1. Discovering Academic Freedom 2. Protecting Academic Freedom 3. Academic Freedom in the Courts 4. Academic Freedom in Time of Crisis 5. Academic Research and Academic Freedom 6. Academic Freedom and Artistic Freedom 7. Academic Freedom in Cyberspace 8. Whose Academic Freedom? 9. Bias, Balance, and Beyond: New Threats to Academic Freedom 10. Academic Freedom in Perspective Notes Index


The thermodynamic and viscous properties of cerium chloride in aqueous formic acid studied with the help of ultrasound sound velocity, density and viscosity. The data obtained during the study used for determining other parameters like adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, specific acoustic impedance and relative association. These parameters are used to discuss the ion solvent interaction of cerium chloride in aqueous formic acid at 30 ο C, 35 ο C and 40 ο C temperatures.


P2P lending industry in Indonesia has undergone a significant growth in the past two years. The growth of the sector has been perceived positively by public and the government. With the very first P2P lending regulation has just being released in late 2016, the sector is still in its early phase. Yet, there are possible necessities to institutionalize P2P lending service platform, as possible various service and business model of P2P lending and fintech in general may come in hindsight. This research is intended to see possible lessons learnt on regulating P2P lending sector, based on the case of China and India. The feasibility on implementing such lessons is then being discussed through Actor and Network Analysis approach. The result shows that among the three countries compared, Indonesia which adapted a functional regulatory supervision approach is seen as having more stabilized and best adapted financial services regulatory system compared to China and India. Lessons learned therefore are to focus their current regulatory directions and goals set out by central regulators. The result of Actor and Network Analysis suggested that in order to continue such regulatory goal, collaborations and growth theme should be fostered in the ongoing regulatory framework in order to accommodate the interest of borrowers, P2P Lending Owner, and collaborative partners.


The UTD mote system (UTMOST) is a low power all purpose platform for wireless sensor nodes (WSN) based on offthe-shelf components. UTMOST offers a number of improved functionalities over previously designed platforms, e.g., energy consumption, wireless reprogramming, processing frequency, an d storage capability. This paper details how hardware components are selected and integrated to enable such improvements. Experimental measurements demonstrate, among other things, a reduction of 37% in sleep current compared to previous platforms. The proposed design enables extended remote programming and lower maintenance, longer lifetime, and the support of more computational intensive applications.


The objective of this research is to improve testing process of optical transceiver in order toprevent dust and scratch on lens by applying six sigma approaches consisting of 5 phases - Define phase,Measure phase, Analysis phase, Improve phase and Control phase. Based on the result of studying, it wasfounded 3 main models have shown the low yield - average about 88.9%. There is equal to the cost of defectsaround 14,000 $ per month. In this regard, one has been selected from 3 main models to study. Importantly,the methodologies to screen factors comprise Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Cause and Effect Diagramtechniques and Reliability Theory. Accordingly, the factors which affect significantly to the testing process areboth dust and scratch on lens occurred from fiber cleaning method and dust from LC holder. Yield of testingprocess after implementation have been improved significantly from 84.49% to 93.06%, which is equivalenceto the cost of defect reducing from 17,000$ to 7,500$ per month , approximately cost saving 55.88% per month.


Main purpose of regulation of weight in the sport is conclude in getting an advantage in effect in contrast with adversaries in the concrete weight category during the appearance on competitions. Purpose of study was conclude in the development and motivation of practicability of shaping readiness of wrestlers to competitions in borders elected весовой category, direct on the achievement increased соревновательной capacity to work in competition. Within the framework of the scientific study is install that regulation of weight beside athletes a pedagogical problem, however in the sport use a pedagogical regulation of weight. Experimental way are install rational borders of reducing a weight, are remove factors of advantage in effect on weight to categories and formula of calculation of advantage in effect when reducing a weight in the concrete weight category. Designed and is experienced-experimental way are approve strategies of reducing a weight and recovering the power possibilities of athlete after before competitions regulation of weight when preparing and participation in competitions is efficient for shaping readiness of wrestlers to competitions in borders elected weight category.


The effect of diamagnetic dilution of the Fe sublattice on the structural and magnetic properties of the double perovskite Sr{sub 2}Fe{sub 1-x}Ga{sub x}ReO{sub 6} (0 =}0.4 is detected by x-ray structural analysis accompanied by the observation of a magnetically ordered and a paramagnetic phase in the corresponding Moessbauer spectra. Below 20% Ga content, Ga statistically dilutes the -Fe-O-Re-O-Fe- double-exchange pathways. Phase separation begins at 20% Ga substitution; between 20% and 40% ofmore » Ga content, the paramagnetic Ga-based phase does not contain any Fe. The Fe-containing, paramagnetic cubic phases which can be detected by Moessbauer spectroscopy first appear for x=0.4.« less


There is a recent trend in the history of medicine that considers shedding more light on the great human tragedies of WWII, particularly those related to the Nazi party. Research has also been conducted to identify the victims, especially those whose bodies were used for anatomical/pathological purposes (Hildebrandt, 2014, with a very detailed bibliography), including teaching materials: Eduard Pernkopf's (1888–1955) atlas of anatomy has probably been the most debated example (Israel & Seidelman, 1996; Hubbard, 2001). This trend is also expressed in another way, consisting of in-depth analyses of the biographies of some physicians in the era in exquisite detail, in order to decide whether his or her name deserves — on the basis of his or her behavior and not of his or her contributions to science — to be kept or to be eliminated from medical terminology (Strous & Edelman, 2007). These so-called "tainted" eponyms (Woywodt, Lefrak, & Matteson, 2010) are the topic of this article. Fully aware of the sensitivity surrounding this subject and of the deep scar left on humankind by these historical events, we want to make clear to the reader that this article does not necessarily object to, or endorse, this trend. Our only goal is to provide food for thought from a linguistic point of view, especially as similar matters of conscience might well mushroom throughout other scientific (and even popular) vocabulary. Let's start with a well-documented example taken from the field of neurosciences: the physician and neuroscientist Julius Hallervorden (1882–1965) and the neuropathologist Hugo Spatz (1888–1969). In 1922, these scientists described a hereditary (autosomal recessive) disorder characterized by accumulation of iron pigment in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra, leading to rigidity (beginning in the lower extremities), choreoathetoid movements, dysarthria, progressive mental deterioration, with death usually occurring before the thirtieth year (Hallervorden & Spatz, 1922). As usual in the history of medicine, this condition was subsequently referred to as Hallervorden-Spatz disease. In the following years, Hallervorden and Spatz held high positions at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Hirnforschung (Head of Neuropathology Department in 1938, and Director in 1937, respectively). Biographical studies have revealed their sympathies with the Nazi Party and (at


EnglishThe aim of this paper is to examine M. Richir's phenomenology by focussing on its relation to texts, in terms of both reading and writing. First, this relation is brought back to its roots in Descartes and Husserl. The discussion begins with the possible motivation for the socalled 'hyperbolic' phenomenological reduction, namely, its dependence on Descartes' Metaphysical Meditations and Husserl's contributions to Phantasia in the very act (carried out by Richir himself) of reading them. Second, the hyperbolic reduction is discussed with regard to how it could become habitual (in the sense of an habitus) for the practising phenomenologist. In this way, Richir's phenomenology can be understood in terms of the act of writing.Writing is a process that opens up the transitional space to phenomenality in its wild state. francaisDans cet article, nous tentons d'entrer dans la phenomenologie de Marc Richir en interrogeant sa relation aux textes, dans la lecture comme dans l'ecriture. Dans un premier moment, nous revenons sur la situation que dessine la phenomenologie de Marc Richir, soit la relation croisee qu'elle entretient avec Descartes et Husserl. Ce faisant, il s'agit d'aborder la motivation possible de la reduction phenomenologique hyperbolique dans ce qu'elle doit a la lecture, operee par Marc Richir, des Meditations metaphysiques de Descartes et des textes de Husserl consacres a la phantasia. Dans un deuxieme moment, l'epoche phenomenologique hyperbolique est approchee, non plus a partir de ce qui peut la motiver, mais a partir de ce qui permet d'en faire un habitus pour le travail phenomenologique : nous abordons, ici, la phenomenologie de Marc Richir dans sa relation a l'ecriture comme ouverture de l'espace transitionnel ou peut avoir lieu le « contact » avec la phenomenalite dans sa dimension sauvage.


C008 Application of Anisotropic Velocity Modeling and Pre-Stack Depth Migration in the Deepwater Gulf of Mexico S.L. Neal* (Chevron) SUMMARY Seismic imaging in the Deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GoM) has been and continues to be a challenge for all phases of exploration and development. Although the presence of an anisotropic velocity structure has long been recognized it is only occasionally analyzed rigorously or integrated into seismic imaging. A significant challenge posed in the shift to anisotropic imaging is the development of stable and geologically robust workflows. Our anisotropic Pre-Stack Depth Migration (PSDM) workflow consists of three key steps: building the


In this article, I provide a typology of transition words/phrases. This typology comprises 12 dimensions of link words/phrases that capture 277 link words/phrases. Using QDA Miner, WordStat, and SPSS—a computer-assisted mixed methods data analysis software, content analysis software, and statistical software, respectively—I analyzed 74 manuscripts that were submitted to the journal Research in the Schools over a 2-year period ( i.e. , 2014-2015). Among other results, these analyses revealed the most common link words/phrases and the most common dimensions of link words/phrases, as well as the dimensions that best predicted whether or not a manuscript was rejected by the editor.


