This thesis targets at the numerical reformation of CA6140.From the selection of numerical system,the design and calculation of long and cross feed transmission system,the selection of step motor to the device of electrical control system,the writer makes a detailed research and analysis.The mechanical and electrical adjustment proves to attain the expectation effect,which meets the demand of medium and small-sized enterprises to part of complex-shape and high-precision and promotes considerably their competitiveness.This reformation brings those enterprises 500,000 Yuan RMB per year and achieves quite good social benefits.


The sloughing of both tonsils, and ulceration of the uvula. There was a chain of small ulcers, extending from the tip of the epiglottis to the pyriform fossa on each side ; the naso-pharynx had been full of sloughing adenoid tissue. septic late, sloughing throat neck septicaemia at the onset, the serum early. the left capitulum its at phonation difficulty in approximating the cord to the middle appear be due to this condition.


Wood plastic composites attract great attention in various applications. Chemical modification of the wood fiber with NaOH and various coupling agents was performed for wood fiber composites. Wood fibers treated with NaOH, APTES, TEVS, and BC coupling agents were compounded with PP matrix for measuring physical properties. All those chemical treatments increased physical properties much compared to the untreated case because of the elimination of impurities by NaOH treatment and because of the introduction of compatible molecular structure onto the wood fiber surfaces. Especially, the TEVS case showed the best tensile strength, and it could be attributed to the chain structure having double bond of the molecules for high compatibility with PP matrix. The SEM morphology also demonstrated increased adhesion between wood fibers and PP matrix with chemical treatments. The adhesion between wood fiber and PP matrix would be a key parameter in achieving high physical properties of the composite materials.


According to the requirements of the students through the survey by questionnaire, the paper introduces the methods taken in class teaching of college English which emphasize on the intergrated-ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing.


The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the determinant factors of social TV resistance to innovation and intention to use focused on college students. The results were as follows. First, complexity, trialability and observability among the determinant factors of social TV usage influenced positively on resistance to innovation of social TV, and complexity influenced negatively on resistance to innovation of social TV. Second, only observability among the determinant factors of social TV usage influenced positively on intention to use. Third, resistance to innovation of social TV usage influenced negatively on intention to use.


Abstract The development of integrated optical dense wavelength division multiplex filters at Siemens in the SiO2/Si and InGaAsP/InP material systems is presented. These were realized as concave reflection gratings on the basis of Rowland and flat-field mountings and as optical phased arrays. A short discussion of some implementation issues—key requirement specifications and aspects of commercial systems—is included.


(54) ALPHA BRANCHED ESTERS FOR USE IN 4,846,991. A * 7/1989 Suzue et al. ............. 424/70.19 METALWORKING FLUIDS AND 4.882,077 A 11/1989 Cox METALWORKING FLUIDS CONTAINING 5,091,270 A * 2/1992 Ohya et al. ........... 428/694 BG SUCH ESTERS 5,171,481. A 12/1992 Yoshimura et al. ......... 508/463 5.248,431. A 9/1993 Fujita et al. : (75) Inventors: Rocco Burgo, Mullica Hill, NJ (US); 35. A C. R. S. O.S. Paul Kennedy, Bensalem, PA (US) 5,744,432 A 4/1998 Barnhorst et al. 6,008,167 A * 12/1999 Appelman et al. .......... 508/463 (73) Assignee: Inolex Investment Corporation, 6,300,293 B1 10/2001 Lamberth Wilmington, DE (US) 6,710,021 B1 3/2004 Fisher ........................ 508/152 6,881859 B1 * 4/2005 Mozeleski et al. .......... 560/265 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 OTHER PUBLICATIONS U.S.C. 154(b) by 221 days. Burgo, et al., "Metalworking's Watery Challenge." Lubes N'Greases, p. 31 (Oct., 2001). (21) Appl. No.: 10/397,448 * cited by examiner (22) Filed: Mar. 26, 2003 Primary Examiner-Ellen M. McAvoy (65) Prior Publication Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Flaster/Greenberg P.C.


This study was carried out to evaluate the mercury content on scalp hair in the urban coastal area of Thiruvallur district, Tamilnadu, India. The average value of total mercury (THg) in scalp hair of male residents living in urban coastal area of thiruvallur district is 8.163 ± 0.0816 mg/L and that of female is 0.816 ± 0.0316. Values are expressed as the mean SD of 3 individual values. Mercury was found more in the scalp hair of male than female. THg increased with age of subjects in male, but not in female.


Bonded joints used in wing sections and frames of aircraft structures are mostly exposed to cyclic loadings instead of static ones during their services. Bending types of dynamic loadings are mostly encountered. In this study, the fatigue response of a single lap joint (SLJ) exposed to bending loading was studied with the developed advanced finite-element (FE) model. The cohesive zone model describing the behaviour of the adhesive layer used the damage mechanism, where static and fatigue damages were linked to each other; i.e., the total damage was accumulated because of material deterioration and cyclic plastic separation. This enabled us to predict the fatigue characteristics including the finite fatigue life, crack propagation rate using Paris law. The model was implemented via a user-defined UMAT subroutine offered in ABAQUS-Standard. The numerical model was validated by experiments available in the literature. The fatigue performance of an SLJ subjected to bending loading was investigated for different lap joint configurations. A smaller bending load, a thicker adherend or a longer overlap length (OL) led to enhanced fatigue life. For instance, the fatigue life was observed to increase up to 50 times for a 66% increase in OL.


There are about 130,000 Donggan people living in Kyrgyzstan,Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan of Central Asia.These people were originally Hui descents of Shaanxi and Gansu Muslims who escaped to Central Asia leading by several leaders including Bai Yanhu after a failed uprising in northwest China in the Qing Dynasty.As they moved to a strange exotic environment and lived 130 years in a complete isolated state with the mainland Hui,affected by the adjacent national culture,their language and culture have undergone many changes.However,they still have a strong sense of national identity,so they call themselves "Central Plains People" and "Old Hui People".They do not agree the title of "Donggan People",also hoping to get support from Chinese scholars.


approved: AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Kris Joseph Hundertmark for the degree of Master of Science in Wildlife Science presented on 11 November 1981 Title: FOOD SELECTION AND JUVENILE SURVIVAL IN NUTTALL'S Signature redacted for privacy. F / B. J. Verts A population of Nuttall's cottontails (Sylvilagus nuttallii) in Deschutes County, Oregon, decreased fromm 166 individuals in August 1978 to 76 individuals in August 1979. Survival rates of four annual litter groups in 1978 were 0.74, 0.35, 0.72, and 0.93; survival rates for the same litter groups, respectively, in 1979 were 0.12, 0.28, 0.07, and 0.18. Population density and juvenile survival decreased between the 2 years possibly because of alterations in forage quality and quantity caused by precipitation. Numbers of cottontails on the study area on 30 August were related significantly (PO.Ol) to initial breeding density and to precipitation falling during the breeding season (February July). Survival in juvenile cottontails from birth to 30 August was related significantly to precipitation in the first (P<O.05), third (P(O.01), and fourth (p(0.Ol) annual litter groups. Vegetative abundance at the end of the growing season (September) decreased by approximately 30% between the 2 years; the decline corresponded with a 45% decrease in crop-year (September June) precipitation. Succulence of grasses, forbs, and shrubs was greatest in spring, declined in summer, and increased slightly in late summer. Forbs consistently were the most succulent group, except in September when shrubs were most succulent. Grasses exhibited the greatest variation in succulence in response to precipitation; shrubs exhibited the least. A moisture availability index (MAI) indicated that, despite approximately equal estimates of succulence between the 2 years, moisture was more available to cottontails in 1978 because of greater abundance of vegetation. Cottontails seemingly selected forage groups in relation to their relative succulence, within limits. Shrubs were avoided, and succulent juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) foliage was eaten only in dry periods, possibly because of low tolerance in cottontails to plant secondary compounds, particularly terpenoids. Juveniles selected forbs in significantly (P<0.05) greater proportions than adults, possibly to aquire additional moisture for growth; diets of younger (<600 g) and older (>600 g) juveniles did not differ. Breeding females selected forbs in significantly (P<0.05) greater proportions than males, possibly because of moisture demands associated with reproduction and lactation. Other nutrients, especially protein, that are associated with moisture content of plants, possibly were as important as moisture in determining food habits and population fluctuations in Nuttall's cottontails in central Oregon. The relationship between juvenile survival and precipitation possibly was caused by genotypic variation in efficiency in cottontails to utilize moisture and nutrients. Food Selection and Juvenile Survival in Nuttall's Cottontails in Central Oregon by Kris -Joseph }undertmark


Standard Deviation is a commonly used risk measures in risk management and portfolio optimization. Optimal portfolios have normally been computed using standard deviation as the measure of choice f ...


Urban agglomeration is an advanced spatial form of integrating cities, resulting from the global urbanization of recent decades. Understanding spatiotemporal patterns and evolution is of great importance for improving urban agglomeration management. This study used continuous time-series NTL data from 2000 to 2018 combined with land-use images to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of urbanization in the three most developed urban agglomerations in China over the past two decades: the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRD), and the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). The NTL intensity indexes, dynamic thresholds, extracted urban areas, and landscape metrics were synthetically used to facilitate the analysis. This study found that the urbanization process in the study areas could be divided into three stages: rapid urbanization in core cities from 2000 to 2010, a fluctuating urbanization process in both core cities and surrounding cities from 2010 to 2015, and stable urbanization, mainly in surrounding cities with a medium size after 2015. Meanwhile, the urbanization level of GBA was higher than that of YRD and BTH. However, with the acceleration of urban development in YRD, the gap in the urbanization level between GBA and YRD narrowed significantly in the third stage. In addition, this study confirmed that the scattered, medium-sized cities in YRD and GBA were more developed than those in BTH. This study showed that continuous NTL data could be effectively applied to monitor the urbanization patterns of urban agglomerations.


