Initially, a brief history of Buddhism and Confucianism describes for the reader a framework developed to determine right versus wrong action and to guide followers of these religions to do the right thing in social or business practice. In addition, this article uncovers exemplary business practices grounded in Buddhist and Confucian ethical values system and practiced in the global business arena and uses these discoveries to describe an application of Buddhist and Confucian ethical values systems. The result is the recognition that these ethical values systems have an honorable and moral place in global business practice.


Background An 18F-tagged NSAID analog was prepared for use as a probe for COX-2 expression, which is associated with tumor development. Methods The in vivo uptake of celecoxib was monitored with ortho-[18F]fluorocelecoxib using positron emission tomography (PET). The binding affinity of ortho-[18F]fluorocelecoxib to COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes were assessed using the competitor celecoxib. Results The IC50 values were 0.039 μM and 0.024 μM, respectively. A selectivity index of 1.63 was obtained (COX-2 vs COX-1). COX-2 overexpressed cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) murine cells took up more ortho-[18F]fluorocelecoxib than that by usual CCA cells from 10 to 60 minutes post incubation. Competitive inhibition (blocking) of the tracer uptake of ortho-[18F]fluorocelecoxib in the presence of celecoxib by the COX-2 overexpressed CCA cells and the usual CCA cells gave the IC50 values of 0.5 μM and 46.5 μM, respectively. Based on the in vitro accumulation data and in vivo metabolism half-life (30 min), PET scanning was performed 30–60 min after the administration of ortho-[18F]fluorocelecoxib through the tail vein. Study of ortho-[18F]F-celecoxib in the CCA rats showed a tumor to normal ratio (T/N) of 1.38±0.23 and uptake dose of 1.14±0.25 (%ID/g). Conclusion The inferior in vivo blocking results of 1.48±0.20 (T/N) and 1.18±0.22 (%ID/g) suggests that the nonspecificity is associated with the complex role of peroxidase or the binding to carbonic anhydrase.


Objective. Upper extremity function reflects disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluated the feasibility, validity and sensitivity to change of remote dexterity assessments applying human pose estimation to patient-uploaded videos. Methods. A discovery cohort of 50 adults with MS recorded selfie videos of self-care tasks at home: buttoning, brushing teeth, and eating. Kinematic data were extracted using MediaPipe Hand pose estimation software. Clinical comparison tests were: grip and pinch strength, 9 hole peg test (9HPT), and vibration, and patient-reported dexterity assessments (ABILHAND). Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated (Health-ITUES framework). A validation cohort (N=35) completed 9HPT and videos. Results. The modality was feasible: 88% of the 50 enrolled participants uploaded [≥]3 videos, and 74% completed the study. It was also usable: assessments easy to access (95%), platform easy to use (97%), and tasks representative of daily activities (86%). The buttoning task revealed 4 metrics with strong correlations with 9HPT (nondominant: r=0.60-0.69, dominant: r=0.51-0.57, p<0.05) and ABILHAND (r=-0.48, p=0.05). Retest validity at 1 week was stable (r>0.8). Cross-sectional correlations between video metrics and 9HPT were similar at 6 months, and in the validation cohort (nondominant: r=0.46, dominant: r=0.45, p<0.05). Over 6 months, pinch strength (5.8 to 5.0kg/cm2, p=0.05) and self-reported pinch (ABILHAND) decreased marginally. While only 15% participants worsened by 20% on 9HPT, 70% worsened in key buttoning video metrics. Interpretation: Patient-uploaded videos represent a novel, patient-centered modality for capturing dexterity that appears valid and sensitive to change, enhancing its potential to be disseminated for neurological disease monitoring and treatment.


the research focuses on the effects of short-term injection of recombinant human GH on the relational elements in GH/IGF-Ⅰ axis of trained rats.Methods: 32 rats are divided randomly into 4 groups: control group,exercise group,GH group and GH plus exercise group.The exercise pattern is swimming.Rats in GH and GH+ exercise group are injected with rhGH in the last week of the experiment,which lasts 7 days consecutively,one single injection with a dose of 100μg for each rat each day.Afterwards the blood GH,ghrelin and IGF-Ⅰ level are detected.Results: Compared with control group,after having been injected with rhGH for a short term,the plasma ghrelin level reduces remarkably(P0.01),serum IGF-Ⅰ increases markedly(P0.01),and the rate of blood IGF-Ⅰ/ghrelin increases markedly in rats.Conclusions: 1) Short-term rhGH administration reduces plasma ghrelin level,which indicates the negative feedback regulatory effect of GH administration on blood ghrelin level.2) Prior discoveries have been testified that serum IGF-Ⅰ can be increased markedly by GH administration.


The aim of this research was to analyze physical characteristics (color and texture), hedonic quality of taste and flavor of bilimbi jelly candy. There were 50 panelists in this research. This research was experimental research with two treatments, using bilimbi juice and smoothie, which were conducted in duplicate. Analysis method used in this research was t Test. The result of the physical characteristics for color and texture of bilimbi jelly candy no difference. The result of the hedonic quality for taste was no difference and the hedonic quality for flavor was difference.


the Foundation of National Natural Science, China (Grant No. 10774121);the Foundation of Northwest Normal University, Gansu Province, China (Grant No. NWNU-KJCXGC-03-22);the Youth Teacher Foundation of Northwest Normal University, Gansu Province, China (Grant No. NWNU-QN-06-25)


The launch of China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) has potentially forced competition between US-led World Bank (WB) and Japan-led Asian Development Bank (ADB) leading the global financial market, the forerunner of Asian infrastructure development. As China has become the role of international finance in line with G2 status, its first front line is likely to be an infrastructure market in Southeast Asia, especially led by the ADB. Geographically or geopolitically, Southeast Asia is not only a key region for China''s advance into the ocean, but also for the demand of large-scale infrastructure projects.
This study focuses on the essential aspects of expanding the diplomatic role and influence of countries including Southeast Asia, more than simple expanding infrastructure funding, which is the outward appearance of the AIIB. It also examines the current situation and limitations of the ADB Programs in Southeast Asian developing countries and discusses on the possibility of coexistence and contradiction of Southeast Asian infrastructure development since the launch of AIIB. In addition, it is inevitable that structural competition between the ADB and the AIIB, but also necessary to coexist matter-of-course with the development of Southeast Asian infrastructure.


The attenuated strain MDPV 26 had been derived by continued passage of virulent wild type (MDPV Q) in muscovy duck embryo. According to reported complete nucleotide sequences of Muscovy duck parvovirus, two modified primers (LHMP7/LHMP8) were designed and for each of them, a restriction endonuclease recognition site, SacⅡ or KpnⅠ, was included respectively. The DNA encoding VP 2 structural protein of MDPV 26 was amplified by PCR. The amplified DNA of MDPV 26 was cloned into pMD18 T vector and sequenced. Sequence indicated that both DNAs encoding VP 2 structural protein of MDPV Q and MDPV 26 displayed 99.7% identity; and share 98.3% homology with that of reported MDPV.


To solve the problem of the optimization design of pressure vessel,a new algorithm-quantum inspired ant colony algorithm was presented,which is based on the ant colony algorithm and the quantum computing.The mathematical model of a pressure vessel optimization design based on the quantum-inspired ant colony algorithm was also constructed.By using the proposed algorithm, the ideal searching direction of global optimal solution could be found quickly and the convergence speed can be improved.The algorithm is coded in Matlab under windows environment.Application results show that the algorithm for the optimization design is effective and practically useful in the area of the optimization design of chemical equipments.


ABSTRACTThis study is based ob the background behind the learning process that is less varied and the skill of communicating children is still low. Enthusiastic children to communicate what has been observed and done is still very lacking, children only communicate verbally. Though the process of communicating can be conveyed nonverbally, for example images, movements, and tables. Based on observations, the teacher also gives less opportunities for children to try and express their opinions. The media used is also very limited, so the learning process becomes less fun for children. Even though scientific learning should be a fun learning for children because children can try the media in the scientific learning activities. The purpose of this study was to improve the communication skills in class B RA Al-Istiqomah in Tasikmalaya City. This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR). This study was conducted in three cycles using the Kemmis Mc model. Taggart. The research subjects were children of group B RA Al-Istiqomah in Tasikmalaya City totaling 16 children. The object of this research is the skill to communicate. Rainbow Water science games are games used in learning to improve communication skills. Data collection techniques use documentation and documentation, while data analysis techniques use quantitative descriptive. The instrument used is a structured observation sheet with the achievement of indicators for each activity. The results of the research that have been carried out show that there is an increase in the skills of communicating through science games. This is evidenced by an increase in the ability of teachers to plan learning, the ability of teachers in the process of implementing learning through science games from each cycle. The final result of the skill in communicating the child is in good criteria, the end result of the teacher's ability to plan learning is in very good criteria, and the end result of the teacher's ability to carry out the learning is in very good criteria. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini di latar belakangi dari proses pembelajaran yang kurang variatif dan keterampilan mengkomunikasikan anak masih rendah. Antusias anak untuk mengkomunikasikan apa yang telah diamati dan dilakukannya masih sangat kurang, anak hanya mengkomunikasikan dengan cara verbal. Padahal proses mengkomunikasikan dapat disampaikan secara nonverbal, misalnya gambar, gerakan, dan tabel. Berdasarkan pengamatan, guru juga kurang memberi kesempatan anak untuk mencoba dan mengeluarkan pendapatnya. Media yang digunakan juga sangat terbatas, sehingga proses pembelajaran menjadi kurang menyenangkan bagi anak. Padahal seharusnya pembelajaran saintifik merupakan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan bagi anak karena anak dapat mencoba media dalam kegiatan pembelajaran saintifik tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mengkomunikasikan di kelas B RA Al-Istiqomah Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak tiga siklus dengan menggunakan model Kemmis Mc. Taggart. Subjek penelitian adalah anak kelompok B RA Al-Istiqomah Kota Tasikmalaya yang berjumlah 16 anak. Objek penelitian ini adalah keterampilan mengkomunikasikan. Permainan sains Rainbow Water adalah permainan yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mengkomunikasikan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan dokumentasi, Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Instrument yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi terstruktur dengan capaian indikator setiap kegiatannya. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan keterampilan mengkomunikasikan melalui permainan sains.


