In many applications of generalized linear mixed models to clustered correlated or longitudinal data, often we are interested in testing whether a random effects variance component is zero. The usual asymptotic mixture of chi-square distributions of the score statistic for testing constrained variance components does not necessarily hold. In this paper, we propose and explore a parametric bootstrap test that appears to be valid based on its estimated level of significance under the null hypothesis. Results from a simulation study indicate that the bootstrap test has a level much closer to the nominal one while the asymptotic test is conservative, and is more powerful than the usual asymptotic score test based on a mixture of chi-squares. The proposed bootstrap test is illustrated using three sets of real-life data obtained from clinical trials.


Chelates of Cum), Zn(JI), Cd(II) and Hg(1I) salts with 1,4-bis(5'thiono-l ',3',4'-oxadiazol-Z' -yl)benzene(L) have been prepared. The complexes have been characterised on the basis of IR, UV/visible, NMR [only for ZnO!) chelate] and magnetic measurements besides elemental analyses and DTA studies. All the complexes have been screened for their fungicidal activities. Cum) chelate has.been found to be paramagnetic.


Brain electrical activity of 16 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, recorded intracranially during seizure‐free intervals as well as during transitions to the seizure state, was analysed using methods derived from the theory of non‐linear dynamics. Long‐lasting and marked changes towards low‐dimensional system states were found to occur specifically up to 25 min prior to epileptic seizures and allow to predict the occurrence of individual seizures in time. These findings reflect a continuous increase in the degree of synchronicity, and thus open a window for the study of mechanisms generating seizures in humans. This offers new possibilities for therapeutic interventions.


Sorting plastics according to their chemical composition is a crucial step in the recycling process, turning mixed plastics waste into a high‐value resource. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an established method for plastics classification. Evolutionary progress in miniaturization of optical components has enabled the development of hand‐held spectrometers. Cloud‐based computing and centralized databases provide practically unlimited computing power for classification algorithms and enormous spectral databases. Here we discuss the basics of hand‐held NIRS and the essentials of the corresponding data analysis with a focus on plastics sorting.


In order to contribute to a better mastery and understanding of fish pathologies mainly Myxosporidiosis, so as to develop control strategies, 305 specimens of Barbus callipterus were sampled from May 2016 to May 2017 in Mapé River (Sanaga basin, Adamawa-Cameroon). Fish sampling and conservation were classical while Myxosporeans species were identified morphologically. A total of 13 species belonging to 4 genera (Myxobolus, Myxidium, Henneguya, Thelohanellus) were identified. Out of 305 specimens examined, 140 were significantly more infested by the genus Myxobolus (Prevalence = 45.90%). Irrespective of the parasite species, 147 fishes were infested (Prevalence = 48.20%). Three parasite species were secondary (10% ≤ Prevalence ≤ 50%) namely Myxobolus pseudodispar, M. sp10, and M. umidus whereas the 10 others were scarce (Prevalence < 10%). The prevalence of species varied significantly from 0.65 to 14.10 % in M. muelleri, M. pharyngeus and M. pseudodispar respectively. The host's sex, class size and season did not significantly influence the prevalence and intensity of infestation. However, M. sp2 was significantly more prevalent during the dry season. Kidneys of 209 fishes were infested (Prevalence = 68.20%) making it the most parasitized organs beside the 6 others target organs. Moreover, kidney harbored all parasite species. A broad spectrum of target organs was noticed for Myxobolus sp10 (infested 5 organs). Fishes were significantly more monoinfested than polyinfested. The awareness of the effects of endogenous and exogenous factors on Myxosporeans infestations is helpful to develop control strategies before the domestication of Barbus callipterus in order to boost its production.


Metallic RuO_2(110) thin films were grown by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on MgO(100) and (110) at 425 °C. RuO_2 films on MgO(100) are epitaxial with two variants, while RuO_2 films on MgO(110) are highly oriented with the (110) face parallel to the substrate surface. The two variants in the RuO_2(110) epitaxial films resulted in a twofold mosaic microstructure. The RuO_2(110) epitaxial films are very smooth and exhibit a low resistivity of ~36 µ Ω-cm. In contrast, the RuO_2(110) textured films are very rough, and consist of small grains with a poor in-plane alignment. A slight higher resistivity (49 µ Ω-cm) was found for the RuO_2(110) textured films grown on MgO(110).


David Cameron, The Social Thought of Rousseau and Burke: A Comparative Study, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1973, pp. 242, $14.90. Arthur Stephen McGrade, The Political Thought of William of Ockham: Personal and Institutional Principles, Cambridge University Press, 1974, pp. 269, $18.10. Hanna Fenichel Pitkin, Wittgenstein and Justice: On the Significance of Ludwig Wittgenstein for Social and Political Thought, University of California Press, 1972, paperback edition, pp. 360, $4.65.


*Corresponding author: Chun-Xuan Jiang, Institute for Basic Research, Palm Harbor, P.O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, P.R. China, Tel: +1-727-688 3992; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Received March 10, 2017; Accepted July 29, 2017; Published July 31, 2017 Citation: Jiang CX (2017) Prime Distribution in Pythagorean Triples (1). J Generalized Lie Theory Appl 11: 276. doi: 10.4172/1736-4337.1000276 Copyright: © 2017 Jiang CX. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Mini-Review Using Jiang function we study the prime distribution in Pythagorean triples. Pythagorean triples


Electricity consumption is increased in last twenty years. It is crucial therefore to find alternative, renewable and sustainable sources to mantain this development. Solar energy has proved to be a valid alternative to produce clean energy. The gigantic development of solar energy technology in the last twenty years has lead to a scenario inwhich solar energy is no more a dream or an experimental demonstration of scientific principles, but it is fully integrated in energy production. To make it comparable with other sources, prices are lowered employing mass-production and more simple technologies. One of the possible technologies available is to use crystalline silicon wafers as absorber layer in combination with ion implantation doping technique. This doping technology is inherited by integrated circuit industry. Therefore, the context of this thesis is to explore ion implantation to simplify processing of c-Si solar cells. Indeed, the feature of this doping technique allows to speed up processing of current industrial standard named passivated emitter rear contact (PERC). Moreover, the integration of so-called carrier-selective passivating contacts with ion implantation is of great interest for future evolution of c-Si solar cell industry.


THE CONCERN EXPRESSED BY PARKIN, GERRARD AND WILLOUGHBY OVER POSSIBLE ANISOTROPY OF THE SAMPLE DUE TO THE METHOD OF PREPARATION IS JUSTIFIED. SINCE THE DEFORMATION OF THE SAND UNDER HYDROSTATIC COMPRESSION WAS RELATIVELY SMALL, IT WAS FELT THAT IT WOULD BE BETTER TO TEST FOR SAMPLE ANISOTROPY BY TESTING TWO IDENTICALLY PREPARED SAMPLES UNDER DIFFERENT ORIENTATIONS OF THE SAME MAJOR AND MINOR PRINCIPAL STRESSES IN A SHEAR TEST USING THE SOIL TEST BOX. IF THE SAMPLES WERE ISOTROPIC, THE STATES OF DEFORMATION IN THEM WOULD BE SIMILAR, EVEN IF THE DIRECTION OF THE MAJOR PRINCIPAL STRESS WAS VERTICAL IN ONE AND HORIZONTAL IN THE OTHER. THE RESULTS OF THE TEST SHOWED THAT THIS WAS THE CASE. MAKHLOUF SUGGESTED THAT CONSIDERATION SHOULD ALSO BE GIVEN TO REGULAR PACKINGS GIVING 8 AND 10 CONTACTS PER SPHERE, WHICH WOULD, THEREFORE, RESULT IN A CLOSER APPROXIMATION OF THE PACKING OF RANDOM ASSEMBLIES OF SPHERES. THE AUTHORS, HOWEVER, REASONED THAT ONLY THE USE OF THE LOOSEST AND DENSEST PACKINGS, WITH 6 AND 12 CONTACTS PER SPHERE RESPECTIVELY, WOULD COVER THE WHOLE RANGE OF POROSITIES THAT ARE NORMALLY ENCOUNTERED IN REAL GRANULAR SOILS. SINCE IN THE PRESENT ANALYSIS ONLY THE POROSITY OF THE GRANULAR SOIL IS USED TO DETERMINE WHAT PROPORTIONS OR EACH OF THE CONSTITUENT PACKINGS ARE REQUIRED TO PRODUCE A MODEL WITH THE SAME POROSITY, ONLY TWO REGULAR PACKINGS CAN BE CONSIDERED AS BEING THE BASIC COMPONENTS. /ASCE/ REFERENCES: DEFORMATION OF SAND IN HYDROSTATIC COMPRESSION, H-Y KO, R. F. SCOTT, ASCE PROC. PAPER 5245, MAY 1967.


Management of metastatic melanoma has changed over the recent years with a better understanding of the disease and newer diagnostic tools like the PET scan. Metastasectomy is becoming an accepted modality in the treatment of metastatic disease, when the primary has been well controlled. The diagnosis of metastases has been promising using PET scan as compared with conventional CT scan or MRI. We report here a case of recurrent melanoma with metastases diagnosed using PET scan and subsequent metastasectomy done affording the patient good control of the disease.


This article explores the knowledge about preventions, perceptions of infections, and the responsive actions to the Covid-19 situation of the young age groups residing in Bangladesh. Quantitative data were collected online using an MCQ questionnaire from around 932 participants. Results show the population is generally aware of the symptoms, keeping social distance by staying home and are concerned about re-spreading after the lock-down period. However, they are quite unsure about the possible medicines frequently talked about in the media and the necessity of avoiding animal protein.