Mid-surfaces of complex thin objects are commonly used in CAD applications for the analysis of casting and injection molding. However, geometrical representation the analysis of casting and injection molding. However, geometrical representation in CAD typically takes the form of a solid representation rather than a mid-surface; therefore, a process for extracting the mid-surface is essential. Contemporary methods for extracting mid-surfaces are based on numerical computations using offsetting techniques or Voronoi diagram processes where the data is discrete and piecewise linear. These algorithms usually have high computational complexity, and their accuracy is not guaranteed. Furthermore, the geometry and topology of the object are not always preserved. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes a new apreduces the mid-surface problem into a parametrization problem that is based on a matching technique in which a nonlinear optimization function is defined and solved according to mid-surface criteria. Then, the resulting mid-surface is dictated by a reparametrization process. The algorithm is implemented for freeform ruled, swept, and rotational surfaces, that are commonly used in engineering products. Reducing the problem to the profile curves of these surfaces alleviates the computational complexity of the 3D case and restricts it to a 2D case. Error is controlled globally through an iterative refinement process that utilizes continuous symbolic computations on the parametric representation. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated through several examples.


Abstract In this paper, a compact 4-element antenna array with the dimension of 150 mm × 150 mm is proposed for BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) anti-jamming applications. The proposed antenna array comprises of four identical microstrip right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) antenna elements. The four microstrip antenna elements are placed in the same polarity with a distance of 80 mm between adjacent elements. The antenna element which employs dual probe-fed structure has a relatively small volume of 45 mm × 45 mm × 5 mm. The antenna array has been fabricated and measured. The experimental results show that the proposed antenna array is quite suitable for BDS anti-jamming application.


In the early 1990's Canada began a process designed to increase the amount of child support to be paid by non-custodial parents in an effort to reduce child poverty. In 1997, after several years of study and coordination among the federal, provincial and territorial governments, Parliament passed a set of guidelines that linked the level of child support to the income of the non-custodial parent. This paper examines the historical development of the guidelines, and the assumptions that underpin them. The original goals of the guidelines are compared with their apparent and likely results in an attempt to provide a map for future adjustments and policy revision. Paul Millar Anne H. Gauthier Department of Sociology Department of Sociology University of Calgary • University of Calgary 2500 Drive N.W. . 2500 Drive North West Calgary (Alberta) T2N 1N4 Calgary (Alberta) T2N 1N4 firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com 162 Paul Millar and Anne H. Gauthier Appendix A: Estimated Annual Costs of Children using four Methods' Annual Gross Income: $20,000 1 child (0-6) 1 child (7-11) 1 child (12-18) Extended Engel $1,057 $1,693 $2,285 Blackorby /Donaldson $2,499 $3,145 $3,739 Adult Goods $3,137 $3,475 $3,834 Consumption $401 $766 $1,854 Annual Gross Income: $40,000 1 child (0-6) 1 child (7-11) 1 child (12-18) Extended Engel $1,755 $2,811 $3,796 Blackorby /Donaldson $4,198 $5,810 $7,227 Adult Goods $4,531 $5,020 $5,538 Consumption $1,671 $2,200 $3,776 Annual Gross Income: $70,000 1 child (0-6) 1 child (7-11) 1 child (12-18) Extended Engel $3,072 $4,919 $6,644 Blackorby /Donaldson $ 7,347 $10,167 $12,648 Adult Goods $6,097 $6,754 $7,451 Consumption $3,576 $4,351 $6,659 Source : Department of Justice, Canada Appendix B: Sources for Child Cost Estimates


PURPOSE: To provide a polymer suitable for a carrier, a storage body or the like, that can be obtained by condensating diamine and citric acid through a carboxyl group joined to carbon atoms of 1 and 3 positions of citric acid, and can control and continuously release an agent in an organism. CONSTITUTION: The polymer is represented by formula I (R is H, a C 1-4 alkyl, -CCl 3 or the like). Citric acid, of which COOH group and OH group joined to carbon atom of 2 position are protected, and diamine are polycondensated, and the protective groups are removed by the contact hydrogenation, or the reaction of a basic or acid aqueous medium, to obtain polyamide of formula II (n is an integer less than 1000; Z is a straight chain or branched chain C 2-10 aliphatic chain which is optionally substituted by hydrophilic gp, -OH or -COOH, and to a middle of which O and S are optionally inserted, an aryl chain or the like;-is two types of bond in a case when Z is asymmetrical. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


This study aims to explore the felt and lived experience of acute and chronic pain as a catalyst for wearer-centered garment design and it's making. It examines the impact of pain in life disruption as well as two diverse stances to pain management and alleviation: product and design process. These perspectives connect the material and corporeal to develop methodologies that can further inform both product and design. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by bringing to the fore the importance of mixed methodological approaches to fashion and product research and development.


__________________________________________ __________________ II Acknowledgements ____________________________________________________III List of acronyms _______________________________________________________ IV Table of contents __________________________________ _________________________V Photos__________________________________________________________________VII Figures ____________________________________________ __________________________VII Tables __________________________________________________________________VII 1 Beneficial outcomes or incompatible issues?_________________________________ 1 2 Research problem _________________________________ ___________________ 3 2.1 Aim and main objectives ___________________________________________________3 2.2 Previous Research________________________________________________________4 2.3 Assumptions and research questions__________________________________________6 2.4 Summary of aims, objectives and research questi ons _______________________________7 3 Methodological framework and methods of research _ __ _________________________ 8 3.1 Knowledge and the knower _________________________________________________9 3.1.1 Conditions for constructed contexts_______________________________________________ 10 3.1.2 A critique of reflexive methodology _______________________________________________ 11 3.2 Research methods _______________________________ ____________________________12 3.2.1 The case study_______________________________________________________________ 12 3.2.2 The research interview _______________________ ______________________________________ 13 3.2.3 Identifying stakeholders ________________________________________________________ 13 3.2.4 Methods of analysis __________________________ _____________________________________ 14 3.2.5 Data and sources of data_______________________________________________________ 15 3.2.6 A critique of the data __________________________________________________________ 15 3.3 Delimitations __________________________________ _________________________16 3.4 Terminology____________________________________________________________17 4 An integrated conceptual framework ______________________________________ 20 4.1 Visualizing the framework ______________________ ______________________________21


Journalism practiced by the pure players is increasingly studied. This article aims to analyze this "online journalism" from a primarily economic perspective. The model only reports a dynamic that affects primarily journalism: the economization of politics. An economization that can be seen / observed, among other things, in the emphasis on economic issues and the financial structure of the newspaper. The approach developed here seeks to combine three frames of reference: G. Mulhmann to understand the ideals, J. Duval, which focuses on the role of the economy in the processing of information and finally Foucault through his concepts of biopower and bioeconomy. By offering an original analysis of pure players, the objective is to shed additional light on the many ongoing works on this topical subject.


The introduction of novel hybrid technologies, including CT-linacs, MRI-linacs and PET-linacs has the potential to revolutionize the practice of radiation oncology, likely resulting in better-quality patient care with improved outcomes. CT has long been the standard of care modality in radiation therapy; however, MRI provides superior soft-tissue contrast, is inherently multiparametric offering both anatomical and functional information in addition to spectroscopy, and presents many advantages for motion management during treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


New trends such as the internet-of-things and smart homes push the demands for energy-efficiency. Choosing energy-efficient hardware, however, often comes as a trade-off to high-performance. In ord ...


Most non-trivial applications use input/output (I/O), suc h as network communication. When model checking such an application, a s imple state space exploration scheme is not applicable, as the process being m odel checked would replay I/O operations when revisiting a given state. Thus a s oftware model checker requires a faithful model, or it has to encapsulate such oper ations in a cache layer that is capable of hiding redundant operations from externa l processes.


Modes of action of anthelmintic drugs are described. Some anthelmintic drugs act rapidly and selectively on neuronmscular transmission of nematodes. Levamisole, pyrantel and morantel are agonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of nematode muscle and cause spastic paralysis. Dichlorvos and haloxon are organophosphorus cholinesterase antagonists. Piperazine is a GABA (T-amino-bu~ric acid) agonist at receptors on nematode muscles and causes flaccid paralysis. The avermectins increase the opening of glutanmte-gated chh)ride (GltlC1) channels and produce paralysis of phmTngeal pumping. Praziquantel has a selective efl'ect on the tegument of trematodes and increases permeability of calcium. Other anthehnintics have a biochemical mode of action. The benzimidazole drugs bind selectively to ~-tubulin of nematodes, cestodes and fluke, and inhibit nficrotubule formation. The salicylanilides: rafoxanide, oxych)zanide, brotianide and closantel and the substituted phenol, nitroxynil, are proton ionophores. Clorsuhm is a selective antagonist of fluke phosphoglycerate kinase and mutase. Diethylcarbamazine blocks host, and possibly parasite, enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, and enhances the innate, nonspecific immune system. Kx-~WOnl)S: Mode of action; anthehnintics; levamisole; dichlorvos; piperazine; avermectins; praziquantel; benzimidazoles; salicylanilides; clorsulon; diethylcarbamazine.


