An interleaved boost dc/dc converter with zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) characteristics is presented in this study. The interleaved approach is used in this presented converter to not only decrease the current stress of the main circuit device but reduce the input ripple current and output capacitor size. Moreover, the presented converter only uses a common ZVT auxiliary circuit for achieving the soft-switching function. Thus, the presented converter can further reduce the size and cost. The ZVT characteristic for active power switches and zero-current transition characteristic for power diodes can be achieved to reduce the switching losses of active power switches and eliminate the reverse recovery losses of power diodes. The efficiency can be improved with a wide range of load. This topology can operate at two operational modes D > 50 and D < 50% to increase the application range. The operational principle and design consideration are discussed in detail. Finally, experimental results taken from a 1500 W prototype are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the presented converter.


The Chief Reporter of the American Law Institute's Principles of the Law of Family Dissolution wrote in his introduction; "Children are necessarily at the heart of any set of principles of family law." My favorite chapter of the Principles is Chapter Two, entitled "Principles Governing the Allocation of Custodial and Decisionmaking Responsibilities for Children." As of this writing, Chapter Two holds the distinction of being the only portion to have been adopted by a state legislature. While other Chapters had Reporters who were women, Chapter Two not only had a feminist Reporter, but the


Robotic developments are seen as a next level in technology with intelligent machines, which automate tedious tasks and serve our needs without complaints. But nevertheless, they have to be fair and smart enough to be intuitively of use and safe to handle. But how to implement this kind of intelligence, does it need feelings and emotions, should robots perceive the world as we do as a human role model, how far should the implementation of synthetic consciousness lead and actually, what is needed for consciousness in that context? Additionally in Human-Robot-Interaction research, science mainly makes use of the tool phenomenography, which is exclusively subjective, so how to make it qualify for Artificial Intelligence? These are the heading aspects of this chapter for conducting research in the field of social robotics and suggesting a conscious and cognitive model for smart and intuitive interacting robots, guided by biomimetics. Marko Wehle Technische Universität Berlin, Germany Alexandra Weidemann Technische Universität Berlin, Germany Ivo Wilhelm Boblan Technische Universität Berlin, Germany Research on Human Cognition for Biologically Inspired Developments


With the implementation of rule of law,the Chinese sports legal system should focus on sports by rule of law. This paper defines the implication of sports by rule of law and analyzes the necessity of implementing sports by rule of law and the present tasks.


This paper has been withdrawn due a crucial mistake due to a crucial mistake in the proof of Lemma 2.3.


Equipment system comprising a first (30) and a second (36) series of pieces of equipment, each of the pieces of equipment belonging to either the first or the second series, and being adapted to receive a communicating consumable device (31) and comprising communication means (34,37) with the consumable device (31), the communication means (34) of the pieces of equipment of the first series (30) comprising electrical contact fingers (35), the communication means (37) of the pieces of equipment of the second series (36) being of a contactless type. It further comprises a plurality of identical consumable devices (31) including each an hybrid communication module (32) comprising both electrical pads (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d) configured and arranged to be connected by the contact fingers ( 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) of a piece of equipment of the first series (30), as well as an antenna circuit (10) adapted for contactless communication with a piece of equipment of the second series (36).


more limited, less coherent French version of Gaunt's The Aesthetic Adventure. By confining his investigation fairly strictly to the years between the Universal Exposition of 1889 and that of 1900, Mr Rudorff prevents himself from doing much work on causes and effects or from undertaking any developed psycho-sociological speculations. He uses an associative method of narration which allows him to attend to any item that presents itself opportunely; moving from a basic issue like the Dreyfus case (Chap. 7), he is able to cover not only anti-semitism, but newspapers and duelling as well. This stop-start technique has its advantages: it helps to convey the unrelenting richness of the subject and the connectedness of all its parts, but it can also encourage repetition,


We present high-resolution conductance measurements in niobium nanowires below the superconducting transition temperature. During elongation we find a bistability region manifesting itself as random telegraph noise. Density functional structural optimizations and conductance calculations reproduce and explain the measurements. In particular, the observed bistability is associated with the formation of a niobium dimer between the opposing electrodes, with the dimer shuttling between a symmetric, high conductance, and an asymmetric, low-conductance configurations in the gap.


Generally describes a method of changing the temperature. The method comprising a housing having an outer surface and an inner surface. The method comprises binding the at least one component in said housing. One component the at least the other components present in the said housing, is configured to generate electric power in cooperation with chemicals or substances. Furthermore, the method, at least one inner surface of the housing, or comprises forming a plurality of micro-channels being coupled to at least one of the internal components. Further, the method includes providing a heat sink coupled to the microchannel. The heat sink to transfer heat energy to the micro-channel, or is configured to transfer thermal energy from the micro channel. Further, the method includes flowing fluid through the microchannels and the heat sink.


1. The shell of the ova of Enterobius vermicularis is composed of two chitinous layers, a compact outer layer and a looser inner layer. Both surfaces of the two layers have a dense border. 2. The outer layer has innumerable tubules about 0.2 micron in diameter, and only those tubules found in the thinner part of the layer open
to the outside and inside. 3. The outer layer of mature eggs is about 0.45 micron and the inner layer about 2 to 6 microns, in thickness. 4. The chitinous microfibrils in both layers form a rcticular structure which contains very fine granules in the mesh.


Everyday activities often involve using an interactive device while one is handling various other physical objects (wallets, bags, doors, pens, mugs, etc.). This paper presents the Manual Multitasking Test, a test with 12 conditions emulating manual demands of everyday multitasking situations. It allows experimenters to expose the effects of design on "manual flexibility": users' ability to reconfigure the sensorimotor control of arms, hands, and fingers in order to regain the high performance levels they experience when using the device on its own. The test was deployed for pointing devices on laptops and Qwerty keyboards of mobile devices. In these studies, we identified facilitative design features whose absence explains, for example, why the mouse and stylus function poorly in multi-object performance. The issue deserves more attention, because interfaces that are nominally similar (e.g., "one-handed input") can vary dramatically in terms of "ease of juggling".


Coral species richness, percent coverage and diversity were examined using the in-situ planar point intercept quadrat method (Reed 1980). Each 25m fish transect was stratified into 5 x 5m segments with quadrat placement randomly allocated within each segment. The quadrat grid was 1m2 in area and consisted of 1 inch PVC tubing fitted with nylon line spaced 10 centimeters apart to form a square grid with 81 intersections. A subset of 25 randomly selected intersections were marked and used for substrate identification. The rationale for the subset was that 25 points sufficiently represented the habitat with acceptable error and optimized sampling time (Friedlander et al. 2006).


Precis: This author describes the development, implementation, and assessment of a skills training program for instructional supervisors. Main goals of the workshop were to heighten awareness of supervisory tasks and related competencies, to facilitate the development of required skills, and to stimulate interest in further professional growth. Four topical themes formulated the oontent of the program — communication, interpersonal relations, supervisory strategies, and time utilization. An experiential approach was used in the implementation of the program and assessment was based on data from questionnaires and observers. Participant reaction to the workshop was most favorable. Implications for supervisory inservice training also are included.


This paper puts forward an self-diagnosis bit-oriented algorithm(MARCH-TB+), according to the testing algorithms,we use a shared built-in-self-test structure(parallel structure) to test and diagnose embedded SRAM(2k×1). The experimental results show that the proposed testing algorithm has high fault coverage, strong diagnostic ability and requires less testing time.


The iminophenol 3,5-tBu 2 -2-(OH)C 6 H 2 CH=NR and the aminophenol 3,5-tBu 2 -2-(OH)C 6 H 2 CH 2 -NHR (R = tBu, 2,6-Me 2 C 6 H 3 , C 6 F 5 ) were prepared in good yields by the appropriate synthetic methods. Reactions of these compounds with AlH 3 ·NEtMe 2 in toluene gave the mononuclear [AlH{3,5-tBu 2 -2-(O)C 6 H 2 CH 2 -NR}·NEtMe 2 ] [R = 2,6-Me 2 C 6 H 3 (3), C 6 F 5 (4)] or dinuclear [AlH{μ-3,5-tBu 2 -2-(O)C 6 H 2 CH 2 -NtBu}] 2 (5) phenoxido-amido aluminium derivatives. All synthesized complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopic and analytical methods. The X-ray structure of 5 shows a dinuclear molecule in which the aluminium centres are unusually linked by μ 2 -N(amido) atoms to form a central planar Al 2 N 2 ring in a clearly preferential disposition over the more common Al 2 O 2 ring. The experimental work has been assisted by the B3LYP functional and the 6-31G * basis sets as implemented in Gaussian 03 calculations to determine the role played by the nitrogen substituent group in the structural disposition adopted by the prepared (monohydrido)aluminium compounds, in order to evaluate the factors affecting the coordination modes of the phenoxido-amido ligand on aluminium.


The title compound, C 17 H 19 N 3 O 7 .2H 2 O, has C2'-endo, C3'-exo puckering. The orientation of the base with respect to the sugar is anti and the geometry about C4'-C5' is gauche,trans. The angle between the cytidine base and the phenyl ring of the anisoyl group is 15.5 (2)°.


