Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute severe lung disease commonly encountered in intensive care units. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) could offer effective lung protective ventilation by delivering very low tidal volumes around constant relatively higher continuous distending pressure (CDP) at frequencies of 3 to 15 Hz. Optimization of CDP is not an easy task and it is titrated empirically in the clinical practice. The aim of this study is to investigate if the level of CDP affects the shape of the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) response of the organism to the CDP stepwise changes. Ten pigs were used in this study. In order to mimic ARDS, surfactant deficiency was induced by a double or triple lung lavage. Every 10 minutes, CDP was stepwise increased by 2 cmH2O. Increase in CDP was stopped when severe signs of hemodynamics deterioration were observed and then, CDP was stepwise decreased by 2 cmH2O to its initial value. For each CDP step performed, we fitted PaO2 with a one-term power model as follows: y=a·x b, where x is the time, a is the amplitude of the model and exponent b reflects the shape of the model. For values of PaO2200mmHg, PaO2 course follows a shape modelled exclusively by a root function. It is not possible to describe a relationship between the shape of the PaO2 course and the values of CDP. When alveoli are not recruited at all, oxygenation is more sensitive to changes in lung volume and aeration and thus, PaO2 grows or drops rapidly following linear and/or quadratic functions. Instead of, when alveoli are open and recruited changes in PaO2 are less sensitive to minor changes in lung aeration and thus, PaO2 grows and drops slower following only root function. The CDP level does not affect the response of organism in terms of shape change of PaO2, probably due to the fact that the recruitment occurs at different values in each pig.


Ureidosilanes have been found to be active monomers for the preparation of siloxane polymers by step-growth polymerization reactions at low temperatures. For this purpose, very high monomer purities are required, and the present investigation was concerned with the purity and stability of bis(1,1-tetramethylene-3-phenylureido)dimethylsilane prepared from the diaminosilane and phenyl isocyanate. Preparation of the monomer by this reaction at −20°C gave directly a product of very high purity suitable for the preparation of very high molecular weight polymers. Pseudo-first-order rate constants were obtained on the hydrolysis of the monomer during synthesis and storage.


This paper proposes an intuitively appealing approach to function approximation that yields both parsimonious functional representations and optimal predictive models. Along the lines of the median probability model, the concept of prevalence is introduced and defined in terms of the posterior model probabilities. The posterior distribution of model size is used as the main device to determine the most probable number of basis elements. The model of size equal to the optimal number of basis functions is formed using the most prevalent basis elements. The resulting model, called prevalence model, is shown to be optimal predictive. The median probability model turns out to be a specific instance the more general and more adaptive prevalence model. The proposed method uses the sample path obtained from the simulation of a birth-and-death process to estimate the prevalence of the basis elements appearing in the expansion of the approximating function. The most probable number of basis elements is also estimated from the same sample path. It is interesting to note that despite using simple non-sparsity inducing priors, the method yields representations that are substantially more parsimonious than the ones obtained from methods based on sparsity-inducing priors. The framework is fairly general, and naturally lends itself to both traditional basis function expansion and the now popular kernel expansion. Several examples are provided to illustrate the performance of the scheme, along with comparisons to existing methods such as the support vector machine and the relevance vector machine.


Level density ρ ( E, Q ) is derived within the micro-macroscopic approximation (MMA) for a system of strongly interacting Fermi particles with the energy E and additional integrals of motion Q , in line with several topics of the universal and fruitful activity of A.S. Davydov. Within the extended Thomas Fermi and semiclassical periodic orbit theory beyond the Fermi-gas saddle-point method we obtain ρ ∝ I ν ( S ) /S ν , where I ν ( S ) is the modified Bessel function of the entropy S . For small shell-structure contribution one finds ν = κ/ 2 + 1, where κ is the number of additional integrals of motion. This integer number is a dimension of Q , Q = { N, Z, ... } for the case of two-component atomic nuclei, where N and Z are the numbers of neutron and protons, respectively. For much larger shell structure contributions, one obtains, ν = κ/ 2 + 2. The MMA level density ρ reaches the well-known Fermi gas asymptote for large excitation energies, and the finite micro-canonical combinatoric limit for low excitation energies. The additional integrals of motion can be also the projection of the angular momentum of a nuclear system for nuclear rotations of deformed nuclei, number of excitons for collective dynamics, and so on. Fitting the MMA total level density, ρ ( E, Q ), for a set of the integrals of motion Q = { N, Z } , to experimental data on a long nuclear isotope chain for low excitation energies, one obtains the results for the inverse level-density parameter K , which differs significantly from those of neutron resonances, due to shell, isotopic asymmetry, and pairing effects.


Issues of counteracting the legalization of proceeds from crime (money laundering) and the financing of terrorism (CML / FT) are urgent in the context of crime control. The inflow of money from criminal activities has a destructive impact on the state and the society, poses a threat to the economy and the social sphere. This negative process results in the disruption of market economy mechanisms, the criminalization of the production and trade sectors, the emergence of financial imbalances and the increase in the inflation pressure. The problem is urgent for Russia as well, so the development of effective solutions, including legal ones, is one of the priorities for researchers. In the modern context, the digitization of economy creates new opportunities for criminal groups, who use virtual technologies, crypto-currencies and other opportunities of the digital environment to finance terrorism and legalize criminal proceeds. The article presents the results of studying the condition and dynamics of legal regulation in the sphere of CML / FT. They include the qualitative description of the legal basis for CML / FT in Russia, doctrinal conclusions regarding the structure and key features of the Russian model of legal regulation of CML / FT, modern trends and the direction of its future development, predictions regarding the legal basis for CML / FT, setting fundamental and practical goals of the legal doctrine to provide scientific support for CML / FT, as well as legal solutions developed by the author. Besides, the author outlines and supports specific directions of reforming the Russian legislation with the goal of brining it in accord with the challenges of the digitization of economy and the emergence of new types of crime.


Keywords: Reforme territoriale ; Region ; Pays ; Metropole ; Espace local ; France Reference EPFL-CHAPTER-204942 Record created on 2015-02-01, modified on 2016-08-09


Evaluation of potential reaction prior to administration of drugs is important to avoid an adverse reaction. Animal models are necessary for this process. In this study, we compared the difference between Sprague Dawley (SD) rat and rhesus monkey in response to Houttuynia cordata injection to evaluate this process. We found that the allergic reaction of the rhesus monkey was much stronger at a low dose (7.2 mg/kg) as compared with the SD rat. The IgE and histamine were significantly increased in the Houttuynia cordata injection groups, as were the expressions of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 in the Houttuynia cordata distillation groups, but all these factors did not result in changes in the SD rat. These findings indicate that the rhesus monkeys may be a better choice for testing drug allergic reaction using the Houttuynia Cordata injection process.


In this paper, we perform a comparison of state-of-the-art inverse design strategies for a high-speed link. We take into account three machine learning architectures: (1) traditional fully-connected neural networks, (2) conditional generative adversarial networks and (3) invertible neural networks. The metrics for evaluation include quantitative mean-squared-errors on the test set as well as qualitative posterior distributions' similarity to the actual posterior distributions. We find that, on average, invertible neural networks have minimum mean-squared error for the input design tuple and their posterior shapes are in accordance with the actual distributions.


Aspergillosis is an opportunistic mycosis caused by fungi in the genus Aspergillus, mostly A. fumigatus and A. flavus.
Typical entry portals in primary cutaneous aspergillosis include burns, trauma sites, surgical wounds, intravenous
catheters, and macerated skin in underlying occlusive dressings. In individuals who are immunocompromised, the
dissemination risk is significant. Skin findings range from firm papules and necrotic papulonodules to hemorrhagic
bullae and ulcers. The prognosis is poor but improves when the patient is no longer neutropenic or when
corticosteroids are discontinued. Localized primary cutaneous aspergillosis can be excised surgically, followed by
oral antifungal administration. For the first-line treatment of pulmonary invasive aspergillosis, isavuconazole and
voriconazole are the preferred agents, whereas liposomal amphotericin B is supported moderately.


In this paper I will attempt to characterise the difference between ontological and non-ontological categories for the sake of a better understanding of the subject matter of ontology. My account of ontological categories defines them as equivalence classes of a certain family of equivalence relations that are determined by ontological relations. As a result, the demarcation problem for ontological categories turns out to be dependent on the demarcation problem for ontological relations.


Abstract (−) Huperzine A is a bioactive alkaloid from Huperzia serrata (Lycopodiaceae) used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. High yielding (−) huperzine A species is of interest for mass propagation since it grows slowly in temperate countries. The content of (−) huperzine A from temperate countries was reported but none reported from tropical species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of (−) huperzine A from tropical club mosses and further identify a high yielding species. Club mosses from Lycopodiaceae family were collected from Peninsular Malaysia. The collected club mosses were dried, pulverized and extracted with methanol. A gradient reverse phase HPLC-photodiode array detector method with increasing amount of methanol in 0.01 % trifluoroacetic acid was developed. The calibration curve was linear from 5 to 100 μgmL −1 with correlation coefficient, r 2 , of 0.998 1. The precision for both intra- and inter-day peak area were between 0.48% to 1.24 % and 0.95% to 3.85 %, respectively. The recovery of the method was between 99.8% to 103.8 %. Though geographically segregated, (−) huperzine A content in Huperzia phlegmaria and H.carinata found in the tropics was highest and similar to species in Australasia. Both species may provide a good source of (−) huperzine A.


