The aim of this work was to investigate the potential capacity of ethyl carbamate (EC) production and its precursors by two O. oeni and one L. plantarum strains during malolactic fermentation (MLF). It was used simulated wine at different conditions of pH, temperature, and ethanol and L-malic acid concentrations. It is known the good correlation between citrulline production and both EC increase and arginine degradation in model wine and wine inoculated with heterofermentative wine lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Recently, it has been observed that some L. plantarum strains, isolated from wine, were able to degrade arginine. Studied O. oeni strains were able to degrade arginine under studied conditions and to excrete considerable amounts of citrulline, in those cases in that MLF happened. In general, arginine degradation started after the beginning or at the end of L-malic acid degradation. This has oenological importance, since it allows the winemaker to avoid arginine degradation removing cells or inhibiting cell activity after completion of L-malic acid degradation in wine. In these strain a good correlation between citrulline and potential EC has been obtained, determined by heat treatment of the samples, to favour the fast ethanolysis of citrulline. We have observed that conditions that mainly favour EC production during MLF carried out by O. oeni are ethanol concentration, lower wine pH and a greater L-malic acid concentration. However, potential formation of EC is greater to higher wine pHs, condition that favours LAB growth and accelerates its metabolism. In the case of L. plantarum, arginine degradation and citrulline production have been minimum or even null in some of the cases, although potential EC is comparable to the one of the other studied strains.


The authors have noticed some minor discrepancies in the above manuscript about which they wish to notify readers. As part of a sensitivity analysis during the review process, the efficacy end-points were re-analysed, adjusting for baseline maintenance respiratory medication use. The re-analysis led to extremely minor difference in numbers, without in any way altering whether the results were nominally statistically significant or the interpretations of the findings. All relevant areas were updated accordingly prior to publication. However, parts of the abstract and of table 3 were not adjusted.


Actuator one aspect of the present invention, including the stabilization method for drift of the deflection of the micromirror device having an electrostatic actuator, at least two members are at least one electrode under the said micromirror micromirror a is, wherein at least one of the at least two members, but the act of providing an actuator that is formed of a semiconductor material, on said at least one semiconductor element facing to the other member of the actuator, 10


Fund-raising is a key factor in venture capital operation.The venture capital is different from other capital for the special operation of venture capital.Since our capital market is not perfect and some institution arrangement is deficient, such as capital source,investors and the venture investment firms' immature,there is a series of difficulties of fund-raising in venture capital operation,this means that it needs efforts made by both government and venture investment firms to solve the problem.Government should foster venture capital and regulate the laws on the venture capital,establish communal fund.At the same time,venture investment firms should develop to improve its raising capability.


Pollution of the biosphere by heavy metals has caught our attention in finding new ways to sustain, restore and manage the environment. In this context, the study was carried out to assess and determine the cumulative effect of heavy metals on soil microorganisms and seed germination, which ultimately contribute serious threats to the ecosystem. We attempted to isolate stress tolerant bacteria and fungi from the soil amended with varying concentrations of heavy metal salts including silver (Ag), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb). The procedure describes the selection of heavy metal salts, characterization of soil, simulated pollution of soil, isolation, identification, characterization, screening and assessment of heavy metal tolerance by bacteria and fungi. Effects of varying concentrations of heavy metals on the germination of seeds (bioassay) were also taken into consideration. The data suggested that lead and silver were found to be toxic for the growth of microorganisms. The amendment of zinc in the soil up to 50mM concentration facilitated the growth of bacteria and fungi. An overall change in the microbial communities was observed in comparision with the control. Germination of seeds was favoured with increasing concentrations of zinc (50mM), which indicated the essentiality of zinc to plants. More deleterious effects on the germination of Vigna radiata (mung beans) were observed in case of silver, while moderate toxicity was observed in case of lead. Silver was found to be extremely toxic since the minimum concentration (10mM) resulted in the complete inhibition of seed germination. The seed germination in the presence of 10 and 25 mM concentration of silver was delayed for a period of 10 days but subsequent exposure to same concentration for 15 days resulted in the germination of seeds.


In recent years DNA evidence are used to convict the thieves. Same technique is used by Dennis, Sue and Jayson Culton to nab the stock thieves as they were able to provide DNA samples of their cattle.


The Koebe-Andreev-Thurston circle packing theorem, as well as its generalization to circle patterns due to Bobenko and Springborn, holds for Euclidean and hyperbolic metrics possibly with conical singularities, but fails for spherical metrics because of the non-uniqueness coming from M\"obius transformations. In this paper, we show that a unique existence result for circle pattern with spherical conical metric holds if one prescribes the geodesic total curvature of each circle instead of the cone angles.


The process of progress and development of communication has begun over the centuries and through various phases of development over time according to the passage of time. Various methods have been developed to facilitate communication activities. The excitement and fun of communicating activities takes place as if there is no time limit. Communication is an important aspect to meet the needs of daily life. There are no terms rest, pause or 'sleep' for communication.


We live in a new reality of aid. Rich countries delivered $3.2 trillion of aid to poor countries between 1960 and 2008, and aid is a $200 billion industry today. Despite disputes and upheavals, the core of the aid architecture—the set of rules governing aid flows—has changed little over the past few decades. Now the new dynamics of aid may be too strong to resist fundamental change. Delivering Aid Differently (Fengler and Kharas 2010) was written at a time when the future of foreign aid is being fiercely debated. On one hand, aid experts (including Peter Singer [2009] and Jeffrey Sachs) support a huge increase in the size of foreign aid budgets, faulting a lack of donor generosity for the continued existence of severe poverty. Their message: aid works; we just don't do enough of it. In scathing critiques of aid, on the other hand, William Easterly (2006) and Dambisa Moyo (2009) argue that by detaching recipient governments from accountability to their citizens, aid has retarded the progress of poor countries. Between these camps, aid practitioners argue that foreign aid works well when it is done right. The key is to learn lessons to improve aid effectiveness. What should we believe when there is such disagreement among experts? If development aid is really so ineffectual, why has it increased so rapidly over the last decade? Why have so many new countries, individuals, celebrities, foundations, and other groups joined in giving aid? Although all sides have some good arguments, we believe that the developments of the last decade have radically reshaped the aid environment and that traditional arguments no longer hold. Today, the main paradox of aid is that despite increasing flows and more players, aid has declined in relative importance in most countries. This new aid environment is characterized by three important shifts that have emerged in the last decade: 1. Strong growth in many developing countries has redefined the role of aid. Several countries (notably in East Asia) have fulfilled the dream of development aid—to make it nearly obsolete. For many years, foreign direct investment has exceeded aid by a wide margin. Developing countries' demand for aid is now increasingly differentiated. Gone is the "third world" as a homogenous block of poor countries in the South. Even in Africa, many countries have been growing fast since 2000. 2. The donor landscape has changed fundamentally over the last decade, a trend that will likely accelerate in the coming years. New private players—international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), foundations, and corporations—are responsible for an ever-larger share The global aid environment has changed profoundly over the last decade. New official and nonstate players have emerged as prominent actors, new challenges like climate change and stabilizing fragile states have arisen, and new approaches to providing aid are being tried. This note summarizes findings presented in the authors' 2010 publication, Delivering Aid Differently—Lessons from the Field.1 P ub lic D is cl os ur e A ut ho riz ed


On August 20, 1996, balloon-borne X-ray detectors observed an intense X-ray event as part of a French balloon campaign near Kiruna, Sweden, at 1532 UT (1835 magnetic local time), on an L shell of 5.8. The energy spectrum of this event shows the presence of X rays with energies > 1 MeV, which are best accounted for by atmospheric bremsstrahlung from monoenergetic ∼1.7 MeV precipitating electrons. Ultraviolet images from the Polar satellite and energetic particle data from the Los Alamos geosynchronous satellites show the onset of a small magnetospheric substorm 24 min before the start of the relativistic electron precipitation event. Since the balloon was south of the auroral oval and there was no associated increase in relativistic electron flux at geosynchronous altitude, the event is interpreted as the result of selective precipitation of ambient relativistic electrons from the radiation belts. Pitch angle scattering caused by resonance with electromagnetic ion cyclotron mode waves is the most likely mechanism for selective precipitation of MeV electrons. A model is presented in which wave growth is driven by temperature anisotropies in the drifting substorm-injected proton population. The model predicts that this wave growth and resonance with ∼1.7 MeV electrons will occur preferentially in regions of density >10 cm−3, such as inside the duskside plasmapause bulge or detached plasma regions. The model predictions are consistent with the location of the balloon, the observed energies, and the timing with respect to the substorm energetic particle injection.


Graduate practice was an important part of practical teaching.The problems of graduate practice of bioengineering major were introduced.Several opinions on improving the quality of graduate practice were suggested of optimizing course system,erecting the base of graduate practice,paying attention to practice mobilization,enhancing the teaching design of graduate practice and the construction of the graduate practice guidance teachers.


This study investigated the effectiveness of a 10-weeklong intervention resistance and aerobic exercise program called "Raku-Raku Genki Undou" with regard to morph physical fitness, ultrasound bone measurement, ADL score and lifestyle on 56 women in their sixties living in four towns of Kimotsuki County, Kagoshima Prefecture. They participated in a low-intensity resistance and aerobic exercise program as well as a stretching and physical activity game once a week. They were also instructed to practice a basic resistance training program, walking and stretching more than once a week at home. The participants showed significant increases in grip strength(15.6%), knee-extension strength(11.2%), and ultrasonic bone value(2.2%). They also showed improvement in ADL abilities and in their life style. The results of this study indicated the effectiveness of this program for older adults in their sixties.


