasopressor infusion for almost 3 hours in this clinical cohort was not associated with deterioration in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This is relevant given the known association of intraoperative hypotension with cardiac and renal outcomes. Of note in the report is moderate use of Hextend (Pfizer, New York, NY), a low molecular weight 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in a balanced electrolyte solution. As seen in Table 1, 60%–62% of patients (mean volume 786–800 mL) received Hextend in the no vasopressor and vasopressor groups, respectively. This was part of balanced fluid management with estimated blood loss 556–666 mL and administration of 3.3–3.4-L crystalloid, 732–738 mL albumin, and 142–186 mL red blood cells. This moderate intraoperative use (approximately 10 mL/kg over a finite period ≤3 hours) contrasts with many prior critical care studies and adds further support to safe intraoperative use when used appropriately.2 Concern for HES-associated renal injury developed from reports of excessive use in critically ill intensive care unit patients which do not match routine intraoperative, elective conditions. In many of those reports in critically ill patients, HES was administered for extended periods and at significantly large amounts, approaching 33–50 mL/kg. The dilemma of HES use in the United States continues3 given the paucity of level 1 evidence for intraoperative use. Although HES use was not the primary goal of this study, safe use of moderate-dose HES in a large surgical cohort (1080) affirms the role of balanced clinical use of HES with no renal injury (in fact, there was a small increase in estimated GFR). The authors reported no confounding effect of colloid amount on sensitivity analysis of outcome (Table 3) but did not specifically address HES use as part of clinical care in the cohort. In addition to supporting active vasopressor management of hypotension in spine surgery without evidence of renal injury, this study also highlights appropriate use of moderate-dose HES without evidence of renal dysfunction. Evan G. Pivalizza, MBChB, FFASA Department of Anesthesiology UTHealth McGovern Medical School Houston, Texas email@example.com


Evaluation of construction claims history can provide an understanding of improvement opportunities in a capital projects portfolio. This study analyzed cases of construction litigation involving the U.S. Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) for the period of 1982–2002, extracted from the historical trial decision record of the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA). The study provides trend data for all "first time" construction litigation cases brought before the Board over the last 21 years and a total of 666 cases involving NAVFAC construction contracts were identified over this period. The characterization of these cases was accomplished through a review and tabulation of ASBCA identified "primary" causes and a subjective analysis of "root" causes from a random sample extracted from the total population. The random sample data set totals 30 cases and was taken from cases litigated in the last 10 years (1993–2002). Findings and recommendations based on root causes, including specifi...


Abstract. In the studies of conservation above historical constructions the structural analysis is a determining factor to diagnose potential problems of load capacity in their structural elements. However due to the complexity of structural system, it is necessary to use methods of advanced structural analysis, such as: finite elements and rigid elements. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a simplified procedure to carry out a fast preliminary assessment to determine if it's sufficient with this assessment or in its defect warrants a structural analysis more detailed with some advanced method.


This article analyses the Brexit debate within the UK. It examines the historical roots of the debate from 1973 when the UK joined the European Economic Community, but focuses primarily on the debates that occurred between 2013 when David Cameron pledged to hold a referendum up and the 2019 UK General Election. Section one briefly introduces the topic. Section two examines the rise of social hatred during the referendum campaign. It focuses on the history of British euro-scepticism, the immediate context of the Brexit campaign, concerns over UK sovereignty and immigration, and the increasing use of threats and political violence. Section three examines the decline of trust in politics due to the increasing failure to challenge lies in the Brexit debate. It explores the idea of "Project Fear", the anti-expert narrative, and the anti-elitism narrative. Section four asks what this period tells us about UK democracy. It focuses on weak and disorderly government, the democratic status of the referendum, the erosion of trust in parliamentary institutions and mechanisms, and some reasons for (limited) optimism. The article concludes by considering possible ways forward for the UK government and polity following the decisive Conservative victory in the 2019 UK General Election.


A hierarchical structure is introduced to wired network.But,in Ad hoc network,it is difficult to introduce the hierarchical structure because all mobile hosts are always moving in the network.A new hierarchical routing protocol called layered-TORA based on the autonomous clustering scheme is proposed to solve this problem.It divided the mobile hosts into many autonomous clusters,the data is transmitted by the on-demand routing protocols between clusters and table driven routing protocols within clusters.The experi-mental evaluation of layered-TORA,and the results of comparative and analysis with TORA proved that the problem of introducing the hierarchical structure into Ad Hoc network is effectively solved by layered-TORA.


