In the last two decades, there has been a growing interest in connections between animal abuse and intrafamilial violence. Research from the United States (US) has promoted awareness around this connection, and the implications, including for household companion and other animals, when identifying, assessing risk and responding to domestic and family violence (DFV). Compared with the US, United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand (NZ) and Canada, Australia's inclusion of animals in its DFV services' responses is minimal. Furthermore, a preventive perspective to minimise adult abuse of both humans and their animals, that highlights animal abuse in domestic violence school awareness programs, appeared absent in Australia at the time of this project. This paper explores the significance of this issue and examines the effectiveness of such a pilot program in one Australian all-boys school. The program aimed to increase young males' level of knowledge of animal welfare and bonds with humans; increase their understanding of the links between animal abuse and domestic and family violence; produce a change in attitudes towards and increase empathy for animals and females; and instil an enhanced sense of responsibility towards nurturing and protection of animals. Additionally, it was hoped the program would increase young males' level of confidence to intervene safely in situations of abuse if witnessed. The program demonstrates how a school education program has potential to heighten young people's awareness of animal abuse and its link with human violence. Findings from the pilot suggest that increases in post-presentation knowledge, attitudes, interest and confidence of young males provide a platform for a significant public education program in agencies and educational institutions. Innovative programs that integrate animal abuse in the context of domestic and family violence, we suggest, provide a foundation for promoting the inclusion of animals in Domestic and Family Violence and Veterinarian policies, service standards, guidelines and practice. This journal article is available in Animal Studies Journal: https://ro.uow.edu.au/asj/vol7/iss1/2 ANIMAL VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC AND FAMILY VIOLENCE 1 Animal Victims of Domestic and Family Violence: Raising Youth Awareness Lyla Coorey New South Wales Health Education Centre Against Violence Carl Coorey-Ewings University of Sydney 'I hold that the more helpless a creature, the more entitled it is to protection by man from the cruelty of humankind.' (Mahatma Gandhi, cited in Prabhu and Rao). Image credit Lyla Coorey. ANIMAL VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC AND FAMILY VIOLENCE 2 Abstract: In the last two decades, there has been a growing interest in connections between animal abuse and intra-familial violence. Research from the United States (US) has promoted awareness around this connection, and the implications, including for household companion and other animals, when identifying, assessing risk and responding to domestic and family violence (DFV). Compared with the US, United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand (NZ) and Canada, Australia's inclusion of animals in its DFV services' responses is minimal. Furthermore, a preventive perspective to minimise adult abuse of both humans and their animals, that highlights animal abuse in domestic violence school awareness programs, appeared absent in Australia at the time of this project. This paper explores the significance of this issue and examines the effectiveness of such a pilot program in one Australian all-boys school. The program aimed to increase young males' level of knowledge of animal welfare and bonds with humans; increase their understanding of the links between animal abuse and domestic and family violence; produce a change in attitudes towards and increase empathy for animals and females; and instil an enhanced sense of responsibility towards nurturing and protection of animals. Additionally, it was hoped the program would increase young males' level of confidence to intervene safely in situations of abuse if witnessed. The program demonstrates how a school education program has potential to heighten young people's awareness of animal abuse and its link with human violence. Findings from the pilot suggest that increases in post-presentation knowledge, attitudes, interest and confidence of young males provide a platform for a significant public education program in agencies and educational institutions. Innovative programs that integrate animal abuse in the context of domestic and family violence, we suggest, provide a foundation for promoting the inclusion of animals in Domestic and Family Violence and Veterinarian policies, service standards, guidelines and practice.


A linearized multi-species collision operator has been developed for an efficient implementation in gyrokinetic codes. This operator satisfies the main expected properties: particle, momentum, and energy conservation, and existence of an H-theorem. A gyrokinetic version is then calculated, which involves derivatives with respect to the gyrocenter position, parallel velocity, and magnetic momentum. An isotropic version in the velocity space can be constructed for the specific problem of trace impurities colliding with a main species. A simpler version that involves derivatives with parallel velocity only has been developed. This reduced version has been implemented in the GYSELA gyrokinetic code, and is shown to comply with particle, momentum, and energy conservation laws. Moreover, the interspecies relaxation rates for momentum and energy agree very well with the theoretical values.


Although other factors influence the fertility patterns the nature of available fertility control technology appears to be a foremost determinant. The best examples of this impact have occurred in developed countries. In the U.S. oral contraceptives plus IUDs have resulted in large increases in use of contraception. When abortions were made available in Eastern Europe and Japan a rapid decline in fertility resulted; restrictions of abortions in Romania resulted in a tripling of the birth rate. In less developed countries technics need to be suited to local conditions. Health and nutrition considerations may cause problems with methods. Increased bleeding with IUDs is serious when anemia from parasitic infection is already present. Decreased lactation among some users of oral contraceptives may compromise infant nutrition. The Agency for International Development (AID) has chosen to focus most of its funding on: a) control of fertility by regulation of corpus luteum function; b) studies of antiprogestins; c) gonadotropin releasing factors; and d) prostaglandin research. Prostaglandin research has developed compounds and their analogs that appear to be most promising though in need of improvement. Research to improve current methods is emphasized as is improvement in methods of surgical termination of pregnancy where medical care and personnel are deficient (including better tests to determine pregnancy and suction apparatus for use where there is no electric power). Improved sterilization methods are also needed. Injections and once-a-month contraceptives are also under study. Analogs to the natural prostaglandins new small bore cannulae for suction curettage and improved female sterilization techniques will soon be available for family planning programs.


Under the support of RS and GIS technology,landscape data of Xixi National Wetland was obtained by object-oriented image classification method based on high-resolution remote sensing image of IKONOS in 2003 and QUICKBIRD in 2006.Analysis on landscape pattern changes before and after protecting project in the wetland showed that different types of wetland area changed,diversity and evenness index increased,connectedness enhanced,dominance index and contagion index reduced,but fragmentation increased.The changes of landscape pattern in the wetland reflected the result of human activities.


In order to facilitate local governments to accurately grasp the current level of regional innovation performance and lay down economic development policy,it is necessary to carry out performance evaluation studies.Firstly,the nonlinear principal components analysis model is built;Secondly,the paper designs a regional innovation performance evaluation index.Lastly,the regional innovation performance about 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China are evaluated and suggestions are put forward.Evaluation results show that the performance of China's regional innovation shows a kind of ladder distribution from the east to the west.


Rotor-stator rub interactions play an important role in the operation of high performance turbomachinery such as steam turbines, compressors, motors, and generators with small clearances between the rotating and stationary components. It is difficult to diagnose the problem because the vibration characteristics are widely varied and often the same as those resulting from other common causes. Also, rubs can cause secondary effects which can be misdiagnosed as the primary cause of the vibration excursion. The paper investigates one of the rub phenomena — the bearing lubricant (oil) coking in the close clearance regions while the other operational parameters are unchanged. The amplitude of vibration typically increases suddenly and then decreases after a few minutes. An FFT analysis of the vibration spectrum result indicates that most of the vibration energy is distributed to synchronous components or super-synchronous components. Two industrial case studies are presented and the possible factors are reviewed. Simulation results indicate that the model can describe the behavior of the steam turbine under oil coking rotor-stator rub conditions well and help locate the axial position of the oil coking rub. The analysis results of the paper are very useful for transient vibration fault diagnosis.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


The journal editor supports the idea that one good deed can act as a springboard to improve the world, just as one simple project can motivate others in medicine to help solve the inequities in health care. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.


Acute elevation of blood pressure is defined as a hypertensive crisis, if blood pressure is >220/120 mmHg or as a hypertensive emergency, if blood pressure is >220/120 mmHg with concomitant acute end organ damage. End organ damage may involve encephalopathy, acute coronary syndrome, acute heart failure, and aortic dissection among others. Triggers may be drugs, oral contraceptives, certain medications, renal disease, and pheochromocytoma among other conditions. Medical blood pressure lowering should be achieved rapidly or urgently, depending on clinical presentation.


This paper demonstrates the clinical efficacy of multiparametric biofeedback in patients aged 45 to 60 years with residual phenomena after stroke with 1 to 5 years prescription. Comparison was made according to the international scale. Patients in the control group and the main group were selected at random. It was shown that the use of multiparametric biofeedback allows to reduce spasticity, restore body image and improve hemodynamics, increase adaptive capacity of the body, improve coordination. At the sa me time, when compared with medical therapy of spasticity, this technology is an order higher cost-effective.


Navdriver is a freely-available Software-as-a-Service technology that leverages hotlink assignment algorithms. This paper provides a formal description of the hotlink assignment problem, as originally described over a decade ago, as well as its representation inside Navdriver. This paper reconciles the description of Navdriver found in [1] with the mathematical statement of the hotlink assignment problem used in [2]. Furthermore, this paper describes, for the first time, details of the Navdriver algorithms that had not been disclosed before. The paper also discusses the applicability of Navdriver in real websites as well as limitations, in general, of inserting hotlinks dynamically in production websites.


Weighted Hadamard product characterizations of Bloch functions in the unit ball of Cn are studied. In particular, we prove that f belongs to the Bloch space B(Bn) if and only if the non-weighted Hadamard products of f and g belong to BMOA(Un) for all f in G0(Bn), a subspace of the Hardy space H (Bn). 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 32A18, 32A37.