In this paper, we study the refined multifractal formalism in a product symbolic space and we estimate the spectrum of a class of inhomogeneous multinomial measures constructed on the product symbolic space.


Tick-borne Lyme disease can cause serious medical complications, and UK annual diagnoses have trebled over the last two decades. Those working in farmland/forestry or having contact with animals (including deer) in high hazard areas are at greatest risk. The talk will outline ongoing BDS funded research on ecological determinants of Lyme disease and potential habitat based interventions, and give practical advice on how BDS members can reduce their risk of contracting the disease.


Histopathologically, alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by a dense accumulation of mainly T lymphocytes around and within affected hair follicles [1]. This event is accompanied by an overexpression of ICAM-1, and class I and II MHC molecules on hair follicle keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells (DPC) [2, 3]. The cascade of immunological events is not lethal for crucial elements of the hair follicle, which is why AA is usually [...]


The objective of this paper is two-fold; first, to test whether exchange rates are cointegrated with macroeconomic fundamentals as the theory predicts and secondly, to examine whether flexible-price monetary models can be used to predict and forecast future exchange rates successfully. The panel cointegration tests find the series to be
cointegrated. The panel group FMOLS estimation results indicate that the estimated coefficients of money supply and real output levels relative to the US, in addition to the interest rate differentials, are statistically
significant and carry correct positive, negative and positive signs respectively. The findings show that monetary models could be an important tool for explaining and forecasting the exchange rates of these ASEAN 5+2 countries in the long run.


In this paper, we propose a new digital watermarking method based on fractal image coding using DWT and HVS. The method decomposes an original image into subbands LL1 and LL2 using DWT. In fractal image coding, LL1 and LL2 are used for the range blocks region and domain blocks region, respectively. This scheme can embed the watermark robustly against JPEG compression because it embeds the watermark sequence into the subband LL1 using fractal image coding. In addition, the quality of the watermarked image is good in spite of embedding into LL1, because we handle the fractal processing to only the candidate range blocks selected by an embedding judgment processing based on HVS. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only improves robustness against JPEG compression but also improves the quality of the watermarked image when compared with conventional techniques.


Boosting is a general approach for improving classifier performances. In this research we investigated these issues with the latest Boosting algorithm AdaBoostMl. A trial and error classifier feeding with the AdaBoostMl algorithm is a regular practice for classification tasks in the research community. We provide a novel statistical information- based rule method for unique classifier selection with the AdaBoostMl algorithm. The solution also verified a wide range of benchmark classification problems.


SERDS (shift excitation difference spectroscopy) and SSRS (subtracted shifted Raman spectroscopy) methods were applied for fluorescence-background rejection in the Raman spectra of colored materials. These techniques are based on the assumption that the fluorescence contribution can be completely eliminated by subtracting two Raman spectra acquired at two shifted laser excitation frequencies. For the SERDS method a micro-Raman experimental apparatus coupled with a tunable diode laser (central emission at 684 nm) was set up. SSRS measurements were made on a commercial micro-Raman instrument; in this case the shifted spectrum was obtained by moving the spectrometer grating. Raman spectra were then reconstructed by applying the difference deconvolution method that automatically converts the difference signals in Raman peaks through a deconvolution operation. These techniques were tested on two reference colors (ultramarine and 6,6′-dibromoindigotine) and two colored samples of unknown composition (a Pompeian pink powder and a blue paint from a XVII century painting). Fluorescence-background subtraction and the following operation of spectra reconstruction took place successfully with no errors in Raman peaks, width and wavenumber position. In addition, even weak spectral details were revealed favoring the comparison with reference data for a molecular identification. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Relevant technologies of radar target electromagnetic scattering is introduced briefly,with importance of fast multipole method( FMM) in the solution is analyzed firstly,the principle of this method is illustrated with the complication of the algorithm and consumption of memories are demonstrated,the present and the trend of development of FMM is demonstrated through typical numerical examples in the third part,the conclusion comes at last.


We present a new curvilinear algorithmic model for training neural networks which is based on a modifications of the memoryless BFGS method that incorporates a curvilinear search. The proposed model exploits the nonconvexity of the error surface based on information provided by the eigensystem of memoryless BFGS matrices using a pair of directions; a memoryless quasi-Newton direction and a direction of negative curvature. In addition, the computation of the negative curvature direction is accomplished by avoiding any storage and matrix factorization. Simulations results verify that the proposed modification significantly improves the efficiency of the training process.


Introduction In the document 'Data Description, Populations and the Normal Distribution' a sample had been obtained from the population of heights of 5-year-old boys. If we assume that this variable has a Normal distribution (an assumption that is, in fact, entirely reasonable) then it will have a population mean, μ, whose value is very likely to be of interest. As this is a population parameter we will never know its true value, because we will never have a complete enumeration of the population. Consequently we will have to content ourselves with knowing what we can about μ on the basis of random samples drawn from the population.


in English During the last twenty years the share of researchers in the w orkforce has been rising in OECD countries. In the same period, the distribution of schoolin g has become more equal. This paper proposes that the rise in the proportion of researchers is ca u ed by the decline in schooling inequality. In particular, comparative static analysis of a semi-endogenous growth model demonstrates that a rising proportion of researchers can be steady state phenomenon when schooling inequality is declining over time. This outcome c an be accompanied by a rise in the wages of high-skilled labor compared to low-skilled labor.


The Baguamiao super large gold deposit is well known for its over hundred tons of resources in Feng County of Shannxi Province.Considering the oreforming rules and prospecting model of the Baguamiao deposit,a prospecting work for gold deposit in Fengtai Devonian strata has been carried on,and near hundred of secondary halo anomalies with over ten sites have been discovered recently,of which the most anomalies haven't been deeply examined.The author has tried to summarize and conclude the ore-controlling factors of the Baguamiao-type gold deposits,and analyzed the ore-forming perspective of them,in order to offer some references for selecting working area in future prospecting.


Two selection goals of inclusion or exclusion of calving interval (CI) in the selection goal function for Holstein cows in Iran, besides milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage, were studied. Four selection indices were composed of using the information on production traits, CI and / or days from calving to first insemination (DFI). The results of the predicted genetic growth in selection goals showed that the index composed of all production and reproduction traits generated the greatest genetic growth. Although CI had a negative coefficient in the selection goal, it is genetic mean increased in any case. However, the magnitude of this undesirable increase was lower in the CI included selection goal. This implies that the inclusion of CI in the selection goal is necessary to control the undesirable growth of this trait. The comparison of indices in this goal reflected that the inclusion of CI along with the production traits resulted in a smaller undesirable change in this trait. Constraining the genetic change in CI in the selection goal impaired the selection efficiency. So, this constraint is not recommended for breeding programs.


The study addresses the way, according to the author, in which must be resolved the problem of the concurrence of termination events in an administrative contract. It is common that parties attribute non-compliances to each other or the coexistence of termination events with different effects each of them. In these situations, the termination event which must be applied as a matter of priority with its corresponding associated effects must be determined. In this context, it should be pointed out the doctrine of the Spanish Council of the State according to which the termination event occurred before in time is applicable as a priority. However, the author considers that should be taken into account the priority in time regarding the invocation of the termination event («activacion») rather than its appearance («aparicion»). Thus, the general rule is that termination events may be used by the party of the contract which has not caused them. However, the aforementioned rule does not entail that the party which may invoke a termination event, actually does so (la active), even though the presence of a material circumstance that justifies the existence of the termination event.On this basis, the author concludes that it is the priority in time of the invocation of the termination event [«activacion»] (and not of its mere appearance) [y no de la simple «aparicion»] which determines the termination event applicable as a priority when several termination events concur.


In this work, we have performed numerical simulations of primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the Friedman-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe filled by radiation fluid, introducing the local-type non-Gaussianity to the primordial curvature fluctuation. We have compared the numerical results from simulations with previous analytical estimations on the threshold value for PBH formation done in the previous paper [1], particularly for negative values of the non-linearity parameter f NL. Our numerical results show the existence of PBH formation of (the so-called) type I also in the case f NL ≲ -0.336, which was not found in the previous analytical expectations using the critical averaged compaction function. In particular, although the universal value for the averaged critical compaction function 𝒞̅𝒸 = 2/5 found previously in the literature is not satisfied for all the profiles considered in this work, an alternative direct analytical estimate has been found to be roughly accurate to estimate the thresholds, which gives the value of the critical averaged density with a few % deviation from the numerical one for f NL ≳ -1.


We discuss consistent power counting for integrating soft and collinear degrees of freedom over arbitrary regions of phase space in the soft-collinear effective theory, and illustrate our results at one-loop with several jet algorithms: JADE, Sterman-Weinberg and ${k}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$. Consistently applying soft-collinear effective theory power counting in phase space, along with nontrivial zero-bin subtractions, prevents double counting of final states. The resulting phase space integrals over soft and collinear regions are individually ultraviolet divergent, but the phase space ultraviolet divergences cancel in the sum. Whether the soft and collinear contributions are individually infrared safe depends on the jet definition. We show that while this is true at one-loop for JADE and Sterman-Weinberg, the ${k}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ algorithm does not factorize into individually infrared safe soft and collinear pieces in dimensional regularization. We point out that this statement depends on the ultraviolet regulator, and that in a cutoff scheme the soft functions are infrared safe.


This brochure explains the South Carolina Long Term Care Ombudsman Program and lists contact information for the 10 regional offices in South Carolina.


