Regression models of the proportional hazard type are applied to investigate the effect of certain covariates on the survival function of some cancer patients. The censored survival data for these patients were taken from a survey conducted by the Queensland Melanoma Project through which there are available histories of all malignant melanoma cases in Queensland for the period 1963–1969; follow‐up data on these cases were considered up to mid‐1976. One of the results of the survival analysis shows that the well‐known empirical observation that women have a better prognosis than men can be explained by the existence of a significant interaction between sex and the anatomical site of the lesion.


Smartphone addiction is a habit or behavior that cannot be controlled when hold or use a smartphone. That behavior changes the human personality that interfere with their daily habits and activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smartphone addiction and psychological well-being in adolescents. This study uses Quantitative Method with 349 adolescents, aged 10-22 years old (according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia number 25 of 2014 and John Santrock 2003) with smartphones usage habit. By using Non Probability sampling technique, namely Convenience Sampling, using the SAS-SV (Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version) scale and the Ryff Psychological well-being scale has distributed via google form. The results of this study obtaine a correlation coefficient value (r) = -0.255 and a significance value of 0.000 (ρ<0.05). This result shows the relationship between smartphone addiction and psychological well-being in adolescents.


The walls of downtown Buenos Aires displayed a new and haunting image in the weeks before the inauguration of President Raúl Alfonsín in December, 1983: black, outlined silhouettes of human beings, each accompanied by a name. The ghost-like figures represented those who had 'disappeared' in the military's proclaimed 'war against subversion'. They testified silently but eloquently to the memory of the victims of that experience in the thoughts of many Argentines, and foreshadowed what was to become one of the most vexing political problems for the new civilian government. Among the many difficulties bequeathed to President Alfonsín by the military juntas who ruled Argentina for the eight preceding years, first among these in ethical exigency was the question of what to do concerning los desaparecidos.


Aim To develop a simple,rapid,and sensitive dissolution determination method of pioglitazone hydrochloride in pioglitazone hydrochloride and metformin hydrochloride sustained-released compound tablets.Methods A high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed with a mobile phase containing a mixture of methanol and ammonium acetate solution(0.025 mol·L-1)in the ratio of 65∶35.The flow rate was 1 ml·min-1 and effluents were monitored at 229 nm.Results The linear correlation was good for pioglitazone hydrochloride in the range of 0.5~20.2 mg·L-1(r=0.999 9).Sample solutions were stable in 8 hours.RSD for accuracy was 0.92%,and the median coefficient of recovery was 100.2%.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and reproducible.


An application of ultrasonics to diagnose material degradation by the long-term operation of power plants was discussed. The simulation of degradation caused by long-term operation was made by applying several heat treatments to alloy steels. The relationship between ultrasonic characteristics and microstructure of the plant steels was discussed. Ultrasonic measurement was recognized as a potential means for the diagnosis of degradation.


Frequency is one factor describing air motion which is also an important parameter affecting human thermal response. This study investigated preferred frequencies in an isothermal environment for subjects in a the neutral to warm state. The temperature ranged from 26℃ to 30.5℃ and the relative humidity ranged from 35% to 65%. The results using a subjective assessment method (votes) showed that temperature and humidity do significantly affect the preferred frequencies with more than 80 percent of the subjects chosing frequencies from 0.3 to 0.5Hz. With increasing frequency, the "sensed velocity" of the air movement decreased. This study and Fanger's experimental results both prove that air movements with frequencies from 0.3 to 0.5Hz have the strongest cooling effect on the human body.


We give a possible extension for shears and overshears in the case of two non commutative (quaternionic) variables in relation with the associated vector fields and flows. We present a possible definition of volume preserving automorphisms, even though there is no quaternionic volume form on $\mathbb{H}^2$ . Using this, we determine a class of quaternionic automorphisms for which the Ander- sen-Lempert theory applies. Finally, we exhibit an example of a quaternionic automor- phism, which is not in the in the closure of the set of finite compositions of volume preserving quaternionic shears.


Community Design is the result of a natural and healthy evolution in the broader sphere of design. While on the one hand design today still directs significant attention, care and resources to the design of objects, services and consumer products, sometimes useful and sustainable, sometimes neither useful nor ethical, on the other hand there is a thriving investment by the youngest designers in virtuous cultural, environmental and social processes of mediation, reconfiguration and interaction between communities and the territories they belong to, with a more humanistic than technocratic approach. A field in which the designer cooperates closely and throughout the entire design process with local residents in multidisciplinary groups, enriched with new experts in the humanities such as philosophers, geographers, anthropologists and ethnographers. Through a couple of comparative case studies of projects run in Lebanon and Italy, the paper wants to discuss the importance for designers to use an anthropological approach for the development of new items, using the narrative tool to embrace the entire symbolic and rhetorical form of rural traditions in their projects. With regard to the narrative and experiential design approach applied in these projects, the anthropological concept that lies at the root of these experiments, of man as part of the environment, man understood as an organism within organisms, immersed in a continuous and swirling morphing of things, surfaces, volumes and therefore also of being, that can shape us too, and modify our work in a reciprocal relational interaction with the things themselves.


It is of great industrial interest and academic importance to investigate current harmonics impacts on AC losses of superconductors, especially in large-scale power devices. However, only effect of amplitude of in-phase current harmonics on AC loss has been studied in the works of literature. We numerically characterized nonsinusoidal AC loss of superconducting tape carrying harmonic currents with orders below 20th versus phase angles. A drastic AC loss variation was found when phase angle was considered for harmonic components. We observed that different harmonic orders show different AC loss profile versus phase angle.


Results are presented from a study of (100)Si substrates, hydrogenated by plasma immersion ion implantation with H+ ions with energy of 2 keV and fluence varying from 1013 to 1015 cm−2. The implanted Si substrates were oxidized at considerably low Si oxidation temperatures of 700 and 750oC. The formed structures are characterized by electroreflectance (ER) spectroscopy. The implanted Si surface was accessed through the ultrathin oxide layer. From the ER spectra the characteristic energetic bands of direct electron transitions in Si and the corresponding broadening parameters are elaborated. The shifts of the direct energy gap are related to the process induced stress in implanted Si that does not exceed 109 N/m2. The phenomenological broadening parameters Γ are below 130 meV and H+ implanted Si with fluence of 1013 cm−2 has a value of 100 meV. The slight increase of Γ as compared to the unimplanted Si is due to incomplete anneal of ionization induced defects. The oxidation rates of the H+ implanted Si increases to values being characteristic for Si wet oxidation.


Disruption mitigation remains a critical, unresolved challenge for ITER. To aid in addressing this challenge, a shattered pellet injection (SPI) system was installed on JET and experiments conducted at a range of thermal energy fractions and stored energies in excess of 7 MJ. The primary goals of these experiments were to investigate the efficacy of the SPI on JET and the ability of the plasma to assimilate multiple pellets. Single pellet injections produced a saturation in total radiated energy (W rad) with increasing injected neon content, suggesting total radiation of stored thermal energy. Further increases in injected neon quantities resulted in reduced cooling times and current quench (CQ) durations, indicating higher impurity assimilation. No significant variation in CQ duration or W rad was observed when varying the deuterium content at fixed neon quantities. Higher assimilation, inferred by shorter CQ durations, was measured when a mechanical punch was used to launch the pellets and this was attributed to a lower pellet velocity leading to higher solid content in the pellet plume and larger fragments penetrating deeper into the plasma. Radiation asymmetries averaged over the cooling time were inferred from Emis3D and ranged from 1.6 to 1.9. Asymmetries averaged over the entire disruption sequence were found to increase at higher thermal energy fractions. The radiated energy fractions decreased with increasing thermal energy fractions but this trend was eliminated when toroidal asymmetries were accounted for with Emis3D. Pure deuterium pellets were able to produce cooling times of up to 75 ms with a gradual loss in thermal stored energy of up to 80%. Experiments with multiple pellet injection indicated W rad can be increased through pellet superposition and density can be increased with an additional D2 injection without a reduction in W rad. KPRAD modelling accurately reproduced the cooling times and the CQ duration at high thermal energies. Assimilation estimates from KPRAD indicated CQ rates scale strongly whilst W rad scales weakly and saturates with assimilated neon content. Comparable W rad can be achieved with lower assimilated neon quantities as longer cooling times are attained. Thus reduced neon content can be preferential in a thermal load mitigation scheme as it may reduce radiation asymmetries and prevent flash melting.


This study explores the failure of Thailand's Smart ID Card project through the lens of the actornetwork theory. It was found that the cause of failure came from (1) errors in problematization that initiated starting point failure, (2) incomplete interessement that created more chance of failure, and (3) uncontrolled chaos in the enrolment process.


Objective:To study the effect of Shugan Hewei Granules(SHG) for hypnotic and gastrointestinal dynamic promotion.Methods:The hypnotic effect of SHG with threshold dosage and subthreshold of pentobarbital sodium was applied for hypnotizing tests;defecation and intestinal propulsion tests were adopted to determine the effect of SHG on gastrointestinal dynamic in normal mice and models of enteroparalysis induced by atropine sulfate.Results:SHG could markedly prolong the sleep time induced by sodium pentobarbital in threshold dosage,increase the rate of falling asleep in subthreshold dosage,improve the velocity of intestinal movement and defecation in both normal mice and the models of mice.Conclusion:SHG possesses a certain effects of hypnotic and gastrointestinal dynamic promotion.It is considered that the mechanism of promotion of gastrointestinal dynamic is partly related with hypnotic effect,and is proved that the reasonableness on the treatment of TCM for insomnia.


