Objective: To evaluate the effect of HMME-mediated photodynamic therapy on human osteosarcoma cell line U-2OS,and to investigate the therapy-related apoptosis mechanism of U-2OS cell in vitro.Methods: Different laser doses(0,3,6,9 J·cm-2) were applied to irradiate the human U-2OS cell after the osteosarcoma cell had been treated with different concentrations of HMME(0,10,20,30,40 μg·ml-1) for 4 hours.MTT was employed to detect the cell survival to yield the EC50 dosage in the study group,control group,drug control group and laser control group.The EC50 corresponding HMME dosage and laser dose were identified as the standard for the study group.The apoptotic morphology of the study group was observed under optical microscopy after processed with Hoechst33342 nuclear staining method,compared with a blank control group.Western blot was applied to analyzed the expression of caspase-7,caspase-9 and PARP-1 protein.Results: U-2OS cell survival rate detected MTT ranged from 96.7 % to 100 %,EC50 for HMME were 40.1 μg·ml-1(6 J·cm-2)and 25.0 μg·ml-1(9 J·cm-2).Western blot of caspase-7,caspase-9 and PARP-1 protein indicated a significant difference between study group and the control group.Conclusion: Human osteosarcoma cell line U-2OS cell can be treated with HMME-mediated photodynamic therapy by inducing the activation of caspase pathway in vitro.


Diagnosis using medical images helps doctors detect diseases and treat patients effectively. A system that segments objects automatically from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role when doctors diagnose injuries and brain diseases. This article presents a method for automatic brain, scalp, and skull segmentation from MRI that uses Bitplane and the Adaptive Fast Marching method (FMM). We focus on the segmentation of these tissues, especially the brain, because they are the essential objects, and their segmentation is the first step in the segmentation of other tissues. First, the type of each slice is set based on the shape of the brain, and the head region is segmented by removing its background. Second, the sure region and the unsure region are segmented based on the Bitplane method. Finally, this work proposes an approach for classification that is based on the Adaptive FMM. This approach is evaluated with the BrainWeb and Neurodevelopmental MRI databases and compared with other methods. The Dice Averages for brain, scalp, and skull segmentation are 96%, 80%, and 93%, respectively, on the BrainWeb database and 91%, 67%, and 80%, respectively, on the Neurodevelopmental MRI database.