Rudyard Kipling wrote 'The Road to Mandalay' in 1892 when Burma was a British colony and Queen Victoria was the Empress of India. In the poem, Mandalay is a city some 500 miles along the Irrawaddy River from the capital, Rangoon. British troops stationed in Burma were transported on the river by paddle steamers. The picture painted of Asia is one of the exotic, a land of palm trees with sultry weather and exquisite women in traditional dress. 'The Road to Mandalay' was a part of a series of Barrack-Room Ballads, a collection of poems which celebrated British army life and the soldier serving in new and distant territories.


The Swedish IT-stomme (IT-structure) project is a two year research project, which is aimed at applying product models in practice and developing modelling tools for cast in place concrete structur ...


Seasonal variations of economic zooplankton in the Inner Gulf of Thailand were investigated during 2009-2011. Twenty-two stations were grouped in to 5 areas, namely, river mouth, east coast of inner gulf, west coast of inner gulf, middle gulf and outer of the inner gulf. The results showed that seven groups of economic zooplankton were found as shrimp larvae, alima larvae, zoea and magalopa, phyllosoma larvae, bivalve larvae, gastropod larvae, and fish egg and fish larvae. Comparing with areas of study, the highest average density of economic zooplankton found in the east coast of inner gulf (13.37X10 3 ind/100 m 3 ), followed by the outer of inner gulf (11.95X10 3 ind/100 m 3 ), river mouth (10.43X10 3 ind/100 m 3 ), and middle gulf (7.96X10 3 ind/100 m 3 ), respectively. The west coast of inner gulf had the lowest at 7.00X10 3 ind/100 m 3 . While seasonal variation of these economic zooplankton in the dry season mostly found higher than those in the rainy season except fish egg and fish larvae. The density of these zooplankton revealed in the dry and rainy season of 10.63X10 3 ind/100 m 3 and 9.49X10 3 ind/100 m 3 , respectively. Keywords : economic zooplankton, season, abundance, distribution, Inner Gulf of Thailand


To clarify the pathogenesis of delayed cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the authors studied changes in lipid peroxides (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TRS) and their scavenging enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the serum of SAH patients and normal subjects. The CSF of the normal subjects was almost devoid of both TRS and GPx. A sudden increase in GPx activity in the CSF of SAH patients appeared to be due to the efflux of serum GPx to the subarachnoid space. GPx in the CSF decreased within 2-4 days after SAH, and in some cases the TRS content then became elevated and delayed vasospasm ensued. Following SAH, serum TRS increased, reaching a plateau 4-5 days after onset. GPx also increased 1 or 2 days later. The increase in serum TRS appeared to be a consequence of blood clotting within the subarachnoid space and may have stimulated GPx activity. The findings suggest that lipid peroxides present in the CSF and the serum of SAH patients may be responsible for development of delayed vasospasm and that serum GPx might play an important role in controlling it.


We successfully extend a multiscale simulation (MSS) method to nonisothermal well-entangled polymer melt flows between two coaxial cylinders. In the multiscale simulation, the macroscopic flow system is connected to a number of microscopic systems through the velocity gradient tensor, stress tensor and temperature. At the macroscopic level, in addition to the momentum balance equation, we consider the energy balance equation, where heat generation plays an important role not only in the temperature distribution but also in the flow profile. At the microscopic level, a dual slip-link model is employed for well-entangled polymers. To incorporate the temperature effect into the microscopic systems, we used the time-temperature superposition rule for the slip-link model, in which the temperature dependence of the parameters is not known; on the other hand, the way to take into account the temperature effect in the macroscopic equations has been well established. We find that the extended multiscale simulation method is quite effective in revealing the relation between nonisothermal polymeric flows for both steady and transient cases and the microscopic states of polymer chains expressed by primitive paths and slip-links. It is also found that the temperature-dependent reptation-time-based Weissenberg number is a suitable measure for understanding the extent of the polymer chain deformation in the range of the shear rate used in this study.


Nitrosyl hemoglobin (Hb) from carp shows a resonance Raman spectrum characteristic of 6-coordinate (NO) heme. Switching the quaternary structure from R to T by addition of insitol hexaphosphate (IHP) at pH 5.8 does not produce a 5-coordinate spectrum, as it does for human Hb. Only intensity changes are seen for bands at ∼490, 387 and 357 cm−1, indicating a subtle alteration in the porphyrin-protein interaction. In carp deoxy Hb, IHP addition produced a shift of the Fe-ImH (ImH = imidazole) stretching mode, from 223 to 214 cm−1. The band remained symmetrical, indicating essential equivalence of the subunits. This is in contrast to human deoxy Hb for which the R-T shift in the Fe-ImH frequency is much greater in the α than the β chains. In carp Hb all the Fe-ImH bonds appear to be weakened in the T state, but to an extent insufficient to induce rupture upon binding NO.


Emerging patterns in species distribution Human influences are leading to a shift in the geographical distribution of animal species. Capinha et al. compared the distributions of native mollusk species with those introduced to new areas by human activities. The ranges of native species are still broadly constrained by limitations on their capacity for dispersal, whereas those of the introduced aliens are affected more by climate and patterns of human movement. As humans continue to break down barriers to dispersal, more species' distributions will come to be limited by their environmental tolerances. Science, this issue p. 1248 Human-mediated dispersal of mollusks is changing the way they can colonize new environments. It has been argued that globalization in human-mediated dispersal of species breaks down biogeographic boundaries, yet empirical tests are still missing. We used data on native and alien ranges of terrestrial gastropods to analyze dissimilarities in species composition among 56 globally distributed regions. We found that native ranges confirm the traditional biogeographic realms, reflecting natural dispersal limitations. However, the distributions of gastropods after human transport are primarily explained by the prevailing climate and, to a smaller extent, by distance and trade relationships. Our findings show that human-mediated dispersal is causing a breakdown of biogeographic barriers, and that climate and to some extent socioeconomic relationships will define biogeography in an era of global change.


THE BEGINNING OF THE FOURTEENTH TABLET OF UARRA HUBULLU The fourteenth tablet of the Babylonian lexicographical series Harra bubullu, which lists the Sumerian and Akkadian words for all kinds of animals, has been translated and commented upon by Landsberger in a treatise called Die Fauna des altenMesopotamien nach der 14. Tafel der Serie IJAR-RA = 6ubullu.' The text offered by Landsberger has been compiled from a series of more or less fragmentary duplicates; the variants that deviate from the readings of the tablet on which the text as reconstructed by Landsberger is based are given only in footnotes. The opening lines of the first section, which lists the names of all kinds of serpents, are given by Landsberger as:


In this study, the value-added of a new upper-level chemistry course, CHEM 372Organometallics, was defined using a Student Beliefs Survey that was answered by students in CHEM 372 and by faculty who teach upper-level chemistry courses at Coastal Carolina University. The laboratory portion of CHEM 372 focused on the synthesis of a [2]-catenane, which is a molecularly interlocked molecule (MIM). The intention was to give the CHEM 3 72 students a goal to work toward over the course of the semester instead of different, unrelated, experiments each week. Using this style oflab teaching, the students were introduced to graduate school-level research and real-world application oflaboratory technique. From the survey, the course was found to be 85% valuable, based on the similar responses between the experts and students. This indicates that CHEM 372 is a value-added, studio-based (laboratory-based) course that should be kept in the Coastal Carolina University's Chemistry Department as an upper-level course option for chemistry students. Introduction Interest in involving undergraduate students in research has continued to grow over the years in response to initiatives from the National Science Foundation (NSF) [!a], the Council of Undergraduate Research (CUR) [!b), the National Conferences on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) [!c), and other organizations, as well as faculty desires to enhance the undergraduate experience and preparedness for future endeavors. In fact, the ACS Committee on Professional Training (CPT) Supplement states, "research can be the most rewarding aspect of an undergraduate degree" [2]. Although many institutions,


A parallel approach for analysis of transient scattering by dielectric objects using time domain integral equation(TDIE) method is developed.It employs the time domain PMCHW integral equations with the RWG spatial basis functions and quadratic B-spline temporal basis functions.Parallel computation is implemented based on using the MPI communicator.Numerical examples show that the proposed scheme is stable and accurate.The results are found in good agreements with analytical or MoM solutions.


The development cost of higher education originates from the impersonal and subjective inconsistency of higher education practice.The research on causes of higher education cost enables us to deeply recognize the nature and characteristics of cost,to classify research on cost and to further research on the relationship between cost and development in higher education.Moreover,it gives more evidences and solutions on how to control and solve the problem derived from cost of higher education.


In this study high spatial resolution (1 m) hyperspectral images and LiDAR data (8p/m2) was applied to discriminate among tree species of mixed forest. The main objective of this study was to apply machine learning methods using crown segments for image classification. A watershed segmentation algorithm was used to delineate individual crowns from a filtered CHM model. The image classification was applied on the original spectral bands and transformed (MNF) dataset. A binary tree SVM classifier was developed in accordance with the principle of SVM, based on the Jeffries-Matusita (JM) separability measure of selected classes. The ABTSVM on MNF-transformed dataset provided more accurate results than applied multiclass SVM methods. The addition of crown segments resulted in an increase in classification accuracy of 14.51 percentage points over pixel-based classification alone.