The digital bandpass filter in frequency domain plays a key role in Fourier transformation profilometry( FTP). Considering the variations of optical geometry and relevant parameters in FTP,an automatic selection method for parameters of bandpass filter in FTP is presented in this paper. In the proposed method,with only one frame of deformed fringe pattern,numerical differentiation is applied to the Fourier frequency spectrum of the deformed fringe pattern in FTP,in order to find roughly the initial center position of base frequency; next,image histogram and threshold segmentation techniques are used to process the Fourier frequency spectrum to automatically and accurately obtain the center frequency and bandwidth of the bandpass filter,so to realize the automatic processing of frequency filtering. The proposed method can automatically adapt to the variations of optical geometry and relevant parameters in FTP,can make the FTP produce its advantage in dynamic measure,and it will find wide application in engineering. Computer simulation and experimental results with real data show the validity of the proposed method.


The seismotectonic characteristics of 1983–1984, 1993 and 2005 swarms in Andaman Sea are analysed. These swarms are characterised by their typical pulsating nature, oval shaped geometry and higher b values. The migration path of the swarms from north to south along the Andaman Spreading Ridge is documented. While the first two swarms are located along existing mapped rift segments, the 2005 swarm appears to have generated a new rift basin along 8°N. The analysis and supporting evidences suggest that these swarms were generated by intruding magmatic dyke along the weak zones in the crust, followed by rifting, spreading and collapse of rift walls. CMT solutions for 2005 swarm activity indicate that intrusion of magmatic dyke in the crustal weak zone is documented by earthquakes showing strike slip solution. Subsequent events with normal fault mechanism corroborate the rift formation, collapse and its spreading.


'Ictal SPECT in patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder' by in Brain . In this article, the authors evidence brain regions activated during an episode of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) using ictal single photon emission tomography (SPECT). Four patients were included in this study: one with idiopathic RBD, one with RBD and Parkinson's disease, and two with RBD and narcolepsy. Ictal SPECT in an RBD episode as compared to wakefulness revealed RBD-related activations in the bilat-eral premotor areas, the interhemispheric cleft, the peria-queductal area, the dorsal and ventral pons and the anterior lobe of the cerebellum in all patients, thus bypassing the basal ganglia. The also claim this to be the first study to report results with ictal SPECT in patients with idiopathic RBD, or associated with Parkinson's disease or narcolepsy. We here dispute this claim.


The invention relates to acrylic acid emulsion and functional acrylic acid emulsion for an unshadowed protective film comprising the same. The acrylic acid emulsion is compounded with an external cross-linking agent to obtain the functional acrylic acid emulsion for the unshadowed protective film which can be applied to a high-finish stainless steel mirror board to form the unshadowed protective film. A preparation method of the acrylic acid emulsion comprises the following steps of: 1) performing polymerization on a functional monomer and an acrylic ester monomer by pre-emulsification and seeding polymerization processes to prepare an acrylic ester polymer, wherein a comonomer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 20 percent of the functional monomer, 5 to 10 percent of hard acrylic ester monomer, 10 to 20 percent of medium soft acrylic ester monomer and 50 to 80 percent of soft acrylic ester monomer; Tg of the hard acrylic ester monomer is more than or equal to 36 DEG C; Tg of the medium soft acrylic ester monomer is between 35 and -25 DEG C; and Tg of the soft acrylic ester monomer is less than or equal to -24 DEG C; and 2) adjusting the pH value of the polymer emulsion prepared in the step 1) to be alkalescent to obtain the acrylic acid emulsion.


After financial crisis,U.S.launched a series of policies to re-balance the global economy.But very few scholars make quantitative research on the impact of these policies,therefore,this paper uses the dynamic GTAP-Dyn model to estimate the macro-economic impact of the U.S.savings rate's rising on China.Model results show that compared with the baseline scenario,in 2015 China's economy and welfare will have a small positive benefit,while the U.S.will have a negative effect.At the same time,China's real exchange rate will appreciate because of increasing cost of production factors.In addition,the measure will increase the proportion of China's domestic demand and reduce reliance on external demand;which will promote China's economic development.From the perspective of industry output,there is a slight negative impact on the majority of Chinese industries,while a positive impact on the U.S.industry.From the Sino-US trade,due to the demand effect,exports of agricultural products and processed products from China to U.S.have a negative impact.In contrast,exports of manufactured goods from U.S.to China increase significantly because of the substitution effect.Finally,the paper puts forward policy recommendations.


Assuming the existence of stationary metastable states (SMS's), and using general thermodynamic arguments, we prove that a positive Kauzmann temperature exists for SMS's provided the ideal glass energy is higher than the crystal energy at absolute zero. We confirm the general predictions by two exact calculations, one of which is not mean-field.


A low temperature (LT=77 K) processing technique was used for Schottky metal deposition on InGaAs. The Schottky barrier height of Ag/InGaAs contact processed at low temperature was found to be 0.64 eV. This value is more than two times higher than that of the barrier height of 0.30 eV obtained from the sample processed at room temperature (RT). The enhanced Schottky contacts are superior for the application on high performance semiconductor photodetectors. The current–voltage–temperature (I–V–T) measurements were conducted to study the current transport mechanism. Atomic force microscope was used to study the surface morphology correlating with the electrical properties. The LT metal showed cracked structure, which combined by islands, while the RT metal surface appeared to be more uniform with some sharp dots.


Theimplementation ofaninfinite horizon regulator which allows incorporation ofbothinput andstate constraints inareceding horizon feedback strategy is presented. Thisimplementation guarantees nominal closed loop stability oftheconstrained regulator for bothstable andustable discrete linear systems with feasible constraints. Feasibility oftheconstraints can always beachieved forstable systems byremoving the state constraints atthebeginning oftheinfinite horizon.Forunstable systems, constrained stabilzability isrequired toensure feasibility.


The three LISA spacecraft must monitor changes in their relative separation to about 10 pm. The various operating modes during the mission lifetime will be summarized, and the science mode will be described in detail. The science operations involve the optical system, the attitude and position control system, the on-board processing for signal extraction, telemetry and ground operations. The instrumental origins of the anticipated LISA sensitivity curve will also be described.


The ATLAS Event Monitoring service (Emon) is a CORBA-based Peer-to-Peer data distribution framework, which has been implemented for CERN's forthcoming particle physics experiment ATLAS. Its purpose is to sample collision events from various stages of the data flow chain and efficiently distribute them to the users. Starting from a centralized predecessor version, this paper discusses various technical details of the current implementation along with a comparative study of communication complexity and scalability and a presentation of practical test results obtained during the HLT/DAQ large scale and performance test period in July 2005. Apart from that, a recent addition allowing users the parallel analysis of event data will be presented.


The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for parameterizing and / or configuring a switching device (2, 2 ', 4). An improved parameter setting, configuration and / or programming of a switching device (2, 2 'to provide, 4) it is proposed that a diagnostic module (1) of the switching device (2, 2', 4) comprises a storage means, which for storing parameter data and / or configuration data of the switching device (2, 2 ', 4) is provided, wherein the diagnostic module (1) is designed such that it for parameterization, configuration and / or programming of the switching device (2, 2', 4) stored in the storage means parameter data and / or configuration data to the switching device (2, 2 ', 4) sends.


The manifestation of coal-rock dynamic disasters in deep mining is complicated and affected by many factors.On the basis of a comprehensive analysis on various factors,the sensitive predication indicators are identified,the risk grade is classified,a method is proposed which can organically unify qualitative and quantitative indicators to predicate coal-rock dynamic disasters based on the UOWA operator.Therefore,the problem that predication indicators are between intervals is solved,the predication accuracy and operability are improved.The feasibility of the method is verified by field application of the fifth9.10-12160 face of Pingmei 8th Mine.


On the basis of necessity for setting two way inter-tripping protection of power supply system for present Urban Mass Transit, comprehensively analysis and discussion is made in the article, in aspects of requirements of protection, operation reliability and input investment. Raises the feasibility of replacement of two way inter-tripping protection by current rate protection


In the indoor Inertial Navigation System/Ultra-Wide Band (INS/UWB) tightly coupled navigation system, the filtering performance of the extended Kalman filter would be degraded when the statistical characteristics of system noises are unknown or inaccurate. To solve this problem, a novel adaptive EKF based on maximum likelihood principle is presented. Firstly, a two-dimensional kinematic model of the test vehicle is established, and a third-order Auto-Regressive model is introduced to model the noise of the low-cost inertial measurement unit. According to the MLP, an objective function consisting of measurement noise matrix and predicted error covariance matrix is constructed. Then, the problem of online estimation of system noise statistic is transformed into optimizing the objective function, which is iteratively computed by the expectation maximization technique. Subsequently, the AEKF with a time-varying noise estimator is presented. Finally, an indoor test vehicle motion platform is built. Experiment results demonstrate that, compared with the classical EKF, the positioning accuracy of AEKF is improved significantly under the two conditions of pedestrian interference and obstacle interference, which shows the promising potential of the proposed AEKF in improving positioning accuracy and robustness of the INS/UWB system.


This document was made with the objective to understand, since the psychoanalysis of Munchausen syndrome by proxy, that there are some mothers which children get sick by them, and this is not limited as result of a person?s behavior (mother). The psychoanalytic aspect try to give its own point of view for this syndrome, where the psychoanalytic conceptualizations as the paternal function by Lacan, the symptom and its formation, the repression, the unconscious and the pulsion, help to establish, that, sicken a child, is not just a manner that endangers the child?s life, it is a way to show that, in the unconscious exist a particular mark of the mother?s living style, which has not been processed in the correct way. Two cases were diagnosed at work by the Care Clinic of the abused child, National Institute of Pediatrics, which helped to know the mother?s position since the psychoanalytic perspective, even without the mother?s presence. We didn?t find, in the literature, a treatment that shows information of mothers which have been involved in a success process like this before, this is another reason to include in a multidisciplinary treatment, a psychological therapy influenced by a psychoanalytic tendency where is very important the unconscious demonstration. This research will give a different perspective of Munchausen syndrome by proxy, where beside the disorder in the DMS-IV diagnostic manual and the mental disorder statistic, make a real reference of the Freud works and some Lacan?s publications, to give unconscious a real importance in the clinic?s real space, helping the mother an opportunity to set in another place, where does not damage the child?s health.