Yield1 analysis of SRAM is a challenging issue, because the failure rates of SRAM cells are extremely small. In this article, an efficient non-Gaussian sampling method of cross entropy optimization is proposed for estimating the high sigma SRAM yield. Instead of sampling with the Gaussian distribution in existing methods, a non-Gaussian distribution, i.e., a joint one-dimensional generalized Pareto distribution and (n-1)-dimensional Gaussian distribution, is taken as the function family of practical distribution, which is proved to be more suitable to fit the ideal distribution in the view of extreme failure event. To minimize the cross entropy between practical and ideal distributions, a sequential quadratic programing solver with multiple starting points strategy is applied for calculating the optimal parameters of practical distributions. Experimental results show that the proposed non-Gaussian sampling is a 2.2--4.1× speedup over the Gaussian sampling, on the whole, it is about a 1.6--2.3× speedup over state-of-the-art methods with low- and high-dimensional cases without loss of accuracy


The sedimentary copper mineralization of the Sorkheh area is located about 20 km northwest of Marand, East-Azarbaidjan Province, northwest Iran. The most important lithologic units in this area include sandstones and red-color shales, with the Late Miocene age, that are intruded by lamprophyric dike. The copper mineralization in the study area occurred as stratiform laminations and disseminations hosted by sandstones and shales and as open-space filling textures within lamprophyric dike. The ore mineralization in the sandstones consists of chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite, tetrahedrite, covellite, native copper, and cuprite. This study showed that mineralization is associated with weathering and leaching of the lamprophyric dike . Also, deposition of copper in sandstone units can be related to trapping of organic matters. Activity of the hydrothermal fluids, presence of abundant organic matters, function of diagenetic processes, existance of the geochemical barriers (organic matter and silicification), and the active tectonic in the area played crucial roles in this ore mineralization.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper, with an organisational focus, is to offer a novel examination of the association between workforce nationality composition and workplace flexibility practices (WFPs), an under-researched topic with high potential benefits at microeconomic and macroeconomic level. Design/methodology/approach – British data are used, as the UK has experienced significant immigrant flows and has a relatively high level of labour market flexibility. The Workplace Employee Relations Survey 2011, sampling 2,500 British workplaces, offers for the first time data on workforce nationality. Via zero-inflated regressions, the number of non-UK nationals employed in a workplace is assessed against a wide range of numerical, functional and cost WFPs. Findings – There are significant links between WFPs and the employment of non-UK nationals, and these are distinct for non-UK nationals from the European Economic Area (EEA) when compared to non-UK nationals from outside the EEA. The former are more lik...


Travelling irregularities in the ionosphere can produce large errors in the measured bearings of distant h.f. transmitters. By utilising the small Doppler frequency shifts produced in the received signal during these events, periods containing errors can be recognised. A `difference Doppler? technique is described that can assess the accuracy of the bearings measured for any transmitter of unknown location. The performance of the system for a wide range of ionospheric conditions, including multimode, is described. Examples of the improvements obtained in bearing accuracy and variance under operational conditions are presented.


Among the most serious complications of modern osteosyntheses are nonunion and infections. The pathology is challenging even for experienced surgeons, and the treatment often ends in failure. Bioactive glass represents an attractive alternative to conventional methods, as it combines a unique chemical formula (53% SiO2, 23% Na2O, 20% CaO and 4% P2O) that is osteoinductive and increases the local pH as well as the osmotic pressure, which leads to its antibacterial effect. Herein, we present a clinical case of a 35-year-old man with infected pseudarthrosis of the distal tibia treated with bioactive glass. The excellent clinical and radiological results at the 6-month follow-up and positive data from the literature lead us to be optimistic about the treatment of these severe conditions.


According to the problems in communication and limited application between products of different manufacturers,the structure block diagram of multifieldbus control system based on OPC technology and development thinking of OPC server/client weve given.Under OPC server/client mode,OPC data access,synchronization and asynchronism data access,data update,data subscription were realized,consequently the key problem of multifieldbus connection was solved.The solution which multifieldbus data share based on OPC was given.Multifieldbus control system was realized by these technologies.With the application of this scheme,this system can not only realize the data access between different fieldbus,but also expand the device on bus facility.It can bring optimization of the control system,increment of production efficiency,and through integrating device from different manufactures,this scheme brings considerable benefit.