The harmful information on Internet has been restricting the process of network,and become a very important part in Internet governance.In order to clean the harmful information effectively,we must study its propagation mechanism on the Internet.Based on the Internet topology and dynamic behavior of the biological propagation model,this paper separately presents a harmful Internet information propagation model in free space and in the governance condition.From the results of the two models,we can see that the structure of Internet topology determines the harmful information propagation mechanism.In the free space model,reducing the infection coefficient of infected nodes and the number of infected nodes in central nodes is an effective way to prevent harmful information propagation.And in the governance propagation model,protecting the central nodes,reducing the infection coefficient of infected central nodes and increasing the governance coefficient is one of ways to governance the Internet harmful information.


Originally developed with a single language in mind, the JVM is now targeted by numerous programming languages—its automatic memory management, just‐in‐time compilation, and adaptive optimizations—making it an attractive execution platform. However, the garbage collector, the just‐in‐time compiler, and other optimizations and heuristics were designed primarily with the performance of Java programs in mind. Consequently, many of the languages targeting the JVM, and especially the dynamically typed languages, are suffering from performance problems that cannot be simply solved at the JVM side. In this article, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the character of the workloads imposed on the JVM by both dynamically typed and statically typed JVM languages. To this end, we introduce a new set of dynamic metrics for workload characterization, along with an easy‐to‐use toolchain to collect the metrics. We apply the toolchain to applications written in six JVM languages (Java, Scala, Clojure, Jython, JRuby, and JavaScript) and discuss the findings. Given the recently identified importance of inlining for the performance of Scala programs, we also analyze the inlining behavior of the HotSpot JVM when executing bytecode originating from different JVM languages. As a result, we identify several traits in the non‐Java workloads that represent potential opportunities for optimization. © 2015 The Authors. Software: Practice and Experience Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.


and harmony, has about it a kind of arrogance. No obiter dicta by theologians can sweep away the conflicting truth claims in the arena of human religiousness. The second alternative is exclusivism in the style of Kraemer. This offers intellectual consistency and spiritual reassurance to the modern-day Christian bewildered by pluralism. But its price is high. Officially, the Barth-Kraemer tradition eschews arrogance and intolerance. Yet it asks us to ignore the religious life of the overwhelming majority of humankind save as an expression of their social and historical existence. The third option offered by Rahner and D'Costa draws on the Roman Catholic tradition of natural theology. It grants an intellectual basis for discernment and dialogue among religions but does not give up the center of Christian faith. It places Christianity as the discerning point within the broader category of human religiousness. It has great advantages except for those who remain unconvinced by its natural theology-a not inconsiderable number. Is there not another way? Is there not the way of reinterpreting and reliving Christian revelation that finds its universal claims couched not in the forms of arid exclusivism but creative witness?


Abstract
Background:
 Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acuteself-limited vasculitis that primarily affects
children under 5 years. It is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed
countries. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin are the main stay of treatment. 20% of
patients are resistant to IVIG, presenting increased risk of coronary aneurysms. Several scores have
been developed in Japan to identify patients with increased risk of resistance to IVIG


One of the most fundamental concepts influencing the development of human civilization is numbers. While societies today rely on their understanding of numbers for everything from mapping the universe to running word processing programs on computers to buying lunch, numbers are a human invention. Babylonian, Roman, and Arabic societies devised influential systems for representing numbers, yet the story of how numbers developed is far more complicated. Concepts such as zero, negative numbers, fractions, irrational numbers, and roots of numbers were often controversial in the past. Numbers deals with the development of numbers from fractions to algebraic numbers to transcendental numbers to complex numbers and their uses. The book also examines in detail the number pi, the evolution of the idea of infinity, and the representation of numbers in computers. The metric and American systems of measurement as well as the applications of some historical concepts of numbers in such modern forms as cryptography and hand calculators are also covered. Illustrations, thought-provoking text, and other supplemental material cover the key ideas, figures, and events in the historical development of numbers.


Objective After spinal cord injury (SCI), hybrid stimulation patterns that interpose paired-pulse doublets over a constant-frequency background may enhance the metabolic "work" (muscle torque) performed by paralyzed muscle. This study examined the effect of background stimulation frequency on the torque contribution of the doublet before and after fatigue. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Research laboratory in an academic medical center. Participants Five men with chronic sensory and motor-complete SCI and ten non-SCI controls (6 males, 4 females). SCI subjects were recruited from a long-term study of unilateral plantar-flexor training; both limbs were tested for the present study. Interventions Subjects underwent plantar flexor stimulation at 5, 7, 9, and 12 Hz. The four background frequencies were overlaid with 6 ms doublets delivered at the start, middle, or at both the start and middle of each train. The 5 Hz and 12 Hz frequencies were analyzed after fatigue. Outcome Measures Mean torque, peak torque, torque fusion index, doublet torque. Results Trains with doublets at both the start and middle yielded the most consistent enhancement of torque (all P < 0.028). Torque contribution of the doublet was greatest at low stimulus frequencies (all P < 0.016). The low relative fusion of untrained paralyzed muscle preserved the efficacy of the doublet even during fatigue. Conclusion Hybrid stimulus trains may be an effective way to increase contractile work in paralyzed muscle, even after fatigue. They may be useful for rehabilitation strategies designed to enhance the metabolic work performed by paralyzed skeletal muscle.


This study is sociolinguistics. It focuses on register used by the workers of PT. Multi Duta Utari. In production Department, workers in PT. Multi Duta Utari, used register in context with their occupation. They use register when they communicated in location production department of PT. Multi Duta Utari. The data taken are from in the two statements, there are what are the type of the register used by the workers of PT. Multi Duta Utari, and why do the workers use such as the register. There are the objectives of the study that must be answered: (1)To identify the registers used by the workers in company of PT. Multi Duta Utari (2)To describe the reasons why the workers use such registers. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data are collected from the sources including the subject and the place from the collecting data analysis, and triangulation. Finally, the writer hopes that the finding will be useful to enrich our insight of sociolinguistics.


Objective To explore the relationships between psychological stress and physical activity(PA)among college students,and to provide basis for mental health education.Methods Using Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Check-list(ASLEC) and International Physical Activity Questionnaive(IPAQ) with reference of evaluation criterion by Unites States Center for Disease Control and Prevention and American College of Sports Medicine,we performed an intervention in 120 college students with different intensity of PA and psychology education,and analyzed the correlation between the PA and psychological stress.Results The stress scores of high intensity PA,moderate intensity PA,walking and the control group were 46.50±1.88,47.55±2.65,49.81±1.28,and 50.61±1.85,respectively,during the intervention,and 44.67±1.75,46.51±2.20,49.37±1.15,50.50±1.82 after the intervention.There were noticeable changes in their stress level after the intervention(P0.05).A linear regression model was constructed after intervention,suggesting a prediction of PA(95%CI=57.339-67.629) to psychological stress.Conclusion High and moderate intensity PA had a positive effect on psychological stress in college students.


This study aims to find out how the premeditated murder behavior are occured. The study aims to reveal how participants lived in childhood, experiences in teenagers, and the lives of participant after became an army soldier. The research used qualitative approach with life history method. Data collected using structured interview method consisting of 1 core participant. The result of data analysis shows that during his childhood, participant did not have an emotional attachment with his parents. In adolesence, participant was involved in a peer group who brings him to substance abuse and manipulative behavior. As an army soldier, participant observed a model of violence which aggravates his way to criminal behavior. This lifepath is conditioning for participant to use violence as a way to reach his goals.


Characterisation of rainfall and identification of potential climate drivers in the South Australia (SA) region are significantly important for the development of climate change adaptation strategies and for its sustainable natural resources management. This study demonstrated the existence of statistically significant trends in SA rainfalls. It also identified the existence of correlations between SA rainfalls and potential climate drivers (SOI, DMI and Nino3.4). Fifty-three high quality rainfall stations distributed across the eight SA natural resources management (NRM) regions have been used for the analyses. Robust statistical techniques for trend identification (Mann-Kendall, Linear Regression and Spearman rho tests) and bivariate correlation analysis (Pearson, Spearman and Kendall tests) have been followed. A bootstrapping method was applied for significance analyses. Increasing annual rainfall trends were observed for the Arid Lands, Alinytjara Wilinara and Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges regions whereas decreasing trends were found for the Murray Darling Basin, Eyre Peninsula and South East regions. Both upward and downward trends were identified in the Northern and Yorke region. Seasonally, summer and spring rainfalls exhibited increasing trends in most of the regions whereas autumn and winter rainfalls showed decreasing trends. During Australian summer and autumn, significant correlations with the SOI were observed in the SA south eastern NRM regions. Both SOI and DMI were found significantly correlated with winter rainfalls in the SA south east region. DMI was also found to be correlated during spring in all NRM regions except for the Alinytjara-Wilurara region. Correlation with Nino3.4 was mostly observed in summer in the Arid Lands region. This paper also includes a discussion on possible teleconnection paths for these climate drivers.


Taxi is one of the urban public transportation that can attract customers with several services provided. There are 2 options for ordering taxi transportation services, conventional and online. This study aims to enable us and the public as taxi customers to find out how the difference between a conventional taxi booking system and online and looks like what the two systems look like. In technical data processing and analysis techniques both of these are carried out simultaneously. After getting the data to make observations and direct interviews to the saturated data which is then processed and the data is analyzed by the descriptive approach of the induction method, which is a contradictory thought drawn in general.