A key parameter that determines the distributional impacts of a policy shift in general equilibrium models is the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor. Despite the importance of this parameter in applied modeling, its identification continues to pose a challenge. Given the structure of most growth models, we posit that the true relationship between capital and labor is likely to be close to Cobb- Douglas. Using a rich new data set from the Bureau of Economic Analysis, we estimate substitution elasticities for 28 industries, which cover the entire economy, and provide an indication of the long- and short-run estimates. We fail to reject the Cobb-Douglas specification in 20 of the 28 industries. These findings lend support to the Cobb-Douglas specification as a transparent starting point in simulation analysis.


The evolution of a Gaussian vortex subject to a weak-external-random n-fold multipolar strain field is examined using fully nonlinear simulations. The simulations show that at large Reynolds numbers, fine scale steps form at the periphery of the vortex, before merging, generally leaving one large step, which acts as a barrier between the vorticity within the coherent core and the surrounding, well mixed, "surf zone." It is shown for n = 2 that the width and the number of fine scale steps which initially form at the periphery of the vortex is dependent on the strain parameters, but that the range of radial values for which steps initially occur is only dependent on n and the amplitude of the strain field. A criteria is developed which can predict this range of radial values using the linear stability results of Le Dizes ["Non-axisymmetric vortices in two-dimensional flows," J. Fluid Mech. 406, 175 (2000)]. This criteria is based upon the perturbation vorticity needing to be larger than some fraction of the...


The invention provides an image-capturing device and an image-capturing method. It is determined that a dynamic range of an image is to be widened when a subject lightness value is equal to or lower than a lightness value upper limit which is greater than a predetermined lightness value provided that at least either the subject lightness value is equal to or greater than the predetermined lightness value or that an image-capturing frame rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined frame rate. When a determination to widen the dynamic range is made, synthetic image data is generated by combining image data in a plurality of frames captured over varying exposure times. Then, the synthetic image data is displayed or recorded.


Subjective participation is a key factor for implementation of mathematical course.It can create ideal state of mathematical course.This paper discussed how to achieve subjective participation during mathematical teaching.


A novel algorithm for estimating multi-dimensional damped harmonics is proposed. A matrix polynomial is formed from the weighed sum of multiple shift invariances contained in the data model. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived that reveal that the damped harmonics can be uniquely determined from the roots of the matrix polynomial. The proposed algorithm reveal a seamless link between two important classes of search free subspace methods. The classical rooting based harmonic estimation methods that exploit the complete invariance structure and the single invariance ESPRIT algorithms. We show that both approaches can be expressed under this general framework by an appropriate choice of the weights.


Rangelands are known for their potential in mitigating rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the world. The objective of this study was to investigate the patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) in rangelands under traditional management systems in Karamoja sub-region in Uganda, with a view to facilitating the development of appropriate and strategic management practices for the rangeland resources. The study was conducted during the wet season of the sub-region. Four land use/cover types (cropland, grassland, woodland and thickets/shrubland) were laid out in a completely randomised design. Soil samples were collected from four plots each one measuring 50 m x 40 m in each land use/cover type. A diagonal design was used for sample collection at depths of 0 - 15 and 15 - 30 cm. Results showed that at both soil depths, croplands had the lowest mean SOC and highest N; while grasslands had the highest SOC. Also, cropland recorded the highest mean soil bulk density at both depths. Based on soil analysis only, this study showed that conversion to cropland over a specified period of time can considerably reduce the ability of rangelands to sequester carbon. Further studies to include assessment of carbon stocks in the respective vegetation biomass are recommended.


Carbon layers were fabricated on silicon carbide by chlorination reaction at temperatures between and with gas mixtures. The effect of reaction temperature on the micro-structures and tribological behavior of SiC derived carbon layer was investigated. Tribological tests were carried out ball-on-disk type wear tester. Carbon layers were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy and surface profilometer. Both friction coefficients and wear rates were maintained low values at reaction temperature up to but increased suddenly above this temperature. Variation of surface roughness as a function of reaction temperature was dominant factor affecting tribological transition behavior of carbon layer derived from silicon carbide at high temperature.


The theme of climate change is an object of research in different areas, including science teaching. In this paper, we aim to describe different approaches to climate change in science education research. To do so, we carried out a bibliographical survey in journals in the area of science teaching and in full papers presented at the ENPEC, from 2004 to 2014. Fifteen publications were collected, in which we observed that the theme of climate change is based on the notion of controversial issues; with the objective of scientific dissemination; through scientific literacy processes or through the contextualization of science teaching contents.


This paper presents a study of combustion in the combustion chamber by CFD to analysis of models CAN TYPE. By studying the impacts of changing the fuel injectors. The increase - the rate of flow of air into the combustion chamber. The results of modeling the combustion chamber at flow rate 0.22 kg/s. The volume of   gas, the rest of the reaction burns about 0.09 .Temperature in the combustion chamber during the Primary zone is about 773.7 K and Dilution zone at the outlet is about 1,090 K. Vector of velocity increased at nearly for fuel injection and gradually decreased when the air fuel mixture. And to speed up the exit of the burner. It was found that the Primary zone will be swirling in the combustion chamber to the air fuel mixture tends to burn more completely. บทคดยอ งานวจยนนำเสนอการศกษารปแบบการเผาไหมในหองเผาไหม แบบ CAN TYPE โดยวธเชงตวเลข โดยศกษาผลกระทบอนเกดจากการเปลยนแปลงตำแหนงของหวฉดเชอเพลง การเพม-ลดอตราการไหลของปรมาณอากาศททางเขาหองเผาไหม จากผลการวเคราะหแบบจำลองหองเผาไหม พบวาทอตราการไหลของอากาศททางเขาหองเผาไหม 0.22 kg/s มปรมาณกาซ ทเหลอจากการเกดปฏกรยาเผาไหมประมาณ 0.09 ของมวล  อณหภมในหองเผาไหมชวง Primary zone มคาประมาณ 773.7 K และบรเวณเจอจาง (Dilution Zone)อณหภมททางออกอยทประมาณ 1,090 K ความเรวภายในหองเผาไหมจะมความเรวสงทหวฉดเชอเพลงและคอยๆลดลงเมอมการผสมระหวางอากาศกบเชอเพลง และจะเพมความเรวขนทบรเวณทางออกของหองเผาไหม จะพบวาบรเวณ Primary zone จะมการหมนวนภายในหองเผาไหมเพอผสมผสานระหวางอากาศกบเชอเพลงทำใหการเผาไหมมแนวโนมสมบรณขน


Mikio Abstract This paper aims to describe an industrial application of the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The DEM is often employed in granular and solid-fluid mixture systems. The DEM is a Lagrangian approach, where individual particles are simulated based on Newton's second law of motion. In my group, novel models are developed to apply the DEM in industrial powder systems, i.e., coarse grain model of the DEM for efficient calculation of large-scale powder systems and combination of signed distance functions and immersed boundary method for efficient creation of arbitrary shaped wall boundary. These models are shown to be crucial for a numerical simulation of an industrial powder


was also more authentically "Romanian" than that of the immigrants from the Old Kingdom. These two essays are fairly representative of the book as a whole. The majority of the papers are thought provoking and point to the future of scholarship about and from Central Europe. They are the seeds of promising journal articles, dissertations, and monographs. As to be expected with conference proceedings, most of the papers are very brief and some are in need of significant editorial revision. Unfortunately, the book is lacking in some basic technical aspects. There are numerous grammatical mistakes, the page layout is at times awkward, and many of the charts and graphics are poorly situated or mislabeled. Finally, an index would have made this book more useful for scholars. The editor and the publishers at CEU are to be complimented on the speed with which they brought this edition out. It is a shame that it came at the expense of accuracy and finish.


Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) contains high concentrations of dissolved metals and sulfates at low pH. Studies with activated sludge have indicated that biological treatment of AMD, mediated by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). is a feasible alternative. The objectives of the current study were, to establish conditions for maximum production of sulfide and alkalinity , and to provide an overall picture of the effect of COD/ ~01'ratios on sulfate reduction activity. Anaerobic reactors utilizing activated sludge (0.7% TSS, COD=9820 m&) were operated. Maximum sulfide and alkalinity production for batch reactors (385 mg/L and 3004 mg/L ) occurred at COD/ SO~" ratio 2.0; for semicontinuous reacton, maximum sulfide (4 16 m e ) and alkalinity (2923 rng/L) was produced at COD/ SO~" ratio 2.0 with 12 days HRT. Sulfate reduction in batch reactors was greatest (98%) at COD/ SO~" ratio 3.0 and in semi-continuous reactors, a 74% reduction occurred ai COD1 SO~" ratio 5.0 and 1 2 days HRT. 1 wish to thank several people without whom the undertaking of this thesis would have been impossible. Fint and foremost, for their invaluable help in the suggestion, supervision and direction of this project, 1 must thank Professor J.G. Henry. my thesis supervisor, as well as the ever-kindly Mr. Durga Prasad. Durga especially was more than generous with his time and effort in assisting me with the set-up. experimentation and analysis of the research, and his encouragement was constant. Both he and Professor Henry were patient in the extrerne in awaiting the completion of this manuscript. I am dso grateful to Professor J. Ganczarczyk for k i n g the second reader. In addition, 1 wish to thank my dear family without whose loving support this work would not have ken finished: my parents, Dr. K. Balbir Singh and Mn. Kulwinder Dhillon, for their investrnent in my early education, and their eternal confidence in me, as well as my wife Nicola Mooney. who took great pains to help me throughout. Her assistance with typing and talking me through the rough spots were only the beginning of her great contribution to this thesis. Finally. 1 would like to dedicate this thesis to the memory of my dear elder brother, Daljit Singh Sidhu, for his inspiration and his love.