Purpose: A strong brand is one that consumers know and perceive as differentiated from competing brands. Building brands with high levels of awareness and uniqueness is critical to ensuring brand strength and sustained competitiveness. To this end, the roles of brand management capability and brand orientation are highlighted. However, given the significance of consistency in branding, firms' brand management capability and brand orientation alone may not be sufficient, and a mechanism that facilitates branding consistency is required. In the integrating marketing control theory with the resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities (DC) theory, this study aims to examine how a firm's brand orientation, when supported by formalisation, contributes to building brands with high levels of awareness and uniqueness through the intervening role of brand management capability. Design/methodology/approach:In testing the hypotheses proposed in this study, survey data were drawn from a sample of firms operating in the consumer goods sector and examined through hierarchical regression analysis. Findings: This study finds that firms are more likely to build brands with high levels of awareness and uniqueness in the market when their brand orientation is supported by formalisation, because this combination (brand orientation and formalisation) facilitates branding consistency and brand management capability development. Originality/value: In weaving together the theoretical perspectives of marketing control, RBV and DC, this study extends current knowledge by showing that brand management capability and brand orientation alone are insufficient for building brands with high levels of awareness and uniqueness. Instead, maximising their performance effects requires the support of formalisation. Disciplines Business Publication Details Lee, W., O'Cass, A. & Sok, P. (2017). Unpacking brand management superiority: Examining the interplay of brand management capability, brand orientation and formalisation. European Journal of Marketing, 51 (1), 177-199. This journal article is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/buspapers/1064


Diet components of an initially acceptable diet for larvae of Trichosirocalus horridus (Panzer), an introduced weevil for thistle control, Carduus thoermeri Weinmann and C. acanthoides L., were systematically varied to determine if the yield of adult weevils could be improved. A total of 56 new diets were prepared and tested. Survival to the late third instar was slightly improved up to 39%, while larval development improved with additions of Vandersant Vitamin Supplement (8 g per 425 ml batch of diet), lyophilized thistle roots, ergosterol, or by transferring larvae to identical fresh diets after 4 weeks. However, larval survival decreased when excessive casein hydrolysate or 7-dehydrocholesterol was used. Sucrose did not improve larval growth. Of the six new diets that supported complete larval development, one diet yielded two adults, while the other five yielded one adult each. Only one of the diet-reared females oviposited eggs, and longevity of diet-reared adults was shorter than adults reared from ...


Heart failure is a common hospital admission diagnosis and a progressive terminal disease. Prognosis is difficult to predict, and patients are often unaware of their poor prognosis. The Seattle Heart Failure Model is a tool that predicts life expectancy for heart failure patients. The aim of this study was to determine if this tool could identify heart failure inpatients who would benefit from palliative care referrals. The tool was applied retrospectively to 214 patients with a discharge diagnosis of heart failure. Cases were divided for data analysis into three groups of predicted baseline life expectancy: those with prognosis of less than or equal to 1.5 years, more than 1.5 years to less than 5 years, and 5 years or more. Of those with life expectancy equal to or less than 1.5 years, 63% of these patients (n = 17) would have received timely palliative care consultation had the Seattle Heart Failure Model been used as a screening tool. More research is needed to explore the use of this tool and others for inpatients with heart failure. Such tools can be helpful in ensuring that patients receive the information they need to make end-of-life decisions.


Modern supply chain applications are complex systems that play an important role in many different sectors. Supply chain management systems are implemented to handle increasing complexity and flows of goods. However, most of these systems are also increasing the complexity of providing trust and a global view of transactions in a distributed supply chain system. Blockchain technology introduces a new architectural style to support the traceability and trust of transactions performed by participants in a network. This chapter uses this emerging technology to realize a supply chain use case from JLP Meats in the UK with improved transparency, trust, and end-to-end querying while discussing potential challenges of realizing large-scale enterprise blockchain applications. The process of farm-to-fork is implemented and tested for traceability, item recall, block analysis, congestion enabling food safety, and sustainable agriculture. Potential challenges are highlighted in complex supply chains that need heterogeneous trade compliance and scalability. End-to-End Tracing and Congestion in a Blockchain: A Supply Chain Use Case in Hyperledger Fabric Kosala Yapa Bandara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3616-7764 National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland Subhasis Thakur National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland John G. Breslin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-050X National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland End-to-End Tracing and Congestion in a Blockchain


Abstract A 6-min rowing ergometer test was administered to 116 candidates for Junior, Colt, and Olympic New Zealand crews. Stroke frequency, work output, and heart rates were used to assess rowing fitness and to compare min-by-min performance of the selected and unselected trialists. Throughout the duration of the test, the Junior and Olympic selected oarsmen demonstrated a greater ability to tolerate this type of heavy work than did the unselected oarsmen. The Colt trialists were relatively homogeneous and their subgroup differences did not reach significance. In comparison to earlier work using a similar sample, the present data indicate a general increase in rowing ability.


ISO (The International Organization for Standardization) is an institute arranging certificating or authenticates a standard angle blocks. ISO 9001: 2000 specifying standard angle blocks and recommendation for design and assessment
from a management system of quality, with aim to guarantee that organization will give product fulfilling standard angle blocks specified.
Industrial Engineering Majors Muhammadiyah University of Malang realizes the importance of ISO 9001: 2000 in the study program. This thing is because of the many industrial worlds (consumer) graduate requiring graduate to master sciences matching with study program during the in campus. This clauses can be chockablock re-evaluates learning process to teach industrial engineering majors UMM based on by standard angle blocks ISO 9001: 2000.
Intention of this research is give refinement proposal of learning process system teaches based on standard angle blocks ISO 9001: 2000. This thing is done by the way of accommodating execution of learning process to teach with clauses ISO 9001: 2000 by using diagram Ishikawa. Result obtained is improve and applies some things in process of learning teaches a meeting topic per week, purpose of special instructional, purpose of instructional public, reference book, handout, lecturing matter is changed according to development is stone, lecturing matter attributed to condition of reality/life everyday, media/auxiliaries and off


We have extended the single scaling method for Kustaanheimo-Stiefel (K-S) regularization by applying different scaling factors to each component of the four-dimensional harmonic oscillator associated with the regularization. This is achieved by monitoring the time development of the total energy of each component of the harmonic oscillator and rescaling the magnitude of the position and velocity of the corresponding component so as to satisfy the defining relation for the harmonic energy. To perform the monitoring increases the number of variables to be integrated per celestial body from 10 to 13; however, the extra cost of computation is still negligible compared with that of the perturbing acceleration. The resulting method of quadruple scaling significantly enhances the numerical stability of orbit integrations. In the case of unperturbed orbits, the new method when applied at every integration step reduces to the machine-epsilon level the errors in all the orbital elements except the mean longitude at epoch, if sufficiently high order integrators are used with sufficiently small step sizes. This remarkable feature is lost when the scaling is applied at every apocenter. In the case of perturbed orbits, we confirm the superiority of the quadruple scaling method applied at every integration step over the other scaling methods for K-S regularized orbital motions unless round-off plays the key role in the accumulation of integration error.


Based on evaluations conducted in the early 1990's on the use of its documentary system by curators and researchers, the Musee dlOrsay has adopted an original, resolutely useroriented approach. The close collaboration of users to the project has made i t possible to develop a centralised system made up of modules adapted to the different functions (curators, researchers, registrar's office, cultural service, visitors' information, etc). The main actors are provided with a tool that makes it easy for them to search the database but also to bring new information (creation of artwork or artist records, dealing with artwork movements, updating of information), using a graphical and ergonomic interface. This corpus, crucial in the life of the museum, is meant to become the reference on the museum collections. The step by step implementation of the system, which necessitated a close analysis of the organisation of work, has certainly contributed to the evolution of the way information technologies are perceived by the museum teams. With this system of information and management of the collections new perspectives of publishing information are opened, in particular an online catalogue of thc collections (more than 73000 entries).


This paper describes an attempt to use a biodynamical measure to evaluate the performance of human-robot interfaces that should be comfortable for human operators. Since the issue of comfort is human related, we should adopt some biodynamical measures to evaluate the comforts of human operator. This paper proposes a quantitative biodynamical measure that depends on the heart rate, instantaneous lung volume and arterial blood pressure of the human operator. Experiments show that there exists a clear relation between the measure and the task stress of operators.


The analysis of the speech genre of self-presentation is performed within the anthropocentric approach to the language and speech. The study focuses on the self-presentation of non-philological students. The research is based on the comparative analysis of the papers of first year students and graduate students of the faculties of geography and of computer science and information technology, as well as of the Institute of physical education and sports of Saratov National Research State University. A multi-aspect analysis of student self-presentations revealed the main features of the speech genre of self-presentation. Among them are the most typical cognitive models (scenarios) of self-presentation which form the basis of the corresponding speech genre. In student papers, the speech genre of self-presentation often interacts with other speech genres: appeals, messages, and gratitude. First year students demonstrate a strategy that suggests an effort to please, to appear attractive to others. Graduate students present a strategy of self-promotion, trying to prove their professional competence. The analyzed papers show that the students demonstrate the awareness that effective self-presentation is based on verbal-logical and emotional-expressive elements of speech which act as the means of linguistic persuasion. The papers abound in clichés and set expressions containing elements of formal academic style.


We investigate a game where a sender (Alice) teleports coherent states to two receivers (Bob and Charlie) through a tripartite Gaussian state. The aim of the receivers is to optimize their teleportation fidelities by means of local operations and classical communications. We show that a non-cooperative strategy corresponding to the standard telecloning protocol can be outperformed by a cooperative strategy which gives rise to a novel (cooperative) telecloning protocol.


