Recently, Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), or Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) have become a promising
methodology to deal with nonlinear and nonstationary time series [1,2]. This corresponds to a data-driven method with
very local ability, both in physical and spectral space [3]. In this work, we propose an extended version of Hilbert spectral
analysis, namely arbitrary order Hilbert spectral analysis, to characterize the scale invariant properties in spectral space
directly.
The most innovative part of the Hilbert-Huang transform is the Empirical Mode Decomposition, which can separate the
original time series into several Intrinsic Mode Functions, called IMF. The starting point of EMD is to consider the time
series from real word as multi-component signal. The corresponding characteristic scale is defined as the distance
between two successive maxima points (resp. minima points). The intrinsic mode function is proposed to approximate
the mono-component signal, which satisfies the following two conditions : (i) the difference between the number of local
extrema and the number of zero-crossings must be zero or one ; (ii) the running mean value of the envelope defined by
the local maxima and the envelope defined by the local minima is zero [1,2]. Then the empirical mode decomposition
algorithm is proposed to extract IMF modes from a given time series [1,2,16].


The prefabricated construction is widely used because of it has short construction period and can be produced automatic. It has become one of the research focuses of scholars domestic and overseas that how to connect the prefabricate components in the structure to ensure the stability of the whole structure and mechanical behavior. The connection forms of beam and column are overviewed, including the dapped-end connection, the corbel connection, the weld connection, the cast-in-situ monolithic connection, the ductile rod connection, and the pre-stressed fabricated connection. Finally, the problems needed to be further study in the future are discussed.


The systemic inflammatory response is a challenge in the management of paediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Although multi‐factorial, a contribution by the lectin pathway of complement activation has been postulated. We therefore investigated the changes in serum levels of mannose binding lectin (MBL) and activities of MBL–MBL‐associated serine protease (MASP)‐1 and MBL–MASP‐2 complexes immediately before and during surgery, throughout the first postoperative day and at discharge from the hospital. These changes were analysed in relation to postoperative complications. Blood samples were obtained from 185 children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical correction with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass: preoperatively (MBL‐1), 15 min after initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (MBL‐E), 30 min (MBL‐2), 4 h (MBL‐3), 12 h (MBL‐4) and 24 h (MBL‐5) post‐CPB and at discharge from hospital (MBL‐K). Alterations in serum MBL levels were calculated as a ratio of its serum level at subsequent time‐points (MBL‐2, ‐3, ‐4, ‐5) to the preoperative (MBL‐1) value. Decreases in MBL and MBL–MASP complexes were observed in all samples, correlating with a decrease in C4 and increase in C4a, confirming activation of the lectin pathway. Changes in MBL levels between children with an uncomplicated postoperative course and those suffering from infection or low cardiac output syndrome did not differ significantly, but significant differences were observed between the SIRS and non‐SIRS groups. Paediatric cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass activates the complement system via the lectin pathway and the latter contributes to the development of the post‐bypass systemic inflammatory response.


The present invention relates to: an aluminum compound represented by R 3 Al · L (wherein each R independently comprises a linear or branched C 3-8 alkyl group; and L comprises a selection from the group consisting of a linear or cyclic ether and a linear or cyclic amine); an aluminum-containing film composition comprising the same; and a method for forming the aluminum-containing film using the same. The present invention provides an aluminum compound and a composition for forming an aluminum-containing film which are easy to store and transport due to increased heat-stability.


The introduction develops a framework for analysing demands for change put forward towards contemporary world orders by both rising power and NGOs. It identifies two significant changes in world politics over the last two decades: the rise of new powers, and the rise of international authority. Against this backdrop, we present the conceptual tools to allow for comparisons in demands across actors and issue areas. In these ways, we aim at contributing to core debates in international politics: What kind of challenge to world order do rising powers represent? Do they constitute a coherent group in international politics? Do their demands have a systemic nature, or do we observe variance over different policy fields and forms of international institutions? Do rising powers' and transnational NGOs' demands intersect or diverge?


Our lives have become intertwined with social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, etc. They provide us with a platform to express our opinions and share our thoughts with the world. However, some individuals abuse the freedom of expression afforded to them by these platforms and utilize them to disseminate content that is derogatory and promotes hate speech. This has become a significant problem today, and detecting such content is a challenging task. In this research paper, we propose a solution for hate speech detection in social media using natural language processing techniques. We use a publicly available dataset provided by CrowdFlower and perform text pre-processing to clean the dataset. We then conduct feature engineering to extract key features that can be used in machine learning classification algorithms. We compare the performance of various algorithms about each feature set and conduct an in-depth analysis of the results obtained.


Based on the location-choosing characteristics,the index system of location-choosing and the method to set up its evaluation model for a leisure farm are explored.Meanwhile it is suggested that the comprehensive factors affecting the location choosing for a leisure farm include located conditions,resource conditions,stand conditions,environment and tourism resource quality.By the evaluation model,the location-choosing conditions are evaluated,and it is concluded that the leisure farm locations with scores from 60 to 100 are important points or should be given priorities for development.


In the article I analyze the methodological foundations of the theory of sense experience with particular emphasis on the phenomenon of new conscious experiences. I consider the value of solutions proposed thus far and I present my own solution. In searching for an answer to the problem of the reality and character of new sense experiences, I consider, among other things, Jackson's argument from knowledge and I discuss the results of experimental studies.


Impressionism is a new art movement that appeared in the middle of the 19th century after the appearance of Realism Movement.Impressionist school of painting plays an important role in art history,it built up a new set of color expressions and painting techniques,thus brought out Neo-Impressionism,Post-Impressionism,Nabis and other art schools directly,and it influenced modern art on thoughts,concepts,values of aesthetics,painting techniques and other aspects significantly.


BACKGROUND
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs more frequently in premature infants. Depending on the degree of prematurity, these children often have other serious comorbidities that could have a significant impact on surgical outcome.

AIM
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical results of surgical ligation of PDA in extremely low body weight preterm infants with birth weight below 750 g, and to identify risk factors of mortality.

METHODS
A total of 31 preterm infants with birth weight below 750 g and significant PDA were operated between 2006 and 2016 through posterolateral thoracotomy (n = 16) or with the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic method (n = 15). Mean weight at the time of surgery was 750.8 ± 104.7 g. The gestational age ranged from 22 to 32 weeks. Data were retrospectively analysed, and prospective 100% follow-up was performed.

RESULTS
In-hospital mortality was 25.8% (n = 8). The type of surgery had no influence on the results. During the follow-up period lasting 5.2 ± 2.5 years, two other patients died. One-year and five-year probability of survival was 77.4% and 74.2%, respectively. The predominant cause of death was acute heart failure. All patients with preoperative renal dysfunction died in the postoperative period. Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed renal dysfunction as an independent risk factor of early death.

CONCLUSIONS
Preterm infants with birth weight less than 750 g and significant PDA are highly challenging patients. Despite the recent advances in perioperative management with neonates, surgery is still associated with a high early mortality rate irrespective of the applied method.


A number of accounts have appeared in the literature on the effects of hypophysectomy on endochondral ossification in the rat. The essential features, a t least in early periods after operation, are given in the studies of Freud, Levie and Kroon, '39; van Eck and Freud, '41; Ray, Evans and Becks, '41, '42 ; Kibrick, Becks, Marx and Evans, '41 ; Becks, Kibrick, Marx and Evans, '41 ; Ingalls and Hayes, '41, arid Valle, '44. An account is given here of the changes occurring a t progressively longer postoperative intervals in the region of the proximal epiphysis of the tibia of female rats which had been hypophysectomized at a constant age (26-28 days). Of particular interest are the late changes (after 1 to 2 years) and the comparison of the changes with those occurring in the normal ra t with increasing age (Section I). The rats used were of the Long-Evans strain. After hypophysectomy, the diet giveh normal rats was supplemented daily by a wet mash of a diet slightly modified from McCollum's Diet I.2 The operation was performed, as is usual, by the parapharyngcal approach. Only those animals are discussed in this paper in which the characteristics of hypophysectomized rats were already obvious during life, and in which the completeness of the operation was confirmed at autopsy by the finding of a sella turcica free of pituitary fragments.


Heteronuclear double-resonance experiments are used to determine the signs and magnitudes of the spin-coupling constants between tin and the directly bound elements boron, nitrogen, silicon, tin, tellurium, and tungsten in some trimethylstannyl derivatives. These and other coupling constants involving tin are compared with the corresponding couplings involving carbon and it is found that for X = H, B, C, F, Si, Sn, Te, and W, 1K(Sn–X) is approximately nine times 1K(C–X) whereas for X = N, PIII, Pv, and Se this is not so. For X = N and Pv the reduced couplings to carbon and tin are of opposite sign. The results are consistent with a molecular orbital theory which does not use the mean excitation energy approximation and, in general, it is concluded that the s-overlap integral βSn – X is smaller than βC – X which leads to larger negative contributions to the mutual polarizability in the case of tin compounds.


We demonstrate the applicability of the IEEE P1765 Reference Waveforms in ascertaining EVM and associated uncertainties by performing traceable measurements on a calibrated equivalent-time sampling oscilloscope at 44 GHz. With this knowledge, a user can employ the IEEE P1765 measurement-comparison approach using these reference waveforms in their laboratory to estimate the impact of their receiver on EVM and its associated uncertainties.


This article presents the teacher's experience and reflects some methodological features of the development of information competence of pupils at lessons of Russian language and literature.