Autism is a developmental disorder involving cognitive problems, communication and social interaction. The term autism to date is still a lot in the community who do not know well what is meant by people with autism, so often people with autism are considered not have the ability.
Objective: The purpose of writing Scientific Writing is to know the management of physiotherapy in cases of autism using Play Exercise, Stimulation and Facilitation in increasing Attention and sensory.
Results: After 6 weeks of therapy, the results showed a decrease in the field of social interactions and the sensory auditory experienced an increase that was previously only able to distinguish now been able to associate.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy modalities provided under these conditions are able to relieve and activate genetic and natural motor programs, support specific and natural motor and cognitive skills, increase muscle strength, relax muscles, develop balance and coordination, maintain respiratory or respiratory control.


This article was developed privately by the author. No official support or endorsement by the Department of Education is intended or should be inferred. FOR OVER A PERIOD of 20 years the applied research component of the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) has been located in the Division of Innovation and Development. Whereas millions of dollars have been expended and hundreds of research projects have been funded, little attention has been paid to the quality of the research. Furthermore, whether that research is meeting the needs of the disabled it purports to serve has seldom if ever been questioned. Some go so far as to say that &dquo;education research has failed to improve education in the classroom (Hechinger, 1984, p. 4),&dquo; which is probably too harsh a comment on the state of research in special education. Yet, about the vast quantity of research produced in special education there lingers an air of skepticism regarding its usefulness. Nevertheless it must be continued particularly in the area of transition. Students with handicaps have an intolerable dropout rate that ulti-


The Multi-party Cooperation and Political Consultation System under the leadership of CPC is a basic political system in China,and is a socialist political system with Chinese characteristics.Since the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party,the Multi-Party Cooperation System has been constantly upgraded,with its theory and policies being developed and improved,thus accelerating the development of socialist democratic politics in China.


In vitro studies were performed to quantify the putative allelopathic effect of pollen from Phleum pratense (Aveneae: Poaceae). Extract from ground pollen was partitioned, using ion-exchange chromatography. Acidic, basic, and neutral fractions were isolated. These fractions, along with extract from intact pollen, were applied in increasing concentrations of the equivalent of 0 (control), 0.1, 1, 3, 5, 10, and 25 pollen grains of P. pratense/μL. Pollen from five sympatric, wind-pollinated species of Poaceae and P. pratense was germinated on agar medium that contained different extract concentrations. In response to increasing extract concentrations, from intact pollen or from acidic fractions, mean percentage of germination of pollen of Agropyron repens, Bromus inermis, Danthonia compressa, and Poa compressa decreased in a nonlinear manner. Basic, neutral, and solvent fractions did not show any allelopathic activity; hence, the allelochemicals may be acidic in nature. An extract concentration equivalent to 0.1 grains/μL was sufficient to inhibit pollen germination in these four species. Hence pollen allelopathy requires fewer pollen grains than may exist on foreign stigma in situ. Pollen from P. pratense was not autotoxic. This, together with the lack of a pollen-allelopathic effect on the contribal Agrostis stolonifera, indicates that members of the Aveneae may be able to detoxify the pollen allelochemicals. Similar experiments, using extracts from intact pollen from 11 populations of Phleum across eastern Canada revealed that the pollen-allelopathic effect on sympatric populations of Agropyron repens was consistent, save for the lone population of Phleum arenarium. Allelopathic pollen may occur in most populations of P. pratense in eastern Canada but not in P. arenarium.


Image Wave" is a new study paradigm based on the hypothesis which is summarized as follows. 1) Images like movies that exist in time have their own rhythms, and those rhythms are formed as synthesized waves, each of which has its own frequency, phase and fluctuation. 2) Images in the mind themselves are synthesized waves. According to this hypothesis, our study searches for a new way of multimedia component synchronization based on the internal rhythm information of the components.


This study sought to find a depiction of innovation made by the principal and teachers at MIN 1 Lebong concerning the madrasah's final exams academic year 2018/2019, amid the lack of media, by replacing the Computer-based madrasah's final exams (UAMBK) to Android-based madrasah's final exams (UAMBA). Thus, it called for an in-depth study to see its implementation. This study employed a qualitative approach. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation techniques, and the data were subsequently analyzed using Miles, Haberman, and Saldana' version of analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. This study concluded that the implementation of Android-based final exams, or the so-called UAMBA, was considered quite effective and efficient because it had several advantages including saving more budgets, being able to minimize the delay of UAM test packages, minimizing the occurrence of cheating during exams, making it easier for students, and making the exam results capably known quickly because the manual implementation of national exams was costly, wherein it demanded budgets for printing national exam packages and distributing those national exam packages.


Background: The Frank-Starling Law states that cardiac stroke volume increases in response to increase in left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (preload). Analysis of novel, sensitive markers ...


Consider a reflection from a finitely-complete category $\mathbb{C}$ into its full subcategory $\mathbb{M}$, with unit $\eta :1_\mathbb{C}\rightarrow HI$. Suppose there is a left-exact functor $U$ into the category of sets, such that $UH$ reflects isomorphisms and $U(\eta_C)$ is a surjection, for every $C\in\mathbb{C}$. If, in addition, all the maps $\mathbb{M}(T,M)\rightarrow \mathbf{Set}(1,U(M))$ induced by the functor $UH$ are surjections, where $T$ and 1 are respectively terminal objects in $\mathbb{C}$ and $\mathbf{Set}$, for every object $M$ in the full subcategory $\mathbb{M}$, then it is true that: the reflection $H\vdash I$ is semi-left-exact (admissible in the sense of categorical Galois theory) if and only if its connected components are "connected"; it has stable units if and only if any finite product of connected components is "connected". Where the meaning of "connected" is the usual in categorical Galois theory, and the definition of connected component with respect to the ground structure will be given. Note that both algebraic and topological instances of Galois structures are unified in this common setting, with respect to categorical Galois theory.


Application of the modern ship structural design procedure is presented on the megayacht example for all design phases (concept, preliminary and detail). Benefits of utilization of modern rational design support technique (FEM, optimization, etc.) are demonstrated through achieved results (reduction of weight/cost and increase of safety). Approach which employs full ship FEM model which enables simulation of realistic 3D effects without restricting assumptions proved to be the right choice. Presented work is a result of successful cooperation trough joint work of industry and University of Zagreb research teams and represents an example of modern procedure in structural design of complex ships. different double bottom framing were optimized regarding structural mass combined with control of safety measures and VCG position. Design constraints were scantlings' ratios and min-max values, local vibrations criteria (analytically calculated), and LR safety criteria (Lloyd's Register, 2004—Part A). The efficient solutions were generated for selection of the preferred design variant (mass/length ratio ranged from 30.14 down to 21.88 t/m with increase in all safety measures. Preliminary Design Phase (PDP): main structural scantling of the selected preferred mega-yacht was verified using refined full ship FEM model. Global hull girder and substructure free vibration calculation were performed using FEM to verify acceptance of vibration criteria. Detail Design Phase (DDP): FEM model was further refined to fine mesh level to suit LR requirements (Lloyd's Register, 2004.—Parts B & C) for verification of critical structural details: large side screens, windows and side openings; connection of arc structure to hull; critical details in aft ship structure, etc. The objective of the paper is to: A. Present the structural Design Support System (DeSS) rationale for the design optimization in which the CDP is the most important phase, since all critical questions are to be resolved in short time by making the most far-reaching decisions regarding ship's safety and costs. B. Show the need for the Pareto Supported Decision-making (PSD), with safety as one of the objectives replacing the old paradigm where safety is only a constraint, promoting thus


The purpose of this study is to verify the influence of organizational change on organizational effectiveness of schools using a moderating variable of investment for cloud computing technologies and the study subjects are directors at the second level and above and teachers (lecturers and above) from a Technology University in Taiwan. It adopts convenience sampling to select samples from the population, and applies the method of structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify the goodness-of-fit effects for overall model, structural model and measurement model in this study. The conclusion made by this study is that while this case school is implementing its organizational change, the investment for cloud computing technologies has made a significantly interactive influence on organizational effectiveness.

 Key words: Organizational change, organizational effectiveness, investment for cloud computing technologies.


An acoustical palette for urban design interventions was developed as part of a soundscape study for the redevelopment of a transition district in a medium-sized city. Design strategies included reducing, buffering and mitigating undesirable existing sounds; preserving and enhancing desirable existing sounds; and introducing design elements that bring with them new sounds and activities that are desired to enhance the acoustical, architectural and social life of the district. A series of acoustical measurements, modeling, auralizations and corresponding architectural design studies were executed to explore the possibilities for the acoustical interventions as urban design strategies. The result of the study consists of a series of aural and architectural images of proposed design elements for inclusion in the new district plan.