Dry season which often come is quicker, becoming one of the constrictor factor produce of upland rice. Existence of lacking of water cause crop experience of stres so that unable to grow and productive maximally. One of the effort to overcome degradation result of effect of lacking of water is assemble pre-eminent upland rice varietas tolerance to lacking of water. This research is conducted to evaluated the tolerance of genotipes result crossing of Bengkulu local varieties upland rice to dryness grasp. Research conducted year dry season 2015, using split plot design. Result of research indicate that Genotipa result of crossing of local upland rice of Bengkulu have difference of its resilience to dryness grasp. Lenient Genotipa of dryness at attempt of green house is 31,25 %, that is UNHZ 1, UNHZ 6, UNHZ 14, UNHZ 15A, UNHZ 16, UNHZ 23, UNHZ 24, UNHZ 26, UNHZ 27 And UNHZ 31. Lenient Geotipa to dryness grasp at attempt of field is 19,23 %, that is UNHZ 14A, UNHZ 14B, UNHZ 21, UNHZ 22, UNHZ 23, UHZ 24, UNHZ 26, UNHZ 27, UNHZ 31, UHNZ 32, UNHZ 56, UNHZ 58, UNHZ 61, UNHZ 62, UNHZ 66, UNHZ 67, UNHZ 91, UNHZ 93, UNHZ 96 and UNHZ 97. Genotipa showing symptom hold up goodness at research of green house and also research of field is UNHZ1, UNHZ 14A, UNHZ 15 A , UNHZ 23, UNHZ 24, UNHZ 26, UNHZ 27 and UNHZ 31.
Keywords: uapland rice, dryness grasp, tolerance.


ABSTRACT This study is an initial attempt at investigating the extent to which portfolio diversification benefits at different investment horizons are available to a Turkish investor from investment in MENA countries exposed to the Arab spring based on MGARCH-DCC and Wavelet techniques on daily data spanning from 2005 to 2015. The findings tend to suggest that the Turkish investors may not benefit from investment in Egypt for almost all investment horizons but may have moderate benefits from Lebanon up to the investment horizons of 32–64 days and longer. However, Turkish investors may benefit from Oman excepting the longer investment horizons. In the long run, all stock holding periods exceeding 32 days have minimal benefits for portfolio diversification.


Parallel code optimization has many challenges to improve the code performance. Loop unrolling is an optimization technique applied to the loops to reduce the frequency of branches. This optimization is a useful technique to enhance the performance of the applications especially with the increase of pipeline depth in modern processors. The proposed approach is to perform the loop unrolling optimization over understudied problems Sparse Dense Matrix Multiplications SpDM, and Dense Matrix Multiplication with cache oblivious algorithm using Peano Curves, and measure the effects on both sequential and parallel execution. The proposed approach enhanced the problem execution up to 86% in SpDM on the same computer architecture, and up to 6% in Peano Curves application.


Reaching the Social Cohesion in Education: Perspective of Lithuanian Teachers The role of the teacher in the educational process has to be reconsidered within the process of social change. Social cohesion can be viewed as an integral part of sustainable development, based on an integrated, holistic approach to economic, societal and environmental development. The role of teachers needs to be reoriented toward the promotion of social cohesion in education, considering the different subcultures that are present. The empirical study described in this article was carried out in Lithuania as a stage within the VI Framework Project "Strategies for Inclusion and Social Cohesion in Europe from Education". A semi-structured interview designed by an international team was conducted with eight primary school teachers from a Kaunas region basic school. The data obtained through the interviews was subjected for content analysis. The paper concludes that the interviewed primary school teachers tend to act as representatives that enhance the subculture of sustainability.


Notwithstanding offering convenience and entertainment to society, Deepfake face swapping has caused critical privacy issues with the rapid development of deep generative models. Due to imperceptible artifacts in high-quality synthetic images, passive detection models against face swapping in recent years usually suffer performance damping regarding the generalizability issue. Therefore, several studies have been attempted to proactively protect the original images against malicious manipulations by inserting invisible signals in advance. However, the existing proactive defense approaches demonstrate unsatisfactory results with respect to visual quality, detection accuracy, and source tracing ability. In this study, we propose the first robust identity perceptual watermarking framework that concurrently performs detection and source tracing against Deepfake face swapping proactively. We assign identity semantics regarding the image contents to the watermarks and devise an unpredictable and unreversible chaotic encryption system to ensure watermark confidentiality. The watermarks are encoded and recovered by jointly training an encoder-decoder framework along with adversarial image manipulations. Extensive experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art performance against Deepfake face swapping under both cross-dataset and cross-manipulation settings.


"A man who views the world the same at 50 as he did at 20 has wasted 30 years of his life" - Mohammad Ali

An assumption that what worked in the past would also work in the future, can become a major obstacle to high performance. As Steven Snyder explains in his book: Leadership and the Art of Struggle, the real secret of success resides in people's mind-set. Dr. Paul Zak, Director of the Center for Neuroeconomic Studies at Claremont Graduate University, states that our brain functions and the chemicals it releases may have a connection on our strategies for organizing and managing. Neuroscience is uncovering both the power of the brain on human behavior and the power of organizational environments on the brain. It has started to impact leadership development and shall shape it further.


The genesis of this paper is a particular moment in Emmanuel Finkiel's Voyages : two elderly tourists of Holocaust memorials in Poland, on two separate coaches, regard each other wordlessly through two panes of glass. My reading of this encounter explores the scene's lingering duration, which allows for an affective resonance to develop around the memories of suffering that permeate these voyages. The affective nature of this face-to-face encounter, I argue, is partly dependant on how it focuses attention on something that remains unexpressed, implicit, and incipient; I make reference to Brian Massumi's writing on affect, narrative and the visual. Taking inspiration from Voyages' encounters, I consider more explicitly the way in which facing the 'other' is a privileged ethical moment that has great importance for interrogating contemporary Polish visual culture. There has been a steady development of fascination, in Polish films, installation artworks, and memorials, with Poland's murdered Jewish populations, particularly since Jan Gross's publications ( Neighbours , 2001 and Golden Harvest, 2012) laid blame for many Jewish deaths and grave robberies during and after the Holocaust squarely on Polish shoulders. I draw on Marie-Aude Baronian's writing on cinematic responses to archival absence and un-mourned deaths in my reading of the first feature film inspired by Gross's research, Wladyslaw Pasikowski's Aftermath (2012), which focuses on attempts to enact a direct encounter between past and present through the retrieval of de-faced Jewish gravestones. I consider installation art by Zofia Lipecka and official and grassroots memorial projects in Poland's urban spaces to question how they perform an encounter with someone 'missing', with an 'other' who is no longer there to return our look, with, that is a resonant absence.


It is shown that the dispersion relation of "Thumb - Teardrop" type, investigated by Trivedi and Ganesh [P. Trivedi and R. Ganesh, Phys. Plasmas 25, 112102 (2018)], is, generally speaking, justified only as a nonlinear one. The reason is that under regular conditions, both linear derivations (van Kampen, Landau) face either internal inconsistencies or unphysical assumptions violating causality or generality, respectively, which can be surmounted only by an incorporation of particle trapping. The four associated discrete modes are hence nothing else but the four harmonic modes of the continuous wave spectrum consisting of the privileged class of cnoidal electron and ion hole equilibria. They have been termed a long time ago as Langmuir, slow electron acoustic, ion acoustic, and slow ion acoustic. As a consequence, Landau's theory of plasma instability is rendered inadequate since at the threshold, the nonlinearly updated wave solution has to be taken into account rather than Landau's linear one. Landau's linear wave theory hence loses its role as a universally valid tool to describe the onset scenarios of instability of coherent waves in favor of a multifaceted onset that, however, relies on the complex manifestations of hole equilibria.It is shown that the dispersion relation of "Thumb - Teardrop" type, investigated by Trivedi and Ganesh [P. Trivedi and R. Ganesh, Phys. Plasmas 25, 112102 (2018)], is, generally speaking, justified only as a nonlinear one. The reason is that under regular conditions, both linear derivations (van Kampen, Landau) face either internal inconsistencies or unphysical assumptions violating causality or generality, respectively, which can be surmounted only by an incorporation of particle trapping. The four associated discrete modes are hence nothing else but the four harmonic modes of the continuous wave spectrum consisting of the privileged class of cnoidal electron and ion hole equilibria. They have been termed a long time ago as Langmuir, slow electron acoustic, ion acoustic, and slow ion acoustic. As a consequence, Landau's theory of plasma instability is rendered inadequate since at the threshold, the nonlinearly updated wave solution has to be taken into account rather than Landau's linear one. Landau's l...


The passage preliminary study to the deposition rate,water depth and sedimentary environment of western mud area of south Yellow Sea combined with the corresponding AMS 14Cdata since 6.8kaBP,through analyze to the benthic foraminifera of core YS01A.The results show that:First,the benthic foraminifera of core YS01Ais abundant,mainly with continental shelf and shallow water species,lack of warm-adapted species.Two,the average deposition rate of the core reach 1.29mm/a,which is higher than that in other regions of mud areas.Third,the water depth increased gradually 3.2 kaBP,and reached the maximum depth in 3.2kaBP,then become shallow by degrees.Fourth,the region was strongly affected by Yellow Sea coastal current before 5.6kaBP,the water temperature and salinity are low.Between 5.6kaBP and 4.8kaBP,the Yellow Sea coastal current became weaken otherwise the Yellow Sea cold water mass enhancement,with the increased water temperature and salinity.The environment is basically the same to now from 4.8kaBP.


Background & objectives: Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases and the leading cause of death among women worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of five weeks of endurance training in combination with curcumin on the cancer progression, intratumoral gene expression of angiomiR-126 and Angiopoietin-1 in breast cancer bearing female BALB/c mice. Methods: The present study was an experimental study. 4T1 breast cancer was transplanted into forty female BALB/c mice. Afterward, they were randomly divided into four groups including, a control group (C), an endurance training group (E), an endurance training along with curcumin (EC) and curcumin group (CC). E and EC groups performed 40 min at a constant running intensity corresponding to 60-65% vVo2peak at 0% inclination, 5 weeks (five days a week). CC and EC groups were treated by oral gavage with curcumin for five weeks (six days a week). Then, tumor tissue of all mice was extracted 24 hour after the last training session. Gene expression levels of miR-126 and angiopoietin-1 were determined by qRealtime PCR. Statistical data values were also measured by One-way ANOVA. Results: The results showed a significant inhibition of cancer growth, increased gene expression of miR-126 (p<0.001) and decreased angiopoietin-1 gene expression (p<0.001) in E, CC, and especially E-C compared to control group. All of these changes were significantly greater in the EC group than in the other intervention groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that five weeks of endurance training with curcumin supplementation possibly have a further effect on decreasing breast cancer mass growth by inhibiting miR-126 /angiopoietin-1 axis compared to other interventions alone.