Earlier this year lawmakers in Virginia passed what has come to be known as "Abraham's Law," which was precipitated by the case of a 15-year-old boy with Hodgkin's disease named Starchild Abraham Cheerix. Pediatricians should be aware of the law, which other states may choose to emulate, and its potential implications for their practice.

Abraham and his parents refused the additional chemotherapy recommended by his physicians at a children's hospital because of the adverse effects he had suffered previously. They chose instead to use prayer and an herbal remedy and, as a result, were threatened by the court with possible loss of custody. The family brought their story to the media, and a great deal of support arose for the family's right to make this decision without state interference. In the end, a compromise was reached. The parents retained custody, and Abraham underwent herbal treatments along with radiation therapy (but no chemotherapy) provided by a board-certified oncologist. At the time of this writing, he is 16 years old and, by his own report, feeling well.

Largely as a result of this case, a law was passed that states that parents of a child at least 14 years old with a …

Address correspondence to Mark R. Mercurio, MD, MA, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, PO Box 208064, New Haven, CT 06520. E-mail: mark.mercurio{at}yale.edu


Blockchain technology has been commonly used in the last years in numerous fields, such as transactions documenting and monitoring real assets (house, cash) or intangible assets (copyright, intellectual property). The internet of things (IoT) technology, on the other hand, has become the main driver of the fourth industrial revolution, and is currently utilized in diverse fields of industry. New approaches have been established through improving the authentication methods in the blockchain to address the constraints of scalability and protection in IoT operating environments of distributed blockchain technology by control of a private key. However, these authentication mechanisms do not consider security when applying IoT to the network, as the nature of IoT communication with numerous entities all the time in various locations increases security risks resulting in extreme asset damage. This posed many difficulties in finding harmony between security and scalability. To address this gap, the work suggested in this paper adapts multimodal biometrics to strengthen network security by extracting a private key with high entropy. Additionally, via a whitelist, the suggested scheme evaluates the security score for the IoT system with a blockchain smart contract to guarantee that highly secured applications authenticate easily and restrict compromised devices. Experimental results indicate that our system is existentially unforgeable to an efficient message attack, and therefore, decreases the expansion of infected devices to the network by up to 49 percent relative to traditional schemes.


We point out several subtleties arising in brane-world scenarios of cosmological constant cancellation. We show that solutions with curvature singularities are inconsistent, unless the contribution to the effective four-dimentional cosmological constant of the physics that resolves the singularities is fine-tuned. This holds for both flat and curved branes. Irrespective of this problem, we then study an isolated class of flat solutions in models where a bulk scalar field with a vanishing potential couples to a 3-brane. We give an example where the introduction of a bulk scalar potential results in a non-zero cosmological constant. Finally we comment on the stability of classical solutions of the brane system with respect to quantum corrections.


When the magnetic field is oriented nearly perpendicular to the direction of the plasma shear flow, the flow easily satisfies the super-Alfvénic unstable condition for the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability. This configuration is realized at the Earth's low-latitude magnetopause when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is strongly northward or southward. Indeed, clear signatures of the KH waves have been frequently observed during periods of the northward IMF. However, these signatures have been much less frequently observed during the southward IMF. In this work, we performed the first 3-D fully kinetic simulation of the KH instability at the magnetopause under the southward IMF condition. The simulation demonstrates that magnetic reconnection, with a typical fast rate on the order of 0.1, is induced at multiple locations along the vortex edge in an early non-linear growth phase of the KH instability. The reconnection outflow jet, which grows in the direction nearly perpendicular to the initial shear flow, significantly disrupt the flow of the nonlinear KH vortex. On the other hand, the shear and vortex flow strongly bends and twists the reconnected field lines towards the direction out of the reconnection plane. The resulting coupling of the complex field and flow patterns within the magnetopause boundary layer leads to a quick decay of the vortex structure. These simulation results suggest that clear signatures of the KH waves are expected to be observed only for a limited phase during periods of the southward IMF, which may explain the difference in the observation probability of KH waves between northward and southward IMFs.


Experience is the interaction between organism and environment. It is individual continuous interaction and adaption with environment in order to continue and grow. In the interaction and adaptation, life is conducting the metabolism of energy and information, which is shown as the generation and updates of experience. Children's experience is based on the existing experience and constructed in the process of interaction with others and environment. Previous experience is the basis of experience generation. Interactive environment is the resource of experience generation. Interactive others are the generation engine. The way of generation of children's experience is the natural way of education. Education should go with the flow.


This interdisciplinary design and research project, resulting from a two-year collaboration between a group led by an architect and an engineer/physicist, two PhD students, two Masters' students, and one undergraduate student, presents a break away from designated disciplinary roles and embraces the premise of working on a truly inter and cross-disciplinary setting. In doing so, its primary motivation is to question theassigned roles one may take in a project, and work in common and through a lateral structure. Invested in making architecture an equal counterpart to science, our team worked with a research group focusing on Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI). While FSI problems have applications in many scales of daily life, from brain aneurysms to wind turbines, and the original motivation for the architecture team has been to work hand in hand with the scientists on issues of energy harvesting and climate justice, it became apparent that meaningful long-term collaboration needed to start at a foundational level. In other words, the necessity of building a common language, creating common goals, and developing common methods of work became the foundational blocks for this work, which has so far only developed work that is focusing on the fundamental science problem and understanding what architecture, as a discipline with highly specialized methods of representation and thinking can offer to enrich it.


The dam failure that has been operating has a great potential to occur if the administrator does not carry out proper maintenance. Dams require proper and correct maintenance and operation which will greatly affect the safety of the dam itself. Especially for dams that have been operating for a long time, major maintenance activities including repairs and rehabilitation are urgently needed to avoid the worst conditions such as facing natural disasters. Because a dam can cause a large impact if it fails, it is necessary to have a risk assessment to analyze and evaluate the hazard of the dam. Risk research conducted at the Nglangon Dam uses the event tree method, traditional and modified ICOLD. Based on the results of individual and group extreme probability analysis, both traditional and event tree methods, the risk probability value is above the acceptable risk value threshold of 1.00E-05, which means that the Nglangon Dam requires further action. This is in line with the results of the ICOLD modified risk assessment method with classification III (high) which means that the Nglangon Dam is included in a dam that requires special attention and corrective actions to reduce the level of risk in the Nglangon Dam


Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence(AI) have revolutionized almost all fields that are linked to the acquisition of intelligent behavior in the real world. It is an attractive alternative for a researcher of artificial intelligence. Contrary to rule-based programming, ML is an algorithmic approach in which learning comes from existing data. The more data we have these computer systems look at, we say we're 'training' the computer system, and as the computers begin to identify patterns in the data, identify abnormalities in the data from these abnormalities we improve the system architect according to the requirement. This article introduces the use of comprehensive concepts of machine learning, in general, particular, and their potential applications in communications. Furthermore, the current state and futuristic potentials of enabling universal communication with implications of machine learning methods have been explained. In this review paper, we offer a comprehensive talk on distinctive methods/techniques of information analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) moved forward the contact aware communication system.


Background: Enterocin-P of Enterococcus faecium P13 (EntP) is of great interest as a food preservative and medicine due to its non-toxicity and broad antimicrobial spectrum at various pH, as well a ...


Non‐technical summary  Exercise causes an increase in sympathetic activity which helps to redistribute blood flow while maintaining blood pressure. The exact mechanisms that regulate sympathetic activity and blood flow during exercise are not completely understood. By modulating the activity of a specific chemical receptor (the carotid chemoreceptor), we showed that this receptor contributes to the regulation of blood flow during exercise in healthy subjects. These findings demonstrate the importance of the carotid chemoreceptor in the regulation of blood flow during exercise in health.


The subject of the article is the problem of meta-ethical assumptions of legal positivism in the context of Hans Kelsen's pure theory of law. Investigating this issue allows us to answer the question regarding the vision of morality underlying the thesis of separation of law from morality, i.e. independence of the application of law from its relations with morality (norms of justice). Indication of the emotional nature of moral statements is Kelsen's main argument. They express only attitudes and preferences, and their validity is only subjective. Therefore, they cannot serve as a basis for the validity of legal norms if they are to be perceived as objectively binding. Judgments regarding justice have no objective significance from the validity of law point of view.


A stuttering therapy method using two-track tape recorders of the language learning type was evaluated. Thirty-six stutterers, ages 13 to 43, were randomly assigned to one of three conditions for s...


• China was the top supplier of face masks, accounting for 56 per cent of world exports. To ramp up mask manufacturing, China leaned heavily on imports of intermediate input materials: its imports of non-woven fabric tripled in April 2020 compared with the same month of 2019, with Japan and the United States as the leading suppliers. China was also the sixth-largest importer of face masks in the first half of 2020.


screening for hearing impairment in young children is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the screening for hearing impairment in young children is universally compatible with any devices to read.


FormerFormer general practitioner Birmingham (b Blackpool 1937; q Birmingham 1961; BSc), died from bowel cancer on 16 May 2005.

Figure 1

After a short time in obstetrics, John settled into general practice in Kings Norton and Alvechurch, Worcestershire. In addition to his busy practice, he was active in the Birmingham Medical Institute and the local medical committee, was medical director of a deputising service, and served in the St John Ambulance aeromedical evacuation service. For most of his career he also worked in the local geriatric service, and after retirement from general practice continued to do so, principally in palliative care, until his own illness. Outside medicine, he had a passion for railways. He leaves a wife, Jill, and three children.