Objective:To investigate the feasibility of constructing tissue engineering skeletal muscle with ectomesenchymal stem cells and the improvement on reconstruction of skeletal muscle defect.Methods:The ectomesenchymal stem cells were derived from E 11.5 fetal rat mandibular process,and then,these cells were differentiated into skeleton-muscle-like cells with 5 ml/L DMSO.Tissue en- gineering skeletal muscle constructed with BAM membrane and differentiated cells were transplanted to the site of muscle defect.After 14 days,all specimens were investigated with histological and immunohistochemical staining.Results:The ectomesenchymal stem cells can be differentiated to skeleton-muscle-like cells by DMSO and the tissue engineering skeletal muscle can accelerate the repair and re- construction of muscle.The tissue engineered muscles were similar to normal muscle in the characteristic of histological and morphologi- cal feature and express the positive signal of MyoD after 14 day transplantation.Conclusion:Ectomesenchymal stem cells were the ideal seeding cells in construct tissue-engineering muscle.The experimental study can provide the potential theory foundation and application value for the repair of muscle defect in the clinic.


A mathematical model is presented for computing viscosity, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity in the liquid and gas domains for pure components and mixtures. To calculate the transport properties of a real fluid, models based on Lennard-Jones intermolecular potential were applied. The new mathematical model is used for the calculation of transport properties for binary and ternary mixtures. The model is based on a new theory for mixtures. The results obtained by statistical thermodynamics are compared with the REFPROP model and show relatively good agreement.


The present invention discloses a method of signal detection precision optical transformer and voltage detection circuit, belonging to the optical voltage transformer art. The present invention employs a narrow band bandpass filter instead of a bandpass filter broadband, digital low-pass filter unit and replace the original control signal processing unit; in the signal detection process, using the index to obtain robust control algorithm Stability , thereby improving the dynamic performance of the light intensity associated with fluctuations in the optical voltage transformer. The present invention can be well suppressed obtain white noise with high precision closed loop error signal. Using signal detection circuit and a detection method of the present invention provides an optical voltage transformer to obtain a precision of ± 0.2%, bandwidth and fast step response of 25.2μs is 24.5kHz, application in power measurement and the field of protection of the indicator can be satisfied.


Methods for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer by manipulation of symbiotic microbial guns are provided herein. In particular, the amount, identity, presence, and / or ratio of the microbial gun (e.g., intestinal microbial gun) in the subject is manipulated to facilitate one or more co-treatment.


Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) have been synthesized on the basis of a silicon compound and a mixture of carbonyl iron particles of sizes 3–5 and 40–80 μm. Their viscoelastic properties have been studied by dynamic shear oscillations of various amplitudes on a stress controlled rheometer. The magnetic response of the obtained materials has been examined in a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the shear plane. It has been shown that under applied magnetic field both the storage G′ and loss G″ moduli became strain-dependent. The values of G′ and G″ decrease with strain, while their ratio (the loss factor), G″/G′, growths with strain. The higher magnetic field is the more pronounced the strain dependence is. At small strain (up to 1%) MRE demonstrate a giant (more than 10 times) increase of the moduli. Some features of hysteretic behavior of MRE under simultaneously applied magnetic field and external mechanical force have been elucidated. Temperature has a negligible effect on viscoelastic properties and stability of the developed MRE. A damper on the basis of MRE has been designed and its properties have been examined.


Objective
To explore the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnoses, treatments and prognoses of spontaneous spinal epidural and subdural hematomas.

Methods
Medical records of 10 patients with spontaneous spinal epidural hemorrhage and 4 patients with subdural hemorrhage, collected in our hospital from September 2013 to January 2016, were analyzed retrospectively. Evacuation of the hematoma was carried out in 12 patients and the other two patients were treated conservatively. The functions of spinal cords were assessed by American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale (ASIA) before and after the treatment.

Results
Spontaneous spinal epidural and subdural hematomas appeared mostly in young patients with sudden onset. Spinal epidural hematomas were much more common than subdural ones. The pathological examination showed that one suffered from arteriovenous malformation, one suffered from perimedually artriovenous fistula, and 12 had intracranial hematomas which were resulted from undefined causes. The ASIA before the operation was as follows: 5 were in grade A, 2 in grade B, 4 in grade C and 3 in grade D. The ASIA after the operation was as follows: 4 were in grade A, one in grade C, 3 in grade D and 4 in grade E. The two patients received conservative treatments achieved total recovery of the neurological functions (grade E).

