Background. Deterioration of ecological state of water resources due to increasing content of inorganic and organic toxicants causes the development of scientific research in the direction of sorption materials synthesis, that have improved sorption capacity and selectivity. One of the promising methods for sorbents' synthesis is the modification of layered silicates, the use of which is restrained by difficulties in separation of latter from the liquid phase. Objective. The aim of the paper is a synthesis of nanocomposites, based on montmorillonite and sodium silicate, study of struc- ture formation features in such systems and sorption properties of the obtained granular materials in relation to heavy metals and organic dyes. Methods. Research of structure formation features in the initial systems by the methods of rheometry and X-ray phase analysis. Condition investigation for the nanocomposites synthesis. Relationship establishment between composition in the initial systems and sorption properties. Results. The structure formation features in the initial water–montmorillonite–silicate systems are studied, the effect of sodium silicate concentration on the rheological properties of the dispersions is established. The effect of the initial system composition on the porous structure of synthesized materials and their sorption properties to remove the cobalt (II) and methylene blue from aqueous solu- tions is shown. Conclusions. It was found that the limiting shear stress and plastic viscosity dependence of the montmorillonite–sodium silicate solution system has an extreme character (extremum at 0.1–1 % SiO 2 content), which is associated with the transition of coagulation contacts into crystallization contacts due to siloxane bonds formation. It has been experimentally confirmed, that an increase in the con- tent of montmorillonite in the obtained materials improves their sorption capacity (up to 450 μ mol/g) to the cobalt (II) and methylene blue removal.


Based on such principles of legal exchange as the principle of economic conciseness and the Skopos Theory of Hans Vermeer,this paper comments on the errors occurring in Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional National Autonomy,i.e.the negligence of special usage of model verbs,and use of Chinglish words and unnecessary modifiers,etc.Finally,the paper summarizes some typical problems in hope of avoiding similar mistakes in the domain of legal translation.


This scientific work aims to discuss the form of forest management, as well as the implications and their meaning in environmental education for millennial generation in the 4.0 era. As a form of qualitative study, research data were obtained through observation, literature studies, and in-depth interviews with 11 informants, namely observers of Balinese cultural tourism and traditional leaders of Tenganan Pegringsingan Village. The collected data were analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. The results of the study showed that the form of forest management in the Tenganan Pegringsingan Village strengthened by the implementation of local wisdom (awig-awig). The local Balinese community carries out these awig-awig. They do not damage the potential of forest flora and fauna, and utilize forest products in an adaptive manner. The application of local wisdom (awig-awig) in managing the Tenganan forests in an adaptive manner has direct implications in fostering behaviors that support environmental conservation efforts. Adaptive forest management has a meaning for environmental education for millennial generations. The involvement of millennial generation in efforts to preserve the environment needs to be continuously developed.


Background—The nature of some of the target genes for liver X receptors (LXRs)-&agr; and -&bgr;, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 and ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins, suggests a pivotal role of these nuclear receptors in the regulation of fatty acid and cholesterol homeostasis. The present study aimed to elucidate the physiological relevance of both LXRs with regard to lipid metabolism and macrophage cholesterol efflux. Methods and Results—Mice depleted for LXR&agr;, LXR&bgr;, or both were fed low-fat rodent chow for 18 months before investigations. The combined deficiency of LXR&agr; and LXR&bgr; was linked to impaired triglyceride metabolism, increased LDL and reduced HDL cholesterol levels, and cholesterol accumulation in macrophages (foam cells) of the spleen, lung, and arterial wall. Conclusions—Our data demonstrate the physiological importance of both LXRs in lipid metabolism and strongly indicate that both LXRs have a protective role against the development of atherosclerosis.


Shared cognitive representations have been shown in different conceptual domains. An experiment is presented here that extends this line of research to the domain of events. Specifically, this experiment shows a cultural consensus in the participants' event taxonomies, and suggests a shared event taxonomy based on semantic relations. Showing such a shared event representation is an important first step for learning about the role of events in cognitive processes such as memory and thought.


This paper set out to evaluate the trends and dynamics of basic education in Singapore. It explored the country's emphasis on refined learning system in primary and secondary schools, efficient human resources policies, and state-of-the-art tools. This study provided thorough explanations and content analysis of the trends and dynamics of basic education in Singapore with regards to: curriculum design, teaching methods, special needs and student achievement; pre-service teachers' training, teachers' professional development and teachers' effectiveness; as well as school leadership and community participation. Results indicated that Singapore's basic education has provided a roadmap for success in building competent life-long learners. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that policymakers, planners, and educators from developing countries can take inspiration from Singapore to better their own educational systems and stave off pertinent challenges


Paediatric MCQ Revision for MRCP and MRCPCH. By Jane Lucas and James Nicholson. (Pp 192; £13.99 paperback.) Butterworth Heinemann, 1997. ISBN 0-7506-3014-0. (Obtainable from: Customer Services Department, Heinemann Publishers Oxford, PO Box 382, Halley Court, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8RU.)

Success in all examinations is, to an extent, dependent upon technique. This is undoubtedly true for part I MRCPaeds, and will presumably …


Rh factor is a protein found on the outside of Rh-positive red blood cells. Rh incompatibility during pregnancy occurs when an Rh-negative mother is pregnant with an Rh-positive fetus. During delivery, the fetus' Rh-positive blood is introduced into the mother's body. The Rh-negative mother's body begins to produce antibodies that attack and kill Rh-positive blood cells. Since the crossover of blood normally occurs during delivery, an Rh-negative woman's first pregnancy is normally not affected. However, the woman's antibodies may attack a second Rh-positive fetus as those antibodies can cross into the bloodstream and destroy fetal Rh-positive blood cells. group antigens & antibodies as


The utility model relates to an internal component for a vehicle. A main component, a first component and a second component are connected with one another to form a laminated plate, and a first edge of a first periphery portion of the first component and a second edge of a second periphery portion of the second component are welded together along the parting line; a first portion and a second portion are defined in the direction of the periphery of the laminated plate and at the height position of the parting line in the thickness direction of the laminated plate, and are different; the radii of curvature of bending shapes, in the first portion, of the first periphery portion and the radii of curvature of the bending shapes, in the second portion, of the first periphery portion are different, and the radii of curvature of bending shapes, in the first portion, of the second periphery portion and the radii of curvature of the bending shapes, in the second portion, of the second periphery portion are different.


In late April 2014, a slow-moving cold front exiting the central plains produced a large area of showers and embedded thunderstorms across the southeastern United States. In the lower Mississippi Valley, a line of heavy thunderstorms initially developed the evening of 28 April 2014 with subsequent thunderstorm outbreaks for the next two evenings centered on residual thunderstorm outflow boundaries. This paper presents a case study to illustrate the importance of crowd sourcing rainfall observations and storm reports to establish an accurate historical context for extreme hydrologic events. For this April 2014 event, researchers collected additional reports of rainfall and flooding impacts from private data networks and social media to augment traditional National Weather Service data sources. As a result of this data collection, the multi-source analysis for the 3-d period from 29 April to 01 May showed areas near Pensacola, Florida, received at least 50.8 cm (20 in) of rainfall with a point maximum of 73.15 cm (28.8 in) near Lillian, Alabama. Researchers then computed an average recurrence interval for the multi-source storm total rainfall as a 1-in-500-yr event, although some point locations reached a 1-in-1000-yr event for shorter rainfall durations between 3 h and 24 h. The additional reports retrieved through crowd-sourcing to compile this multi-source analysis were essential to establish an accurate and precise accounting of rainfall magnitude and associated impacts. ABSTRACT (Manuscript received 16 September 2016; review completed 30 January 2017)


This work studies the problem of the exact controlability in the boundary of the equation utt + uxxxx = 0 in a domain with moving boundary.


Instruction plays a major role in the development of speaking skills for second language learners. Different approaches and methods have emerged throughout the history of language learning/teaching based on the influence of different theories of language, psychology, and related domains such as psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics and cultural studies. Two major trends in language teaching emerged under the influence of these mentioned language theories, namely, accuracy based versus fluency based approaches. This article gives a historical sketch up to these trends in an attempt to provide a historical background and to empirically bring evidence that wait time instruction and teaching experience can impact classroom feedback in Moroccan classes. Relevant questions related to the role of teachers' experience in leading different types of feedback, the effect of the number of teaching years as well as the correlation between wait time instruction and the corresponding teaching experience are closely investigated. This article adheres to a mixed design or what has been identified in research methodology as ex-post facto (Cohen, Manion, Morrison, 2007). Therefore, it is both a qualitative and a descriptive one. For the type of instructions used , the results obtained show the insignificance of the impact of experience on this variable. On the other hand, results retained that wait-time instruction in comparison to other items recorded a higher significance of the impact of experience. Therefore, current article brings empirical evidence on how wait-time instruction plays a crucial role in spoken activity for second language learners.


The goal of my baccalary work is evaluation of present position on furniture market with view to firm Kovonax and creating a proposal of marketing strategy and practical referencies for company consolidation. First chapter is talking about teoretical management resources and marketing strategy problematic, basic concepts and used methods. Next chapter talk about theoretical basic applied to analyzed company. First of all the company Kovonax is introduced, its development since establishment up to the present. Further on I talk about inner company situation, its mission and goals. In a third part, after understanding and analyze each aspects of a mikro and makro environment, branch analyze and branch analyze and also present company marketing mix, I have created SWOT analyze for company overall assessment. Upon these knowledges I have tried to design marketing strategy of this company. Last chapter contains findings of my baccalary work.