Cavity pressure and temperature difference are two important quality criteria.Considering that most injection molded parts have a sheet like geometry,a fast strip analysis model based on mechanics equations for viscous fluid,was adopted as a surrogate model to approximate the time-consuming computer simulation software for predicating the above quality criteria.According to the predicted quality criteria,a particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to find out the optimum injection parameters.The proposed optimization method can optimize the injection parameters in short time and it does not rely on any knowledge of molding process.Finally,two experiments were employed to validate the surrogate model and the proposed optimization method.Experimental results show that the cavity pressure predicted by the surrogate model agree well with the experimental data,with the relative error being less than 8.41%,and the results of the proposed optimization method are nearly identical to that of response surface method,while the required time of the proposed method is only 0.02% of that of response surface method.


Alzheimer's Disease is one of the most known neurodegenerative diseases that causes over 100,000 deaths till now. The pathology of Alzheimer's Disease is still not fully clear, but the most widely accepted pathology is the chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by neurotoxicity via amyloid beta (Aß) plaques and intracellular tau tangles. In Alzheimer's patients, the abnormal Aß plaques and tau tangles cause oxidative stress and induce chronic ER stress, which can hardly be relieved by the normal UPR pathway. One potential treatment for rescuing the excessive ER stress caused by Aß accumulation in human neural cells is the Salubrinal (Sal) treatment. Amentoflavone (AF) treatment is a plausible treatment to alleviate cell death stress due to pyroptosis in Alzheimer's patients. Latrepirdine (LAT) is a treatment that can induce autophagy with the help of ATG5. Mitophagy is a special form of autophagy that degrades dysfunctional mitochondria and does not function well in Alzheimer's patients. Treatment like NMN, UA, and AC can effectively induce mitophagy, decrease memory loss, and relieve common Alzheimer's pathology like Aß plaques and tau tangles.  In this review, the primary research on four key mechanisms in Alzheimer's etiology - UPR pathway(apoptosis), pyroptosis, autophagy and mitophagy - will be discussed and some potential treatments targeting these four mechanisms will be briefly introduced with the primary research results.


THIS OPEN-ACCESS CONTENT MADE POSSIBLE BY THESE GENEROUS SPONSORS To cite this article: Adrian S. Warren PhD, LPC (2010) A Review of "Freedom and Neurobiology: Reflections on Free Will, Language, and Political Power. Neuroscience and Philosophy: Brain, Mind, and Language.", Journal of Neurotherapy: Investigations in Neuromodulation, Neurofeedback and Applied Neuroscience, 14:4, 312-314, DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2010.523342


The studies presented in this paper provide a first experime ntal test of the Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA) concept using data recorded in high granula rity calorimeters. Pairs of overlaid pion showers from CALICE 2007 test beam data are reconstruct ed by the PandoraPFA program developed to implement PFA for a future lepton collider. Rec overy of a neutral hadron's energy in the vicinity of a charged hadron is studied. The impact of the two overlapping hadron showers on energy resolution is investigated. The dependence of the co nfusi n error on the distance between a 10 GeV neutral hadron and a charged pion is derived for pion e nergies of 10 and 30 GeV which are representative of a 100 GeV jet. The comparison of these t est beam data results with Monte Carlo simulation is done for various hadron shower models wi thin the GEANT4 framework. The results for simulated particles and for beam data are in good agreement thereby providing support for previous simulation studies of the power of Particle Flo w Calorimetry at a future lepton collider.


The purpose of this study is to explore the acceptance of 3Gsmart phone for high school students in Taiwan.The technology acceptance model and satisfaction with life scale was used as the theoretical framework.The survey was conducted based on questionnaire.The total of 393samples(87.33%)was collected for further analysis.Data analysis was applied by structure equation model technique.Findings were as follows:(1)the perceived ease of use has positive impact on the usefulness of smart phone;(2)ease of use and useful of smart phone have positive impact on intention to use;(3) the intention to use will have a direct impact on life satisfaction.


Medial protrusion of the lamina papyracea into the ethomoid sinus has been described as a cause of orbital complications during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The reported rate of the abnormal ranges from 0.5-6.5%.We encountered a male patient with nasal bleeding. A nasal tumor in right nasal cavity was found and medial protrusion of the lamina papyracea into the ethmoid sinus was confirmed by preoperative CT examinations. The patient was successfully treated by ESS without orbital complications.We emphasized that appropriate CT examinations before ESS are very important for preoperative evaluation of the anatomical relation among adjacent critical structures.


ABSTRACT Background: Seed mass and plant growth forms can affect dispersal syndrome that determines where seed is stored until germination, which can consequently determine germination requirements and the fate of emerged seedlings. Aims: This study aimed to assess the relationships between seed mass, germination rate and light and temperature requirements during germination of 23 desert plants with an aerial seed bank. Methods: Freshly collected seeds and those stored for 9 months at room temperature and enclosed within plant parts in the field were germinated in three growth chambers adjusted to three temperatures and two light regimes. Results: Trees and shrubs had significantly heavier seeds with greater dormancy compared to herbs. Germination at all storage conditions responded positively to light in herbs and germinated in both light and dark in shrubs and trees. Field storage enhanced light germination in trees, but not in shrubs and herbs. Germination rate index was greater for seeds of herbs and trees compared to those of shrubs. The relationships between seed mass and final germination in both light and dark regimes were positive in herbs but negative in shrubs. Conclusions: Growth form, seed size, storage condition can affect light, but not temperature, requirement of the studied plants.


Knowledge Distillation is a technique which aims to utilize dark knowledge to compress and transfer information from a vast, well-trained neural network (teacher model) to a smaller, less capable neural network (student model) with improved inference efficiency. This approach of distilling knowledge has gained popularity as a result of the prohibitively complicated nature of such cumbersome models for deployment on edge computing devices. Generally, the teacher models used to teach smaller student models are cumbersome in nature and expensive to train. To eliminate the necessity for a cumbersome teacher model completely, we propose a simple yet effective knowledge distillation framework that we termed Dynamic Rectification Knowledge Distillation (DR-KD). Our method transforms the student into its own teacher, and if the self-teacher makes wrong predictions while distilling information, the error is rectified prior to the knowledge being distilled. Specifically, the teacher targets are dynamically tweaked by the agency of ground-truth while distilling the knowledge gained from traditional training. Our proposed DR-KD performs remarkably well in the absence of a sophisticated cumbersome teacher model and achieves comparable performance to existing state-of-the-art teacher-free knowledge distillation frameworks when implemented by a low-cost dynamic mannered teacher. Our approach is all-encompassing and can be utilized for any deep neural network training that requires categorization or object recognition. DR-KD enhances the test accuracy on Tiny ImageNet by 2.65% over prominent baseline models, which is significantly better than any other knowledge distillation approach while requiring no additional training costs.


In this paper, we propose a solution based upon Umple for data transformation of Financial Information eXchange protocol (FIXML). The proposed solution includes syntactic and semantic analysis and automatic code generation. We discuss our solution based on development effort, modularity, complexity, accuracy, fault tolerance, and execution time factors. We have applied our technique to a set of FIXML test cases and evaluated the results in terms of error detection and execution time. Results reveal that Umple is suitable for the transformation of FIXML data to object-oriented languages.


Eukaryotic nuclear transcription is carried out by three different Polymerases (Pol), Pol I, Pol II and Pol III. Among these, Pol I is dedicated to transcription of the rRNA, which is the first step of ribosome biogenesis, and cell growth is regulated during Pol I transcription initiation by the conserved factor Rrn3/TIF-IA in yeast/human. A wealth of structural information is available on Pol II and its general transcription factors (GTFs). Recently, also the architectures of Pol I and Pol III have been described by electron microscopy and the additional subunits that are specific to Pol I and Pol III have been identified as orthologs of the Pol II transcription factors TFIIF and TFIIE. Nevertheless, we still lack information about the architecture of the Pol I initiation complex and structural data is missing explaining the regulation of Pol I initiation mediated by its central transcription initiation factor Rrn3.
The Rrn3 structure solved in this study reveals a unique HEAT repeat fold and indicates dimerization of Rrn3 in solution. However, the Rrn3-dimer is disrupted upon Pol I binding. The Rrn3 structure further displays a surface serine patch. Phosphorylation of this patch represses human Pol I transcription (Mayer et al, 2005; Mayer et al, 2004), and a phospho-mimetic patch mutation prevents Rrn3 binding to Pol I in vitro, and reduces S. cerevisiae cell growth and Pol I gene occupancy in vivo. This demonstrates a conserved regulation mechanism of the Pol I-Rrn3 interaction. Crosslinking indicates that Rrn3 does not only interact with Pol I subunits A43/14, but the interface further extends past the RNA exit tunnel and dock domain to AC40/19. The corresponding region of Pol II binds the Mediator head (Soutourina et al., 2011) that co-operates with TFIIB (Baek et al, 2006). Consistent with this, the Rrn3 binding partner, core factor subunit Rrn7, is predicted to be a TFIIB homologue.
Taken together, our results provide the molecular basis of Rrn3-regulated Pol I initiation and cell growth and indicate a universally conserved architecture of eukaryotic transcription initiation complexes.


