A well-defined supply chain is critical to any business. As the service industry grows in importance, so does the need for frameworks, performance measures and strategies for this industry. The level of efficiency and responsiveness that the manufacturing segment has seen due to the growth and study of supply chain management techniques over the last few decades must now be translated to the service industry. This paper explores the relevant literature devoted to frameworks and performance measures for this particular industry and draws comparisons to the existing models built for the goods industry and concludes with the need for future exploration in this area.


In the history of Korean Modern Literature, LEE Sang is known as an obscure author. Many researchers had conducted various studies on his famous work, . In this paper, I tried to clarify the meaning of 'I' going out and returning for five times. 'I', the speaker of lived quietly in the next room of wife relying on her for living. 'I' wondered about the act of some guests giving money to his wife. 'I' went out to the streets at night in order to solve the question. The destinations of 'I' were the streets, Kyungsung(Seoul) Station, and the Mitsukoshi department store. These places symbolize the process of modernization as Korea becomes a Japanese colony. 'I' was not aware of the capitalistic economic system, which is based on money. By the way, 'I' repeated going out and coming home and finally understood the principle of capitalism and the process of modernization in Korea. 'I' recognized the problem about commercialization of sex in the capitalistic system through five times of going out. 'I' gave his wife the money he did not spend when he went out, then he slept in his wife's room. 'I' realized the pleasure of spending money, however, as 'I' repeat going out and coming back, 'I' found out what his wife's job actually was. But the more 'I', her husband, knew about her job, the more she became angry with him. 'I' can be called as a pre-modern intellectual who could not adapt with capitalism, in that he recognized the problem of sexual objectification in capitalist system. 'I' came down from the rooftop of the department store and went into the gray streets and hoped that the lost wings would come out. However, it is predicted that 'I' would be frustrated by the poor reality of workers under capitalism.


Forced response analysis has become commonplace for predicting the vibration amplitude of turbomachinery blading. These analyses are usually limited because they rely on predicting a well defined source of flow distortion, such as blade wakes and shocks etc. However, the sources of excitation of civil fans are not well defined and yet are able to produce high levels of force. The objective of the work described in this paper is to investigate the forced response of a large civil fan assembly using CFD. An unsteady, time accurate, 3D CFD model of the complete low pressure compression system has been used to calculate the modal response of a large civil fan. The mesh consists of the ground plane, intake, fan, OGV, bypass duct and compressor inlet stator, with every aerofoil passage modelled. The analysis tool allows calculation of a time history of modal response for a range of modes simultaneously to provide a description of the overall vibration behaviour. The results of the analyses have been used to investigate the modal contributions to the off-resonant first engine order response at a range of operating conditions to assess the contribution of various geometric features. The response is shown to compare well with measured strain gauge data for both ground and altitude conditions. The response of the majority of resonances was found to be heavily influenced by the presence of the ground plane, which is consistent with the available experimental data.Copyright © 2008 by Rolls-Royce plc.


Preface.- Contributors.- Prologue.- 1. Unlocking the Mysteries of Male Reproductive Function: How Far Have We Come and Where Are We Going?.- 2. Spermatogenesis After the Millennium.- I. Testis Development and Differentiation.- 3. Sry and the Testis: Molecular Pathways of Organogenesis.- 4. MIS Actions in the Developing Testis.- 5. Regulation of the Differentiation of the Undifferentiated Spermatogonia.- 6. Regulation of Growth and Survival in the Mammalian Germline.- II. Paracrine and Endocrine Interactions.- 7. Synthesis, Fate, and Proposed Function of Clusterin (SGP-2) in the Testis.- 8. HRT for the Aging Male: A Therapy That Has Come of Age?.- 9. Androgen Replacement in Young Men.- III. Genetics and Cell Biology of Spermatogenesis.- 10. Developmental Genetics of Spermatogenesis in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.- 11. Regulation of Meiosis and Spermatid Differentiation in Drosophila Primary Spermatocytes.- 12. HSP70 Chaperones in Spermatogenesis.- 13. Characterization of the Testicular Histone-Binding Protein, NASP.- 14. The Actin-Bundling Protein Espin and Its Role in the Ectoplasmic Specialization.- IV. Epididymal Maturation and Fertilization.- 15. Regulation of Epididymal Function by Testicular Factors: The Lumicrine Hypothesis.- 16. Aging Causes Structural and Functional Alterations in the Epididymis.- 17. The Molecular Basis of Sperm-Egg Interactions.- V. Genetic Defects and Remedies.- 18. Heritable Sperm Degeneration in the Domestic Fowl.- 19. The DAZ Gene Family and Germ-Cell Development.- 20. Genetic Defects of Male Infertility and ICSI.- 21. Spermatids: Clinically Useful Gametes?.- 22. Effect of Embryo Culture on Imprinted Gene Expression in the Preimplantation Mouse Embryo.- Author Index.


Fabricated by rapid prototyping based welding parts are composed of welding seams,thus they have some advantages as high intensity,low cost etc.But till now, there are many problems not solved.The deposit trajectory is one of the reasons that affects the precision of parts.The prototyping disfigurements were analyzed and the evaluation guideline for prototyping quality was brought forward.The influence on quality were analyzed under different deposit trajectories using experimentation.According to the experiments result,the good deposit trajectory is selected.


origins of his groundbreaking work to a conversation during a flight to Moscow with Houston Baker, Jr., that caused Peterson to consider the interest African-American theorists have shown in Mikhail Bakhtin and, more broadly, on the impact enslavement and emancipation played in the development of both people's national identity, as evidenced in culture and cultural theory. The book's prologue focuses on W. E. B. DuBois's pivotal concept of "double consciousness," which causes a person to see the world through the eyes—and according to the demands—of a dominant group to which that person does not belong. This idea was elaborated in such works as Alain Locke's The New Negro (1935) and The Signifying Monkey (1988) by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. The authentic voice of soil and soul was submerged, but not forgotten, and its reemergence gave a liveliness and depth to artistic literature in Russia and America. The eight chapters that follow pair key figures from each ethnic group, thus: Petr Chaadaev and Alexander Crummell, Ivan Kireevskii and W. E. B. DuBois, Fedor Dostoevskii and DuBois, Ivan Turgenev and both Charles Chestnutt and Zora Neale Hurston, Dostoevskii and James Weldon Johnson, Maksim Gor'kii and Richard Wright, Prince Nikolai Trubetskoi and Alain Locke, and finally Valentin Rasputin and Gloria Naylor. Scholars of Russian literature may differ with the presentation of Dostoevskii and Rasputin, for example; the interpretations are not so much wrong as clearly tailored to fit a preexisting framework. The epilogue examines the African-American response to Mikhail Bakhtin's work on dialogic thought. Throughout the book, Peterson supplies substantial background material on writers and works to make Up from Bondage accessible and meaningful to readers from both traditions. As a pioneering study, this book deserves high praise, and despite a few stylistic eccentricities, it reads well. There are, however, weaknesses in the argument. Peterson wants the material to demonstrate three things: similarities in historical experience, parallels in cultural theory, and the usefulness of Bakhtin in deepening the discussion of these subjects. This is probably too much to ask of what is essentially an exploratory work. It is, for example, hard to ignore the tremendous differences between the experience and identity of serfs and former serfs in Russia, and that of slaves and ex-slaves in the United States. A more detailed acknowledgment of this fact would have strengthened rather than weakened the analysis. The pairings in each chapter are not entirely convincing, but there is so much interesting material that the reader's interest never flags. The analysis of Bakhtin's thought as it has echoed in African-American cultural theory is a bit too brief to serve as an effective ending to such a serious book. Up from Bondage succeeds as a juxtaposition more than as a comparison, taking us into new territory that is well worth further research.


Objective To study the change of serum interleukin8(IL-8)and interleukin-10(IL-10)level in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods The serum IL-8 and IL-10 were measured in 32 neonatal HIE with before and after treatment as case group and 24 neonatal without HIE as control group.Results Serum IL-8 and IL-10 level in the case group before treatment were high.There was no significant difference between the after-treatment case group and control group.Conclusion IL-8 and IL-10 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of neonatal HIE and be of value in our diagnosis and treatment.


The research problem defined in this article is the identification and the metrification of the macro-economic drivers of bank profitability of the Bulgarian banks. The aim is to establish the relationship between the macroeconomic factors and the indicators measuring bank profitability using an iterative testing methodology of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and the Support Vector Regression (SVR). The relationships between key indicators of bank profitability - ROE and ROA, are analytically modeled as factor-dependent on nine key macroeconomic indicators. The sample size includes quarterly and monthly data for the recovery period of the banking system after its restructuring in 2014. The empirical results of the VECM form two similar models, which are distinguished based on dependent variable ROA and dependent variable ROE. They show the significance of the established results at high degrees of determination and minimal degrees of standard errors of the cointegration vectors. The analysis of bank profitability has been refined using the SVR methodology, but the optimization of the hyperparameters does not confirm high significance. It is concluded that with increasing regulatory requirements for the formation of buffers against macroprudential risks, banks report a relatively neutral dependence in ROA and ROE on the impact of macroeconomic factors, which is logically offset by effective management decisions and innovations in interbank competition.


ABSTRACT – Increased levels of serum myoglobin (S‐myoglobin) were found in 6 investigated patients with hypokaliaemic familial periodic paralysis (hypoKPP) in their habitual condition. Furthermore, in 3 of 6, increased levels of serum creatine kinase (S‐CK) were found. These findings support the hypothesis that hypoKKP is a permanent myopathy, which is aggravated during attacks. It was found that 1 definite carrier had elevated S‐myoglobin and among healthy relative 6/11 had elevated S‐myoglobin and 3/11 elevated S‐CK. The use of S‐Myoglobin and S‐CK for carrier detection is discussed.