The analysis of scientific & linguistics dominants of A. Moisiienko revealed the synthesis of the fundamental knowledge of a linguist and literary critic, the dynamics of emotions, and the expression of the poet's evaluations aimed at updating the national scientific and artistic paradigms. The linguist managed to combine several hypostases, appearing before the reader as a scrupulous linguist-researcher of the apperceptive system of Shevchenko's poem, the worlds of symbols and the silent word, the world of poetics and the dynamics of text structures, the world of the intertextuality of the poetic text; and as an obsessed literary critic who, raising several extremely relevant problems of the modern scientific study of poetic idiostyles, specific features of individual authorial verse genres in the system of individual artistic texts, focuses on European intellectualism and modernism; and as an inspired poet, in whose poems the Ukrainian poetic language appears as a world of linguistic and aesthetic signs of national culture. The scientific texts of A. Moisiienko were studied from the standpoint of anthropocentrism and textocentrism, considering the structure of textual categories, means of their objectification, and factors of actualization of the author's dominant constants. The multi-aspect studies of A. Moisiienko's poetic linguistics are commented on, which gives an idea of the specificity of the figurative idiopoetic system, and its dominant features, which distinguish the author's language creation against the all-Ukrainian background and among traditional samples of national poetics. It was found that the dominant features of the author's scientific linguistic world include the linguistic stylistic interpretation of the apperceptive system of Shevchenko's poem, the artistic understanding of the linguistic worlds of symbol and silent word, the world of poetics and the dynamics of text structures, the world of the intertextuality of a poetic text.


Efficient methods for extraction of pesticides from soil are necessary for environmental fate studies. This study examined efficiencies of methanol:water solvent systems for recovery of the herbicide acifluorfen [5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid] from soils of different properties. The applicability of supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (SFE) for recovery of acifluorfen was also examined. High recovery (>95%) was obtained over wide range of methanol (40 to 80%) to water compositions. Adding acid, base, EDTA or cation-exchange resin to a 80:20, methanol:water solution offered no improvement. However, EDTA or exchange resin gave slightly higher recoveries of acifluorfen and/or degradation products with incubated soil. Recovery of acifluorfen by SFE required addition of a modifier. Extraction efficiencies equal to the highest obtained with liquid extractions were possible using 40:60, methanol:1 N HCl as a modifier.


Spin orbit torque magnetic random access memory (SOT-MRAM) has attracted massive research interests due to its promising application potential in high-speed computing systems (e.g. upper level caches). Here we propose an erasable spintronics memory based on a novel field-free SOT switching mechanism. The data writing is achieved through erase and subsequent program operations, both of which are implemented with unidirectional currents. For improving the storage density, the erase operation is shared by multiple bit-cells, meanwhile some access transistors could be replaced with diodes thanks to the use of unidirectional currents. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed erasable spintronics memory is featured by sub-nanosecond write speed, femto-joule write energy and higher storage density than the conventional SOT-MRAMs.


The European Higher Education area has as one of its axes of development the promotion of quality in universities. Within this framework, the assessment of the quality of the teaching staff is highly recommended. With this aim the Teaching Evaluation Support Programme (DOCENTIA) promoted by Spanish National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation (ANECA) is designed to satisfy the needs of the higher education system for a model and procedures to guarantee the quality of the teaching activity while fostering its development and recognition. Currently, more than 90% of the Spanish universities participate in this program, throughout its different phases. This paper presents this program, explains how it is being implemented at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV, Spain), and provides the proposed amendments by the evaluation commission during the follow-up verification phase that must be justified and solved during the monitoring phase, which is currently in progress, to obtain the certification.


Now in its twenty-third year, the groundbreaking independent art space Cemeti Art House, or Rumah Seni Cemeti, was established in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in 1988 by the artist-couple Nindityo Adipurnomo and Mella Jaarsma (Dutch-born, long-time resident of Indonesia). The two are now internationally renowned for their art practice - Jaarsma, for her series of striking body cloaks or 'skins' which investigate identities of all kinds, and Adipurnomo for his ongoing explorations of 'Javaneseness' through the motif of the konde, a traditional Javanese hairpiece. As the artists began their own careers in the late 1980s, they were spurred to establish an art space that would address the vacuum of support for contemporary art in the Indonesian art scene of the time. The artists launched Cemeti Gallery, as it was then known, as a small-scale operation with a very basic set-up and with its core mission 'focused on promoting and discovering [Indonesian] artists (actively working artists)'.


In this study, the increase in depth of field (DOF) of eyes by super multi-view (SMV) displays was examined using a recently developed reduced-view SMV display that generates viewpoints with an interval of 2.6 mm. Two different three-dimensional (3D) images were used for the accommodation measurements; one contains sharp edges, and the other contains various sharp and soft edges. We found that the DOF increased even for the latter 3D image. Moreover, the DOF increase for the latter image was approximately equal to or less than that for the former, depending on the subjects' point of focus.


We have proposed and analysed a non-linear mathematical model to study the effect of a toxicant on a biological species that can have adverse effect on reproductive health of a subclass of the species. Using stability theory, it has been shown that the density of biological species would settle down to its equilibrium level. It is also found that the population density of a subclass of those members of the population which is severely affected by the toxicant and not capable in further reproduction, increases as the emission rate of the toxicant increases. AMS Subject Classification: 34C60, 34D20, 37N25


The geographic information data production and the paper map production are two main tasks of digital mapping. Each has a special workflow in practical cartographic production. In this paper, the integrative workflow for producing the paper map and geographic information data was discussed. The paper was consisted of three parts. Firstly, the different request between the paper map production and geographic information data production was analysed. Secondly, two workflows were compared. The workflow of paper map production includes the map design, multi-source data use, map symbolization, map editing, data checking, the colour proof printing, and element processing for publication. The workflow of geographic information data production consists of the geometry position capturing, geo-attribute acquisition and the topological relationship building. The paper map production and the geographic information production could be gone on in one workflow if the process of 'geo-attribute acquisition' and 'the topological relationship building' was added in the workflow of the paper map production. Finally, three problems should be resolved in the integrative workflow. The first was to design the data structure of operation object, the second was to research the relationship of the feature geo-attribute and map symbol, and the third was to use the attribute database keeping the geo-attribute. The digital mapping system based on the integrative workflow was developed. It could change single-production mode into multi-production mode.


Several landslide events have successively occurred at Baota slope area of Yunyang County, Sichuan Province, among which the Jipazi landslide is the latest one. The Jipazi landslide represents partial revival of an old landslide. The total volume of the sliding mass is up to 1.5×10 7m 3 or more, of which about 2.3×10 5m 3 were detached from the slide channel and slided down below the flood level of the Yangtze River, causing a serious danger to the navigation on this river segment and enormous economic losses. Once the Three Gorges Reservoir stores water, the water level of the Yangtze River will be much higher than the current level. As a result, new landslide may revive on the old one. Based on the research on the geometry, material component, structural and hydrogeologic features of the sliding mass, it is preliminarily concluded that the Jipazi landslide was caused by the increasing of pore pressure in the sliding mass due to excessive rainfall infiltration and impeded drainage during the storm. In the light of the limit equilibrium theory, a program of Sarma method is designed to evaluate the stability of the Jipazi sliding mass after the Three Gorges reservoir storing water. The result shows that the critical value of the slope stability is that the water level of the Yangtze River reaches 145m high and the drainage rate of the slope is 50%. The dynamic sensitivity analyses of the factors affecting slope stability are carried out through adjusting the values of some affecting parameters of slope stability. The results show that the rainfall infiltration, the water level of the Yangtze River after the Three Gorges reservoir storing water and the drainage rate of sliding mass are the crucial causes affecting stability of the Jipazi landslide. Little rainfall infiltration, low water level of the Yangtze River and unimpeded drainage in the sliding mass will enhance the stability of the slope. Therefore, corresponding prevention and control measures must be taken before the Three Gorges reservoir stores water.


SOUZA, N.H. Rumen metabolism and the mineral balance in water buffaloes with different levels of the phosphorus intake. 2004. 53f. Tese (Doutorado) – Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, 2004. Four mature buffaloes fitted with rumen cannulas were used to study the effects of different levels of the phosphorus intake on the ruminal metabolism and the digestion in the diets. Ammonia concentration, pH, fluid and solid outflow rates, rumen volume; concentration of mineral in the ruminal content; digestibility and estimate of faecal output of minerals were determined. The animals were designed in Latin Square experiment (4x4) with each period of 28 d of duration. Treatments were applied four rations with different levels of P intake (8, 12, 15 e 18 grams). The proportion forage for concentrate was 85:15 with only using fresh chopped sugar cane. No differences were observed among the treatments in the rumen parameters evaluated and digestibility. Increasing in phosphorus intake resulted in simple linear regression equation Y = 0.03 + 0.610 * X, where P output daily (g (kg bodyweight)) was used as the dependent variable (Y) and P intake daily (g / kg) was used as the independent variable (X).


This paper presents an effective evolutionary method for solve economic dispatch (ED) with units having prohibited operating zones. ED has been widely used in power system operation and planning for determination of electricity prices. ED problem is a non smooth problem when valve point effects of generation units are considered. With addition the valve point effect and prohibited zones in ED problem this problem complicates more and more respect before and is needed to solve with a strong and accuracy algorithm. This paper presents a very robust algorithm (SLFA) to solve ED problem with valve point effect, furthermore in an attempt to reduce processing time and improve the quality of solutions, particularly to avoid being trapped in local optima, this paper present a modified SLFA that called MSLFA algorithm to solve ED problem. The performance of the MSFLA has been tested on two typical systems consisting of 6 and 40 thermal units and compared with conventional approaches such as genetic algorithm (GA), tabu search algorithm (TSA), PSO and others in literatures. The comparison results show that the efficiency of proposed approach can reach higher quality solution and faster computational time than the conventional methods.


