Geometric evolution represents a fundamental aspect of many physical phenomena. In this paper we consider the geometric evolution of structures that undergo topological changes. Topological changes occur when the shape of an object evolves such that it either breaks apart or converges back into itself to form a loop. Changes to the topology of an object are fundamentally discrete events. We consider how discontinuities arise during geometric evolution processes by characterizing the possible topological events and analyzing the associated source terms based on evolution equations for geometric invariants. We show that the discrete nature of a topological change leads to discontinuous source terms that propagate to physical variables.


Two parallel and related trends can be observed in current patterns of governance in many democratic states. The first is the ascendancy of the executive branch over the legislative and the judiciary. The other is the increased influence of politics, particularly partisanship, to the detriment of legality. Public management, which is notionally apolitical but nevertheless in the service of the state, must find the right balance to ensure that the rule of law acquires its indispensable place among the factors at play in directing statecraft. Toward this goal, the practice of educating professional public servants in the rule of law and in favour of the rule of law is required to be strengthened. The most appropriate label for such a practice is 'LSL', law as a second language. The democratic nature of public management requires this form of bilingualism.


The article is devoted to the issues of theoretical and empirical exploring of Ukrainian migration to USA in its sociocultural dimension. It is aimed to inquire such issues as migrants' language identities and corresponding practices and special ethnonational features of Ukrainians in USA. The authors' theoretical concept is a basis for empirical survey on Ukrainian migration to USA conducted in 2015. 40 semistructured interviews with Ukrainians who experienced living in USA were collected during the research. The benefits of this study are the isolation of language identities and practices from ethno-national and cultural ones. Moreover, this study tested its main issues in the context of «old» (postwar) and «new» (independence period) Ukrainian immigration. The main outcomes of research are as follows. Language identities and practices of Ukrainian immigrants are not simple, they consist of several parts. For the third wave, Ukrainian and English language identities/practices are common. For the fourth wave three constituents are common, namely, Ukrainian, Russian, and English ones. The use of definite language depends on communication context. Language question turned out to be stumbling block in the third and fourth waves' immigrant's relations. «Old» immigrants were not ready to accept Russian-speaking Ukrainians. At the same time, «new» immigrants (even Ukrainian speaking) do not identificate themselves with the Ukrainian «diaspora language», that contains Polonisms, Ukrainian archaisms, English-structured sentences in Ukrainian. Other differences there also detected. Though the respondents of «old» wave prefer the membership of traditional official organizations, the respondents of «new» wave prefer new, network-structured informal organization/communities. Besides, Ukrainian constituent of «old» immigrants' cultural identity and corresponding practices is based mainly on Ukrainian ethnonational belonging. At the same time, Ukrainian constituent of «new» immigrants' cultural identity and corresponding practices is influenced by Ukrainian ethnicity, Soviet period of Ukrainian history and some outlandish cultural practices widespread in independent Ukraine. Soviet past is also significant in the post-Soviet belonging recognition of fourth wave immigrants and common naming of immigrants from post-soviet states as «we». The main criteria of settlement area choice is another difference. For the «new» immigrants it is job opportunities instead of old Ukrainian diaspora presence. The difference in types of third and fourth waves of migration could explain this choice. Third wave is mostly political migration and the clear majority of the fourth wave immigrants, in contrary, represents classical labor migration. In summary, the survey showed a row of differences in language and ethno-national features of studied waves of Ukrainian immigrants in USA.


The shortest path problem based on the data structure has become one of the hot research topics in graph theory. The shortest path problem is the problem of finding a path between two vertices (or nodes) in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized. As the basic theory of solving this problem, Dijkstra's algorithm has been widely used in engineering calculations. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional Dijkstra's algorithm, this paper has proposed an optimization method which has mainly improved the nodes selection of the shortest path and data storage structure and organization. Through comparison and analysis, the improved algorithm has been obtained, which has reduced the storage space and improved the operational efficiency.


The adsorption of alkali metals (AM{close_quote}s) on the Si(001) surface has been studied using high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. We find that the metallization at low AM coverages manifests itself with a unique surface plasmon excitation, which turns out to be common to the AM (Li,Na,Cs)/Si(001) surfaces. With increasing AM coverage, these AM-induced metallic surfaces become semiconducting again revealing the characteristic metal-semiconductor transitions (MST{close_quote}s) at the onset of the first ordered structures: (4{times}1) and (2{times}3) for Na and Cs adsorption, respectively. We invoke a mechanism leading to a band insulator to understand such a MST accompanying a disorder-order structural transition. In addition, the distinctly different electrical properties of the AM saturated surfaces, semiconducting for Na and metallic for Cs, are attributed to the availability of some excess adatoms beyond 1 monolayer at room temperature. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


Some sugars, such as lactose, maltose, raffinose, glucose etc. can increase the purity of DC12 compared with sucrose. The value of pH can affect the process of producing DC12. Controlling the pH value between 7.5-8.0 can highly improve the production of DC12. Candida tropicalis can symport the DC12 with H+ to the outside of the cell.


We combine the Multi-level Monte Carlo (MLMC) method with the numerical scheme for the Heston model that simulates the variance process exactly and applies the stochastic trapezoidal rule to approximate the time integrated variance process in the SDE of the logarithmic asset process. We deal with the simulations for path-independent options and for path-dependent options separately. In both situations, novel MLMC estimators are established and the analytical convergence rates for these estimators are derived for the full parameter regime.


Objective: To study the relationship between malignant ventricular arrhythmia and heart rate turbulence(HRT) of 24hrs ambulatory electrocardiogram in patients with unstable pectoris an-gina(UPA).Methods: Patients with premature ventricular beat were divided into UPA group and control group,of 66 patients with UPA were investigated by dividing into malignant ventricular arrhythmia group and control group again.All patients were examined with ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring for twenty-four hours,and amount and shape of ventricular arrhythmia,turbulence onset(TO) and turbulence slope(TS) were analyzed.Results: TO was higher than zero in UPA group and lower than zero in control group,TS in UPA group was lower than that in control group.TO and TS had significant difference in malignant ventricular arrhythmia subgroup of UPA group compared to its control group.Conclusion: Lower HRT could be a predictive and prognostic index for malignant ventricular arrhythmia in patients with UPA.


Neighbourhood planning has revealed a real demand for connecting local planning with new ways of producing much-needed housing in England. Analysis of the first adopted neighbourhood plans illustrates the desire for connecting housing to local needs, providing affordable accommodation as well as housing for older people, young families and households with disabled residents. This paper explores the potential of linking neighbourhood planning and community housing development and suggests how such models can co-exist with contemporary housing markets.


Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is an effective method to optimize energy consumption patterns. Since the concept of NILM was proposed, extensive research has focused on energy disaggregation or load identification. The traditional method is to disaggregate mixed signals, and then identify the independent load. This paper proposes a multi-label classification method using Random Forest (RF) as a learning algorithm for non-intrusive load identification. Multi-label classification can be used to determine which categories data belong to. This classification can help to identify the operation states of independent loads from mixed signals without disaggregation. The experiments are conducted in real environment and public data set respectively. Several basic electrical features are selected as the classification feature to build the classification model. These features are also compared to select the most suitable features for classification by feature importance parameters. The classification accuracy and F-score of the proposed method can reach 0.97 and 0.98, respectively.


Useing resistance welding controller for data protection,the automobile manufacturers have analyzed the respective characteristic and the application situation,described above based on the resistance welding controller (lower position machine) data protection's limitation (data error must restore artificially).Therefore,with a networking function of the resistance welding controller,they proposed component's data protection way,being based on industrial PC (IPC) and 1-wire data protection devices.The test proved that this resistance welding controller can automatically correct data errors,has overcome the lower position machine data protection limitation.