Bolts are widely used in rock mass engineering, wherein the bolt support improves the safety and stability of the rock mass. To reveal the mechanical behavior of the bolt and failure mechanism of the bolted joint in the shearing process, a direct shear test was conducted by changing the state of grouting, number of bolt, and inclination angle of the bolt. The change in the axial force of the anchor in the shearing process was evaluated by conducting a strain gauge test, and the mechanical behavior of the bolt under the external force was studied. The results showed that under the same normal stress, the yield displacement of the bolt decreased and the stiffness of the joint gradually increased with increased number of bolts. At the same number of bolts, their yield displacement increased with increased normal stress. Analysis further revealed that grouting on the joint improved the force condition of the bolt, increased the yield displacement of the bolt, and coordinated the deformation of the grouting body and bolt, thereby improving the shear strength of the joint. Lastly, when the anchor angles differed, the axial pulling resistance of the anchor changed, and the yield displacement of the anchor with 45° inclination was <90°. The yield displacement of the bolt showed that the supporting effect of the bolt with a 45° inclination was better than that of the bolt with a 90° inclination.


The behavior of the tubulin-colchicine complex was investigated by using an analytical ultracentrifugation technique. The partial specific volumes of the tubulin-colchicine complex in the state of GTP were 0.739 and 0.744 ml/g in imidazole and BES buffers, respectively. The values S 0 20.w were 5.82 and 6.06 S in an imidazole buffer in the presence of 0 and 2 mM MgCl2, respectively. In the BES buffer, however, very interesting results were obtained. The sedimentation coefficient S 0 20.w increased from 5.38 S with a calcium concentration of 0 μM to 5.75, 6.08 S with calcium concentration of 100 and 500 μM, respectively, in the absence of magnesium. This means that the protein molecule has a very flexible shape in the BES buffer and that the shape shrinks by the addition of calcium. The increase of either the calcium or the magnesium ion concentration induced the increase of the sedimentation coefficient. This result was in good agreement with the inducing effect of calcium on the polymerization of the tubulin-colchicine complex in the state of GDP. The sedimentation coefficient of the GDP state was higher than that of the GTP state.


PURPOSE: To improve a processing accuracy of a gate electrode without generating a gate birds beak when a thermal oxide film is formed as an interlayer insulating film on the electrode of a charge transfer element. CONSTITUTION: After a silicon oxide film 9 or a nondoped polysilicon is formed on a first gate electrode 4a formed on a first insulating film 3, a sidewall 9a is formed on its side face by anisotropically etching, and a second insulating film 6 is formed on a substrate 1 and the electrode 4a by thermally oxidizing. Since there is the sidewall 9a, oxidation of the electrode 4a in a side direction is suppressed, and no gate bird beak occurs. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


In this article, we study the equation @ @t u(x,t) = c 2 k B u(x,t) with the initial condition u(x,0) = f(x) for x 2 R + . The operator k is named the Bessel ultra-hyperbolic operator iterated k times and is defined by given generalized function and c is a positive constant. We obtain the solution of such equation which is related to the spectrum and the kernel which is so called the Bessel ultra-hyperbolic heat kernel. Moreover, such the Bessel ultra-hyperbolic heat kernel has interesting properties and also related to the kernel of an extension of the heat equation.


The massive use of renewable energy has driven the development of energy storage. Compressed CO2 energy storage technology is a promising technology. To gain a deeper understanding of the process of compressing carbon dioxide energy storage (CCES) technology, in order to support technological advances, this paper experimentally studied the performance of compressed CO2 energy storage system. The key parameters, such as the pressure of the storage tanks, the power consumption of the compressor, and the power of the expander were investigated.


Nitrifi cation is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate, via nitrite and it occupies a central position within the global nitrogen cycle. Nitrifying bacteria are the organisms capable of converting the most reduced form of nitrogen, ammonia, to the most oxidised form, nitrate, but their activity is infl uenced by pollution level. Starting with the assumption that pollution of small internal water courses in the Republic of Moldova remained severe (phenols, detergents and copper regularly exceed the MACs) the work presented in the paper discusses the evolution of ammonia ions nitrifi cation in the water of river Prut tributaries and its correlation with the content of pollutants in water: surface-active substances, Cu, BOD5, COD and other compounds.


Through the study of visual image characteristics of international and domestic forklift brands and visual image design working for several domestic forklift brands, make visual image improving strategies and suggestions for domestic forklift brands in order to strengthen the brand competitiveness of domestic forklift enterprises.


Lecture given in Bloomington for the Institute and Society for Advanced Study on September 21, 1990 and subsequently at Indiana University Southeast in New Albany on October 17, 1990 and at Indiana University East in Richmond on October 22, 1990. A videotaped interview with Lord Perry is available upon request to the librarians on the eight campuses of Indiana University or to the Institute office in Bloomington.


A grinding device is provided for machining and facing workpiecies made of resilient or semi-resilient materials. Said device comprises means (31) for holding the workpiece being processed after the machining operation to allow facing thereof. Machining can be improved by allowing limited drift of the workpiece, providing a flexible rotational drive, applying back pressure and using a recessed grinding wheel. This device can be used particularly for machining and facing drive rollers for office machines.


Renewable energy sources are getting more and more widespread, mainly due to the fact that they generate energy by keeping the environment clean. Most of these systems have an isolation transformer included, which if excluded from the system would increase the efficiency and decrease the size of PV installations, furthermore it would lead to a lower cost for the whole investment. But there are some safety issues regarding the missing galvanic isolation. This paper is aiming to analyze and compare the most common single-stage transformerless PV inverter topologies for single-phase and three-phase with respect to the leakage current generation. The best results, both for single-phase and three-phase systems, are obtained when the middle point of the input capacitors is connected to the neutral point, thereby minimizing the voltage fluctuations present at the terminals of the PV panel.


to order, a major exercise of potentially unconstitutional power. At the same time it is usually also a simple attempt by workers to improve or safeguard standards of living that, even if the attempt succeeds, remain modest. Some may well wish to quarrel with the author's assumption that these attitudinal factors constitute virtually an ultimate level of explanation of social phenomena, but the usefulness of the approach is well established here. Phelps Brown engages, for example, in frequent and fruitful clashes with conventional wisdom. Workers, as he sees them, experience the market as a source of constraint and menacing insecurity: "Working life has been made tolerable in practice only because there have been few labour markets in which competition has been really free" (p. 30). The market threatens the capacity of individual workers to keep control over their lives. Workers' recourse to combination is therefore an assertion of, not a challenge to, individualism. For all that, Phelps Brown believes that the absence of legal regulation of industrial relations has rendered a normless and undisciplined trade-union power a political and economic problem, working against its own best interests as well as those of the country. The book's most important contribution is its demonstration that possibilities for various kinds of order have at times been available: detailed legal establishment and regulation of union rights, as in the United States; strong, centralized organizations of both capital and labor, as in Sweden; compulsory arbitration, as in Australia. All these choices, and others, were possible for Britain at certain moments; but for reasons entirely explicable at the time, they were all rejected by government, employers, unions, or by all of them. As usual, Phelps Brown is particularly good at reshaping for us the logic of choice that confronted various social actors given the particular historical context and moment at which they made these choices; he manages a fine blending of the economist's and the historian's arts. If such an account is to appeal to the various participants in a particular system of industrial relations, the merits of the alternative models that might have been chosen have to be demonstrated. One can see how that might well be done for Australia, Sweden, possibly Canada. But it would be difficult to demonstrate to an activist in a British trade union that has attained a reasonable level of recognition that the American model holds much for it beyond presenting employers with a maze of opportunities for destroying it. More fundamentally, Phelps Brown's account sharpens a familiar dilemma in studies of political choices. Quite rightly he stresses the importance of the historical development, not just of industrial relations per se, but of the society as a whole, in determining the relative attractions of different options. This effectively disposes of those who commend to a particular society the naive emulation of others; if the historical context has developed differently, the chances of effective imitation are small. But how, then, can people in one society learn-in a manner that leads to emulation-from the experience of another? And what are the kinds of fundamental shifts in an historical experience that lead people in a particular society to start pursuing options very different from those they followed in the past? On the strength of Phelps Brown's analysis one might expect at least parts of the British labor movement to consider that such a moment might well have come, though so far there are few signs of this.


The conditions reviewed for degeneration in an electron bunch treated as a Fermi gas. Some comparison made for photoinjectors and storage rings. In some cases quantum limitations are very close.


Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks are largely used for file-sharing and hence must provide efficient mechanisms for searching the files stored at various nodes. The existing structuredP2P overlays support only "exact-match" look-up which is hardly sufficient in a file sharing network. This paper addresses the problem of keyword-based search in structured P2P networks. We propose a new keyword-based searching algorithm which can be implemented on top of any structured P2P overlay. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves very good searching results as it requires the minimum number of messages to be sent in order to find all the references to files containing at least the given set of keywords.


The cardinal aim of this research work is to understand how students make use of library resources and services in Federal University Library Lafia. The research design adopted for this study was a survey research. The sample size is five percent (5%) out of the total population of 3927 which is 196. The instruments used for data collection was questionnaires. The data gathered from the questionnaires was analysed and discussed using tables and percentages. The findings revealed that most of the students in Federal University Library Lafia make use of library. It was revealed that majority of the students recognized the presence of reference resources, text books, journals, newspapers and project in Federal University Library. It was also discovered that i Federal University Library has the problems of little resources in their courses of study, Users are not educated on how to use the library and the library has no guide to direct users to appropriate sections of the library. .It can be concluded that Federal University Library have available library resources and services, but were not fully utilized, the study finally recommends that the library management should endeavor to enhance their services through lending and online resources and services. Students should be sensitized on the importance and type of materials in the library during library orientation and how they can use the materials for assignment and research work.


