THE DISEASES OF THE PROSTATE: THEIR PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT. By Sir HENRY THOMPSON. Sixth edition. London: J. and A. Churchill. 1886. THE surgery of the urinary organs is assuredly not standing still; and, although it is only three years since the fifth edition appeared, we have read the sixth edition of Sir HENRY THOMPSON on Diseases of the Prostate with much interest. The special points of interest and of comparative novelty in this new volume are Sir Henry Thompson's consideration of the use of the term "hypertrophy of the prostate ;" his views on the treatment of the chronically enlarged prostate by compression and by electricity; his discussion of the various theories which, from tilne to time, have been brought forward to account fol the enlargement of the prostate in advancing life; and his recommendations and suggestions in the operative treatment of those exceptional cases where, as age advances, the enlarged prostate gives rise to very severe symptoms. The author objects to the term "hypertrophy" of the prostate. He points out that the prostate consists of stromal and glandular elements, that usually the chronically enlarged prostate consists chiefly of stromal elements, but that these stromal elements do not themselves exist in normal proportions, the connective tissue being usually much in excess of the other constituents. He cannot, therefore, accept the chronic enlargement of the prostate in age as a true hypertrophy, but would prefer the term "fibrous hypertrophy" for the majority of cases, and the term "fibro-muscular hyperplasia" -for those rarer cases where the enlargement is due to increase of the fibrous and muscular elements of the stroma in normal proportion, and he would use generically the term "enlarged prostate." Professor Guyon, of Paris, has lately advanced the theory that enlargement ot the prostate is identical with the change known in other organs as sclerosis. The author combats this theory, showing that the enlargement is not invariably due to increase of connective tissue, that the enlarged prostate has no tendency to subsequent contraction, and that it is by no means necessarily found in those of feeble or of decaying constitution. Sir Henry Thompson is surprised that anyone acquainted with what has been tried in the treatment of the enlarged prostate by compression should, in these days, gravely propose to repeat it. He remarks "that it is very easy to excite inflammation in an enlarged prostate and in the adjacent bladder, and not very easy to subdue it." And with regard to the use of electricity as a means of reducing the volume of the enlarged prostate he says, "experience does not warrant us in drawing any favourable conclusions respecting its employment." The question of the reason why a certain number of men suffer from enlargement of the prostate is very fully and ably discussed, but with negative result, the author being obliged to confess that the question, at present, remains unanswered to his satisfaction. Many years ago, Sir Henry Thompson proposed to keep a suprapubic punctture into the bladder permanently open in those cases where, as age advances, the urinary symptoms due to prostatic disease become severe. He now advocates the boutonni&re operation by the perinceum as bidding fair, on the whole, to be more useful ; and he gives full directions for the performance of this operation, and for the after-treatment of the patient. In a standard work of the kind before us, there is little but what is praiseworthy and excellent. We would, however, remark that we think there is room for a little judicious weeding. We live in times when the student has to economise time to the utmost; and, in future editions, the pages devoted to the medicinal treatment of chronic cystitis might, perhaps, be somewhat curtailed; and we see no reason for still introducing the figure and description of Mercier's instrument for avoiding a false passage, which surely no surgeon worthy of the name has ever used. Altogether, the volume before us is a credit to its author and to English surgery, and may be confidently recommended to the student and to the practitioner.


Ayurvedic Pharmaceutical Sciences (APS) is an upcoming discipline. Ayurvedic pharmacy (AP) has always been looked upon as traditional subject having limited value in modern era of pharmaceutical sciences. Ayurveda, the Traditional Indian Medicine (TIM), has recently, become popular among patients largely due to its benign nature. Other factors, which have contributed to globalization of Ayurveda, include reorganization by World Health Organization and onset of research and development for discovering efficacious and cost-effective drugs.


Abstract The importance of the electron transfer stage for conversions of organo-sulfur compounds is demonstrated. The factors are analyzed allowing one to realize specific influence on these conversions, viz. to initiate the conversions by facilitating the stage associated with ion radical formation, to alter their direction by varying the solvent nature or the state of ionic aggregates. It is emphasized that the above mentioned ways to exert influence possess a rather general application. The bibliography contains 27 references.


This article is devoted to the role of Chinese women during the Second Chinese-Japanese War, and to some aspects of their daily lives. The article is based on diaries, periodical press publications, archival materials and works of Chinese researchers. The Chinese Communist Party aimed to win not only the external aggressor, but also the enemy within the country - Party of the Kuomintang. The author makes a conclusion that Chinese women were forced to take part not only in the liberation struggle of the Chinese people against the Japanese invaders from 1937 to 1945, but also were the social support which ensured the victory of the Chinese communists during the War against the foregn enemies and in the fight for power.


The application and economic efficiency evaluation mode of traditional composition in the field of modern music cannot meet the needs of various types of music in China, especially Guqin music. Based on this, this paper studies the big data simulation model of Guqin sound synthesis and plucking based on computer composition technology. The computer composition technology uses the discrete dynamic modeling technology of complex system to complete the computer simulation of Guqin sound through the analysis of the correlation between Guqin music data and realizes the storage and analysis of the generated Guqin sound data. In addition, the technology can analyze the data information of composition mode in the piano sound plucking simulation model with the classical Guqin music data stored in the cloud system over the years and then feed it back to relevant professionals for verification. The experimental results show that the Guqin sound simulation model can efficiently compare and analyze the melody and other data of classical Guqin sound with the simulated Guqin sound and can realize secondary data mining. This paper studies the application of computer composition method based on discrete dynamic modeling technology in Guqin sound simulation, which has certain reference significance for improving the cloud data in China's modern music field and the intelligent construction of Guqin sound data cloud storage system.


Abstract Phase structures and transitions were monitored in real time for a fully hydrated 1:1 mixture of saturated and native monogalactosyldiacylglycerol using an x-ray beamline at the Daresbury (U.K.) Synchrotron Lab. A single phase characterized by a single diffraction peak at ca. 3.18 nm is observed over all temperatures studied. The initial crystalline acyl chain phase is equivalent to the LC2 subcell packing observed in fully saturated mixtures. The transition from the LC2 to the liquid crystalline phase may involve the appearance of intermediate states. Subsequent temperature changes do not produce a change in the liquid crystalline acyl chain phase over a time interval of hours.


"These advances can improve the quality of life for the patient during treatment. And for many types of cancer, improve targeting, reduce recurrence, and improve survival rates," said May Abdel-Wahab, Director of the IAEA's Human Health Division. "In addition, some of these new technologies, such as stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), may complement new immunotherapy treatments by enhancing the immunogenicity of the cancer."


Bill Bunge was a geographer whose path was unconventional and whose transformative contributions can be difficult to bring into sharp focus using the lenses of the present. He was associated with s...


Secukinumab (SEC) proved to be an effective treatment for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in previous randomized clinical trials [1]. There is only limited knowledge on prediction of low disease activity (LDA) and treatment strategy in PsA patients under SEC treatment in routine clinical care.Using real-world data from the German non-interventional study AQUILA [2], the main objectives were (1) to predict LDA in individual PsA patients treated with SEC through machine learning methods and (2) to identify the most important predictors and their influence on the prediction using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI).Data of 1041 PsA patients from the AQUILA study were used. Thirty-three demographic, clinical and treatment parameters at baseline (BL) served as input data to develop prediction models. LDA was defined as physician global assessment (PhGA) ≤ 2 at week (w) 16 (+/- 6 w). Samples were divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. Ten different prediction models were applied and compared. Model performance was measured using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) which represents the probability that a randomly selected patient with LDA will have higher prediction to achieve LDA than a patient with moderate/high disease activity. Additionally, sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were computed and express the proportion of correctly identified patients who reach or don't reach LDA at w16, respectively. Shapley XAI estimated importance and impact of each predictor based on how it affected the change in individual prediction [3].The most influencing predictor was patient global assessment (PGA) at BL, followed by PhGA, number of pretreatments with biologics, tender joint count and age (Figure 1 A). AUROC of the best prediction model was 0.68 in validation cohort. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 and 0.64, respectively. Applied XAI approach showed that lower BL values of all main predictors have higher probability of reaching LDA at w16. The highest probability was evident in biologic-naive patients (Figure 1 A). The approach also provided visual explanations of patient-individual predictions: Variables with values shown in green color increased probability of reaching LDA at w16, whereas red ones showed the opposite effect (Figure 1 B).A promising prediction model accuracy of LDA in PsA patients treated with SEC could be reached and validated. Identified main predictors at BL, such as PGA and number of pretreatments with biologics, and their direction of influence on the prediction mostly match the existing clinical knowledge [4]. The analysis showed that XAI can provide useful clinical insights in patient-individual predictions, potentially guiding PsA treatment decisions in future.[1]Mease P. et al., 2015[2]Kiltz et al., 2019[3]Molnar C., (2022).[4]Kiltz et al., Ann Rheum Dis, volume 78, supplement 2, year 2019, page A889 (FRI405)Figure 1:Main resultsA: Main predictors at baseline and their direction of influence based on Shapley values [3]B: Explanation of patient-individual prediction of 79% using baseline dataAmerican College of Rheumatology (ACR), TJC (tender joint count), patient global assessment (PGA), physician global assessment (PhGA), Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID), Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)NIL.Asmir Vodencarevic Employee of: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Jan Brandt-Juergens Consultant of: AbbVie, Affibody, BMS, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Medac, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, UCB, Daniel Peterlik Employee of: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Benjamin Gmeiner Employee of: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Uta Kiltz Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GSK, Grünenthal, Hexal, Janssen, MSD, Novartis Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GSK, Grünenthal, Hexal, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB.