The hypothesis of a Hamito-Semitic (or Afro-Asiatic) substratum in the Insular Celtic languages elaborated successively by Morris Jones, Pokorny and Wagner to explain striking structural resemblances between Insular Celtic and Hamito-Semitic is enjoying a revival. Linguists have generally assumed that the parallels between Insular Celtic and Hamito-Semitic are to be explained in terms of Greenbergian typology (all languages of the VSO type). However, recent work by Gensler, and also Jongeling and Vennemann, compels us to revisit the substratum hypothesis. This article presents the main contributions on the question, provides a table showing the principal points of similarity by author and language, briefly comments on each of these points, and, regretting the reluctance of substratalists to consider typological explanations, sounds a note of caution against what might be termed 'substratum frenzy'.


Thank you for reading controversial issues in child development. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen readings like this controversial issues in child development, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful virus inside their laptop. controversial issues in child development is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the controversial issues in child development is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The Qualification Evaluation is an important part of construction project bidding activities. It can effectively improve the work efficiency of the bidding, reduce the bidding risk and ensure the smooth conduct of the bidding. Beijing is more rapid development of economic construction of the region. A large number of construction projects to public tender, and a large number of excellent engineering and contracting unit to participate in the bidding competition. Degree of standardization of the Qualification Evaluation system is related to its ability to play its due role. This article is to start from the concepts and procedures of the Qualification Evaluation. Using questionnaire method, this paper analyzes the current state of the Beijing project bidding Qualification Evaluation in-depth. It highlights their Qualification Evaluation requirements and the main problems. On this basis, it studies the domestic and international parts of Qualification Evaluation requirements and characteristics through comparative analysis. Finally, it puts forward suggestions and opinions on Beijing Qualification Evaluation requirements from the accreditation process, content and methods. Keywords: Bidding; Qualification evaluation; Prequalification


ABSTRACT Purchasing a house in origin cities or towns has become a new trend in housing trajectories for rural migrants in China, whereas previous studies focus mainly on determinants of housing tenure for rural migrants in urban destinations. Using a recent national survey called the National Migrants Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey (NMPDMS), the present study applies a recursive multivariate probit model to explore the determinants of migrants' housing trajectories in the nexus of quasitransnationalism and integration. The results indicate that ties to urban destinations and ties to the hometown have a significant effect on housing attainments between urban destinations and the hometown. Rural migrants with closer ties to urban destinations and weaker ties to the hometown are more likely to be homeowners in the urban destinations. Conversely, they are more prone to make housing investments in the hometown. Both hometown housing activities of having bought a house in the origin city or town and having rebuilt a house in the origin village have significantly negative effects on homeownership in urban destinations, and the housing activity of having rebuilt a house in the origin village also has a significant negative effect on housing purchase in the origin city or town.


Background: Femoral shaft fractures in children are serious injuries requiring hospitalisation. Different fixation methods were described. Aim: We present a novel technique using external fixator to facilitate and control the reduction intraoperatively, which would allow for easier sub muscular plate application . Methods: We have retrospectively reviewed five boys and five girls. Polyaxial clamps and rods were applied to the sagittally-oriented bone screws, the reduction was done manually, and the clamps were tightened after achieving the proper alignment. The sub muscular plate was applied, and then clamps and bone screws were removed. Results: The mean age at surgery was 12 years. The mean body weight was 42 kg. There were six type A fractures, two type B and two type C. The mean preoperative haemoglobin concentration was 12.29 g/dl. No blood transfusion was needed. The operative time averaged 122 minutes, and the mean hospital stay after was 2 days. The patients reported no pain at a mean of 1.6 weeks. All fractures united, without neither malalignment nor length discrepancy, at a mean of 8.3 weeks (range 6-12 weeks). Neither wound healing problems nor deep infections happened. Conclusion: External fixator-assisted internal fixation of paediatric femoral fractures would facilitate the accuracy and control of fracture reduction and allow minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis.


Vegetation types of six habitats of Rhinopithecus bieti were investigated.Through investigation on 60 sampling routes, the statistic data were analyzed by using the method of cluster analysis.In according to the standard in China Vegetation,the vegetation of Rhinopithecus bieti habitat were classified into 4 vegetation type groups,10 vegetation types,15 subvegetation types and 47 formation groups.The structure and composition of five dominant vegetation types in habitat were described in detail.


A dog, which had been fed for two days with 1,000 gm. of meat daily at 8 a.m. and which had had at 5 p.m. on the same two preceding days the usual standard diet containing about 70 gm. of carbohydrate, was given 1,000 gm. of meat at 8 a.m. The respiratory quotients for the fifth, sixth and seventh hours after giving this quantity of meat were 0.842, 0.845 and 0.845. Computed on the basis of the metabolism of protein which is the equivalent of 1.44 gm. of urinary nitrogen per hour, there appeared to be a retention of material derived from protein which, if it had been burned, would have shown respiratory quotients in the successive hours of 0.708, 0.688 and 0.685. This indicates that the carbon-containing material derived from protein which was retained in the body had a respiratory quotient approximately the same as that of fat. For the three hours by direct calorimetry 85.32 calories were found. By indirect calorimetry, if the retained carbon be calculated as having been deposited in the form of fat, 83.58 calories may be calculated as the heat which should have been expected to arise under those circumstances. Had the carbon been retained as glycogen the calculated heat production would have been greater (about 4 calories per hour). This work confirms in three successive hourly periods the work previously published by Atkinson and Lusk1 concerning the formation of fat from protein under experimental conditions similar to the ones here described. The experimental data follow:


The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate dosage, time and method of diagnosing pregnancy in Balinese cattle using a mixture of urine and aquadest which was reacted with Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4). This research was conducted in February - March 2018 in Bongo village, Wonosari sub-district, Boalemo Regency, Gorontalo Province. The material used is urine urine samples, which have been artificially inseminated. Concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) of 0.3 ml, 0.5 ml, 0.7 ml, 0.9 and 0.11 ml (according to treatment). The variables observed were fluorescence gas in solution, change in color of solution, time of change in solution. Data were analyzed using unidirectional variance analysis. The results showed pregnancy detection in Balinese cows who had been on IB in each treatment gave a very significant effect (P 0.01. The results of the BNT test revealed that the age of 6 days had the fastest time in detecting pregnancy with ± 6 seconds, at age 11 and 16 days have the fastest time in detecting pregnancy, with an average time of ± 5 seconds the pregnancy can be detected.


Applicability of magnesium oxide as a neutralizing agent in mine water disposal has been investigated using an artificial mine water containing ferrous iron of 1,000 mg dm-3 in terms of the reagent dosage and the reaction time. Ferrous ions were more effectively oxidized to ferric ions by aeration of the solution in the presence of magnesium oxide than by that in the presence of limestone. Aeration of the solution decreased the magnesium oxide dosage and the reaction time required for lowering the iron concentration to the acceptable value. Furthermore, recycling of the sludge showed the effects of reduction of the reagent dosage, shortening of the reaction time and densification of the sludge. Sludge recycle processes without and with aeration formed a sludge with the solid concentration of 0.155 and 0.373 g cm-3 by the addition of magnesium oxide of 1.25 and 1.5 equivalents for ferrous iron and sulfuric acid in the solution, respectively. In both processes, the reaction times were 30 minutes.


The lithostratigraphy of the Cretaceous rocks of the Benbow Inlier is described based on new geological mapping. The succession is some 6,500 m thick and includes rocks ranging in age from Valanginian or Hauterivian to Cenomanian or Turonian. Ages are determined based on previous macrofossil and nanofossil reports and the relationships between units. The Devils Racecourse Group (changed rank) contains nine formations (from the base up): Cistern Formation (new name: 1,600 m of lavas); Redwood Formation (new name: 510 m of conglomerates with minor lava); Jubilee Formation (equivalent to the Bonnett, Copper and Phillipsburg limestones: 100-375 m of limestones interbedded with clastics and minor lavas); Boozy Ridge Formation (new name: 510 m of shales, sandstones and conglomerates with minor lava); Benbow Formation (changed rank: 400 m of limestones); Ragville Formation (new name: 280 m of pillow lavas); Burtons Formation (new name: 10 m of limestones); Golden Grove Formation (new name: 430 m of pillow lavas); and Airy Mount Formation (new name: 350 m of conglomerates). The Devils Racecourse Group is succeeded by the Seafield Formation (changed rank: 320 m of limestones and interbeded shales, sandstones and conglomerates), Rio Nuevo Formation (1,150 m of shales with minor sandstones and conglomerates) and the Tiber Formation (600 m of conglomerates and lavas).


The search of a smartphone, by the police, in connection with an arrest, carries the potential to intrude into the very core of an arrestee's private life. Indeed, such a search has been compared to providing a "window[] to our inner private lives," including aspects of our lives completely disconnected from the reasons for the arrest. In recent years, the supreme courts of the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands (as well as Dutch legislators) have handed down rules about how, and whether, police may search an arrestee's smartphone upon arrest without first obtaining a warrant or other court order. These responses can be categorized as either container-based or content-based approaches, depending on whether the court (or legislature) focuses on protecting the privacy-sensitive content (i.e., personal information) as such or, rather, the container (i.e., the smartphone) as a proxy for protecting the privacy-sensitive content (typically) contained within the device. After analyzing and comparing the approaches adopted in each of these three countries, we argue that both approaches have advantages and disadvantages, and we suggest a combination of the two as a fruitful path forward, balancing the important privacy and law enforcement interests at stake.


