The study characterizes the basic distributions of damages in elements included in the mechatronic devices: exponential, Weibull, normal, log-normal distributions. It considers some special cases, when suitability times of elements for the mechatronic system have the above four distributions, and the mechatronic device's system is created by three elements of a serial structure and various types of time distributions for elements' suitability. The order of elements is not important. The final section of this work presents a case, when four elements work in the serial structure. Suitability times of these elements have different types of distributions.


CaMoO4:Eu3+, Li+ red phosphors have been successfully achieved by a microwave-assisted solid-state reaction, and their morphologies and luminescence properties have been studied in this paper. The as-prepared Ca0.9MoO4:0.05Eu3+, 0.05Li+ powders occur as uniform spherical particles with a size distribution of 1–2 μm via the optimized reaction temperature at 600 °C and reaction time of 1 h. The phosphors showed an intense red emission with maxima at 615 nm, which was ascribed to the Eu3+ electric dipole transition of 5D0 → 7F2. The comparison on the morphology and luminescence property between the as-prepared samples and the samples obtained by the conventional method was discussed in detail. A possible microwave-assisted solid-state reaction mechanism was proposed, and the effect of the microwave sintering temperature and time was also discussed.


NoSQL databases are gaining popularity in recent times for their ability to manage high volumes of unstructured data efficiently. This necessitates such databases to have strict data security mechanisms. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) has been widely appreciated for its high flexibility and dynamic nature. We present an approach for integrating ABAC into NoSQL databases, specifically MongoDB, that typically only support Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). We also discuss an implementation and performance results for ABAC in MongoDB, while emphasizing that it can be extended to other NoSQL databases as well.


Summary
This article contrasts the way that archaeologists discuss the practice and experience of archaeology with each other to the way archaeology is represented to nonspecialist public audiences. I argue that the former is characterized by "montage," while the latter is typified by a radically opposed linear narrativity, suggesting that montage may offer a way of ameliorating many of the problems linked to popular (mis)conceptions of archaeology.


The application situation of denitrification technology at home and abroad was introduced,and the focus was on the application of denitrification technology in power station boiler and oil refining petrochemical industry heating furnaces. The existing problems in the domestic application of denitrification technology were analyzed. A possible direction of China's oil refining and petrochemical furnace energy conservation and emission reduction technologies was presented.


Based on the application of hydrodynamics, a new method of designing the swirl generator attached to a new bidirectional flowmeter is put forward. The 3-dimensions simulation in CFD is carried out to study the fluid motion for various amount of vanes attached to the swirl generator and various intake velocities. The results of simulation testify that the tangential velocity is linear proportional to radius according to the new design method for the swirl generator which can be used in a new bidirectional flowmeter. The simulation results also show the reverse flow exist s in lower intake velocity whereas increasing the amount of vanes attaching to the swirl generator will lessen the reverse flow. The method of simulation in 3-Dimensions model in this paper will be an example in fluid analysis. The 3-D fluid simulation for annular cylinder will do good to study the similar field. The results will be applied in designing the swirl generator and measuring the cubage flux by the new flowmeter. KeywordsSwirl generator, Flowmeter, Simulation analysis, 3-Dimensions fluid


Objective To investigate the expression of S-phase kinase associated proteint 2 Skp2 and its significance in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma.Methods The immunohistochemiscal staining was used to examine the expression level of Skp2 in samples of 12 cases of normal cervix,30 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,and 30 cases of cervcal squamous cell carcinoma.Results The Skp2 expression rate in normal cervix,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervcal squamous cell carcinoma was 0%,76.6%,83.3%,respectivly.The rate of 76.6% and 83.3% was significantly higher than that of 0% in normal cervix(P0.01).But there was no significantly differecne in the expression of Skp2 between cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervcal carcinoma.Conclusion The increasing Skp2 expression involves in the development and progression from normal cervix to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,and may be correlated to the onset and progress of cervical carcinoma.


The paper presents data from studies of the influence of growth regulators on the infection of winter wheat plants. To reduce the level of infection with parasitic diseases and the negative impact of environmental factors, we recommend spraying winter wheat crops with CuproTGK GK-Cu, GK-Zn, DAG-1, DAG-2 preparations. However, the positive effect of the investigated drugs is limited by fungistatic activity. The preparations can be used for prophylactic purposes to reduce the level of infection of winter rye with fungal parasites.


Abstract The purpose of research - studying the possibilities of practical application of the encryption algorithm based on nonpositional polynomial notations using nested Feistel network. In this paper, a mathematical model of non-conventional encryption algorithm with recursive Feistel network and the encryption mode is described.


For a long time, people have kept looking still pictures and movies as plane images. And they take it for granted up until now. But demand for watching every kind of objects as 3D image through monitor is increasing.We have researched on 3D image technology for more than a decade, and this time we developed two kinds of 3D displays. One is the stereo type display using Image-Splitter method and the other is the multi view type. The advantage of them is that we don't have to wear special glasses to see 3D images.We introduce these 3D displays below, which is expected to be a future 3D-TV set because of their simple structures.


Regional structural analysis of Dongwuqi county and local structural analysis of Dasaituo Pb-Zn camp show that NEE structures are the main ore-controlling structure.


We study the spatial modulation instability (MI) in a system of coupled surface plasmon polaritons propagating at a dielectric–metal–dielectric interface. One of the dielectric media considered is nonlinear and active, which provides enough gain to compensate for the losses in the metal. It is found that the system is unstable for both focusing or defocusing nonlinearity, with more instability in the focusing case. It is noted that nonlinearity is one of the key parameters for instability, with the real part controlling the maximum MI gain and the imaginary part controlling the MI gain saturation. Gain provided by the active medium is also an important parameter for the development of MI in the system. The generated sidebands are amplified as they propagate along the interfaces. We have noted that the defocusing case requires a large gain threshold to exhibit modulation instability for a symmetric solution.


Magetan Regency has been well known by the people of archipelago as the region of fine raw leather materials artisan ranging from the process of raw materials into the finished products, as well as various types of processed equate leather vastly produced in this area. The goal of this research is to describe the formation stage and element of destination branding of shopping tourism formation in hide industry center in Magetan regency. The theory utilized in this study is the model of message production and goals-plans-action model from Dillard. This qualitative research is the main data collection through interview. The outcomes of this study reveal the establishment stage of hide industry center as the destination branding of Magetan Regency, beginning with determining the market segmentation, then further into the identity build and the last is to implement the existence of hide industry center as destination branding. The establishment elements of hide industry center as a destination branding Magetan regency is on products owned by the hide industry center. The characteristics and advantages of products owned by the leather industry centers create the brand identity and brand essence as well as brand culture element in Magetan's destination branding.


Since the last quarter of the last century, and due to the spectacular increment of the connection of electronic loads to the electric system, it has been extraordinarily increased the existence of non-sinusoidal currents with high content of harmonics. This fact, in comparison to our environment, is named "electric pollution". The presence of these electronic loads is given in all power levels, from hundreds of VA until some MVA and, although the problem is increased with the installed power, it is not negligible the effect achieved by the accumulation of many loads of small power. Due to this fact specific power quality standards have been imposed. The conventional filter techniques, based on passive filters installation tuned at the supposed harmonics in the plant, became inadequate due to the variability in the value and content of the same ones throughout the time. The present PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of the current techniques for the elimination of those harmonics, and also the conventional reactive energy, by means of Active Power Filters based on the use of static power converters and specific control algorithms. After exposing the mains theories on the instantaneous power in the electric systems, and their application to the compensation techniques of harmonic and reactive energy by means of Active Power Filters, improvements are contributed in the application of those theories consistent in the simplification of the same ones based on the exclusive consideration of the active instantaneous power, as a really physical concept and easily measurable. In particular it is considered of special interest, for their simplicity and excellent results, the so called Simplified General Theory of the Instantaneous Power. This theory is applicable to one-phase as well as three-phase systems with or without neutral conductor. Analogical and digital prototypes of control have been built, based on the exposed theories, with experimental results that confirm the validity of the same ones. An industrial prototype of a Active Power Filter of 40kVA of compensation power has also been built, whose control is based in Simplified General Theory of the Instantaneous Power, and experimental results in laboratory demonstrate the excellent behaviour even with electronics loads whose Total Harmonic Distortion of current (THDi) exceeds 70%. This THDi is reduced below values of 5%.


The increase in the concentration of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sn, Al, Cd and Ni over a 2 year's time of strongly corrosive acidic vegetables (pickles) and weakly corrosive vegetables (peas, green beans, haricot beans, mushrooms) has been determined. The results show a considerable increase in Fe, Cu, Pb and Sn content with time, particularly for pickles, while the change in Al, Cd, Zn and Ni content was rather negligible.


FIELD: power industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves combined separation of all actinoid (III), (IV), (V) and (VI) components present in strongly acidic water phase from fission products, namely lanthanides also present in that phase, by means of solvating extractant in salting-out medium. EFFECT: invention allows catching all other actinoids from solution for decomposition of irradiated nuclear fuel pre-cleaned from uranium contained in it using the combined method which is selective in relation to fission products. 29 cl, 2 dwg


Active learning plays an important role for invigorating students in learning. Different active learning strategies have been discussed and implemented in many disciplines. In this paper, we propose using wrong examples as a tool on teaching computer engineering courses. Traditionally, an instructor only passes correct knowledge to students and students are busy with notetaking inside classroom which bounds them in the passive learning mode. Active learning occurs when students have chances to compare the correct solutions with the wrong ones. Looking at course materials from different perspectives allow students to clear the invisible learning barriers, and help them create better knowledge map for brain storage and retrieval. This paper addresses the need for organizing active learning inside class, presents two sources of creating wrong examples, and describes multiple approaches on planning and conducting effective class discussion by using wrong examples.