This study examines the relationship between organizational Commitment (OC), Stressors (ST) and Technological stress (TNS) in Nigerian organizations. The study is based on 50 samples drawn from Nigerian postgraduate students of University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), who are on study leave. Quite surprisingly, however, one finds little empirical research with conceptual models of the relationships between OC, TS and TNS. This study is premised on Person – Environment fit model which either occurs between the values of a person, and the environmental resources available, or between the abilities of the person, and the demands placed by the environment. A model was proposed and two questions were asked and empirically answered. Q1: Does strong relationship exist between OC and TS in organizations. Q2: Does relationship exist between OC and TNS that affect adoption behavior in firms. SPSS software was employed for the analysis. Despite the varying views of the respondents on the influence of additional factors, it was generally demonstrated that relationships exist between OC, TS and TNS.


The purpose of this project is to design multiple controllers to reject a variety of disturbance classes such as a step, ramp and sinusoidal functions in a Feedback Incorporated laboratory scale magnetic suspension system. The system is non-linear and unstable so the controllers first stabilize a 21g hollow steel ball around a desired equilibrium and the ball is able to track a reference input signal. The controllers, implemented on an xPC Target Box in software, are created so that the system has minimal steady-state error, a fast settling time and a limited amount of overshoot. Previous work has been done using the magnetic suspension system, but no prior work has been performed to include disturbance rejection techniques. In accomplishing this task, the Internal Model Principle, developed by B.A. Francis and W. M. Wonham is implemented. The theory behind this principle is that the controller is designed to include a model of the disturbance to be rejected while also augmenting plant poles onto a desired transfer function. When a disturbance becomes present in the system, the model, having already accounted for this disturbance, completely rejects the disturbance signal and leaves the system output unchanged.


Saturation of the current transformer is a major factor of affecting the correct operation of busbar protection. At present, tests to CT saturation mainly focus on dynamic-module and digital-module. A special CT which is easy to saturate is put forward, through which saturation waves under different conditions are analyzed. Taking busbar protection devices as an example, the test methods of CT saturation during the design process are provided.


The relativistic corrections to the color-octet $J/\psi$ hadroproduction at the Tevatron and LHC are calculated up to $\mathcal{O}(v^2)$ in nonrelativistic QCD factorization frame. The short distance coefficients are obtained by matching full QCD with NRQCD results for the partonic subprocess $g+g\to J/\psi ({}^1S_0^{[8]},{}^3S_1^{[8]}, {}^3P_J^{[8]})+g$, $q+\bar{q}\to J/\psi ({}^1S_0^{[8]},{}^3S_1^{[8]}, {}^3P_J^{[8]})+g$ and $g+q({\bar{q}})\to J/\psi ({}^1S_0^{[8]},{}^3S_1^{[8]}, {}^3P_J^{[8]})+q({\bar{q}})$. The short distance coefficient ratios of relativistic correction to leading order for color-octet states ${^1}S_{0}^{[8]}$, ${^3}S_{1}^{[8]}$, and ${^3}P_{J}^{[8]}$ at large $p_T$ are approximately -5/6, -11/6, and -31/30, respectively, for each subprocess, and it is 1/6 for color-singlet state ${^3}S_{1}^{[1]}$. If the higher order long distance matrix elements are estimated through velocity scaling rule with adopting $v^2=0.23$ and the lower order long distance matrix elements are fixed, the leading order cross sections of color-octet states are reduced by about a factor of $20\sim40%$ at large $p_T$ at both the Tevatron and the LHC. Comparing with QCD radiative corrections to color-octet states, relativistic correction is ignored along with $p_T$ increasing. Using long distance matrix elements extracted from the fit to $J/\psi$ production at the Tevatron, we can find the unpolarization cross sections of $J/\psi$ production at the LHC taking into account both QCD and relativistic corrections are changed by about $20\sim50%$ of that considering only QCD corrections. These results indicate that relativistic corrections may play an important role in $J/\psi$ production at the Tevatron and the LHC.


In the L2-norm the average error of Hermite-Fejer interpolation sequence based on the Chebyshev nodes of the second kind on the 1-fold integrated Wiener space is discussed,and the weakly asymptotically order is determined.


SEYMOUR, Susan C., WOMEN, FAMILY AND CHILD CARE IN INDIA: A World in Transition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, 323pp., Rs. 595 softcover. The book is an outcome of a meticulous anthropological research spanning a period of three decades in a `rapidly urbanizing and modernizing,' yet backward, region of India. The author's concern is to grasp the cultural and structural dynamics of the families in two areas of Bhubaneswar, the capital city of the State Orissa. Within the family, the focus again falls on the lives of women and children. To the author, India's 'culturally idealized family,' which gives prominence to the collective interests, is male oriented, both in terms of its structure and values and therefore it is patrifocal family structure and ideology. Subordination of personal interests to collective interests of the joint household is manifested in a variety of forms. Selecting 24 Hindu families from a caste-stratified area (Old Town) and from a bureaucratic centre in the city (New Capital), representing 'caste' and 'class' systems of stratification, Susan Seymour compares the two systems of family and child rearing practices. The differences in the systems are quite revealing. In India, patrifocal joint family is in a process of transition and it is found in a number of ways and patterns. Sexual segregation is expressed on several occasions in the life cycle of an Indian, particularly during functions and ceremonies. Gender differentiated roles and responsibilities remain to be a strong principle of the Indian family. Women are still expected to confine themselves to their private life, looking after the children and engaging themselves in domestic chores. Childhood experiences for children in the Old Town are characterized by the reinforcement of interdependence from the early stages of childhood which is inculcated through a number of techniques, namely, the need to rely on a number of persons for care and attention, incipient identification with extended family and the elders being in control of them. The child also learns to relate himself/herself to the hierarchy of others and in the 'case of girls, they get to know about the roles and statuses they have to assume in their life. Motherhood is central to the patrifocal structure and ideology, and girls are brought up to become mothers. At the same time, women in the given ambience form support networks among their friends and kin and they have `clear spheres of responsibility and influence. …


Grameen Bank is founded by Bangladeshi economist Muhammad Yunus.Its specifically small loans,has helped millions of borrowers out of poverty.The thesis analyzes the status quo of operation by Granmee Bank in western China discussing the future of the development of Grameen Bank in China's western earthquake region,selection of loans and loan officers,project siting,government relations,etc..


Embedding resistors into the laminate substrate of printed circuit boards (PCB) leads to a packaging miniaturization and a reduction of production costs. Additionally, it reduces the parasitics associated with surface mounted devices (SMD), due to shorter distances between active and passive components. Therefore, an improvement of the performance at higher frequencies can be achieved in terms of better signal transmission and lower reflections. Nonetheless, the embedded resistors technology is not commonly used because a consistent reproducibility and sufficient tolerances have not been achieved in the past. Especially for RF (radio frequency) applications, small resistor dimensions in combination with low tolerances are necessary for a possible usage in certain circuit designs. Applying state of the art PCB production processes for embedded resistors, an analysis of RF-structures using the embedded resistors technology is accomplished in this article. E.g. a design of a termination resistor for grounded coplanar waveguides provides a return loss larger than 25 dB up to a frequency of 30 GHz. As well a design of a 6 dB attenuator is realized with a return loss larger than 23 dB and a continuous attenuation of 6.2 dB with a tolerance of 0.3 dB in the frequency range up to 36 GHz. The measurement results of the developed RF-structures are corresponding to the simulation. With this consistency it is validated, that a possibility is given for the use of embedded resistors in future RF-applications.


--Biases in roadside counts of randomly placed three-dimensional models of perched Redtailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperil), and Sharp-shinned Hawks (A. striatus) were investigated. Counts were performed by seven, two-person survey teams in five vegetation types in September 1983 and March 1984 at Dulles International Airport in Fairfax and Loudoun counties, Virginia. Larger models were consistently seen more frequently than smaller models in grassland but not in forest or woodland. Models were more visible in grassland than in forested vegetation. Foliage structure variables accounted for 58% of variation in model detectability among vegetation types. Overall, survey teams detected between 5.4% (deciduous forest in summer) and 48.4% (grassland in winter) of the models. Density indices calculated with line and strip transect methods were compared with known density. A modification of the mean visibility method produced the most accurate population estimates, whereas unadjusted counts had the highest precision. Quantification of raptor populations is difficult and costly. Most raptors are widely distributed, occur in a variety of habitats and are secretive. Accordingly, survey techniques useful for other birds are often ineffective when used to survey raptors (Fuller and Mosher 1981). A widely used raptor survey technique is the road transect, which yields sample sizes sufficient for quantitative analysis and is relatively inexpensive. In most cases researchers using road transects to survey raptors repeatedly drive a specified route at speeds of 15-40 km/hr on calm, clear days. One to two observers count all raptors sighted in a strip 0.4-0.8 km wide on either side of the road (Craighead and Craighead 1956; Johnson and Enderson 1972; Stahlecker and Belke 1974; Marion and Ryder 1975; Woffinden and Murphy 1977; Craig 1978; Wilkinson and Debban 1980; Peterson 1979; Diesel 1984). Road transects have been used to obtain indices to raptor density or relative abundance in order to assess or compare population structure, seasonal population changes, habitat use, distribution, yearly population trends and to determine activity (Craighead and Craighead 1956; Mathisen and Mathisen 1968; Johnson and Enderson 1972; Woffinden and Murphy 1977). Modifications of the technique also have been used to survey populations of rare or endangered species (Southern 1963; Sykes 1979). Raptor road counts are affected by a number of •nherent biases, principally intraand interspecific variation in species detectability (Fuller and Mosher 1981). Many researchers have assumed that all raptors within a surveyed area were detected while others have acknowledged that not all are observed. Some researchers have developed correction factors to compensate for individuals not counted (Craighead and Craighead 1956; Millsap 1981); others have cautioned against literal interpretation of data collected from densely vegetated habitats or for less observable species (Mathisen and Mathisen 1968; Kiff and Axelson 1977; Craig 1978). Other sources of bias include variations in terrain and alterations in roadside vegetation that affect visibility; variation in raptor dispersion with changes in perch availability; variability in prey abundance; change in activity of raptors with weather, season and time of day; and differences in observer expertise (Cade 1969; Stahlecker and Belke 1974; Fuller and Mosher 1981). Effect of biases on road transect data remain poorly understood since the technique has not been evaluated in an area where raptor populations are known. A number of techniques are available to adjust transect data for passerine birds (e.g., Emlen 1971; Burnham et al. 1980; Anderson and Ohmart 1981; Ramsey and Scott 1981; Tilghman and Rusch 1981). Compared to raptor road transects, however, passerine transects are shorter, sample sizes are often larger, habitat and terrain is generally more homogeneous and travel by foot through undisturbed vegetation is possible. Nevertheless, a modification of one or more techniques, when applied to raptor road counts, might improve reliability of population estimates (Andersen et al. 1985). Objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate the accuracy and precision of population indices from unadjusted road transect data for three raptor species SPRING 1988 RAPTOR ROAD COUNTS 9