Data for Colombia and Venezuela from the 1950s to the early 1970s are used to test the validity of the Latin American mortality pattern estimated by the United Nations. The analysis is done using a non-stable population technique that can be used with any open and/or non-stable population. The results are compared with those for Chile and Argentina. The authors conclude that these data do not confirm the existence of a typical Latin American mortality pattern of this kind. "However males and females in both countries Colombia and Venezuela show a particular pattern: high younger age death rates relative to older age death rates. This pattern is just the opposite to [that] observed for Chilean and Argentinian males identified as the U.N. Chilean pattern." (EXCERPT)


The utility model discloses a frictional force demonstration instrument. The instrument is mainly composed of a data processor, a friction slide plate, and a set of friction demonstration blocks being different in mass, which are installed on an experimental base board; and a tensile force sensor, a fixed pulley, and a digital display screen, which are installed on a vertical panel. According to the utility model, an intelligent technology is utilized to apply a static friction force generated during the experiment process onto the tensile force sensor; the static friction force is converted into an electrical signal through a friction force output transition circuit and a force sensor module so as to be sent to a one-chip microcomputer for calculating and processing; and then experimental data of the static friction force is displayed through the digital display screen dynamically, thereby visually and truthfully demonstrating the physical phenomena of generating and changing of the static friction force, helping students to profoundly understand the physical conception and basic principles of the ''static friction force'', and effectively increasing the quality level of physical experiment teaching. The frictional force demonstration instrument is advantaged by being simple in structure, easy for production and manufacture, convenient in experimental operation, and strong in demonstration visuality.


Abstract This special issue of Educational Philosophy and Theory considers the Hong Kong Umbrella Movement as an educational event, which has impacted attitudes and outlooks and conceptions of young people's role, of education, and of society. This essay serves as an introduction to the more substantive pieces that follow. It describes two alternative perspectives on youth civic engagement in Hong Kong historically; and in so doing, it addresses some of the challenges related to free academic expression that hinder scholarly research and publishing on the area of Hong Kong-China relations looking into the future. It concludes with a brief glimpse of the contributions that follow.


Offshore and deepwater spawning flatfish species in the Gulf of Alaska, such as arrow- tooth flounder Atheresthes stomias and Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis, have juvenile nurs- eries that are inshore, in bays or at the mouths of bays. Larvae must emigrate from their spawning areas along the continental slope and outer shelf towards shore, in a direction across the prevailing Alaskan Stream. Using a 20 yr time series of data from ichthyoplankton surveys in the Gulf of Alaska, we examine patterns of variability in larval halibut and flounder distributions that may reflect pro- cesses resulting in successful recruitment to nursery areas. Several patterns can be observed in these data. Eggs and the smallest-sized larvae are distributed deep in the water column along the outer shelf and slope. Larger larvae tend to be located in the upper water column and farther inshore over the continental shelf. Larger larvae are also associated with deep-sea valleys and troughs that pene- trate the shelf. Thus, these topographic features may serve as transport pathways to juvenile nursery grounds. ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) conditions and warm-year anomalies are linked to recruitment strength of Pacific halibut. Variability in larval transport as related to ENSO and other conditions that enhance onshore advection may play an important role in the recruitment of flatfishes to their nursery grounds. The results of this analysis indicate that larvae of both species are more abundant in coastal areas during El Nino events, and that a higher proportion of larvae are trans- ported inshore during El Nino years.


Poisson distribution is one of the most important and widely used statistical distributions. It is commonly used to describe thefrequency probability of specific events when the average probability of a single occurrence within a given time interval isknown. In this paper, Bayesian inference of Poisson distribution parameter (μ) is presented. Two Bayesian estimators of μusing two different priors are derived, one by using conjugate prior by applying gamma distribution, and the other usingnon-informative prior by applying Jeffery prior. The two priors yield the same posterior distributions namely gammadistribution. Comparison of the two Bayesian estimators is conducted through their bias and mean square error evaluation.


This research paper focuses on how innovations support new market creation emerging from latent opportunities for low-income group. It also emphasizes on novel strategies that can be implemented for sustaining. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the study and directions to stimulate future research on the subject.


Through introduction the design of urban water supply pipeline network and quality control of construction management,the importance of water supply pipeline network and water supply safety were discussed.Combined with national water supply standard and law,the quality control of urban water supply pipeline network was detail illustrated,which provided guarantee for urban water supply safety.


Designer is a software tool that helps the program developer lay out structure diagrams. Structure diagramming is a structured design technique commonly taught in New Zealand polytechnics. Diagrams can be written for overall logic flow or detailed design. Unlike a flow chart, a structure diagram can always be directly translated to the control structures of a structured programming language. The basic diagram symbols are process boxes, decisions, loops, input-output boxes and procedure calls.


The mycotoxin aflatoxin is a secondary metabolite and potent human carcinogen. We investigated one mechanism that links stress response with coordinate activation of genes involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus parasiticus. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that AtfB, a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, is a master co‐regulator that binds promoters of early (fas‐1), middle (ver‐1), and late (omtA) aflatoxin biosynthetic genes as well as stress‐response genes (mycelia‐specific cat1 and mitochondria‐specific Mn sod) at cAMP response element motifs. A novel conserved motif 5′‐T/GNT/CAAG CCNNG/AA/GC/ANT/C‐3′ was identified in promoters of the aflatoxin biosynthetic and stress‐response genes. A search for transcription factors identified SrrA as a transcription factor that could bind to the motif. Moreover, we also identified a STRE motif (5′‐CCCCT‐3′) in promoters of aflatoxin biosynthetic and stress‐response genes, and competition EMSA suggested that MsnA binds to this motif. Our study for the first time provides strong evidence to suggest that at least four transcription factors (AtfB, SrrA, AP‐1, and MsnA) participate in a regulatory network that induces aflatoxin biosynthesis as part of the cellular response to oxidative stress in A. parasiticus.


A polymer membrane for a fuel cell is provided to ensure high hydrogen ion conductivity and mechanical properties by dispersing a nano-sized inorganic additive on the polymer membrane. A polymer membrane(60) for a fuel cell comprises a cation exchange resin and an inorganic additive(40). The inorganic additive has a layered structure and includes silisic acid-based clay. A method for producing the polymer membrane for a fuel cell consists of the following steps of: adding an inorganic additive to an organic solvent to produce an inorganic additive liquid; agitating the inorganic additive liquid to be peeled off; and separating inorganic additives from the peeled inorganic additive liquid.


Competition between ports receiving container ships has started to attract more clients such as freight forwarders, importers, exporters, shipping lines, ship owners and logistics service providers. Container terminals play a substantial role in global cargo transportation by serving as an intermodal between the maritime entities and by a variety of carriers. This paper aims to investigate those criteria that can be applied by port clients (shipping lines only) when they select their calling ports. A questionnaire has been developed to identify those criteria that are currently applied by shipping lines in the container market in calling at seven ports located in the East Mediterranean region. Data and answers were collected for this questionnaire and were then compared with those criteria discussed in the available literature. Several interviews have been conducted with different shipping lines working in the east Mediterranean region in order to select the most important criteria from their perspective. The most important criteria identified by shipping lines are grouped into seven categories. The Fuzzy AHP approach was applied to weight each criterion. The results were distributed again in a second questionnaire to the experts and academics in the field, to highlight the basic criteria from their perspective. Finally, the results of both questionnaires were given weight for each criterion through the AHP method of analysis and K-firm concentration ratio. A ranking index of ports was developed based on the criteria identified by the shipping lines. It is concluded that the port charges criterion has the highest degree of importance as perceived by the shipping lines served by the East Mediterranean container market


The problems involved in the construction of a magnetic refrigerator operating below 1°K, using superconducting metallic links for the thermal valves and a paramagnetic salt as the working substance, are discussed. A cycle for the operation of the refrigerator is suggested and then examined for the optimum operating conditions with readily available laboratory facilities. Design equations are obtained and compared with our more recent experimental model. The constructional details of a completely automatic experimental model of the magnetic refrigerator using lead for the thermal valves, iron ammonium alum as the working substance, a helium bath at 1°K as the high‐temperature reservoir, a maximum magnetic field of 7000 gauss, a 2 minute cycle of operation, and capable of extracting 120 ergs/second from a reservoir at 0.3°K are presented in full. Temperatures as low as 0.2°K are obtained with this model. Improvements in this this design, its use either for the production of an isothermal reservoir or as a ...


SUMMARY EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANT COMMERCIAL FORMULATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES The effectiveness of three commercial formulations of Quillaja saponaria, Azadirachta indica and Tagetes spp. for the control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita was tested in two field trials on tomato. Formulations were applied as single or repeated treatments to the soil or used for root dips of tomato seedlings before transplanting. In the first trial all soil treatments with quillay and azadiractin formulations and fenamiphos resulted in a tomato yield significantly higher than untreated control and in a significantly lower soil population density of M. incognita and gall formation on tomato roots. Quillay and neem derivates gave the best results by repeated post-transplant treatments. In the second experiment response of quillay and tagetes formulations was effective and similar to chemical control. Best performances were obtained by the single application of tagetes formulation at transplant. Root dips in the solutions of the quillay and azadiractin products showed better results when combined with a low dosage treatment to the soil.