Purpose : To investigate the mechanism of the intracellular glutathione elevation induced by low-dose gamma-radiation. Materials and methods : RAW 264.7 cells were irradiated with 1-400 cGy γ-rays. Intracellular total glutathione content was determined by DTNB-recycling assay. Expression of mRNA for intracellular glutathione synthesis-related enzymes with or without treatment with various inhibitors of second messengers of gene expression were examined by Northern blot analysis. Results : Expression of mRNA for γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), a rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo glutathione synthesis pathway, was elevated much more than that of glutathione reductase (GR) mRNA after exposure to 50 cGy γ-rays. The low-dose γ-ray-induced γ-GCS mRNA elevation was abolished by inhibitors of protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinase, as well as by the calcium ion channel blocker, nifedipine. Calcium-related reagents, such BAPTA/AM and EGTA, chelators of intra- and extracellular Ca 2+ respectively, an...


In this study "aza savma and aza verme" tradition which constitutes all of after death applications is investigated. The applications regarding this tradition are intended for both God forgiveness of all worships that the death coludn't act in his health and the gratification of the soul.


Introduction Bransford, Darling-Hammond, and LePage (2005) indicate that quality instruction requires teachers to navigate learner characteristics, content knowledge, and pedagogy through social and political climates. In the past 30 years, every state has increased requirements for teachers to enter the profession (Zumwalt & Craig, 2005). Yet assessing effective teachers remains difficult; although teacher inputs play a role, so too do student prior achievement and family and community norms (Fallon, 2006; Hanushek & Rivken, 2006, 2010). Traditionally, assessment of teacher quality relied on standardized testing, peer and administrator observations, student achievement, and related activities. Yet many aspects of effective teaching remain elusive with these assessments (Cochran-Smith & the Boston College Evidence Team, 2009; Nazier, 1997). Standardized test scores aligned to state and national standards are common measures of teacher and school quality in the United States. They allow administrators and policy makers to track and compare student achievement over time. They also certify that teachers have sufficient background knowledge in specified subject areas. However, standardized tests measure content knowledge while minimally considering classroom practice, student background, or individual needs and circumstances. To complement standardized subject assessment exams, teacher education programs provide multiple field experiences for purposes of guidance, methods exploration, and student accountability. Shaping and measuring the success of these programs is difficult and costly. Placements are often made at schools located several miles from university settings. Cooperating teachers and mentors are sometimes selected on availability rather than quality. Periodic observations require large time commitments, may interrupt classroom dynamics, and are limited in number. In-service teachers face similar challenges. Although support personnel reside within local schools, they often have their own teaching or administrative responsibilities and may lack content knowledge to judge instructional quality (Kelley, 2004; West, Rich, Shepherd, Recesso, & Hannafin, 2009). To better measure teacher effectiveness, Fallon (2006) and the National Research Council (2005) suggest that researchers turn to longitudinal, quantitative studies focused on student achievement. However, others question the type and quality of evidence these studies reveal. Cochran-Smith and the Boston College Evidence Team (2009) claim that value questions embedded within educational research may not be addressed with traditional quantitative methods and recommend using multiple approaches to explore teacher effectiveness. Cochran-Smith (2006) suggested that researchers must consider the purpose of evidence collection, who collected it, and under what contexts as they examine teacher effectiveness. These circumstances guide researchers on the quality and usefulness of evidence collections. In addition to these concerns, teachers often lack proper training to conduct rigorous, scientific research and lack access to effective sample sizes (Fallon, 2006; Rippon & Martin, 2006). A teacher's primary responsibility is instruction. It is doubtful that teachers can conduct advanced quantitative research while simultaneously meeting students' learning needs. Researchers who possess these credentials are often distanced from classroom settings and may fail to capture relevant and adequate measures of classroom instruction. While not minimizing the importance of evidence identified through complex quantitative studies, these approaches are unrealistic for most teachers, who must rely on their own devices for classroom evaluation and development. Alternative evidence collection, organization, and analysis methods are needed. The purpose of this article is to propose a framework of evidence selection and organization through portfolio development and provide guidance for evidence selection that accommodates valid formative practices in classroom settings. …


The design of exhibition room of Suzhou International Center was comparted to 4 smoke compartments with smoke-proof pendant wall and each compartment had a smoke exhaust blower.Early warning air sampling system and closed auto-sprinkler system were used in the exhibition room.Set the HRR with 30 MW and 10 MW to simulate fire with FDS for 900 s.Results:Auto-sprinkler system could control the fire in exhibition room.The simulation by PathFinder shown that people could evacuate form landing platform when the exit of pre-hall was jammed or evacuate from all exits before tenability limit.


The scarcity and regular increase in the price of petroleum products in Nigeria has significant negative effects on businesses, the transportation sector, and the economy as a whole. Businesses suffer as they have to spend more on transportation and energy costs, which reduces their profit margins. This increase in costs is often passed on to consumers, leading to inflation and a decrease in consumer purchasing power. The transportation sector is also heavily affected by petroleum product scarcity and price increases, as fuel costs are a significant part of their operational expenses. This leads to higher transportation costs for goods and passengers, which ultimately affects the prices of goods and services across the economy. Furthermore, the Nigerian economy is heavily reliant on oil revenue, and any disruptions in the production and distribution of petroleum products can have severe consequences for the government's revenue and overall economic growth. The way forward for Nigeria is to diversify its economy and reduce its dependence on oil as its primary source of revenue. This can be achieved by investing in other sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and technology. Additionally, the government can work towards improving the country's infrastructure, particularly in the area of transportation, to reduce the impact of fuel scarcity and price increases on businesses and the economy. Finally, there needs to be an increased focus on developing and implementing alternative and renewable energy sources to reduce the country's dependence on fossil fuels.


1. Neurotransmitters (noradrenaline, NA; chicken II luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone, LHRH) and activators of G proteins (GTP‐gamma‐S and AlF3) partially inhibit calcium current in bullfrog sympathetic neruones. Activation of the remaining current is slowed and shifted to more positive voltages. 2. The N‐type calcium current appears to be the type modulated, since approximately 90% of peak current is blocked by omega‐conotoxin (omega CgTx) and modulation is not affected by nisoldipine. 3. Calcium current at relatively negative voltages (‐30 to ‐50 mV) is resistant to transmitter modulation. The current at such voltages is also resistant to omega CgTx, suggesting that it results from a different type of calcium channel. 4. The omega CgTx‐resistant current includes dihydropyridine (DHP)‐sensitive and DHP‐resistant components. The omega CgTx‐ and DHP‐resistant current is inhibited by transmitter agonist, but the DHP‐sensitive (L‐type) current is not. 5. In cells dialysed with a low concentration of calcium buffer (0.1 mM‐BAPTA), transmitters still inhibit N‐current incompletely. However, L‐current was partially inhibited (approximately 10%) by LHRH, NA and the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine‐M (OXO‐M).


1. To study the origin of ischaemic myocardial depolarization, the diastolic surface potential ‐ T‐Q depression‐was correlated with subepicardial extracellular K+ accumulation during serial episodes of widespread ischaemia in open‐chest dogs, and in isolated, blood‐perfused canine hearts. Placement of the reference electrode on a small island of non‐ischaemic myocardium simplified the interpretation of the T‐Q potentials. 2. In some experiments, changes in resting potential in the ischaemic zone were recorded using a 'contact' monophasic action potential (MAP) electrode. The change in MAP resting potential was linearly related to T‐Q depression for a wide range of experimental conditions (R greater than 0.98). T‐Q depression is therefore a linear index of depolarization in superficial myocardial cells. 3. The validity of T‐Q depression as a 'measure' of local cellular depolarization was further tested by infiltration of isotonic KCl into the superficial myocardium subjacent to the ischaemic zone electrode. Resulting T‐Q depression was 2‐ to 3‐fold larger than the maximum values obtained in ischaemia; and the ratio of T‐Q depression to the amplitude of the accompanying monophasic potential was consistent with the assumption that KCl had fully depolarized the underlying myocardium (delta Vm = 89 mV). KCl prevented (i.e. occluded) further changes in the T‐Q potential during ischaemia. KCl did not have these effects if it was introduced at sites more remote from the electrode (greater than 4 mm). 4. Ischaemic T‐Q depression was drastically accelerated by increasing the heart rate from 90 to 180 beats/min and was further accelerated by arterial infusion of CaCl2. These effects were most striking during the first minute of ischaemia. 5. In contrast, the above manoeuvres produced little acceleration of subepicardial K+ accumulation. After CaCl2 infusion, large ischaemic potentials, severe conduction impairment, and arrhythmias could be observed when K+ activity was almost normal (aK = 4.0‐4.5 mM). 6. T‐Q depression was larger in vivo than in isolated hearts, both absolutely and relative to K+ accumulation. 7. Based on the reproducible amplitude of ischaemic epicardial potential‐estimates of cellular depolarization (delta Vm) could be obtained, which were compared with the concurrent change in K+ electrode potential (delta EK) for each experimental condition. 8. Estimated depolarization was nearly identical to delta EK in isolated hearts under basal conditions. However, depolarization significantly exceeded delta EK during rapid pacing, CaCl2 infusion, or during paced occlusions performed in vivo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)


The CMV promoter driven lacZ reporter gene (pcDNA-lacZ) was constructed and used for DNA immunization study. The expression of the lacZ gene was confirmed in vitro using RTG-2 cell line before using for in vivo study in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). In the dose response study, the maximum expression of the lacZ gene was found in the group injected with 5 of the plasmid DNA. Kinetic study showed a significantly increased expression of gene at 7 days after injection. Effects of DNA vaccine on specific and nonspecific immune responses such as antibody and NO production were studied and the significant effect was found in olive flounder injected with 10 and 15 DNA (sub optimal dose for lacZ gene expression). Two pro inflammatory cytokine genes, and , were also found to be up regulated in the muscle injected with the plasmid, suggesting an induction of local inflammatory response.