This research work deals with the studies conducted to assess the fracture and fatigue behaviour of a Nb-V microalloyed (MA) steel and a Ni-Cr low alloy (LA) steel in their asreceived and welded conditions. Fracture Mechanics principles were employed to evaluate the fracture initiation, fatigue initiation and fatigue crack propagation behaviour in the above alloys and their weldments prepared by employing submerged arc welding (SAW) process. The effects of crack orientation (i.e. thickness, weld centre-line and transverse to weld), variation in heat input and the condition of welded joint (e.g. as-welded versus stressrelieved) on the above properties have been demonstrated. The fatigue crack initiation and propagation studies were conducted for both the MA and LA steels. The fracture initiation studies, however, were performed only for MA steel. For the MA steel, all the studies were performed on specimens extracted from single bevel butt joints. In case of LA steel, the fatigue initiation studies were conducted on specimens obtained from multilayered weld deposits and in the thickness direction only; whereas, for fatigue crack growth studies, specimens prepared from single bevel butt joints were used. All the investigations were performed in the laboratory environment at ambient temperature. Chapterwise detail of the report follows. Chapter 1 presents an introduction to the various studies undertaken in the present investigation. The significance and the relevance of the proposed research topic have been highlighted. Chapter 2 presents a review of literature on the subject concerning the present investigation. It starts with a review on the status of the materials selected for this study along with the welding processes employed to fabricate structures using them. This is followed by a detailed review on the conventional test methods used to evaluate the various parameters relating materials, strength, toughness, fracture and fatigue properties along with their limitations. The next subsection pi-esents a review on the various fracture mechanics parameters to characterise the fracture initiation, resistance to slow stable tearing, fatigue initiation, fatigue crack propagation, etc. In the light of the literature review, the aim and the scope of the proposed investigation have been spelled out. Chapter 3 deals with the experimental programme covering the details of welding and test procedures. An account of materials, preparation of test specimens and heat treatment, etc. have been presented. The experimental techniques for evaluation of tensile properties, crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) toughness, crack growth resistance curves (R-curves), tearing moduli, etc. for the base metal, weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ) have been presented. The procedure for the determination of the fatigue crack initiation and propagation characteristics have also been detailed. The experimental techniques employed for investigating other aspects of this study namely, hardness survey, optical metallography and SEM fractography have been described. Chapter 4 presents the results of the hardness, metallographic and fractographic studies from different zones of the weldments of the steels investigated. Typical optical and SEM micrographs revealing microstructural details of different regions have been presented. The microscopic features of fracture and fatigue revealing the mechanisms of the failures are highlighted through the results of fractography. Chapter 5 is concerned with the fracture initiation studies in MA steel. Expressions for R-curves are presented along with discussions on them. The CTOD fracture toughness of base metal, weld metal and the HAZ of the weld joints, determined by using R-curve methodology are reported and discussed. Computation and analysis of tearing moduli for the different zones of weld joint have been included. The effects of crack orientation and weld condition on the fatigue initiation behaviour of the steels investigated have been demonstrated. Chapter 6 presents the results of fatigue initiation studies in the two steels. For the MA steel, the results of the initiation studies in two directions (i.e. along the weld centre-line and transverse to it) along with the influence of the stress-relieving heat treatment are presented. Fatigue crack initiation models and initiation threshold levels are reported and discussed. In addition, the results of the initiation studies conducted in the thickness direction of multilayered LA steel weldments as influenced by different combinations of welding wires and fluxes have been reported and discussed. Chapter 7 presents the results and discussion of the fatigue crack propagation studies in the butt joints of the steels under investigation. The resistance to fatigue crack propagation of the as-received steels vis-a-vis the weld joints has been examined. Besides, the influence of crack orientation, heat input and weld condition on the fatigue crack propagation characteristics of the weld joints has been demonstrated. Chapter 8 consolidates the results and the discussions presented in Chapters 4 through 7. Some additional correlations have also been included. Chapter 9 is devoted to the conclusions derived from the present investigations. Finally, a list of references has been presented at the end.


The physics which control aircraft ice accretion are reviewed in the context of identifying and forecasting hazardous icing conditions. The severity of aircraft icing is found to be extremely sensitive to temperature, liquid water content and droplet size distribution particularly near the transition between rime and mixed icing. The difficulty in measurement and the variability of these factors with altitude, position and time coupled with variable aircraft sensitivity make forecasting and identifying icing conditions difficult. Automated Pilot Reports (PIREPS) are suggested as one mechanism for improving the data base necessary to forecast icing conditions.


Two simple, fast, and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods for determination of nortriptyline hydrochloride (NTPH) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations have been developed. These methods are based on the formation of chloroform-soluble ion-association complexes of NTPH and bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromopyrogallol red (BPR) in NaOAc-HCl buffer of pH 3.29. Absorption maxima of both complexes were recorded at 410 nm and at 425 nm, respectively for BPB and BPR. Reaction conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum color intensity. The systems obeyed Beer's law in the analyte's concentration ranges of 0.1-7.2 μg mL -1 and 0.5-23.4 μg mL -1 for BPB and BPR, respectively. The proposed methods are simple, accurate, and suitable for analysis of pharmaceutical formulations.


Green design of complex product based on concurrent engineering is a complex systems engineering. It can share the information resources of concurrent engineering and green design, shorten the development period of the products, lower the cost of the products' life cycle and develop the quality of the products which is required by the concurrent engineering and green design. This paper discusses the meaning of green design based on concurrent engineering of complex product, analyses its primary character and researches its key technology: system of product data management, database and knowledge base of green design, collaborative simulation and virtual manufacturing technology and evaluation system of green design


In northern, ranch-fresh calves, MTX reduces the incidence of BRD and has better utility administered on arrival compared with relying on morbidity as a signal for timing antimicrobial administration.


The best reaction condition of microtitre fluctuation test was obtained in polluted water to detect mutagenicity by analyzing bacteria liquid and S9 volume fraction using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 as test strain,and diaminofluorene as positive reactor.By using the best reaction condition,response of strain TA97,TA100,TA102 in polluted water had been analyzed to establish suitable reaction conditions for Salmonella typhimurium in detecting the mutagenicity.


In this paper, a novel algorithm for mining maximal frequent patterns is proposed based on projection sum frequent items tree. This algorithm projects the transaction base into a projection sum tree and it can store the frequent itemsets in the tree in a compact manner. The algorithm builds frequent patterns tree directly as FPMax algorithm does. However, all the nodes of PSFIT are sorted and ordered, the children of which are also sorted and ordered. It doesn 't need to generate conditional FP-tree dynamically and recursively and it can take advantage of computational result that has been done. The experiment shows that PSFIT is an efficient algorithm, it has comparable performance with FPMax, and in most cases it outperforms FPMax.


The article analyses several preliminary rulings of the CJEU issued in response to references from Polish administrative courts. These rulings dealt with a number of issues relevant to both EU law and Polish law: the independence of the courts and the judges from the Member States, primacy of EU law, the scope of the term 'technical standards and regulations' in EU law, judicial appeal procedure against administrative decisions refusing visas, the limitations of the right of citizens of the Union to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States, and the competence of administrative courts to conduct evidence proceedings in order to implement the preliminary rulings


A high-throughput ultrasound/photoacoustic probe for delivering high contrast and signal-to-noise ratio images was designed, constructed, and tested. The probe consists of a transvaginal ultrasound array integrated with four 1mm-core optical fibers and a sheath. The sheath encases transducer and is lined with highly reflecting aluminum for high intensity light output and uniformity while at the same time remaining below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) recommended by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The probe design was optimized by simulating the light fluence distribution in Zemax. The performance of the probe was evaluated by experimental measurements of the fluence and real-time imaging of polyethylene-tubing filled with blood. These results suggest that our probe has great potential for in vivo imaging and characterization of ovarian cancer.


A phenomenological theory, based on a relativistically covariant generalization of Maxwell's equations to include gravitational fields, is developed to account for the magnetic fields of massive rotating bodies. The equations yield the Wilson–Blackett expression for the magnetic moment of the earth and stars but give no magnetic field for mass-bodies moving without rotation in their own gravitational fields. They indicate that the magnetic field due to the motion of the earth in its orbit is negligibly small compared to the field due to its rotational motion, and they provide a possible explanation for the variable magnetic fields of light-variable stars.


In order to detect passively targets fixed on the ground or targets on the sea surface with multi-flight-vehicle cooperation, a continuous passive TDOA (Time difference of arrival) location method is presented which can be applied to multi-flight-vehicle platform. Measurement information used in the method includes time difference, angle of target, and distance between receiving stations. Nonlinear system model is established in the method. In order to continuously estimate the target's accurate position, Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is used to solve the nonlinear model. The method solves the problem that mobile platforms in the air cannot give accurate passive TDOA location of targets, when the receiving stations' positioning is inaccurate and the configuration of the stations is unfixed. Simulation results show that the continuous passive TDOA location method has high location accuracy and strong convergence, and change of spatial configuration of multi-flight-vehicle cooperative flight has little influence on the positioning accuracy.


Although herpes zoster is not a reportable condition in the United States, its incidence has been inferred from a variety of studies to range from 3.2 to 4.2 per 1,000 patient-years. This incidence translates into an estimated 1 million cases of herpes zoster annually. Overall, an estimated 32% of persons in the United States will have herpes zoster during their lifetimes. In a recent population-based study in Olmsted County, Minn., researchers found that the incidence of herpes zoster was 3.6 per 1,000 patient-years. The researchers also found that the incidence and rate of complications increased with age, with 68% of cases occurring in those aged 50 years and older. There is a substantial increase in herpes zoster incidence for individuals aged 60 years and older, making the annual incidence in this population approximately 10 per 1,000 patient-years. Herpesviridae have been known to science for many years. The family contains more than 100 types of viruses that infect vertebrates, though only eight types are known to infect humans—herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, varicellazoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and human herpesviruses 6, 7 and 8. Varicella-zoster virus is highly contagious and causes two distinct clinical syndromes—a primary infection that is manifested as varicella (ie, chicken pox) and a secondary latent infection that is manifested as herpes zoster (ie, shingles).


