Poly(propylene) (PP) nanocomposites filled with shorter- and longer-aspect-ratio multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were compounded using a twin-screw extruder and an injection moulding machine. It is shown that with only 1 vol.-% of MWNTs, creep resistance of PP can be significantly improved with reduced creep deformation and creep rate at a long-term loading period. Additionally, the creep lifetime of the nanocomposites has been considerably extended by 1000% compared to that of a neat PP. Three possible mechanisms of load transfer were considered that could contribute to the observed enhancement of creep resistance, which are: (1) fairly good interfacial strength between MWNTs and polymer matrix, (2) increasing immobility of amorphous regions due to nanotubes acting as restriction sites, and (3) high aspect ratio of MWNTs. DSC results showing crystallinity changes in the specimens before and after creep deformation present evidence to confirm these mechanisms. Our results should lead to improved grades of creep resistant polymer nanocomposites for engineering applications.


Nonlinear energy sinks (NES) are efficient vibration control devices. Its application has been studied in mechanical, automobile and aerospace engineering and made some achievements. However, there are little applications in civil engineering. To validate its vibration control effects on building structures, a series of shaking table tests were conducted on a five-story steel frame which is five meters high and six tons weight. Track of the NES were installed on the roof of the frame with rigid connections and mass of the NES was constrained to slide along the track through use of wheels which were made of either steel or rubber. Five earthquake waves with different frequency spectrums were selected to excite the frame coupled with NES under minor, moderate and major levels. Accelerations and displacements on each story of the frame were measured, recorded and evaluated. The experimental results demonstrate that with small mass ratio (2%) of main structure, NES has good performance in reducing the dynamic responses of the frame under seismic excitations. In the time domain analysis, it is shown that NES can attenuate the displacements, accelerations and RMS of the frame. NES exhibits wide-band frequency vibration controlling attributes that responses of the frame are reduced in multiple vibration modes after the acceleration response data were processed in the frequency domain. Comparisons of vibration reduction capability are made between NES with steel wheels and rubber wheels, and it is verified that different damping of NES makes a difference to the effect of vibration control.


The improved/two-stage steam gasification of biomass or lignocellulosic residues in fluidized bed with steam reforming catalysts placed in a downstream secondary reactor has been studied. Two commercial catalysts, R-67 and RKS-1 from Topsoee, were used at their incipient fluidization conditions. At 720-760 C and space-times of only 0.10-0.20 s, with catalyst sizes under 1.0 mm and with steam/biomass ratios of 1.2-1.6, tar conversions of 99.95% were achieved in the catalytic reactor. In this process, tar and methane in the flue gas can be easily lowered below 5 mg/m[sup 3](NTP) and 0.5 vol %, respectively, without using oxygen. The catalyst deactivation by coke from the tar cracking is the main problem of this process.


Objective: BPH/2J hypertensive mice have an exaggerated sympathetic contribution to blood pressure (BP). Premotor sympathetic neurons within the rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are a major source of sympathetic vasomotor tone and major site of action of the centrally acting sympatholytic agent, rilmenidine. The relative cardiovascular effect of rilmenidine in BPH/2J versus normotensive BPN/3J mice was used as an indicator of the involvement of the RVLM in the sympathetic contribution to hypertension in BPH/2J mice. Methods: BPH/2J and BPN/3J mice were pre-implanted with telemetry devices to measure BP in conscious unrestrained mice. Rilmenidine was administered acutely (n = 7–9/group), orally for 14 days, at a wide range of doses (n = 5/group), and also infused intracerebroventricularly for 7 days (n = 6/group). Results: Acute intraperitoneal rilmenidine induced greater depressor and bradycardic responses in BPH/2J than BPN/3J mice (Pstrain < 0.01). Both responses were reduced by atropine pre-treatment, with the remaining hypotensive effect being small and comparable between strains (Pstrain = 1.0). This suggests that vagally induced reductions in cardiac output were responsible for the hypotension. Chronic intracerebroventricularly infused rilmenidine reduced BP from baseline marginally in BPH/2J mice during the dark (active) period (−6.5 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.006). Chronic orally administered rilmenidine (1–12 mg/kg per day) also had minimal effect on 24-h BP in both strains (P > 0.16). Conclusion: The sympathetic vasomotor inhibitory effect of rilmenidine is minimal in both strains and similar in hypertensive BPH/2J and BPN/3J mice. Thus, hypertension in BPH/2J mice is not likely mediated by greater neuronal activity in the RVLM, and agents such as rilmenidine would be an ineffective treatment for this form of neurogenic hypertension.


The objective of study was to investigate the influence of season, viz. summer, winter, and isothermic (spring and autumn season), on follicular and luteal dynamics in dairy cows. Thirty dairy cows (n=10 in each season) were subjected to the ultrasonographic examination of ovarian structures, i.e. follicle and corpus luteum, during two- and three-follicular waves in an estrous cycle using B-mode and colour doppler mode of ultrasonography. The daily temperature-humidity index (THI) was recorded to envisage its variation among different seasons. In results, the size of the dominant follicle was recorded to be significantly different in all seasons during the second follicular wave. However, all other parameters for follicle, i.e. day of wave onset, length of growth phase, duration of dominance, the maximum diameter of the largest sub-ordinate follicle, as well as luteal morphometric analysis had no significant difference among different seasons. On the other part, the THI varied significantly in different seasons with maximum THI in the summer (72.54), followed by the isothermic (64.7) and lowest in the winter season (54.12). As a part of summation, the seasonal impact was barely noteworthy on different aspects of follicular and luteal dynamics except for the size of dominant and sub-ordinate follicle in dairy cows.


Increased unemployment and its banalization provoke different responses from the population than those which occur in periods of full employment. As it becomes scarcer, work appears less as a constraint, while unemployment, by becoming normal, loses its attractiveness and becomes increasingly viewed as a constraint. It is the law of the market. Consequently, it is not advisable to begin by assuming that all decreases of working time would be experienced as social progress by wage-earners. Non-work too can be experienced as a constraint. This is especially the case for the great majority of pre-retirees and retirees. If work is considered as a rare commodity, its regulation is presented in totally different terms than when it was abundant.


When using a Gough-Stewart Platform (GSP) for a vibration isolation or precision motion task, the geometry of that GSP is often chosen on an ad hoc basis. This can result in a number of problems: singularities or poor conditioning; inability to produce desired motions or forces; high dynamic coupling between axes; poor fault tolerance. This paper will show that the class of orthogonal GSPs has a number of useful properties. Denoting the mapping from Cartesian payload velocities to strut velocities as a 6x6 matrix M, orthogonal GSPs are those where either the rows or columns of M are orthogonal. In other words, either MMT or MTM are diagonal matrices. This paper will derive the properties of orthogonal GSPs wherein MMT is diagonal. In particular, it will first discuss the possible geometries that yield orthogonal GSPs. This will make it clear when these geometries are appropriate for a desired application. By re-arranging the rows and columns of M, a block diagonal form is found. Based on this block diagonal form, methods of designing Stewart platforms meeting desired position and force specifications are derived.


Abstract English has increasingly been used as a lingua franca among speakers of World Englishes (WE), including speakers of English as a first language, and English-knowing bilinguals and multilinguals. In English as a lingua franca (ELF) communication, it remains a question as to how lexical meanings are coconstructed and negotiated by WE speakers when they interact across cultures and varieties of English. In this paper, we shall explore how meanings of certain lexical items are defined by WE speakers, and how these meanings change and vary. We have adopted a "free-response word association task" (Garrett 2010: 452) for data collection, and collected data through interviews from informants across cultures and varieties of English. Our research questions include: (a) Do WE speakers from different cultures share identical meanings of the same English lexical items? (b) How do WE speakers convey lexical meaning and make sense in ELF communication? (c) What are the implications of this research for ELF communication, and English vocabulary teaching? Data analysis shows that (i) it cannot be taken for granted that common English words share identical meanings among WE speakers; (ii) meanings of English words change and vary in accordance with ELF contexts; (iii) WE speakers co-construct and negotiate meanings in ELF communication; and (iv) English learners should be reminded of the fluidity and variation of ELF lexical meaning when they learn English in the classroom.


This book is designed to be usable as a textbook for an undergraduate course or for an advanced graduate course in coding theory as well as a reference for researchers in discrete mathematics, engineering and theoretical computer science. This second edition has three parts: an elementary introduction to coding, theory and applications of codes, and algebraic curves. The latter part presents a brief introduction to the theory of algebraic curves and its most important applications to coding theory.