Method and apparatus for rendering information on a device. The method for rendering programming information on a device is provided. This method comprises obtaining programming information includes creating the application to the program guide one or more rendering techniques to the programming information, optimization amount of programming information included in the program guide It is. The method also includes rendering the program guide on the device.


In many technical processes the value of the hydrogen content of a gaseous atmosphere is a suitable feature for the characterization of a reaction within the atmosphere. This is for instance the case in gas nitriding and gas nitrocarburizing. If during these heat treatment processes the hydrogen content is measured, and the amount of other gas volumes fed into the heat treatment installation is known, so-called atmosphere potentials can be calculated on the basis of the ammonium dissociation and the watergas equilibrium normally established. The value of these atmosphere potentials gives information about the nitriding or nitriding and carburizing ability of the atmosphere. This paper presents a newly developed sensor for in-situ measurement of the hydrogen partial pressure, which enables the monitoring and control of the atmosphere avoiding the known disadvantages of analysers and solid electrolyte gas sensors. The procedure of calculating the atmosphere composition during nitrocarburizing conditions, based on the measurement of the hydrogen partial pressure and the calculation of atmosphere potentials, is shown. Finally, the measurement principle as well as measurements showing the response and measuring accuracy are presented.


A methodology has been developed for predicting interior noise levels from exterior sources with considerable precision. The design features used in a housing tract located at an Ldn 80.5 level near the end of the runway at Los Angeles International Airport are shown. Interior noise levels were reduced to an Ldn 45 or below in all bedrooms. Seventeen 24‐h measurements were taken after the project was completed. The average prediction error was 0.08 dB and the standard deviation was 0.94 dB.


This paper described the strategic significance of developing organic agriculture and organic food,analyzed development advantages and the problems of organic agriculture,and put forward the countermeasures in Heilongjiang province.The suggestions were as follows:enforce the construction of demonstration plot,strengthen corporate champion,make famous brands,enlarge the markets share at home and abroad,improve awareness of quality safety,do a good job of supervisor and strengthen support.


Leibniz's correspondence with Burcher de Volder contains some of his most important philosophical writings. Taking place between 1698 and 1706, the correspondence engages a range of issues including the nature of substance, causation, space and time, the proper measure of force in physics, and the relation between physics and metaphysics. It is most famous for containing extensive remarks on Leibniz's theory of monads, though the extent to which he was committed to this theory throughout the correspondence is a matter of great scholarly controversy. I suggest that one of the keys for interpreting this correspondence is to recognize its pedagogical character. Leibniz did not straightforwardly present his metaphysics to De Volder at the beginning of the correspondence; rather, he gradually revealed his views in an effort to rid De Volder of his philosophical prejudices and enable him to recognize the true metaphysical system.


With an increasing demand for hydraulic pumps in the era of Industry 3.0 and 4.0 due to their higher performance, they are getting compact and thus more vulnerable to leakage due to tight tolerances. Thus, it is imperative to diagnose these faults at the early stage. In this study, an attempt has been made to diagnose the internal leakage of hydraulic pumps using an Exhaustive Feature Selection (EFS) with Random Forest (RF) classifier. The electrical power signal (unbalanced towards healthy condition) of the electric motor driving the pump has been used to diagnose the two different severities of internal leakage. Firstly, four statistical features namely skewness, kurtosis, shape indicator and impulse indicators are extracted. These four features are combined in all possible ways using EFS to get 15 different combinations. These 15 features are then used to train the random forest classifier and the accuracy and the standard deviation is evaluated for every combination. The methodology successfully determines the number of features best suited for the classification and accuracy corresponding to it. Secondly, the unbalanced dataset has been balanced using random under-sampling of healthy signals and the same methodology is used to ascertain the effect of balanced dataset classification using random forest. The study shows that a balanced dataset can be diagnosed more efficiently (89.21%) as compared to an unbalanced dataset (87.94%) using this methodology at the cost of loss of some information during under-sampling. In addition, another resampling method, Tomek Link has been employed. The test accuracy of trained random forest model is found to be highest among all (94.44%). It also decreases the false positive and false negative prediction for minority classes. Thus, this study provides an insight into the extensive combination of features and their effect on the pump leakage diagnosis and is highly useful when a limited amount of faulty data is available.


The invention relates to a positive-contrast magnetic resonance imaging method and device. The positive-contrast magnetic resonance imaging method comprises the steps that two times of data acquisition are conducted on the same level of the same object, and TSE data with echo reading gradient offsets and TSE data without echo reading gradient offsets are respectively obtained; on the same level of the same object, the phases of the TSE data without the echo reading gradient offsets are subtracted from the phases of the TSE data with the echo reading gradient offsets to obtain phase differences produced by local magnetic field influence; the phase differences are utilized to obtain a local magnetic field produced by a metal device in an object region to surrounding organization; an object local magnetic field expression is represented by convolutions of a polarized nuclear and a magnetic susceptibility matrix, Fourier transformation is conducted on the object local magnetic field expression, and the local magnetic field is utilized to conduct regularization constraint reestablishment on the object local magnetic field expression subjected to the Fourier transformation to obtain magnetic susceptibility matrix of the object and achieve positive-contrast magnetic resonance imaging.


In this paper, we consider the problem of preserving acyclicity in a directed graph (for
shared memory architecture) that is concurrently being updated by threads adding/deleting
vertices and edges. To the best of our knowledge, no previous paper has presented a con-
current graph data structure. We implement the concurrent directed graph data-structure
as a concurrent adjacency list representation. We extend the lazy list implementation of
concurrent linked lists for maintaining concurrent adjacency lists. There exists a number of
graph applications which require the acyclic invariant in a directed graph. One such example
is Serialization Graph Testing Algorithm used in databases and transactional memory. We
present two concurrent algorithms for maintaining acyclicity in a concurrent graph: (i) Based
on obstruction-free snapshots (ii) Using wait-free reachability. We compare the performance
of these algorithms against the coarse-grained locking strategy, commonly used technique
for allowing concurrent updates. We present the speedup obtained by these algorithms over
sequential execution. As a future direction, we plan to extend this data structure for other
progress conditions.


Water Scarcity, Climate Change, and Water Quality: Three Economic Essays. (May 2009) Yongxia Cai, B.E., Northwestern Polytechnic University; M.E., Northwestern Polytechnic University; M.A.B., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Bruce A. McCarl This dissertation is composed of three essays investigating three aspects of future water issues. The first essay focuses on an examination of water scarcity issues caused by rapid population growth and economic development in Texas. The second essay examines water scarcity under climate change scenarios in Texas. The third essay discusses arsenic-related water quality issues in the drinking water. An integrated economic, hydrological, and environmental model is developed for the first two essays by implicitly incorporating uncertainty about future climate, water demand from all types of water use, a spatial river flow relationship, interaction between ground and surface water, institutional regulations, and the possibilities of inter-basin water transfers (IBTs). In studying water scarcity under economic growth and population growth, we find that while some cities and counties have sufficient water, there are some other cities and counties (especially Dallas, Fort Worth and Austin) facing different degrees of water scarcity problems.


Hospitality is a service industry that is engaged in providing of accommodation and lodging. The management approach focused on customer experience management can enhance the positive image of the hotel and the customer intensity. Customer experience management based on the strategic perspective is how a company manages and maintains of customers, resolve issues that occur, and evaluate the level of customer dissatisfaction. Business-based customer experience can create the sustainable business growth. Meanwhile, many studies have been carried out by providing the important steps and key challenges the success of customer experience management, whereas this study aims to emphasize the principle, theoretical conceptualization, and practice in the hotel industry in implementing customer experience management. By organizing and synthesizing the flow of previous studies, this study provides a comprehensive framework to future studies with dimensions of customer experience management. Keywords—Hospitality; Hotel Industry; Theoretical Conceptualization; Customer Experience Management.


Objective To explore effects of different doses of valsartan on alleviation of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis.Methods 40 liver cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension were randomized to be either treated with valsartan(40mg/d) or with(80mg/d).The effectiveness of the medicine was evaluated by measuring diameter of portal vien(DPV),velocity of the blood flow in the portal vien(VPV),diameter of splenic vien(DSV) and velocity of the blood flood of splenic vein(VSV) with Doppler before and after 2-weeks' treatment.Results The diameters of portal and splenic veins were significantly decreased.whereas the velocities of the blood flow in portal and splenic veins were significantly increased following either low or high dose of valsartan treatment.However there was no statistically significant difference between low dose or high dose treatment.Conclusion Valsartan(40mg/d) is as effective as valsartan(80mg/d) in reducing portal pressure in patient with portal hypertension resulted from liver cirrhosis.


A new scheme to enhance the solution of the problems associated with parallel transmission line protection is presented in this paper. This paper demonstrates a novel application of wavelet transform to identify faults in parallel transmission lines. The discrimination scheme which can automatically recognize the type of fault is proposed using GA-ANN. The scheme can be separated into two stages, the time-frequency analysis of transients by wavelet transform and the pattern recognition to identify the type of fault. By using the actual fault data, it is shown that the proposed method provides satisfactory results for identifying the faults. Recently there have been significant research efforts to apply evolutionary computational techniques for determining the neural network weights. Genetic algorithm has been used for finding weights to avoid training of ANN. Test results are matched well with values predicted by ANN and GA-ANN for identifying faults in 33 km line sample system.