Firstly,this paper lists several accidents caused by lack of safety leadership,pointing out the deficiencies in safety management and construction of safety culture.Then the concept of leadership and the difference between safety leadership and safety management are explored.There are four phases in the theoretical development of safety leadership.The key elements of transactional leadership and transformational leadership and their influence on safety performance are discussed.The significances of safety leadership are further discussed.Finally,the safety leadership of three different levels of management is analyzed and compared,which includes decision-making level,middle management level and lower management level.The study indicates that management leadership is not only an essential part of safety management,but also fundamental to an effective safety culture in an organization,which determines the other employees' safety attitudes and behaviors.


The inclusion complexes of a-cyclodextrin(a-CD) with amphoteric surfactant s (C11H23CONHCOONa,SF) in aqueous solutions have been studied by surface tension measurement at different temperatures. The surface tension curves of the surfac tants in the presence of a-CD are higher than that in the absence of a-CD. T he curves raise higher with the increase of a-CD concentrations for surfactant . The apparent critical micelle concentration(cmc) of the surfactant varies li nearly with a-CD concentration. The Inclusion constants (Ka) of the inclusion complexes were determined by surface tension at different temperatures. Ka decre ases with the increase of temperature. In addition, the standard molar Gibbs ene rgies, enthalpies, entropies were derived for the interaction process by Ka at d ifferent temperatures. The results indicated that the association of surfactants with a-CD are favorable by both enthalpy and entropy changes, proving that hy drophobic interaction was most one of the binding forces of cyclodextrin inclusi on complex.


Singaporean college students (N = 262) were surveyed about their awareness of visual media literacy. One hypothesis and two research questions are posed comparing awareness of media literacy components for two educational conditions—students enrolled in mass media production programs vs. those enrolled in other programs. Potential effects of cultivation and censorship on media literacy awareness also are explored. Findings include that media education corresponds to an increased awareness of media literacy; the effect was more pronounced for production-oriented rather than consumption-oriented components. Media students reported lower awareness of the ability to distinguish fact from fiction than non-media students, suggesting a cultivation effect. Conclusions address media literacy theory.


To the Editor:— Dr. Henry A. Schenkin's article, "Motorized Intermittent Traction for Treatment of Herniated Cervical Disk," inThe Journalfor Nov. 13, 1954, page 1067, which extols the virtues of intermittent traction as a means of restoring cervical lordosis in patients who suffer from cervical nervous compression syndromes, brings to mind the suggestion that, to render spinal traction effective, it is necessary to apply the same amount of tractive force to both ends of a short segment of the vertebral column. The principle of biterminal traction, derived from the roentgenologic, experimental, myelographic, discographic, and nucleographic studies, particularly of de Seze and Levernieux, governs the construction of modern traction tables for the application of controlled spinal (vertebral) traction (see illustration).


Chinese characters are not only the symbolic system of recording Chinese, but also the cultural link of national unity. Chinese characters cannot be assimilated in the ocean of letter characters, on the one hand, due to the barrier of geographical environment, Chinese characters have long enough space for development; on the other hand, Chinese characters have developed from sacrifice and etiquette functions to an effective tool for the national maintenance and unity. The Chinese character standardization measures taken by the past dynasties in China strengthened the management and rule of the country and enhanced the sense of national identity. Through the concrete practice of New China, Chinese characters have been reborn and become the cornerstone of Chinese cultural confidence. With the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, Chinese characters will also usher in a new opportunity for development.


The art of time order that the Bible narrates is studied with contemporary narration theory in this paper. It narrates the time concept of the Bible and the story, the character of obeying the time order that the Bible narrated, the phenomenon of disobeying the time order that the Bible narrated and the function of disobeying the time order.


The forensic autopsy benefits from a confluence of many types of information. Biochemical analysis may provide sensitive and specific details concerning the ante-mortem state. On the other hand, many of the assumptions that underlie clinical interpretation of biochemical information are confounded by death and tissue degradation. Furthermore, post-mortem changes may lead to interference that prevents the use of routine analytical techniques. Some of these problems can be counteracted by the use of alternative sources of biological fluids, such as aqueous humour. Collaboration between forensic services and clinical biochemistry laboratories may identify novel opportunities to enhance the forensic autopsy.


Drawing on evidence gathered as a result of collaborative action research carried out in 8 secondary schools in 3 European countries, this paper proposes an innovative strategy for helping teachers respond positively to learner diversity. The strategy merges the idea of lesson study with an emphasis on listening to the views of students. The research suggests that it is this latter emphasis that makes the difference as far as responding to learner diversity is concerned. It is this that brings a critical edge to the process that has the potential to challenge teachers to go beyond the sharing of existing practices in order to invent new possibilities for engaging students in their lessons. The paper also considers some of the difficulties involved in using this strategy.


Problem  The interleukin‐1 system has been implicated in pregnancy outcome. Fetal carriage of interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) specific alleles has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including spontaneous abortion and pre‐term labor. This study was undertaken to compare the frequency of IL‐1RN*2 alleles among both male and female partners of couples experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss with that of fertile control couples.


The aim of this paper is to show a potential applicability of some well-known fuzzy integrals, i.e., of the Choquet integral and the Sugeno integral, in Minimal and Maximal Covering location problems, i.e., in MinCLP and MCLP. Possible benefits of the use of Choquet and Sugeno integrals lie in the flexibility of a monotone set function which is the core of the observed integrals and which is being used for modelling Decision Maker's behavior. Mathematical models of Minimal and Maximal Covering location problems are given. Approach based on fuzzy integrals versus the standard two types of operators is discussed. Ideas for the future work and applications are presented.


The Indonesian Oil and Gas Industry Regulatory Reform. The book tries to analyze the application of the introduction of the competitive forces in the Indonesian oil and gas regulatory reform. The general model for introducing competition in a vertically integrated network industry, which includes unbundling the incumbent, mandated non discriminatory access and access pricing, limiting incumbent's market power in the transitional period and managing social obligation, as well as the choice between vertical separation and vertical integration with liberalization forms the basic of analysis in this book. In addition, relevant theoretical background as well as empirical evidence from other countries are also discussed in this book.


Aluminum nitride ($\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$) is a promising candidate for the manufacture of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodetectors. However, its poor electrical conductivity limits its applications. Herein, a high-performance $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$ nanowire (NW)-$\mathrm{Ni}\mathrm{O}$ quantum dot (QD) based VUV photodetector is constructed via a mixed-dimensional strategy. The formation of isolated nanoscale p-n heterojunctions greatly increases the concentration of photogenerated electrons, resulting in an ultrahigh photoconductive gain (9.96) in the $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$ NW-$\mathrm{Ni}\mathrm{O}$ QD material, which is about 27-fold higher than that of $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$ NW (0.368). In addition, the significant improvement in both photocurrent and response speed convincingly suggest the great potential of $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$ NW-$\mathrm{Ni}\mathrm{O}$ QD based VUV photodetectors. Furthermore, the properties of these photodetectors in an irradiation environment are also evaluated here. It is found that $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$ NW exhibits excellent anti-irradiation characteristics towards both electron and proton irradiation, while the $\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{N}$ NW-$\mathrm{Ni}\mathrm{O}$ QD material also presents promising potential under low-dose electron irradiation. This study can be used as a guideline to design and fabricate high-performance VUV photodetectors based on wide-band-gap semiconductors coupled with other nanostructured systems.