Object of the present invention is to provide a low pressure loss and exhaust gas purification method The exhaust gas purifying apparatus. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention includes: a metal container comprising a gas inlet side and gas outlet side; and a honeycomb filter, which is accommodated in the metal container, characterized in that the exhaust gas purifying device, the honeycomb filter having: a plurality of compartments, said compartments via a plurality of compartment walls arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction; a first end surface; and a second end, the plurality of compartments, a first compartment and a second compartment alternately provided, on an end portion of the first end face side of the opening of the first compartment, against the end portion of the second end face side are sealed first compartment, closer to the second end face side end of the second compartment area of the opening, against the end portion of the first end face side of the sealed second compartment, an area perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cross section of the first compartment perpendicular to the longitudinal direction than the second compartment of the section small, the first end face side of the honeycomb filter is arranged in the gas inlet side of the metal container, the second end surface side of the honeycomb filter is arranged in the gas outlet side of the metal container.


The trajectory and dephasing time of an electron accelerated by a circularly polarized laser pulse are determined analytically. The dephasing time is proportional to {gamma}{sub P}{sup 2}l, where {gamma}{sub P} is the Lorentz factor associated with the pulse speed and l is the pulse length. The residual dependence of the dephasing time on pulse intensity and electron injection energy is studied in detail. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


The demand for smaller, faster, and multi-functional mobile devices in increasing at a rapidly increasing rate. In response to these trends, Stacked Chip Scale Package (SCSP) is used widely in the assembly industry. A film type adhesive called die attach film (DAF) is used widely for bonding chips in SCSP. The DAF requires high flowability at high die attachment temperatures for bonding chips on organic substrates, where the DAF needs to feel the gap depth, or for bonding the same sized dies, where the DAF needs to penetrate bonding wires. In this study, the mixture design of experiment (DOE) was performed for three raw materials to obtain the optimized DAF recipe for low elastic modulus at high temperature. Three components are acrylic polymer (SG-P3) and two solid epoxy resins (YD011 and YDCN500-1P) with different softening points. According to the DOE results, the elastic modulus at high temperature was influenced greatly by SG-P3. The elastic modulus at 100 °C decreased from 1.0 MPa to 0.2 MPa as the amount of SG-P3 was decreased by 20%. In contrast, the elastic modulus at room temperature was dominated by YD011, an epoxy with a higher softening point. The optimized DAF recipe showed approximately 98.4% pickup performance when a UV dicing tape was used. A DAF crack that occurred in curing was effectively suppressed through optimization of the cure accelerator amount and two-step cure schedule. The imizadole type accelerator showed better performance than the amine type accelerator.


From 2019 there must be a pain therapy during
 hot iron branding of horses in Germany. Therefore, a method is required which
 is effective and easy to perform. The aim of this study was to determine the
 formulation, which provides a good permeation of the contained local
 anesthetics (LA) through equine skin and probably reaches effective
 concentrations in the equine skin.
 Five different finished medicinal products
 with the ingredients lidocaine, prilocaine and tetracaine were used: Emla®-Cream
 (25 mg/g lidocaine and prilocaine), Anesderm®-Cream (25 mg/g lidocaine and prilocaine), Pliaglis®-Cream
 (70 mg/g lidocaine und tetracaine), Xylocain-Gel® (20 mg/g lidocaine) and Xylocain-Spray® (100 mg/g lidocaine). For a
 better comparison the finished medicinal products were replenished with the
 missing local anesthetic in order to contain all three LA (lidocaine, prilocaine and tetracaine) in
 each formulation. The studies were performed in Franz-type diffusion cells
 with equine split skin (700 µm) with and without occlusive conditions (Tegaderm®). The effects of skin burning were examined
 exemplary with Emla®-Cream. Furthermore,
 the concentration of lidocaine and prilocaine from Emla®-Cream in equine skin were determined. In
 addition, the relevance of the pH level of the solution for the permeation of
 lidocaine was examined. The concentrations of the LA in the acceptor medium
 and the extracted solution were determined by UV-VIS-HPLC.
 Prilocaine had the highest permeation rate
 through equine skin, followed by lidocaine and tetracaine.
 This order could be explained by their physicochemical properties (molecular
 weight: tetracaine> lidocaine > prilocaine). The highest permeated amount of lidocaine
 was achieved by Xylocain-Spray®,
 followed by prilocaine from Emla®-Cream
 and tetracaine from Pliaglis®-Cream.
 But the highest permeation rate of Lidocain was
 achieved from Emla®-Cream. Prilocaine showed a lower permeation from the
 formulations, in which prilocaine were supplemented
 (Pliaglis®-Cream, Xylocain-Gel®
 and Xylocain-Spray®). After one hour Tetracaine exhibited no significant variations of the
 permeation from the different formulations. Lidocaine and prilocaine
 from Emla®-Cream reached higher
 concentrations in the in equine skin, then described in the literature.
 Because the data from the literature achieves analgesic effects in humans, it
 could be assumed that the concentrations in equine skin are analgesic, too.
 This assumption must be confirmed by in-vivo-examinations. The
 permeation from lidocaine showed the tendency that lidocaine might permeate
 better at neutral pH level. The results confirm that permeation of LA
 trough equine skin is depending on the formulation. The best permeation rates
 of the three LA were achieved by Emla®-Cream.
 However, regarding to the practicability of the application Xylocain-Spray® which also provided a good in-vitro-permeation
 of lidocaine should be examined in vivo in horses.


Femoral arteriotomy has been appreciated to be one of the most commonly used access sites for cardiac catheterization.1 Although transradial arterial access use is increasing and becoming the predominant access site, femoral arterial access is still needed for largebore access procedures.2 Complications associated with femoral arteriotomy include groin hematomas, pseudoaneurysms, arteriovenous fistulas, cholesterol plaque embolization, and infection.3 Femoral artery access is also associated with an increased risk of bleeding compared with radial artery access.4 Proposed ways to overcome these access site complications have included the use of ultrasound access, which allows for visualization of landmarks in addition to fluoroscopy,5 as well as, micropuncture technique.6 Although manual compression is appreciated as the main stay of hemostasis after femoral arteriotomy, vascular closure devices (VCD) have been noted to be a tool in the interventionalist armament. VCDs have been shown to decrease bed rest time and decrease time to hemostasis.7


The present study constitutes the seventh member of a series of articles1 in which I publish Armenian lists of biblical books. This article contains, principally, the poetic list attributed to Aṙak'el of Siwnik', a well-known medieval Armenian poet, savant, and scholar who lived from the mid-fourteenth century until 1409. Aṙak'el was the nephew of the famed theologian and systematician Grigor Tat'ewac'i (1344?–1409), whose own canon list was published earlier in this series.2 I am basing my text of Aṙak'el's list on that published in the work of Ter-Movsesian on the Armenian Bible, which I present in a somewhat emended form and with an English translation below. Ter-Movsesian apparently published Aṙak'el's text from a manuscript that in his day was in the possession of the distinguished scholar Grigor Xalat'eanc'.3 The fate of this manuscript is unknown; it is not to be identified with any of the copies published here. Ter-Movsesian was also aware of another copy then in Eǰmiacin bearing the number 599. This Miscellany, copied in 1660 in an unknown place, is now preserved as number 702 in the Maštoc' Matenadaran in Erevan. The text appears on 186r–189v.4


With the purpose to enhance spiral ganglion cell growth after cochlear implant (CI) insertion, we propose a biofunctionalization method allowing sustained BDNF release from poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) as a model biodegradable CI coating. Reaction efficiency of the crosslinker DSS with the polymer surfaces for covalent attachment of BDNF as well as its cleavage in aqueous medium as requirement for BDNF release were traced by LC-MS. Performed in vitro release studies, conducted in comparison to physically adsorbed BDNF, give indication of the successful immobilization of BDNF via hydrolyzable bonds.


Using the analytical tools of New Institutional Economics it can be shown that efficient employment protection should be differentiated according to the amount and kind of the worker's investment in human capital. Hence, employment protection serves different purposes in different cases. A worker with firm-specific qualifications has to be protected from opportunistic behaviour by the employer, whereas employment protection for generally qualified workers serves as a means of restraining competition through equally qualified outsiders. Due to informational disadvantages of labor jurisdiction, legal employment protection should be partially substituted by implicit contracts on employment protection.


AFGHANISTAN, 14 April 2010 (States News Service) -The following information was released by the International Committee of the Red Cross:
Homemade bombs and improvised mines continue to pose a major threat to civilians in the south of Afghanistan.


Summary.  Immunohistochemistry provides valuable information concerning the localization and distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐related proteins in histological sections of liver tissue, but does not readily permit their quantitation in individual cells and the staining intensity of cell immunodeposits cannot be calibrated with the current number of antigen molecules. We specifically detected and quantitated HCV core protein in single hepatocytes by coupling laser capture microdissection (LCM) with a sensitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitation of HCV core protein per cell was carried out on liver tissue cells obtained by LCM from fixed and stained frozen sections of 10 HCV‐positive patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH). Macromolecules from captured cells were solubilized in an extraction buffer and directly assayed for core protein using a sandwich ELISA. Calibration was achieved by developing a standard curve based on known concentrations of HCV core protein. Precision, linearity and sensitivity were verified for known numbers of microdissected tissue cells. In this study, the concentration of HCV core protein in single hepatocytes ranged from 7 to 56 pg/cell. Specificity was verified on 10 replicates of 10 HCV‐negative liver tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of HCV core protein was compared with the results of the soluble immunoassay for the adjacent liver tissue sections. Independent scoring of HCV immunostaining failed to parallel the LCM quantitative immunoassay. LCM‐based immunoassay significantly expands our ability to investigate function‐related antigens in apparently pure cell populations in HCV infection.