ABSTRACT THIS field study shows that shallow subsurface drains (40 cm deep) remove as much soil water as deeper drains (95 cm deep) during the growing season in the Toledo soil. There was no structural damage to the shallow plastic draintubes from farming operations. Thus, shallow drainage systems offer great promise as a drainage technique for a large group of soils for which subsurface drain-age is not now recommended


The potential of Edge Computing technologies is yet to be exploited for multi-domain, multi-party data-driven systems. One aspect that needs to be tackled for the realization of envisioned open-edge Ecosystems, is the secure and trusted exchange of data services among diverse stakeholders. In this work, we present a novel approach for integrating mechanisms for trustworthy and sovereign data exchange, into Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) environments. To this end, we introduce an architecture that extends the ETSI MEC Architectural Framework with artifacts from the International Data Spaces Reference Architecture Model, accompanied by processes that automatically enrich Edge Computing applications with data space capabilities in an as-a-service paradigm. To validate our approach, we implement an open-source prototype solution and we conduct experiments that showcase its functionality and scalability. To our knowledge, this is one of the first concrete architectural specifications for enabling data space features in MEC systems.


Identify the knowledge they have the caregivers of children of 9 to 24 months old about the signs and symptoms according to AIEPI strategy (Comprehensive care for prevalent childhood diseases) to recognize the IRA (Acute respiratory infection) and the causes that lead them to consult a health service. In order to meet the general purpose a cuantitative methodology was implemented, used for the data analysis, for the data collection we used a survey that containing twelve questions related to the IRA, the survey was conducted to twenty caregivers of children of 9 to 24 months old attending a children's home. We surveyed to twenty caregivers of children of 9 to 24 months old attending a children's home. Participants had an age range of 19 to 57 years old, the childcare was in chargepredominantly by the female genre, the predominant ducation level was the high school and the outstanding occupation was housewife. Most caregivers don't have enough knowledge about the disease, so the health services visits was presented belatedly and leading to complications. From there we came up the idea of creating educational strategies for the caregivers of children with the intention of strengthening her knowledge, for get a timely identification of signs and symptoms of the IRA, we designed a brochure book that served as a query tool for the caregivers of children and the children's home.


A major limitation of the boundary element method (BEM) for the solution of electrical potential problems is the long computational time required. However, a large portion of the calculations involved can be viewed as being parallel in nature and can therefore be computed concurrently. This paper makes an effort to increase the efficiency of the BEM process using transputer-based multiprocessor computing techniques. The algorithms developed may equally well be applied to any multiprocessor system. The application selected to demonstrate the technique is the solution of an electrostatic problem governed by a two-dimensional Laplace equation.

A parallel algorithm for problem setup and field extraction using BEM is designed and implemented on a transputer array. Special attention is directed to the utilization of the parallel processors to achieve maximum efficiency. The analysis in this work concentrates on the communication strategies for passing data between processors as well as a consideration of the workload attributed to each processor.

The parallel algorithms were implemented using 3L Parallel Fortran; however, the choice of topology for the overall BEM implementation was limited by the fact that certain parts of the algorithm could only utilize a pipeline configuration of processors. Comprehensive results for the parallel BEM algorithm are given and they are encouraging, indicating that parallel processing has much to offer when applied to the boundary element method.


To study the expression of FAS antigens in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) and liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and the relationship between them. FAS antigen were detected by immuno-histochemistry in PBMC and in the liver of patients with CHC and serum HCVRNA were detected by PCR. Liver histopathology and serum ALT were detected simultaneously we observed: (1)The rate of FAS positive of patients with CHC in PBMC are 41.5%(17/41) and in the liver tissues are 65.6%(21/32). (2)Both serum HCVRNA and ALT level are higher significatly in patients of PBMC FAS(+) than those of PBMC FAS(-). (P0.05). The result. indicated that (1)The expression of FAS antigens in PBMC and in the liver tissues are correlated to liver inflammation and serum HCVRNA in the patients with CHC. (2)FAS system may play a new role in the diagnosis and treatment of CHC.


Two new scuttle fly species of genus Megaselia are described from Poland. M. boguslawi sp. n. was found in central Poland in the pine forest after fire. M. wigryensis n. sp. was cought in the north-eastern part of country in the linden-oak-hornbeam forest of the Wigry National Park.


The main focus of the article is the correlation of state interests in public purchases. The authors look into the possible reasons leading to the conflict of interests. They also conclude that the goals of state purchases are currently changing their priority.


Abstract : The current world geopolitical situation has resulted in an ever increasing number of third-world nations and terrorists states gaining access to advanced military technology and weaponry that was previously limited to first-world nations. The blue water and littoral areas that are the operational environments of the United States and Coalition naval forces are within range of capable enemy missile systems as was evident in the attacks on the United States Ship Stark by Iraq in 1987 and the Israeli Naval Ship Hanit by Hezbollah in July 2006 Given the increasing threat of Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles (ASCM), the complete integration of an effective Electronic Warfare system into the combat systems of U.S. and Coalition maritime forces is paramount. Research has shown that this integration must include a computer-aided human element in the decision process. The project objective was to develop an improved, advanced Electronic Warfare architecture with a complete range of automated operation using a Human-In-the-Loop that could be integrated into existing and future combat systems. A model was developed that demonstrates solutions that integrate hard-kill defensive systems with soft-kill subsystems, managed by a human, in order to provide a completely integrated capability to defend against land, air, and sea-launched ASCMs.


The purpose of this research is to know the service quality and consumer satisfaction to the students of LPK Solocom Surakarta. The method of the research is survey. The population is 200 students and the sample is 75 students. Data was collected by using questionnaire and analyzes by regression. Based on the research result, concluded that (1) the quality of education service is not satisfaction yet: (2) tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance give effect to consumer's satisfaction of LPK Solocom Surakarta. The results of study indicate that the assurance variable positively affected by consumer satisfaction.  While the variable tangible, reliability, responsiveness and empathy didn't have an effect on consumer satisfaction.  For the F test, that's all independent variable affected the consumer's satisfaction.


The process of unification of Germany 1989/90 was accompanied by a transformation crisis in the East which severely affected the labour market. Although in East Germany the average loss of employment between October 1989 and June 1993 was 37.7% there were marked re-gional differences. In rural areas this loss was higher (up to a maximum of 49.7%) and lower in city centres (the minimum was 18.1%). In 1998, the average unemployment rate was 21.9%, which varied between 10.0% and 29.2%. Since 1993 there has been a more stable development of regional employment which is analysed in the paper. Theoretical basis is an integration of the product cycle thesis (influ-enced by ideas of Schumpeter, Appelbaum & Schettkat) into a general regional-economic model which is used to explain the destiny of regions. The dynamics of the regions are ex-plained by an interaction of changes of productivity and of product demand. The effects of innovations with respect to the production process are ambivalent, since they are associated with gains of employment if the product demand is elastic, and with employment losses if the demand is inelastic. The data base for the empirical analyses is the employment statistics of East Germany. The regional units are relatively small districts, 114 are defined for Eastern Germany. Data on 28 industries are included. The individual observation is the growth of employment of an indus-try in a region for a specific year (1993-1999) (N = 19152). The method used for the analyses is based on a regression approach which is analogous to shift-share techniques and extends these traditional methods. According to a common criti-cism shift-share analysis is mechanical and deterministic (non-stochastic). Significance tests are not possible since shift-share includes a mechanic decomposition of solely a few effects. An interpretation with respect to causality is problematic. As alternatives several authors (Patterson 1991, Knudsen, Barff 1991, MA¶ller, Tassinopoulos 2000) proposed linear models which allow significance tests and the inclusion of additional explanatory variables. In the paper a special variant of the method based on restricted regression is used.


The discussion of "literature at leisure" focuses on the conflict between main stream consciousness and free individual: concept of material desire and traditional thoughts. With the cognition and acceptation of "neo - ideology" made by marketlized economic activity, the concerned issues in this paper are how to protect individual s cultural freedom while setting up public cultural order, how to regard and affirm the posscssiveness in the profit pursuing activities.


In this paper, an algorithm and its computer oriented program have been developed for solving transportation programming (TP) reducing it into a linear program (LP). After formulating it into linear programming problems the number of variables becomes large. It then, becomes more difficult and time-consuming if it is done manually with simplex method. By using the computer program the solution can be found in a shorter time. It will be shown that a TP with a large number of variables can be solved in few seconds by using this method. A number of numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the method developed in this research. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v63i1.21758 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 63(1): 1-7, 2015 (January)


Adaptive BCIs have shown promising results by reaching higher performances and robustness. However, existing methods lack guidelines in their manner of addressing the problem. Most of the current adaptive techniques simply handle challenges at hand by dynamically adjusting the machine to signal variability, often not entirely taking into account the human factors. To our knowledge, there has not been any work done in creating a taxonomy for adaptive BCIs, one that acknowledges and arranges known BCI components in a comprehensive and structured way. We propose a conceptual framework that encompasses adaptation approaches for both the user and the machine


By 2027 75% of today's Fortune 500 companies will be gone. Randomly pursuing different ideas and hoping that at least one of them can turn into something innovative is not enough anymore. We need to design organizations that can continuously create human-centered innovation. The construct of design-led ambidexterity (DLA) can support us in doing so. This graduation project was carried out together with Barco with the intention to unlock the innovation potential of its employees by creating a solid foundation for DLA. To do so, a thorough qualitative research was carried out to discern the challenges Barco faces, its current process structure and an optimal way to develop design capabilities. These aided the design of a new solution that will help Barco reach the state of a well-orchestrated innovation flow supported by employees who share the same mental model and level of capabilities.