A new anionic dinuclear ruthenium complex bearing 1, 2-his(diphenylphosphinomethyl)benzene (BDPX) [NH2Et2][{RuCl (BDPX)}2(μ-Cl)3] (1) was synthesized and its structure was determined by an X-ray crystallo-graphic analysis. This result indicated that complex 1 consisted of an anion dinuclear BDPX-Ru and a cationic di-ethylammonium. The crystal belonged to monoclinic system, C2/c space group with a=3.3552(7) nm, b= 1.8448(4) nm, c=2.4265(5) nm, β= 101.89(3)° and Z=8. The catalytic hydrogenation activities and selectivities of complex 1 for cinnamaldehyde were investigated.


According to international convention, physician aid-in-dying includes euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, both of which are voluntarily requested forms of medicalized killings. In the former, a physician injects the patient with lethal drugs, whereas in the latter, the patient self-administers such drugs. The two practices differ fundamentally from non-treatment decisions and from the last-resort treatment, palliative sedation, and details of the differences are outlined in the chapter. Physician aid-in-dying differs considerably in appearance, depending on which normative ethical theory is taken as the point of departure and how various theories can be used either to reject or to defend physician aid-in-dying. The chapter also discusses alternative ways for palliative care physicians to relate to physician aid-in-dying.


AIM To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the concentration of clobetasol propionate and miconazole nitrate in clobetasol propionate,miconazole nitrate,neomycin sulfate and urea cream.METHODS A Diamonsil C_(18) column was used,with the mobile phase of methanol - 0.1%ammonium acetate solution(90:10, V/ V).The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1).The detection wavelength was 240 nm.The internal standard was benzyl benzoate. RESULTS The linear range of clobetasol propionate and miconazole nitrate were 7.5- 12.5 mg·L~(-1) and 300- 500 mg·L~(-1),respectively(r = 0.999 9).The method recovery was more than 98%.The RSDs of intra-day and interday were less than 1.5%.CONCLUSION This method is accurate,sensitive and can avoid the interference.It can be employed for the determination of the concentration of clobetasol propionate and miconazole nitrate in clobetasol propionate, miconazole nitrate,neomycin sulfate and urea cream.


The extraction process of total flavones from puerariae by microwave-assisted extraction is studied.Based on single factor test,Box-Behnken Design is applied to research the effects of microwave power,extraction time and liquid-solid ratio on the extraction rate of total flavones.Quadratic regression model equation between the extraction rate of total flavones and the factors are established,and the regression model is significant.The optimal extraction conditions are then determined as follows: 80% ethanol as solvent,the microwave power at 417 W,the extraction time at 10 min and the liquid-solid ratio at 40∶1mL·g-1.In this case,the extraction rate of total flavones from puerariae sample reaches to 4.923 mg·g-1.


Interleukin‐12 (IL‐12, p70) a heterodimeric cytokine of p40 and p35 subunits, important for Th1‐type immune responses, has been attributed a prominent role in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Recently, the related heterodimeric cytokine, IL‐23, composed of the same p40 subunit as IL‐12 and a unique p19 subunit, was shown to be involved in Th1 responses and EAE. We investigated whether astrocytes and microglia, CNS cells with antigen‐presenting cell (APC) function can present antigen to myelin basic protein (MBP)‐reactive T cells, and whether this presentation is blocked with antibodies against IL‐12/IL‐23p40. Interferon (IFN)‐γ‐treated APC induced proliferation of MBP‐reactive T cells. Anti‐IL‐12/IL‐23p40 antibodies blocked this proliferation. These results support and extend our previous observation that astrocytes and microglia produce IL‐12/IL‐23p40. Moreover, we show that stimulated astrocytes and microglia produce biologically active IL‐12p70. Because IL‐12 and IL‐23 share p40, we wanted to determine whether astrocytes also express IL‐12p35 and IL‐23p19, as microglia were already shown to express them. Astrocytes expressed IL‐12p35 mRNA constitutively, and IL‐23 p19 after stimulation. Thus, astrocytes, under inflammatory conditions, express all subunits of IL‐12/IL‐23. Their ability to present antigen to encephalitogenic T cells can be blocked by neutralizing anti‐IL‐12/IL‐23p40 antibodies.


By means of numerical simulation, we study the scattering of p-polarized light from, and its transmission through, a thin, free-standing, metal film. The illuminated face of the film is a one-dimensional, randomly rough surface, whose generators are perpendicular to the plane of incidence; the back surface is planar. The random roughness of the illuminated surface is characterized by a West-O'Donnell power spectrum that is nonzero in only a narrow range of wave numbers kmin less than k less than kmax that includes the wave numbers q1((omega) ) and q2((omega) ) of the surface plasmon polaritons supported by the film at the frequency (omega) of the incident light. The existence of two surface electromagnetic waves leads to the appearance of two satellite peaks in the angular dependence of the intensity of the incoherent component of the light scattered from the film at scattering angles (theta) s given by sin (theta) s equals - sin (theta) i plus or minus (c/(omega) )[q1((omega) ) - q2((Omega) )], where (theta) i is the angle of incidence of the light, in addition to the enhanced backscattering peak in the retroreflection direction (theta) s equals -(theta) i. At the same time satellite peaks occur in the angular dependence of the intensity of the light transmitted incoherently through the film at angles of transmission (theta) t given by sin(theta) t equals - sin (theta) i plus or minus (c/(omega) )[q1((omega) ) - q2((omega) )], in addition to the enhanced transmission peak in the antispecular direction (theta) t equals -(theta) i. These results are compared with those for a metal film whose rough surface is characterized by a Gaussian power spectrum yielding the same rms height and rms slope as the West-O'Donnell power spectrum.


Child abuse pediatrics was approved as a new specialty by the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) and the American Board of Medical Specialties in 2006. During the process of developing and applying for recognition as a new subspecialty, child abuse pediatricians were cognizant of the need to support


Image classification and object recognition with neural networks could have applications in aesthetically-focused branches of the humanities, such as landscape architecture. However, such methods require either the assembly of a massive, domain specific labeled data set or use of network weights initialized on another data set, a technique known as transfer learning. Transfer learning research has established that a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) can achieve high accuracy on new image recognition tasks with relatively few training images. In practice, pre-trained tends to mean pre-trained on ImageNet, the standard dataset for computer vision research. Experiments have shown that the dataset on which a pre-trained model was originally optimized can quantitatively bias it. The goal of this project was to design an experiment to qualitatively analyze how the dataset used to initialize a pre-trained classification system affects its behavior at progressive network layers using feature visualization strategies. We initialized two ResNet-18 CNNs with weights pre-trained on ImageNet and the Places365 dataset, respectively, and fine-tuned them for a new classification task on a landscape image dataset which we collected. Using class activation optimization methods taken from the deep visualization literature, we compared the network filters at several hidden layers and the final output layers. The class activation optimization results show that even at early stages in the networks, their neurons exhibit notably different behavior. Accordingly, we show both that feature visualization techniques can be used to qualitatively study the effect of original training data on transfer learning and, consequently, that the homogeneous use of ImageNet in computer vision experiments may have notable implications for model behavior.


The use of illegal drugs, especially cocaine, is a common practice nowadays in urban zones around the world. The study of damaging effects of cocaine has been focused in the nervous and cardiovascular system, especially in its myocardial effects. The renal complications related to the use of cocaine have received poor attention, despite of existence of several mechanisms, besides secondary arterial hypertension, through which acute renal failure can be produced, or complicate a case of preexisting chronic renal failure. The objective of this review is to show, from a pathophysiologic point of view, that the use of cocaine plays an important role in the development of a nephropathy.


The Mediterranean environment alters the ecophysiology of plants, especially during summer as a consequence of the combined effects of high light, high air temperature, high vapour pressure deficit and low rainfall. The high evapotranspirative demand which characterises the Mediterranean climate has, in the past affected land use with farmers tending to choose drought-tolerant species, such as olives, almond ecc (Dichio et al., 2006). In recent years, major investments have been made in agriculture that have lead to a 25% increase in the area of the Earth's surface under irrigated crops. However, despite these investments, an increasing number of countries in arid and semi-arid regions face severe water shortages because of reduced annual rainfall (Mutke et al., 2005; Cislaghi et al., 2005) and because their existing water resources are already fully or over exploited. The availability of water (agriculture, industry and domestic) in several countries of the Mediterranean basin is well below the level associated with the achievement of a modern standard of living (1,000 m3 per capita per year) (Rana and Katerji, 2000). Prospects for the future suggest increasing difficulty will be experienced in this area (Smith, 2000). They also indicate that dependency on water for future development has now become critical. For agriculture this has triggered many studies on drought mitigation measures as applied to large-scale networks (Rossi et al., 2005).


INTRODUCTION: The socioeconomic status (SES) of the family has a direct effect on children's media habits and exposure hours to media which could be a factor for development of behavior and anxiety problems among children. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SES on children's behavior management problems (BMP)/dental anxiety (DA) during dental treatment and their exposure to media in Alexandria, Egypt. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 95 patients with age range from 5 to 8 years with simple carious primary molars enrolled in the study.Socioeconomic status was assessed using Fahmy and Elsherbini Scale and media habits were assessed by a questionnaire answered by the mother or the father during the first visit of each patient. After one week, dental procedure was done and behavior management problems/ dental anxiety were scored using Frankl Rating Scale and Clinical Anxiety Rating Scale respectively. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant relation between socioeconomic status, BMP/DA and exposure to media. However, BMP/DA was the highest at very low level, violent media exposure was the highest at middle level, exposure hours to media was the highest at both high and middle levels and finally, introduction to media exposure began at very young age range in high social level while it was at older age range in the very low social level in Alexandria, Egypt. CONCLUSION: Behavior management problems and DA were more associated with very low social level while total exposure hours to media was more associated with high and middle social levels in Egypt. However, there was no statistically significant relation between socioeconomic status, children's BMP/DA and their exposure to media.


