A variety of 2, 7-disubstituted fluorenes has been synthesised including 2-alkyl-7-cyanofluorenes, 2-pentyl-7-fluorenyl esters and esters of 7-pentyl-2-fluorenecarboxylic acid. Transition temperatures have been determined and are compared with those of analogous biphenyl compounds: it is found that the melting points are higher and the nematic clearing points slightly lower than those of the biphenyl analogues. Suitable mixtures have been used to determine other physical properties. All of the fluorene esters prepared have a phenyl or cyclohexane ring incorporated in the structure to promote wide mesophase temperature ranges and higher melting points. Some of the esters also give smectic phases.


The dependences ΔG (H 2 ) = ΔH (H 2 ) - ΔS (H 2 )T for hydrated complex vanadium(V)-titanium(IV) oxides of the composition V 1 2 - y Ti y O 3 0 - 0 . 5 y .nH 2 O (0 < y < 12) prepared by the sol-gel method were determined by theelectromotive force method. The formation of two solid solutions, namely, amorphous H x V 1 2 - y Ti y O 3 0 + 0 . 5 ( x - y ) . nH 2 O (0.7 ≤ x < 2.0, 0 < y ≤ 8) and H x Ti 1 2 - y V y O 2 4 + 0 . 5 ( x + y ) .nH 2 O (0.12 < x ≤ 0.36, 0 < y ≤ 3) with the structure of anatase, was substantiated. Changes in the partial thermodynamic characteristics of hydrogen in these compounds, the number of ion-exchange protons, and electric conductivity were found to correlate with the composition of the samples.


In the low fertility countries of South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Thailand, policy-makers are concerned about the consequences of low growth. In South Korea, a family planning (FP) program was instituted in the early 1960s, and fertility declined to 1.6 by 1987. Rural fertility is still higher at 1.96, and abortion rates are high. 32.2% of fertility reduction is accomplished through abortion. South Korean population will not stabilize until 2021, at 50.6 million people. The elderly are expected to increase and strain housing, energy, and land resources. Government support for FP is being reduced, while private sector services are being enhanced. Government sterilization programs have been reduced significantly, and revisions in the Medical Insurance Law will cover part of contraceptive cost. Integrated services are being established. Many argue for an emphasis on birth spacing, child and family development, sex education, and care of the elderly. In Taiwan, replacement level fertility was reached in 1983. Policy in 1992 recommended increasing fertility from 1.6 to 2.1. The aim was to stabilize population without pronatalist interventions. Regardless of policy decisions, population growth will continue over the next 40 years, and the extent of aging will increase. In Singapore since the 1960s, the national government focused on encouraging small families through fertility incentives, mass media campaigns, and easy access to FP services. Fertility declined to 1.4 in 1988. Since 1983, government has established a variety of pronatalist incentives. In 1989, fertility increased to 1.8. The pronatalist shift is viewed as not likely to succeed in dealing with the concern for an adequate work force to support the elderly and economic development. In Thailand, fertility declined the fastest to 2.4 in 1993. The key factors were rapid economic and social development, a supportive cultural setting, strong demand for fertility control, and a successful FP program. The goal is to reduce fertility to 1.2 by 1996. Replacement level may be reached in 2000 or 2005. Future trends are not clear.


Nowadays, a huge number of companies are using employee data records to understand the employee churn rate in the company. Companies use predictive analytics to predict the chances of an employee leaving the company. Organizations are effectively using Human Resource (HR) predictive analytics to increase revenue and turnover. This paper is about building a predictive model on the employee dataset to predict if an employee is likely to leave or continue service in the employed company. The steps carried out for visualization and Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) has been highlighted in this paper by bringing out valuable insights from the employee dataset. Observations were made to the features that determine the chances of an employee leaving the company. For the prediction and classification of employee retention, a Logistic Regression (LR) model is applied to the dataset. The article focuses on the analysis of data and understanding the working of the LR model for predicting categorical features. The performance of the applied model was evaluated using a confusion matrix. The accuracy of the model was calculated from values in the confusion matrix.


Former president Trump made hundreds of candidate endorsements in the 2022 Republican primaries. The state of Georgia garnered outsized attention because it was ground zero for Trump's false accusations of a stolen 2020 presidential election. Trump endorsed several candidates in Georgia's May 2022 GOP primary contests, including candidates challenging Governor Brian Kemp and Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, incumbents drawing Trump's ire for upholding the 2020 outcome favoring Joe Biden. In a survey of likely Georgia GOP primary voters randomizing whether they are told which candidate Trump endorsed in five statewide races (governor, US Senate, lieutenant governor, secretary of state, and insurance commissioner), our analysis shows substantial variability in the influence of Trump's endorsement. With scant prior information in low-profile contests (e.g., insurance commissioner), the Trump endorsement has a substantial impact, whereas it is rendered ineffectual in the most high-profile race for governor. Thus, the findings demonstrate the remarkable variability of a Trump endorsement, which is primarily contingent upon the salience of a specific race.


Theoretical and practical aspects of using such a language phenomenon as polysemy to master students speaking culture are viewed. Various ways and means of qualitative enrichment of pupils vocabulary of a native language and the development of students creative potential are showed.


Human retinal transplantation is one of the important topics in research of visual recovery of degenerative retina,many domestic and oversea scholars have carried on the retina transplantation research in great quantities in recent years,and already gradually applied these research results to human body.Here we review the recent research progress of human retinal transplantation.


The polarization-insensitive reflective metasurfaces constructed from hexagonal-ring units along with honeycomb lattice are proposed for the efficient generation of converged orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves. The proposed unit has a very succinct structure constructed from a hexagonal-ring patch along with a hexagonal metallic reflector, which could achieve a polarization-insensitive response to the incident waves, when binding further with the hexagonal lattice. Through the topology optimization of the unit arrangement, two reflective metasurfaces stimulating the first-order and the second-order OAM beams are numerically designed, which may find useful in radio communications and radar applications.


The aim of the investigation is to find out to what extent hereditary factors, personality types and environmental conditions affect the origin and development of alcoholism, and to t ry to define more closely some of the active factors. Three different primary materials have been examined: 1) 103 cases from the Psychiatric Clinic a t Karolinska sjukhuset in Stockholm, 2) 100 cases from 10 different institutions for alcoholics in Sweden, 3) 441 cases from the temperance board in Stockholm. The materials have been chosen a t random, and they may therefore be assumed to be representative for alcoholics who apply to a psychiatric clinic for treatment, who are committed to institutions for alcoholics or who are reported to a temperance board. The entire material consists of men. In the temperance board material i t has been possible to examine 407 persons, constituting 92.3 yo of the total number reported. For the statistical treatment the clinic and institution materials have as a rule been taken together. As regards the temperance board material, the 407 persons cxamined have in general been used for the statistical calculations. For certain comparisons with the population in Stockholm those persons in the material who are officially domiciled in Stockholm (thus also those not examined) have been taken instead. These constitute 387 persons. For genealogical investigation, the alcoholics in the clinic and institution materials, 203 persons, have been used as a proband material. They have altogether 349 brothers and 365 sisters, who on disappearance from observation or a t the conclusion of the investigation on the 31.12. 1947 had attained at least the age of 10 years. I t has been possible to identify 186 fathers and 200 mothers. The parents and


The application of anti-obesity drugs is an adjunctive pharmacotherapy in the management of obesity. Many widely used anti-obesity drugs were limited for side effects. New anti-obesity drugs appear on the market continuously in recent years, such as orlistat, liraglutide, lorcaserin, fentermine/topiramate and naltrexone/bupropion. Some hypoglycemic drugs(such as metformin, pramlintide) also have effects of weight loss. Other anti-obesity drugs include plant extracts, etc. Understanding of the efficacy and safety of anti-obesity drugs will provide strong evidence for the clinical treatment of obesity.

Key words:
Anti-obesity drug; Efficacy; Safety; Clinical trial


The invention discloses an oil smoke segregator for an extractor hood, and belongs to an oil smoke filter. The oil smoke segregator comprises a segregator body, wherein the segregator body is composed of multiple special-shaped filter tubes which are mutually spliced side by side, gaps are reserved among the multiple special-shaped filter tubes, the gaps form a plurality of oil smoke channels, and the section of each oil smoke channel is S-shaped and is also provided with at least one extrusion section. S-shaped airflow channels are formed among the special-shaped filter tubes, so that flow resistance and air impact are effectively reduced, the noises are small during use process of the oil smoke segregator, meanwhile, the S-shaped oil smoke channels with the extrusion sections greatly increase the contact area when the oil smoke passes the segregator; the oil smoke condensation and separating effects are obviously enhanced under assistance of air convection heat dissipation inside the hollow special-shaped filter tubes, and the smooth outer surfaces of the special-shaped filter tubes enable the segregator to be conveniently cleaned; and the oil smoke segregator is simple in structure, is particularly suitable to be arranged on household side draught type extractor hoods, and is easy to popularize.


The principle to set up nominal values of the resistors is discussed.Queries and suggestions are proposed to nominal values of the resistors promulgated by the Electronic Industry Ministry of China.According to permissible deviation,the general expression to calculate nominal values of the resistors is developed.The absolute values of the errors calculated by the author are compared with the ones issued by the Electronics Industry Ministry of China.Based on the comparison,it is found that the standard deviation obtained by the author is smaller than one promulgated by the Ministry.Finally,the method to select values of the resistors is given.


Mathematical model of a plasma installation for the production of metal powder and coating has been developed. The problem of creating an objective mathematical model of the plasma jet flow is solved, which adequately describes the real process and allows predicting the parameters of the plasma jet. The value of the temperature of the plasma jet at a characteristic point located on its axis is investigated. The computer model was verified by carrying out a full-scale experiment. Comparative analysis of the results of numerical and field experiments showed satisfactory convergence. It is shown that the temperature of the plasma jet flow obeys the normal Gaussian distribution. The research results can be used to improve processes and technological equipment.