In most e-learning scenarios, communication and on-line collaboration is seen as an add-on feature to resource based learning. This paper will endeavour to present a pedagogical framework for inverting this view and putting communities of practice as the basic paradigm for e-learning. It will present an approach currently being used in the development of a virtual Radiopharmacy community, called VirRAD, and will discuss how theory can lead to an instructional design approach to support technologically enhanced learning. 1 Communities as a Basic Paradigm for Learning The e-learning field is currently occupied by a knowledge management and multimedia content technological approach that offers individual learning independent of place and time as well as flexibility in knowledge formation processes. This approach came under fire for neglecting that learning is intrinsically a social process. This is to say that information cannot be separated from its context and that the cognitive dimension of knowledge is intricately intertwined and assessed relative to the needs for action (Senge, M. reported by Meen & Keough, 1998, Lave, 1991, Brown et al. 1989). The technological approach to e-learning further assumes that ready access to primary information sources eliminates the need for knowledgeable mediated guidance. Shortcomings © Waxmann Verlag GmbH 430 appear in the lack of learner's motivation and peer contact and in the high costs of multimedia learning content. In order to develop technology based solutions that enhance learning a pedagogical framework is needed to set out the guidelines and criteria for the creation of effective e-learning environments (Evans 2001). The benefits of a theoretical framework lie in relating theory to practice and connecting the concrete educational innovations of practitioners to advances in the field of learning technology. The learning paradigm presented here can be considered as an alternative to the traditional instructional design approach, because its aim is to preserve and facilitate the characteristics of social constructivist theory (Vygotzky, 1978, Wilson 1996). Wilson (1996) defines a constructivist learning environment "as a place where learners may work together and support each other as they use a variety of tools and information resources in their guided pursuit of learning goals and problem-solving activities." The more open the learning environment the greater the learners' opportunities to construct his/her own educational processes according to his/her own educational interests, styles, capacities and other unique characteristics, with a greater exposure to different ideas from others. Further, participation in strong and symmetrical relations among the learners, which are characterised by a high level of mutual dependency is a necessary (maybe also sufficient) condition for a social atmosphere of acceptance (Laister & Koubek 2001). The social constructivist theory also emphasises the importance of reflection processes, (Honebein 1996, Savery & Duffy 1996), which include the understanding of personal strengths and weaknesses concerning emotional maturity, group reflection and the development of rational learning and autonomy. 2 Theoretical Framework applied to concrete model example This paper will present our pedagogical approach, which is currently being used in the development of a virtual Radiopharmacy community, called VirRAD. VirRAD is a European funded project with the aim to create a virtual environment where the worldwide Radiopharmacy community can meet to learn, exchange views and discuss best practices. To meet this end VirRAD will offer a community platform with specific features to support communication and collaboration between community members. VirRAD will also include a courseware component where members can access multimedia learning/teaching material, including video and simulations, as well as a 3D lab where members can experiment with hazardous expensive materials in a way that would not be possible in real life. This paper will investigate the pedagogical framework and how it leads to practical solutions supporting technologically enhanced learning. Following the assumption that "all learning is a continual process of discovering insights, inventing new possibilities for action, producing the actions, and observing the © Waxmann Verlag GmbH 431 consequences leading to insights" (Senge, M. reported by Meen & Keough, 1998), our efforts have attempted to integrate the dimension of action into the development of an e-learning environment for Radiopharmacists. To achieve this goal our research in the field has led us to the implementation of communities as a basic paradigm for learning and the development of a pedagogical framework for VirRAD comprising: • the characteristics of communities of practice (CoP): domain, practice and community (Wenger, 1998), • the psychological theory of Mindful Learning (Langer, 1997), and • aspects of the situated instructional approach: e-tivities (Salmon, 2002) 3 Communities of Practice and Virtual Communities Communities of practice (CoP) as discussed by Etienne Wenger (1998) provide an environment that facilitates both openness, and participation and have been adopted in our theoretical model. They offer their members a social environment where people can exchange and construct knowledge, have a common language (jargon), share specific tools and knowledge resources and adopt a common way of doing things. Members of a CoP work together, develop ideas, achieve common tasks, discuss the past and the future and thus develop and sustain mutual relationships (Preece, 2000 and Wenger, 1999). A CoP can also be nurtured in the virtual world where the emphasis lies on social interaction mediated by current ICTs. This facilitates the construction of shared knowledge in collaborative problem solving and the organisation of collaborative learning events, on which research has placed great educational value. Higher achievement levels, cognitive advantages, raised problem solving skills, context and person related knowledge and motivation, as well as the development of personality traits (beneficial for future learning) are only some of the benefits suggested to date (Teasley and Roschelle, 1993, Webb, 1984, Bargh, 1980). Openness and participation are core themes in CoPs. Learning is accelerated in CoPs because they offer learning through social interaction and support the creation of knowledge in meaningful, authentic real contexts. In other words CoPs offer a suitable environment for the support of "constructive learning" as termed by Vygotzky (1978). The underlying principle of this concept is that communities are fundamentally self-organised systems and are not bound to official structures. According to Wenger the main characteristics of a community of practice includes three dimensions. These are domain, practice and community. The domain is the shared expertise, which gives a purpose to the community. The practice dimension refers to the specific knowledge (tacit and explicit) the community shares, develops and maintains and to the protocols that are followed in the domain. The community dimension is the social frame in which the learning takes place. © Waxmann Verlag GmbH 432 A virtual community of practice also needs to offer its members these characteristics in order to be sustainable and successful. 3.1 The VirRAD Community of Practice VirRAD will support existing communities within the field of Radiopharmacy, some of which have already taken a first step towards a virtual community using an Internet based discussion group called Radpharm. The technology used for this discussion group is Yahoo! Groups. However, the Radiopharmacy community is not entirely satisfied with this solution and wants a technology more suitable to their requirements and every effort was taken to provide a better solution. Theoretical and qualitative empirical research was carried out using methods for monitoring the existing Radiopharmacy communities and methods for assessing the requirements for virtual communities. In order to identify the potential communities and leverage points and help implement CoP inspired initiatives, an analysis of the Radiopharmacy communities on an international and a national scale was carried out with the aim to: • explore the virtual and non-virtual ways of collaboration and communication of the Radiopharmacy community • identify the requirements for community technology and usability of software • find the most appropriate ways to support the existing Radiopharmacists in a virtual worldThe research revealed that Radiopharmacists discuss different issues on a national/local level and on an international level. The Radiopharmacy hot topics on each level were identified as well as those on which the community wishes to increase collaboration, all of which shows that Radiopharmacists have already a well defined domain. One of the main obstacles to increased collaboration and communication were seen to be organisational policies allowing limited resources to attend meetings. Moreover, we analysed factors which increase or inhibit all of the following: motivation, collaboration, trust, community building, advancing in the field of Radiopharmacy, developing a shared practice, openness etc. Overall, the research delivered invaluable results, which are beneficial to the development of the VirRAD community. In VirRAD we foresee that the community will build on existing networks and communities of Radiopharmacists paying great respect to their different user requirements. To meet this end it is envisaged that the community will be divided into subgroups to allow for local variation. The big challenge within the VirRAD community will be to connect these subgroups to a whole that is to allow for some kind of connectedness between them. In order to achieve this a great deal of moderation and cooperation will be required,


The isomerization was carried out over metal oxides, sulfates and perchlorates in toluene at 108°C, and the selectivities were found to be strikingly different. SiO2–Al2O3, solid H3PO4 and LiCIO4 formed almost 100% ketone, while TiO2 and Al2O3 gave more than 80% allyl alcohol. Only NiSO4 produced both products.


Enantiomers of 2-hydroxy derivatives of fatty acids and their use as medicaments. The present invention relates to a method of separating the enantiomers (or optical isomers) [-] and [+] of compounds 2-hydroxy derivatives of fatty acids, the enantiomers themselves, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use as medicines. The present invention also covers a method of in vitro diagnosis / prognosis of said diseases based on the expression level of said enzyme EC 22.214.171.124, and a kit comprising means specially designed to carry out the diagnosis / prognosis. In addition, EC 184.108.40.206 enzyme can be used as a therapeutic target for screening candidate compounds for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases mediated by it.


The research looks into the methods of visual representaƟ on of points accumulated by students in a single study course that are employed in modern data science. StaƟ sƟ cal indicators and prospects for improving the subject based on them are discussed: which parts of the subject should be adjusted to increase the training course's quality. Data processing and display methods that the course instructor can employ eff ecƟ vely in the pro-cess of observing conƟ nuous visualisaƟ on of scores are discussed.The arƟ cle introduces a novel approach for enhancing the content of a training course through staƟ sƟ cal anal-ysis and visual representaƟ on of student scores, uƟ lising React.js technology. The proposed plaƞ orm empowers course instructors to incorporate various assessment methods such as quizzes, presentaƟ ons, mid-term exams, and fi nal exams and subsequently display students' grades based on each assessment method. The plaƞ orm em-ploys advanced staƟ sƟ cal indicators and robust visual presentaƟ on capabiliƟ es to calculate and illustrate the points achieved. This enables instructors to easily idenƟ fy desired evaluaƟ on methods, observe the distribuƟ on of points, and simultaneously track mulƟ ple evaluaƟ on methods to monitor the dynamic progression of the training course. Consequently, this holisƟ c approach enables instructors to idenƟ fy and address problemaƟ c secƟ ons within the course content, leading to meaningful improvements.


I am pleased to offer this historical article by Carl Baum. I have known Carl since the early 70s, when much of the work described was in its early development stage. Indeed, it is interesting for me to note that Carl recommends reading the special AP issue published when I was editor of the Transactiom. During that publication period we were having great difficulty with page limtations (700-800 pages per year), and I had a stressful time with the article-length problem. It should be noted that our present journal is¿ nearly double the volume allowed then. Several of us at the time made a plea to AdCom to expand the length to 1,000 pages!! This was soundly defeated, because of the fear that our finances would suffer greatly, and that this change was certainly too radical a step. Perhaps this page limitation problem spurred Carl on to further expand his Notes, a worthwhile and, certainly, a widely appreciated activity. In my opinion, the growth of our Socief in the past fifteen years is, in part, due to the edication of individuals such as Carl. WFC]


A 67-year old woman who had received treatment with prednisolone for systemic scleroderma visited our hospital. She complained of mild abdominal pain, bloating, anorexia, watery stools (approximately three times a day). Abdominal computed tomography showed high contrast appearance and thickening of the entire small intestinal wall as well as accumulation of intestinal fluid with no mechanical obstruction (Figure 1). Capsule endoscopy (Figure 2a) and antegrade double-balloon endoscopy (Figure 2b) revealed retention of cloudy intestinal fluid throughout the entire small intestine with reddish and edematous mucosa. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The central focus of the paper is to develop the technical bases for intertechnology comparisons based on health risks. To achieve this objective, the paper unifies deterministic and probabilistic aspects of energy‐related health‐risk assessment. The first section of the paper discusses the measures of risk assessment used in making comparisons among different technologies that generate electricity. Beginning with such risk measures as the constant slope and zero intercept hypothesis, the discussion progresses through risk scaling, summation, and other measures. The shortcomings and advantages of each measure are discussed and illustrated. The second section of the paper introduces and discusses the basis for probabilistic risk assessment through frequency‐severity models and hazard functions. The third section provides a summary of intertechnology comparisons and discusses their usefulness for the decision maker. This section includes technology comparisons based on confidence tables as a means to repres...