The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that is felt by the community is the paralysis of all daily activities. As a result, the cessation of work for a long time causes the company's economy to cripple and results in many companies losing money and making Termination of Employment (PHK) for employees or employees. For the heads of families, the termination of employment (PHK) experienced, of course, has a fairly heavy impact. There are many bad impacts caused by Termination of Employment (PHK) such as not being able to continue education for children, especially in college due to not being able to pay tuition fees every semester. Therefore, to overcome this problem, the government created a Single Tuition Assistance (UKT) program. However, the UKT assistance provided by the government was not able to cover all the financing needs for students who were affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Limiting quotas for recipients of Resident Tuition (UKT) assistance for Budi Darma University is a new problem, of course. Decision Support System is a computerized system on a computer that is used to support decision making in organizations. The Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method is a combined method consisting of the WP method and the SAW method, the WASPAS method is expected to provide better results in helping to determine the decision support system. To support obtaining optimal and objective results, a weighting method is needed, namely the ROC method. Based on the above discussion, the research that will be carried out is to select students who receive Single Tuition (UKT) assistance. The results showed that the four alternatives with the highest preference scores received UKT assistance, namely A6, A5, A4, A3


ecreation managers make and act on decisions, often implicit, about the conditions, management approaches, and visitor experiences that are most appropriate for the individual recreation areas they administer. As demand for recreation, particularly in wilderness, backcountry, and wild river settings, has increased, such decisions have become more difficult, complex, and contentious. We believe that managers, while charged with deciding what is appropriate in the individual places they manage, need to make decisions that are also appropriate within a regional context. A fundamental objective of recreation management is to maximize the values and benefits that accrue to the public from a system of recreation areas (Wagar 1966). Consequently, managers need to make decisions that maximize the values and benefits that accrue from that system, not just the individual areas for which they are responsible.


Various methods of transforming speech signals into tactile signals have been investigated. Comparison of the results, however, is complicated by differences in training methods, training times, feedback, etc. In order to obtain a direct comparison between LPC‐derived area function coding and spectral coding, naive subjects were trained successively on both coding schemes, using identical paradigms and speech tokens. The subjects were tested on identification and discrimination of four different b‐V sounds presented to the index finger via a 6 × 10 portion of a vibrotactile array (Optacon). The vowels were /i/, /e/, /ɑ/, and /u/, and three tokens of each b‐V were used. The utterances were first processed to yield LPC coefficients, and then coded either in area function form or in spectral form using a technical mel vocoder. A "line" display was employed so that the number of active vibrators was constant for all stimuli. The durations of the stimuli were approximately equal. There were five sessions per w...


The unique graphic language has gradually become the main form of information exchange.It is the visual center that is sensitive and needs to be more concentrated in designing works.Depend on the graphic art language to realize an aim of dissemination.And regard this as an opportunity to face to modern visual design in order to be better in line with the international standard and discuss the position and method of graphic design.


analysis biodiesel coconut and work short exchange test in diesel engine explain that research was done to analyze properties and work performance of diesel engine with biodiesel of coconut oil, which having the fuel composition B0, B10 and B20. Analyze of work performance of diesel engine was evaluated from efficiency and power / energy. Research was done in the laboratory with using diesel engine test type Kubota RD 85 DI with generator Mindong ST-5 and with belt transmission V type B. Based on processing of data, it show that fuel B10 have efficiency most optimal, where efficiency of mixture B10 is higher than diesel fuel and other mixture. This is mean that biodiesel of coconut oil is competent used as the mixture diesel fuel. Research in the future will be better to be done on the mixture biodiesel coconut oil less that 20%


The main aim for this study is to find out the attitudinal changes exhibited by students exposed to teaching science by integration of indigenous industrial activities in the teaching and learning of selected concepts of matter in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The study concentrated on the second year Junior High School students of Kaneshie Kingsway '2' JHS of Kaneshie Kingsway Cluster of Schools in the Okaikoi South Metro of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.The study employedposttest-only non-equivalent control group design of the quasi-experimental research design. The researcher employed the purposive sampling technique for this study, making up of   43 males and 47 females. The instruments used for collecting data for this research were test, questionnaire and semi-structured interview schedules.The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis mean, standard deviation,Pearson's correlation (r) and description or explanation of terms. The study revealed that students exhibited positiveattitudewhen exposed to teaching science by integration of indigenous industrial activities in the teaching and learning of selected concepts of matter. Keywords: Indigenous Industrial Activities, Traditional Approach, Indigenous Knowledge, Enculturation DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-6-10 Publication date: February 29 th 2020


We introduce our vision of a system - based on our current Common Sense research and on developments at the University of Debrecen - to create an intelligent scientific knowledge repository that is capable of learning on its own. Since the necessary technology appears to be available, we hope to realize the system in the near future.


Perhaps the most stunning case of a peaceful and rapid political transformation in recent years may be found in a land also known for its economic miracles-the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. In roughly one decade, Taiwan moved from being a single-party state under the strictures of martial law to a multiparty democracy with direct legislative and presidential elections. Contemporaneously, such civil liberties as freedom of speech, assembly, and the press became realities. How did these dramatic changes occur with so little violent conflict and in such a short span of time? Theorists of democratic transitions emphasize the importance of an initial opening of political opportunity, giving rise to a civil society-defined here to mean group formation outside the sphere of the state-that further propels liberalizing change. By taking a close empirical look at autonomous group formation on university campuses in Taiwan during the ROC's period of political liberalization, this study shows that the development of civil society is a highly contingent affair deeply intertwined with a continually shifting political environment and not predictable a priori. The case of Taiwan's student movement illustrates that while a political opening in a repressive regime makes the formation of civil society possible, the construction of such is in no way automatic or natural. Overcoming decades of the stifling of civil society is a slow and haphazard affair. Further, when a ruling regime penetrates far into society, the political atmosphere can not simply be moved from closed to open. Even after an initial opening, continuing subtle shifts in the political environment may mold, and be molded by, the struggling emergence of a civil society. In Taiwan, just as liberalization at the national level did not inevitably spread to the universities,


An assessment of the financial condition of district governments in Kalimantan will provide an early warning to implement good regional financial management, so that regional financial health can be maintained. An analysis of the financial condition of district governments on the island of Kalimantan  has never been carried out. The APBD is one of the stimuli used by district governments to encourage regional economic growth. Therefore, based on this phenomenon, it is necessary to analyze the financial condition of the district government in all regions of Kalimantan. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach using the method of budget solvency, service solvency, and financial independence. The data used is secondary data, namely the 2014-2018 Budget Realization Report. The study population was 37 district governments on the island of Kalimantan. The research sample was 185 samples. The results of the research by the Government of Mahakam Ulu Regency which is located in East Kalimantan Province and Sekadau Regency in West Kalimantan Province have the highest budget solvency, while the solvency of Sambas Regency in West Kalimantan and Kutai Kartanegara in East Kalimantan has the lowest budget solvency. The best financial independence in all districts in Kalimantan was obtained by Penajam Paser Utara District in East Kalimantan and Lamandau District in Central Kalimantan. The lowest level of financial independence was obtained by Kayong Utara District, West Kalimantan and Mahakam Ulu Regency, East Kalimantan. Tana Tindung and Mahakan Ulu districts had the highest service solvency, while Kubu Raya and Sambas districts had the lowest solvency.Keywords; Budgetary Solvency; Financial Independence; Service-Level Solvency; and District Governments


Abstract In this paper, we give some approximation properties by Stancu–Chlodowsky type λ-Bernstein operators in the polynomial weighted space and obtain the convergence properties of these operators by using Korovkin's theorem. We also establish the direct result and the Voronovskaja type asymptotic formula.


A list of 136 lichen species from the Giresun province (Turkey) is reported. Among them, 73 are new records for province, and Acarospora molybdina is new to Turkey. Here with, the infraspecific taxa for the province rise from 475 to 548. Locality and substrate data is presented for each taxa. Brief taxonomic description and comments are also provided for the Acarospora molybdina.


Thickness of the petals for constructing contraction of low speed wind tunnel is larger and forming the petals is relatively difficult.Precision of manufacturing the petals makes more contribution on the quality of the air flow.Because the shape of these petals is different,it will increase the cost and lead time for manufacturing die set if traditional die forming is adopted.Hence,a new method of manufacturing curved surface in contraction of low speed wind tunnel is presented,which is the multi-point sandwich forming.The heights of adjusted pins in die set are determined by conversion of coordinate and discretized curved surfaces that belong to the contraction during this process.Before forming,the spring-back is predicted by numerical simulation to ensure the forming precision of the petal.After testing,the heights of pin need be adjusted again according to measurement results.Research shows that multipoint sandwich forming is suitable to form the workpieces with large radius of the curvature.Furthermore,more than two hundred hyperboloidal petals with different size and shape have been formed using this process with only one die set.


Third-grade class A hospitals undertake three tasks-medical service,scientific research and teaching.scientific research is the motivation for third-grade class A hospitals' continuous development and also an important symbol of their medical and academic level.On the purpose of evaluating overall scientific level of such hospitals this thesis analyze the scientific projects and the outcomes of 34 hospitals by using the method of literature research and questionnaire,extracting advantages for scientific research,seeking their problems and coming up with corresponding strategy.have analyzed the achievements we acquired as well as the problems still existing.According to the reality of Fujian Province,some suggestions are coming up with so as to improve the scientific research.