The area of Esfordi-Zarigan in Central Iran is located in Bafq metallogenic province where most the rock units belong to Precambrian, Infracambrian and Cambrian periods. Although the sedimentary and volcanic rocks are widely distributed, this research is mainly focused on petrogenesis of plutonic rocks. From stratigraphic point of view sedimentary and volcanic rocks can be classified in five major units: Lower Dolomite Unit, Lower Volcanic-Sedimentary Unit, Middle Dolomite Unit, Upper Volcanic Unit and Aqda Limestone. Based on the carbonate lithology and their fossil assemblages, the sequence set forth above may be correlated with the Infracambrian Soltaniyeh Formation and the PC-C boundary can be placed at the base of the Middle Dolomite Unit. Ore mineralization took can be seen only in the Lower VolcanicSedimentary Unit and the Upper Volcanic Unit seems to be barren. Plutonic bodies are mainly consisting of granite, granodiorites, gabbros, syenites which granites are most spread (e.g. Zarigan pluton). Two types of syenites can be identified: pyroxene syenites and biotite syenites, which the latter being older. All the plutonic bodies in the studied area were intruded in the Precambrian-Infracambrian sequences. Effects of several orogenic phases since the emplacement of plutons, extensive mineralization and prolonged chemical weathering caused intensive mineralogical and chemical changes in all rock types, especially intrusive. Presence of cataclastic and metasomatic textures along with intruded feldspatic and iron vienlets are the main evidences for the above mentioned changes. Calculated alteration degree and study of elemental changes deduced from mass balance calculations reveals the effect of alkaline metasomatism and weathering in Arash syenite. Identical gain in K2O (and Rb) and Al2O3 (phallic alteration of plagioclase rich mineral assemblage) with parallel loss in Fe2O3, CaO, Na2O, Ba and Sr are seen in the samples from Arash syenite. Relative increase in Nb and Zr in the samples is probably due to leach of the mobile cations in this pluton. Chemical index of alteration for Zarigan and western Mishdovan plutons shows the primary stage of weathering although the Zarigan pluton is affected by sodic metasomatism. Geochemistry of the major elements indicates the all of the studied samples are metaaluminous. Samples are plotted in the calk-alkaline series and with the exception of syenites, they show a sub-alkaline affinity. It is hard to consider an evolution path from gabbro to granite using major and trace elements discrimination diagrams. Decrease in Zr and Nb with parallel increase inSiO2which is one of the most identical factors for the calc-alkaline differentiationis remarkable in Arash syenite and Zarigan granite. There is a clear change in Y, Th, and Nb relative to Zr in Arash syenite, and based on constant ratio of Zr/Nb, the role of country rock contamination and assimilation is insignificant in the petrogenesis of this pluton. Nb negative anomaly suggests a subduction-related origin for the Arash syenite. Evolution path for the metaaluminous Zarigan granite is clearly in consistent with that of calc-alkaline trondjemite series. Pattern of some trace elements such as Y, Nb, and Rb are suggesting the volcanic arc setting for Zarigan granite. Low H2O pressure is implied by hypersolvus and absence of aqueous minerals (e.g. biotite) for this granite. Temperatures between 720-760 °C are estimated for the formation of Zarigan Granite in 2kbar water pressure. Study of apatite samples from Esfordi iron-apatite ore shows high concentration of REEs in the samples. Zonal distribution of some REEs such as La is also identified in the single apatite crystal. Negative anomaly of Eu can not be seen in Esfordi apatite which makes it distinctive from the igneous type apatites; however, similarities in REE patterns with Kirouna type apatites may suggest a hydrothermal origin for Esfordi apatite.


The application of synergy in technology innovation has been one of the topical issues in recent years,but the research results have not been generalized by any papers.This paper reviews the recent literature in this field,summarizes and appraises the application of synergy in technology innovation from the synergy in and between innovative factors and innovative subjects,and collaborative innovation mode,so as to reflect the basic profile of this field.At last,this paper puts forward some issues to study in this field and paves the way for further theoretical research.