The legislative and professional forces that have had an impact on shared learning are reviewed. Table 1 highlights the period and dichotomy between the proposal for creating a shared learning ethos and its implementation. Over a period of almost four decades different pieces of legislation have encouraged the development of cooperative care delivery practice. Thus, politically, the vision and maybe the resources have always been implicitly available. Against these assumptions it is suggested that the reason why shared learning has not yet been fully implemented is the psychological phenomenon of professional ethnocentrism. The conclusion is that overcoming professional ethnocentrism will create an environment conducive to shared learning.


Recently,the problems such as occupation planning fuzzy,lack of fighting spirit and preparation for employment were ubiquitous.In order to strengthen the occupation guidance for college students,help them establish a clear occupation target,the career planning and quality training of students in Agricultural University of Hebei were investigated,the data were analyzed by Logistic model,and come to the conclusions that accepting vocational guidance will affect the self-assessment status,and at the same time,there was considerable demand and rely on the level of personal self-assessment quality of vocational guidance courses opened.


Indonesia as a State of Law, has some rules about marriage that is Law Number 1 Year 1974. Marriage is legitimate if it is  according to the laws  of their  each  religion  and  belief. Furthermore, there is also an obligation to register their marriage. Pasti is the name of a banjar that located in Pandak Gede Village, Kediri District, Tabanan Regency, Province of Bali. To prove that the marriage existed, Pasti's citizens must have a Marriage Act. This  research  aims to  determine the level  of community legal  awareness in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership, and to know and examine the factors that affect it. This research uses empirical juridical approach method, that is using the existing factual approach by way of observation and research in the field, then studied and reviewed based on relevant legislation as a reference to solve the problem. Based on the research, it is found that the level of community legal awareness in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership based on Law Number 1 Year 1974 regarding Marriage is relatively high. This can be proved by the following indicators : (a). The high level of community law knowledge in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. (b). The high level of community law  understanding in Banjar Pasti  on marriage certificate ownership.  (c). The  high level of community legal attitude in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. (d). The high level of community legal behavior patterns in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. The Factors influencing the  community legal  awareness in Banjar Pasti  on marriage  certificate ownership under Law Number 1 Year 1974 regarding Marriage, that is : Level of education, Age and Sex.


To apply the type of practical "Wisdom" postulated by Ikujiro Nonaka in his recent Kindai Management Review journal paper presents us with a severe innovation challenge in today's emerging techno-market world – one to which the concept of "wickedness" may well apply. After identifying dimensions of today's complex and highly uncertain global innovation world, our paper then offers the seemingly mundane and generally under-considered field of product and process Standards as a valuable practice opportunity to expand on Nonaka's wisdom concept as well as the wise leadership/wise capitalism concepts of Hirotaka Takeuchi. In collaboration with NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) and our GATIC partner (Global Advanced Technology Innovation Consortium), we are seeking to increase attention and capability in business and engineering schools on Standards through pursuing studies, industry-academic workshops and evolving a serendipitous learning and proactive website. In conclusion we draw on the early Nonaka Ba concept, noting its value for the development, adoption and productive utilization of Standards for wicked contexts. Global partners for our endeavors are solicited.


. Abstract In this study, we designed and fabricated a choke antenna as a feeder for a deployable reflector antenna for small satellite spaceborne synthetic aperture radar(SAR). The deep reflector antenna was selected considering the storage efficiency of the deployable antenna, and the number and positions of choke rings were optimized to provide the designed feed antenna with a wide beam width and a proper edge taper of the aperture. The performance of the reflector antenna was analyzed when the designed choke antenna was employed as the feeder. By analyzing the performance of the spaceborne SAR system employing the designed antenna, it was confirmed that the designed choke antenna is suitable for the feeder of the deployable


The article is devoted to changes in various spheres of society life, caused by financial crisis. Statistical and prognostic facts issued by the International Labor Organization, Eurostat and Organization for economic co-operation and development are mentioned in the article. Measures of regulation in social security sphere which are undertaken in various countries and measures which may be undertaken in future in European countries and in developing countries as well, due to existing economic situation, are given in the article by the author.


Summary Background: Smoking in asthma occurs frequently and is associated with increased symptom severity, an impaired response to corticosteroids, and accelerated lung function decline. Airway pathology in smoking asthmatics is characterized by neutrophilia and epithelial changes such as goblet cell hyperplasia and increased proliferation. Bronchial CD8 þ T cells are implicated in lung function decline in asthma and COPD. We hypothesized that smoking modifies airway inflammation in asthma by increasing the number of CD8 þ T cells at an early stage. Objectives & methods: To study effects of smoking on airway pathology in bronchial biopsies from atopic patients with controlled intermittent or mild persistent asthma (12 smokers, 9.7 py and 11 never-smokers, 0.0 py; 20 e 50 yrs; FEV 1 > 70% predicted; PC 20 MCh < 8 mg/mL, no ICS) using immunohistochemistry. Results: Smoking asthmatics showed higher numbers of bronchial CD8 þ T cells (55.8 vs 23.9 cells/0.1 mm 2 ; p Z 0.001) and CD68 þ macrophages (7.5 vs 4.6 cells/0.1 mm 2 , p Z 0.012), and a lower CD4


Objective To evaluate the effect of total mesorectal excision(TME) with autonomic nerve preservation(PANP) for rectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 160 rectal cancer patients admitted from January 1999 to December 2005 were reviewed.All patients were randomized into group A(n=86) underwent TME with PANP and group B(n=74) underwent TME without PANP.Sexual function,local recurrence rate and survival rate were compared between the two groups.Results The micturition dysfunction rate was 12.8% and 59.5%,and the sexual dysfunction rate was 66.3% and 93.2% in group A and B,respectively,and there were significant difference between two groups(P0.01).The local recurrence rate,5-year survival rate and anastomotic fistula rate of group A and group B were 8.1% VS 6.8%,61.6% VS 59.5% and 8.1% VS 8.1% respectively,there was no remarkable difference between two groups(P0.05).Conclusions TME with PANP can ensure the radical cure for rectal cancer,and improve life quality by reducing sexual and micturition dysfunction,without increasing local recurrence rate.


reported on early EEG correlates ofneuronal injury after brain anoxia. They studied 61cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypo-thermia (TH) with continuous (24–48 hours) or20–30 minutes EEG. We reviewed our hypothermiadatabase from 2006 to 2012 and found 91 patientswho received TH for cardiac arrest. Nine patientsreceived EEG similar to the methods Rossetti et al.


Abstract This paper studies the scattering of a TE plane wave from a periodic random surface generated by a stochastic binary sequence using a stochastic functional method. The scattered wave is first expressed as a product of an exponential phase factor and a periodic stationary process. The periodic stationary process is then expressed by a harmonic series representation, that is a 'Fourier series' with 'Fourier coefficients' given by mutually correlated stationary processes. These stationary processes are regarded as stochastic functionals of the binary sequence and they are represented by orthogonal binary functional expansions with band-limited binary kernels. The binary kernels are determined up to the second order from the boundary condition. Then, several statistical properties of the scattering are calculated numerically and illustrated in figures. It is found that, in the binary case, the second-order scattering cross section has a subtractive term and becomes much smaller than the first-order one.


Most of the recent research activities in structural control have been focused on developing more robust and rigorous control algorithms to account for more realistic dynamic environment. Although a number of active, hybrid and semi-active control systems have been implemented to control the vibration of buildings, and many experimental studies have been conducted, the necessary knowledge needed for implementation is still not sufficient to prepare general guidelines for structural control system design and installation. Furthermore, the whole implementation process which requires integration of research results from diverse interdisciplinary areas has not been well addressed. The purpose of this paper is to introduce necessary knowledge needed to successfully implement general control system to a structure for safeguarding it against environmental forces such as wind or earthquakes. The major requirements of the analog/digital control hardware are first addressed. A custom-designed signal interface unit equipped with conditioning, filtering, monitoring, fail-safe limit detection, signal communication, and remote activation subsystems is then required to deal with the integrated system through the help of a digital computer. The implicit software issues between theoretical development and actual implementation, such as overall system configuration, sampling rates setup, analog-I/O interface, hardware offsets removal, noise rejection, signal error modification, engineering units scaling, control algorithm implementation, system status monitoring, automatic operations of power and force generators, multi-protection fail-safe measures, false-alarm control command rejection, and real-time signal manipulation, should be included in a modular design of any control software for real implementational design. The important hardware and software safety and compatibility features have to be identified, verified and adjusted in order to eliminate many of the common problems that may occur in practical implementation of a complex control system. The idea of using a real-time structural simulator (RTSS) to perform integrated system testing as well as control performance verification is also introduced. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Many practical problems need the output of a machine learning model to satisfy a set of constraints, $K$. Nevertheless, there is no known guarantee that classical neural network architectures can exactly encode constraints while simultaneously achieving universality. We provide a quantitative constrained universal approximation theorem which guarantees that for any non-convex compact set $K$ and any continuous function $f:\mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow K$, there is a probabilistic transformer $\hat{F}$ whose randomized outputs all lie in $K$ and whose expected output uniformly approximates $f$. Our second main result is a"deep neural version"of Berge's Maximum Theorem (1963). The result guarantees that given an objective function $L$, a constraint set $K$, and a family of soft constraint sets, there is a probabilistic transformer $\hat{F}$ that approximately minimizes $L$ and whose outputs belong to $K$; moreover, $\hat{F}$ approximately satisfies the soft constraints. Our results imply the first universal approximation theorem for classical transformers with exact convex constraint satisfaction. They also yield that a chart-free universal approximation theorem for Riemannian manifold-valued functions subject to suitable geodesically convex constraints.