Automatic document summarization aims to 001 produce a concise summary covering the input 002 document's salient content. Within a report 003 document, both the textual and non-textual con- 004 tent (e.g., tables and figures) can be important 005 information sources for the summary. How- 006 ever, most available document summarization 007 datasets focus on the text and filter out the non- 008 textual content. Missing tabular data can limit 009 the informativeness of produced summaries, 010 especially when target summaries require to 011 cover quantitative descriptions of critical met- 012 rics, whose numerical information is usually 013 kept in tables. In this paper, we address this 014 issue by introducing REDTABS, the first col- 015 lection of large-scale datasets for long text and 016 multi-table summarization. Built on compa- 017 nies' annual reports, it includes three large- 018 scale datasets for summarizing these compa- 019 nies' business, results of operations, and over- 020 all conditions, respectively. We also present 021 the Segment-Alignment-based long Text and 022 multi-Table summarization (SATT) method in- 023 corporating textual and tabular data into the 024 summarization process. Besides, we propose a 025 set of automatic evaluation metrics to assess the 026 numerical information in summaries produced 027 by summarization models. Dataset analyses 028 and experimental results reveal the importance 029 of incorporating textual and tabular data into 030 the report document summarization. We will 031 release our data and code to facilitate advances 032 in summarization and text generation research.


Americans have long sought shelter in safe and comfortable surroundings. As early as the latter part of the eighteenth century, individuals fled from the duress and disorder of the inner city, marking the start of a long process of out-migration to areas on the urban fringe. Since that time the suburbs have undergone a transition no less impressive than have the cities themselves. Suburbs are no longer capable of sheltering the masses from the intrusion of problems historically confined to the inner city. Accompanying the redistribution of America's population from central to peripheral locations has been the spread of contemporary problems such as theft, vandalism, rape, and murder away from old downtown. In defense, America's newest form of residential development is sweeping the landscape: gated communities.


We considered the local Markov approximation method for the definition of the precision characteristics of statistical analysis algorithms of information processes with unknown discontinuous parameters in the presence of Gaussian distortions 4470 O. V. Chernoyarov et al. and illustrated the use of the stated approach in practical applications for the analysis of operating efficiency of detectors and measurers of the quasi-determined and random signals.


The classic model for retail banking is the transformation of customer savings into productive loans and investments. Individual customer deposits are often small in size, and they are available for redemption on short notice, while loans and investments require longer term commitments and larger unit sizes. Today some of the largest banks in the developed world act as agents of 'disintermediation', that is, they facilitate direct links between retail savers and investment projects or corporations via capital markets. Nevertheless, for most small and medium-size businesses, the classic bank financing model remains highly relevant, because a direct issuance of debt or equity into the capital markets is simply not feasible, and it is rarely cost efficient. This holds particularly true for emerging and developing markets, where micro and small businesses constitute the economic backbone and hold the key to accelerated job creation and growth. The objective of this research is to put the conventional core deposit theory to the test by examining the actual behavior of deposits raised from poor individuals.


ABSTRACTEconomies are deemed to have automated systems of collecting their respective poverty statistics because the availability of these databases are imperative, which have generated a need for new techniques that will transform the data into useful information that can assist policymakers in formulating effective poverty-reduction policies. An alternative method is the use of data mining techniques - the extraction of hidden patterns of information from large databases, beyond regression, that will allow for the generation of a prediction on the direction and extent of change on the status of a sample. After determining these hidden patterns, the application of gamiflcation can be utilized as a behavior change mechanism particularly for people who are predisposed to engaging in games on issues that are reality-based. The change in behavior gets manifested in their opinions about an issue or problem and subsequently takes positive actions towards a solution to a problem. Various problems besetting poverty stricken households can be solved through change in behavior once they realize the opportunities that can come their way by doing so. The change is much more effective if part of the motivation comes from within the individual and the immediate environment makes it possible for them to see the positive effect this change will bring.INTRODUCTIONPoverty remains one of the rampant social problems any economy needs to address. With the Philippines' poverty line marked at earnings less than PHP 16,841.00 per individual annually. According to data from the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB), 26.5% of the population falls below the poverty line in 2009. Though this figure is a much lower than a comparative figure of 33.1% in 1991, the decline has been slow and uneven, much slower than neighboring countries who experienced broadly similar numbers in the 1980s, such as the People's Republic of China (PRC), Thailand, Indonesia (where poverty level lies at 8.5%) or Viet Nam (13.5%). The Philippines' incidence of poverty remains significantly high as compared to other countries for almost a decade now. The unevenness of the decline has been attributed to a large range of income brackets across regions and sectors. Rapid population growth has also contributed to this predicament (Rivera & See, 2012).The government planned to eradicate poverty as stated in the Philippines Development Plan (PDP). The PDP for the next six years are an annual economic growth of 7% to 8% and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Under the MDGs, Philippines committed itself to halving extreme poverty from a 33.1% in 1991 to 16.6 % by 2015 (Rivera, Pizarro, Aliping & Reyes, 2012).Poverty assessment and monitoring is one of the focus areas of the United Nations Development Program. According to the United Nations Development Programme [UNDP] (2012), fighting poverty and making progress towards the MDGs requires effective policies to reduce poverty and promote inclusive development. The design and implementation of policies for social inclusion require a good system of information to better understand the problem: what is poverty, what causes it, who does it affect, how does it evolve over time and what impact do development policies and programs have on poverty. Establishing a poverty monitoring and assessment system to answer these questions is fundamental to the design of effective poverty reduction policies. Such systems are also necessary to help governments and the development community to keep track of progress towards the MDGs (UNDP, 2012).According to the National Anti-Poverty Commission [NAPC] (2012), fiscal constraints in the Philippines have compelled the government to implement targeted interventions directing public resources to the poor and marginalized groups. Identifying who and where the poor are is vital in efficiently and effectively implementing poverty-alleviation programs and projects. …


The sol−gel process of 1,8-bis(triethoxysilyl)octane (TES-Oct) catalyzed by phosphotungstic acid (PWA) has been investigated by time-resolved dynamic light scattering. The time−intensity correlation functions (ICF) exhibited two modes, corresponding to the cooperative diffusion of entangled chains and the translational diffusion of cross-linked clusters. Below the gelation threshold the ICFs were well described by sum of two exponential functions, allowing the successful analysis of the relaxation times and the corresponding relative intensity for the fast and slow modes. On the contrary to general observation of acid-catalyzed systems, the specific gelation process was found for rPWA = 0.100, the molar ratio of PWA to TES-Oct. Namely, the relative amplitude for the fast relaxation, Af, and the averaged slow relaxation time, 〈τslow〉, exhibit exceptionally larger values in the gelation process, suggesting the existence of the ionized larger clusters as found for the base-catalyzed system. The hydrodynamic ...


In this thesis, we propose some original examples of radar waveform design via convex optimization theory. After an initial section introducing some basic concepts about waveform design (chapter 2), we analyze in detail code design for a stand-alone radar in case of temporal (chapter 3) or spatial-temporal processing (chapter 4), and for a networked radar with constraints on the induced interference (chapter 5). Finally, some concluding remarks are presented (chapter 6).


This paper describes the distribution of the main scrub weeds in the South Island of New Zealand and offers comments on their control. Climate, soils, and farm management practices set the pattern for the distribution and importance of scrub weeds. Wide variation in all three can be found in the South Island.


BACKGROUND
The stainless steel crowns (SSCs) placed using the Hall technique disrupts the occlusion, but stabilization appears to occur within a short period post placement. Negligible understanding and comprehension is presently handy about the changes in overbite and bite force after placement of stainless steel crown using the hall technique in children.

AIM/ HYPOTHESIS
To evaluate the digital occlusal analysis of vertical dimension and maximum intercuspal position to understand the changes in overbite and bite force after placement of stainless steel crown using the hall technique.

DESIGN
Twenty children who needed treatment for the carious tooth with decay extending to enamel and dentin and multisurface caries were managed using the Hall technique. Following that overbite measurement for vertical dimension was carried out clinically using digital vernier calipers. Later the T-Scan III was used for measuring occlusal load at the maximum intercuspal position. The bite force and occlusal premature contacts were digitally analyzed and recorded preoperatively, immediately after placement of SSC and after 1 month follow-up period.

RESULTS
A significant result in the vertical dimension, bite force on crowned tooth, significant reduction in the prematurities was seen from baseline to one month follow up.

CONCLUSION
There was an occlusal re equilibration attained after 1 month.


Nursing Administration is one of the subjects taught to nurses studying for post-registration courses, namely the Diploma in Nursing Administration and B Cur (I et A) at Medunsa.


Ever since Romania started its transition in the 1990s, it consistently scored poorly in various comparative performance assessments aimed at rating developing countries. In this paper we analyze whether Romania has managed to overcome the transition period or not, by pointing out both the drawbacks as well as the progress that has been made over the transition period, but most of all since our accession to the European Union in 2007. We discuss the concept of good governance for a new EU member state, by focusing on the state of public governance in Romania, but also addressing the other two important actors in the society, the private sector and the civil society.


Reflux oesophagitis is commonly encountered in the surgical treatment of cancer of the upper third of the stomach. The aim of this study was to describe a novel surgical technique and evaluate the clinical outcome of high segmental gastrectomy for early‐stage proximal gastric cancer.