This paper describes the acoustic processing in a syntactically guided natural language speech understanding system. A major characteristic of this system is that through the interaction of pragmatic, semantic, and syntactic information, candidate words are proposed to exist at specific points in the acoustic stream. The purpose of the acoustic processor is to verify or reject these hypotheses. This verification is done in two stages. First, digital filtering is done to classify each 10-ms segment as one of ten primitive classes. If the proposed word is consistent with the pattern of primitive classes at the corresponding point in the acoustic stream, further analysis is done using linear predictive coding and other digital filters. The results of this analysis are used to segment the acoustic signal and to further classify the voiced segments. Because this segmentation and classification can be tailored for each word, difficult analysis problems caused by coarticulation between adjacent sounds can be successfully solved. When combined with a sophisticated linguistic processor, these acoustical processing methods yield correct understanding of natural language utterances.


Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes increased morbidity in critically ill children and damage to the kidney affects survival. The incidence of AKI in pediatrics is significant and despite alarming data, therapeutic interventions have failed to effect a meaningful difference in outcomes. In this review, we will discuss prevention of AKI in paediatrics, drug modification, need for risk stratification and staging which would help to recognise at risk children.


We investigated cross‐sectional gender‐specific associations with vision, hearing, and both (dual) impairment with depression and chronic anxiety using a large representative sample of Spanish adults.


Objective : To assess the role of a pharmacist in a community setting and the consumer's perception in the National Capital Region. Setting : The study was conducted in the National Capital Region of India during the year 2003 - 2004. Materials and Methods : Four pharmacies were selected for this study, which were not attached to any hospital or clinic. Seventy-seven consumers, who visited these pharmacies during the study period, were selected for this study and interviewed just after they visited the pharmacy. Results : A total of 77 consumers in the age group of 11 to 72 years were included in the present study, of which 66.2% were males and 33.8% were females. It was observed that 46.7% of the consumers came for prescription medicines and 23.4% for over-the-counter medicines. Close to the general physicians' clinics and proximity to home were the most important reasons given for visiting a particular pharmacy. A majority of the consumers (n = 56, 72.7%) rated the advice given by the pharmacist as very useful, only one (1.3%) rated it as not useful at all and two (2.6%) consumers did not respond. Among the consumer groups 31 (40.3%) thought that the pharmacist had a good balance between health and business matters, 35.7% were of the opinion that the pharmacist was more concerned with making money, while 5.2% supported that the pharmacist was also interested in the health of his / her customers. The pharmacists were ranked at the top by 28 (36.4%) consumers, and favored pharmacy as the most convenient place to get advice about staying healthy. Conclusion : Most of the consumers in the present study were of the opinion that a pharmacist is concerned with the health of the consumers, although he / she was also interested in making money. Many respondents were unaware about the difference between a pharmacist and a doctor, most of them considered the pharmacist to be a doctor and this was the main problem in concluding that the pharmacy was the most convenient and best place for advice about staying healthy.


In this paper, we describe a study of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) based gas sensor, operated in dynamic measurement for identification of gas. The sample space of gas consists of five chemicals. We have used two number of gas sensors (TGS 2610 and TGS 2620 manufactured by Figaro sensors, Japan). The response of the sensors to the volatile organic compounds (VOC's) to the interrogating temperature signals are presented. The result clearly indicates that the chemicals can be distinguished from the features of their shapes and the amplitudes of the response.


This research aims to uncoven and describe: first, the policy of state regulation in order to fulfil the right to religious freedom. Second, the concrete actions of state in taking legal steps against violations of religious freedom. This research utilizes a normative juridical method where data is collected from documents. The outcome of this research concludes that: first, Political Human Rights on the freedom of religion in Indonesia following the new order at the level of fulfilment in the form of legislation is relatively more advance and protective. Second, the strengthening of Political Human Rights at the regulatory level is not followed by changes in the legislation below it such as PNPS Law No.1 of 1965 and Article 156(a) of the Indonesian Criminal Code regarding blasphemy. Therefore, it can be concluded that Political Human Rights in Indonesia, particularly relating to the freedom of religion is a paradox. On one side it supports the products of laws and regulation which further strengthen the rights to the freedom of religion and beliefs, but on the other hand, realistically, the State actually fails to protect various forms of violations of the right to the freedom of religion and beliefs. This research aims to uncoven and describe: first, the policy of state regulation in order to fulfil the right to religious freedom. Second, the concrete actions of state in taking legal steps against violations of religious freedom. This research utilizes a normative juridical method where data is collected from documents. The outcome of this research concludes that : first, Political Human Rights on the freedom of religion in Indonesia following the new order at the level of fulfilment in the form of legislation is relatively more advance and protective. Second, the strengthening of Political Human Rights at the regulatory level is not followed by changes in the legislation below it such as PNPS Law No.1 of 1965 and Article 156(a) of the Indonesian Criminal Code regarding blasphemy. Therefore, it can be concluded that Political Human Rights in Indonesia, particularly relating to the freedom of religion is a paradox. On one side it supports the products of laws and regulation which further strengthen the rights to the freedom of religion and beliefs, but on the other hand, realistically, the State actually fails to protect various forms of violations of the right to the freedom of religion and beliefs. Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE AR-SA /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-parent:"";
 mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin:0in;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:11.0pt;
 font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
 mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
 mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of labor productivity on poverty, economic growth and GDP per capita in West Kalimantan, and to determine the effect of economic growth and GDP per capita on poverty in West Kalimantan. The variables used are poverty level, labor productivity, economic growth and GDP per capita of 14 districts / cities in West Kalimantan from 2008-2017 sourced from the Central Statistics Agency of West Kalimantan. Analysis used by using path analysis. The results show that labor productivity has a negative and significant effect on poverty. Labor productivity partially has a positive and significant effect on economic growth and GDP per capita, while economic growth and GDP per capita have no partial effect on poverty, and a greater direct effect on labor productivity on poverty in West Kalimantan than indirect effects either through economic growth and GDP per capita.


Supplemental calcium application has been reported to alleviate the detrimental effect of NaCl-induced salinity on crop growth. Iso-molar solutions of NaCl and NaCl plus CaCl2 were used to study the osmotic and ionic effects of salinity on leaf dry biomass production and nutraceutical quality of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis DC) growninafloatingsystem. A basicnutrient solution (control;T1)was enrichedwith15 mM of NaCl+ 10mM of CaCl2 (T2), 30 mMof NaCl (T3), 30 mMof NaCl+ 20 mMof CaCl2 (T4), or 60 mM of NaCl (T5). NaCl at 60 mM induced a 52% reduction of total leaf dry biomass compared with the control (T1); the iso-molar solution enriched with 20 mM of CaCl2 (T4) increased the total leaf dry biomass production in comparison with treatment containing NaClat60mM(T5).Moreover,atmoderatesalinity(T2andT3),thepartialreplacementof NaCl with 10 mM of CaCl2 (T2) in treatment containing 30 mM of NaCl did not help to reduce the adverse effect of NaCl on total leaf dry biomass production. Results of leaf mineral analysis demonstrated that the partial replacement of NaCl with CaCl2 reduced the accumulation of sodium and the nutrient imbalance. Nutrient solutions enriched with CaCl2 did not increase the accumulation of the osmoprotectant proline in leaves. Nutraceutical value of cardoon leaves was generally improved by saline treatments compared with the control. The regression analysis between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity showed that total phenols and chlorogenic acid were the major determinants of antioxidant activity in cardoon leaf biomass. In conclusion, the partial replacementofNaClwithCaCl2improvedtheleafdrybiomassproductionofcardoononly at the highest salinity levels with a limited effect on nutraceutical quality of leaves.


Under 248 nm laser flash photolysis, the photodecomposition of 1 ,3,4trimethyl-1-phenyl-1-germacyclopent-3-ene (28) in dry, deoxygenated hexane solution at 23 °C leads to the prompt formation of two transient species: phenylmethylgermylene (29) and its Ge=Ge doubly bonded dimer, 1 ,2-dimethyl1 ,2-diphenyldigemene (30). The formation of 29 proceeds in high chemical yield as shown by the results of steady state trapping experiments with methanol and isoprene. The transient assigned to 29 exhibits Amax = 490 nm and decays with second-order kinetics {'t 2 J.lS). The second transient, which is formed from the latter, is assigned to digermene 30 and exhibits Amax = 420 nm and a lifetime, 't 8 J.lS. The assignments are based on comparisons to the spectra of other simple germylenes, such as dimethyl-, diphenyl and dimesitylgermylene as well as on the pattern of reactivity with trapping reagents in solution at room temperature. Reactions studied include N-H, 0-H and Sn-H insertion reactions, the [1+2] addition to isoprene and t-butylacetylene, and halogen atom abstraction from carbon tetrachloride. Absolute rate constants for quenching of 29 with the above mentioned scavengers were obtained by direct measurement of the germylene decay kinetics, over the concentration range where the formation of the digermene was more than 70% quenched. This ensures that the decay of 29 was dominated by the reaction with the trapping reagent.