The problem of multiculturalism and social communication at the meeting point of culture unnoticed for many years in Poland, in recent years, is becoming more and more pronounced, and forecasts indicate that the number of foreigners will grow rapidly. The authors of the article focus on dilemmas related to the attitudes and behaviors of representatives of other nations related to the observance of the law, expectations of public and local admin-istration, perception of office representatives and distance to the authorities they represent, relations with part-ners in the interests. Knowledge about cultural diversity along with foreign language skills is becoming a key factor in the success of effective social communication with foreigners.


The increasing number of Internet of things (IoT) objects has been a growing challenge of the current spectrum supply. To handle this issue, the IoT devices should have cognitive capabilities to detect and access the unoccupied portion of the wideband spectrum. However, most IoT devices are difficult to perform wideband spectrum sensing using either conventional Nyquist sampling system or sub-Nyquist sampling system since both the power-hungry sampling components and specialized sub-Nyquist sampling hardware are unrealistic in the power-constrained IoT paradigm. In this paper, we propose a blind sub-Nyquist sensing scheme by utilizing the surround IoT devices to jointly sample the spectrum based on the multi-coset sampling theory. Thus, only the off-the-shelf low- rate analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) on the IoT devices are required to form coset samplers and only the minimum number of coset samplers are adopted without the prior knowledge of the number of occupied channels. The experimental results on both the simulated and real-time signals verify the theoretical results and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. At the meanwhile, it is shown that the adaptive number of coset samplers could be adopted without causing the degradation of the detection performance.


Objective: To investigate the role and the clinical significance of anti zona pellucida antibody (AzpAb) and cytokines (TNF α,IFN γ and IF 2) in the sera from patients with premature ovarian failure (POF). Methods: The AzpAb in the sera from patients with POF was analysed by means of ELISA. The levels of TNF α,IL 2 and ILN γ in the sera from POF patients were tested by means of radioimmunoassay. Results: The level of AzpAb in the sera from patients with POF was significantly higher than normal control ( P0.001 ). The levels of TNF α and IL 2 in the sera from patients with POF were significantly lower than the normal control ( P0.001 ), andthe level of IFN γ in the sera of patients with POF was significantly higher than normalcontrol ( P0.001 ). The levels of the cytokines (TNF α,IFN γ and IL 2) in the sera from POF patients with positive AzpAb were significantly higher than those of the POF paitents with negative AzpAb. Conclusion: This study suggested that the AzpAb, TNF α,IFN γ and IL 2 might play important roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune POF.


Abstract : A review of the literature relating to intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) reveals that the bulk of research to date is focused on the student, and on methods for representing the knowledge itself. From student models to learning schemas to presentation methods, comparatively little attention has been paid to the problem of educators attempting to build viable lesson plans for use in an ITS environment--yet when this problem is addressed in the literature, it is recognized as a potentially daunting one. This thesis addresses the problem of ITS lesson plan development by proposing a practical, computable approach for knowledge engineering that is based on proven classroom methods. The document then details a system for dynamically creating lesson plans from a knowledge base created under the described methodology, using already-established algorithms of proven tractability, and then discusses how this system can be integrated into existing and future ITS design.


By applying the semiological analysis, this paper considers planned and unplanned readings of a provocative domestic commercial, which, in order to convey its message, transposed the Little Red Riding Hood's character in accordance with the advertised product – Durex condoms. This commercial caused furious reactions of parents who took legal action for breaching the Law on public advertising and, especially, "harming children's sensibility and integrity". Provocative billboards also caused numerous comments in the daily newspapers, in the Internet chat rooms, with some considering the commercial vulgar and offensive and others having no problem with it, adding that the ones who took offence belonged to those puritan and conservative layers of the society. In order to discover the reasons to this kind of reactions, I started with researching how the commercial was made and what kind of message it offered. Next, I reconsidered the meaning of the very fairy tale "The Red Riding Hood". Its original version, which contains open sexual allusions, is quite different to the changed versions offered by Charles Perrault and the Grimm brothers. Their versions can be seen as fakelore, since they outrageously intervened on the plot and the meaning of the original fairy tale. However, since the Grimm brothers' version is the most popular, it is a fact that our public reacted with such anger led by the meaning of their version, which accentuates overeating and cannibalism, and not sexual development of girls, which is the basic message of the original version. This is where the "communicational noise" that led to those negative reactions came from. By discovering the true meaning of the tale, the answer is given to the question whether the advertising agency made a slip up, or it had actually found the right way to communicate the hidden message of the tale, and at the same time ruin the advertising campaign for which it was used. In the end, range and possibilities of the social semiological analysis of commercials are considered.


Although there is a big heap of treatment options available for the wound and burns dressings, improvements in technology are still required. Bacterial cellulose is a polymer derived from the microbiological world and has shown some promising properties that recommend it as a wound healing therapeutic. Moreover, bacterial cellulose can be nanosized to form Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC), enhancing its properties. Most importantly, in addition to its inherent antibacterial properties, BNC can be used to deliver drugs. This article presents a birds-eye view of the preparation method and applications of BNC based wound dressings.


Geochemical and mineral magnetic studies of lake sediments from the Karsa valley in north Sweden demonstrate that down-core variations in magnetic properties have been determined by post-depositional magnetite dissolution rather than by sediment source changes. A low sediment accumulation rate during times of climatic amelioration combined with a higher organic carbon content produced intense reducing conditions with almost complete magnetite loss. An increase in the sedimentation rate and a reduction in the organic carbon content, primarily due to glacier reformation, allowed magnetite preservation. Thus the mineral magnetic profiles record lake sediment palaeoredox conditions brought about by climate change. This new interpretation of mineral magnetic transformations in freshwater sediments may have far reaching implications for other mineral magnetic studies concerned with the alternation between glacial (stadial) and interglacial (interstadial) episodes during the Quaternary period.


The development and application of IoT has achieved remarkable results in recent years. A large number of sensors are connected to the machines and are combined with the Internet, which achieves intelligent management and operation. At the same time, the security and privacy problem in the IoT environment is still the one of the threats to the IoT technology. Because of the topology of the IoT as well as the constraint of resources, the traditional security technologies are not entirely applicable to the IoT.As the basic technology of bitcoin, blockchain technology has the haracteristics of decentralization,detrust, data encryption and so on. It is suitable for building a distributed system. This paper expounds the advantages of the blockchain technology in the network security, Put forward several directions for the application of blockchain to the security of IoT, which aims to help the research of blockchain technology in the security field of IoT.


Abstract Comparators are very important and essential circuits in the implementation of analog to digital converter (ADC) architectures. In this work, three different types of CMOS comparator architectures namely single tail type, double tail dynamic latch type and fully differential dynamic type have been designed, simulated and various specifications have been compared and analyzed. From the obtained results, the double tail dynamic latch type comparator offers better performance in terms of delay, power dissipation and offset voltage measurement. The three architectures are designed and simulated in CMOS 90nm technology using spectre of cadence EDA tool. The main specifications considered are power dissipation, gain, propagation delay, offset voltage and slew rate. The double tail dynamic latch type comparator operated at a power supply voltage of 1.2V, exhibits an offset voltage of 7.34mV, dissipates power of 136µW with a delay of 526ps.


The lingulid brachiopod species Bicarinatina kongakutensis n. sp. is recorded here from the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) Ulungarat unit in Arctic Alaska. A restudy of the type species, Bicarinatina bicarinata (Kutorga) from the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) of Eastern Europe, suggests close affinities to the Ordovician genus Pseudolingula and gives good reason to assign Bicarinatina to the family Pseudolingulidae. There are no important points of difference in the morphologies of Bicarinatina and the Early Carboniferous lingulid genus Liralingua and, thus, both genera have been synonymized.


The Book of Mormon can be situated within the context of a tradition of covenantal rhetoric. The book is introduced by its editor as assurance to an American remnant of Israel of "the covenants of the Lord, that they are not cast off." The term covenant occurs almost 200 times in the text—but it undergoes particular permutations that endow the concept with new shades of meaning. First, against the book's stark apocalypticism, the gold plates themselves embody the durability of covenant and secure a bridge from ancient to restoration forms of relation to the divine. Second, The Book of Mormon hints at a soteriological reconstruction of covenant that emerges in the context of Smith's radical theism and his reconstitution of heaven into an anthropocentric rather than theocentric heaven. Covenant, in this light, becomes constitutive of, rather than preparatory for, the celestial society that itself comprises the Mormon heaven.