The problem of Boussinesq thermal convection in a rotating spherical shell has been investigated in reference to the global thermal convection in astronomical bodies. While there are some MHD dynamo models allowing the inner sphere rotation, studies of thermal convection performed so far have assumed that both inner and outer spheres rotate with the same constant angular velocity (co-rotation). However, the spheres do not necessary co-rotate in the actual astronomical bodies, and it is a more natural situation that both the spheres rotate freely. Actually, recent seismological researches suggest that the inner core of the Earth rotates differentially against the mantle. In the present study, therefore, we construct a Boussinesq thermal convection model allowing triaxial rotation of both spheres due to the viscous torques of fluid. We compare the convection flow with those of the co-rotating system[1], and discuss characteristics of rotation of both spheres. First, we consider the case where the inner sphere rotates due to the torque while the angular velocity of the outer sphere is fixed. We seek for the finite-amplitude solutions which bifurcate supercritically at the critical point with the Newton method. The ratio of the radii of the inner and outer spheres and the Prandtl number are fixed to 0.4 and 1, respectively, while the Taylor number is varied from 52 2 to 500 2 . No-slip and fixed temperature boundary conditions are given on both spheres. The obtained solutions propagate in the azimuthal direction and have four-fold symmetry around the rotation axis. When the Taylor number is less than 100 2 , the inner sphere rotates in the prograde direction with respect to the outer sphere. However, when the Taylor number is between 200 2 and 300 2 , both spheres rotate with about same angular velocity, and when the Taylor number is larger than 400 2 , the inner sphere rotates in the retrograde direction. The stable region of TW4s differs from that of the co-rotating system at most by one percent, and the pattern of TW4s is qualitatively the same. Secondly, numerical time integrations are performed in the case where both spheres freely rotate due to the viscous torque of the fluid. The radius ratio, the Prandtl number and the Taylor number are set to be 0.4, 1 and 500 2 , respectively, with the Rayleigh number being 30,000 (= 4.7 R c ) and 50,000 (= 7.8 R c ) where R c is the critical Rayleigh number. No-slip and fixed temperature boundary conditions are applied on both spheres. The inertial moment of the inner sphere is set to be 0.22, assuming that the density of the inner sphere is the same as that of fluid, while the inertial moment of the outer sphere is assumed to be 100, which is similar to the value of the mantle of the Earth. When the Rayleigh number is 30,000, the convection pattern has the equatorial symmetry and only the axial components of the angular velocity of the inner and outer spheres have significant values, although the behavior of convection pattern appears to be chaotic. When the Rayleigh number is 50,000, however, the equatorially asymmetric convection pattern emerges and all the three components of the angular velocity of both the spheres have significant values. Finally, we examine the transition Rayleigh number where the equatorially asymmetric convection patterns emerge in the range of the Taylor number between 500 2 and 5000 2 . We find that the equatorially asymmetric convection patterns appear when the Rayleigh number is larger than 5R c - 6R c . A series of numerical simulations is carried out on the onset of thermal convection of Boussinesq fluid of an infinite Prandtl number in a planar layer in the presence of spatial variation of physical properties such as viscosity, thermal conductivity and expansivity. The viscosity of the fluid is exponentially dependent on temperature, while thermal conductivity and expansivity are linearly dependent on pressure (or depth). Based on the linear stability analysis, velocity and temperature distributions are solved for infinitesimal perturbations for given horizontal wave number. We seek for the condition for the onset of convection by changing the horizontal wave number of perturbation as well as the amplitudes of spatial variations in physical properties (viscosity, thermal conductivity and thermal expansivity). Then, we examine influences on both the critical conditions and the dominant flow patterns of spatial variations in those physical properties. From the changes in flow patterns with increasing the amplitudes of temperature dependence of viscosity, we successfully identified the transition into the "stagnant lid" (ST) regime, where the convection occurs only beneath a thick and stagnant lid of cold fluid at the top surface. We also found that the transition takes place regardless of the spatial variations in thermal conductivity and/or expansivity. However, detailed analysis of the numerical results showed a quantitative difference in the critical condition for the onset of ST convection due to the presence of spatial variations in thermal conductivity and expansivity. First, the horizontal wave number of perturbation is decreased by the introduction of spatial variations in these properties. In particular, the variation in thermal conductivity can significantly reduce the wave number: the horizontal length scale of convection can be enlarged by up to 50% when viscosity is strongly dependent on temperature. Another difference can be found in threshold values of temperature dependence of viscosity for the transition into the ST regime: the spatial variations in thermal conductivity slightly decrease the threshold viscosity contrast, while those in thermal expansivity increase them. These two differences can be successfully reproduced by our analytical estimates, which consider the thickness of stagnant lid and convective vigor beneath it. The results of present studies indicate that, under certain conditions, the convection of fluids with strongly temperature-dependent viscosity takes place which is characterized simultaneously by (i) large horizontal length scales of convective cells and (ii) thick stiff lid of highly viscous fluid above it. This is in a stark contrast with earlier numerical studies using constant thermal conductivity and expansivity where the convection beneath stagnant lids is always associated with cells with small horizontal length scales. Our findings therefore highlight the essential roles of the spatial variation of the thermal conductivity and thermal expansivity on the convection patterns in the mantle of terrestrial planets. On the Nikawa plain located in northeastern Toyama , it is begun to blow a sea breeze from the northwest. This has invaded from a sea direction. However, in the afternoon, the wind direction is changing to northeast. At Uozu, the sea breeze blow in parallel with the coastline. This research clarifies diurnal variation of a wind system and influence of the geographical feature to the sea breeze which invades in parallel with the coastline. The northwest wind serves as a wind direction which intersects perpendicularly with the coastline, and local circulation of the Nikawa plain scale has influenced. Circulation of the Toyama plain and the Hida high-ground scale has influenced the northeast-erly wind. A northeast sea breeze pass to the coastline, a contour line, and parallel. A northeast sea breeze has a tendency near the seashore where an altitude is low in big influence. Meso-beta-scale vortical disturbances (hereafter MBSDs) which are formed and develop over the Japan Sea in winter often cause a severe snowstorm in the coastal region of the Hokuriku District. A snowstorm caused by the passage of developed MBSDs brought about several power failures and traffic accidents in the Niigata prefecture on 13th January 2010. Previous studies revealed that the MBSD causing a severe snowstorm had a warm core structure, and suggested that the CISK and the WISHE instability mechanism were important in the development process of the MBSD (Araki et al., 2011, JpGU Meeting MIS021-02). In this study, in order to more quantitatively examine the development process of the MBSD and to investigate the effect of the lower boundary condition, we performed numerical simulations using the JMA-nonhydrostatic model (JMA-NHM) with a horizontal resolution of 2km (2km-NHM). The 2km-NHM well reproduced MBSDs that had features both spatially and temporally similar to those of the observed MBSDs. Firstly, results of sensitivity experiments without the condensational heating showed that the condensational heating directly contributed to the development process of the MBSD. In addition, results of sensitivity experiments without heat fluxes from the sea surface suggested that heat fluxes eventually had an effect to modify the environment of the vortex. In fact, in any experiment without the sensible heat flux, the environmental surface potential temperature was lower than that with the sensible heat flux and the lower atmosphere was stably stratified. In other words, heat fluxes are considered to indirectly contribute to the development of the MBSD with maintaining the unstable stratification of the environment. These are consistent with the results of Yanase et al. (2004) dealing with the Polar Low over the Japan Sea. Secondly, sensitivity experiments which changed the sea surface temperature (SST) of the Japan Sea were performed. Results of experiments with SST constant in time showed that heat fluxes from the sea surface was more enhanced in experiments with the higher SST resulting in MBSDs with deeper convection. Experiments with a north-south gradient in SST showed that the north-south distribution of SST affected the development of MBSD through the baroclinicity. In addition, MBSDs simulated in these experiments moved more southward than the others. This suggests that an anticyclone vortex formed by relatively cold air advection at the rear of the MB