The statement of A.F. Pentecost that "it is an established fact that 1 or more terminations of pregnancy are liable to result in more women coming in at 26 weeks with ruptured membranes" needs to be challenged. The study he quotes to support his view indicates that 7 out of 8 women who had premature rupture of the membranes had previously been aborted of pregnancies exceeding 10 weeks' gestation and most likely with the traumatic techniques in use at that time. In the 1960s Hegar dilators of larger than Size 12 were used in the majority of cases, and dilation to such a degree was likely to result in frequent damage to the internal os, causing subsequent cervical incompetence and premature rupture of the membranes. However, the modern aspiration techniques now in use rarely require the cervix to be dilated to more than Hegar 10. Consequently, subsequent premature labor because of cervical incompetence is unlikely. Evidence is frequently quoted from a number of papers in support of Mr. Pentecost's position. It does not seem possible that a clinical trial will ever be conducted that will finally resolve the issue because of the problem of obtaining matched controls, difficulties of follow-up, and variable abortion techniques. Available evidence does indicate that modern legal abortion generally increases the risks of prematurity in a subsequent pregnancy. The remaining question is whether the reduction in the incidence of low birth weight can be ascribed to legal abortion.


A new method for forming composite turning-point (or other qualitative) forecasts is proposed. Rather than forming composite forecasts by the standard Bayesian approach with weights proportional to each model's posterior odds, weights are assigned to the individual models in proportion to the probability of each model's having the correct turning-point prediction. These probabilities are generated by logit models estimated with data on the models' past turning-point forecasts. An empirical application to gross national product/gross domestic product forecasting of 18 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries demonstrates the potential benefits of the procedure


Approximate computing is a new design paradigm that exploits the <italic>intrinsic error resilience</italic> exhibited by emerging applications to significantly improve their energy efficiency and performance. Prior work in this domain has proposed approximation techniques targeting either the computational subsystem or the memory subsystem. For the first time, this letter proposes a methodology to perform synergistic approximations across the computation and memory subsystems together that results in a significant improvement in energy consumption compared to the case when the subsystems are approximated independently. We implemented our proposed methodology using an Altera Stratix IV GX FPGA based Terasic TR4-230 development board containing a 1GB DDR3 DRAM module, which executes three error-resilient benchmarks. Experimental results demonstrate energy improvements in the range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.05\boldsymbol {\times }$ </tex-math></inline-formula><monospace>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.45\boldsymbol {\times }$ </tex-math></inline-formula></monospace> for minimal loss in application quality (<monospace><1%</monospace>). Compared to individual approximations, our technique achieves an additional <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.6\boldsymbol {\times }$ </tex-math></inline-formula><monospace>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.35\boldsymbol {\times }$ </tex-math></inline-formula></monospace> energy savings for the same quality specifications.


Summary Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with the most common sexually transmitted infections. It is well documented that high-risk (HR)-HPVtypes are etiologically associated with some cancers. The aim of the study was to investigate HPV16-DNApositivity and prevalence of Ig Gantibody against HPV16 in patients with laryngeal carcinoma and precancerous lesions of cervix uteri in Pleven region, Bulgaria. Material/Methods: We performedacross-sectional study and investigated clinical materials. Attached is real-time PCR-analysis for detection of HPV16-DNA. HPVspecific antibody response by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for detection and quantification of specific Ig Gantibodies in serum were used. Results: For the six-month period, 30 samples were collected and tested. Fourteen of them were found in patients with carcinoma of the larynx and sixteen - in patients with various lesions of cervix uteri.We found that six patients (42.8%) in the first group and eight patients (50%) in the second group were HPV16-DNA-positive. Different age groups were affected. The sera analyzed in this study showed that seven patients (50%) with carcinoma of the larynx were seropositive of whom four (57%) were males. Fourteen of the females with dysplasia (88%) were seropositive. Matching DNApositivity and antibody response were found in 29%of the patients with laryngeal cancer. The match was found in 50%of the females with cervical dysplasia. Conclusions: Real-time PCRisarapid, cost-effective method for detection of HPVs.Ahigh level of seropositivity was found in the two groups of patients.


Multilevel converters (MLCs) have been increasingly adopted in both low-power low-voltage systems and high-power high-voltage applications. In recent years, many new topologies have been proposed, and a few of them have been successfully implemented in industry. While searching for new topologies, synthesis and derivation principles of multilevel topologies are critical for converter design. In this article, a generalized synthesizing approach of multilevel topologies is proposed and analyzed with the considerations of the voltage source, current source, and matrix-type MLCs. Based on the proposed method, the topological relationship among these three types MLCs is revealed through the stage-based common circuit structure. In addition to the graphic-based approach, a mathematical approach is proposed for representing the MLC topologies in this work. The matrix-based model is utilized to unify and verify the derivation and simplification process in a systematic way through many MLC examples in this article. Finally, demonstration examples are presented to show how the proposed principles can be used to derive new topologies covering five-level to nine-level converters. With the ever-increasing research efforts on MLCs, it is hoped that this article can provide a new approach that inspires the development of more interesting and practical MLC topologies for various applications.


Due to metadata errors, a number of deaths were left out of the survival analyses. This affected mainly mortality rate, which was higher (182 patients (83%) in the updated dataset). The patient group with missing death-dates was not significantly correlated to any of the variables predicting survival, and can in that regard be considered a random sample from the cohort. Thus, the most important change is that the total mortality is somewhat higher than reported in the paper, but the main findings and conclusions remain unchanged. In the multivariate analysis, LVEF and anticoagulant use were significant independent predictors of survival, whereas gender did not reach statistical significance. These additional data do not alter the main message of the paper, and except from the statement that gender was an independent predictor of survival, the conclusion and main findings of the study remain unchanged.


Angular distributions for the /sup 48/Ca(/sup 12/C,/sup 11/B)/sup 49/Sc and /sup 48/Ca(/sup 12/C,/sup 13/C)/sup 47/Ca transfer reactions at E/sub lab/ = 45 MeV are presented. The data are analyzed in the context of the effective Q-value model, which has previously been applied successfully to /sup 16/O induced reactions on /sup 48/Ca. The model accounts equally well for the observed behaviors of the /sup 12/C+ /sup 48/Ca system, provided the influence of the strong inelastic transition to the first excited 2/sup +/ (4.43 MeV) state in /sup 12/C is taken into account.


The fishery and stock structure of Thunnus albacares off Andhra waters along western Bay of Bengal was studied from 2012 to 2015. The average annual landing of the species during the study period was 5,952 t contributing 32.9 % of the total tuna landings. Gill nets contributed 59 % of the catches, followed by hook and lines (34 %). Von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 196.35 [1 – e –0.23 ] and natural mortality, fishing mortality and total mortality was 0.4, 0.71 and 1.11 with exploitation ratio of 0.64 and exploitation rate of 0.43. Annual average stock, standing stock biomass and maximum sustainable yield were 13,879 t, 8,383 t and 4,653 t, respectively. Yield per recruit and biomass per recruit estimated were 2584.7 g and 3640.4 g. The exploitation rate, yield and yield per recruit indicate the stock of T. albacares to be overexploited. To sustainably and optimally harvest the species, reduction in the present fishing effort by 60 % is necessary, thereby increasing the yield by 35.31 %. With overcapacity in the number of gillnetters and hook and line units operating in the waters off Andhra Pradesh, implementation of the recommended fleet size proposed by Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute by means of buy-back measures and strict adherence to Minimum Legal Size at harvest would ensure sustainable and optimum exploitation of the resource.


In this study, a novel material discrimination and propagation time estimation method for buried objects using a microwave radar has been considered. In the present paper, a simultaneous evaluation method of a material and a propagation time based on the cross correlation processing is proposed. As a result of verifications on a material discrimination, the proposed method has a high accuracy discrimination performance for metal objects and has an enough discrimination performance in shallow location for resin objects has been confirmed. In addition, on a propagation time estimation, a robustness of estimated propagation times is considerably improved by using the proposed method.


With Photoshop, we can conveniently change static photos into animated ones, such as to ride on a swing, to blink, gradual changes of people, etc. It is very easy to learn and use this because the method is simple.


Background: Diabetes is a chronic illness which requires continuous self-care. Appropriate self-care can reduce the risks of developing complications and improve the Quality of Life (QoL). This study aimed to examine self-care and its association with quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in East Azerbaijan, Iran, in 2018.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population included all patients with type 2 diabetes in East Azerbaijan, in 2018. 310 patients were included using consecutive sampling. The summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities  Questionnaire (SDSCA) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-12) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS22.  Descriptive statistics such as mean, Standard Deviation (SD), frequency, and percentage were applied to describe the characteristics of the respondents. The Spearman correlation, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean scores of self-care and QoL were estimated to be 42.14 ± 61.63 and 53.25 ± 51.73, respectively. The highest mean of self-care and QoL was related to medications and social functioning which were 96.03 and 68.34. There was no correlation between the total mean score of self-care and QoL (P-value = 0.65). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between medication (insulin), exercise, blood-glucose testing and the total score of QoL (P-value < 0 .05).
Conclusion: The results indicated that self-care in patients with diabetes is poor, and the patients' QoL is moderate. Therefore, it is suggested that managers of health centres take appropriate measures such as educational programs and executive interventions to enhance self-care in patients with diabetes. Moreover, to increase QoL, more attention should be paid to promote exercise and diet behaviours.


