Abstract Iron–carbon microelectrolysis was employed to remove phosphorus in this study. The efficiency, mechanism, influence factors, and feasibility of actual wastewater were investigated. The results showed that iron–carbon microelectrolysis had an excellent phosphorus removal ability. When the initial concentration of PO 4 3 − {\text{PO}}_{4}^{3-} –P was 19.44 mg·L−1, after 120 min reaction time, the remaining PO 4 3 − {\text{PO}}_{4}^{3-} –P in wastewater was 4.65 mg·L−1, and the removal rate was 76.05%. The precipitate formed in the reaction was mainly ferric phosphate (FePO4), which had a high recovery value. There was a linear correlation between initial phosphorus concentrations and phosphorus removal velocity. As to actual wastewater, 88.37 ± 0.44%, 89.78 ± 1.88%, and 94.23 ± 0.16% phosphorus removal rates were achieved in the influent of municipal wastewater treatment plant, effluent of secondary sedimentation tank, and actual high salinity wastewater, respectively, after 120 min reaction time. This study provides a new method for phosphorus removal and recovery from wastewater. Graphical abstract Iron–carbon microelectrolysis has an excellent phosphorus removal ability. The precipitate formed in the reaction was mainly ferric phosphate (FePO4) which had a high recovery value.


In order to investigate the effects of acid rain on heavy metal emission flux of city dust,twenty city dust samples were taken in jinhua city,heavy metals emission flux in city dust of simulated acid rain including Zn,Cu,Cr and Pb were tested by atomic absorption spectrometry.Index of geoaccumulation were used to assess heavy metal pollution.The result shows that pollution grade of Zn,Cu,Cr and Pb was non-pollution,light pollution,medium pollution,more than medium pollution separately.


This paper presents a project‐based learning pedagogy for undergraduate mechanical engineering students which integrates traditional hardware‐based laboratory with LabVIEW to control the angular position, velocity, and acceleration of AC servo motors of a six‐degree of freedom manipulator. The proposed experimental modules have been proved to be very effective in assisting teams of undergraduate students within the Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering at the University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, who have used the modules in designing a new mechanical structure of a robot during their capstone design project. The proposed pedagogy inspired undergraduate students to publish their first paper based on the outcomes of their project. The focus on this paper is to present how the students' learning experience has been significantly enforced and their role in developing the modules introduced in this paper. Three modules are presented; the first configures a timer to generate a signal that drives the servo motors. The second drives the servo motor to a specific angular position with a constant angular velocity. Finally, the third is used to control the servo motor to follow any desired angular position, velocity, and acceleration.


A third isozyme of human 5α‐steroid reductase, 5α‐reductase‐3, was identified in prostate tissue at the mRNA level. However, the levels of 5α‐reductase‐3 protein expression and its cellular localization in human tissues remain unknown.


On the basis of the 600 boring data points, contour maps of the upper and lower boundary of gravel aquifers were obtained in Musashino Diluvial Terrace, Japan. Lower boundary map shows a deep valley and a spreading ridge. In the area where the slope of the upper boundary counter map is less than 1 to 100, a clay layer overlays over the gravel layer. This clay layer seems affected by main stream of old Tama river. To grasp the actual groundwater runoff process, hydraulic field tests were carried out in 40 wells. Hydraulic conductivities derived from field pumping tests widely varied and averaged value over the valley area is about 10- 2cm/s, but that over the ridge area is less than 10{-2}cm/s. Direction of ground water measured by velocimeter is vertical to counter map of upper boundary of gravel layer.


in a very comprehensive manner with chapters on topics ranging from the generation of experimental atmospheres to epidemiological studies in human populations. This breadth of coverage is the most attractive feature of this work. The volume is divided into four main sections. The first, on "Exposure techniques", contains three chapters describing the exposure of animals to toxic materials and the determination of the retained dose. The only problem with this section is that little attention is paid to the use of nonpulmonary routes of administration; whilst these are superficially unattractive (especially to funding bodies) they can provide useful information on the effects of inhaled materials. Much inhaled matter is subsequently cleared from the lungs by the mucociliary escalator and then swallowed. Thus, the oral route can provide a model for the extrapulmonary action of some inhaled materials. Other substances, though taken by mouth, can exert an effect on the lungs and this aspect of pulmonary toxicology is not dealt with in this section. However, later chapters do include discussions on the action of paraquat and 4-ipomeanol which produce lung damage although they are not "inhaled materials" as such. The second section contains material most likely to be of interest to readers of ATLA. A short chapter on "Animal models" covers the advantages and disadvantages of the various species of laboratory animal and includes general material not dealt with elsewhere. The chapter by Margaret Becklake on epidemiology is especially welcome as it covers the principles of the subject in a very clear fashion. It is regrettable that one of the shortest chapters in the book is that on "Pulmonary cell and tissue cultures" by B .. T. Smith. A great deal of material on the effects of pulmonary toxins is simply not reviewed. The reason for this seems to be that the author has strictly adhered to the title of the chapter rather than to that of the volume as a whole. This onesided emphasis on the use of pulmonary cells and tissues means that many studies on the toxicology of inhaled materials using cells from other sources have not been included. Much valuable material is "therefore omitted and, needless to say, the use of non-mammalian systems is quite outside the scope of this chapter. The third section on "Morphologic techniques" contains only two chapters, but both are well planned and extremely useful. In the fourth section, "Biological and. biochemical analysis", the material will be more familiar to the general toxicologist. Discussions on the mixed function oxidase system and cellular kinetics of the lung resemble, in form if not in detail, data on other organ systems. The subject of the last chapter "Effects of pneumotoxins on lung connective tissue", could easily fill a volume of this size by itself, and it would therefore by petty to severely criticise its many omissions. The numerous tables make this chapter difficult reading, but will be extremely useful to many workers. Without this extensive use of tabulated data it would not be possible to attempt to cover such a subject in so small a space. BOOK REVIEWS


South Africa's varied population and history have resulted in a plural istic legal system that is currently undergoing rapid change as institutions inherited from the country's apartheid period are dismembered. From the arrival of Dutch settlers in 1652, Roman-Dutch law became the official common law, subsequently modified by statute and case law. In addition, African customary law was recognized in certain circumstances. Since the 1994 election, which introduced post-apartheid South Africa, the major legal influence for change has been the new constitution, but various interna tional conventions ratified by the new government have also played a role. Today the population of almost forty-five million has eleven official languages1 and over nineteen religious affiliations. Further, South Africans are still "racially" categorized by the census (for affirmative-action pur poses) into the historical "population groups" of African (79%), white (9.6%), coloured (9%), and Indian/Asian (3%).2 Among the Africans, there are nine major linguistic groups,3 many of whose members still retain alle giances to their chiefs. But even within ostensibly relatively homogeneous groups, wide variations in lifestyles and attitudes exist between those who urbanized many decades ago and those newly arrived from the rural areas,


Abstract The psychology of anxiety continues to be debated by researchers, as well as therapists. By investigating it with phenomenological methods, I have been able to determine its three existential preconditions; the way in which an anxious situation announces a crisis of one's efforts to surpass one's unacceptable incompleteness; being anxious as being impeded, if not fundamentally blocked, and moving beyond being anxious as either ambivalently reaffirming the viability of the projects and relations in which one was already invested, or as transformatively accepting those projects and relations as fundamentally uncertain and hence, as open to future determination.


A structure-factor least-squares refinement of the deoxyoligonucleotide (CGCGAATTCGCG)2 has been conducted using a model with constraints and restraints on the positional parameters and a segmented rigid-body representation for the anisotropic temperature factors. The macromolecule was divided into subgroups each of which was treated as a rigid body in terms of both positional and thermal parameters. For each subgroup, the thermal parameters determined were elements of translation, libration and correlation (TLS) tensors. This segmented rigidbody model of thermal motion has not previously been applied to the refinement of a macromolecular crystal structure. The anisotropic thermal-parameter refinement has significantly reduced the classical R factor as judged by the Hamilton test. The resulting difference Fourier map has a considerably lower noise level allowing fifteen additional low-occupancy water positions to be identified. In addition, analysis of the anisotropic thermal parameters has revealed new information about the local mobility of the groups in the oligonucleotide. Thus, the method of segmented rigid-body anisotropic temperature-factor refinement appears to be uniquely suited to macromolecules, especially nucleic acids, where high-resolution data are usually unavailable.


This research studies the ethylene production rate (EP) and quality in 1-MCP treated 'Abbe Fetel' pears after storage in DCA compared to NA and CA. 1-MCP treated (300 ppb) and control fruit were stored at -0.5°C in NA, CA (2 kPa O 2 + 0.7 kPa CO 2 ) and DCA (0.7 kPa O 2 + 0.3 kPa CO 2 ). After 4 and 6 months storage, fruit were held up to 7 d at 20°C. Skin colour, firmness and EP were measured during shelf life and the incidence of disorders after 7 d. I-MCP treatment drastically reduced EP, which began to recover after 7 d at 20°C, except for DCA stored pears. In control fruit, NA stored pears showed the highest EP. I-MCP treated fruit were the greenest at the end of shelf-life, especially after CA and DCA. Control fruit stored in DCA and in CA were greener than NA both at 1 d and 7 d of shelf life. Pears treated with 1-MCP did not soften during shelf life, while in control fruit firmness decreased from about 40 N to about 15-20 N, whatever the storage atmosphere. 1-MCP treatment prevented soft and superficial scald and internal breakdown, independently of storage atmosphere. DCA prevented superficial scald in control fruit, while it increased internal browning and breakdown in control and 1-MCP treated pears. No differences were found for soft scald incidence between control DCA and CA stored fruit. The highest percentage of sound fruit was found in NA stored 1-MCP treated pears, and the lowest in control fruit stored in DCA.