The study of vegetable oils fortified with crude extract of carotenoid pigments from tomato that contains lycopene as dominant antioxidant compounds becomes an interesting research to be done. The aim of this research is testing the stability of the pigment of tomatoes extracts in the vegetable oil treated on some temperature levels. Spectroscopy method is used to measure the respond of pigment stability in fortified vegetables oils which treated by temperature from 25 0 C to 70 0 C . Before the measurement is done by a spectrophotometer which connected to the thermostat, as much as 1 mg of extract pigment of tomatoes in crystal form was weighed for per sampel, then dissolved into 10 ml palm oil, coconut oil, sunflower seed oil, and canola oil separately. The results showed that the temperature treatment causes the value of the optical absorption decreased, which means that the pigment molecules experienced instability. The amount of impairment of the optical absorption with temperature treatment from 25 0 C to 70 0 C at a wavelength of 482 nm, respectively, are: palm oil (Abs = 0.201); coconut oil (Abs = 0.213), sunflower oil (Abs = 0.232); and canola oil (Abs = 0.260). Decreasing value of absorbance (Abs) also indicates the lycopene degradation that formed the derivatives molecule of this pigment. Keywords: fortification, lycopene, vegetable oil, temperature, tomato


Malhotra & Pundlik (1959) observed that after intravenous administration of reserpine there was a significant increase of acetylcholine content in various areas of dog brain but not in the hippocampus, which showed a significant decrease. Malhotra & Das (1962) showed that reserpine given intravenously not only increased the acetylcholine content of the hypothalamus (central area) but also that of the sino-atrial node, the right auricle and the ileum (peripheral tissues). At the same time there was sedation, bradycardia and purga-tion. It was suggested that these effects might be due to an increase in the acetylcholine content of the tissues studied. Malhotra & Prasad (1963) found that 0.75 mg of reserpine administered into the cerebral ventricle caused a significant increase in the acetylcholine content of the sino-atrial node, the ileum and the hypothalamus of the dog. There was also bradycardia, purgation, miosis and sedation. The same dose of reserpine given intravenously did not increase the acetylcholine content of the ileum or the hypothalamus though there was some increase in the acetylcholine content of the sino-atrial node. There were, however, no significant general effects. These studies indicated that the peripheral parasympathetic effects as well as the increase in the acetylcholine content of the peripheral tissues, after reserpine, were probably due to a central action of reserpine. In order further to elucidate the central mediation of the peripheral effects, we studied the general effects of intravenous reserpine


Narrowing of the airways, the cardinal feature of asthma, is frequently a result of airway inflammation that produces mucous hyper‐secretion and airway smooth muscle proliferation and migration, leading to airway remodeling. Heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) inhibitors are a new class of chemotherapeutics that have also been reported to possess strong anti‐inflammatory activity. Thus, the present study was designed to test the hypothesis that hsp90 inhibitors may ameliorate the airway inflammation associated with allergic asthma. Female BALB/c mice were subjected to a standard 25‐day regimen of saline (control mice) or ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization (asthmatic mice). During the last week of OVA treatment, mice also received a daily dose of either vehicle or of the hsp90 inhibitor, 17‐AAG (5mg/kg/day, intranasally). On day 26, mice were anesthetized and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. Asthmatic mice exhibited pronounced leukocytosis in the BAL fluid (BALF) compared to controls. This increase in BALF leukocytes was prevented in asthmatic mice treated with 17‐AAG. BALF cell differential analysis showed that, compared to vehicle‐treated asthmatics, a significant decrease in the number of neutrophils occurred in 17‐AAG‐treated asthmatic mice. Similarly, histological examination of lungs fixed by tracheal instillation, demonstrated less inflammation, less cell infiltration and reduced mucus production in the airways of asthmatic animals treated with 17‐AAG, as compared to vehicle‐treated asthmatic mice. These data suggest that hsp90 inhibitors may be useful in the management of allergic asthma.


BackgroundThe incidence of perioperative bradyarrhythmias in patients with bifascicular or left bundle branch block (LBBB) and the influence of an additional first-degree atrioventricular (A-V) block has not been evaluated with 24-h Holter electrocardiographic monitoring. Therefore the authors asses


The recent global pandemic revealed just how unprepared faculty and doctoral students at many U.S. colleges and universities were to teach online. In this study, we investigate the extent to which current and recently graduated doctoral students are prepared to teach online, how they are rewarded for those online teaching skills, and how they could be more effectively prepared. To answer these questions, we surveyed the beliefs of doctoral students and recently graduated faculty members from a Midwestern private university and a Southeastern state university regarding online teaching preparedness compared with those of faculty, department chairs, and deans. We also used data from a summer teaching pilot program to explore best practices for improving doctoral students' preparation to teach online. Findings suggest that educating doctoral students to teach in a virtual world can increase students' confidence and ability to teach in this mode and can be cost effective if offered across disciplines. However, while doctoral students believe that online competency is important in hiring and tenure decisions, deans and department chairs do not necessarily agree, and few schools provide meaningful preparation for online teaching to their doctoral students.


The former The former essay has as an objective to investigate the conceptions of the teachers from Physics Graduation distance course of UNIFEI about the utilization and management of the TelEduc's tools, virtual environment used to offer the course, with the finality of mediating the knowledge. With this pretension, a Distance Higher Education's panorama is initially presented, related to the implementation of public politics from this educational field. Stands out the relevance of analyzing the possibilities of effectiveness of this education and learning process and the use of the TelEduc's tools by the teachers. Such analysis had as a theoretical reference the concept of symbolic mediation by Vygotsky. To that, there were made semi structured interviews with 10 professors from the course that, later, where qualitatively analyzed, having the Content Analysis by Bardin as a basis. The analysis show us that the experience and conception from the teachers reveal an education modality in consolidation, with some difficulties, but also with some expectations and results.


The transition from dental nurse to dental hygienist was a fast one for Anna Middleton, and she hasn't looked back…


This paper studies a modified version of the Vicsek's problem, also known as the "consensus problem". Vicsek et al. (1995) consider a discrete-time model consisting of n autonomous agents all moving in the plane with the same speed but with different headings. Each agent's heading is updated using a local rule based on the average of the headings of its "neighbors". We consider a modified version of the Vicsek's problem in which integer valued delays occur in sensing the values of headings which are available to agents. By appealing to the concept of graph composition, we side-step most issues involving products of stochastic matrices and present a variety of graph theoretic results which explains how convergence to a common heading is achieved


The article shows the features of the construction of cams with a convex profile, the method of kinematic calculation of the pusher when it moves along a convex and rounded surface is given. A technique is proposed to determine the coordinate center of the radius of the convex surface of the cam. Calculations of the stroke, speed and acceleration of the pusher depending on the angle of rotation of the cam shaft are performed using the Mathcad system. Using the Mathcad program for cams with a convex profile, graphs of the pusher lift, changes in its speed and acceleration are constructed. The proposed method of calculating the cams of a convex profile of various sizes with the determination of the lifting height, speed, acceleration of the pusher and the construction of their graphs in the Mathcad system will allow designing cams and copiers necessary for processing cam shafts.


The European Parliament that envisaged as an advisory organ of the European Union whose foundations were laid in 1952 has been granted more powers in course of time and became one of the legislative, advisory and supervisory organs today. At the same time Parliament which is operating as a politically representative organ of the European Union citizens, can take political decisions which are not legally binding. Parliament last accused Turkey of  Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, Hukuk Fakültesi, Kamu Hukuku Bölümü, firstname.lastname@example.com  Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, Hukuk Fakültesi, Kamu Hukuku Bölümü, email@example.com


The improved micro diffuser was suggested in the design of a 6cm-diameter micro turbine engine MJ-S1. The improved micro diffuser,which is composed of the full blades and splitters in the passage rear,can avoid significant mixing of airflow and air velocity of annular turning bend while reducing Mach number losses. The design method of the improved diffuser was put forward in this paper. The effects of passage area and blade angle on the diffuser characteristic were studied by using the computation fluid dynamic code NAPA. The diffuser has higher performance when the passage area distribution is convex and the blade angle is nearly linear. The calculation results show that the total pressure recovery coefficient of the improved diffuser can approach 0.9,when it is operated in the centrifugal compressor stage.


B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) is a chronic disease with a variable clinical course [1]. In fact, while some patients experience severe disease the majority have an indolent course and die of causes unrelated to the haematological disease. In addition, clinical regression of B-CLL was very rarely observed without specific therapeutic interventions [2]. The mechanism of spontaneous regression is poorly understood, while in some cases it appears to be associated with viral infections, secondary neoplasms and smallpox vaccinations [3,4]. Presumably a spontaneous molecular remission of B-CLL does not exist. Haemodialysis for renal failure has been proven to induce transient neutropenia due to a sequestration of patient's neutrophils in the pulmonary capillary vascular bed during the first hours [5–7]. It was previously reported that in general the haemodialytic procedure does not seem to affect the normal and the neoplastic lymphocyte cell count despite the report of reduction of circulating lymphocytes in a single case of B-CLL with concomitant end stage renal disease undergoing a haemodialysis program [8]. Here we describe a patient with B-CLL in whom the peripheral blood neoplastic lymphocyte count dramatically dropped during haemodialysis due to acute renal failure, with a durable regression of lymphocytosis without cytoreductive treatment. A 76-year-old man was transferred to our hospital because of fatigue, dyspnoea, high white blood cell count, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. On admission, physical examination showed diffuse superficial lymph nodes enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly and oedematous distal legs. His haemoglobin level was 11.2 g/dl, white blood cells 120 £ 10/l (9% granulocytes, 87% lymphocytes), platelets 73 £ 10/l, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 296 mg/dl, creatinine 3.19 mg/dl, serum uric acid 34.2 mg/dl, potassium (K) 8.9 mEq/l, calcium (Ca) 6.6 mg/dl. Lactate dehydrogenase activity was within the normal range and no paraprotein was detected on serum immune fixation electrophoresis. ECG dramatic changes (tall, peaked T waves, flattening of P wave, widening of the QRS complex, prolonged PR interval) were caused by the severe hyperkalemia. The chest films obtained at this time showed bronchopneumonia. The spleen was enlarged (26 cm) as well as the liver with node enlargement in epatic ilum and retroperitoneum while kidneys were normal in size on ultrasonography. Bone marrow aspiration was performed and displayed a massive infiltration of small lymphocytes that immunologically were characterized as CD19þ /CD20þ /CD22þ /CD5 þ / CD23þ /light chains kappaþ , all data consistent with the diagnosis of B-CLL, stage IV and C according to Rai and Binet stages. The patient promptly started intravenous antibiotic therapy, haemodialysis and administration of intravenous calcium and uricase. Table I shows some laboratory data obtained before, during and after haemodialysis and the follow-up of 60 days. It was interesting to see a progressive reduction of peripheral blood lymphocytosis (Table I, Fig. 1A) just after the first haemodialysis. In addition, we tested several factors in the patient's serum which are involved in apoptosis and angiogenesis that, today, are retained as the mainstays of B-CLL pathogenesis. Figure 1B displays fluctuations of tested factors in our case. As shown, we found


Abstract The growth of C60 thin films on mica by Hot Wall Epitaxy was studied using high resolution X - ray diffraction. The influence of the Hot Wall source-, wall- and substrate temperature on the crystalline quality of the C60 films was investigated by determining the full width at half maximum (FWHM) Δω of the C60 - (111) reflex in ω - direction (i. e. rocking curve). With the optimal parameters of growth (substrate temperature = 140 C, growth rate = 0.5 A/s) it is possible to grow 150 nm thick C60 films with an ω - scan FWHM Δω of about 200 arcsec, the best value reported so far, indicating the growth of a perfect monocrystalline C60 layer. Rocking curves of thicker films exhibit a complex shape, which is interpreted as a result of a change in the growth mode of C60 films exceeding a critical thickness. In addition surface cracks appearing on the C60 film surface are investigated using digital image processing. Atomic force microscopy- and photoluminescence measurements performed on the thin films co...