In this essay, Marcy North examines a compilation oddity found in many early modern verse miscellanies—the poem entered twice into the same manuscript—and uses it to illuminate the practices of early modern verse collectors. Duplicated entries point to the kinds of source texts that verse collectors juggled, their reading and editorial practices, and their access to fashionable verse. The modest numbers of duplicates in many miscellanies and the cases in which accidental duplicates are cancelled suggest that most verse collectors were conscientious readers and editors, seeking new and better material and weeding out items they had already collected as they developed their miscellanies. keywords: Stuart poetry; post-print manuscript culture; literary networks; circulation and reception of verse; William Strode; Thomas Carew content, ordering, and material details such as handwriting and format. The practices of verse collection that make these fascinating manuscripts so alike and yet so distinct are brought to the fore by a compilation oddity found in close to a hundred extant miscellanies—the entry of the same poem twice, sometimes thrice, into a single manuscript. Redundant entries, whether they were copied accidentally or set down purposefully, help us reconstruct the paths by which poems reached collectors and the ways collectors managed the poems they received. Because of their sheer number, Stuart verse miscellanies serve as central evidence in several important studies of post-print manuscript culture, the system of cultural exchange whose participants traded texts unavailable to the print audience through semi-private social networks. Books by Peter Beal, Mary Hobbs, Harold Love, Arthur Marotti, and H. R. Woudhuysen sketch out many of the practices of verse collectors and attest to the importance of verse miscellanies to book history generally, but they also acknowledge that evidentiary gaps make it difficult to generalize about verse miscellany production.2 Few collectors or copyists documented the process of compiling miscellanies, perhaps because they treasured the amateur status of their labors or considered verse collecting too well understood to merit comment.3 The anonymity of many collectors and copyists and the loss of verse miscellanies over time have made it difficult to establish direct connections among miscellanies that could clarify production choices. The smaller source texts that collectors used in trading verse—the folded sheets and unbound quires—have proven especially vulnerable to decay.4 External evidence tracing the paths poems took from author to collector is likewise scanty, and although personal letters and memoirs occasionally refer to poems enclosed with cor258 marcy l. north 2. In books that have become essential references for manuscript scholars, Arthur Marotti documents the various types of miscellanies and their fashionable but varied contents in Manuscript, Print, and the English Renaissance Lyric (Ithaca, N.Y., 1993); and Mary Hobbs sketches out the university scribal networks from which many miscellanies emerged, arguing that collectors were likely copying from related extensive exempla, some of which may have been circulated by poets and their immediate circles, in Early Seventeenth-Century Verse Miscellany Manuscripts (Aldershot, U.K., 1992). Studies by Peter Beal, Harold Love, and H. R. Woudhuysen also provide an invaluable picture of the manuscript transmission and scribal practices that enabled verse exchange and miscellany compilation. See Beal, In Praise of Scribes: Manuscripts and Their Makers in Seventeenth-Century England (Oxford, 1998); Love, Scribal Publication in Seventeenth-Century England (Oxford, 1993); and Woudhuysen, Sir Philip Sidney. Also helpful as both a reference and study of cultural practices is Beal's Index of English Literary Manuscripts, vols. 1 and 2 (London, 1980, 1987) and the online revision of this finding aid, The Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts, 1450–1700, http://www.celm-ms.org.uk/. For other accounts of verse collection practices, see Joshua Eckhardt, Manuscript Verse Collectors and the Politics of Anti-Courtly Love Poetry (New York, 2009); and Scott Nixon's articles on Thomas Carew, among them, "'Aske me no more' and the Manuscript Verse Miscellany," English Literary Renaissance 29 (Winter 1999): 97–130. 3. Beal, In Praise of Scribes,18–19; Love, Scribal Publication, 80. Marotti, in Manuscript, Print, notes a few of the unusual instances when manuscript miscellanies record their sources or the transmission path of a poem. 4. A few of these smaller units of transmission are preserved in composite manuscripts, where small items have been bound together after they have been copied. See Marotti, Manuscript, Print, 11–12; Woudhuysen, Sir Philip Sidney, 155–56. respondence, epigrams exchanged verbally over dinner, or books loaned to or copied for friends, the information these sources provide is piecemeal.5 Since the external information about Stuart verse collection practices is so scattered and incomplete, evidence in the miscellanies themselves becomes indispensable. As Harold Love concedes, "the transmissional history of the poem can often be understood only through that of the miscellanies in which it is encountered."6 Accepting this methodological challenge, the present study calls attention to a type of internal evidence used more often in textual analysis than in studies of verse collection—the poem copied twice into the same miscellany—and redefines it as evidence of the material and cultural processes of miscellany compilation.7 Redundant entries make visible a number of verse transmission patterns and compilation practices otherwise hidden from the modern researcher. They can, for instance, outline the scribal contributions of particular copyists and collaborators. They can mark when time has passed between one set of entries and the next. Duplicated poems also help to identify groups of poems that traveled together and, in fact, they provide some of the best internal evidence available that compilers were working with multiple source texts and that these sources included many of the same fashionable poems in very different contexts and clusters. Doubled poems likewise serve as records of access and dissemination—proof that certain poems reached a collector more than once—and so they also offer the modern researcher a sense of how plentiful or dry various sources of poetry were for particular collectors. The presence of duplicates in miscellanies can even chart the organizational strategies of compilers as they acquire new materials. Above all, duplicated entries call attention to the material and cultural challenges of verse collecting. They remind us that, although Stuart collectors can seem at first glance to have had access to very similar source materials, verse dissemination was hardly a smooth process. Some verse items were readily available and collectors might have found them in several source texts; other items might have proved rare and inaccessible. Time constraints might have prevented a collector from editing and organizing his source texts before having them copied, and a tired scribe might have duplicates in stuart miscellanies 259 5. Two exemplary sources for this type of external evidence are the correspondence of James Howell, Epistolae Ho-elianae: Familiar Letters Domestic and Forren (1650); and the correspondence between John Chamberlain and Dudley Carleton, in Dudley Carleton to John Chamberlain, 1603–1624, ed. Maurice Lee Jr. (New Brunswick, N.J., 1972); Letters of John Chamberlain Written during the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, ed. Sarah Williams (Westminster, 1861); and Letters of John Chamberlain, ed. Norman Egbert McClure (Philadelphia, 1939). For more on the limited evidence of verse circulation, see Marcy North, "Amateur Compilers, Scribal Labour, and the


Since traditional environmental laws that center on the protection of environmental media fail to solve complicated environmental problems,a change must inaugurated in the research methodology and regimes of environmental law.Eco-zoning is just a new method.The starting point of eco-zoning is to take a municipality as a special ecosystem that is one part of a larger ecosystem.The legislative ideas of eco-zoning are as follows: 1) cities are an integrate part of ecosystem and the key point to solve worldwide environmental problems lies in building up sustainable and healthy eco-cities;2) being a key species,man plays a dominant role in urban ecosystem and the purpose to build up an ecosystem is to do good to everyone's health and spirit joviality;3) try best to integrate land use planning and environmental protection;and 4) take environmental charm as the core idea of eco-zoning legislation.


Abstract Statistical process control is directly affected by the quality of measurements; therefore, acceptance of a measurement system is a pivotal issue. A gage repeatability and reproducibility study (GR&R) can determine whether the total variability observed in a process comes from manufacturing or from the measurement system. This systematic literature review aims to assess the state-of-the-art in GR&R studies. Based on findings, articles are classified according to the manufacturing process, measuring instruments, quantities and units, design setup, statistical methods, and acceptability criteria. Finally, the main objectives and contributions of each study are highlighted.


In view of the reliability requirements of the present vehicle air compressor are strict day by day,and the differences of running condition between vehicle air compressor and general air compressor,this paper expounds how to make a accurate simulation of the actual running condition,the key points of design for vehicle air compressor reliability test device,debugging to solve the problems and the summary about the development.


A giant‐cell tumor of the sacrum is rare, and poses significant therapeutic and surgical difficulties largely because of its location. Patients usually present with pain in the lower back radiating to one or both lower limbs, with or without neurological deficit. The index case presented with difficulty in defecation, in addition to pain in both lower limbs for 6 mo. The patient was seen to have a rectal mass, and a per‐rectal fine‐needle‐aspiration was performed. The smears showed a cellular aspirate composed of a large number of osteoclastic giant cells, admixed intimately with clusters and a scattered population of mononuclear cells. Mitotic figures were not observed. Although the differential diagnosis of osteoclastic giant cell‐containing lesions is broad, the presence of strong cohesiveness between the mononucleated cells and giant cells in cohesive clusters is a very helpful diagnostic feature, and was a prominent finding in the present case. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2001;24:39–41. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The evolving technology in power delivery system is Smart Grid. This provides an intelligent, self-recovery and homeostatic grid. A smart grid communication network provides transmission capacity for information transformation within the connected nodes in the network, in favor of functional and operational needs. In the electric grids, communication network not only depends upon transmission constraints but also by the required connecting devices. In distinction, heterogeneous preparation of range dependent wireless technologies like the IEEE 802.16e primarily based Wimax and therefore the IEEE802.11 primarily based WLAN networks will considerably improve the coverage of an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) network by installing the WLAN within the Wimax network. The HetNet provides best property. This paper work deals with the implementation of WiMAX-WLAN integrated network architecture for WAMS and Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in the smart grid.


China traditional festival culture played the vital role in the history of the Chinese famous race's cultural for a long time,although many flaws in the traditional festival culture to the leisure culture with to regret,It has not formed the leisure culture wtth the modern significance,but in the process constructing the populace leisure culture,the traditional festival culture takes its distinctive quality,the national characteristic takes seriously as us,is still the core when we construct the populace leisure culture.


The educational administration of the independent college,a new school-running mode of higher education,has a more flexible and innovative feature than that of the ordinary one.Based on its current requirement and features,the paper applies OOP technology into the educational administration system for independent college.It is proved through trial that the system,with its great expansibility,not only meets the present administrative needs,but also can be modified to satisfy the innovation of the independent college.


* This study was adapted from the doctoral thesis titled "The Mediating Effect of Organizational Learning in Relationship Between Cost Leadership Strategy and Firm Performance: A Study on Travel Agencies", prepared by Dr. Ramazan KAYA under the supervision of Prof. Dr. M. Akif ÖNCÜ and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muammer MESCİ as part of Düzce University Institute of Social Sciences Business Administration Doctoral Program.


Researchers have theorized that the behaviors of organization leaders impact organization agility, which is defined as the ability of an organization to swiftly and successfully change in order to achieve long-term success. The purpose of this study was to determine if leadership behaviors as measured by the MLQ-5X predict organization agility as measured by the Agility Survey (short-form). The research sample included 126 U.S.-based business units within 47 organizations with greater than 1,000 employees. The leadership behaviors found to predict higher levels of organization agility included: (a) exploratory leadership behaviors that support discovering new ways to solve problems and conduct business, (b) latitude leadership behaviors that provide employees with a high degree of freedom and responsibility in achieving work results and resolving issues, (c) visionary leadership behaviors that create a clear organization purpose and mission and define the "why" of the organization's existence, and (d) reflective leadership behaviors that cause leaders to challenge their own assumptions and create mechanisms for the organization to do so as well. The leadership behaviors related to power and structure predicted lower levels of organization agility.