An in-line hermetic seal for an optical fiber which has an outer diameter and a stripped mid-section contains the stripped mid-section. A tube has an interior with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the optical fiber and has an opening through a wall of the tube to the interior. The tube and the optical fiber having the stripped mid-section extending through the tube define an annular space therebetween. Soldering means fills the annular space. Sealing means holds the optical fiber approximately centered in ends of the tube. The stripped mid-section is contained by the tube, the sealing means and the soldering means.


Deng Xiaoping's thinking of labor law is an important component of thinking in his legal system.Although Deng is not a labor law expert,but his understanding of issues and views on labor law is quite profound and systematic.Deng Xiaoping's thinking of the labor law is mainly embodied in a series of his minds,such as theory of labor law,labor conditions,labor standards,the coordination of labor relations and the running of labor and social security.


This article provides an analysis of the possible contradiction with the Constitution of the regulations in the Bulgarian Election Code creating a "privilege" for the list leaders in municipal elections as well as for MPs, who are entitled to, according to art. 278 (5) and art. 437 (5), along with their own preferential vote, also to receive the party ballots without any preference in them. Thus, it is obvious that there is a privileged position of these list leaders (while the other candidates are being discriminated against), which puts the aforementioned regulations of the Election Code in contradiction with art. 6 (2) of the Bulgarian Constitution – prohibition of privileges or discrimination, art. 10 – common, equal, direct voting right and art. 4 (1) – rule of law.