The equations of hydrodynamics for an ideal incompressible fluid are solved to give a simply connected Possby vortex (solitary wave) that would develop in zonal plane flow with velocity shear. The resulting solution is qualitatively consistent with the properties of the Great Red Spot on Jupiter.


This article represents a short reflective essay in honour of the Old Testament scholar Eben Scheffler. It focuses on the writing of the history of ancient Israel texts; examines different approaches to address the history of texts: minimalist and maximalist; and illustrates a minimalist approach in reference to the figure of the Israelite king Jeroboam II.


In this research, the main purposes are making partitions of the projective line, PG (1, q3), q=17, and embedding the projective line, PG (1, q ) into PG (1, q3), as well as finding some partitions of PG (2, q2) as subplanes, orbits, triangles and arcs, and studying the properties of these subsets. Furthermore, the arcs with different degrees and sizes are found besides the embedding of the projective plane, PG (2,q) into PG (2, q2). In the coding theory, there are 14 projective codes that are introduced.


Thinning algorithms are applied in image processing to compute a skeleton of an image. In this paper a new thinning method is presented which differs in its approach from other thinning algorithms. In the presented algorithm the minimal distance of a pixel to the edge of the containing object is used to extract the skeleton. Given an n x n matrix of pixels, the algorithm runs in time O(n2). Our measurements show that it is faster than other known sequential algorithms. The mathematical background of the algorithm and the proof of essential features of the obtained skeleton are based on the consideration of the pattern as a directed graph.


A new method, the multipole theory (MT) method, is presented for calculating the higher order modal characteristics of circular rectangular coaxial waveguides. The results obtained by the MT method are compared with the exact data reported in the literature. It is shown that the MT method is an accurate and reliable approach for analyzing the higher order modal characteristics of circular rectangular (C R) coaxial waveguide.


Modern is a historical condensed results that co-constructed by many subjects pulled to different directions.Modern is a social process backed on the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution.Its development involved the entire world.It also has a positive sunny side and decaying dark side.The latter is epitomized in the third-world countries which had no the two background and were involved in the process of modernization.Unfortunately,Modern China is third-world country in modern time.In modern Chinese literature,We can see the helplessness and decadence of the "modern".Laoshe's Luotuoxiangzi is one of the typical works that show the piece of "modern" picture deeply.


This policy note was prepared in parallel to the report Pakistan at hundred - Shaping the Future. The report Pakistan at the rate hundred discusses options to accelerate and sustain growth in Pakistan so that the country becomes an upper middle-income country when it turns hundred years old in 2047. This policy note discusses Pakistan leveraging the benefits from trade by taking advantage of its geostrategic location in South Asia.


The essential functions of modern universities,such as cultural inheritance,cultural study,cultural fusion and cultural innovation have been clearly highlighted,from the perspective of cultural ecology.The cultural power adjusts the relation between university and society in the developmental process of university itself.Standing in the forefront of and keeping pace with the times,and through cultural cohesion,the university promotes the construction of social and cultural systems actively and sustainable development of the society in an all-around way,in the course of inheriting traditional culture,creating a new type of culture,and spreading advanced culture.


Ciphertext-Policy Attribute based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a widely adopted access control technique in cloud computing. It offers "one to many user access services" which forms the basis of the point to multipoint communication systems. In such type of technique, the number of user attributes increases with the increasing number of data users, which complicates the process of user attribute management. The paper defines a scalable and efficient CP-ABE scheme that groups users in a relative order depending upon their common attributes and stores it in the form of user attribute relationship table over the cloud server. As the users and their attributes are stored in a relative order on the cloud server, the process of user attribute management is made easier. The experimental results show that the proposed system has better efficiency and performance measure than existing techniques comparatively.


BACKGROUND
Polymorphisms in drug metabolizing enzymes are considered as a major factor influencing the incidence of adverse drug reactions or failure of pharmacotherapy. Our aim was to compare the distribution of functional polymorphisms in the genes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 between healthy control group and of patients reffered to our department due to adverse drug reactions or insufficient efficacy of a treatment.

METHODS AND RESULTS
The group of patients comprised of 60 subjects, 218 healthy unrelated subjects were included in the cotrol group. In both groups genotypes of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 were analyzed. There were significantly fewer extensive metabolizers of CYP2D6 in the patient group comparison with healthy control subjects (25.0% vs. 49.8%) while the proportion of intermediate metabolizers was significantly higher than in helthy population (58.3% vs. 38.5%). We also observed more poor metabolizers than in control group (13.3% vs. 6.8%), but the difference did not reach level of statistical significance probably due to low number of subjects. The distribution of either ultrarapid metabolizers of CYP2D6 or deficient alleles of CYP2C19 was similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Clinically apparent alteration of drug effects are often caused by partial or complete deficit of CYP2D6 activity. Our results confirm the importance of CYP2D6 polymorphisms on the efficycy and safety of pharmacotherapy.


An advanced self-aligned high-speed bipolar transistor (HS4) with a polysilicon emitter is presented. The silicided external base region is separated from the polysilicon emitter by an oxide sidewall spacer. The effect of the spacer width and the dopant concentration underneath this spacer on the electron recombination current at the base contact is described.<<ETX>>


The effect of drying temperature,time and supplementary materials on the physical and mechanical properties of a multifunctional biological preservative film were studied.The preservative film was synthesized with an edible and medicinal polysaccharide.The results indicated that using the glucomannan as material,using plasticizer,strengthening agent,lipid,emulsifier and natural preservative as supplementary materials,dried at 30~40℃ for 1h,the biological preservative films could act as a good vapor barrier and have good mechanical strength,preservation.


Results of the fluid-structure co-simulations that were carried out as part of the FleksProp project are presented. The FleksProp project aims to establish better design procedures that take into account the hydroelastic behavior of marine propellers and thrusters. Part of the project is devoted to establishing good validation cases for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations. More specifically, this paper describes the comparison of the numerical computations carried out on three propeller designs that were produced in both a metal and resin variant. The metal version could practically be considered rigid in model scale, while the resin variant would show measurable deformations. Both variants were then tested in open water condition at SINTEF Ocean's towing tank. The tests were carried out at different propeller rotational speeds, advance coefficients, and pitch settings. The computations were carried out using the commercial software STAR-CCM+ and Abaqus. This paper describes briefly the experimental setup and focuses on the numerical setup and the discussion of the results. The simulations agreed well with the experiments; hence, the computational approach has been validated.


Under the influence of sodium amide in liquid ammonia at a temperature no higher than /minus/33/degree/C pentafluorobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene, and 1,3-difluorobenzene undergo deprotonation with the formation of fluorinated phenyl anions, which are resistance to the elimination of a fluoride ion and can be detected by the formation of the products from interaction with electrophiles (with the initial compound in the first case and with methyl iodide in the other two cases). 1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene behaves similarly in reaction with one equivalent of sodium amide, but with two equivalents of sodium amide this compound and 1,2,3,5-tetrafluorobenzene undergo substitution of a fluorine atom by an amino group with the formation of 3,5-di- and 3,4,5-trifluoroanilines respectively. This is clearly due to the double deprotonation of these compounds with the formation of polyfluorinated m-phenylene dianions, which are then converted with the elimination of a fluoride ion into the corresponding dehydrophenyl anions.


With technological development and industrial transformation, the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, comprising architecture, engineering, and construction, has shifted from a traditional drawing-based design mode to a digital and computer-based mode. In recent years, the application of extended reality (XR) technology, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) technology, emphasizes the immersive and interactive experiences between reality and virtuality, bringing breakthrough developments to architectural projects. This study proposes a new design process mode—the BIM-based XR system—and compares it with the traditional design process mode through an actual stadium design project. Three evaluation perspectives including aesthetics, gaze tracking, and perceived usefulness assessment are used to compare the differences between the two modes. The result showed that the use of the BIM-based XR system could bring users more immersive experience and aesthetic assessment preference, and perceived usefulness in design decision-making, communication, and spatial cognition. The gaze tracking result also revealed that the BIM-based XR system can implement the design process more efficient. It is expected that XR and BIM technologies can be effectively integrated to enhance the integrity of industrial applications and establish a new design collaboration mode for the AEC industry.


SUBTITLE: A TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED AIRPORT OPENED ONLY ONE YEAR AGO WITH A CAPACITY FOR 30 MILLION PASSENGERS ANNUALLY, THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA'S NEW INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IS ALREADY SETTING THE STAGE FOR PHASE 2 EXPANSION.