Credit: THE KOBAL COLLECTION

FURTHER INFORMATION

The courses being offered are via the University of Otago, New Zealand: www.otago.ac.nz/aviation_medicine/ Contact: Dr Rob Griffiths, academic coordinator (email@example.com)

Anyone currently working or wanting to work in aviation medicine. This includes those wanting to join airline medical departments, doing pilot medicals and aeromedical retrievals. It is open even to those not wanting to do the full diploma but wanting courses in certain subjects such as aeromedical emergencies. Papers in occupational medicine are also offered.

For three main reasons. Firstly, to gain knowledge to impart to my travelling patients who all seemed to …


Introduction was made to the application of the current hedge method in the reliable interruption of direct current(DC) circuit breakers, and analysis was made to the operating principle of the current hedge method and the technical problems in the test process. Through the co-use of the thyristor devices with high parameters, saturated reactors and synchronous operating mechanism, the reliable and accurate interruption of DC circuit breakers were achieved. The result shows that the key point is how to accurately seize the hedge point of two circuits in the interruption process by controlling the synchronous operating mechanism and trigger thyristor devices. The current hedge method takes full advantage of the thyristor devices, ensuring the accuracy of the whole interruption process. The di/dt of hedge current at current zero and the rising amplitude of peak reverse voltage have been suppressed effectively by saturated reactors, and the thyristor devices have also been protected. The whole circuit costs economically and largely make up for the shortcomings of the traditional methods.


CONTEXT
Tumour induced osteomalacia (TIO) due to FGF23 overexpression is becoming recognized in patients with malignancy. The condition may be underdiagnosed, with a scarce medical literature.

OBJECTIVE
To perform a meta-analysis of case reports to allow a better understanding of malignant TIO and its clinical implications.

METHODS
Full-texts were selected according to strict inclusion criteria. All case reports were included where patients had hypophosphatemia, malignant TIO, and FGF23 blood levels. 32/275 eligible studies (n = 34 patients) met inclusion criteria. A list of desired data was extracted and graded for methodological quality.

RESULTS
Prostate adenocarcinoma (n = 9) were the most tumours reported. 25/34 patients had a metastatic disease and a poor clinical outcome was reported for 15/28 patients. The median levels of blood phosphate and C-terminal FGF23 (cFGF23) were 0.40 mmol/L and 788.5 RU/mL respectively. For most of patients, blood PTH was elevated or within range, and calcitriol levels were inappropriately low or normal. Alkaline phosphatase concentrations were increased for 20/22 patients. The cFGF23 values were significantly higher for patients with a poor clinical outcome when compared to other patients (1685 vs 357.5 RU/mL). In case of prostate cancer, cFGF23 levels were significantly lower (429.4 RU/mL) than for other malignancies (1007.5 RU/mL).

CONCLUSION
We report for the first time a detailed description of the clinical and biological characteristics of malignant TIO. In this context, FGF23 blood measurement would be of value for the diagnostic work-up, prognostication and follow-up of patients.


The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied as a method of discrimination of mineralized systems hosted in the Mineral Province of Carajas and Araguaia Mobile Belt (southeast border of the Amazon Craton). In order to do so, we used regional geological, geochemical, as well as aerogeophysics datasets. The statistical analysis resulted in nineteen variables: nine geochemical (Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Zn), nine geophysics (K anomalous, eU anomalous, eTh, ASA, Dz, Dx, Dy, TILT, Euler), and one variable that is a product of the quantitative interpretation of geophysical data (Density of Structures). This set of variables aimed at discriminating the possible geological processes, generating six mineralizing systems, namely: hydrothermal-magmatic, marine sedimentary, metamorphic, endomagmatic, supergenic, and undefined (e.g., Serra Pelada deposit).
The multivariate statistical analysis returned nineteen significant principal components (PC), of which eight were selected and accounted for ca. 75% of the total variance of the database in a range of variance from 3.378 (PC1) to 1.013 (PC8). The principal components PC1, PC3, and PC5 were selected for had better identify patterns and trends in the data, because the greater gradient of variance. The PC1 is the principal component with greater variance (ca. 3.38) it differentiates the geological processes related to lateritic mineralization (e.g., Nickel Lateritic), Lake Superior-type BIF, and orogenic gold deposits from all other mineralizing systems that occur in the Mineral Province of Carajas. The PC3 with 2.3 of variance forms three clusters, and differentiates between the main mineral deposit models of the hydrothermal-magmatic system with strong structural controls (e.g., IOCG deposits), and the Nickel Lateritic deposits from Carajas Mineral Province from Araguaia Mobile Belt. The 1.15 variance PC5 separates mineralizing systems with different structural orientations (EW, NW-SE and NE-SW) related to horizontal magnetic derivatives (Dx, Dy) and ASA from Carajas Mineral Province from N-S oriented structures related to vertical magnetic derivative (Dz) and Depth variables. Finally, Au-(PGE) Serra Pelada deposit has a higher linear and spatial correlation with the oxidized intrusion-related, IOCG and Hydrothermal Ni metallogenetic models.


Briefly introduce the knowledge management and knowledge management in university libraries.Taking Peking University Library as an example,analyze the implementation mode of knowledge management in China' s university libraries,point out the defects and put forward some related measures.


"Cancers caused by work have become one of the main legislative battlegrounds in the European Union. The current revision of the directive can already be seen as a victory for the trade unions, in an overall unfavourable context. But how far will the revision go?"


On the basis of the osculating waverider and intern al waverider inlet, a new integration concept for the hypersonic forebody and inlet called dual w averider design is presented in this paper. And a new internal convergent flowfield is proposed and n amed ICFC flowfield afterward. Inviscid calculation results show that ICFC flowfield could receive a conical impinging shock at the entrance and generate a relatively uniform outflow for its d ownstream component. The key point of the dual waverider concept is to organize an internal/planar /external shock wave, which could be accepted for both the internal and external flows. When ICFC flowfield's strength of initial shock matches with the outer planar and external ones, such kind of combin ed internal/planar/external shock wave can be produced. With a sample shock wave structure in this category, a dual waverider system is traced out and will be validated in the next stage.


In many medical studies, the outcome of interest may be the time from a starting point to a predefined specific event. A key feature of these data is that the complete event times may not be completely known for some subjects. When this occurs, the survival times are said to be censored. When observations are right censored, all that is known for such individuals is that their event time is greater than some given value. Analysis of variance has been one of the most powerful statistical tools for comparing mean continuous response across multiple groups. Use of classical ANOVA in time-to-event data is problematic because of the right censored nature of survival times.
In this dissertation, we propose a weighted analysis of variance approach to comparing mean continuous response between groups when the outcome is subject to right censoring. The method weights each observation by the inverse of the probability of being censored. We show that classical ANOVA methods such as decomposition of sums of squares and tests of contrasts follow in the weighted ANOVA setting. Simulation results show that the weighted ANOVA could be a comparable alternative to other methods of analyzing survival data. We apply our methods to a dataset from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group and another from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.
Length-Biased sampling is statistical artifact that occurs in survival analysis when the probability of an observation being included in the sample is proportional to a particular characteristic of that observation. When the length-biased data is subject to right censoring, the inference is biased if these key features of the data are not accounted for in the analysis.
In this dissertation, we propose an estimating equation approach to eliminate the bias introduced by censoring and the unequal probability of inclusion using inverse weighting. Simulation results show that the estimator is a simple and effective method of analyzing these types of survival data. We apply our methods to the Channing House data.
The mean survival time is often used as a measure of effectiveness in screening and other public health programs. When the data are right censored and/or length-biased, the mean survival time is a biased estimator of the population mean. This work is of important public health significance because it provides an effective method of comparing health populations using the mean survival time as the measure of effectiveness.


– In this paper, we concentrate on object-related analysis in the field of general ontology of reality as related to software engineering (e.g., UML classes). Such a venture is similar to many studies in which researchers have enhanced modeling through ontological analysis of the underlying paradigm of UML models. We attempt to develop a conceptual model that consists of a foundation of things that is supplemented with a second level of designated objects . According to some researchers, the problem of the difference between things and objects is one of the most decisive issues for the conception of reality. In software engineering, objects serve two purposes: they promote understanding of the real world and provide a practical basis for computer implementation. The notion of object plays a central role in the object-oriented approach, in which other notions are viewed by decomposing them into objects and their relationships. This paper contributes to the establishment of a broader understanding of the notion of object in conceptual modeling based on things that are simultaneously machines . In this study, we explored the underlying hypothesis of conceptual models (e.g., UML) to enhance their ontological analysis by using the thing/machine (TM) model, which presents the domain (the subject of description) as thimacs ( thi ng/ mac hine-s). Following the philosophical distinction between things and objects, we can specify modeling at two levels: (i) the thinging stage, in which the domain consists of thimacs that emerge from the world, and (ii) the objectification stage, which involves recognizing some thimacs with "hard wholeness," called objects . Objects are thimacs that control the handleablity (create, process, release, transfer and receive) of their sub-parts when interacting with the outside of the object (analogous to the body parts holding together in an assemblage when interacting with the outside). The results promise a more refined modeling process to develop a high-level description of the involved domain.


The maximally entangled mixed state in the sense of negativity for C~2C~n system is studied,and an obvious result is obtained.Moreover the relative quantum entropy of entanglement in the maximally entangled mixed state without full rank is calculated.


Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is characterized by an overgrowth of various types of bacteria in the small intestine, bacteria which are largely only found in the colon. SIBO was initially thought of as a rare condition; however, it is now recognized as a more prevalent digestive disorder than previously acknowledged. A meta-analysis has shown the prevalence of SIBO to be approximately 64% among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).[1] The symptoms of SIBO vary, from mild (constipation, gas, bloating) to suffering from chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and malabsorption. It has been realized that the symptoms of SIBO closely overlap symptoms of IBS, which allows for most patients to be wrongly diagnosed with IBS.


The reproducible synthesis of anisotropic magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles is demonstrated by a thermal decomposition approach. The shape and size of the nanoparticles are controlled via the reaction environment, the heating rate and the solvent volume.


In an earlier note 1 it was stated that free sections of fibrin filament were observed moving slowly forward and backward over the face of a red corpuscle without turning around; that fibrin filaments exhibited occasionally a faint diagonal striation indicating a left or right screw-thread; that the same filament showed at one time apparently a left thread and at another a right thread or vice versa; and also that a microcyte touching a red corpuscle at the point of attachment of an actively motile fibrin filament or flagellum, moved slowly first in one direction and then in the opposite direction. This reversal of direction in movement can be explained readily by utilizing the observation that a left helicoid apparently changed into a right helicoid, for with a given rotational direction, either right or left, the helicoid moves in one direction in a resistant medium when it possesses a left twist and in the opposite direction when the twist is right-handed. That a right helix can change into a left or vice versa may be demonstrated easily in a model. If about 6 turns are cut from a small spool of spring-brass wire (B & S 19) a helix, generally right twist, will be secured. If the ends of this helix are firmly held in pin-vises, the coils moderately stretched apart and the helix rotated so that one end rotates slightly faster than the other, then a change of screw-thread will occur if the rotation is such that the coils widen and decrease in number. For example, in a wire helix with a right-hand spiral and rotating to the right (clockwise) under the conditions mentioned above, the change of twist generally shows itself first in one or the other terminal loop.


To predict phase transitions in ceramics and minerals from molecular dynamics simulations, we have developed a force field in which the charges are allowed to readjust instantaneously to the atomic configurations. These charges are calculated using the charge equilibration (QEq) method. In addition to electrostatics, a two-body Morse stretch potential is included to account for short-range nonelectrostatic interactions. This MS-Q potential is applied herein to SiO_2, where we find that it describes well the fourfold coordinated and sixfold coordinated systems (such as quartz and stishovite), silica glass, and the pressure-induced phase transition from quartz to stishovite.


Summary of key aspects of the content of national and foreign sources (extended abstract of dissertation, monographs, articles in professional editions, statistical and analytical reports, scientific and production literature) on use of electronic social networking services in teaching practice and scientific studies.
The summary is completed to target concerned parties (teachers, students, academic specialists) in the information streams on the use of electronic social networking technologies in educational practice. As a result factographic analysis of reviewed documents, the authors selected only those facts that can serve as "building blocks" to cover the study "Formation of informational-educational environment of high school students learning through technology of electronic social networks» (№0115U002232, 2015-2017).


Persistent throat symptoms are common among patients who present to ENT clinic. Patients with these symptoms are often examined by flexible nasolaryngoscopy to exclude serious conditions such as laryngeal carcinoma. The aim of this study is to determine the role of flexible nasolaryngoscopy in the management of persistent throat symptoms. In a prospective study, one hundred and five patients presented with persistent throat symptom (hoarseness, dysphagia, persistent cough, persistent sore throat and globus sensation ) for more than two weeks. Flexible nasolaryngoscopy done for all patients in ENT outpatient clinic in Al-Fallujah General Hospital, demographics, procedure indications, complications, the findings and the changes in management had been studied. The mean age was 45.6 years. The most common indications for the flexible nasolaryngoscopy were hoarseness (51.5%), globus sensation (28.6%), persistent cough (11.4%), dysphagia (5.7%) and persistent sore throat (2.8%); the most common findings were vocal abuse (32.4%), globus sensation due to anxiety (23.8%), laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (11.4%).Minor complications was happened in two patients. Three patients (2.9%) were diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and this diagnosis was associated with history of heavy smoking. There will be changes in the therapeutic plan in 80% of the patients. From this study we can concluded that flexible nasolaryngoscopy was a safe procedure in the outpatient clinic, and it can provide a good help in the diagnosis and treatment of persistent throat symptoms especially serious conditions such as laryngeal carcinoma.


The lawsuit is seen as a method or methodology for the discovery of truth. Psychoanalysis may contribute for establishing the dialogue and finding a provisional solution for the conflict. Argumentation is opposed to dogmatism, so long as it brings knowledge derived from the agreement of individuals.


As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rage across the United States and Europe, attention has been diverted from the toll the virus is taking in India. India is currently home to the second largest COVID-19 outbreak in the world, with more than 10 million confirmed cases and over 150,000 confirmed deaths1 .


The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPARg) is abundantly expressed in adipocytes, and plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation and fat accretion. It is a heterodimeric partner of the retinoid X receptors a, b and g, which are also expressed in the adipose tissue. As lethality ofPPAR g � /� and RXRa � /� mouse fetuses precluded the analysis of PPARg and RXRa functions in mature adipocytes, we generated RXRa ad� /� and PPARg ad� /� mice, in which RXRa and PPARg are selectively ablated in adult adipocytes, respectively. Even though the adiposity ofRXR a ad� /� mice is similar to that ofcontrol mice when fed a regular diet, they are resistant to chemically and dietary-induced obesity. However, mature adipocytes lacking either both RXRa and RXRg or PPARg die, and are replaced by newly formed adipocytes. Thus, in adipocytes, RXRa is essential for lipogenesis, but RXRg can functionally replace RXRa for the adipocyte vital functions exerted by PPARg/RXR heterodimers. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Risk is endogenous. The brief opening and then the closing of the Millennium Bridge in London in 2000 illustrates how market prices play a dual role: they are simultaneously a reflection of market participants' actions as well as an imperative for their actions.


UNNAYAN : International Bulletin of Management and Economics Volume IX | July 2018 1 Dr. Vivek Pachauri Associate Professor Institute of Advanced Management & Research Ghaziabad The Increasing interest in the Emotional Intelligence within the Indian organization system has been attributed to the popularization of the construct of the Emotional Intelligence in the research area. The Emotional Development in the organizations assumes that, the emotional Intelligence is a trait which is associated with job satisfaction which in turn enhances loyalty and commitment. This is because the satisfied employee will have a stronger desire to belong to the organization and is willing to display greater organizational citizenship behavior. The workplace is an environment filled with all kinds of people and personalities that come together and work for a common goal. Since it is rare that two people will have the same personality types, workers will always have different ways to solving problems and finding methods to complete tasks. Whether workers express how they are feeling openly or keep to themselves, emotions have an effect on job satisfaction and thus organizational commitment. Both positive and negative emotions will affect how a person will describe their satisfaction with their job (Fisher 185). The objective of the current study is to determine the impact of manager's Emotional Intelligence on organizational commitment in mediation to job satisfaction in manufacturing industries.


Isolated footings are normally used for most of the structures with reinforced concrete or steel columns. The design of a footing is governed by the bearing capacity/allowable pressure of soil and axial loads/moments acting on it. The isolated footings subjected to axial loads alone are analysed in the present study. While in the case of highly compressible soils, settlement is the criterion for design, in the case of coarse grained soils, bearing capacity is mostly the criterion for design. The variation of bearing capacity/allowable pressure with breadth, and the ratio of length to breadth is also taken into consideration in this paper. Recommendations have been given for both the conditions.


The mutual interplay between sand ripples and oscillatory flow forms a complex system affecting the hydrodynamic roughness of seabeds and impacting on energy dissipation and sediment mobilisation on the coast. Discrete self-organising computer simulations, in which local rules lead to the emergence of global patterns, currently exist to model the formation of sand ripples under various conditions. However, limited laboratory validation or extension of these models to oscillatory flow has been conducted. In the current study, work was undertaken to demonstrate that ripple formation under waves can be considered a self-organising process, and modelled as such. A laboratory study enabled visual validation of self-organising behaviour, as well as quantification of the rate of ripple growth and re-growth when condition change. A numerical model, based on earlier work in wind-driven ripples, developed ripples of a plausible shape and wavelength and also simulated many of the self-organising characteristics observed in the laboratory. The results of both the laboratory study and model indicate that a self-organising process provides a probable behavioural scheme for ripple development under hydraulic oscillatory flow.


The ecosystem "strearn" is traditionally confined to within the bankfull lines inside these lirnits is the so-called active channel, outside of these lirnits are the flood plains. Only during periods of high discharge is the entire active channel covered by water. However, rnost of the tirne elevated sedirnent structures are dry on the surface. These only periodically flooded channel areas are large and frequent in braided river sections and srnaller, less frequent and rnainly near the banks in confined gorge sections. The ecological irnplications for the entire ecosystern are rnanifold: The distribution of hydraulic forces is diversified and hence the sedirnent cornposition. Retention capaciry is increased. Autochthonic prirnary production is increased. Shore length is elongated. The local ternperature pattern is diversified. An ecotone forms between the edaphic developments on dry surfaces and the lotic biocoenosis in the sediments underneath, as long as surface water flows through the sediments. The ecotone formation was studied in the Danube o n a large gravel bank upstream of the "Schwalbeninsel" (berween 1888.8 and 1890.0 stream km, east ofVienna) berween 1993 and 1995. The flow of surface water through the sediments below dry surfaces requires a hydraulic head across the bank and unconsolidated sediments. At the study site, the hydraulic head forms between the upstream end of the side channel (berween the bank and "Schwalbeninsel") and the Danube. In this area the bank is low and already overflown at mean discharge, keeping the sediments unconsolidated. Sediments are more consolidated and permeabiliry is lower in the more elevated parts of the bank where the lotic fauna disappears as soon as the surface becomes dry. The lotic community only persists below dry surfaces in a small corridor of the gravel bar. Even here, throughflow is nor large enough to maintain oxygen saturated sediment water; the lotic fauna concentrates in the humid sediment layer above the water table. In the canalized Austrian Danube the connections to the near bank groundwater are greatly reduced and topographic structures generating hydraulic heads across gravel bars are very rare. Most gravel bars are devoid of the lotic biocoenosis as soon as they are not overflown (BRETSCHKO 1998). Edaphic developments on top of the lotic community are therefore restricted to a few and topographically exceptional si tes in the present state of the Austrian Danube.