In response to a need for understanding the role of practice and agency in identity production, this paper establishes the concept of positive dramas. Positive dramas are particular fields of meaning and engagement constituted by people to organize experience into lived narratives; enacted self-adventures marked by a sense of something important being at stake, unpredictability, emotional engagement, and involvement of self. Based on research in four organizational settings, five main types of positive dramas are identified (The Battle, The Mission, The Mystery, The Treasure Hunt, and The Other). Their temporal levels range from peak experiences, to time-bound cycles inherent in work, to open-ended quests. These findings are situated within the tradition of positive organizational scholarship. Implications for identity production are more broadly discussed.


A series of mannose-templated microgels with immobilized catalytic sites and catalysis-supporting co-monomers was synthesized and evaluated for catalytic hydrolyses of glycosidic bonds. Interactions of the secondary coordination sphere around the catalytic center were implemented between the sugar and surrounding monomers by copolymerization of corresponding acrylates. The obtained microgels were evaluated for their ability to enhance the catalytic hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in neutral and alkaline solution. The catalytic proficiency of the microgels reaches a remarkable value of 1.4 × 107 at neutral pH when hydrogen-bond-accepting 2-methoxyethyl acrylate is embedded in 20 mol % as a co-monomer, instead of butyl acrylate. The results indicate a strong influence of hydrogen-bond-accepting co-monomers on the stability of the transition state of glycoside hydrolyses in the designed biomimetic catalysts. The overall performance of all microgels correlates very well with the calculated dipole moments of th...


ObjectiveWe evaluated patient drug adherence to and efficacy and safety of adalimumab (ADA) based on data collected from approximately 200 patients to retrospectively examine the best use of ADA in Japanese patients with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis (RA) managed in daily practice.MethodsFor explorative comparisons, patients were stratified by prior use or no use of biologics (Bio-naïve vs. Bio-switch) and concomitant use (+) or no use (−) of methotrexate (MTX) into four subgroups. The primary efficacy endpoint was extent of improvement in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) from baseline to 24 weeks assessed as European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) good response. Secondary endpoints included ADA treatment continuation as represented by Kaplan–Meier survival curves and percentages of patients achieving remission as defined by DAS28-ESR <2.6.ResultsOverall, mean DAS28-ESR significantly decreased from 5.6 ± 1.2 at baseline to 4.1 ± 1.7 at week 24 (p < 0.0001), and >30 % of patients achieved EULAR good response. Subgroup analyses indicated that patients in the Bio-naïve and MTX (+) subgroup showed the highest EULAR good response rate of 37.3 % at week 24. The three most commonly reported adverse events (AEs) were skin allergies such as injection-site reactions, infections, and respiratory disorders such as interstitial lung lesions and organizing pneumonia.ConclusionIn conclusion, ADA therapy resulted in significant clinical response in established Japanese patients with RA treated in daily practice. It also demonstrated generally good safety and tolerability. It was suggested that the best use of ADA may be in biologically naïve patients with concomitant administration of MTX.


Let p be a prime with p � 7 and q = 2(p 1). In this paper we prove the existence of a nontrivial product of ltration s + 4 in the stable homotopy groups of spheres. This nontrivial product is shown to be represented up to a nonzero scalar by the product element e sbn 1g0 2 Ext s+4;(p n +sp 2 +sp+s)q+s 3 A (Z=p;Z=p) in the Adams spectral sequence where n � 2 and 3 � sp 1.


The physically demanding work of a PRHO is especially difficult for those with mobility problems, as Simon Yau found out


Optical storage media often contain title, chapter, a data structure for a menu suitable for selection of such parameters. Such menus usually comprise a plurality of buttons to be displayed, each having one state. Button can take state is "not selected", a "selected", or "has been activated." According to the present invention can be varied depending on the state of display on the menu button. Image or image sequence to provide an animation to a user, for example, can be associated with cartoon button state. Further, the sound or sound sequence, e.g., may be associated a melody or click the button state and buttons may be reproduced when entering this state. Data structure that allows to store such menu data e.g. for Blu-ray disc are disclosed.


Current needs of economic development make use of a new approach to the study and management of financial markets and their institutions: an integrated analysis of all segments of financial markets and non-segmented thinking. This article proposes ranking of institutional investors in the region as an indicator of the territory based on an integrated approach to the analysis of institutions of different sectors of the financial market.


Purpose

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are commonly used in many aerospace and industrial applications. MMCs possess significantly improved properties including high specific strength, specific modulus, damping capacity and good wear resistance compared to unreinforced alloys. The purpose of this paper is to describe the tribological studies of Al-Si alloy–fly ash composites manufactured using powder metallurgy technique.

Design/methodology/approach

Al-Si (12 Wt.%) alloy–fly ash composites were developed using powder metallurgy technique. Al-Si alloy powder was used as matrix material, and the fly ash was used as reinforcement. The particle size of Al-Si alloy powder was in the range of 75-300 μm, and the fly ash was in the range of 1-15 μm. The friction and wear characteristics of the composites were studied using a pin-on-disc set up. The test specimen was mated against cast iron disc, and the tests were conducted with the loads of 10, 20 and 30 N, sliding speeds of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 m/s for a sliding distance of 2,000 m.

Findings

The effects of load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the base alloy and Al-Si alloy–fly ash composites pins on sliding with cast iron disc are evaluated. The wear rate of Al-Si alloy–fly ash composites is lower than that of base alloy, and it increases with increasing load and sliding speed. The coefficient of friction of Al-Si alloy–fly ash composites is increased as compared with base alloy.

Practical implications

The development of Al-Si alloy–fly ash composites produced by powder metallurgy technique will modernize the automobile and other industries because near net shape at low cost and good mechanical properties are obtained.

Originality/value

There are few papers available on the development and tribological studies of Al-Si alloy–fly ash composites produced by powder metallurgy technique.


Background: Scabies is highly prevalent in children less than 6 years and more so in less than 2 years of age. Treating scabies in infants and children is challenging. The objective was to study the characteristics and distribution of lesions and outcome with topical Permethrin and Oral Ivermectin in scabies in children. Methods: 264 cases of scabies from the skin and pediatric outpatient of a tertiary care center were enrolled. Results: It is common in children below 5 years of age. The effectiveness of local Permethrin and oral Ivermectin was not significantly different in the form of complete cure. Conclusions: Children tend to scratch the rash repeatedly, the scratch marks and crusting of the rash sometimes make this infection hard to identify, hence high index of suspicion is required to diagnose. Complicated lesions in scabies require more duration than uncomplicated lesions. Permethrin and Ivermectin are equally effective in scabies. Ivermectin being orally administered is a drug of choice in epidemics.


Many emerging mobile wireless applications require peer-to-peer transmissions over an ad hoc network, where the nodes often have different number of antennas, and the channel condition and network topology vary over time. It is important and challenging to develop efficient schemes to distributive coordinate transmission resource sharing among a heterogeneous group of nodes over an infrastructure-free mobile ad hoc network. It is desirable for broadcast operation in wireless ad hoc network to prevent collision and achieve low latency at the same time. In this letter, we propose a greedy broadcast scheduling algorithm based on the graph theory of Maximum Weight Independent Set (MWIS) problem. During each broadcast wave cycle, MWIS is able to find the optimal selection of forwarders so that maximum number of untouched nodes is covered without incurring collision. Numerical results show that this algorithm could produce better performance results than recent 2-step approach. In literature related to broadcast operation, most work has been focused on how to minimize the number of transmissions in a broadcast operation, and collisions were prevented simply through a random back off timer for messages forwarding without consideration in latency performance. A recent work in adopts a 2-step approach (broadcast tree construction plus transmission scheduling), and proposes an algorithm that generates both bounded latency and bounded number of transmissions results.


The article mainly reviewed the effects of non-ionic surfactant on quantity of rumen microbes,enzyme activity,rumen fermentation characteristics,digestibility and performances in ruminants.The functional metabolism and interactive effects with other feed additives of non-ionic surfactant were evaluated in this article.


This introductory chapter situates the study of legal argumentation outside of courtrooms in the context of existing theories of discourse and deliberation in international law and politics. It identifies a central gap in those theories, namely, the distinctive role of legal as opposed to other forms of argumentation. It posits a set of questions addressed in the book that together illuminate the microprocesses of communicating in the language of international law: who, what, where, why, and to what effect? The introduction also provides a synopsis of the chapters in the book, clustered into three groups: security, human dignity, and the global commons.


The invention relates to a measuring element for measuring a color register, with at least two superimposed printed part measuring elements, each part of the measuring element is generated with an individual printing unit, each sub-measuring element has an at least one-dimensional pattern of repeating areas of different optical density or different area coverage, and wherein the overprinting that part measuring elements causes interference, which serves as a measure of the color register.