The cockroach, with its large brain and physiological resilience, holds many advantages for the development of behavioral paradigms. The work presented here provides a foundation for, and describes the results of, the implementation of studies of neural correlates of learning and memory on restrained animals. Using the antennal projection response (APR) as an indicator of learning and retention, several learning paradigms have been developed. A visual-olfactory associative and a gustatory-olfactory aversive conditioning paradigm demonstrated a plastic behavior that could be driven in an intact and immobilized cockroach. Conditioning the APR to a visual cue paired with an olfactory cue characterized the role of unilateral and bilateral olfactory input in learning and memory. While unilateral olfactory input is sufficient to learn a visual-olfactory association, bilateral olfactory input is necessary for long-term retention of the association. This comparison identified a critical time period in which memory is consolidated. This time period was subsequently used to analyze gene expression during memory consolidation. The split-brain cockroach preparation was developed to investigate what parts of the brain are necessary and sufficient for learning and retention of a visual-olfactory association; this preparation was also used to examine learning-induced changes in test tissue versus control tissue provided by the same animal. Evidence suggests that half of a brain is sufficient for a visual-olfactory association to be established and sufficient for retention of that association between 12 and 24 hours. However, the entire brain is


This paper presents an overview of the basic structural design of silo internal supports. These supports, which are used to attach various types of inserts to the walls of a bulk material storage silo, can be acted upon by differential pressure gradients in the vertical and lateral direction as a result of either imperfections in the flow pattern of the bulk material in a symmetric mass-flow silo, or by eccentric bulk material discharge from a silo. The purpose of the paper is to analytically predict the pressure differential acting on these internal supports as well as to provide a methodology for their correct structural design.


Interpolation and prediction of spatiotemporal data are integral components of many real-world applications. Thus, approaches of interpolating and predicting spatiotemporal data have been extensively investigated. Currently, the grey dynamic model has been used to enhance the performance of interpolating and predicting spatiotemporal data. Meanwhile, the Extensible Markup Language (XML) has unique characteristics of information representation and exchange. In this paper, we first couple the grey dynamic model with the spatiotemporal XML model. Based on a definition of the position part of the spatiotemporal XML model, we extract the corresponding position information of each time interval and propose an algorithm for constructing an AVL tree to store them. Then, we present the architecture of an interpolating and predicting process and investigate change operations in positions. On this basis, we present an algorithm for interpolation and prediction of spatiotemporal data based on XML integrated with the grey dynamic model. Experimental results demonstrate the performance advantages of the proposed approach.


The invention discloses a quick preparation method of glycerin monostearate. In the method, the glycerin monostearate is prepared by placing glycerol, copper p-toluene sulfonate, stearic acid, anhydrous sodium sulfate and acetone into a reactor and placing the reactor in a microwave radiation heating device for microwave heating; wherein the microwave radiation power is 220 to 400 W; and the heating reaction time is 4 to 5 min. The quick preparation method for the glycerin monostearate adopts a microwave radiation solvent-free coupling organic synthesis technology and has the advantages of high reaction speed, simple reaction course, high product purity and simple post processing.


A 78 year old man presented with an eight week history of left sided abdominal pain and back pain, associated with anorexia, 3 kg weight loss, and night sweats. He was previously well, had no medical history of note, was taking no regular drugs, and was an ex-smoker.

On physical examination, he was afebrile, baseline observations were normal, and peripheral pulses were present. Cardiorespiratory assessment was unremarkable. His abdomen was soft, but there was a tender non-pulsatile palpable central mass at the level of the umbilicus. Blood results showed a normochromic, normocytic anaemia with haemoglobin 92 g/L (reference range 130-180), erythrocyte sedimentation rate 75 mm in the first hour (0-22), and C reactive protein 15 mg/L (<3; 1 mg/L=9.52 nmol/L).

Initial chest and abdominal radiographs showed no abnormalities so a computed tomogram of the abdomen and pelvis was performed (fig 1⇓).

Fig 1 Axial contrast enhanced computed tomogram at the level of the iliac crest

### 1. What does the computed tomogram show?

#### Short answer

The computed tomogram shows aneurysmal dilation of the abdominal aorta, with a thickened …


To investigate the optimum extraction of chalcone from the Angelica keiskei by ultrasonic wave,and to determine the content of chalcone.According to single factor experiment,the influence of five parameters on the extraction rate of chalcone were investigated,including the ultrasonic power,ethanol concentration,the ratio of material and solvent,the extracting time,the extracting temperature.Then orthogonal experiment was employed to determine the optimum extraction of chalcone from the Angelica keiskei by ultrasonic wave.The influencing order of each factor on the yield of chalcone was solid to liquid ratio extraction temperature concentration of ethanol extraction time ultrasonic power,and the optimal conditions of chalcone extraction from the Angelica keiskei were:ultrasonic power of 300 W,ethanol concentration of 70 %,extraction temperature of 50 ℃,solid to liquid ratio of 1 ∶50,extraction time of 20 min.The Angelica keiskei was extracted twice under those conditions,the chalcone extraction yield was 7.53 mg/g.The cholcone content is high.This extraction technology is simple,efficient,energysaving,feasible,which can provide reference for industrial extraction of chalcone from the Angelica keiskei.


The coupling characteristics between two leaky coaxial cables (LCXs) with transverse slots are analyzed by employing an equivalent method and superposition principle. In the method, two cables are used as transceiver, and the coupling characteristics are studied by analyzing the received signals in two ports of the receiving cable when the structure parameters and frequency change. It is found that the received signals are the same as the transmitted signal, only with a time delay and attenuation in amplitude. When there is an obstacle between the cables, the received signals regularly change with the location of the obstacle. Based on the analysis, a location detection method which is valuable to the design of intrusion detection system is discussed.


BIM is the product of digital technology,which is triggering great changes in the construction industry. Based on literature research,this paper summarizes the application status of BIM technology and compares functions between each BIM tools. Finally,the key factors limiting the application of BIM in construction industry are discussed and the suggestions resolving these negative factors are given. This study will help construction project stakeholders to understand the capability of BIM technology,promote application of BIM in construction industry,and point out the research directions valuable for further study.


OBJECTIVE
to reveal the morphological features of the lower uterine segment myometrium in connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) in women with uterine inertia.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Histological, immunohistochemical (with antibodies against collagen types I and III, matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 9 (MMR-1, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), fibronectin; fibulin-5, connexin-43), electron microscopic, and electron immunocytochemical studies with morphometry of myometrial fragments from 15 parturient women with CTD and uterine inertia (a study group) and those from 10 women without CTD (a control group).

RESULTS
The myometrium in CTD exhibited the decreased expression of connextin-43, fibulin-5, TIMP-1, collagens types I and III with collagen type III predominance and the unchanged levels of fibronectin and MMP-1 and MMP-9. Electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry showed fewer intercellular contacts and the dramatically lower expression of connexin-43 than in the control.

CONCLUSION
A set of found myometrial changes in women with uterine inertia is a manifestation of CTD.


Most surgical procedures for treatment of peptic ulcer are used in an endeavor to cause reduction in gastric acidity or in the length of time the ulcer is exposed to the gastric content. These results are brought about either by increasing the speed with which the stomach empties or by causing mixing of the alkaline duodenal sections with the gastric content through an altered or artificial stoma. In all probability few, if any. of the procedures employed affect directly the secretory mechanism involved in the production of hydrochloric acid. It would seem more logical in uncomplicated cases to perform some procedure which would reduce the ability of the stomach to produce hydrochloric acid. With this hypothesis in view experimental work was carried out on dogs in an effort to determine what effect removal of varying portions of acid-secreting mucous membrane has on the acidity of the gastric and duodenal content.


The X‐ray image intensifier converts an X‐ray image into a bright visible light image. This enables image recording as well as viewing without dark adaptation. This tutorial describes the construction and function of the image intensifier tube and its associated optics. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 46:238–244, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The performance of Whisper in low-resource languages is still far from perfect. In addition to a lack of training data on low-resource languages, we identify some limitations in the beam search algorithm used in Whisper. To address these issues, we fine-tune Whisper on additional data and propose an improved decoding algorithm. On the Vietnamese language, fine-tuning Whisper-Tiny with LoRA leads to an improvement of 38.49 in WER over the zero-shot Whisper-Tiny setting which is a further reduction of 1.45 compared to full-parameter fine-tuning. Additionally, by using Filter-Ends and Min Lookahead decoding algorithms, the WER reduces by 2.26 on average over a range of languages compared to standard beam search. These results generalise to larger Whisper model sizes. We also prove a theorem that Min Lookahead outperforms the standard beam search algorithm used in Whisper.


Beginning with the basic background and perspectives needed for non-European audiences, the authors focus on the most striking aspects of European integration such as trade, agriculture, and monetary unification. Part I of the book ends with a capstone chapter that describes current weaknesses in a wide range of EU policy affairs. Part II covers insights on national and regional responses to the European Union policy recommendations, because the bulk of relevant expenditures are made by individual countries and not the EU itself. Students can appreciate difficulties, as well as the singificant areas of agreement among EU countries. The book concludes with a discussion of the future of the European Union in an evolving world economy.


With the study of minbus's accelerated exterior noise control,the principle of sound intensity measurement was applied,the sound intensity of a minbus's surface noise was tested,and the surface noise distribution was presented.Several identification of noise source methods including sound power,sound intensity contour map,frequency spectrum were used together for surface noise analysis and study.Engine radiation noise and exhaust noise was identified as the major noise sources.On the contrary,car body vibration noise,tyre noise,transmission agent noise,air admission noise just occupied a little proportion of surface sound radiation energy.The research provides the reliable basis to determine main projects of minibus's accelerated exterior noise control.