We propose a method to determine the singularity parameters of the scattering amplitude given through data. The stabilizing smoothness norm acts as indicator of the most likely positions of poles in the unphysical sheets. We apply the method to experimental data on the ..pi pi.. and ..pi..K partial waves.


Optically active aziridino alcohols containing ferrocenyl groups were prepared from commercially available L-threonine in excellent yields and used as catalysts to promote the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aryaldehydes to afford 1-arylpropanol in up to 84% enantiomeric excesses with moderate to good yields.


A major concern associated with thermal-vacuum testing of the Apollo Command Service Module (CSM) and Lunar Module (LM) at the Johnson Space Center was the availability of a sensor to measure the irradiance of the solar simulation systems. The spectrum involved and the harsh environment established a need for a temperature-compensated pyrheliometer. Changes in test programs and test requirements over the years gave rise to requirements to measure irradiance in the infrared spectrum as well as the solar spectrum. These combined requirements prompted the development of a sensor that could be utilized to measure total irradiance in both spectral regions. Additionally, the sensor was designed to operate within a thermal-vacuum environment. The resulting radiometer has undergone extensive testing and has been proved to meet or exceed all of the design specification.


A title compound is readily prepared from methyl 2-quinolyl sulfoxide (3) with methylmagnesium bromide in excellent yield and an ipso addition of alkylmagnesium halides to 2,2′-biquinolyl (4) is also described.


Abstract : The Computer Aided Prototyping System (CAPS) is an integrated set of software engineering tools developed at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS). It is designed to support rapid prototyping of real-time systems. CAPS consists of four major subcomponents; the graphics/text editor, the user interface, the software database system, and the execution support system. Reports from users of CAPS, particularly novices, indicated that the clumsy and unintuitive multi windowed graphics/text editor present in the system hampered the use of the tool set. This thesis presents the substitution and integration of an efficient and user-friendly syntax directed editor into CAPS. The new syntax directed editor consists of a package of seven Ada95 parsers that recognize the elements of the Prototype System Description Language (PSDL) and an enhanced C


The dependence on energy is increasing in a growing population and a rapidly developing global world. Around 40% of the energy consumed is consumed in buildings. Building heating and cooling have boosted energy consumption and costs dramatically. As a consequence, in order to boost energy efficiency in buildings, it becomes inevitable to develop new construction materials with thermal insulation properties. Vermiculite, waste basalt powder, molten tragacanth, and cement-reinforced samples were produced for this purpose. Mechanical and thermal conductivity tests were performed on 48 samples produced at various rates. The findings of the experimentally measured thermal conductivity were modelled and compared with the outputs of the created artificial neural network. The Matlab software was used for modelling. The mechanical properties acquired experimentally using the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) approach were used as an input, and the correlation of the samples with thermal conductivity was investigated. The findings obtained were consistent with one another, and the thermal conductivity values were predicted with an error ranging between 7.6701% and 0.0091%, and the ANN yielded successful results at a rate of 99%.


The incoherent pion photoproduction reaction gd-->pi-pp is considered theoretically in a wide energy region Eth = pi-p reaction cross section beyond the impulse approximation for gd-->pi-pp. For the elementary gN-->piN, NN-->NN, and piN-->piN amplitudes, the results of the GW DAC are used. There are no additional theoretical constraints. The calculated cross section dSigma/dOmega(gd->pi-pp) are compared with existing data. The procedure used to extract information on the differential cross section dSigma/dOmega(gn-->pi-p) on the neutron from the deuteron data using the FSI correction factor R is discussed. The calculations for R versus pi-p CM angle \theta_1 of the outgoing pion are performed at different photon-beam energies with kinematical cuts for "quasi-free" process gn-->pi-p. The results show a sizeable FSI effect R \neq 1 from S-wave part of pp-FSI at small angles close to \theta_1 ~ 0: this region narrows as the photon energy increases. At larger angles, the effect is small (|R-1|<<1) and agrees with estimations of FSI in the Glauber approach.


1 Broyles LN, Van Beneden C, Beall B et al. Population-based study of invasive disease due to beta-hemolytic streptococci of groups other than A and B. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009; 48: 706–12. 2 MacMahon HE, Mallory FB. Streptococcus hepatitis. Am. J. Pathol. 1931; 7: 299–325. 3 Demers B, Simor AE, Vellend HP et al. Severe invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada: 1987–1991. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1993; 16: 792–800. 4 Girisch M, Heininger U. Scarlet fever associated with hepatitis – A report of two cases. Infection 2000; 28: 251–3.


The origin of Paget cells in extramammary Pagets disease is uncertain, however, some ultrastructural surveys revealed differentistion of Paget cells toward sweat gland apparatus. This is supported by recent immunohistochemical studies that Paget cells are irnmunohistochemically shown to react with antikeratin monoclonal antibodies specific to
simple epithelia. In this siudy, seven cases of extramammary Pagets disease were immunohistochemically investigated with adenokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),
involucrin by peroxidase-antiperoxidase(PAP) techniques. The results were as follow : l.
Epidermis, hair follicies and sebaceous glands revealed negative immunoreacativity for adenokeratin in all cases. Sweat glands(6/7), Paget cells(6/7) and underlying adenocarcinoma revealed positive immunoreactivity for adenokeratin. 2. Epidermis, hair
follicles and sebaceous glands(6/7) revealed negative immunoreactivity for CEA. Sweat
glands, Paget cells and underlying adenocarcinoma revealed positive immunoreactivity for CEA in all cases. 3. Lower epidermis, sweat glands(6/7), Paget cells and underlying adenocarcinorna revealed negative irnmunoreactivity for involucrin. Upper epidermis, hair follicles and sebaceous glands(5/7) revealed positive immunoreactivity far involucrin.
Based on these results, Paget cells of extramammary Pagets disease are considered to be derived from the sweat glands.
(Kor J Dermatol 28(2): 202 211, 1990)


N-Salicylideneaminopyridine (SAP) is a derivative of the common organic photochromic compound, N-salicylideneaniline (SA), whose crystal changes colors from orange to red upon UV irradiation. Interestingly, the photochromic property of the crystal depends on the crystal structure. In this study, SAP derivatives and their co-crystals were synthesized, and their crystal structures were analyzed to determine the relationship between their structures and photochromic properties. The photochromic property was found to be closely related to the molecular conformation and the packing efficiency in the crystal. In general, crystals with large dihedral angles were photochromic, while those with small dihedral angles were non-photochromic. However, even for crystals with large dihedral angles, small free available spaces in the crystal structure led to non-photochromic properties. This study demonstrates the importance of a combination of structural factors to elucidate the photochromic property of SAP derivatives.


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In the open sea, there is nowhere to hide. Predators scanning the depths can spot potential victims by how they scatter the light shining through the water. However the different shapes, sizes and transparencies of the creatures swimming around in the ocean affects how easy they


The purpose was to examine effects of different media for bovine in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) and in vitro embryo culture (IVC) on blastocyst rates, morpho-kinetics, and relative abundance of mRNA of 8 genes associated with critical processes and developmental competence in the embryo. Abattoir-derived cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were in vitro matured (IVM) in either TCM199 [+0.5% BSA and gonadotropins (Suigonan Vet 150 I.E. mL–1)] or in a novel commercially available media (Bo-IVM), and a total of 1196 presumptive zygotes, from 4 replicates, were submitted to in vitro culture (IVC) and cultured in either SOF (+0.5% BSA) or in a novel commercially available media (Bo-IVC). Blastocyst rates and morpho-kinetics were assessed on Day 8 after fertilization. The high-quality blastocysts from each group were analysed by RT-qPCR, on single blastocysts using earlier verified primers, for BAX, BCL2L1, DNMT3A, FASN, G6PD, HSPA1A, SLC2A1, and SLC2A3. Data on blastocyst rates were analysed for statistical differences using a linear regression model, using a binary reproach and general estimating equations. One-way ANOVA was used to detect differences in the relative abundance of mRNA between groups, whereas differences between maturation and culture media were analysed by a 2-way ANOVA. Blastocyst rates in the Bo-IVM/Bo-IVC (37%), TCM199/Bo-IVC (33%), Bo-IVM/SOF (26%), and TCM199/SOF (28%) groups were significantly different from each other (P < 0.0001). Specifically, the Bo-IVM/Bo-IVC group differed significantly from both SOF-cultured groups (P < 0.01). Subjectively, this group also had embryos of the highest quality and most advanced development. Significantly increased levels of mRNA transcripts were found for embryos cultured in Bo-IVC for all genes (P < 0.05) except BCL2L1. In conclusion, the developmental rates and gene expression of in vitro-produced bovine blastocysts were affected by the use of different culture media. Increased blastocyst rates, apparently superior embryo quality, and more abundant gene expression were achieved when blastocysts were cultured in Bo-IVC culture media compared with SOF. The project was supported by The Danish Council for Strategic Research.


Objective.— We attempted to investigate the relationship between migraine without aura (MwoA) and bronchial hyper‐reactivity to postulate inflammation as an underlying mechanism in migraine.


It is well known that measuring the input voltage and current, as the feedforward and feedback terms, are vital for the controller design in the problem of power factor compensation (PFC) of an AC-DC boost converter. Traditional adaptive scenarios corresponds to the simultaneous estimation of these variables are failed because the system dynamics is not in the classical adaptive form. In this paper, the system dynamics is immersed to a proper form by a new filtered transformation to overcome the obstacle. The phase and amplitude of the input voltage along with the input current is estimated from the output voltage with global convergent. An application of the proposed estimator is presented in conjunction with a well-known dynamic controller.