Yi Hyunggi projected his Buddhist view of the world in his sensitive poetic language since 1950s in line with Cho Byunghwa, Yi Wonsup, Yi Seolju, Kim, Gwansik, Cheon Sangbyung, Jang Ho, Park Jaesam and Go Eun. He also sought a diverse poetic transformation through his eccentric poetic concept, poetic emotion and expanded visibility. Among these, a thought of transmigration, together with the Uroboros thought, played an important role in constructing his poetic formation and foundation, and poetic transformation. Such a foundation could be established because of his long lasting relationship with Buddhism from his youth. He exerted his insight through his reading on Buddhist writings, poetic comments, and his novel 'Buddha.' However, he did not stop simply revealing the reality of existence and contradiction on top of the absolute emptiness, but went beyond it by maximizing poetically for continual expansion. It could be facilitated by the conflict between the poet's life to endure the most turbulent times in the modem Korean history, and his activity to counter the current environment ceaselessly. In this sense, 'Nakhwa'(Falling flowers) has a big significance. 'Nakhwa' is interpreted with the overthrown of the dictatorship, but it also indicated the transmigration thought as shown in the verse 'how beautiful of a man's appearance from behind/ who clearly knows where he goes / and when he goes.' Thus, he chose death as the finale(終). It is naturally recognized by the Buddhist enlightenment that 'beginning from death and finishing with death.' This is totally different from those of Han Yongwoon and Cho Jihoon. Cho Jihoon is especially comparable as he also had the poem with the same title. While Cho Jihoon's 'Nakhwa' expresses the melancholy of life from the contemplative attitude, Yi Hyunggi's 'Nakhwa' intends a strong sense of reversion through the transmigration by adapting the transmigration of 'death-farewell-reunion' with Bansanghapdo(反常合道) and Hapdobansok(合道反俗). Such transmigration thought is based on the progressive thought linking 'conformity to nature - destruction and dissolution - transcendence and creation.' It is contrasted with reverse-progressive thought in transmigration like 'death-absence-despair-end'. With these in mind, the poem implicates the willingness of conquest and transcendence. Although the poem has a great sense of transmigration generally, it is not sensed easily. This clearly reflects wide scope of his poetic world.


Cerebral paragonimiasis is a rare parasitic disease especially in India. We report such an unusual case of an 18 year old male, who was admitted with complaints of blurring of vision of six months duration and one episode of generalized tonic clonic convulsions six months back, severe headache in the occipital region of two months duration and low grade fever since one month. MRI of the brain showed a parietooccipital heterogenous lesion with ill-defined conglomerate peripheral rim enchancement. Squash cytology showed eggs of Paragonimus Westermanii and histopathology also showed eggs of P.Westermanii with a surrounding suppurative granulomatous reaction and multinucleate foreign body type of giant cells.


Abstract: Suicides have been the second leading cause of deaths among adolescents in the United States in 2016. This paper aims to find qualitative and quantitative evidence of the relationship between socioeconomic inequalities and adolescent suicides. The suicide risk factors among all states are identified to form the pooled dynamic panel dataset from 1990 to 2016. To our knowledge, this paper is the first to find that social inequalities are significantly related to American adolescent suicides using the state-level dynamic panel data. Changes of unemployment rates have the consistent and significantly positive impacts on changes of adolescent suicides rates. Changes of Top 10% income index are uniformly positive to changes of adolescent suicide rates. Gini indices have inconsistently positive correspondence to adolescent suicide rates. Furthermore, high school graduation rates are insignificantly and negatively associated with adolescent suicide rates in the United States.


BACKGROUND
Planning the home care of growing numbers of old, dependent people must include the caregivers' burden.

METHODS
A convenience sample of 129 caregivers of elderly patients with multiple diagnoses was interviewed about the caregiving context, burden, caregivers' tolerance of patients' troublesome behaviours and physical symptoms, mutuality and feelings of closeness between caregiver and patient. Continued maintenance of home care was assessed by a follow-up telephone call.

RESULTS
Caregivers were mainly spouses (67%) and female (73%), and the mean duration of care was 5.5 years. In five activities of daily living (ADL) 50-69% of the patients needed full help. Caregivers reported predominantly negative effects of caregiving on their physical and mental health, rest and sleep, leisure time and social life, problems with patients' symptoms and behaviours and little or no conversing (51%) or exchanging feelings with patients (71%). PREDICTIVE MODELS: Contributors to variance were for burden (35%), impact of care on caregivers' mental health, social relations and leisure time, patients' gender, accumulation of patients' symptoms and behaviours; for caregivers' tolerance toward patients' symptoms and behaviours (17%) caregivers' physical health, patients' level of confusion, feelings of mutuality; for mutuality (22%) and for closeness (19%) caregivers' mental health, patients' accumulation of symptoms and behaviours. Within 23 months 19% of the patients had been institutionalized. Factors giving a higher likelihood of institutionalization were: being male, caregiver was not a partner, and less closeness between caregiver and patient.

CONCLUSION
Caregiving of older persons has bio-psychosocial ramifications for caregivers. Closeness between caregiver and patient seems to be a key factor in determination of the long-term outcome.


As an outgrowth of the developmental and systemic trends characterizing career counseling in recent years, the role of the family has been highlighted. Nonetheless, inadequate attention has been given to incorporating family members in the career counseling setting with adult clients. This article explores a career counseling paradigm that takes into account the couple dynamics active in the adult's career choice process. Unique elements of the conjoint model, such as couple career assessment, along with directions for further study, are offered.


Anti-forensic methods have become a deterrent to law enforcement agencies around the world as they seek to prosecute those individuals involved in cybercrimes. These methods and techniques contribute to complicating the process of investigation. This can result in the delay of evidence acquisition and compromise the integrity of the evidence. With the rise in the use of anti-forensic methods, investigators need to work continuously to stay ahead of the rising trend in internet crimes. The following work investigates some of these anti-forensic methods and seeks to summarize some of the countermeasures that can be employed by law enforcement agencies.


Xenotransplantation is defined as the transplantation of organs, tissues or cells from one animal species into another. In human, It is defined as any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation or infusion into a human recipient of either live cells, tissues or organs from a nonhuman animal source or human body, fluid, cells, tissues or organs that have ex vivo contact with live nonhuman animal cells, tissues or organs. It does not include the use of dead tissues.


This paper attempts to interpret the thought of "small country with few inhabitants" from a dual perspective.On the first hand,it is a model of governance based upon convention.On the other hand,it represents an ideal human society in the state of nature.As a model of governance,"small country with few Inhabitants" has been developed till today,and can be coupled by the republican constitutional liberty.It is the doctrine that well matches Taoism social ideal of natural inactivity.


Incorporating inherently safer design (ISD) into a process safety program can benefit a site's overall process safety program. However, ISD solutions are rarely capable of being implemented without consideration of various tradeoffs associated with other critical operating factors at a plant. Critics have often accused companies of failing to implement ISD solely on the basis of cost, often neglecting other factors that must be accounted for in the decision. Multiattribute decisions are difficult to resolve, but there are tools available to assist the decision maker. One such tool that can be applied to provide insight into the implementation of ISD solutions is multiattribute utility theory (MAUT). MAUT is a structured approach that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of competing solutions for a problem with multiple objectives. In this article, the concept of MAUT will be explained. Then MAUT analysis will be applied to three case studies where investigators have recommended incorporating ISD or technology into a process. Using MAUT analysis, the benefit of the proposed design change will be evaluated in a systematic, semiquantitative methodology that will demonstrate how the tools can help facility personnel understand and characterize the benefits of ISD. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Process Saf Prog 38:e12022, 2019


The approaches for monitoring environment quality can be classified in two different categories : (1) the detection and/or quantification of stressors in both physical and biological compartments of the ecosystems (physicochemical approach), and (2) the evaluation of exposure of living organisms and subsequent effects at the individual, population and/or community levels (biological approach). Indices have been defined for both approaches. Threshold levels for pH, temperature, conductivity, oxidizable matter content, oxygen saturation, nitrogen, phosphorus and ion concentrations, organic contaminant and metal levels are used as physico-chemical indices to assess the quality of aquatic environments and water resources. Similarly, biological indicators have been developed to evaluate the impact of environmental stress on aquatic organisms at various levels of biological organisation. Among these biological indicators, biomarkers are used as tools to assess molecular, biochemical, cellular, physiological or behavioural changes that may reveal exposure of organisms to environmental chemicals. In some cases, biomarkers are able to indicate that chemicals specifically affect metabolic pathways or physiological functions in exposed individuals. Therefore, biomarkers can be used as both diagnostic and predictive tools. A number of case-studies demonstrated that biomarkers are useful tools to detect the presence of xenobiotics in living organisms and to diagnose individual health. However, interference with natural environmental factors or endogenous parameters may complicate the interpretation of biomarker responses, and sampling and measurement procedures must be properly designed and accurately followed. A more recent and fairly promising way to use biomarkers is based on mechanistic links that can be established between effects revealed in individuals and subsequent changes in populations and communities. Though rarely applied to natural ecosystems, the use of such an approach should be able to predict the effects of stress on populations and/or communities from measurements of biomarkers in individuals of selected species sampled in the field.


Semi-batch processes for strongly exothermic chemical reactions are, in principle, inherently safer than batch processes. This is most evident if they are operated under feed rate limited conditions. This paper shows how a combination of isothermal and adiabatic calorimetry can be used to extend the DIERS vent sizing methodology to apply to semi-batch operations. "Vapour pressure" and "gassy" systems are considered when the reaction rate is either kinetically controlled or feed-rate controlled.