Taylor and Francis Ltd FDEF_A_325430.sgm 10.1080/14702430802252636 Defence Studies 470-2436 (pr nt)/1743-9 98 (online) Original Article 2 08 & F ancis 830 00September 2 08 AndrewTan atan11@ xcite.com; firstname.lastname@example.com Since the seminal events of 11 September 2001, Southeast Asia has become designated as the 'second front' in the Global War on Terrorism. This should come as no surprise, as Southeast Asia has the world's largest Muslim population. Moreover, the crisis of governance that accompanied the fall of the Suharto regime in Indonesia in 1998 and the emergence of political Islam in that country seemed to open up the possibility of the Malay Archipelago becoming a sanctuary for Al-Qaeda terrorists fleeing from US-led military action in Afghanistan that took place in late 2001. This article will attempt to examine the veracity of the so-called New Terrorism paradigm expounded by a new generation of terrorist analysts, who maintain that a new, more deadly form of apocalyptic religious terrorism has emerged in the 1990s and that it has manifested itself in Southeast Asia. In this respect, this article will examine five questions: What is the socalled 'new' terrorism, as opposed to the 'old' terrorism, that has emerged in recent years? Why is Southeast Asia important in the global war on terrorism? How is the new terrorism manifested in the region? Has it replaced the old ethno-nationalist Muslim insurgencies that we have seen in Southeast Asia? What implications do these developments have for countering terrorism in the region?


Observations of hundreds of supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs) in external galaxies have shed light on the diversity of the class and on the natures of the sources. SSSs are linked to the physics of Type Ia supernovae and accretion-induced collapse, ultraluminous X-ray sources and black holes, the ionization of the interstellar medium, and tidal disruption by supermassive black holes. The class of SSSs has an extension to higher luminosities: ultraluminous SSSs have luminosities above 1039 erg s–1. There is also an extension to higher energies: quasisoft X-ray sources (QSSs) emit photons with energies above 1 keV, but few or none with energies above 2 keV. Finally, a significant fraction of the SSSs found in external galaxies switch states between observations, becoming either quasisoft or hard. For many systems "supersoft" refers to a temporary state; SSSs are sources, possibly including a variety of fundamentally different system types, that pass through such a state. We review those results derived from extragalactic data and related theoretical work that are most surprising and that suggest directions for future research (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Many surveys indicate that a significant percentage of DWs fail to meet business objectives or are outright failures. In this paper, we are describing about multidimensional data model for the DWs, which will help in surround facts with as much relevant context dimensions. Multidimensionality is just a design technique that separates the information into facts and dimensions. It gives rise to schema with star shape, Consists of a fact table with a single table for each dimension. Snowflake Schema is a variation of star schema, in which the dimensional tables from a star schema are organized into a hierarchy by normalizing them. Multidimensional model present information to the end-user in a way that corresponds to his normal understanding of his business, key figures or facts from the different perspectives that influence them .We are surveyed on present different multidimensional data cubes, which are the basic logical model for OLAP


The integration of inverter interfaced distributed generations (IIDGs) in conventional power system greatly affect the power quality in terms of harmonics modulation. Hence accurate estimation of power system harmonics is highly desired to design proper filters for harmonics mitigation. This article presents a hybrid optimized technique combining improved grey wolf optimization (IGWO) and recursive least square (RLS) to estimate harmonics. The IGWO used for predicting the phase and RLS is used for determining amplitude of the signal. The performance of the proposed IGWO-RLS is tested using standard testing module. MATLAB/SIMULINK is used for signal generation and estimation. The efficacy of proposed estimation technique is verified in presence of noise and comparing with other hybrid estimation algorithm.


On a global level, the newly adopted United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2016-2030 represent a milestone for human and planetary sustainability and a huge opportunity to address health, inequalities and their wider determinants worldwide.

On a European level, the WHO European Health 2020 Strategy and Policy Framework represent a platform for taking this forward, aiming to support action across …


The cover plant is the indispensable important component while afforesting in urban and rural areas, for improving the view result of green land, safeguard the ecological balance and protect the environment and have very important meanings. It passes this text for plant understanding, reviews as current situation analyzing history to cover plant of our country. The application of ecology in landscaping should be discussed.


The purposes of this study were to examine the predictors and achievement consequences of academic self-handicapping and to explore cultural variations in the pursuit and effects of performance goals and perceived classroom performance goal structures. Data were collected in 2 consecutive academic years from a diverse sample of high school students (N = 675). Performance-avoidance and classroom performance goal structure were positively associated with self-handicapping, whereas performance-approach goals negatively predicted handicapping. Self-handicapping was negatively associated with achievement in English. Cultural differences in the effects of performance goals on achievement and in the effects of classroom performance goal structure on the subsequent adoption of personal performance goals were found. Implications for efforts to alter classroom goal structures are discussed.


All observers agree that insulin material contains sulfur and Abel 1 has shown that sulfur is present in a very labile form, being split off as a sulfide by boiling with weak alkali. Abel believes that the sulfur is roughly proportional to the hypoglycemic potency. Brand and Sandberg 2 have shown that although the sulfur of cystine is relatively stable, the linkage of other amino acids with cystine so affects the sulfur that it is easily split out by boiling with weak alkali. Cystine can be determined quantitatively by the uric acid reagent of Folin and Denis, as shown by Folin and Looney. 3 The cystine is first reduced by sodium sulfite in saturated sodium carbonate to cysteine which then gives a deep blue color with the phosphotungstic acid reagent. Shonle and Waldo 4 found that insulin preparations respond to this test for cystine. I have observed that insulin preparations do not give the reaction directly with the uric acid reagent but do so after reduction with sulfite. The insulin material upon boiling for thirty minutes with 0.1 N Na2CO3 gives a positive reaction without previous reduction, due to the formation of sulfide ion. Acid hydrolysates of the insulin material give the reaction only after reduction with sulfite. They do not, however, give the reaction directly with the uric acid reagent after boiling with 0.1 N Na2C03, showing that the sulfur has somehow become more stable in the fragment split off by acid hydrolysis. It is necessary to reduce first with sodium sulfite to obtain the reaction as in the case of the unboiled acid hydrolysate. This difference in the stability of the sulfur in the original and in the acid hydrolysed material and the behavior towards the uric acid reagent can be explained on the assumption that a S-S linkage exists in the insulin material.


The study investigates the impact of insurance activities on economic growth in Malaysia over the period 1990–2015. Combined cointegration in the presence of identified structural breaks was used to confirm the existence of long‐run relationships among economic growth, insurance activities, human capital, physical capital, and industrial production. The findings indicate feedback effects between insurance activities and economic growth in the long run. The study provides new insights for policymaking to enhance economic growth via insurance activities.


Effects of different concentration NaCl treatments on the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and the contents of Glycyrrhizic acid and Liquorice were studied through irrigating different concentration NaCl salt solutions(0%,0.3%,0.6%,0.8%)to the annual transplanted Glycyrrhiza uralensis.The results showed that under 0%—0.6%NaCl density,along with the increase of salinity,the growing trend was decreased and the biomass was inhibited obviously;the content of soluble sugar and proline in leaves increased significantly,but the content of soluble protein was imposed by minor stress;while the contents of Glycyrrhizic acid and Liquorice were higher than the ck.But when the NaCl density became 0.8%,Glycyrrhiza uralensis dried rot and even died.The experiment proved that the 0.6% NaCl density was the normal threshold to the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.Within Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch could raise its salt tolerance by changing osmoregulatory molecules and the quality of Glycyrrhiza uralensis could be improved.


Hyptis suaveolens is a neotropical annual weed that invades savanna agricultural systems. Although fire, grazing and soil disturbances have been proposed to cause its local dominance, these factors have not been experimentally tested. A field experiment was carried out in a savanna in the Venezuelan Llanos. Six treatments were meant to simulate proposed disturbances and explore underlying causes of the species' local dominance. A matrix population model was developed and for each treatment demographic and perturbation analyses were performed. Results indicate that population growth rate is promoted by all simulated disturbances but fire and nearby vegetation removal, increasing with disturbance intensity, especially under plowing. Demographic analyses show that the increase in population growth rate is mainly due to fecundity. However, germination is the most sensitive parameter. Fire and digging produced a strong reduction in germination, although this negative contribution is smaller than the positive contribution made by fecundity in the digging treatment. Matrix population model analyses allowed a better understanding of the processes leading to increases in the weed's growth rate, and allow development of more effective control measures. Some of them include avoiding soil disturbance and increasing control over germination. We also discuss the constraints of the developed model.


The time-dependent variational principle of the Schr\"odinger equation is applied to a formally exact solution of the Schr\"odinger equation whose variational elements are operators which define a collective subspace of the many-body system under study. This generalizes the procedure employed to derive time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory. Four distinct formally exact time-independent variational principles, including several familiar forms, are derived. Application to a class of exactly soluble models, studied in the vibrational regime, illustrates the different modes of implementation of two of the principles. The general theory of large amplitude collective motion is derived. It is shown that the principles can be applied equally well, using either boson or fermion pair degrees of freedom. Some aspects of the relation to the semiclassical limit are discussed.


Abstract Maize flours were obtained by wet milling or dry milling processes in traditional fermented ogi flour with or without fortification with soy fractions. The rheological and paste characteristics of the products were assessed. Inclusion of soy fractions affected the rheological and paste characteristics of the products, specifically in improving the gelatinization index of the products. The products could be described as pseudoplastic, which increase in consistency value with increasing concentration of ogi flour. The consistency index (K) values are much lower in dry milled ogi flour than the wet milled ogi flour. This correlates the patterns of the peak viscosities of dry milled ogi flours compared to the wet milled ogi flour. Changes in rheological characteristics were more noticeable with increase in temperature and addition of souring (fermentation) water.