Real-time plasma controller for SF6/O2/Ar etching process plasma was developed to reduce first wafer effect caused by cleaning of plasma facing components. After the cleaning of the reactor, the etch rate of silicon decreased 12 % from the etch rate of normal state and increased with repeating etching processes. To reduce the first wafer effect, real-time feedback controller for fluorine density was developed. The controller adjusted O2 gas flow rate to keep monitored fluorine density constant. With the controller, the etch rate of silicon after the cleaning was kept within 1 % variation.


We investigate the formations and evolutions of two successive solar tornadoes in/near AR 12297 during 2015 March 19–20. Recurrent EUV jets close to two filaments were detected along a large-scale coronal loop prior to the appearances of the tornadoes. Under the disturbances from the activities, the filaments continually ascended and finally interacted with the loops tracked by the jets. Subsequently, the structures of the filaments and the loop were merged together, probably via magnetic reconnections, and formed tornado-like structures with a long spiral arm. Our observations suggest that solar tornadoes can be triggered by the interaction between filaments and nearby coronal jets, which has rarely been reported before. At the earlier development phase of the first tornado, about 30 small-scale sub-jets appeared in the tornado's arm, accompanied by local EUV brightenings. They have an ejection direction approximately vertical to the axis of the arm and a typical maximum speed of ∼280 km s−1. During the ruinations of the two tornadoes, fast plasma outflows from the strong EUV brightenings inside tornadoes are observed, in company with the untangling or unwinding of the highly twisted tornado structures. These observational features indicate that self reconnections probably occurred between the tangled magnetic fields of the tornadoes and resulted in the rapid disintegrations and disappearances of the tornadoes. According to the reconnection theory, we also derive the field strength of the tornado core to be ∼8 G.


AIM: To evaluate the intrapulmonary expression of ICAM 1 mRNA and its relationship with acute lung injury in acute severe pancreastitis (ASP). METHODS: Rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 h after inducing ASP model and lung tissues were obtained for pathological study, microvascular permeability, dry/wet ratio and MPO examination. Gene expression of ICAM 1 in lung tissue was detected by RT PCR. RESULTS: After inducing ASP model, gene expression of ICAM 1 in the lung rose gradually after 1 h and reached the peak at 9 h ( P 0.05), accompanied with gradual increase of microvascular permeability, dry/wet ratio and MPO activity. CONCLUSION: Severity of lung injury can be predicted by the overexpression of ICAM 1 gene in ASP rats.


Epigenetic information can be heritable, but also respond to key environmental variables in situ, endowing individuals with an additional capacity to adapt to environmental changes. Thus, it is likely that in sesile organisms such as plants, part of the spatial epigenetic variation found across individuals will reflect the environmental heterogeneity of populations. Analysing the departure of the spatial epigenetic structure from the baseline genetic variation can help in understanding the value of epigenetic regulation in species with different breath of optimal environmental conditions. We performed a multispecies study that considered seven pairs of congeneric plant species, each encompassing a narrow endemic with habitat specialization and a widespread species. In three populations per species we used AFLP and methylation-sensitive AFLP markers to characterise the spatial genetic and epigenetic structures. In contrast to widespread species, narrow endemics showed a significant and generalised lower epigenetic than genetic differentiation across species. Within most populations of narrow species, epigenetic variation was less spatially structured than the genetic variation. This pattern resulted from a lack of correlation between epigenetic and genetic information in populations of narrow endemics. We argue that the differences found between narrow endemics and widespread congeners reflect contrasting breaths of environmental requirements. We pose the hypothesis that in species with a narrow niche breath, epigenetic variation may be more similar across populations and among individuals within a population given the expected higher similarity in environmental requirements.


This paper is dedicated to the problems of innovation economy and considers the topic from three points of view: science, state regulation, and innovation business. The author discusses theoretical aspects of the economic role played by innovations and problems of putting them to work, as well as economic policy issues. A number of government policies and the discussion of economic efficiency of development institutions are included in the analysis. The article also considers the innovation business from its origins.


This work reports an interferometric-based optical microfiber sensor immobilized with nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (CDs) for the detection of ferric ions (Fe3+). As compared to other carbon dots-based ferric ion sensor, the sensing mechanism of this presented sensor is dependent on the refractive index modulations due to selective Fe3+ adsorption onto the CDs binding sites at the tapered region. This is the first study at which CDs-based sensing was performed at solid phase as a chelator which does not rely on its fluorescent properties. The detection performance of the proposed sensor is not only comparable to conventional fluorescence-based carbon dots nanoprobe sensor but also capable of delivering quantitative analysis results and ease of translation to a sensor device for on-site detection. The presented sensor exhibits Fe3+ detection sensitivity of 0.0061 nm / (g/L) in the linear detection range between 0 to 300 g/L and a detection limit of 0.77 g/L based on Langmuir isotherm model. Lastly, the potential use of the CDs-immobilized optical microfiber sensor in real environmental and biological Fe3+ monitoring applications has also been validated in this work.


Entity Resolution (ER) identifies records from different data sources that refer to the same real-world entity. Conventional ER approaches usually employ a structure matching mechanism, where attributes are aligned, compared and aggregated for ER decision. The structure matching approaches, unfortunately, often suffer from heterogeneous and dirty ER problems. That is, entities from different data sources are described using different schemas, and attribute values may be misplaced, missing, or noisy. In this paper, we propose a deep sequence-to-sequence entity matching model, denoted Seq2SeqMatcher, which can effectively solve the heterogeneous and dirty problems by modeling ER as a token-level sequence-to-sequence matching task. Specifically, we propose an align-compare-aggregate neural network for Seq2Seq entity matching, which can learn the representations of tokens, capture the semantic relevance between tokens, and aggregate matching evidence for accurate ER decisions in an end-to-end manner. Experimental results show that, by comparing entity records in token level and learning all components in an end-to-end manner, our Seq2Seq entity matching model can achieve remarkable performance improvements on 9 standard entity resolution benchmarks.


Abstract The question of the banking system's stability in connection to trust since the 2008 crisis has been the subject of many debates seeking to find permanent solutions to banking system problems, as the current situation affects bank customers' behavior. This article examined trust in banks during the financial crisis and offers, via demographic variables, explanations as tow whether or not customers tend to withdraw their deposits during a crisis. The results contribute to banks' decision-making regarding deposits management and understanding customers' behavior, especially during a crisis. The results show a negative relationship between trust and deposit withdrawal intention, where gender and education level play an important role.


Objective: To describe the main advantages and limitations of using intraosseous access in urgencies and emergencies. Methods: This is an integrative review, which used articles available in the Virtual Health Library, specifically in the databases of Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences and MEDLINE, and in the Scientific Electronic Library Online, in the period of august 2016 to october 2016. Results: 292 articles were found, and 31 of them were initially selected. After the exclusion criteria, 9 articles were obtained as a final sample, grouped according to the author, year of publication, title, objective, type of study and results. Conclusion: It was clear that this is a simple learning technique and its complications are insignificant. It has been shown to be used safely in different puncture sites, both in adults and children. Therefore, it is hoped that this study may prompt further research on the subject. DESCRIPTORS: Emergencies; Emergency nursing; Intraosseous infusions; Methods.


Abstract The purpose of the study was to develop a battery of tennis skills tests in a manner that would serve as a model for test construction. A series of 12 procedures was outlined and followed in the construction of forehand drive, backhand drive, and service tests of accuracy in placement for novice tennis players, referred to as the TTA (Tennis Tests of Achievement). The planning and formulation of the TTA were based on: (a) knowledge of tennis authorities including recommended drive and service teaching progressions and methods of practice; (b) strengths and deficiencies in existing tennis skills tests; and (c) results of pilot procedures relating to the nature of the tests. A circular target was created to provide an objective method of measuring accuracy in drive and service placement. Male volunteers (N = 64) at the beginning level of tennis ability participated in an appraisal of the tests. Reliability coefficients, ascertained by the test-retest method, were .80 for the service test, .67 for f...


To ensure electrionic equipment work, it is necessary to consider EMC. this paper introduces the reason of interference and how to prevent it.


Pangasianodon hypophthalmus is a commercially important freshwater fish used in inland aquaculture in
the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The current study using Ion Torrent technology generated EST resources from
the kidney for Tra catfish reared at a salinity level of 9 ppt. We obtained 2,623,929 reads after trimming and
processing with an average length of 104 bp. De novo assemblies were generated using CLC Genomic
Workbench, Trinity and Velvet/Oases with the best overall contig performance resulting from the CLC
assembly. De novo assembly using CLC yielded 29,940 contigs, and allowing identification of 5,710 putative
genes when comppared with NCBI non-redundant database. A large number of single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) were also detected. The sequence collection generated in our study represents the
most comprehensive transcriptomic resource for P. hypophthalmus available to date.


Summary Yields from lucerne cultivars grown on land infested with Verticillium albo-atrum, a cause of wilt disease, were studied over the period 1969–77. Field experiments established in 1969, 1971, 1972 and 1973 were maintained for periods of 4–6 years. Reactions by cvs Europe and Vertus were of principal interest. Europe is considered to be moderately susceptible, initially producing yields exceeding those of resistant types on uninfested land. In comparison cv. Vertus has considerable resistance derived from a polygenic system. In the first 2 cropping years on infested land, Europe yielded similarly to Vertus with only slight symptom expression. In year 3, Europe maintained comparable yields to Vertus but with increasing disease expression. During succeeding years Europe was badly affected by discase and yields were below those achieved by Vertus. Data from other cultivars indicated a positive correlation between symptoms in years 4 and 5, a negative correlation between dry-matter yield in year 5 and symptom severity in year 4, and a negative correlation between symptom severity and yield in year 5. Symptom expression and pathogen build-up appear to occur at similar rates in the latter years of a lucerne crop. Disease development in one season has a considerable effect on future productivity. These findings are discussed in terms of the primary (extra-vascular) and secondary (intra-vascular) determinants of resistance to wilt pathogens. It is suggested that the apparent moderate susceptibility of cv. Europe in seasons two and three relates to a rapid growth rate.