In this research, 9 species of local and introduced fishes of the Zayandehroud River in Esfahan province (in the Sarmatian region belonging to the large paleoarctic fauna) in 6 seasons (winter 2003, spring, summer, autumn and winter 2004 and summer 2005) were parasitologically studied. The local fishes included alburnoides bipunctatus, Alburnus maculatus, Aphanius vladykovi, Capoeta aculeata & Capoeta damascina & the introduced fishes included Aristichthys nobilis, Carassius auratus, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Cyprinus carpio. Upon being hunted, the fishes were transferred alive to Esfahan Aquatics Breeding Center and physiologically studied after the determination of their species and genus by identification keys Berg (30), Coad (31), Saadati (51), Abdoli (20) and Holchic (38). 32 species of parasites were totally identified as follows: 6 Protozoan species including Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, 5 Trichodina species, 2 Myxobolus species including Myxobolus cristatus & Myxobolus saidovi, 16 monogenea species including Dactylogyrus alatus. D. anchorutus, D. baueri, D. chalcalburni, D. chramuli, D. extensus, D. gracilis, D. lamellatus, D. lenkorani and D. pukher, 4 Dactylogyrus spp. 2 Gyrodactylus species, 1 species of Digenea, Diplostomum spthaceum, 4 species of Cestoda including Bothriocephallus gowkongensis, khawia armeniaca, Ligulaintestinalis. Caryophyllaeus sp. 1 Acanthocephala: Acanthocephalo rhynchoides cholodkowsky, 2 species of the crustaceans including the mature & copepodian stages of Lernaea cyprinacea & 1 sp of the genus Lamproglena. Out of all the 166 pcs of the fishes hunted in this research, 127 fishes (76.5%) were infected, and 39 fishes (23.50%) were not infected. In the fishes studied, having 14 of 32 species of the parasites identified, Capoeta aculeata displayed the most variety of infection, and having only 1 sp of the parasites. Aristichthys nobilis displayed the least variety of infection. The new findings of the research will follow: Myxobolus saidovi sp is reported for the 1st time from Iran's fresh water fishes, Alburnus maculatus and Capoeta aculeata are new hosts for M. saidovi and M. cristatus, respectively. Regarding monogenea Capoeta damascina & C. aculeata were reported as the new hosts for parasite D. pukher. The presence of D. pukher the infection of Capoeta aculeata with D. chramuli, D. lenkorani and D. gracilis in the Zayandehroud river were the 1st report. Regarding the Cestodea, Bothriocephalus gowkongensis was reported to be hosted by Aphanius Vladykovi for the 1St time in Iran.


Abstract : Tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) activity was measured in rat liver to determine the extent to which thermal and/or irradiation injury resulted in induction of TAT synthesis and to determine the relationship between the severity of injury and the extent of TAT induction. Flash burns elicited increased TAT activity in the liver, and the extent of induction was related to the severity of burn injury. Thermal injuries to the skin alone resulted in a detectable increase in TAT activity in about 30 percent of the animals, while deeper burns resulted in a uniform induction in all animals. The highest TAT activity occurred in the livers of animals just prior to death from thermal injuries. Irradiation alone did not lead to a detectable increase in TAT activity but resulted in a 'superinduction' effect in animals exposed to skin burns. The latter was considered to result from interference with repressor formation due to genetic damage, resulting in uncontrolled TAT synthesis. (Author)


The kinetics of encounter-controlled processes in growing domains is expected to change drastically with respect to the case of a static domain. Here, we consider the specific example of diffusion limited coalescence/annihilation reactions in one-dimensional space. In the static case, such reactions are among the few systems amenable to exact solution, which is obtained by means of a well-known method of intervals. In the case of a uniformly growing domain, we show that a double transformation in time and space allows one to extend this method to compute the main quantities characterizing the spatial and temporal behavior. We show that a sufficiently fast domain growth brings about drastic changes in the behavior. In this case, the reactions stop prematurely, as a result of which the survival probability of the reacting particles tends to a finite value at long times and their spatial distribution freezes before reaching the fully self-ordered state, a behavior reminiscent of the well-known freeze-out scenario displayed by the early universe in the context of cosmology. We obtain exact results for the survival probability and for key properties characterizing the degree of self-ordering induced by the chemical reactions, i.e., the interparticle distribution function and the pair correlation function. These results are confirmed by numerical simulations.


The technology of the unified electric-bag composite dust-collector,and its application for the redevelopment in 200 MW are introduced,some propositions regarding the design,operation and maintenauce etc.are made.


Cyclic plasticity behavior and ratcheting-fatigue interaction of 15CrMoR at 20 ℃,200 ℃,300 ℃ and 400 ℃ were experimentally studied. According to the result of the experiments of cyclic plasticity within the fatigue life at different temperature,the ratcheting strain rate keeps stable for a long period of the asymmetrical cyclic loading,but increases rapidly near the final failure. At different temperature,ratcheting strain grew with the increase of the mean stress or the stress amplitude. Low cycle fatigue life was influenced by both the mean stress and the stress amplitude,but more by the latter. The prediction of the fatigue life by the MSRS model is more accurate at different temperature compared with the Coffin-Manson model and the modified Morrow model. The MSRS model with the temperature parameter will be more convenient in calculating the fatigue life at different temperature.


Infertility problem is an important issue in recent decades. Semen analysis is one of the principle tasks to evaluate male partner fertility potential. It has been seen in many researches that life habits and health status affect semen quality. Data mining as a decision support system can help to recognize this effect. The artificial neural network (ANN) is a powerful data mining tool that can be used for this goal. The performance of ANN depends heavily on network structure. It is a very difficult task to determine the appropriate structure and is a discussable matter. This paper utilizes a genetic algorithm to optimize the structure of artificial neural network to classify the semen samples. These samples usually suffer from unbalancing problem. Thus, this paper attempts to resolve it by using the bootstrap method. The performance of the proposed algorithm is significantly better than the previous works. We achieve accuracy equal to 93.86% in our experiments on a real fertility diagnosis dataset that is a good improvement compared with other classification methods.


ABSTRACT The open, orderly, and well-organized capital market mechanism has made more conducive environment for investors to make realistic decisions. The capital market is the most effective media to distribute and to invest fund which gives productive impact and benefit to the investors. The company can obtain from various sources of funding in the form of owner capital, company profit, loan, retained earnings and the sale of stock for investors. This research is meant to examine the partial influence of inflation rate, interest rate and exchange rate to the stock price. This research is a quantitative research which has been done by using descriptive statistic method and the sample collection technique has been done by using purposive sampling. The data is the secondary data with the total samples of 9 Banking companies which are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Meanwhile, the analysis technique has been carried out by using multiple linear regressions analysis. Based on the result of model feasibility test, it has been found that inflation rate, interest rate, and exchange rate give significant influence to the stock price. The result of the t test shows that inflation rate, interest rate, and exchange rate give positive and significant influence to the stock price. Keywords: Inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate and stock price.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: In the Medicare Advantage (MA) program, private plans receive capitated payments that are adjusted based on their enrollees' number and type of clinical conditions. Plans have the ability to review charts to identify additional conditions that are not present in claims data, thereby increasing risk-adjusted payments. Recently the Government Accountability Office released a report raising concerns about the use of these chart reviews as a potential tool for upcoding. Objectives: To measure the extent to which plans receive additional payments for chart reviews, and the variation in chart reviews across plans. Research Design: In this cross-sectional study we use 2015 MA Encounter data to calculate how many additional diagnoses codes were added for each enrollee using chart reviews. We then calculate how these additional diagnosis codes translate to additional reimbursements across plans. Subjects: A total of 14,021,692 beneficiaries enrolled in 510 MA contracts in 2015. Measures: Individual and contract level hierarchical condition category codes, total plan reimbursement. Results: Chart reviews were associated with a $2.3 billion increase in payments to plans, a 3.7% increase in Medicare spending to MA plans. Just 10% of plans accounted for 42% of the $2.3 billion in additional spending attributed to chart review. Among these plans, the relative increase in risk score from chart review was 17.2%. For-profit plans engaged in chart reviews substantially more frequently than nonprofit plans. Conclusions: Given the substantial and highly variable increase in payments attributable to chart review, further investigation of the validity of this practice and its implications for Medicare spending is needed.


unprinted, for the period with which he deals. And yet, if he had checked up his informants by means of this written material, he would have found that many of their statements were inaccurate, and he would probably have found that whatever was accurate was already to be found in print or manuscript. Mr. Smith has not written an account of the pioneers of Old Ontario: he has merely reported the fallacious and unreliable reminiscences of a number of them in different parts of the country; and the more reliable sources of information he has left severely alone. The reporter, however, has a place in the economy of things. Such as it is, Mr. Smith has done a service in preserving the material he has gathered. Especially in regard to social history, his book should be of real .value to some future historian of the province; and no doubt there will be many who will take as much pleasure in reading these reminiscences of the pioneers as they would in listening to them. But good journalism does not always make good history. W. S. WALLACE


Thermoactinomyces vulgaris R-47 α-amylases, TVA I and TVA II, have a domain N, which is an extra structure in the family 13 enzymes. To investigate the roles of domain N in TVAs, we constructed TVAs-ΔN mutants which are deleted in domain N, and Y14, 16, 68A and Y41, 82, 95A mutants of TVA II. TVAs-ΔN were unstable under alkaline conditions, and their thermal stabilities were 10°C lower than that of wild-types. The specific activities of TVAs-ΔN for pullulan, starch, cyclodextrins, and oligosaccharides were drastically decreased, being about 1,500- to 10,000-fold smaller than those of wild-types. The kcat values of Y14, 16, 68A and Y41, 82, 95A for all tested substrates were markedly decreased, and the Km value of Y14, 16, 68A for α-CD and maltotriose were 25- and 3-fold larger, and that of Y41, 82, 92A for starch was 10-fold larger than that of the wild-type. TVA I and TVAs-ΔN in solution are a monomer, while TVA II is a homo-dimer, calculated by their molecular masses. These results suggest domain N in TVAs is an important structure for stabilization of enzymes, recognition and hydrolysis of substartes, and dimerization of TVA II.


lupuserythematosus (SLE)pre- dominantly affects youngwomenintheir 20s. In40outof250(16%) patients withSLEseen inourhospital disease onset occurred after theageof50.Theinterval between thetimeof onsetanddiagnosis wasfive years inthis older group compared withthree years inthe younger group. Arthritis, asafirst symptom, waslesscommonintheolder onset group. During thefoilow upalower incidence of arthritis, malarrash, photosensitivity , and nephropathy wasfoundintheolder onset group. Incontrast, thisgroupshowedan increased incidence ofmyositis. Hightitres of anti-dsDNA tended tooccurless often and theincidence ofanti-Ro antibodies waslower intheolder onset group. Thesefeatures seem todistinguish patients witholder onset SLE asaparticular subset.


Abstract
Sixteen patients with advanced carcinoma of the bladder were treated by infusion of immunized pig lymphocytes into the arterial blood supply of the tumour. Seven patients obtained definite benefit as assessed clinically and pathologically.