A new species, Acanthosyris annona- gustata C. Ulloa & P. Jorgensen, from Napo, Ec- uador, is described and illustrated. This species is characterized by its golden brown puberulent inflo- rescence and fruit. The plant is used in local med- icine, and the fruits taste like Annona and are eaten by monkeys. In Ecuador, Acanthosyris is also rep- resented by A. glabrata (Stapf) Stauffer from the dry western forests, a tree that we are also reporting for the first time from Peru.


The paper describes the derivation of an easily computable functional inequality which represents an absolute vector bound on the linearisation-induced time response error for multivariable systems with measurement nonlinearity. The absolute bound depends on important linearised system descriptions and certain nonlinearity associated parameters and can be particularly useful in anticipating worst case linearised system performance degradation due to the nonlinearity. As such the absolute bound has a significant application in relation to the linearisation-based design of controllers for prescribed time domain system behaviour.


A single daily oral dose of polyethylene glycol (PEG) Ð a tannin-binding agent Ð has been shown to substantially improve feed intake and ef®ciency of utilization by sheep and goats consuming tannin-rich forage. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of supplementing 10 g/day of PEG on the performance of does grazing on Mediterranean woodland and scrubland. The experiments were carried out in production systems based on Mamber goats raised only for the production of slaughter kids (Experiment 1), dual-purpose Mamber goats raised for slaughter kids and milk (Experiment 2) or Damascus Anglo-Nubian goats raised mainly for milk (Experiment 3). In Mamber goats, PEG supplementation was associated with higher body weight (BW) gain during pregnancy (p<0.01), higher kid birth-weight (p<0.05) and daily BW gain until weaning (p<0.10 and p<0.05 in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively), and no difference in milk yield. In contrast, the response of Damascus Anglo-Nubian goats to PEG was a 43% increase in milk yield (p<0.001) but no response in kid weight at birth. These responses are consistent with previous ®ndings that show the resilience of Mamber goats to practices aimed at increasing their milk production while these goats respond well to practices that improve the probability of successful reproduction in harsh environments. In contrast, Damascus Anglo-Nubians respond to increased available nutrients by increasing their milk production. Supplementation with PEG has the potential to improve the pro®tability of systems in which liberally supplemented and high-yielding dairy goats feed on Mediterranean browse. However, its contribution to production systems exploiting well adapted but low-yielding local goats is limited. # 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.


The author of the article considered geographical features of grain farming development in Volgograd
region. The study identified the causes and factors determining grain specialization of agricultural production in
municipal administrative districts. The work includes described acreage of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all
categories; gross collection and the yield per unit of grain and leguminous crops in Volgograd region.


Introduction: The immediate installation of implants in molars is a challenge because the amount of bone remaining after the extraction is restricted. Objective: The objective of this case report is to show how odontosection followed by milling for the installation of the dental implant and subsequent removal of roots in molar teeth helps to preserve the interadicular septum. Case report: A patient with tooth 36 convicted of a fracture underwent a surgical procedure of extraction with odontosection and installation of an immediate implant in the region of the inter-radicular bone septum followed by guided bone regeneration with synthetic biomaterial, bovine membrane and provisional prosthetic rehabilitation. After a period of osseointegration, the definitive prosthesis was installed. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the odontosection technique followed by milling for installation of the dental implant and subsequent removal of roots in molar teeth helps to preserve the inter-radicular bone septum and favors the installation of the dental implant in a more centralized position and this technique is associated with guided bone regeneration minimizes the remodeling of the alveolar bone crest.


The term evidence based medicine(EMB) refers to an explicit,and judicious use of current best evidence. Traumatic shock treatment has a histroy of morn than 100 years,but some of which still remained argued. The author reviewed the new advance about EMB in treatment of traumatic shock.