Adventure travel is one of the fastest growing but least understood forms of international tourism. Its role in the economic development of rural destinations and its impact on local society, economy, and the environment are not fully comprehended, even though adventure tourism has been adopted enthusiastically by many Third World nations. This paper analyzes adventure tourism in South Africa and places it within the theoretical frameworks of sustainable development. With its steady growth, adventure tourism in South Africa will play an increasingly important role for national and local development in the frontier areas and therefore the appraisal of adventure tourism for sustainable development prompts critical study of the interactive roles of economic growth and environmental sustainability. By acting as a vehicle for economic interaction between developed and developing regions, adventure tourism thus transfers the concerns of sustainable development to the futures of some of the world's most remote places. Hence, concerns are raised regarding the aggressive growth paths followed, which may have a detrimental effect on sustainable adventure tourism.


: Global warming potential (GWP) of rice paddies depends on straw management. This study evaluated methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions and soil C stocks to determine GWP and yield-scaled GWP under different strategies and intensities of rice straw management in a subtropical climate. We hypothesized that decreasing soil management intensity and straw incorporation in the soil would reduce GWP. Methane fluxes were substantially higher during the rice growing season than in the off-season, while the opposite was observed for N 2 O fluxes. The cumulative emissions of CH 4 during the growing season among the straw management strategies evaluated ranged from 165.8 to 586.0 kg ha -1 . Annual CH 4 emissions were lower when soil and straw received some type of management compared to no-tillage. Daily N 2 O fluxes ranged from -2.8 to 201.7 g ha -1 day -1 ; cumulative N 2 O emissions during the off-season ranged from 455.2 to 2816.5 g ha -1 . During the off-season, strategies to reduce N 2 O emissions include post-harvest straw incorporation using a disc harrow, winter straw removal, and ryegrass cropping. Soil organic C stocks ranged from 35.96 to 38.36 Mg ha -1 . Straw management using a disc harrow reduced soil organic C stocks, with more adverse effects than straw removal. Soil and rice straw management did not affect rice grain yield, with an average of 10.4 Mg ha -1 . Methane emissions were the main component of GWP in all straw management systems. The contribution of N 2 O emissions to GWP was small and mostly (>85 %) determined by off-season emissions. Yield-scaled GWP ranged from 0.64 to 1.06 Mg CO 2 eq Mg -1 yield and was lower when soil and straw management systems occurred shortly after the rice harvest. Our results indicate that soil and straw management immediately after rice harvest reduces CH 4 emissions, GWP, and yield-scaled GWP.


: The results of this study can be used for the appropriate understanding of the drug's effect mechanism on the virus neuraminidase from the perspective of molecular dynamics and assist researchers in the design and production of anti-influenza drugs.


The administration of glucocorticoids can elevate intraocular pressure in some individuals. There is suggestive evidence linking glucocorticoids with the development of glaucoma. Glucocorticoid effects on the human trabecular meshwork can be used as a model system in which to study glaucomatous damage to the trabecular meshwork. Glucocorticoids cause multiple effects on the human trabecular meshwork including changes in extracellular matrix metabolism, organization of the cytoskeleton, and changes in gene expression and cell function. New discoveries on the molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid receptor action provide new opportunities to study the possible role of this receptor in the development of glaucoma.


The invention discloses a wall-mounted medical sharp instrument box capable of being locked. The wall-mounted medical sharp instrument box capable of being locked comprises a box body and a wall-mounted frame which are detachably and fixedly connected. The wall-mounted medical sharp instrument box capable of being locked is characterized in that the wall-mounted frame comprises a rear wall and a base, a rotary locking connecting piece is arranged on the base and comprises a connecting board, a protruding block, a connecting shaft and a locking piece, a groove is formed in the bottom of the box body, an opening is formed in the groove, the protruding block is located in the groove in the bottom of the box body, and the protruding block rotates along with the rotary locking connecting piece to enter and exit out of the opening; the locking piece is installed at the front end of the connecting board and the rotary locking connecting piece is fixed to or separated from the base through the locking piece. By the adoption of the wall-mounted medical sharp instrument box capable of being locked, the box body of the box and the wall-mounted frame are connected stably, the wall-mounted frame and the box body are not easily separated once the wall-mounted frame and the box body are connected, it is guaranteed that the box body of the medical sharp instrument box can not be easily overturned, and potential safety hazards caused by exposure of medical waste are avoided.


A modified rigid string theory with infrared behaviour governed by a nontrivial fixed point is presented. Some years ago the authors of the works [1-4] considered a string theory with the action containing, besides the usual Nambu term, also a term equal to the square of the extrinsic curvature tensor of the world surface:


Subject
 Climate change litigation in the United States.

 Significance
 Following a bench trial, on December 10, New York Supreme Court Justice Barry Ostrager ruled against the state of New York in its climate change litigation against ExxonMobil. New York's failure to prevail on a narrow state securities law claim is not a harbinger of future climate change litigation failures.

 Impacts
 Activist investors will seek outright divestiture or pressure companies to confront, accept and mitigate climate change.
 Some states will try to establish state-level liability; cities and counties will also pursue lawsuits.
 Meaningful federal-level action will need a Democratic president, yet this is a necessary but not sufficient condition.


The lac insect, Kerria lacca Kerr (Coccoidea: Homoptera) is well known for its valuable resin. It thrives on many host plants like Palas, Kusum, Flemingia and Ber etc. Lac cultivation involves pruning, inoculation, removal of phunki sticks, harvesting and lac scraping instruments. Farmer perform these operation manually with the traditional equipments includes secateurs, sickle, spade, knife, axe, shaw and scrapping instruments and these traditional equipment needs modification to increase work efficiency and lac production. Lac constituents is used in various ways as in pharmaceutical industry, cosmetic industry, mirror coating, shoe polish, sealing material in post office etc and many other industry for various purpose. Lac cultivation in India is mainly confined to the states of Jharkhand whose contribution amounts to 57%, followed by Madhya Pradesh to be 24%, and the rest 19% shared by Maharashtra, Orissa and West Bengal. Lac cultivation has proved to be a subsidiary source of income for the village communities of poor people or landless farmers. Lac cultivation serves as both a complementary and supplementary source of income to the existing livelihood options for the farmers. It is also an assured source of income during lean period of agricultural activities. With low cost inputs it gives high returns which make it highly favorable with the farmers. Lac was a subsidiary crop for the growers who depend on it for meeting cash expenses towards family needs and cash purchase for their household requirements. Lac cultivation is one of the important secondary sources of income for villagers and this is particularly more in the tribal districts.


Website security is a major concern in today's world. CAPTCHA are used to protect websites from spammers, bots and unauthorized users. Different types of CAPTCHA are text CAPTCHA and graphical CAPTCHA. Text CAPTCHA are vulnerable to segmentation attack and graphical CAPTCHA are vulnerable to bot attack. To overcome such attacks we have designed a modern graphical CAPTCHA system by combining the concept of reCAPTCHA and graphical CAPTCHA. Our proposed system contains two images in CAPTCHA challenge and user performs click event to solve the CAPTCHA. In conducted survey, it is proved that system gain high usability, learnability, memorability, accuracy and robustness against bot and spamming attack.


1. Chromosome aberrations induced by a radiomimetic chemical, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, in Yoshida sarcoma cells were of chromatid type.2. The distribution of chromatid intrachanges (breakages) among cells was nonrandom. Frequency of intrachanges in each chromosome group was not proportional to the length of metaphase chromosomes.3. The distribution of chromatid interchanges (translocations) among cells was also nonrandom.4. Frequencies of both intra- and interchanges increased proportionally to the dose 8hr. after treatment. However, the frequency of interchanges observed 24hr. after treatment showed no proportional to the dose.5. The aberrations were largely localized in the neighbourhood of the secondary constrictions. Possible interpretations for their origin as well as for their location in those regions were presented.


A common, comprehensive definition of overall timing accuracy discussed is feasible and would be beneficial to ATE (automatic test equipment) manufacturers and users. can accuracy database derived from common definitions of timing accuracy can provide additional benefits beyond the bottom-line accuracy summary. A strong industry need to standardize the definition of ATE overall timing accuracy is emphasized. The definition must be comprehensive, general, and based on NBS traceability. The challenge will be to develop a standard specification that is applicable in the general case. This task may be simplified by developing separate standards for major classes of testers.<<ETX>>


Taking the whole stern tube fitting for the 57 000 DWT bulk carrier as an example,the structural configuration and material of the whole stern tube and stern bearing was introduced.The author also discussed about interference and press force of stern tube bearing,external diameter of stern tube during processing,manufacture technology of the whole stern tube and the press technology of stern tube bearing.


Nowadays, climate changes caused by intense and continuous greenhouse gases emission is one of the most curtail issues that facing the human beings. Throughout the years, researchers have tried to find other reliable sources available to control the exhaustion of coal, gases, and oil. Geothermal energy is one of these alternatives that have been investigated and considered as one of the most promising renewable and clean energy sources. Tropical climate countries such as Malaysia could benefit from this technology due to its high cooling demand throughout the year. Geothermal piles for instance, are one of the methods that can be used to extract geothermal energy by employing the piles as a heat transfer bodes. Therefore, this paper presents numerical simulations as an early attempt to realise the potential of adopting geothermal piles catered to Malaysia's soil condition and pile standards for low-rise construction. A pipe with a U-tube shape wase simulated at three different inner diameters (14, 19, and 26) under two inlet dischargers (0.009 m3/s 0.050 m3/s). The U-tube was placed inside concrete square pile with dimensions of 1.5 m width, 1.5 m length and 10 m hight. The simulation was conducted under two soil conditions namely, (i) dry soil, and (ii) soil effected by groundwater. The performance of the geothermal pile was measured by the amount of temperature reduction in the pipe outlet after heat exchange has been done. The results obtained showed that geothermal piles with lower flow discharge (0.009 m3/s) operation produced more temperature reduction in the pipe outlet. Without the presence of groundwater, the 26 cm diameter recorded the highest temperature reduction, with pipe outlet temperature of 29.89 °C equivalent to a 1.0 % reduction. Similarly, with the groundwater effect, the same pipe diameter recorded the highest temperature reduction, with pipe outlet temperature of 28.43 °C equivalent to a 1.57 % reduction. Based on the numerical modelling results it can be said that combination of 26 cm pipe diameter, at 0.009 m3/s flow rate, and the advection effect of groundwater temperature has produced an optimum condition for the geothermal piles in cooling system.