Riparian vegetation buffer zone is the ecotone between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems,which has unique spatial structure and ecological service functions,being a research hotspot in ecological and environmental sciences.In this paper,the researches on the ecosystem structure of the riparian zone and its main ecological service functions in biodiversity conservation and non-point nitrogen pollution prevention were summarized and analyzed.Owing to the complicated structure,multiple interference factors,and high spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the riparian zone,more theoretical and case studies are needed to improve the scientific management of riparian ecosystem.It was prospected from the viewpoints of ecosystem ecology and landscape ecology that further researches in the following fields would be made:(1) effects of human disturbances such as the spatiotemporal change of land use on the biodiversity and eco-environment in the riparian zone,(2) effects of different riparian vegetation buffer zones and regional environmental characteristics on the purification mechanisms and control processes of non-point nitrogen pollution,and(3) development of ecosystem management models adaptive to our regional and environmental characteristics,and quantitative study of dynamic changes in riparian ecosystem structure,process,and function as well as their relationships with and impact mechanisms of human disturbances,based on the small-scale and long-term observation in fixed location and mechanism study and on the comprehensive usage of mathematical methods,remote sensing,and GIS,with the aim of providing scientific evidences and management policies for the sustainable development of regional economy.


This study was aimed to determine the quality control process of an industrial product with theoretical statistical methods. This research was a qualitative research with literature study method. Data obtained from several studies that take samples in the field of goods industry. The data obtained was then analyzed and described descriptively. The quality of a product was one of the basic decisions of consumers to be satisfied with the products they buy according to their wishes and expectations. Statistical quality control was a problem solving technique that was used as a monitor, controller, analyzer, manager and improve the process by using statistical methods. The quality control process of an industrial product with statistical methods was as follows: 1) Made Chech Sheets, 2) Made Pareto Diagrams, 3) Made Control Charts, 4) Made Cause and Effect Diagrams, 5) Made Failure Mode Effect Anlaysis (FMEA) table.


1. Understanding records management 2. Analysing the context for records management 3. Classifying records and documenting their context 4. Creating and capturing records 5. Managing appraisal, retention and disposition 6. Maintaining records and assuring their integrity 7. Providing access 8. Implementing records management: practical and managerial issues 9. Conclusion Appendix A. Bibliography and sources of further information Appendix B. Select list of national and international standards Appendix C. Professional organizations for records managers in English-speaking countries.


The study deals with the effect of the technological communication revolution and cultural expansion on regional media. Media regionality and communication process are not studied traditionally from geographical point of view, but rather on holistic and culturological principles. The study pays special attention to Church media that constitute an autonomic media subsystem with a ritual communication model, compatible with Church doctrines. The Church, by means of the Pontifical Commission for Mass Media issues, stipulates Church media policy (for example the pastoral instruction Communio et progressio, included in Inter mirifica of May 23 rd , 1971); and via Church hierarchy monitors proper application of its doctrines in media communication. The regionality of Church media becomes compatible with the attributes of regional and local media only secondarily. The objective of this study is to highlight the fact that in this new media epoch, regionality takes on a new meaning, determined by new phenomena - particularly by fragmentation of mass media audience as well as global media domestication. Regionality undergoes a metagenesis – from a perception of geographic locality and region it moves closer to the so-called cultural and holistic lines. "Local or regional" is a type of communication rather than locality (interest groups in a role of local audience).


Solid phase diffusivity Ds is a key parameter in Lithium-Ion cell models because solid phase diffusion typically dominates the voltage transients. The Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) is easy to implement and universally accepted as the standard for diffusivity measurement, but the accuracy of GITT diffusivity measurement is unknown. This paper develops a Least Squares GITT (LS-GITT) that uses all of the voltage data from a GITT test to optimally tune the diffusivity in a reduced order solid phase diffusion model. The accuracies of the GITT and LS-GITT diffusivity measurements are evaluated using the RMS error between the model predicted and experimentally measured voltages. Based on experimental results from a NCM half cell, LS-GITT is more accurate than GITT, often by an order of magnitude. The GITT test overestimates Ds because the underlying model neglects the effects of bulk capacity on the voltage transients. LS-GITT gives results accurate to 1 mV RMS from 15%–100% SOC where GITT provides the same level of accuracy over less than half that SOC range. Neither technique provides accurate Ds measurements below 10% SOC.


Without being affected by the distance from the distance and the sensor output from a heat source, providing a display panel with built-in optical sensors of the noise component of the image signal can be accurately removing an image capture sensor in the display area. It said photosensor built display panel includes an active matrix substrate having a pixel region in which pixels are arranged in a matrix, at least a plurality of light sensors to partly formed configuration of the pixel region. Wherein the optical sensor in the pixel region, an image capture sensor (12S), includes shaded light-shielded sensor and (12B) is. Said photosensor built display panel comprises using the sensor output from the light-shielded sensor (12B), the correction circuit for correcting the sensor output of the image capture light sensors (12S) and (4).


the safety and the temperature rise of the tissue. We have been proposed a method which uses low frequency vibration of frequency less than a few thousands Hz in order to produce thc shear wave inside the tissue.i)Since the method uses vibration wave with amplitude of 100 microns or less, biological efTects to tissue are small enough, However, a problem of low frcqucncy vibration wave excitation is fbrmation of stranding wave inside the tissue, Shear wave, which is refiected from the tissue boundary, produces the standing wave in the vicinity ofboundary and the estimation


Recent proposals by Andrew Lansley mean that hospitals would bear the cost of readmission during the 30 days after discharge.1 Such readmissions cost the NHS £1.6bn (€1.84bn; $2.53bn) a year—about £11m per trust.2 Greater integration of care is welcome, but not all readmissions are a failure of care, and such legislation may have …


In this paper effect of measurement error and non response error is examined on estimation of unknown population mean of study variable. We have obtained the expression of the MSE (mean square error) of the proposed estimator up to first order of approximation. We have shown theoretically and empirically that the proposed estimator performs better than other estimators considered in this article. For empirically study we have used for different data sets. KEYWORDS: Auxiliary Variable, Measurement Error, Non-Response, Bias, Mean Square Error (MSE). MSC: 62D05


Titanium and Zircaloy-4 dissimilar alloys were brazed with a zirconium-titanium-copper-nickel amorphous filler alloy, and the resulting joint structures as well as their corrosion properties were examined. The microstructure of the brazed joints was investigated according to brazing holding time at 850 °C, and the corrosion property was analyzed by potentiodynamic polarization. During brazing, joints were produced by diffusion-induced isothermal solidification of the molten filler alloy. At a relatively brief brazing holding time of 5 min, a large segregation zone consisting of an active α-phase and a nobler intermetallic phase was generated in the joint center, which suffered from micro-galvanic corrosion. The presence of alloyed titanium deteriorated the nobility of the α-zirconium phase near the joint and induced galvanic coupling with cathodic base metals, resulting in massive localized corrosion. This localized corrosion caused the pitting behavior at the applied potential of −51.1~187.5 mV during anodic polarization. With a brazing holding time of 20 min, the concentration of the alloying elements was homogenized to eliminate the electrochemical potential difference and minimize the galvanic corrosion susceptibility of the joint region. This homogeneous joint resulted in a highly passive corrosion behavior comparable to that of the titanium base metal.


This work presents a novel method for optical decrypted key production by screen printing technology. The key is mainly used to decrypt encoded information hidden inside documents containing Moire patterns and integral photographic 3D auto-stereoscopic images as a second-line security file. The proposed method can also be applied as an anti-counterfeiting measure in artistic screening. Decryption is performed by matching the correct angle between the decoding key and the document with a text or a simple geometric pattern. This study presents the theoretical analysis and experimental results of the decoded key production by the best parameter combination of Moire pattern size and screen printing elements. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method can be applied in anti-counterfeit document design for the fast and low-cost production of decryption key.


In this paper,analysis was conducted on the factors affecting the time,environment and management of frequent occurrence of coal mine accidents in some southern region in our country according to the statistics and on-the-spot investigation data of coal mine accidents happened in recent three years in this region.Through thorough analysis on the accidents happened in small local coal mines,the authors put forward the measures of bringing along small local mines with the large mines having rich technical force,speeding up the integration of the resources,doing well the introduction of technical persons and the safety training of staff members and workers,reinforcing the management of safe production,perfecting the supervision mechanism of safe production and so on.All of these will promote the sustainable,constant and healthy development of local coal industry.


This paper offers some recommenda tions on how a problem finding interview might be conducted in order to maximize the probability of solving the "correct" problem. Interview questions are categorized by types, suggestions are given on how to improve the quality of information received, and finally, two methods on how to refine the problem statement are offered.


Due to its growing success with consumers as a preferred way to access video content, VoD (Video On Demand) services streaming is gaining unprecedented interest from the IPTV and the Internet video streaming industries alike. Unlike the rigid linear video services programming that is the norm in broadcast TV, the on-demand content access provides a great flexibility allowing end-users to browse and consume video content in a non-scheduled way. Besides providing a VoD offering to meet evolving end-users expectations for flexibility and differed-time access, it is today very important for a service provider to offer a very large content library (popular and niche content) to capture the broadest audience possible. Targeting a very large audience with a large video content library puts a very heavy burden on service providers with scalability being the chief design issue


Advancements and miniaturization with high processing capabilities in electronics enabled sensor devices which can communicate with each other easily. Increase in signal processing power and miniaturization of the device with powerful wireless communication trans- receiver unit attached to this sensor unit forms a node in wireless sensor network. Collection of these sensor networks, we call them as wireless sensor networks. The nodes are autonomous in collection of the data and forward the same to data collection point, called as sink node. Sink node is responsible for further processing of the data and providing it to application. The sensor devices use power provided mostly by the batteries. When battery is exhausted then mostly node dies or becomes of no use. To avoid this failure in network, maximum research being carried out in energy saving schemes in Wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we present survey on currents trends using of Artificial Neural Network concepts in sensor networks.