The design of a compact two elements ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) planar antenna is presented. It consists of two symmetrically circular patch antenna components. The overall size of the antenna is 30 × 60 × 1.6mm3 and is printed on the FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna exhibits UWB qualities from 2.6 – 12GHz with the isolation of less than 20dB. The total active reflection coefficient (TARC), the data rate that can be supported in a particular channel (CCL), and a factor that signifies higher pattern diversity are presented, which are useful for portable UWB applications.


This paper introduces the connotations of core competitive power, elaborates the connotations and present situation of core competitive power of the library, analyzes the impact factors of core competitive power, and advances some strategies for strethengning the core competitive power of university library.


Cracks have varied causes and types,some of them are owing to designing,but most of them result from various combinations of influencing factors during the process of construction.To solve the problem of cracks in concrete requires the correct judgment to determine and analyze the causes of cracks,which is the most effective method to control and reduce the concrete cracks.


A big city among those directly under Hunan Provincial Government, Shaoyang is slow in economic development and backward in urbanization. Thus the improvement of its standard is of importance both to the economic development of the city itself and to that of the whole province. This paper discusses the present situation of and the problems in the urbanization of Shaoyang City and proposes six strategies for the promotion of urbanization of the region.


This work presents a device level reliability (DLR) characterization for the Analog Devices proprietary metal contact microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switch technology. Stand-alone device characterizations in both hold-down and toggle operation modes are described. An alternative operation mode to analyze is the so called "hot switching". The switch pull-in voltage and the contact resistance are the main physical parameters that have been analyzed. This DLR characterization methodology can be considered a first step towards a standard that will be performed in parallel to typical product qualifications in order to assess the device long term reliability.


In this paper we describe a new system for the 3D reconstruction and distribution on the Internet of models for vessel structures. The system is specifically designed to support measurements of medical interest. We describe 2D and 3D segmentation methods implemented and the procedure used to build interactive VRML97 models. The experimental section presents a comparison between segmentation methods, and a first application to surgical planning for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.


The prediction of discharge and its variability in a river is an essential component of surface-water planning. For that purpose, a functional relationship between stage and discharge is established with the help of field measurement and the relationship is expressed as a rating curve. Whereas direct discharge measurement in rivers is time consuming and expensive, and sometimes it is impossible, for this purpose the relation between discharge and stage as rating curve is estimated by using of measured data. The Qara Su River in Ardabil province, Iran, makes damages with its floods every year. Informing of flood discharge's value in upstream for management activity in downstream is necessary. In this research for estimate stage-discharge relation in Dost Bayglu hydrometry station over Qara Su River, using MATLAB software, Artificial Neural Network with different state and regression methods studied and finally compared together. As a result of Artificial Neural Network with a 1-2-3-2-1 structure, compared with a simple regression, has a better answer.

 Key words: Artificial neural network, stage-discharge relation, Qara Su River, Dost Bayglu hydrometry station, regression.


The recent announcements made in the Social Court of the Supreme Court are analysed by unifying the doctrine about recognising economic maternity benefits in assumed cases of surrogate maternity that occur as the result of contracts signed in countries where such access to maternity is allowed.


A space in Arhangel'skii's class MOBI is presented which fails to have two structural properties which are weaker than countable metacompactness. A space is countably metacompact if and only if it is countably 0-refinable and pointwise collectionwise normal for countable collections. This space does not have either of these properties.


ABSTRACT

ANWAR HASIHOLAN. Relationship Between Discipline Studying With Learning Outcomes Students of SMK Tirta Sari Surya Jakarta. Thesis, Jakarta: Economic Education Studies Program, Faculty of Economics, State University of Jakarta, in January 2017.

This study aimed to obtain empirical data and facts precise, and reliable (trustworthy and reliable) concerning: the relationship between the discipline of learning with learning outcomes in class X of Office Administration in SMK Tirta Sari Surya Jakarta. This research was conducted for three months from the beginning of November 2016 until the end of January 2017. The research method used was survey with the correlational approach. The population in this study were all students of SMK Tirta Sari Surya Jakarta sebanak affordable 574 students and the population of the study was the students of class X of Office Administration amounted to 96 people. Samples used as many as 78 people with a proportional random technique. Based on F test known that Fhitung (52.42)> F table (4.03), meaning that it can be concluded that Ho refused so significant. Regression linearity test is obtained Fhitung yield of 1.00 while Ftabel 1.71. This shows that Fh ttable, it can be concluded between the discipline of learning with learning outcomes occur significant correlation. Coefficient determination test, conducted to determine the percentage of correlation discipline of learning with learning outcomes. From the calculation, the value can be obtained determination coefficient of 40.82%. This means that the variation of the learning outcomes determined by the discipline of learning by 40.82%. Based on calculations that have been mentioned above, it can be seen that there is a positive relationship between the discipline of learning with the learning outcomes of students in vocational Tirta Sari Surya Jakarta.


Contaminant transport modeling needs the understanding of the factors affecting the movement of contaminant through dry, partially saturated and saturated zone. When the contaminant reaches the ground water, it primarily follows the pattern of ground water flow in sand deposits. While the contaminant passing through dry or partially saturated soil, its movement depends on a number of parameters such as porosity, soil moisture and contaminant properties. This paper presents the details of a laboratory investigation carried out to study the spread of Glycerol and engine oil, in dry and wet sandy soil. Experiments were conducted, using 'Pollutant Transport Test apparatus' which was designed and developed for the project. The test results indicated that : the spread of an aqueous phase liquid is greater in wet sand than in dry sand and the vertical spread of nonaqueous phase liquid was less in wet sand than in dry sand, but the lateral spread of that was more.


The authors consider a weighted version of the classical likelihood that applies when the need is felt to diminish the role of some of the data in order to trade bias for precision. They propose an axiomatic derivation of the weighted likelihood, for which they show that aspects of classical theory continue to obtain. They suggest a data‐based method of selecting the weights and show that it leads to the James‐Stein estimator in various contexts. They also provide applications.


In the framework of 2D-elasticity, an equilibrium problem for an inhomogeneous body with a curvilinear inclusion located strictly inside the body is considered. The elastic properties of the inclusion are assumed to depend on a small positive parameter δ characterizing its width and are assumed to be proportional to δ−1. Moreover, it is supposed that the inclusion has a curvilinear rough boundary. Relying on the variational formulation of the equilibrium problem, we perform the asymptotic analysis, as δ tends to zero. As a result, a variational model of an elastic body containing a thin curvilinear rod is constructed. Numerical calculations give a relative error between the initial and limit problems depending on δ.


The systematic theory is an important method for people to study things. With a focus on "gene determination theory", this article commences from the basic theory of system to analyze the tumor's occurrence,gene treatment and synthetic treatment,and elucidate that the tumor generation and development are multifactorial and multi-procedure, which is the result of systematic functional disorder or imbalance. Therefore, the treatment of tumor must be considered from the system as a whole, and the best effect could be acquired.It emphasizes the importance of systematic idea and method to work in medical science.


In this case study, two teacher educators in literacy examined teacher candidates' (N = 24) learning of writing instruction across a three-course sequence of literacy methods. Data collected included a survey of candidates' knowledge of writing instruction, their formal observations of writing lessons in their student-teaching placements, a writing lesson co-constructed with a cooperating teacher during their final student-teaching placement, and structured reflections on the observations and lessons. The researchers found that little writing instruction occurred in the schools where teacher candidates were placed and that reading and reading skills dominated observed literacy instruction. Teacher candidates valued particular elements of process writing (focus on student needs, choice, scaffolding, student interest and engagement, and literacy skills). Lesson plans and reflections toward the end of the academic sequence demonstrated that teacher candidates' knowledge about writing instruction increased in complexity and that their beliefs and their practices were somewhat aligned. Implications for teacher education programs include a need to provide scaffolded and distributed instruction for new teachers in the area of writing instruction.


Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) middleware increasingly offers not only functional support for standard interfaces, but also the ability to optimize their resource consumption patterns. For example, a Real-time CORBA object request broker (ORB) permits application developers to configure server thread pooling policies. This flexibility makes it possible to use standard functional interfaces in applications where they were not applicable previously. However, the non-standard nature of the optimization mechanisms— i.e., the "knobs and dials"—against the very product-independence that standardized COTS interfaces are intended to provide. This chapter provides three contributions to the study of patterns and mechanisms for reducing the lifecycle costs and improving the quality of service (QoS) of distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. First, we describe key sources of dependencies that reduce the flexibility and increase total ownership costs of DRE software. Second, we present an architectural pattern called Quality Connector, which is a metaprogramming technique that enables applications to specify the QoS they require from their infrastructure, and then manages the operations that optimize the middleware to implement those QoS requirements. Third, we describe how Quality Connectors are being implemented in practice to allocate communication resources automatically for Real-time CORBA event propagation. Although middleware that configures itself in response to QoS requests has been investigated and applied in general-purpose computing contexts, the present work is among the first to put such capabilities into mission-critical DRE systems with stringent QoS requirements.


One of the most popular alternative histories of America is "A People's History of the United States" by Howard Zinn. This first-ever biography of Zinn traces in broad strokes the story of his life, placing special emphasis on his involvement in both the Civil Rights movement and the Viet Nam War protests. Besides discussing the major shaping events of his life, biographer and historian Davis Joyce summarizes each of Zinn's books within the context of his life, analyses the evolution of Zinn's ideas, and concludes with a preliminary assessment of his life's work.