The U.S. has decreased in prominence in the global marketplace in recent years because competing countries have learned to excel in cooperation . We are investigating and developing a system that will provide: 1. computer-assisted cooperation among human designers and manufacturing engineers by promoting parallel design and manufacturing analyses and limiting the over-constraining which occurs between the two, and 2. intelligent systems support which manages the complex interactions among knowledge, data, and humans in the DFM process. Our research efforts focus on the attainment of these two goals which are normally considered to be in conflict: concurrence in design/manufacture (which increases the number of communication channels needed) and short product development time. We believe that these goals can be simultaneously achieved by placing much of the communication burden on the computer. This essay describes the ways in which artificial intelligence research can contribute to collaboration within a design for manufacture philosophy. * This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DDM-9113983. The Government has certain rights in this material.


Modeled after the Selvin and Hagstrom study of Berkeley students in 1957, the present study compared the extent and consistency of civil liberties support in a Nebraska college sample to Berkeley. Results at the two schools were highly similar. Support of civil liberties depended in large part on the particular principle involved, but generally about a third of the students could be called highly libertarian. Sources of support were also explored. Those who were female (especially females with early marriage plans), active church attenders (especially Protestants), underclassmen, non-liberal arts majors, and those who reported little or no impact from their college life, were least supportive of civil liberties. It was concluded that extensive civil liberties support on the college campus was far less than an accomplished fact; yet there is evidence that college has a significant impact generally and on civil liberties support in particular.


This study aims to 1) Describe the actual conditions of education, health and welfare development of villagers in Kairatu and Kairatu Barat sub-districts of 2016. 2) Analyze the progress of human development that has been achieved by West Seram District in 2010-2015. 3) Calculating the size of HDI and its forming factors by village in Kecamatan Kairatu and Kairatu Barat 2016. 4) Analysis and mapping of villages related to HDI in Kecamatan Kairatu and Kairatu Barat 2016. Calculation method of Human Development Index (HDI) used in this research is New Method Year 2010. To improve the analysis result to determinant and performance of human development hence used qualitative descriptive analysis tool supported by table, graph / picture, area map, 4 quadrant matrix , ratios and percentages. During the period 2010-2015, achievements of human development performance in West Seram District showed an increasing trend year by year, with an average Human Development Index of 61.53% per year. This condition is supported / influenced by the economic performance of West Seram District, in the same period experienced an average growth of 6.03% per year. Nevertheless, the human development performance of West Seram District has not been satisfactory since it is still below the average of Maluku Province HDI. Local governments in Kairatu and Kairatu Barat sub-districts are still faced with a number of issues, namely 1) limited teachers and inadequate educational facilities. 2) limited health personnel and health infrastructure. Based on the results of HDI calculations at the village level in Kairatu and Kairatu Barat subdistricts, the first and second ranks are achieved by Kamal Village and Kairatu Village while Nuruwe and Lohiatala villages are ranked lowest. This condition is influenced by more advanced economic, health and education development in Kamal and Kairatu villages than other villages. In addition, low geographical and accessibility factors are the main constraints faced by villages with the lowest HDI ratings.


In recent years, the sparse signal processing technique has shown significant potential in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, such as image performance improvement and downsampled data-based image recovery. However, due to the huge computational complexity needed, the existing sparse SAR imaging methods, such as conventional observation matrix-based and azimuth-range decouple-based algorithms, are not able to achieve real-time processing, especially for the large-scale scenes, which seriously restricts its application in some fields, e.g., real-time monitoring and early warning. To solve this problem, this article presents a novel real-time sparse SAR imaging method, which can get a similar image performance to that obtained by the existing sparse imaging methods, to reduce the computational complexity to the same order as that required by matched filtering (MF)-based algorithms. This means that with the proposed method, real-time data processing for practical large-scale scene sparse reconstruction becomes possible. Experimental results based on simulated and real data along with a performance analysis are presented to validate the proposed real-time sparse imaging method.


The essence-γ-polyglutamic acid/chitosan nanocapsule was prepared,and its delayed release property was also studied.The nanocapsule based on self-assembly of γ-polyglutamic acid(γ-PGA) and chitosan(CS) under normal temperature and pressure was prepared using jasmine essence as a model.And the average particle size(Z-Ave),polydispersity index(PDI) were measured at 25℃ with Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS.Then the electronic nose was used to measure the delayed release properties of the nanocapsules.The results showed that with the addition of 10% Teween-80,2% essence and 0.5 mL alcohol,the Z-Ave,PDI and Zeta-potential were 153 nm,0.208 and 35.2 mV,respectively.What's more,the nanocapsule carried jasmine essence had slow release capability at room temperature.The size of essence nanocapsule prepared by γ-PGA and CS was well-distributed,it could be used in delayed release of essence.


All-optical wavelength conversion using cross-phase modulation (XPM) in a HNLF is demonstrated in this paper. The broadened spectrum caused by XPM which is induced by the input Gaussian pulses is given. The output BER of wavelength conversion is investigated.


In this paper, a portable formaldehyde detector based on electrochemical sensor and single chip microcomputer is designed. During the detection, the gas containing formaldehyde diffuses into the sensor, reacts with the inner electrolyte and produces a weak current signal, which is converted into a voltage signal by the working circuit. The voltage signal is then input to A/D through the signal processing circuit, and the MCU is collected through A/D, and the signal is processed, and the operator is communicated through the key and LCD.


In this paper, thiourea-modified polyepoxysuccinic acid (CNS-PESA) was synthesized and used as a corrosion and scale inhibitor for the circulating cooling water system of the factory. Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) has been widely used in industrial water treatment due to its good corrosion inhibition and scale inhibition performance. It also acts as a reliable material for dispersion of iron oxide, good biodegradation efficiency, and phosphorus-free content. The scale inhibition performance for calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate scale with corrosion inhibition performance using different inhibitor concentrations, temperatures, pH, and calcium ion concentration on scale inhibition efficiency were studied. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis on the scale and corrosion of carbon steel with two methods as GB/T 18175-2000 "Measurement of inhibitors in water treatment: rotation coupon method" and electrochemical method for CNS-PESA and PESA were utilized. Compared to using CNS-PESA and PESA for calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate, the scale inhibition rates were increased by 6% and 18.7%, and the corrosion inhibition rate increased by 22.4%. The scale inhibition efficiency of CNS-PESA is best when the calcium ion concentration is less than or equal to 350 mg/L. Moreover, the thiourea-modified polyepoxysuccinic acid (CNS-PESA) was phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor and minimizes environmental pollution problems.


393International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Responsibility of — For injuries arising from "faute de service" — Injuries caused by High Authority to enterprises within Community — Fraudulent certificates of origin of scrap issued by official of Netherlands Ministry of Economic Affairs — Delegation by High Authority of power to issue certificates — Consequent excess payments from subsidy fund to enterprises on basis of fraudulent certificates — Whether plaintiffs as contributors to fund suffered direct injury — Distinction between political and legal responsibility — Whether issue or aceptance of certificates was "faute de service" by High Authority — Treaty establishing Community, Article 40 — Evidence to prove admission of liability by High Authority — Effect of replies given by officials of Authority in Common Assembly.


Purpose:   Diaspora matters have consistently attracted attention of many global actors. Today, many international organizations, as well as continental, regional and national entities, engage with their diaspora across the globe. The overall objective of this study was to examine role of natives in diaspora and Africa development. A critical literature review
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: This study concluded that relevant Governments are crucial and instrumental in promoting meaningful contributions by the diaspora towards economic development of homeland. Therefore, the government was required to increase her involvement through various ways to encourage the participation of stakeholders as well as building an enabling environment for diaspora abroad to increase their contributions towards the economic development. It was incumbent upon the government to create a strict investor environment and level playing ground regulations as well as the rule of law for the diaspora abroad aimed at promoting their participation in the economic development of the country.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that there was a need to establish diaspora database to include diaspora geographic distribution, mapping out of diaspora economic activities, investment flows, diaspora skills, and competencies. The database should also include annual economic trends especially regarding African diaspora contributions towards Africa economic development. The information from the database would inform definite plans for adequate engagement with diaspora as well as harness their contributions. There was need to deploy and embrace new technologies, particularly, digital technologies that facilitate increased social networks, connectivity, and timely information sharing. The new technologies would create a platform where all stakeholders in diaspora matters would interact more freely as they share their experiences and thoughts.


Attractiveness of the social exclusion is not correspondent with its con- ceptual and theoretical establishment. The article explores different problems of defining social exclusion, basic approaches as well as efforts for conceptual op- erationalization. The author pays particular attention to differentiating social ex- clusion from other concepts or approaches, especially its separation from pov- erty, as early use of the exclusion concept appeared as substitute for poverty. The author analysеs advantages and disadvantages of the conceptual turn to- wards social exclusion. One of its advantages is that enables easy shifting from one discourse or paradigm to another. Different meanings and causes of social exclusion as well as models of social integration are being analysed through three paradigms: solidarity, specialization and monopoly. Until now there have been different efforts for operationalization of the social exclusion. The author argues that only the combination of inadequate distributional and participative dimensions can serve as an indicator for social exclusion. Also the article em- phasizes need for more systematic analysis of indicators of exclusion. The con- cept of social exclusion has merged the material and socio-psychological as- pects of the living standard. Tendencies within European social policy to replace the term poverty with exclusion are not fully justified. Social policy needs to maintain both approaches so that it can direct its instruments towards risk groups and prevent poverty to end with marginalization and limited social par- ticipation. Key words: social exclusion, poverty, marginalization, distributional and participative dimensions, social integration, deprivation, inclusion


Introduction: Orthodontic treatment results in a tooth movement that aims to correct the abnormal tooth position into a normal and aesthetic position. The principle of tooth movement that applies pressure produces remodeling which can be seen from a microscopic. Objective: The objective of this article is aimed to describe the biomechanics of tooth movement that occurs when using removable orthodontics. Methods: scientific evidence are taken from literature to support the clear and detailed informa-tion. Conclusion: Orthodontic tooth movement is based on biological principles. The intermittent or continuous forces applied to the teeth, altering the mechanical system and then limiting the cellular response leading to bone adaptation in a new functional environment.