To explore the possibility of obtaining the metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) bearing the 2‐bromo‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate ligand, one new Mn(II) and one Co(II) coordination polymers, [Mn(HL)2(bipy)2·2H2O]·bipy (1) and [Co(L)(bpe)] (2) (bipy=4,4′‐bipyridine; bpe=1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethene) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1 exhibits one‐dimensional coordination chains, which are further connected to form two dimensional supramolecular networks through hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 2 presents a two‐fold interpenetrating two‐dimensional layer structure. The 2‐bromo‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate anion exhibits different coordination modes in the two complexes. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Abstract
Sopore, Kashmir is known for its natural beauty, but the historical significance of its cultural heritage is often overlooked. Meeraz Mahal is considered a significant cultural heritage site and is an important tourist attraction in Sopore. This paper examines the hidden gem of Sopore, Meeraz Mahal, and its importance in the cultural history of the region. Through a combination of archival research and fieldwork, this study delves into the architectural features and artistic elements of the palace. Furthermore, it explores the social and political context in which Meeraz Mahal was built and how it has been preserved over time. This paper also highlighting the need for the preservation and restoration of historical sites like Meeraz Mahal and its contribution in promotion of tourism and cultural heritage in the region. The building has been featured in several documentaries and films.


(with one exception). TheNotIl restriction patterns of45 clinical leptospiralisolates belonging to serovaricterohaemorrhagiae wereanalyzedandcomparedwiththoseoftypestrains. Nodifferences were observed between isolates from countries of different continents, namely, France, FrenchGuiana, NewCaledonia, and Tahiti. The pattern was


One‐bit quantization is a method of representing bandlimited signals by ±1 sequences that are computed from regularly spaced samples of these signals; as the sampling density λ → ∞, convolving these one‐bit sequences with appropriately chosen filters produces increasingly close approximations of the original signals. This method is widely used for analog‐to‐digital and digital‐to‐analog conversion, because it is less expensive and simpler to implement than the more familiar critical sampling followed by fine‐resolution quantization. However, unlike fine‐resolution quantization, the accuracy of one‐bit quantization is not well‐understood. A natural error lower bound that decreases like 2−λ can easily be given using information theoretic arguments. Yet, no one‐bit quantization algorithm was known with an error decay estimate even close to exponential decay. In this paper, we construct an infinite family of one‐bit sigma‐delta quantization schemes that achieves this goal. In particular, using this family, we prove that the error signal for π‐bandlimited signals is at most O(2−.07λ). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The paper undertakes a policy analysis of the remedy of specific performance. It compares the approach of the Draft Common Frame of Reference with the domestic legal systems of selected common law and civil law countries of the European Union with respect to specific performance. The paper then turns to two dilemmas facing any policy judgment about the availability of the specific performance showing no insurmountable policy argument against the remedy. Afterwards, the remedy of specific performance is placed within the framework of legal certainty. In concluding the paper, a case is be made for the general availability of specific performance as fostering legal certainty within the European legal space.


Since the foundation of New China,the land institutions have undergone four major transitions,which have dramatically affected development of the national agriculture and even the national economy.It is theoretically and practically significant,for solving "agriculture,rural area and farmer" issues and furthering the Chinese new socialist rural construction,that retrospecting the transitional course and looking ahead for the transformational trend in rural land institutions.


INTRODUCTION — There are a variety of different lipid disorders that can occur as either a primary event or secondary to some underlying disease [1]. (See "Secondary causes of dyslipidemia".) The primary dyslipidemias are associated with overproduction and/or impaired removal of lipoproteins (table 1). The latter defect can be induced by an abnormality in either the lipoprotein itself or in the lipoprotein receptor.


Abstract Orthodox economics understands productive activity, which obtains income by benefiting others, but does not have an adequate conception of activity which obtains income by harming others. There is a broad and important range of activities which obtain income by harming others. This article considers the analysis of some of these including conflict theory, rent-seeking, corruption, harm of workers, consumers, and nature, economic historians' consideration of extractive political and economic institutions, and the varieties of discrimination. The omission of harm is evident in undergraduate textbooks in microeconomics and public economics. The fundamental political economic system of past and present, a productive plus harmful one, is not being taught to economics students.