In order to check the detection ability of chaotic oscillator system thoroughly,improve the detection performance and realize the detection of phase randomly distributed weak sinusoidal signal,the detection performance was studied by Monte-Carlo simulation,and the autocorrelation joint with chaotic oscillator detection method was proposed.The autocorrelation was performed to the received signal in order to lose the phase information and suppress a portion of noise,and the result of the autocorrelation was changed into the sine signal whose SNR was improved and initial phase was 0,then the detection was realized by using one equation.The equation group method was avoided,not only the complexity of detection was lowered,but also the detection performance was improved.Monte-Carlo simulation proved that the weak signal detection capability was improved by using the union detection system.


Thai hand-woven cotton fabric has the added value of allowing more air penetration and is therefore cooler, softer and absorbent therefore the objective of this research is to develop Unisex Apparel Design from hand-woven cotton with freedom of Seventiess inspiration, which is designed a collection for both males and females. This design fulfills the consumer lifestyle since the consumers have to be aware of the cost of living in economic fluctuation. In other words, they still maintain the urban lifestyle combined with the Thai tradition. Thai hand-woven cotton known as one of Thai handicraft identities is selected to provoke the Thai hand-woven awareness in young Thai generation for its value and beauty and to increase the demand of Thai hand-woven material. Following the fashion trend of year 2013-2014 Spring/Summer, the research is to create a special collection of 4 items The research is measured in percentage using questionnaires to 100 sample target groups. The result has shown that the third item, Drift pants is of the highest satisfactory which is about 81%. The result finds that about 86% of the sample target groups are most satisfied with the unisex apparel designs.


The "weak" BSD conjecture predicts that for an elliptic curve E over a number field K, we have rankE(K) = ords=1 L(E/K, s). The miracle of this formula is that it relates two quantities with very different origins: the left hand side is an algebraic object while the right hand side is an analytic object. Furthermore, the algebraic rank is "global" in nature, while the analytic rank can be defined locally.


Technology is quickly catching up to even the most cutting-edge human factors research. Studies in interaction methods and behavior, which were planned to be purely academic, are suddenly directly applicable to commercialized products. Wearables, mobile devices, voice recognition, augmented reality, intelligent systems and remote education are all here, they work well and the pace is not slowing anytime soon. Society is also changing. There are more of us, we're moving to cities, we're getting older, we have more buying power, and, all over the world, adoption of these new technologies continues to grow. This has happened hand-in-hand with changes in industry. Its global reach, massive scale and detailed performance and usage data are leading to the creation of new products and services at an astonishing rate. All of these trends are setting the stage for a golden age of human factors research and applications, one that will be bigger and better than its roots in aeronautics. To promote and ensure this rich future, researchers and practitioners will need to be more connected to one another. It's easy for academic researchers to fall behind the rapidly advancing industry that practitioners live in every day. It is also easy for practitioners to be completely unaware of foundational research that can guide new products to success. This academic-versus-practice tension is complex and long-standing in nearly every industry. However, this is human factors' time to shine the brightest. Let's push research even further into the future, far past the realm of what's possible today, because tomorrow will be here soon. Let's also work even harder to push existing research into practice and into exciting new products.


In this paper some aspects of the theory of qualitative calculus are addressed, namely, those aspects dealing with qualitatively determinate relationships. A review is given of major literature which deals with the problem of determining the direction of change of the endogeneous variables of a model, given the direction of change of the exogenous variables and in addition a knowledge of the signs of the partial derivatives of the corresponding system of equations (sign-solvability problem). In addition, some recent developments are outlined and a number of implementation issues and potential areas of application are briefly discussed.


The purpose of this study is to investigated semantic functions of tel which appears in the correlative structure. Tel, combined with the conjunction que, constitutes complicated types of structures as well as varied senses. We are especially interested in two main semantic functions, which are comparison and consecution. For the first function, in the comparative construction, the subordinate clause is due to the relativisation in which tel plays the role of antecedent corresponding to an empty category. For the second function, in the consecutive construction, the principal clause maintains the relation of inclusion with the subordinate clause, in so far as the latter is considered as an occurrence of the former. As the results of this study, we have reached to the conclusion that semantically, tel expresses a unspecified sense in both comparative and consecutive clause.


This paper investigate whether macroeconomics indicators influences stock price behavior in Nigerian stock market, using an annual time series data spanning from 1985-2015. The study employed some econometric tools such as Augmented Dicker Fuller (ADF) Unit Root test, Johansen's co integration test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to analyze the variables of interest. The study found out that Money Supply (MS) has an inverse but statistically significant  influence on stock prices in Nigerian stock market also Treasury Bill Rate (TBR) has an inverse and statistically insignificant influence on stock market prices. While on the other hand, Market Capitalization (MCAP) has a positive and statistically significant influence on stock prices while Exchange Rate (EXR) has positive but statistically insignificant relationship with stock prices in the Nigerian Stock Market. In view of the above, the study recommends amongst others that monetary authorities should try as much as possible to implement sound macroeconomic policies that would enhance stock market growth and development in Nigeria.


This paper describes a 28nm fully integrated 79 GHz Phase Modulated radar SoC including 2TX, 2RX and the mm-wave frequency generation. A custom digital core generates the pseudo random sequence and performs correlation and accumulation of the digitized received data. With 1W power consumption, 7.5 cm range resolution is achieved while antennas arrangement allows for 5° resolution over ±60° elevation and azimuth scan in 2×2 code domain MIMO operation.


Immensely popular in seventeenth-century Britain, the interpolated episodes of Marcela and Cardenio were featured in the performance of the first British stage adaptation of Cervantes's masterpiece: Thomas D'Urfey's The Comical History of Don Quixote . This article provides a comparative analysis of the aforementioned stories in both works. An analysis of Cervantes's novel reveals that the protagonists of these tales enact a counter-hegemonic identity that subverts the dominant notions of gender and class. Hence, D'Urfey's play is approached with a view to determining whether the subversive potential of the original is preserved. It can be argued that, as opposed to his literary predecessor, D'Urfey exploits these episodes to reinforce and naturalise the hegemonic ideology and the resulting social order.


Peter Argondizza performs his own transcription of J.S.Bach Fuga from Violin Sonata BWV 1001. This has been taken from his album "...from the hook to the hill", a collection of solo guitar music.


Freedom is the knowledge about necessity and the reform in objective world. It is a historical advancing process. There isn't absolute freedom. Marxist theory on man's free and full development isn't a fantasy, but of directly practical significance.


This paper presents studies on the launderability of 4 types of conductive fabrics made by weaving polyester and nylon yarns with metal coatings (Cu, Ag, Ni/Cu, Ni/Cu/Co). They are laminated with thermoplastic urethane (TPU) film under hot compression on the 3 common fabrics (Spandex, Nylon, Denim) with different elongation and flexibility. Electrical resistance as a function of laundry cycles is used to characterize the performance of the conductive materials. The laundry procedure is to follow AATCC M6 test standard by using the AATCC compliant laundry machine and dryer with the factor control such as detergent, water temperature, agitation speed and spin speed and so on. After intended wash and dry cycles, test samples are measured in electrical resistance with 4 point probe ohm meter to detect the resistance stability. The rise of resistance of conductive material over the wash/dry cycle can be compared among 4 metal coating on the 3 common fabrics. In general, the unstable resistance and electrical open can be reflected with the microstructure fracture observation under 3D optical microscope and SEM to provide further insight on the performance of these conductive materials withstanding laundering process. Furthermore, Non-destructive analysis of low angle XRD and XRF are also adopted to analyze the metal crystalline lattice structure and thickness change after laundering process for the understanding of degradation mechanisms. The elongation effect of base fabric of Spandex, Polyester and Nylon under certain washing shear force during agitation on the conductive fabric launderability can be concluded.


OBJECTIVE Recent experimental studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have antiatherosclerotic benefits in glucagon-like peptide 1–dependent and –independent manners. The current study investigated the effects of alogliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-end point, multicenter, parallel-group, comparative study included 341 patients with T2DM free of a history of apparent cardiovascular diseases recruited at 11 clinical units and randomly allocated to treatment with alogliptin (n = 172) or conventional treatment (n = 169). Primary outcomes were changes in mean common and maximum intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery measured by carotid arterial echography during a 24-month treatment period. RESULTS Alogliptin treatment had a more potent glucose-lowering effect than the conventional treatment (−0.3 ± 0.7% vs. −0.1 ± 0.8%, P = 0.004) without an increase of hypoglycemia. Changes in the mean common and the right and left maximum IMT of the carotid arteries were significantly greater after alogliptin treatment than after conventional treatment (−0.026 mm [SE 0.009] vs. 0.005 mm [SE 0.009], P = 0.022; −0.045 mm [SE 0.018] vs. 0.011 mm [SE 0.017], P = 0.025, and −0.079 mm [SE 0.018] vs. −0.015 mm [SE 0.018], P = 0.013, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Alogliptin treatment attenuated the progression of carotid IMT in patients with T2DM free of apparent cardiovascular disease compared with the conventional treatment.