The ruthenium tetroxide catalyzed direct oxidative cyclization is a powerful synthetic method for the diastereoselective preparation of THF diols from simple achiral 1,5‐diene starting materials with significant relevance to target‐oriented and natural product synthesis. We here report that an aged precatalyst solution exhibits an extraordinarily high reactivity. Thus, even at 50 ppm catalyst loading, impressive results were achieved with good to high yields and excellent diastereoselectivities for the four stereogenic centers that were established in this single‐step transformation. Turnover numbers of up to 15 000 and turnover frequencies of up to 3660 h−1 were obtained. The ageing effect was analyzed spectroscopically and a preliminary hypothesis to explain the reactivity is given. Finally, the generality of this effect in oxidative cyclization chemistry was demonstrated by using a set of substrates with different substitution patterns and different geometries of the reacting double bonds.


Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow failure disorder caused by immune mediated destruction of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Despite excellent response rates and survival with immunosup...


Laboratory studies were undertaken: (1) to validate, if possible, equal noisiness contours for bands of noise and to extend the range of these contours to higher sound frequencies; (2) to determine the effects of the presence of intense pure‐tone components in wide‐band noise upon judgments of loudness and noisiness; and (3) to equate the effects of rise time, duration, and decay time of a sound upon its judged noisiness. The data indicate that: (1) Presently published equal‐noisiness contours have the proper shape, or nearly so, up to about 6000 cps. An extension of the contours is proposed for use with sounds having higher frequency components. (2) The presence of strong pure‐tone components in a background of broad‐band noise has a much more dramatic effect on judged noisiness than judged loudness. (3) It appears, from a preliminary study, that the trading relation between over‐all duration (212 to 20 sec) and peak sound‐pressure level, keeping rise‐ and decay‐time ratios constant is fairly well repres...


Apparatus and method for processing multimedia digital bit stream is disclosed. The apparatus includes a processing chain that is composed of a plurality of multimedia processor. Each media processor real time processing a portion of the multimedia digital bit stream. Each part of the multimedia digital bit stream is divided into a first bit stream and the second bit stream. The first bit stream is processed and merged with the second bit stream that has not yet been processed. According to the parallel processing method of the present invention, processing chain it is possible to output the completely processed bitstream in real-time. Processing chain is used for transcoding by using a plurality of bit rate transcoder unit high-definition (HD) video bit stream in real time.


In hard disk drive (HDD) servo systems, the short-span track seeking control may be viewed as a reference tracking problem. However, the perfect tracking control (PTC) is difficult to realize, because the voice coil motor (VCM) has a double-integrator behavior with a relative degree of two and it may also have nonminimum-phase (NMP) zero. These characteristics prevent the plant model inversion for the PTC design. A dual-stage HDD servo system uses VCM as the primary actuator and places a secondary micro-actuator piggyback on the VCM. This paper proposes a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) control scheme for fast short-span seeking such a system. The control design utilizes the parallel structure of two actuators to relax the restriction of plant order and NMP zero for perfect reference tracking. Experiment results show that the time of short-span seeking can be greatly shortened with the proposed 2DOF control design with dual-stage actuators.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of obtaining a formula compound. The method includes a stage of binding a formula compound with a formula compound in the presence of a base with the formation of the formula (I) compound. In formula (I) stereochemical configurations in the positions, marked with asterisks, are relative; R b represents hydrogen; R 00 represents a C 1-10 aliphatic group or a C 6-14 aryl group, including one-three rings; R d , R e , R e' , R f , R h , R h' , R k represent hydrogen; R g represents chlorine, fluorine, iodine or bromine; R m represents a protective hydroxyl group; values of radicals R a , R*, R c are given in the invention formula. In formulas (II) and (III) R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , R e' , R f , R g , R h , R h' , R j , R k and R m are such as determined in formula (I) and R 1 represents -CH 2 CHO. The invention also relates to methods of obtaining compounds of formulae (V), (VI), (VId) and to a compound of the structural formula (IIa). Structural formulae of compounds (V), (VI), (VId), (IIa) are given in the invention formula. EFFECT: method makes it possible to carry out synthesis in a regioselective way and use the obtained product without purification. 15 cl, 1 tbl, 26 ex


Microcoulometry determination of total sulfur content of LPG,in the petro-chemical analysis of a wide range of applications in particular,but the practical application of the specific operating conditions,the injection volume,and assist gas flow,bias and other factors relatively large,so in actual use to be optimized according to specific circumstances.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a release film for manufacturing a ceramic sheet which is superior in ceramic slurry coating properties in the production of the ceramic sheet, includes a homogeneous coating film and a homogeneous release layer, has adhesiveness to prevent the floating of the ceramic sheet from the release film, for example, in a conveyance process after the ceramic slurry is dried, can peel the ceramic sheet in a peeling process, and has the sufficiently cured release layer. SOLUTION: In the release film having the release layer on at least one side of a polyester film, as the release layer of the release film, a hydrophilic polyester resin in an amount of a specified range is incorporated in the silicone resin coating film. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


There are two main paradigms for Named Entity Recognition (NER): sequence labelling and span classification. Sequence labelling aims to assign a label to each word in an input text using, for example, BIO (Begin, Inside and Outside) tagging, while span classification involves enumerating all possible spans in a text and classifying them into their labels. In contrast to sequence labelling, unconstrained span-based methods tend to assign entity labels to overlapping spans, which is generally undesirable, especially for NER tasks without nested entities. Accordingly, we propose GNNer, a framework that uses Graph Neural Networks to enrich the span representation to reduce the number of overlapping spans during prediction. Our approach reduces the number of overlapping spans compared to strong baseline while maintaining competitive metric performance. Code is available at https://github.com/urchade/GNNer.


The term "filariasis" as here used is restricted to infections with Filaria bancrofti or at least with worms having embryos apparently of that type. Most of these infections in the northern states have occurred in persons who have acquired the parasite in the tropics and are consequently lacking in the interest which indigenous diseases possess. as an examination of the published cases, however, shows that, excepting two large series reported from Charleston , S. C., less than fifty have been recorded for easten North America, one may perhaps be pardoned for reporting two other imported cases, especially as the disease may become endemic in this latitute, if it not already is. Following a consideration of these two cases is a summary of what, it is hoped, are all of the cases previously reported, with a discussion of each case or group of cases. As compilers are only human, probably recorded cases


This study was done to assess the knowledge of Village Practitioners (VPs) on ARI, particularly Childhood Pneumonia, in two selected upazilla of Natore District in Bangladesh. Comparatively accurate knowledge was evident on the following aspects: name of diseases which develop pneumonia as complication (77.8%), key signs for severe pneumonia: rapid respiration (62.5%) and chest indrawing (68%), drug treatment regimen (68.1%), type of antibiotic use: Amoxycillin (79.2) and Co-trimoxazole (40.3%) and sign-symptoms for referral (61.1%). On the contrary, inaccurate knowledge was noted on following aspects: aetiologies of childhood pneumonia (52.8%), home care for pneumonic children (55.6%), prevention of childhood pneumonia (62.5%), idea about proportion of childhood mortality attributable to childhood pneumonia (80.6%), and on breathing rates which indicate rapid respiration in different age group (79.2%). Forty three percent of the respondents did not know that any EPI vaccine can prevent childhood pneumonia and 93% identified ARI as a major public health problem of Bangladesh. Orientation about and inclusion of VPs in Standard Case Management for ARI are recommended. TAJ 2002; 15(1): 5-8 Introduction Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in the developing world, annually killing about four million children under five years of age in Asia, Africa and Latin America. ARI, mainly Pneumonia, accounts for about 18% of underlying causes of death in developing countries. In Bangladesh, ARI are the most common cause of death among children below five years of age. In Bangladesh more than 70% of the rural people receive health care from unqualified village practitioners'"' Eventually large proportions of ARI cases are dealt with by the VPs at any of its stage. So they should have knowledge about the management of ARI, particularly pneumonia cases. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among the unregistered village practitioners (VPs) of Shingra and Sadar upazilla of Natore district from lanuary to May in 1995. Total sample size of the study was 72, of which 36 were pallichikitshaks and 36 were allopathic Quacks. They were selected purposively. Data were collected by a pretested self-administered questionnaire under the supervision of Government health field workers without any consultation of books or any other health personnels. ' M Phil Student, National Institute ol Preventive & Social Medicine, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh. 1 Professor, Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Preventive & Social Medicine, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, TAJ June 2002; Volume 15 Number 1 Results Only 11 (15.3%) of 72 practitioner mentioned about correct drug regimen as per Oral amoxycillin/Ampicillin was the most WHQ Standard Antibiotic therapy for the first frequently used drug, followed by Co-trimoxazole ,eve, Fifteen percent memioned about wrong and and Injectable Penicillin and Ampicillm. Stated damaging antibiotics. (Table-3) use of oral Cephalexin by a good number of practitioners was noted. (Table-2). Table 1: Status of Knowledge of Village Practitioners on different aspects of childhood pneumonia. (n=72) Status Prevention of Childhood Pneumonia EPI Vac. preventing Ch. Pneum. Rapid Breathing Rate Sign/Sympt of Severe Pneumonia Home Care of Ch. Pncum.