M&D Construction is now at an advanced stage of construction on the R115 million Mafenya Reservoir in South Africa's North West province - a 50 ML facility and the fourth built to date by the company, allied to which is the 2015 completion of the interconnecting 1 m diameter 43 km Mafenya pipeline. Both are public and private sector funded projects that will serve mining operations in the region, as well as surrounding communities.


Acoustic noise in Switched Reluctance Machines (SRMs) is reported as a major problem for noise sensitive applications. This issue has drawn significant attention over the past decades. In this paper, a numerical method is used to calculate vibration with high computational efficiency. Based on this method, general design considerations regarding reduction of acoustic noise in Switched Reluctance Drives are demonstrated and are supported with simulation and experimental results.


Main comments: This paper retrieves the scaling properties of evapotranspiration computed from remotely sensed data (NDVI and radiative surface temperature) based on 3 different sensors and thus three pixel resolutions: Landsat, MODIS and GOES. Using a wavelet analysis, the different components of the flux variability at each spatial scale are assessed. An interesting feature is that large scale behaviors compare well between the different sensors (Fig 4), thus confirming work by, say, McCabe and Wood (2006). The reader misses greatly important pieces of information to interpret the results: first, nothing is said about the type of landscape variability that one can observe in the region: is it mainly composed of natural vegetation ? agricultural fields ? of what size ? irrigated/rainfed agriculture? hilly, gently undulating or flat terrain ? The size


Professor Peter Singer (Princeton) and Associate Professor Charles Camosy (Fordham University) debated the ethics of euthanasia and assisted suicide at the International Conference on End of Life in Brisbane, 2014. The conference was co-hosted by QUT's Australian Centre for Health Law Research, Dalhousie Health Law Institute and Tsinghua Health Law Research Centre.


The present invention with the pin, the switch spring in the installation hole in the switch housing which is installed on a hydraulic actuated to reciprocate by the circuit pressure relates to the pressure switch is operated by detecting the operation fluid pressure of the hydraulic operation of a vehicle power steering device installed flexibly in a pressure switch having a pressure rod which is reciprocated consists of plates connected to a terminal pole located at the tip of the switching housing according to the circuit pressure, which together with the pin, the pin and the plate is integrally is configured, the front end of the plate has the feature that the connecting member to be connected with the terminal pillar assembly. Thus, by being present invention the circuit is assembled to the pressure load that generates a switching signal while reciprocating by the pressure and at the same time constituting the pin and the plate as one-piece connection members to be connected with the terminal pillar at the front end of the plate difference in level of the connecting members by adjusting the spring force and is capable of changing the operating pressure it will become possible to use shared use of the pins and the plate.


Microwave photonic synthetic aperture radar (MWP-SAR) offers a larger signal bandwidth than conventional SAR, and its theoretical resolution can be improved to centimeter level. To achieve same order of magnitude resolution in the azimuth direction, long synthetic aperture is always required, which results in extremely high requirements for the accuracy of imaging procedure. Compared with the conventional SAR imaging algorithms, two major problems should be considered: 1) the scattering characteristics of target might vary from the frequency of signal and the angle of incidence, which seriously affects the coherence of received echo and 2) the imaging of the MWP-SAR system is more sensitive to motion errors and therefore requires higher accuracy of motion compensation processing. To solve the above issues, a high-precision imaging method for MWP-SAR is proposed. First, based on the attribute scattering center (ASC) model, this article analyzes the target scattering characteristics with different frequencies and incident angles. Then, according to the influence of scattering phase on MWP-SAR imaging, an optimal subaperture division algorithm is proposed to guarantee the coherence of each subaperture data and better imaging results. Furthermore, to compensate for the effects of high-order motion errors, this article proposes a motion error estimation algorithm based on subimage registration, where the full-aperture high-order motion errors can be divided into multiple linear components, and the flight trajectory of platform can be accurately reconstructed. Finally, a full-aperture time-domain high-precision imaging method is presented, and the effectiveness of the proposed formation is verified by both simulation and actual airborne MWP-SAR data processing.


Background and Aim: Main feature of auditory processing abilities is temporal processing including temporal resolution, temporal ordering, temporal integration and temporal masking. Many studies have shown the superiority of musicians in temporal discrimination over non-musicians. In this study we compared temporal processing in musicians and non-musician controls via Gap in Noise (GIN) test. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 24 musicians with mean age of 25.3 years and 24 normal hearing non-musician controls with mean age of 24.5 years, in Faculty of Rehabilitation of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. GIN test results (approximate threshold and percent of corrected answers) obtained and analyzed by Mann-Whitney non-parametric statistical test. Results: There was significant difference between approximate threshold and percent of corrected answers between musicians and non-musician group (p 0.05). Conclusion: the lower approximate threshold and the more corrected answers in GIN test by musician group indicate rapid auditory temporal processing ability of this group rather than non-musicians group. This might be related to effects of musical training on central auditory processing.


3D video quality evaluation received much attention from researchers due to the demand from the industry and to the complex nature of true 3D video perception. The availability of public 3D video databases provides an opportunity for researchers and developers to evaluate novel objective 3D video quality evaluation metrics. In this paper, a stereoscopic 3D video database for the evaluation of visual quality assessment metrics is described. The effects of random packet losses on the overall 3D perception (i.e., distortions due to different packet loss rates) are considered in this research. The database presented here contains 54 test stimuli from 9 reference test video sequences corresponding to 6 different packet loss rates, including the uncorrupted 3D video sequence. In order to obtain true 3D video perception, about 1730 individual human quality observations (Opinion Scores (OS) of subjects) are considered for this database. The obtained Differential Mean Opinion Scores (DMOS) can be effectively used for evaluating 3D video quality metrics, as well as for designing new 3D video quality evaluation methods. Together with DMOS values, we provide the corresponding objective quality measurements using several objective quality metrics. The designed 3D video database will be freely available for download and use in scientific research.


Background: Frequent, excessive use of over‐the‐counter or prescription analgesics may lead to analgesic rebound headache. Little is known about the magnitude of the health problem posed by analgesic rebound headache, its epidemiology, the characteristics of analgesic rebound headache sufferers, or about physicians' approaches to treatment.


T he aim of the research was to reveal the reaction of the stock market on the company to merger announcements. It was an empirical study on the companies listed on IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) in the period 2004-2014 by looking at the abnormal return around the time of the announcement, comparing the average abnormal return and the average trading volume activity before and after the merger. This was a comparative research a case study. It was also an event study. The population in this study included 39 companies that announced merger in the period of 2004-2014 with a total sample of 30 companies selected through a purposive sampling technique. The period of the research was 21 days, 10 days before and 10 days after the announcement. T he results of the research showed that the probability value or significance value of AR, AAR and TVA was greater that the significance level used. The abnorrnal return around   the   time   of   the   announcement   was   not   significant   either   before   the announcement t-10 until t-1 or after the announcement t+1 until to t+10, and at the time of the announcement t+0. The average abnormal return (AAR) 10 days before and 10 days after the announcement was 0.899>0.05 meaninng there was no significant difference before and after the merger announcement. The average TVA 10 before and 10 days after the announcement was 0.600>0.05 so there was no significant difference. It can be concluded that the average AR and the average TVA before and after the announcement of the merger indicated that there was no significant difference . Keywords: Merger Announcement, Event Study, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity.


Heavy-duty diesel vehicles contribute a substantial fraction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) to the on-road vehicle emission inventory. The objectives of this study are to estimate roadway link-based emission rates for heavy-duty trucks for use in emission inventory estimation and to quantify the impact of factors affecting truck emissions. A speed–acceleration modal emission approach is developed from a database gathered via a portable emission measurement system for single rear-axle and tandem-axle dump trucks. Second-by-second real-world truck speed profiles on links are analyzed on the basis of observed patterns of time distributions of speed–acceleration modes. Link-based emission rates are estimated as the product of the fraction of time spent in each mode and the corresponding modal average emission rate. The sensitivity of link-based emission rates to key factors including chassis type, vehicle load, and fuel type is discussed. Single rear-axle trucks have lower emission rates than do tandem-axle trucks for carbon dioxide, PM, nitric oxide (NO), and hydrocarbons (HC) but higher carbon monoxide (CO) emission rates. Loaded trucks have higher fuel use and emissions than unloaded trucks. Replacing diesel fuel with biodiesel fuel for heavy-duty trucks may reduce tailpipe NO exhaust emissions and will reduce emissions of PM, CO, and HC. However, both fuels generate similar CO2 emissions. Benchmark comparisons for link-based emission rates show that NO emission rates increase with mean speed. However, link-based CO and HC emission rates were not as sensitive to speed variation as NO emissions. The link-based emission rate approach is recommended to couple heavy-duty vehicle emission inventory estimation with transportation demand models.