In this paper, we propose a discrete-time Nash equilibrium-seeking reinforcement learning algorithm for n-player finite games which can be adapted to leverage side information when it is available. Under standard assumptions used in stochastic approximation theory, the induced strategies of the discrete-time process converge to a perturbed Nash equilibrium for a class of games characterized by negative monotonicity properties of its utility, which encompasses 2-player zero-sum games and concave potential games. Our convergence results are still valid when no side information is exploited. Through numerical simulations of certain representative games, we show that a faster rate of convergence to a Nash equilibrium can be achieved when more side information is available and exploited.


the publication of the last major survey of the field, volumes 12 and 13 of the Cambridge History of China, more than a decade ago'. One must point out here that such an exercise on the part of the researchers specialising in the transitional phase of Chinese history from the late Qing dynasty to the republic was long overdue. This is so because several new facts and directions have emerged in mainland China as a result of fresh researches into their


to find out the stress response and wound healing of surgical incisions, we analyzed the change of stress hormone and the healing process in far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus . the survival rate of the clove oil (1,000 ppm) anesthesia group after surgery was about 90% in 3 ~ 42 days, while no anesthesia group showed about 74%. thus, the survival rate after anesthesia group was higher than that of the no anesthesia group. the plasma cortisol concentration of the clove oil anesthesia group was higher than that of the no anesthesia group ( P < 0.05). In addition, the plasma glucose concentration of clove oil anesthesia group was higher than that of the no anesthesia group ( P < 0.05). the plasma lactic acid concentration of clove oil anesthetized group was higher than that of the not anesthetized group ( P < 0.05). on the 14 days and 28 days after surgery, there were still stitching fiber of suture and swimming behavior was not active. on the 35 days after surgery, trace of the suture has almost disappeared on the outside of the fish. Finally, 42 days after surgery, stitching fiber was not visible, and the sutured wounds were distinctly recovered. the results of this study showed that the anesthesia group showed higher survival rate and received less postoperative stress than that of the no anesthesia group. Surgical wound healing in the catfish of this study was shown to be successful when using anesthetics.


ABSTRACT This paper aims to contribute to the growing Foreign Policy Analysis literature by focusing on the role of non-state actors in foreign policy implementation. Special attention is paid to the case of Turkey, which has emerged as a 'humanitarian state' in the last decade. In Turkey, relatively new Islamically oriented humanitarian NGOs (HNGOs) have been providing ever-increasing amounts of humanitarian aid throughout the former Ottoman lands including the Middle East and Africa. Employing a constructivist-realist perspective, this paper asserts that a 'parallelism,' if not a complementarity, exists between Turkey's Islamically oriented HNGO discourse and practice and AKP foreign policy implementation process. Based on primary qualitative data acquired from interviews, this study has identified various degrees of parallelism between the two, calling into question the status of these HNGOs as purportedly non-governmental entities.


In the present work, the use of a recirculation bubble is proposed to achieve full premixing, ignition and stabilized combustion in supersonic flows. A first description of the flowfield obtained when combustion occurs is given


Introduction Scrutiny over faculty allocations of time and subsequent outcomes is frequent in postsecondary education, especially at state research universities (those that receive appropriations from the state). Particularly during economic downturns, college officials and legislators must make difficult choices in fund allocation. For this reason, faculty workload and productivity continue to be highly debated issues, both within higher education institutions and legislative circles. The focus on research is particularly strong at research universities, but it is also growing in emphasis at other four-year colleges. Toma (2008) cautions that officials at some institutions may see an increased emphasis on research productivity as a way to increase rankings or other indicators of prestige. Because of the continued or increasing emphasis on both research production and institutional policies that encourage faculty research, a greater understanding of research productivity is important for academic planners today. Because faculty productivity is a complex mix of individual and environmental characteristics, the study described in this article includes a broad set of contributor individual and institutional variables and also examines interactions among some of the variables. To date, only a few empirical studies have examined the contributors to faculty research productivity using the most recent national set of data available on postsecondary faculty in the United States, the 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:04). The study described herein is significant because it accounts for the nested nature of the data using a hierarchical generalized linear model and examines six separate factors of research productivity. Using the generalized model allows us to address the non-normal distribution of count data, which then enables us to examine the contribution of individual characteristics nested within the context of institutional characteristics. Thus, this examination enables us to expand our understanding of the factors that contribute to faculty research productivity in four-year colleges and universities and consider the implications for academic planning and practice. Purpose of this Study Although some previous attention has been given to faculty productivity, we do not yet have a complete understanding of the differences that exist across discipline and institutional type for faculty today. Data available from NSOPF:04 allow us to extend our understanding of six different measures of faculty productivity that vary in emphasis across discipline based on a nationally representative sample of college faculty. Specifically, the following four questions are addressed in this study: 1. What individual factors contribute to research productivity; namely, how do rank, gender, race, marital status, having children, percentage of time spent on research, and credit hours generated from teaching contribute? 2. Are there interactions between gender, marital status, dependent children, and discipline? 3. What institutional factors influence research productivity; namely, does the proportion of time allocated to teaching versus research influence productivity? and 4. Do these differences occur by discipline and type of institution? Method The data used for this study include over 9,300 records from the NSOPF:04 database. Non-tenure-track and part-time faculty are excluded, and the weighting procedure available in the data set for all faculty is used. The weighted sample represents over 300,000 faculty members in nearly 1,200 four-year colleges and universities. Institutions are grouped into three categories: doctoral-extensive; doctoral-intensive; and bachelor's and master's (grouped in one category). Data elements for ratio of FTE students to faculty, public/private status, research expenditures, and total expenditures are obtained from the NSOPF:04 Institutional Questionnaire. …


The effect of large nearby buildings on the wind loading of low buildings has not been examined in the past. Wind loads for low buildings specified by current standards and Codes of Practice originate from wind tunnel studies on isolated buildings and give no guide for the assessment of loads under conditions of buffeting. The current paper presents the results of an experimental study carried out in a boundary layer wind tunnel in order to determine the wind loads on low buildings of different geometries (eave height and roof slope) in the presence of a tall nearby building at various relative locations. Results show significant adverse effects (wind load amplifications higher than 200%) for particular building proximity configurations. The complexity of the problem, however, indicates that it is very difficult to treat these buffeting effects with any degree of generality. Alternatively, it is suggested that local building officials should require the use of higher design loads after seeking a specialis...


ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Episiotomy is a surgical incision made on the perineum to widen the vaginal opening for delivery. Although rate of episiotomy decreased, it is still one of the most commonly performed procedures in obstetrics (1). OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and identify risk factors associated with the practice of episiotomy at (Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College) SPHMMC. METHODOLOGY: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1/2016 to July 1/2016. All mothers who gave birth vaginally were included in the study. Data was entered in to epi info version 7 and exported into SSPS statistical package version 16 and analyzed. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis were used to see the association of the dependent and independent variables with p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULT: A total of 405 participants were included in the study. The prevalence of episiotomy was 65.4%. Both Bivariate & Multivariate analysis showed that nulliparity, duration of second stage of labor more than 90-minute, instrumental delivery, assisted breech delivery & birth weigh more than 4,000 gm were strongly associated with episiotomy (p- value < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The prevalence of episiotomy (65.4%) at SPHMMC is higher than the findings in other studies in Ethiopia & the WHO's recommendation of 5- 10%. Nulliparity, duration of second stage of labour more than 90 minutes, instrumental & breech vaginal deliveries and birth weight of more than 4000 gm were independent risk factors for episiotomy. KEYWORDS: Episiotomy, prevalence, risk factors


Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common arrhythmia in end stage renal disease patients. Although, the need of anticoagulation to prevent stroke and thromboembolism is increasing, the efficacy of anticoagulation is not proven in most of study. We retrospectively analyzed the risk and benefit of anticoagulation in dialysis patients with AF.

 By using medical record, we retrospectively analyzed all data of 99 patients who received dialysis therapy and diagnosed AF.

 Among 99 patients who diagnosed AF with dialysis 36 patients received anticoagulation (17 coumadin, 19 apixaban 2.5mg bid), 63 patients received no anticoagulation. There was no significant difference of baseline characteristics between anticoagulation, and no anticoagulation patients. Although no anticoagulation group experienced more all-cause (39.7% vs 32.4%, p=0.572) and cardiovascular mortality (17.6% vs 10.8%, p=0.197) than anticoagulation group it was not statistically significant. Compared to apixaban 2.5mg bid patients, coumadin anticoagulation patients experienced more frequent mfig
 ajor adverse cardiovascular events (35.3% vs 15.8%, p=0.109) but it was not statistically significant in multi variate Cox regression analysis (Hazard ratio 1.143, 95% Confidence Interval 0.503-2.597).

 Apixaban 2.5mg bid was not inferior than coumadin considering risk and benefit of anticoagulation in dialysis patients.