Abstract : Since the beginning of the NASA Aircraft Energy Efficiency (ACEE) program in 1976, significant progress has been made in the development of laminar flow technology for commercial transports. Exploitation of new materials, fabrication methods, analysis techniques, and design concepts is providing convincing evidence that practical laminar flow control (LFC) systems for future transports could become a reality. Other ACEE program studies indicate that extensive laminar flow might be achieved on small transports with natural laminar flow (NLF) wings or hybrids of NLF and LFC (i.e., leading-edge suction on an NLF type of wing). This paper presents an overview of these laminar flow technology developments and describes future efforts in a broadened NASA program to explore the potential and evaluate the practicality of different laminar flow concepts for commercial transports.


A method for determining elemental compositions from neutron-induced gamma-ray spectra has been developed. The method consists of calculating the neutron flux by solving the Boltzmann neutron transport equation and then calculating the flux of gamma-ray that escape from the irradiated material per unit mass fraction of a given element. The procedure was utilized to analyze data obtained from a 14-MeV neutron experiment. Relative abundances for the following major elements were obtained: H, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti and Fe. The results agree well with the results of an independent x-ray flourescence determination of material's composition.


Soil salinity severely declines the availability of water and essential minerals to the plants, which hinders growth. The present study evaluates the potential roles of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) for mitigating the adverse effects of soil-salinity in faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Plants were exposed to 150 mM NaCl stress and were sprayed with IAA (1.15 mM) or BA (0.9 mM). Our results revealed that foliar application of IAA or BA improved the growth traits of salinized faba bean due to the increased uptake of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions, accumulation of free amino acids, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase. The principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap clustering indicated that salinity-exposed plants exhibited lower growth and biomass production, which correlated with higher accumulation of Na+ and malondialdehyde. Moreover, electrophoretic patterns of protein showed new bands in IAA- or BA-treated salt-stressed plants, indicating that IAA or BA treatment can reprogram the metabolic processes to confer salinity tolerance. We also found that IAA has a greater capacity to ameliorate the salt stress than BA, although there is no significant difference in yield between these treatments. Finally, these findings can be helpful for a better understanding of IAA- and BA-mediated salt tolerance mechanisms and increasing production of faba bean in saline soils.


The article provides a comparative assessment of data from 131 medical histories and autopsy protocols for those who died from severe mechanical trauma in 2005–2006 in the combined trauma unit of the medical institution "9th City Clinical Hospital" in Minsk with data on 133 case histories and autopsy reports of dead from severe mechanical injury in 2014–2015 in the combined trauma unit of the "City Clinical Emergency Hospital in Minsk". During the study, general patterns and differences in the structure and dynamics of mortality in combined injuries were determined, which allows us to scientifically substantiate organizational measures to improve medical care for severe mechanical injuries in order to improve the results of diagnosis and treatment of victims at an early hospital stage.


Objective To investigate the relationship between Aortic flexibility and severity of coronary heart disease.Methods 108 patients were selected,71 male,37 female,mean age(61.3±12.1)years.All patients underwent coronary angiography.Aortic flexibility was assessed by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV) which was measured using an automated device(form PWV/ABI,Colin Co,Japan).The severity of coronary heart disease was shown as the number of diseased arteries.Results There is no difference between patients with essential hypertension and those without hypertension in severity of coronary heart disease.Compared to patients with PWV≤1400 cm/s,patient with PWV1400 cm/s had higher incidence of 3 disease coronary artery and had lower in normal coronary artery.Age and PWV are correlative to coronary artery lesion.Conclusion PWV is a factor offecting the coronary artery lesion obviously.Detecting PWV can be used to evaluate the function of arterial elasticity,identify the early pathological signs of the arterial wall and forecast the blood vessel events.


Great difficulties confront the first step which selects the intonation segment in the complex noise environment of English test.So the segment goal is selected to find the kernel intonation segment.It consists of two steps:unvoiced-voiced decision based on energy and auto-correlation function,and combination with the force align result of pronunciation net based on phone-level HMM model.The net contains enough a prior information while extending forward and backward is to control the length of segment and to drop weak voiced ones.The new algorithm has been tested by three corpus.The total error rate of intonation assessment declined obviously.


In the present work, Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles were doped with silicon to improve their electrical and optical properties by conventional solid-state reaction method. The results showed that the minimum electrical resistivity of about 0.09 Ωcm was obtained for Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles with 3% Si doping. The decrease in the electrical resistivity can be attributed to the insertion of Si+4 atoms into the Zn+2 and/or Sn+4 sites and also the formation of more oxygen vacancies in the Zn2SnO4 lattice. The formation of the more oxygen vacancy defect states in Si-doped Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles was verified by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell based on 3% Si-doped Zn2SnO4 was significantly better, by about 81%, compared to that of a cell based on the undoped Zn2SnO4. The enhancement in the efficiency can be ascribed to the facilitation of electron transport throughout photoelectrode due to increase in the charge carrier concentration which was caused by Si doping.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


INTRODUCTION
Entering university frequently brings about considerable changes in the students' lifestyle, which often affect negatively their health. Therefore, it seems to be of great importance to promote pro-health habits and attitudes particularly among 1st-year-students and thus, it is necessary to accurately assess their lifestyles and needs in this regard.

AIM
The aim of the study was to assess the habits and attitudes towards healthy lifestyle of 762 first-year female students enrolled at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn so as to detect health risks and ultimately present the need for remedial measures.

METHODS
Female students were randomly selected from all the groups attending obligatory physical education classes. The students filled in an anonymous questionnaire, which contained questions referring to their physical activity, nutrition, tobacco and alcohol use, and stress.

RESULTS
The research demonstrated a worrisome picture of the students' habits and attitudes with regard to health. It showed that the female students took keener interest in daily body care than in proper nutrition and an adequate level of physical activity. What is also alarming is the excessive amount of alcohol they consumed on a regular basis.

CONCLUSIONS
The research findings call for a specially designed pro-health programme to be implemented during the time of the studies in order to raise the female students' awareness of leading a health-conscious lifestyle.


In order to improve the yield of seed production in hybrid wheat,the relationship between glume opening rate and stigma exertion rate and outcrossing rate was studied in 33 wheat thermo-photo sensitive genic male sterile(TPSGMS)lines under natural pollination.The results showed that the average sterile rate of 33 TPSGMS lines was 99.60%,and the total outcrossing rate was 79.74%,and the glume opening rate and stigma exertion rate were 83.40% and 4.85%,respectively.The average outcrossing rate of the florets with glume opening was 86.13%in 33 lines,and the seed sets from florets with glume opening accounted for 80.88% of the total outcrossing seed-setting.The glume opening rate was significantly correlated with the total outcrossing rate(r=0.831 4),which suggested that the glume opening rate is one of the key factors determining the outcrossing rate of wheat TPSGMS lines and the yield of hybrid seed production.The average outcrossing rate of the florets with stigma exertion was 90.23%,and the seed sets of florets with stigma exertion accounted for5.39% of the total outcrossing seed-setting.Stigma exertion rate was positively correlated with the total outcrossing rate,but not at the significant level because of the low average rate of stigma exer-tion for all lines.However,the outcrossing ability of florets with stigma exertion was better than that of glume opening florets in this study.It is expected that breeding wheat TPSGMS lines with higher stigma exertion rate would help to increase the outcrossing rate and the yield of hybrid seed production further.


 Transparency – openness in the processes involved in the making of rates and charges  Accountability – making decisions and acknowledging the effects of those decisions  Simplicity – a rating regime that is simple and cost efficient to administer  Equity – the consistent levying of rates and charges across the region  Flexibility – responding where possible to unforeseen changes in the local economy  Fiscal responsibility – levying an amount sufficient to allow the Council to meet its budgetary responsibilities


Magnesium Oxide (MgO) nanoparticles have been synthesized by solution combustion technique using stoichiometric composition of magnesium nitrate as oxidizer and urea as fuel. Structure of the MgO was studied with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) using Cu-Kα radiation. MgO/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanocomposites have been prepared by blending MgO nanoparticles with the polyvinylpyrrolidone. MgO/PVP nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Frequency dependence of dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) and AC conductivity studies have been undertaken on the MgO/PVP nanocomposites in the frequency range 50Hz-5MHz at room temperature. Dielectric properties such as dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) are found to decrease with the increase in the frequency. Further, AC conductivity of MgO/PVP nanocomposites was found to increase with an increase in the frequency. Observed variation in the a. c. conductivity with the frequency has been understood on the basis of electron hopping model.


This communication challenges the idea that participatory extension methods are required to develop more sustainable forms of agriculture. It is based on a comparison of two case studies presenting how Conservation Agriculture is promoted by a French agribusiness company. In one case a participatory extension scheme is organized when in the second case CA is promoted through technology transfer. The paper explores how do CA practices evolve when developed through participatory and non participatory methods. The main conclusion of the research is that contrasted farming practices are extended under the Conservation Agriculture label and that these farming practices are shaped by the extension methods. Farming practices extended through more participatory extension methods seem to be more sustainable than the others because participation stimulates farmers' learning and adaptability but also in terms of agronomic techniques.


The term "endolymphatic sac tumor" (ELST) was coined to identify the likely origin of aggressive papillary tumors of the temporal bone. To evaluate the validity of this designation, the temporal bone collection at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary was accessed in an effort to determine the pathologic relationship between these tumors and the endolymphatic sac. The search resulted in the identification of a de‐novo papillary epithelial lesion arising within the confines of the endolymphatic sac in a patient with von Hippel‐Lindau (VHL) disease who harbored a large, destructive ELST in the opposite temporal bone. This finding provides the most substantial evidence to date regarding the origin of the ELST and the accuracy of its nomenclature.