The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed perceptions of life, the restoration of people to the environment, their own health and the future owner of children and humanity in general. At an unrecognized time, people around the world have faced a new production - a viral disease. Propose a reduction in the number of infectious people who want to capture the whole world: travel around the world is scheduled, the activities of these institutions are suspended, people are locked in their homes. Prosthetic total lockdown, harm to human health, through sitting in a negative impact on the psyche, physical activity The way out of this situation – domestic travel in rural areas, low-lying natural places, land and sea coasts. Therefore, this article analyzes the opportunities and threats to the development of eco-tourism during pandemics.


In this paper we discuss a Landau levels problem within the framework of noncommutative configuration space and phase space. We show that the associated energy levels are being shifted in terms of the noncommutative parameter and can be directly obtained from its associated generalized Landau Hamiltonian. A straight forward way of constructing the shifted energy levels is just via a proper defined Bopp shift applied onto the spatial and momenta operators that are used to describe the Landau levels in symmetric gauge potential.


PURPOSE: To provide an inexpensive potassium titanate crystalline fibrous substance having a composition represented by formula 2K 2 O.11TiO 2 .2H 2 O and useful as artificial mineral fiber with superior heat insulating properties and fire resistance. CONSTITUTION: Starting materials are selected from K 2 CO 3 , KOH, K 2 SO 4 , KNO 3 , KCl, TiO 2 and Ti(OH) 4 so that the molar ratio of K 2 O to TiO 2 is adjusted to 1:1W1:6, and the selected materials are blended, kneaded, and converted into paste with a little water. This paste is pelletized, dried at about 20W100°C, calcined at a higher temp, cooled in air at about 15W25°C, dissolved in water, decomposed, and filtered to collect a potassium titanate crystalline fibrous substance. This fibrous substance is excellent in chemical resistance and other properties, can be formed into cloth, a board, etc., and has high value mainly in use as a heat insulator and an intermediate for manufacturing a catalyst carrier for high temp. reaction. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio


Detergent is a clothing cleanser that contains surfactants. Surfactants are active substances that are in the composition of detergents and are able to remove dirt on clothes. The effect of excessive use of detergents can damage the gills of fish, causing the survival of fish contained in water bodies cannot survive. If the water is polluted by high enough detergent, it can cause the tilapia icon to not be able to adapt until it finally collapses and dies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pollutant (detergent) on the survival of tilapia and the concentration of the detergent that had the most effect and at what time the tilapia was lethal. The method in this study is a laboratory experiment. This research was conducted in the MIPA laboratory at IAIN Ternate with a room temperature of 29◦C, which was designed for 2 repetitions. The sample of tilapia used was 40 fish with a length of 9-10cm totaling 20 fish in 2 replications. Quantitative data analysis using the Survival Rate (SR) formula or survival. The results of the study found that higher levels of detergent could cause tilapia to be unable to survive more than four days because tilapia were only able to adapt to the lowest detergent concentration range. Tilapia will die if they are not able to adapt to the presence of detergent doses in water bodies and decreased dissolved oxygen.Keywords: Pollution Materials (Detergent), Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus),     Survival.


AbstractFixture design is a complex process and largely relies on a designer's experience to solve current problem. Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) provides a promising methodology for solving design problems in this complex domain based on the idea that past problem-solving experiences can be reused and learned from in solving new problems. In order to realize a CBR design system to assist designers to solve fixture design problems in the Internet-enabled environment, case representation is described using XML (eXtensible Markup Language) format in this paper. The XML-based representation structure using UML (Unified Modeling Language) notation is illustrated and discussed. A design process with an example is presented in the developed system applied with XML-based representation. The Internet-enabled CBR system for fixture design is developed and implemented in client-server mode architecture.


Brookhaven National Laboratory plans to build a partial helical snake for polarized proton acceleration in the AGS. It will be a 3 Tesla superconducting magnet having a magnetic length of 1.9 meter. AGS needs only one magnet and currently there is no plan to build a prototype. Therefore, the first magnet itself must function at the design operating field and provide the required field quality, spin rotation and deflections on the particle beam. New software have been developed that exchanges input/output between the OPERA3d field design program, the Pro-Engineering CAD model and the software that drives the machine to make slots in aluminum cylinders where blocks of 6-around-1 NbTi wires are placed. This new software have been used to carry out a number of iterations to satisfy various design requirements and to assure that the profile that is used in making field computations is the same that is used in cutting metal. The optimized coil cross-section is based on a two-layer design with both inner and outer layers having five current blocks per quadrant. The ends are based on a design concept that will be used for the first time in accelerator magnets.


Restoration of images degraded by spatially varying blurs is an issue of increasing importance. Many new optical systems allow to know the system point spread function at some random locations, by using microscopic luminescent structures. Given a set of impulse responses, we propose a fast and efficient algorithm to reconstruct the blurring operator in the whole image domain. Our method consists in finding an approximation of the integral operator by operators diagonal in the wavelet domain. Interestingly, this method complexity scales linearly with the image size. It is thus applicable to large 3D problems. We show that this approach might outperform previously proposed strategies such as linear interpolations (Nagy and O'Leary, 1998) or separable approximations (Zhang et al., 2007). We provide various theoretical and numerical results in order to justify the proposed methods. We also show preliminary deblurring results illustrating the relevance of our formalism.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with small airway inflammation and emphysema. Emphysema is permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls. These morphological changes can be studied on quantitative computed tomography (CT).

METHODS
Thirty-four patients diagnosed to have COPD as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines underwent chest CT using full inspiration with low dose radiation protocol. Pulmo-CT software was used to analyse the scans. The primary aim was to quantify emphysema and emphysema clusters and secondary aim was to assess correlation between percentage emphysema and lung function.

RESULTS
Their mean [standard deviation (SD)] age was 66.4 (7.0) years; 11 (32.4%) were current smokers (median pack years 45.5). Their mean (SD) forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1%) was 55.6 (17.6), mean (SD) %emphysema was 26.8 (11.1), mean (SD) lung density was -848.35 (29.5) Hounsfield units (HU), median (interquartile range) %cluster class 4 emphysema was 22.4 (13.5-32.6). There was no significant difference in %low attenuation volume (%LAV) in current and exsmokers (p=0.4); across various severity grades of COPD (p=0.15). Further, no significant correlation was observed between %emphysema and post-bronchodilator FEV1%.

CONCLUSIONS
Volumetric CT can detect and quantify emphysema. Majority of emphysema clusters in COPD are >25mm. The %emphysema does not correlate to the severity of the disease. Quantitative CT is a good objective method to study emphysema and can be used to phenotype COPD radiologically.


This study aim to examine the effect of the board structure, ownership
structure and audit committee on financial distress. The structure of the board is
measured by the proportion of independent commissioners. The ownership
structure are measured by ownership of directors, ownership of commissioners
and outside blockholders. The audit committee is measured by the audit
committee independence. This study uses the size of the company as control
variable is.
The population of this study is manufacture company listed on the
Indonesia Stock Exchange for period of 2008-2010. Based on purposive sampling
method, this sample of this study are 96 companies (18 financial distress and 78
non financial distress). The criteria is used to categorize a financial distress
company in this study is based on deficit equity company (negative equity). Data
analysis using regression logistic by SPPS program.
The results show that the proportion of independent commissioners and
audit committee independence have a significant effect on financial distress.
While ownership of directors, ownership of commissioners and outside
blockholders have no effect on financial distress


The challenges posed by climate change are daunting and have spawned an enormous literature, indeed many literatures. The legal regimes that govern our use of land and energy have already been and will continue to be integral to the effort to devise effective responses. My aim in this introductory essay is to identify and review six aspects of climate change in an effort to capture some of the ferment that now exists as policy makers, scholars, and others wrestle with the challenges that climate change poses for extant legal regimes. I then briefly summarize the articles in this symposium volume.


Abstract A palladium catalyst supported on a tertiary-amino-functionalized resin bearing N,N-dimethylamino substituents on the polystyrene-divinylbenzene-based resin was developed. The catalyst was effectively used for the ligand-free Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of less-reactive chloroarenes with arylboronic acids. No leached palladium species were detected in the reaction media after the reaction.


The mechanics and non-equilibrium (i.e. molecular motor-driven) fluctuation spectrum of living cells remains an open problem. In this talk, we explore the question: What can one infer about the action of endogenous motors in the cytoskeleton by observing the height fluctuations of cell membrane? To address this, we treat the cytoskeleton as a uniform elastic half-space bounded by a membrane with a finite bending modulus and driven out of equilibrium by molecular motors (i.e. myosin). These motors produce transient and stochastic contractile stresses in the elastic bulk. We first calculate the induced undulations of the membrane-bound surface due to the action of a single molecular motor. Then, making assumptions about the spectrum of motor force fluctuations, we calculate the expected nonthermal contribution to the cellular membrane fluctuations due to the action of an ensemble of such motors. We also mention ongoing experimental tests of these ideas.


Based on the explanation of code-switching in linguistics,the paper mainly analyzes how teachers apply code-switching to foreign language teaching and to deal with native language and target language.Therefore,this theory is extremely meaningful in reducing the psychological distance between teachers and students,as well as cultivating the capacity of students' translation and so on.In addition,teachers' appropriation of the use of native language can make students really cultivate students' intercultural awareness when teachers are communicating and teaching in the class.


This paper analyzes the reasons of turbine oil metamorphism and the influences on unit operation, and advances some measures for preventing the turbine oil metamorphism.


Inspired by the recent near-threshold J/ψ photoproduction measurements, we discuss gluon gravitational form factors (GFFs) and internal properties of the proton. This work presents a complete set analysis of the proton gluon GFFs connecting the gluon part of the energy-momentum tensor and the heavy quarkonium pho toproduction. In particular, the gluon GFFs as functions of the squared momentum transfer t are determined by a global fitting of the J/ψ differential and total cross section experimental data. Combined with the quark contributions to the D-term form factor extracted from the deeply virtual Compton scattering experiment, the total D-term are obtained to investigate their applications for the description of the proton mechanical properties. These researches provide a unique perspective for studying the proton gluon GFFs and important information for improving QCD constraints on the gluon GFFs. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd.