We discuss the possibility that the X(3872) can be a DD¯* molecular bound state in the Bethe-Salpeter equation approach in the ladder and instantaneous approximations. We show that the DD¯* bound state with quantum numbers JPC=1++ exists. We also calculate the decay width of X(3872)→γJ/ψ channel and compare our result with those from previous calculations.


This paper presents a triple-random ensemble learning method for handling multi-label classification problems. The proposed method integrates and develops the concepts of random subspace, bagging and random k-label sets ensemble learning methods to form an approach to classify multi-label data. It applies the random subspace method to feature space, label space as well as instance space. The devised subsets selection procedure is executed iteratively. Each multi-label classifier is trained using the randomly selected subsets. At the end of the iteration, optimal parameters are selected and the ensemble MLC classifiers are constructed. The proposed method is implemented and its performance compared against that of popular multi-label classification methods. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method outperforms the examined counterparts in most occasions when tested on six small to larger multi-label datasets from different domains. This demonstrates that the developed method possesses general applicability for various multi-label classification problems.


Background: Aging is a natural process during life. One of the aging theories is related to free radical production. Increase of free radical production can trigger lipid peroxidation that result in peroxide lipid such as malondialdehyde (MDA). The lipid peroxidation can be inhibited by body defence system such 8S vitamin C and vitamin E. ObJective: to understand the relation between plasma vitamin C, vitamin E and MDA levels in elderly Method: This was an observational research with cross sectional design. The subjects were thirty two elderly who live in Pakem district, Sleman. Determination of vitamin C and peroxide lipid level used spectrophotometer, whereas vitamin E level was determined by spectrofluorometer. Reaulta : The concentration of vitamin C , vitamin E and MDA of the subjects were 0.50 + 0.26 mglml, 26.38 ..:!:. 7.95 pg/ml and 0.23 ..:!:. 0.13 nmol/ml respectively. The correlation of both vitamin C vs MDA and vitamin E vs MDA were not significant, r = -0.012 and -0,108, respectively. Conclualon: There were no correlation between vitamin C, vitamin E and MDA levels. Keyword: elderly ; free radical;vitamin C; vitamin E; malondialdehyde.


This chapter deals first with another fundamental requirement of a crime: criminal capacity. It is a precondition of criminal liability that the defendant is a person with sufficient capacity to be held responsible. This leads to an examination of infancy and insanity as barriers to criminal responsibility, and then to a consideration of special factors affecting corporate criminal liability. Secondly, this chapter considers fault requirements as an element of criminal offences. It explores some of the reasons for and against the criminal law requiring proof of fault in any form. It also considers principal varieties of fault requirement in the criminal law, such as intention and recklessness.


The paper shows that the story about the origin of Armenians, Georgians and other Caucasians from a common ancestor, namely, from Targamos (Togormah)—The Life of the Fore-Patriarchs and Ancestors of the Georgian Kings, which is represented in the introductory part of The Georgian Chronicles and is dated back to the end of the 11, is a compiled work that mainly contains, on the one hand, an old Georgian genealogical-geographical story about Tarshish's son Kartlos (Iber) and his six brothers ( Egros, Movakan, Heros, Bardos, Lekan and Caucas) created at the end of the 6 c.-first half of the 8 c. based on Byzantine works, and on the other hand, a genealogical story created in old Armenian historiography about Targamos and his son Hayk that went through certain steps of development as well. In the process of synthesizing, Togormah (Targamos) and his son Hayk (Haos) were inserted between Tarsish and his son Kartlos (Iber), which violated the Biblical scheme as well as the structure of the sentence in which the insertion was made. The goal of developing the synthesized scheme was to bring evidence of the common origin of Georgians and Armenians, as long as quite a large number of Armenians, because of the incorporation of a large part of Armenian territories within Georgian borders, became citizens of Georgia. At the same time, the story also offers a justification in the eyes of the Muslim world for the claims of Georgia for Armenian territories. According to the newly-created synthesized scheme, Georgia was "the successor brother" of Armenia (Haos//Hayk) and considering the absence of Armenian states, i.e., "the elder brother", Georgia was the only legal heir of Armenian territories.


We study the influence of the frictional heating on the wind
line-profiles of SMC stars. For this purpose we use our NLTE
wind code to obtain consistent occupation numbers of studied
levels and our radiative transfer code to solve the radiative
transfer equation in moving media. We compare predicted wind
line profiles calculated with and without frictional heating
for a low-luminosity SMC star with a weak wind and discuss the
relevance of frictional heating as a solution of a weak-wind
problem for this star.


Taking the six-hole overlapped tunnel area of Tianjin Metro Lines Z1, 5, and 6 as the research object, the universal finite element software ABAQUS is used to establish a three-dimensional dynamic finite element model of the overlapped tunnel area, and the vibration load of the subway train is applied. The environmental vibration response law of the overlapped tunnel area under different load combinations and different orders of tunnel construction conditions is analyzed, and some suggestions for the assessment and control of the environmental vibration of the overlapped tunnel area are put forward. The research results can provide a reference for subway line planning, design, construction, and operation management in the complex spatial tunnel area with multiple overlapped lines under similar conditions.


Using a dichotic mode of stimulus presentation, four psychophysical tuning curves were obtained: input filter pattern, input extension pattern, output filter pattern, and output extension pattern [J. Verschuure, Acustica 49, 288–295 (1981)]. Stimulus parameters for all tuning functions were: durations 60 ms, rise/decay 10 ms, interstimulus interval (delta‐t) 0.00 ms (no overlap between pulsator offset and signal onset). Stimuli were presented in sequential pairs (pulsator then signal), alternating between ears; e.g., left ear (pulsator‐signal), right ear (pulsator‐signal), left ear (pulsator‐signal), etc. The alternation between ears was temporally controlled to insure no overlap (delta‐t = 0.00 ms) between signal offset in one ear and pulsator onset in the other. Pulsation thresholds were obtained by the method of adjustment for each of the four tuning patterns. Results indicate that pulsation threshold patterns could be perceived when the stimuli were presented dichotically, i.e., the perception of "continuity" was synthesized by central processes. Tuning patterns, generated with the dichotic stimuli and based on the centrally synthesized pulsation thresholds, appear to be similar to those in the literature. Contrasts of the four tuning patterns will be presented.


Graph-based approaches for multi-document summarization have been widely used to extract top sentences for a summary. Traditionally, the documents' cluster is modeled as a graph of the cluster's sentences only which might limit the ability of recognizing topically discriminative sentences in regard to other clusters. In this paper, we propose StarSum a star bipartite graph which models sentences and their topic signature phrases. The approach ensures sentence similarity and content importance from the graph structure. We extract sentences in an approach that guarantees diversity and coverage which are crucial for multi-document summarization. Regardless of the simplicity of the approach in ranking, a DUC experiment shows the effectiveness of StarSum compared to different baselines.


Intravascular imaging technologies i.e. IVUS and IV-OCT are valuable tools for interventionguidance and diagnostic plaque imaging.Chapter 1 introduces the drawbacks of coronary angiography in the clinical practice. In severalcircumstances, IVUS and IV-OCT have clearly an additional value when they are used as adiagnosis tool in case of angiographic ambiguities. We recently reported the first observationusing IV-OCT to describe a coronary dissection of a septal perforating branch causing AMI.Chapter 2 focuses on the inter-institute reliability of IV-OCT to determine qualitative andquantitative parameters of atherosclerotic plaque. The purpose of our study was to investigatefurther inter- and intra-observer reproducibility, the inter-institute variability for IV-OCT (OFDI)quantitative and qualitative measurements vs. IVUS measurements using publishedconsensus document definitions. In our work, we observed that in the measurement of lumenCSA, maximum and minimum lumen diameters, stent CSA, maximum and minimum stentdiameters by analysts from 2 different laboratories, inter-institute reproducibility of OFDI wasfound to be more consistent than IVUS.Chapter 3 present 2 new robust hybrid intravascular imaging technologies developed in Dr.Tearney's laboratory i.e. OFDI-NIRS and OFDI-NIRAF, which may offer supplementary criteriafor plaque vulnerability. First-in-human OFDI-NIRS imaging procedures are anticipated in thenear future. First-in-human OFDI-NIRAF imaging procedures have been performed in a firstpioneering series of 12 stable patients between July 2014 and January 2015. Findings of thispilot study showed that NIRAF was focally elevated in plaque locations where most high-riskmorphologic phenotypes were evident. The biochemical substrates of the NIRAF signal stillhave to be elucidated.


In this paper, we study the partial variable stability of discrete large-scale systems by decomposition and K—functions mcthod, and obtain three sufficient conditions of uniform asymptotic ξ——stability.


Objective
To investigate the clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging characteristics of neuroacanthocytosis.

Methods
Eight patients with neuroacanthocytosis were retrospectively analysed. Acanthocytes were tested by peripheral blood smear, wet preparation with saline dilution, and scanning electron microscope.