Serial determination of serum bile acids (SBA) concentration and its fractionation after feeding were performed in 8 healthy dogs. The mean preprandial SBA was 1.07±0.91μM/l. The mean SBA reached a maximum value of 10.35±7.32μM/l at 6 hour with very rapid risd at 1 hour after feeding. There were no significant differences in any of the mean SBA values during the 1 to 8 hour postprandial period. The mean preprandial triglycerides (TG) concentration was 37.07±13.51mg/dl. The mean TG increased rapidly after feeding and reached a maximum value of 73.53±12.01mg/dl at 2 hour. It would appear that postprandial sample for SBA can be taken at 1 hour after feeding. Unfortunately, none of the peaks was identified in the fractionation study. An unidentified peak with a retention time near 6.4min. increased significantly in the 2 hour sample. A new unidentified peak with a retention time near 9.0min. appeared in the 2 hour sample.


Building a well-off society in an all-round way means China , the largest developing country in the world, make a big step forward towards being wealthy, strong, democratic and civilized. But at the same time, development economy, a science to study the problems concerning economic development in developing countries, is constantly faced with the crisis of disciplines. We need the nativated theory of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the fruitful practice it has brought to put new vitality to the improvement of development economics.


Background Recently, many surgeons have chosen sublobar resection for the curative treatment of lung tumors with ground-glass opacity, which is a hallmark of lepidic lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oncological results of sublobar resection for non-lepidic lung cancer in comparison with lobectomy. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of 328 patients with clinical N0 non-small cell lung cancer sized ≤2 cm who underwent curative surgical resection from January 2009 to December 2014. The patients were classified on the basis of their lesions into non-lepidic and lepidic groups. The survival rates following lobectomy and sublobar resection were compared within each of these 2 groups. Results The non-lepidic group contained a total of 191 patients. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was not significantly different between patients who received sublobar resection or lobectomy in the non-lepidic group (80.1% vs. 79.2%, p=0.822) or in the lepidic group (100% vs. 97.4%, p=0.283). Multivariate analysis indicated that only lymphatic invasion was a significant risk factor for recurrence in the non-lepidic group. Sublobar resection was not a risk factor for recurrence in the non-lepidic group. Conclusion The oncological outcomes of sublobar resection and lobectomy in small-sized non-small cell lung cancer did not significantly differ according to histological type.


Terahertz generation has been achieved from a photoconductive switch based on hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H), gated by a femtosecond laser. The nc-Si:H samples were produced by a hot wire chemical vapour deposition process, a process with low production costs owing to its higher growth rate and manufacturing simplicity. Although promising ultrafast carrier dynamics of nc-Si have been previously demonstrated, this is the first report on THz generation from a nc-Si:H material.


The article win compare the different application that two kinds of coated starch on glazed coated paper.The results explain that the paper's whiteness gloss and hond feeling softness etc will be better when it is painted the coated adhesive of starch phosphate.


Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of diisopropylamine dichloroacetate in Compound Diisopropylamine Dichloroacetate and Sodium Chloride Injection.Methods A C18 column was used with the mobile phase of perchloric acid solution(0.82?1000 mL,add 2 mL of triethylamine and regulate pH to 3.0 with phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile(97:3) at the detection wavelength of 215 nm with the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Results The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.48~1.12 mg/mL.The average recovery was 100.3% with RSD of 0.37%.Conclusion The method is simple and accurate and it can be used for the quality control of Compound Diisopropylamine Dichloroacetate and Sodium Chloride Injection.


Nowadays, the use of inverters is increasing in more and more applications. Environmental awareness is becoming a trend, so more and more people install solar energy systems on their houses, which also require the use of inverters. Higher power levels have led to the emergence of three-level inverters which has opened up new challenges, such as the issue of midpoint voltage balancing. This paper discusses voltage balancing and voltage ripple reduction techniques for three-level inverters with Neutral-Point Clamped (NPC) topology. The balancing is based on injecting zero-sequence voltage component in carrierbased modulation. The viability of the modulation techniques are verified by computer simulation and then tested on hardware.


The extent to which the practices and processes of human resource management (HRM) can be transferred from one country to another has been the subject of considerable debate. This question is of special interest to multinational corporations (MNCs) when they seek to establish HRM processes spanning different cultures and countries (Adler, 1991; Schuler et al., 1993). It is a question that has also aroused considerable interest among those researching HRM practices at MNC subsidiaries (e.g., Beechler and Yang, 1994; Hannon et al., 1995; Rosenzweig and Nohria, 1994). Performance management (PM) is a strategic HRM process that enables the MNC to continuously evaluate and improve individual, subsidiary unit, and corporate performance against clearly defined, preset objectives that are directly linked to company strategy (Dowling et al., 1999). A number of studies have suggested that, provided the design and implementation of PM are appropriate, it has the potential to affect employee attitudes in a way that makes a significant and positive contribution to company performance (Fletcher and Williams, 1997; Nathan et al., 1991; Rheem, 1996; Sparrow and Hiltrop, 1994; Williams, 1991). The expression "performance management" (PM) appeared in the late 1980s and can be regarded as an extension of "performance appraisal" a practice used to evaluate an individual employee's past performance. Today, however, performance appraisal is considered as one of several key elements of PM (Tahvanainen, 1998), the others being the communication of company strategy through individual objective setting, links to training and development planning, and possibly compensation (Mabey and Salaman, 1995). Despite the fact that much of the


The factors affecting oxygen delignification of bamboo EMCC pulp were studied.The results indicated that alkali charge,temperature,time,oxygen pressure and MgSO_4 charge were the affecting factors.The optimal oxygen delignification conditions of bamboo EMCC pulp were NaOH charge of 3%,temperature of 80℃, time of 80min,oxygen pressure of 0.5MPa and MgSO_4 charge of 0.5%.The delignification rate of bamboo EMCC pulp was high without significant loss of pulp viscosity in the conditions.The results also showed that the delignification rate and the reduction rate of viscosity decreased as the Kappa number of bamboo EMCC pulp decreased.It was suitable for bamboo EMCC pulp that the bamboo pulp with lower Kappa number was produced with optimal cooking conditions and followed by oxygen delignification of bamboo EMCC pulp.The EMCC bamboo pulp had higher oxygen delignification selectivity compared with the conventional kraft bamboo pulp.


The measures for effective investment control of construction project include: raise the scientific nature of feasibility study report, compile practical and feasible design task book, strengthen design bidding and quota design, optimize design scheme, compile scientific bidding documents, properly sign construction contracts, strictly control design changes, strengthen investment management of equipment and material, make good analysis on investment and budget, strictly control payment progress and quality, correctly prevent and treat claims, and carefully examine and verify quantities and costs.


Abstract. The increasing number of aging infrastructures has drawn attention among the industry as the results caused by critical infrastructure failure could be destructive. It is essential to monitor the infrastructure assets and provide timely maintenance. However, one of the crucial problems is that the budget allocated to the maintenance stage is much less than that for the designing and construction stages. The cost of labor, equipment, and vehicles are significant. Therefore, it is impossible to perform a thorough inspection by human inspectors over each asset. A more efficient method will be needed to solve this problem. This paper aims to provide an automatic approach to detecting and measuring the dimensions of minor cracks that appear on concrete structures with a noisy background. This research also investigates the relationship between image pixel size, accuracy, detection rate of cracks, and shooting distance of images. The proposed method will be able to reduce the cost and increase accuracy. A case study was performed on a concrete sewer with cracks distributed on the surface in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


In the article we have analyzed specific psycho-pedagogical features of modern education which role not only increases, but also changes in connection with qualitative changes of the modern child; proved methodological positions of the co-being-integrative approach to development of dynamic open educational system in establishment of additional education; opened the potential of co-being educational space in establishment of additional education; considered the educational system as co-being child -adult community.


This study explores the dynamics and statistical patterns of coherent long-lived vortices spontaneously forming in bluff body wakes. The analysis is based on a series of two-dimensional direct numerical simulations performed for a wide range of Reynolds numbers. We demonstrate that the majority of coherent vortices beyond the recirculation zone are well represented by the canonical Lamb–Oseen solution. This observation is used to develop a low-order census of long-lived eddies in terms of their core sizes and vorticity magnitudes. We demonstrate that the increase in the Reynolds number (Re) leads to the systematic reduction in the initial core radii (r0), whereas the core vorticity (ζ0) increases. These dependencies exhibit singular behavior in the inviscid limit (Re → ∞), which is captured by the proposed explicit relations for r0(Re) and ζ0(Re).


We made suspension of fumed silica in polyethylene glycol (PEG), studied rheological behavior as functions of contents of silica, dispersion condition, PEG molecular weight, temperature and contents of humidity. Rheological behavior of suspension was determined critical shear rate and rise of viscosity using rheometer AR2000. Suspension were PEGs of molecular weight 200, 400, and 600. Fumed silica suspensions of which silica contents are 5, 7, 9, 13, and 18% were prepared by normal mixing, homogenization and bead milling process. We observed their rheological behaviors at 10, 20, 30, and 40 . As the PEG molecular weight and contents of silica increase, the critical shear rate was lowered. As the temperature increased, the critical shear rate was increased. Humidity contents of dispersion don't influence on the critical shear rate, but dispersion processes greatly affect the critical shear rate. The critical shear rate of suspensions prepared by the mixing process was the lowest, and that of suspensions prepared by the bead milling process was the highest. The rise in the shear viscosity of suspensions prepared by the mixing process is higher than that of suspensions prepared by the bead milling process. This was dependent on the dispersion condition of silica particle by dispersion process.