The report of the 18th Congress of CPC states that the government should make efforts to solve the problem of distribution gap in national income and let all the people benefit from the fruits of development widely and justly.The theory of Kuznets Inverse U Curve explains that a country's income gap may experience a process from expansion to constriction.Through the analysis of the current situation that China's national income gap keeps expanding,this paper tries to point out that the labor market segmentation,the defective market mechanism,the current situation of China's economic development and many other elements simultaneously cause the current situation of national income gap,which is still in the process of expanding.The solutions,including the reform of labor market,the quadratic distribution of the national income,and the increase of the percentage of middle income group,may help to improve justice and efficiency of income distribution and avoid the middle income trap appeared in Latin American countries.


O 4 and 5 October two teams of Ayr High students from Years 10, 11 and 12 participated in the 2014 Burdekin Relay for Life at Rugby Park. During the event students walked team batons around the field throughout the night and took part in organised activities that celebrated survivors, remembered those that have passed and those who have fought back against cancer. The relay was the culmination of the Year 11 cohort's chosen community event. Team members and Year 11 students began raising funds in term 2 with a chocolate drive. Further fundraising, donations and a generous sponsorship from Parkside Group has raised over $2400 for the Cancer Council. Students have enjoyed the opportunity to be part of the local community in such a worthwhile cause.


The complete phase diagram of the Kitaev model with a magnetic field remains elusive, as do the experimental results in the candidate material {\alpha}-RuCl3. Here, we study the Kitaev model on a one-dimensional ladder setting within the density-matrix renormalization group method in the presence of a magnetic field at zero temperature. We find five distinct phases with increasing magnetic field, which are characterized by a homogeneous flux phase, the Z2 vortex gas, solid and emergent glass phase, and finally, a spin-polarized phase. The emergent glassiness is confirmed by calculating correlation functions showing quasi-long-range behavior and ground state fidelity, showing a plethora of energetically accessible orthogonal saddle points corresponding to different flux configurations. This glassy behavior seems to arise from the slow dynamics of the Z2 fluxes, which is a consequence of the local constraints present in the underlying Hilbert space. This phenomenon can also be explored in other spin-liquid systems where the corresponding low-energy excitations are similarly retarded due to constraints.


To the Editor .—The article (by Hayford et al) entitled "Cardiac Function in Primary Hypothyroidism" (Journal1980;134:556-559) was of interest to us. However, the reported results are not consistent with ours. We have also examined systolic time intervals (STIs): left ventricular ejection time (ET), pre-ejection period (PEP), and PEP/ET by using standard echocardiography (according to the methods of Hirschfeld) in nine hypothyroid children (seven were younger than 1 year, and two were 1 and 5 years of age, respectively), three hyperthyroid (age, 10 to 14 years), and 45 normal children (18 were younger than 1 year of age, ten were 1 to 5 years of age, nine were 10 to 15 years of age). Prolongation of PEP/ET was seen in hypothyroid children and its shortening was noted in hyperthyroid children when compared with normal infants and children of the same age. Moreover, many serial studies of systolic time intervals in


This chapter proposes that Eudora Welty's "Negro State Fair Parade" photographs of Jackson during the 1930s capture not only the segregated practices and spaces of the American South but also the transgressive rituals and transformative performances of an increasingly socially mobile black culture. These photographs, many of them never before published, display the tensions between cultural integration and racial segregation, and they speak sharply and sometimes humorously to the immediate political and economic contexts. Welty captures new African-American middle class opportunities in photographs that display long-standing black professions such as the burial and beauty parlor business, but also aspirations for upper middle-class vocations. Together these photos depict boisterous African American men and dignified women whose access to parade floats and cars indicates a new kind of racial and social mobility in the segregated southern cityscape. Welty creates a visual record of the act of claiming public space as she zooms in on various strategies of African American self-fashioning.


A comparison is presented of the total kinetic energy and yield distributions for /sup 252/Cf spontaneous fission and /sup 252/Cf excited to 5--9 MeV via a /sup 250/Cf(t, pf) reaction. Systematic differences are observed between trends in these data and similar results for lighter actinides.


Objective: To investigate the artifacts on T2 MI phase in MRI examination of patients of scoliosis and deformity of cleft and diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diastematomyelia malformation. Methods: To retrospectively analyze the artifacts on axial T2 WI phase of 44 patients of scoliosis who were confirmed by operation. Results:All the artifacts occurred in the bend of spinal column side in all 44 patients.In these patients,6 cases of diastematomyelia artifacts were located in the thoracic spinal cord, and 24 cases in 26 cases of the wheel shaped artifacts were located in the thoracic spinal cord,2 cases of which were located in the first lumbar vertebra level, and diastematomyelia artifacts and wheel shaped artifacts occurred in 12 cases at the same time. Diastematomyelia artifacts appeared as thready and high signals in spinal cord on T2 WI phase, some lines of high signals of which appeared in irregular shape. The wheel shaped artifacts appeared as many stenopaic and radial artifacts on T2 WI phase in spinal cord and spinal canal.Conclusion: It is easy to appear diastematomyelia artifacts at the slide bend on T2 WI phase in MRI examination in patients with scoliosis, so we should make identification with MRI images of multiple sequence to reduce misdiagnosis.


This book is a collection of essays from scholars at Singapore Management University School of Law analysing the challenges and implications of COVID-19 from the perspective of different areas of law, including private law, corporate law, insolvency law, data protection, financial laws, public law, privacy law, commercial law, constitutional law, law and technology, and dispute resolution. It also analyses how the COVID-19 pandemic will affect the judicial system, the study of law, and the future of the legal profession. Beyond considerations of the pandemic's influence on law and legal service delivery the authors consider how law can help facilitate the orderly transition to a sustainable future – the new normal.


This study questions how the mood and affective reactions of the interpreter and the therapist affect the therapeutic process. Professional sign language interpreters are trained to be impartial conduits who neither add nor subtract from the primary dyadic relationship. This study revealed that despondent interpreter mood caused significant negative mood changes in the deaf participant even when the therapist mood was neutral/cheerful. Practicing psychologists need to consider the susceptibility of deaf clients to the nonverbal mood presentation of sign language interpreters and its implications on the therapeutic alliance.


It is proved that if H=−∇2+q(x)≥0, Im q=0, ‖q(x)‖≤c(1+‖x‖)−a, c=const>0, a>2, then zero is not an eigenvalue of H. An example is given of H≥0, with zero a resonance (half‐bound state) and q=q(‖x‖) compactly supported and integrable. An example of a potential q=O(r−2) is known, for which H≥0 and zero is an eigenvalue. This shows that a>2 is the optimal condition for zero not to be an eigenvalue of H≥0. If the condition H≥0 does not hold and H is an operator in L2(R3), then zero can be an eigenvalue even if q∈C∞0. If H is an operator in L2(R1) or in L2(R1+), R1+ =[0,∞), then zero cannot be an eigenvalue of H provided that a>2; here conditions H≥0 and Im q=0 can be dropped. Global estimates of the Green's function of H from below and above are given.


We study the parameter dependence of numerical results obtained by the tensor renormalization group. We often observe irregular behavior as the parameters are varied with the method. Using the two-dimensional Ising model we explicitly show that the sharp cutoff used in the truncated singular value decomposition causes this unwanted behavior when the level crossing happens between singular values below and above the truncation order as the parameters are varied. We also test a smooth cutoff, instead of the sharp one, as a truncation scheme and discuss its effects.


Aims: The importance of nutritional and environmental factors in the production of microbial enzymes cannot be overemphasized. Hence, endo-β-mannanase production was systematically studied in a step-wise approach of building up on the experimentally observed conditions favouring the production of this enzyme in Aspergillus flavus PT7.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, between January 2018 and December 2018.
Methodology: Thirty-eight (38) fungal isolates obtained were screened for mannolytic ability using standard method. The highest producer of endo-β-mannasase was subjected to various production conditions by adjusting the nutritional and environmental factors in view of optimizing the production of this enzyme in the isolate Aspergillus flavus PT7.
Results: Copra meal was the highest inducer of mannanase production in the isolate at enzyme activity of 85.86±3.93 U/gds. Production increased to 94.54±0.42 when all forms of extraneous nitrogen sources were excluded from the production medium. pH 5.0, temperature 30°C, moisture content at 100% v/w and inoculum size of 8.0% v/w led to the increase in production by 44% (enzyme activity of 153.24±5.69 U/gds) in 5 days of incubation. Allowing the production set up additional two (2) days led to production increase with a recorded enzyme activity of 170.34±4.35 U/gds. Production of endo-β-mannanase in A. flavus PT7 was observed to be inductive as the presence of simple sugars like glucose, galactose, arabinose and xylose led to extended lag period in the production of the enzymes by the isolate.
Conclusion: Production of endo-β-mannanase by Aspergillus flavus PT7 was successfully optimized in a step-wise and systematic experimental study of the nutritional and environmental growth conditions of the isolate.


During the interwar period, associations that evoked rural life in nostalgic and identity tones proliferated in urban and semi-urban spaces in different regions of Mexico and Rio de la Plata. This article explores the relationships between the traditionalists of Mexico, Argentina and Uruguay and the cultural industries. More than the uses and appropriations of cinema, radio and theater, it focuses on the reactive criticisms generated from these groups. Its official publications and specialized magazines are the main sources of this research. 'Charros' and 'gauchos' rehearsed different criticisms of what they understood as misrepresentations of their figures in mass cultural products. The purpose of this work is to present a more complex reading that seeks to problematize that apparent relationship of opposition between the traditionalists, who disputed the legitimacy of these representations, and the cinematographic, musical and theatrical productions.