ABSTRACT Placing time limits on benefits was seen by the proponents of the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act as a means to encourage welfare recipients to engage in forward-looking behavior so that they can plan for a life without welfare. Current studies provide mixed findings regarding the effects of time limits on welfare participation and focus primarily on the urban poor. In this study, we examine how Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) participants interpret and respond to time limits under different personal and local conditions. Data come from interviews conducted with 60 low-income women from two rural Mississippi counties. The results suggest that not all welfare clients are aware of time limits and that time limits rarely impact their behavior. Their views of time limits were influenced by three major factors: (1) a belief that their welfare status is temporary, (2) a misunderstanding of welfare policy, and (3) an inability to acknowledge personal and structural barriers to leaving welfare.


This thesis aims to design a strategic plan for the Cia. de Transporte Pesado Comboy Sur S.A that is dedicated to providing the freight service of all kinds everywhere within Ecuadorian territory.
The thesis consists of three chapters elaborate on that in the first chapter provides a detailed study of the concepts applied in what strategic planning is concerned, finding models to develop this proposal through a conceptual research and its various applications, identifying the appropriate model to be applied in the Cia. de Transporte Pesado Comboy Sur S.A


This paper presents Cramér-Rao bound-like inequalities for pose tracking, which is defined as the problem of recovering the robot displacement given two successive readings of a relative sensor. Computing the exact Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) for pose tracking is hard, because the state comprises the map, which is infinite-dimensional and unknown. This paper shows that the FIM for pose tracking can be bounded by a function of the FIM for localization on a known map, thereby reducing the analysis to a finite-dimensional problem. The resulting bounds are independent of the map prior and representation. The results are valid for any relative sensor; the experimental verification is done for the particular case of pose tracking using range-finders (scan matching).


Background. Red chili is a spice that is consumed by many people, in the form of fruit or grinded. Grinded red chili has a low shelf life and is easily overgrown by destructive microorganisms, therefore it needs preservatives such as sodium benzoate which can inhibit the destruction. Based on regulation of National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia No. 36/2013, the maximum limit of sodium benzoate in seasoning is 0.6 g/kg.
Objective. to identify sodium benzoate and its level in grinded red chili has been sold in Pasar Raya Padang based on BPOM standard.
Methods. The type of research is descriptive research, conducted at UPTD Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Sumatera Barat from September 2019 to July 2020. The research sample consisted of 35 samples obtained by total sampling method. Results. All of grinded red chilies used as sample were positive containing sodium benzoate. Average levels of sodium benzoate in grinded red chili is 0,144 g/kg. The level of sodium benzoate in each sample is below National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia standard (<0,6 g/kg).
Conclusion. All samples of grinded red chilies were positive containing sodium benzoate with appropriate levels as stated in National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia provision.
Keywords : grinded red chili, sodium benzoate, Spectrophotometer UV-Visible.


This critique of the &dquo;rehabilitative ideal&dquo; in adult corrections is one of a series of works devoted to an analysis of welfare probllems from a radical social policy perspective. According to Bean, a critique of the rehabititative ideal can be perceived as &dquo;radical&dquo; because sentencing for rehabilitation purposes has aiready achieved an &dquo;entrenched and established position.&dquo; By attacking the British version of the rehalsili. tation ideal, one is also confronting &dquo;the establishment&dquo;


On July 1 2012, the carriage requirement for ECDIS became mandatory in a phased-in manner. The system has since been widely used as a core bridge navigation system and as a replacement for paper charts with a back up arrangement. However operational anomalies have been found in the system internationally. IMO and IHO have recognised these anomalies and seek for solution. This study has been conducted on a survey of seafarers on the use of ECDIS with regard to anomalies identification, level of the seafarer satisfaction and requirements for further functional improvement. From the results, the ECDIS user focused requirements suggested on strengthening the level of navigational safety and efficiency. The efficiency of using main functions of ECDIS was positively evaluated. However, there were concerns regarding its operational safety.


What is Enlightenment? This article points out the fact of the politics concealed in the meaning of Enlightenment by returning to history, which is about the light and the truth between Man and God. It also reveals the foreordination of enlightenment which begins with the politics and ends in the ultimatism. Meanwhile, it introduces a style of enlightenment which Kant and Mill establish in the humility and the accordance, and make prospects on this kind of enlightenment.


An analytical study of local buckling of rectangular plate in contact with a rigid medium,rotationally restrained elastically along unloaded edges and subjected to uniform in-plane axial pressure,is presented in this paper.Avariational formulation of Ritz method is used to establish the explicit solution of elastic buckling strength of rectangular plate,which satisfy all the above-mentioned restrained boundary condition.After considering the reinforcing effect of filled concrete to the edge of the component plates,the explicit solution is further used to calculate the local buckling strength of the steel plates of concrete filled steel box.The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the results of concrete filled steel box column test.4figs.,3tabs.,10refs.


The goal of this study is to propose a new approach to analyze the floor plan of the Parthenon in Athens, Greece with geometric method, also to interpret the symbolism of the plan. There are lack of studies about the column space and layout, the underlying principle and idea to design the floor plan. Here is the result of the analysis. 1. The column space at the center of the front line is wider than the side. I have found out that the column layout is geometrically designed by `Constellation-column` method, which is newly proposed by this research. The method is to project the stars placed at regular interval on the circle into a line of rectangle. 2. The three rectangles forming the floor plan of the Parthenon are made following one of Pythagorean Triple, 5:12:13. 3. The floor plan of Parthenon symbolizes a ship making a voyage toward East, the rising sun. Based on the analysis aforementioned, I have concluded that the floor plan of the Parthenon is composed of a geometrical shape and the temple symbolizes a ship.


On 25 November 1986, at the Third National Conference on Medical History and Health in Australia, an Australian Society of the History of Medicine was established. The objects of the Society are: the association in Australia of a society of persons interested in the history of medicine; the encouragement in Australia of the study and the teaching of the history ofmedicine and the development ofcritical standards in the field; the organization in Australia of conferences, meetings and discussion groups for the presentation and discussion of papers, dissertations and other matters relating to the history of medicine. The executives of the new society are: (President) Bryan Gandevia, (Vice-President) Diana Dyason, (Secretary) Harold Attwood, (Treasurer) Geoffrey Kenny. Membership is open to all interested in the history of medicine. The annual subscription is $(A)15.00. Student membership is $(A)10.00. All enquiries to the Secretary, Professor Harold Attwood, Medical History Unit, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia (telephone: 03-344 5884).


The embodiment of the invention relates to a method and device used for unlocking a screen. The method includes the steps that voice input of a user is received; corresponding cipher text and corresponding pronunciation features are acquired from the voice input; the acquired cipher text and the acquired pronunciation features are compared with the range of preset cipher text and the range of preset pronunciation features; if the acquired cipher text and the acquired pronunciation features are matched with the range of the preset cipher text and the range of the preset pronunciation features, the screen is unlocked, and otherwise the screen will continue to be locked.


Poly(etherimide) hollow fiber membranes for the oxygen enrichment were prepared by dry-wet phase inversion processes from spinning solution containing NMP and an alcohols as a nonsolvent-additive. The alcohols used in this study include four alcohols(methanol, ethanol, propanol, buthanol) and diethylene glycol. The effect of the alcohols as nonsolvent-ad di- tive on the spinning solution properties; permeation fluxes of pure O 2 , N 2 ; and structures of the PEI hollow fiber membrane were investigated. The PEI hollow fiber membrane with an outer diameter of about 450 μm and inner diameter of about 150 μm were prepared. The PEI hollow fiber membrane prepared from NMP/MeOH solvent systems exhibited the best gas separation charac- teristics. After silicon coating, these hollow fiber exhibited approximately a oxygen permeance 0.5 GPU with a 5.7 selectivity t o nitrogen. Through SEM microphotograph we also got a finger-like(C 1 -C 4 alcohols), sponge-like(diethylene glycol) substructures.


Beam lead technology inherently lends itself to integrated microwave devices. Closely controlled junction geometry leads to uniformity of device characteristics. Specially designed tapered leads for improved microwave matching are easily formed using this technology. High speed bonding is also possible, with automatic equipment. These advantages are obtained with a process sequence which allows the use of a since metal deposition step for both the Schottky barrier and beam lead interconnection system. Molybdenum with a gold overlay is the metallurgical system used to form the barrier and the beam lead interconnections. Typical I-V and 1/C2-V plots indicate uniformity of barrier height and "n" factor. Values of n are less than 1.1 with the barrier height at 0.61 e.v. Measurements of change in barrier height with temperature up to 500°C show less than 210 mV variation. With the stable moly barrier used, device parameters are a compromise of geometry and epitaxy layer. DC characteristics of these devices give forward current matching of ± 10 mV at 1 ma. The Rs is 10 ohms and the Cj is less than 0.3 pf, giving an RC product less than 3 \times 10_{-12} sec. Using these devices in a chrome-gold on alumina microstrip integrated mixer, overall single sideband noise figures of 6.5- 7.0 dB were measured, with a 1.5 dB IF noise figure, at 9.4 GHz. Measured noise figure was essentially constant over a range of 1-10 mw of local oscillator power, and the diodes will withstand over 500 mw cw RF power. These values compare favorably with discrete packaged devices. Fabrication in series pairs, matched quads or other configurations can be accomplished with good uniformity.


One of the many benefits of practicing as a locum tenens physician is that the hassle and expense associated with liability insurance is largely a non-issue since it is an industry standard that locum tenens agencies provide practitioners with insurance.