Effects of gamma radiation dosages between 5 and 100 krad on all stages of the sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), and the merchant grain beetle, O. mercator (Fauvel), were studied. Results with the 2 species were similar, although the merchant grain beetle appeared the more sensitive. Adult development from treated eggs and larvae was prevented by 10 krad. Some adults emerged from pupae at all treatment levels, but no reproduction occurred at 10 krad or above. Adult sawtoothed grain beetle females were more sensitive to the sterilizing effects of gamma radiation than were males, but sterility of both species was complete at dosages of 20 krad and above. Control of these 2 species appears feasible with radiation levels currently approved for treatment of stored-grain insects.


INTRODUCTION: Proton MRI of the human lung is challenging due to low proton density, short T2, respiratory and cardiac motion. Single-shot turbo spin-echo (ssTSE) sequences can be used to mitigate the effects of T2 decay and T1 saturation and to achieve short acquisition times. This provides good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the lungs and motion artifacts suppression. However, preparation schemes that induce phase shifts of the transverse magnetization, such as diffusion and T2 preparation, can result in the violation of the CPMG conditions and generate severe artifacts [1]. Here the application of a non-CPMG ssTSE sequence [2] to diffusionweighted (DW) and T2-weighted imaging of the human lung is presented. It is shown that this approach allows for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 mapping of the human lung in a single 10s breath-hold. METHODS: The non-CPMG ssTSE pulse sequence described in [2] was implemented on a 1.5T MR-scanner (Avanto, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). The sequence is based on a quadratic modulation of the phase cycle of the refocusing pulse train. This provides a stable signal amplitude along the echo train for both the inphase and out-of-phase components. Due to phase sign oscillation, two images need to be separately acquired from odd and even echoes and combined. Centric reordering was adopted to maximize the SNR. GRAPPA reconstruction [3], with acceleration factor 2, was used to reduce blurring due to T2 decay and specific absorption rate (SAR). The sequence was played with: a) diffusion sensitive preparation [4], based on the standard Stejskal-Tanner configuration, and b) T2 preparation, using an asymmetric spin echo scheme [5]. This was obtained by increasing the time between the excitation pulse and the first refocusing pulse by ΔTE. In vivo experiments were performed on a healthy volunteer using a six-channel phased-array body matrix in combination with a spine matrix. Imaging parameters: TR=6000ms, FOV=500x500mm, matrix size=128×128, voxel size=3.9×3.9mm, receive bandwidth=800Hz/pixel, inter-echo time=3.55ms, TA=480ms. For each kind of contrast (diffusion and T2) a breath-hold of less than 10s was sufficient to acquire two images, using: a) b=0-200s/mm for diffusion-weighting (with TE=45ms), and b) ΔTE=0-1ms for T2-weighting (with TE=16.5-17.5ms). ECG triggering in the diastolic phase was used to minimize the effect of blood pulsation on the signal refocusing. A separate breath-hold was necessary to acquire the calibration scan for GRAPPA reconstruction, using a standard gradient echo (GRE) sequence.


Dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs) and dynamic antenna arrays (DAAs) are emerging concepts in low-profile antenna design, providing alternative structures with lower circuit complexity and power requirements for radar and communication systems. However, dynamic antennas are prone to significant grating lobe and beam fixation problems due to their discrete amplitude and phase control. The reasons behind these issues are explored through mathematical and simulation analysis of three specific cases, and solutions are subsequently proposed and partially experimentally verified.


The microstructure of SOFC electrodes is known to influence its performance across all regimes of operation. In recent years, the development and proliferation of high‐resolution tomography techniques has revolutionised our understanding of the relationship between SOFC electrode performance and microstructure. Furthermore, by combination with relevant modelling tools, great insight into the microscopic phenomena occurring within SOFC electrode has been gained. Here we review the current state‐of‐the‐art in focused ion beam and X‐ray nano‐CT techniques and their application to characterise SOFCs.


The sliding mode control method for a nonlinear system which can be decoupled by state variable feedback is developed. Based on variable structure system (VSS) theory and Lyapunov method, a discontinous control law is derived. This design approach is applied to synthesize a flight control system for asymptotically decoupled control of bank angle, pitch angle and sideslip angle in nonlinear maneuver of aircraft.


The invention relates to a process for forming a spatial chip arrangement with a plurality of chips (32, 36, 37, 38, 39) connected by electrical means to each other and arranged in different planes. The chips are connected via the peripheral connection surfaces (33) thereof to associated strip conductors (23) of a strip conductor structure (24, 25) arranged on at least one carrier substrate (21, 22) in that the chips are either arranged transversely to the longitudinal extension of the carrier substrate or parallel to the longitudinal extension of the flexible carrier substrate. The invention also relates to a spatial chip arrangement formed by said process.


The "Rule of Law" is a venerable concept, but, on closer inspection, it is a complex admixture ofpositive assumptions, inchoate political and legal theory, and occasionally wishful thinking. Although enormous investments have been made in rule of law reformism throughout the world, advocates of transplanting American-style legal and political institutions to developed and developing countries are often unclear about what they are transplanting and why they are doing so. The concept of rule of law has become unplugged from theories of law. Scholars clearly have more work to do in understanding the rule of law and designing institutions to realize the objectives for which this grand project is intended. In this Article, we revisit the concept of the rule of law in order to unpack the theoretical and operational assumptions underlying scholarship and reform efforts. We do so from the perspective of legal and positive political theory, and we interrogate various institutional devices (such as constitutionalism and the independent judiciary) in order to shed light on how the construct of the rule of law is being put into service on behalf of crossnational reform initiatives. The Authors would like to thank participants in a conference on "Defining the Rule of Law" held March 2009 at USC-Caltech Center for the Study of Law & Politics, at which an earlier version of this Article was presented. In particular, Andrei Marmor, Roger Noll, and Joseph Raz contributed helpful comments at the conference. Thanks, as well, to Daniel Enemark and Vladimir Kogan for many helpful comments and research assistance. Special thanks to Professor Jeffrey Staton for his accompanying essay and valuable contribution to this ongoing dialogue. * Minerva House Drysdale Regents Chair in Law, University of Texas School of Law; Research Fellow, James Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University. ** Provost, Professor of Business, Law, and Political Economy, University of Southern California; CoDirector, USC-Caltech Center for the Study of Law & Politics. *** Ward C. Kreps Professor, Stanford University, Department of Political Science; Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University.


The XCoLab is an open-source, domain-independent solution crowdsourcing web platform created by the Center for Collective Intelligence at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Its main application is the Climate CoLab, where it is used to search for solutions to climate change. The aim of this project is to evolve the platform from a single-server architecture to a container-based microservices architecture. This will allow any implementation of the XCoLab to benefit from the advantages of this architectural approach. First of all, microservices will be able to scale horizontally and individually with only a few configuration changes, by spawning new instances of the corresponding container. Aside from this, future software developments of the platform will be sped up through the enablement of a continuous integration development environment, avoiding any "it works on my machine" issues and reducing the time spent in regression tests. Finally, the implementation of new instances of the platform will be simplified and made independent from the infrastructure, making it easier for new users to test and deploy it. To comply with the defined goals, several steps must be taken. First of all, it is necessary to make a reasonable choice of technologies, by analyzing different alternatives. After that, each of the 13 services that make up the platform have to be decoupled from each other, containerized, and have their functionality tested. Then, continuous integration tools must be configured to automate building, testing and publishing steps for the container images. Finally, work has to be done to allow for the deployment of the full container set to be as simple as possible.


Paper presents possibilities of biological components usage in aircraft fuels for piston and turbine engines, considering serious developments in that matter from the USA, Brazil and Germany. In his work, paper's author refers to Institute of Aviation contacts with leading world biofuels research centers, as Baylor University Renewable Aviation Fuels Development Center in Texas, USA, European Union coordinating action of 6th Scientific Program Aeronet III, and latest developments of Embraer Company. Paper suggests necessity of starting biofuels implementation program for Polish aviation. It seems, that Poland, potentially one of the largest biofuel producers in Europe, for economic, ecologic and technical reasons should undertake this strategic challenge, more about it in the article. INTRODUCTION


The invention relates to a method and devices for cleaning the surfaces of applicator rollers (12), photoconductor drums, transfer belts and photoconductor belts using magnetic roller systems (14, 16). The invention also relates to methods and systems for cleaning magnetic rollers (24, 44) to whose surfaces toner particles adhere. In a first embodiment, a squeegee (82) is disposed at a distance to the surface of the roller (24, 44). In another embodiment, a magnetic stator configuration with two spaced apart magnetic elements (142, 144) is used whose poles (N, N) have substantially the same active direction.


Objective:To establish a accurate method for the determination of glycyrrhizic acid in zinc glycyrrhetate granules.Methods: An Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) was used with the mobile phase of 0.2 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate(2% acetic acid glacial included)-acetonitrile(71∶29)at the detection wavelength of 254 nm.Results: The calibration curve showed a good linearity with the range of 4.024~503.0 μg·mL-1(r=0.9999).The average recovery is 99.5%,and RSD is 0.67%(n=9).Conclusion: The method was simple,rapid and reliable.It can be used as quality control of zinc glycyrrhetate granules.


The integral equations studied recently by Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer and mamy others in connection with many-body problems are studied in rather general form. They are the nonlinear integral equations of the kind studied by Hammerstein. Some of his results can be applied in their original form to the study of BardeenCooper-Schrieffer equation, (BCS equation). However, BCS equation is so singular that the usual proof of the convergence of the successive approximation can not be applied in this case. It is shown here that with a slight but important modification the convergence of the successive approximation can be assured provided BCS equation satisfies certain conditions. (auth)


In any given region, mountains display common identity signs that make them unique, but their singularity goes beyond their shared physical features. It is fundamentally linked to the interaction between the natural ecosystem and the social environment, which has defined a certain specific spatial and socio-economic model. The present article outlines how mountain socio-spatial structures respond to recent land dynamics, through the implementation of landscape changes and the development management strategies and land policies. Mountain areas are portrayed as going through a process of recovery and revitalization. They are currently overcoming the crisis and lack of organization with which they were faced between the 70s and early 90s.