Data deduplication, a lossless data compression technique, has been widely deployed in backup systems to save storage space. However, data fragmentation introduced by data deduplication seriously degrades restore performance. To alleviate the fragmentation problem, rewriting algorithms such as CBR, CAP, and HAR have been proposed. In certain backup datasets containing packed files like UNIX tar files, we have observed that a large amount of rewritten fragmented chunks tend to remain fragmented in following backups and thus get rewritten repeatedly in consecutive backups. Such repeatedly rewritten chunks are referred to as persistent fragmented chunks (PFCs), and they severely impact the efficiency of rewriting algorithms and restore performance. In this paper, we propose PFCG, an efficient scheme to enhance the efficiency of rewriting algorithms and restore performance. The central idea of PFCG is to identify and differentiate PFCs from regular fragmented chunks, i.e., non-PFCs, and store these two types of fragmented chunks into separate containers during backups to prevent the proliferation of PFCs in following backups. Our experimental results based on six real-world datasets demonstrate that PFCG significantly improves the restore performance by 21% to 47% over the state-of-the-art rewriting algorithms, without sacrificing deduplication efficiency.


Turbulence data for 5 mm solid, spherical particles falling at terminal velocity through an initially quiescent vertical water channel are obtained using a Scheimpflug stereo-PIV system. The system was successfully implemented into the flow facility and optimized to provide 3-D velocity field information for volume fractions at 2.71% and 5.24%. Vector validation played a significant role in reducing the data to obtain turbulence intensities as a function of particle fall time. The system was shown to be capable of measuring in-plane and out-of-plane displacements (velocities) with an error of less than 0.6%, despite blockage effects by the particles and inherent experimental errors. Since similar data in current literature is sparse, a popular length-scale model is provided in support of the data.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


Abstract 4253 Background: Hypoalbuminemia (HA) is a strong predictor of poor clinical outcomes in many medical conditions. Low serum albumin is recognized as an adverse prognostic factor in patients with neoplastic diseases such as multiple myeloma, melanoma, and colon cancer. Severe hypoalbuminemia ( Methods: Data were collected retrospectively in a cohort of newly diagnosed AML patients who received induction chemotherapy (3+ 7 regimen). The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between serum albumin at baseline and probability for achieving complete remission (CR) or incomplete remission (CRi) and overall survival (OS). All analyses were conducted using SPSS version 19.0. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate median overall survival; chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Log rank test was used to compare Kaplan–Meier survival estimates between two groups and Cox regression for multivariable analysis. Results: Between November 2004 and July 2007, 135 patients who received 3+7 induction chemotherapy at Moffitt Cancer Center were included in this analysis. Patient baseline characteristics were similar between patients with baseline serum albumin The median OS for patients with HA was 221 days (95%CI 149.5–292.5) compared to 421 days (95%CI 236.7–605) with normal serum albumin (p In a multivariable Cox regression analysis including age ≥ 60 years, history of MDS, karyotype, and serum albumin level at baseline; only age, karyotype and serum albumin were independent predictors of OS [Hazard ratio 0.47 (95%CI 0.31–0.71) (p Conclusion: In this cohort of patients with newly diagnosed AML, we demonstrate that hypoalbuminemia Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The performance of the supply chain can be affected by adverse events entering the system and affecting all exchanges of products, services and information between actors in a supply chain network. The management of these events is known as Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) which is defined, in a collaborative way with partners, as a set of tools for dealing with risk and uncertainty caused by, or having an impact on the activities and logistical resources. In this context, it is important to study the influences of these actors to each other, their strategies, their convergences and divergences of objectives and their balance of power to a better risk management. The purpose of this paper is to apply MACTOR (Matrix of Alliances and Conflicts: Tactics, Objectives and Recommendations) method to evaluate the balance of power between supply actors. Then, actors' convergences and divergences towards a number of issues and objectives associated with risk management are analyzed. Therefore, the most suitable risk mitigation strategies for each supply actor are constructed. A real case study in food industry is provided in order to illustrate the application of MACTOR method. The findings are very useful for all supply actors and it may also useful to the practitioners in risk management, since the method used here can be applied in other areas of management as well.


Objective
To evaluate the effect of one-to-one nutritional intervention model under team management in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy.

Methods
A total of 120 patients with early diabetic nephropathy (urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was 30-299 μg/mg) in the Department of Hematoendocrinology of The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2015 to February 2016 were included. All patients received the conventional drug therapy, medical nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, and diabetic education, and were divided into two groups according to the random number table: traditional model group (n=60) and one-to-one nutritional intervention model under team management group (team intervention group, n=60). Patients in team intervention group received one-to-one nutritional intervention according to their actual needs as well as their understanding and were followed up periodically. The dietary status and nutritional indicators, HbA1c, 24 h urinary albumin (UMA), serum albumin, blood glucose, blood lipid of two groups were collected and evaluated before treatment and 3 months after treatment. Chinese diabetes management self-efficacy scale (C-DMSES) was used to evaluate self-managing efficiency of patients.

Results
After intervention for three months, the protein intake was lower, the percentage of high-quality protein was increased, while the vegetable oil and salt intake were lower in team intervention group than those in traditional model group (t=2.54-5.18, all P 0.05). Fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial glucose, HbA1c, 24 hUMA and triglyceride were lower in team intervention group than those in traditional model group (t=1.94-3.74, all P 0.05). C-DMSES was higher in team intervention group than that in traditional model group (t=14.2, P<0.05).

Conclusion
One-to-one nutritional intervention model of team management can significantly improve the dietary intake, clinical indicators, self-managing efficiency of patients with early diabetic nephropathy.

Key words:
Diabetic nephropathy; Medical nutrition therapy; Diabetes education; Microalbuminuria; C-DMSES


The discipline of Language Translation to convert from a source language to a target language has been attempted to be automated for quite some time. Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is a field where a source language is automatically converted to a target language without much human intervention using Deep Learning (DL) techniques. Neural Machine Translation has gained appeal due to its swift and reliable accuracy for automatic language translation. However, due to ambiguous syntax and sentence logic structure, it is not a trivial task that can be solved straightforwardly, making this an extant field of research. Till now, a colossal amount of research and funding has been invested in this field. This paper attempts to translate text from Mauritian Creole Language to English using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) with the Bahdanau Attention mechanism by using transferable knowledge (Transfer Learning) of French to English translation, as French and Mauritian Creole are almost similar in language structure. A model to accomplish the translation has been proposed and validated using appropriate sample data to determine the accuracy of the translation.


Recent research was mainly focused on the OS support for a single reconfigurable chip. This paper presents a general approach to manage fault tolerant distributed reconfigurable hardware. In order to run such a system, three basic tasks must be implemented: (i) rerouting to compensate line errors, (ii) rebinding to compensate node failures, and (iii) hardware reconfiguration to allow the optimization of these systems during runtime. This paper proposes first ideas and solutions of these management functions. Furthermore, a prototype implementation consisting of four fully connected FPGAs is presented.


Increased incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) has been reported among children with bronchiolitis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of UTI among children with RSV bronchiolitis. We retrospectively examined for positive urinary culture, the records of all children The records of 241 children examined (174 bronchiolitis, 26 viral wheeze and 41 respiratory tract infection). Kruskal Wallis chi-square test compared the incidence of positive urine culture among the three groups revealed no significant difference (p=0.455). 64/174 children who were admitted for bronchiolitis, were tested for RSV: 36/64 were found positive. 17/36 were urine cultured and 2/17 (11%) had positive urine culture, while 0% had positive urine culture from non RSV bronchiolitis (p=0.634). UTI was not detected to have higher incidence among children with bronchiolitis. No correlation was found between positive urine culture and RSV bronchiolitis.


Cyclopentadienyl- and phenylethynyl-dimethylthallium have been prrepared from trimethylthallium. On the basis of i.r. and n.m.r. data, these compounds are given dimeric structures, with bridging cyclopentadienyl and phenylethynyl groups. Insertion of sulphur dioxide and carbon disulphide are discussed are discussed. Reactions with hydrogen halides give π-bonded derivatives.


A newly-designed continuous flow photoelectrochemical reactor (CFPR) was applied to the solar photoelectrosynthesis of alcohols from carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolved in aqueous media. Hybrid p-type CuO/Cu2O semiconductor nanorod arrays, prepared by a three-step synthesis method (sol-gel synthesis, thermal anneal, and cathodic electrodeposition) were used as photocathodes. Scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction were used to characterize these hybrid materials at various stages of the preparation protocol as well as before and after being subjected to photoelectrolysis for selected periods of time. The performance of the CFPR with the hybrid photocathode was analyzed in CO2-saturated aqueous bicarbonate solution at −0.3 V vs Ag/AgCl under simulated AM 1.5 solar irradiation for periods up to 5 h. The hybrid photocathode formulation facilitated efficient photoelectron injection to CO2 while its robustness and high photoelectrochemically active surface area enhanced the formation of alcohols. Gas chromatographic analyses of the photoelectrolysis solutions under a flow rate of 5 ml/h revealed ethanol to be the main product followed by isopropanol and methanol. The amounts of alcohol assayed indicated a faradaic efficiency ranging from 75 to 96%. The formation of C-C bonds in the products is a significant finding in this study and a mechanistic hypothesis is presented to account for products such as ethanol instead of methanol as is usually seen. Finally, the CFPR performance was numerically simulated to unravel the influence of flow rate and channel geometry on CO2 conversion and consumption rate. © 2015 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0331508jes] All rights reserved.