A betting rule is devised to profit from an alleged unwillingness of strong favorites in the National Basketball Association to cover large point spreads. Imaginary wagers placed on NBA underdogs awarded 10+ points by Las Vegas oddsmakers produced a significantly nonrandom wins-to-bets ratio of 53.4 percent during the five consecutive seasons ending in 2007. The failure to generate a W/B ratio of at least 55.4 percent over the 758 games meeting our point spread constraint precludes any claim of profitability.


Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) was one of the most important Brazilian social thinkers, whose legacy has been constantly revisited. In this paper I turn to a relatively unexplored aspect of his work that concerns the relationship between education and race. I point in this text beyond the 'myth of racial democracy' Freyre recognizes the existing barriers and inequalities in Brazilian society, so much that even states that diplomas become true 'letters of sociological whiteness"' recognizing not only the deep social differences existing between whites, blacks and mulattos in Brazil, as well as drawing attention to the dynamics created with the gradual process of schooling. I analyze how the work of Freyre presents this relationship between social mobility of blacks and mulattos and education, which I do using as substrate mainly the authors who have produced knowledge in the field of Brazilian social thought.


The noncontact weak current power supply platform for experiment is a new noncontact power supply system,which realizes the noncontact energy transmission and supplies the electric energy for the load through the electromagnetic induction coupling.The whole system mainly is composed of three parts: electric energy transformation,coupling transformer and energy regulation.The energy transformation mainly implements energy invert.The coupling transformer sends the inverted energy to the user side.The energy regulation section improves the energy transmission capacity.The system overcomes the unreliability and the immovability of traditional multi-point contacting transmission mode,provides a new convenient,green and security solution for energy transmission of portable electrical equipments,and supplies a new idea for the energy delivery to the equipments underwater or under explosive environments.


European public affairs practitioners need to be increasingly professional in their reactions to an EU undergoing transformational change. The paper offers a comprehensive summary of the subtleties of institutional change in Commission, Parliament and Council in 2004. In particular, the author argues that expansion from 15 member states to 25 has fundamentally changed the nature of the Union's politics and the skills required to influence it. This new EU requires more of practitioners than experience and amateur instinct: to achieve results and avoid restrictive regulation, the public affairs community must adopt effective training strategies, challenging competence targets and regular self-assessment of its performance and ethics. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications


A set of analog device and macro module generators has been implemented in the GDT environment. The generators are technology and design rules independent and can assist effectively design of analog circuits in BiCMOS and analog I2L technologies. The design flow starts with a hierarchical schematic, generates automatically all components needed, and performs analog routing followed by a postprocessing. Design of a VCO circuit will be demonstrated as an example.


Nowadays, explosive growing the resources with Myanmar language on the Internet, the information retrieval (IR) for Myanmar web pages has increasingly important.The proposed system presents an effective semantic retrieval approach based on parallel Self Organizing Map (SOM), which uses document associationinstead of Euclidian distance in distance calculation, and GloVe (Global Vector for Word Representation) for word co-occurrence. The Self Organizing Map (SOM) has been a promising method for document clustering and word sense disambiguation. This approach uses the parallel training the separate parts of SOM for document clustering, then combine, and recluster the documents.During the training of the parts of SOM, global vector is used for appearance of word cooccurrence and then combines the word categories based on semantic sense.Although many researchers have researched the various semantic information retrieval approaches, they have not yet adapted to retrieve the semantic information of Myanmar words and sentences. This approach can retrieve most semantically relevant web documents. This does not take too long time for SOM training because of parallel GPU approach. Keywords-Semantic Web, Self-Organizing Map, Information Retrieval.


The Nilsson model is one of the most successful models in describing the single particle levels of nucleus. In this model the single particle energies and their spins can be deduced by the using of a modified harmonic oscillator potential. The pairing interaction between nucleons have important effect on nuclear properties and should be considered in the theoretical calculations. The pairing interaction is well described in the nuclear BCS model. The extracted results of the Nilsson model can be used as the initial data in the BCS calculations of the nuclear level density and as a result the thermal properties of the different nuclei. There are experimental data for the nuclear level densities of some nuclei. The experimental results show a constant temperature behavior at the low excitation energies [1]. This can be interpreted as an evidence for the phase transition between paired and unpaired nucleons. The BCS model is expected to describe the pairing phase transition of the nuclei. In this work we have studied the phase transition of Th by the using of the extracted level densities and excitation energies within the BCS model and then we have compared them with the experimental results.


Desire to maximize economic growth in the Padang City, so it need to know the minimum estimate of inflation, that matter is done so that can anticipate the value of inflation outside the desired rate. This research was conducted to obtain forecasting inflation rates in the Padang City using the Backpropagation method. The data of this research is secondary data. Data obtained through the West Sumatra BPS website about inflation of Padang City in January 2013-December 2019. The results of  research  obtained a  forecasting inflation rates in the Padang City with MSE value is 0.010689.


Aim: The aim of this study is to study the cytomorphologic features of benign breast lesions and correlate with clinical and histological findings. To find diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in benign lesions of breast. Methods: Consecutive 100 patients of benign breast lesions which included 94 females and 6 males were subjected to FNAC. Clinical findings including general, systemic and local examination were noted. Cytomorphologic features of the breast lesions were studied in detail and correlated with clinical and histological features. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was calculated. Results: The most common age group affected in our study was 21-30 years (39%). The most common lesion encountered in our study on FNAC was fibroadenoma (49%) followed by fibrocystic disease (14%), and acute mastitis (5%). Tuberculous mastitis was 3%. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 86.66%. Conclusion: FNAC is a safe outpatient procedure and is cost effective. FNAC provides highly accurate preoperative diagnosis (86.66%) in patients with benign breast lesions. It is highly sensitive and specific in diagnosing benign breast lesions. FNAC is quite useful in early diagnosis and management of the inflammatory lesions of the breast.


This paper deals with the evaluation of a controlled release indomethacin suppository (CRIS) by in vitro and in vivo tests. The dissolution test was carried out by a basket method. Serum levels of indomethacin after rectal administration of CRIS and a conventional indomethacin suppository (CIS) in 6 human subjects were determined by a fluorescence spectrophotometry method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted by non-linear least square method with Radio Shack TRS-80 micro-computer system. The dissolution test showed that the release-mechanism of CRIS in vitro may be described by apparent zero-order kinetics. The dissolution rate costant was found to be 11.37%/h (t≤8h); The results of in vivo test showed a desirable release behaviour of CRIS in human subjects. In other words, CRIS demonstrated a smoother serum concentration-time profile than CIS in elimination phase but much lower in maximum concentration following a single dose(75 mg). The rate of absorption of CRIS in human was found to conform to apparent zero-order kinetics (K_a~0=9.60%/h) during the first 8 h, and there is a linear relationship between percent absorption in vivo and percent dissolution in vitro (r=0.9979, p0.001). Bioavailability of CRIS is also better than that of CIS.


Engineers have commonly described the iron precipitate in water treatment plants as ferric hydroxide, Fe (OH)\d3, but have also considered the possibility that in certain cases it might be ferrous carbonate. These were reasonable assumptions based on equilibrium constant data; however, neither Fe(OH)\d3 nor FeCO\d3 were ever actually proven to exist in water treatment plants. However, Fe(OH)\d3 is not a recognized crystalline mineral and recent investigations at Iowa State University found that FeCO\d3 unlikely to form in most treatment plants. Rather, when oxygen is the oxidant, the precipitate is more likely to be very small crystals of lepidocrocite, γ\N-FeOOH, at low silica concentrations (LT7 mg/ at pH 7 with an iron concentration of 10 mg/1), but becomes amorphous at higher silica concentrations due to the adsorption of silica onto the growing crystals. When a strong oxidant such as KMnO\d4 is used the precipitate has a much smaller pore structure and is amorphous.


During the seventeenth century, the Baroque was exported wholesale to the areas of the world being colonized by Catholic Europe. It is one of the few satisfying ironies of European imperial domination worldwide that the baroque worked poorly as a colonizing instrument. Its visual and verbal forms are ample, dynamic, porous, and permeable, and in all areas colonized by Europe during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the baroque was itself eventually colonized. In the New World, its transplants immediately began to incorporate the cultural perspectives and iconographies of the indigenous and African laborers and artisans who built and decorated Catholic structures. Cultural heresies (and heretics) often entered unnoticed or were ignored for reasons of expediency. Asian influences arrived on the Nao de China (the Manila Galleon) with artifacts from Japan, China, the Moluccas, and the Philippines, destined for Europe but portaged across New Spain, thus joining the diverse cultural streams that over time came to constitute the New World baroque. And, in time, the baroque was also transformed in Europe by New World influences: its materials (silver from Mexico and Peru, ivory from the Philippines), its motifs (fauna and flora from the Caribbean, the Orinoco, the Amazon), and its methods (artistic, doctrinal, indoctrinating).


Influence of voids on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of carbon fiber reinforced plastics was investigated. In order to obtain the specimen containing a wide range of void content values, a small quantity of forming agent was sprayed among each lamina prior to the molding of composite. Regression lines which represent the relation between ILSS and void contents were derived from all the test groups for each sample. The criterion value of void contents, V0, which is required for quality evaluation of composites was calculated by employing the regression lines and the procedure of 'analysis of variance'. Consequently, the criterion value of void contents was about 1% in the present study. Weibull analysis for the specimen was performed in order to investigate the influence of voids on the mechanical reliability of composites.