Main outcome measure(s) The patients were asked to rate their facial function according to the House-Brackmann grading scale, and whether they found facial palsy to be a great problem in their present situation. From patient files and the questionnaire, information was retrieved on prior surgical treatment for the sequelae of facial palsy. Patients were asked about their interest in surgical treatment for their impaired facial nerve function.


Introduction: In revision total hip surgery, extensively coated prostheses are commonly implanted in an attempt to stabilize the prosthesis within the femoral diaphysis. Typically, the rough distal stem of the device is driven into the slightly undersized canal, thereby creating an interference fit to resist torsional loading. Although this method of implant fixation is often successful, the revision femur often presents a limited area for implant contact. Moreover, the ingrowth coatings used within the body have been selected to promote bony ingrowth, regardless of the strength of the interfaces formed at the moment of implantation. This study was conducted to determine the minimum length of stem/bone contact necessary to provide adequate distal fixation in the revision femur. Material and Methods: Cylindrical test specimens of two popular ingrowth coatings were fabricated from commercially available femoral stems: (1) plasma sprayed titanium (diameters=14.0 & 15.5mm) and (2) cobaltchromium beads (Porocoat, DePuy Inc.), (stem diameters=13.5 & 15.0mm). Cadaveric femora were selected on the basis of radiographic measurements of the canal diameter performed on standard AP and lateral radiographs. Each specimen was sectioned 60mm below the lesser trochanter to provide an 80mm tube of diaphyseal bone. The medullary canals were reamed using straight rigid reamers to provide 0.5mm of press-fit interference (0.25mm per side). Following preparation, the potted specimens were placed on a floating platform of a servohydraulic testing machine (MTS Corp, MN). Each stem was inserted under machine control to a depth of 20mm at a rate of 10mm per second while the insertion force was recorded. Each specimen was loaded in unidirectional cyclic torsion (0.5Hz) using a ramping amplitude function which increased the peak torque by 1 Nm per cycle. Loading was performed to a maximum torque of 40Nm or until 100 μm of motion was detected at the stem/bone interface The entire test procedure was conducted in each femur with the stems inserted to depths of 20, 40 and 60mm. After the torsional testing was completed, the force required to extract each implant from the femur was also recorded. Data was tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test and analyzed for significant differences between the insertion depths with ANOVA and Unpaired t-test. Results: The average forces required to insert the plasma-sprayed stems to depths of 20,40,and 60 mm were 633 ± 137N, 1963 ± 304N, and 3614 ± 607N, respectively (fig.1). The forces required to insert the porous coated stems were 1959±398N, 2239±397N, and 3064±557N at each of the depths examined, (p = .5846). The torque required to produce 100μm of interface motion of the plasma spray coated stems was 6.1 ± 1.7Nm, 19.1 ± 4.4 and 28.4 ± 3.7Nm at 20,40, and 60 mm. The corresponding values for the porous coated stems were 13.2 ± 2.4Nm, 13.7 ± 3.0Nm and 15.9 ± 3.0Nm (fig. 2). The difference between the torsional resistance and the two coatings became close to statistical significance at 20mm (p=0.0546), was not significant at 40mm (p=0.296) and was significant at 60mm (p=0.0186). At 60mm, the strength of the interfaces formed by the plasma spray coated specimens exceeded the porours coated specimens by 81%. The strength of the porous coated interfaces did not increase significantly with depth of insertion (p>0.5). In contrast there was a statistically significant correlation between the strength of the plasma spray interfaces and insertion depth (p<0.0001). Extraction forces recorded with the plasma spray specimens were 50% higher than the porous coated specimens. Discussion: In cases of revised total hip replacements with structual deficiency of the proximal femur, the distal stem/bone interface must provide stable fixation in the face of torsional loads of at least 25Nm during routine daily activities. On the basis of our results, this level of torsional resistance is provided by the plasma spray coated stems if inserted to a depth of 50mm, but not by the porous coated specimens at 60mm. An interesting finding of this study is that the beaded coating generated minimal increases in torsional resistance with increased depth of insertion. This suggests that only the distal region of the coating forms an effective interface with cortical bone presumably because the medullary surface located more proximally is eroded as the coating passes down the canal. In conclusion, in revision cases in which torsional resistance and distal bony ingrowth is are primary goals, a plasmaspray coated prosthesis will provide superior diaphyseal fixation, however, at least of 50mm of diaphyseal contact must be available for distal implant fixation.


Therapy with water-filtered infrared-A-radiation (wIRA) represents a substantial improvement in heat treatment and therapy over conventional infrared radiation. The deeper heat penetration obtained with wIRA leads to a number of well-documented phenomena; increased blood circulation, muscle detonisation, anti-inflammatory effects, and pain alleviation. Recently obtained scientific data have demonstrated further benefits of wIRA radiation: enhanced protection against subsequent oxidative stress (e.g. UV radiation) in skin cells, dramatic increase in epidermal tissues of cellular parameters involved in wound healing processes such as ferritin. Some results indicate a higher level of energy generation in cells during wIRA radiation. wIRA radiation has been shown to be a very favourable heat source for thermal protection of preterm neonates. Undesirable side effects have not been described for wIRA radiation. Traditionally infrared radiation is graded as -A, -B, and -C according to the range of wavelengths emitted. The therapeutically useful and deeper penetrating range of infrared is mainly infrared-A. Its separation can be obtained using water as a filter in the radiation path, reproducing the filtering of the sun´s radiation by the humid atmosphere. Because of the ongoing discussion on infrared radiation in the press and, because of the new therapeutic aspects is it necessary for professionals to update their knowledge of the technological potentials of water filtering, and of the benefits of wIRA radiation.


Innovative digital technologies and ever-changing business environment have and will continue to transform businesses and industries around the world. This transformation will be even more evident in view of forthcoming technological breakthroughs, and advances in big data analytics, machine learning algorithms, cloud-computing solutions, artificial intelligence, internet of things, and the like. As we live in a data-driven world, technologies are altering work and work-related activities, and everyday activities and interactions. This paper is focused on big data and big data analytics (BDA), which are viewed in the paper from organisational perspective, as a means of improving firm performance and competitiveness. Based on a review of selected literature and researches, the paper aims to explore the extent to which big data analytics is utilized in companies, and to highlight the valuable role big data analytics may play in achieving better business outcomes. Furthermore, the paper briefly presents main challenges that accompany the adoption of big data analytics in companies.


When the power transformer is connected to the power grid, a surge of inrush current may occur as a result of the residual flux. In order to mitigate this effect, the measurement of residual flux is necessary. In this article, a method for measuring the residual flux of ferromagnets was proposed, utilizing magnetic sensors and a finite-element model. Residual flux originated from residual magnetization, which could be obtained from a matrix of spatial magnetic flux density measured by sensors and the conversion matrix calculated from the finite-element model. By combining the residual magnetization with the background magnetic field, the residual flux could be determined. The experimental results confirmed the accuracy of the proposed method, which was particularly suited for measuring nonuniform residual flux, and also enabled the determination of residual flux direction. In comparison to existing methods, this approach offered significant advantages.


The present invention relates to an oral X-ray sensor (intraoral X-ray sensor) for the X-ray imaging of structures inside the oral cavity, and more particularly relates to an oral X-ray sensor having waterproof functionality whereby a liquid such as a patient's saliva or a cleaning fluid can be prevented from penetrating into same. More specifically, the present invention provides an oral X-ray sensor comprising: an upper cover; an image sensor; a lower cover which is coupled to the upper cover, with the image sensor placed in between; and a cable which passes through the upper cover and is electrically linked to the image sensor; wherein the upper cover and the lower cover are coupled by means of a mating structure at the side surface of the image sensor, and said oral X-ray sensor also comprises a waterproof member which surrounds either part or the whole of the side surfaces of the upper cover and the lower cover so as to overlie the mating structure of the upper cover and the lower cover.


Synthesis of nanocrystalline LaFeO3 with fine particle size by a simple combustion method employing urea and polyvinyl alcohol as combustion fuels without using water or any other solvent is reported. Rietveld structural refinement analysis of the powder X-ray diffraction data indicates that LaFeO3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic perovskite structure with space group Pbnm. The values of unit cell volume and X-ray density of the samples remain almost constant, indicating the efficiency of the combustion method. The average grain size of LaFeO3 powders obtained with urea as a fuel is smaller, while the specific surface area is larger than that of the nanopowder obtained with polyvinyl alcohol. Both the phases show antiferromagnetic behavior and antiferromagnetic interactions are dominant in the phase synthesized by polyvinyl alcohol. Anti-ferromagnetic behavior of the samples may be due to super-exchange Fe3+–O2-–Fe3+ interactions.


IF ONLY student writing didn't demand so much of my time and effort in guidance and evaluation, I would assign more writing." Most history instructors have no doubt said this or experienced the feeling. Yet they recognize the enormous value of essay writing as a teaching and learning technique. Many agree that it helps students perhaps better than any other method to absorb material and develop their own understanding of its significance. But grading papers takes an enormous amount of time. It is intellectual drudgery to read essentially the same material and to correct the same errors again and again. In the process objectivity diminishes, for the eye for standards frequently shifts, becoming harder or more lenient before the last paper is graded. And after it is over, a frequently heard response is the complaint, "I didn't understand what you wanted." Most instructors fail to articulate the standards they use in a way that students can comprehend. Report and essay writing consequently is often kept to a minimum, with the benefits that potentially can accrue from preparing papers unrealized.