In this paper we describe inclusions among the reduc-tive subgroups of Chevalley groups containing a split maxi-mal torus and their normalizers up to conjugacy.


Erica L. Ball examines the way violence in McQueen's film upsets conventional narratives of slavery and presents a discomfiting portrait of black life as subject to persistent threat of terror.


Background The study investigated the effect of intraoperative equisedative doses of dexmedetomidine and propofol on supraclavicular nerve block in patients with ischemic heart disease. Patients and methods Patients with ischemic heart disease, American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) II-III, scheduled for upper-limb orthopedic surgery after an effective ultrasound-guided supraclavicular nerve block were included in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to receive dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg or propofol 0.5 mg/kg as an initial loading dose for 10 min followed by a maintenance dose adjusted intraoperatively to a bispectral index of 70-80. In the postanesthesia care unit, the sedation score was recorded every 10 min until discharge. The degree of pain was evaluated hourly for the first 12 h and at 18 and 24 h postoperatively. Duration of analgesia and need of rescue analgesia were calculated. Results During recovery, hemodynamic variables were significantly high in group P compared with group D (P < 0.001). The duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group D compared with group P (11.81 ± 3.54 vs. 7.18 ± 3.21 h, P < 0.001) and requirement for rescue analgesia was significantly lower in group D (27% compared with 81% in group P, P < 0.001). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine may prove a valuable adjuvant for sedation and analgesia in ischemic heart patients undergoing surgery under regional block.


Abstract : Aircraft-derived rain rates are obtained from the Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) operated on WC-130J in tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) program and the Impact of Typhoons on the Ocean in the Pacific (ITOP) 2010 program. Rain rates from SFMR are compared to rain rates from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (ASMR-E) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellites when the passes occurred within plus-or-minus three hours of the aircraft times. The relative frequency distributions of SFMR-derived rain rates matched the distribution of AMSR-E rain rates over low- to medium rain rates. However, rain rates over 10 mm h-1 occurred more frequently in the satellite-based values. Because of the difference between SFMR and AMSR-E rain rates over medium intensities, the two rain rate distributions are found to be statistically different. Similar differences were found in comparisons between SFMR and the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI)-based rain rates, and in comparisons between TMI and AMSR-E rain rates. Differences between the relative frequencies of rain rates larger than 10 mm h-1 resulted in the conclusion that the distributions of SFMR and TMI frequency distributions and AMSR-E and TMI are statistically different.


A novel approach to wireless tracking of multiple small animals in their natural habitat is outlined. Theoretical analysis determines the tag transmission power and time needed for accurate and frequent localisation. It is demonstrated that super-resolution array based localisation techniques enable the signal-to-noise ratio to be traded with the transmit time in such a way that a sub 1 gram tag could be accurately located at least once per second for one year. The ultra-low power oscillator transmitter, in which a loop antenna is used as the frequency defining inductor, provides both the transmit power and efficiency necessary for localisation at distances of 100 m from the receiver array. Two oscillator topologies - Clapp and Colpitts - are compared in light of the super-resolution algorithm requirements and shown to be suitable, provided the operating point is chosen correctly.


Studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of insect growth regulators for the control of cotton insect pests. Three field trials were carried out and the insect growth regulators including lufenuron (A 7814) and lufenuron plus profenofos (A 9441) were compared with lambda-cyhalothrin. The lufenuron plus profenofos (275 g.a.i./ha) provided yields similar to lambda-cyhalothrin (19.5 g.a.i./ha) in all trials. In one trial the yield was also similar to polytrin-C (660 g.a.i./ha). However, lufenuron alone at 300 g.a.i./ha gave a lower yield than lambda-cyhalothrin in the first two trials. A higher dosage level of400 g.a.i./ha, yielded similar to lambda-cyhalothrin in the third trial. The lufenuron treatment was generally more effective against outbreaks of Spodoptera littoralis than the commonly used pyrethroid (lambda-cyhalothrin) and was also comparatively less harmful to predators. Insect growth regulators could be included in the spray programmes for the management of cotton pests rather than co...


Intake of poultry and fish, as opposed to red meat, is recommended for chronic disease prevention, but to our knowledge, no single prospective study has examined white meat intake and cancer risk across a range of malignancies in men and women. In a U.S. cohort of half‐a‐million people, we investigated poultry, fish, and canned tuna intake in relation to cancer risk at multiple sites. Diet was assessed at baseline (1995–1996); and over a median follow‐up of 9 years we identified 51,419 and 22,999 incident cancer cases in men and women, respectively. Risks were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models across quintiles of intake. In men, poultry intake was associated with statistically significantly reduced risks (10% to 30%) of rectal, liver, bladder, and lung cancer, but increased risk of thyroid cancer. In women, poultry intake was related to a 70% lower risk of laryngeal cancer, but a 3‐fold higher risk of premenopausal breast cancer. Intake of canned tuna was associated with a 20 to 30% elevated risk of pancreatic cancer in men, ovarian cancer in women, and melanoma in both sexes. In the largest prospective study of this topic to‐date, we found little evidence across cancer sites of a protective role for fish intake. Poultry intake was associated with lower risk of rectal, liver, bladder, and lung cancer in men and laryngeal cancer in women, but higher risk of thyroid cancer in men and premenopausal breast cancer in women.


A 4,5-epoxyfuran intermediate has been detected by 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy in the oxidative conversion of 2,4,5-trimethyl-N-phenylfuran-3-carboxamide (the fungicide Methfuroxam) into 3-(N-phenylcarbamoyl)-4-methylhex-3-ene-2,5-dione.


iTasks enables the rapid creation of multi-user web-applications by automatically generating form-based graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for any first-order type. In some situations, however, form-based GUIs are not sufficient or do not even make sense. We introduce a purely compositional library for creating interactive user interface components, based on Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). Not only are all images purely compositional, interaction on them is specified by pure functions. The graphics library is integrated with iTasks in such a way that one can easily switch between the generic form-like GUIs and graphics-based user interfaces. Still, a large part of the library is fully iTasks-agnostic and can therefore be used in other contexts as well. We demonstrate the capabilities of this library by implementing the multi-player Ligretto card game in iTasks. This is an interesting case study because it requires a good answer to the challenges of defining multi-user, distributed applications with appealing graphics.


Latvian State Road Development Strategy for 2020 – 2040 was approved in the year 2020. It is a vision that includes long-term perspectives, strategic goals, tasks and priorities for road network development, and it is created for more efficient planning of state road network development, as well as, attracting additional funding for state owned roads. The aim of the Strategy 2040 is to create an efficient road network ensuring that the bypass of the Riga City is accessible within two hours from every national and regional development centre in Latvia. Development centres would be accessible within 45 minutes from every Latvian urban settlement along state regional and local roads. The strategic task is to create sections of express roads in the total length of 1000 kilometres thus improving traffic safety and reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. When creating the Strategy 2040 both the changes in traffic and road use and the changes in the location of population were studied. The Strategy foresees that high-speed express road sections would connect the Riga City with the biggest cities. The proposed plan of road network development is created with the aim to cover as large a population as possible. Special attention is paid to the Riga City, as it serves as the central hub for Latvian and Baltic transportation. After the implementation of the Strategy 2040, the Riga City would be reached within 30 minutes from the nearest development centres.


OBJECTIVE
The clinical presentation of retroperitoneal schwannoma with neuropathic pain and its subsequent management is presented.

DESIGN AND SETTING
This is a case report of a 67-year-old woman who developed left hip pain radiating into the postero-lateral portion of her left thigh and extending to the knee.

INTERVENTION
The patient underwent a left hip replacement for suspected pain from osteoarthritis of the hip joint.

OUTCOME MEASURE
The location of her pain was unchanged from the initial presentation, and more extensive investigations were carried out.

RESULT
The pain was found to be neuropathic in nature caused by a 54 mm retroperitoneal schwannoma.

CONCLUSION
Our case demonstrates the principle that unless the diagnosis is very clear (based on history, examination and diagnostic local anaesthetic injection, and confirmed by special investigations), surgery should not be considered. Where doubt exists, further assessment and investigation is required.


The Metropolitan Museum's collection of Islamic metalwork has long been known as important in both quality and quantity. A large part of it was acquired in 1891, through the bequest of Edward C. Moore, including fine specimens of metalwork from Iran (Persia), Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt, and Turkey, and several outstanding pieces have been added in recent years. Among these the most important is a bronze ewer richly decorated with silver inlay, formerly in the J. Pierpont Morgan collection. The shape of this ewer, a cylindrical fluted body with a straight, round neck to which a spout is attached, is peculiar to Iranian bronzes and was often copied in pottery. The decoration of the Morgan ewer has many interesting features that reflect not only the artistic tendencies of the Saljuk era in Iran but also the influence of astrology on the decorative repertoire of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. On the twelve flutes of the body are represented the twelve signs of the zodiac within compartments formed by a continuous pattern of knotted interlacings ending in heads of various beasts. The signs of the zodiac are combined with their related planet lords: i. Aries, the Ram, is ridden by the planet Mars, who holds a sword in his right hand and his characteristic attribute-a severed head-in his left.