HYPERTENSION PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE COMORBIDITIES ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE THEIR BP CONTROLLED WITHIN THE VA HEALTHCARE SYSTEM: UNFOUNDED CONCERNS ABOUT PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE Pay-for-performance for chronic medical conditions, such as hypertension, is widely cited as an important step in potential health care reform. By re-aligning financial incentives, pay-for-performance has the potential to improve quality and reward practitioners who provide that quality, but it also has the potential to encourage unintended consequences that could negatively impact overall quality of care. One concern is that practitioners who see more complicated patients with multiple comorbid conditions will have greater difficulty in achieving adequate blood pressure (BP) control. If true, this could lead to the unintended consequence of having practitioners, who provide care to the most complicated and difficult patients, be financially penalized. In the extreme, one could even set up a perverse incentive for ''patient shopping'' where practitioners would be incentivized to seek out patients with uncomplicated hypertension and resist attending to those who have more difficult-to-control disease. While pay-for-performance in not currently a part of the Veterans Administration (VA) health care delivery system, the goal of this analysis from 8 VA centers across the United States was to determine the impact of different coexisting chronic medical conditions on measured quality of care for hypertension. Using the VA National Patients Care database, VA investigators retrospectively identified veterans with documented hypertension who received primary care at 1 of 8 VA facilities in 2005. Using diagnosis and procedure codes as well as laboratory and pharmacy data, the investigators identified specific coexisting chronic medical conditions for each patent with hypertension. These diagnoses were termed either concordant or discordant with the diagnosis of hypertension. The concordant conditions chosen (somewhat arbitrarily) were diabetes, dyslipidemia, and ischemic heart disease. The discordant conditions (also chosen somewhat arbitrarily) were arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and depression. For the purposes of this analysis, patients with hypertension were subsequently divided into 4 groups: (1) no other comorbid conditions, (2) only hypertension-concordant conditions, (3) only hypertension-discordant conditions, and (4) both hypertension-concordant and hypertension-discordant conditions. The primary objective of the study was to determine and compare the rates of BP control and quality care for hypertension in each of these 4 groups. Quality care for hypertension was defined as BP at the index visit of <140 ⁄90 mm Hg or any one of the following occurring within 6 months of the index visit: initiation of an antihypertensive medication, increasing the dose of current antihypertensive medications, adding an additional antihypertensive medication, patient receiving at least 4 antihypertensive medications, or follow-up BP <140 ⁄90 mm Hg. The same BP goal of <140 ⁄90 mm Hg was used for patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease, in keeping with the VA performance From the Division of General Internal Medicine ⁄ Division of Cardiology, University of Nevada School of Medicine; the Risk Reduction Center, Saint Mary's Regional Medical Center, Reno, NV; the Primary Care Service Line, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center; and the Division of General Internal Medicine ⁄ Geriatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC Address for correspondence: Michael J. Bloch, MD, Risk Reduction Center, Saint Mary's Regional Medical Center, 645 North Arlington Street, Suite 460, Reno, NV 89503 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The aim of the article is to examine the possibilities of modeling electrical properties of cardiac cell membrane using the Cole impedance model containing a fractional-order capacitor. A method is presented to determine the parameters of the model based on the current transient response to a voltage step applied to the membrane. The method is based on the numerical minimization of the least squares error between the recorded and calculated transient response of the model using the MATLAB function fminsearch. The use of a fractional-order capacitor in the membrane model is found to result in a reduction in the modeling error compared to that of the classic capacitor.


The flow of air and particles and the heat transfer inside a solar heated, open cavity containing a falling cloud of 100 to 1000 micron solid particles have been studied. Two-way momentum and thermal coupling between the particles and the air is included in the analysis along with the effects of radiative transport within the particle cloud, among the cavity surfaces, and between the cloud and the surfaces. The flow field is assumed to be two dimensional with steady mean quantities. The PSI-Cell (particle source in cell) computer code is used to describe the gas-particle interaction. The method of discrete ordinates is used to obtain the radiative transfer within the cloud. The results include the velocity and temperature profiles of the particles and the air. In addition, the thermal performance of the solid particle solar receiver has been determined as a function of the following particle parameters: size, mass flow rate, absorptivity, and infrared scattering albedo. Other parameters which have been varied include the incident solar flux (both magnitude and distribution) and receiver size. A forced flow, applied across the cavity aperture, has also been investigated as a means of decreasing convective heat loss from the cavity. Comparison of themore » results from the model has been made with an experiment performed at the radiant heat facility in Albuquerque. The model has also been used to predict the entrainment of air and the decrease in particle drag which has been observed when measurements were made of particle velocity in a cloud of particles in free fall.« less


Objective:To observe the humoral and celluar immune responses to gene vaccines coding HBV core gene,IL-12 and IL-18 in BALB/c(H-2d)mice.Methods:The DNA vaccine of HBV core antigen,expressing plasmids of IL-12 and IL-18 were immunized intramuscularly injection in BALB/c mice.The levels of anti-HBc(IgG)and its isotypes(IgG1,IgG2a)were detected by ELISA methods.HBcAg specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)activity was measured by LDH release assay.Results:Six weeks after the 1st immunization,the levels of anti-HBc in groups of mice immunized with DNA vaccine of HBV core plus IL-12 or IL-18 or both IL-12 and IL-18 were all much higher than that in group of mice immunized with HBV core DNA vaccine alone(P0.05).The levels of IgG isotype of IgG2a were generally higher than IgG1 in all groups of mice immunized with DNA vaccines mentioned above.By comparing with group P,HBcAg specific cytotoxicity T lymphocytes in group C,C+IL-12,C+IL-18 and C+IL-12+IL-18 increased,and CTL in group C+IL-18 and C+IL-12+IL-18 increased more significantly than group C,especially in C+IL-12+IL-18.Conclusion:The results in this study show that codelivering IL-12 and IL-18 gene with HBcAg DNA vaccine could enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses.


Supplementary data /content/suppl/2013/04/01/rsta.2011.0479.DC1.html "Data Supplement" References /content/371/1991/20110479.full.html#related-urls Article cited in: /content/371/1991/20110479.full.html#ref-list-1 This article cites 30 articles, 1 of which can be accessed free Subject collections (55 articles) mathematical modelling • (134 articles) climatology • (68 articles) atmospheric science • (137 articles) applied mathematics • collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following


This paper provides an in-depth review of research developments on a common phenomenon in oil and gas exploration: sand production. Due to its significant impact to reservoir productivity and production efficiency, sand production has been widely researched in recent years. This paper focused on the review of historical progress in experimental and analytical studies which helped to understand the nature of the sanding mechanism and identify conditions that favour the process. Collation of the experimental data and analytical solutions and formulations enabled the authors to comment on effectiveness and also limitations of the existing experimental protocols and analytical models. Sand production models were then grouped into categories based on initiation of sanding, rate and amount of sanding as well as the failure criterion incorporated in their formulation so that it will be more convenient for future researchers to identify and adopt an appropriate model for their own research. The review also confirms that there are still some aspects of sand production requiring further investigation, and maybe a hybrid approach combining experimental, analytical and numerical methods could be the best solution for future explorations.


Background: Normative databases on abdominal muscles performance in women are essential in the diagnosis of muscu� loskeletal impairment and as reference values for postpartum rehabilitation targets. This study quant ified and investigated the predictors of the static and dynamic abdominal muscles endurance of nulliparous and parous women. Methods: Two hundred and fifty five consenting volunteers (131 nulliparous and 124 parous women) participated in this study. Partial curlup test of the Canadian Standardized T est of Fitness was used to assess Static Abdominal Muscles Endurance (SAME) and Dynamic Abdominal Muscles Endurance (DAME) respectively. Demographic and anthropometric data were also obtained. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The Alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean SAME and DAME of all the participants were 33.90 ±20.78 seconds and 16.26 ±8.76 repetitions respectively. Nulliparous women exhibited significantly higher mean SAME (42.71 ±22.59 vs. 24.59 ±13.50 seconds) and DAME (19.45 ±8.96 vs. 12.88 ±1.17) (p=0.001) values respectively. Both SAME and DAME values differed significantly (p<0.05) across the parous group. The primiparae had higher SAME and DAME values than their multiparae counterparts (p<0.05). A significant correlation existed between SAME and DAME (p=0.001). Age, number of births and anthropometric parameters were significant predictors of SAME and DAME (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study established a set of reference mean values for static and dynamic abdominal muscles endurance in nul� liparous and parous women. Parity was associated with a significant decrease in the static and dynamic abdominal muscles en� durance capacity. Age, high level of adiposity and the number of births were significant predictors of decreased abdominal muscles endurance. It is adduced that decreased abdominal muscles endurance in women may be precipitated and perpetuated by parity.


9Background: The use of biosimilar drugs in the treatment of cancer offer an opportunity for oncology providers to decrease total cost of care while preserving quality. However, it remains unclear ...


Time stood still for a cluster of villages in north-west Delhi in September 1978. A modem nation state-the Delhi Administration-had ignored the customary authority of the malikan-deh in the rural political economy of the Union Territory of Delhi, and had renewed the lease of 123 acres out of the village commons in Kanjhawala, the leader or tika village of the cluster, to a similar number of Harijans in the


The aim of this study was to examine the factor structure of the SIAM through the use of structural equation modeling and present a confirmatory model of the key characteristics of mental imagery in relation to sport.


Let be a commutative semiring. We define a proper ideal of to be 2-absorbing (resp., weakly 2-absorbing) if (resp., ) implies or or . We show that a weakly 2-absorbing ideal with is 2-absorbing. We give a number of results concerning 2-absorbing and weakly 2-absorbing ideals and examples of weakly 2-absorbing ideals. Finally we de ne the concept of 0 - (1-, 2-, 3-)2-absorbing ideals of and study the relationship among these classes of ideals of .