Objective To understand the population structure and the dominant species of cockroaches in Nanchang city nowadays,and to explore the control effect of different control methods.Methods The sticky paper with trapped cockroaches was used to investigate the population structure of cockroaches.The control effect of spray,poison bait and toxic powder on Blattella germanica was tested according to the methods of GB.Results Compared to 2001,the infestation of cockroaches was much heavier nowadays.B.germanica was the absolutely dominant species,which accounted for 99.68% of the total cockroaches.The proportions of B.germanica in the restaurant,hotel,hospital and resident areas were 99.72%,99.81%,95.00% and 92.11% respectively,and there was only B.germanica in the agriculture market.The results suggested that d-cyphenothrin had good effect on B.germanica than lambda-cyhalothrin and alphamethrin.In addition,3 poison baits tested had all good effects,among which sanyecao was the best one,which the LT50 and the mortality rate at 96 h were 0.08 d and 100%,respectively.Moreover,the mortality rate of two different poison powders were all 100%.Conclusion B.germanica was the dominant species in Nanchang city.The residual spray of d-cyphenothrin,lambda-cyhalothrin and alphamethrin could control it very well,and the poison baits and toxic powders also had good control effect on it.


A macroscopic theory of polaritons and long optical phonons in biaxial finite ionic crystals is presented. For the case of a crystal plate it is shown that the dispersion of surface and bulk polaritons is determined by a system of nonlinear equations. These equations may be combined to an explicit dispersion formula only for propagation directions parallel to the principal axes of the dielectric tensor of the crystal.


At the occasion of the Centenary celebrations of the Peace Palace in the Hague, Judge Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade, honorary professor at the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM), delivered the speech as published below. Th e NQHR Executive Editors hold the opinion that the celebration of this Centenary, although primarily a milestone in the development of international law, is also most relevant for the development of human rights law, considering the fundamental human rights issues decided in this context. Th is connection justifi ed an exception to our rule that publications must deal with human rights issues directly.


Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) is a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves and has anti- atherosclerosis properties. Many patients with atherosclerosis disorders take Ginkgo biloba extracts to supplement current therapy. In addition, normal healthy individuals also take Ginkgo biloba extracts...


The Coal Mine Roof Rating (CMRR) was first presented at this Conference nine years ago. Since its introduction, the CMRR has been incorporated into many aspects of mine planning, including longwall pillar design, roof support selection, feasibility studies, and extended cut evaluation. It has also become truly international, with involvement in mine designs and funded research projects in South Africa, Canada, and Australia. The purpose of this paper is to bring the mining community up to date with recent improvements and applications of the CMRR. The most important new development is a streamlined process for determining the CMRR from exploratory drill core. Just three types of information are now required: • Fracture spacing (or RQD) • Uniaxial compressive strength (or axial Point Load Testing) • Diametral Point Load Testing The moisture sensitivity adjustment has also been changed, and new research has related the immersion test to slake durability. Most recently, the CMRR has been implemented in a computer program, which can be obtained from NIOSH free of charge. The program facilitates calculation of the CMRR from either underground or drillcore data. Values from many locations can be saved in a single file, and an interface with Autocad allows CMRR contour plots to be integrated into mine planning. INTRODUCTION Roof falls continue to be the greatest single hazard faced by underground coal miners. One reason is that mines are not built of manmade materials like steel or concrete, but rather of rock, just as nature made it. The structural integrity of a coal mine's roof is greatly affected by natural weaknesses, including bedding planes, fractures, and small faults. The engineering properties of rock cannot be specified in advance, and can vary widely from mine to mine and even within individual mines. Engineers require quantitative data on the strength of rock masses for design. Traditional geologic reports contain valuable descriptive information but few engineering properties. Laboratory tests, on the other hand, are inadequate because the strength of a small specimen is only indirectly related to the strength of the rock mass. The Coal Mine Roof Rating (CMRR) was developed nearly 10 years ago to try to fill this gap (1, 2). The CMRR weighs the geotechnical factors that contribute to roof competence, and combines them on single rating scale of zero to 100. The CMRR integrates years of research into geologic hazards in coal mining with the worldwide experience with rock mass classification systems. To verify the procedure, field data were collected from nearly 100 mines in every major coalfield in the U.S. The CMRR makes it possible to compare ground control experience from different coalfields, even when the geological conditions are very different. This has allowed the collection of large case history databases, which have been the basis of design procedures to solve a wide variety of ground control problems. Two recent developments should facilitate the integration of the CMRR into geologic exploration and mine design: • The procedures for collecting CMRR data from drill core have been greatly simplified, and; • A computer program that speeds calculation and interfaces with mine mapping software is now available. MODIFIED PROCEDURES FOR DRILL CORE The CMRR can be determined from underground exposures such as roof falls and overcasts, or from exploratory drill core. In either case, the main parameters measured are: • The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of the intact rock; • The intensity (spacing and persistence) of discontinuities such as bedding planes and slickensides; • The shear strength (cohesion and roughness) of discontinuities, and; • The moisture sensitivity of the rock. The CMRR is calculated in a two-step process. First, the mine roof is divided into lithologic/structural units, and Unit Ratings are determined for each. Then the CMRR is determined by combining Figure 1. Diametral and Axial Point Load Tests. SHALE 0 500


In the majority of bushcrickets, copulation ends within minutes after the transfer of a spermatophore which consists of two parts: a sperm-containing ampulla and a spermatophylax which the female eats during sperm transfer. Recently, the function of the spermatophylax in bushcrickets has been the subject of considerable debate. Here, I describe prolonged copulation following spermatophore transfer which appears to have partly replaced the spermatophylax in function in the bushcricket Uromenus rugosicollis (Ephippigerinae). I contrast this with the copulatory behavior of 15 other members of the Ephippigerinae. In U. rugosicollis, copulation following spermatophore transfer is long, lasting about 100 minutes, and the spermatophylax is small, representing about 7% of male body weight. This stands in contrast to the 15 other species of ephippigerine, in which copulation following spermatophore transfer is typically brief, lasting an average of about 5 minutes, and the spermatophylax is large, representing over 20 % of male body weight. The association of prolonged copulation following spermatophore transfer with the considerable reduction in spermatophylax size in U. rugosicollis suggests that the spermatophylax and prolonged copulation following spermatophore transfer are analogous in function. This supports the hypothesis that the spermatophylax functions to prevent the female from eating the ampulla before complete sperm transfer, but does not


S ince ancient times, science has gone through several revolutions. The Aristotelian mechanics gave way to Galilean and Newtonian mechanics which were in turn replaced by Einstein's relativity. The Ptolemic system of geocentric astronomy was totally replaced by the heliocentric system of Copernicus and from Galileo's crude telescopic observations of the planets, modern telescopes can see billions of galaxies each containing billions of stars. From Robert Hook's microscope, 350 years ago, to today's electron microscopes, we have become aware of the world of small biological structures unimagined prior to the invention of these instruments.


INTRODUCTION
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in industrialized countries. Even if the healing chances are very high after definitive treatment of localized disease, 20-30% of patients experience recurrence.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A review of the literature on the management of local recurrent prostate cancer was conducted using the Medline and Embase electronic databases. Search terms included "biochemical relapse", "PSA recurrence", "prostate cancer", "prostate cancer recurrence", "prostate salvage therapy", "radiorecurrent prostate cancer", "Re-HIFU", "post HIFU", "post cryoablation", "postradiation", and "postprostatectomy salvage". The search was restricted to English-language articles. The websites of guidelines organizations (EAU, AUA, NICE) were consulted in order to identify evidence-based practice guidelines. The present role of salvage prostatectomy and radiation therapy was studied and today's outcomes and tomorrow perspectives of salvage focal therapies as cryoablation and HIFU have been analyzed.

EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
Although the treatment landscape for patients with biochemical recurrence prostate cancer remains challenging, new research is helping to identify patient populations suitable for specific therapies.

CONCLUSIONS
Further evaluation in prospective clinical trials will hopefully confirm the role of therapeutic options in clinical practice and the impact on the long-term survival.


Abstract : A study is made of existing fire protection at representative AMC type warehouses as a basis for the development of new protection criteria. Three fire tests involving typical Air Force warehouse fuels and hazard conditions (1) demonstrated the inadequacy of existing protection, and (2) provided additional data for subsequent evaluation of alternatives for upgrading protection. (Author)


This paper considers the stabilization of some types of switched control systems via common Lyapunov functions. Firstly, the stabilization of switched nonlinear systems is considered. A design technique of Lyapunov functions is introduced to stabilize the system under arbitrary switching laws. Secondly, the stabilization of switched linear systems is considered. Assume switching strategy and control are designable. Suitable common Lyapunov functions are proposed to assure the stability of the closed-loop systems