Conclusions
It should be stressed that early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are of great importance for prompt of spontaneous spinal epidural. The better the preoperative neurological status, the better the neurological outcome after the surgical operation.

Key words:
Hematoma, epidural; Hematoma, subdural; Hematorrhachis


A bending vibration model and a dynamic measuring model for a Half Coated Metal Core Piezoelectric Fiber(HMPF) were established.On the basis of the equivalent bending moment from an applying voltage,the bend vibration model of HMPF for a cantilever structure was deduced.According to the first piezoelectric equation,the surface electric displacements,electric charges and the admittances of the HMPF were derived when the resonant exciting voltage was applied.Then,the dynamic measuring model was established to measure the resonant frequencies,anti-resonant frequencies and the low frequency capacitances and to obtain the main parameters,elastic coefficients sE11,electromechanical coupling factors k31,dielectric constants eT33 and piezoelectric coefficients d31.Three kinds of samples for HMPFs were measured,and their average values are elastic coefficient in 16.856×10-12 Pa-1,electromechanical coupling factor in 0.179,dielectric constant in 2 251 and piezoelectric coefficient in-103.621 pC/N.The theoretical simulation and experimental results show that this method is accurate and available.


Objectives: To study the incidence, type of infective organisms, possible risk factor and sources of infectious in relation to emergency and elective abdominal surgery. Methodology: During two years study period of postoperative wound infection admitted in Basaveshwar Teaching & General Hospital attached to Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Gulbarga, 80 operations including elective and emergency surgical procedures, done in major OT were studied. As a routine patients were investigated to rule out preexisting comorbidities. Results: A total number of 80 cases during 2 years period were studied. The various factors responsible for wound infection and their response to antibiotics were studied, the results were analyzed and discussed. The post operative wound infection in relation to age (highest incidence in above 60 years age group – 62.5%), sex (male sex), nutritional status (poor status of the patient – 36.36%), anaemia (severe33.33%). Conclusion: Thus from the above findings the incidence of wound infection, simple attention to technical details. Introduction Wound infections in abdominal surgeries, also known as surgical site infections (SSIs) complicate the recovery of many patients. Microbes have come to occupy a very important place with day to day service of surgeon. Bacterial infection at a surgical incision may have results that ranges from inconvenience to disaster, from small stitch abscess to massive destruction, septicaemia, and death. Between these extremes there are many forms of sepsis that cause patient discomfort, delay the return to health or leave permanent disability. Surgical site infection is defined as wound infection which occurs at an incision site within 30 days after operation & involves skin or subcutaneous tissue above the fascial layer 1 . Bacteria can gain entrance to the wound from endogenous or exogenous sources. Surgical infection is an infection which requires surgical treatment and has developed before or a complication of surgical treatment. Thus, post operative wound infection is also a specific nosocomial infection. Although the majority of SSIs are uncomplicated, others may be severe and more challenging to manage. Microbes are as old as man. There is no satisfactory explanation as to their origin. Whatever may be the origin they are causing www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor (SJIF): 6.379 Index Copernicus Value: 71.58 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v6i6.13


The electrorheological(ER) behavior of a chitosan adipicate suspension in silicone oil was investigated by varying the electric fields, volume fractions of particles, and shear rates, respectively. The chitosan adipicate suspension showed a typical ER response caused by the polarizability of an amide polar group and shear yield stress due to the formation of multiple chains upon application of an electric field. The shear stress for the suspension exhibited a linear dependence on the volume fraction of particles and an electric field power of 1.88. On the basis of the results, the newly synthesized chitosan adipicate suspension was identified as an anhydrous ER fluid.


Chronic kidney disease is a common disease process in pets over 10 years old. While more common in cats, the following information applies to dogs also. It occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to fully perform their normal duty of removing waste by-products from the blood. This is not the same as the inability to make urine. In fact, most cats with renal failure are producing large volumes of urine in an attempt to remove the waste products that have accumulated in the blood. This apparent contradiction between the large volume of urine produced and declining kidney function is often a source of confusion for owners.