Results
Two male and 6 female patients were included. The age at onset was between 10 and 35 years, with a mean age at onset of 22 years. Four patients firstly presented with oral-facial-lingual dystonia, 3 patients firstly presented with involuntary movements of the distal limbs and experienced the oral facial dystonia during the course of disease, and 1 patient primary presented with a parkinsonian syndrome. Four patients had generalized tonic-clonic seizures were reported in 4 patients, and 4 patients had cognitive impairment. Hypotonia and hyporeflexia were reported in 6 patients. The peripheral blood smear revealed the presence of acanthocytes in 7 patients, in addition, wet preparation with saline dilution and scanning electron microscope revealed the presence of acanthocytes in the remaining one. All patients showed slightly elevated serum creatine kinase. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed variable atrophy of the bilateral caudate nuclei and putamen, with or without a rim of increased T2-intensity in 6 patients, but the films of 2 patients were read as normal.Electromyography and nerve conduction velocity were examined in 4 patients. The results indicated axonal damage in 2 patients, and were normal in the other 2 patients. Acanthocytosis was confirmed by peripheral blood smear in 7 cases, by wet preparation with saline dilution in 8 cases and by scanning electron microscope in 2 cases.

Conclusions
Neuroacanthocytosis is a progress neurodegenerative disorder mainly affected the basal ganglia. The clinical characteristics include oral facial dystonia, limbs chorea, cognitive impairment, and seizures. Brain MRI showed variable atrophy of the bilateral caudate nuclei and putamen. The peripheral blood smear, wet preparation with saline dilution, and scanning electron microscope methods of peripheral blood examination are critical in the diagnosis of neuroacanthocytosis.

Key words:
Neuroacanthocytosis; Magnetic resonance imaging


In 2024, the Russian Academy of Sciences will celebrate its three hundredth anniversary. In this regard, there is a relevant need to comprehend the contribution of Soviet scientists to reconstruction of the country's economy after the Great Patriotic War. In 2021, Russian University of Transport where Academician V. N. Obraztsov once worked, celebrates the 125th anniversary. The scientific conceptualisation of the ways to develop the North of the country is of great importance for the development of the transport system of Russia. Hence, those factors determine the topicality of the objective of the article to study the projects for development of transport in the European North of the USSR put forward by Academician V. N. Obraztsov in the post-war period.To attain this objective, the system-structural and historicalcomparative methods were used. For the first time the activity of V. N. Obraztsov, as of an analyst and expert in the field of development of post-war railway transport, is analysed. It is concluded that having the talent of a major leader of transport projects, Obraztsov put forward research tasks adequate to the requirements of the time for reconstruction of the country's economy after the war. Among these tasks, he considered modernisation and development of transport. In the projects of 1945, Obraztsov laid the foundations for long-term planning of railway, road, river, and air transport in the European North of the USSR for several decades ahead. The volume of the proposed construction was enormous. Even though the planned large-scale design of the transport infrastructure was not entirely feasible for implementation in a short time due to limited forces and resources of the country, it catches imagination with farreaching prospects for development of the European North and the Arctic. Academician Obraztsov's programs for development of the north, being of great scientific value, are especially relevant in 21st century.


The process post-evaluation for thermal power plant project is an important part of post-evaluation to reflect the implementation situations foe each stage during the process.The model of matter-element and extension was applied into the thermal power plant project process post-evaluation,and also the process index system included four aspects: the early decision-making,started to prepare,project implementation,investment control.The weight and the scores of the indexes were respectively got by AHP.The result shows that the process of the Baoding eighth thermal power plant project is excellent,the decision is accurate,and the method is applicable for post-project evaluation for the thermal power plant project.The index system and evaluation method can provide the scientific,effective information and decision-making for the thermal power plant project.


[7351-44-2] C11H27NSi3 (MW 257.66)

InChI = 1S/C11H27NSi3/c1-13(2,3)11(14(4,5)6)10-12-15(7,8)9/h1-9H3

InChIKey = UGKYYAJYTDYONV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(reactions with aldehydes; selective synthesis of (Z)-2-alkenenitriles and (E)-2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-2-alkenenitriles)

Physical Data: bp 94–96 °C/19 mmHg.

Solubility: sol ether, THF; modestly sol aprotic solvents; reacts with H2O and protic solvents.

Form Supplied in: colorless oil.

Analysis of Reagent Purity: IR νmaxfilm 2050, 1410, 1260, 840 cm−1. 1H NMR (CCl4) δ 0.09 (s, 18 H), 0.19 (s, 9 H).

Preparative Methods: to a solution of Trimethylsilylacetonitrile2 (3.01 g, 26.6 mmol) in dry diethyl ether (40 mL) is added n-Butyllithium (10 % w/v in hexane, 38 mL, 59.3 mmol) at −60 °C and stirring is continued for 0.5 h. Chlorotrimethylsilane (7.48 g, 68.9 mmol) is slowly added and the mixture is allowed to warm to room temperature. The mixture is concentrated and distilled at bp 94–96 °C/19 mmHg to give tris(trimethylsilyl)ketenimine (5.67 g, 83%).

Purification: distill under reduced pressure.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: bottles of tris(trimethylsilyl)ketenimine should be kept tightly sealed to preclude contact with moisture.


Efficiency of training of engineers in the conditions of educational environment profiling of technical higher education is analyzed. Results of monitoring of experimental data according to criterion of readiness of future engineers for competitive professional activity are presented.


BACKGROUND
The association between dietary thiamine intake and the risk of diabetes remains unknown.

AIM
We aimed to evaluate the relation of dietary thiamine intake with new-onset diabetes and examine possible effect modifiers.

DESIGN
Prospective cohort study.

METHODS
A total of 16,272 participants who were free of diabetes at baseline were enrolled from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary nutrients intake information was collected by 3-day dietary recalls in addition to using a 3-day food-weighed method to assess cooking oil and condiment consumption. New-onset diabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or diagnosed by a physician during the follow-up.

RESULTS
During a median follow-up duration of 9.0 years, new-onset diabetes occurred in 1101 participants. Overall, the association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes followed a U-shape (P for nonlinearity <0.001). Consistently, when thiamine intake was assessed as quartiles, compared with those in the 2-3 quartiles (0.75-<1.10 mg/day), the significantly higher risks of new-onset diabetes were found in participants in the first quartile (adjusted HR, 1.33; 95%CI: 1.10, 1.61) and the fourth quartile (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95%CI: 1.17, 1.67). Similar results were found when further adjusting for the intake of other major nutrients or food groups; or using the propensity score weighting to control the imbalance of covariates.

CONCLUSION
Our results suggested that there was a U-shape association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes in general Chinese adults, with a minimal risk at 0.75-1.10 mg/day.


Application of virtual reality in stroke rehabilitation indicates a beneficial effect on motor learning. We performed a literature search into the application of feedback in experimental therapeutic sessions. We gained more insight into the application of different feedback modalities in current therapy in an observational study. We also studied the effectiveness of different feedback modalities in research settings in a literature search. In current clinical practice mainly verbal feedback is provided, while in research combined use of auditory and visual, or sensory and visual feedback is provided.


actors or directors. So, if one wants to find all of the cinematic representations of Joan of Arc, it will work well, but not if one is trying to find the film where Cary Grant played an angel opposite David Niven (The Bishop's Wife [1947]). This book is a valuable reference tool. It is a daunting task to compile so much information in such a small package, and Ann Paietta has done a nice job, but one wishes she had more space and time to give a detailed account of these important motion pictures.


ABSTRACT Long-term liquid cattle manure (LCM) application can enhance soil fertility, increase soil organic carbon, and improve soil properties. We investigated the residual effects of long-term fertilization with LCM on physical, chemical and microbial properties of a calcareous soil. The effects of LCM, common inorganic fertilization, recommended fertilization or non-fertilized control were investigated in field plots with corn (Zea mays L.), 1 year after the cessation of 16-years of experimentation. The residual concentrations of soil available P, K, Cu, Zn, B and total N but not NO3-N remained significantly higher with LCM, while there were no differences in soil pH, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio, compared to the other treatments. The previously observed increase of soil organic C with LCM was no longer evidenced. For aggregate size distribution and stability, microbial biomass N, easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein, number and morphotypes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores and percentage of root length colonization, there was no difference among treatments. Microbial growth and activity were limited by C, while the calcareous nature of the soil was more important than glomalin for soil aggregation. In conclusion, the residual effects of LCM were limited to soil nutrient increase.


Objective:To investigate distribution features of the syndrome and information of TCM four diagnostic methods among AIDS patients with hematotoxicity reaction induced by the drugs of HAART.Methods:The four diagnostic methods information of TCM among AIDS patients were collected by retrospective study.Results:Among 216 patients,the main syndromes were qi-blood asthenia(A group) and yang deficiency of spleen-kidney(B group).The common symptoms were lassitude,forgetful,baldness,waist soreness,dreaminess,dizzy,palpitation,powerless of waist and knee,sleeplessness,short breath,dyspnea,lumbago and etiolate facial expression,and the common tongue presentations and pulse presentations were light white tongue,light red tongue,red tongue,teeth-printed tongue,moist tongue,atrophy and soft tongue,thin fur,white fur,yellowish fur,thick fur,greasy fur,veinlet,weak pulse,slow pulse and quick pulse.The occurrence frequency of forgetful,dreaminess,dizzy,palpitation,veinlet and weak pulse were higher in A group,while the occurrence frequency of lassitude,baldness,sleeplessness,teeth-printed tongue,thick fur and slow pulse were higher in group B.The occurrence frequency of waist soreness,powerless of waist and knee and slow pulse were higher in group B than in group A(P0.05).Conclusion:The symptoms introduced by the drugs of HAART were involved in heart,spleen and kidney.The main syndromes were qi-blood asthenia and yang deficiency of spleen-kidney.The main property of the disease was vital qi deficiency combining with wet,heat or sputum.