A transmission line model for calculating recording-head fields and efficiencies is described. Exact solutions are obtained for transmission line segments with fixed or varying gap and width. Using these solutions. Thevenin T-reluctance circuit equivalents are obtained for each segment of the total head transmission line structure, and the magnetic flux and fields are obtained by circuit analysis. External fringe fields at edges are also included. Using three basic building blocks: (1) constant-gap, variable or fixed-width regions, (2) graded-gap, variable or fixed-width regions, and (3) external fringe reluctances, in any number and sequence, virtually any head geometry can be quickly and reasonably modeled, without the need for reformulating the problem or respecifying boundary conditions. >


histological changes, and therefore this was not adequate to demonstrate response. Given her prolonged course and poor muscle mass at this stage, we expected subtle clinical changes with minimal initial improvement in muscle strength. Infusions (5mg/kg) were administered at weeks 0, 2, 6 and 14. She continued with prednisone and mycophenolate. A remarkable response was observed in muscle strength after only two infusions. She could now walk and was able to lift her arms above her head. The CMAS scores demonstrated a response (Fig. 1). Function and endurance was still impaired but improving. After the third infusion, she presented with a perforated peptic ulcer requiring laparotomy and oversew of the ulcer. She was hospitalized for 2 weeks post-operatively. This raised the interesting point of the relationship between anti-TNF treatment and aggravation of underlying peptic ulcer disease. With increasing use of anti-TNF therapy, it would be interesting to see if this is reported elsewhere. Although this raised an interesting question, we felt that anti-TNF therapy was unlikely to be the culprit as she had a long-standing history of peptic ulcer disease and prednisone use. She received the fourth infusion as planned but had a decline in muscle function prior to this (Fig. 1). This raised a number of issues. The recent major surgery and prolonged hospitalization with resultant deconditioning could have contributed to the decline in response. Secondly, we had used the dosing frequency recommended in rheumatoid arthritis. The optimal dosing frequency (e.g. 4-weekly vs 8-weekly) and dose strength (e.g. 5mg/kg vs 10mg/kg) [4] has not been determined, and may be different in PM. We increased the infliximab dosing frequency to 4-weekly intervals to assess the role of dosing frequency. This resulted in continued gains in muscle strength with infusions 5 and 6 (Fig. 1). Our patient tolerated the drug well and has experienced no adverse events thus far. The experience with anti-TNF therapy in PM and DM remains limited, with variable response to anti-TNF therapy (both infliximab and etanercept) having been described in case reports thus far [4– 9]. In our case, we were encouraged by the initial response in our patient with long-standing debilitating PM who had tried and failed conventional and experimental DMARDs necessitating prolonged steroid use. Clearly, controlled studies are needed to clarify the important issues of response, appropriate dose and dosing intervals with the use of anti-TNF therapy in refractory PM and DM.


PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a composition containing oriental medicinal herb and pear extracts is provided to prevent and treat bronchial diseases. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing a composition for improving bronchial function, which contains oriental medicinal herbs and pear extracts comprises: a step of washing 2060 g of oriental medicinal herbs and 1000 g pear extract using water; a step of branching the oriental medicinal herbs in a steam at 100-120 °C for 25-35 minutes; a step of freezing at -40 °C to dry and vacuum-drying; a step of pulverizing at 170-200 mesh to obtain powder; a step of mixing 50 weight% of rice grain syrup and 50 weight% of brown sugar and heating to concentrate; and a step of concentrating secondly in the vacuum and adding mixed powder.


As part of an ethnographic fieldwork element of an arts practice-based PhD, I have spent time in Scots pinewoods, learning about their ecology and management, and the tasks that people perform in these landscapes; shadowing and working with ecologists, foresters and others to do so.

Using a GPS to track our movements, I create digital drawings, the residual marks of our excursions through these places, and traces of the tasks undertaken. Each drawing tells a different tale, revealing the very specific ways different tasks require us to move through place. From activities such as brood-counting and seedling-counts, these drawings trace movements through often quite remote landscapes, walking the land for specific purposes, with little regard to paths, rivers or contours. They give depth and context to the writing and images that explain these movements and spatialise them in ways that writing or images on their own would never quite convey. My paper will discuss the tasks and movements behind some of these drawings, using video, sound and image and bringing in writers from art, anthropology and geography to give further context to a standpoint which argues for the value and necessity of a more-than-written approach.


A adequately designed hospital environment is essential to the aim of humanizing psychiatric treatment and making it more effective. The authors cite studies which give some basis for recognizing an environmental influence on behavior but note that there are at present no guidelines to help the psychiatrist who would like to include "the environment" in his treatment plans. They urge interdisciplinary research and collaboration by psychiatrists, architects, and behavioral scientists to fill this gap.


An online learning exercise within the food processing toolbox. Learners are asked to identify abnormal or unacceptable performance and take corrective action.


A 3-manifold is toroidal if it contains an essential torus, i.e., an incompressible torus not parallel to a boundary component. A knot K in S3 is called a periodic knot with period p if there is a homeomorphism f : S3 → S3 such that f(K) = K, Fix(f)∩K = ∅, and Fix(f) is a circle. We call f a periodic map of K. For a knot K in a 3-manifold M ⊂ S3 we denote by M(K; r) the manifold obtained by r-Dehn surgery of M on K, where r ∈ Q∪ {1/0}; if M = S3, simply we denote M(K; r) by (K; r). The hyperbolic Dehn surgery theorem of Thurston [25] shows that for hyperbolic knots K, (K; r) is non-hyperbolic only for finitely many r ∈ Q. In this paper we consider when Dehn surgery on a hyperbolic, periodic knot yields a non-hyperbolic, in particular toroidal, manifold. For example, the figure eight knot 41, which has period 2, has exactly 10 surgeries producing non-hyperbolic manifolds [25]; if (41; r) is toroidal, then r = 0,±4.


Abstract : The unpredictable nature of lightning requires that lightning protection systems (LPS) be described in statistical terms such as the "expected efficiency of protection" or the "probability of failure". This implies, as has been observed, that lightning channels occasionally penetrate what has been considered to be a "zone of protection" provided by the LPS. This lightning penetration exposes assets, such as explosives and related fusing and test electronics, to possible direct effects of being part of the lightning current path. Depending on the current amplitude, these direct effects can cause malfunction, upset, or catastrophic damage to these assets and perhaps to personnel and structures in the immediate vicinity. Even in cases where the LPS has not "failed" there are indirect effects caused by inductive and capacitive coupling which transfers electromagnetic energy to the interior of the "zone of protection" in the proximity of down conductors and other elements connected to the LPS. These conductors and elements can carry the bulk of the lightning current or temporarily store a significant amount of charge from the strike. These indirect effects can also cause malfunction, upset or damage to assets depending on the vulnerability of the asset to electric and magnetic fields and currents. Vulnerability depends on operational configurations, such as, stored in an underground igloo in closed metal containers or exposed in a maintenance building connected to electronic test equipment. Some military and industrial LPS specifications require the LPS to be bonded to other metal objects and to other electrical grounding systems. In some geometrical configurations, this additional bonding can enhance (rather than reduce) the possibility of direct and/or indirect coupling to assets. A computer model solving the three dimensional Maxwell's Equations for various LPS environments and corroborated by data from triggered lightning tests is used to show that there are areas wi


The deflection of a laser beam traveling through a modulated electric field is measured using phase-sensitive detection to place an upper bound on the photon charge. An upper limit of 10−14e is obtained. Our approach provides a simple experimental scheme for angle measurements and is suitable as a laboratory exercise for both advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in physical science.


It is self-evident that identification in disputed paternity plays a positive role in maintaining the matrimonial sense and ethical relations of a family.But at the same time it also causes a series of new problems that should be paid much attention to.For example,it intensifies the significance of male kinship right while neglects that of female;it strengthens physiological and kin ethical sense while weakening that of social ethic in sex. These can easily bring out even worsen the emotion of unfaithfulness between couples,and finally cause the danger of matrimonial and kin trust.So the whole country and society should give the identification in disputed paternity some necessary direction and restrictions.


The thermally stimulated current method (TSC) is used to study the relaxation modes of the semicrystalline polyvinyle fluoride (PVF) polymer with a temperature that ranges (from −100°C to +100°C). The obtained spectrum shows three peaks as the temperature reaches −40°C, −1°C and +50°C. The shown peak at +50°C corresponds to the dielectric manifestation of the glass transition phenomenon and the peak at 0°C is attributed to the relaxation of H<inf>2</inf>O molecules, trapped in the sample. Finally, we have attributed the peak which corresponds to around −40°C to the β relaxation of the material. The thermal windowing method enables us to evaluate the activation enthalpy and the relaxation times. The area under each elementary peak allows us to calculate the relative dielectric dispersion. Knowing this later and the relaxation time τ(T) enables us deducing experimentally the real and the imaginary part of the dielectric permittivity ε∗ for each temperature T and at an equivalent frequency in TSC (f =10<sup>−3</sup>Hz). The Cole and Cole diagrams are then deduced.


Background: Based on the Ph III IMbrave150 trial, atezo + bev has been approved globally and is the standard of care for pts with unresectable HCC who have not received prior systemic therapy. With an additional 12 mo of follow-up from the primary analysis (median, 15.6 mo), atezo + bev showed consistent clinically meaningful treatment benefit and safety (Finn ASCO GI 2021). Here, we report results of updated analyses considering high-risk factors. Methods: Pts were randomized 2:1 to receive atezo 1200 mg IV q3w + bev 15 mg/kg IV q3w or sor 400 mg PO BID until loss of clinical benefit or unacceptable toxicity. High-risk pts were defined as those who had tumor invasion of the main trunk of the portal vein and/or the portal vein branch contralateral to the primarily involved lobe (Vp4), and/or bile duct invasion and/or tumor occupancy of ≥ 50% of liver. Results: In the ITT population, 64 (19%) pts randomized to atezo + bev and 37 (22%) pts randomized to sor were defined as high risk. 10 pts had bile duct invasion, 73 had Vp4 portal vein invasion and 31 had liver tumor occupancy of ≥ 50%. 9 pts in the atezo + bev arm and 4 pts in the sor arm had 2 high-risk factors. OS, PFS and ORR all favored atezo + bev over sor, in both non-high-risk and high-risk patients. See table for efficacy results. In safety-evaluable pts, Grade 3/4 treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) occurred in 122 (45%) of 269 non-high-risk and 21 (35%) of 60 high-risk atezo + bev pts. Grade 5 TRAEs occurred in 5 (2%) non-high-risk and 1 (2%) high-risk atezo + bev pt. Conclusions: Efficacy benefit was seen with atezo + bev vs sor regardless of the presence of high-risk features. HRs remained similar despite the numerical differences in median OS between non-high-risk and high-risk pts. Further, the overall safety data in the atezo + bev arm were comparable between non-high-risk and high-risk pts and in line with the known safety profile of each drug. Citation Format: Richard S. Finn, Shukui Qin, Masafumi Ikeda, Peter R. Galle, Michel Ducreux, Tae-You Kim, Masatoshi Kudo, Ho Yeong Lim, Valeriy Breder, Philippe Merle, Ahmed Kaseb, Daneng Li, Yin-Hsun Feng, Wendy Verret, Alan Nicholas, Lindong Li, Ning Ma, Andrew X. Zhu, Ann-Lii Cheng. IMbrave150: Updated efficacy and safety by risk status in patients (pts) receiving atezolizumab (atezo) + bevacizumab (bev) vs sorafenib (sor) as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr CT009.