In October 2000 a US research group headed by Tom Wellems of the US National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases announced that they had identified a gene that mutates to make the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite resistant to chloroquine. The pfcrt gene is on chromosome 7 and codes for a protein on the surface of the parasites stomach. It was identified by the group by crossing chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant species of the parasite and by using molecular biology techniques to locate the gene. It is noted that chloroquine is the cheapest of the malaria drugs and was expected to help eradicate malaria from the 1950s to the 1970s. However resistance to chloroquine developed in the mid-1950s in Southeast Asia extending over most of the tropical world through the years. Identification of the pfcrt gene is a very important result which could change the foundations for thinking about the whole process of chloroquine resistance.


In this paper using neural network models and Monte Carlo simulation to estimate and forecasted the Iran budget deficit. First stipulated fundamental variables and model, studied stationary of the variables and were unstable some variables. Most variables were stationary including structural breaks and the computed Zivot Anders and Gregory Hansen tests. Then there was a little chaotic time series in the review chaos by Lyapunov exponents. More using the neural network model to examine and forecasted budget deficit. In the end, forecasted optimal budget deficit with using Monte Carlo simulation in the presence of uncertainty caused by government policies. Expected results of Monte Carlo prediction show what should it be and neural network prediction show what it is.


The study examined how interaction features could predict test takers' English proficiency levels in high-stakes contexts. Using candidates' interactive task responses in the Cambridge English Language Assessment (CELA), it explored salient interaction features that could distinguish across Common European Framework of References (CEFR) speaking levels (B1- C2).  It further ascertained the degree of accuracy in the proficiency prediction through a canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) in which weighted contributions of the 11 interaction features were created to best predict CEFR level of each test-taker. Fifty-eight video files (i.e., 116 interactive speech samples) were coded for the categories of four interactive features: (1) co-operation, (2) coherence, (3) turn-taking, and (4) strategy use. The results suggest that the selected interaction features distinguish test-takers' CEFR levels with over 50-60 % accuracy especially regarding interactive turn and initiation. Findings offer direct implications to ESL classrooms and provide evidence to enhance our understanding of the complex nature of interactional competence in the context of the high-stakes speaking assessment.


Abstract Sometimes the presence of the union or unions at the company did not have the strength. The position of workers or contract workers is even more difficult, because the protection of the law for workers or contract workers is still weak. Population growth is higher and less balanced distribution of the population, a factor that greatly affects on employment issues in the homeland of Indonesia. In the literature of existing labor law, labor relations history in Indonesia begins with a very bleak future that slavery in which the oppression and inhuman treatment committed by parties capable of socio-economic as well as the rulers at that time. The contract workers can demand higher wages on employers as a result of the prices of basic necessities rise caused by rising fuel prices and employers reject wage hike demands of workers for reasons not yet expired letters of intent. The new labor agreement will expire in 2014.


When Strabo, in his third book, describes the Iberian Mediterranean coast, he incorporates the name of its major cities, those which marked out the maritime route followed by his informants. Saguntum, the triunfant oppidum besieged by Hannibal, is one of his required citations. Following Saguntum, Strabo immediately adds other still unknown toponyms. One of them with a linguistic morphology closer to Semites words rather than to Greek-origin ones, being these latter the terms he has been identified with. The aim of this paper is to propose a Semite origin to Strabo's toponym Kαρταλίας, to implement it to the term Sa- guntum, and to closely relate it to other similar toponyms such as Ἀλθαία and Cartala, terms used by Polybius and Livy, respectively, to refer to the Olcades' main city.


This book provides a comprehensive and practically oriented account of EU competition procedure and the European Commission's role in enforcement, coordination, and policy-making, from the perspective of EU enforcers. It explains the Commission's approach to each aspect of enforcement: its investigatory practices and powers, interactions with parties under investigation and third parties, compliance with fundamental rights, process by which it adopts decisions, and application of sanctions and remedies for anticompetitive conduct. Publication and judicial review of Commission decisions is also be discussed. In particular, the book provides a complete view of the Commission's role in enforcement and coordination at the international level. Following the implementation of the Damages Directive, the book examines cooperation between the Commission and national courts, with regard to the increasing role of private enforcement actions. It emphasises the importance of cooperation between the Commission and national competition authorities (NCAs) of the Member States and consider the impact of the forthcoming Directive on empowerment of NCAs ('ECN+'), as well as the Commission's engagement with NCAs in third countries and the instruments which facilitate this.


Whether it is smart wireless platforms or continuous downhole information monitoring, effective process control and asset management is all about taking greater control over the production process. An important way to achieve this is through developing a "central nervous system" for offshore operations to give greater predictability in operations and production, more efficient use of people, and to improve reservoir performance.


In this paper, a band-limited three-level modulation scheme is presented which aims to balance the average capacitor voltages in neutral-point-clamped converters under all load operating conditions. Compared to previous three-level modulation schemes, the proposed scheme provides a trade-off between voltage balancing performance and switching losses. Consequently, helping in optimizing the system's footprint and its operating cost. A variable current band is calculated in order to provide the necessary control action for balancing the average (as opposed to instantaneous) capacitor voltages. The proposed modulation scheme is tested under both linear and nonlinear loads. A comparison is also performed between the proposed band-limited three-level modulation and other modulation schemes presented in the literature.


Using a phenomenological two-fluid model we derive the Kerr rotation of the polarization direction of reflected light from the surface of a superconductor in a state breaking time-reversal symmetry. We argue that this effect found recently in the superconducting state of Sr 2 RuO 4 by Xia et al (Phys.Rev.Lett. 97 , 167002 (2006)) originates from the spontaneous magnetization in this superconductor. The temperature and the frequency dependencies of the effect are established. It is shown that the effect is determined by one of two mechanisms depending on the frequency of light that is larger or smaller than the plasma frequency. The mechanism originating from the gradient of chemical potential created by the electric field of light penetrating into the skin layer and important at frequencies larger than the plasma frequency was missed in the preliminary version of this paper (V.P.Mineev, cond-mat/0703624 V2).


A 3-D, two-fold interpenetrated coordination polymer [Cd(SDC)(H2O)] has been synthesized using trans-4,4′-stilbenedicarboxylic acid (H2SDC) and Cd(NO3)2 · 6H2O under hydrothermal conditions, and characterized. Single crystal X-ray structural analysis indicates that the title compound crystallizes in a monoclinic lattice, P2/c with a = 15.158(2), b = 6.4390(15), c = 7.1330(19) Å, β = 91.937(2)°, Z = 1, V = 695.8(3) Å3, D c = 1.888 Mg m−3, F(000) = 390, R 1 = 0.0476, wR 2 = 0.0935. The title compound has an interpenetrated (4,4) topology in which Cd(II) has greatly distorted hexahedral geometry. There are two distinct double-strand helicates, and interpenetrated rhombic nanochannels in the 3-D open framework. Compound 1 exhibits expected strong luminescence at λ max = 460 nm upon excitation at 392 nm.


The introduction of digital computers in hydrographic surveying has led to a decrease in routine work and an increase in time for decision making. In merchant ships there are likely to be similar benefits, but there are many facets to the introduction of digital computers. The main criterion, if the introduction is to be a success, must be a considerable improvement in the performance of men and equipment when compared with the additional cost of a revised system, including training in its use. There are two main decision-making phases in navigation—voyage planning and watchkeeping; we must therefore consider the assistance that electronic data processing could give to the navigator in providing data on which plans can be evaluated, progress monitored and decisions made.


Two new alleles, C and c, involved in mating type expression were demonstrated. A dominant allele, C(cycler), must be present for the expression of the rhythm involving a sequential alternation of the two complementary mating types (III and IV). Cultures can be entrained with light‐dark cycles. The phase of each clone can be characterized by its III to IV and IV to III transitions in relation to the zero hour of a given light‐dark cycle. Phase is a stable phenotypic trait during asexual reproduction, but following sexual reproduction it does not display Mendelian segregation. Instead phase is determined through nuclear differentiation, i.e., the trait is controlled by differently determined macronuclear alagen (caryonidal inheritance) which normally segregate at the second cell division after conjugation. The phase of a clone within its genetic limits is a function of the photofractions and the light intensities used in the entraining treatment. By examining a number of clones a variety of phase angles between the mating type cycle and the entraining light‐dark cycle are found. Dividing cells which are sexually unreactive and therefore do not express the rhythm can be entrained and following entrainment, phase is inherited through repeated cell replications at a rate greater than one fission a day in continuous darkness or continuous dim light. This result unique to this system indicates that the cellular processes underlying the phase and period of this circadian rhythm persist (unexpressed: sexual reactivity requires slight starvation) through repeated cell replications even when the division cycle is considerably shorter than the expressed circadian period. The rhythm has a circadian period in continuous darkness or light (tested for six days) of less than 24 hours. The reversal of mating type ceases in continuous light at higher intensities. Cells homozygous for the recessive allele, c(acyclic), do not reverse mating type but are either mating type III or IV, again as a consequence of nuclear differentiation. Since individual cells with the dominant allele express both mating types, differentiation for mating type can not involve the absence in the macronucleus of mating type determining factors.


Therefore, the present study was undertaken to discuss about the use of information Products and Services in NASSDOC, New Delhi. Scientific and technical information growth is exponential and the users are confused with the right information at the right time. Thus documentation centre has been putting considerable the same effectively and efficiently. For this purpose the Questionnaire and interview method has been used for data collection. The results of this study suggested that Information Products and Services available in the library of NASSDOC are underutilized and it may be due to lack of awareness.