In the CMS data acquisition system, the readout unit is a fast buffering device for short-term storage of event fragments. It interfaces front-end devices and builder data network. The current Readout Unit prototypes are based on two homegrown hardware boards, the Readout Unit Memory (RUM) and the Readout Unit I/O (RUIO). These boards are equipped with an input/output processor (IOP). Several OS environments for this processor are developed. The software running on those boards will have to setup and control the input and output processes. Fast IOP to host communications are experimented. A software test environment is specifically designed for test and validation of the complex memory management of the RUM. I. THE HARDWARE ENVIRONMENT A. Readout in the CMS data acquisition model In the CMS data acquisition model, the Readout Unit (RU) temporarily stores data from a detector subpart, before forwarding it through the Builder Network to the Builder Unit. Each Builder Unit assembles event fragments for the Filter Units, which are in charge of processing events for Level 2 triggers and of forwarding events that passed Level 2 triggers to the computing services (see Figure 1). Detector Frontend Computing Services Readout Systems Filter Systems Event Manager Builder Networks Level 1 Trigger


1 . Introduction. The concepts of topological loops (Hofmann C2)) and analytic loops (Malc~v C5)) Iead us to the concept of differentiable local loops (S 2, Definition 1) and local loops on manifolds have been studied by the author (C3)) . Namely, in a differentiable manifold with an affine connection, each point has a neighbourhood which is a differentiable local loop with a binary operation defined by means of the parallel displacement of geodesics (C3] Theorem 1). In the present paper, differentiable manifold with a system which assigns to each point a neighbourhood with a structure of local loop will be introduced (S 2, Definition 2) and it will be shown that an affine connection of a manifold is determined by such a system (S 3, Theorem 1). In particular, it will be proved that if a differentiable manifold M with an affine connection r is given then r coincides with the affine connection r2 of M which is determined by the system ~ of local loops associated with r (Theorem 2)


At the present time, one of the most important activities in the computer science area is the management of computer networks. The high traffic of information demands a complexity and an increase in the infrastructure of the net, being thus essential a tool for manages. As main goal this work has as purpose the implantation and the use of the NAGIOS for the management of computer networks through the control of the main services and schemes that compose the computer network. With the implantation and the use of the NAGIOS to manage computer networks, the performance and the agility in the correction of imperfections errors are very fast e also will be able to be preceded it, notifying and automatically repairing eventual imperfections in services of the defective net or hardware. In such a way we can conclude that the Nagios is a robust and concise tool enclosing all the necessary points for a management and the administration of a computer network of small, average and of great transport.


Demand for high spatial and temporal resolution measurements has triggered a rapid development of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for plant phenotyping and precision farming purposes. Similarly, recent progress in low-altitude remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) resulted in several studies aiming at the development of SIF proximal sensing approaches. Although first experimental results are promising, the requirements for reliable and repeatable measurements in agricultural experiments still constrain applicability of these platforms. In this study, we analyze current capabilities and potentials of SIF measuring UAS for operational use. We highlight existing challenges and outline how UAS SIF sensing could be used more frequently and reliably in precision agriculture applications in the near future.


In the continuous improvement of people's living standards today, the leisure sports is very important, this article make research of present situation on the development of city leisure sports in China, and summarize the effect of urban leisure sports, development status and development opportunities and bottlenecks and puts forward some measures and proposals to promote the city leisure sports


An autonomous navigation method based on UV sensor (ultraviolet sensor, UV sensor) for high earth orbit (HEO) satellites is proposed by considering the problem of accuracy decrease caused by the constant deviation in UV sensor imaging plane. Firstly, the constant deviation is looked on as state variable of the navigation system to realize real-time estimate and compensation. Secondly, partial state information is deemed as indirect measurement, which makes design of the filter simplified and the systematic computation decreased. Finally, simulation results are provided, which illustrate that the proposed navigation method can acquire good performance when applied to HEO satellite navigation system.


How families engage with their technologies in the home is important as there is an increasing interest being shown by manufacturers and researchers towards the home. The lessons from over twenty years research in Human-Computer Interaction indicates that people need to be involved in a process which may have an impact on their lives. The question arises, then, as to how designers can investigate the needs and wants of people with respect to technology in the home. This thesis presents a new method that facilitates requirements gathering in the home with a heterogeneous group of users. The method is called the Home Workshop and it draws mainly on methods that have emerged from Participatory Design. A study of five households' use of technology was conducted in central Scotland, each were visited on three occasions, using the Home Workshop method. The data was analysed using grounded theory and ethnographic software. The results show that an investigation of this nature can help uncover clues to our relationship with technology in the home. It can also give directions to designers who are hoping to design technology for innovative home concepts. It has been demonstrated that the general public can participate in a workshop in the home successfully and ideas and valuable contributions can be expected both from children and from the elderly.


The sobering facts are clear: hospitals and health systems are facing a severe nursing shortage, with safe inpatient staffing approaching near-crisis levels. Safely staffing inpatient care is challenging. Stopping the exodus of nurses from acute care must be prioritized by the entire C-suite, with the chief nurse executive at the center of all decisions. Beyond aggressive retention strategies, different in-kind solutions to address the practice environment are nonnegotiable and help address nursing concerns about continued hospital employment.


INTRODUCTION Fractures of the distal radius in children are very common and often results due to fall on an out stretched hand. Torus or buckle fracture is a compression failure of bone in which the cortex bulges due to longitudinally applied compressive force and normally occurs in the transitional zone between the metaphysis and diaphysis. They are common in the distal radius and show little or no tendency to displace. Torus fracture produces the characteristic bulge or "buckle" on radiographs and these are inherently stable. They clinically exhibit minimal symptoms, usually only local tenderness, and little apparent deformity. Treatment is, therefore, symptomatic only, providing pain relief Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, Vol-11, No 4, Oct-Dec 015


When this economizer holds pneumatic test of tube side,the leakage happens at the expanded joint of tube-sheet and tube.The reason was found and its change of structure was described,and then consequence is good after adapting it.


The problems existed in teaching practice were summarized.The reform countermeasures were put forward from deepening understanding,increasing practice courses,reforming teaching and examination methods,etc.It's expected to promote the teaching effect and training quality of talents in high vocational colleges.


This article is based on the theory of software radio and orthogonal demodulation algorithm, and have made analysis to AM, FM, ASK, FSK, PSK ect, embarking on the theory of orthogonal transforming . It has analyzed the synchronism and the quartered component which each signal orthogonal decomposes, and has carried on the summary induction to it. Finally complete the multi de-modulation with the software on the TMS320C5402 chip.


This is a closed-book closed-notes exam. The only items you are permitted to bring are writing implements. Mark every sheet of paper you use with your name and the string " cs347fs2005 exam2 ". If you are caught cheating, you will receive a zero grade for this exam. The max number of points per question is indicated in square brackets after each question. The sum of the max points is 105 (that includes 5 bonus points). You have 90 minutes to complete this exam. Good luck! All the questions on this page are about the following state space graph, with A being the start state and H being the goal state. The order in which successors are generated is counterclockwise, ending at exactly 9 o'clock. Example: A generates first B, then C, then D, and finally E. When sorting by path-cost, nodes with equal path-cost are ordered such that the earlier a node is generated, the higher its priority. Nodes already on the open list have higher priority than newly added nodes with equal path-cost. Heuristic h(node) is defined in the following table: node h(node)


Manneville and Dubois‐Violette's linear stability analysis of the roll‐cell instability in nematics is extended to account for the effect of finite rates of roll‐cell growth. The extended theory is applied to shearing flows of tumbling liquid crystalline polymers, in which the Ericksen number is typically a decade or more above the critical value for formation of the roll cells. It is found that, starting from a monodomain with director oriented perpendicular to both the flow and the flow gradient, at asymptotically high Ericksen numbers a wide band of wave numbers is unstable and the width lm of the fastest growing roll cells is proportional to γ−1/4D1/2, where γ is the shear rate and D is the gap between the shearing surfaces. This prediction of thin roll cells whose width depends only weakly on shear rate is consistent, in part, with roll‐cell observations of Srinivasarao and Berry for poly(1,4‐phenylene‐2,6‐benzobisthiazole), and with characteristic texture spacings measured in sheared poly(γ‐benzyl...


Arky: The Saga of the USS Arkansas. By Ray Hanley and Steven Hanley. (Little Rock: Butler Center Books, 2015. Pp. 167. Foreword by Anthony A. Sirco, afterword, notes, bibliography, index. $29.95, paper.)Between its commissioning in 1912 and its sinking as part of the infamous Bikini atomic tests of 1946, the battleship U.S.S. Arkansas participated in the occupation of Veracruz in 1914, patrolled the east coast during World War I, and provided gunfire support for amphibious landings on Normandy, southern France, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa during World War II. Ray Hanley and the late Steven Hanley, known for their extensive work in local Arkansas history, deliver an affectionate account of the career of the late dreadnought in this brief volume.Arky provides even coverage of the major incidents in the Arkansas's service record. In relating the events of World War II, the authors have relied extensively upon excerpts from journals kept by crewmen aboard the ship. The eighth chapter, "Sacrificed to the Dawn of the Atomic Age," which deals with the ship's demise during the Bikini tests, is the most poignant and disturbing chapter of the book. The Arkansas was part of a sacrificial fleet subjected by the U.S. Navy to two separate atomic explosions in July 1946. The Arkansas survived the first bomb, which detonated about five hundred feet in the air, though the ship suffered fire and other damage. The second blast, which exploded underwater, occurred several days later and sent the Arkansas to the bottom of the lagoon.The story of the atomic tests at Bikini is a melancholy one and not only-or even mainly-because of the destruction of the Arkansas. The authors are rightly critical of the U.S. government's removal of the island's people to locations that were scarcely habitable. Moreover, the Navy opted to return crewmen to the ships that survived the first attack in order to clean up and make repairs. Unfortunately, it did not provide the men with protective suits to shield them from the radiation that permeated the vessels. While the Hanleys concede that "the world had scant experience at that point with the aftermath of an atomic bomb," they nevertheless observe: "In a retrospective reading decades later, it challenges logic that in a ship just damaged by an atomic bomb, the engineers were to 'Make the machinery operable, with priority to lights and ventilation' among other assignments-all this so that the surviving and somewhat restored ships could then be likely finished off by the planned second atomic bomb" (p. …


The wearable device and a control method are disclosed. Wearable device in accordance with various embodiments of the invention, the processor, and includes a sensor module and a light source module for outputting time information corresponding to the biometric information of the detection is set up to detect the biological information of the user on which the wearable devices worn the processor, in accordance with the change of the biometric information of the detected change, the output attribute of the time information may include control such that output.