The purpose of this study is to describe the process of developing LKPD in the learning of Buddhist and Moral Education in Class IV Elementary School. The method used in this study is a research and development with an Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE) approach. The data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data credibility is assessed by transferability, dependability, confirmability, and logical validity. The data analysis techniques used for qualitative data are data collection, data reduction, presentation, decision making, and verification. The quantitative data were analyzed by a descriptive percentage theory. Based on the assessments of the three material experts, LKPD obtained a percentage of 93,75% in the good and decent categories. The average percentage gain from the two media experts was 77,5% with good and decent categories. The average percentage of prospective users, namely fourth grade students at SD Negeri Wates 01 was 91,25% in the good category, while the percentage of grade IV students at SD Negeri 01 Kenteng is 88,77% which indicates that it was in the good category. The percentage gain from practitioners who have used LKPD PAB is 91,25 % with good and decent categories. Based on the result of the validation and implementation tests from the experts, and pracititioners, it is shown that the PAB LKPD was feasible to be used as a teaching material.


A process is described for creating a more civerse set of experiences for undergraduate students in mathematics. While we use examples drawn from classes studying linear algebra, the procedures are appropriate for any undergraduate course in mathematics. The diversity of the activities is generated in part through the use of a taxonomy which addresses the nature of the activities rather than a hierarchy of levels of difficulty. All exercises used as illustrations have been attempted by students in second year undergraduate classes.


− In this research the characteristics of ammonia removal from malodorous waste-air were investigated under various operating condition of biofiilter packed with equal volume of rubber media and compost for the efficient removal of ammonia, representative source of malodor frequently generated at compost manufacturing factory and publicly owned facilities. Then the optimum conditions were constructed to treat waste-air containing ammonia with biofilter. Biofilter was run for 30 days(experimental frequency of 2 times/day makes 60 experimental times.) with the ammonia loading from 2.18 g-N/m/h to 70 g-N/m/h at 30 C. The ammonia removal efficiency reached almost 100% for I through IV stage of run to degrade up to the ammonia loading of 17 g-N/m/h. However the removal efficiency dropped to 80% when ammonia loading increased to 35 g-N/m/h, which makes the elimination capacity of ammonia 28 g-N/m/h for V stage of run. However, the removal efficiency remained 80% and the maximum elimination capacity reached 55 g-N/m/h when ammonia loading was doubled 70 g-N/m/h for VI stage of run. Thus the maximum elimination capacity exceeded 1,200 g-N/m/day(i.e., 50 g-N/m/h) of the experiment of biofilter packed with rock wool inoculated with night soil sludge by Kim et al.. However, the critical loading did not exceed 810 g-N/m/day (i.e., 33.75 g-N/ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 392 이은주·박상원·다오빈남·정찬홍·임광희 화학공학 제48권 제3호 2010년 6월 m/h) of the biofilter experiment by Kim et al.. The reason to exceed the maximum elimination capacity of Kim et al. may be attributed to that the rubber media used as biofilter packing material provide the better environment for the fixation of nitrifying and denitrification bacteria to its surface coated with coconut based-activated carbon powder and well-developed inner-pores, respectively.


Small-angle X-ray scattering interface distribution function (IDF) analysis is successfully applied to evaluate the two- and three-phase inter-platelet gallery structure in synthetic montmorillonite (MMT) modified with a mixture of chemically grafted and physically adsorbed chains of a typical organic modifier, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. Two distinctly different states of adsorbed chains in the inter-platelet galleries are identified. The first one corresponds to a fully cation-exchanged structure with an inter-platelet distance of about 21 A. In this case the organic modifier is in a liquid-like state, and the system does not exhibit any structural or thermal transitions between ambient temperature and 433 K. When the number of adsorbed chains exceeds the cation-exchange capacity of the MMT platelets the inter-platelet spacing is increased to 43 A. In this case, the variable-temperature IDFs reveal partially crystalline order in the inter-platelet galleries, which vanishes at the melting point of the alkyl tails confined in the galleries.