Throughout Australia there has been a substantial interest in enviromental education for more than a decade. Much human and financial effort has gone into curriculum development at the school level and into support for implementation via inservice education, conferences, workshops, etc. Relatively little systematic evaluation of these efforts has been undertaken at the level of what students are learning. Most definitions of enviromental education internationally and in Australia emphasise the importance of affective learning concerning the environment alongside more usual cognitive knowledge and skills. Accordingly any evaluation should recognise this somewhat unusual balance among the intended learnings compared with most other subject areas. Recent research in several areas of school learning has brought out the importance of starting with an explicit recognition of the perceptions and understandings students already hold about topics. Teaching and learning of the topic then ought to be processes that enable the learners to generate or construct from these starting points, new understandings and perceptions. There has, however, been almost no research, apart from a comparative study by Schaeffer and his co-workers of West German and Phillippino secondary school students' associations with the word, ENVIRONMENT. (Schaeffer, 1979; Hernandez, 1981; Villavicencio, 1981). This paper reports an attempt in Victoria to begin to fill these gaps.


High wind energy curtailment during winter and early spring in north China has drawn widespread concern in recent years, which, at source, results from the shortage of power system flexibility. Therefore, power system needs to consider the flexibility in planning stage. However, current flexibility metric is difficult to calculate and be applied in to the optimal planning. A non-sequential production simulation model with only input data of the cumulative probability function and/or probability density function of heat demand, electricity demand, and wind power is proposed, which is used to obtain the probability distribution of the production for generators according to least cost principle. Then the flexibility metric can be easily calculated based on the production results. Simulations were performed based on the actual data of a large wind power zone in north China. Multiple flexibility metric was evaluated and compared with the wind power curtailment, which shows the strong correlation between them. Finally, the impact of flexible resources on the flexibility metric was analyzed.


We report a case of 17 years old male who presented with a sternoclavicular swelling. X ray revealed large lytic lesions in bilateral medial clavicle ends. MRI showed heterogeneous large exophytic mass in left clavicle and a smaller lesion in right clavicle. Perioperative and histopathological findings were consistent with enchondroma. Clinical, radiographic and pathological investigations were necessary to establish the diagnosis. Main stay of surgical treatment for symptomatic lesions is detailed intralesional curettage with or without bone grafting. To our knowledge, this cartilaginous tumor isolated in clavicle has never been previously reported in this location and with bilateral presentation.Keywords: Encondroma, Clavicle, Cartilagenous tumours.


This paper proposes a new scheduling method for a marshaling in the container yard terminal. The proposed method is derived based on Q-Learning algorithm considering the desired position of containers that are to be loaded into a ship. In the method, 3 processes can be optimized simultaneously: rearrangement order of containers, layout of containers assuring explicit transfer of container to the desir d position, and removal plan for preparing the rearrange operation. Moreover, the proposed method generates several desired positions for each container, so that the learning performance of the method can be improved as compared to the conventional methods. In general, at container yard terminals, containers are stacked in the arrival order. Containers have to be loaded into the ship in a certain order, since each container has its own shipping destination and it cannot be rearranged after loading. Therefore, containers have to be rearranged from the initial arrangement into the desired arrangement before shipping. In the problem, the number of container-arrangements increases by the exponential rate with increase of total count of containers, and the rearrangement process occupies large part of total run time of material handling operation at the terminal. For this problem, conventional methods require enormous time and cost to derive an admissible result. In order to show effectiveness of the proposed method, computer simulations for several examples are conducted.


Background: The pathogenesis of melasma has not yet been clearly demonstrated. But, clinical manifestations such as remarkable lesional symmetry and the distribution related to trigeminal nerves, suggest that the neural system could play a pathogenic role in melasma. Objective: This study was carried out to examine the expression of some neuropeptides and their receptors, which are well known to be major contributors of neuroinflammation in many dermatoses, in melasma lesions. Methods: Skin biopsies were obtained from the lesional and non-lesional facial skin of 6 Korean women with melasma. Immunofluorecence staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed. Results: In our results, no difference could be detected with regard to the intensity of immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRPR), substance P (SP), substance P receptor (SPR), somatostatin (SOM), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide receptor (PACAPR) in the lesional skins compared with the non-lesional skins. Conclusion: These results suggest that neuroinflammation induced by neuropeptides such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and somatostatin and their receptors included in this study, are not directly associated with melasma pathogenesis. (Korean J Dermatol 2008;46(5):627∼632)


Objective To study the chemical constituents from the active fractions of Qingnao Xuanqiao Formula. Methods Isolations were carried out by chromatography on macroporous resin, silica gel, and polyamide, and the structures were identified by spectral data. Results Two compounds in the active fractions of Qingnao Xuanqiao Formula were isolated and identified as dammar-24(25)-ene-3β, 12β, 20 (S)-triol-6-O-[6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅰ), monoethyl 2, 6, 11, 15-tetramethyl 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14-hexadecenedioicate (2E, 4E, 6E, 8E, 10E, 12E, 14E)(Ⅱ). Conclusion The two compounds are new compounds named as notoginsenoside Rt (Ⅰ) and monoethyl crocetin ester (Ⅱ).


© 2018 Matos and Ramiro; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


The article highly summarizes the academic road and contribution of professor SuBingQi, fully confrmps the academic value and its meaning of The new exploration on the origin of Chinese civilization.


'Screening window', defined as the period between the development of the abnormal test result of NBS and development of symptoms in the infant, may vary from disorder to disorder. It will be most ideal to collect sample on fourth day of life. Samples can be collected from home by trained nurse/phlebotomist. There are many riders associated with interpretation of blood samples collected in the first few days of life; often a repeat testing may be warranted. This not only increases the costs but can also lead to false alarm and cause panic in parents and families. However, defining age-appropriate cut-offs – as in the study in this issue of Indian Pediatrics [6] – may circumvent the problem of loss to follow-up. It is important to define criteria for permanent and transient hypothyroidism and exclude cases of transient hypothyroidism [7]. Workshops and pilot studies are required for standardization of diagnostic criteria for congenital hypothyroidism.


ABSTRACT Wood-residues and plastic wastes are environmental pollutants. The success of engineered Wood–Plastic Composites (WPCs) as structural materials depends on their properties. The physico-mechanical properties of WPCs from Triplochiton scleroxylon sawdust and post-consumer polyethylene water sachet were assessed. The components (Composite A = 10:90% wood–plastic, B = 25:75% and C = 50:50% by weight) were extruded and moulded into standard dimensions for physical (i.e. water absorption and hardness) and mechanical (i.e. tensile and impact strength) tests. Composite A absorbed the least water (0.02 ± 0.01%) and recorded the greatest hardness (51.40 ± 0.01 N mm−2) compared with Composite C (0.08 ± 0.01% and 40.30 ± 0.04 N mm−2 respectively). Tensile strength ranged from 30.64 ± 0.12 N mm−2 (Composite C) to 34.78 ± 0.09 N mm−2 (Composite B), and the impact from 0.50 ± 0.01 J (Composite C) to 0.90 ± 0.01 J (Composite A). The engineering and utilisation of wood-residue and plastic waste into composites would ease timber over-exploitation and minimise environmental pollution threats, contribute to ease timber over-exploitation and minimise environmental pollution threats.


The article considers the peculiarities of development of leasing in Russia in modern conditions, and the impact of the crisis that began in 2014., the prospects and possibilities of development of the market of leasing services.


— Automated vehicles are expected to solve traffic issues. We proposed a prototype of remote type automated vehicle system. However, the lack of information due to the limited number of cameras and signal delay makes the system difficult to control. To improve accurate remote control and compensate the delay, a method of trajectory prediction with changing fps or resolution is proposed. This demonstration paper introduces the automated vehicle system and explains the system configuration, communication and results. The experiment in this paper is measuring the delay at each fps and resolution.


We give an explicit formula for the Hodge filtration on the $\mathscr{D}_X$-module $O_X(*Z)f^{1-\alpha}$ associated to the effective $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor $D=\alpha\cdot Z$, where $0<\alpha\le1$ and $Z=(f=0)$ is an irreducible hypersurface defined by $f$, a weighted homogeneous polynomial with an isolated singularity at the origin. In particular this gives a formula for the Hodge ideals of $D$. We deduce a formula for the generating level of the Hodge filtration, as well as further properties of Hodge ideals in this setting. We also extend the main theorem to the case when $f$ is a germ of holomorphic function that has non-degenerate Newton boundary and has an isolated singularity at the origin.


Cultured neonatal rat heart cells can be used to study the factors that regulate cardiac contractility and myocyte development in vitro. An antibody to the 26,000 dalton light chain of myosin (MLC1), has been produced and purified on a Sepharose 4B affinity column prepared with rat heart myosin. When primary cultures of myocytes are studied by indirect immunofluorescence using the antibody a predictable pattern of myofibrillar structure is observed to develop over 72h. This myosin cytoskeleton is highly organized and the myosin fibrils exhibit cross striations. The antibody does not stain non‐muscle heart cells and there is no evidence for myocyte division in culture. The qualitative immunofluorescent pattern of myosin organization in the same in both spontaneously beating and in non‐contracting cells.