Moral needs are the prerequisite of college students' self-development and self-improvement,and the motivity of their moral activities and the source of their moral enthusiasm.The training of moral needs is an important task in moral educational work of colleges.To deepen moral understanding, identify with moral standards,define moral responsibility,strengthen consciousness and self-discipline,improve moral mechanisms,and so on are the effective ways for moral educational workers to train college students' moral needs.


Initial release of dataset for availability ahead of the 2017 Fall Technical Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute. Future revisions will be released following community input.


Kotabaru area is quite rapid progress after the introduction of regional autonomy,
this is because the support of abundant natural resources both from the plantation
sector, agriculture, industry and mining sector. Investment into Kotabaru district
last few years are very encouraging. This also brings negative effects is by
decreasing the capacity of some main roads in the city Kotabaru. Traffic
congestion and air pollution occurs as a result of mobilization of the flow of goods
and people. Symptoms that occur are due to the use and provision of
transportation facilities are not on the path to a sustainable program. The WorId
Bank in 1996 introduced an approach to sustainable transport program with
transportation planning approach the future that focuses on the ability to preserve
the transportation services both economically, socially and environmentally.
This study aims to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
related to the implementation of sustainable transport in the city Kotabaru and to
formulate appropriate strategies and reliable in the operation of sustainable
transport in the city Kotabaru. The method will be used in this research is
qualitative deskriktif with SWOT analysis identifies strategic factors of strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and constraints or threats that are supported by the
litmus test methods to obtain the strategic issues in the implementation of
sustainable transport. Data used in the form of primary data and secondary data.
The primary data collected through interviews and questionnaires to respondents
in their capacity. For the secondary data obtained from relevant agencies and
reports relating to the conduct of transport studies. Based on data analysis of
internal and external factors will be obtained by weighting the score as a score of
priority interests internally and externally enabling the implementation of
sustainable transport. From the SWOT analysis matrix will be obtained strategic
issues that influence and then by using the litmus test will be obtained dominant
issues that are strategic.
To enhance and improve the quality of transportation service quality Kotabaru
town, its implementation should be based on the concept of sustainable transport
by taking into account economic, social and environmental. Thus, to carry out the
implementation of sustainable transport requires an adequate strategy and strong
commitment to support economic development while maintaining environmental
conditions


Now that the imminent danger of a Donald Trump victory in November is not so imminent, Rajesh Venugopal writes that perhaps now we can look beyond the fear and outrage to reflect on the legacy that Trump's candidacy leaves behind.


Demersal fish, shrimp and cephalopod assemblages on the continental shelves and slopes off Angola, Namibia and the southern and western coasts of South Africa have been monitored in terms of fisheries-independent trawl surveys since the 1980s. The time series have provided vital input to stock assessments and are widely used in studies of ecology and biodiversity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the technical specifications of the vessels and trawls used, to examine effects of modifications on catching efficiency, and to assess implications of these modifications over time. We find that the demersal trawl data collected in South Africa are not comparable with those of Namibia and Angola, and that the time series of Angola and Namibia contain inherent differences in terms of catchability of bottom dwellers. The introduction of smaller bobbins gear on the RV Dr. Fridtjof Nansen in 1994 increased the catchability of bottom-dwelling species, and catch rates of monkfish and sole were higher in surveys with commercial vessels than the RV Dr. Fridtjof Nansen. We recommend that temporal trends are interpreted with caution and that time series for the three countries are viewed in isolation.


Some intrinsic tools from the formal theory of variational equations are being demonstrated at work in application to one concrete example of the third-order evolution equation of free relativistic top in three-dimensional space-time. The main goal is to introduce a combined approach consisting in the simultaneous utilization of symmetry principles along with the inverse variational problem considerations in terms of vector-valued differential forms. Next, some simple algorithm of transition between the autonomous variational problem and the variational problem in parametric form is established. The example definitely solved shows no-existence of a globally and intrinsically defined Lagrangian for the Poincare-invariant and well defined unique variational equation in the case in hand. Hamiltonian counterpart is briefly discussed in terms of Poisson bracket. The model appears to provide a generalized canonical description of the quasi-classical spinning particle governed by the Mathisson-Papapetrou equations in flat space-time.


Purpose

This paper aims to develop a comprehensive typology of organizational transformations that is based on both content and process characteristics of transformations, and it is relevant to organizations in India.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a review of literature, 17 different features/elements of organizational transformations were identified and organized into three dimensions – object, magnitude and speed of transformation – to develop a foundational framework of transformations. Through a comprehensive search of publicly available information, 52 cases of organizational transformations between 1991 and 2011 were identified. A case report for each transformation was then prepared and examined to identify elements of each transformation by referring to the foundational framework. Transformations were then classified into different types using cluster analysis, with elements as variables and cases as objects to be clustered.

Findings

Nine distinct types of transformations were found. They were named quickfixer, extender, healer, evolver, peripheral, recurrent, methodical, internal and cultivator based on each case's characteristics as captured in case reports.

Originality/value

This study brings together transformation characteristics that have been largely considered distinct in literature to develop a comprehensive typology that depicts the complexity of organizational transformations. This is also one of the first studies to develop a typology of transformations that is based on and thus relevant to organizations in India.


end. The art that the invention defined in the claims It relates to an automatic antenna of a wireless terminal. I. Technical Problems to be Solved by the Invention It consists in the low loss antenna with a small driving force in the automatic antenna device implementing device capable of pulling / removal. All. Solution subject matter of the invention And the whip antenna in a wireless terminal, is fixed to the bushing and the helical antenna attached to the terminal and which the whip antenna through the center, sikimyeo fixing the helical antenna to the terminal bushing connecting said helical antenna or a whip antenna portion RF and , and the locking step in which the whip antenna to stop the take-off at the time of take-off by the antenna driving section, the drive motor and the drive transmission of the rotational force generated from the motor to the whip antenna, and for the rotational force transmission by the roller the whip antenna upper portion of the whip antenna in the automatic antenna device for take-off or inlet, is placed in the position of the helical antenna at the time of pulling the insulating and the top of the conductive, isolated a predetermined thickness wire, and the lower when connected to the wire being drawn out in this connection by the conductive having a certain width to be coupled to the bushing It composed of a central portion with luer binary, of the insulating bottom having a stopper protruding at the bottom to stop the take-off by the engaging jaw, characterized by having the same diameter as the upper and the central portion, lower portion. la. An important use of the invention It is used in the automatic antenna of the mobile station.


Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a life-threatening manifestation of atherosclerosis, which usually occurs in the setting of sudden plaque erosion or rupture with intracoronary thrombosis and partial to complete cessation of the downstream myocardial perfusion.1 The diagnosis, management, and treatment of the various forms of ACS, which include persistent ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI), non-ST-segment elevation MI, and unstable angina (UA), have rapidly been evolving in recent years with subsequently a significant decrease in early and late mortality.2–4 Nevertheless, large multicenter studies have shown despite early and successful reperfusion and optimized medication, the actual hospital mortality remains approximately 7%, not mentioning the evolution towards ischemic heart failure in a considerable number of surviving patients.5

The current diagnostic tools - i.e., blood biomarkers (e.g. troponin), electrocardiography, and ultrasonography - are key tools in the diagnosis of ACS and fast patient triage, but these markers provide only a partial insight in the complex, evolving processes occurring in the jeopardized myocardium.6 Moreover, patients with ACS encompasses a broad and heterogeneous population and many patients with acute chest pain turn out not to have ACS. The accurate diagnosis and differentiation of ACS from other acute cardiac diseases (e.g. aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, myocarditis, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) which is essential for therapeutic decision making and specific therapies (e.g. timely reperfusion) may be challenging or even impossible with the above diagnostic tools.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging offers the cardiologist a comprehensive view on ACS at the tissue level (e.g. edema, necrosis, microvascular injury, hemorrhage) and may add important information for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ACS. As recent studies have demonstrated CMR-derived parameters yield independent prognostic value in addition to traditional risk factors, CMR may be also important for patient risk stratification. Despite the diagnostic and prognostic utility of CMR in ACS many cardiologists are not yet familiar with this fascinating and clinical helpful imaging modality. The aim of this review is therefore to elucidate the role of CMR in this group of cardiac high-risk patients.


(A) boronic acid group, an aromatic monomer having at least two boron derivative functional groups selected from boronic ester group and a borane group, and an aromatic monomer having at least two reactive halide functional groups, or (b) boron acid, the reaction mixture of an aromatic monomer having one reactive halide functional group and one boron derivative functional group selected from boronic ester group and a borane group, wherein the reaction mixture as a catalyst for the aromatic monomer polymerization suitable catalytic amount of catalyst, and boron derivative functional groups BX By polymerizing a reaction mixture is, it is possible to manufacture a highly molecular weight polymer or copolymer.


We demonstrate here an environmentally stable and compact Er-doped fiber laser system capable of delivering sub-100-fs pulse duration with discontinuous selectable repetition rate from 10 to 70 MHz. This laser source employs a SESAM harmonic mode-locked soliton laser to facilitate tunable repetition rate. A single-mode-fiber (SMF) amplifier and a double-cladding-fiber (DCF) amplifier (both with double-pass configuration) bridged by a three-stage YVO4-based divider are used to manage the dispersion map and boost the seed pulses. With the help of ×8 replicas, the seed pulses are simultaneously amplified and compressed with 90% recombining efficiency, generating 4.60-nJ pulse energy at 10 MHz and 6.13-nJ pulse energy at 70 MHz. The main advantage of the proposed laser system is that when pulse repetition rate is switched on-demand, the pulse duration can be kept almost unchanged only by simply adjusting the pump powers of the fiber amplifiers, instead of changing any optical device (the spacing between gratings or the length of fibers).