Objective To study the clinical,histopathological and immunohistochemical features of myelogenous leukemia with skin infiltration.Methods This study included 6 patients with myelogenous leukemia with skin infiltration diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2002 to July 2011.The clinical,histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in these patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results Leukemia cutis was the initial presentation in 1 patient,and skin infiltration developed within 4 to 20 months after the diagnosis of leukemia in 5 patients.Of these patients,4 presented with generalized erythematous infiltrated papules,maculopapules or nodules,and 2 with localized masses.Biopsy showed massive infiltration of the dermis and subcutaneous fat layer with tumor cells,most of which were positive for myeloperoxidase,CD43 and CD45,and some for CD15,granzyme B,leukocyte common antigen and CD68.Five patients with acute myelogenous leukemia all died within 60 days to 1 year after skin infiltration occurred.Conclusions In patients with myelogenous leukemia,skin infiltration usually occurs after,but occasionally before,the appearance of abnormal haemogram and myelogram,and the presence of skin infiltration is often associated with a poor prognosis and short survival.Myelogenous leukemia with skin infiltration often presents as generalized or localized nodules or masses with characteristic pathological and histochemical manifestations.

Key words:
Skin manifestations;  Leukemia, myeloid;  Leukemic infiltration


In this paper, we consider the problem of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of sensor gain-phase errors. Under some mild assumptions, we propose a new DOA estimation method based on the eigendecomposition of a covariance matrix which is constructed by the dot product of the array output vector and its conjugate. By combining the new DOA estimation with the conventional gain-phase error estimation, a method is proposed to simultaneously estimate the DOA and gain-phase errors without joint iteration. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed method performs independently of phase errors and thus behaves well regardless of phase errors. However, the resolution capability of the proposed method is lower than that of the method in [A. J. Weiss and B. Friedlander, "Eigenstructure methods for direction finding with sensor gain and phase uncertainties," Circuits Systems Signal Process., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 271-300, 1990], named as the WF method. In order to improve the resolution capability and maintain phase error independence, a combined strategy is developed using the proposed and WF methods. The advantage of the proposed methods is that they are independent of phase errors, leading to the cancellation of phase error calibration during the operation life of an array. Moreover, the proposed methods avoid the problem of suboptimal convergence which occurs in the WF method. The drawbacks of the proposed methods are their high computational complexity and their requirement for the condition that at least two signals are spatially far from each other, and they are not applicable to a linear array. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


At APA's 2016 Annual Meeting, APA President Renee Binder, M.D., outlined key areas in which psychiatrists must take the lead to ensure that people with mental illness get the high-quality care they deserve.


Refugee children experience potentially traumatic events that are distinct from the general population, yet current Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) research addressing these specific adversities is scarce. This study uses qualitative interviews to identify potentially traumatising and protective experiences subjectively perceived as having an effect on the wellbeing of refugee children. Semi-structured interviews with 47 refugee parents and 11 children (aged 8-17) were conducted between November 2018 and January 2020 in the Rhine-Neckar region in Germany. Sampling was based on the official languages of the major nationalities seeking asylum in 2018, which were Arabic: Syria and Iraq, Farsi: Afghanistan and Iran, and Tigrinya: Eritrea. Informed consent from participants was obtained, and discussions focused on potentially traumatising and protective experiences before, during and after flight. Data collection was complete when data saturation occurred. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded and analysed using thematic analysis. We used the socio-ecological model to organise emerging themes that may arise at multiple levels and across all stages of migration. These experiences revolved around eight major themes including six themes reflecting on potentially traumatizing experiences: disruption, rejection, isolation, violence, impediments and affliction; and two themes that reflect on possible protective experiences: security/stability and connections. This study highlights important aspects to consider when examining refugee children's experiences, such as addressing family dispersion, displacement, tough immigration and national policies as ACEs. It is increasingly important to identify these diverse experiences as the refugee population continues to grow and the increased prevalence of poor health outcomes in refugee children has been widely documented. Identifying ACEs specifically relevant for refugee children could contribute to understanding potential pathways and could further serve as a starting point for tailored interventions.


A now rapid method Is presented for the detection and quantltalion of valprolr acid (dipropyl acetic acid), VPA, In biological fluids. The method involves a single microextraction of the familiar acid-tungstate filtrate for the Isolation of VPA. No back extraction or cleanup steps are required. Onemicroliter portions of the microextract are Injected on a short, 3% OV-225 glass column, maintained isothermally at 110~ Detection is accomplished by a standard flame Ionization detector. Quantitation is achieved and precision is maintained through the use of an Internal standard (paramethadione) carried through the procedure.


Abstract Estimates of blood weight ingested by adult male and female Argas persicus and A. hermanni fed on either chickens or pigeons, with the resulting loss of plasma proteins, show the following: Chicken tick, Argas persicus: On each chicken, a mean number of 32.3/50 or 33.3/50 males or females can feed at one time. A mean of 0.06 mg of blood is ingested by a pair of A. persicus, extrapolated to be 37.8 kg blood (1.89 kg plasma protein) loss in chickens in Egypt, if fed just once. On each pigeon, a mean of 15/50 or 31.5/50 males or females can feed at one time consuming 0.02 and 0.044 mg blood (0.001 mg plasma protein by each ), respectively. Pigeon tick, A. hermanni: On each chicken, a mean number of 35.6/50 and 33.5/50 males and females can feed at one time, each pair causing extrapolated loss of 18.9 kg blood (0.189 kg plasma protein) for the chicken industry in Egypt. On each pigeon, a mean number of 27.2/50 and 38.1/50 males and females can feed at a time, consuming 0.01 and 0.03 mg blood (0.002 and 0.004 mg plasma protein), respectively. In conclusion, chicken production in Egypt (approximately 630 million birds) may lose 56.7 kg blood and an estimated 2.08 kg plasma protein per year, if only one pair of A. persicus or A. hermanni feed just once on each bird. The estimated pigeon blood loss for total Egyptian production could not be calculated because of the lack of statistical data on the number of pigeons in production.


To assess the views and likely uptake of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for trisomy 21 among potential service users in the UK.


This article discusses similarities and differences between past EU binding internal liberalization "across the board" in the industrial sector and present so-called voluntary sectoral liberalization of member states of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). While both approaches are second best compared to unconcerted unilateral liberalization, the major disadvantage of liberalization APEC style in the industrial sector consists in introducing distortions between sectors as well as between member states due to rising disparities in timing liberalization under the so-called Bogor target of achieving free trade within APEC in 2010 (2020 for less advanced member states). Reliance on "peer pressure" as the only mechanism to commit member states to liberalization is seen as a weak driving force to make APEC's concerted unilateralism a stepping stone for the successor round of the Uruguay Round. This article proposes a number of measures successfully applied in the EU to give APEC's liberalization more "teeth" to the benefit of multilateral liberalization.


The diffractive photoproduction of vector mesons is usually described considering the two-gluon (Pomeron) exchange, non-diagonal parton distributions and the contribution of the real part to the cross section. In this letter we analyze the diffractive photoproduction of the $\Upsilon$ at HERA using an alternative model, the Color Evaporation Model (CEM), where the cross section is simply determined by the boson-gluon cross section and an assumption for the production of the colorless state. We verify that, similarly to the $J/\Psi$ case, the HERA data for this process can be well described by the CEM. Moreover, we propose the analyzes of the ratio $R = \sigma_{\Upsilon} / \sigma_{J/\Psi}$ to discriminate between the distinct approaches.


Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) refers to a heterogeneous group of viruses belonging to the family Flaviviridae and genus Pestivirus. This family of viruses is one of the main pathogens of cattle and causes signifi cant economic losses to the cattle industry worldwide. BVDV is an enveloped virus with a diameter of 45 nm and single-stranded RNA genome of 12.5 kb. BVDV infection has been associated with a number of clinical manifestations ranging from unapparent infection and mild signs to acute illness and death. In general, calves are more susceptible to BVDV infection, but adult cattle can develop the clinical disease if they are infected with highly virulent virus strains. This study describes clinical, anatomopathological and epidemiological fi ndings of a BVDV outbreak in calves in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Materials, Methods & Results: The outbreak occurred in the town of Agua Clara in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected by the farm manager during a visit to the property. The outbreak involved two Nelore heifer calves that died between 30 and 40 days of age. One calf was taken to the Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy (LAP) of the Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (FAMEZ/ UFMS). The calf was necropsied, and white streaks were seen on the heart, indicating congestive failure with swelling of body cavities and congestive hepatopathy (nutmeg liver). Fragments of different organs and tissues were collected during necropsy, fi xed in 10% formalin for 48 h, embedded in paraffi n, cut in 5 µm sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) or analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the Veterinary Pathology sector of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Histologically, the heart lesion was characterized by fi coagulative necrosis associated with marked infi ltrate (predominantly lymphocytic) and some macrophages. The diagnosis was confi rmed by immunohistochemical agent identifi cation in Peyer's patches within the intestine. Discussion: The diagnosis of congestive heart failure due to myocarditis caused by BVDV infection was confi rmed by the IHC technique. While in other countries, myocarditis caused by natural infection in cattle and experimental infection in goats and sheep due to BVDV has been described, there have been no reports of this clinical and pathological manifestation of the disease in Brazil. The heart lesions observed in the outbreak should be differentiated from similar injuries caused by certain plants and from Neospora caninum infection. In the present study, while the virus was identifi ed by immunohistochemistry only in Peyer's patches, BVDV was considered to be the cause of the cardiac lesions by a process of elimination and because there is no correlation between the amount of viral antigen and the location of histological lesions. Other studies have used the IHC technique to detect BVDV antigen in other tissues of cattle and observed that the antigen is not uniformly distributed among the organs, suggesting that no specifi c organ of aborted fetuses can be chosen for BVDV diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry was shown to be an effi cient method for detecting the antigen in the Peyer's patches of infected calves. This is the fi rst report of nonsuppurative myocarditis associated with BVDV causing perinatal cattle death with agent identifi cation in Mato Grosso do Sul. However, these data are insuffi cient to determine the importance of BVDV infection in terms of reproductive losses in this state because the methodological approaches used were different from those adopted in earlier studies.