This article analyses, on the one hand, the historiographic construction of the royalists, understood generally as opponents to Hispanic-American independence movements and, in particular, Novohispanic movements. On the other, in line with the study of political languages, it goes over the uses given to the term "royalist" in the Spanish monarchical circle, with special emphasis on the years of the political crisis, and in the context of the conflict brought about by the independence movement in New Spain. Lastly, this research reviews the development of the Novohispanic militia phenomenon in times of the insurgent war, to highlight the implications displayed by the different units, based on their names.


This paper discusses the limitations of Cronbach's alpha as a sole index of reliability, showing how Cronbach's alpha is analytically handicapped to capture important measurement errors and scale dimensionality, and how it is not invariant under variations of scale length, interitem correlation, and sample characteristics. In addition, the limitations and strengths of several recommendations on how to ameliorate these problems were critically reviewed. It was shown that the reliance on Cronbach's alpha as a sole index of reliability is no longer sufficiently warranted. This requires that other indices of internal consistency be reported along with alpha coefficient, and that when a scale is composed of large number of items, factor analysis should be performed, and appropriate internal consistency estimation method applied. This approach, if adopted, will largely minimize and guard against uncritical use of Cronbach's alpha coefficient.


Frozen cabinet (10) includes a cabinet base defining a freezing chamber in which the top portion is open and has a cooled internally houses the frozen products (50) (20), disposed on the freezing chamber canopy (30 ) and, including. Transparent glass window provided in the front wall of the canopy (30) is extended downwardly to product replenishment line of the refrigeration chamber, thereby the visible region of the customer is expanded. Rear wall of the canopy (30) includes a framework (42) transparent service door (40). Service door (40), in order to provide an inlet for serving of the freezing chamber, the framework (42) is rotatable to an open position independently. The service door (40) and framework (42), so as to be close to the freezer compartment for cleaning and disinfection, is rotatable together to a second open position as a unit. Lamp for illuminating the interior of the cabinet (80) is disposed on the outside of the canopy (30).


The identification procedure presented uses input/output data to establish, not only the system order, but also the minimal number of parameters required for representation. After a development of the method, an example is presented to illustrate the relative numerical accuracy with respect to additive data noise. In the process the related problem of relative observability of system modes is discussed.<<ETX>>


Selective pressures on positive-strand RNA viruses provide opportunities to establish target site specificity and mechanisms of action of antivirals. Here, Enterovirus-A71 revertant viruses with resistant mutations in the SLII IRES domain (SLIIresist) were selected at low doses of the antiviral DMA-135. The EV-A71 revertant viruses were resistant to DMA-135 at concentrations that robustly inhibit replication of wild-type virus. EV-A71 IRES structures harboring the suppressor mutations induced efficient expression of reporter Luciferase mRNA in the presence of non-cytotoxic doses of DMA-135 whereas DMA-135 dose-dependently inhibited Luciferase expression from the wild-type IRES element. NMR studies indicate that the resistant mutations change the structure of SLII at the bulge loop binding site of DMA-135 and at part of an extended surface recognized by host RNA-binding protein AUF1. Comparisons of biophysical analysis of complexes formed between AUF1, DMA-135, or either SLII or SLIIresist show that DMA-135 stabilizes a ternary complex with AUF1-SLII but not AUF1-SLIIresist. Further studies demonstrate that the hnRNP A1 protein retains binding affinity for SLIIresist, illustrating that DMA-135 inhibition and viral resistance do not perturb the SLII-hnRNP A1 arm of the regulatory axis. Taken together, this work demonstrates how viral evolution under selective pressures of small molecules can elucidate RNA binding site specificity, mechanisms of action, and provide additional insights into the viral pathways inhibited by the antiviral DMA-135.


Several strategies have been proposed for ranking of fuzzy numbers. Each of these techniques has been shown to produce non-intuitive results in certain cases. In this paper,we introduce an approximate method for ranking of fuzzy numbers based on the centroid point of the surface bounded above by the graph of the membership function of fuzzy number below by X-axis. The calculation of proposed method is far simple than the other approaches.


The rise of national consciousness is the general phenomenon of globalization in modernized era.It has proposed the central issue that how to manage in the multi-nationality country while representing national individual character and cohesive force of nationality:how to keep the harmony between the sense of belonging in national culture and shared sense of affinity for national politics? To this question,certain limitation has appeared on the basis of scientific principle for various social ideological trends in the west.Because the formulation of national consciousness mostly correlate with interests demand of the national colony,multi-nationality country should set up just interests adjustable mechanism through standard system design,and then ensure the realization of colony's rational rights,especially interests of ethnic minority,in order to bring up the legitimacy resources of the national identification.


ALTHOUGH there m)ay be many contributing causes of dental caries, it is my intention to deal only with the bacteriological factor in this paper. The chemiiicoparasitic theory of Miller [1] brought forward in 1890, is still the most feasible. Consequently, since Miller's day most investigators have looked for some agent producing decalcification of enamel by means of carbohydrate fermentation. Later, Goadby [21 (1903), using cultural as well as morphological methods in his investigation, concluded that there was no sp)ecific cause of dental caries, and that it was due to the combined action of many of the common organisms of the mouth. He divided the organisms foiund in the carious cavity into the acid-producers and the dentine-liquefiers. Howe and Hatch [3] (1917) were the first to lput forward the specific claims of any one organism as the cause of the disease, and they showed that Bacillus acidophiluas could be demonstrated witlh fair regularity in the cavities of carious teeth. McIntosh, James, and Lazarus-Barlow [1] (1922) confirmed Howe and Hatch, and described two strains of this organism which they called Bacillus acidophilus odontolyticus Types 1 and 2. They were the first to produce decalcification of the enamel and penetration of the dentine by any one organism, and they were also able to show that Bacillus acidophilus could be isolated in pure culture from the healthy dentine of natural caries. On the other hand Clarke [5] (1924) stated that by his own technique he was unable to obtain positive cultures of Bacillus acidophilis from the dentine of carious teeth except in those cases where tlhe-cultures were taken from very shallow cavities, and where there was likely to be contamination from the material present on tlle outside of the tootlh, or the more sul)erficial layers of the cavity. He reported the discovery of a small pleomorphic organism which he called Streptococcus miifttanls, because it is a chained coccus in a l)lain brotlh medium, and a coccobacillus on glucose aga and in acid broth. He, like McIntosh, was able to produce " artificial caries int vitro" with his own organism. Later Bunting and Palmerlee [6] (1925), Bunting, Nickerson and Hard L7] (1926) claimed to have confirmed the work of McIntosh, James, and Lazarus-Barlow, and concluded that Bacillus acidophilus is the cause of dental caries. But as Bunting and his co-workers are evidently unable to distinguish between Bacillus acidophiluis and Streptococcus inzutans, they have merely caused confusion instead of throwing light on the disease. I think it is apparent from their papers that they have never, knowingly, handled a Streptococcts muZztants, because they classify these separate and distinct organisms as one-Bacillus acidophilus odontolyticus. Bunting produced exp)erimental caries in man by fitting gold caps containing cultures of Bacilluts ,cicdophiluts on non-carious teeth, but whether this result is due to the Bacillu.s aci(lo-


The invention relates to a method for preventing an electrical shortage between at least two layers of a semiconductor layer stack (101) attached by the surface (101b) of one of its layers to a substrate (109) via a conductive adhesive (1 10) by providing an isolating layer (108) on the side walls (104) of the stack (101 ) or by removing excess material after attaching the stack to the substrate. The invention also relates to a thin substrate CPV cell (101) and to a solar cell assembly (111).


In two experiments we examined the effects of schematic and proposition‐specific processing on long‐term (1 week) story memory. Subjects read a passage in which letters were deleted from the words contained in some of the idea units in the story, and subjects were instructed to adopt a particular perspective while reading the story. We assumed that the letter‐deletion task and the instructions to adopt a perspective would induce proposition‐specific and schema‐related processing, respectively. In Experiment 1, for both immediate and delayed tests, recall of idea units was found to be an additive function of an idea's importance to the encoding perspective and the letter deletion task. Recognition was also enhanced by the letter deletion task, but there were no differences as a function of idea unit importance. In Experiment 2, using a different story, a similar pattern emerged in delayed recall and recognition. These results suggest that both proposition‐specific and schema‐related processing are importan...


Wind turbine system is converting wind energy into electric energy. In nature, torque of the blade is nonlinear function. To get a high quality electric power, system needs control of blade angle. The control of a blade is divided into a stall regulation type and a pitch control type. Pitch control type is more expensive and complicated, but it can make torque of the blade in accordance with variable wind. This paper shows 2㎿ pitch control system's hardware and electric part.