In the present study twenty samples, each 10 of 2 different Packets fruit juice (A&B) marketed in Karimnagar city, Andhra Pradesh was assessed by using the parameters: the number of microorganisms, types of microorganisms, the presence of coliforms, the yeast and mold content of the fruit juice samples. Different packeted fruit juice samples were collected and the samples were surface sterilized with IPA. Then the packets were thoroughly shaken and mixed and then 1 ml was taken into the sterile pipette and inoculated in to the desirable medium. All the samples from different pocketed fruit juice showed the presence of bacteria, yeast, mold, and colformis being absent.


In the present study, two typical natural granites were ground with ELID technology and metal-resin bonded diamond wheels. Based on the micro observations of the ground granite surfaces, the morphological changes of ground granite surfaces including roughness and glossiness were analyzed. It is shown that natural granite surfaces could be smoothly finished with ELID lap grinding, but the natural defects limit the further improvement of surface glossiness.


Here are some tips to help you overcome your fears and relax the next time you visit your dentist: • Talk to your dental providers about your fears. If they know that you have concerns, they can work with you to address them. Ask questions so you know what to expect. • Avoid caffeine and sugar before going to the dentist. These can make you nervous and increase your feelings of anxiety. Instead, try to eat high-protein foods, which may actually help calm you. • Make a conscious effort to relax. Take deep, measured breaths and try to focus on something that calms and relaxes you like a favorite place, memory, or song. • Be in control! Schedule your appointment at a time when you are most likely to be relaxed and not feel stressed or rushed. Arrange a signal (like raising your hand) that you can give if you are feeling uncomfortable or panicky. Ask to take a break if needed.


The three-orbital model of the interaction between the unshared pair of a heteroatom and a bond (phi/sub a/, phi/sub bc/, phi/sub bc/*) and the simplification of this model to two-orbital models (phi/sub a/, phi/sub bc/) and (phi/sub a/, phi/sub bc/*) are analyzed. An analytic expression is obtained for the error of such a simplification, and a relationship which reveals the inseparability of the charge transfer and the bonding and antibonding terms of the interaction is obtained. The orbital models are used for the analysis of the bond and dihedral angles, the bond lengths, and the bond polarization.


Cultural and ethnic diversity as a principle feature in Canadian child protection services necessitates drastic continuous reviews of existing organization policies and frameworks. A case in point is the need to address the persistent disproportional representation of ethnic minority children in the British Columbia's provincial child welfare system. As the initial contact with families in the province, child protection intake social workers' cultural competency largely determines the effectiveness of the services provided to families. This qualitative study used content analysis to analyze interviews with six child protection social workers employed by the Ministry of Children and Family Development (MCFD). A thematic framework was developed that can be used to inform MCFD regarding the need for improvement of cultural competency among its workers. --P. i.


Hierarchically structured and ammonium-rich Prussian blue analogue materials are prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method, and show excellent lithium storage performance.


The effect of coupling between horizontal and vertical betatron oscillations on the growth of a beam due to a intrabeam scattering has been studied. It was suggested that the presence of coupling may reduce the effects of intrabeam scattering. A procedure is outlined for revising intrabeam scattering theory to include coupling. There is one case where a plausible solution is not difficult to find, and this is the case of complete coupling. In this case, although coupling reduces the initial horizontal growth rate by a factor of 2, the final size of the beam after many hours is reduced by about 15%. An invariant is found that relates the energy spread and the transverse beam size that is valid at high energies and for the case of complete coupling.


BACKGROUND
Prior research demonstrates that Black Americans receive fewer health benefits at high levels of SES relative to Whites. Yet, few studies have considered the role of lifetime SES (i.e. changes in SES from childhood to adulthood) in shaping these patterns among older adults. This study investigates the extent to which racial disparities in allostatic load (AL), an indicator of accelerated physiological aging, vary across levels of lifetime SES among Black and White adults aged 50+.

METHODS
With data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study, modified Poisson regression models were used to assess racial differences in the odds of high AL (4+ high-risk biomarkers) among Black and White older adults (N=518) within each level of lifetime SES (i.e., stable low SES, upward mobility, downward mobility, stable high SES).

RESULTS
Stable high SES was associated with greater odds of high AL; there was not a significant association between other lifetime SES trajectories and AL. However, the magnitude of racial disparities varied across levels of lifetime SES, with a significant Black-White difference in AL observed only among upwardly mobile (OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.24-2.51) and high SES groups (OR=2.22, 95% CI=1.37-3.58).

CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrates that racial disparities in AL among older adults depends on individuals' lifetime SES trajectories, and that older Black Americans receive fewer health benefits for achieving higher SES. These findings underscore the need to evaluate socioeconomic resources across the life course to clarify the extent of racial disparities among aging populations.


In many species, including human beings, pregnancy results in an activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in increased maternal cortisol secretion. This increase is important for maintaining an environment to support fetal growth and development, because adrenal excess or insufficiency results in disturbances in maternal and fetal homeostasis. The mechanism of the HPA axis activation is not completely understood, and in the human, may involve placental secretion of corticotropin releasing hormone. However, a common mechanism is likely to be the interaction of progesterone with mineralocorticoid receptors in the brain, resulting in an increase in set-point for cortisol. In the human, maternal cortisol can cross the placenta and affect fetal physiology before the fetal adrenal maturation. As the fetus matures, transplacental passage of cortisol decreases, and the fetal adrenal cortisol and androgen secretion increases. The maturing fetal HPA axis ultimately controls the timing of parturition by determining the rate of estrogen secretion from the placenta, thereby stimulating increased myometrial activity during labor. At term, interactions between the HPA and placental hormones may result in positive feedback cycles, which amplify and coordinate the increases in HPA secretion, myometrial activity, and fetal organ maturation.


The problem of estimation of the states of nonlinear systems described by difference equations is considered in a rather general setting and conditionally optimal filters are obtained. Several general and special cases are studied and methods of computation of the optimal gains and selection of the structural functions of these estimators are discussed. The computations of the gains can be carried out before collecting the measurement data, rendering the processing of these data very simple.


or control of exercise or food intake in the days preceding the self-reported overnight fast, or information on menstrual status in this study of mostly women of menstruating age.The test drink in this study was also about five times sweeter than a typical diet soft drink, and there was no control to assess the impact of sweetness alone. Other factors, such as gastric emptying rates, can also significantly impact OGTT outcomes. Such confounding variables could impact the results of repetitive OGTTs in this small (N 5 17) study, and thus explain the nominal differences observed in the insulin and glucose measures reported. In some animal and in vitro studies, sucralose has been shown to interact with gut sweet-taste receptors, with different effects, including a GLP-1 response. However, multiple clinical studies in humans do not support a clinically meaningful effect on GLP-1 or a biological effect on carbohydrate metabolism (3–5). These studies report that sucralose does not alter glucose homeostasis or adversely affect insulin response,eitheracutelyorchronically,innormal and diabetic people. The results of these studies also strongly suggest that noadverseeffectonglucosehomeostasis would result from the interaction of sucraloseor,indeed,anynonnutritivesweetener with sweet-taste receptors in the body. Regulatory health authorities around the world have concluded that sucralose is safe for use. In the U.S. Food and Drug Administrationrulingthatsucraloseissafe for its intended use (6), including for both normoglycemic anddiabetic individuals, it stated that studies show that sucralose has no influence on insulin secretion or postprandial or fasting blood glucose levels in animals or humans. Therefore, the available evidence indicates that sucralose is safe, with no clinically significant effect on either acute or long-term blood glucose control.


Electric Vehicles(EVs) provide a significant opportunity for reducing the consumption of fossil energies and the emission of carbon dioxide.With more and more electric vehicles integrated in the power systems,it becomes important to study the effects of EV integration on the power systems,especially the low and middle voltage level networks.The basic structure and characteristics of the electric vehicles are introduced in this paper.The possible impacts of large scale integration of electric vehicles on the power systems especially the advantage to the integration of the renewable energies are discussed.Finally,the research projects related to the large scale integration of electric vehicles into the power systems are introduced,it will provide reference for large scale integration of Electric Vehicles into power grids.


Almajiri phenomenon in Nigeria is a complex phenomenon that affects the educational pursuit of children. Almajiri is a result of precarious and dehumanizing circumstances surrounding a child's existence, upbringing and welfare. This paper x-rayed the concept, causes, and consequences of the phenomenon. It also showed the historical origin of the almajiri while sociological functionalist theory was adopted to capture their relevance through formal education. This is because they are bonafide members of the society and have a right to benefit from formal education so that they can contribute positively to the development of the society and also be able to make a decent living instead of wandering in the street aimlessly without any well defined destination. Nigerian constitution and policy framework form the necessity for the almajiris to have unfettered access to formal education pinging on its fundamental human rights. The paper concluded that education is an instrument of liberation which can provide a better, meaningful and robust future for the almajiris labelled as the most disadvantaged in terms of quality and accessibility to formal education. The paper recommended that stakeholders in education should support and recognize the system, provide jobs, infrastructural facilities in schools and embark on aggressive mobilization, sensitization and enlightenment campaigns against the consequences of almajiri phenomenon.


Please cite this article as: Gunilla Önning , Magnus Hillman , Maria Hedin , Caroline Montelius , Joakim Eriksson , Siv Ahrné , Peter Jönsson , Intake of Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL9 reduces the inflammatory markers soluble fractalkine and CD163 during acute stress: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study, Physiology & Behavior (2020), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113083


A method for controlling spatiotemporal chaos in certain classes of spatially extended systems is proposed. In these systems, unstable defects emit convectively unstable waves which subsequently break and may nucleate new defects. Control is achieved via the stabilization of one such active wave source, which then sweeps all of the chaotic fluctuations to the system boundaries. This method is applied to the one- and two-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, and to a recent model of spiral breakup in excitable media.