Background: Exclusive breastfeeding means giving only breast milk to babies from 30 minutes after birth (after birth) until the age of 6 months, without additional fluids, such as formula milk, fruit juices, water, honey, tea water and solid complementary foods such as fruit, biscuits, milk porridge. , rice porridge and team rice. Mothers who breastfeed exclusively, in principle, will get menstruation longer than those who do not exclusively breastfeed their babies. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the duration of the return of menstruation in mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months in the Working Area of Pekik Nyaring Health Center, Central Bengkulu Regency. Methods: This research was conducted in December 2021 in the working area of the Pekik Nyaring Health Center, Central Bengkulu Regency using a kohort retrospektif.design. Determination of the number of samples using the slovin formula. The sample in this study were mothers who had babies aged 6-12 months in the Pekik Nyaring Health Center Work Area, Central Bengkulu Regency as many as 54 people spread over 7 villages with proportional random sampling technique. Results: The results showed that most of the respondents were under 35 years old with the most education level graduating from high school and most of them working as housewives. Most mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months give exclusive breastfeeding and get menstruation back more than six months. There is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the length of return of menstruation for mothers who have babies 6-12 months in the Working Area of Pekik Nyaring Health Center, Central Bengkulu Regency.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the duration of the return of menstruation in mothers who have babies 6-12 months in the Working Area of Pekik Nyaring Health Center, Central Bengkulu Regency


This revised and expanded edition of "A Basic Course in Anthropological Linguistics" offers a systematic introduction to the field and is intended for introductory linguistics courses that adopt a cultural focus. The text examines the enigmatic phenomenon of language, exploring questions of how it came about, what it is, and what it allows humans to do. An accompanying manual of exercises and activities is also available.


In this paper, Carry Select Adder (CSA) architecture are proposed using parallel prefix adder. Instead of using 4-bit Ripple Carry Adder (RCA), parallel prefix adder i.e., 4-bit Brent Kung (BK) adder is used to design CSA. Adders are key element in digital design, performing not only addition operation, but also many other function such as subtraction, multiplication and division. Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) gives the most complicated design as-well-as longer computation time. The time critical application use Brent Kung parallel prefix adder to drive fast results but they lead to increase in area. Carry Select Adder understands between RCA and BK in term of area and delay. Delay of RCA is larger therefore we have replaced it with Brent Kung parallel prefix adder which gives fast result. Power and delay of 4-bit RCA and 4-bit BK adder architecture are calculated at different input voltage. This paper describes comparative performance of 4-bit RCA and 4-Bit BK parallel prefix adder designed using TANNER EDA tool.


This paper introduces the design and implementation of new three-phase digital ammeter with ASIC-SA9904A and micro controller AT89C51 for coal mine, and brings forward manage system based on this ammeter with electric power carrier wave communication in the mine and through serial communication chip-RS485 up and down the mine. Which may be the good way to modernization of coal mine.


The Brazilian Association of Relatives and Friends of Air Accidents' Victims (ABRAPAVAA) is a reference nowadays as far as assistance to victims' families is concerned. From the fact that every air accident may and should be prevented, it results that our main objective is prevention, so that there is not recurrence of the tragedies that afflicted us in the last few years. This article presents the work done by the ABRAPAVAA and its participation in forums, debates, congresses, both in Brazil and abroad, aimed at the provision of assistance to victims' families, flight safety, airport infrastructure and environmental issues, when they interfere with flight safety.


Lakoff's conceptual metaphor theory has had a profound influence on the study of metaphor. It makes metaphor--a rhetorical device over 2,000 years--an important and essential cognitive method and lays a firm basis for the development of cognitive linguistics. While Fauconnier's blending theory is one of the most powerful theories on metaphor to date. This paper studies metaphor from a cognitive perspective. It first gives a brief introduction to these two theories. Then the author makes an analysis of their differences and limitations.


Pigeons were trained on trace conditioning procedures (autoshaping) in which a keylight conditioned stimulus (CS) was presented for 5 sec and followed after a 10-sec temporal gap by food. In Experiment 1, acquisition of conditioned responding to the CS was facilitated when it was immediately followed by a brief stimulus, but only when the brief stimulus was of greater intensity than the trace CS. In Experiment 2, this facilitation effect was found when a more intense brief stimulus followed the trace CS immediately, but not when it was delayed. In both experiments, responding to the target CS was compared within-subjects to that to a control CS, which eliminated factors such as second-order conditioning as an explanation for the facilitation effects. Together, the results of Experiments 1 and 2 suggest that a brief stimulus may mark immediately preceding events in memory and thus facilitate their association with delayed reinforcement only if the brief stimulus is relatively more intense, and thus more salient, than the target events. In Experiment 3, we found substantial generalization of this facilitation effect from the marked CS to the control CS and conclude that the results of Experiments 1 and 2 may underestimate the magnitude of these marking effects.


1 This article was written with the support of the Gerda Henkel Foundation (Gerda Henkel Stiftung). Abstract: This paper focuses on the encounter between the Christian and the Islamic worlds as it appears in Florentine churches. It explores images of Muslims connected to the ideas of mission, conversion and crusade as they appear in the oral and visual traditions. Crusading sympathy in Tuscany, particularly in Florence, had a long history, going back to the twelfth century. The role of the mendicant orders, established in the great convents of Santa Croce and Santa Maria Novella, was crucial in winning sympathy for the crusades. This tradition continued in the fi fteenth century, after the fall of Constantinople, when Florence openly voiced support for papal crusading efforts and participated in fund-raising for the crusade. The main supporters of crusade propaganda in Florence were the Franciscan and Dominican preachers, who acted as virtual papal envoys, continuing a tradition of mendicant crusade sermons. These movements also developed special


Given the generalized symmetric eigenvalue problem Ax=λMx, with A semidefinite and M definite, we analyse some algebraic formulations for the approximation of the smallest non‐zero eigenpairs, assuming that a sparse basis for the null space is available. In particular, we consider the inexact version of the Shift‐and‐Invert Lanczos method, and we show that apparently different algebraic formulations provide the same approximation iterates, under some natural hypotheses. Our results suggest that alternative strategies need to be explored to really take advantage of the special problem setting, other than reformulating the algebraic problem. Experiments on a real application problem corroborate our theoretical findings. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Correction for 'Modeling the size distribution in a fluidized bed of nanopowder' by Andrea Fabre et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2017, 4, 670–678.


A survey ispresented ofthe variousprocesses m easurable atH ERA in which two photons are involved. Their current experim ental status and future prospectsare discussed.


The propagation dynamics of aluminium-copper colliding laser produced plasma plumes are studied by using time-gated fast imaging and optical emission spectroscopic techniques. The experiment is performed at 10-2 mbar of air ambient. Angular target geometry is employed for the efficient collision of two different laser produced plasmas. When two plasmas collide, it can either stagnate at the collision front or can interpenetrate each other. The dense layer of plasma stagnates at the interaction region called the stagnation layer. Multi species stagnation region is formed at the collision front of heterogeneous colliding laser produced plasma and its time-resolved expansion dynamics are analyzed. The emission intensities are different for the two materials. For a particular laser wavelength, the two metal targets have different thermal and optical properties and thereby different ablation rates. Al with less ablation threshold has more intense emission compare to that of Cu. Plasma parameters like electron density and electron temperature are also measured from the optical emission spectroscopic data.


This study uses Factorial design techniques to investigate the Oxygen-17 (17O) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxation rate response surface of a corn starch-water system as affected by three experimental conditions: concentration, time between sample preparation (hydration) and measurement and storage temperature. It was found that neither time (between 0.1 and 20 hours) nor the storage temperature (room temperature and low temperature) had a significant effect on the 17O NMR relaxation rate response. The only variable which affected the 17O NMR relaxation rate was the concentration of corn starch in water (10–70%, w/w). Mathematical modeling of the dependence of the 17O NMR response on concentration is discussed in detail.


Summary

The ultrastructure of myofibrils from cod white muscle has been studied using the freeze etching technique. Unfrozen post-rigor samples were compared with thawed samples stored for a short period at −40°C and also with samples stored at −20°C for a period known to result in severe toughness.

Transverse fractures from unfrozen muscle reveal the regular hexagonal arrangement of thick myofilaments and the vesicular material of the sarcoplasmic reticulum between the myofibrils. Muscle stored for a long period at −20°C shows, after thawing, disturbances in the hexagonal pattern and deformation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Longitudinal fractures both from unfrozen and frozen stored muscles sometimes reveal the arrangement of cross-bridges between thick and thin myofilaments. Gross-bridges lie at an angle to the thick filaments and their repeat along the filament can be seen.

Measurements of distances between thick myofilaments showed a significant reduction in the interfilament spacing after prolonged frozen storage. This shrinkage together with the observed disorders within and between myofibrils may reflect an impaired ability to reabsorb water following thawing.