The English language has very many cross-cultural varieties. Most of these varieties deviate from Inner Circle English or the NS (Native Speaker) variety. The non-native speaker varieties pervade all aspects of the language, namely phonology, syntax, morphology, semantics and pragmatics. Nonnative phonological deviations, however, are more prevalent and widespread than any other aspects of the language. Nonnative English pronunciations are considered as erroneous in comparison with Standard English pronunciations or those of the native speakers of English belonging to the Inner Circle English. Nonnative English Pronunciation errors manifest themselves in all of the major elements of pronunciation, i.e. phonemes, syllables, word stress, rhythm and intonation as well as the features of connected speech like assimilation, elision, linking, and weak forms. The purpose of the paper is to investigate segmental errors in English pronunciation of nonnative English speakers though originally the author's intention was to examine all the elements of English pronunciation which had to be curtailed because of the constraints of space. The paper now illustrates segmental (consonant and vowel) errors in English pronunciation of Arabic, African, French, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, Pakistani, Indian, and Bangladeshi English speakers, among others. The survey reveals that L1 or first language negative influence is the main cause of pronunciation errors of these people which is the root cause of syntactic, semantic and discourse errors as well. It also reveals that most segmental errors committed by most nonnative speakers representing varied speech communities are identical. The paper considers intelligibility as an important criterion for successful communication whereas wrong and unintelligible pronunciation is seen as the most cogent reason for communication failures. The paper argues against SAT (Speech Accommodation Theory) or, CAT (Communication Accommodation Theory), as later renamed, which propounds that the obstacles in communication posed by unintelligible pronunciation of the interlocutors gradually diminish when one speaker adjusts and accommodates to the pronunciation habits of the other. In other words, as the theory proposes, because of mutual respect and agreement, the interlocutors gradually get familiar with each other's phonological systems and slowly converge to the speech patterns of the people they are interacting with. This paper contradicts this view; instead, it argues that adjusting to deviations is not automatic; rather, a native speaker of English may have no intention to adapt or adjust to someone's language he/she finds incomprehensible resulting from unintelligible pronunciation; therefore, may cease to communicate with that person.


Abstract Optical measurements in the diamond anvil cell (DAC) as well as thermodynamics, show cubic GaAs I to be unstable at 300 K, at 13 GPa. The thermodynamic phase line from GaAs I to the high pressure (H.P.) form(s) is at 11 ± 2 GPa. Large hyteresis makes the actual I→II transition observable only at 17.5 ± 1 GPa.


The main point of the essay is to make distinguishable clarification and definition of the different school-rudiments of the Chinese "New Era" literary theory and then make the general but insightful depiction and description of their characters,core theories as well as the systematic school family.It has been witnessed both prosperity and complicity in the academic research field of the "New Era" literary theory which has undergone thirty-year heated debate,discussion and innovation.Under such complicated circumstance,it requires more hard-working and professional vision for the "New Era" literary theory researchers to reach a sound conclusion and to make insightful hypothesis.Hence,the retrospection of the general variable development of the Chinese literary theory during the past thirty years is of broad necessity as well as deep influence for the academic research.Moreover,by retrospection,comparison and filtration of the theory we can make the general conclusion of the rudiment of the various schools of the Chinese literary theory.


This study aimed to assess the policy and practices regarding generic substitution in public and private hospitals in Thailand. Postal self - administered questionnaires were distributed to 292 sample public and private hospitals in February 2001; response rate was 57 percent. When generic version drugs available in the country, most public hospitals outside Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) and private hospitals had no policy on what types of products (original, generic or both), to be selected into hospital formularies, while most MoPH hospitals established the rule to select only one item, namely either original or generic product. In practice, it was found that higher proportion of public than private hospitals selected generic versions. However, both types of hospitals had similar patterns of drug selection. Original products were selected by most hospitals if the drugs are classified in narrow therapeutic index (NTI) group, or required specialist prescribing, and there was very small number of generic versions available. On the other hand, for less harmful drugs, no reported problem on the quality of locally - produced generic products and a large number of generic versions were available in the market, then most hospitals selected generic products into their formularies. Public and private hospitals having both original and generic versions in their formularies had a practice of prescribing and dispensing original products regarding insurance status and affordability of the patients. It was found that more hospitals prescribed original products to the beneficiaries under Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme than to the patients under other health insurance schemes. Decision to purchase generic products, public and private hospitals paid most attentions to the local producersu Certificate on Good Manufacturing Practices, historical performance and credibility, and manufacturersu report on drug analysis. In order to promote generic prescribing, three recommendations to the overnment were made, including foster quality assurance of bio-equivalence study for all generic products, surveillance of marketed generic drug quality and effective dissemination of information on drug quality to hospitals and other purchasers Key words generic drugs, original drugs, public hospitals, private hospitals, drug quality, Thailand.


The invention discloses an electronic component removal apparatus for a circuit board. By processing the circuit board, a bare board is obtained. The circuit board comprises a board body and multiple electronic elements arranged on the board body. The electronic component removal apparatus comprises a bearing device used for fixing and bearing the circuit board, a pair of heating devices for providing temperature for fusion of solder among the electronic elements and the board body, and a brush device. The brush device comprises a brush body made by at least one brush body made by heat-resisting material and actuated in a controllable mode to shift relative to the surface of the circuit board in order to brush the electronic elements.


e19559Background: Patients taking ibrutinib are at increased risk of bleeding and atrial fibrillation / flutter (AFF). Data regarding safety of ibrutinib is mostly based on information from clinica...


well over 100 novels and short stories, some well known (as one would expect, Dickens, Thackeray and Gissing feature prominently), but many others now obscure, though popular in their day. There are some great discoveries, such as the somewhat bizarre 1875 novel Ye Vampyres, in which the Stock Exchange, after spreading ruin and misery, eventually explodes causing much loss of life. After parliament is besieged by an angry mob, it is outlawed, and replaced by a new, open market, free to all; as the news reaches the country, the church bells ring in celebration. The downside of the painstaking content descriptions and lengthy quotations is that the argument can be submerged under the weight of detail. On the other hand, the book thus acts as a valuable work of reference for anyone wishing to identify financially-themed novels from a particular period or on a particular theme: the 25 years spent researching this volume have saved other historians much time and effort. The methodology adopted serves Michie's main aim of detecting continuities and changes in cultural attitudes, but it also leaves some gaps. The relationship between novels and other forms of culture, the backgrounds and motives of authors (were they all equally ignorant?), and the role of readers, particularly readers of different classes, are left largely unexplored. Also, the absence of explicit historiographical engagement after the introduction was disappointing: it would be a shame if this denies the book the impact that it deserves. But none of this should detract from what is a significant achievement. The book offers an original and persuasive periodisation for understanding the shifting cultural status of the City, and raises fascinating questions about the relationship between economics and culture which are sure to occupy historians for some time to come.


Spatial variation of some parameters measured on two aircraft flying 100-km box and 200-km triangular patterns at low levels in the atmospheric boundary layer during the Joint Air Sea Interaction Experiment in the North Atlantic was studied. The variation should be representative of summer conditions in mid-latitude oceans. The variance density of remotely sensed sea surface temperature, corrected for sky reflection, is found to depend on the one-dimensional wave number raised to the power of approximately −5/3. Nonuniform clouds add low-frequency variance to observations of a downward looking radiometer and result in steeper slope of the spectra of uncorrected sea surface temperature. Turbulent fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and moisture were determined with the bulk formulae from the parameters (wind speed, temperature, specific humidity, and sea surface temperature) measured from the aircraft. The averages of these fluxes over each flight leg were compared with the fluxes determined from the parameters averaged over the same leg. The difference is negligible, showing that spatially averaged observations, such as those from spaceborne sensors, can be used in the bulk formulae to evaluate the fluxes.


False click beetles have been barely studied in the Korean peninsula. As a result of the present study, a total of 22 species belonging to 14 genera of Eucnemidae are reviewed from Korea, including two new species and 15 new records. Also, we conducted molecular phylogenetic study of the family Eucnemidae for estimating monophyly based on molecular fragments of mitochondrial protein coding gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, COI) and two nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) by Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis. The result of the phylogenetic analyses indicated that Eucnemidae is a monophyletic group in Elateroidea, however, mostly form paraphyly compared to previous classification in subfamily level.


This article aims to provide a discussion between the Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and Norbert Elias's sociological work on the subject of violence as a paradoxical element of the constitution and the disruption of the relationship between individual and society. According to Freud, civilization discontents determine that the cultural bases are held in an individual's conflict with the body, the external world and the others. The subject of violence is also found in Norbert Elias's work. Violence emerges from the pact rupture between state and individual and destroys the ability of the citizen to become a person. What are the implications for the psychic economy and social structures in the face of an emergency situation of violence in the public sphere? The paradoxical relationship between violence and civilization, articulated by Norbert Elias to the civilizing process, provides us with elements to answer Freud, when the psychoanalyst questions the implications caused by institutions that should give protection to individuals.