This article shows theoretical foundations and experience of research on the formation students' ICT competence, which was conducted based on the TOTE model. Described criteria of information and communication competence, proposed the model for the formation of ICT competence of high school students during the process of computer science education and to verify its effectiveness by conducting a monitoring study. The results of the experiment determined the impact of way of formation, method of formation and form of assisstance on the formation of students' ICT competence. DOI: https://doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2017.3.89s9


This chapter examines the similarities between the techno-fantasies promoted by the modern spiritualist movement and the claims made by contemporary scientists and engineers with regard to the uploading of human consciousness onto computers. It argues that these similarities help to explain why spiritualist concepts, such as the survival of the soul after death and the possibility of communication with disembodied spirits, appear so frequently in contemporary science fiction narratives, which often depict the survival of human personalities as virtual subjects in cyberspace. Instead of celebrating these spiritual possibilities, however, science fiction narratives often represent simulated experience as a loss of true identity and agency, which more closely resembles the arguments made by the opponents of spiritualism in the nineteenth century. Spiritualist concepts thus remain relevant today because they continue to serve as a common language for representing and critiquing the effects of new information technologies.


Amphibian skin has been highlighted as an unprecedented source of novel bioactive peptides. Many of these peptides have mammalian counterparts, the distributions of which have been well documented. By comparison, the study of regulatory peptides in the amphibian central nervous system (CNS) and gastrointestinal (GI) tract has received little attention. Neuromedin U (NmU) and neuromedin B (NmB) are two novel mammalian peptides' which have a brain-gut distribution in mammals. The aim of this work was to examine the possibility of a parallel distribution of these peptides in an amphibian species. Adult male and female frogs were dissected, and the tissues were weighed, diced, and plunged into boiling 0.5 M acetic acid. The resulting extracts were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for NmU,' NmB? and bombesin (BN)! The NmB assay showed 10.05% cross-reaction with BN and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) but 60% and 70% cross-reaction with ranatensin and litorin, respectively. The anti-BN antisera used displayed carboxyl-terminal specificity, with the last nine amino acids being required for full cross-reaction. In addition, tissue extracts were analyzed chromatographically. Both NmU-like immunoreactivity (NmU-LI) and NmB-LI were found in the amphibian (Rana temporaria) CNS and GI tract, with regional distributions similar to those shown in the rat (TABLE 1). Interestingly, in contrast to BN-LI, neither NmU-LI nor NmB-LI was detected in the skin of this species. The tissue concentrations of NmU-LI exceeded those of either NmB-LI or BN-LI by approximately tenfold. Despite the structural similiarity of NmB and BN, both NmB-LI and BN-LI showed distinctly different distributions and chromatographic profiles. Chromatographic analysis of the immunoreactivity detected by each assay showed marked molecular heterogeneity, and attempts to demonstrate coelution with synthetic stan-


Concerns over the energy consumption and environmental impacts of the built environment have been recently growing more than ever. States and local agencies in California make every effort to set rules and regulations to curtail depletion of resources and promote efficient construction and facility management. Policy efforts to deal with these issues have mainly focused on sustainable architecture, green technologies, and renewable energy and efficiency in the energy sector. Previous studies on California state green building policies have used empirical information extracted from secondary sources such as comparison of conventional and green building approaches, barriers to green buildings, energy saved per square foot for green buildings, and incentives. This paper presents the analysis of responses collected through a recent online survey on the barriers and incentives of green affordable housings construction in California. The total of 75 respondents include a broad range of subject matter experts such as architects, civil engineers, project managers, contractors, faculty members, interior designers, and real estate agents. 76% have been engaged in planning or construction of green buildings. Analysis of answers to the 12 questions presents strong indicators about the barriers and enablers of green building in California. Considering the fact that California is in the frontline of sustainability and energy efficiency policy development, results of this study are valuable to researchers and decision makers in other states and scalable to the federal level.


Introduction:
 Systolic blood pressure (SBP) time in target range (TTR) was proven to be a new parameter to predict cardiovascular outcomes. However, the prognostic value for cognitive function is unclear.

 Hypothesis:
 Higher TTR was associated with lower incidence of cognitive outcomes.

 Methods:
 We performed a post hoc analysis from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), a randomized controlled trial comparing intensive (<120 mm Hg) and standard (<140 mm Hg) SBP interventions in 9361 individuals with hypertension. SBP target range was defined as 110 to 130 mm Hg for the intensive group and 120 to 140 mm Hg for the standard group. Participants who had less than 3 SBP measurements during this period or no cognitive assessment in the follow-up were excluded. TTR was calculated by linear interpolation using SBP from baseline to the first 3 months of follow-up. Cognitive outcomes were probable dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and a composite of probable dementia or MCI. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between TTR and cognitive outcomes.

 Results:
 A total of 8415 patients were included in this study. In univariate Cox regression analysis, higher time in target range was associated with lower risk of probable dementia. After adjustment for age, sex and race, a 1-SD increase in TTR was independently associated with a 16% lower risk of probable dementia (hazard ratio [HR] =0.84, 95% CI 0.75-0.93, P =0.002) (Figure). When we further added demographics, medical history and mean SBP to the multivariate Cox regression model, TTR remained significantly associated with a decreased risk of probable dementia (HR =0.84, 95% CI 0.74-0.96, P =0.012). No significant relationship was found between TTR and MCI or a composite of probable dementia or MCI.

 Conclusions:
 In this post hoc analysis of the SPRINT trial, SBP time in target range was an independent predictor of probable dementia beyond mean SBP levels.


Walden will always be associated with Henry Thoreau. It should also be associated with Emerson. Everyone knows that Thoreau built his cabin on Emerson's land at Walden Pond; it is less often recalled that Emerson not only owned land out there (which his family made sure would be kept open to the public forever) but also that Emerson himself had a primary, crucial, spiritual connection to Walden. Emerson loved the pond and the woods, and they were absolutely vital to his own life and work. For Emerson, who walked out to Walden almost every day for many years, Walden meant renewal, new possibilities, the morning of the mind, and from his Walden walks came his writings. He once thought of calling his second published book Forest Essays. Perhaps he should have. ********** On October 4, 1844, which just happened to be the day after Herman Melville stepped ashore at Boston from his years of travel in the South Seas, Emerson, out at Concord, wrote to his brother William in New York that he had "lately added an absurdity or two to my usual ones, which I am impatient to tell you of. In one of my solitary wood-walks by Walden Pond, I met two or three men who told me they had come thither to sell and buy a field, on which they wished me to bid as a purchaser." Emerson is quick to point out that this is not just any old field. "As it was on the shores of the pond, and now for many years I had a sort of daily occupancy in it, I bid on it, and bought it, eleven acres for $8.10 per acre. The next day I carried some of my well-beloved gossips to the same place and they deciding that the field was not good for anything if Heartwell Bigelow should cut down his pine-grove, I bought, for 125 dollars more, his pretty wood lot of three or four acres, and so am landlord and waterlord of 14 acres, more or less, on the shore of Walden, and can raise my own blackberries." The purchase of course had consequences. "I am now, like other men who have hazarded a small stake, mad for more.... Mrs Brown wishes me to build her a cottage on some land near my house; and the dreaming Alcott is here with his Indian dreams that I helped him to some house and farm in the Spirit Land!" Emerson had just sent off the proofs for Essays: Second Series. He explained to his brother that his purchases were "the light-headed frolics of a hack of a scribe when released at last from months of weary tending on the printers devil." (1) Brother William was unimpressed, partly because times were hard and neither brother had money to spare. But it is also clear from William's reply that he thought the Walden area was already ruined, indeed violated, and not worth acquiring. "If you had bought the shores of Walden Pond" he wrote his brother, "before they were thrown open to the garish eye of railroad traveler, I should not have marveled. But I confess I shall hardly think those years bring you wisdom, if you throw away even these cheap acres upon such a sieve (pardon the confusion of the metaphor) as the orphic philosopher." William obviously didn't think much of Bronson Alcott, but he added, gamely, "If you want any money to complete your purchase, I will furnish whatever you call for." (2) Whatever William might think, the purchase was clearly an important one for Emerson. To his English friend Thomas Carlyle he wrote; "and when shall I show you a pretty pasture and woodlot which I bought last week on the borders of a lake which is the chief ornament of this town called Walden Pond. One of these days, if I should have any money, I may build me a cabin or a turret there high as the treetops and spend my nights as well as days in the midst of a beauty which never fades for me." (3) But it wasn't Alcott, or Lucy Brown or Emerson who came to Walden and built a cabin; it was Henry Thoreau who did so, perhaps in response to a letter from Ellery Channing suggesting that he, Thoreau, go out to Walden and "begin the grand process of devouring yourself alive. …


Irradiation of bromine with. He ions in the 36 to 72 MeV range has produced a rubidium fraction which, apart from the well known activities of 8 2 Rb, Rb and 8 1 Rb, shows activities with half lives of 24 + 2 minutes and 6 + 1 minutes. The former period represents Rb, whereas the 6-minutes period is ascribed to Rb. Quantities of 20 mg ammoniumbromide (p. a. Union Chimique Beige, S. A.) were packed in 0.01 mm gold foil and irradiated for 1 minute with He ions in the synchrocyclotron of this institute. After activation the material was dissolved in water. Both R b l and Na2S03 were added, followed by HC104. The RbC104 formed was collected by filtration. Counting was started approximately 5 minutes after the irradiation. I t was performed with a 20 cm-Ge(Li)detector (Nuclear Diodes) coupled to a Tennelec TC-130 ΓΕΤ charge amplifier, a Tennelec TC-200 linear amplifier and either a Laben-4096 channel analyzer or a PDP-8 (DEC) programmed to act as a multichannel analyzer with a Nuclear Data 4096 ADC. Energy and intensity calibrations of the detector were performed with a set of standard IAEA gammasources. A 2.0 cm perspex absorber or a 1.2 cm lead absorber covered with cadmium and copper were used.