The biggest challenge for scientists is to create an ideal wound dressing that should be non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable, providing optimal conditions for the most effective regeneration process. Biomaterials loaded with plant-derived compounds show better biocompatibility and biological properties, ensuring a faster tissue repair process. In order to develop membranes with good mechanical properties and anti-bacterial properties, the objective of this work describes the synthesis of a chitosan-based membrane added with olive leaf extract as an active principle with potential for topical application. The material developed was characterized in terms of morphology, physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, and the anti-bacterial capacity of the membranes. The results indicated that the developed membrane has good potential for use as a wound dressing, as it presented mechanical properties (30.17 ± 8.73 MPa) and fluid draining capacity (29.31 ± 1.65 g·m−2·h−1) adequacy. In addition, the antimicrobial activity analysis revealed the active membrane potential against E. coli and S. aureus reaching 9.9 mm and 9.1 mm, respectively, in inhibition zones, the most common bacteria in skin wounds. Therefore, all the results indicate that the developed membrane presents viable characteristics for the use of wound dressing.


Significance Development of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) requires spatiotemporal coordination of cerebrovascular endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes. Until now, the molecular mechanism(s) coordinating the pericyte–EC behaviors during this process have been incompletely understood. In this study, combining the analysis of EC-/pericyte-specific Cd146-KO mice and in vitro BBB models, we report CD146 as a dynamic coordinator regulating the communication between ECs and pericytes within the neurovascular unit during BBB development. Our study demonstrates that a single cell-adhesion receptor, CD146, acts as an essential regulator to coordinate pericyte–EC communication and BBB formation during embryogenesis. Furthermore, it identifies CD146 as a potential key therapeutic target for neurological diseases related to cerebrovascular disorders. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) establishes a protective interface between the central neuronal system and peripheral blood circulation and is crucial for homeostasis of the CNS. BBB formation starts when the endothelial cells (ECs) invade the CNS and pericytes are recruited to the nascent vessels during embryogenesis. Despite the essential function of pericyte–EC interaction during BBB development, the molecular mechanisms coordinating the pericyte–EC behavior and communication remain incompletely understood. Here, we report a single cell receptor, CD146, that presents dynamic expression patterns in the cerebrovasculature at the stages of BBB induction and maturation, coordinates the interplay of ECs and pericytes, and orchestrates BBB development spatiotemporally. In mouse brain, CD146 is first expressed in the cerebrovascular ECs of immature capillaries without pericyte coverage; with increased coverage of pericytes, CD146 could only be detected in pericytes, but not in cerebrovascular ECs. Specific deletion of Cd146 in mice ECs resulted in reduced brain endothelial claudin-5 expression and BBB breakdown. By analyzing mice with specific deletion of Cd146 in pericytes, which have defects in pericyte coverage and BBB integrity, we demonstrate that CD146 functions as a coreceptor of PDGF receptor-β to mediate pericyte recruitment to cerebrovascular ECs. Moreover, we found that the attached pericytes in turn down-regulate endothelial CD146 by secreting TGF-β1 to promote further BBB maturation. These results reveal that the dynamic expression of CD146 controls the behavior of ECs and pericytes, thereby coordinating the formation of a mature and stable BBB.


Abstract The aim of this study is to develop an algorithm for automatic representation of the text of natural language as a formal system for the subsequent automatic extraction as reasonable answers to profound questions in the context of the text, and the deep logical consequences of the text and related areas of knowledge to which the text refers. The most universal method of constructing algorithms of automatic treatment of text for a particular purpose is a representation of knowledge in the form of a graph expressing the semantic values of the text. The paper presents an algorithm of automatic presentation of text and its associated knowledge as a formal logic programming theory for sufficiently strict texts, such as legal texts. This representation is a semantic-syntactic as the causal-investigatory relationships between the various parts are both logical and semantic. This representation of the text allows to resolve the issues of causal-investigatory relationships of present concepts, as methods of the theory and practice of logic programming and methods of model theory as well. In particular, these means of classical branches of mathematics can be used to address such issues as the definition and determination of consequences and questions of consistency of the theory.


This master thesis project presents a VPN solution with AAA functionality for handheld device. We analyze the requirement of the system especially the security and mobility, and then we come up with a solution composed of a set of software or protocol.


This study investigates the impact of bank regulation and supervision on the efficiency of banking sectors on 108 Islamic banks from 26 countries offering Islamic banking and finance products and services. The technical efficiencies of individual Islamic banks have been analyzed using the data envelopment analysis method (DEA). The ordinary least square estimation method is employed to examine the impact of country supervision and regulation on the technical efficiency of Islamic banks. The empirical findings suggest that supervisory power, activity restrictions and private monitoring positively influence the efficiency of Islamic banks. The study revealed that Islamic banks that are operating in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and middle-income countries are more technically efficient given the less stringent rules on capital requirement and we found that there is statistically significant evidence that higher capital requirements are negatively associated with the efficiency of Islamic banks. The empirical findings of this study are expected to help policy-makers and government officials to better understand how their decisions affect the


P343 CARBONIFEROUS BLACK SHALE FACIES IN THE NORTH GERMANY– EVIDENCE BY MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA Introduction 1 In the past 20 years the interest in the deep subsurface of the North German basin and its oil and gas potentials has grown considerably. Geophysical studies on the geological-tectonic structure of the deep basin its genesis and development as well as the chronological and spatial distribution of hydrocarbons have primarily concentrated on reflection seismics. However at depths below the prominent Zechstein (Z) base reflector only few structural details can be distinguished. Besides other potential methods providing information at this depth range e.g. magnetics and


Abstract Within the framework of a simple envelope function and effective mass approximation, by including the spatial variation of effective mass and nonparabolicity effects, we have investigated the energy spectrum and intersubband optical absorption in a quantum well with additional thin and higher ( δ -like) cladding barriers on either side of the well. The dependence of the absorption coefficient on the structure parameters, doping level, photon energy and temperature has been investigated. The absorption coefficient and spectrum strongly depend on the cladding barrier tunnel transparency. The peak absorption wavelength is shifted towards the high energies as the barrier transparency decreases. The temperature shift of the absorption peak is very small. The results are compared with experiments of Schneider et al. taking into account the broadening induced by well width fluctuations.


We describe the background to, and the current state of the development of, Located Demos2k, an executable modelling language which reconstructs the Demos2k language starting from an explicit model of location. The version of Located Demos2k described herein is the first useful stage in its development, and provides convenient a point of departure of discussing its further development.


Pental counter circuit, a five-stage ring of NOR gates, is used with a standard flip-flop and several AND gates to construct a decimal counter. Pental circuit eliminates the conversion circuitry which is used when binary circuits generate numeric information.


Ion-sensitive oxide films were deposited on a Si wafer to make a MOS-diode structure in a biased RF (radio frequency) sputtering system using Ar + 02 as reactant gas. Various kinds of oxide films such as Si02r Ta205, Mg-AI-Ag-P-O, Pb-AI-Ag-P-O and SiN-0 of about 1,000A in thickness, were formed. The adsorption of ion on the MOS-diode surface in an electrolytic solution was induced the change of the surface capacitance. The capacitance change of the MOS-diode in the standard pH buffer solutions and some anion solutions were closely related to the adsorption properties of those ions on the oxide film surface. In the standard pH solutions, the adsorption-layer capacitance of Si02 and Ta205 film increases with increasing the values of pH. The capacitance of the alkali metal-free phosphate glass films, however, was independent of the pH in the electrolyte. On the other hand, the capacitance of these glass films increases with increasing anion concentration. In relation to the variation of nitrogen and oxygen in the Si-N-O film, the slope of the capacitance-pH relationship decreses with decresing oxygen content in the film.


We present Very Large Array (VLA) observations of the 70–61A+ methanol maser transition at 44 GHz toward NGC 6334F, G8.67−0.36, and M17. These arcsecond resolution observations complete a previous, larger VLA survey of this maser transition in high-mass, star-forming regions reported by Kurtz et al. We confirm the presence of 44 GHz methanol maser emission in all 3 sources, detecting 8 distinct maser components in NGC 6334F, 12 components in G8.67−0.36, and 1 in M17.


The radiative recombination mechanism of InGaN single-quantum- well (SOW) blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and InGaN double heterostructure (DH) ultraviolet (UV) LEDs has extensively been investigated by means of the dependence of photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL (TRPL) spectra on an external-electric field. Two emission components are found in the luminescence spectra from each LED on the condition of reverse-bias at 77 K. It is also found that the luminescence intensity of the LEDs decreases dramatically with increasing reverse-bias voltage at room temperature (RT). The model based on field ionization of excitons cannot explain the present experimental phenomena. It is therefore suggested that the free-carrier recombination process is dominant at RT. We have also suggested that these experimental results on the blue and UV LEDs can be explained by the same recombination model. Finally, on the basis of both the experimental ecidence in In0.08Ga0.92N epitaxial layers and strong electron-phonon interaction, the radiative recombination mechanism on InxGa1-xN ternary alloys has been discussed.


The present invention discloses a vehicle suspension seat height adjusting device. In one aspect of the present invention a vehicle suspension seat height adjusting device comprising: a control valve which is formed with a needle and vent needle inflator; a first thrust plate supported at one end thereof rotatably connected to the control valve, in a direction when the rotating side of the pneumatic pressurizing pin; push the second support plate having one end rotatably connected to the control valve to one side during rotation of the needle pressurizing the exhaust, and arranged with the first the push plate corresponding to the support; and a first push rod, the other end of which is supported on the first pressing of the push plate, the push plate so that the first rotating support; and a second pusher, which pushes the second plate of the other support One end of the pressure, so that the rotation of the second push plate is supported, and configured to correspond to the first plunger.