Paleogene and Neogene faults and fractures on the eastern edge of the Colorado Plateau are present in Mesaverde Group coal and sandstone beds. Recent observations of coal cleat orientation in relation to faults in coal mines have significant impacts for mine planning in the area. Faults, coal cleats, and natural fractures are interpreted to show a structural evolution of the Mesaverde Group through time. This field trip included a visit to two active underground coal mines, the Bowie Resources' Bowie No. 2 Mine, and Mountain Coal's West Elk Mine. Mine geologists discussed structural styles including fault orientations and timing, cleat development, and rotation. Geologic encounters ranging from fault flooding, subsidence, mine fires, methane gas problems, and land use restrictions were also discussed. Coal cleat development and open-mode fractures in adjacent sandstones were observed on outcrops and compared to underground measurements in coal mines in the Somerset Coal Field, Colorado's most productive. Coal cleat orientations along a reverse fault in one mine showed rotation in relation to possible Neogene age displacement.


Sensory processing of environmental stimuli during locomotion is critical for the successful execution of goal-directed behaviors and navigating around obstacles. The outcome of these sensorimotor processes can be challenged by head movements that perturb the sensory coordinate frames directing behaviors. In the case of visually-guided behaviors, visual gaze stabilization results from the integrated activity of the vestibuloocular reflex and motor efference copy originating within circuits driving locomotor behavior. A recent videographic study showed that echolocating bats exhibit inflight head stabilization during a target identification and landing task, though compensatory timing of the bats' sonar signals was not reported. In the present investigation we tested hypotheses that head stabilization is more broadly implemented during epochs of exploratory flight, and is temporally associated with emitted sonar signals, which would optimize acoustic gaze. This was achieved by measuring head and body kinematics with motion sensors secured to the head and body of free-flying Egyptian fruit bats. These devices were integrated with ultrasonic microphones to record the bat's sonar emissions and elucidate their temporal association with periods of head stabilization. Head accelerations in the Earth-vertical axis were asymmetric with respect to wing downbeat and upbeat relative to body accelerations. This indicated that inflight head and body accelerations were uncoupled, outcomes consistent with the implementation of head movements that limit vertical acceleration during wing downbeat. Furthermore, sonar emissions during stable flight occurred most often during wing downbeat and head stabilization, supporting the conclusion that head stabilization behavior optimized sonar gaze and environmental interrogation via echolocation. Summary statement Direct measurements of head and body kinematics from affixed motion sensors revealed head stabilization behaviors during exploratory flights in bats. Most sonar emissions were temporally correlated with this behavior, thereby contributing to the optimization of acoustic gaze.


Objective: to describe the objective structured clinical examination method in the basic life support teaching in the nursing graduation. Method: descriptive study, experience-report type at a University Center. Results: the use of this teaching method occurs with the empowerment of students about basic life support; followed by the assessment planning by professors and the organization of activities in classrooms and laboratories with emergency fictitious simulations. Conclusion: this evaluative method is effective for facilitating the learning, with a dynamic innovation that differentiates the teaching and learning model, and corroborating the formation of critical and reflective nurses. Descriptors: Emergency Nursing; Teaching; Knowledge; Methodology; Problem-Based Learning; Patient Simulation. RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o método do Exame clínico objetivamente estruturado no ensino de Suporte básico de vida na graduação de enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência em um Centro Universitário. Resultados: a utilização deste método de ensino se concretiza com o empoderamento dos estudantes acerca do suporte básico de vida; seguida do planejamento da avaliação pelos docentes e a organização das atividades em salas e laboratórios postas às simulações emergenciais fictícias. Conclusão: esse método avaliativo é efetivo por ser uma ferramenta facilitadora de ensino, de uma dinâmica inovadora que diferencia no modelo de ensino-aprendizagem e corrobora para a formação de um enfermeiro crítico e reflexivo. Descritores: Enfermagem em Emergência; Ensino; Conhecimento; Metodologia; Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas; Simulação de Paciente. RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el método de examen clínico objetivamente estructurado en la enseñanza de soporte vital básico en la graduación en enfermería. Método: estudio descriptivo, de tipo relato de experiencia en un Centro Universitario. Resultados: el uso de este método de enseñanza se realiza con la potenciación de los estudiantes acerca de soporte vital básico; seguido por la planificación de la evaluación por parte de los profesores y la organización de actividades en aulas y laboratorios, con simulaciones de emergencia ficticias. Conclusión: este método de evaluación es efectivo por ser un facilitador del aprendizaje, con una dinámica de innovación que se diferencia del modelo de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y corrobora la formación de enfermeros críticos y reflexivos. Descriptores: Enfermería en Emergencia; Enseñanza; Conocimiento; Metodología; Aprendizaje Basado em Problemas; Simulación de Paciente. Master's Student, Associated Postgraduate Program in Nursing, University of Pernambuco/UPE. Caruaru (PE), Brazil. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-7275; Graduation Student, University Center Tabosa de Almeida ASCES/UNITA. São Joaquim do Monte (PE), Brazil. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6342-4666 CASE REPORT ARTICLE Oliveira DAL, Silva JCB da. Objective structured clinical examination... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 12(4):1185-90, Apr., 2018 1186 ISSN: 1981-8963 https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i4a234580p1185-1190-2018 The Basic Life Support (BLS) can be understood as a set of emergency procedures that can be performed by health professionals or by trained lay people and is justified by both social and economic importance, because it can contribute to reducing comorbidity and morbidity of the population victim of sudden onset, cardiorespiratory and foreign body airway obstruction. Throughout time, this proposal has been improved and worked to ensure greater conditions of success in health care. Teaching these tools in nursing graduation allows complying with the standards set for this care modality, optimizes the comprehensiveness of care, reduces serious consequences and potentiates the positive prognosis for victims. Given the need to teach BLS in Nursing graduation, working traditional approaches to education is of great importance, which should be linked to innovative ways of evaluation, in order to verify better the student's performance and facilitate the training of skilled professionals to act in care practice. Increasing the need for objective and standardized assessments, able to test skills and predict students' performance in the clinical scenario. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) represents a fundamental element in the improvement of the teachinglearning process, since it is a tool for measuring clinical skills with the adoption of standardized procedures. In addition, it rescues the prior knowledge acquired by the student, expanding the learning opportunities in a clinical setting. A professor-evaluator is responsible for observing the attitudes and skills developed by students and marking on an instrument what they have, or have not, performed. At the end of the assessment, the student receives an evaluative feedback, so that he/she can know his/her right and wrong attitudes. Applying the simulation of real clinical cases in academic formation means encompassing a problematizing focus that helps, especially, in the learning construction. Both Problematization as Problem Based Learning (PBL) promote ruptures with the traditional way of teaching and learning, leading the student to learn by doubt, reflexive questioning and constructing his/her own knowledge. These methodologies stimulate participatory management of the protagonists of the experience and reorganization of the relationship between theory and practice, but have different potentials in terms of conception of education. ● To describe the objective structured clinical examination method in the Basic Life Support teaching in the nursing graduation. Qualitative study, descriptive, experiencereport type, on the use of the OSCE method as a guiding instrument for the teaching-learning process of the theoretical framework of Basic Life Support of the Nursing graduation, held at the University Center Tabosa de Almeida (ASCES/UNITA), in the city of Caruaru-PE, during November 2016. This pedagogical methodology of simulation and evaluation was inserted in the curriculum in the same year 2016 by professors of the Higher Education Institution (HEI), applied in classes of the fisrt Module that experiences the Thematic Unit: Prehospital Care in Urgencies and Emergencies. The Nursing course curriculum of the teaching institution is integrated, which enabled the insertion and adequacy of the OSCE method, since the integrated curriculum aims at the formation of critical and reflective professionals, who meet the needs of the health system, in addition to the requirements of the labor market. All grades of course are structured in interdisciplinary modules. In these, activities develop around key concepts, in order to facilitate the achievement of performance essential for the nurse's formation. The submission to the Resrach Ethics Committee was not necessary, because it is an experience report intended to contribute from the experience of implementing the OSCE in the Nursing Course of a University Center. The scenario structured from the organization in classes adapted to the assessment condition. Such spaces had a different scenario, specific to the thematic approach of basic life support, such as primary assessment and cervical control, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, immobilization of the fractured limb and maneuvers of handling and transport of victims of traumatic events. It used materials and instruments necessary for the procedures, such as dummies, manual ventilatory resuscitator, splints, bandages and Individual Protection Equipment (IPE). OBJECTIVE


Using Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy in conjunction with hydrogen adsorption to probe surface layer composition, we observe a reversible place exchange between Ge and Si on Ge-covered Si(001) when the surface is dosed with atomic H at elevated temperatures. First-principles calculations confirm a thermodynamic driving force for this place exchange. To explain the intriguing kinetics of the place exchange, which shows no time dependence, we propose a dimervacancy diffusion-assisted mechanism limited by vacancy interactions. [S0031-9007(98)07429-8]


Lead Polsoning.-Sir Charles Dilke alled the Home Secretary's attention to the increase in the number of cases of lead poisoning in certain months last year. Mr. Ritchie, in his reply, said that in July, August, October, and December, 9goo, the reported cases of plumbism in the china and earthenware industry were in excess of those in the corresponding months of the previous year as 71 to 50, but for the whole year there was a reduction-namely, 200 in I900, and 249 in i899. The Home Secretary said that he had recently submitted a new set of rules to the manufacturers, following in the main the draft issued in August last. The rules were generally acceptable, but a difference had arisen on the proposed " standard of insolubility," which would have to be settled by arbitration, as well as some other points on which the workpeople would be entitled to be heard.