Information technology (IT) is a generic term referring to technologies which are being used for collecting, storing, editing and passing on information in various forms. Information and communication technology is being used extensively not just part of national curriculum requirements but also as a management, assessment diagnostic and statistic tool. Interactive computer applications and simulation exercise can be used to supplement the traditional study preparation (Leidener and Jarvenpaa 1995). Various researches have been done to investigate the effectiveness of information technologies as an educational tool. IT has the potential to play an important role in making science in schools more relevant, interesting and motivating for students (Mork 2005). It is believed that the power and accessibility of IT are now narrowing the gap between school science and industrial science, thus enabling science teaching to provide opportunities for students to emulate uses of IT made by professional scientists. Therefore consideration needs to given to developed IT-based science activities in classrooms, which enables students to learn science as well as to experience it. The goal of teaching is to facilitate the transfer of knowledge from the expert (teachers) to the learners (students) (Leidener and Jarvenpaa 1995). Errors in understanding are the result of imperfect or incomplete knowledge transfer. Individuals must share the same understanding of words in order to communicate efficiently. In a classroom setting, the teacher is the source of knowledge and should be in control of the teaching material and learning pace. Knowledge sharing is related to knowledge management. Knowledge management is viewed as an increasingly important discipline that promotes the creation, sharing and leveraging of knowledge. This study investigate how teaching activities, such as using teaching courseware, allow sufficient interaction for knowledge sharing process to take place within the classroom environments.


A new species, Muscari babachii Eker & Koyuncu sp. nov. (Hyacinthaceae) from south Anatolia is described. Diagnostic characters, description, detailed illustration, geographical distribution, IUCN extinction risk, observations and taxonomic comments on the new species are given. It is also compared with the closely related M. tenuiflorum Tausch.


In order to solve the trouble that SolidWorks Toolbox can't meet the requirements of accurate design of gear, the parametric design process of gear is analyzed by SolidWorks secondary development and numerical simulation method, and the gear models are successfully created by macro. The tooth profile curves of each gear are fitted by MATLAB. Besides, the tooth profile curve errors of parametric design and Toolbox are calculated. The results show that the parametric design method is faster and more accurate whose error is far less than that of Toolbox method, because the tooth profile curve of parametric design is involute, while that of toolbox is replaced by arc. This provides a parametric design method for the rapid and accurate modeling of gears.


With the increasing frequency of travel activities, requirements to suitcase are getting higher, using innovation design strategy to occupy market has been gradually formed a consensus. Implementation of design innovation strategy requires the developers not only have good innovative concept and thinking, but also have the ability to balance each industrial limiting factor. Through analyzing the example of the multifunctional modularization suitcase design,industrial transformation of innovation concept is discussed,so the design scheme can be transformed into valuable products.


Reviews forms of air conditioning in buildings. Argues that ceiling‐based systems have their disadvantages and that the best way to provide a comfortable and healthy working environment, that is also flexible, is the underfloor route. Points to a recent study, which reveals savings in direct costs as a result of using underfloor air conditioning.


ABSTRACT Background: MTCL including systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL) are aggressive neoplasms. Anthracycline-based multiagent chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated response rates ranging from 76 to 88%. Five-year overall survival rates range from 12 to 49% depending on the histologic subtype. Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody drug conjugate that has shown efficacy in a pivotal phase 2 study as a single agent in relapsed sALCL (Pro et al., J Clin Oncol, 2012) and evidence of clinical activity in combination with CHP in the frontline treatment of MTCL including sALCL in a phase 1 study (Fanale et al., ASH 2012). Trial design: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase 3 study (NCT01777152) is evaluating the safety and efficacy of 1.8 mg/kg brentuximab vedotin with CHP (A + CHP) vs CHOP for frontline treatment of CD30+ MTCL. Pts must have FDG-avid disease by PET and measureable disease of at least 1.5 cm by CT. Approximately 300 pts will be randomized 1:1 to receive A + CHP or CHOP for 6–8 cycles (q3wk). Randomization will be stratified by ALK+ sALCL vs other histologic subtypes and IPI score (0–1, 2–3, or 4–5). The target proportion of pts with a diagnosis of sALCL will be 75%. The primary objective is to compare progression-free survival (PFS) between the 2 treatment arms as determined by an independent review facility (IRF). Secondary objectives include comparisons of PFS per IRF in sALCL patients, safety, overall survival, and complete remission rate between the 2 arms. After completion of treatment, pts will be followed for disease progression, medical resource utilization, quality of life, and survival. Post-treatment stem cell transplant is permitted. Efficacy assessments will use the Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma (Cheson 2007). CT and PET scans will be performed at baseline, after Cycle 4, and after the completion of treatment. CT scans will also be performed at regular intervals during follow-up until disease progression, death, or analysis of the primary endpoint. Safety assessments will occur throughout the study until 30 days after last dose of study treatment. Enrollment for this global trial is ongoing. Reused with permission from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). This abstract was accepted and previously presented at the 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting. All rights reserved. ASCO 2013 (TPS8611). Disclosure: T. Illidge: Consultant: Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Seattle Genetics, Inc. Honoraria: Takeda Pharmacueticals International Co. Research funding/grants: Seattle Genetics, Inc.; B. Pro: Acted as a consultant for: Seattle Genetics, Inc. Research funding/grants provided to the authors institution by: Seattle Genetics, Inc.; L.H. Trumper: Acted as a consultant for: Seattle Genetics, Inc.; E.K. Larsen: Employment: Seattle Genetics, Inc. Equity ownership (including stock options): Seattle Genetics, Inc.; D. Huebner: Employment: Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co. Equity ownership (including stock options): Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co.; D.A. Kennedy: Employment: Seattle Genetics, Inc.; Equity ownership (including stock options): Seattle Genetics, Inc.; O. O'Connor: Consultant: Onyx, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Celgene, Allos, Seattle Genetics, Inc. Honoraria: Takeda Pharmacueticals International Co. Research funding/grants: Seattle Genetics, Inc. Takeda Pharmacueticals International Co., Allos.


An antibiotic type of resistance has been demonstrated in sweet corn inbred lines and hybrids by periodic growth measurements of corn earworm larvae feeding on resistant and susceptible types. Resistant types could be distinguished readily from the susceptible by a significant increase in larval mortality on the former. Resistant lines also retarded larval growth, decreased depth to which larvae penetrated the ear, and delayed pupation of the insect. Resistance to the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), has been demonstrated repeatedly in maize, but the nature of resistance is elusive. There is evidence that certain morphological features of the ear are involved. Factors contributing to husk protection, such as husk tightness beyond the tip of the cob and length of silk channel through which the larva must feed to reach the kernels, are important. However, contradictory reports have been made concerning how much some of these factors actually contribute to over-all resistance. Painter (6,7) has reviewed most of the earlier work. Recent reports (5, 9, 10) confirm that silk balling and long, tight husks beyond the tip of the cob are effective physical barriers to the earworm larvae. One of the most intriguing and challenging of the possible t Received for publication May 4, 1970. ^Presently Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama. 3Research Geneticist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Charleston, South Carolina. ^The entomological assistance of F. P. Cuthbert, Jr. is gratefully acknowledged. J. Am er. Soc. H ort. Sci. 96(3 ):273-277 resistance factors is the antibiotic effect first reported by Walter (11) as the basis for resistance in certain lines. Experiments by Wann and Hills (12) also support the theory that some factor in the silks of certain resistant hybrids and inbreds has an adverse effect on larval growth. The resistance factor was manifested by an increase in mortality rate and slower growth rate of the surviving larvae. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of resistant sweet corn on the biology of the corn earworm, and to assess the importance of antibiosis as a factor in earworm resistance. Materials and Methods Plant material. Sweet corn hybrids 471U6 x 81-1 and Ml 19B x Z218, their inbred parent lines, and the commercial hybrid 'Golden Security' were used in this study. Inbred lines 471U6, 81-1 and Ml 19B are considered to possess a moderate level of resistance to the corn earworm, while inbred Z218 is highly susceptible. 'Golden Security' was used as a susceptible control in each experiment. Experimental design. The 7 entries were planted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications in a


CPAP is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory changes and plays a key role in the management of respiratory failure. Scanty data are available on the effects of CPAP on autonomic control in healthy subjects.


The invention provides a Y-direction automatic adjusting mechanism of a cutting tool presetter camera shooting device, which is characterized in that a first inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism and a second inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism are arranged inside a base, an optical lever is respectively connected with the first inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism and the second inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism in a rotating way, the moving direction of the first inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism is opposite to that of the second inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism, a camera support is fixed on the upper part of the first inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism, a camera is fixed on the upper part of the camera support, one projection device support is fixed on the upper part of the second inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism, the other projection device is fixed on the upper part of the projection device support, and the camera corresponds to the projection devices. The camera which is fixed on a Z axis can be freely adjusted along the Y-axis direction according to the size of a measured cutting tool, so that the size requirement of a majority of numerical-control machine tool cutting tools can be met, and the universality of a cutting tool presetter can be improved. Through the fine tuning of the inner bevel wheel fine tuning mechanism, stability and reliability in transmission can be realized, the error is small, and the measurement size is more precise.


The present invention is the weight per length of the semi-finished product as measured by, operation of the die swelling and shrinkage that occurs when semi-finished extruded, and first scale conveyor and the second scale conveyor relates to a semi-finished extruded control apparatus and extruded control method for a tire, and calculating the shear rate, and with a shrinkage operation the shrinkage ratio at a specific time, calculating a proper extrusion rate calculated by the shrinkage ratio at specific time forced extrusion conveyor, to shrink the conveyor, first scale conveyor, the cooling conveyor, and the second by controlling the extrusion speed according to the scale conveyor, and a transfer conveyor, which has the effect to improve the quality of the tire through the dimensional stabilization during extrusion of the semi-finished strip. Semi-finished product, an extruder, a die head, die swell, shear rate, contraction ratio


Pneumonia due to Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) is a frequent infection in HIV‐positive and also in immunocompromised HIV‐negative patients. PCR analysis of pulmonary samples has become an essential element in PCP laboratory diagnosis. Currently, many commercially PCR‐based tests are available for P jirovecii detection and need to be evaluated.