Honeybees forage in an ever-changing olfactory environment, which requires constant learning and re-learning of floral odours associated with food sources. Plastic olfactory memories hence are crucial to a honeybee's foraging success, however the molecular mechanisms regulating olfactory learning and memory are not well understood. Here, we investigated how learning and long-term memory formation affects gene expression in the honeybee brain using an olfactory conditioning paradigm (proboscis extension reflex, PER). A microarray gene expression analysis comparing groups of conditioned and control bees found 77 genes differentially expressed between these two groups. Most of these genes were down regulated in trained bees, with only a few non-coding RNAs upregulated. Many of the down-regulated genes were enriched with binding sites for microRNAs (miRNAs), that putatively dysregulate these genes during memory formation. Indeed, qRT-PCR analysis validated that seven miRNAs were upregulated in trained bees. Of these seven miRNAs, we further investigated miR-210, which is associated with foraging, and miR-932, which is embedded in a key neurological gene: the synaptic adhesion molecule neuroligin 2 (Nlg2). We suggest that modules of miRNAs may regulate synapse development during learning and memory processes. To test this hypothesis we used small interference RNAs to inhibit miR210 and miR932. Feeding cholesterol-conjugated antisense RNA to bees resulted in the inhibition of miR-210 and of miR-932. Loss of miR-932 impaired long-term memory formation but not memory acquisition. Functional analyses showed miR-932 interacts with Act5C, providing first evidence how a miRNA directly targets actin. An activity-dependent increase in miR-932 expression may therefore control actin-related plasticity mechanisms and affect memory formation in the brain.


Problem of this study is how influence of empowerment on employee's performance. How influence of work attitude  on employee's performance. How influence work environment on employee's performance. How influence of  empowerment, work attitude  and  work environment on employee's performance. The purpose of this study to determine and analyze the effect of   empowerment on employee's performance. Determine and analyze the effect of work attitude  on employee's performance. Determine and analyze the effect of  work environment on employee's performance. Determine and analyze the effect of empowerment, work attitude  and  work environment on employee's performance. Sample in the study is 36  employee's. Data analysis techniques used in this study is descriptive analyze and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study indicate empowerment variable has a positive and significant effect on employee's performance. Work attitude  variable has a positive and significant effect on employee's performance.  Work environment variable has a positive and significant effect on employee's performance.    Empowerment, work attitude  and  work environment variable's has a positive and significant effect on employee's performance.


In recent years stable isotopes of metallic and semi-metallic elements have become popular as tracers in studies of nutrition and metabolism. There are several recent reviews on the use of stable isotopes of the mineral elements (Janghorbani & Young, 1980; Janghorbani et af . 1985). The orientation of these reviews has tended toward neutron-activation analysis in conjunction with the faecal isotope balance (faecalmonitoring) technique. The present discussion will be orientated toward mass spectrometry and the use of stable isotopes in techniques other than faecal isotope balance. Stable isotopes have been used in studies of nutrition and metabolism since Schoenheimer & Rittenberg (1935) published their first paper on deuterated stearic acid. Since that time, the vast majority of stable-isotope research has utilized the isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, with at least 2400 papers using 2H, 13C, "N and '80 being published between 1971 and 1978 (Klein & Klein, 1979). The natural ratios (rare isot0pe:abundant isotope) are usually smaller for H, C, N and 0 than the natural ratios for the metallic and semi-metallic elements. The low natural ratios combined with relatively large sample sizes and the high efficiency of gas-isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (GIRMS) yield analytical precisions (2 x relative SD) varying from l t3 to 1e2% for 2H:1H, 13C:l%, 15N:14N and l%O:l6O (Hachey et al. 1987). In contrast, analytical precision for isotope-ratio analysis of the mineral elements in recent biologicaltracer studies varied from about 0-1 to 10% (from Table 1). Analytical precision is an important factor in the design of an experiment because it determines the number of times a tracer may be diluted before it can no longer be detected. Nevertheless, the less favourable analytical precision available for the mineral elements is adequate for many studies and may be offset by opportunities for multiple-isotope-tracer experiments.


: Lead poisoning is an uncommon and challenging diagnosis to make. In 2018, The Victorian Department of Health issued a health warning following four cases of lead poisoning associated with illicit opium use in Melbourne, Australia. We present these cases to highlight clinical features and the relevant investigations leading to diagnosis. All cases occurred in recent immigrants to Australia, who had access to non-traditional sources of opioids. Health care professionals should consider lead poisoning in patients with appropriate symptoms and a history of illicit opium use. These recent cases highlight the potential for novel sources of lead toxicity in the Australian context. Clinicians should be mindful of patients presenting with persistent abdominal pain or non-specific symptoms, especially in those with a history of opium use. When lead poisoning is being considered, an FBE with blood film should be undertaken to assess for microcytic anaemia or basophilic stippling, with confirmatory diagnosis via elevated blood lead concentration. In those that have confirmed toxicity, removal from the source plus chelation and opioid replacement therapy should be considered in consultation with the appropriate services. Clinical follow-up with repeat blood lead concentration should be considered to ensure resolution of clinical toxicity. Abstract: Lead poisoning is an uncommon and challenging diagnosis to make. In 2018, The Victorian Department of Health issued a health warning following four cases of lead poisoning associated with illicit opium use in Melbourne, Australia. We present these cases to highlight clinical features and the relevant investigations leading to diagnosis. All cases occurred in recent immigrants to Australia, who had access to non-traditional sources of opioids. Health care professionals should consider lead poisoning in patients with appropriate symptoms and a history of illicit opium use. and relevant leading


Kidney cancer is among the most common and deadly forms of cancer and its incidence has spiked considerably in recent years. It contains a high propensity to rapidly spread to nearby organs, making swift and early diagnosis absolutely critical to ensuring optimal patient recovery. However, its subtle symptoms and manifestation in laboratory tests can make discerning its occurrence difficult. Predicting the probability of the carcinoma based upon various gene mutations has been previously explored, but this study specifically focuses on the TP53 mRNA and the effect its variants have. The Cox proportional-hazards regression technique, ubiquitously regarded as the most accurate method for survival modeling, is utilized to determine that there is a statistically significant difference in the renal cell carcinoma survival of patients with and without the TP53 gene expression. Specifically, possessing this gene, which itself encodes a tumor suppressor protein, correlates with a much higher survival rate from the carcinoma. This finding contains large implications for future exploration within the intersection of genomics and oncology and suggests the efficacy of gene prediction in carcinomas and other pathologies with hereditary predilections.


The invention relates to a mobile tool carrier comprising an aggregate, such as a cutting unit, connected to a drive unit, which in turn is connected to at least one caterpillar band located on either side of the tool carrier. The drive unit comprises a motor configured to drive the crawler belts, and possibly also the unit. Tool carrier comprises at least one mounting interface for mounting of the assembly. Crawler belt is arranged on a wheel suspension comprising a mechanically adjustable mechanism for adjusting the ground clearance of the tool carrier. The wheel suspension has a symmetrical shape in a longitudinal direction. The mechanism comprises an operating aid element and at least a release aid element in which the primary support member alone and in combination with the removable support element specifies different ground clearance. Alternatively, the mechanism comprises a first member and a second member, wherein the first element can telescope with respect to the second member.


Consider a two-person economy in which allocative efficiency is independent of distribution but cardinality of the agents' utility functions precludes transferable utility. I show that both agents either benefit or lose with any change of production possibilities under the Nash Bargaining and the Kalai-Smorodinsky solutions.


Method for manufacturing a body of honeycomb (6) having a radial partial region (9) with channels (10) traversable by a fluid, wherein the partial region (9) of annular configuration, forming the body of honeycomb ( 6) from a single metallic layer (1, 13, 14) and wherein the method comprises at least the following steps: - formation of substantially smooth sections (2) and structured sections (3) of the metal layer (1, 13, 14), the substantially smooth sections (2) at least one first section length (19) and having the structured sections (3) at least one second section length (20) different from the first length section (19); - folding of the sections (2, 3) each other so that the substantially smooth sections (2) and structured sections alternate between them; - fixing the single metallic layer (1, 13, 14) in at least one attachment point (16) to an outer casing tube (7); - twisting shaped casing sections (2, 3) in the casing tube (7).


The effects of a favourable pressure gradient (K[les ]4×10−6) and of the Reynolds number (862[les ]Reδ2[les ]5800) on the mean and fluctuating quantities of four turbulent boundary layers were studied experimentally and are presented in this paper and a companion paper (Part 2). The measurements consist of extensive hot-wire and skin-friction data. The former comprise mean and fluctuating velocities, their correlations and spectra, the latter wall-shear stress measurements obtained by four different techniques which allow testing of calibrations in both laminar-like and turbulent flows for the first time. The measurements provide complete data sets, obtained in an axisymmetric test section, which can serve as test cases as specified by the 1981 Stanford conference. Two different types of accelerated boundary layers were investigated and are described: in this paper (Part 1) the fully turbulent, accelerated boundary layer (sometimes denoted laminarescent) with approximately local equilibrium between the production and dissipation of the turbulent energy and with relaxation to a zero pressure gradient flow (cases 1 and 3); and in Part 2 the strongly accelerated boundary layer with 'inactive' turbulence, laminar-like mean flow behaviour (relaminarized), and reversion to the turbulent state (cases 2 and 4). In all four cases the standard logarithmic law fails but there is no single parametric criterion which denotes the beginning or the end of this breakdown. However, it can be demonstrated that the departure of the mean-velocity profile is accompanied by characteristic changes of turbulent quantities, such as the maxima of the Reynolds stresses or the fluctuating value of the skin friction. The boundary layers described here are maintained in the laminarescent state just up to the beginning of relaminarization and then relaxed to the turbulent state in a zero pressure gradient. The relaxation of the turbulence structure occurs much faster than in an adverse pressure gradient. In the accelerating boundary layer absolute values of the Reynolds stresses remain more or less constant in the outer region of the boundary layer in accordance with the results of Blackwelder & Kovasznay (1972), and rise both in the vincinity of the wall in conjunction with the rising wall shear stress and in the centre region of the boundary layer with the increase of production.