An integrated motor-compressor synergistically combines a flux-switching permanent magnet machine with an axial-flow compressor by shaping the rotor poles of the motor into airfoils. The airfoil-shaped rotor functions as the rotor of a motor as well as the rotor of an axial-flow compressor. The airfoil-shaped rotor poles need to be skewed by the proper blade stagger angle to obtain optimal fluid mechanics performance. The objective of this article is to investigate the effects of the stagger angle (skew) of the airfoil-shaped rotor on the thermodynamic and fluid mechanics performance of the integrated motor-compressor by mean line calculations and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The skewing effects on the electromagnetic performance of the integrated motor-compressor with aligned and unaligned stator-rotor configurations are also investigated by analytical equations and three-dimensional finite-element analysis. A prototype is built for the integrated motor-compressor. Experimental results are also included to validate the simulations.


This paper presents a low noise LDO with pre-amplified stage and base current compensation with low noise and high transient response. In this proposed LDO, a pre-amplification structure, where a BJT pre-amplified stage is added before the conventional error amplifier (EA), is employed to reduce the 1/f noise of the EA to improve the LDO noise performance. Owing to the existence of the BJT base current, the base current compensation is added before the pre-amplified stage to ensure the output voltage accuracy. In this paper, a charge release path is added to the output to improve the LDO transient response. The chip was implemented in 0.18μm CMOS process. The integrated noise is approximately 50μV in the range of 10 Hz to 100 kHz at the input voltage of 1.4 V and the load current of 50 mA. The output noise is 0.8μV at a frequency of 10 Hz. The LDO output voltage stabilizes within 6.8μs as the load current is abrupt from 50 mA to 1 mA.


Among novel critical-element-free materials for permanent magnets, the nearly equiatomic Fe–Co alloy has recently attracted a great deal of attention as a large magneto-crystalline anisotropy can be induced by straining the Fe–Co unit cell. In thin film systems, the use of a suitable underlayer allows a tetragonal reconstruction of the Fe–Co to be triggered up to a critical thickness of few nanometers, above which the crystal structure relaxes to the magnetically soft cubic phase. Scaling-up the thickness of the metastable tetragonal Fe–Co phase is of crucial significance for different nanoscale applications, such as magnetic micro- and nano-electromechanical systems. To suppress the strain relaxation occurring at high thicknesses, we explored a novel approach based on Fe–Co(C)/Au–Cu multilayer films, where both Au–Cu interlayers and carbon (C) doping were used to stabilize the strained Fe–Co tetragonal phase over large thicknesses. Both doped and un-doped multilayer structures show a coherently strained regime, persisting up to a thickness of 60 nm, which leads, possibly in combination with the surface anisotropy induced at the Au–Cu interfaces, to the appearance of a large out-of-plane anisotropy (up to 0.4 MJ m−3), thus suggesting the potential of such an approach to develop critical-element-free thin film permanent magnets for a variety of nanoscale applications.


The objective of the present investigation is to obtain an optimal formulation for the elaboration of a fermented beverage from whey enriched with tarwi. The research was carried out in the laboratories of biochemistry, processes, and microbiology of the Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering of the National University Federico Villarreal (UNFV). The Taguchi methodology was used in the formulation and optimization process, which allowed us to work with three control factors: fresh milk (LF), whey (LC) and tarwi flour (HT), with two levels of work and four runs Experimental The formulations to which sensory acceptability analysis (AS) determined by taste, color and smell were obtained. The F4 formulation (50% LC, 40% LF, and 5% HT) obtained the highest score with an AS (4.49) equivalent to "Moderately liked," Signal to Noise ratio (13,045). The factor with the most significant influence in the elaboration of the fermented whey drink enriched with tarwi depending on the sensory acceptability determined by the S / R was fresh milk (1.78). The addition of tarwi flour does affect the sensory acceptability of the product according to the S / R and the response surface method, and they determine that the higher the amount of tarwi flour shows lower acceptability of the product.


The variation characteristics of starting date of summer monsoon rain in South China and its relation to atmospheric circulation and SST in the preceding winter are studied using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and ERSST(Extended Reconstruction of global Sea Surface Temperatures) data during 1951-2004.The wavelet analysis exhibits significant interannual and interdecadal variation in the sequence of SDSMR(Starting Date of Summer Monsoon Rain).The interannual variation is dominated by quasi-bi-triennium periodic oscillation and the period of interdecadal variation is about 16 years.But the interdecadal variation became weaker from the early 1990s.The Ural Mountains blocking high is stronger,the East Asia trough is deeper,the Aleutian low is stronger and the cold air activity is stronger during the preceding winter for years of earlier SDSMR.The sea surface temperature(SST) anomalies near the Okhotsk Sea are stable precursory signal with positive correlation for SDSMR and can last for winter and spring.The composite analysis shows that the Tibetan high is weaker and is located east and north,anomalous westerly controls South China at 100 hPa in May,and the SDSMR is later when the SST anomalies near the Okhotsk Sea is positive.The northeast wind prevails in South China at 850 hPa meanwhile,so the cold air dominates South China.Contrarily,when the SST anomalies near the Okhotsk Sea is negative,the Tibetan high is stronger and is located west and south,anomalous easterly controls South China at 100 hPa in May and the SDSMR is earlier.The southerly prevails in South China at 850 hPa,so the tropical circulation system dominates South China.The precursory signals for SDSMR in atmospheric circulation and SST are consistent.A possible physical process is as follows.The stronger cold air during winter increases the total wind speed and cools SST near the Okhotsk Sea through enhanced surface evaporation.The negative SST anomalies during winter in the Okhotsk Sea make the Okhotsk Sea blocking high weaken during spring,East Asia trough becomes weaker,and hence the cold air activity affecting eastern China during spring becomes weaker.So South China is easily affected by the tropical synoptic system,SDSMR is earlier,and vice versa.


The temperature and free energy dependence of electron transfer from the primary semiquinone (Q/sub A/sup .-/) to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll dimer ((BChl)/sub 2//sup .+/ have been measured in the reaction center protein from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides in which the native Q/sub A/, ubiquinone-10, has been removed and replaced by one of 11 substituted 9,10-anthraquinones, seven 1,4-naphthoquinones, 1,2-naphthoquinone, or five 1,4-benzoquinones. For 19 of these quinones an in situ midpoint potential value at 295 K for the Q/sub A//Q/sub A//sup .-/ couple was available providing a series of reaction center proteins with a variation of reaction -..delta..G/sup 0/ from 0.49 to 0.81 eV. The E/sub 1/2/ values for the remaining Q/sub As/ were estimated from measurements on quinones in solution, extending the reaction -..delta..G/sup 0/ range from 0.11 to 0.94 eV. The rates of intraprotein electron transfer from the various Q/sub A//sup .-/ molecules to (BChl)/sub 2//sup .+/ were found to be virtually independent of temperature from 5 to 100 K and, where measured, to decrease severalfold from 100 to 300k, a pattern well-known for native reaction center protein. Preliminary attempts have been made to model the observed dependence of the electron-transfer rate on the -..delta..G/sup 0/ and temperature in terms ofmore » current theories that describe electron-transfer reactions as nonadiabatic, multiphonon, nonradiative decay processes.« less


We consider a Th\'evenin equivalent circuit capturing the dynamics of a power grid as seen from the point of common coupling with a power electronic converter, and provide a solution to the problem of online identification of the corresponding circuit parameters. For this purpose, we first derive a linear regression model in the conventional abc coordinates and next design a bounded observer-based composite identifier that requires local measurements and knowledge of the grid frequency only. An extension that guarantees exponential convergence of the estimates, under the additional assumption of knowledge of the grid X/R ratio, is further provided. The performance of the proposed identifier, which subsumes a conventional gradient descent algorithm, is illustrated via detailed computer simulations.


Objective To study the computer-based method for hazards assessment and emergency rescue against chemical water pollution in Huizhou River.Methods The information on the used hazardous chemical materials,meteorology,hydrology,geomorphology and physiognomy,demology and available rescue system in Huizhou were collected and the Simulation Program for Hazards Assessment and Emergency Rescue against Chemical Water Pollution in Huizhou Rivers was studied based on the Guangdong Provincial System for Hazard Evaluation and Medical Rescue Resource.Results If chemical contamination occurrs in Huizhou rivers,the system could make a more comprehensive assessment on the overall hazards and indicate the corresponding medical emergency rescue measures.Conclusion This system is able to qualitatively assess the consequence of water pollution in Huizhou rivers and help determine the emergency-rescue plan and tactics.


Indonesia was once one of the main players in incandescent lamp markets. However, Indonesian lighting manufacturers cannot compete with cheaper imported compacted fluorescent (CFL) and light-emitting diode (LED) lamps; consequently, their market share has significantly reduced. Furthermore, the absence of compulsory standard has led to an abundance of low-quality and low-cost lamps coming from foreign manufacturers. This study aims to propose policies to improve the market share of domestic lighting manufacturers. Data were collected through a survey and series of interviews and focus groups discussions. A causal loop diagram was then drawn based on insights from the primary data to propose systematically arranged policies. The results suggested five recommendations: disseminating local lamp brands through compulsory use in government institutions and state-owned enterprises, implementing MEPS, securing commitments from construction planners and contractors to use local lamps, mandating enforced permit for imported LED lamps, and investing in the LED chip industry. These policy recommendations are expected to increase the market share of local lighting manufacturers.


A security threat to enterprise networks is the malware that exists on IoT devices which is rarely controlled at the same level that are observed for conventional computing devices. More specifically, IoT devices are poorly monitored for malware. Through self-modification, this malware attempts to hide its presence in order to evade anti-virus software. The consequences of this problem primarily affect the integrity of the IoT device. Availability and the confidentiality of the data are also affected. One solution for finding the malware is a similarity hash, which is a method of finding similarities between two or more data sets. This thesis compares and contrasts several similarity algorithms and gives a detailed examination of each, intending to find the best algorithm for working with self-modifying malware on IoT devices with smaller processors. The algorithms are examined from multiple points of view: the underlying equations, efficient interactions with computer architecture, and as tools for the system owners and cybersecurity analysts.