An experimental investigation was made of the internal friction, and of elastic and photoelastic properties of a mercury diiodide crystal subjected to ultrasound of amplitudes from 10 −7 to 10 −5 . A photoacoustic effect was discovered: it was manifested by a change in the attenuation of ultrasound and of the effective Young modulus under the influence of light (from the ultraviolet or visible parts of the spectrum). The spectral characteristics of the photoacoustic effect was investigated in the region of amplitude-independent absorption. The observed phenomena were attributed to the formation or disappearance (under the influence of light) of long-lived obstacles (centers) to the motion of dislocations vibrating under the influence of ultrasound


Tristeza disease of citrus (CTV) occurred heavily in the Ribera Alta areas of the Jucar Valley (Valencia) beginning in 1957. From that time an estimated 10 million trees grafted on sour orange have been killed. Most of them were in the Valencian Community (VC), which is composed of Alicante, Castellon, and Valencia, where about 160,000 ha (approximately 64 million trees) are planted. Only 20% of these trees are grafted on tolerant rootstocks. To determine the real incidence of CTV, an infection map was made by random sampling 0.1% of the trees in Alicante (15,705), Castellon (15,915) and Valericia (33,000). Diagnosis of CTV was done by ELISA-DAS using CTV-specific monoclonal antibodies. The selection of sampling fields was randomized and proportional to the citrus areas on aerial photographs. Three young shoots, about 10-15 cm long, were collected from each tree. The sample collection method, their transport to the laboratory, and analysis were standardized and the field data, together with the final diagnosis were included in a computerized databank. Preliminary data from 80% of the samples indicate that 8.5% of the hectarage does not appear to be diseased; that on 60.4% the incidence of infected trees is lower than 10%; that on 25.3% the incidence varies from 10% to 50%; and on 5.8% of the total hectarage in the VC, the incidence of infected trees is higher than 50%. Index words. Disease surveys, ELISA, monoclonal antibodies, decline, sour orange, sampling


The lignan content of Linum olympicum Boiss. was investigated by HPLC and GC-MS in comparison with standards, and 2 phenylpropanoid glycosides, syringin (1) and coniferin (2), were isolated from the aerial parts. Identification of the 2 compounds was achieved by comparison with standards using TLC and HPLC and the structures of the isolated compounds were established by UV and 1H-NMR analysis.


Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of renal tuberculosis(TB).Methods A retrospective study was made on 39 cases.Results Irritation and hematuria were the most common symptoms.The positive results of acid-fast stains were 9 cases,at the same time,35cases were examined by urinary TB-PCR,and 20 had the positive results.32 of 39 cases had the positive changes in the examination of urography.The diagnosis accuracy of B-type ultrasonography and CT were14 cases and 33 cases,respectively.12 cases were treated with medicine and all of them were cured;27 cases were treated with operation and all were proved by pathologic diagnosis.Conclusion Acid-fast stains remains an important pathogen-detecting tool;Urinary TB-PCR is the major diagnosis instrument before operation;IVU and B-type ultrasonography are the first choice for imaging diagnosis,and CT scan is helpful sometimes.When surgical intervention is needed,nephrectomy and patial ureterectomy is the first choice.


Nanocatalytic therapy, based on the nanozyme-triggered production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor microenvironment (TME), has demonstrated potential in tumor therapy, but nanozymes still face challenges of activity and specificity that compromise the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we develop an innovative strategy using a single-atom nanozyme to initiate cascade enzymatic reactions in TME for tumor-specific treatment. The cobalt (Co)-single-atom nanozyme, with Co- N coordination on N -doped porous carbon ( Co-SAs@NC ), displays catalase-like activity that decompose cellular endogenous H 2 O 2 to produce O 2 , and subsequent oxidase-like activity that converts O 2 into cytotoxic superoxide radicals to efficiently kill tumor cells. By incorporation with doxorubicin, the therapy achieves a significantly enhanced antitumor effect in vivo . Our findings show that cascade TME-specific catalytic therapy combining with chemotherapy is a promising strategy for efficient tumor therapy.


We consider a multi-stage inventory system with stochastic demand and processing capacity constraints at each stage, for both finite-horizon and infinite-horizon, discounted-cost settings. For a class of such systems characterized by having the smallest capacity at the most downstream stage and system utilization above a certain threshold, we identify the structure of the optimal policy, which represents a novel variation of the order-up-to policy. We find the explicit functional form of the optimal order-up-to levels, and show that they depend (only) on upstream echelon inventories. We establish that, above the threshold utilization, this optimal policy achieves the decomposition of the multidimensional objective cost function for the system into a sum of single-dimensional convex optimization subproblems. This decomposition eliminates the curse of dimensionality and allows us to numerically solve the problem. We provide a fast algorithm to determine a (tight) upper bound on this threshold utilization for capacity-constrained inventory problems with an arbitrary number of stages. We make use of the algorithm to quantify upper bounds on the threshold utilization for three-, four-, and five-stage capacitated systems over a range of model parameters, and discuss insights that emerge.

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We describe two new techniques for measuring the Hall effect in capped rare earth films during hydriding. In one, we simultaneously measure resistivity and the Hall coefficient for a rare earth film covered with four different thicknesses of Pd, recovering the charge transport quantities for both materials. In the second technique, we replace Pd with Mn as the covering layer. We will present results from both techniques.


Corrosion of materials not only accounts for about 3 to 4% of economic losses in GDP in an industrial nation, but it also contributes significantly to greenhouse emissions and climate change because material production is one of the largest greenhouse emitters [...].


Based on the discussion about the concept and the meaning of the water resource carrying capacity and the forecast of water's quantity in different sections of Jiangxi province,this paper analyzes and appraises Jiangxi province's water resource carrying capacity.Some factors that restrict Jiangxi province's sustainable development are analyzed and some feasible solutions are put forward.


The incidence of fungal and parasitic lesions has been on the rise over the decades. In our study, we assessed and studied the spectrum of fungal and parasitic lesions retrospectively for one year and their clinicopathological correlation which was diagnosed on histopathological examination in a tertiary health care center. The present study has been done to analyze the incidence of fungal and parasitic infections obtained in the histopathology laboratory and study its clinical correlation and significance. Clinical details of the cases were accessed from biopsy requisition forms and included tissues from various sites in the body. Special stains were done which included periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Grocott's methenamine silver (GMS) for the identification of parasites and fungus. A total of 49 cases including 39 fungal infections and 10 parasitic cases. The fungal infections were dominated by 19 cases of phaeohyphomycosis followed by8 cases of candidiasis, 4 cases each of mucormycosis, eumycetoma, and 2cases of aspergillosis, and in the case of each rhinosporidiosis and sporotrichosis. The parasitic category included 3 cases of Hydatid cyst, 2 cases of Enterobiusvermicularis, and one case of filariasis, tapeworm, and neurocysticercosis. The histopathological diagnosis of fungal and parasitic lesions is of utmost importance as it is more reliable than culture in circumstances of reduced tissue availability. Early reporting is extremely necessary to reduce complications related to fungal and parasitic lesions.


It is offered on the basis of the carried out analysis of mechanical and structural properties of natural bone creation of model of a composite material with the high module of elasticity and durability.


Edited by C G Stack, P Dobbs. London: Greenwich Medical Media Limited, 2004, £14.50, pp 222. ISBN 1 84110 053 6

The "Lecture Notes" series of books never really struck me as being well named. Sure, they were short books, but they were nothing like the lecture notes I would make. Following this logic, perhaps Essentials of paediatric intensive care could be renamed as Lecture notes… This is a very concise textbook, using lists and bullet points wherever possible to present a great deal of information. There is little straight text. The feeling is that of reading lecture notes …


Io the process of gmobalization,English has developed into a diversity of regional varieties.The study of them should deserve more attention.This author takes a lexical view to the inner,outer and expanding circles outside Britain and presents the actual presence of nativized characteristics in them.He analyses the causes of nativization and depicts its tendency and features in development.As he asserts,nativization goes with globalization,and the former is a destined result of English use among a non-English culture and serves to create better conditions for the development of the local culture.


Abstract Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866) occupies worldwide temperate to tropical forests and suburban areas within its natural and non-native range as a result of human introductions. Given its pest status, several studies of population genetics have been conducted. As a result of an ongoing study, several smaller individuals from southern Thailand exhibited nucleotide differences that were dissimilar to the remaining individuals, thus calling into question the species status of these individuals. We performed a phylogenetic analysis of X. crassiusculus individuals from widely dispersed locations, including an individual from southern Thailand, and a robust sampling of other Xylosandrus Reitter, 1913 species using xyleborine diagnostic genes mtDNA COI and nucDNA CAD. The smaller individual from southern Thailand was sister to the remaining X. crassiusculus individuals and demonstrated >13% and >3% nucleotide difference in COI and CAD sequences, respectively. Upon the examination of type specimens, we confirmed that these smaller X. crassiusculus individuals were indeed Xylosandrus declivigranulatus (Schedl, 1936), status restored, which we resurrect. Its smaller size and pronotum as long as wide diagnose this pseudocryptic species from X. crassiusculus.


The practical meaning and concrete execution of the combination of Listening and oral English course in colleges are illustrated in detail in this article. Emphasis is placed on the improvement of students' oral communication ability together with imparting necessary grammar, lexicology, linguistics and literature knowledge. This is a kind of adaptation to a trend of the increasing global coordination and simultaneous development. And it will contribute to cultivating the qualified resources for our country and the whole world.