A near-infrared fluorescent probe was exploited to sensitively visualize ozone in the brains of mice with depression phenotypes in situ.


"I can resist everything except temptation," opined the pundit Oscar Wilde.' Similarly afflicted, the authors of this article have followed in Wilde's way. Our temptation is the plethora of state court tests for assessing the validity of subdivision exactions and the emerging application, or potential application, of these disparate tests to the more recent phenomena of user impact fees and linkage. Our response to this siren's seduction is an attempt to unite these judicial standards, and to distinguish between traditional subdivision exactions, contemporary user impact fees, and linkage in applying our unified test. Thus, this article endeavors to create a unified universe of which it can be said, "and then there was one."


In 2017, the SWU-MOOC project began from the collaboration between Srinakharinwirot University and Thai cyber University project to developing 10 courses on innovation and technology. There are over 3,000 enrolled students, with more than 40% of students completing the course. This research aimed at analyzing characteristics and learning behavior of active learners on SWU-MOOC. The sample involved 773 active learners who filled the questionnaires after completing the course. The data was analyzed using percentage. The findings were as follow: (1) most of the active learners' characteristics in gender ranged from 64.94% for female students, Occupation ranged from 63.26% for University students, and age ranged from 60.28% for 18-24 years. (2) Learning behavior in terms of frequency in attending SWU-MOOC took 2-3 times per week (42.82%) and in terms of length of study per time, 30-60 minutes (25.61%) of spent time had the highest percentage.


One of the major obstacles preventing widespread implementation of PEM fuel cells is the requirement for prohibitive loadings of Pt at the cathode to achieve high activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. To address this concern, we are developing a novel PEM fuel cell, where the oxygen reduction reaction is spatially separated from the electrode. In our chemically regenerable redox cathode, a soluble organic redox mediator undergoes facile reduction at the cathode and transports electrons and protons through solution to a non-PGM catalyst, where the aerobic oxidation of the mediator (and therefore, reduction of O2) occurs. The oxidized mediator can then return to the electrode, where it is again reduced. The use of non-PGM catalysts in our system does not have the same drawbacks as in conventional PEM fuel cells, and the high performance possible with this approach could lead to an activityand cost-competitive design relative to conventional PEMFCs.


China has a long history and rich tourism resource, but with not very well developed tourism. Tourism publications play important roles in tourism, and should be paid more attention in China. Virtual Reality is becoming the next generation publication method, which is a good choice for tourism publications. This paper discusses the prospect of applying Virtual Reality in tourism publications and related key technologies.


The authors present a novel HVS-based visual masking image watermarking using fractal modulation array,based on the good performance of fractal modulation. In this algorithm,fractal modulation array is embedded to the middle frequency coefficients of the block-DCT;then visual masking is made. The simulation results show that the hiding watermarking and watermark can achieve better robust with common signal distortion or geometric distortion.


State-of-the-art molecular-beam techniques reveal that the lowest lying electronic excited state in purine is the n pi* state. Using multiphoton ionization spectroscopy, the origin is found to occur at 31,309 cm(-1), and a vibrational structure is visible that is assigned to the skeletal motion of the ring (see figure).


In the design of reinforced concrete beams, the effects of small axial loads (axial load < 10% of axial capacity of concrete section) are often ignored or at most only nominally allowed for. Moreover, the existing guidelines given in the various design codes are applicable only to beams cast of normal-strength concrete and designers are left to themselves to decide what to do when high-strength concrete is used. In this study, the effects of small axial loads on the flexural strength and ductility of normal- and high-strength concrete beams have been investigated by complete moment–curvature analysis of beam sections cast of different grades of concrete and subjected to different levels of axial load. The results revealed that the application of a small axial load has the beneficial effect of increasing the flexural strength but also the adverse effect of decreasing the flexural ductility. Based on the numerical results, simple formulae for estimating the effects of small axial loads and guidelines for the design of normal- and high-strength concrete beams subjected to small axial loads have been developed.


Objective:To probe into the thermal property and the change of crystal forms of artesunate and artemether.Methods:The thermal property and the change of crystal forms of artesunate and artemether were investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) in the different temperature range and different heating rate.Results:The diagram of DSC curves of sample of artesunate almost shows no difference with the diagram of curves of reference substance;The diagram of DSC curves of reference substance of artemether shows a single peak,or presents two peaks sometimes.Conclusion:The thermal property of artesunate is quite stable,and the crystal forms of the reference substance of artemether changes frequently.


Jeff Smith's comic-book series RASL explores the physical basis of multiple worlds scenarios. Originally published in 15 black-and-white issues, RASL was reissued this month in a single hardbound full-color volume.


THE MARKET AND ETHICS: THE CASE OF THE 1994 DECISION BY THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION TO DELINK CHINA'S HUMAN RIGHTS RECORD FROM MOST-FAVORED-NATION STATUS Susan C. Morris Old Dominion University, 2000 Director: Dr. Francis Adams Amid the globalization of markets and the interdependence of states, human rights violations throughout the world still persist. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the economic interdependence of nations and the moral responsibilities of nations by examining the case of the 1994 decision by the Clinton administration to delink China's human rights practices from most-favorednation status. The annual 1997 Freedom House world survey of human rights rated China at its lowest point and quoted that "the regime continues to have one of the worst human rights records in the world."1 Yet despite China's ongoing human rights transgressions, economic relations between the United States and China continue to expand. The 1994 decision is a particularly significant one because it represents a decisive change in how human rights issues are— and will be— addressed in U.S. foreign policy. The decision brings to the fore the conflicting issues of states' moral responsibilities to the protection of universal human rights and states' economic interests.2 'Freedom House, Freedom In The World 1996-1997(New York: The Heritage Foundation, 1997). 2See, for instance, Ezra F. Vogel, ed., Living with China (New York: W.W. Norton, 1997). Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. This study adds insights not only into the Sino-American relationship, but also into the broader understanding of the relationship between national interests and ethical principles. The three major competing theoretical paradigms of realism, liberalism and radicalism are applied to the question of why the Clinton administration considered it no longer useful to condition trade on China's respect for human rights. The findings suggest that each paradigm alone was theoretically limited in explaining the motives for the decision, and therefore, an alternative explanation, that considers the complexities of the post-Cold War era, is advanced. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. In loving memory of Ida Lillian Faber Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.


(57) The invention provides a IMPATT diode operating at a reduced noise level from. The invention relates to an avalanche region, and a drift region, accompanied by a narrow band gap than the band gap in the avalanche region, a narrow band gap, the narrow band gap tunnel current injected into the avalanche region adjacent the avalanche region or is positioned within the to occur within, to impact ionization avalanche transit time (IMPATT) diode device. This can be injected relatively narrow pulses of current in the avalanche region to allow avalanche multiplication not to and relatively noise improves the predictability that can be injected current into the avalanche region. Narrow gap region is preferably configured to generate a tunnel current in the applied peak reverse biased to and diodes may be positioned between the mass doped contact region and avalanche region.


feminists on both sides of the regulatory fight. Ultimately, arguments that were developed with respect to women transformed the way the legal system conceived of the labor market, by showing how "private" employment terms affected the public interest, and how regulation could enhance workers' liberty (to bargain on equal terms with employers) rather than reducing it. A lack of historical context weakens Novkov's analysis in places. She does not discuss the 1937 cases that upheld the National Labor Relations Act, which according to most scholars produced a shift from police power to commerce clause justifications for federal labor standards regulation. She does not evaluate legal arguments in the context of labor market realities; so, for example, she gives undue credence to the anti-regulationist claim that minimum wages for women would make them unable to compete with men for jobs (in fact, women's wages were so low, and occupational sex-typing was so strong, that men rarely took women's jobs). She commendably analyzes how workers' gender shaped legal strategies and outcomes, but she might have extended her insight to include race; her southern cases about working conditions in boiler rooms or sawmills probably involved black men. The forces of legal change remain impersonal; the reader learns little about the few individuals named in the text, and less about particular employer interests. Many of Novkov's claims have been made before. She neglects the work of Clement Vose, Susan Lehrer, Joan Zimmerman, and Vivien Hart on the major test cases, and she overlooks most recent scholarship on some of her key actors, the National Consumers' League, the Women's Trade Union League, and the National Woman's Party (including the work of Kathryn Kish Sklar, Annelise Orleck, Wendy Sarvasy, and the author of this review). Engagement with this scholarship would have refined and enlivened Novkov's study considerably. The book is most valuable for its consideration of so many cases, both state and federal, involving laws that applied to both women and men. This broad sweep enables the author to show how the landmark cases often merely confirmed earlier developments, to show gender operating in cases affecting men as well as women, and to trace the changing impact of cases involving female workers. Novkov's book will be of most interest to constitutional scholars seeking to understand how "the roots of modern employment law and of modern doctrine on liberty have grown in deeply gendered ground" (35).