The aim of this article is to identify future trends in the education and training of school librarians by examining the demands which will be made on future school librarians and the likely technological and educational developments which will influence these demands. The author will argue that despite present differences in the education of school librarians in the UK, Canada, Australia and the USA, future demands will mean that the objectives of future education will have to be common, even if the methods remain dissimilar. In terms of training, it will be argued that there exists and will continue to exist, a commonality of needs amongst school librarians in the fields of information skills, information technology and curriculum development.


The effects of B and Ca treatments on root growth, nutrient localization and cell wall properties in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants with and without Al stress were investigated. Seedlings were grown hydroponically in a complete nutrient solution for 7 d and then treated with B (0, 40 μM), Ca (0, 2,500 μM), and Al (0, 100 μM) in a 500 μM CaCl2 solution for 8 d. The cell wall materials (CWM) were extracted with a phenol: acetic acid: water (2:1:1 w/v/v) solution and used for subsequent pectin extraction with trans-1,2-diami-nocyclohexane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (CDTA) and Na2CO3 solutions. Boron, Ca, and B + Ca treatments enhanced root growth by 19.5, 15.2, and 27.2%, respectively, compared to the control (pH 4.5). Calcium and B+Ca treatments enhanced root growth with Al stress by 43 and 54%, respectively, while B did not exert any effect. The amounts of CWM and pectin per unit of root fresh weight increased by Al treatment, whereas the Ca and B+Ca treatments slightly reduced the contents of these components. Seventy-four percent of total B, 69% of total Ca, and 85% of total Al were located in the cell wall in the B, Ca, and Al treatments, respectively and 32% of total B, 33% of total Ca, and 33% of total Al were located in the CDTA-soluble and Na2CO3-soluble pectin fractions. A more conspicuous localization of B was observed in the presence of Al. Aluminum treatment markedly decreased the Ca content in the cell wall as well as pectin fractions, mainly in the case of the CDTA-soluble pectin fraction. Boron + Ca treatment decreased the Al content in the cell wall and pectin fractions compared to the Ca treatment alone in the presence of Al. It is concluded that the B+Ca treatment enhanced root growth and, B and Ca uptake, and helped to maintain a normal B and Ca metabolism in the cell walls even in the presence of Al.


Julia Belluz hears from both sides in the lengthy battle between the drug giants and researchers that led to the release of full clinical trial data on neuraminidase inhibitors. Does the release of these files herald a more transparent era?


Cooperate colleges refer to the colleges used to be administrated by related national ministries,and then built and managed by local authorities.This kind of colleges takes up great proportion and has unbalanced development level.The paper points out the related problems and puts forward some suggestions.


We report the first occurrence of poly‐cyclic high‐pressure low‐temperature (HP‐LT) rocks from the easternmost Indus‐Yarlung suture zone, formed during subduction of Neo‐Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. Petrology, mineral composition and P–T pseudosection modelling reveal two low‐temperature eclogite facies metamorphic events with an initial high‐pressure P–T condition of 16.4–18.7 kbar and 510–520°C, exhumation to 10.5–12.0 kbar and 580–590°C and a subsequent second high‐pressure P–T condition of ~16 kbar and ~560°C and exhumation to ≤9 kbar and ≤600°C. This history implies a complex 'yo‐yo type' P–T path. In situ monazite dating and textural relationships show that late‐stage exhumation, cooling and garnet breakdown occurred at c. ~25–22 Ma. We interpret the first burial event to represent subduction of the Neo‐Tethys Ocean at the eastern Indus‐Yarlung suture zone. Initial exhumation, reburial and final exhumation represent material transport in a large‐scale convective circulation system in the subduction channel. Convective overturn in the subduction channel evidently serves both as a mechanism to produce poly‐cyclic metamorphism and to exhume LT eclogite facies rocks.


The design of a radiation hard ECR source for the ISAC radioactive beam facility has been completed. The ion source with its 0–60 kV extraction system is coupled to the radioactive isotope production target via a small transfer tube. For a typical ISAC target the copper coils of the ECR source will be exposed to a dose rate of about 105 Gy/h for a 100 μA∼500 MeV incident proton beam. The whole assembly is located beneath a 2 m thick steel shielding structure. Construction details of the target-ion source system and auxiliary equipment are described. The source will be tested at the TRIUMF test bench during the second half of 2001 and will be installed in the ISAC facility by the middle of 2002.


We have created the first cartography for measuring exiles, within historical and a semantic field. We will analyze two experiences and projects that will get us into complicated cultural and political issues.


A critical set is a partial Latin square that has a unique completion to a Latin square, and is minimal in this property. Suppose that P is a critical set in a Latin square L of order n, and there is one row of P which is empty. Then there are at most two rows of P with precisely one entry, and thus |P| ≥ 2n - 4. Moreover, in this case these three rows in L are isotopic to three adjacent rows in the back circulant Latin square. In our proof new algorithms for constructing Latin trades in arbitrary Latin squares are given.


Background: Cutaneousleishmaniasisasaprevalentsandflybornediseaseinmanytropicalandsubtropicalcountrieshasadverse economic consequences for patients and health care systems. Objectives: The aim of present study was evaluation of the economic burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis on families and consequently the health care systems in all of 31 provinces of Iran for year 2017. Methods: Thiscross-sectionalstudywascarriedoutbasedonavailabledatafrom14125cutaneousleishmaniasiscasesinallendemic foci of Iran in 2017. The direct and indirect costs paid by patients and government health care systems were extracted through ac-countingdocumentsviapatientsandhealthstaffintheofficeof zoonoticdiseasescontrol,CDC,IranianMinistryof Health. Thedata wasrecordedinresearcher-madeforms. Activitybasedcosting(ABC)isusedtoevaluateeconomicburdenof healthcareservicesin Irantopatientswithof CL.TwofinancialsoftwaresuitesnamelyAzarakhshandRoozamadhavebeenemployedinadditiontoExcel V. 2010. Results: Theincidenceof cutaneousleishmaniasisinIranwas17.82per100,000people(14125/79,262,000). Economicburdenof the diseasewasestimatedat291,046,430,125Rials($ 5,820,928). Theaveragedirect,indirect(overhead)andgovernmentalcostspaidfor each case with CL was 10,631,250 Rials ($ 212.5), 9,653,807 Rials ($ 193) and 20,285,057 Rials ($ 405.5) respectively. The out of pocket for each patient was around 320 thousand Rials ($ 7). Total costs (governmental + out of pocket) during this period was estimated at 20,605,057 Rials ($ 412.5) expenditure per capita. Conclusions: Direct and indirect costs associated with diagnosis and treatment of CL in Iran that was provided by governmental health care systems and out-of-pockets are considerably high. It can have a great economic impact on families and consequently the health care systems. It seems adopting suitable preventive methods will be more affordable for people who live at risk of the disease.


Over the last decade considerable research effort has led to the development of Ultra Thin Reinforced Concrete Pavements (UTRCP). The objective of this paper is to present practical refinements to the original concepts and theories. This paper will briefly discuss the development of UTRCP, and problems encountered during the implementation of UTRCP technology. Refinements were proposed and implemented in a number of projects. These projects are discussed and illustrated to demonstrate the usefulness of the UTRCP. This paper also briefly discusses the cost implications of the UTRCP as well as a cost comparison with equivalent surfacings such as 45 mm asphalt and 80 mm block paving. It was found that the refinements which included a different reinforcing mesh, the use of ready mix concrete and a spin roller for compaction and finishing resolved most of the previous problems.


New azaalkyl or azacrown ferrocenyl compounds containing a C5H4COCC- linkage are accessible from mono- or diacetylferrocene upon treatment with the appropriate aldehydes (CHOC6H4-p-R, R = NEt2, N-aza-15-crown-5). Preliminary results concerning the electrochemical behaviour of complexes [(C5H5)Fe(C5H4COCH=CHC6H4NEt2)] (3a), [Fe(C5H4COCH=CHC6H4NEt2)2] (5a), the novel ferrocenophane [Fe(C5H4COCH2)2CHC6H4NEt2] (6a) and its protonated species [Fe(C5H4COCH2)2CHC6H4NHEt2][BF4] (7a), are reported. The ferrocenyl ligand 5a is a rare example of a molecule which is both electroactive and fluorescent.


Recently, Societe Generale has initiated a full historic archives service and this paper aims to explain the factors that led to such a decisive move. In summary, it arose, initially, from academic researches and makeshift archive rescues and, subsequendy, the provision of professional skills through the recruitment by Societe Generale of an archivist, Claire Chaumel. The following consists of two linked personal essays, with sections I to IV penned by the historian involved — Hubert Bonin — and sections V to VII by the responsible archivist from 1994 — Claire Chaumel.


The heterogeneous nature of β‐butyrolactone (BL) polymerization towards tactic poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in the presence of chromium(III) salphen (salphen=N,N′‐disalicylidene‐o‐phenylenediamine) complexes is supported by a number of experimental observations. Depending on the substitution pattern, initially soluble chromium(III) salphen chloride complexes can generate microcrystalline agglomerates under the polymerization conditions, driven by formation of μ‐OH bridges between metal centers. Coordinated water molecules are suggested to be the source of such bridging ligands. The formation of these/this heterogeneous species is a prerequisite for the stereocontrolled ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of BL, whereas both iso‐ and syndioselective enchainment occurs simultaneously. According to the analysis of the 13C NMR spectra of the polymers, the ratio of the corresponding triads depends on a number of parameters in a not yet understood manner. Besides dual stereoselectivity, the heterogeneous chromium(III) salphen species feature catalytic sites with different activities, which is reflected in the very broad molecular mass distribution of the produced PHB. Highly active catalytic sites cause the formation of polymer chains with a high molecular mass at the beginning of polymerization. The described behavior is not inherent to truly homogeneous chromium salphen complexes and is more in line with a bimetallic ROP mechanism proposed earlier, which requires a particular mutual spatial orientation of two salphen complexes for the efficient catalysis of BL polymerization.