Author Contributions: Dr Guy and Ms Berkowitz had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: All authors. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors. Drafting of the manuscript: Guy, Watson. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors. Statistical analysis: Guy, Berkowitz. Administrative, technical, or material support: Guy, Watson.


We investigate the effect of superposition of states on local conversion of pure bipartite
states under deterministic LOCC. We also investigate the entanglement behaviour of such classes
of states, specifically their monotone nature. Finally we are able to construct some counterintuitive situations, on the bounds of different measures of entanglement, emphasis on the idea of comparability
and incomparability under deterministic LOCC.


Community-based information and communication technologies (ICT) networks are seen as an important means of reducing social exclusion, and at the same time fostering community development. Increasing ICT capability locally is arguably crucial to furthering both of these broad aims. This paper presents evidence about the capability-building activities and impact of one community-based ICT initiative, which we have called the Ardmore Network. This is a network of part-time staffed Community Resource Centres in a remote rural region of Scotland. It provides three services: access to informational and technological resources, one-to-one support in learning to use these resources, and basic and vocational ICT training. The initiative is indeed increasing ICT capability amongst sections of the community. Our analysis identifies two keys to this success, which we believe have salience for other community-based efforts to increase ICT capability. First, it involves a heterogeneous package of measures in the sense that it is not 'just' about providing public-access computers. And second, it works to the degree that it facilitates informal ICT learning through networks of 'local experts' within the community. However, the Ardmore Network attracts more women than men, and is failing to reach many non-ICT-using men in the communities it serves – especially middle-aged men in manual work – in spite of being promoted 'for everybody'. We identify aspects of the 'one size' strategy which do not 'fit' this section of the community, and conclude that digital inclusion efforts must be based on gender-aware effective targeting if they really are to include everybody in the community


At present time the main tasks of the civil aviation development are the cost reduction of the transportation of goods, the increase of flight range, the improvement of environmental performances and first of all the reduction of CO2 emission. The traditional turbofan engines (TFE) on aviation kerosene do not allow solving these problems noticeably. One way of further improvement of the aviation engine efficiency is a transition to a hybrid TFE based on electrochemical generator with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) [2], as well as the use of alternative fuels such as liquid natural gas (LNG) and hydrogen. The SOFC usage is one of the most promising solutions, because it provides a high efficiency and high environmental performances. The goal of this paper is a performances comparison of traditional TFE and hybrid TFE based on SOFC at different fuels. The fuel efficiency (fuel consumption for transportation of 1 ton of useful load per 1 km) is selected as efficiency criterion. 2 The scheme of the hybrid TFE and system analysis


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to review the results of radiologically placed subcutaneous venous access ports in a pediatric population requiring long-term venous access.

CONCLUSION
Sixteen of 20 patients had no significant problems with their ports. In the pediatric population, radiologically placed subcutaneous venous access ports offer a high success rate, a low complication rate, and significant cost savings over surgically placed ports.


The use of dental implants is now wider, and has various types of dentures. Today, titanium is still the 'gold standard' for the manufacture of dental implants because of the high long-term clinical success rate. However, concerns arise from titanium metals that have caused allergic reactions and sensitivity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to produce HA isolates that have characteristics that meet the requirements of proactive raw materials in making biochemical body implants through isolation and characterization of HA from GT fish bone waste. The planned research activities include preparation of fish bone test samples, HA characterization with FTIR, XRD, and XRF. Based on XRF analysis it was found that CaO compound had the biggest percentage which was 68,96%. FTIR analysis indicate the presence of OH groups, CO3 and PO4. And xrd analysis shows that the crystallite phase formed is hexagonal.


Over 15 years ago, Lord and colleagues (2005) identified the challenges of evaluating interventions for autism, and Smith and colleagues (2007) subsequently proposed guidelines to generate empirical evidence for behavioral and psychosocial interventions. Since then, intervention research has proliferated (Steinbrenner et al., 2020), but the gap between research and practice remains wide (Dingfelder & Mandell, 2011; Odom et al., 2020). Implementation science has emerged as a field to promote the use and sustainment of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in routine care and practice. In this commentary, we challenge autism researchers to take the next steps on this journey that Lord, Smith, and colleagues began. In this commentary, we briefly describe (a) the history of intervention research for autistic children and youth, (b) key features of implementation science, and (c) a framework to support the use of implementation science in autism intervention research.


The milpa is a traditional intercropping system of maize, bean, and squash. Milpas are repositories of agrobiodiversity in Mexico, not only rich in inter- and infra-crop species diversity, but also in landraces of maize, which are building blocks for future improvements in this globally important staple crop. Even though they are still widely cultivated across Mexico, sustainability of milpa cultivation is threatened by farmers' integration into labour and output markets and recently, by the flow of transgenic constructs from genetically modified (GM) maize varieties to landraces in milpas. In this paper a choice experiment is employed to investigate farmer valuation of the agrobiodiversity found in traditional milpa systems and the option to cultivate GM maize varieties in milpas. Data are collected from 414 farm households across three states of Mexico, and analysed using the random parameter logit model with interactions, which can detect for unobserved and observed sources of heterogeneity in the sample. The results reveal that there is considerable heterogeneity in farmers' preferences for milpa diversity and GM maize across and within the three states. The location and characteristics of farmers who value milpa diversity the most, as well as those of farmers who value the option to cultivate GM maize the most are identified. These findings have policy implications in terms of designing least cost on farm conservation programmes for traditional milpas, as well as for understanding the potential in adoption of GM maize in Mexico.


In recent years, on the ethics issue, Comrade Wu Han has been using the pretext of "critical inheritance" to actually propagate the rotten feudal-bourgeois ethics. In succession, he published such articles as "On Ethics," "Again on Ethics," and "On Ethics for the Third Time" (all quotations made from Wu Han in this article, unless otherwise specified, are from these three articles), disseminating his own erroneous viewpoints on ethics and casting pernicious influence on our socialist revolutionary cause.


Dr. V.Rama Devi * * Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of Management, Sikkim University 6th mile, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim – 737102 ___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract In the competitive world, service quality consciousness is increasing day-by-day. The role of service quality in the success of service organizations is widely recognized as it contributes to operational efficiency and improved organization performance. The present article encompasses literature review of various research studies conducted on service quality in different sectors like Education, Health care, Hospitality, Banking, Insurance and Retail in India and other countries of the world. The literature review on service quality highlighted the importance of identifying service quality gaps, the instruments used for measuring service quality gap and the gaps identified in various service dimensions in different sectors. Information on service quality gaps can help providers and policy makers to diagnose where performance improvement can best be targeted which is quite crucial to sustain in the competitive environment.


This paper presents algorithm SCCMETreeMiner which can find all closed and maximal frequent embedded subtrees using length-decreasing support constraint. SCCMETreeMiner combines the rightmost path expansion scheme and projection technique to construct pattern growth space, and uses several techniques proposed in the paper to prune the branches of the enumeration trees that do not correspond to closed or maximal frequent subtrees under length-decreasing support constraint. The performance of the algorithm is studied through extensive experiments by using various length-decreasing support constraints and datasets. All experimental results show that our algorithm is effective and efficient, and it generates more concise result set, which is irredundant and interesting to users.


There is an increasing interest among social scientists in merging survey data with administrative records from social security institutions. Record linkage represents one way to combine different sources using a unique identifier such as the Social Security number. The informed consent of the respondents however is required, which in turn might induce bias to the consent question and even threaten stability in a panel study. Data from the longitudinal household survey "Saving and old†age Provision in Germany†(SAVE) are used for analysis of consent rates and patterns. In the latest wave of the study participants have been asked to provide their written consent to link their answers to administrative data from the Federal Employment Agency which also includes information on the respondents' employers. The combined data set will open new avenues for research on the link between institutions, saving behavior and old†age provision: The survey data contains information on private pension and non†pension wealth which will be complemented by complete employment histories. Moreover, from the administrative data entitlements to public pensions can be derived, while an employer survey will shed more light on the diffusion of occupational pensions. SAVE is mainly conducted as a self†administered paper and pencil (P&P) questionnaire, while existing research is based on personal interviews. Given a response rate of 81% of the participants and a consent rate of 58%, asking for consent appears feasible in a P&P design. There is evidence for mild consent bias. However, considering correlations between giving the consent and a series of socio†demographic variables, as well as variables capturing respondents' motivation and willingness can explain variation in the consent only to a small extent. We conclude that most of the variation is random.


Mitocondrial diseases produce a series of neuroophthalmological diseases. The must comon, optic atrophy, oftalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopaty and retroquiamatic alterations. Twenty three patients with mitocondrial disease diagnosed by muscle biopsy were studied, 69.6% had decrease of visual acuity. No tratment is available at the moment but the diagnosis is basic for prognosis and avoid unnecessary treatments.


ABSTRACT This vision paper discusses the advances made over the last three decades in coastal sand transport and morphodynamics, and the research needs for the coming decades. The prime focus of the paper is on the relationship between the transport of sand particles and fluid motions in the coastal environment based on laboratory and field experiments as well as mathematical modelling. The paper mainly focuses on two main issues: (1) better understanding of sediment transport processes in the coastal zone and (2) the development of improved practical engineering sand transport formulae and morphodynamic models.