Key words:
Third-grade class A hospital;  Scientific research;  Status Corresponding Strategy


the publishers for making available the original text of the first work on dentistry written in English, its price is undoubtedly high. There are only two known copies of the 1685 edition, one is in the library of the College of Dentistry at New York University and the other is in York Minster, and from the latter the present facsimile has been taken. After the death of Robert Davies (1793-1875), who had been Town Clerk of York, his widow presented a collection of valuable books to the library of York Minster and among them was a copy of the 1685 edition of The Operator for the Teeth. In 1868 Davies had published a list of books printed by John White of York which included The Operator for the Teeth, but surprisingly medical and dental historians were unaware of the existence of this edition until a description of a copy then belonging to Dr. Theodor Blum appeared in the American press in 1931. It is perhaps the fascinating story of the confusion surrounding the three editions of the book, so admirably unfolded by Mr. Cohen in the introduction, which will make the publication of this facsimile most welcome to dental historians. The second edition of The Operator for the Teeth was issued in Dublin in 1686, and the third edition with the title, Curious Observations in that Difficult Part of Chirurgery relating to the Teeth was published in London in 1687. The introduction represents many years of diligent research by its writer, and it is a matter of regret to him that it has proved impossible to find any real information about Charles Allen himself. 'Operator for the Teeth' was the title then used by dentists who held appointments to the Royal family. After Allen's name on the title-page is 'Professor of the Same', and this phrase has in the past given rise to some discussion. It was merely meant to imply that the author followed the same profession as operator for the teeth. The treatise itself is a slight affair. It is not easy to be sure for whom it was intended. The poem seems to be directed at the public, whereas the advertisement at the end of the book appears to be addressed to such gentlemen as were inclined to practice the art of dentistry. The anatomy of the teeth and jaws is dealt with in an elementary fashion, …


Objective
Victims with shock-able initial arrest rhythms (ventricular fibrillation or pulse-less ventricular tachycardia, VF/VT) have much better outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) than those with non-shock-able initial rhythms (pulse-less electrical activities, PEA or asystole). Prompt defibrillation is believed pivotal to terminate lethal shock-able arrest rhythms. In this study, we were to identify those pre-hospital epidemiological factors which were associated with likelihood of shock-able rhythms first recorded when out-of-hospital cardiac arrest occurred.

Methods
A multicenter, secondary, retrospective and observational analysis was performed on all adult non-traumatic OHCA in the Resuscitation Outcome Consortium (ROC) PRIMED study from June 2007 through November 2009. Of a total of 17 177 OHCA cases in PRIMED study, 13 421 of them were enrolled in this study when those OHCA patients with DNR order, or initial rhythms unknown, or arrest caused by obvious cause were excluded. We reported their demographics and episode characteristics for all enrolled cases. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors which were associated with likelihood of VF/VT recorded as shock-able initial rhythms.

Results
Among 13 421 adult non-traumatic OHCA cases with initial rhythms recorded, 3 527 (26.3%) of them had shock-able rhythms, while 9 894 (73.7%) patients were in non-shock-able rhythms. Of the OHCA with shock-able arrest rhythms, 1 850(52.5%) obtained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the field, while 912 (25.9%) survived to hospital discharge. On the other hand, 2489(25.2%) of the OHCA with non-shock-able arrest rhythms obtained ROSC in the field, while 325 (3.3%) of them survived to hospital discharge. Multivariable regression analysis revealed those factors which indicated likelihood of shock-able rhythms recorded were: age(OR: 0.991,95%CI 0.988-0.993), male gender (OR1.887,95%CI1.718-2.073), pre-hospital Emergency Medical System(EMS) response time(OR0.950,95%CI 0.931-0.970), cardiac arrest witnessed by EMS providers(OR1.709,95%CI 1.423-2.054) or bystander(OR3.199,95%CI 2.921-3.504) and those with bystanders CPR (OR1.357,95%CI 1.239-1.487),public place of cardiac arrest (OR2.705,95%CI 2.437-3.003).

Conclusions
Some demographics and pre-hospital characteristics were proved associated with likelihood of shock-able arrest rhythms first recorded in OHCA victims, which might help develop corresponding strategies to deliver prompt shock on initially shock-able patients and improve their outcomes.

Key words:
Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest; Initial Rhythms; Defibrillation; Outcomes


The result of field studies suggest that the K content of sweet orange leaves may be increased markedly by using foliar applications of potassium nitrate solutions. Four potassium nitrate sprays at least were required to bring low levels to optimum concentrations in orange leaves. The total increase in leaf K content sampled on different days were maximum in 0.75 M and 1.00 M potassium nitrate treatments in Hamlin and Valencia during 1971 and 1972. The potassium nitrate sprays exerted a depressing effect on Ca and Mg contents of the leaves whereas the N and P concentrations were appreciably increased.


Designing a useful plasma toroidal multipole requires optimization of many parameters. The selection and design of the Wisconsin levitated octupole involved study of over 200 multipole configurations with a computer program based on the stream function ψ=rAθ. Plasma bridge thickness was maximized subject to having equal MHD‐stable flux inside and outside of the separatrices. To achieve sufficient outside flux in a quadrupole with reasonable stored energy and hoop weight requires hoops with a long and (radially) thin cross section. The field properties are then poor because of E lim →×B lim → drift into hoops. Octupoles do not have this problem, since (much lighter) hoops of circular cross section were essentially optimum. Sextupoles had disadvantages similar to quadrupoles. Octupole hoop levitation by the fields was achieved with two wall projections and no major sacrifice in outer flux. Perfect critical‐point degeneracy was traded for improved horizontal injection geometry, but flux between separatrices ...


In this paper, the applications, preparations and construction technology together with their key points of SBS in waterproof construction are introduced herewith. The problems of quality control in coustruction and the solution methods are also presented.


Previous work constructed fault-tolerant linear finite-state machines (LFSMs) by embedding a given LFSM into a larger, redundant LFSM that preserves the evolution and properties of the original one while enabling an external mechanism to perform concurrenterror detection and correction. In this paper, we construct fault-tolerant LFSMs that allow the external mechanism to perform nonconcurrenterror detection and correction (i.e., to perform checking periodically, for instance, once every N time steps). This approach relaxes the requirements on the reliability of the error detecting/correcting mechanism because the mechanism can operate at a slower speed than the rest of the system. We characterize constructions for nonconcurrent detection of single errors and also present schemes which use BCH coding to allow for efficient non-concurrent detection and correction of multiple errors.


In 1975 Greene and Steinbach (1) demonstrated the inferior vena caval extension of hypernephroma by the use of B-mode ultrasound. Gosink (2) demonstrated the value of gray-scale ultrasound for evaluation of intrinsic and perivascular masses of the inferior vena cava. Goldstein et al. (3) reported the echographic patterns of tumor thrombi in the inferior vena cava in 5 patients. Recently, McDonald (4 ) suggested that in the echographic evaluation of solid renal masses the inferior vena cava and the liver should also be scanned. We are reporting a case in which the inferior vena caval involvement and right atrial extension of a hypernephroma were demonstrated by gray-scale ultrasound.


PURPOSE: An array substrate for a liquid crystal display and a method of fabricating the array substrate are provided to fabricate an array substrate unbreakable even with external shocks by using a flexible substrate instead of glass substrate. CONSTITUTION: An array substrate of a liquid crystal display includes a lower substrate(173) made of a flexible material, a buffer layer formed on the lower substrate, and a thin film transistor formed on the buffer layer and constructed of a gate electrode(126), a source electrode(159) and a drain electrode(161). The array substrate further includes a gate line connected with the gate electrode of the thin film transistor, a data line intersecting the gate line, having an insulating layer between them, to define a pixel region, and a pixel electrode(171) connected with the drain electrode and formed at the pixel region.


The experiences with the European Monetary System during its first two years was the subject of the fourth and final seminar in a series organised by Robert Triffin under a grant from the Ford Foundation. While the first three seminars had been largely forward looking, the main purpose of the final seminar was to evaluate how the EMS had actually work. This introduction provides a summary of most of the contributions to the Copenhagen seminar.


After forming indentation at room temperature and annealing at high temperatures,the pinning effect of nitrogen on dislocations and the releasing mechanism of the plastic deformation energy are studied.The experimental results show that nitrogen can pin the dislocations efficiently.The dislocations in nitrogen doped Czochraliki silicon (NCZSi) move less than that in usual silicon (CZSi).The results indicate that the active energy of dislocations in NCZSi is higher than that in CZSi.Therefore,the plastic energy in NCZSi releases more quickly than that in CZSi.The possible mechanism of the plastic deformation energy release is also discussed.


Materials. Ub from bovine red cells was obtained from Sigma Aldrich and purified by extensive dialysis against pure water for 24 h at 48 °C, as reported elsewhere.1 Protein concentration in pure water was routinely measured by UV (ε 280 = 1280 M−1 cm−1). Dithiothreitol (DTT) was purchased from Fluka. IDE was purchased either from GIOTTO Biotech s.r.l .(Italy). Human recombinant Ub activating Enzyme (UBA1), E2-25K (E2) were purchased from Boston Biochem. Ammonium molybdate heptahydrate and sodium pyrophosphate were obtained from Aldrich and used without further purification. The solution containing 400 mM EDTA and 1,4 M NaOH was prepared and used for terminate the enzimatic reactions. For SDS PAGE NuPAGE® Novex® Bis-Tris gels and 2-(Nmorpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer were obtained from Invitrogen. For Western blotting, mouse anti monoand poly-ubiquitinylated conjugates, mAb (clone FK2) was obtained from ENZO Life Science. All solutions were prepared with ultrapure Milli Q water. Aβ1-40 (GenScript) was treated with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and hexafluoro-isopropanol (HFIP), as previously reported,2 in order to enrich the protein sample of the monomeric form.