My motives for choosing to write about the three volumes about Pippi Longstocking—Pippi Longstocking (1945), Pippi Goes on Board (1946) and Pippi in the South Seas (1948)—are very personal. I was seven when the first book appeared, and it was a revolutionary experience to me, and very likely to most of my generation. We were brought up in a strict, conventional way, so the meeting with this strong, self-reliant and kindhearted little superchild provided both relief and fresh courage. Pippi has been my constant companion. I have read about her for my younger sisters, for my own and other children, and am convinced that she still functions in the same manner. She has now been spread over the world in 52 languages. It seems that children's need for Pippi is universal. From about 1930 onwards a new conception of child care and education gained ground in Sweden. It arose from a growing interest in and knowledge of child psychology, fertilized not least by psychoanalytical theories about the origin of neuroses. Freud and his disciples, especially Alfred Adler, gave new impulses to the discussion about education. The Adlerian ideas concerning the inferiority complex, need for compensation and lust for power in children ran counter to the old way of bringing up children by threatening and punishing them, crushing their wills. It probably seldom occurred to the educators—parents as well as teachers—that flogging and other forms of chastisement would do more harm than good. The term "problem child" had not, as yet, been coined. The man who introduced this word into the Swedish vocabulary was the Scottish teacher, A. S. Neill, founder of Summerhill school in England. Neill, in his turn, had been inspired by Homer Lane, who had earlier founded a boarding school for young delinquents and problem children: The Little Commonwealth. Besides being Freudians, both Lane and Neill were influenced by Adler. Neill's book The Problem Child was published in Sweden in 1931, and Lane's posthumous Talks to Parents and Teachers in 1933. Neill, Adler, Bertrand Russell and many other progressive educators visited Sweden, gave interviews and lectures, and thus intensified the


Meeting the escalating demand for clean water resources is one of the key challenges to ensure a sustainable future. Catalysis plays an important role to advance the chemical reactions required for wastewater efficient remediation. How to exploit high‐performance catalysts to boost the pivotal reaction kinetics always attracts researchers' enthusiasm. Perovskite oxides as a novel class of functional materials can be tuned to confer compositional flexibilities and provide rich and unique structural properties. As the rising‐star material, it has been widely probed for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and membrane‐catalysis for energy conversion, but received less attention in water treatment. In this review, the advances of perovskite oxides for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in water remediation are comprehensively elaborated. A fundamental understanding of the crystal structures and properties of perovskite oxides as well as the basic principles of AOPs is firstly provided. Then, emphasis is placed on how to tune the perovskite oxides to suit various AOPs. The strategies to design novel perovskite oxides to enhance the catalytic activities in AOPs have been highlighted. It is expected that after reading this review, readers will have a clearer vision of the background, the state of the art development, and general guidelines for future directions regarding research in this area.


The objective of this thesis is to present this author's translation and commentary of the book, China and Taiwan-Cross-Strait Relations Under Chen Shui-bian. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces this author's research motivations and goals. The second chapter is the model of translation using Eugene Nida's "dynamic equivalence" theory which states that translation consists in reproducing the source language message from meaning to style by rendering the closest natural equivalent in the receptor's language. The fourth chapter illustrates the translation principles, translation model and explains the related techniques used in the translation process. The concluding chapter, the fifth chapter, summarizes previous chapters, accounts what the author learns from translating this book and gives suggestion on how to realize "dynamic equivalence." It is humbly hoped that the principles and methods used in this study could offer a case for all translators to think about the original purpose of translation and to understand that translation takes great efforts to master it so that translation quality could be further improved.


Aim: To make an integrative review to examine the scientific evidences relating to the identification of microorganisms commonly isolated in contaminated tissular lesions and the main products used on them. Method: This is an integrative review originating from the search with the descriptors Leg ulcer, infection, bacteria and Nursing, in the databases LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, Cochrane and SciELO, including articles published between 2003 and 2013. Results: A total of 14 articles were selected, of which seven were observational and the other seven were experimental studies. Discussion: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most prevalent microorganisms in the evaluated tissular lesions, followed by Enterobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter. The main products used were silver alginate, silver sulfadiazine, ultraviolet light and papain, which are effective in reducing the bacterial load of infected injuries. Conclusion: The early identification of the presence of microorganisms in lesions allows the decision in terms of the appropriate propaedeutics to be performed.


Abstract The purpose of this research is to compare the prevalence of dopamine receptor D2 polymorphisms in women with recurrent miscarriage (RM) and healthy patients. Fifty-four women were enrolled in this case–control study. We performed DNA extraction of peripheral blood, followed by polymerase chain reaction to confirm single-strand polymorphisms and to sequence two polymorphisms: polymorphism 1 (rs6275) and polymorphism 2 (rs6277) in exon 7 of the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2). The frequency of DRD2 polymorphism 2 (rs6277) was increased in the subjects with RM. An analysis of the DRD2 genotypes demonstrated an odds ratio of 2.37 (1.05–5.36, 95% confidence interval) for the polymorphism 2 (rs6277) in RM. The mean of the serum prolactin level was higher in the patients with RM (12.5 ng/ml) than in healthy women (8.1 ng/ml) p = 0.03. An excess homozygosity of the DRD2 polymorphism suggests a genetic predisposition to RMs, which could result in a mild serum prolactin increase. Thus, because of the potential role of prolactin in reproductive regulation, this polymorphism could play an important role in early pregnancy implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Chinese abstract 本研究的目的是比较复发性流产患者与健康女性多巴胺受体D2基因多态性的患病率。54名受试者参加了这项病例对照研究。我们从外周血提取DNA,然后通过聚合酶链反应证实单链多态性与序列多态性:多巴胺受体D2(DRD2)的外显子7中的多态性1(rs6275)和多态性2(rs6277)。DRD2多态性2(rs6277)的频率在复发性流产患者中增加。DRD2基因型的分析表明,多态性2(rs6277)在复发性流产患者中优势比为2.37(95%置信区间:1.05–5.36)。复发性流产患者(12.5 ng/ml)的血清泌乳素水平明显高于健康女性(8.1 ng/ml)(P = 0.03)。DRD2基因多态性的过量纯合子表明:复发性流产患者的遗传易感性能够导致血清泌乳素轻度升高。因此,由于泌乳素在生殖调控中的潜在作用,该多态性可能在早期妊娠着床和妊娠维持中发挥重要作用。


Study of the size effect of natural fiber from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as filler, onto the contact angle and surface free energy of fiber reinforced biocomposites has been done. The OPEFB fibers were prepared by mechanical milling and sieving to obtain various sizes of fiber (long-fiber, medium-fiber, short-fiber, and microparticle). The biocomposites has been produced by extrusion using single-screw extruder with EFB fiber as filler, recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) polymer as matrix, and primary antioxidant, acid scavanger, and coupling agent as additives. The obtained biocomposites in form of granular, were made into test piece by injection molding method. Contact angles of water, methanol, and hexane on the surface of biocomposites at room temperature were measured using Phoenix 300 Contact Angle Analyzer. The surface free energy (SFE) and their components were calculated using three previous known methods (Girifalco-Good-Fowkes-Young (GGFY), Owens-Wendt, and van Oss-Chaudhury-Good (vOCG)). The results showed that total SFE of Recycled ABS as control was about 24.38 mJ/m2, and SFE of biocomposites was lower than control, decreased with decreasing of EFB fiber size as biocomposites filler. The statistical analysis proved that there are no statistically significant differences in the value of the SFE calculated with the three different methods.


The effect of changing the incident translational energy on the exit translational energy, rotational state population distributions, and angular momentum alignment of monoenergetic, rotationally cold CO scattered from Ag(111) at normal incidence was measured. As the incident energy is raised, a dramatic increase in the fraction of energy transferred to the surface, a shift of the rotational rainbow to higher rotational energy, and a significant increase in the amount of angular momentum alignment in the scattered molecules were observed. In addition, the alignment versus J distribution exhibits positive curvature for CO at all incident energies. The results are consistent with (1) the effect of the surface phonons and/or physisorption well on the final energy of the scattered molecules being small except at the lowest incident energy; (2) the large ∂V/∂θ being the primary source of the greater rotational excitation seen for CO compared to N2 scattered from Ag(111); and (3) the corrugated attractive porti...


The invention provides an automatic sand machine for plate-type material. The automatic sand machine for plate-type material comprises a first rack and a second rack, the second rack is vertical to the rear end of the first rack, the first rack comprises a first transmission drum and the first sand edge devices arranged at two sides of the first transmission drum, one end of the first transmission drum is connected with a first transmission chain wheel, the first transmission chain wheel is connected with a first drive device through the first transmission chain; the second rack comprises a second transmission drum and the second sand edge devices arranged at two sides of the second transmission drum, one end of the second transmission drum is connected with a second transmission chain wheel, the second transmission chain wheel is connected with a second drive device through the second transmission chain. The automatic sand machine for plate-type material is simple in structure for realizing the automatic work, saving the manpower and further raising the production efficiency.


Objective
To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) with primary closure for management of choledocholithiasis in elder patients.

Methods
The clinical data of sixteen elder patients with choledocholithiasis who underwent primary closure of the common bile duct (without T-tube drainage) after LCBDE (group A) was compared with 20 non-elder patients who underwent the same procedure (group B). Both groups were evaluated with regard to operation time, hospital stay, and postoperative complications.

Results
The mean operation time was (116.31±11.31) minutes for group A and (106.80±10.58) minutes for group B; the hospital stay was (10.19±1.22) days for group A and (7.65±0.88) days for group B; both factors showed no significant difference. There were no bile leakage, abdominal bleeding, subphrenic infection and obstructive jaundice after operation in both groups. And there was no significant difference in incision infection, pulmonary infection and recurrence of stones in both groups.