Electric charges on a circle in the presence of a fractional magnetic flux are considered. A winding operator and a flux operator are defined and the corresponding phase space is shown to describe the global properties of the system. The Heisenberg - Weyl group of discrete displacements and the SL(2,Z(q)) group of discrete Bogoliubov transformations in the s-w phase space, are studied. They describe coherent evolution of the system, going beyond the external field approximation and taking into account the back-reaction of the electric charge on the magnetic flux. When q is the power of a prime, Z(q) is a Galois field and stronger results can be proved.


Abstract Objective: We compare physical activity during bouts of sedentary videogaming (SVG), active videogaming (AVG), and paced walking in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to determine the effectiveness of AVG in providing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Materials and Method: Participants included nine males (8–11 years old) with ASD and eight age-matched males who were typically developing. Both groups had anthropometric and motor proficiency (Movement Assessment Battery for Children II) measures taken before testing. Participants attended three randomly assigned acquisition sessions: 20 minutes of paced walking at 4.5 metabolic equivalents, AVG, and SVG. Videogaming occurred on an Xbox® Kinect. An Actical accelerometer provided activity counts (AC) and percentage of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (%MVPA). These were compared using 3 × 2 repeated measures analysis of variance for each measure. Results: Main effects for conditions existed for %MVPA (P < 0....


We generalize results of lattice QCD to determine the spin-dependent symmetries and factorization properties of meson production in Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka allowed processes. This explains some conjectures previously made in the literature about axial meson decays and gives predictions for exclusive decays of vector charmonia, including ways of establishing the structure of Y(4260) and Y(4325) from their S-wave decays. Factorization gives a selection rule which forbids e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}D*D{sub 2} near threshold with the tensor meson in helicity 2. The relations among amplitudes for double charmonia production e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{psi}+{chi}{sub 0,1,2} are expected to differ from the analogous relations among light flavor production such as e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{omega}f{sub 0,1,2}.


Background: The purpose of this investigation was to compare empirically predictive ability of an artificial neural network with a logistic regression in prediction of low back pain. Methods: Data from the second national health survey were considered in this investigation. This data includes the information of low back pain and its associated risk factors among Iranian people aged 15 years and older. Artificial neural network and logistic regression models were developed using a set of 17294 data and they were validated in a test set of 17295 data. Hosmer and Lemeshow recommendation for model selection was used in fitting the logistic regression. A three-layer perceptron with 9 inputs, 3 hidden and 1 output neurons was employed. The efficiency of two models was compared by receiver operating characteristic analysis, root mean square and -2 Loglikelihood criteria. Results: The area under the ROC curve (SE), root mean square and -2Loglikelihood of the logistic regression was 0.752 (0.004), 0.3832 and 14769.2, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (SE), root mean square and -2Loglikelihood of the artificial neural network was 0.754 (0.004), 0.3770 and 14757.6, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these three criteria, artificial neural network would give better performance than logistic regression. Although, the difference is statistically significant, it does not seem to be clinically significant.


A crack-free GaN∕AlN distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) incorporated with GaN∕AlN superlattice (SL) layers was grown on a c-plane sapphire substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Three sets of half-wave layers consisting of 5.5 periods of GaN∕AlN SL layers and GaN layer were inserted in every five pairs of the 20 pair GaN∕AlN DBR structure to suppress the crack generation. The grown GaN∕AlN DBRs with SL insertion layers showed no observable cracks in the structure and achieved high peak reflectivity of 97% at 399nm with a stop band width of 14nm. Based on the x-ray analysis, the reduction in the in-plane tensile stress in the DBR structure with insertion of SL layers could be responsible for the suppression of crack formation and achievement of high reflectivity.


Objective: The aim of this work is to evaluate and compare five fiducial points for the temporal location of each pulse wave from forehead and finger photoplethysmographic (PPG) pulse wave signals to perform pulse rate variability (PRV) analysis as a surrogate for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Approach: Forehead and finger PPG signals were recorded during a tilt-table test simultaneously with the electrocardiogram (ECG). Artefacts were detected and removed and five fiducial points were computed: apex, middle-amplitude and foot points of the PPG signal, apex point of the first derivative signal and the intersection point of the tangent to the PPG waveform at the apex of the derivative PPG signal and the tangent to the foot of the PPG pulse, defined as the intersecting tangents method. Pulse period (PP) time interval series were obtained from both PPG signals and compared with the RR intervals obtained from the ECG. HRV and PRV signals were estimated and classical time and frequency domain indices were computed. Main results: The middle-amplitude point of the PPG signal (nM), the apex point of the first derivative (), and the tangent intersection point (nT) are the most suitable fiducial points for PRV analysis, resulting in the lowest relative errors estimated between PRV and HRV indices and higher correlation coefficients and reliability indices. Statistically significant differences according to the Wilcoxon test between PRV and HRV signals were found for the apex and foot fiducial points of the PPG, as well as the lowest agreement between RR and PP series according to Bland–Altman analysis. Hence, these signals have been considered less accurate for variability analysis. In addition, the relative errors are significantly lower for nM and using Friedman statistics with a Bonferroni multiple-comparison test, and we propose that nM is the most accurate fiducial point. Based on our results, forehead PPG seems to provide more reliable information for a PRV assessment than finger PPG. Significance: The accuracy of the pulse wave detection depends on the morphology of the PPG. There is therefore a need to widely define the most accurate fiducial point for performing a PRV analysis under non-stationary conditions based on different PPG sensor locations and signal acquisition techniques.


HE law frequently derives its content from the practices of the community it regulates. Examples are legion: Tort's reasonable care standard demands that we all exercise the prudence of an "ordinary" person. Ambiguous contracts find meaning in custom and usage of trade. The Fourth Amendment examines our collective expectations of privacy. And so on. This recourse to real-world circumstance has intuitive appeal, in that it helps courts resolve fact-dependent disputes and lends legitimacy to their judgments. T


A nonvanishing spectral density of the low-lying eigenmodes of the Dirac operator naturally is a signal for dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (Dc SB) via the Banks-Casher relation. The low-lying eigenmodes alone saturate the pseudoscalar channel and the corresponding propagator successfully reproduces the pion mass. In this paper we investigate the effects on the mass generation of hadrons other than pions. The evolution of these masses upon inclusion of an increasing number of the low-lying eigenmodes is confronted with the hadron mass spectrum upon removal of such eigenmodes.


Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal • Volume 39, Number 4, April 2020 www.pidj.com | e37 H infections (HAIs) constitute a common but highly preventable event during hospitalization. Healthcareassociated pneumonia, including ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP), together with healthcare-associated primary bloodstream infection, represents the largest proportion of HAIs. The estimated median disabilityadjusted life years associated with healthcare-associated pneumonia was estimated to be 170 per 100,000 population by the European Center for Disease Control. VAP constitutes one of the most common HAI experienced by critically ill children and has been related to increased morbidity, length of stay, broad-spectrum antibiotic usage and cost. Despite the high burden and complications of VAP, currently, a major impediment in VAP prevention is the lack of a precise, reproducible and clinically meaningful definition. This has a significant impact on VAP surveillance, clinical management and prevention. To improve the quality of surveillance data, essential to drive local improvement and to a benchmark of quality of care, there has been an effort to improve the definition of VAP. An imaging-based VAP definition was used by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for many years and widely adopted by most HAI surveillance networks, including the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium, as well as national databases supported by other developed and developing countries. More recently, however, this imaging-based definition has been abandoned by many HAI surveillance programs due to the subjective nature of key criteria, such as radiologic findings. Radiologic criteria for the original VAP definition included new or worsening infiltrates on a chest radiograph, a nonspecific finding that occurs in other disease processes such as atelectasis, acute respiratory disease syndrome and alveolar hemorrhage. Similarly, clinical signs and symptoms of the original VAP definition, such as fever, purulent bronchial secretions and leukocytosis, are common in critically ill patients who have noninfectious disease processes. Although other definitions have been used for VAP surveillance, such as the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score, these definitions are also flawed because of the inclusion of criteria related to radiographic abnormalities. Because of shortcomings in the original VAP and other existing definitions, CDC introduced a broader and potentially more objective definition for ventilator-associated events (VAE) in adults. This algorithm is based on objective criteria, including the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP); no radiographic criteria are included. The VAE algorithm consists of 3 tiers: ventilator-associated complications (VACs), infection-related ventilator-associated complications (IVAC) and possible/probable VAP (Table 1). These categories have been used for surveillance in adult critically ill patients by CDC since 2013. Simultaneous use of VAE and VAP algorithms in critically ill adult patients has confirmed that there is poor agreement between these definitions. Both the original VAP as well as the ventilator-associated tracheitis have been misdiagnosed by VAE definition and vice versa. However, patients identified with VAE have been demonstrated to have worse outcomes than those who do not develop VAE, suggesting a degree of clinical validity. Currently, the impact of this new


During Mercedes-Benz China Fashion Week,QIAODAN Cup 9th China Sporting Equipment Design Contest was co-held by China Fashion Association and QIAODAN Sports Co.,Ltd in Beijing 751D-PARK workshop on October 28th.Meanwhile Qiaodan's excellent designer Yin Peng presented the fashion trend of 2016 s/s with his"WEI"collection.Themed as"passion-applause",QIAODAN Cup 9th China Sporting Equipment Design Contest presents the enthusiasm and sincerity from Qiaodan sports for 2014


Using the rapid infrared CO2 analyzer the alveolar CO2 of two major groups of patients with acute poliomyelitis were followed with almost daily observation from the day of admission for varying len...