: Pterygium comes from the Greek, namely pteron, which means wing. Pterygium is an abnormal growth of fibrovascular tissue with a triangular shape from the conjunctiva that extends to the cornea. It is a proliferative disorder of the ocular surface, caused by connective tissue remodeling and angiogenesis leading to fibrovascular proliferation. This journal aims to provide information about risk factors and management of pterygium in coastal residents. Work as a farmer/fisherman/labourer had the highest prevalence of pterygium at 15.8%. The most influential pterygium risk factor for coastal communities is their work as a fisherman, and also being in the equatorial area which is an area with high sun exposure, this can trigger pterygium. Work as a fisherman carried out for years and hours, which averages around 7 hours and above for exposure to direct sunlight can also trigger pterygium. Pterygium management that can be done is giving eye drops to reduce complaints, then performing surgery or surgery using excision techniques, namely baresclera, Conjunctival autograft technique, and Amniotic membrane grafting. The high recurrence rate associated with postoperative complications is common thus additional medical management has been included in the surgical treatment of pterygium namely mitomycin C, anti-VEGF, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and loteprednol etabonate.


Operating systems require extensive help documentation. The purpose of this research is the development of a hypertext version of man for the UNIX operating system. The conversion of the man pages was facilitated by the use of several programs. This article contains a discussion of automating the conversion of standard text to hypertext.


subject bears the stamp of this way of thinking. Kinship, status, and neighbourhood are universals, no doubt. But are they as important in modern African towns as they are in the countryside ? These criticisms are not quibbles. They question the fundamentals of social thinking about modern Africa, or, indeed, any other changing society. The value of this book is that it indicates quite clearly, but only sometimes explicitly recognizes, that our entry into the study of complex society requires a conceptual ' re-tooling'.


Calculations of focal properties and third-order aberration coefficients are presented for atom mirrors based on elastically deformed single-crystal surfaces. Biaxial loading of the mirrors is achieved by a combination of a uniform applied pressure and rectangular boundary conditions. The results are calculated for readily available single-crystal wafers of Si(111) with a thickness of 50 μm and a usable free standing diameter of 18 mm. Focusing of beams at non-normal incidence requires the principal radii of curvature, in planes normal to the mirror plane, to be different. The ratio of these principal radii of curvature is shown to be insensitive to the applied pressure and can be varied by a factor greater than 10 by changing the boundary conditions from square (1:1) to rectangular (1:2).


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the value of spiral computed tomography(sCT) in the judgement of gross type, invasion to serosa and adjacent organs of advanced gastric carcinoma.

METHODS
The sCT results of 53 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma undergone gastrectomy were compared with surgical pathologic findings.

RESULTS
The accuracy of judging gross type, location and size of gastric carcinoma was 92.5%, 88.7%, 81.1% respectively; 80.5% of serosal invasion was correctly judged by extraluminal fat sign, while 63.4% by serosal contour sign (P < 0.05). Different serosal types could be differentiated by CT features. The accuracy of judging invasion to pancreas, spleen and transverse colon was 87.8%, 87.8%, and 90.2%; and the specificity was 96.7%, 97.0% and 96.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Spiral computed tomography is of help in the identification of the gross type, invasion to serosa and adjacent organs of gastric cancer in its stage of progression.


This report provides a comprehensive list of existing laws and pending legislation containing conditions, limitations, and reporting requirements for U.S. foreign assistance to Pakistan. It will track the debate on this topic and resulting changes.


Drawing upon contributions of scholarship on power and resistance in critical organizational communication studies, this essay explores resistance as a form to shape and reinforce professionalism from Taiwanese commercial airline pilots9 performed discursive practice. Interviews were conducted with Taiwanese commercial airline pilots to excavate their personal narratives, which are then presented in poetic transcription. Through the poetic transcription, this essay demonstrates Taiwanese commercial airline pilots9 resistance as embodied performance of work-practices in everyday organizing; thus calling for a performative turn to study organizational power, resistance, and professionalism.


ABSTRACT HD154708 has an extraordinarily strong magnetic field of 24.5kG. Using 2.5h of high timeresolution Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) spectra we have discoveredthis star to be an roAp star with a pulsation period of 8min. The radial velocity amplitudes intherareearthelementlinesofNd II ,Nd III andPr III areunusuallylow–∼60ms −1 –foranroApstar.SomeevidencesuggeststhatroApstarswithstrongermagneticfieldshavelowerpulsationamplitudes. Given the central role that the magnetic field plays in the oblique pulsator modelof the roAp stars, an extensive study of the relation of magnetic field strength to pulsationamplitude is desirable. Key words: stars: individual: HD154708 – stars: magnetic fields – stars: oscillations – stars:variables: other. 1 INTRODUCTION ThemagneticAstarsareimportantforthestudyoftheinteractionofstellar magnetic fields with rotation, pulsation and atomic diffusion,allofwhichhaveimplicationsformanyfieldsofstellarastrophysics.As with many physical systems, extreme cases may provide tests ofour understanding of these systems. Recently Hubrig et al. (2005)discovered one of the strongest magnetic fields known for an uppermain sequence chemically peculiar star,


The occurrence o. a transfer of the methyl group of methionine to carbon atom 28 of the sterol skeleton was demonstrated in the case of ergosterol biosynthesis in yeast (1, 2). It seemed advisable to investigate another example of this new biological reaction, and the mold metabolite citrinin (Formula I), C&H1405, first described by Hetherington and Raistrick (3), was chosen for this investigation. Following the suggestions of Woodward (4) regarding the derivation of certain natural substances from polyacetic acids, the assumption was made that the skeleton of the citrinin molecule consists of a chain of 5 acetic acid molecules combined head-to-tail as presented in Formula II,


This paper presents a complete and exhaustive proof that an Infinite Number of Triplet Primes exist. The approach to this proof uses same logic that Euclid used to prove there are an infinite number of prime numbers. Then we prove that if p > 1 and d > 0 are integers, that p and p + d are both primes if and only if for integer n (see reference 1 and 2): n =(p−1)!(1/p+(−1)d(d!)/(p + d)+ 1/(p+1)+ 1/(p+d) We use this proof and Euclid logic to prove only an infinite number of Triplet Primes exist. However we shall begin by assuming that a finite number of Triplet Primes exist, we shall prove a contradiction to the assumption of a finite number, which will prove that an infinite number of Triplet Primes exist.


Stress‐related brain disorders can be associated with glucocorticoid disturbance and hippocampal alteration. However, it remains largely unknown how cortisol affects the structure and function of hippocampus. Cushing's disease (CD) provides a unique "hyperexpression model" to explore the effects of excessive cortisol on hippocampus as well as the relation between these effects and neuropsychological deficits.


AUTHOR Kauth, Michael R. TITLE The Role of Education in the MIRECCs. PUB DATE 2001-08-24 NOTE 7p.; Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Psychological Association (109th, San Francisco, CA, August 24-28, 2001). PUB TYPE Reports Evaluative (142) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Adult Education; Delivery Systems; Government Role; *Mental Health; Research and Development; Theory Practice Relationship; *Veterans Education IDENTIFIERS *Department of Veterans Affairs


Heaven interviews privacy expert Frank Ahearn regarding his professional hide-and-seek transform in the 21st century. Among others, Ahearn also tells the impact of social media


Abstract : In 2000, a National Biological and Chemical Countermeasures Program was created involving three major institutions: The University of Texas (UT), The University of South Florida, and Texas Tech University. This report considers the structure and technical achievements of The University of Texas University Affiliated Research Center (UARC) component and describes research activities from four UT campuses (Austin, Galveston Medical Branch, San Antonio and South West Medical School Dallas), the Texas Department of Health, the 6th Civil Support Team of the Texas National Guard, Austin Office of Emergency Management, and the Institute for Defense Analyses. The major research efforts are in sensors for threat agents, biomedical responses, and communication. During the first year rapid progress was achieved in several areas, including: the production of high affinity antibodies against anthrax toxin and brucella presented on external surfaces of bacteria; the production of antibodies against multiple pathogenic components; and identification of aptamers that bind ricin and recognize nuclear factors involved in inflammatory responses to threat agents. Intelligent software agents are being developed for belief maintenance and resource allocation. The integration of this effort with the Texas State Health Alert Network (HAN) and archival health data sets initiates our efforts in fusing countermeasures with biosurveillance responses.


Under microwave irradiation, agglomerates of nanospherical amorphous calcium magnesium phosphate (ACMP) particles were precipitated from a source solution with Ca, Mg, and PO4 3 . These precipitates were achieved when Mg was added no less than three times concentrated of Ca. Otherwise, the as-precipitated powder would only be a mixture of brushite (DCPD) and calcium sodium phosphate (CNP) with poor Mg substitution. As compared to the mixture of DCPD and CNP, the as-formed ACMP presented great densification during sintering. Moreover, the as-sintered products were bioactive with final composition of magnesium pyrophosphate (MPP), b-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP), and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP).


The focus of the research is the motion characteristics of the teams which participated in the World cup 2018 in Russia. For the purpose of the research we collected the data from all the matches in the knock out phase of the tournament. We divided the results for every position during the halves and calculated the total distance covered. This way we could get an idea of the intensity and the profile of elite soccer players. In the analyses we included 273 players that played in the knock out phase. As a result of the research, we found that the goalkeeper had total distance covered of 4061,59 metеrs; defenders had a 9352 metеrs; midfielders had a 10708 metеrs and strikers had a 9731 metеrs. It is interesting that the total distance covered during the second half is greater than in the first one. Conclusion of the research is that the total distance covered is different for all of the researched positions which is a predisposition for disclosing the motor profile of the players. From the study of motor activity in football at world championships we can draw the following conclusions: 1) The results are comfirmation that even at a World Cup the performance characteristics are greatly influenced by position of play; 2) The higher total distance covered during the second half suggests extremely high aero bic capabilities of elite football players.