The article is devoted to the problem of using 5G millimeter waves band (MM WB) in wireless communication systems of the next generation. The aim of the work is to clarify the calculation methods and estimate the availability parameters and performance of communication channels in the millimeter wavelength band when deploying 5G communication network segments in various climatic zones of Ukraine.


electrical and optical hybrid cable (1) for overhead installations, comprising three phase conductors insulated (10) helically wound around a supporting rope (2), wherein said supporting rope comprises: - at least one element optical fiber (3); - A tubular metal structure (4) containing said at least one optical fiber element; - A support structure (5) resistant to longitudinal tension placed externally to said metal tubular structure.


Background: Oligohydramnios is defined as when the maximum vertical pockets of liquor is less than 2 cm or when amniotic fluid index (AFI) is less than 5 cm or less than 10 th centile. It is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Aim: The present study was undertaken to assess the maternal and fetal outcome in AFI of 5 cm or less (oligohydramnios) in term pregnancies. Method: In this prospective study total 100 cases with oligohydramnios (< or = 5cm) diagnosed by ultrasound after 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled and studied for  maternal and fetal outcome after meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Mean maternal age was 25.48 years. Incidence of oligohydramnios was more (53%) in primigravida. Non stress test (NST) was reactive in 59% and nonreactive in 41% cases. 43% patients delivered vaginally, 4% delivered instrumentally and 53% by caesarean section with most common indication being fetal distress (52.83%). The occurrence of meconium stained amniotic fluid was 30%. Incidence of Low birth weight was 68% and incidence of abnormal doppler changes was found in 25% of cases. 41% of newborns were admitted in neonatal ward (NICU) with tachypnoea was commonest indication followed by baby not cried immediately after birth and meconium aspiration. There were no neonatal or maternal deaths observed in the study. Conclusion: Oligohydramnios is associated with adverse perinatal outcome and increased maternal morbidity in terms of operative interference. Thus, proper antepartum surveillance and timely intervention is needed for better results.


As the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors,p21 gene and p27 gene are regarded as candi- dates of tumor suppressive gene,and have important functions in cell cycle control.Mutation or polymorphisms of these two genes may connect with many human tumors.It's maybe helpful to estimate the risk of developing tumor and indicate the clinical characteristic and prognosis of tumor by studying their polymorphisms.


The basic principles of nonlinear acoustics and time reversal acoustics are briefly introduced and their applications in material NDT are reviewed and discussed.It is pointed out that nonlinear acoustic wave is sensitive to defects in solid media and sonic energy in solid media can be focused on any points by using time reversal acoustics.Identifying and lo cating defects precisely and accurately based on the defect sensitivity of nonlinear acoustic wave and self-focusing characteristics of time reversal acoustic wave has become a new trend in the research field of material NDT and will have a bright application prospect in industrial health monitoring,medical diagnosis,underwater communication and seismic analysis.


There are important classes of programming errors that are hard to diagnose, both manually and automatically, because they involve a program's dynamic behavior. This article describes a compile‐time analyzer that detects these dynamic errors in large, real‐world programs. The analyzer traces execution paths through the source code, modeling memory and reporting inconsistencies. In addition to avoiding false paths through the program, this approach provides valuable contextual information to the programmer who needs to understand and repair the defects. Automatically‐created models, abstracting the behavior of individual functions, allow inter‐procedural defects to be detected efficiently. A product built on these techniques has been used effectively on several large commercial programs. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In this paper, we present the results on giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect in thin microwires at frequencies until 4 GHz, paying special attention to tailoring the GMI effect and achievement of low hysteretic GMI behavior. Correlation between magnetoelastic anisotropy and magnetic field dependences of diagonal and off-diagonal impedance components are observed. We found that, if the surface anisotropy is not circumferential, then the magnetization and, consequently, the magnetic field dependence of impendence present hysteresis. Low field GMI hysteresis, has been suppressed by the bias current.


In front of these realities, the convocation to the Constituent National Assembly was erected as the great political moment for the consolidation of a new society project characterized by a true democratic "eticidad". The narratives of the democracy participativa and the consolidation of the peace were constituted in the new securities for the legitimation of the nascent social project. The setting in scene of these narratives allowed the convergence of the diverse social actors in the alternative of summoning to the primary constituent for the formulation of a new political pact. In fact, the idea of the ANC was protected with different shades for diverse social and political forces that you/they went from the most progressive tendencies to the most conservative. However, he/she cannot forget that the most interested actor in the Construction of a new Political Letter for the Colombians was the executive.


The article examines the role of translators at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and how their translations of evidentiary documents are used in trials. Drawing on theoretical studies and practical examples, it rejects the notion that the meaning of source documents can ever be conveyed with complete fidelity and accuracy but shows how this problem is resolved by adopting flexible translation strategies and enabling parties to check translations against the originals at every stage of proceedings. This system, which evolved over a period of many years, is contrasted with the often haphazard organization of translation at the Nuremberg Tribunal.


To review the published literature for evidence of urinary diary development and validation, in terms of diary format, content, and duration. To identify a fully validated urinary diary.


Cancer is the most prevalent disease worldwide that has respected no borders. Despite of the intensive research in the field of medical, no satisfactory cancer treatment strategy has been developed. Conventional cancer therapies have been facing multiple challenging factors that have made cancer difficult to treat. Poor drug delivery system, anticancer drug resistance and metastasis are the prime limitations in the conventional cancer therapies, posing serious effects on the health of the cancer patients. Nanotechnology is an exciting new field of study that has proven its significance in multiple areas including medicines. It has also provided potential views for cancer treatment, enabling more effective, target-specific treatment regimens with fewer adverse effects. Multiple nanotechnology-based cancer treatments are being studied and analyzed for which numerous varieties of nanoparticles are used. The current review highlights the novel approaches and current practices of nanomaterial-based


This paper is concerned with the steady motion in two dimensions, past a fixed cylindrical body, of an incompressible fluid possessing finite viscosity. Alternatively, the fluid may be imagined to be stationary at infinity, and the cylinder to move through it with uniform velocity in a direction normal to its own axis. The problem has importance for aeronautics, since a solution would permit the calculation of what in modern aerofoil theory is termed the ??? profile drag.??? 2. Treating the cylinder as fixed, we take rectangular axes O x , O y , O z , of which 0 z is along its axis and O x is the direction of the undisturbed stream ( i.e ., of the flow at infinity). The motion of the fluid is then defined by component velocities u , v in the directions O x , O y respectively.


In order to realize the controlling of analog value output by programmable logic controller(PLC) with low cost,a method of PLC digital value was put forward to realize the analog value output.Using the pulse width modulation(PWM) technology,PLC transistor digital output signal was controlled by controlling the duty ratio of the pulse.By applying smooth circuit,the linearity of the output analog signal was improred.The functionality of the PLC transistor digital output was widened.The research shows that the method greatly reduces the equipment cost,and can be practically used in cases where analogue value resolution and precision are not highly demanded.


Many astrophysical plasmas and some laboratory plasmas are relativistic: either the thermal speed or the local flow speed (in a convenient frame) approaches the speed of light. Many such plasmas are also magnetized, in the sense that the thermal Larmor radius is smaller than gradient scale lengths. Relativistic MHD, conventionally used to describe such systems, requires the collision time to be shorter than any other timescale in the system. On this assumption, it uses the thermodynamic equilibrium form of the plasma pressure tensor, neglecting stress anisotropy as well as heat flow along the magnetic field. Beginning with exact moments of the kinetic equation, we derive a closed set of Lorentz-covariant fluid equations that allows for anisotropy and heat flow, as would pertain to a collisionless plasma, far from thermodynamic equilibrium. The heart of the derivation is the construction of the plasma stress tensor as the fully general solution to the energy-momentum conservation law in the case of dominant electromagnetic force.


Atherosclerosis originates as focal arterial lesions having a predictable distribution to regions of disturbed blood flow. Endothelial cells (EC) play a key role in the initiation of lesions. Having previously reported a significant association of EC phenotype with the flow environment in a 3‐region comparison in vivo (Passerini et al, 2005), we extended this observation to 13 distinct coronary and non‐coronary regions (7 susceptible, 6 protected) in 87 adult swine. Site‐specific EC RNA was linearly amplified and hybridized to porcine microarrays. Hierarchical clustering, Pearson correlation calculations, and differential gene expression analyses identified a significant degree of heterogeneity of EC phenotypes as a function of site and hemodynamic environment. Most notably, we observed distinct coronary EC transcript profiles relative to non‐coronary regions. Within coronary artery athero‐susceptible regions, 262 features were differentially expressed relative to atheroprotected regions (25% false discovery rate). NIH DAVID functional annotation of these features identified protein metabolism, apoptosis, and anti‐oxidant activity as enriched themes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis also identified 140 gene sets (out of 548) as upregulated, including inflammation and immune response, with core genes included within the DAVID results for these regions. Supported by the NHLBI.


This research deduces the two equation turbulence model on the base of one equation .And it numerical simulatives of the inner flow character of Francis 616 with the softwire FINE of NUMECA corporation and analyze the velocity and pressure distribution on the runner .It cut down the calculation hour and improve the calculation efficiency.