An ideal numerical experimental model of the general circulation of the atmosphere is constructed with simple considerations of the radiation, turbulence exchange and condensation heatings and orographic effect. The effects of ocean and continent are presented by giving the earth's surface temperature. The derived ordinary differential equations are numerically integrated on electronic computer by Runge-Kutta method.Starting with an atmosphere in rest, the basic current is established by the effects of non-adiabatic heatings in 40 days.The basic current has the annual variation under the influences of solar radiation, earth's surface temperature and condensation heatings, all with an annual period. The amplitudes of disturbances decrease in summer, and increase in winter. The seasonal variation of earth's surface temperature controls the movements of ultra-long waves. The cold troughs are situated at the east of oceans in summer, and at the east of continents in winter.Finally, we find in the numerical experiment that the influence of initial values may last for about 100 days.


Background. COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus was assigned as a pandemic by WHO. Fever, breathlessness, cough and expectoration indicates lung involvement in the form of pneumonia and its most common complications are pulmonary fibrosis, chronic respiratory failure and reduced quality of life. Incentive spirometry is the relevant therapy to enhance the normal lung function and improve quality of life. Aim. To find the effect of incentive spirometry on pulmonary function test in post COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Methodology. An experimental study with simple random sampling (lottery method) of 24 patients in age group (18-68 years). The participants were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A received pharmacotherapy and incentive spirometry and Group B received only pharmacotherapy. Computerized spirometry and Diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was used as diagnostic tool to measure pre & post test values for both groups. Intervention was given for 4 weeks and after 4 weeks, to analyze the spirometry values post-test was taken for both groups. Outcome measures. Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC &DLCO. Results. Statistical analysis shows significant improvement (p < 0.05) between pretest and post test values on Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) in both Group A&B whereas there was increase in the improvement in intervention group than control group. Conclusion. Incentive spirometry improved the lung volume and capacities on PFT in post COVID-19 pneumonia patients and also these patients have mainly restrictive lung pattern by the use of DLCO.


Abstract Insight of man-machine interfaces during mining machine operations, better co-ordinance with human efficiencies and suitable workload selection in underground mining machine operation are the main viewpoints of the study. Total 12 side discharge loader (SDL) and load haul dumper (LHD) operators [N = 12] have been taken as participants of the study. The methodology is divided into two parts first part is devoted to measuring and analyzing workload response of machine operation with polar heart rate monitor. Machine operator's heart rate ratio (HR ratio) for the whole shift is recorded and metabolic rate (MR) has been analyzed. Additionally, fatigue sustainability (FS) and degradation of muscle force (MF) are recorded for each work cycles up to exposure time period (ETP) of 360 minutes. In the second part of the methodology, based on the HR ratio recorded during the mining operation, a workload simulation study is undertaken on a treadmill at the surface following BRUCE protocol. At treadmill, based on HR ratio, workload achieved from mines along with three different workloads i.e. low, moderate and high has been tested. Differences in FS and degradation rate of MF after each workload experiment have been recorded. A result from the underground operational study shows that there is about 43.2% and 32.4% of decreasing MF for SDL and LHD operators after end of spells at mines. Additionally, a negative correlation (r = −0.99) is found between ETP and MF. The workload simulation study shows that there are significant differences between FS (p < 0.05) and MF (p < 0.05) data of mining and treadmill experiment with the same workload. In comparison to an underground operation, FS rate of low, moderate and high workload is recorded 60%, 35%, and 15% higher respectively than of mine workload. Higher FS rate may achieve due to availability of good environment. Among the tested workload only low kind of workload is found suitable for mining machinery job as degradation of MF is found significantly (p < 0.05) low and FS is found significantly (p < 0.01) high in this kind of workload. Therefore, it can be concluded that in mining machinery operation better to adopt low workload for effective utilization of man shift (EUMS) as it gives comparatively low MF degradation and better FS during continuous work.


colours in particular are subjective; I make no assumption that my arguments generalise across the traditional class of secondary qualities. Defenders of versions of the subjectivity thesis are agreed at least on what they oppose, namely science-driven theories of colour such as those defended by Armstrong or Smart. This suggests one way of approaching the thesis: first outline a plausible physicalist account of colour, then use this account as an object of comparison in order to throw into sharper relief the distinctive claims of subjectivist theories. Pursuing this strategy, I will begin by sketching what seems the most promising line for a physicalist to take about colours. As a preliminary, we need to take aboard a few facts about the physiology of colour vision (for a competent scientific realism must surely be based on realistic science).


Polyvinyl alcohol fiber (vinylon fiber) was mixed with cementing material (cement, fly ash and volatilized silica), milled and dispersed for 40 minutes through ball-miller, and then mixed with fine aggregate (quartz sand) to get motar. The properties of motar were discussed according to relative standards of motar. The results show that the tensile strength and bending strength of motar with ball-milled fiber increase distinctively, especially for tensile strength with age (increased 40.8% for 90 d) while fluidity and compressive strength of the motar has a little change. So the cement with milled fiber can increase mechanics properties and has little effect on operation properties. SEM shows that milled fiber's surface become rough, so as to improve the grasp ability. The research hopes to provide a new method for fibers to mix in cement-matrix material. Fiberwould be mixed in milling process of cement manufacture and a kind of fiber-cement would be produced.


As one of the most important renewable energy, hydropower is often asked to satisfy the load demand of power system at peak periods. Thus, the optimal operation of hydropower system is modelled to minimize the standard deviation of the residual load series obtained by subtracting the total power outputs of all the involved hydropower plants from the original load curve. Hence, this paper develops an improved grey wolf optimizer (IGWO) to effectively address the complex constrained optimization problem. In the proposed method, the quasi-oppositional learning is used to enhance the convergence rate of the swarm; the elite mutation operator is used to increase the probability of escaping from local optima; the elastic-ball strategy and heuristic constraint handling method are used to help infeasible individuals rebound to feasible space. Numerical experiments of 12 classical test functions demonstrate the feasibility of the IGWO method in the global optimization problems. Then, the developed method is applied to solve the optimal operation of two cascade hydropower systems. The results indicate that the proposed method outperforms several traditional methods in smoothing the peak loads of power system. To sum up, an effective solution tool is provided for the hydropower system operation optimization problem.


It is a obvious direction that we muse use land from the extensive cultivation to intensive utilization according to the government policy of strict coutro1 of the building land use . The development of economy in Jiamusi is fast and with short building land but the village residential area is too enough and wasteful.So,it is essential and necessitous to readjust the village residential area .I hope a good infection.


Given $E_0, E_1, E, F$ rearrangement invariant spaces, $a, b, b_0, b_1$ slowly varying functions and $0\leq \theta_0<\theta_1\leq 1$, we characterize the interpolation space $$(\overline{X}_{\theta_0,b_0,E_0}, \overline{X}^{\mathcal R}_{\theta_1, b_1,E_1,a,F})_{\theta,b,E} \quad \text{and} \quad (\overline{X}^{\mathcal L}_{\theta_0, b_0,E_0,a,F}, \overline{X}_{\theta_1,b_1,E_1})_{\theta,b,E},$$ for all possible values of $\theta\in[0,1]$. Applications to interpolation identities for grand and small Lebesgue spaces, Gamma spaces and $A$ and $B$-type spaces are given.


The CPPCC proposals aim at reporting public comments and suggestions to the CPC and the Government,for them to take as reference in decision making process and to get the problems resolved.Based on analysis on 70 cases,the writer defined the concept of discourse power of the CPPCC proposals and its key elements,and considered such discourse power as the key factors for the proposals to be included into the agenda of the CPC and the Government's decision.By referring to local situation in his own province,the writer analyzed the issues of lacking representativeness in proposals,responsiveness in processing,and restrictions in results evaluation,and made suggestions on how to enhance the discourse power of the proposals.


Dynamic maps, often in the form of web-maps, are becoming increasingly popular. This article discusses software architectures and individual components to meet the demands of the most ambitious dynamic maps. We argue that dynamic maps with sensible information over a large scale-range, and with large geographical coverage should be supported by networked geographical databases maintained by different organizations. We also present our experience from building an experimental network of geographical databases to support on-the-fly generation of maps.


The application of evolutionary game theory can clearly reveal the game process and characteristics of enterprise cooperative competition behavior in value network model.The research result shows that a local evolutionary stable strategy exists in the evolutionary game procedure of the enterprise cooperative competition in the value network.The evolutionary game procedure is influenced by the initial state,the system development stage,and the interest allocation mechanism.


Pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of KGM super absorbent resin on wheat seed germination.The result showed that two styles such as 4.5‰ pellet added in styles or 20% colloid added in styles increased seed germination,leaf blade water content and soil water content of wheat in loam.It was helpful in gathering and storing water for KGM super absorbent resin could avoid the water from running off.


Percutaneous EVAR (PEVAR) is gaining popularity worldwide. Our aim is to identify whether PEVAR is cost effective compared to open access.

 We retrospectively identified patients undergoing EVAR for unruptured AAA over a 4-year period (April 2014- December 2018). Demographic, procedural, and financial data were collected. Exclusion criteria were complex EVARs and EVARs with planned adjunct procedures. Outcome measures were length of stay (LOS), number of Perclose devices used, number of failures, need for adjuncts, theatre time used, and total cost of each.

 318 patients (88.4% male) underwent EVAR between January 2015 and October 2018, average age 76.9 years and median maximal aortic diameter 60mm. 61 EVARs were planned for open access, and a sample of the latest 92 consecutive PEVARs were selected to prevent bias. The median LOS following PEVAR was 1 day less (2 vs 3 days). Mean Proglides used were 5. 2.7% of devices failed, and no surgical cut-down was required in this cohort. Mean theatre time used for PEVAR was 179 minutes vs 213 minutes for open access. All considered, PEVARs cost £124 less.