The Human Relations Area Files was founded at Yale University during the 1930s by Professor George Peter Murdock, a social anthropologist. HRAF was intended to assemble and organize ethnographic data that could be readily retrieved for cross cultural and related behavioral studies. Today, it consists of approximately 4000 books, essays, and manuscripts available to member institutions on paper slips or microfilm cards. This paper attempts to evaluate the ethnographic information that has been drawn from a worldwide sample of cultural units. What has long been needed by scholars, the authors believe, is a thoughtful discussion of both the advantages and disadvantages of this database.


Up to now seniors is not content with the residential
environment because the residential types have not
considered the handicap of seniors. When seniors don't
support themselves and their family don't take care of
them, seniors have not an opportunity except that they
go into seniors facilities and hospitals. And so there
are the requirement to develop the types of seniors
housing that seniors support themselves and receive care
service.
In accordance with this requirement, this study is to
classify the types of seniors housing according to the
physical and economical conditions after understanding
the social circumstances and to consider the checklist for
the spatial zones in the planning for senior housing.
Some better design methodology dealing with this study
of seniors housing should be expected from the study
to follow.


Due to the evolution of wired and wireless communication technologies and the Internet, multimedia services such as Internet broadcast and VOD have been prevalent recently. RTP is designed to be suitable for transmission of real-time multimedia data on the Internet by IETF While a variety of applications have utilized different RTPs implemented as a library, embeddedRTP is RTP-based kernel-level protocol that resolved performance issues of this kind of RTPs. This paper proposes the ExtendedERTP protocol based on existing embeddedRTP. This new protocol resolves a couple of issues such as packet processing overhead and buffer requirement and combines its APIs with BSD socket APIs which have been widely utilized in network applications. This paper demonstrates that this integration makes it possible to transmit real-time multimedia data through the accustomed interface of BSD socket APIs with nominal extra overhead. This paper also proposes a scheme for improving packet processing time by 1520% and another scheme for reducing memory requirement for packet processing to about 3.5%, comparing with those of embeddedRTP.


Daily transformational leadership behaviour encourages employee work engagement. Psychological contract fulfilment significantly enhances employees' and affect employees' attitude, behavior, engagement and performance in general. The study sought to examine the significant role transformational leadership play in psychological contract and employee engagement. Using a quantitative cross-sectional study approach and a snowball sampling technique, a self-designed questionnaire was used to gather data from two hundred and forty-seven employees from the public sector of Ghana. Hypotheses were tested by means of structural equation modelling with maximum likelihood estimation using Stata 15 software. The findings reveal that Transformation leadership had a positive significant relationship toward psychological contract and also towards employee engagement. Transformational leadership had a positive significant relationship towards employee engagement and also, psychological contract positively mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee engagement The study contributes to clarifying and extending the social exchange theory and the job demand resource theory by unravelling how the transformational leaders motivate, encourage and reward employees in the reciprocal relationship between himself and their subordinates.


First-principles calculations are used to investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of CdCr2O4 with magnetic Cr cations, focusing on the changes through the magnetic phase transitions which shows relief of the geometric frustration of the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orderings on the pyrochlore lattice. We computed the structural and electronic properties for the paramagnetic, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orderings in cubic ( F 3 dm) and tetragonal (I41 ⁄amd) structures of CdCr2O4. We optimized the crystal structures with the PM, FM and AFM orderings using a pseudopotential plane wave (PP-PW) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and computed the electronic properties to investigate the magnetic properties in the geometrically frustrated ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spinel CdCr2O4 based on density functional theory and understanding of the principles of Quantum ESPRESSO in magnetic materials. On the other hand, the effect of magnetism were obtained and analyzed on the basis of density of states (DOS), projected density of states (PDOS), and charge density distribution.


Recently, a "listen-and-talk" (LAT) protocol for full-duplex (FD) cognitive radio networks (CRNs) has been proposed to allow simultaneous sensing and transmission of secondary users (SUs). However, sensing impairment due to self-interference remains a major problem in the FD protocol. In this paper, we explore the cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) scheme to improve sensing reliability in FD CRNs. Also, we consider the robustness of the proposed scheme against the possible existence of misbehaving nodes. The interference from the transmitting SU to other SUs leads to significant difference between the proposed CSS scheme and conventional half-duplex ones. Specifically, we adopt a confidence-only report rule and a weighted majority fusion rule to alleviate the interference issue and impact of abnormal nodes, respectively.


This paper attempts to examine the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal measures taken by Indian Government to counter the effects of global economic slowdown on Indian economy. Looking at global economic slowdown to augment domestic liquidity and to ensure that credit continues to flow the productive sector of economy Reserve Bank had reduced CRR from 9.0 percent to 5.0 percent, SLR 25.0 percent to 24.0 percent, Repo Rate 9.0 percent to 4.75 percent and Reverse Repo Rate 5.0 percent to 3.25 percent from July 2008 to July 2009. Fiscal policy of 2008-09 cuts the excise duty, customs duty and service tax to increase the demand of industrial goods.


Many studies have shown that combined oral contraceptives (COC) may produce changes in the concentration or activity of most hematological factors. In contrast limited studies of the progestogen-only pill (POP) suggest that it causes little change. The published data for the POP are summarized in a table. Other studies are also relevant eg no change was observed in a large number of hematological factors when norethisterone or LNG was administered orally in doses greater than those used in the POP. When changes in hematological factors do occur in women using contraceptive steroids and are of a magnitude indicative of a hypercoagulable state there is no evidence that this will necessarily lead to thrombosis. It could be postulated that it may do so in women who have a disposition form thrombotic events but again evidence to support such a hypothesis is lacking. Despite the number of epidemiological studies which have been performed it is still controversial whether and to what extent even use of COCs increases the incidence of cardiovascular disease. In the Oxford-FPA study involving 3303 woman-years of observation 4 women developed cardiovascular disorders but it is not possible from the information presented to determine whether this is more or less than expected. A recent study reported changes in a number of hematological factors in women who had been using LNG subdermal implants (Norplant) for 1 year. The changes however were small even for those factors which showed a statistically significant change and are unlikely to be of clinical significance. These findings are at variance with those from other studies. The pathogenesis of venous and arterial thrombi are probably different and hematological factors are only 1 of many components involved in thrombus formation. (Author).


The descriptive records related to Hwangjini are very suspicious of being fabricated. Thus, the descriptive records on her will be the significant text for examining the method that a woman is formed as an "image" or a "symbol" and meaning in the man-oriented history. This paper examined how the "Hwangjini" discourse was formed on the basis of the descriptive records on Hwangjini from unofficial historical tales in the Joseon dynasty to 1930s from the female representation point of view. At first, how her story was deployed and the characteristics of peculiarity and rumor types as the source of retaliatory imagination were examined. The next issue was how her image finally converged into respectability was related to sexuality of women and the mores of the gentry in that day. Finally, this paper went over the patterns that Hwangjini was more ideally diverged into the cultural icon in the Joseon Dynasty before the Japanese imperialism, the seeker and enthusiastic and romantic incarnation of love in the modern age. As a result of examination, it was found that she lost the physical property and became the altruistic existence formed by men. Accordingly, it was concluded that the causes of Confucian tradition in the Joseon dynasty had still enforce its influence on controlling the sexuality of the modern women. Furthermore, this paper observed an aspect of description on women becoming altruistic by men.


In mobile sensor networks (MSNs), since sensor nodes and wireless networks are highly resource constrained and, it is highly required to manage sensor data in flexible and efficient manners. Under the MEXT research project The Grand-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)(21220002) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan entitled "Studies on Efficient Data Processing Techniques for Mobile Sensor Networks," we have conducted researches on data management issues in MSNs. In this paper, we report some of our achievements in a sub-area of this project, which addresses data transmission for efficient data collection in MSNs. In particular, we first show our achievements on how to efficiently transmit sensor data from sensor nodes to mobile sink nodes considering the fairness and the amount of sensor data collected. Then, we also show our achievements on how to enlarge sensor data collection area and how to reduce communication traffic using mobile sink nodes.


The case of a five-year-old boy presenting with autoimmune anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia associated to giant cell hepatitis is described. The diagnosis of ALPS-like syndrome was eventually made.


Ensemble clustering has recently emerged a powerful clustering analysis technology for multi-view data. From the existing work, these techniques held great promise, but most of them are inefficient for large data. Some researchers have also proposed efficient ensemble clustering algorithms, but these algorithms devote to data objects with the same feature spaces, which are not satisfied for multi-view data. To overcome these deficiencies, an efficient ensemble clustering algorithm for multi-view mixed data is developed from the cluster-level perspective. Firstly, a set of clustering solutions are produced with the K-prototypes clustering algorithm on each view multiple times, respectively. Then, a cluster-cluster similarity matrix is constructed by considering all the clustering solutions. Next, the METIS algorithm is conduct meta-clustering based on the similarity matrix. After that, the final clustering results are obtained by applying majority voting to assign the objects to their corresponding clusters based on the meta-clustering. The corresponding time complexity of the proposed algorithm is analysed as well. Experimental results on several multi-view datasets demonstrated the superiority of our proposed algorithm.