A 1994 European survey has shown that the correct use of inheritance is one of the three major problems faced by OO programmers. This project references the principal inheritance literature of the last six years, in order to discover the reason for these di culties. We hypothesise that the divergent uses of inheritance are a major contributing factor to these problems. To establish the validity of the hypothesis, the project focuses on the following primary research question, \How is class inheritance used in OO programming languages today?" Within this focus, we look at the operational mechanism of inheritance; identify and evaluate the di erent roles of the mechanism; investigate the role inheritance plays in conceptual modelling; de ne the terms is a and specialisation; and clarify the relationship between subtyping and inheritance. The project concludes that, not only are potential di culties compounded by a \semantic overloading" of the diverse inheritance relationships between classes, there is also a confusing lack of consensus on inheritance and its de nition, in the referenced literature . v Acknowledgements For support and encouragement to my supervisor, Christine Mingins; my fellow Honours students; and my girlfriend Karen (a special thankyou)


A mathematical model based on first principles has been formulated to predict the behavior of the magnetic brush in the development zone of an electrophotographic process. As a first approximation, the brush is modeled as a collection of straight chains whose length distribution is derived from a magnetic energy minimization principle. Results with the model are compared with experimental measurements of the tangential and normal forces exerted by the brush on the photoreceptor. The agreement is sufficiently good to confirm the essential aspects of the theory.


Abstract : This report covers the history and current status of fire protection on aircraft carrier flight decks and hangar decks. Fire protection on aircraft carriers is a joint responsibility of the Naval Sea Systems Command and the Naval Air Systems Command. The report begins with a quick orientation covering some of the significant physical characteristics of aircraft carriers that are relevant to fire protection. The fire hazardous nature of carrier operations is discussed specifically, with focus on some of the concerns relative to air launched ordnance. Next, a review of firefighting systems, including the firefighting agents currently in use, as well as the current tactics for fighting fires on the flight deck and the hangar deck, is provided. We review the history of carrier fires and emphasize some of the lessons learned, including the research and development programs that resulted from those fires. Some recent program initiatives under NAVAIR project W1819 are covered. Finally, the report covers a list of some current shortcomings and future concerns.


In order to improve the information level of tourism industry,a design and an implementation on an intelligent tourist guide system based on Android operation system were presented.Firstly the architecture of Android system was introduced.Also the structure of the touristguide system platform was studied and the hardware of the platform and the module design were proposed.Based on this,the application software was developed by Android SDK 2.1,which was consisted of three modules:management of tourists information,multimedia applications and Web maps.The realization of functionality and interface of every module was analyzed in details.The testing results show that the system is easy to use and has agood scalability and maintainability.


The features of blended learning of students of average and professional organizations of the theoretical and practical aspects of integrating it into the educational process in mathematics are discussed, blended learning spsobstvuet development of cognitive independence of students is proved.


For the first time since 1993, data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) show a decrease in life expectancy and an increase in deaths particularly among people younger than 65. Life expectancy decreased by 0.1 year from 78.9 to 78.8 and the age-adjusted death rate increased 1.2% from 724.6/100,000 standard population to 733.1 for the total U.S. population from 2014 to 2015. (figure 1)[1]. This raises significant concerns over the increasing obesity and diabetes pandemic.


The transfer to humans of terms strictly applicable to animals may well be a universal technique of abuse and source of humour, Not that it is only in invective and humour that comparisons, explicit or implicit, are made between men and beasts. Among the ancients, physiognomists showed a keen interest in the potential resemblances between men and animals.1 shall be concerned exclusively in this paper with an important process of colloquial Latin, which was to leave a mark on the Romance languages, namely the description of the human anatomy by means of words more appropriate to animals. But I begin with some diverse examples of aiiimal terminology applied to humans in order to give some idea of the extent of the praetice in Latin. From the sexual sphere admitto (lit. *put the male animal to the female' or vice versa) is sometimes used pejoratively with a human object, äs at Juv. 6.329 'iam fas est, admitte uiros'. Similarly admissarius 'stallion* is applied to men at Flaut., Mil. 1112, Cic., Pis. 69, Sen., N. Q. 1.16.2. In invective and jest it is common for a person to be addressed äs, or identified with, an animal. Onomatopoeic words describing animal noises are sometimes transferred humorously to the sounds made by humans (e.g. balo at Varro, Bust. 2.3. l,latro at Hör., Serm. 2.1.85, mugio at Petron. 115.5 grundio at Caecil. 103; Varro cites immerous examples at Ling. 7.103-4, including pipulum, latro, gannio, dibalo, rudo and Mnnitus). It is offensive to ascribe to a person a


A flag holder mount comprising a hollow cylindrical main body, a pad mount and a connecting bar connecting the pad mount to the cylindrical main body so as to comprise a single piece. When mounted to the center of gravity portion of the frame of a motorcycle, the flag holder angles away from the motorcycle and angles back toward the rear of the motorcycle. In an alternative embodiment, the flag holder includes a post mount comprising a connector having a closed end and includes an aperture therein adapted to receive a pin or other comparable fastener to connect the connector of the post mount to the passenger foot peg support. In an alternative embodiment, the flag holder may have a pre-angled connector, or post mount, adapted to receive the pre-angled foot peg support extending from the frame of the motorcycle.


A procedure for estimating price indices in localities within one state, North Carolina, is presented and implemented. The paper makes a number of improvements over previous work, including estimating the association between local prices and national prices, and testing the potential capitalization of local taxes and public output into local prices. Intrastate income variation is reduced when the price index estimates are applied to nominal per capita incomes.


We conceptualize regional entrepreneurial ecosystems (EE) as heterogeneous configurations of interdependent actors, resources, and capabilities with the potential to encourage various types of entr...


By analysis on the implementation status of agency involving in investment audit employed by audit institution,it reveals the existing problems,including:different audit idea,law risks,audit expense and so on.It sug gests that we should create national organizations' audit mechanism,set up the agency involving in investment audit mechanism for improving audit effect.


This paper deals with solutions to overcome or to correct for the defects of photon-counting detector ― intensified CCD (ICCD) in particular ― for the purpose of speckle interferometry. Among others, we show how to cope with strong image distortion in the photon-counting case and with the so called photon-counting hole. The latter is due to the incapacity to detect any pair of close photon-events in the short exposure images. Our photon-counting detector, the CP40 camera (Blazit 1987; Foy 1988a), consists in an ICCD and centroiding electronics. Nevertheless, other photon-counting detectors present a defect similar to the photon-counting hole due to the limited shortest time delay between two consecutive photon-events


Toll financing of highways is examined in terms of economic and financial considerations. The experiences of toll-using countries reviewed and the feasibility and desirability of adopting toll financing of high standard highway networks in developing countries are considered. The economics of congestion tolls in urban highway and streets are summarized. It is noted that the use of toll financing imposes costs on the economy and leads to inefficient use of the available road capacity. Thus, on economic grounds it is clear that there is no case for adopting tolls for highway development. Most objectives sought from toll arrangements can be achieved by alternative schemes that are less costly. Furthermore, financial tolls do not achieve equity in distributing the burden of the highway facilities among all receivers of benefits. It is concluded that new technology to facilitate vehicle identification and toll collection promises to offer possibilities for applying more rigorous congestion pricing schemes.


Tacrolimus is associated with optic neuropathy. The clinical features of tacrolimus‐induced optic neuropathy (TION) are unclear. The purpose of this article is to explore the clinical features of TION.


BL-algebras [Hajek] rise as Lindenbaum algebras from certain logical axioms familiar in fuzzy logic framework. BL-algebras are studied by means of deductive systems and co-annihilators. Duals of many theorems known to hold in MV-algebra theory remain valid for BL-algebras, too.


Do you know a Northern Ireland nurse who deserves to be rewarded for innovative and groundbreaking work? If so, she or he could become Northern Ireland 1999 Nurse of the Year. 'Hie RCN initiative was launched by 1998 winner Siobhan Livingstone (pictured above). Awards will be made in live categories of nursing practice: adult, children, learning disability, mental health and midwifery. The closing date for applications is January 29. For an entry form or other details, contact the RCN on 01232 668236 or the Nurse of the Year Administrator, 17 Windsor Avenue, Belfast BT9 6EE.


As examples of influential popular culture TV series epitomise the rich, diversified heritage of twentieth and twenty-first-century consumer culture, reflecting social and political scenarios of our times. Ideas and concepts beneath successful series are examined in the selected peer reviewed papers written by scholars in this volume. Discourse, Dialogue and Characterisation in TV series aims to contribute to the growing scholarship on the so-called field of "Television Studies" through a number of critical essays that offer distinct critical approaches to a selection of fictional (digital) TV series, thus evincing the extent to which these types of narratives that are so embedded in popular culture today may be studied from multiple approaches. We remain indebted to the Valencian Government (Generalitat Valenciana) for kindly giving financial support for this publication (project code GVAORG2020-A-035) and also the support afforded by Grant PID2019-110863GB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.


Background: vaginal infections are common among women referring to gynecological clinics worldwide, but treatment modalities cannot provide complete remission of the disease. Laboratory diagnosis of vaginal infections using more sensitive and specific methods is essential for the best treatment options. Objectives: In this study, diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was investigated. Methods: vaginal samples were collected from 635 symptomatic women referring to gynecology clinics in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran, in 2017. All samples were then diagnosed using microscopy, culture, and PCR methods. Results: Of 635 symptomatic women, 200 cases (31.4%) were diagnosed with BV according to the culture method using the PCR method. However, 3.9% of samples who were negative based on the culture method, were diagnosed to have BV based on PCR results. Conclusions: PCR is more sensitive than culture and microscopy methods for the diagnosis of BV.