Recall that our mechanical worm (MW) model used in the simulation portion of our study is constructed from a chain of spherical beads of radius a. Each bead, indexed by n, is centered at Yn, and has an orientation vector t̂n. The vector t̂n is also used as the unit tangent to the worm's centerline. Each bead is also subject to several forces and torques which sum to zero at each moment in the dynamics,


This paper contains results of a study concerned with return migration from Sweden to Finland in 1980-1981. "The purpose of the study was to examine questions dealing with the nature of return migration and the problems of the returnees especially insofar as factors incidental to work financial stability and housing were concerned. The study was primarily based on information obtained from the questionnaires mailed to the returnees themselves." Some theoretical aspects of return migration are also discussed. (EXCERPT)


Closing the gap between formalized proof and practical programming has long been an objective of working in type theory. Monads epitomize this balance. They are a formal construct but have revolutionized programming in purely functional environments. We play on this relationship by formalizing the structure of a monad as a type. By instantiating the type constructor and its associated operators in a dependent type theory we are able to reason about monads as we would a type. By the fact that we are working in a constructive context this reasoning means that we can begin to close that gap between a formal proof and practical programming when it comes to monads. We are able to extract instances of the operators by the fact that we can prove propositions that correspond to that type. In this paper we will do this in two varieties. The first is that by knowing the algorithm the operators correspond to we can easily state them as an object in our language. We then prove that they have the correct type, the type of the output for which we are trying to generate. The second methodology is to prove a behavior specification and there by obtain an extract based on what the program is supposed to do. Our extract is in the form of a term in a purely functional programming language that is just as powerful as any more common language. We contrast this with the first method which is a statement of verification, or of how to do a certain computation. In our process of verifying and specifying (extracting) monads we show that particular instances of common monads are definable in our type theory. We show that the monad is a well defined type. And we give examples showing that our monads are usable.


4 1. General Introduction a. Background research of World EXPO 2010 5 b. Idea illustration 8 c. Problems to solve 10 2. Construction of the website a. Introduction 11 b. Methods 11 i. The systems 12 ii. Major function modules 16 iii.


In a close look at the replica wormhole derivation of the island conjecture, we note a discrepancy in the derived matrix eigenvalues in the limit where the Hawking radiation entropy goes to zero. The small corrections to the density matrix for the radiation infer that tr(ρ R ), equally a sum over the eigenvalues squared, must be small (≪ 1) at all times. This is in contradiction with an ensemble dominated by a density matrix with an eigenvalue close to unity. Also, the radiation entropy has been approximated by the ensemble averaged entropy, as in a final state analysis. For ρR = ρR(σ) with σ the set of variables used in the average, the ensemble average is only an accurate estimate of the entropy after σ has been measured. At the formation of each Hawking pair, there is a distribution over σ that affects the entropy. Without a real time determination of σ, the radiation entropy follows Hawking's result during the evaporation. A question remains of how quickly such determinations can be assumed to occur. A complete argument for that the radiation entropy follows the Page curve should address this.


IlE hypothalamus, anterior thalamic nuclei, gyrus cinguli, hippoeampus, and their connections were believed by Papez 5 to constitute a harmonious mechanism which may elaborate the functions of central emotion as well as participate in emotional expression. A broader concept of the function of the limbic system was expressed by Herrick, 3 who considered the limbic system an activator of all neocortical functions facilitating or inhibiting not only affective behavior, but memory and learning as well. The hippocampus itself is regarded by many authors as the "hub" of the limbic system. Papez speaks of the "central emotive process of cortical origin" being "built up" in the hippocampal formation before being relayed to the mammillary bodies and the anterior nuclei of the thalamus. Grunthal 2 suggests that the hippocampus acts as a "catalytic activator" essential for the central affective and neocortical activity. To gain a greater insight into the function of the hippocampus, a technique for subtotal hippocampectomy was developed in the cat and monkey. 1,9 Following hippocampectomy, a marked taming effect was observed, similar to that described by Kliiver and Bucy 4 and Sehreiner and KlingJ During these studies it was noted that following hippocampectomy the animals showed less response to painful stimuli. Whether this was due to diminished perception or reactivity remained undetermined. The laboratory findings provided an encouraging basis for further exploration of the effects of hippocalnpectomy on a clinical level. It appeared that the procedure might prove useful in psychosurgery and pain control. The transfer of a laboratory procedure to the clinical level is fraught with many unexpected pitfalls, and it was decided, therefore, to use the procedure only for intractable pain due to widespread careinomatosis, or


The Cd1–xMnxS(x=0–0.05) nanorods were successfully synthesized through the hydrothermal route.The morphology and microstructure of Cd1–xMnxS nanorods were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Raman spectrometry.The optical properties of Cd1–xMnxS nanorods were investigated with ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer(UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence(PL) emission spectroscopy.The results show that with the increase of Mn2+ in the samples,the morphology of products become disordered,accompanied with some nanoparticles.The diameter of nano-rods remains almost the same,but the length becomes shorter.Mn2+ enters the position of Cd2+ by substitution,which leads to a de-crease of the lattice constants of hexagonal CdS.Both the absorption band edge and the PL emission spectroscopy of Cd1–xMnxS nanorods shifted gradually to a longer wavelength with the increase of Mn2+,which suggests that the substitution between Mn2+ and Cd2+ leads to lattice distortion and the energy increase of CdS crystal.


This work deals with the computational setup, simulation and analysis of turbulent flow through developing bent pipes. Specifically the effect of swirl-switching for the Dean vortices is analysed. ...


Public health practice is an information business. Over the past few decades, information systems have become foundational for the practice of public health at the local, state, and federal levels. These developments have enhanced surveillance practice and routine and emergency response, along with improving the efficiency of day-to-day operations of health agencies at all levels. Despite these improvements, public health agencies are increasingly challenged to respond to the opportunities that lie ahead as they attempt to enhance the availability and quality of information needed to promote and protect the health of populations. In recent years, the health care system has entered a period of extraordinary and unprecedented increase in the use and exchange of digital health information and the rapid adoption of electronic health record (EHR) systems ushering in the eHealth revolution.2 Furthermore, as individuals seek instant access to health-related information and as communities use information systems to monitor health risks and health status across increasingly smaller geographic areas, the complexity of health information systems and analytic requirements have expanded dramatically. Unfortunately, although progress has been made, the pace of change in the public sector, especially in governmental public health organizations, has not kept pace with the extraordinary rate of change in other health sectors. Several factors can be identified as contributing to this slower pace that jeopardize the ability of these public health organizations to protect and promote health; these include resource limitations, inad-


A simple questionnaire to assess women's attitudes to females' social roles is presented. It explores such attitudes as status at work and home and to child care and domestic duties. Studies of reliability and validity on a British population are reported.


Thank you for your request to our REL Reference Desk regarding evidence-based information about alternative teacher certification in rural school districts. Ask-A-REL is a collaborative reference desk service provided by the 10 Regional Educational Laboratories (RELs) that, by design, functions much in the same way as a technical reference library. Ask-A-REL provides references, referrals, and brief responses in the form of citations in response to questions about available education research.


Floyd Watkins and William Dillingham opened a dialogue on Vardaman Bundren by labeling him "an actual and not unintelligent child facing a real and human problem, " and more recently George Rooks has seen him as sensitive, but otherwise normal.1 While Faulkner criticism has not generally grouped Vardaman with Ike Snopes and Benjy Compson, there remains a fundamental reluctance to believe what he has to say. But Vardaman's third monologue (the " My mother is a fish" assertion) stands out as the shortest section of As I Lay Dying, and arguably the most pointed and direct statement made by any of the characters. When regarded as a performative statement of deracinated totemic identity, it provides a preemptive response to the "language verses action" issue announced by Addie in the novel's central section. Readers encounter Vardaman's third monologue a little more than a quarter of the way through the novel. Addie Bundren has died with her eyes on her youngest child, Vardaman. As part of his shocked, confused reaction to this frightening loss, the child thinks through a complex, although seemingly hysterical, line of reasoning that finally leads him to identify his mother with a large fish he had caught earlier in the day:


Abstract : The Department of Defense (DoD) is seeking to expand its use of electronic data interchange (EDI) techniques in logistics processes. Currently, the Defense transportation community is exchanging bills of lading, in voices, rate tenders, and shipment status messages electronically among its members and commercial industry. Introducing EDI technology into those processes has directly benefited several DoD logistics programs, including the total asset visibility (TAV) and intransit visibility (ITV) integration programs. Now, the Defense transportation community seeks to complete the insertion of EDI into those processes and accelerate its expansion to new applications. In a 18 January 1995 memorandum, the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense - Logistics, designated the United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) as lead agent for the Defense transportation EDI (DTEDI) program. Immediately following that designation, USTRANSCOM developed a plan that presented a strategy for managing the program. That strategy calls for USTRANSCOM to develop a comprehensive implementation plan that fosters further development and expansion of the DTEDI program. Since that time, USTRANSCOM has undertaken a series of actions that will enable the Defense transportation community to improve its program management capabilities, continue expanding its EDI efforts, and accelerate the development of new initiatives. This program implementation plan describes those actions for the freight transportation program and presents schedules for implementing them. During the next several months, USTRANSCOM expects to develop similar actions for the areas of personal property and passenger transportation. Those actions will then be included in this plan, as appropriate.