We put the upper bound on the gravitational waves (GWs) induced by the scalar-field fluctuations during the inflation. In particular, we focus on the case where the scalar fluctuations get amplified within some subhorizon scales by some mechanism during the inflation. Since the energy conservation law leads to the upper bound on the energy density of the scalar fluctuations, the amplitude of the scalar fluctuations are constrained and therefore the induced GWs are also. Taking into account this, we derive the upper bound on the induced GWs. As a result, we find that the GW power spectrum must be Ph . O( (k/k∗)), where is the slow-roll parameter and k∗ is the peak scale of the scalar-field fluctuations.


This study was executed during two successive seasons 2014 and 2015 for evaluating the effect of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus circulans, Glomus macrocarpum and Pseudomonas fluorescens on infection percentage, enzymatic activity, growth characteristics, total phenol, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity in presence or absence of Fusarium oxysporum in sterilized or non- sterilized soil under greenhouse condition. The obtained results observed that the tested strains showed suppression for F. oxysporum in vitro. Similar results were obtained under greenhouse experiment where the inoculation of soil with biofertilizers strains in presence of P. fluorescens showed the lowest records of infection percentage as well as the higher values of enzymatic activity, growth characteristics, total phenol, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to full dose of chemical fertilizers treatment. This study provides evidence for diminishing the adverse evolved from the continues application of chemical fertilizers in high doses and replacing it (at least partially) through biofertilizers and biocontrol application.


We present another expression to regularize the Euler product representation of the Riemann zeta function. % in this paper. The expression itself is essentially same as the usual Euler product that is the infinite product, but we define a new one as the limit of the product of some terms derived from the usual Euler product. We also refer to the relation between the Bernoulli number and $P(z)$, which is an infinite summation of a $z$ power of the inverse primes. When we apply the same technique to the $L$-function associated to an elliptic curve, we can evaluate the power of the Taylor expansion for the function even in the critical strip, which is deeply related to problems known as the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture and the Beilinson conjecture.


In the matter of the fact-finding between the Maine-Endwell Central School District, employer, and the MainEndwell Teachers Association, New York State United Teachers (NYSUT), union. PERB case no. M2016-156. Before: Timothy W. Gorman, fact finder.


The activities of each government should be aimed at ensuring decent living conditions and meeting the needs of the population. Taxation is one of the main tools for regulating economic relations between the state and economic entities and citizens. The article examines the economic factors that affect the processes of taxation of enterprises in Ukraine and European countries, the range of problems that taxpayers face when submitting reports to the regulatory authorities has been established. The article examines the problem related to the taxation of enterprises, with the process of submitting tax reports to regulatory authorities.. It is revealed that moderate taxation is typical for most countries today. This is the result of a tax policy whose priority is to achieve the goal of creating a stable economic growth, a favorable tax climate for the development of economic activities and effective solutions to social problems in the state. The article analyzes the features of the taxation system of enterprises in other countries, compares the results of recent research and publications in this area, which are offered by foreign and domestic experts. The main directions of the policy aimed at overcoming negative factors that hinder the development of enterprises are established, and ways of solving problems.


EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) is a new technology for access network based on Ethernet protocol. In this paper, a system model is established to simulate the EPON system. The different noise sources that affect the system performance are taken into account, including 1ST, MIPN, RIN, Extinction Ratio, etc. Not only the system performance degradation induced by burst-mode reception but also the requirement and effect of FEC are considered. The optimal system parameters are found to achieve a tradeoff between system performance and cost. At last, a technical scheme technically and economically feasible for China is put forward. More attention is paid to the burst mode operation which leads to the system performance degradation. A theoretical model is adopted to determine the sensitivity penalty caused by burst mode reception.


In this paper two necessary and sufficient conditions are given to the descendable continuous self mappings of the square,which are of Type 2 ∞;be locally metric stability and strongseparability of orbits.


The ab initio calculations approach was used to determine the mechanism of interaction between propene and a sulfenyl halide. The second-order Møller-Plesset corrections for the electron correlation energy were applied to calculate the most probable Gibbs Free Energy profiles for the selected reaction. All optimized structures were confirmed by vibrational frequency analysis and intrinsic reaction coordinate calculations. Two possible reaction pathways were proposed and evaluated to conclusively characterize the reaction. The reaction proceeds via formation of a cyclic episulfonium intermediate, stereoselective ring opening of the episulfonium intermediate by the chloride anion, and isomerization of the adduct of the kinetically controlled reaction into the thermodynamically favorable product. Graphical Abstract Ab initio Computational Insight into the Interaction of Alkyl-substituted Ethene and Sulfenyl Halide


The electrical conductance of few layer graphene during thermal evaporation of fullerene C60 as well as the conductance under illumination of this bilayer junction is reported. We obtained few layer graphene films by chemical vapor deposition technique, and then C60 was thermally evaporated on these films. We found an increase in conductance of few layer graphene during the thermal evaporation of C60 and a kind of negative photoconductivity when the bilayer junction was under illumination. We observed that at low light intensities few layer graphene is p-type doped, and we propose that its behavior changes to n-type for high light intensities.


When alkali metals are brought into contact with silver or gold, catalytic activity for hydrogen activation reactions results which is higher than that for each of the constituent metals. The order of the activity per mole of alkali metal for the H2-D2 exchange reaction is Ag–C>Ag–K>Au–Cs>Ag–Na. The Ag–Cs and Ag–K systems absorb considerable amounts of hydrogen. The nature of the active sites and the contact effect of the IB metal with the alkali metal are discussed.


Social harmony depends on an educational harmony,but educational harmony cannot exist without legality in education.Based on the analysis of the disharmoniously educational situation,such as unbalanced education in rural and urban areas,regions,social classes,educational resources and the educational value,this paper holds that educational harmony calls for legality in education and suggests a speedy legality in education,a fair mechanism,increased investment in education,standardized educational charges and college entrance examination,improved curriculum system and guarantee mechanism.


My interest in the language of dialogue in fiction was first aroused when I looked into sentence length (de Haan, 1993) and noticed that the two authors of the crime novels in the Nijmegen corpus were quite different in their use of what in Quirk et al. (1985) is called 'reporting clauses', and what in the TOSCA analysis system (Oostdijk, 1993) is referred to as 'reporting utterances'. One of the two authors, for instance, far more often made explicit reference to somebody's speech by means of reporting clauses than the other. The same author also used far more different verbs in these reporting utterances than the other. One of the questions that these observations naturally led to was whether they point to a different attitude of the author to representing dialogue in fiction. Variation in the use of reporting utterances had also been noticed by Oostdijk (1990), who studied five fiction texts taken from the TOSCA corpus. Oostdijk points out that dialogue in fiction has its own characteristics, which makes it like, but at the same time also different from, spoken language. It is like spoken language, as it clearly reflects the author's attempt to represent spoken conversation. It is clearly unlike spoken language as it is planned, revised, and edited. Oostdijk assumes a continuous scale with planned discourse at one extreme and unplanned discourse at the other, suggesting that dialogue in fiction is found somewhere between these extremes. Oostdijk (1990) presents an overall picture of five fiction samples from the TOSCA corpus, but suggests that a number of observations point to the existence of idiosyncratic variation among authors. I became more interested in the question whether it is possible to present a coherent picture of this variation, while at the same time characterizing the language of dialogue in fiction more generally. In this article I will restrict myself to a discussion of some preliminary findings and I will try to indicate in which direction further research might be conducted. It should be borne in mind that the term 'dialogue' in this article (as in Oostdijk's) is used to include any kind of direct speech utterance. ICAME Journal No. 20


Utilizing over 100 years of rainfall records in 15 meteorology stations, an analysis was carried out to extract the trends of annual rainfall depth in Sri Lanka over the last century. A statistically significant increasing trend of rate 3.15 mm/year was observed at Colombo and decreasing trends were observed at Nuwara Eliya and Kandy with rates of 4.87 mm/year and 2.88 mm/year respectively. Since no coherent increase or decrease of rainfall in any group of stations in the wet or dry zones was observed, the possibility of large scale change over the past century was ruled out. However, more recent data records (1949 onwards), revealed a decreasing trends in 13 of the 15 stations. Thus, traces of a temporal change seem to be apparent in the rainfall records over the last half century. In general, the downward trends in recent decades are steeper than the long term variations. For the recent data records, the largest downward trend of 11.16 mm/year was observed at Batticaloa.


This paper presents a protection device covering broad range of currents in LVDC distribution. As direct current has significantly different electrical characteristics compared to alternate current, it is important to implement protection strategies. To fulfil this requirement, this paper firstly introduces design architecture of sensing unit, shunt embedded and override sensor connected to digital trip system. Based on current measurement system, we focus on designing arc splitting component called "Arc Chute". To verify this component, various tests according to IEC 60947-2 were applied to DC ACB (Air Circuit Breaker). INTRODUCTION In 21 st Century, The trend of global market in low voltage distribution has been focused on DC system as conventional AC generation had occurred side effect such as environment pollution. Among various alternative means to solve the problem, PV and ESS system have been a practical solution on account of its convenience to generate infinitely and store the energy at any time [1]. In order to use these systems properly, it is crucial to apply the proper protection devices into DC distribution line to guarantee the protection. As shown in Fig. 1, there is an example of ESS system. As fault current was occurred in battery rack, the protection system is to be implemented in power conditioning system otherwise the entire grid has possibility to shut down and converter device is no longer available [2]. To correspond market trend, in 2017, LSIS distributed an air circuit breaker for DC 1000V as shown in Fig 2. This system covers 65kA/1sec for short time withstand current capacity (Icw), and its short circuit current (Icu) up Battery Protection Unit (Junction Box) Battery Protection Unit = ~


for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. We are also grateful to Bob Holthausen and Richard Rikert for letting us use their data bases of changes in accounting procedures.


Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) can inhibit endothelial function and impair nitric oxide bioavailability. We tested the hypothesis that I/R also blunts the rapid and steady-state hyperemic and vasodilatory response to handgrip exercise. Ten subjects (8M/2F; 24±4yr) performed handgrip exercises before and after I/R (20 min of ischemia/20 min of reperfusion) and time control (40 min supine rest) trials. Forearm blood flow (FBF) and vascular conductance (FVC) were assessed with Doppler ultrasound during single forearm contractions and 3 min of rhythmic handgrip exercise. Venous blood samples were drawn at rest and during exercise to assess plasma [nitrite]. Peak ΔFBF (from baseline) and ΔFVC following single contractions were attenuated following I/R (134±48 vs. 103±42 ml·min-1; 160±55 vs. 118±48 ml·min-1·100 mmHg-1, P<0.05 for both) but not following time control (115±63 vs. 124±57 ml·min-1; 150±80 vs. 148±64 ml·min-1·100 mmHg-1, P=0.16 and P=0.95, respectively). Steady-state ΔFBF and ΔFVC during rhythmic exercise were unchanged in both I/R (192 ± 52 vs. 190±53 ml·min-1; 208±56 vs. 193±60 ml·min-1·100 mmHg-1) and time control (188±54 vs. 196±48 ml·min-1; 206±60 vs. 207±49 ml·min-1·100 mmHg-1) trials (group x time interactions P=0.34 and 0.21, respectively). Plasma [nitrite] under resting conditions and during steady-steady state rhythmic exercise was attenuated following I/R (P<0.05 for both) but not time control (P=0.54 and 0.93). These data indicate I/R blunts hyperemia and vasodilation at the onset of muscle contractions but does not attenuate these responses during steady-state exercise.


We demonstrated that the carrier density in the channel of pentacene field-effect transistor (FET) is allowed to be evaluated on the basis of optical measurement, charge modulated spectroscopy (CMS). Signal modulation corresponds well with the electrical properties; device exhibited only p-type characteristics in ambient atmosphere and only negative gate voltage induces the reflectance modulation, indicating the suppression of n-type operation. Reflectance modulation that increases linearly with negative gate voltage was reproduced by the multilayer optical analysis taking into account the channel formation. Based on such analysis, carrier density in the channel was evaluated from a magnitude of modulation at specific wavelength.


This paper aims to analyze the multiterritoriality and the knowledge building processes of teachers and students, when accessing the virtual territory. The study participants belong to a full-time public school in a medium-sized city in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The source of the data produced was a narrative interview. The theoretical foundations are the contributions of Rogério Haesbaert about territory, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari about rhizome, in dialogue with authors who focus on Information and Communication Technologies and their relations with education. The analysis mobilizes the cartography, as one of the principles of the rhizome, and maps the appropriations of the virtual territory of teachers and students, when accessing a network of rhizomatic interactions in cyberculture. The results indicate in the constitution of the multiterritoriality of teachers and students, there are different degrees of informational vulnerability, and different knowledge processes. These processes concern about knowledge in technology, the ability of communication and interaction possibilities due the content production and sharing. The study's conclusions point to the importance of the debate in the education field about the ubiquity movements that demarcate teachers and students knowledge building processes, beyond school learning, in proposing reflexions about the access to the virtual territory marked by subjects identity movement, whose experiences are built in different socioeconomic and cultural conditions.


Abstract This article argues that the secretary-general of the United Nations is in many respects in a strong position to engage in "norm entrepreneurship." However, he must constantly balance the desire to forward particular principled ideas with the need to maintain the support of the member states and to act within the organization's (and his own) mandate. Examined here are the attempts made by Boutros Boutros-Ghali to promote a norm of democratic governance, with particular emphasis on the importance of the ways in which he strategically "framed" that concept. It is argued that although his democracy-promotion activities were not an unqualified success—and indeed some of the limitations on the secretary-general's capacity for norm building are highlighted—they nevertheless had a real and lasting impact on the organization.


Trees in a native pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch.) grove vary in size, age, and genotype and tree spacing pattern is not uniform. This presents some problems for managing tree density, calibrating pesticide sprayers, and other manage- ment tasks. Trunk and canopy diameters and tree height of diverse sizes of native pecan trees in managed groves were measured and the relationships of cross-sectional trunk area with canopy footprint, surface area, and volume were determined. The canopy footprint, surface area, and volume per hectare were then calculated for the recom- mended stocking density of 6.9 m 2 � ha -1 of cross-sectional trunk area. Cross-sectional trunk area was strongly correlated with canopy footprint, surface area, and volume. Groves with an average tree size between 0.02 and 0.75 m 2 � ha -1 cross-sectional trunk had '50% canopy cover per unit land area and 3 haha -1 bearing surface per unit land area at the recommended stocking density.


Background: There is still much controversy about whether meteorological conditions influence the occurrence of acute aortic dissection (AAD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible correlation between atmospheric pressure, temperature, lunar cycle and the event of aortic dissection in our patient population. Methods: The clinical data for 348 patients with AAD (73% type Stanford A) were confronted with the meteorological data provided by the Cologne weather station over the same period. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between meteorological parameters on days of AAD events compared with control days. A logistic regression model showed that air pressure (odds ratio [OR] 1.004, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.991–1.017, p = 0.542), air temperature (OR 0.978, 95% CI 0.949–1.008, p = 0.145), season (p = 0.918) and month of the event (p = 0.175) as well as presence of full moon (OR 1.579, 95% CI 0.763–3.270, p = 0.219) were not able to predict AAD events. Also, no predictive power of meteorological data and season was found on analysing their impact on different types of AAD events. Conclusions: Our study did not reveal any dependence of atmospheric pressure, air temperature or the presence of full moon on the incidence of different types of AAD.


The characteristics,research status and the main problems of geological disasters induced by mining were discussed.In view of Chinese actual condition,the trend of geological disasters induced by mining was analysed and the future development of research orientation was prospected.Several feasible concepts were emphasized such as environmental condition factors of geological disasters induced by mining,classification evaluation and regional research.


To investigate the effect of sacrifice anode system in frozen earth,a mathematical model was established to analyze and calculate the potential distribution of heat pipe under cathodic protection in frozen earth under selected boundary condition by using boundary element as the computational method along with Matlab sofware.Results indicate that three stage linearity can be used to fit the relationship between potential and both the anodic and cathodic current density. The error between predicted potential value and the actual one is less than 10%,which can provide the basis for stabilizing the roadbed and designing the pipe's cathodic protection in frozen earth in the future.


The effects of diet-induced weight loss (WL) and WL after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on β cell function (BCF) are unclear because of conflicting results from different studies, presumably because of differences in the methods used to measure BCF, the amount of WL between treatment groups, and baseline BCF. We evaluated the effect of WL after RYGB surgery or reduced energy intake alone on BCF in people with obesity with and without type 2 diabetes. BCF (insulin secretion in relationship to plasma glucose) was assessed before and after glucose or mixed-meal ingestion before and after (a) progressive amounts (6%, 11%, 16%) of WL induced by a low-calorie diet (LCD) in people with obesity without diabetes, (b) ~20% WL after RYGB surgery or laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) in people with obesity without diabetes, and (c) ~20% WL after RYGB surgery or LCD alone in people with obesity and diabetes. Diet-induced progressive WL in people without diabetes progressively decreased BCF. Marked WL after LAGB or RYGB in people without diabetes did not alter BCF. Marked WL after LCD or RYGB in people with diabetes markedly increased BCF, without a […]


Extensive and practical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the field of electronics and devices require precisely controlled growth and integration of CNTs into predesigned micro/nano-architectures. Several critical topics, including where it starts, where it goes, alignment direction, and electrical types, have to be addressed to meet the challenges. Tremendous investigations have been made on the topics. However, due to existing drawbacks of individual approaches, such as high substrate temperature, coarse integration, mixed electrical types, liquid phase processing, reliability, yield and cost, high-performance-on-demand solutions are still vacant. In this study, we investigated several laser-based strategies to address the challenges. Parallel integration of CNTs into pre-designed micro/nano-architectures was achieved in a single-step laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) process at a relative low substrate temperature by making use of optical near-field effect. Growing CNT arrays of controlled alignments was achieved by applying external electrical biases of different polarities to influence the movement of catalyst particles in the LCVD process. CNT-based field-effect transistors (CNT-FETs) containing only semiconducting CNTs were obtained in a scalable manner through an optically controlled approach. The laser-based strategies investigated in this study suggest a laser-based solution-package to meet the challenges for practical applications of CNTs, and promises a reliable and scalable approach to achieve CNT-integrated devices.Extensive and practical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the field of electronics and devices require precisely controlled growth and integration of CNTs into predesigned micro/nano-architectures. Several critical topics, including where it starts, where it goes, alignment direction, and electrical types, have to be addressed to meet the challenges. Tremendous investigations have been made on the topics. However, due to existing drawbacks of individual approaches, such as high substrate temperature, coarse integration, mixed electrical types, liquid phase processing, reliability, yield and cost, high-performance-on-demand solutions are still vacant. In this study, we investigated several laser-based strategies to address the challenges. Parallel integration of CNTs into pre-designed micro/nano-architectures was achieved in a single-step laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) process at a relative low substrate temperature by making use of optical near-field effect. Growing CNT arrays of...