Malaysian government aims to have 99 percent of the population served by clean and treated water by 2020. However, the wastewater and sewage treatment are left behind in terms of development of drinking water counterpart. The lack of sustainability in the sewage industry is a result of high operation and maintenance costs and environmental threats. It is in the best interest for operator to find efficiencies in energy use to reduce operation and maintenance costs. Performing energy audits at sewage treatment systems is one way community energy managers can identify opportunities to save money and energy. In this paper, the importance of energy use in sewage systems is illustrated by a case study of a process energy audit performed for a sewage treatment plant located at South Peninsular Malaysia. The energy audit identified opportunities for significant energy savings by looking at power intensive unit processes such as oxidation ditch, sludge thickener, office and compound and clarifier. The audit recommends a total of six Energy Saving Measures for this plant. From the analysis, findings showed that by implementing all measures, 244496 kWh per year which is similar to amount RM 87457 per year can be saved. This case study presents best practices that can be readily adopted by operators in their pursuit of energy and financial savings in sewage treatment system.


In recent years, a number of computationally efficient models have been developed that adequately describe the static and dynamic behavior of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL). In order to correctly recreate the behavior of existing laser sources, a large number of physical parameters must be specified. Finding these unknown physical characteristics in experimental curves may be time-consuming, and mainly requires trial and error processes or regression analysis. Instead of manually analyzing experimental data to find the best VCSEL parameters, we propose a Machine Learning (ML) based solution to automate the process. The proposed approach exploits the parametric dataset obtained from Light-current and Small-signal modulation responses to extract the required model parameters. Excellent results are obtained in terms of relative prediction error.


The Compass sensor is an electronic compass. Its multiple operating modes can be selected by using simple jumpers. In robot football matches it is often used to determine the orientation of the goal in the attack robots. The RoboBall compass sensor depicted in this paper can determine 8 orientations and it can be classified as 32 orientations if combined with different processors and software.


This paper derives equations to predict hysteresis energy of SDOF systems for a wide range of damping ratio. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed equations, time domain analyses under recorded earthquakes are conducted for a lot of SDOF systems with various yield strengths and damping ratios. Concluding remarks are as follows. 1. For 2 % damping ratio, not only the proposed equations but also almost previous equations show good corresponding to time domain analyses. 2. For 5% or 15% damping ratio, the proposed equations show good corresponding to time domain analyses while almost previous equations overestimate hysteresis energy.


This paper analyzes the banana screen screening principle,then summarized the recent years domestic and foreign banana screen development present situation,At the end the paper analyzes the difference of banana screen in the domestic and foreign n the design concept and the design method,technical parameters selection,the design of key components,anti-corrosion,anti-wear processing equipment,power consumption,noise and vibration control,


In the present study, 90 chemicals were tested against Eisenia foetida for the purpose of using this organism as the marker species to indicate the relative toxicities of chemicals to earthworms and other soil invertebrates. The worms were exposed to deposits of the chemicals on filter paper for 48 h and the mortality was recorded; concentrations were expressed in μg/cm2. Based on the resulting LC50 values, the chemicals were classified as supertoxic ( 1,000 μg/cm2). Of the chemicals tested (pesticides, solvents, metals, drugs, carcinogens, etc.), only carbofuran and eserine salicylate, both carbamates, were supertoxic. The remaining chemicals were distributed about equally among the other toxicity categories. The most surprising results were that the phenolic hydrolytic products of parathion, carbaryl, 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T were as toxic, or more toxic, than the parent material, with all of these compounds falling within the extremely toxic and very toxic classifications. Several chemicals, considered only moderately or relatively nontoxic to mammals, were extremely or very toxic to earthworms; among these compounds were carbaryl, malathion, cypermethrin and benomyl. The results of this study further demonstrate the unpredictability of chemical toxicity to different animal species, a fact which complicates the assessment of environmental risk to one or more species based on data attained with another.


Long‐term survivors of pediatric cancer are at risk of life‐threatening late effects of their cancer. Previous studies have shown excesses in long‐term mortality within high‐risk groups defined by demographic and treatment characteristics.


Abstract: This research type is about descriptive qualitative research was conducted at SDN 037 Tarakan Indonesia and Chiang Rai Municipality School 2 Thailand in the 2018/2019 school year. The focus of this study is the implementation of Character Education Strengthening based on school culture in order to improve the competitiveness of students. The second research focus is the development of character values in order to improve the competitiveness of students at SDN 037 Tarakan Indonesia and Chiang Rai Municipality School 2 Thailand. The results of this research are the implementation of Strengthening Character Education to Increase Competitiveness of Students at SDN 037 Tarakan Indonesia and Chiang Rai Municipality School 2 Thailand. The second result is the development of character values based on the five main values of Strengthening Character Education, namely religious, nationalist, independent, mutual cooperation and integrity which in its development there are similarities and differences in the forms of development that are influenced by school culture and trust in each country. Keywords: Strengthening Character Education, School Culture, Competitiveness, Comparative Studies.