Surveys and excavations in 2009–2011 recovered fossil and artefact assemblages from late Pleistocene sediments on Rusinga and Mfangano islands (Lake Victoria, Kenya). Radiometric age estimates suggest that the Rusinga material dates to between 100 and 33 kya, whereas that from Mfangano may date to ≥35 kya. The preservation of a large and diverse suite of vertebrate fossils is unusual for Pleistocene sites in the Lake Victoria region and the composition of the faunal assemblages from both islands strongly suggest an open, arid, grassland setting very different from that found in western Kenya today. Middle Stone Age (MSA) artefacts from Rusinga and possible Later Stone Age (LSA) or MSA/LSA assemblages from Mfangano are distinct from Lupemban MSA sites characteristic of the Lake Victoria region and instead share a number of typological and technological features with late Pleistocene sites from open grassland settings in the East African Rift System. This highlights the complex roles that shifting environments, as well as temporal change, may have played in the development of regional variation among Equatorial African artefact assemblages in the Pleistocene.


Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins mediate various cellular processes such as DNA repair, regulation of transcription, protein-protein interaction, expression of inflammatory genes and programmed cell death. PARP proteins have a key role in DNA repair and recent findings have established the role of PARP inhibitors as potent chemotherapeutic drugs. Among the 18 members, PARP1 and PARP2 have been identified as the main targets for the development of pharmacological inhibitors to enhance the cytotoxic efficacy of established anticancer drugs. Furthermore, certain PARP1 and PARP2 inhibitors are being used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer. In different drug resistant cancer cell types, PARP inhibitors have been identified as compounds that reverse the resistance to topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA alkylating and methylating drugs by enhancing the DNA damage induced by these agents. In BRCA mutant cells, with abnormal homologous recombination (HR) repair mechanism, BER (Base Excision Repair Pathway) is responsible for survival of the cells. PARP enzymes play a major role in BER and PARP inhibitors effectively target BRCA mutant cells sparing normal cells via the concept of synthetic lethality, producing minimal toxicity to PARP inhibitors also have a significant role in treating pancreatic adenocarcinoma and castration-resistant prostate cancer. The aim of the current paper is to provide a review on PARP inhibitors and their application in the treatment of various cancer cells which are resistant to standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Keywords


In 1989, the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) initiated the use of statistically based quality assurance and quality control (QA-QC) specifications for their highway construction projects. To facilitate the transition from the "method" specifications to the QA-QC specifications, ODOT contracted with the school of civil engineering at Oklahoma State University to develop and conduct a series of training courses, or modules, that addressed the various aspects of construction methods, process control, and acceptance sampling and testing procedures. The progress of the ODOT construction quality management program, the changes that took place in the original QA-QC specifications, and the reasons behind these changes are described. An assessment of the training program is presented.


For proper management of a wildlife reserve, it is essential to get estimates of occurrence, abundance, density and biomass of herbivores that in turn determine the density of carnivores. The Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (BRT WLS) is a critical conservation region as it is a living bridge between the Eastern and the Western Ghats of southern India. We made repeated walks of 795.5 km on 33 random line transects covering a total distance of 93 km in the sanctuary. During these walks, we recorded the sightings of herbivores using rangefinder, compass and GPS. We also surveyed the sanctuary driving a jeep during nights to detect typically nocturnal mammals. We analysed the data using DISTANCE software. We recorded 31 species of herbivores and the density of these species differed among habitats that included evergreen, moist deciduous, dry deciduous and scrub forests. Several nocturnal species, including elusive small cats were sighted. We found that leaving out elephants, the herbivore biomass in BRT WLS was 4,127.82 kg/km(2). This places BRT among some of the herbivore-rich wildlife reserves in the country. We recommend that BRT be notified as a Tiger Reserve.


The authors analyze the coupled vibrations between wheels and a rail in the horizontal direction, taking Kalker's linear creepage theorem into account as the rolling contact model. They calculate the steady-state responses of SHlNKANSEN wheels and a 60kg rail at the points of contact, and the integral estimations of the vibration velocity all over the wheels and the rail. As a result, it is found that the rail is strongly influenced by the wheel characteristics in the coupled vibration while the wheels themselves hold their individual ones. The contributions of wheels and rail to the rolling noise are also examined in the horizontal vibrations.


In this paper our purposes are to examine how to study the properties of (ordinary and fuzzy) binary relations by means of the associated matrix or graph, and to point out that it is the primary students' choice of strategy.


If consultants and other senior medical officers spent the time they are supposed to with newly qualified doctors, they would fit the role of If consultants and other senior medical officers spent the time they are supposed to with newly qualified doctors, they would fit the role of mentor admirably. However, in reality it seems they often leave newly qualified doctors to flounder.


This paper discussed about the teaching reform in physical chemistry experiment course,including how to stimulate students interest,broaden students' vision. Also on the basis of the basic experimental skills training,comprehensive experimental ability training as the main line,we added some parts including both the physical and chemical principle and some comprehensive design and research experiments which can fully embody modern experiment technology applying in the industrial and agricultural production. Built a multi- level teaching system,so that we can achieve the goal to train talents with innovative consciousness and innovation ability.


We present a method for automatic synthesis of dexterous hand movements, given only high-level goals specifying what should happen to the object being manipulated. Results are presented on a wide range of tasks including grasping and picking up objects, twirling them between the fingers, tossing and catching, drawing. This work is an extension of the recent contact-invariant optimization (CIO) method, which introduced auxiliary decision variables directly specifying when and where contacts should occur, and optimized these variables together with the movement trajectory. Our contribution here is extending the unique contact model used in CIO which was specific to locomotion tasks, as well as applying the extended method systematically to hand manipulation.


Oxidation of [FeCp*(η1-dtc)(CO)2], 1 (Cp* = η5-C5Me5, dtc = S2CNMe2), or [FeCp*(η2-dtc)(CO)], 2, using [FeIIICp2]+X- (X- = PF6- or BF4-, Cp = η5-C5H5) in THF cleanly gives [FeIIICp*(η2-dtc)(CO)]+X-, 2+X-, as microcrystalline green, thermally stable, but substitution labile, salts. The substitution of CO in 2+PF6- by various solvents (CH2Cl2, THF, CH3COCH3, CH3CN) (visible spectroscopy) follows pseudo-first-order kinetics but shows clearly the influence of the incoming solvent ligand on the substitution rate and, hence, is in good agreement with an associative mechanism. Displacement of the labile solvent ligand in these complexes by a phosphine results in the 17-electron (17e) cations [FeIIICp*(η2-dtc)(L)]+PF6-, L = PPh3 (7+PF6-) or η1-dppe (8+PF6-). The same reaction in the presence of the anionic ligands CN-, SCN-, and Cl- affords the corresponding neutral 17e FeIII complexes (respectively compounds 11, 13, and 14). All these 17e complexes were characterized by IR, ESR, and Mossbauer spectroscopies and ...


Mucinous carcinoma of breast is one of the rarer forms of breast neoplasms which usually presents as a lobulated, well circumscribed mass with very low incidence of lymph node metastasis. It accounts for 1 -7% for all breast carcinomas. It is more common in elderly females with prevalence of 7% and in younger females the prevalence is as low as 1%.The mucinous neoplasms are characterized by the production of abundant extracellular and/or intracellular mucin. The definition requires a mucinous component >50% of the lesion. Mucinous carcinoma may be divided into pure mucinous and mixed mucinous entities. Herewith we present a case of breast carcinoma in a 65 year old female with mucinous carcinoma with neuroendocrine features.


Farm machinery energy accounting has taken basically three approaches. The first approach is concerned with the energy embodied in farm machinery on a national basis. Two studies have attempted to show the aggregate amount of energy embodied in the manufacture of farm machinery. Using input-output analysis, Bullard et al. provide estimates of the energy costs of goods and services for 1967. Measured in BTUs per dollar of final product, the energy cost of farm machinery at 1967 price levels is given as: coal, 34,478 BTUs; natural gas, 24,794 BTUs; refined oil, 12,541 BTUs; and electricity, 5,396 BTUs.


[1273-09-2] C22H20Ti (MW 332.28)

InChI = 1S/2C6H5.2C5H5.Ti/c2*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;2*1-2-4-5-3-1;/h2*1-5H;2*1-5H;

InChIKey = RUDMETXSMVJPSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(reagent for the preparation of aryl derivatives via thermolysis and trapping with electrophiles;2 catalyst for the hydrogenation of alkenes,3 the polymerization of alkenes,4, 5 the polymerization of silanes,6 the hydrosilylation of ketones,7 the silylation of alcohols8 and aldol condensation9)

Alternate Name: diphenyltitanocene.

Physical Data: mp 146–148 °C dec.

Solubility: sol most aprotic organic solvents, e.g. Et2O, THF, CH2Cl2, toluene, hexanes.

Form Supplied in: orange–yellow crystals; not available commercially.

Preparative Method: 10, 11 a solution of Phenyllithium (2 equiv) in Et2O is added dropwise to a suspension of Dichlorobis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium in Et2O (3–5 mL mmol−1) stirred at rt under N2. After 1 h, the reaction mixture is cooled to −30 °C and quenched with methanol. Evaporation of the solvents upon warming to rt, addition of Et2O, filtration, evaporation, and recrystallization from CH2Cl2/pentane gives 95% of orange–yellow crystals of Cp2TiPh2.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: sensitive to oxygen and light but can be briefly exposed to air and water; not stable for more than a few days at rt, and decomposes more rapidly in solution; can be stored in the dark in a refrigerator.