Agene-transfer approach wasused toexplore thefunction oftheBCL2(B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2)gene inahumanT-cell line, Jurkat. Though stable introduction of aBCL2expression plasmid into Jurkat Tcells wasbyitself insufficient, thecombined transfer ofBCL2andMYCgenes markedly enhanced thetumorigenicity ofthese cells inathymic mice. Moreover, aBCL2antisense expression plasmid ablated tumorformation byJurkat cells, providing further evidence that this oncogene contributes totheregulation oftheinvivo growth ofthese humanT lymphocytes. Inaddition totheir influence ontumorformation, BCL2sense andantisense expression plasmids increased anddecreased, respectively, the invitro survival ofJurkat Tcells inserum-free medium. These observations extend toTcells thefinding ofsynergy ofBCL2 with MYCpreviously reported forBcells andprovide evidence that BCL2canregulate thegrowth ofhumanTcells. TheBCL2(B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2)genebecomes


Goats is one of the breeds are quite popular with the public , but its still a limited scale with maintenance system and breeding in maize tradisional. cob an agricultural waste from the separation of the seeds on the cob should be the used of ruminant livestock as a energy of source when the corn cobs are used in the manufacture of wafer complete feed is expected to normalize the dynamic of nitrogen on the local goats . This study aims to determine the effect of wafer complete feed containing various levels of corn cobs in the form waver on nitrogen dynamic. local goats usefulness of this fieldwork is to provide information to the public , especially for farmers regarding the provision of wafer complete feed containing various levels of corn cobs in the form wafer to nitrogen dynamic. local goat goats . This research was carried out from June to August 2013 in the Faculty of Animal Feed Industry Laboratory Hasanuddin University . The design used is a Latin square design ( RBL ) 4 × 4 ( Sudjana , 1991) consists of 4 treatments and 4 replicates ( periods ) where T1 = 30 % corn cobs , T2 = 35 % corn cobs , T3 = 40 % cob corn , T4 = 45 % corn cob . Based on the analysis of variance , the treatment had no significant effect ( P > 0.05) on nitrogen metabolism . Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the treatment of the various levels of corn cobs giving no significant effect but a good waste -based feed and feed costs .


Given two projective curves of degrees d and e, at how many points do they intersect? How many circles are tangent to three given general position circles? Given r curves c1, . . . , cr in P3, how many lines meet all r curves? This paper will answer the above questions and more importantly will introduce a general framework for tackling enumerative geometry problems using intersection theory.


Background: Gastrointestinal conditions are multifactorial in nature and certain patients can benefit greatly from brain-gut psychotherapies delivered by mental health professionals who specialize in psychogastroenterology. This study aimed to identify features associated with improvements in GI-specific quality of life scores following behavioral health interventions (BHI). The second aim was to create a psychogastroenterology referral care pathway incorporating identified characteristics for greatest benefit from GI-specific behavioral therapy. Methods: We performed a prospective observational study of 101 (63 women; median age, 45 years) gastroenterology patients referred for psychogastroenterology consultation at a single center. Patients attended an average of 7 sessions with a single GI psychologist where evidence-based brain-gut psychotherapies were employed. GI-specific quality of life (IBS-QOL) and psychological distress (BSI-18) were assessed before and after BHI. Patients completed selfreported questionnaires. We performed a multivariable analysis to determine predictors associated with IBS-QOL score improvement. Key Results: 53 (52.5%) patients experienced improvement in IBS-QOL score. Patients with improved IBS-QOL scores had significantly higher baseline BSI general domain T-scores (61.9 vs. 56.9, p=0.002). Female gender (odds ratio [OR], 3.2), pre-treatment BSI Somatization T-score ≥ 63 (OR, 3.7), and a diagnosis of depression (OR, 4.2) were associated with greater odds of IBSQOL score improvement following BHI. Conclusions & Inferences: We identified factors associated with response to GI-specific BHI to aid in optimizing the utilization of psychogastroenterology services and provide referring providers with information to inform treatment recommendations. Female patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs), high somatization and depression should be considered a priority for brain-gut psychotherapies. A u th o r M a n u s c ri p t


The present research was carried out from february 2009 to february 2012, in Experimental Station �Jaime Henao Jaramillo �, Universidad Central de Venezuela, located in Guaicaipuro municipality, Miranda state, Venezuela. Some colonies of bees (Apis mellIfera ) produce more propolis than others, and this characteristic is genetically controlled; usually these propolis are produced by scraping, doubt to in certain areas the nets are full of beeswax and not with propolis. The objectives were to select and improve (genetically) propolis collector bees, and to determine seasonality in propolis production, using collector plastic screen. Base population were 50 colonies of Africanized honey bees, being evaluated 25. The best colony was selected as parent of the next generation, evaluating 11 selected colonies (S


This paper presents analyses on the trends of IS curriculum development that has evolved since its inception from the classical report by the AIS/ACM task force led by Heikki Topi and colleagues published in 2010. Based on an integrated synthesis of the literature, we categorize it into three theoretically-driven dimensions: (i) IS Curricula; (ii) Topic-Based IS Curricula, and (iii) IS Identity Crisis, followed by the identification of four empirically-driven contingencies: (i) Dangers of Legacy; (ii) Resource Competence; (iii) Technological Availability; and (iv) Trend Sensitivity. The paper presents IS curriculum development recommendations specifically driven by the four identified contingencies. Our findings inform how we design and re-design IS curricula worldwide. This in turn can influence the way we cross-fertilize with other disciplines forming a consolidated IS education that can offer the right competence to our future graduates, and will likely trigger more attention on information systems across the industry. (Less)


AbstractTo adapt to the challenges of rapidly changing global regulatory, technical and economic environments, pharmaceutical R&D organizations are combining classical project management principles and drug development teams.Several recent drug development successes in the Medical Research Division of American Cyanamid are the direct result of the clear definition of global project objectives, goals and strategies (project management) and a global team structure (development teams) to support the management of these projects.


Thermal transport of coherent phonons at a few picosecond pulse heating is studied by molecular dynamics method in the presence of diffusion. The presence of the acoustic and optical phonons at the high density heating of nanostructures has been confirmed theoretically and experimentally in the absence and presence of diffusion. In the present study, coherent phonon spectral characteristics are compared for different shapes of the heating pulse, half-pulse square, Gaussian, and triangle at the time of propagation, in the Lennard-Jones (LJ) nanoribbon model for emitted train (3 to 5) of coherent phonons. In order to analyze the spectral contributions of individual phonons, in the molecular dynamic (MD) model, density of states (DOS) at propagation subregions is utilized for identification of coherent phonon spectra for the different pulse shapes and heating times in the nanoribbon sample. The MD equations can resolve wave motion for coherent phonons over sampling subregions that correspond in size (several atomic layers) to a single phonon vibration period. However, the definition of DOS does not distinguish the spectral characteristics of each of individual phonons as well as separates the diffusional spectrum from the coherent phonons one. In the presence of diffusion, spectrum of the first generated phonon is studied by varying the coherent phonon position inside of time interval that is used for the quasi-equilibrium DOSes defined over one of the central regions. The identification of diffusional frequencies for the nanoribbon permit to extract the coherent phonon frequencies characteristic for the propagation in the nanoribbon studied. In the case of propagating coherent phonons, it was shown that the frequencies of some phonons can be identified. Increase of the temporal resolution for the DOS calculation is shown to be critical for separation of the diffusion process spectrum and the one of phonons at the same area of calculation.


Nomex honeycomb composite material is a kind of typical hardworking material, with the characteristic of anisotropy. Ultrasonic assisted cutting is a kind of high-efficient method that can get better macro processing morphology when processing honeycomb composite materials. Nomex honeycomb composite material with method of ultrasonic assisted cutting would arise varying degree of manufacturing deficiency that contains fiber pulling and the peeling off phenolic resin. In order to research the microscopic shape characteristic bringing by ultrasonic assisted cutting. Machined surfaces are observed by digital microscope, and classified by the cutting modes which contains lengthwise cutting, oblique cutting, and across cutting. Processing plane is summarized by the location of feature. Influence of feed rate and ultrasonic tool amplitude to the damage forms are researched. The result shows that the probability of phenolic resin peeling would be reduce when increasing amplitude in the range of 10μm to 30μm or decreasing feed rate of ultrasonic tool in the range of 500 mm/min to 3 500 mm/min.


An opening and closing method of a digital door lock and a device thereof are provided to prevent a stranger from opening and closing a door by driving an auxiliary power source through authentication of a first auxiliary key if a main power source of the digital door lock is discharged and authenticating a secondary password with the driven auxiliary power source. In a digital door lock(100), a main power source(110) supplies driving power to the digital door lock. An auxiliary power source(150) temporally supplies the driving power to the digital door lock. A key input unit(160) has a key insertion unit(162) and connects a power supply line through which the auxiliary power source supplies the driving power and a power applying line through which the digital door lock receives the driving power, by operating a relay of normal open contact point type installed between the power supply line and the power applying line if the key inserted into the key insertion unit is an authenticated key. A control unit(140) actuates a locking device of the door lock through the driving power supplied from the auxiliary power source if the key input unit connects the power supply line and the power applying line, when the main power source is discharged. Then, the control unit receives a password from the user and releases the locking device if the input password matches to a pre-set authentication number.


We consider the process theory PA that includes an operation for parallel composition, based on the interleaving paradigm. We prove that the standard set of axioms of PA is not w-complete by providing a set of axioms that are valid in PA, but not derivable from the standard ones. We prove that extending PA with this set yields an wcomplete specification, which is finite in a setting with finitely many actions.


The research process of threshing and redrying homogeneity processing technology was reviewed from three aspects of chemical composition,leaf structure and water,several suggestions were put forward aiming at existing problems,the application prospect of homogeneity control technology in threshing and redrying was forecasted.


This volume collects 33 papers which reassess archaeological conservation, the nature of the discipline and the directions in which it is evolving. Papers are grouped in the following sections: Defining archaeological conservation; Fieldwork and artifact stabilization; Documentation and the technical record; Archives and repositories; and Collaboration and community involvement.