We discuss the possibility and importance of nuclear scattering processes inside a bunched hadron beam. Estimates are presented for the LHC.


A 25-year-old Taiwanese male came to our dermatologic clinic due to muscle weakness, facial erythema, and peri-orbital swelling for 3 weeks (Figure 1A). He was diagnosed with testicular embryonal carcinoma with lung metastasis (Figure 1E,F) and had just received orchiectomy 2 weeks prior to cutaneous manifestations. Upon physical examination, Gottron's papules (Figure 1C) were seen along with trunk erythema. Skin biopsy in right dorsal hand showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and papillary dermal edema with mucin deposition in the dermis (Figure 1G, H). Direct immunofluorescence revealed scattered ovoid bodies over the dermal-epidermal junction. Laboratory exam showed increased levels of CPK (2663 IU/L), LDH (293 IU/L), and alpha-fetoprotein (34.83 ng/mL). Dermatomyositis (DM) was impressed. Prednisolone with 30 mg per day was given initially, but the symptoms persisted. After administered first chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) for testicular cancer, his symptoms and skin erythema significantly improved (Figure 1B,D) along with declined level of CPK and tumor markers. Auto-antibody of anti-transcription intermediary factor 1-gamma (TIF1-γ) showed positive result (1+), and therefore, paraneoplastic DM related to


The past few years have seen a lot of activity in defining the functions provided by communication protocols and representing them in the form of layered architectures. (1, 2) The layered protocols have provided a means of separation of function in terms of layers in the communication software. Due to this separation of function the testing can be modularized to test each of the layer in entirety as a separate software package and then combining different layers and testing these as whole.
Many communication protocols can be represented in a formal form. (3, 4) Most of these formal representations have been in the form of finite state machines, while some have been in the form of the grammars and some both. (5) Techniques have been suggested for the generation of test cases by using the formal representation of protocol. Specifically, by using some well known properties of finite state machines. Not all protocol functions are fully described by these representations therefore techniques for the generation of other test cases to test the whole layer of a protocol are suggested.
Due to increasing complexity of protocols, it is recommended to split the layer of a protocol into various functional units, e.g. the link layer of the X.25, HDLC can be split into the following units i) Bit stuffing ii) Checksumming iii) Acknowledgements iv) Polling, etc. Each of these functional units begins with an initial state or set of states. For each state model the following technique can be used for generation of test cases: We assume that the given fsm for the function has the following characteristics 1) completely specified 2) minimal 3) starts with a fixed initial state and 4) every state is reachable.
The test cases consist of set 'I' which covers all possible state transitions in the machine. One of the ways to construct the set 'I' is to build a "testing tree" of the fsm 'S'. All partial paths (a sequence of arcs) in 'S' constitute the set 'I'.
A partial path starts at the root of the tree and ends either at a terminal or a non terminal node. Each branch in the tree is labeled with an input command/message. This 'I' is a set of input commands/messages from the lower layer of the protocol. Given an fsm 'S' of a functional unit of a protocol a testing tree 'T' can be constructed as follows: a) label the root of the tree 'T' with the initial state of 'S'. b) given level '1' of the tree to construct level '1+1' examine the nodes from left to right. A node is terminated if its label is the same as a non terminal at some level j where j=1. This avoids infinite loops, etc. If node is not terminated label it as i. If on input Ii the machine goes from state Si to Sj we attach a branch Ii and a lower level node Sj to Si in T. This process always terminates as there are only a finite number of states.
Having generated the test cases for the function specified in the form of fsms we still have to generate test cases for the rest of the protocol layer which is represented in the form of abstract programs. It is recommended that path execution technique be applied at the abstract program part of the protocol also as that will generate paths only at the protocol functional level rather than at the program control level, therefore providing a more efficient technique for error detection.


This study looked at occupational therapists working in Wales and examined the possibilities and constraints of their developing a role in health promotion. The study focused on occupational therapists who worked with elderly people as part of their patient/client group. This client group was chosen because the elderly population is continuing to rise, elderly people constitute one of the main client groups for occupational therapists and almost half of Government spending on health and social services is spent on people aged over 65 years. On the whole, the 76 (76%) occupational therapists who responded were shown to have a mixed attitude towards health promotion, with some considering it a luxury and others an important part of their role. Several constraints were identified as affecting the development of the occupational therapist's role in health promotion. The main constraint was the pressure of work through limitations on time, funding and resources. The implications of these findings for occupational therapy and health promotion are discussed. It is argued that occupational therapists practising in Wales need to develop their role as health advocates and give greater consideration to the broader issues of community development.


A Visual Basic Code "DriveCad" was developed for analysis and design of flat and V-belt drives. The Code was used to solve design problems and the results compared favorably with data generated by manual computat-ions, with variation of less than 1.6 %. DriveCad was used to generate scaled 2-dimensional drawings of pulley and belt assembly at reduced design time with minimal roundoff errors.


Should there be a second referendum on EU membership? For obvious reasons, it is Remainers who are leading to call for a second 'people's vote'. But there are good arguments for Leavers to favour a second referendum, argues Albert Weale (University College London). It may sound odd, but it is true.


The dependence of magnetic properties of CoFeCr films on film composition and the effects of heat treatment are discussed. Saturation magnetization started decreasing when the Cr concentration was increased to 40 at% and reached zero at 58 at%. M<inf>s</inf>, K<inf>u</inf> and H<inf>c¿</inf> rapidly increased when heat treatment was performed above 300°C in a vacuum chamber on a (Co<inf>55</inf>Fe<inf>45</inf>)<inf>53</inf>Cr<inf>47</inf> film. The same phenomenon was exhibited by a Fe<inf>45</inf>Cr<inf>55</inf> film. This result is also similar to that of a CoCr film heat treated in air, which may indicate that heat treatment in a vacuum induces selective oxidation of Cr.


To continue its advancement towards the statute of a developed economy, China has to reinvent itself. Its still underdeveloped tertiary sector seems to have the potential to substantially contribute to meeting this imperative, but is it trully able to become the new driver of growth? This article looks at the essential aspects of the services sector's current condition, as well as the strategies and policies that are addressed to it, alongside the successes it has already achieved and the challenges it still has to face. It concludes that services will become the backbone of the Chinese economy in the long run, yet generating a slower growth rate than manufacturing did in the past. However, in the short and medium-term the tertiary sector will still have a difficult transition to undergo, in which productivity improvement through structural modernization, market opening and acceptance of increased and loyal competition will be the touchstones.


Abstract : Contents: Effects of rocket noise on hearing: Mechanism of hearing; Temporary hearing loss; Permanent hearing loss; Exposure to rocket noise; At tenuation by ear defenders Psychological and biological effects: Central nervous system effects; Influence on visual thresholds; Aural pain; Effects of mechanical vibrations Effects of noise on speech; Statistics of speech; Speech intelligibility; Effects on warning devices Community reaction to rocket noise: Community characteristics; Prediction of community reaction Acoustical criteria for rocket noise: Hearing damage risk criteria; Criteria for speech communication; Criteria for residential areas


The discoveries of the heavy quarks are briefly reviewed, with a focus on the role played by Mario Greco in the interpretation of the experimental observations, and on his contributions to heavy quark precision phenomenology.


In this paper we develop a class of new distance measures for interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Then we discuss some of the special cases of it by taking different parameters. Finally we apply them for discriminant analysis with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information.


This site aims to list electronic resources relevant for British and Western European history which will be considered for purchase at Oxford University. Details of trials will also be published and historians are encouraged to leave feedback.


The present authors have found that the in-situ type composite of AlN plus Al can be formed by having Al react with powder BN and by fixing the weight ratio of the former to the later to a suitable value under a certain condition of heating temperature and pressurized atmosphere of N2. The most recommended conditions for the reaction is such that heating at 1373 K under 1.013 MPa of N2 with the mass ratio of Al to BN to 6 : 1. Volume fraction of AlN in the primary composite ingot is around 40%. If we secondarily heat-treat this composite under the suitable condition of higher temperature and higher pressure of N2 than those for the primary composite, the volume fraction of AlN can be raised to a value more than 90%. The properties such as thermal expansion coefficient and hardness of this high ratio AlN composite are very close to those of the commercial AlN which is usually made by the sintering method. So, the present type of AlN+Al composite, which is expected to be produced at a low cost, may be used for such as the heat-sink substrate for semiconductor devices, and also may be used as the light weight heat-resisting material.


Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) has been widely applied for data modeling and process monitoring. However, traditional CCA is not appropriate for dynamic processes, since only cross-correlations are taken into consideration. The autocorrelations are ignored. In this paper, a novel structured dynamic CCA (SDCCA) model is proposed to explore the autocorrelation information between the structured input and output matrices for dynamic processes. The new structure can improve the modeling and the interpretation of dynamic processes and enhance the performance of monitoring. First, a novel optimization criterion is established to derive the loadings for inputs and outputs. Besides, the residuals of input and output which contain the dynamic information are estimated. Then, two vector autoregressive (VAR) models are used to build the inner model for the latent variables of input and output, respectively. Subsequently, the latent variables and residuals of inputs and outputs are further analyzed by CCA method, respectively. Two monitoring statistics are developed based on the results of CCA. Finally, the closed-loop continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) is employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


This thesis is a detailed examination of three short stories written by the Mexican author and poet, Jose Emilio Pacheco, selected from two of his collections: El viento distante and El principio del placer. I chose "Virgen de los veranos" and "Parque de diversiones" from the former collection, and "La fiesta brava" from the latter. There are two main focuses in my work; one is the translation of the three short stories into English and the other is the analyses of the stories. In addition, as an aid to placing the stories contextually within the history of Mexican literature, I include a chapter on the development of the Mexican short story. In this first chapter I provide a survey of the short story's evolution throughout Mexican literary history. I briefly document the roots of the Mexican short story in the pre-Hispanic era and I give an overview of its development throughout the subsequent centuries up to the present times. In the second chapter I explain the general and the specific strategies I employed in translating the stories into English, providing examples wherever possible. The following three chapters are dedicated to a detailed analysis of each short story; I include discussions of all aspects pertaining to theme, plot, character development, and structure. Pacheco's treatment of time is of particular interest and I deal with this both in the individual analyses and also in the final chapter. His representation of time is reminiscent of the Aztec cyclical concept of time, in which a belief in repetition is stressed. In the final chapter I identify the common elements seen throughout the


Whether alien insects that are introduced into temperate regions adapt to seasonally changing environmental conditions is an important question in evolutionary biology. If rapid evolution has occurred in a non‐native environment, a latitudinal cline in critical photoperiod for diapause induction (i.e., the photoperiod at which half of the individuals enter diapause) and in life cycle synchronization with host plant phenology should be evident among locations. The alien bruchid Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is native to North America and introduced into Japan with the host plant Amorpha fruticosa L. (Fabaceae) in the late 1940s. To examine whether seasonal adaptation has occurred in A. pallidipennis, we conducted a laboratory experiment and phenological observations using three latitudinally different populations. We bred F1 eggs at 22 °C and five photoperiodic regimens – L:D = 10:14, 13:11, 14:10, 15:9, or 16:8 hours – and examined whether diapause was induced. The estimated critical photoperiod for diapause induction was longest in the most northern population and shortest in the most southern population. Life cycle was found to be synchronized with host phenology in each location. Also voltinism varied geographically, from univoltine in the northern population to bivoltine in the southern populations. These results showed that A. pallidipennis rapidly adapted to seasonal environmental conditions in Japan after its introduction.


Chinese Buddhism is often portrayed as the product of a protracted encounter between Indian Buddhism and Chinese civilization, an encounter that led to the sinification of Buddhist teachings and practices. In a masterful display of scholarship, Robert Sharf makes a major contribution to the re-evaluation of the encounter. He shows that, although the Chinese were cognizant of the foreign origins of Buddhism, their actual exposure to South Asian clerics and Sanskrit texts was limited throughout medieval times. For the most part, Sharf argues, the Chinese dialogue with Buddhism took place among the Chinese themselves. That being the case, Chinese Buddhism is more properly approached as a product of sinitic culture, not a distorted reflection of normative Indian Buddhist prototypes. Sharf draws his argument in part from a close analysis of an obscure, nominally Buddhist text, the Treasure Store Treatise (Pao-tsang lun). The book begins with a careful reconstruction of historical and religious provenance of the text. It next turns to an analysis of internal evidence to demonstrate the close affinity between the Treatise and texts associated with Ox-head Ch'an and Twofold-Mystery Taoism. There follows a fascinating discussion of the metaphysical underpinnings of the Treatise in Chinese correlative cosmology, in which Sharf points out the degree to which the metaphysical notion of sympathetic resonance (kan-ying) structured the medieval Chinese understanding of virtually all aspects of Buddhist doctrine, ritual, and soteriology. The introductory section is followed by a translation of the three chapters of the Treatise, including lengthy annotation that provides extended philologicaland philosophical discussion of dozens of key terms and concepts. The study concludes with a critical analysis of the place of Tantric, or Esoteric, Buddhism within the Chinese Buddhist tradition.


will occur in any system of typing. The findings in our study in which the initial typing systems were automated should be applicable also when the blood is first typed for D in manual tube or microplate systems. The latter systems depend on a manual antiglobulin test for D" just as in the described Autoanalyzer system. In any case, the value of confirming D" is questionable because of the low immunogenicity of the p h e n ~ t y p e . ~ , ~ There is little possibility that it will immunize a D-negative recipient. If the recipient is already immunized, then the D" cells will be incompatible in a pretransfusion crossmatch. It is our opinion that the 0.00002 incidence of units of questionable antigenicity in our study did not show the value of continued confirmatory antiglobulin testing for D" by transfusion service personnel. Simple testing for D will suffice to find any grossly mislabeled blood. We suggest that all of the 1.8 million confirmatory antiglobulin tests done yearly in hospital transfusion services on Rh-negative blood could be omitted. I .


Objective:To investigate the typical appearance of spinal cord vascular malformation(SCVM)in MRI and contrast enhanced MR angiography(CE-MRA),and evaluate the clinical value of MRI and CE-MRA.Methods:14patients with proven SCVM by DSA and 14control patients who have negative DSA underwent routine MRI and CE-MRA with time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics(TRICKS)scan of the spine at 1.5Tor 3.0Tsystem.Images were evaluated by 3experienced neuroradiologists who were blinded to the final diagnoses following 2steps.Results:The sensitivity of the three reviewers in detecting the presence of SCVM by MRI and MRI plus MRA was 93%~100%,100%and the specificity was 93%~100%,93%~100%,while the accuracy was 57%~64%,71%~86%.Conclusion:The sensitivity and specifity of MRI and CE-MRA in diagnosing SCVM are satisfying;MRI plus MRA further improve the accuracy,help clarifying the structural relationship around,thus refine the procedure of the following DSA and operation.


Reproduction survey of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) reared in geothermal waters in southern Tunisia : This study was conducted to assess the first mat urity size, the fecundity and the best size of fema les to maximize and enhance the production of larvae in fe males Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) reared in the geothermal waters in southern Tunisia. The results showed that Nile tilapia reach sexual m aturity at a small size, during the first year of l ife. The total lengths (TL) at first sexual maturity (Lm 50 ) are 11.28 cm and 12.46 cm, respectively for femal es and males. The female O. niloticus has a low absolute fecundity (F) which varies betw een 241 and 1358 eggs respectively for females of 15.5 and 24.1 cm (TL). This fecundit y is related to female size by the equation: F = 1. 77 TL


In their drive to organize the largest nonunion trucker, the Teamsters called a strike that only a minority of drivers are honoring. Some members say President Hoffa may have jumped the gun.


The ages of the females were as follows:Between 15 and 20 . . . . . . . 21 it 20 ,, 25 . ...... . 10 ,, 25 ,, 30. 5 ,, 30 ,, 40. 1 40 ,,50 .1 50,, 60 .1..... . 1 Previous state of health.-Tlie greater numiiber suffered froin dyspeptic symptoms prior to the attack; the most frequent of which were occasional pain in the region of the stomach and left side, pyrosis, and flatulence. Vomiting was not a constant synmptomii, althiough it occurred in inany instances. Tbe menses were irregular in thirteen ; iil twenty-five this ftinction is not mentioned; in one only the patient mnenstruated a month before the attack. Most, (if not all,) of the femnales, were unmarried. Duration of the attack fromii twelve to thirty lhoturs. In one instance, (Dr. Elliotson's patient,) life was prolonged for seventy hours. MdrbidAppearances.--Thle apertures in the majority of the cases were situated in the smnaller curvature, imore frequently midway between the pyloric and cardiac openings, but in many instances near the cardia. In one case only, was the perforation close to the pylorus, and in this instance it will be seen that a fibrous tubercular excrescence existed externally. In nine exramples, as in Mr. Cox's case, two ulcers were present, opposite to each other, so that wlien the stomach was in a state of collapse, the diseased parts were in contact. Males.-Of these only one was under twenty years of age. The aperture in nine was close to the pylor-us; in three midway between the openings.* Five of the examples were of a doubtful clharacter, the parts arou'ud the opening being lhard and callous.


This paper selected three indicators in Hubei rural areas, such as rural per capita net income, rural financial interrelation ratio and level of rural financial efficiency. We used unit root test, co-integration test, granger causality test and impulse response measurement methods to make an empirical study on the correlation between Hubei rural financial development and rural economic growth. The empirical analysis shows that financial development provides impetus for economic growth and plays an active role in promoting economic growth. However, economic growth doses not significantly promote financial development. Specifically, Hubei rural financial efficiency and Hubei rural finance related ratio obviously impact Hubei per capita net income of farmers. On the contrary, the effect of Hubei rural economic growth on Hubei rural financial development level is not significant. Finally, we proposed some countermeasures and suggestions for further improvement based on the empirical study results.


In the current stage of our country, it is an important step to establish independent director system, which will help perfect the listing companies' administrative structure, it is also the key to control the listing companies' information to be revealed. And this paper explains the problems about improvement and establishment of the independent director system mainly from the angle of accounting information revelation.


Automated timetabling is a current and relevant eld of research. A timetabling problem can be suitably modelled in terms of a set of constraints. Using Constraint Logic Programming we develop methods, techniques and concepts for a combination of interactive and automatic timetabling of university courses and school curricula. An exemplary application of such a timetabling system was developed for the Charit e Medical Faculty at the Humboldt University, Berlin. The timetabling system is exible enough to take into account special user requirements. An essential component is an automatic heuristic solution search with an interactive user-intervention facility. The user will, however, only be able to alter a timetable or schedule such that no hard constraints are violated.