(0.1-100 ng/ml), (±)salbutamol (0.1-100 ng/ml) and (-)noradrenaline (1-10,000 ng/ml) caused concentration-dependent relaxations, the concentration-effect curves being similar in slope and maxima. Relative potencies are summarized in Table 1 which includes comparative data obtained on guinea-pig isolated tracheal and right and left atrial strips. The rank order of potency of the catecholamines in causing relaxation of the rat mesovarium was isoprenaline > adrenaline > noradrenaline. The potency of (±)salbutamol relative to (-)isoprenaline was similar to that on the guinea-pig isolated trachea; other fi2-stimulants such as (±)terbutaline (0.1-1000 ng/ml) and (±)fenoterol (0.01-100 ng/ml) were also potent agonists on the rat mesovarium. Propranolol was a potent antagonist of (-)isoprenaline-induced relaxations of rat mesovarium (pA2 = 8.8); in contrast, practolol was only a weak antagonist (pA2 = 5.0-5.3). We conclude that rat mesovarian smooth muscle contains ,B-adrenoceptors and that these are of the fl2-subtype. It is possible therefore that the leiomyomas referred to above result from prolonged and intense activation of f32-adrenoceptors in mesovarian smooth muscle.


We study the average case complexity of a linear multivariate problem (LMP) defined on functions of d variables. We consider two classes of information. The first Astd consists of function values and the second A*11 of all continuous linear functionals. Tractability of LMP means that the average case complexity is 0((l/e)p) with p independent of d. We prove that tractability of an LMP in Astd is equivalent to tractability in A311, although the proof is not constructive. We provide a simple condition to check tractabil-ity in A"". We also address the optimal design problem for an LMP by using a relation to the worst case setting. We find the order of the average case complexity and optimal sample points for multivariate function approximation. The theoretical results are illustrated for the folded Wiener sheet measure.


We present the optimization of multiple-quantum-well (MQW) electroabsorption (EA) modulators based on system transmission performance simulation. The absorption spectra of InGaAsP MQW material under different electric fields are worked out using a non-variational numerical method. Transmission simulation is then carried out using the calculated extinction ratios and chirping parameters to evaluate the performance of the EA modulator under a predefined operation condition. Voltage-dependent chirping parameters are adopted to offer a more realistic description of the performance of the EA modulator in actual fiber communication systems. Simulation results show that the barrier bandgap wavelength and the well width have the most significant influence on device performances.


This paper describes a highly practical blind signal separation (BSS) scheme operating on subband domain data to blindly segregate convolutive mixtures of speech. The proposed method relies on spatiotemporal separation carried out in the time domain by using a multichannel blind deconvolution (MBD) algorithm that enforces separation by entropy maximization through the popular natural gradient algorithm (NGA). Numerical experiments with binaural impulse responses affirm the validity and illustrate the practical appeal of the presented technique even for difficult speech separation setups.


Medical journal websites frequently contain tracking code that transfers data about journal readers to third parties. These data give drug, device, and other medical product companies a potentially powerful resource for targeting advertisements and other marketing materials to journal readers based on unique attributes and medical interests that can be inferred from the articles they read. Thus, while editors may strictly regulate the content of advertisements that such companies place in their journals' pages, they simultaneously provide those companies with the means to target readers in other forums, possibly in ways that subvert editorial guidelines. We examine the implications of third-party tracking on medical journal webpages, and recommend actions that publishers, editors, and academic societies can take to curb it.


OBJECTIVE
Thirty patients with endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the endometrium who had undergone total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were reviewed histopathologically.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Tissues were stained immunohistochemically with p53 and bcl-2, respectively. Ten cases were selected as grade 1, ten cases grade 2 and ten cases grade 3.

RESULTS
We observed 14 cases (46.6%) of bcl-2 and four cases (13.3%) of p53 positivity; p53 expression showed an opposite correlation to bcl-2 staining, estrogen and progesterone.

CONCLUSION
We observed a decrease in bcl-2 reactivity and an increase in p53 positive staining as the histological differentiation worsened.