The endocranial anatomy of Pygoscelis calderensis, a fossil species from the Bahía Inglesa Formation (Middle Miocene–Pliocene) of Chile, South America, was described through CT scans. Reconstructions of the fossil P. calderensis and endocasts for the living Pygoscelis adeliae, and Pygoscelis papua are provided here for the first time. Comparisons with the extant congeneric species P. adeliae, Pygoscelisantarctica and P. papua indicate that the morphological pattern of the brain and inner ear of the extant pygoscelids has been present already in the Middle Miocene. The neurological morphology suggests that the paleobiology of the extinct form would have been similar to the extant species. It was probably true for diet, feeding behaviour and diving kinematics.


dermatological composition for topical treatment of rosacea and process and corresponding use. dermatological composition, cosmetic or therapeutic, for the treatment of facial flushing and telangiectasia expressed in disease rosacea, comprising ruscogenin and stearyl glycyrrhetinate. It is prepared with the following steps:... # [A] preparing an aqueous phase # [b] Preparing a fat phase containing ruscogenin and stearyl glycyrrhetinate # [c] emulsify the aqueous and fat phases # [d] Incorporate other secondary components. # the composition can be used as cosmetic dermatological preparation for the treatment of facial flushing and telangiectasia expressed in disease rosacea.


Method and apparatus for operating to regulate the body temperature regulation states in mammals is provided. In the method of the present invention, thermal energy is moved between the thorax / abdomen center and head of surrounding and mammals. In general, the transfer of thermal energy between the center and the surrounding thorax / abdomen occurs at negative pressure conditions. Method and apparatus of the present invention can be used to raise the thorax / abdomen core body temperature of a mammal, in this case, thermal energy is introduced into the chest / abdomen center mammals, removal from mammalian head It is being or low temperature is simply applied. Method and apparatus of the present invention also can be used to reduce the chest / abdomen core body temperature of a mammal, in this case the thermal energy is removed from the chest / abdomen center of mammals, it is introduced into the mammal's head or heat is simply applied.


Measures of quality controlare introduced m ainly in the aspects of m anufacture and installation of em bedded parts,invisible-fram e structure construction,lightning and fire protection and glass installa- tion.


Abstract The Act No 186/2009 Coll. on financial intermediation and financial advisory and on amendments and supplements to certain laws is reflecting on the topic of liability. It is incorporating provisions about the liability for damage at the pursuit of financial advisory. The attention is being paid to the liability for damage caused to the professional or non-professional client at the pursuit of financial advisory. In accordance with the element of the liability legal relationship, the subjective aspect, the liability for damage caused at the pursuit of financial advisory represents a subjective liability, where fault is necessary. Our proposal de lege ferenda is the introduction of strict liability for damage caused at the pursuit of financial advisory.


Power generation system using a deep water in the apparatus is provided. The system includes a Barasutobui where the structure reaches the desired depth in deep water, attached to Barasutobui, Barasutobui sink and reaches the desired depth in deep water, a hollow tube of substantially vertical, by placing the Barasutobui the desired depth location in deep water, a converter for converting the substantially physical environment that is created within a vertical hollow tube energy it includes.


BACKGROUND Headache and migraine can lead to depression by worsening the mood and producing an unpredictable disorganisation of life. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are associated with headache. Tenderness of the masticatory muscles, especially in young patients, and pain in the temporomandibular joint area are also associated with migraine, which can cause headaches of varying degrees of intensity. This article presents a literature review on the relationship between the occurrence of headache and the symptoms of TMD. METHODS The inclusion criteria were English-language articles published since 2007 that classify TMD using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC / TMD) questionnaire, and which described headache using the International Classification for Headache Disorders (second and third editions) or the headache screening questionnaire (HSQ). RESULTS Fifteen qualifying articles were found. Ten of these were included in the analysis. The authors noticed that the diagnoses were unclear, though it seems that these disorders have a similar background. CONCLUSION The current literature review confirms the relationship between TMD and headache. The authors of the articles generally agree that problems are more common in women, and that further research should be conducted on the correlation between these disorders. It is necessary to conduct further research using standardised assessment scales of both TMD and headache to compare the results. Such studies will allow a meta-analysis of the data, which will help to broaden our understanding of these problems and find conducive factors. KEY WORDS Temporomandibular Disorders, Headache, Tension-Type Headache, Headache Disorders, Headache Classification


Pretreatment of Nicotiana tabacum with acetylsalicylic acid and β-ionone reduced the severity of symptoms caused by the black shank pathogen, Phytophthora parasitica var, nicotianae, and tobacco necrosis virus (TNV). Acetylsalicylic acid applied as root drenches or leaf injections (1.1 mM) reduced symptom severity following challenge with either pathogen, but foliar sprays were ineffective. β-ionone was most effective when applied neat as leaf injections or as drops to leaf axils at least 2 weeks before challenge. Phloem injections were no more effective than control injections with water, but induced localised wounding, an increase in the number of leaves, and precocious flowering. Root drenches of 2 mM β-ionone significantly reduced the number and size of lesions induced by TNV, but were no more effective against P. parasitica var. nicotianae than control drenches of Tween 20. Both β-ionone and acetylsalicylic acid inhibit the growth in vitro of P. parasitica var. nicotianae at the concentrations used. Differences in the characteristics and persistence of the protection afforded by β-ionone and acetylsalicylic acid suggest different modes of action.


Guidelines from the College of American Pathologists (CAP), the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) consider cytology suitable for testing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. The guidelines recommend that cytopathologists first discuss the possibility of testing squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC) in multidisciplinary meetings. Second, cell blocks should be analysed rather than smear preparations and, third, specimens should be sent to external molecular laboratories within three working days of receiving requests. This study monitored how these recommendations are met in practice.


Identification of vehicle types from images is a challenging task. Though several methods have been proposed, most of the works has been done in strictly controlled conditions, where the feature information was calculated on ad hoc bases. In order to achieve better performance of make and model recognition, we emphasised the importance of feature description in a principled way from a biologically inspired vision modelling perspective. As a visual feature expression model in cortex, HMAX integrates general beliefs about the visual system in a quantitative framework. We applied HMAX for vehicle type recognition using a database that includes over 2,000 vehicle images of 26 classes recorded from surveillance cameras involving various complex photographic conditions. Experimental results using the HMAX model and multi-layer perceptron MLP offers a classification rate of 94% and averaged identification accuracy of 95%, which is higher than other commonly used classification algorithms such as kNN and SVM.


This article presents a planar switching integrated quadrant coil antenna to mitigate lateral and angular misalignment problems in near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) applications. To allow a completely free receiver movement, both the misalignment problems are concurrently addressed by forming widespread distributions of switched polarized H-field in the receiver region. To achieve this, current circulations through the four quadrant coils composing the proposed antenna are judiciously controlled to form three orthogonal H-field components. For lateral misalignment mitigation, the widespread field distributions are obtained by using a field-forming approach for optimizing the antenna parameters. To produce the switched polarized H-field for angular misalignment mitigation, time-switching of the orthogonal H-field components is performed. This switching operation is realized by three double pole double throw (DPDT) switches interconnecting the coils and integrated within the design for a cost-effective planar antenna solution. The fabricated prototype is measured and the experimental results are corroborated with the analysis. The results demonstrate the potential of the proposed antenna to simultaneously mitigate both the misalignment problems for medium-range WPT of small devices, such as medical implants, wireless endoscopy capsules, and wearable devices, which are allowed to freely rotate and displace.


A new compact short stub‐loaded composite right/left‐handed (SSL‐CRLH) resonator is presented. The resonance properties of the proposed SSL‐CRLH resonator are deduced by odd‐ and even‐mode method. Based on SSL‐CRLH resonator, the designed bandpass filter not only realizes size miniaturization but also has a tunable center frequency and bandwidth by changing the length of the CRLH‐TL unit cell and the short stub, respectively. Finally, a compact diplexer using two size‐different SSL‐CRLH resonators with center frequencies at 2.6 and 2.9 GHz, respectively, has been fabricated and tested. Good agreement between simulated and measured results validates the design concept. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1470–1474, 2017


This paper suggests reading Clare's poems with the poetics of Wordsworth's presented in the "Preface" of Lyrical Ballads. In the "Preface", Wordsworth urges to communicate "the essential passions of the human heart" through the "language really used by men." His poetics, however, finds "a better soil" in Clare's poems, which is to be seen in the comparison of two poems: "Resolution and Independence" by Wordsworth and "The Mole Catcher" by John Clare. Both poems deal with a life of common man in the rustic community of 19th century England. While the one focuses on the inspiration the speaker-poet gets from the encounter with a leech gatherer, the other captures the mole catcher's life in his community more in detail. Clare illuminates the similarities of the mole catcher with the moles both as existences in nature in 19th century England and also as victims of enclosure of the same period. The vivid voice of "The Mole Catcher" gains clearer explanation from the poetics of "language really used by men", while the other finds a solid example of an ideal poem in the one picturing "low and rustic life" where "the passions of men are incorporated with the beautiful and permanent forms of nature."