Tiivistelmä-Referat-Abstract The Arts in Hospital programme was created in 1990 as an initiative of the World Decade for Cultural Development of the UN and Unesco, spreading to 18 member states altogether. The aim of the initiative was to increase the cosiness of care institutions through the use of art and to integrate art and cultural activities as part of the treatment, rehabilitation and working methods in social and health care. In my research, I study the scope and forms in which the Arts in Hospital initiative is reflected in the everyday life of care institutions in Eastern Finland. Interviews, observations and diaries conducted and written in four social and health care units are convincing proof that art and cultural activities are a part of everyday life, albeit randomly and usually run by amateur artists. The methodology employed in the empirical part was ethnography and qualitative methods. The extensive literature survay and research material describes and analyses the opportunities to apply art and cultural activities in social and health care services. I found four elements in the art and cultural activities that have an impact on a person ́s wellbeing. Fistly, art provides artistic sensation and meaningful aesthetic experiences. Secondly, people in contact with art usually express a better self rated health and feel they are leading a more satisfactory life. Thirdly, artistic activities create communality and networks, giving one better control over one ́s life. And fourhly, art makes living and working surroundings more enjoyable and attractive. In my study, I applied the triangulation of theories, materials and methods. The framework theory is Richard Shusterman ́s philosophy of pragmatist aesthetics, which emphasises the element of experiences provided by art and its active and practical role in life. The field of art and culture can meet with the field of social and health care, if art and culture are seen as part of everyone ́s life, needs and rights. In care units, this entails additional training for the staff, re-assessment of resources and more flexible organisation of work. The integration of art and cultural activities in the Finnish social and health care services has not materialised. There are examples of individual projects, but they are limited in time and scope.


─ A reconfigurable ultrawide band (UWB) antenna with switchable single, dual, and triple band notch functions is presented in this study. In the proposed structure, by etching slots on the radiating patch, the ground plane, and the feedline, triple band-notched characteristics at the WLAN, WiMAX and X-band frequencies are obtained. Then, by introducing switch modes on the slots, the antenna offers eight working modes and can realize an interconversion between one UWB mode, three single band-notched modes, three dual band-notched modes, and one triple band-notched mode. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna can provide good band-notched functions on the stopbands and has nearly omnidirectional radiation patterns on the passbands. Index Terms ─ Band-notched, reconfigurable antenna, slots, switch, ultrawide band (UWB) antenna.


In the present study the microbial biomass, heterotrophic activity and the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were evaluated in soil samples from a landfarming area that has been used for petrochemical waste treatment for the last fifteen years. Laboratory analysis and greenhouse assays were conducted in order to evaluate soil biological conditions and the effects of inoculation with AMF (Glomus clarum and Paraglomus occultum) on growth of six plant species with potential to establish in soil affected by oil pollutants. Values for soil microbial biomass and biochemical indicators (basal and induced soil respiration) were in the typical range found in non-contaminated soils, but the values for qCO2 were in the high range. In spite of the indication of microbial stress, the results suggest the presence of metabolically active microbial communities in the soil. However, the relatively low activities of b-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and urease, indicate interferences on biochemical processes that may affect the degradation of residues transformation by the soil community. Abundant occurrence of AMF in either spontaneous or introduced plants was also observed. Inoculation with AMF had significant effects on alfafa, brachiaria grass and sorghum, but no effects on elephant grass. The results of the present study indicate the existence of microbial populations tolerant to the toxic components of petrochemical wastes that were continuously applied to this soil.


The paper aims to search for optimization combination on line,plane and pace based on the properties of three dimensional space.The basic target of the algorithm is to make full use of valid space,acquire the biggest packing numbers and corresponding easily-operated packing ways.Spatial right angle coordinate is established.Two kinds of algorithm are stated.Algorithm two which is easy to understand and operate is proved to be superior in actual data calculation.


The Domain Name System (DNS) is suffering from the vulnerabilities exploited to launch the cache poisoning attack. Inspired by biodiversity, we design and implement a non-intrusive and tolerant secure architecture Multi-DNS (MDNS) to deal with it. MDNS consists of Scheduling Proxy and DNS server pool with heterogeneous DNSs in it. And the Scheduling Proxy dynamically schedules m DNSs to provide service in parallel and adopts the vote results from majority of DNSs to decide valid replies. And benefit from the centralized control of software defined networking (SDN), we implement a proof of concept for it. Evaluation results prove the validity and availability of MDNS and its intrusion/fault tolerance, while the average delay can be controlled in 0.3s.


The preliminary analysis of operation of the 345 GHz sectioned traveling-wave amplifier with the three-stage nonuniform grating has been presented. The design is based on both the simulation and the experimental results obtained for the W-band amplifier earlier. The THz amplifier is designed for the operation with the nonrelativistic sheet electron beams and the oversized beam-wave system. The result of calculations, carried out with the use of the large-signal theory, demonstrated the power gain up to 23 dB for the frequency region from 335 GHz to 365 GHz in the proposed amplifier. The output power of at least 1 W was predicted for the reasonable level of driving signal, that is less than 50 mW.


Chronic bronchitis is a common and frequent disease of respiratory system in the clinical; its main manifestation is the chronic non-specific inflammation of trachea, bronchial mucosa and surrounding tissue; its etiology is complex, associating with infection, allergies, genetic, immune dysfunction and so on. Its pathogenesis is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, the Ben is insidious phlegm and obstructing lung, the Biao is lack of vital qi, and weak of the lung, spleen and kidney. According to the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis, clinicians summed up a variety of treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine, emphasizing the need for the treatment of chronic bronchitis, summary and classification of internal and external treatment, and highlight the clinical effect of treatment. The treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine can avoid the shortcomings of Western medicine treatment manifestation not root cause, as well as the long-term use of Western medicine anti-inflammatory drugs side effects.


Abstract Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is rapidly becoming one of the most prevalent health care–associated bacterial infections in the developed world. The emergence of new, more virulent strains has led to greater morbidity and resistance to standard therapies. The bacterium is readily transmitted between people where it can asymptomatically colonize the gut environment, and clinical manifestations ranging from frequent watery diarrhea to toxic megacolon can arise depending on the age of the individual or their state of gut dysbiosis. Several inexpensive approaches are shown to be effective against virulent C. difficile in research settings such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transfer and immunotherapies. This review aims to highlight the current advantages and limitations of the aforementioned approaches with an emphasis on recent studies.


The goal of this study examines the lack of safety Ecuadorian people have when carrying out activities online. One of the most popular tools used online is social networking tools and their developing is endless; however, users may currently be unconscious of the dangers, threats and attacks that these sites imply. In this context, it is essential to implement a safeguarding system to minimize the risks on the social networking use. The first chapter highly focuses on the problems social networking sites involve. Then a complete review of the literature about social networking in Ecuador has been performed. Subsequent to it, Facebook users' risks are analyzed using NIST SP 800-30 methodology. To come to an end, it is suggested best practices to users to guard against potential malware by means of a social networking safeguarding system.


Abstract We examined variables that might affect survivorship of neonatal argali sheep (Ovis ammon), including body weight, date of birth, gender, precipitation, and year affects, which often influence neonatal survivorship in other species of sheep. From 2003 to 2008 we hand-captured 75 argali lambs (38♂, 36♀, 1 undetermined) and attached expandable, drop-off radio collars in Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia. We collected morphometric and physiological measurements and radio-tracked lambs to obtain data on survivorship and mortality. We found similar morphometric and physiological measurements for male and female lambs, with significant differences only in foreleg length (♀<♂) and respiration rates (♀>♂). Only 44.6% of argali lambs survive their first month of life, but thereafter their mortality rate decreases. Lambs not born in 2006, born in years following years with higher April precipitation, and born later in the year enjoyed significantly higher survival to one month. We found high mortality in the years with severe drought (2005–2006), which depressed overall survivorship. We found no significant effect of any physiological or morphometric variables on lamb survival. Argali lambs die from several causes, with predation (44.6%) and starvation (21.4%) being the most significant.


Optimal control problems constrained to nonlinear partial differential equations appear in many applications. Because the discretization of these problems leads to large‐scale systems, a direct approach is not always viable. We consider the aggressive space‐mapping approach using surrogate models derived with the help of model order reduction techniques in order to efficiently solve such problems, while maintaining an acceptable accuracy. Numerical results based on a medical application (laser‐induced thermotherapy) are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Background & Significance Study Site Why green roofs? Green roofs provide ecosystem services (contributions for humans by the ecosystem) like reducing urban heat-island effect, regulating a building's temperature, improving storm water management, increasing urban habitat, and providing a space where people and nature can connect (Oberndorfer et al., 2007). What is the difference between extensive and intensive green roofs? Extensive green roofs have a depth of 3-6 inches. Intensive green roofs have depths greater than 6 inches. The different depths affect the performance of the roof, the types of plants to use, and its maintenance plan (Dunnett et al., 2008) Material & Methods Results Research Question Results


"The energy supplier of today, which focuses on the production and sales of electricity (and gas), has no
sustainable future. Energy suppliers have to redesign themselves to survive." All energy suppliers
approached in this research confirmed this statement. All four energy suppliers are searching for new ways
to position themselves in the future energy market. One thing is clear, in this new position non-commodity
products and services (e.g., solar installations and energy management tools) are of great importance. New
IT solutions are required to support (the sales and delivery of) non-commodity products and services.
However, there is some ambiguity around which IT solution would fit best. This research, therefore, aims to
provide insight into the expected performance of ERP as a solution for non-commodity products and
services supplied by energy suppliers. The expected performance is the degree to which an ERP
implementation provides the expected benefits for the organisation.


The purpose of this paper was to make sport-biomechunical analysis of the techniques of chinese elite male long jumpers. By using the data obtained from the computer processing of the film motion analyzer,authors found that the horizontal velocity of the chinese athltes is higher than that of the foreign athletes.But the vertical velocity , on the contrary ,of the chinese athletes is lower than that of the foreign athletes.This is perhaps the reason why the results of the chinese long jumpers have not been satisfactory.