HIV infection has become a chronic dis-ease in pediatric patients, with the poten-tial for long-term survival with exposure to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Given the assumptions that the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is related to the duration of combined ARV therapy in adults and that CVD has its origin in youth, one might assume that HIV-infected children treated with ARVs would be at a higher risk of accelerated atherosclerosis.


In the presence of FeCl(n)-(bisphosphine) or FeCl(n)-(2-iminomethylpyridine) (n = 2 or 3), 2-substituted oxetanes reacted with Grignard reagents undergoing reductive magnesiation at the 2-position to afford substituted 3-oxidopropylmagnesium compounds, which are useful nucleophiles in reactions with a variety of electrophiles.


With the era of massive multi-core architecture targeting cloud computing for exascale high performance computing (HPC) and big data applications, large scale multi-core are made possible thanks to advanced 3D integration technologies. This paper presents an innovative concept of active silicon interposer with stacked chiplets, with the objective of maintaining overall power consumption budget, increasing chip to chip bandwidth, and preserving full system cost by smart system partitioning.


Forest storage is an importance index of forest inventory and monitoring.This research focuses on China Fir,and the research area is Huangfengqiao Farm which is located in Youxian,Hunan Province.During surveying,110 plots were set randomly,97 of them were effective.The survey of every specific plot included selecting 6 trees nearest to the central position,measuring the DBH,height,and the distance from the farthest one of the 6 trees to the central position.Then the covering area of these 6 trees was calculated on the basis of these original data in order to estimate the forest storage of these plots.The results have indicated that the estimated precision of average DBH and height are 90% and 88%,respectively,and the forest storage is 89%,under the condition of 95% confidence level.Therefore,the 6 trees method is an effective way to estimate the storage of forest.


The Smart grid is the next generation power grid, which consists of a power grid and an information and communication technology system. Communication networks play a critical role in smart grid, as the intelligence of smart grid is built based on information exchange across the power grid. In power transmission segments of smart grid, wired communications are usually adopted to ensure robustness of the backbone power network. In contrast, for a power distribution grid, wireless communications provide many benefits such as low cost high speed links, easy setup of connections among different devices/appliances, and so on. Wireless communications are usually more vulnerable to security attacks than wired ones. Developing appropriate wireless communication architecture and its security measures is extremely important for a smart grid system. This work addresses physical layer security in a Wireless Smart Grid. To understand new types of threats, we review fundamentals of wireless communication and examine physical attack models. Hence a defense Quorum-based algorithm is proposed to ensure physical security in wireless communication.


Summary form only given. The authors report a complete investigation of the off-state degradation in MOSFETs with rapid thermally nitrided (RTN) and rapid thermally reoxidized nitrided (RTN/RTO) MOSFETs. It is demonstrated that RTN/RTO MOSFETs show the least Delta I/sub d/ for low V/sub d/ (5 V), which makes it a promising replacement for pure oxide, especially in the future reduced power supply operations. The impact of RTN and subsequent RTO on the stress-induced gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) in MOSFETs was also investigated. RTN/RTO samples were found to show the least Delta I/sub d/ under low V/sub d/. >


The treatment of morality as an integral philosophy of man (especially in Kant) has been neglected. Stevens has rendered a needed service by clearly and thoroughly presenting a critical examination of the moral aspects of Kant's system. Stevens also goes on to introduce specific typologies of amoral, immoral, and moral behavior. His thorough study therefore offers needed guidelines for the determination of the substance of the moral life as understood by Kant.


To the Editor: In very rare cases, breast cancer may present as an autoimmune-mediated, paraneoplastic, neurologic syndrome (1). Various specific syndromes have been reported, including cerebellar degeneration, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, and stiff-person syndrome (SPS) (2,3). We herein report an atypical presentation of breast cancer in the form of a deteriorating neurologic syndrome and discuss the ramifications of diagnosing and treating such disorders. Our patient is a 71-year-old woman who initially presented with a 2-week history of left lower extremity pain and severe muscle spasms that progressed to involve the entire left lower extremity and the proximal right lower extremity. Physical examination revealed marked weakness, rigidity, stiffness, and extensor spasm of both lower extremities. Electromyography (EMG) showed continuous motor activity with motor unit potentials (MUPs) of normal amplitude and duration firing at a frequency of 15 to 20 Hz. A paraneoplastic laboratory panel of the serum was positive for antiamphiphysin antibodies only. Initial medical therapy included high-dose intravenous steroids, intravenous immune globulin (IVIG), and multiple rounds of plasmapheresis, but yielded only slight clinical improvement. Further evaluation with mammography revealed abnormal calcifications in the left breast with a normal-appearing right breast. Physical examination revealed a diffusely firm right breast with no palpable mass of the left breast. Surgical biopsies showed invasive ductal carcinoma in the right breast and only fibrocystic changes with mild ductal epithelial hyperplasia and benign microcalcifications in the left breast. Subsequent modified radical mastectomy on the right side revealed multifocal carcinoma involving the entire breast with accompanying ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and extensive lymphatic invasion. Adjuvant therapy included Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and radiation to the chest wall and axilla. The patient's symptoms significantly improved within 4 to 6 months after surgical resection and adjuvant treatment of the cancerous tissues, corroborating the paraneoplastic nature of her clinical syndrome. At the 2-year follow-up, the patient is without evidence of recurrence of her cancer, with minimal residual weakness and stiffness of her bilateral lower extremities. She does have some persistent spasticity which is controlled with intrathecal baclofen and phenol blocks. In an attempt to further investigate the paraneoplastic nature of the patient's clinical symptoms, the right breast tissue was subjected to immunohistochemical staining with antiamphiphysin antibodies (BD Biosciences, catalog no. 610714). Our protocol has been previously published (4,5). The photomicrographs confirm the presence of amphiphysin in the malignant cells (Fig. 1). Our patient, combined with five previously reported cases, demonstrates the relationship of amphiphysin, SPS, and breast cancer (6–8). Five of these six patients were found to have significant clinical improvement in their neurologic symptoms after resection and adjuvant treatment of their cancerous tissues. Interestingly, our patient differs from these previous reports by demonstrating mainly lower extremity involvement with sparing of the upper limbs. We herein report an unusual presentation of breast cancer in the form of a rare neurologic syndrome. The detection of amphiphysin from cancerous breast tissue using immunohistochemical techniques is, to our knowledge,


A new suspension system with three-point bracing applied to helical drum milling collection machine was introduced in this paper, which could travel freely when the road transverse gradient is less than ±10° and realize steering function within ±15°. A hollow graded axle according to practical working conditions was designed and optimized by using finite element analysis based on SolidWorks COSMOSWorks. The stress and displacement statement were simulated under the condition of static load. In addition, via this way, the weight of suspension system and the costs of device were decrease, on the premise that ensure primary load requirements and mechanics safety.


* J.D. Candidate, May 2007, American University Washington College of Law; M.A. Candidate, International Relations, American University, December 2007; B.A. English & Journalism, May 2004, Colorado State University. Staff Member, Administrative Law Review, 2005-07. I must, of course, thank my family for always believing in me even when it results in an incalculable amount of student loans. I also want to express my appreciation for Professor Robert Vaughn, whose mastery of the law will always be a source of admiration and wonder, for sparking this entire process and helping me throughout. I am also indebted to Anna Herken and Axel Bree for acting as my guides through the thicket and morass that can be EU law Vielen Dank. Finally, a special thanks to Deryn Sumner for always being there for me I could not imagine a world without her love and support.


The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in India imposing a nationwide lockdown on 22 March 2020, bringing all human activities to a complete halt The current study focuses on the effect of lockdown on the abundance of atmospheric aerosols over Goa The study focused on pre-lockdown, lockdown and period corresponding to lockdown in 2019 The AOD spectra depicted a decrease in the anthropogenically derived fine mode aerosols during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period Mean AOD(500) for prelockdown and lockdown periods were 0 43 +/- 0 19 and 0 53 +/- 0 11 respectively The higher AOD(500) during lockdown was due to an increase in naturally derived coarse mode aerosols, which is further confirmed with the lower Angstrom exponent values (1 04 +/- 0 11) The mean black carbon mass concentration for the respective periods were 1990 45 +/- 470 87 ng m(-3), and 1109 71 +/- 218 33 ng m(-3), and the mean atmospheric forcing during the respective periods were 25 13 +/- 5 72 W m(-2), 27 31 +/- 3 71 W m(-2) and 30 81 +/- 5 59 W m(-2) respectively


Objective: To study short and long term prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction in recovery period treated with intracoronary stents. Methods: 11 patients with acute myocardial infarction in recovery period were treated with intracoronary stents; There were 13 infarcted related arteries: 7 type A, 5 type B and 1 type C lesions in the arteries. Results: 15 stents were implanted. The narrow ratio of the luminal diameter of stented arteries before PTCA was 80%~100% but 0±10% after stenting. 15 stents were all implanted succssfully. All of the cases were followed up for 11.4±3.2 months. LVEF、FSand A/E were examinated by echocardiography before the procedure were 41.6%±4.8%、29.8%±5.6%、1.36±0.28, after the procedure were 51 5%±9 3%(P0 05)、34 5%±7 67%(P0 05)、0 93±0 45 (P0 05) LVEF、PER、PFR examinated by 99m Tc PYP were 45 9%±6 58%、2 75±0 24、1 94±0 37 before the procedure, and after the procedure were 59 9%±5 08%(P0 05)、2 69±0 46(P0 05)、2 47±0 27 (P0 05) respectively. 99m Tc MIBI resting and Nitroglycerin intervented myocardial perfusion imaging showed ischemic myocardial region decreased respectively. Conclusion: Introcoronary stenting can improve the short and long term prognosis of the patients with acute myocardial infarction in recovery period.