The "hard problem of consciousness", made prominent by David Chalmers over the last fifteen years (cf. Chalmers 1995, 1996, 2002) essentially concerns the idea of fundamental mental properties and the concept of naturalistic dualism. The present paper aims to discuss two important implications of this notion of the hard problem. The first regards the principle difficulty of limiting the scope of fundamental properties. The second regards the combination problem. I will argue firstly that naturalistic dualism entails panpsychism, by demonstrating that the fundamentality of mental properties entails their ubiquity. Secondly, I will show that the core dualistic assumptions presupposed in the formulation of the hard problem within the standard materialist framework might be the origin of the combination problem.2 In the last section I will discuss two alternative positions – substance dualism and metaphysical idealism – with the primary aim of showing that a reformulation of panpsychism in one of these frameworks may have the advantage of sidestepping the combination problem.


Electron density profiles in the Martian ionosphere observed by the radio occultation experiment on board Mars Global Surveyor have been analyzed to determine if the densities are influenced by the solar wind. Evidence is presented that the altitude of the maximum ionospheric electron density shows a positive correlation to the energetic proton flux in the solar wind. The solar wind modulation of the Martian ionosphere can be attributed to heating of the neutral atmosphere by the solar wind energetic proton precipitation. The modulation is observed to be most prominent at high solar zenith angles. It is argued that this is consistent with the proposed modulation mechanism.


1. British Nuclear Weapons Policy 2. Legality of British Nuclear Weapons 3. The Nuclear Battlefield 4. My First Trip to Ground Zero 5. Why I Rejected Nuclear Weapons 6. Resisting the British Bomb: The early years 7. The 1980s 8. Recent Times 9. British Nuclear Tests and the Indigenous people of Australia 10. Cleaning-Up Maralinga 11. Long-term Health Effects in UK Test Veterans 12. Health Effects at Home 13. Nuclear Terrorism: Today's nuclear threat 14. An End to British Nuclear Weapons?


As a presidential candidate in 2008, Barack Obama criticized the George W. Bush administration for expanding presidential power beyond legal limits. Obama promised to reestablish the rule of law as "a president who has taught the Constitution, and believes in the Constitution, and will obey the Constitution of the United States of America" (Koh 2009, 18). After winning election, President Obama rapped a number of "legal idealists" as executive branch lawyers, people who seemed similarly committed to rejecting the Bush administration's approach (Kassop forthcoming). Among these lawyers were Harold Koh, David Barron, and Martin Lederman. In 2009, Koh went on leave from his position as Dean of Yale Law School to become Legal Adviser to the State Department. He had established a reputation as "the leading and most vocal academic critic of presidential unilateralism in war, and a tireless advocate for institutional cooperation between the political branches in war decisions" (Goldsmith 2011b). Barron and Lederman were professors at Harvard Law and Georgetown Law, respectively, before they joined the Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) in 2009. Glenn Greenwald, a critic of presidential power under both the Bush and Obama administrations, described them at the time of their appointments as "[t]wo of the most vehement critics of Bush's executive power abuses" (2009). Greenwald wrote that "[i]t is virtually impossible to imagine [Barron and Lederman, as well as Dawn Johnsen, who was expected to head up OLC] placing political allegiance to Barack Obama over the principles they have so forcefully advocated over the last several years" (2009). While Bush had been able to count on lawyers who would "decree[] that anything the President wished to do was legal[,]" Barron and Lederman were "highly likely to impose real limits when the law or the Constitution dictates" (Greenwald 2009). As it turned out, Koh, Barron, and Lederman, in their roles as executive branch lawyers, endorsed broad conceptions of presidential power. This article seeks to explain the apparent contradiction: how did legal scholars who emphasized limits on presidential power through checks and balances become executive branch lawyers who, like their predecessors in the Bush administration, seemed to find ways to tell the president that whatever he wanted to do was legal? Can their changing views be explained and justified by their changed roles? I conclude that their views may be explained by their new roles, but they cannot be justified. In other words, as executive branch lawyers, these men may very well have concluded that it was necessary to de-emphasize concerns about unchecked presidential power. However, this is only an explanation of, not a justification for, their actions. There is nothing about the role of an executive branch lawyer that would require this changed approach. In fact, as Koh himself had written as an academic, the primary obligation of a government lawyer is "to uphold and protect the Constitution and laws of the United States of America" (2005, 1166). I conclude that, as executive branch lawyers, Koh, Barron, and Lederman should have followed the same fundamental approach to presidential power they had previously described as legal scholars. Of course, some differences could theoretically be justified: for instance, executive branch lawyers might reasonably defer to decisions made by their predecessors as precedent (Dellinger 2004, 3; Morrison 2011). Executive branch lawyers might, because they "view the law through a particular lens" reach conclusions that "legitimately differ on some issues from that of a differently situated actor [i.e. a legal scholar]" (Morrison 2010, 1456). However, neither of these possible justifications applies here. As executive branch lawyers, Koh, Barron, and Lederman reached conclusions that were not required by State Department or OLC precedent and cannot be explained as simply a legitimate difference of opinion. …


In this paper the Ginzburg-Landau equation is considered in locally periodic porous medium, with rapidly oscillating terms in the equation and boundary conditions. It is proved that the trajectory attractors of this equation converge in a weak sense to the trajectory attractors of the limit Ginzburg-Landau equation with an additional potential term. For this aim we use an approach from the papers and monographs of V.V. Chepyzhov and M.I. Vishik concerning trajectory attractors of evolution equations. Also we apply homogenization methods appeared at the end of the XX-th century. First, we apply the asymptotic methods for formal construction of asymptotics, then, we verify the leading terms of asymptotic series by means of the methods of functional analysis and integral estimates. Defining the appropriate axillary functional spaces with weak topology, we derive the limit (homogenized) equation and prove the existence of trajectory attractors for this equation. Then we formulate the main theorem and prove it with the help of axillary lemmas.


Modernization construction makes the traditional life styles changed at all.One of the symbols are people's satisfaction in material and the increasing in leisure time.Recreation is enjoying freedom,and freedom is people's essential characteristic,and people's pursuing ultimately.The modern society is a kind of progress to the traditional society.People will have much more leisure time with the development of the society.The history of the mankind is the history of pursuing freedom.


Under natural conditions T. howardi (Olliff), a pupal parasitoid of Diatraea saccharalis (Fab.) in Cuba, prefers pupae of D. saccharalis vs. pupae of Lixophaga diatraeae (Towns.); both parasitoids occupies microhabitats very distant, without competence by food. Confined T. howardi completes his biological cycle only in L. diatraeae pupae with age no more than 36 hours.


The effect of lowering the HLB value of emulsifiers (Monoglyceride HLB 3.8, Lecithin HLB 3.5, Span 60 HLB 4.7) on the quality of soft-serve ice cream was studied by testing the following physical properties: the viscosity and emulsification-stabilization of the plasma, the rigidity, the overrun and the resistant-melted of soft-serve ice cream as well as observing its micro morphological tissue using a microscope with magnification 40. The effect mechanism of emulsifiers on quality was also illustrated in order to explain the results. The results showed that monoglyceride have a better effect on overrun, rigidity and resistant-melted in contrast with the other two kinds of emulsifiers. Span60 gave bad results, except for the overrun and the rigidity, and the emulsification-stabilization did not change while increasing the concentration. The effect of Lecithin on the quality of soft-serve ice cream was intermediate in contrast with the two other emulsifiers, and the emulsification-stabilization increased along with the dosage.


An analysis of the preferred conformations and modes of self-association of the N-fluoren-9-methoxycarbonyl derivatives of L-alanine and α-aminoisobutyric acid was performed in solution and in the solid state using infrared absorption, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray diffraction. In a solvent of low polarity (deuterochloroform) non-associated and self-associated species (involving predominantly the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of the carboxylic acid moiety) simultaneously occur. At high dilution, where self-association is absent, the amount of intramolecularly H-bonded forms, if any, should be extremely small. Z(trans) E(cis) isomerism about the amide bond of the secondary urethane moiety was observed only for the less bulky L-alanine derivative. In the solid state all H-bonding donors and acceptors of the L-alanine and α-aminoisobutyric acid derivatives take part to complex schemes of intermolecular H-bonds. In the L-alanine derivative, crystallized as monohydrate, most of the intermolecular H-b...


Hot weather driveability test procedures on a chassis dynamometer correlated with field tests were established, and the effect of gasoline volatility on driveability performance was examined using 11 Japanese cars. It was found that the 50% evaporated temperature had a larger effect on hot weather driveability than the Reid vapor pressure. Also, hot idle compensators and fuel return systems were very effective for reducing malfunctions. As to conditions which should be controlled in chassis dynamometer tests, wind velocity were important as the same as ambient temperature; however, sun loading was not.


In this paper, we discuss techniques for performance evaluation of optical transmission system and module, including short reach IM/DD and coherent transmission systems.


Eleven elementary physical education teachers provided information about their perceptions of 251 students' temperament characteristics and estimates of four student aptitudes: motor ability, social interaction skills, motivation, and to what level of their potential students generally worked. Estimates of the frequency that teachers would attend to each child in typical instructional situations were also gathered. Factor analysis of the temperament measures revealed three independent factors: physical sensitivity, adaptability, and reactivity/task orientation. Teachers' decisions to attend to children were regressed on temperament factors and student aptitude measures. The findings indicated that motor ability was the most important variable teachers reported they would use in making decisions about allocating their attention during instruction. The temperament factor reactivity/task orientation was the next most important factor. The analyses suggested that teachers would consider adaptability of studen...