The invention discloses a local Wiener filtering method of an arc window based on the second generation Curvelet transform, relates to the digital image processing field, and mainly overcomes the disadvantages of 'over shrink' of coefficients caused by a threshold method based on the second generation Curvelet transform and poor directional selectivity of a square window. The method is realized by the following steps: (1) selecting a test object and adding Gaussian noise to the test object to obtain a noise image; (2) performing the second generation Curvelet transform on the noise image; (3) estimating noise variance of various subbands in a transform domain; (4) selecting an arc area with the coefficients to be processed presently as a center from various transformed subbands; (5) estimating signal variance of the present coefficients; (6) performing the local Wiener filtering on each of the coefficients; and (7) performing the second generation inverse Curvelet transform on the processed coefficients to obtain the estimation of an original image. The method has the advantages of flexible coefficient shrink, good directional selectivity, clear edge information and detail information and high peak signal-to-noise ratio, and can be used for filtering off the Gaussian noise in natural images.


A wideband bandpass filter (BPF) using two cascaded sections, each consisting of a SAW-like resonator and one or two transmission lines, is proposed. The lower and higher transitions of the passband are separately defined by the SAW-like resonators. The roll-off at the band edges can be controlled by properly designing the SAW-like resonators to achieve a highly selective passband. As an example, a prototype BPF centered at 0.42 GHz is implemented on PCB, in which the SAW-like resonators are realized by lumped elements. The measured filter has a 3-dB bandwidth of 47% and high passband selectivity is observed. To obtain a wideband rejection, one transmission line in the filter is loaded with an open stub and a low pass filter is added. Experimental results show good high out-of-band rejection up to more than 20 GHz.


PURPOSE: A vibration-proof rubber and a nanocomposite composition for the same are provided to ensure excellent physical properties, especially, resistance and heat resistance using a synthetic rubber and nanoclay. CONSTITUTION: A vibration-proof rubber for an engine mount is prepared by mixing nanoclay and carbon black with molten NBR. The amount of the nanoclay is 1-20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of NBR. The weight ratio of the nanoclay and the carbon black is 1:2-1:7. The mixing is performed by a mixer selected from the group consisting of a banbury, kneader, twin extruder, single extruder, intensive mixer, two-roll and combination thereof.


Efficient bioorganic fertilizer made of urban garbage was applied to wheat plant,cucumber and corns.The effects of the fertilizer on the crops and soil physicochemical characteristics were observed.It was shown that the inversion of garbage into efficient organic fertilizer could obviously promote the crop growth,intensify disease resistance,and increase crop yield by enhancing the soil fertility and improving soil structure.


Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a hydrophobic and recalcitrant organic compound that is often identified in contaminated soils and sediments. This study used a short-term biocatalytic method for the remediation of BaP-contaminated soil. Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the toxicity of the treated soil. Reducing the BaP concentration in the soil to lower than 2 mg/kg was the ultimate goal. The experimental treatment used a microreactor to measure the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by the biocatalytic reaction. The haemoglobin that was not introduced into the reactor resulted in twice the amount of released carbon dioxide, as the haemoglobin was used as a carbon source. A reduction in the BaP concentration from 9·4 mg/l to a final concentration of 1·12 mg/l demonstrated the ability to restore the soil contaminated with BaP by the biocatalyst and the biodegradability of the coupling mechanism. An ecotoxicity analysis of D. magna was carried out after a 35 d biological treatment process. As a result, the ...


Two major challenges are presented when applying genetic algorithms (GAs) to constrained optimisation problems: modelling and constraint handling. The field of constraint programming (CP) has enjoyed extensive research in both of these areas. CP frameworks have been devised which allow arbitrary problems to be readily modelled, and their constraints handled efficiently. Our work aims to combine the modelling and constraint handling of a state-of-the-art CP framework with the efficient population-based search of a GA. We present a new general hybrid CP / GA framework which can be used to solve any constrained optimisation problem that can be expressed using the language of constraints. The efficacy of this framework as a general heuristic for constrained optimisation problems is demonstrated through experimental results on a variety of classical combinatorial optimisation problems commonly found in the literature.


In view of the existing problem in coal material cost management which can′t be effectively solved by single cost control method,a new material cost control method was proposed which integrated activity cost method,responsibility cost method with standard cost variance,based on the deep analysis of production system and material cost structure for the coal mine.This composite method,after being applied in the coal mine corporation,is found to be beneficial for improving the production management,but also reducing the production cost.


The Okavango Delta in North Botswana is a hot‐spot of biodiversity within the semi‐arid central part of the South African plateau. This endorheic ecosystem is highly dependent on the annual flood that brings freshwater from the highlands of Angola to the North. However, in many places, the groundwater of the Delta is saline and contains very high concentrations of metal and metalloid elements, making it toxic to the flora and fauna. These saline waters have been largely studied and their formation is generally explained through evaporation and evapotranspiration processes. However, no studies have investigated the geochemical composition of the sediments that host the aquifers. Here, we provide a complete sedimentological and geochemical investigation (major, traces and rare earth elements, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes ratios, Sr and Nd isotope ratios) of the various geomorphological and ecological compartments that form the landscape of the SW Okavango Delta. We demonstrate that the non‐connected underground aquifer is capped by a clay layer corresponding to a major event of dust deposition from the Makgadikgadi pan. We suggest that this aquifer may extend outside the island, below the floodplain and that the hydrological structure of the Nxaraga area is indeed composed of two non‐connected aquifers of different origins. Challenging the model based on evaporation and evapotranspiration, we propose that the composition of that allochtonous clay and the in situ reactions between sediment, water and organic matter in a confined aquifer explain the geochemical enrichment of the water.


Abstract. We present an optimized luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) based on the combination of different organic dyes as luminescent species and silicon solar cells. As a first part of this work, a deep screening of organic dyes used since the 1980s in LSC research has been performed and 14 of them have been chosen and characterized in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) host at a fixed concentration (1%). Departing from this initial study, an empirical optimization procedure has been implemented, aiming the highest photon collection at the edges of the LSC plate under a solar AM1.5G spectrum. An optimal three-dye system has been selected in order to achieve a high absorption range over the uv–vis spectrum. The incorporation of these molecules in the PMMA host has been made following two different strategies: (i) the stacking of three individual LSC plates (one dye in each) and (ii) the merging of three organic dyes in a single LSC plate allowing Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to occur. In addition, PMMA bulk and thin film on glass plates have been manufactured considering stacking and FRET strategies. Finally, a bulk FRET-based LSC has been manufactured and its optical and electrical performance evaluated and compared to the best reported values used for LSC characterization. To the best of our knowledge, our LSC possesses the highest reported concentration (C=0.80), surpassing Slooff et al. (C=0.73).


This paper holds that the rectification of China's investment in dustry structure has to be implemented through adjusting investment industry str ucture, by means of expanding incremental investment and adjusting stock investm ent, via governmental guidance, making investment structure consistent with the dynamic orientation of industrial structure. By so doing, can productivity of in dustries be improved and optimization and upgrading of industrial structure be r ealized.


Pepper blight is a soilborne disesaes cauded by Phytophora capsici and the demage is serious.In order to investigate the resistance level of pepper varieties to phytophthora blight,the resistance of 36 pepper varieties was identified by drenching them with zoosperm.The results showed that the resistance to phytophthora blight of different pepper varities varied widely,there were 3 varieties with high resistance,3 varieties with resistance,5 varieties with middle resistance and 25 susceptible varieties in 36 tested varieties.


With the continuous refinement of social division and the constantly enriched of life, the demand of the people will be divided into more levels. The demand and consumption habits are also quietly changing in the use process. Especially, affected by the construction and interior decoration, the design of furniture should advance with the times. Through adapting the modular design principles in furniture, it will be more systematic and stringent, and the consumption of consumers will be more free. Conforming to the humanity design thought. Meanwhile, the modular design of furniture avoids the traditional furniture being waste by a shortcoming. The partial module renewal reduces the expense of the user to renew the furniture, and protects user's primitive investment. And it also reduces the resources the consumption, conforming to the design concept of environmental protection.


Discussion of the design, fabrication and programming of a low cost 2m robotic sailboat for entry into international competition in 2011 (Annapolis, Maryland) and 2012 (Vancouver, British Colombia). Vehicle was designed to compete in match racing, station keeping and long distance races. Will outline 2 year student-driven development period as completed by several students of Memorial and the Marine Institute. The vessel has a composite foam-core hull, Arduino-based electronics and runs a real-time operating system. On-board electronics include GPS, wireless communication, several microprocessors, motor drivers and sensors for leakage, attitude, motor operation and weather conditions.


Cantilever construction is main mode for prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame box-girder bridges, but the diagonal cracks on web are often appeared in construction. The prestressed tension is an important part of the construction beyond doubt. This article takes a bridge under construction as the background to analyze the variation of stressed in the process of construction by MIDAS FEA. The result shows that the vertical steel stretch-drawn in advance has to be a consensus in future.


Sir Andrew Herrick Rowell died on 27 August 1973 in his 84th year. To members of the Institute one tribute overshadows all the rest. He was our Centenary President. It was in June 1948 that the bonds of friendship and affection, so strong among actuaries the world over, but which had been so hard to sustain in the preceding years of war and its aftermath, were gloriously restored with the Centenary Assembly of the Institute of Actuaries in London at which Andrew Rowell, newly knighted by His Majesty, presided so memorably. To his contemporaries the Centenary Assembly was a time for old friends and new resolves. To one young actuary, not yet fully qualified, and he cannot have been alone, it was the kindling of a flame of love of and pride in his profession which still burns brightly today.