Studies on the fallout of radionuclides using 137Cs as tracers which allows to estimate the rates of erosion and soil deposition was conducted. In this study, the reference inventory used was 414.27±71.21Bq m -2 which is the value obtained in the regional African technical projects RAF 5075 funded by the IAEA. The conversion of inventory into erosion and deposition rates we have used MODERN. The new model MODERN (Modelling Deposition and Erosion rates with RadioNuclides) considers the precise depth distribution of any FRN at the reference site and allows adapting it for any specific site conditions. With MODERN the results show the erosion rate is 7.2t ha -1 yr -1 , then with the conversion model: « Mass Balance model II » (MBMII) the erosion rates level varies between 1.3 to 43.0t. ha -1 . Year -1 . The deposition rate assessed at the study site level with MODERN is in the range 7.4 to 8.1t ha -1 year -1 and varies between 8.54 to 45.68t ha -1 year -1 with MBMII.


There is disclosed a non-aqueous-electrolyte secondary bat tery comprising a positive electrode including a material capable of reversibly absorbing and releasing lithium, a negative electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and a separator of the secondary battery the negative electrode comprises a material mainly comprising an amorphous chalcogen compound and/or an amorphous oxide including three or more atoms selected from the group consisting of Groups 1, 2. 13, 14, and 15 of the Periodic Table, and the said non-aqueous-electrolyte contains at least one N-containing organic compound. This non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has excellent charge and dis charge characteristics, and its decrease of discharge capacity due to repeated charging/discharging is small. 8 Claims, 1 Drawing Sheet


A latent interaction of statins in treatment of acute coronary artery syndrome is discussed. In addition to reducing LDL, statins can also improve innerskin function, inhibit thrombosis, etc.


Summary The limited experimental evidence presented tends to support the statement that the reflex effects of heat applied to the skin are associated with the exaggerated discharge of ephemeral, pleomorphic, and lipoidal neurosomes from the motor end plates into spastic or cramp-like muscle. The neurosomes have a variable affinity for gold, silver, and lipoidal stains. There are characteristic instantaneous changes in the morphology of the motor end plates and myoplasm in response to the reflex effects of thermal trauma applied to the skin.


Background: Thousands of people die every day around the world from infections acquired in a hospital. Hands are the main pathways of germ transmission during healthcare. Hand hygiene monitoring can be performed using various methods. One of the latest techniques that can combine all is a neural network-based hand hygiene monitoring system. Methods/Design: Each participant performed 3 hand-washing trials, each time receiving different type of feedback. The order in which each participant of the study used the developed applications was strictly defined, thus each hand-washing study session started with performing hand washing using application A, B and C accordingly. All captured videos of hand-wash episodes were saved and later analysed with neural networks. In the end, both evaluation results were compared and evaluated. Results show that when the participants use Application Type A, they perform hand washing much faster, as well as in comparison of Application Type A versus application type C. However, the longest time spent for the hand washing was detected while using the application type B. Conclusion: Study shows that structured guidance provided during the real time hand washing could be associated with better overall performance. The Application C has confirmed its effectiveness. Proving its advantage among other applications, the Application C can be integrated into the clinical environment


A combined 3 kW PV-thermal system has been proposed for home use. Combining PV and thermal conversion makes this system economically efficient and competitive with traditional power supplies. GaAs and Si concentrator solar cells have been measured under concentration as a candidate for use in this system. InGaP/GaAs tandem solar cells designed for 1-sun operation have been examined under concentration. The potential use of GaInP/GaAs tandem solar cells has been analyzed for this application. The properties of the thermal transfer unit of this system has been evaluated including the cooling of the solar cell holder.


A data pathcing method was proposed for the data missing problem of Baysian network. This method used a scoring function to score all nodes and obtained the scores of all states belong to Baysian network,where the scores are the matching degree of all states to Batsian network. The states of supplement data were determined. The experimental results show that this method can finish data patching before Baysian network strcuture learing or inferring,and thus the complete data can be obtained. Furtheomore,the utilization rate of the missing data gets effectively improved.


An analysis of the fluctuation spectrum of impurity spin density in metals at T « TK (Kondo temperature) is carried out. It is shown that due to inhibition of low frequency fluctuations, elastic paramagnetic scattering of neutrons by an impurity metal should be considerably weakened. The effect of bound state formation on the hyperfine structure of the Mossbauer line of impurity nuclei is also discussed.


We report on the fabrication and characterization of the first p-n diode made from a heterojunction of epitaxial p-type Ge C on an n-type Si substrate. Epitaxial Ge C was grown on a (100) Si substrate by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. The p-GeC/n-Si junction exhibits diode rectification. The I-V characteristics of the p-GeC/n-Si diode indicate a reasonable reverse saturation current of 89 pA/ m at V and a high reverse breakdown voltage in excess of 40 V. Photoresponse from the Ge C p-n diode was observed from 1.3- m laser excitation resulting in an external quantum efficiency of 1.4%.


72 INTRODUCTION 74 METHODS 76 RESULTS 82 DISCUSSION 88 CHAPTER FOUR TABLES 95 CHAPTER FOUR REFERENCES 102 CHAPTER FIVE 108 "WOMEN'S EXPERIENCE OF QUALITY IN DELIVERY CARE: A QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE STUDY" (MANUSCRIPT 2) ABSTRACT 108 108 INTRODUCTION 109 METHODS 113 QUANTITATIVE DATA 113 QUALITATIVE DATA 116


LU Gang,as an intermediate modern poet,has the quality of scholar.He has much knowledge in social science,poet-ry,aesthetics,and creation in various kinds of modern poems.His poems,'Beyond the Autumn Waters',are emotional and full of love of nature.


The development of research infrastructures (RIs) for social sciences and humanities (SSH) research is still incipient. Few of the existing facilities face several challenges that complicate researchers' interactions with RIs and its digital tools and materials. This study explores the creation of an information service for conducting data‐intensive SSH research by placing the end‐user at the center. Particularly, the study investigated what factors affect the development of the RI and if this process is integrating all the information needs of end‐users, putting a special focus on how these facilities should be evaluated. A qualitative analysis of 13 semi‐structured interviews with SSH scholars and computer/data scientists revealed three themes: developing a RI, needs and expectations of the RI, relationship with user feedback and user interactions. Based on our findings, we were able to raise several design implications to create more successful and sustainable information services for supporting SSH research processes.


The title of this paper alludes to Hannah Arendt's famous claim that in Nazi concentration camps martyrdom was made impossible, for the first time in Western history, by the utter anonymity and meaninglessness of inmates' deaths (Arendt, 2000, p. 133): the paper, in contrast, examines two contemporary films which, while intersecting normative/heroic masculinity with debilitating illness and death, allow for the possibility of martyrdom. Tombstone and Logan, directed by George P. Cosmatos and James Mangold respectively, depict the last days of such pop culture icons of masculinity as John Henry "Doc" Holliday and James Howlett, aka Logan/Wolverine. The films' thematic focus on the (protracted) ending of life, which is evident not only in the storylines and dialogues but also in the numerous close-ups of emaciated, bleeding, scarred and prostrate male bodies, afflicted with tuberculosis and cancer-like adamantium poisoning, invites, first, a discussion of the relationship between the cinematic representations of normative and disabled masculinities. Specifically, since normative masculinity, as opposed to femininity, is synonymous with physical and mental strength, power and domination – including the control of one's own body – the focus of this discussion is if, and how, the films depict Doc Holliday and Wolverine as feminized by their failing/disobedient bodies, thus contributing to the cultural construction of gender. Secondly, the paper discusses the halo of martyrdom with which the films' dying men are rewarded as emotionally deeply satisfying to the viewer: in Logan and Tombstone, death is not averted but hastened for the sake of friendship, family, and the protection of the vulnerable and the marginalized. While the films offer comfort1 email@example.com COLLECTION OF PAPERS OF THE FACULTY OF PHILOSOPHY XLVIII (3)/2018 122 DANIJELA LJ. PETKOVIĆ ing fantasies of self-sacrifice and dignity-restoring death as an antidote to the brutally depicted aging and illness, the last question to be posed in the paper is whether this (im)possible martyrdom reaffirms normative, ablebodied and dominating masculinity.


Introducing project financing mode can expand the financing channel of domestic urban infrastructure construction,benefit enlargement of financing and form a sound cycle of borrowing,using and returning,it also can increase the utilization of foreign capitals.


Introduction: Taking notes is a traditional task for students, although it is rather hard but it helps transferring the educational content. Some universities provide comprehensive notes. However, these full notes might have a negative effect on active attending the class and subsequent academic performance. In this study we evaluate the students' satisfaction with a partial handout which included some illustrations but required substantial annotation in comparison with comprehensive notes. Methods: A total of 156 medical and pharmacy students who took biochemistry or microbiology courses participated in the study. Power point slides were used in all lectures. At the beginning of half of the classes students were provided with printed handouts, while the remained sessions were presented without handouts. Finally, students' attitude toward using handouts was evaluated with a questionnaire based on Likert rating scale.


Two promary trypsin inhibitors in soybean can inhibit trypsin activity intensively.Along with increasing quantity of soybean trypsin inhibitor,trypsin activity is almost inhibited absolutely.tea polyphenols can complex soybean trypsin inhibitor effectively and reduces inhibit capability to tryopain of soybean trypsin inhibitor;In addition,temperature can influence tea polyphenols' complex with soybean trypsin inhibitor.