Frequency divider circuit is the basic circuit in digital logic circuit. The circuit function is to divide or drop the frequency of the high frequency signal to get the lower frequency signal for a given frequency signal by division. On the Multisim software platform, using different design methods, as the foundation of middle scale integration chip 74LS161, design even frequency divider, odd frequency divider circuit and (N- 0.5) frequency divider circuit respectively. Each circuit design principle and method is illustrated and simulated. The results showed that the design is correct and conform to the proposed requirement. Experimental teaching applications based on Multisim software can improve design efficiency and reduce development time of design systems.


The classical statistical thermodynamics regards as its object the distinguished and approximately indpendandy partical system. We give the classical statistical thermodynamics formula for the system which parficals are undistinguished.


The subject matter of this paper is taking a comprehensive overview of the Brussels negotiations by means of content analysis of the documents undersigned in Brussels in the framework of talks held between Belgrade and Prishtina, with special attention given to the energy aspects of the negotiations, in contests of energy security of the Republic of Serbia.The first part of the paper defines the essence of energy security as well as the concept of energy security of the Republic of Serbia. The second part looks into the process of technical and political negotiations itself, taking stock of the entire course of negotiations undertaken in Brussels, while also focusing on individual areas covered by the Dialogue. The third part of the paper examines the energy aspect of the negotiations, starting from the Brussels Agreement (The First Agreement on Principals Governing the Normalization of relations) and through to the rest of the documents on which Belgrade and Prishtina have agreed. The closing considerations take stock of the overall significance of the "energy" links between Central Serbia and Kosovo and Metohija, the importance of the negotiations, the effects of the undersigned documents, not only in terms of energy security, but also from the point of view of the economic, political and overall security of the Republic Serbia.


This paper summarizes the nursing experience of 21 patients with huge keratocystic odontogenic tumour undergoing the treatment of curettage,decompression and hyperthermic perfusion.With careful preoperative preparation,close intraoperative cooperation with the doctor and postoperative instruction,all the patients recovered with no infections and other postoperative complications,as well as no recurrence within seven years after the surgery.


We and their ap-preciate the opportunity to respond. They highlight a very important issue pertaining to clinical trial design: identification of an appropriate target population best suited to establish interven-tional efficacy. While some would argue that patient recruitment should be restricted as little as possible, others maintain that tight sampling characteristics reduce variance and improve study dis-crimination. Both philosophies have merit; however, in the latter approach lies risk that study results may not be generalized to a 'real-world' population.


In scarlet fever antitoxin we have a specific remedy which cuts short the disease and relieves all of its early manifestations; it lessens the number and severity of the complications and definitely lowers the mortality of the disease. From this it follows that anti-scarlatinal serum should be administered to every case of scarlet fever at the earliest possible moment, regulating the amount of the serum according to the severity of tne attack and repeating the dose promptly if the first dose proves inadequate. Finally the general use of the serum shoul,4 rob the disease of all its terrors and scarlet fever should be added to the ever-lengthening list of diseases colnquered in the progress of medical science.


, 694 (2012); 335  Science et al. Etienne Garand Cold Gas-Phase Complexes Determination of Noncovalent Docking by Infrared Spectroscopy of This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ):  November 11, 2014  www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/content/335/6069/694.full.html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2012/01/19/science.1214948.DC1.html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag.org/content/335/6069/694.full.html#related found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag.org/content/335/6069/694.full.html#ref-list-1 , 5 of which can be accessed free: cites 39 articles This article http://www.sciencemag.org/content/335/6069/694.full.html#related-urls 2 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/collection/chemistry Chemistry subject collections: This article appears in the following


Let Λ be a numerical semigroup and I ⊂ Λ be an ideal of Λ. The graph GI(Λ) assigned to an ideal I of Λ is a graph with elements of (Λ \ I) ∗ as vertices and any two vertices x, y are adjacent if and only if x + y ∈ I. In this paper we give a complete characterization (up to isomorphism ) of the graph GI(Λ) to be planar, where I is an irreducible ideal of Λ. This will finally characterize non planar graphs GI (Λ) corresponding to irreducible ideal I.


Religious pluralism is an important fact, as well as a significant factor, in our society and in our world. However, like many so-called facts, what religious pluralism really means depends not so much on the fact of religious pluralism itself, but upon how one interprets the meaning and significance of this fact. For example, our understanding of the fact of religious pluralism depends, in part at least, upon what is meant by "religious." If "religious" is identified with Christianity or a belief in God, then our conception of religious pluralism includes only those individuals and communities that fit under the umbrella of Chris


There is wide difference in Chinese and western cultures in deep level.Western culture presents strong conflict consciousness,while Chinese culture demonstrates distinct harmony characteristics.This kind of difference exerts great influence on the basic spiritual construction of the military culture of both sides.Different from western culture,the concept of harmony thinking in deep cultural level forms the peace aspiration,temperance consciousness,moral sentiment and democratic spirits of Chinese traditional military science.


Objective To explore the combination of two methods of clinical value,effectiveness evaluation,as well as promote the use of the future.Methods Due to restrictions on the number of cases,this study selected 60 patients,the first group for the treatment of 30 cases,planetary-like ganglion block increases clothes gabapentin.The second group of 20 cases for the control group Wu stellate ganglion block with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkiller.Results The VAS score of the treatment group was less than that in control group and side effects were reduced.Conclusion Stellate ganglion block by Ng gabapentin treatment of head and facial postherpetic neuralgia is a relatively effective treatment method,it is worth popularization and application

Key words:
Postherpetic neuralgia;  Stellate ganglion block;  Pakistan spray Ding


Steganography is the science of hiding secret information in any cover data. It is mainly used for hidden communication between any people. The main aim of steganography concentrates on higher data payload ie., the maximum amount of secret data that can be hidden inside a particular cover media and the invisibility of the hidden data. This paper proposes a new algorithm for the same and the secret data we are hiding is an executable file.


Objective:To study the expression and significance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in endometrial hyperplasia.Methods:PCNA was detected in 52 endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle and various types of endomentrial hyperplasia by immunohistochemical S-P technique.Results:The positive rate of PCNA was lower in endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle especially in proliferative phase than that in the endomentrial hyperplasia,the differences were significant(P0.05) between normal endomentrium and complicated hyperplasia.Conclusions:The increase of PCNA was correlated to the degree of proliferation in endomentrium,which indicated that the detection of PCNA may be helpful to assess the degree of proliferation in endomentrium and the effect of treatment.


This article describes how the current Greek sport-education context seems to offer relatively poor dual-career support in comparison to other available structures in the world. This results in additional obstacles for Greek athletes who wish to educate themselves and an ambiguous prospect for their future. Consequently, the Greek sport-educational context raises serious doubts whether high performance sports and education are compatible.


Taking the theory of learning organization proposed by Peter Sange, the paper attempts to discuss the problem of library construction.


We study compatibility decisions of competing platforms when they generate profits through both hardware sales and royalties from content sales. We show that when the two platforms provide different values to their users, their major sources of profits may differ—one platform may generate most of its profits from hardware sales, while the other's profits will result mostly from royalties of content sales. This difference may give rise to incentives to establish one-way compatibility in a competitive setting: both platforms become more profitable when the platform with greater reliance on content sales allows users of the competing platform to access its content. We relate our results to platform decisions in the e-reader market.


The effect of the chemical composition of seston on the egg-production rates (E,: eggs female-' d') of the copepods Acartia hudsonica Pinhey and Ternora longicornis (Muller) was studied in Long Island Sound, USA, (41" 00' N, 73' 05' W) during spring 1990. The seston was analyzed for carbon, nitrogen, protein, carbohydrate (CHO) and fatty acid content as well as chlorophyll (chl) and ciliate concentrations. Pnncipal component analysis (PCA) revealed significant correlations [score >0.7 on a same principal component (PC)] between in situ E, of the 2 copepod species and the chemical composition of the seston. Protein, C H 0 and specific fatty acids correlated strongly with E, of A. hudsonica (CH0 negatively). The same components were moderately correlated (score >0.6 on a same PC) with the E, of T. longicornis. The fatty acid requirements of A. hudsonica and 7. longicornis were for high o3: w6 ratios and low 20:s to 22:6 ratios. The fatty acid 22:603 was also correlated with E, of both species. The concentration of ciliates and the C:N ratio of seston did not affect E, of any of the species under any condition. Path analysis models were composed to evaluate the important mechanisms controlling the E, observed in this study. The analysis demonstrated the strength and importance of indirect relationships that were not apparent from conventional correlation statistics. The results from 4 path analysis models showed that chl and ciliates exert an important control on natural egg production rates, through their chemical composition, despite the fact that linear correlations between phytoplankton and clliates and E, were not significant.


Established safety sensor technology shuts down industrial robots when a collision is detected, causing preventable loss of productivity. To minimize downtime, we implemented three Augmented Reality (AR) visualizations (Path, Preview, and Volume) which allow users to understand robot motion intent and give way to the robot. We compare the different visualizations in a user study in which a small cognitive task is performed in a shared workspace. We found that Preview and Path required significantly longer head rotations to perceive robot motion intent. Volume, however, required the shortest head rotation and was perceived as most safe, enabling closer proximity of the robot arm before one left the shared workspace without causing shutdowns.


Synthesis and X-ray data of 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-hasubanan

A new simple way to synthesis 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-hasubanan (1c) is described and a single crystal X-ray structure analysis is presented.


This study aimed to examine a longitudinal relationship between depression status and functional decline among Japanese community‐dwelling older adults, using a 12‐year population‐based, prospective cohort study design.


Foundations of Probability \\'ith Applications, by P. Suppes and hl. Zmotti. A volume in a series: Cambridge Studies in Probability, Induction, and Decision Theory. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 193 pp. Cloth, $59.95; paper, $19.95. Collects a number of jointly written journal articles on the axiomatic foundations of probability, probabilistic causality and quantum mechanics, and probabilistic theories of learning. Handbook of Parametric and h'onparametric Statistical Procedures, ed. by D. Sheskin. Boca Raton. fi CRC Press, 1997. 719 pp. Cloth, $69.95. Emphasizing application over theory, provides accessible, practical information for analysis and research.