An experiment was conducted to study the effects of sewage sludge on the response of Ipomoea aquatica to plant nutrients and heavy metals  in soil at different soil pH. An incubation study was done for the selection of four individual pH levels, viz. , 4.7, 5.7, 6.6 and 7.8 to be  used for the plant culture experiment. Yield of Ipomoea aquatica and concentration and uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn  in the plant were evaluated. Application of sewage sludge in soil increased the concentration and uptake of the elements in Ipomoea . Slightly  acidic to slightly alkaline pH was found to be better for amendment of soil with sewage sludge DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i1.10721 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(1) , 47-54, 2012


If the passage f?om graduate student to music professor can be likened to a journey, then the road is rarely an unswerving one. It is usually fraught with obstacles and turns, mostly unforeseen. Moreover, the traveler does not always arrive at the originally intended destination and, even when this goal is accomplished, it rarely seems to be by means of the planned route! This paper is a reflection on some of the twists in my own journey, some of the signposts I discovered en route, and perhaps on the modicum of prudence a seasoned traveler will eventually gain after falling into many a pothole.


A technology is described which allows singlemode and multimode optical fibers to be bent in radii less than 1mm without significant increase in loss or long term reliability. This technology is particularly suitable for the development of high-performance low-cost right- angle connectors for high-density patch panels and interconnects.


Received 21 June 2019. Accepted 8 Oct. 2019. *Corresponding author (Paul.Bullock@ umanitoba.ca). ABSTRACT Shorter season grain corn (Zea mays L.) varieties and increased heat unit accumulation are improving grain corn production feasibility on the Canadian Prairies. However, there remains significant production risk and need for a reliable measure of corn heat requirements for risk assessment. This study utilized time-lapse cameras to capture phenological development of five grain corn hybrids with corn heat unit (CHU) ratings from 2200 to 2700 at multiple locations in western Canada. The goal was to compare heat unit accumulation at specific phenological stages at multiple locations to identify an index with consistent accumulated values. The photos provided a clear record of development up to the V6 stage and for the VT and R1 stages. This facilitated accurate quantification of accumulated days after planting (DAP), CHU, standard growing degree day (GDD10), modified growing degree day (mGDD10,30), general thermal index (GTI), and beta function (BFn) for the five hybrids. All hybrids accumulated more CHU to reach R6 stage than suggested by their ratings. The coefficient of variation (CV) for accumulated index values was greatest at emergence and the V2 stage but declined in subsequent stages. At R6, all thermal indices had a CV ≤ 10.5%, with GTI consistently showing the numerically lowest CV (<5%) for all hybrids. The GTI may be a more consistent thermal index than CHU for predicting corn phenological development and an important improvement for selecting appropriate grain corn hybrids for specific locations on the Canadian Prairies. Further time-lapse camera data is warranted to confirm these observations.


Buddhist teachings have much to say about the disciplining of desire. In lived Buddhism, however, there may be considerable contestation over how canonical tenets should be understood and flexibility in the way precept is related to practice. This article uses ethnographic data recently gathered from a rural setting in Cambodia to discuss how religious legitimacy is shaped by the complex fabric of village culture and history and the contemporary ethos of the laity. Today's entrepreneurial Cambodian monks are a telling model of the times. The monk who is the key figure of this article maintains a finely balanced position at the interstices of the local and non-local; he must remain responsive to the interests of both those 'above' him, including the politicized ecclesiastical hierarchy, and those 'below' him in the village, with their desires for security and order.


With the advancement of technology and our pursuit of better living standards resulted a concerning surge in pollutants from household, industry, automobile, and numerous other sources. There are many hazardous gases such as ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds which gets formed and dissipated mostly due to various human activity and sometimes naturally. Detection of all these toxic gases is essential for ensuring public health and safety. Oxide-based gas sensors have undergone significant development, exhibiting distinctive sensing properties, immense potential for diverse applications, and the ability to operate at room temperature. This article discusses the research and development of such harmful gas detection based on capacitive sensors that are composed of different metal oxides, metal oxide composites, and nanostructures. Study focuses on the sensing ability and performance of these sensors in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and limit of detection. Furthermore, the mechanisms of gas sensing and their limitations in terms of improved stability, sensitivity, faster response, and ease of detection in ambient environments have been discussed. In addition, it provides an inclusive idea on future aspects of capacitive gas sensors and their potential applications in various fields.


For several practical and technical reasons related to e.g. computational cost, hardware complexity, sensitivity to motion artifacts, frame rate and SNR most medical ultrasound machines use a fixed focus on transmit and dynamic focusing and filtering on receive. To further improve image resolution, multiple focal zones may be used. The resulting A-lines are superimposed (blended) after envelope detection by means of depth dependent weighting. Due to this incoherent superposition, the spatial resolution of the resulting image can only reach the resolution of the images that were superimposed. To overcome the shortcomings of incoherent superposition we have developed a technique for coherent filtered blending of the echoes. In addition to echoes representing different transmit foci, echoes from neighboring beam lines may also be considered.


In 1918 British and French troops occupied the Arabic-speaking regions of the Ottoman Empire and by 1920 had expelled the Arab nationalist regime in Damascus and divided the area between themselves as they had agreed to do in the Sykes–Picot treaty signed two years earlier. Out of their share, the French created in 1920 the two Mandates of Syria and Lebanon with their own locally recruited military organization, first called the Syrian Legion and later the Troupes Spéciales, which were combined for both countries.


In this paper we have suggested three improved dual to variance ratio type estimators for estimating the unknown population variance S y using auxiliary information. The optimum estimator in the suggested method has been identified along with its mean square error formula and it has been seen that the suggested estimator performs better than other existing estimators. Theoretical comparisons and empirical comparisons based on four real populations are carried out to judge the merits of proposed estimators over other traditional estimators and estimators considered here.


HHThe other time I'd been in Quantico, Virginia, I'd come by train. I don't remember much about the trip except the goodbyes at the beginning and the gunnery sergeant at the end. Before the train even stopped, the gunny was on it, glaring at the sorry, grinning lot of us that the porter had assembled. "What are you people laughing about?" the gunny said. From that moment on, we belonged to him. We were Marines. And being Marines, as we were often to be reminded in the weeks that followed, is not a laughing matter. This time we'd driven down from DC, Diane and me, in a rental car. Once a Marine, they say, always a Marine. I can't quite swallow that line, I told Diane; but a little nostalgia trip after more than 30 years, that's different. We drove by the red and gold Marine Corps Combat Development Command sign, through the tended-looking woodsy area, into the scruffy little town of Quantico. The railroad tracks were still there, and the depot pretty much as I remembered. On a Saturday there was no gunny or anybody else around. Quantico, I reminisced to Diane, is where I first heard of pizza. Pizza pie they called it back then. Which made us hungry, so we pulled in by Nikki's Nook Friendly Family Restaurant and Pool Hall. Little sign out front says TODAY'S SPECIAL CORDON BLEU w/FRIES $3.95


The word "合作社"is called cooperative in English,while in Japanese it is called cooperative combination.The word "combination" originates from Houhanshu of China,whereas Japanese enrich and develop it.The cooperative combination in Japan his its broad and narrow sense.In a narrow sense,it means cooperation and combination;in a borad sense,it also means combination and treasury.Through a summary and careful study of its language origin,we can find that Japanese cooperatives have the following seven types,agriculture cooperative combination,consumation and life cooperative combination,fishery cooperative combination,enterprises of medium or small size cooperative combination,forest cooperative cmbination,credit treasury and labor treasury.In can be classified into three types,current combination,process combination and manufacture combination.Agricultural associations in Japan vary greatly.It can be classfied into different types according to form of fund,business and ways of organization.


A monitor-alarm device for fire accident in tunnel is composed of a computer, several terminals and several wire-type temp sensors. Said terminals and temp sensor are arranged in the tunnel in longitudinal direction. Said temp sensor is connected to the terminal. Said terminals are connected with each other and computer.


Rare complications with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) include prolonged seizures (Weiner et al., 1980a), status epilepticus (Strain and Bidder, 1971; Weiner, 1981), spontaneous and tardive seizures (Devinsky and Duchowny, 1983) and activation of a prior Jacksonian seizure focus (Moss-Herjanic, 1967). Occasional reports of non-convulsive status epilepticus (NGS) following ECT have appeared in the literature (Grogan et al., 1995; Crider and Hansen-Grant, 1995; Rao et al., 1993; Varma and Lee, 1992; Weiner et al., 1980b). We describe a case in an elderly patient and draw attention to measures that may aid early recognition and treatment of this rare complication.


An ab initio method for solving macromolecular structures is described. The heavy atom(s) or some disulfide bridge in the structure are located from the phase sets selected on the basis of a figure of merit of a reciprocal-space-based multiple-solution direct method. Subsequent weighted Fourier recycling reveals recognizable structures for two nucleic acids where data resolution is 1.3 A or better. With lower than 1.3 A data resolution or sulfur as the heaviest atom in the structure, the phase refinement has been carried out using the density modification procedure (PERP) operating in direct space. The resulting electron density map can readily be interpreted. The methodology has been illustrated with six known nucleic acids and proteins crystallizing in different space groups. It has proved to be fast, simple to use and a very effective tool for solving macromolecular structures with data resolution up to 1.7 A.