Objective: To study the possible mechanism of acid resistance in acid-sensing ion channel(ASIC) 1a knockdown cells.Methods: The expression of ASIC1a in rat neuroglioma cells and hippocampal neurons was selectively depressed by using RNAi technique.The change of acid-resistant effect of these cells was observed with lactate dehydrogenase release test.Results: ASIC1a subunit knockdown significantly attenuated acidosis-induced cell injury.There were no differences in elevating acid-resistant effects in C6 cells between using amiloride(non-selective blocker of ASICs) and knocking-down ASIC1a subunit alone.Raising extracellular Ca2+concentration worsened the cell injury caused by decreasing pH value.Conclusion: Among all the other subunits of ASICs,ASIC1a may play a predominant role in acidosis-induced cell injury.One of the mechanisms may be the inhibition of extracellular Ca2+influx into the cells.It is suggested that ASIC1a is probably a potential anti-acid target molecule.


Purpose of the Study: You are being asked to participate in a research study to assess and evaluation how technology is being used for academic advising purposes in colleges and universities around the globe. The Global Community for Academic Advising (NACADA) Technology in Advising Commission and UNT Undergraduate Studies co-sponsored research is designed to examine the current use and perception of technology for advising among professional/faculty advisors, advising administration, and others in higher education. Study Procedures: You will be asked to complete an online survey of 20 closed and open questions, which will take approximately 15-20 minutes of your time to complete. The questions will ask you for your opinion and experience of using technology in advising at your college and/or university, and also to share your


The physical and financial implications of planned versus more traditional development is a topic that has been considered by planners, transportation engineers, economists, and others for over forty years. This article examines the literature of the sprawl versus growth management experience in order to classify and analyze what is known about growth management's effect on land use and infrastructure as well as on local housing and public service costs. This article examines the implications of planned versus more traditional development on: land consumption and natural habitat; public capital construction or infrastructure; private capital construction in the form of housing; and, public service costs.


Religion is closely related with folk-literature,affecting the development of folk-literature and unconsciously preserving it through collection and adaptation.Simultaneously folk-literature draws material in religion,influencing the evolvement of religion by its spreading inversely.In course of carrying out Project for Salvaging the Heritages of Folk-Culture,religion is an important component.In order to understand protection of folk-literature influenced by religion,making the religious factors among the folk-literature positive,it's necessary to comprehend the mutual effect between two roundly.


The Bragg frequency, which describes the upper limit frequency of distributed phase shifters, is a very important parameter of RF distributed MEMS phase shifters. This paper discusses in detail the underlying cause and analysis method of Bragg frequency. In addition, by using microwave network theory, the Bragg frequencies of MEMS phase shifters with different dimensions have been calculated. The simulated results demonstrate the Bragg frequency is decreased by increase of the dimension and spacing. The studied phase shifters consist of a CPW line (50Ω) periodically with MEMS bridges at a spacing of 300μm. When the widths of the center conductor are chosen to be 50μmn and 100μm, the Bragg frequency are 38.1 GHz and 27. 6 GHz, respectively. As the width of the center conductor is fixed at 100μm, the Bragg frequency reduces form 27,6 GHz to 19. 6 GHz with the spacing increasing form 300μm to 567μm. Researching the Bragg frequency will benefit the design and optimization of the distributed MEMS phase shifters.


Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication leading to high maternal, perinatal morbidity, and mortality. We aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in women with PE and compare this measurement to platelet indices as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of PE.


The invention provides an image defogging and enhancement method and device. The image defogging and enhancement method comprises the steps that a target image and a reference image are acquired, and the reference image is a clear image acquired from the scene where the target image is located; a feature image corresponding to the target image and a feature image corresponding to the reference image are calculated respectively; a mask between the target image and the reference image is constructed according to the feature image corresponding to the target image and the feature image corresponding to the reference image; a transformation coefficient of the target image is solved according to the mask; an output image corresponding to the target image is obtained through calculation according to the transformation coefficient. The image defogging and enhancement device comprises an image acquisition module, a feature calculation module, a mask construction module, a coefficient solving module and an output image calculation module. By adoption of the image defogging and enhancement method and device, images can be defogged and enhanced.


Introduction: Hydatidosis is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. People can be infected when they get worm eggs from contaminated puppies during their childhood or from sullied uncooked vegetables in sheep-raising zones of the world. Hydatid disease is generally phenomenal in children, and advanced stages of hydatidosis that are inoperable are uncommon and rarely described in the medical literature. Case presentation: We report a case of 14-year-old child diagnosed with advanced inoperable disseminated multiple hydatid cysts who presented with shortness of breath and left shoulder pain. The chest x-ray revealed a complete opacification of the left hemithorax with deviation of the trachea to the right. Thoracic computed tomography scan showed the left hemithorax occupied almost completely with multiple pulmonary, pleural, and chest wall cysts in variable sizes and sites. Abdominal ultrasound showed hepatic cysts. Serology test was positive for hydatid cyst and aspirated fluid showed well-defined scolices. Unfortunately, because of multiorgan disease and multiple cysts, surgery was abandoned at this stage, and medical treatment was started with follow-up schedule. Conclusion: In endemic areas, hydatid disease is possible among children, and having a high index of suspicion of hydatid disease is necessary. It should be among the differential diagnoses of any cystic mass lesion. Advanced disseminated disease can be seen in children and can present with generalized left chest opacity. While surgery remains the primary choice of treatment, medical treatment may be preferred in disseminated and multi-organ disease with follow-up evaluations.


The association of albuminuria with scabies has been a matter of interest, speculation and investigation for over a hundred years. Although it would seem that so simple a matter could be easily and finally settled, yet the results of investigation by different authors vary greatly, not only as to its frequency and severity, but even to its actual occurrence. LITERARY REVIEW Posner 1 found albumin in the urine of all scabies patients with his reagent. Spiegler, quoted by Hubner, also came to the same conclusion; but Hubner 2 showed that these observers had used a reagent that gave a positive reaction from dilutions of 1: 50,000 at least, and for which, as even Spiegler himself remarked, it was difficult to find albumin free controls. The reagent was also positive with peptone albuminoses and nucleo-albumins. Hubner found albumin in the urine of forty-seven out of fifty scabetic patients with Spiegler's reagent,


Geography information system of seawall and foreshore industry is important non-engineering measure in flood prevention.On the basis of management actuality of industry of seawall and foreshore,the unified data structure,the basic framework and main functions of information management system are studied,and applied in the construction of informaiton system of eight seawall management.The practice indicates that the model performs well.In this paper,the sources of the data,contents,structure,functions of the system are introduced in detaile.The design of database and some key technology are discussed.


The invention relates to a tridimensionally remote control device and a tridimensionally remote control system, to which the device is applied. The device comprises a light source, a remote control module, an image sensing module, an image processing module and a communication module. The remote control module is separated from the light source and is controlled by an operator to carry out three-dimentional motion relatively to the light source; the light emitted by the light source irradiates on the remote control module and is reflected by the remote control module to form emergent light which carries the three-dimentional motion information of the remote control module in the three-dimentional motion process and is reversely parallel to incidence light; the image sensing module is relatively fixedly arranged with the light source and used for sensing the emergent light to form images. The image processing module is connected with the image sensing module and used for processing the image generated by the image sensing module and producing signals expressing the movement of the remote control module in the three-dimentional motion process. The communication module is connected with the image processing module and used for outputting the movement signals.


The invented device realizes the secure operation device that switches the state of the computational unit. The secure switch-controlling device responds the signal of requesting the state transitionand sends the non-maskable interrupt signal to the central processing unit. The central processing unit responds the interrupt signal to execute the secure switch-controlling program. Using the said secure switch-controlling device makes the switch-connection device complete the action to switch-connect to one of devices the save two states. Moreover, after the interrupt service routine is executed completely, the said secure switch-controlling device inform the central processing unit to recover the data saved in the variable state register in the computational unit before interrupt.


Although PBL (Project Based Learning), which can practically cultivate problem solving ability, has attracted attention, it is difficult for teachers unfamiliar with PBL to provide guidance and facilitation for PBL and for PBL beginners to make progress well. In this study, to develop an adaptive support system for PBL practice, PBL themes were classified, and the representative procedure for each theme and the correspondence between the possible issues and the facilitation were clarified. As a result, it was found that themes can be classified into five types and categorized by eight kinds of activities.


This paper presents a non-invasive technique for blood glucose level estimation based on multiple regression analysis that uses the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal. Firstly, a digital bandpass filter is designed to remove the noise from the raw signal. Afterward, various parameters of the filtered signal are analyzed and the correlation between the parameters and blood glucose level is determined. Then, using multiple regression, a model has been established to estimate the blood glucose level. Finally, the predicted value obtained using multiple regression analysis was compared to the actual blood glucose value obtained from the invasive technique and to the predicted value obtained using simple linear regression analysis. It was found that percentage deviation lies within 8% in a multiple regression based model that ensures the model's accuracy and for every subject, the percentage deviation in this model is less than the percentage deviation obtained in the single parameter-based model. As this research work uses a PPG signal that is comfortable to use and the accuracy of the multiple parameter based model is higher than the single parameter based model, it will be very effective to estimate blood glucose level easily and accurately.