: Knowledge of soil hydraulic properties is essential for modelling hydrodynamic phenomenons in soils under variably saturated conditions. This contribution focuses specifically on the properties of the top layer of soil which fundamentally influences the rainfall-runoff process, but the laboratory experimental proce-dures for the top-soil are very limited due to e.g. vegetation disturbing the experimental samples. The Richards equation describing the soil water flow process is here parameterised by the Mualem-van Genuchten model. The identification of the soil hydraulic parameters of this model is based on an in situ measurement of the single ring infiltration experiment. The experimental data and a priori information about parameters' values are combined according to Bayes' rule in order to obtain an updated probabilistic description of unknown parameters. The Bayesian inference is realized by the Markov chain Carlo method based on a less time-consuming polynomial approximation of the Mualem-van Genuchten model.


Background
 Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is the most common lethal genetic blood disease in the world, impacting approximately 100,000 people in the US, and about 25 million people worldwide (WHO, CDC 2019). Some literature refers to the SCD patients' barriers to appropriate care as "biopsychospiritual," indicating the complexity of the disease, and hence, call for a multi-dimensional approach to care (Adegbola et al., 2012). Considering the role of energy, protein and Vitamin D deficiency in SCD patients, a multi-dimensional approach to care that includes nutritional supplementation is worth investigating (Hyacinth, Gee and Hibbert 2010). There is limited research that illuminates the relationship between nutrition, food insecurity and health outcomes of those with SCD. Patients with SCD experiencing challenges of undernutrition are more prone to growth retardation in childhood, disease exacerbation, impaired immune function, and poor ulcer healing among other complications (Mandese et al., 2015).
 In Chicago, Illinois on the South and West Side where many SCD patients live, it is estimated that 35.1%-57.8% of people are food insecure (Gunderson, Dewey, Crumbaugh,Kato & Engelhard, 2016). This study aims to better understand food insecurity for SCD patients at the University of Illinois Hospital and Health Science Systems (UIHHSS) in Chicago, the largest adult sickle cell center in the Midwest. Physicians are uniquely positioned to address health inequities among their patients when they practice patient centered-care (Law, Leung, Veinot, Miller & Mylopoulos, 2016). Research shows that healthcare providers who are aware of external factors such as food insecurity, can be better advocates for their patients, and help them find ways to gain access to healthy foods (Nesbitt and Palomarez, 2016).
 Methods
 An exploratory study involving data collection of patient demographics, food consumption, and ability to access food was conducted. All patients at the Sickle Cell Clinic at UIHHSS who were interested in participating received a full explanation of the purpose of the study.Twenty-seven adult patients (19 female, 8 male) were recruited in the Sickle Cell Center waiting room. Food intake by patients with SCD was documented using the validated Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Participants self-administered the FIES questionnaire, followed by a one-on-one discussion with the interviewer. Qualitative data gathered from the follow-up interviews was used to investigate themes and provide clarity. Demographic information was collected to supplement the screening tool, as it is not a sufficient stand alone measure. Patient zip codes were referenced with the Distressed Community Index (DCI), a comparative measure of community well-being using census bureau data from 2012-2016.
 Outcomes
 Results of the analysis indicated the nutritional status of sickle cell patients and identified barriers to food access especially economic factors. Of the twenty-seven patients interviewed, 40% screened moderate and 22% screened as severe for food insecurity. The remaining 48% screening negative for food insecurity, but 80% of all patients did not consume the daily recommended dietary allowance of vegetables and fruits, and 44% worried about having enough money for food, citing that the cost of healthy food was a barrier to eating healthy. Based on zip code, 80% of patients live in a high DCI zone.
 Discussion and Limitations
 This study utilizes convenience sampling with a small sample size, which limits external validity. Conclusions from the data should not be made, but rather used to design larger confirmatory studies. The information could aid in aligning undernourished patients with social support and provide potential insight for clinicians into the management of patients with SCD.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


It has been proposed that Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiologic agent of Chagas' disease, produces mitogenic substances responsible for the polyclonal B‐cell activation observed during the acute phase of the infection. Isolation and characterization of the molecules involved in the induction of polyclonal activation observed during infectious diseases have posed a great challenge for the immunologist over the last decade. In this work we report that a 33 kD protein obtained from an alkaline fraction of T. cruzi epimastigotes (FI) stimulates proliferation and promotes differentiation into antibody‐secreting cells of normal murine B cells in a T‐cell independent manner. By flow cytometry we also found that the 33 kDa protein induces an increase in the expression of MHC class II and B7.2 but not B7.1 molecules on the B‐cell surface. Sequencing by mass spectrometry identified the T. cruzi 33 kD protein as hypothetical oxidoreductase, a member of the aldo/ketoreductase family. In this report we demonstrate that this protein is also present in the infective bloodstream trypomastigote form of the parasite and was identified as T. cruzi mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH) by enzyme activity and by Western blotting using a specific mMDH polyclonal antiserum. The biologic relevance of mMDH‐induced polyclonal activation concerning T. cruzi infection is discussed.


The results of the investigation and the analyses of physical-chemical propertie s for aeolian sand soils across Gurbantunggut Desert show that the aeolian soils mainly consist of extremely fine sand,fine sand and medium sand,and the soil textures of the northern desert is coarser than that of the middle and southern desert.The values of φ1 of the interdunes and the mean grain sizes of the dune-tops are respectively the highest in the different parts of those individual sand dunes.The sorting of the aeolian sand soils in the northern desert is poorer,and the skewness is extremely positive and the kurtosis is very leptokurtic.The sorting of the aeolian sand soil in the middle and southern desert is medium and better and the skewness is near symmetrical and the kurtosis is leptokurtic.The salt contents of the aeolian sand soils within the desert are all lower and the values of pH are medium.The salt contents and pH of the aeolian sand soils,whose sand surfaces are more stable,are higher.The contents of organic matter,total N and P of aeolian sand soils are all poorer,and the contents of total K mostly belong to med ium lever.The contents of total K and organic matter for aeolian sand soils in the northern desert are higher than that in the middle and southern desert.The contents of organic matter,total N and P in the interdunes and dune-slopes,where the vegetation are well developed,are generally higher than that of the stable and semi-stable dune-tops.With the differences of the local climates,land forms(including microlandform) and vegetations,the physical-chemical properties of the aeolian sand soils above-mentioned represent the special heterogeneity.


Objectives The influence of obesity on the outcomes of curative liver resection for malignancies remains controversial. We aimed to compare the in-hospital outcomes of liver resection for malignancy between obese and non-obese patients. Design This was a population-based, retrospective, observational study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest all-payer US inpatient care database. Setting Hospitalisations of adults ≥18 years old with diagnoses of primary hepatobiliary malignancy or secondary malignant neoplasms of liver in the USA were identified from the NIS database between 2005 and 2014. Participants Data of 18 398 patients ≥18 years old and underwent liver resection without pancreatic resection in the NIS were extracted. All included subjects had primary hepatobiliary malignancy or secondary malignant neoplasms of the liver. Patients were divided into obese and non-obese groups. These groups were compared with respect to postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and hospital cost according to surgical extent and approach. Interventions Patients were undergoing lobectomy of liver or partial hepatectomy. Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary endpoints of this study were postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and hospital cost. Results After adjustment, obese patients were significantly more likely to experience postoperative complications than were non-obese patients (adjusted OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.42), regardless of whether lobectomy or partial hepatectomy was performed. Furthermore, obesity was significantly associated with increased risk of postoperative complications in patients who underwent open liver resection, but not laparoscopic resection. No significant difference was observed in length of hospital stay or total hospital costs between obese and non-obese patients. Conclusions After adjustment for preoperative comorbidities and other potential confounders, obesity is significantly associated with greater risk of complications in patients undergoing open liver resection for malignancy, but not laparoscopic resection.


I thank you very much for the honour of your request to read this lecture before you. In preparing this lecture I anticipated your permission to give you only some personal experience and my personal opinion regarding large all-metal seaplanes, for I know rather little about the machines of other constructors. There is no branch of engineering where a big machine does not give a distinct advantage over an equally powerful combination of several small units. In our special case of the seaplane, these general advantages of the big unit are so obvious that they were recognised very early, and therefore I must not take your time by repeating them. I only mention the most outstanding quality of the large seaplane, i.e., its increased seaworthiness.