In the early days of submucous resection for septal deformities, and in more recent times, on account of the clinician's failure to appreciate the importance of deflections and thickenings of the upper part of the septum, many incomplete operations were done. These operations may be classified as follows: The procedures of crushing and repositioning, as in the Asch and Gleason operations. The removal of spurs and ridges by various means, leaving a complete bony and cartilaginous wall between the two membranes. The submucous removal of a portion of the bone and cartilage at the most prominent part of the obstruction, producing a window where the membranes become adherent to each other. A combination of B and C. In a considerable percentage of cases, the results from these measures are not satisfactory and the patients later seek further relief. In Classes A and B, the technic for the second operation is


In this paper we study the degeneration behavior of the norm of the Riemann θ-function in a family of principally polarized abelian varieties over the punctured complex unit disc in terms of the associated polarized real torus. As an application, we obtain the degeneration behavior of the Zhang– Kawazumi invariant φ(Mt) of a family of Riemann surfaces Mt in terms of Zhang's invariant φ(Γ) of the associated metrized reduction graph Γ. This allows us to deduce a uniform lower bound for the essential minimum of the Néron–Tate height on the tautological cycles of any Jacobian variety over a number field.


Giving a reward of reciting the holy koran to someone who has passed away is one of disputable topic in Islamic law. One group of muslim community believe that this habit is permissible. In Indonesia, especially in many villages, most of muslim people practice this point of view. On the other hand, some muslim scholars consider that this habit has not basic source in Islam. According to this view, every body only gets what he has done in this world, with a little exception explained by sunnah of Rasulullah SAW. Modernist muslim in general follow this opinion. For them, any ritual must refer to a clear guidance from Prophet Muhammad SAW. Besides that, giving a reward of reciting the holy koran to someone who passed away has no strong guidance enough from salaf as-ṣāliḥ.


Abstract In this study, a two-dimensional analysis of the radiation from a subwavelength aperture antenna with a grooved conducting flange is conducted. Fourier transform and mode-matching techniques are employed to obtain a fast-convergent series solution. The derived series is efficient for numerical computations. The reflection and radiation characteristics are computed in terms of the number of grooves and the groove geometries. Measurements are also made to validate the proposed theoretical model. A maximum gain of 19.4 dBi is obtained when 12 grooves are created on the conducting flange.


The investigation of the Social Memory´s Chavezpamba Rural Parish, involves historical, cultural and identity events that are important to capture in the digital magazine to strengthen the traditions of the people of the parish.
The inquiry, includes theoretical aspects of communication, culture, identity and new technologies through conceptual postulates from some authors such as: Jelin, Hallbwachs, Kaplun, Habermas, Freire and Canclini, and others, that support and validate the existence of social and historical memory inside of a society.
The concepts addressed help to create meanings in each of the topics covered in the product, because there is the relationship between theory and practice; so it is necessary, before intervening in Chavezpamba, to have prior knowledge to apply learning through interactive dialogue with the people reviving and discovering forgotten facts.


Describing The Eclipse of Eternity as a really useful book is not to damn with faint praise. When, as a religious studies lecturer, I encounter a thought-provoking book I enjoy, which has the additional merits of being written in a disarmingly straightforward, accessible style with great potential for informing and stimulating students on a variety of topics, it is a great discovery. Tony Walter, whose previous books include The Revival of Death (1994) and Funerals—and How to Improve Them (1990), is a lucid, stimulating author. His skill lies in methodically reviewing the theological, historical, and sociological literature, setting out hypotheses, examining them, and then more or less leaving the reader to make up her or his own mind. As he admits at the end of the book, he leaves "more questions than answers, more theses than evidence" (p. 195). Walter's starting point is deceptively simple. He reminds us that textbooks tend to assert that dealing with death is one of the major functions of religion. He observes in Europe, North America, and Australia (the "restricted" scope of this study concentrates on the conventional Christian majority in these areas) the "theological and ethical diffidence about the hereafter" (p. 2) and "the removal of death and the afterlife from the churches' agenda" (p. 3). "How," Walter asks, "could the purported motive for religion collapse, and sociologists of religion not notice?" (p. 3). Walter therefore sets out to explore the meaning of eternity in everyday life and in the social organization of death. He looks not only at beliefs about heaven and hell, life and death but at the social, physical, and individual contexts in which such beliefs occur. In the course of this exploration, Walters considers a huge number of issues and ideas, clearly labeling his chapters so that one can home in on areas of particular interest. He looks at the history of theological thought about the afterlife, comparing it with contemporary views. He makes the point that there need be no coherence between a person's intuitions about an afterlife and the rest of her or his religious or nonreligious belief system. Walters also highlights the pitfalls of interpreting survey data in relation to such complex ideas. Naturally, his examinations lead to some consideration of the relation-


Left: CT scan image after a thick bone wafer osteotomy. Dotted lines show the plane of the lesser tubercle; long inferior line is the original plane used to create the thick osteotomy, shorter superior line is used to create a thin osteotomy. Solid vertical line represents whole tuberosity thickness. Right: Test setup just prior to initial loading of 100 N taken from camera. system. Thin Wafer Thick Wafer Load (N) @ 3.5 mm 62.3 ± 35.5 53.6 ± 32.2 Displacement (mm) @ 50 N (0 min.) 3.2 ± 2.1 3.9 ± 2.4 Displacement (mm) @ 100N (0 min.) 6.9 ± 2.7 7.6 ± 3.5 Displacement (mm) (1 min.) 7.7 ± 3.1 6 ± 2.4 Displacement (mm) (49 min.) 10.9 ± 4.8 9.8 ± 1.8 Maximum Load (N) 234.7 ± 73 212.8 ± 127 Bone Wafer Thickness in Lesser Tuberosity Osteotomy Repairs during Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Miller, M C; Jarret, C; Weir, D M; Brown, B T; Latona, C; Schmidt, C C University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA email@example.com


This article aims to investigate the origins of social conflicts and the way in which their emergence in an unequal society not only segregates, but hinders effective resolution and that transcends a specific dispute, thus avoiding the emergence of demands of the same nature involving similar actors. To this end, the works Liquid Love, Liquid Modernity and Liquid Fear by Zygmunt Bauman are analyzed, which, complemented by the thoughts of other authors such as Roberto Esposito and Jurgen Habermas, confronts us with the relationship built between the community and the Judiciary.


Growth in population, industrialisation, and improvements in living conditions have widened the gap between energy supply and demand in Pakistan. Efforts are being made to develop new energy supplies. It is argued that the potential energy savings in the industrial sector are an alternative to new energy supplies. To support this argument, we present results of a detailed energy survey of private sector industries. This paper presents the pattern of energy consumption and potential for energy conservation in the industrial sector. Moreover, this work provides a rationale for the immediate formulation and implementation of an industrial energy conservation policy in Pakistan.


Manufacturing modeling and simulation has historically been equipment-centric. This equipmentcentric view is an imperfect representation of a realworld factory where Operators' decision-making processes drive manufacturing. This paper evaluates rudimentary enhancements to a simulation tool allowing for Operator-centric modeling. The results of these experiments indicate a significant improvement in our ability to capture key factory metrics when we move toward Operator-centric modeling. The next steps toward developing Operator-centric modeling capabilities are discussed in the conclusion.


Recent advances in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) diagnostic methods,including sensitive and specific biomarkers and computed tomography(CT)/magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) technologies,and therapeutic strategies,such as surgical resection techniques and local ablation methods,have increased the 5-year survival rate of HCC to 63.4%.However,early diagnosis remains a clinical challenge in China,and only 20%~30% of cases are suitable for surgical resection upon diagnosis.To improve early diagnosis rates,screening for serum tumor markers should be increased,along with more frequent ultrasound examinations of high-risk individuals,such as those infected with hepatitis virus.In addition,the high-risk populations should be evaluated by more powerful imaging technologies,such as the three-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced CT and the gadopentetic acid(Gd-DTPA) contrast-enhanced MRI.Upon diagnosis,several aspects of patient management should be enhanced to promote better outcome;specifically,a multidisciplinary consultation approach should be developed to help the patient understand the disease process and healthcare providers to develop effective individualized treatment programs.Collectively,improvements in early diagnosis and patient management will not only help to reduce the rate of late-stage hepatic failure but also improve the overall survival of HCC patients.


Imposition of duties of customs at the territorial borders have been in vogue for centuries.
The role of customs duties as a Fiscal tool available for deployment with the governments either to contribute to the public exchequer or to dissuade or otherwise influence international trade is too well known to be overemphasized.

However, customs related laws or tax policies cannot be fully appreciated and complied with unless a larger Canvass is painted which brings out the interplay of customs laws and procedures and the administrative practices peculiar to the country.

The underlying objective of the book is instead to postulate the relevant legal and administrative variables relating to customs law and administration respectively so as to equip the reader to traverse the vast ocean of customs' jurisprudence and principles.

The immediate purpose of the book is to fill the void in the space of Indian customs' law and policy by enumerating, with appropriate level of detail, all the relevant aspects.

The framework encapsulated in this book is intended to serve as a useful reference point specially for senior organizational functionaries and decision-makers such as the promoters, CEOs, CFOs, vps, etc., who must be sensitive to the salient features and nuances of the customs ecosystem so as the take informed and meaningful decisions in relation to customs generally and international trade in particular.

As another key objective, this book should be itself be sufficient for key insights into concepts and nuances of customs law for lawyers, law-students, chartered accountants and other allied professionals in so far their interests or areas of practice require dwelling into the customs ecosystem.