UV-VUV excitation spectra and emission spectra under UV excitation of SrAl 2B 2O 7:Dy 3+ ,BaAl 2B 2O 7:Dy 3+ ,SrAl 3BO 7:Dy 3+ ,La 2CaB 10 O 19 :Dy 3+ are investigated. Yellow-to-blue intensity ratios ( Y/B ) of Dy 3+ emission in these hosts are discussed. The f-d transition of Dy 3+ , charge transfer state (CTS) and host absorption in VUV excitation spectra are assigned.


Summary (S)-Hydroxynitrile lyase from Hevea brasiliensis (HbHnl) (EC 22.214.171.124) catalyzes the reversible synthesis of chiral cyanohydrins from aldehydes or ketones and HCN. The enzymatic formation of (S)-mandelonitrile (MN) from benzaldehyde (BA) and HCN was studied in two-phase systems of buffer and organic solvents (diisopropyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether) using a Lewis cell to investigate the interaction between mass transfer and the biocatalytic reaction. The enzymatic reaction rate in the aqueous phase saturated with organic solvents is drastically reduced in comparison to pure buffer due to the increase of the Michaelis-Menten constants of the substrates. Mass transfer of the substrates from the organic to the aqueous phase and mass transfer of the product in the opposite direction could be described by the two-film theory. The formation of (S)-mandelonitrile in the Lewis cell follows an aqueous phase distributed reaction model, which means that the enzymatic reaction takes place in the bulk of the aqueous phase and in the thin film close to the interface and/or directly at the interface. Using the Hatta number it could be shown that the mass transfer of benzaldehyde from the organic to the aqueous phase is enhanced by the biocatalytic reaction of the (S)-hydroxynitrile lyase from Hevea brasiliensis.


An effective new route to diltiazem, a representative coronary vasodilator, through (-)-(2R, 3S)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidamide [(-)-2] has been achieved. The glycidamide (-)-2 was prepared in 43% overall yield by a combination of the enzymatic resolution of methyl (±)-(2RS, 3SR)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate [(±)-1] with lipase and the following amidation of (-)-1 with ammonia. A one-pot synthesis through the treatment of (-)-2 with 2-aminothiophenol and a following ring closing reaction efficiently gave a key intermediate of diltiazem synthesis, (2S, 3S)-2, 3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1, 5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one [cis-(+)-5] in 80% overall yield.


A new method to analyze the dynamics of underwater robot manipulators is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, hydrodynamic terms such as added mass, drag and buoyancy in dynamics of underwater robots are obtained by iterative learning control and time-scale transformation. The advantage of the proposed method is not to use parameter estimation of the dynamics. In this paper, we explain that the proposed method can be applied to hardware design, motion control and motion planning of underwater robots. Moreover, the experimental results using a 1-DOF and a 3-DOF manipulator demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Objective In order to explore the impact of the distribution of the magnetic fluid in animals after implanting permanent magnet.Methods Some magnetic particles were implanted in New Zealand rabbits by a certain way to establish a magnetic field,and the animals were anatomized after injecting nano Fe3O4 magnetic fluid intravenously,then the content of the Fe3O4 in organization was observed and detected by using MRI.Results The place implanted the magnetic particles displayed image by MRI;the content of Fe3O4 in the place implanted magnetic particles tested by atomic absorption spectrometry was significantly higher than those in the compared location after the drug injection from 1 to 15 days.Conclusion Magnetic particles can be implanted in animal to establish a magnetic field and attract magnetic fluid deposited in a local place for a long time.


Two-dimensional metal halide perovskite nanocrystals are attractive for their blue-shifted absorption relative to their 3D counterparts, narrow emission line widths, high absorption cross sections,...


The electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention, a shared cache memory, including a central processing unit, at least one of the secondary processing apparatus, and the controller including at least one core. Said controller wherein the shared cache memory when the central processing unit to switch back operation mode for the shared cache memory with at least one core is in sleep mode, the CPU control to be used as a cache memory, and the central processing unit It characterized in that the control to be available to at least one buffer of the secondary processing apparatus. However, not limited to the above embodiment can be another embodiment.


Mergers permit railroads to do more with less track, fewer yards and terminals, and far fewer employees. It is argued that without mergers, no amount of regulatory or tax reform could have preserved private sector railroading. The article looks at other elements of the industry that are seeking strength in union.


The Denali project provides system support for running several mutually distrusting Internet services on the same physical infrastructure. For example, this would enable a developer to push dynamic content into third party hosting infrastructure such as content distribution networks. To accomplish this, we propose a new kernel architecture called an isolation kernel to isolate untrusted applications. An isolation kernel is a simple, thin software layer that runs directly on hardware (and hence below operating systems), whose function is to subdivide a physical machine into a set of fully isolated protection domains. Isolation kernels resemble virtual machine monitors in that they expose a virtualized hardware interface to a set of virtual machines. Unlike VMMs, however, isolation kernels do not attempt to precisely emulate the underlying physical architecture. By selectively modifying the hardware architecture, we enable our system to scale up to 1000's of virtual machines on commodity hardware. In this paper, we describe a set of design principles that govern isolation kernels, briefly discuss a prototype isolation kernel, and present future work and applications of isolation kernels.


The feature extraction and classification is an important stage in human activity recognition (HAR). In this paper, we discuss human activity classification using wearable multimodal wireless sensors in healthcare, especially in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We use majorly principle component analysis (PCA) on data collected using accelerometers and gyroscope data from subjects for 15 Local Muscular Endurance (LME) exercises. Well-known time domain and frequency-domain signal characteristic features are extracted and classification of best features is carried out with PCA. Supervised learning algorithms based with support vector machines (SVM) are used further for recognition of movement patterns.


Objective:To explore if CHADS2 score could predict complications in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation(Af).Method:All 251 patients undergoing catheter ablation of Af were enrolled.CHADS2 score was calculated as follows:two points were assigned for history of stroke or transient ischemic attack and 1point each was assigned for age≥75,history of hypertension,diabetes,recent cardiac failure.Result:Of the 251 patients,109patients had CHADS2=0,75 patients had CHADS2=1,67 patients had CHADS2≥ 2.There were no differences of Af duration,Af type,left atrial diameter,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,left ventricular end-systolic diameter and ejection fraction among the three groups.There were 27 patients suffered complications(10.7%).CHADS2 score was significantly higher in the patients with complications[(1.4±1.3)vs(0.9±1.0),P0.05]than those without.The incidence rate were 8.3%,8.0%,17.9% among the groups with CHADS2=0,1,≥2,respectively(P=0.087).The thrombotic and bleeding complications was significantly increased with CHADS2 score with the complication rate 2.8%,6.7%,14.9%among the three groups(P0.05).The complication rate was significantly higher in the patients with diabetes(32.1% VS.8.1%,P0.001)and previous stroke(29.4% VS 9.4%%,P=0.010)than those without.Conclusion:CHADS2score have an important role in the prediction of complication in catheter ablation of Af.


The invention provides a buried-type nonwoven fabric rat-proof drip irrigation band. A drip irrigation band main body is a piece of single-sided film nonwoven fabric and is provided with a water passage and one to two water permeating side slits, each water permeating side slit is provided with discontinuous bonding points, a nonwoven fiber layer is oppositely bonded, a water permeating passage is formed by a gap between two adjacent bonding points on each side slit, and the buried-type nonwoven fabric rat-proof drip irrigation band is characterized in that the nonwoven fabric single-sided film contains one or more compositions of rat-proof agent coal tar and diesel. Compared with capsaicine, by adopting a rat-proof drip irrigation band processing method, no irritation is produced for operation personnel, and the environmental friendliness in production is realized. On the premise for preventing rats, the coal tar and the diesel are well compatible with polyethylene plastic masterbatch, the application cost is lower than that of the capsaicine, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced, the rat-proof function is realized, and a novel way is developed for the popularization of the rat-proof agent in the field of water-saving irrigation.


The effect of modifying additives such as low molecular weight polylactide (PLA) and benzyl alcohol (BA) on the degree of hydrophilicity of high molecular weight PLA before and after plasma treatment with low density and specific power per area was investigated. The lowest water contact angle (WCA) after modification was about 17°. A comparative evaluation of the formed functional groups amount, the hydrophilicity and stability of the plasma modification was carried out. WCA measurements of ageing of modified samples over time up to one year was carried out. It was found that plasma treated PLA films, obtained from tetrahydrofuran solution of high-molecular weight PLA and BA, demonstrated one of the highest ageing stability at high hydrophilicity. At the same time, the increase of the oxygen-containing functional groups amount on the modified PLA surface (about 40%, estimated by XPS) is close to the critical value in point of view of ensuring both high hydrophilicity and stability of the PLA surface after the modification.


1 Essential Self-adjointness §2 Essential Spectrum §3 Separation of variables §4 Non-existence of eigenvalues embedded in the continuous spectrum §5 Absolute continuity of the spectrum §6 Non-relativistic limit of Dirac operators 1 Essential Self-adjointness Let us consider the Dirac operator L = L0 + Q(x) := c(α · p) + mcβ + Q(x) (1)


A low-voltage auto-switching system of auxiliary supply was designed based on S7-200 PLC.The software-realizing methods of four operating modes,which include "hand-close hand-open","auto-close hand-open","hand-close autoopen" and "auto-close auto-open",were discussed.Some PLC ladder programs and hardware system based on S7-200 and MT circuit breaker were introduced.The practice shows that the system can meet the requirements of techniques and users,with high reliability and flexibility.