GGR is a kind of plant growth regulator. The roots of Pinus elliottii were soaked with Nos.6-8 of GGR, respectively. After the treatment, the seedlings were cultivated. Two years later, the results of continuous investigation showed that GGR can hasten the growth of height and No.6 has the best effect.


The design of space-efficient support hardware for built-in self-testing (BIST) is of great significance in the realization of present day very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits and systems, particularly in the context of design paradigm shift from system-onboard to system-on-chip (SOC). This paper revisits the problem of designing zero-aliasing space compression hardware in relation to embedded cores-based SOC for single stuck-line faults in particular, extending the well-known concepts of switching theory, and of incompatibility relation to generate maximal compatibility classes (MCCs) utilizing new graph theory concepts, based on optimal generalized sequence mergeability as developed by the authors in earlier works. The paper briefly presents the mathematical basis of selection criteria for merger of an optimal number of outputs of the module under test (MUT) for realizing maximal compaction ratio in the design, along with some experimental results on ISCAS 89 full-scan sequential benchmark circuits, with simulation programs ATALANTA and FSIM.


S ON ESARDA NOVEL APPROACHES / NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES WORKING GROUP (NA/NT WG) WORKSHOP Martin Wood Complex, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OX1 3PU Oxford, UK


The condition of psychological health of contemporary primary students has relation with the growth of the students and the future of the nation.The effective means to improve the psychological quality of primary students include confirmation of the features of their psychological health condition,analysis of the negative trend and origins and allround psychological health education and practical activities.


From the material characteristics of clad plate and the specific requirements of this equipment,the blanking,plate rolling,roundness correction,preventing welding deformation,the inner circle and some others during the manufacturing process of clad plate final polymerizer were summarized.


Web-based experiments using visual stimuli have become increasingly common in recent years, but many frequently-used stimuli in vision research have yet to be developed for online platforms. Here, we introduce the first open access random-dot kinematogram (RDK) for use in web browsers. This fully customizable RDK offers options to implement several different types of noise (random position, random walk, random direction) and parameters to control aperture shape, coherence level, the number of dots, and other features. We include links to commented JavaScript code for easy implementation in web-based experiments, as well as an example of how this stimulus can be integrated as a plugin with a JavaScript library for online studies (jsPsych).


This paper examines the extent to which China's 'Fourth generation' leadership might be inclined to place a greater emphasis on nationalist rhetoric both in China's international relations and in domestic policy. It explores two different views of nationalism, namely state-centred and popular. With the decline in the public impact of official ideology, the Party–state has given tacit recognition to nationalism as one potential source of regime legitimisation. However, this article argues that by placing the Party at the centre of the official discourse the state-centred view of nationalism restricts the extent to which the Party–state can mobilise nationalist symbolism in support of its leadership and makes the Party vulnerable to criticism from more popular conceptions of nationalism. The priority given to developing the economy means China's leaders must downplay popular criticism which can focus on the negative consequences of China's growing interaction with the wider world. Under China's 'Fourth gene...


Thirty-eight of the more important patents, from more than five hundred that were investigated, have been listed along with a complete bibliography of magnetic recording covering the years 1888-1952.


Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of somatosensory evoked potential monitoring in transpedicular spinal osteotomy and short-segment fixation for correction of post-traumatic kyphosis.Method:From March 2005 to July 2013,a total of 11 patients with post-traumatic thoracolumbar kyphosis received transpedicular wedge osteotomy and transdisc osteotomy by using evoked potential monitoring,after removal of convex vertex,the system of imaging was examinated in the osteotomy for correction before and after operation,and the change of Cobb angle before and after operation were observed by X-ray examination.Result:Cobb angle markedly improved after operation in all case,without any deterioration in the later visit.All cases were followed up for 4-72 months,average 28 months.The pain of all the patients were disappeared,and resumed work and normal life.Bone graft fusion time was 4-6 months.Conclusion:Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring in transpedicular spinal osteotomy and short-segment fixation for correction of post-traumatic kyphosis is safe and reliable,and is proved to be an ideal treatment.


The Ijarah Muntakiyyah Bittamlik contract is a sharia contract related to leasing that is carried out by many banks, because it is run by a bank, the bank requires collateral, one of which is a mortgage as a form of prudence, but this is where an error arises in applying the mortgage guarantee with the Ijarah Muntakiyyah Bittamlik contract. Because of this, two formulations of the problem are obtained, namely first, how is the implementation of the ijarah Muhamiyyah bittamlik contract with guaranteed mortgage rights in a notary deed? Second, what are the legal consequences in the event of an error in the application of the ijarah Muhamiyyah bittamlik contract with the guarantee of mortgage rights in a notary deed? This type of legal research uses normative supported by empirical with a statutory approach. The results of the study concluded that first, the implementation of the deed with the Ijarah Muntakiyyah Bittamlik contract with collateral rights is not appropriate because the binding of the mortgage guarantee can be carried out if debt arises due to unpaid rent not against the Ijarah Muntakiiyah Bittamlik contract which is based on rent, Second, the application of the Ijarah Muntakiyyah Bittamlik contract is erred with the guarantee of mortgage rights resulting in the contract being fasid.


High performance composite structures have strict requirements regarding acceptable levels of porosity. The impact can be significant on mechanical performance and mitigating the growth of voids can be a challenge given the complexity of the problem. The evolution of porosity can be summarized as a balance between sources and sinks which determine void growth or shrinkage. The primary sources of void growth include bag leaks, entrapped air in the system, off-gassing of volatiles, and cure shrinkage. Mechanisms which mitigate porosity include removal of air from the system and maintaining sufficient resin pressure during the process to keep volatiles in solution. In this paper, an approach for modeling the evolution of voids due to entrapped air and volatiles is presented. It has been shown in previous experimental studies that decreases in local resin pressure are linked to a higher likelihood of porosity formation. Results of the study are compared to experiments in which the local resin pressure was measured and micrographs of the panels were taken to characterize the porosity.


In this article, the importance of trust and its consequences for management and organisation literature is analysed from the intra-organisational perspective. Social Network Analysis, which is referred to as Organisational Network Analysis when it is applied to business, was used to analyse trust in an organisation. A simple questionnaire was applied to employees of a medium size enterprise. This article aims to find which employees trust whom in a personal perspective. The findings imply that trust can create effective cooperation within enterprises that are directly associated with the performance, growth and survival of Small and Medium size Enterprises.


Our aim in this article is to demonstrate the complexity, scope and diversity of civic participation. The quality of life in a society depends, to a certain degree, on the government's ability to offer security, order, and services. Equally important, if not more important, are the many activities that residents voluntarily, or not so voluntarily, do for the benefit of others outside their household and immediate family, and often for the collective welfare or public good/benefit/interest. Numerous studies since the early 1990s focus on social capital and the decline in civic participation. In this review article, we claim that most studies of civic participation focus on small and narrow definitions of civic participation. Furthermore, scholars from one discipline rarely measure aspects of civic participation from the perspective of other disciplines. After discussing the problem of disciplinary perspectives in civic participation and the lack of a comprehensive measure of civic participation, we show how the various definitions and attempts at measuring social participation are inadequate. We contrast civic participation with the popular concept of social capital. The former focuses on both individual and organizational activities while the latter focuses on group activities only. To overcome the narrow approach of studying civic participation, we demonstrate that many activities are omitted from most studies. We list a long and varied set of activities that individuals can do on their own or in groups that enhance the quality of life of others. We organize these activities into six key sub-groups: (1) association participation, (2) giving, (3) volunteering, (4) environment-friendly behaviors, (5) political and social behaviors, and (6) supporting-helping individuals. The six categories are not offered as a typology of civic behaviors, but, rather, as a preliminary way to organize our enlarged list of pro-social behaviors. In each of these six sub-groups, we attempt to list as many activities as possible that exemplify different modes of civic participation. We start by naming the behavior or activity, and then give examples of its various forms. Where data are available, we provide data that relate to the specific behavior, how it was measured, and what existing findings tell us about the behavior's frequency. We attempted, where possible, to use U.S. -based data. In our discussion, limitations, and conclusions, we acknowledge that more conceptual work is to be done. Yet we call for the first comprehensive and inter-disciplinary study of civic participation. We envision this topic being taken up by a large number of scholars as well as future initiatives to compare communities and countries based on a comprehensive set of civic participation activities.


In this paper, we analyze the current clustering algorithms and introduce the cluster-tree network model; then benefiting from the good organization of cluster-tree networks, we propose a novel clustering mechanism that conceptually separate the whole networks into clusters according to several formulas. Then we not only make use of the advantages of cluster routing but avoid the computation and memory usage for forming and maintaining clusters. We also exploit the proposed novel clustering mechanism in well-known AODV routing. Simulation results that our clustering mechanism largely reduces routing overhead and average end-to-end delay, and performs better in terms of packets delivery ratio than AODV routing without logical clusters for cluster-tree networks, which will make the real-time and dense mesh networks more efficient and scalable.


A ZVT DC-DC converter with stray components integration is presented in this paper. The transformer leakage inductance and the MOSFET output capacitance are used to achieve the ZVT operation of the converter resulting in a high-frequency compact power converter. The circuit operation, the idealized waveforms and the methodology used to calculate the components are explained together with experimental results obtained with a 250 W prototype.


This paper serves as an introduction to a special issue of Vehicle System Dynamics on Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems. Many of the traditional areas of emphasis within vehicle dynamics serve as enabling technologies for the broader issues that arise in the context of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS). The author outlines the interactions of these disciplines.