The Microgravity Observation of Bubble Interactions (MOBI) experiment is working to better understand the physics of gas-liquid suspensions. To study such suspensions, researchers generate bubbles in a large cylindrical flow channel. Then, they use various types of instrumentation, including video imaging, to study the bubbly suspension. Scientists will need a camera view of the majority of the gas-liquid suspension inside of the couette in order to gather the information needed from the MOBI experiment. This will provide the scientists with a qualitative picture of the flow that may indicate flow instabilities or imperfect axial mixing inside the couette. These requirements pose a significant challenge because the imaging and lighting system must be confined to a very tight space since the space available on the International Space Station experiment racks is very limited. In addition, because of the large field of view needed and the detail needed to see the gas-liquid suspension behavior in the image, a digital video camera with high resolution (1024 by 1024 pixels) had to be used. Although the high-resolution camera will provide scientists with the image quality they need, it left little space on the experiment rack for the lighting system. Many configurations were considered for the lighting system, including front-lighting and back-lighting, but because of mechanical design limitations with the couette, back-lighting was not an option.


The fast multipole method (FMM) has been used to reduce the computing operations and memory requirements in large numerical analysis problems through optimizing the computational structure. This paper presents a new virtual boundary element method (VBEM) for solving thin plate problems with the acceleration of FMM. In this thesis, the numerical scheme based on VBEM suitable for FMM with respect to thin plate problem of elasticity is derived, so that the amount of the computational elapsed time and the memory volume of the storage problems with the calculation of demand are linearly proportional to the number of degrees of freedom of the problem to be solved. The numerical results for the analysis of thin plate structures have proved the feasibility, efficiency and calculating precision of the method.


An a-axis oriented YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x (YBCO) thin film exhibiting zero resistance at 83 K and critical current density of 7.9x10 3 A/cm 2 at 62 K was obtained on an 180 nm - thick PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x x (PBCO) buffered SrTiO 3 (100) substrate by two step pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The volume fraction of a-axis orientation and the crystallinity(X min ) of the 150 nm-thick YBCO thin films were increased with increasing the thickness of PBCO buffer layer, which was varied friom 0 nm to 180 nm. It is concluded that the thickness of PBCO buffer layer is one of the important parameters to control the structural and superconducting properties of the a-axis oriented YBCO thin films using the PBCO buffer layers.


The utility model relates to a reactor for manufacturing biological fuel oil by tri-dimensional type double-water internal cooling biomass flash cracking process, which is used for solving problems of low conversion rate of biomass, poor effect of axial cooling, charring of entering materials, much gas heat energy loss after condensation in manufacturing biological fuel oil. The utility model is composed of three flowing-into pipes of heat carrier arranged on the walls of a main reactor, a feed pipe and a cooling water pipe of the feed pipe, a double-layer fixed cone, a gas outlet pipe, an afflux plate of the heat carrier, a combustion device of fuel oil, a gas combustion device, a flowing-out pipe of the heat carrier, an inner cylinder, rotary cones arranged at both ends of an axle, a chain wheel, a motor, an in-out water pipe for cooling axle, conical caps are arranged at the bottom parts in the rotary cones; a protective cover of the axle is arranged out of the axle; axle cooling water enters and flows out of the in-out water pipe of cooling axle is arranged in an axle protective sleeve. The utility model is used for manufacturing biological fuel oil, with the advantages of high conversion rate of biomass, good effect of axial cooling, no charring of entering materials and no heat energy loss of flowing-out high-heat gas.


Language is indispensable to the development of human society, and as the most important communication tool, it plays an irreplaceable role in various fields such as politics, economy and culture. Since the 18th National Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping has delivered a series of important speeches, comprehensively elaborating his socialist ideology for the new era. Xi's unique language style has made his thoughts more easily understood and accepted by people. This thesis, from the perspective of discourse analysis, analyses the cohesive means of Xi Jinping's series of speeches aiming to find the characteristics of Xi's language and enrich the analysis of Xi Jinping's discourse.


^ Economics, 1971) . In view of this it is unfortunate that the subject is one that seems to encourage a welter of conflicting, emotional and often misinformed statements, which do little to clarify and still less to solve the problem. The Czar Nicholas once described Turkey as 'the sick man of Europe'; today there are some who apply this to Britain. 'The English sickness' is also often used by overseas commentators to describe a condition of high levels of absenteeism?mostly ascribed to sickness?strikes and other problems associated with poor economic growth. Managers in other countries are said to be concerned lest their employees catch this complaint, and there are many this country who believe (incorrectly) that our sickness absence rates are higher than those elsewhere. Some attribute this to the Welfare State in which


The interrelation of investment attractiveness and entropy has been studied in the article. The main reason of the origin of entropy, a so-called bifurcation point, has been indicated. The importance and necessity of the research of such an economic category as entropy have been grounded. On the basis of the analysis of definitions in the previous articles the author suggests the own definition of entropy in terms of economics. The method of estimation of investment attractiveness based on its entropy has been described. The matrix of interpretation of the entropy and investment attractiveness values has been considered.


A CMOS active mixer which can operate at 0.9V low supply voltages and-5dBm low local oscillator(LO) power is proposed.A capacitor is introduced between the gate and body of each MOSFET,so the body effect improves the pinch-on and off speed of the MOSFET makes the switching pairs switch quickly,thus improving the noise and linearity performance of the mixer.The 0.18μm CMOS technology is adopted in the design,with 2.45GHz LO input and 2.44GHz RF input.Experiment results show that the proposed mixer can achieve mixing effectively and has good specification:the voltage conversion gain is 12.4dB and the input-referred third-order intercept point is-0.6dBm,the input-referred 1dB compression point is-3.4dBm,the single side-band noise figure is 12dB.


The aims of this research were to describe experiential meaning variation of English BBC news texts (T1) and Bahasa Indonesia BBC news texts (T2) which were functional grammatically represented in transitivity clause units, to identify the factors that cause the experiential meaning breadth variation of T1-T2, and to map the context of highest variation of T1-T2. This qualitative research applied semantic content analysis of experiential meaning with the researcher as research instrument. The results of this study show that experiential meaning variation of T1-T2 is dominated by highest scale of variation. Transfer-based perspective includes T2 as bad translation, while hermeneutic-based includes T2 as a good translation. Experiential meaning breadth variation of T1-T2 are mainly caused by the ideology of translation of BBC and translators involved in translation process that allows adjustment to the new readership and to the naturalness of the use of Indonesian language to occur. The constrictions of experiential meaning breadth variation mostly are caused by the addition of clause-rank meaning units which are not part of T1 and the existence of summary and/or synthesis of some T1 clause-rank meaning units.


The invention relates to a non-refrigeration infrared focal plane array detector of a double-layer structure. The non-refrigeration infrared focal plane array detector of the double-layer structure is composed of a substrate, a bridge floor layer and at least one bridge leg layer and is of the double-layer structure comprises an upper-layer bridge floor layer and a lower-layer bridge floor layer. The bridge floor layer is composed of an infrared thermal radiation absorption layer and a heat reactive layer. The bridge leg layer is composed of a supporting layer and a metal conductive layer. The bridge floor layer and the bridge leg layer are located on the upper plane and the lower plane which are mutually parallel and are fixedly connected through an electrical conduction anchor post. The bridge leg layer is suspended above the substrate and is connected to the substrate through the other electrical conduction anchor post. The substrate is a reading integrated circuit substrate, and the infrared radiation absorption layer is arranged on the surface of the substrate. The non-refrigeration infrared focal plane array detector is obtained through the double-layer structure, the stuffing efficiency of a detector unit can be effectively improved, absorption of infrared thermal radiation is enhanced, the heat insulation capacity of the detector can be effectively improved through a broken line bridge leg structure, the heat loss is reduced, and the overall detection performance is improved.


The goal of heavy ion reactions at low beam energies is to explore the QCD phase diagram at high net baryon chemical potential. To relate experimental observations with a first order phase transition or a critical endpoint, dynamical approaches for the theoretical description have to be developed. In this summary of the corresponding plenary talk, the status of the dynamical modeling including the most recent advances is presented. The remaining challenges are highlighted and promising experimental measurements are pointed out.


The development of robotics is accompanied by a whole range of thorny legal issues. A kind of "robolaw" is emerging in the work of scholars and the legislative acts of various countries. There are first legislative acts in China and Korea, European Union and precise countries like Estonia and German. In this article, we examine a number of regulatory aspects: the levels at which regulation is implemented. The work also contains a brief overview of self-regulation and ethical norms, laws, development strategies and concepts, standards and international acts. Additionally, selected provisions of the Model convention on robotics and artificial intellect are described.


The monoclonal antibody 109d6, which recognizes major histocompatibility antigen MT3-like serologic determinants, has been used to characterize the molecules bearing this determinant in HLA-DR4 and -DR7 homozygous cell lines by two-dimensional gel and sequencing analyses. By these two criteria, these molecules are identical to each other. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from HLA-DR1 through -DR7 homozygous cell lines with DR beta-chain gene probes reveals a striking similarity in the pattern of hybridizing fragments between DR4 and DR7 haplotypes and among DR3, DR5, and DRw6 haplotypes reminiscent of the MT3/MT2 allodeterminant distribution. The sharing of the MT2 determinant between DR3, DR5, and DRw6 haplotypes and of the MT3 determinant between DR4 and DR7 haplotypes is part of a broader "homology," which may be a consequence of more recent separation of the haplotypes sharing the MT2 determinant on the one hand and the haplotypes sharing the MT3 determinant on the other hand.