11 Introduction: Motor imagery during functional magnetic resonance imaging is 12 commonly used to understand the neural underpinnings of complex movements. This 13 approach has recently been applied to individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) to better 14 understand how brain function may relate to movement dysfunction. However, the 15 ability of individuals with PD to imagine movements when "Off" dopamine replacement 16 medication is poorly understood. Therefore, the primary purpose of the current study is 17 to test the ability of people with PD to imagine movements while "On" and "Off" anti- 18 Parkinson medication. 19 Methods: Vividness of imagery was assessed in 28 individuals with mild to moderate 20 PD (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1-3) via the Kinesthetic Visual Imagery Questionnaire 21 (KVIQ-20) both "On" and "Off" anti-Parkinson medication. Vividness of imagery of 32 22 age-matched older adults was also assessed.


This paper describes the long-term research work that is being conducted at the Key Laboratory of High Voltage and Electrical New Technology of the Ministry of Education in Chongqing University, China, to address the technical problems arising from the West-to-East Power Transmission Project concerning the outdoor insulation in complex climate environment. The research included a theoretical investigation on the principles of insulation coordination and the technology and measurement techniques to prevent accidents


This study aims to find out the reasons students majoring in accounting at the Faculty of Economics, Pattimura University decided to choose a concentration in public sector accounting, to be precise, students in their sixth semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is a type of qualitative research using an interpretive paradigm. Retrieval of data using interviews packaged in the form of Fucus Group Discussion. The results showed that the reasons for students choosing the ASP (Public Sector Accounting) concentration were due to the preparation of their final project, preferred career goals, factors of interest in Public Sector Accounting, perceptions of wider availability of employment opportunities, perceptions of ASP courses tend to be easier, as well as factors teaching lecturer. Another finding is that almost all respondents are interested in a career as a government employee, although not all stated that the reason for choosing the ASP concentration was because of this.Keywords: Concentration, Accounting, Public, Qualitative, Interpretive


The occurrence of total and culturable bacteria in Shenzhen coastal waters was studied using fluorescence microscope and 2216E plates.Results showed that the abundance of total bacteria were general 1~2 order of magnitude higher than that of culturable bacteria which represented 0.13%~88.65% of the total bacteria,with the hightest abundance at station YMK001 with healthy waters and station GDN053 with polluted waters.It seemed that the abundance of culturable bacteria was not significantly correlated with the total bacteria,CODMn and BOD5,indicating that the distribution of culturable bacteria was not in accord with that of total bacteria and can not reflect the organic concentration within the waters;Otherwise the abundance of total bacteria showed significantly positively correlated with CODMn and BOD5.These results demonstrated that total bacteria was a more reliable and acceptable parameter for water quality monitoring than culturable bacteria.


Testicular torsion is the twisting of the spermatic cord with attendant loss of the blood supply to the affected testis. It is a common urological emergency and one of the frequent causes of acute scrotum in adolescents and young adults. Prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention are necessary for testicular salvage. Testicular loss is directly linked to delay in presentation, surgery, and the referral patterns at the point of the first contact with health-care providers. The purpose of our study is to assess the knowledge, management methods, and referral pattern among health care workers in the primary health-care facilities in Auchi primary health-care zone, Nigeria.

This was a cross-sectional carried out among primary health care workers in Auchi primary health-care zone between May and October 2020. A structured self-administered questionnaire was given to all the first contact health care workers in this zone. The knowledge, management, and referral pattern of testicular torsion were determined based on responses to the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results were displayed with frequency distribution tables and charts.

Eighty-seven health care workers met the inclusion criteria and were given questionnaires to fill. The mean age of the respondents was 37.74 ± 7.53 years. The majority of the health workers (n = 66, 75.9%) have more than 5 years' experience with only 12 (13.8%) having a secondary level of education. Most respondents have heard of testicular torsion (n = 77, 88.5%) and know the symptoms (n = 68, 78.2%) but they have a poor knowledge of the age group predominantly affected (n = 36, 41.1%) and testicular survival time following torsion (n= 41, 47.7%). Only about a third (n = 28, 32.2%) had attended to patients with testicular torsion. Of the 28 health workers who had managed patients with testicular torsion, less than half (n = 11, 39.3%) referred almost immediately, while about half treated conservatively (n = 14, 49.9%) keeping the patients under their care for a period of 3–7 days.

This study showed that a comprehensive education of all categories of health workers in the primary health-care centers is needed. This is necessary for the early identification and appropriate surgical intervention or prompt referral of patients with testicular torsion to prevent avoidable testicular losses.


In this paper,the failure form of frame columns underpin system.The stress disciplinarian of the bar in underpin beam and the coupling bar at the interface,and the initial slip and ultimate failure load of underpin system are all obtained via model experiment.The experimental results show that the failure of underpin system is mostly engendered by the slip between the new-to-old concrete interface which is along frame column and underpin beam.When installing coupling bar at the interface between the new-to-old concrete and enlarging the reinforcing bar at the centre and upper position in the underpin beam,it improves not only the punching shear bearing capacity but also the ductility of frame columns underpin system.


The investigation of digital incidents and computer-related crimes has, over the past 18 months, become increasingly complex. Although the majority of digital incidents investigated by law enforcement still comprise child pornography, on-line frauds and other common crimes, two disturbing trends have emerged. First, digital incidents are becoming more complex and, second, they are becoming more expensive to investigate. Attacks such as the recent SQLSlammer worm affect tens of thousands of corporate computer users. Attackers are bouncing attacks off of home computers connected to the Internet by DSL and cable modem. Many of these home computers have no firewall and are left turned on most of the time. Attackers, recognizing the importance of anonymity, use these unprotected PCs to launch and further attacks against corporate targets. The need for a comprehensive incident investigation technique is becoming obvious. This paper discusses one such technique: End-to-End Digital Investigation or "EEDI". EEDI is a very structured approach to conducting complex digital investigations using the investigation framework developed by the Digital Forensics Research Workshop (DFRWS). The EEDI process allows investigators to use a very structured investigation technique that mixes computer technology with traditional investigative methods. In trials during actual investigations as well as in presentations to law enforcement and civilian practitioners EEDI has received a positive response. A primary advantage of EED is its ability to feed a formal modeling program. By using a specialized process language such as the Digital Investigation Process Language (DIPL), investigators can model investigations and compare their models with standardized benchmark models of idealized investigations. EEDI and DIPL are not intended for use in simple digital forensic examinations. Rather, they are most useful in complex investigations where other sophisticated tools such as link analyzers are also in use. In this paper we will describe the underlying background for EEDI, the EEDI process and the top level approach using the DIPL. We begin with some background. 1 . "A Road Map for Digital Forensics Research 2001." Digital Forensics Research Workshop 6 November (2001)


In a mutually beneficial deal, Roche has partnered with Seaside Therapeutics to develop disease-modifying therapies for neurodevelopmental disorders such as Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Roche will exclusively license patents covering the use of mGluR5 (metabotropic glutamate receptor 5) antagonists and will develop and commercialise these compounds, including Seaside's STX107, for FXS and ASD. It has also obtained options to commercialise Seaside's lead GABA-B (gamma-aminobutyric acid type B) agonist STX209 (arbaclofen), which is in Phase III for FXS and Phase IIb for ASD.


This paper presents a systematic approach for estimating fragility curves and damage probability matrices for different structural systems. Both fragility curves and damage probability matrices express the probabilities that a structure will sustain different degrees of damage at given ground motion levels. In contrast to previous approaches, this paper presents a method that is based on nonlinear dynamic analysis of the structure rather than on heuristics or on empirical data. The ground motion level for fragility curves is characterized by spectral acceleration. For damage probability matrices, modified Mercalli intensity is used as the ground motion parameter. The probabilities associated with the different damage states at a specified ground motion level are evaluated using the Monte Carlo-simulation technique. The nonstationary autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model is used for the generation of earthquake time histories. The approach presented in this paper is used to obtain fragility curves and damage probability matrices for reinforced concrete frames. Three different classes of reinforced concrete frames, based on the number of stories, are considered. Park and Ang's damage index is used to identify the different degrees of damage.


Understanding future changes of the terrestrial water cycle and their interaction with human activity, with emphasis on agricultural areas, was selected as one of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Grand Challenges, entitled “Water for the Food Baskets of the World”. Within this framework, the scientific objectives of the “Human Imprint on Land surface Interactions with the Atmosphere over the Iberian Semi-arid Environment” (HILIAISE) are the characterization of evapotranspiration and other key processes of water cycle in semi-arid environments. For this purpose, an international field campaign, scheduled for 2021, has been planned focused on a region with highly contrast surface characteristics (irrigated vs non-irrigated areas), particularly during summer.

An overview and preliminary results of a specific project (WISE-PreP) within HILIAISE is given here. WISE-PreP was designed to study precipitation processes aiming to characterize possible differences in precipitation induced by surface characteristics. For this purpose, planned instrumentation for the campaign includes the deployment of three sites equipped each with a vertical radar Doppler Micro Rain Radar (MRR) and a laser disdrometer (PARSIVEL), covering both irrigated and non-irrigated sites, with three disdrometers (model PARSIVEL-2) and three MRRs (one model MRR-2 and two MRR-PROs). Time series of vertical precipitation profiles will be recorded to study microphysical processes trough the evolution of raindrop size distributions and related variables including precipitation intensity or convective vs stratiform rainfall regimes. Additional observations include raingauge data, C-band Doppler weather radar observations, and satellite products, as well as high resolution deterministic numerical weather prediction model data plus Ensemble Prediction Systems (EPS) model output. Funding for this research was provided by “Analysis of Precipitation Processes in the Eastern Ebro Subbasin” (WISE-PreP, RTI2018-098693-B-C32) and the Water Research Institute (IdRA) of the University of Barcelona.