The distribution of poles and zeros identifies the dynamics of a system. Changes in this distribution during the aging and failure process can provide insight into fault diagnosis. This paper presents a tentative study on fault diagnosis using pole-zero analysis, with the bearing as an example. Firstly, the bearing is simplified into three main components (outer race, inner race, and balls) with each component modeled with a mass-spring-damper system. Then, the three mass-spring-damper systems are coupled to model the whole bearing and represented with state-space functions. Afterward, a cost function considering envelope spectrum discrepancy is built for system identification. Finally, the resulting pole-zero distributions are extracted and compared. Experimental results show that the pole-zero distributions vary for bearings with faults on different components, indicating the potential to realize fault diagnosis based on the pole-zero analysis.


Behavior-based systems, i.e. systems that use behaviors as a way of decomposing the control policy needed for accomplishing a task, are very useful in making robots cope with the dynamics of real-world environments. However, these systems still need to be extended to design robots having multiple and possibly conflicting goals, requiring planning, and getting more out of their behaviors. One way of doing that is to allow behaviors to be selected dynamically and to blend their actions in order to get more complex behaviors. This paper addresses these issues by presenting a control architecture that, when using fuzzy logic, allows behaviors to be efficiently selected by different sources. A simulated world for mobile robots is used to illustrate these ideas.


A facile and efficient method was developed for the synthesis of isothiazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3(2H)-one derivatives. This new type of AIE materials was studied through photophysical analysis, X-ray and theoretical calculations. Then, based on a ring-opening reaction, we found a useful application of this material in cysteine and glutathione detection.


Abstract Judge performance is a critical component of a wine competition's success. A number of studies have shown that wine judges may differ considerably in their opinions. In this paper, we have conducted an in-depth examination of wine judge performance at a U.S. wine competition. Three characteristics of judge's performance are examined: bias, discrimination ability, and variation. Based on the analysis, we can identify the judges who had discrepant scoring patterns and can gain insight into which of the three characteristics cause particular judges to disagree. The evaluation of wine judge performance through these three characteristics may provide useful information for training them to have consistent performance and in assisting competition coordinators in judge selection. (JEL Classification: C1, D8, Q13)


Introduction Trace elements in medicinal plants play an important role in treatment of diseases but they could be toxic in excess amounts. These elements are needed at levels of 20 mg per day or less. Some of the trace elements expected to be found in plant samples include Aluminium (Al), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) [1]. A trace metal can be defined with the formal title "essential". Most micronutrients owe the essential to being constituents of enzymes and other important proteins involved in key metabolic pathways. Hence, a deficient supply of the micronutrient will result in a shortage of the enzyme which leads to Abstract Three medicinal plants, Neem (Azadirachta indica), Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) and Lemon grass (Cymbopgon citratus), were studied to investigate trace elements and antioxidant properties. The medicinal plants studied have been used in folklore medicine for the cure of diseases such as high blood pressure, lowering of blood cholesterol, cancer, fever, leprosy and eye defects. The trace elements investigated were Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Selenium (Se) and Zinc (Zn), and antioxidants (Carotenoids, Tocotrienols and Tocopherols), which are known for their ability to cure various ailments, were also analysed. The results show that in all the medicinal plants studied, the concentration of trace elements ranged between (167-190) mg/kg, (1.6-1.8) mg/kg, (1.2-1.4) mg/kg, (6.5-6.7) mg/kg and (7.7-8.9) mg/kg of Mg, Mn, Cu, Se and Zn respectively. Carotenoids, Tocotrienols and Tocopherols in the medicinal plants ranged between (120-300) mg/kg, (11-14) mg/kg and (3.7-4.00 mg/kg respectively. Ashitaba leaves (Angelica keiskei) showed the highest antioxidant property while Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), showed the least antioxidant property.


The German and European climate action programs and the ongoing discussion of resource efficiency require an in-depth analysis of the building sector, especially with the background of the German refurbishment backlog and high energy demands of the German building stock. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on the city quarter level allows fast and efficient evaluation of environmental impacts, emissions, and energy demands of densification in urban areas. This study presents LCA results for a specific urban city quarter. Thereby environmental and energetic values for specific building ages are developed and used to conduct LCA for the building construction and technical building services components. A 3D city model in CityGML-format of residential buildings serves as the basis for assessment. The results can be used to identify decisive drivers of energy demands and emissions and the saving potentials of different building development scenarios.


This paper reviewed the efficiency of CMOS class AB power amplifier topology especially in gigahertz frequencies. CMOS class AB power amplifier is a compromise between class A and class B in terms of linearity and efficiency between 50% to 78.5%. However, CMOS class AB power amplifier cannot have good linearity and efficiency simultaneously due to the breakdown in gate-oxide voltage and effects from hot carrier. The breakdown of oxide prevents optimum drain signal and the effect from hot carrier will reduce the quality of the overall PA design. Several works from year 1999 to 2019 with different topology such as multiple gated transistor, cascode, feedforward linearization, differential circuit, transformer combining method with common source harmonic termination and combination of a dual-switching transistor with a third harmonic tuning technique are discussed and the performances of the power amplifier are compared. The best three CMOS class AB power amplifier topologies were chosen in terms of high efficiency. The topologies are two stages with integrated input and interstage matching, Doherty amplifier combined with drain modulation based architectures and self-biased cascode topology that obtained power added efficiency of 45%, 43% and 42%, respectively. Key performance indicators for class AB power amplifier include frequency, power added efficiency, gain and output power are also discussed in this paper.


Iron (III) acetylacetonate (Fe (acac) 3, 99.9%), oleylamine (70%), diphenyl ether (99%), methy 3-mercaptopropionate (HSCH2CH2COOCH3, 98%), hydrazine monohydrate (N2H4•H2O, 98%), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS, 98%), 3aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES, 99%) poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG, MW ~ 8,000), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC, 98.5%), Nhydroxysuccinimide (NHS, 98%), fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I (FITC, 90%), and folic acid (97%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP 98%) was obtained from BBI. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ammonium hydroxide (NH3.H2O, 25-28 % by weight in water), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), ethanol, 2-propanol, acetic acid, and hydrochloride (HCl, 37.5%) were purchased from Himedia Lab Chemicals Mumbai, India. The aforementioned chemicals without denotation are of analytical grade and used as received without further purification. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Invitrogen Bangalore, India. Human breast carcinoma MCF-7 and Human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell line were purchased from National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India.


The personal experience upon which this report is based embraces twenty-three operations, in all of which recovery ensued. They may be, for purposes of study, divided into: 1. TUMORS. Case 1. —Male, aged 40. Operation July 7, 1888. Seven months before, haematuria, chills and fever. Diagnosis, cancer of bladder. Large epithelioma removed. Drainage tube removed eighth day. Urine ceased to escape through wound on sixteenth day. Recovery. Improved. Six months later, death from general metastasis and exhaustion. Case 2 .—Male, 36 years old. Operation July 20, 1888. Small benign sessile tumor removed from floor of trigonum. Drainage tube removed sixth day. Wound closed on eighteenth day. Recovered. Cured. Case 3 .—Female, 20 years old. Small, pedunculated, benign tumor at commencement of urethra, forming ball-valve, and stopping free outflow of urine. Operation March 26, 1889. Wound in bladder closed at once. Catheter per urethram ten days. No leakage. Recovery. Case 4 .—Male, 54 years. Operation


Brain irradiation is commonly used for many primary brain malignancies. After radiotherapy, the potential for the development of radiation-induced vasculopathy exists and should be kept in mind. Craniopharyngioma is one rare slowly developing, usually benign tumor. In the majority of cases, such tumors grow above the anterior upper lip of pituitary gland and are located mainly on Sella Turcica or on side sella areas. Macroscopically, they seem like big globe tumors with the white or red-blooded surface. Histologically, have ascertained two types, adamantinomatous and papillary type (though they have ascertained and mixed types). However, independently of their main type, they usually have cystic form. The size of craniopharyngioma is between 2 to 4 cm. Strike 0,12-2/100.000 people a year, 30 to 50% of all cases presenting during childhood and adolescence and they constitute the 2-5% of all brain tumors. The peak incidence rates have been shown in children of ages 5 to 14 years and adults of ages 50 to 74 years.  The study below presents one case of post-radiation vasculopathy of the brain arteries of the patient who received radiation therapy to the brain as part of his craniopharingioma management. It will be underscored the significance of this patient condition and also will be described possible routes to prevent the occurrence of vasculopathy.


Nondestructive testing (NDT) is used in more and more industries and inspection techniques must constantly adapt to complex materials (coarse grained materials, composites, etc.), defects (corrosion, fatigue crack, HTHA, etc.) or new inspection standards. Ultrasonic imaging methods have long been limited by low data throughput and a small number of transducers, but this is no longer the case with nowadays electronic devices and computers which enable large amounts of raw data to be acquired and processed in real time. The Delay-and-Sum (DAS) algorithm, which has been used almost automatically in many applications over the past few years, is now outperformed by advanced processing methods. In this context, this article presents few real-time advanced reconstruction techniques that enhance the quality of ultrasonic images on typical industrial applications. The first example concerns coherence beamformers such as Phase Coherence Imaging (PCI) which exploit the phase information of the signals. This type of method proves to be highly effective in detecting diffraction echoes from crack-like defects or in improving contrast and resolution of images from corroded samples inspections. The second example uses cross-correlation techniques that have been known for years to improve detection in various fields. Correlating the data with the transmitted signal reduces electronic noise and improves signal-to-noise ratio. This application also benefits from recent progress of ultrasonic devices that are able to modulate complex excitation signals in emission. This type of method is very promising for the inspection of attenuative materials and coarse-grained steels.