Dialectic, like love, has a good and a bad reputation. This ambivalence may be illustrated in different ways in almost every period of philosophical history. One may even suspect that this richness borders upon confusion. And yet, the attempt to orientate oneself in this jungle of meanings can be expected to be profitable, for the term "dialectic" has always referred, although often obscurely, to notions and processes of the first importance. The definition, illustration, and evaluation of the uses of this term should, accordingly, be a task promising some value. Hints concerning the nature of dialectic are offered in the myth of the Phaedrus, according to which the philosophic and divine souls imitate the celestial bodies and circle around the intelligible fire in an ecstasy of insight. Thus ordinary dialectic, following the natural inclination of the soul, circles around one topic and developes its intelligible aspects until understanding is attained. Quite naturally, then, Plato hailed dialectic, both in the earlier form of hypothesis and elenchus and in the later form of collection and division, as the philosopher's instrument and technique par excellence. On the contrary, though, Aristotle believed it not to be a means for increasing the precision and scope of knowledge but rather to be futile or at best probable reasoning. According to Kant's usage, dialectic cannot add to knowledge at all. Then Hegel sought to restore its ancient reputation and use and succeeded in exalting it almost beyond recognition. One may wonder whether, in this see-saw history, these meanings have retained anything in common or whether they have not been caught up in the dialectic process itself and made to undergo a sea-change. If the term does retain any meaning common to these varied philosophies, probably it refers to the actual processes of the mind in its attempts to clarify its concepts and to acquire knowledge; it seems to refer to logic in actual operation. The varying estimates of its value appear to stem from the recognition that the mind easily misuses this instrument and produces seductive illusion instead of clarifications. Dialectic is a dangerous instrument. Dangerous or not, though, it is probably a defensible historical thesis to hold that a fairly stable meaning has been associated with this term throughout philosophical history, even by those who disprove of its use. The present purpose is not to defend this historical thesis but to provide a definition and a description of "dialectic" in a general form, to suggest some illustrations of this meaning which will elicit important facets, and finally to discuss the problem of its evaluation.


In the following lines a description of the CALICE SDHCAL concept is presented, a proposal for a semi-digital hadronic calorimeter oriented to future collider experiments. The baseline option for its active medium (GRPCs) and its associated electronics is described in detail, together with the design and construction of the first technological prototype of 1 cubic meter using this technology.


In this paper, the subject of the study were palladium catalysts modified with humate potassium (HP) extracted from the coal at the Oy-Karagay coal deposit in Almaty province in Kazakhstan. Catalyst activity was studied in p-nitrodiethylaniline (PNDA) reduction reactions in an ethanol medium at 333K, potassium o-nitrophenol (PONP) in a 0.1n KOH medium at 313K, and a hydrogenation reaction of potassium maleate in water at 313K.


Sexual violence in educational settings between 2015-2021 mostly occurred in tertiary institutions. Types of violence recorded were sexual violence 87.91 percent, psychological and discrimination 8.8 percent, and physical violence 1.1 percent. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a phenomenological study design. Measurement of variables using in-depth interviews with three active students at Islamic universities in Jakarta. The results show that sexual education is very important in the campus environment, it can be used to stop various stigmas and normalize sexual violence. Sending photos with sexual nuances without the recipient's consent is a form of sexual harassment and can have a traumatic impact on the victim's life. Efforts that can be made include increasing awareness and education of sexual violence, conducting training programs for students and campus staff on gender equality and handling cases of sexual violence, establishing resource centers for victims, providing safe facilities, and implementing clear policies on protection against sexual violence.


university of toronto quarterly, volume 76, number 1, winter 2007 while the literature on advertising provides indispensable information to the 'working propagandist' on how to effectively persuade. Propaganda, moreover, works like a virus – a powerful strain can infect an entire public. Indeed, all of these techniques detailed by Lasswell could have come straight from the pages of Rutherford's book. One key difference from the First World War, however, is that the Iraq war was a 'real time' war, one in which television plays a starring role. And Rutherford finds this televised 'real time' war – the twenty-four-hour news coverage – most troubling. The 'moving images of television are the most seductive, the voice of television the most authoritative, the content of television the most difficult to critique,' Rutherford warns, and tv's seductiveness thus proves a threat to democracy itself. While Rutherford masterfully outlines the marketing of war, the book stumbles when providing the solutions available to resist the weapons of mass persuasion. The prime solution for consumers, Rutherford affirms, is to 'turn off the tv,' to 'resist the full impact of marketing by seeking out alternative sources of news, especially on the Internet.' Perhaps television images are more seductive. Yet there is no guarantee that the internet or even print news provides a more accurate representation of events. Furthermore, this television turn-off strategy (which Rutherford admits might seem 'hopelessly naïve') is not particularly realistic – nor should it even be necessary given the savvy 'styles of navigation' that Rutherford himself admits consumers have developed to deal with the media pervading every aspect of their lives. Insomuch as Rutherford is also interested in detailing the public response to the war, his reliance on quotes from a 'citizens' panel' comprised of a mere twenty people – all from Toronto and of whom fifteen are either teachers, professors, or students – proves less convincing. Such a narrow sample simply cannot 'capture a wide variety of views' as was intended; and while Rutherford supplements his ethnographic material with polls, letters to editors, and newspaper editorials, one questions whether the narrow and localized selection of 'citizens' warranted the attention provided to them throughout the book. Quibbles aside, this is both a compelling analysis and an exceptionally fine read. Weapons of Mass Persuasion is, in itself, highly persuasive. (charlene elliott)


Siamese region proposal network has made remarkable achievements in visual object tracking because of its balanced accuracy and speed. However, it regards tracking as a local one-shot detection task, which lose the power of updating the appearance model online thereby cannot handle the object-occlusion, fast motion and out-of-view situations. To tackle this problem, we propose a method that combines adaptive Kalman filter with Siamese region proposal network (Anti-occlusion-SiamRPN) to make full use of the object spatial-temporal information. Specifically we first extract target features through deep network and then uses adaptive Kalman filter to predict target trajectory in these difficult scenarios. Further this trajectory is used to select the candidate area of the next frame for Siamese region proposal network, which improve the searching mechanism. In this way, the introduction of adaptive Kalman filter makes the tracking process online learning which makes up for the disadvantage that Siamese region proposal network can only track offline. In addition, a hard example discrimination method (HEDM) is proposed to estimate whether the occlusion occurs and how seriously it is, which also improve Kalman filtering mechanism to make it update adaptively. Our method being evaluated with the speed of 80 FPS on five widely-applied challenging benchmarks including OTB2013, OTB2015, OTB50, VOT2016 and VOT2018. The extensive experimental results demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art effects and great improvement in comparison to other trackers.


The institution of the black church in America is centered around two things: the people and their events. Very little scholarship has been documented about the physical buildings that became homes for the people and host to their events. These early church houses became the first evidence of a constructed material culture for formerly enslaved persons in America. The design and construction of black church houses provided enslaved as well as free persons of color the opportunity to physically create buildings that would become the center of African American life, beginning as early as the late 18th century and reaching to the present. Coupled with this exercise of the creation of architectural placemaking is the defining and application of the term "sacred space".


This dataset contains specific activity measures of deuterium oxide and oxygen-18, body mass, and blood biochemistry (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) data for 9 female polar bears without dependent young in the southern Beaufort Sea in April 2014-2016.


UDC : 616.711.1:616 – 002.16. OPPORTUNITIES OF REHABILITATION OF WIDESPREAD DEGENERATIVE PROCESS OF THE CERVICAL SPINE Kradinov A.I., Chernorotov V.A., Kradinova E.A. State institution «Crimean state medical University named after of S.I. Georgievsky» Resume. Treatment of patients with degenerative-dystrophic process aimed at coping of pain and inflammation of the ligaments, edema reduction, recovery metabolism of connective tissue, reducing muscular tension, unloading of a spine. Physical methods of treatment are applied in order to relieve the pain (analgesic methods), effects of inflammation and edema of soft-tissue components (anti-inflammatory methods), strengthening the metabolism of connective tissue (fibromodulation methods), reduction of tension of skeletal muscles (methods of correction of posture). As shown by research, in the process of sanatorium rehabilitation of patients was observed positive dynamics of clinical and laboratory data, mainly by reducing inflammatory manifestations of soft tissue components. Key words: rehabilitation, degenerative process, cervical spine.


This paper considers the impact of recent legislation on the role and function of local inspectorates/advisory services in relation to their role in monitoring the quality of schools and in fostering school improvement. It examines both the common ground and differences in the approach taken by successive Labour and Conservative governments and explores the nature of the demands now being made on inspectors which are not consistent with the existing preferences and practice of inspectors. The paper analyses some of the tensions between accountability and school improvement in government policy and on the basis of the writer's experience as a Chief Inspector suggests ways in which the two may be combined.


"The child with real reading disability . . . may indeed have learnt that printed words have some relation to spoken words; and, with a few simple words, he has memorized the spoken word that corresponds to a particular shape. But he does not seem to understand why; it might be quite an arbitrary association. He appears hopelessly uncertain and confused as to why certain successions of printed letters should correspond to certain phonetic sounds in words."


Disclaimer: This research paper does not necessarily reflect the policy position of the Commonwealth Government. Adam Graycar Director This paper is timely, given that policing is currently going through a period of significant change in both operational tactics and organisational structures. New ideas in crime reduction and changes to shortand longterm policing strategies are underway. Intelligence-led policing represents a recent approach and is one of the more prevalent of the current "shifts in crime control philosophy and policing practice" (Maguire 2000). Surprisingly, given the wide distribution of the term "intelligence-led policing", considerable confusion remains in regard to its actual meaning to both front-line officers and police management. This paper provides an introduction to intelligence-led policing and discusses some of the related limitations and opportunities.


Purpose – To describe both the service and recent developments of FIZ AutoDoc. Design/methodology/approach – An in depth description with particular emphasis on copyright issues. Findings – That FIZ AutoDoc has developed to respond to the information needs of its customers primarily in the commercial sector internationally. Originality/value – A full description of a valuable service that draws upon the resources of many partners to provide commercial organizations with the information that they need.