▪ Abstract Trans-species polymorphism (TSP) is the occurrence of similar alleles in related species. Excluding instances in which the similarity arose by convergent evolution, TSP is generated by the passage of alleles from ancestral to descendant species. Closely related, recently diverged species, such as those of the Lake Victoria cichlid flock, may share neutral alleles, but long-lasting TSPs occur only in genetic systems evolving under balancing selection. Two such systems have been studied extensively, the major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) of jawed vertebrates and the self-incompatibility (SI) system of flowering plants. Allelic lineages that diverged many millions of years ago and passed through numerous speciation events have been described in both systems. The lineages may differ at up to 50% of their coding sites, both synonymous and nonsynonymous. The differences arise by the process of incorporation of mutations, which is different from the process of fixation. TSP, on the one hand, compl...


Background: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is characterized by the presence of CD30-positive Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells. The standard of care for patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory (R/R) HL is salvage chemotherapy followed by high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT). Approximately 50% of these pts will experience relapse or progression of HL after auto-SCT. For these individuals, outcomes have historically been poor, with median overall survival (OS) from time of relapse ranging from 10.5 to 27.6 mos (Crump, 2008; Fanale, 2013). A pivotal phase 2 study evaluated brentuximab vedotin, a CD30-directed antibody-drug conjugate, in pts with R/R HL after auto-SCT (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT00848926). Primary results and 3-year follow-up data have been previously reported (Younes, 2012; Gopal, 2015). Here, we summarize final data from the 5-year follow-up period. Methods: Pts received 1.8 mg/kg brentuximab vedotin once every 3 wks as a 30-min outpatient IV infusion for up to 16 cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) per independent review according to the Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma (Cheson 2007). Assessments of response and durability of response per an independent review facility (IRF) have been previously reported. Following a protocol amendment that removed the requirement for routine CT scanning during the follow-up period, disease status was only assessed per the investigator. Survival and disease status were assessed every 3 mos for 2 yrs and then every 6 mos through Year 5. CT scans were required if progression was suspected clinically. At the time of the amendment, 18 patients were still being assessed for progression; these patients had been in long-term follow-up for a median of over 30 months. Results: The enrolled population of 102 pts (53% female) was heavily pretreated and had a median age of 31 yrs (range, 15-77 yrs). Pts received a median of 9 cycles (range, 1-16) of brentuximab vedotin. Per investigator, the ORR to brentuximab vedotin was 72% and complete remission (CR) rate was 33%. The most common treatment-related adverse events were peripheral sensory neuropathy, nausea, fatigue, neutropenia, and diarrhea. Adverse events of Grade 3 or higher that occurred in ≥5% of pts were neutropenia, peripheral sensory neuropathy, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. At study closure, which occurred approximately 5 yrs after the last patient9s end-of-treatment visit, the median observation time for all enrolled patients from first dose was 35.1 mos (range, 1.8 to 72.9). The estimated 5-year overall survival rate was 41% (95% CI: 31 %, 51%) and the median OS was 40.5 mos (95% CI: 28.7, 61.9 [range, 1.8 to 72.9+]). Median OS by best clinical response was CR (n=34): median not reached; partial remission (PR, n=39): 39.4 mos; and stable disease (SD, n=28): 18.3 mos. The median PFS was 9.3 months overall, but was not reached in CR pts. Of the 102 enrolled patients, 15 remained in follow-up and in remission at study closure. Among these 15 pts, 6 received consolidative allo-SCT and 9 have received no further therapy since completing brentuximab vedotin. Conclusions: These end-of-study results demonstrate that single agent brentuximab vedotin can induce durable remissions and long-term survival in a subset of heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory HL, particularly in pts that achieve CR. A randomized phase 3 study is being conducted to evaluate brentuximab vedotin in combination with AVD (doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) versus ABVD (A, bleomycin, VD) for frontline treatment of advanced HL (ECHELON-1 trial, ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01712490). Disclosures Chen:Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Gopal:BMS: Research Funding; Piramal: Research Funding; Emergent/Abbott: Research Funding; Millenium: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy; Spectrum: Consultancy, Research Funding; BioMarin: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sanofi-Aventis: Honoraria; Merck: Research Funding. Smith:Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Ansell:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Celldex: Research Funding. Rosenblatt:Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. Savage:Seattle Genetics: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; BMS: Honoraria; Infinity: Honoraria; Roche: Other: Institutional research funding. Connors:Roche: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. Engert:Takeda Millenium: Honoraria, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria, Research Funding. Larsen:Seattle Genetics Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Huebner:Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Fong:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Younes:Janssen: Honoraria; Novartis: Research Funding; Incyte: Honoraria; Takeda Millenium: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Bristol Meyer Squibb: Honoraria; Curis: Research Funding; Bayer: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sanofi-Aventis: Honoraria; Johnson and Johnson: Research Funding.


This document provides a discussion of the purposes and contents of each of the various elements presented in each technology section. The document explains what information is provided in each technology subsection, how the Agency intends to use the information as part of its BDAT program, and how the Agency intends to modify the treatment-technology discussions as more treatment data and information become available.


EDRS Price MF-$0.25 Analog Computers, *Audiovisual Aids, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Based Laboratories, Curriculum Enrichment, *Enrichment Activities, Gifted, *Honors Classes, Honors Curriculum, Lecture, Mediation Theory, *Military Schools, Physics Curriculum, *Physics Instruction Spearman Brown Prophecy Formula, *United States Air Force Academy Freshmen cadets in an enriched mediated honors course in General Physics achieved slightly less on a 40 common-item criteria test than cadets in a traditionally taught honors course in the same subject, although the mediated course included approximately 40 percent more content in the area of modern physics. In the enriched course, audiovisual aids and devices were used on a large scale during lecture hours, and the analog computer was substituted for traditional laboratory demonstrations to illustrate complex physical phenomena. The results were interpreted to mean that extensive acceleration and enrichment of the course were made possible through mediation at only a tiny cut in terms of achievement of the traditional material. No immediate attempt was made to assess attitudes, but in a later study of the same course 70 percent of the cadets were pleased with mediated overview lectures, 93 percent with the use of audiovisual aids, and 80 percent with the use of the analog computer. (Author) U.S. DEPARTMENT Of HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT NAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION GR POLICY. QUALITATIVE EFFECTS OF INCREASING SUBJECT MATTER CONTENT AND MEDIATING CERTAIN LECTURE PORTIONS OF AN HONORS COURSE IN COLLEGE PHYSICS Major Dale E. McHenry Major James L. Griggs, Jr. it Col Michael J. Grady, Jr. Capt Edward A. Peterson Capt Victor E. Rozeboom United States Air Force Academy


Background: When the hands, axillae and soles of the feet are excessively perspirated, it can be debilitating. Type A botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) prevents sweating by preventing sweat glands from releasing acetylcholine. Objective: This study aimed to assess role of Botulinum toxin type A injection versus placebo treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis. Patients and Methods: twenty four patients presented with primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) were collected from Dermatology Outpatient Clinics, Zagazig University Hospital. Their left hands were treated by placebo and their right hands were treated using BTX-A injection. Results: Improvement of HDSS (score 4) regarding treatment modalities. HDSS (score 4) before treatment improved after to be 6.7%, 66.7%,8.3%,8.3% score 1, score 2, score 3, score 4 in right side treated with Botulinum toxin type A injection ,versus 16.7%, 33.3%,20.8%, in left side treated with placebo treatment. There was significant high percent of excellent response for Botulinum toxin type A injection among females and patients with delay onset of disease (p<0.05). Conclusion: BTX injections appear to be more effective than placebo. It's still one of the most popular noninvasive cosmetic procedures, and neurotoxin. BTX is still an effective and predictable agent.


The article presents the results concerning the use of clustering methods to identify signals of acoustic emission (AE) generated by partial discharge (PD) in oil-paper insulation. The conducted testing featured qualitative analysis of the following clustering methods: single linkage, complete linkage, average linkage, centroid linkage and Ward linkage. The purpose of the analysis was to search the tested series of AE signal measurements, deriving from three various PD forms, for elements of grouping (clusters), which are most similar to one another and maximally different than in other groups in terms of a specific feature or adopted criteria. Then, the conducted clustering was used as a basis for attempting to assess the effectiveness of identification of particular PD forms that modelled exemplary defects of the power transformer's oil-paper insulation system. The relevant analyses and simulations were conducted using the Matlab estimation environment and the clustering procedures available in it. The conducted tests featured analyses of the results of the series of measurements of acoustic emissions generated by the basic PD forms, which were obtained in laboratory conditions using spark gap systems that modelled the defects of the power transformer's oil-paper insulation.


Nine wheat cultivars with different protein contents, GMP content, wet gluten content, SDS sedimentation, and dough stability time at maturity were classified into three groups: high GMP content and high dough stability time, low GMP content and low dough stability time, and medium GMP content and medium dough stability time. The dynamic changes in the content of soluble protein and the activity of the enzymes in relation to protein synthesis and degradation and their relationships to characteristics of processing quality were studied during grain filling. The results showed that protein content was not related to wet GMP content, SDS sedimentation, and dough stability time but GMP content was significantly related to the said indices, implying that GMP content was more representative to processing quality than protein content. During the early period of grain filling NR and GS activities had significants effect on soluble protein content and during the later period EP, CP and AP activities has significant effects. The group with high GMP content had higher soluble protein content than other groups. The above results indicated that during grain filling, higher soluble protein level, namely high NR and GS activities during the prophase and metaphase, and high EP, CP, and AP activities during the metaphase and anaphase, was the physiological basis for high GMP content.