1. PhD Student of Food Technology, International Branch, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Food Sciences and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3. Head Research Center, International Branch, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran


Background : Thoracic complications are still high during supracostal PCNL with a 6 percent-32 percent incidence of hydrothorax.About 4-12 percent of supracostal punctures are required draninage.Pitfalls of traditional technique will be discussed. Objective : To compare the safety and efficacy of PCNL for staghorn calculi between ultrasound guided-lateral position and fluoroscopic guided-prone position technique. Material and Method : All cases of staghorn calculi that were done PCNL in Prapokklao Hospital from Dec 2004-Jan 2008 were analized.There are 45 patients (m:f =32.13) with 47 renal units.The average stone surface area was 1964 mm . PCNL single stagemonotherapy were performed under ultrasound guided puncture and tract access.All patients are operated in lateral position except two cases in prone position for bilateral simultaneous PCNL.Rigid nephoscopy were checked at the end of procedure for removed hiding caliceal stones. Result :The stone free rate was 87.2 percent (less than 2 mm) operative time was 157 inutes/kidney.Fluoroscopic time was 147 secondes/kidney.Number of procedures were 1.4 sessions/47 kidneys) there were 39 from 63 tracts above 12 rib wothour thoracic complication.There were no intestinal,liver or splenic injury.Sepsis was found in one case (2.1 percent). Conclusion : Staghorn calculi is the one of the most difficulty group of PCNL.However when PCNL was performed by an aid of ultrasound guidance in lateral position,the complications of adjacent organ injury especially thoracic were much reduced.While the efficacy is comparable with fluoroscopic guide-prone position technique.


This paper deals with the robust iterative learning control (ILC) for time-delay systems (TDS) with both model and delay uncertainties. An ILC algorithm with anticipation in time is considered, and a frequency-domain approach to its design is presented. It shows that a necessary and sufficient convergence condition can be provided in terms of three design parameters: the lead time, the learning gain, and the performance weighting function. In particular, if the lead time is chosen as just the delay estimate, then the convergence condition is derived independent of the delay and the uncertainties. In this case, with the selection of the performance weighting function, the perfect tracking can be achieved, or the least upper bound of the ℒ2-norm of the limit tracking error can be guaranteed less than the least upper bound of the ℒ2-norm of the initial tracking error.


The kinetics of inhaled anesthetics is fundamental to the clinical practice of anesthesia. It explains the time course of anesthetic movement from the vaporizer and flow meters to the patient's brain. In 1950 and 1951, Kety wrote a pair of seminal articles on this subject, one for anesthesiologists1 and one for mathematicians2. Interest in those articles led Edmund I Eger II to direct his career toward verifying and extending Kety's thinking and teaching3 to the unified and apparently complete science we call "uptake and distribution" or "pharmacokinetics" of inhaled gases and vapors. Following Kety's approach, the measure of anesthetic in each location is anesthetic tension. In equilibrium, anesthetic tension in all connected compartments is equal. At the same time, anesthetic concentrations in compartments differ according to drug solubility in each compartment. This text, modified from my section of the Atlas of Clinical Anesthesiology, follows Kety's development and explains the subject using a set of figures created with the computer simulation I created for this purpose, Gas Man5. Some of these figures have been directly simulated in Gas Man for Macintosh6, extracted, and annotated while others have been copied directly from pictures, graphs, and overlays from Gas Man Version 2 for Windows7 or Version 3.1.8 for Windows 95, 98, NT, XP, Macintosh with OS 9 or OS X in a Classic window8. Gas Man is introduced in Figures 3 and 4.


The paper describes the results of measurements of binocular acuity using constant and flash illumination, both with the unaided eye and a stereoscope. The effects on binocular acuity of varying the illumination, the time of exposure, and the field are considered and the relation between binocular acuity and form-sense is discussed.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature
changes during cryopreservation process on the sperm head
morphometry in the goat semen. Fifty six ejaculates of 7 male
goats of recognized fertility were evaluated by using the Sperm
Morphology Analysis (ASMA) to determine the sperm head
size and shape: Length (L), Width (W), Area (A), Perimeter (P),
Ellipticity (E), Rugosity (R), Elongation (El), and Regularity (RE).
FASTCLUS procedure was done to classify the spermatozoa
(SPZ) of the data set into a reduced number of subpopulations
(SP). Fresh: Subpopulation 1 (SP1) consisted of long and
wide spermatozoa (35.12%), SP2 with SPZ of lower ellipticity
(36.81%), SP3 in SPZ of average measurements (9.58%) and
SP4 in small (18.48%). Cooling: SP1 (32.93%) are SPZ long, SP4
(18.54%) small, SP3 (12.88%) are similar to SP1, SP2 (35.66%)
SPZ not hydrodynamic (very wide). Post thawing: SP2 (35.66%)
wide SPZ, SP1 (30.92%) long and elliptical (hydrodynamic),
SP3 (14.43%) similar to SP1, SP4 (21.53%) they are small cells.
The minimal effects of the sperm cryopreservation process on
the morphometry in goat semen were observed in the frequency
of SPZ distribution in SPs and the characteristics of their forms
for each subpopulation; the structure of the SP was maintained
after the period of refrigeration and cold storage. In conclusion,
cryopreservation did not modify specific parameters such as SPZ
distribution within SPs (less than 5% of changes).


Pursuant to an enabling act passed six months previ ously, Indiana adopted a state constitution on June 29, 1816. In due time, though communication with Washington was then difficult and slow, the ordinance accepting the condi tions imposed in the enabling act reached Washington, and, on December 11, a measure admitting Indiana into the Union received President Madison's signature. The printed state constitution was sent to Washington by Governor Jonathan Jennings and laid before Congress on January 9, 1817. It was on March 6, 1817, that Benjamin Parke was ap pointed as judge of the United States court for the district of Indiana. This new federal district had been created by an act of Congress passed three days before. The new judge was a native of New Jersey, then thirty-nine years old. Born on September 2, 1877, he had come to Vincennes in 1801, after having spent three or four years at Lexington, Ken tucky, where he studied law. After coming to Indiana, he soon became a warm friend and supporter of the territorial Governor, William Henry Harrison, who appointed him to the office of Attorney General of the territory, which office he held from August 4, 1804, until June 2, 1808, serving in the meantime as a representative in the territorial legislature during the sessions of 1805 and 1806, as territorial delegate to Congress from December 12, 1805, until April 23, 1808, and then as one of the territorial judges. He was also terri torial chancellor from June 14, 1813, to October 1, 1814. While holding the judgeship, he is said to have ridden once on horseback through the forest from Vincennes to Salisbury, then the county seat of Wayne County, only to find that the single case for trial at that term was a charge against a boy for stealing a pocket knife worth twenty-five cents. He held this office until after the territory was admitted as a


The article is devoted to the development of self-government in the municipalities. Analyses the current state of rural areas in the Penza region and identified the reasons hindering the development of local self-government. Focus on the necessary interaction of three components: public administration, local government and business, as one of the basic conditions for increasing resource availability in rural areas. One of the strategic priorities of socio-economic development of the region allocated to the efficient and effective territorial control on the basis of program-target methods. The results of the study of implementation in the Penza region of the Federal target program «Sustainable development of rural territories in 2014–2017, and for the period till 2020» confirmed the feasibility of providing local governments grants for the implementation of socially significant projects with the involvement of citizens living in rural settlements. Given regional experience to create a «Mobile brigades», providing information assistance to rural residents, can be used in other subjects of the Russian Federation.


Topological degree theory is one of the main ways to study nonlinear analytical problems. Having defined the generalized degree of multi valued compact perturbations of strongly m accretive operators by means of the generalized degree of perturbed accretive operators and the theory of selector of multi valued functions, this paper discusses its solvability, regular and additional property as well as some other properties. On the basis of the foregoing results, it also offers discussions on the solvability of a differential equation in Lp spaces.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze the main contributions of the new institutional economics to the international business (IB) arena. It also intends to show how the NIE is being incorporated to both eclectic paradigm and Uppsala school's view, and how it is modifying them.,A range of IB articles, which contained an institutional view and also discussed the eclectic paradigm or the Uppsala school, provides the background to build a framework.,This paper proposes a framework showing the impact of the institutional variables on the internationalization of firms, by addressing both the OLI paradigm and Uppsala school. It also concludes that the institutional theory has been a point of intersection between the OLI paradigm and Uppsala school, since both have been renewed to understand the transaction costs borne by the firms in their international learning process and in the search for less asymmetrical information.,This paper provided a brief discussion about the institutional components.,This study is a useful source of information for those who want to discuss the institutional impact in the IB arena and emerging markets.,This paper summarizes how the OLI paradigm and Uppsala school encompassed the institutional variables. It also presents a framework that allows new study possibilities since the understanding of the influence of institutional variables on the international movements of firms is still cloudy.


The aim of this paper is to propose appropriate technological equipment and parts production process, which is part of the lift cage. Emphasis is placed mainly on the technology cutting.


According to World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 328 million of adults and 32 million of children present hearing loss in the world. Likewise, the number of people with such impairment increased from 42 million in 1985 to about 360 million in 2011. However, the most of multimedia and web contents, whether they are educational or leisure, are not accessible for persons with hearing loss. In this line, this paper presents an interactive system aimed at automatically generating video summaries and performing subtitles synchronization for persons with hearing loss. Our proposal relies on an educational platform (MOODLE) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to provide an environment fully configurable for these persons. The module that generates the video summaries uses techniques such as Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), whereas the synchronization module is based on forced alignment between audio streams and text. With the aim of validating our environment, we have tested our approach on 15 videos, obtaining a score of 80% for three criteria related to the summary content: understandability, concordance, and context appropriateness.