The global positioning system(GPS) has many merits: high precision,real-time,low-cost etc.But,it is hard for GPS signal to work in urban environment where satellite signal is blocked,and it is necessary to update the Intelligence Transportation System(ITS) based on GPS.Based on the wireless sensor modules,vehicle odometer and GPS,a new ITS is researched.With the data of former three devices,positioning problem without GPS signal is settled,traffic efficiency is improved,operation cost is deduced,and ITS service is reformed.It is indicated from the test results that the system prototype in the paper is easy to be realized,and has good application reference value.


A 16‐month‐old, male, entire beagle presented for suspected relapse of steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis 12 months after diagnosis. Following improvement with immunosuppressive treatment, the dog developed lethargy and right pelvic limb lameness. Neuroanatomical localisation was to the L4–S3 spinal cord segments/associated peripheral nerves. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed peripherally contrast‐enhancing, fluid‐isointense, cavitary lesions within the right and left great adductor, gracilis muscles and right semimembranosus, internal and external obturator, superficial glutaeal and coccygeal muscles. Culture and sensitivity of muscle fine‐needle aspiration revealed Corynebacterium species without antibiotic resistance. Clinical signs resolved on amoxicillin‐clavulanate (25 mg/kg/12 h) and clindamycin (20 mg/kg/12 h), but relapsed after 6 weeks. Addition of marbofloxacin (2 mg/kg/24 h) achieved clinical resolution. After 2 weeks, the dog relapsed and the owner elected euthanasia. Postmortem biopsies of the gracilis and semitendinosus muscles revealed pyogranulomatous polymyositis. Corynebacterium species should be considered a differential diagnosis for pyogranulomatous polymyositis in dogs. Lack of response to appropriate antibiotic treatment in immunosuppressed dogs may carry a poor prognosis.


TH E rapid evolution of aircraft is now at a stage of development where it is profitable to give more attention to certain aerodynamic refinements, heretofore viewed as being impractical or uneconomical. The present line of progress has very nearly reached its limit in meeting the demands for higher top speeds in transport aviation and reduced minimum speeds in sportscraft. The field of aerodynamics offers some interesting possibilities in increasing the overall efficiency of the airplane by improving the characteristics of the airfoil sections used. With this idea in mind, an evaluation of the state of development in the special branch known as boundary layer control, seems timely. The lift and drag characteristics of an airfoil are very sensitive to flow conditions in the thin layer of air nearest the surface of the wing. Within this thin strata of air, known as the boundary layer, the velocity varies from zero at the surface of the profile to a velocity equal to that of the free air stream. The energy in this layer is very important as it is the inability of the lagging boundary layer to move downstream against the pressure gradient of the wing that results in the flow separation or burble associated with the stall. Various methods of energizing the boundary layer will delay this flow separation to much higher values of lift. The most commonly used method of adding this energy has been the use of a slot on the leading edge of the wing. The properties of such an arrangement, however, are well known and will not be discussed in this paper. Attention will, instead, be directed to the promising results obtained by actual sucking or blowing air from slots in the wings. Owing to the difficulties involved in the obtaining of experimental data in this field, progress has been slow. The work of J. Ackeret, A. Betz and Oskar Schrenk, ' 4 conducted at the Aerodynamic Laboratory in Gottingen, has been outstanding. The experimental work of the group has been largely restricted to the use of suction slots in increasing the lift and reducing the drag of thick wing sections. In this country, M. J. Bamber utilized a relatively thin wing with a back1 J. Ackeret, Removing Boundary Layer by Suction, N.A.C.A. Tech. Memo. No. 392, 1927. 2 Oskar Schrenk, Experiments with a Wing Model from which the Boundary Layer is Removed by Suction, N.A.C.A. Tech. Memo. No. 534, 1929. 3 M. J. Bamber, Wind Tunnel Tests on Airfoil Boundary Layer Control Using a Backward-opening Slot, N.A.C.A. Rept. No. 385, 1931. 4 Oskar Schrenk, Experiments with Suction Type Wings, N.A.C.A. Tech. Memo. No. 773, 1935. ward opening slot. Although both suction and pressure were used for the same slot, the form of the slot was such as to favor distinctly the pressure method of control. Considerable difference of opinion still exists as to the ,type of wing section best suited to application of boundary layer control. For that reason, most experimental work includes tests both of thick sections ( 3 0 % thickness) and thin sections, the latter usually with a flap arrangement. From the standpoint of the lift coefficient, the thick section gives slightly higher values for the same expenditure of power, as compared to the thin section with flap. This advantage is further increased by the small manifold duct losses and the more uniform pressure distribution along the length of the wing. This problem may become quite acute in the case of the thin section, especially in a tapered wing. The thick wing has always appealed to the structural man because of the possibilities offered to reduce weight as a result of increased beam depth. In addition, the added storage space is desirable even to the point of completely housing the power plant inside the wing. All these advantages are to a certain degree offset by the large minimum drag of such a section. This drag can be reduced to a value comparable with that of a normal section, but involves a continuous power output in the form of pressure or suction.


The invention provides a piece of equipment and a method for extracting volatile essential oil from natural perfume plants by using the technology of reduced pressure steam distillation extraction. The equipment provided in the invention comprises a steam distillation system and a vacuum system, wherein the steam distillation system is composed of a steam generator, a material retort, a condenser, an oil-water separator and connecting pipelines, and the vacuum system comprises a vacuum unit or a suction pump, a pressure regulator valve, connecting pipelines and the like. The method comprises the following steps that: plant raw materials to be extracted for essential oil in the material retort is controlled to be at a certain temperature and under certain pressure so as to reduce changes of aroma components in perfume plants in the process of extraction as much as possible; extracted volatile components of essential oil is mixed with steam to form mixed steam of water and oil; the mixed steam enters into the condenser for condensation and then enters into the oil-water separator for separation; an oil phase is collected after separation and the oil phase is plant essential oil; the separated water phase is flower water. The essential oil and flower water obtained by the extraction method have pure aroma, suffer little loss for head volatile thereof, and are applicable to the industries of perfumes, essence, cosmetics, daily chemicals, etc.


This article studies the economic value and roles of rural festivals. The authors investigate the festivals of 'Kuruma-ichi' and 'Suishamatsuri' in the Yamane area of Kuji city, Iwate prefecture, Japan. They estimate a travel demand model to infer the value of these festivals for visitors and apply the chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) method to analyse the reasons for visiting. The results indicate that the consumer surplus of these festivals is ¥3,627 (US$45.3) for a tourist per trip. From the CHAID analysis it follows that the annual frequency of visits depends on the opportunity for exchange among tourists and the local residents. It appears that the festivals are important occasions for the gathering of former residents in this depopulated and aged mountainous area.


The differences in the chemical structures of the asphaltene fractions present in a vacuum residue feed and in product oil after mild thermal processing, in the presence of N2 and H2 gases (activation gases), was studied using measurements of molecular weight, elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The asphaltene fractions were separated from the feed and product oil according to standard procedures. The percentage intensities of H and C nuclei in different chemical environments were obtained from 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of these fractions. The numbers of H atoms and C atoms in various building blocks were thus calculated. The average structural data for the feed and product asphaltene molecules were derived. The macrostructure and aromaticity parameters were determined using XRD and compared with the average structural parameters calculated from NMR. The data show that the aromatic ring structures were similar, although it was the aliphatic stru...


Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor. It is difficult to cure and expensive to treat. Generally, diagnosis is made by analyzing MRI images of patients. In the process of clinical diagnosis, the mainstream method is the still time-consuming and laborious manual screening. Modern computer image segmentation technology can realize the automatic processing of the original image of osteosarcoma and assist doctors in diagnosis. However, to achieve a better effect of segmentation, the complexity of the model is relatively high, and the hardware conditions in developing countries are limited, so it is difficult to use it directly. Based on this situation, we propose an osteosarcoma aided segmentation method based on a guided aggregated bilateral network (OSGABN), which improves the segmentation accuracy of the model and greatly reduces the parameter scale, effectively alleviating the above problems. The fast bilateral segmentation network (FaBiNet) is used to segment images. It is a high-precision model with a detail branch that captures low-level information and a lightweight semantic branch that captures high-level semantic context. We used more than 80,000 osteosarcoma MRI images from three hospitals in China for detection, and the results showed that our model can achieve an accuracy of around 0.95 and a params of 2.33 M.


We present an integrated model for a single-manufacturer multi-retailer supply chain scenario where the product fits Poisson distribution. The manufacturer orders the required quantity of raw materials, converts them into finished products to deliver to the retailers. An integrated inventory model determines the lot size, taking into the pattern of ordering quantities required by the retailers. The purpose is to maximize the profit from the whole chain. Finally we try to determine the optimal ordering price for each retailer under profit sharing scheme.


As low-yield and off production wells increase, hydraulic fracturing is an effective measure for yield. The result of evaluating performance properties of low-molecular polymer fracturing fluid shows the system has good compatibleness.The viscosity of jelly glue is 102.5 m Pa·s at 65 ℃ and 170 s-1with shearing time of 1.5 h.Moreover, the gel has high sand-carrying capability,be easy broken and low residue. The result of Qishen 8 well field application shows that the well has put back production.Up to now, the accumulated oil production was more than 1 200 t.


Chair: H K Kaul, Director, DELNET Co-Chair: Narender Kumar, University Librarian, University of Delhi Speakers: Soumen Sarkar, Deputy Director, RRRLF; R K Chadha, Former Additional Secretary, Government of India; P R Goswami, Former Director, CSL; M Ganesh, Librarian in Charge Connemara, Public Library; Ruchi Dhona, Founder, Let's Open a Book, and Babita Gaur, Senior Library and Information Officer/ Deputy Director Administration, Additional Charge of Head of the Department and Member Secretary of Delhi Library Board