In each new generation of 3D NAND devices, a greater number of layers are stacked in a device to increase the bit density. Due to the high aspect ratio of the 3D NAND structure and the etch tilt presence, the overlay for certain layers (such as channel hole) measured at ADI (after development inspection) was often not representing the final patterned overlay or AEI (after etch inspection) overlay. Not only does the etch tilt introduce the ADI and AEI non-zero offset (NZO), the NZO could also be observed between the scribe line measured overlay and the in-device overlay. Traditionally the NZO is manually characterized as a static offset by linear or high order polynomial equation. To make ADI measurements match AEI overlay, the NZO correction is applied to ADI to predict the AEI result. With such correction, wafer rework is allowed once the predicted AEI is out of spec. However, the main limitation of this traditional approach does not consider the gradual change of etching and other processes. This ignorance results in accuracy degradation of the static model in a long term view. Therefore, real-time NZO characterization for accurate AEI prediction at ADI phase is strongly needed for the increasingly tight overlay requirement. But it is impossible to manually maintain and refresh these NZO compensations in real-time, especially for high volume production. In this paper, a real-time accurate AEI overlay prediction method will be introduced. It is based on the latest generation 5D Analyzer Workflow, a highly customizable and programmable platform, which provides a graphical and intuitive interface for IC manufacturers to design real-time workflows to control overlay. Keywords: 3D NAND, Overlay, Real-time NZO


The invention discloses a stainless steel fiber and ramie fiber long yarn blended yarn and a production method of the stainless steel fiber and ramie fiber long yarn blended yarn. According to the stainless steel fiber and ramie fiber long yarn blended yarn, the stainless steel metal fiber and the ramie fiber are served as the raw materials; the production method is implemented by four processes of pre-fabricating ramie fiber, fine silvering, mixing and manufacturing to form strips, and spinning; the blending ratio of the stainless steel fiber to the ramie fiber is (5 to 10): (90 to 95), and the quantity is 24N to 48 N; the blending yarn produced by blending the metal fiber and the ramie fiber includes about 5% of metal fiber, and has the performances of resisting static and resisting radiation and the like; the stainless steel wire has diameter at micron level; and new characteristics are generated, besides original metal performance, thus the performances of the electricity conduction, heat conduction and corrosion resistance of the stainless steel are kept, and the characteristics of softness similar to chemical fiber and high specific area can be achieved; and the stainless steel fiber and ramie fiber long yarn blended yarn is the base material for producing various stainless steel fiber products.


I visited Tara on 11 and 12 October as requested, to undertake a review of individuals who believe their health has been adversely affected as a result of coal seam gas exploration being undertaken in the region. Queensland Health provided the consultation room with the Tara health facility, and also advertised my attendance, and made appointments for those families and individuals who telephoned. In addition, I undertook telephone consultations of 2 individuals who were not able to attend in person. I explained to all attendees that I was collecting information to present a report to Queensland health. I assured them that I would only be presenting the identified the group data, rather than individual case histories, but explained that, because the small numbers involved, it might be possible to identify some individuals from the symptoms described, and hence I could not provide complete anonymity. I have listed in an Appendix to this report the individuals who presented for examination, or telephoned, so that the names could be omitted if the report is to be released to the public.


Industrialization and Covid-19 the two pillars showing the world adverse effects of air pollution and also on the other hand improvement of air index over the globe. During the pre-covid period the world saw industrialization and modernization paving path to air pollution. This 2019 pandemic still on-going did take millions of lives but healed the mother nature thus reducing pollution due to air pollutants (PM 2.5, CO2, NOx, SO2). Such adverse situation and lockdown over the world have taught people self-independence in their lives thus reducing the dependence on technology and annihilating all the possible pollution due to industrialization and automobiles: the new normal. This review solely focuses on the analysis of air index quality pre versus post covid and thus accepting the new normal for the healing of earth.


Acknowledgments. Introduction. Core concepts. Psychiatry case vignettes. Internal medicine case vignettes. Neurology case vignettes. Surgery/anesthesia case vignettes. Gynecology, oncology, and dermatology case vignettes. Appendix A: an overview of psychotropic drug-drug interactions. Appendix B: P450 tables. Appendix C: UGT or Phase II (Glucuronidation) tables. Appendix D: P-glycoprotein table. Case index. Subject index.


The author's observations permit a comparison of the distribution areas of a great number of species of Boletineae in order to discuss their phytogeographic relationships in Mexico. This is possj ble due to the majority of Boletineae species are ectomycorricic. Six groups of s,ecies with phytogeographic relationships are distinguished: 1) r el icts and disyunctions; 2) continuity with northern regions of the Golf of Mexico ; 3) continuity with neotropics ; 4) continuity with northwestern Nort America; 5) continuity with Australia, New Zealarrl SE Asia and Polinesia; 6) unnatural relationships and 7) historical relationships. Relatively few species or group of species permit demonstrable conclusions in historical phytogeography, time and precise direction of migrations , although i t is evident that mycoflora, at l east that of Mexican Boletineae is a combination of elements of an extraordinary heterogeneous origin


Aim
Aim. To evaluate lung function in patients with liver cirrhosis of the liver with conservative therapy and surgery tunneling liver.

Materials and methods
The study involved 55 patients with liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Patients were randomized into 2 groups. In the first group (n = 40) patients received medication. Patients of the second group (n = 15) was performed tunneling liver shunt operation.

Results
In patients with liver cirrhosis observed clinical and functional remodeling of the lung appears shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, and restrictive ventilatory disorders.

Conclusions
In patients with cirrhosis of the liver after tunneling is observed normalization of lung ventilation. After conservative treatment reliable normalization of lung function occurs.


New data on 10 Tephritoidea flies – Acidia cognata, Anomoia purmunda, Ceroxys urticae, Euleia heraclei, Philophylla caesio, Rhagoletis alternata, R. batava, R. cerasi, R. meigenii and Urophora cardui – and their distribution in Latvia are presented. The study material (flies) was collected in the period 2009–2013. R. meigenii was confirmed for Latvia 74 years after it was first recorded therein. A. purmunda is the most abundant species and Acidia cognata is reported for the first time. R. batava is an alien species that has arrived in Latvia only in recent years. R. batava is a serious pest of seabuckthorns.


In NaOH medium,Lead T(DBHP)P reacts with nonsurfactant to form a yellow complex,which has a maximum absorption peak at 479nm,proposed method has been used to determine nonsurfactant in real samples with satisfactory results.


I t is wcl l known that the toughness of steel is improved by the a ustenite grain r efinement. There a re many ways to obtain a fin e grain size . A typical example is to use fine AlN or Nb(CN) precipitate.1 ,2) Gladman3 ) h as developed a genera l theory on the mechanism controlling the austenite grain size in which he correlated the critical stage of grain coarsening with the size a nd the vo lume frac tion of precipitates . There are many expel"imenta l evidences concerning the austenite grain refin ement using carbides and nitrid es. George and Ira ni ) determined grain coarsening temperature of th e Ti bearing steels as about I 200°C, which is higher by lOO°C tha n th at of the cases of other precipitate particles. Sim il a r experimental resu lts on Ti containing steels were obtained by Bashford and George. 5 ) I t has been suggested from these works that the size and the volume fraction of TiN a re the major factors which control the austenite grain coarsening at high tempel"atu res , but no observation has been offered. The present work is to study the dissolution , coalescence a nd precipita tion of TiN in the austenite temperature range with special reference to the austenite grain size. A simple model is proposed on the m echa nism of controlling the austenite g rain size by precipitate pa rti cles.


Bangladesh is a sub-tropical and humid country. That is why, the infestation of insects during storage is very common here. The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), locally known as "Katta Poka", is one of the most serious cosmopolitan pest of stored cereal grain, especially of maize (Zea mays L.), in tropical and subtropical regions including Bangladesh. Considering the issue, the study was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications to evaluate the efficacy of four locally available botanicals and chemicals. The botanicals used were: Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf, Datura (Datura stramonium) leaf, Nishinda (Vitex negundo L) leaf and Garlic (Allium sativum L.) tablet powders at three different doses (3, 4 and 5gm)/100g of grain seed against maize weevil. The results revealed that all test materials at 5g doses exhibited higher mortality action against maize weevil while at 3g doses it gave the lowest percentage efficacy. Powdered leaves of neem and datura at 4 and 5gm were showed statistical significant (P<0.01) differences while powdered leaves of nishinda at the similar rates were observed with moderately effectiveness and powdered tablet of garlic gave the lowest mortality rate within 28 days of exposure in all tested doses. These findings suggest that botanical treatments exerted better mortality of maize weevil and reduced maize seed weight loss with higher germination capacity compared to the untreated control. It was also observed that the highest mortality percentage, lowest seed weight loss and highest germination capacity in the seeds which were treated with Sevin 85SP at the rate of 0.25g/100g maize seeds. Maize grains treated with botanicals, indicated that insect reproduction and development were impaired in all botanical pesticides. It is suggested that datura leaf, neem leaf powder can be used as good alternatives to chemical insecticides against S. zeamays due to their higher mortality, lower seed weight losses and higher germination capacity.


ABSTRACT We consider new methods of component extraction and identification for the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) – an aggregation of environmental variables created as a measure of overall progress towards environmental sustainability. Principally, we propose and illustrate a parametric version of Independent Component Analysis via Copulas (CICA). The CICA procedure yields a more coherent picture of the determinants of environmental sustainability.


Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been successfully integrated by fluidic self-assembly (FSA) into 10 /spl mu/m deep holes etched into an Si substrate. These 40/spl times/40/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 3/ devices were fully planarised and metallised after integration. The VCSELs operated pulsed at O.98 /spl mu/m with a threshold current as low as 75 mA and a turn-on voltage of 2.9 V.


The application of new-type heat-resistant block for preheating furnace in heavy plate mill solves the problem of the heated slabs which always have black spots and scars, which exists in pusher-type preheating furnace.The size, structure and material-chosen about the new-type heat-resistant block are introduced.


It elaborates the kinds of bridge cracks,and analyzes the reasons of bridge cracks from two aspects including structural cracks and non-structural cracks,it also brings forward effective measure to reduce the damage of cracks to bridge,and prolong the using life of bridge.