The invention provides a warehouse information network pushing method and system. In the whole warehouse information network pushing process, when no secondary warehouse exists in a preset range of a geographic position where a user is located at present, the user is prompted to independently select a warehouse, then receiving of warehouse selection information of the user for selecting the warehouses is prepared, identification information of a total warehouse is obtained if no warehouse selection information is received in a preset time range, and identification information of the secondary warehouses is obtained according to the warehouse selection information if the warehouse selection information is received in the preset time range. Therefore, secondary warehouse information network pushing errors caused by the fact that the information cannot be received within the preset time are avoided, and the warehouse information network pushing method can accurately push the warehouse information to the user.


Background and Aims: Cholesterol ester (CE) biosynthesis and homeostasis play critical roles in many cancers, including HCC, but their exact mechanistic contributions to HCC disease development require further study. Approach and Results: Here, we report on a proposed role of tumor suppressor P53 in its repressing ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 19 (USP19) and sterol O‐acyltransferase (SOAT) 1, which maintains CE homeostasis. USP19 enhances cholesterol esterification and contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis (HCG) by deubiquitinating and stabilizing SOAT1. Loss of either SOAT1 or USP19 dramatically attenuates cholesterol esterification and HCG in P53‐deficient mice fed with either a normal chow diet or a high‐cholesterol, high‐fat diet (HCHFD). SOAT1 inhibitor avasimibe has more inhibitory effect on HCC progression in HCHFD‐maintained P53‐deficient mice when compared to the inhibitors of de novo cholesterol synthesis. Consistent with our findings in the mouse model, the P53‐USP19‐SOAT1 signaling axis is also dysregulated in human HCCs. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SOAT1 participates in HCG by increasing cholesterol esterification, thus indicating that SOAT1 is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in P53‐deficient HCC.


Underwater communication is a prominent research for undersea navigation, ocean investigation, and localize the automated underwater vehicles (AUVs). Acoustic communication is broadly utilized in underwater environments due to low attenuation (signal reduction) of sound in water. The implementation of underwater acoustic communication (UWAC) system design is challenging by major factors such as time-varying channel conditions, limited available bandwidth, diverse pressure conditions, huge Doppler spread, long propagation delay, and salinity. This work analyzes the frequency for signal transmission to enhance the coverage and connectivity between the sensor AUVs which are in observation under secluded ocean contour. Experimental studies have been conducted in the Bay of Bengal, India. The results are presented for different frequencies and the region of optimal frequencies with respect to depth is formulated which can be much suitable for AUVs and Submarine communications.


A general expression which is useful for predicting the radial distributions or for analyzing and interpreting experimental data is derived for a liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed. The effect of both the radial liquid velocity and solids holdup distributions are taken into account in the analysis. Both effects are analyzed and are related to the operating variables of superficial liquid velocity, jl, superficial solids velocity, js, and cross-sectional average solids holdup. The results predicted by the analysis are compared with the experimental data obtained for various two-phase flow regimes, when different solids and bed dimensions are applied. The model predictions show good agreements with the experimental data and reasonable trends when different solids and bed dimensions are applied. Stronger non-uniformities in flow structures are found in larger size particles systems, with larger solids density and/or larger diameter columns. Radial solids holdup distribution is related with the cross-sectional average solids holdup. Good agreement with data and reasonable trends are observed.


: Forest fires are one of the natural disasters that happen the most frequently today. Forest fires are a matter of concern because they cause extensive damage to environment, property and human life. By doing this, the region's resources and flora and fauna may both be saved. In particular, we proposed a platform of Artificial Intelligence. The use of computer vision techniques for smoke and fire detection and recognition based on still photos or video input from the cameras. This will enable the video surveillance systems on forest to handle more complex situations in real world. Deep learning method "convolution neural network" can be used for finding the amount of fire. This will enable the video surveillance systems on forest to handle more complex situations in real world. The accuracy is based on the algorithm which we are going to use and the datasets and splitting them into train set and test set.


1Member of JSCE, Dr. of Eng., Researcher, Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology (2-12-1-W8-4 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan) 2Member of JSCE, Master of Eng., Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology (2-12-1-W8-4 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan) 3 Dr. of Eng., Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tokyo (4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan) 4Member of JSCE, Dr. of Eng., Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tokyo (4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan) 5Member of JSCE, Dr. of Eng., Associate Professor, Institute of Engineering Innovation, University of Tokyo (2-11-16 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan) 6Member of JSCE, Dr. of Eng., Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology (2-12-1-W8-4 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan)


This article analyzed the historical evolution of equalization of basic public health services,summarized the implementation process of the program and cleared about the point that the service should be expanded along with the level of socio-economic development and the growing health demands of residents. After then,through a literature review of 135 papers published from 2008 to 2013,five kinds of problems during the implementation of basic public health services were summarized as follows :misunderstanding of the conception of "basic public health service",ill-defined responsibilities,poor coordination,inadequate supporting conditions,and lack of standardization.


We propose a new type of idealism we call structural idealism. Structural idealism uses computational formalisms to describe an idealist ontology. Although logical formalisms have been used to sketch the structural aspects of idealist ontologies before (Harris, 1982; Thagard, 1982), structural idealism is unique in its use of computational formalisms to describe both the structures and the processes in idealistic ontologies. Computational formalisms have been gaining currency in philosophy, particularly in the philosophy of science (Thagard, 1988, 1992; Shrager & Langley, 1990; Slezak, 1989). Such formalisms have also been employed in metaphysics (Henry & Geertsen, 1986). Our work extends these computational formalisms to idealism. It should come as no surprise that computational formalisms are especially useful for idealism. Contemporary research in cognitive science and artificial intelligence uses computational formalisms to provide precise descriptions of the structure and processes of minds. Idealism has always concerned itself with minds and mental processes. The use of computational formalisms for idealistic ontology is thus a natural one. Our objective here is to provide a precise, computational description of an idealist ontology. It is not our intention to present arguments for the ontology we articulate here; such arguments can be found in the classical idealist texts. Our intention here is purely descriptive. We provide both a logical description of an ontological structure (the divine hierarchy) and an algorithmic description of an ontological process (the divine process). In so doing, we are inspired by classical idealistic systems as well as by more current work.


Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents often overfit the training environment, leading to poor generalization performance. In this paper, we propose Thinker, a bootstrapping method to remove adversarial effects of confounding features from the observation in an unsupervised way, and thus, it improves RL agents' generalization. Thinker first clusters experience trajectories into several clusters. These trajectories are then bootstrapped by applying a style transfer generator, which translates the trajectories from one cluster's style to another while maintaining the content of the observations. The bootstrapped trajectories are then used for policy learning. Thinker has wide applicability among many RL settings. Experimental results reveal that Thinker leads to better generalization capability in the Procgen benchmark environments compared to base algorithms and several data augmentation techniques.


Simple Summary Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a rare type of disease that occurs throughout the world and has four subtypes. A summary and comparison of these subtypes can assist with advancing our knowledge of the mechanism and treatment of ALCL, which is helpful in making progress in this field. Abstract Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an uncommon type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as well as one of the subtypes of T cell lymphoma, accounting for 1 to 3% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and around 15% of T cell lymphomas. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified anaplastic large cell lymphoma into four categories: ALK-positive ALCL (ALK+ALCL), ALK-negative ALCL (ALK−ALCL), primary cutaneous ALCL (pcALCL), and breast-implant-associated ALCL (BIA-ALCL), respectively. Clinical symptoms, gene changes, prognoses, and therapy differ among the four types. Large lymphoid cells with copious cytoplasm and pleomorphic characteristics with horseshoe-shaped or reniform nuclei, for example, are found in both ALK+ and ALK−ALCL. However, their epidemiology and pathogenetic origins are distinct. BIA-ALCL is currently recognized as a new provisional entity, which is a noninvasive disease with favorable results. In this review, we focus on molecular pathogenesis and management of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.


We prove that if G is the fundamental group of a closed surface or a Seifert fibered space and K is a finitely generated subgroup of G, and if for any element g in G there exists an integer such that belongs to K, then K is of finite index in G.


[1] Donald R. Johnson received the Excellence in Geophysical Education Award at the 2010 AGU Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held on 15 December 2010 in San Francisco, Calif. The award honors "a sustained commitment to excellence in geophysical education by a team, individual, or group."


The objective of this report is to provide a methodology for utilization of the NIST FDS code to evaluate the effects of radiant and convective heating from single and multiple fire sources, on heat sensitive targets as Special Nuclear Materials (SNM), and High Explosives (HE). The presentation will demonstrate practical applications of the FDS computer program in fire hazards analysis, and illustrate the advantages over hand calculations for radiant heat and convective transfer and fire progression. The ''visualization'' of radiant and convective heat effects will be demonstrated as a tool for supporting conclusions of fire hazards analysis and TSR development.


Dementia and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia affect older adults' care‐need levels. With aging comes an increase in the incidence of sensory impairments, which promotes the development of dementia. We investigated the association between sensory impairments – visual impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), and dual sensory impairment (DSI), the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, and dementia incidence.


Abstract For high frequency ocean acoustic modeling applications, seabed reflection loss is a useful alternative input compared to conventional geoacoustic model parameters. Reflection loss can be estimated by comparing the noise intensity of the up and down components of the ambient noise vertical directionality pattern. The potential of this method is demonstrated with experimental data spanning one week, collected off shallow east coast of India using a 21 element vertical hydrophone array. The compact and easily operable vertical array has been designed for high frequency directionality estimation in the band 2–10 kHz. The ambient noise data are beam formed to arrive at the vertical directionality pattern. Further reflection loss values as a function of frequency and grazing angle have been estimated for 1/3 octave bands for a sandy sea bed in warm tropical waters. This has been compared with modeled reflection loss estimates using OASR reflection loss module of OASES. This will serve as inputs to propagation models for applications such as inverse techniques, ambient noise modelling, and sonar system performance prediction.