A new approach of the AC filter design for the SVC (Static Var Compensator) is proposed in this paper. When the SVC consists of TCR(s) (Thyristor Controlled Reactor(s)) or TCT(s) (Thyristor Controlled Transformer(s)) and the AC filter(s), it is required to design AC filter(s) carefully to meet regulation level of harmonic voltage and current at the connection point of the SVC. In general, the AC filter design may require many iterative calculations of the harmonic performance by changing electrical parameters of the AC filter until all the harmonic voltage and current performances at the connection point of the SVC meet the regulation level on various conditions in terms of the filter de-tuning cases and the AC power system conditions. In this respect a new AC filter design approach is proposed, which is innovative on evaluation method of the performance to predetermine the permissible range of the AC filter harmonic impedance on the complex plane. By using this method, the iterations of the calculation can be reduced and it enables more efficient process of the design providing clear accountability of the decision of AC filter parameters.


Due to the advent of new technologies, devices, and communication means like social networking sites, the amount of data produced by mankind is growing rapidly every year. The amount of data produced by us from the beginning of time till 2003 was 5 billion gigabytes. A vast amount of research going on into how best to handle and process huge amounts of data which is generated by different media and social networks. One such idea for processing enormous quantities of data is Google's Map/Reduce. MapReduce is the heart of Hadoop. It is this programming paradigm that allows for massive scalability across hundreds or thousands of servers in a Hadoop cluster. The MapReduce concept is fairly simple to understand for those who are familiar with clustered scale-out data processing solutions. The MapReduce framework is increasingly being used widely to analyze large volumes of data. One of the techniques that framework is join algorithm. Join algorithms can be divided into two groups: Reduce-side join and Map-side join. The aim of our work is to compare existing join algorithms which are used by the MapReduce framework. We have compared Reducer-side merge join and Map-side replication-join in terms of pre-processing, the number of phases involved, whether it is sensitive to data skew, whether there is need for distributed Cache, memory overflow.


A facile approach of using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was proposed to address the durability performance demands of natural rubber (NR)/ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) blends and to protect them from the deleterious effects of the service environment including ozone, chemicals, abrasion, and cyclic loading. The introduction of HNTs substantially improved the stability of NR/EPDM when exposed to ozone (over fourfold enhancement with the addition of 5 phr HNTs). Moreover, the HNT‐filled NR/EPDM vulcanizates offered approximately 66% reduction in the solvent‐mediated swelling in comparison to the unfilled sample. Fatigue life studies showed that the HNT‐reinforced NR/EPDM composite could withstand 30% more cycles to failure than the un‐reinforced NR/EPDM blend. The effect of various HNT loading on the morphological, mechanical, physical, and rheological properties of nanocomposite vulcanizates based on NR/EPDM was also investigated. The morphological investigations revealed that the introduction of HNT into the NR/EPDM rubber matrix caused a rough morphology in fracture surface and a well‐dispersed structure was obtained with the addition of up to 5 phr of HNTs. These findings were further supported by rheological, mechanical, and thermodynamical results.


Big data analytics with its intricate insights is enabling service providers to better gauge customer needs. It is equally delivering information about the competitive landscape of services to customers. The frontline employees (FLEs) responsible for managing the diversified needs of these 'informed customers' face multiple challenges. The FLEs need not only information about their products/ services but also about markets and customers. A systematic review of the extant literature of big data and FLEs has helped to understand that FLEs need empowerment to adapt their services in high contact big data driven services. Empowerment as a concept is well known in management and psychology literature. The empowerment construct has predominantly remained to consisting of a single, and in a few cases, of multiple items. To facilitate effective service delivery in high contact big data driven services, FLEs need empowerment on multiple levels and there exists a significant gap in the literature about these constituent dimensions. This paper, synthesizing the relevant scholarly work, proposes a conceptual model for the empowerment construct. In doing so, this paper makes an important theoretical and managerial contribution towards the understanding of FLEs' empowerment and its relevance in high contact data driven services. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the CENTERIS International Conference on ENTERprise Information System / ProjMAN International Conference on Project MANagement / HCist International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +61-430-022-130; fax: +61-2-8819-4357. E-mail address: email@example.com Available onlin at www.sci ncedirect.com


The American College of Surgeons (ACS) field triage guidelines are used to determine which patients require prompt transport to a trauma center andwhich can be transported to a lower-level facility. The objective of this report was to conduct a literature review to determine the sensitivity andspecificity of the ACS field triage criteria andeach step of the criteria. The bibliographic database MEDLINE was used to conduct a literature search for relevant English-language articles published between 1966 and2005. The search was conducted by combining the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) "emergency medical services," "triage," and"wounds andinjury." To ensure that the search was comprehensive, the reference sections of all selected articles were searched for additional relevant references andsearches by other organizations were reviewed to identify additional relevant articles. The MEDLINE search identified 542 titles. The author reviewed the titles, and107 abstracts were selected for further review. Through the MEDLINE search, the reference section review, andthe review of other searches, 80 articles were identified as relevant. Of those, five studies evaluated the full ACS criteria. Two of these calculated the specificity (8%) and/or sensitivity (95%–97%) of the ACS criteria. The remaining studies looked at the percentage of patients transported or admitted to a trauma center. Three studies looked at the predictive value of the physiologic step, andone of these calculated the sensitivity (56%) andspecificity (86%). Two studies specifically analyzed the anatomic step. One of these calculated the sensitivity (45%). This search found that there is insufficient evidence to support the overall ACS field triage criteria. However, of the various steps, the physiologic andanatomic steps had the best evidence to support them.


In this paper we present some new example of torsion elements in the Chow-groups of projective quadric. For hyperbolic projective quadric X and any 0 6 p < dim(X)/2, the Chow-group of cycles of codimension p (modulo rational equevalence) is a free abelian group generated by the class h of plane section of codimension p,. By transfer arguments it follows, that for arbitrary (smooth) projective quadric, CH(X) = Z · h ⊕ Tors.(CH(X)). On the other hand, for any projective quadric X of dimension more than 2, the Picard group CH(X) is isomorphic to Z ·h, in other words, there is no torsion. The natural question arises: can we extend this result to higher Chow-groups. Basic here is the following conjecture due to N. Karpenko: Let Xφ be a projective quadric, defined by quadratic form φ of dimension n over a field of characteristic not 2. Conjecture 1 ([7], Conjecture 0.1). For any p, if n is sufficiently large, then CH(Xφ) = Z · h . This conjecture was supported by the following computations: Theorem ([6], Theorem 6.1; [8], Theorem 6.1, Theorem 8.5). Under above notations, (a) CH(Xφ) = Z, for n > 8; (b) CH(Xφ) = Z, for n > 12; (c) CH(Xφ) = Z, for n > 24;


Green tea extract is anticipated to improve storage stability of coriander sauce and hence employed in the development of sauces; S1 carrying 3% of conventional extract (epigallocatechin gallate; EGCG 65.88 ± 2.38 mg/g D.W.) and S2 containing 2.56% of supercritical CO2 extract (EGCG 77.23 ± 2.86 mg/g D.W.) then compared against control (S0). During storage (4°C), numerous parameters were studied at Days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Maximum polyphenols (mg GAE/100 ml) were observed in S2 (224.40 ± 5.82) followed by S1 (208.31 ± 5.03) and S0 (50.11 ± 1.71) and similar trend was noted for antioxidant assays. Further, tea extracts prominently reduced synersis in sauces, i.e., 42.79%–47.31% in relevance to control and no abnormality was reported in color traits. Likewise, deviations in physicochemical aspects of sauce during storage were considerably (p <.05) delayed by either extract. Acceptance index of the treated sauces was higher, i.e., 77.52% ± 2.77% (S1) and 78.91% ± 2.83% (S2) than control (75.66% ± 2.64%). Practical applications: Green tea extracts, predominantly supercritical CO2 extract, have proven its preservative role in coriander sauce by delaying anomalous changes that may arise during storage without imparting any off-sensory characteristics in the final product. Besides, inclusion of green tea in coriander sauce compliments each other as green tea extract enhances the functionality and quality of coriander sauce, whereas acidic environment of the sauce facilitates in stabilizing green tea polyphenols and flavonoids. Based on health benefits and improved storage stability of the resultant product, the relevant stakeholders should need to bring this innovative idea to reality.


These significant differences in concentrations of prostaglandin E and 6-keto-prostaglandin Fl, were also found at the time of operation (p < 0 001) and at 24 and 48 hours after delivery (p < 0 0005). Analysis of the variance within the groups of women with and without eclampsia by the Friedman procedure indicated that there was no significant change within the two groups in any of the prostaglandins during the time of the study. Prostaglandin concentrations in amniotic fluid-Median concentrations (and ranges) of prostaglandins E, F, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F,, in amniotic fluid were 1-64 (1-12-3 07) nmol/l (57 9 (39-5-108 4 ng/ 100 ml), 0 55 (0 44-0-75) nmol/l (26 5 (21 2-36-1) ng/100 ml), and 0 51 (0 25-1-25) nmol/l (18 9 (9 3-46-4) ng/100 ml) respectively in patients and 2 90 (1 41-4 33) nmol/l (102 4 (49 8-152-8) ng/100 ml), 0 81 (0-38-1 81) nmol/l (40 8 (18-3-87-1) ng/100 ml, and 0-41 (0-120 92) nmol/l (15 5 (4 5-34 5) ng/100 ml) in controls. Thus there were no significant differences in amniotic fluid concentrations between patients and controls.


Variational methods are a class of symplectic-momentum integrators for ODEs. Using
these schemes, it is shown that the classical Newmark algorithm is structure preserving in a
non-obvious way, thus explaining the observed numerical behavior. Modifications to variational
methods to include forcing and dissipation are also proposed, extending the advantages
of structure preserving integrators to non-conservative systems.