 PEVAR is associated with a shorter length of hospital stay and is more cost effective than open access.


in this work, a method for detection of Norovirus in food and environmental samples is described. From surfaces, Norovirus was recovered by swabbing and subsequent RNA extraction using a commercial extraction kit. From food samples, recovery of virus was accomplished by rinsing followed by ultrafiltration and RNA extraction. For reverse transcription and PCR, a one-tube-RT-PCR system was used in combination with published primer systems. For enumeration of virus particles, a most probable number assay was applied, which allows the calculation of PCR-units Norovirus RNA. Virus recovery was 3 PCR-units from glass and paper surfaces. The method was applied in routine diagnostics to detect a possible virus contamination in food and environmental samples when human cases occurred. In 2003 and 2004, in 25 from a total of 461 food and environmental samples Norovirus RNA sequences were detected. The same Norovirus clusters, which were detected in food samples, occurred in human samples.


Resurgent Antisemitism: Global Perspectives, by Alvin Rosenfeld, ed., Indiana University Press, 2013, 561 pp.Reviewed by Catherine D. ChatterleyToday, more than sixty years after the destruction of European Jewry, antisemitism is a globalized phenomenon and one that appears to be evolving on a number of fronts. Jew-hatred has a millennial history and is one of humanity's most complex imaginative systems. Nonetheless, antisemitism remains a subject that is underresearched in serious scholarly circles and that is understudied on our university campuses.Alvin Rosenfeld's collection of essays, Resurgent Antisemitism: Global Perspectives is the first book in a series on the subject to be published by Indiana University Press. The book also makes apioneeringcontribution to the burgeoning field of Antisemitism Studies. Composed of nineteen separate essays, the text as a whole identifies antisemitism as a transnational phenomenon, a serious global problem that connects people across cultures and continents. Many of the essays are indispensable to an understanding of contemporary antisemitism and of how these new manifestations are informed and driven by classical themes.To give readers a sense of the wide range of subject matter covered in this collection, the authors can be grouped as follows: Bernard Harrison and Elhanan Yakira provide philosophical-analytical reflections on the relationship between anti-Zionism and antisemitism; Alejandro Baer, Zvi Gitelman, Szilvia Peremiczky, and Anna Sommer Schneider address the burdensome weight and contested influence of historical antisemitism on contemporary Spain, post-Soviet Europe, Hungary, Romania, and Poland, respectively; Emanuele Ottolenghi and lian Avisar analyze the thorny subject of Jewish participation in anti-Zionist politics; Bruno Chaouat, Paul Bogdanor, and Eirik Eiglad cover the debates about the waning of post-Holocaust taboos and a resurfacing of antisemitism in western Europe; in an attempt to understand the roots of Islamized antisemitism Robert Wistrich, Matthias Kuntzel; Jamsheed K. Choksy, Rifat Bali, and Gunther Jikeli uncover past relationships between Muslim religious and jihadist movements and the influence of western fascist and communist ideologies on each of them; Dina Porat and Alvin Rosenfeld focus attention on the complex and disturbing relationship between the Holocaust and contemporary forms of antisemitism; and, finally, Tammi Rossman-Benjamin theorizes on the relationship between Ethnic Studies and antisemitism at San Francisco State University.Due to space constraints, this review will focus attention on only several of this collection's outstanding contributions.For readers interested in the dynamic of continuity between classical antisemitism and its new variations, Alejandro Baer's work on Spain stands out as a profoundly important commentary on the uniquely persistent andobsessive nature of antisemitism and its roots in the European religious imagination. In an essay entitled, "Between Old and New Antisemitism: The Image of Jews in Present-Day Spain," Baer argues that the negative religious caricature of Jews remains "firmly anchored" in Spanish cultural memory through language, literature, and popular tradition, despite the expulsion of Jews from the Iberian Peninsula in 1492. The figure of "The Jew" haunted Spanish discourse through the nineteenth century, and themes of alleged Jewish criminality and conspiracy suffused nationalist propaganda during the Civil War (1936-1939) and under Francos dictatorship, which ended in 1975. Biological racism did not operate under Francoist fascism in the same way or to the same degree that it operated under Nazism. Baer notes the strange dichotomized attitude toward Jews under Franco where the regime maintained a traditional hatred of Jews and Judaism and ignored the Holocaust after the war, while at the same time boasted about having saved Jews. Sephardic Jews were allowed into Spain in the 1950s and 1960s, and synagogues were even established, though Spain did not recognize Israel until 1986, making it the last European country to take this step. …


Adaptive  Dynamics (AD) is a mathematical framework for the study of phenotypic evolution driven by selection in the ecological context [1,2,3]. Its main innovative feature is the formalization of evolutionary branching, that is, the sympatric divergence of two morphs under disruptive selection from a single phenotype. Subsequent evolutionary branching events are thus responsible for the increase of polymorphism in the community and, possibly, sympatric speciation. The mathematical conditions for evolutionary branching were introduced in the late Nineties [4,5], but the formalization of critical branching events has only recently been developed [6,7]. Moreover, such critical condition triggering evolutionary branching has been systematically used to study the evolution of polymorphism in prey-predator communities [8], in bioeconomic models of fisheries [9], and social systems [10,11]. Current work is addressing the emergence of sympatric diversity in life-history strategies and its role in the emergence of intransitive competitive interactions, as well as the concurrent evolution of dispersal and self-fertilization in plant communities.


Abstract William Shakespeare's renowned tragedy Hamlet has ascertained itself as a touchstone for students and scholars of English literature. Extrapolating on this play, T.S. Eliot once remarked that, it is the Mona Lisa of Renaissance literature. Like Da Vinci's painting, Hamlet (the play or the man) is a faulty or flawed work of art. Foregrounding such a literary hypothesis in mind, the present article attempts to clarify that the play's fault, as claimed by Eliot, is not uprooted in the modern rules of decorum, construction or a reproach against image of a psychic or unaesthetic antagonist, but it is, we believe, in the postmodern concept of Differance which has been so influential in the assessment of literature and its values - simply articulated as the dualistic chemistry of objectifying a subjective emotion. The term Differance as a pre-postmodern quality implanted in this play, now seem to have been anachronic for the literary context of the second half of the Renaissance period. However this provides a background for Derridian term Differance which calls upon the innovative perception that differs the common perception about Hamlet. Key words: Hamlet; Flaw; Impersonalize; Dualism; Differance Resume Le fameux tragedie de Hamlet de William Shakespeare est constate lui-meme comme une pierre de touche pour les etudiants et les universitaires de la litterature anglaise. En extrapolant sur ce jeu, Eliot T.S. a deja fait remarquer que, c'est la Mona Lisa de la litterature de la Renaissance. Comme la peinture de Leonard de Vinci, Le Hamlet (le jeu ou l'homme) est un travail defectueux ou imparfait de l'art. En mettant en avant une telle hypothese litteraire a l'esprit, le present article tente de clarifier que la faute de la piece, selon Eliot, n'est pas deracines dans les regles modernes de la bienseance, la construction ou un reproche a l'image d'un antagoniste psychique ou inesthetique, mais il est , nous croyons, dans le concept postmoderne de la differance qui a eu une telle influence dans l'evaluation de la litterature et de ses valeurs, vous n'avez qu'a articule que la chimie dualiste d'objectiver une emotion subjective. La differance terme comme une qualite pre-post-moderne implante dans cette piece, semblent maintenant avoir ete anachronique dans le contexte litteraire de la seconde moitie de la periode de la Renaissance. Cependant, cette offre un arriere-plan pour differance derrithenne terme qui fait appel a la perception novatrice qui differe de la perception commune a propos de Hamlet. Mots Cles: Hamlet; Defauts; Impersonalize; Dualisme; Differance INTRODUCTION The present study starts with introducing the famous belittling criticism of Thomas Sterns Eliot's on Hamlet, which is then followed by presenting and applying the manifestation of Derredian Differance on Shakespeare's touchstone Hamlet. Scholars, however, have so far not been able to try their hands in drawing a manifestation of the terms, differance on Hamlet the play or the man. Highlighting such a hypothesis in mind, in this article the application of the term differance on Shakespeare's Hamlet is undertaken to be examined. We therefore start analyzing the play to foreground the possible traces of Derredian concept of dualisms, deviations, and simultaneous encounter of concepts taking into consideration Shklovsky's defamilirization. The article ends, conclusively, by briefly speculating on the reasons for the above phenomenon, and the extracts cited in the main body of the article serve mainly to contextualize and support such a manifestation. DISCUSSION Commenting on Shakespeare's Hamlet TS. Eliot casually stated that "more people have thought Hamlet a work of art because they found it interesting, than have found it interesting because it is a work of art. It is the 'Mona Lisa' of Renaissance literature" (1974, p. 47). Like Da Vinci's painting, Shakespeare's Hamlet, in Eliot's belittling canon, is a fascinating literary piece, but, like the famous painting, a pitfall or flawed work of art. …


We investigate a practical semi-autonomous power distribution line maintenance robot system which performs job with task level directions that are, for examples, "Install a switch gear", "Remove the high voltage insulator", "Peel the coating off a cable", and so on. The maintenance tasks are now done by human operators above electric poles


The current existing multimedia services have been achieved mainly by fixed internet networks. The 4th Generation (4G) wireless mobile multimedia internet networks integrate with IPv6, LAS-CDMA, OFDM, MC-CDMA, UWB, Networks-LMDS and fixed internet networks to support mobile multimedia services as the same quality of service as fixed internet, which is an evolution not only to move beyond the limitations and problems of 3G, but also to enhance the quality of services, to increase the bandwidth and to reduce the cost of the resource. The 5th wireless mobile multimedia internet networks are real wireless world, which are completed wireless communication without limitation. In this paper, we propose Multi-network data path for 5G real wireless multimedia world.