Conculsion
It is safe and feasible for elder patients to have primary closure of the common bile duct without T-tube drainage after laparoscopic choledochotomy.

Key words:
Laparoscopy; Choledochotomy; Primary closure; Elder patients


This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of different spoke-type magnet motor-generators used in hybrid electric vehicles. Different techniques are investigated to increase the machines' maximum torque per ampere ratio and efficiency while reducing the torque ripple. The machines use embedded ferrite magnets and 48/8 stator winding topology. Designs with various magnet shapes with and without non-magnetic rotor support are investigated. Demagnetization analysis for the ferrite magnets at low temperatures is performed. Various ferrite materials are used, and different techniques are utilized to mitigate the irreversible demagnetization. Moreover, structural analysis is carried out for two different motor-generators at their maximum speeds.


A new controller created at the Department of Automated Electric Drives, Moscow Power Institute, for ac-drive control systems is described. Universal interfaces in this controller permit the rapid creation of effective and powerful vector control systems for asynchronous, inductor, and switched-reluctance drives.


This paper presents a CMOS low-dropout regulator (LDO) with a unique power supply rejection (PSR) boosting technique. A replica device is used to cancel the power supply noise at the output that is coupled through the main LDO parasitic. The proposed LDO employs a mid-ranged output decoupling capacitor of 50nF and a comparatively low-complexity circuitry to achieve the supply rejection target while maintaining fast load transients. The proposed LDO is designed and simulated in 0.18μm CMOS process; it features a -42.1 dB PSRR at 1 MHz and about -51.06 dB at 10 MHz while driving a maximum load of 50 mA. The LDO consumes a quiescent current of 62 μA with load regulation of 0.0154 mA/mV.


The recycling of mineral materials is a sustainable and economical approach for reducing solid waste and saving primary resources. However, their reuse may pose potential risks of groundwater contamination, which may result from the leaching of organic and inorganic substances into water that percolates the solid waste. In this study, column leaching tests were used to investigate the short- and long-term leaching behavior of "salts", "metals", and organic pollutants such as PAHs and herbicides from different grain size fractions of construction & demolition waste (CDW) and railway ballast (RB) after a novel treatment process. Specifically, silt, sand and gravel fractions obtained after a sequential crushing, sieving, and washing process ("wet-processing") of very heterogeneous input materials are compared with respect to residual contamination, potentially limiting their recycling. Concentrations in solid fractions and aqueous leachate were evaluated according to threshold values for groundwater protection to identify relevant substances and to classify materials obtained for recycling purposes according to limit values. For that, the upcoming German recycling degree was applied for the first time. Very good agreement was observed between short and extensive column tests, demonstrating that concentrations at L/S 2 ratios are suitable for quality control of recycling materials. Different solutes showed a characteristic leaching behavior such as the rapid decrease in "salts", e.g., SO42− and Cl−, from all solid fractions, and a slower decrease in metals and PAHs in the sand and silt fractions. Only the gravel fraction, however, showed concentrations of potential pollutants low enough for an unlimited re-use as recycling material in open technical applications. Sand fractions may only be re-used as recycling material in isolated or semi-isolated scenarios. Leaching from heterogeneous input materials proved harder to predict for all compounds. Overall, column leaching tests proved useful for (i) initial characterization of the mineral recycling materials, and (ii) continuous internal (factory control) and external quality control within the upcoming German recycling decree. Results from such studies may be used to optimize the treatment of mixed solid waste since they provide rapid insight in residual pollution of material fractions and their leaching behavior.


Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood and adolescence with an increasing incidence worldwide. It is an autoimmune disease with many autoimmune markers, where the zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A) is the most recent autoantibody discovered. The most important genetic susceptibility towards type 1 diabetes is found within the HLA-region on chromosome 6. We showed that all three ZnT8A are common among children and adolescents at type 1 diabetes diagnosis and that 3.4% of the children in Sweden displayed only ZnT8A at diagnosis. Only 7% of the Swedish children were autoantibody negative at diagnosis. Additionally, 0.3% of type 1 diabetes patients in Sweden had an isolated positivity for the islet cell cytoplasm autoantibodies (ICA). This is an autoantibody with an unspecified reaction pattern to most of the other antigens involved in autoantibody formation in type 1 diabetes. The fact that children can still be diagnosed with ICA as the only autoantibody suggests that another yet unidentified autoantigen or autoantigens may contribute to ICA and the search for additional autoantigens should continue. We propose that the glutamine variant of the ZnT8A (ZnT8QA) is not cost effective as a diagnostic marker, as it was found as a single islet autoantibody only in one patient among 3851 analyzed children. However, comparing young healthy children with multiple autoantibodies with normal and impaired glucose metabolism we found that significantly more children with impaired glucose metabolism were positive for ZnT8QA compared to children with normal glucose metabolism. Hence, the ZnT8QA analysis is important in screening of populations for type 1 diabetes risk and for secondary prevention studies. All variants of ZnT8A were positively associated with either HLA DQA1-B1*X-0604 (DQ6.4) or HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DQ8) but dominantly negative with HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2). The association between DQ 6.4 and all three ZnT8A may be related to ZnT8 antigen-presentation by the DQ6.4 heterodimer. (Less)


The serious ecological problem in areas of arrangement the hydrotechnical constructions is represented with organisms-foulers. In south regions of Russia dominant organisms-foulers are molluscs of genus Dreissena. Them clean off from surfaces of hydroconstructions then they mold on dumps, involving kinds-synanthrops and creating threat of biological pollution. The way of utilizing the mollusc biomass for reception the mixed fodders is offered.


Two kinds of biodegradable polymers(BDPs), PHBV/PLA and PHBV/Methyl Cellulose blends, were used as biofilm carrier and carbon source in batch and continuous packed-bed reactors for nitrogen removal. Results of batch test indicated that denitrification with PHBV/Methyl Cellulose blends had a shorter start-up period in comparison to that with PHBV/PLA, but there was no significant difference on the nitrogen removal efficiency after 24 hours and denitrification rates were found to be 0.10 and 0.12 mg N/(L·h·g) respectively. The NO3--N removal loads of 13.95 and 14.02 mg/(L·h) for PHBV/PLA and PHBV/Methyl Cellulose blends were achieved in the continuous packed-bed reactor while their removal efficiencies exceeded 90%。Further DOC analysis showed that PHBV/PLA had a better profile of controlled carbon release for desired denitrification. Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) images suggested that difference between internal structures of both blends affected nitrogen removal and controlled carbon release.


Present research was aimed at studying seed storage protein profi les of eleven released varieties / genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa) in Pakistan using SDS-PAGE analysis. Lower - medium level of genetic polymorphism (G.D. = 0 - 0.8) was estimated in the material. Six comparisons sh owed co mplete homozygosity (G.D. = 0%) for seed storage protein profile while one comparison (Basmathi - 385 - Local rice from Swat) s howed maximum gene tic di fference (G.D. = 80%). Re maining comparisons showed varying degree of genetic differences ranging from 20-70%.


In this paper we give an overview of the evolution of router architectures and show what techniques are used to build high performance routers which can route packets at several gigabit speeds. We start with an analysis of the jobs a router has to do and how traditional or low-performance routers are built to accomplish these tasks. Therefore we describe the traditional bus-based approach and show its limitations as well as the modern switch-based layouts. Our focus lies on a detailed survey of the latter variants. The survey consists of describing the benefits and drawbacks of using packet-switching technology and a presentation of different switch scheduling algorithms. Additionally, we show how the overall processing power of routers can be increased by employing specific optimisations through the use of intelligent hardware components or superior routing table data structures and lookup algorithms. We conclude with a case-study of the Cisco 12416 internet router and an evaluation of the latest efforts in router design.


The Cooper Ornithological Society is pleased to bestow the 2005 Loye and Alden Miller award on John A. Wiens in recognition of his contributions to science in the areas of community ecology, competition theory, and landscape ecology. Dr. Wiens's two-volume work on the The Ecology of Bird Communities1 challenged the use of competition to explain community patterns and processes, to the exclusion of alternative


The article presents the results of variational-scenario studies on the substantiation of the significance of modeling in the process of feasibility studies of the amount of financing for the maintenance, operation and reconstruction of a section of the highway, summarized and formulated the features and limitations in the use of the statistical apparatus in constructing long-term forecasts for the development of the region and studying the intensity traffic flow.


Abstract. Root water uptake is an important component of the terrestrial water balance and a critical factor that influences energy, water vapor, and carbon exchange among soil, vegetation and atmosphere interfaces. However, most of the current vegetation photosynthesis models do not account for root water uptake, which compromises their applications under water stressed conditions. To address this limitation, this study integrates photosynthesis and transfer of energy, mass and momentum in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum system, via a simplified 1D root growth model and a resistance scheme (from soil, through root zones and plants, to atmosphere). The coupled model was evaluated with field measurement of a maize canopy. The results indicated that the simulation of land surface fluxes was significantly improved due to considering the root water uptake, especially when vegetation is experiencing sever water stress. This finding highlights the importance of enhanced soil heat and moisture transfer, as well as dynamic root distribution, on simulating ecosystem functioning.


This article describes three cases of ICT-supported development in public-sector organisations representing different types of distance work, and covering a time span of around 15 years. The first case describes telemedicine in a hospital; the second is about the introduction of home-offices in the Norwegian Labour Inspectorate. The last case describes a system with distributed work in the Norwegian Public Road Administration Differences and similarities between the three cases are discussed, and we argue that the last case is qualitatively different from the others as distance work here emerged more as a necessary consequence of a comprehensive reorganisation, while distance work was of a more limited character in the first two cases. The cases also differ according to where the initiative came from; bottom-up initiatives were important in the first two cases, while the reorganisation in the Road Authorities was initiated from the top. The article further argues that the conditions for distance work have changed due to shifts in political paradigms, and that working from a distance has become "business as usual" in a number of organizations.


RAD23 proteins facilitate lesion recognition by XPC but then dissociate from the XPC complex and do not participate in the downstream DNA repair process.