The study is to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of Sage. Sage is an herb native to the Mediterranean, belonging to the Lamiaceae (mint) family along with oregano, lavender, rosemary, thyme and basil. In Ayurveda, sage has been used for its medicinal properties for various indications. flavonoids, phenolic acids, and oxygen-handling enzymes are components of sage, which include mainly superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Assessment of in-vitro anti inflammatory activity was done by inhibition of protein denaturation. The usage of natural products has less side effects and its easily available. Hence, sage being a natural product can be used for its anti-inflammatory property.


The high of infant and toddlers mortality in Indonesia causes decreasing degrees of public health. Highest cause of mortality is the high of morbidity. Morbidity is an important health problem especially for children under 5 years old because in this age the immune is not fully formed. Immunization is an effort to give the immune system towards infant and children to prevent a specific disease as of not be susceptible of infection which will affect the nutritional status. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of immunization on morbidity and nutritional status (BMI/A) in infants in the working area of Puskesmas Polokarto, Sukoharjo. The type of research is an observational descriptive research using cross sectional design. Numbers of samples are 34 toddlers which recruited using simple random sampling. The data collection of immunization and morbidity (days of diarrhea and acute respiratory infection) were obtained by interview using questionnaires, data of nutritional status were obtained by anthropometric measurements. Independent t-test was used to analyze the nutritional status (BMI/A) variable and Mann Whitney was used to analyze the morbidity variable. Result of the bivariate analysis shows that there are no significant immunization effect on days of diarrhea (p=0,062), immunization effect on days of ARI (p=0,289) and immunization effect on nutritional status (p=0,305) in infants with complete and incomplete immunization. The conclusion of this research is there are no significant effect of immunization with morbidity and nutritional status (BMI/A).


Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a refractory disease; however, modern cytotoxic chemotherapeutics can induce tumor regression and extend life. A blood‐based, pharmacogenomic, chemosensitivity assay using gene expression profiling of circulating tumor and invasive cells (CTICs) to predict treatment response was previously developed. The combination regimen of 5‐fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) and gemcitabine/nab‐paclitaxel (G/nab‐P) are established frontline approaches for treating advanced PDAC; however, there are no validated biomarkers for treatment selection. A similar unmet need exists for choosing second‐line therapy.


Zinc is one of the most important trace elements that plays a vital role in many biological processes, and aberrant zinc metabolism has been implicated in lipid-related metabolic diseases. Previously, we showed that zinc antagonizes iron to regulate sterol regulatory element-binding proteins and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SREBP-SCD) pathway in lipid metabolism in model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we further identified another cation diffusion facilitator CDF-1 in addition to SUR-7 in response to zinc to regulate lipid metabolism. Inactivation of SBP-1, the only homolog of SREBPs, leads to increased zinc level but decreased lipid accumulation reversely. However, either cdf-1(n2527) or sur-7(tm6523) mutation could successfully restore the altered fatty acid profile, fat content and zinc level of sbp-1(ep79) mutant. Furthermore, we found that CDF-1/SUR-7 may function bypass SBP-1 to directly affect the conversion activity of SCD in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and lipid accumulation. Collectively, these results consistently support the link between zinc homeostasis and lipid metabolism via SREBP-SCD axis by cation diffusion facilitators CDF-1 and SUR-7.


Free drawings done by patients have been included in developmental and neuropsychological assessment for many decades. Incidentally, the cover of the most influential modern book on neuropsychological assessment (Lezak, 1995) showed two patients drawings of a bicycle. Similar to the clock drawing test (e.g., Saur,Milian,M ller, Eschweiler & Leyhe, 2007), free drawings of bicycles may be analyzed with differing degrees of freedom and taking account of different domains of cognitive functions reflected by the drawings. In cognitively impaired populations, they may expose some of the deficits which compromise patients behavior in the real world, such as visuospatial deficits or dysexecutive symptoms. There have been some attempts at standardizing the scoring of bicycle drawings (Greenberg, Rodrigues & Sesta, 1994). When looking through a collection of drawings, the authors noted a peculiar imbalance between bicycles drawn from right to left vs. left to right. This inspired a systematic analysis of archival material.


The article deals with the interpretation of keywords as indicators of registering intertextual properties in English New Testament texts. The notion of "intertextuality" is represented in terms of three approaches: philosophical-poststructuralist, philological, and genre-textual is considered to be a complex interdisciplinary phenomenon and is characterised as a system-textual and prototypical category, with an emphasis on the typological properties of textuality. It has been proved that in order to register the intertextuality in English New Testament Texts, the notions of "keywords" and "life cycle" as indicators of actualization (active vocabulary) or deactualization (passive vocabulary) of tokens represented in a specific type and kind of discourse were introduced. AntConc corpus manager as an artificial intelligence programme, which is a free and multifunctional tool for statistical research of texts of different languages of various discourses (Dr Laurence Anthony), helped to establish the following most frequent keywords of intertextuality in English New Testament texts: God (1372), Jesus (989), Man (908), Lord (728), Christ (571), Will (555), Son (422), Father (370), Spirit (299), Heaven (256).


The content of selenium lixiviated in tea was studied.2,3 Diaminonaphthalene was used for the fluorometric determination of selenium in tea and boiled water.The results show that the content of selenium in tea is 2.45 μg/g.The content of selenium in boiled water is 0.71 μg/100 mL.The content of selenium in boiled water with a second-time to quartic is 0.10~0.18 μg/100 mL.It concluded tea is with plenty of the natural selenium,to drinking it daily will useful to health.


【Objective】 Analysis was made on the major plantation corrosion resistance and its influencing factors in hilly-gully loess area of west Shanxi to provide the basis for species with the plantation of the construction process.【Method】 Based on the experiments of dispersion of particals in water,soil anti-erodibility of five different plantation lands in Shanxi Zhongyang was studied,and also the relationship between soil anti-erodibility and soil physical and chemical characteristics was discussed.【Result】 1) There is evident difference in anti-erodibility of plantation lands:soil anti-erosion indices are put in order as follows:Leguminosae×Pinaceae×UlmaceaPinaceaeCupressaceaeShrubbery.The soil anti-erodibility indices of upper 20 cm are bigger than those under 20 cm.2)The soil anti-erodibility indices are getting lower and lower as time goes on.The relationship between soil anti-erodibility indices and times is cubic function.3)There is close liner relationship between soil anti-erodibility indices and soil properties.The amount of water-stable aggregates(0.25 mm),soil clay(0.001 mm) and organic matter is significantly related to soil anti-erodibiliy.【Conclusion】 Different plantation soil anti-erodibility is quite different and in order to reduce soil erosion,we should create mixed forest and protect the topsoil.


The Smoluchowski pipe model for diffusion along dislocations is modified so as to allow an exact solution of the two‐dimensional diffusion equation. Using the continuously variable diffusion coefficient: D=D0/r2, where r is the radial coordinate perpendicular to the dislocation, rather than a step function, yields a diffusion profile proportional to: (D0t)−¼ exp[−2z/a(D0t)¼], a=Γ(¼)(2π)−½≃1.45 for large z, where z is the coordinate perpendicular to the surface from which diffusion occurs. Near the surface, where the Smoluchowski theory fails, the penetration is predicted to be anomalously high.A characteristic diffusion coefficient for a grain boundary composed of parallel dislocations was calculated on the present model and found to be inversely proportional to the spacing of the dislocations.


We observe a new regime of coherent XUV radiation generation in noble gases induced by femtosecond pulses at very high intensities. This XUV emission has both a reduced divergence and spectral width as compared to high-order harmonic generation (HHG). It is not emitted at a moderate intensity of the driving pulses where only high-order harmonics are generated. At high driving intensities, the additional XUV comb appears near all harmonic orders and even exceeds the HHG signal on the axis. The peaks are observed in several gases and their frequencies do not depend on the driving intensity or gas pressure. We analyze the divergence, spectral width and spectral shift of this XUV emission. We show that these specific features are well explained by high-order parametric generation (HPG) involving multiphoton absorption and combined emission of an idler THz radiation and an XUV beam with remarkably smooth spatial and spectral characteristics.


A pairwise clustering approach is applied to the analysis of the Dow Jones index companies, in order to identify similar temporal behavior of the traded stock prices. To this end, the chaotic map clustering algorithm is used, where a map is associated to each company and the correlation coefficients of the financial time series to the coupling strengths between maps. The simulation of a chaotic map dynamics gives rise to a natural partition of the data, as companies belonging to the same industrial branch are often grouped together. The identification of clusters of companies of a given stock market index can be exploited in the portfolio optimization strategies. r 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 89.65.Gh; 05.45.Ra; 05.45.Tp


The own-children method of fertility estimation was applied to an approximately 2% census sample of Thailands 34.4 million on April 1 1970. Own-children estimates of fertility levels trends and differentials for Thailand over the 1960 decade based on the 1970 Census appear broadly consistent with other published estimates. Total fertility for Thailand declined slightly from about 6.5 to 6.2 children per woman between 1960 and 1964 and 1965-1969. The North Northeast Central and South regions showed total fertility rates between 6 and 7 children per woman for 1960-1964. By 1965-1969 total fertility had declined by somewhat more than 1/2 a child in the North and Central Regions remained almost the same in the South and increased slightly in the Northeast. For Thailand as a whole rural total fertility declined slightly from about 6.7 in 1960-1964 to about 6.5 in 1965-1969. Urban total fertility fell substantially from about 5 to 4 children by 1965-1969. Rural women with more than a primary education showed a substantial fertility decline but they were too small a proportion of all rural women to have much impact on the overall rural fertility. Fertility declined considerably in all educational strata of urban women.