During their life, humans are exposed to numerous substances that are naturally present in the environment or that are the result of man made processes, including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, pesticides and veterinary drugs. Some of these substances can leave residues in food products and possibly expose consumers to their potential toxic effects. To address these problems extensive regulatory efforts are devoted to prevent, detect and control these substances from reaching the food supply. However, given the vast diversity of food products that requires monitoring and the immense diversity of potential chemical contaminants, the need for an efficient and vigilant residue prevention program cannot be underestimated. Residue concentrations in animal food products are generally determined in samples collected from edible tissues (e.g. muscle, liver, skin, fat) which can lead to a loss of valuable product. Additionally, variations between different edible tissues and products require the development and use of specific analytical procedures. This dissertation presents different aspects related to the nature and origin of potential chemical residues in food products and the regulatory process used for their prevention and control. Finally, it discusses the possible use of body fluids, namely blood, as a predictive indicator of the concentrations of antibiotic residues in target tissues for monitoring purposes. DISSERTATION DUPLICATION RELEASE I hereby authorize the University of Arkansas Libraries to duplicate this dissertation when needed for research and/or scholarship Agreed ___________________________ Ixchel Reyes Herrera Refused ___________________________ Ixchel Reyes Herrera This dissertation is approved for Recommendation to the Graduate Council Dissertation Director: ___________________________ Dr. Dan J. Donoghue


What is the problem and what is known about it so far? Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a potentially fatal condition characterized by weakness of the heart muscle. One of the most common causes of CHF is high blood pressure, which increases tension on the heart muscle and makes the heart work harder to push blood through the arteries. When the heart beats, it pumps blood through the arteries. Doctors can measure the pumping pressures (blood pressure) needed to maintain blood flow in several different ways: by measuring systolic pressure (the highest pressure achieved in the arteries as the heart muscle contracts), diastolic pressure (the lowest pressure recorded in the arteries as the heart muscle relaxes), and pulse pressure (the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures). Pulse pressure is a measure of stiffness of the arterial walls (or hardening of the arteries). Previous studies have shown that higher systolic and diastolic pressures increase the risk for developing CHF. Researchers have not yet determined whether pulse pressure is an important predictor of CHF in middle-aged people. Why did the researchers do this particular study? To find out which blood pressure measurements are most useful in determining the risk for developing CHF. Who was studied? 2040 people between 50 and 79 years of age with no history of heart disease or high blood pressure. These people were enrolled in a large, long-term study (the Framingham Heart Study). How was the study done? The researchers evaluated records of people who were first examined between 1968 and 1973 and who were then followed until 1994 to see who developed CHF and what their blood pressure had been. Factors other than blood pressure that may have affected the development of CHF were considered so that the effects of blood pressure alone (systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure) could be determined. What did the researchers find? 234 people developed CHF during the follow-up period. Pulse pressure was strongly related to the occurrence of CHF. Although both systolic and diastolic pressures were also related to CHF, pulse pressure was a stronger predictor than diastolic pressure (but somewhat weaker than systolic pressure). What are the limitations of the study? All people enrolled in the study were white; therefore, the results may not apply to other racial and ethnic groups. What are the implications of the study? While this study shows that pulse pressure is an important factor in predicting who is at risk for developing CHF, it does not show whether treatment aimed at decreasing stiffness of the arteries can reduce the incidence of CHF.


Space-Air-Ground integrated earth observation network(SAGIEON) is not only the most promising high-tech area,but also a fundamental infrastructure closely related to national security and economic/social development.Firstly,the scientific concept,key technologies,current situation and tendency of SAGIEON are comprehensively represented.Secondly,an integrated data processing system for native remote sensing satellites is introduced,including its objectives and key technologies.Thirdly,the connotation of generalized spatial information grid are proposed on the basis of the above mentioned discussions.Finally,some conclusions are drawn.For the propose of providing fast,precise and real-time spatial information service to everyone,it is very important to carry out research on the theories and technologies of SAGIEON.


In this paper,we study the invariant subspace for discrete equation,and talk the polynomial and trigonometric subspace,furthermore,the above invariant subspaces are applied to the semilinear heat equation and semilinear quadratic system.The results are as follows: if a certain differential operator admits a subspace,the corresponding discrete operator preserves the subspace invariant,and they have the same dynamical system.


A method to detect the oxygen and nitrogen contents in Ag-Cu alloy was established with measuring ranges of 0.0005%~0.02% for oxygen and 0.0001%~0.02% for nitrogen.Using a oxygen-nitrogen analyzer with helium as the carrier gas,the sample was melt down in a heated graphite crucible.CO and CO2 were generated by oxygen and carbon and CO was catalytically oxydized to CO2 by rare earth-copper oxide.The CO2 absorption peak was measured in the infrared detection pool.Nitrogen was turned into N2 gas and was loaded into the thermal conductivity cell by helium gas to detect the heat conductivity.Mass fractions of oxygen and nitrogen were then calculated by the computer.In the samples,the relative standard deviations(RSD,n=7)of 0.0026% and 0.0075% oxygen were separately 10.6% and 3.9%,with 100.5% and 100.9% of the standard addition recoveries.The relative standard deviations(RSD,n=7)of 0.00075% and 0.00013% nitrogen were separately 15.0% and 15.2% with 85.2% and 85.9% of the standard addition recoveries.The process is simple,convinient and timesaving.After putting into use in the analysis work of the practical samples,the experimental results are satisfactory.


The optimum air temperature for withering tea leaves in black tea manufacturing was, investigated in a thermo-hygrostatic room, changing the temperature from 20°C. to 45°C. and keeping the relative humidity at 60% under the air current velocity 0.05m./sec.1. The withering rate of tea leaves was expressed by the following equation. ?? (kg./hr.◊kg.)W0: dry weight of withered tea leaves (kg.)a: Coefficient a was determined by the air condition.t: withering air temperature (°C.)tm: leaf temperature in withering (°C)2. The leaf temperature had a close relation to the air temperature and indicated 17.3°C. at 20°C. of the air temperature, 22.2°C. at 25°C., 25.9°C. at 30°C., 30.5°C. at 35°C., 34.8°C. at 40°C. and 40.0°C. at 45°C. respectively.3. The activity of polyphenoloxidase in tea leaves was not influenced by the air temperature ranging from 20°C. to 45°C.4. The change of the tannin content in black tea made after higher temperature withering was larger than that at lower one, and the liquor of the former infusion was stronger than that of the latter.3. By testing the qualities of black tea, the optimum air temperature for withering tea leaves lay in the range from 25°C. to 35°C.The color of black tea made after withering at 20°C. was greenish and it was dull at 45°C.


The generalized Effros-Hahn conjecture for groupoid C * -algebras says that, if G is amenable, then every primitive ideal of the groupoid C*-algebra C * (G) is induced from a stability group. We prove that the conjecture is valid for all second countable amenable locally compact Hausdorff groupoids. Our results are a sharpening of previous work of Jean Renault and depend significantly on his results.


The paper presents tolerance analysis of SEPIC DC-DC converter. Based on a verified model, the influence of the accuracy of the magnetic components and the capacitors on the output indicators of the selected power electronic device is determined. In the study, the variation of the values of the elements was chosen to be performed in pairs, and due to the peculiarities of the power scheme the change of the inductors L1 and L2 is performed jointly, although a variant without magnetic coupling between them was chosen. Accurate quantitative assessment of this impact on the operating mode is presented in tabular form and through 3D graphs. In this way, the optimal selection of circuit elements is made at the design stage. The presented results are also useful for studying the stability and synthesis of optimal control of SEPIC DC/DC converter.


The key point of the paper is the improvement of public transport with a lower financial aid of the government by an increase of competition in public transport (public tender) and decentralisation of the management (in transport regions). In many papers competition and decentralisation are discussed and how these can be realised, but these are not discussed in terms of efficiency. Therefore the market ratio is the starting point of this paper. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 884059.


As many parts of the world markets are becoming saturated, it is becoming increasingly important for companies to seek new unexploited markets. Many emerging markets are currently undergoing sign ...


In this paper, a broadband radar wave absorber and a low infrared emissivity structure was proposed and demonstrated. The square patterned ink resistive film was specifically designed so that they can absorb incident electromagnetic (EM) wave at different frequencies. The square Metasurface (MS) has both high transmittance to radar wave and low infrared emissivity. We adopt a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on equivalent circuit model (ECM) to optimize the structure. The whole bi-stealth structure was fabricated and measured at standard environment. Both the simulated and experimental results indicated that this absorber has absorption for more than 90% from 2.4 to 20.4 GHz at normal incidence while the infrared emissivity is 0.257. The 7mm thick structure would have broad application in many aspects.


The spectra of thermally stimulated conduction currents (TSCC) in (TmBi)3(FeGa)5O12:Ca2+ ferrite-garnet films have been investigated with the purpose to reveal electrically active centres. The samples were fabricated by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) from melt solution on the Gd3Ga5O12substrates with the crystallographic orientation (111) with the use of Bi-containing flux (without Pb). Increasing the concentration of Ca2+ions in the films were realised by increasing the concentration of CaO in the melt solution. The obtained films contained Ca2+ ions from 0,03 f.u to 0,1 f.u. With the help of standard thermoactivation current spectroscopy the spectra of the initial samples and samples subjected to ultraviolet radiation and negative corona discharge were obtained. The characteristic parameters of electrically active defects were calculated.


J C Jaeger London: Methuen 1969 pp viii + 268 price £1 10s This monograph contains five chapters, the first on the ideas of stress and strain, the second on the elastic and nonelastic behaviour of metals, rocks and other actual materials, the third on the equations of motion and equilibrium for various types of material, and the fourth and fifth on applications. There are many books on elastic theory and properties of matter, but this one is distinguished by its unified treatment of the elastic and nonelastic behaviour of materials that are of special concern to the geologist and geophysicist, and the final chapter is wholly devoted to structural geology.