Abstract : The article is divided into four parts: (1) The universal equation of the laminar boundary layer; (2) One-parameter solution; (3) Representation of the solution in the form of a series in powers of formparameters; (4) An example of calculating a boundary layer. Conclusion. A new method for solving the problems in the theory of the laminar boundary layer is presented. The fundamental equations of a two-dimensional isothermal laminar boundary layer are reduced to a 'universal' partial differential equation in terms of a reduced stream function containing certain boundary-layer parameters (called 'formparameters'), which express the influence of the velocity profile at the outer interface of the boundary layer on its characteristics. The numerical integration of the universal equation is carried out once and for all and is followed by a tabulation of the stream function, the skin-friction factor, and other characteristic quantities. These tables can be used to determine the required parameters for any other particular boundary-layer problem (after deriving a universal equation for it) by relatively simple calculations which do not require the use of electronic computers. (Author)


The City of Mount Gambier upgraded its boiler after analysis showed that biomass was still the optimal energy option, writes Paula Wallace.


23
 Na and 27Al MAS and DOR NMR spectra are reported for the mullite-type crystalline compound NaAl9O14 and its amorphous precursor using a range of applied magnetic fields (8.45–16.9 T). The crystalline compound is shown by 27Al NMR to contain aluminium in one octahedral and two tetrahedral sites, a distribution consistent with expectations based on a recent Rietveld structure determination. By contrast, two approximately equally populated non-identical Na sites can be distinguished by 23Na NMR. Spectral simulation indicates these sites to be of slightly different distortion but of similar isotropic chemical shift. This result is not consistent with the average Pbam structure deduced from Rietveld X-ray analysis, in which the two possible Na sites are symmetrically equivalent. These measurements illustrate the ability of NMR techniques to distinguish small variations in atomic
 environment which are not resolved in the averaged X-ray structure.


In order to react to the development of "air-sea battle"and global positioning system(GPS) precision guided weapons and enhance anti-intervened combat capabilities,a combat mode that utilizes stratospheric airships as the jammer carrier and jams GPS receivers is put forward.According to the quantitative measurement of the lethality of cruise missiles,the requirement of the effective interference distance is put forward;a mathematical model about the relationship between the jammer height,transmitted power and the effective interference distance is derived.The capacity of the jammer is simulated and analyzed.The disposition problem of jammers carried by stratospheric airship is transformed into the filling problem of irregular regions by means of the actual disposition example of jammers.The feasibility of the method is tested and verified.


Lead titanate nanocrystal was synthesized using solgel and hydrothermal method with lead acetate and tetrabutyl titanate as precursors and methoxyethanol as solvent. Process control and its effects on properties of product were checked by techniques of XRD, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, ICP and surface area measurement. The results showed that the method of solgel direct hydrolysis, no acid added as catalyst, results in amorphous powder, even calcined at 400℃. While the solgel hydrothermal method, without acid addition but the gel was hydrothermally treated at 180℃, gives uniform nanocrystal of perovskite lead titanate with average size of ~20nm after calcination at 400℃. Nanocrystal PbTiO3 with average size of ~50nm can be obtained by solgel acidic hydrothermal process and calcination at 300℃, but the resultant displayed much more wider size distribution.


This paper introduces the 3D CAD system research and development of cutting die based on Pro/TOOLKIT. As a result of adopting object-oriented programming techniques and parameterization technologies to program drawing programs, the CAD system is able to automatically finish a series of works during designs of the stripping mechanism for die-mould if only users finish inputting or selecting parametric data according to the user interface's prompts. Thus, it can help the users save much hours, improve the design efficiency and maximize the computer's application in the mould design.


Boko Haram insecurity complex which is pervasive and palpable is the most recent of the bones in Nigeria's throat
as a nation. Rumour and speculation of Boko Haram bomb scare have heightened the level of insecurity and impacts
negatively on the socio-economic and political equilibrium of our beloved nation. This paper tries to unravel why
the sudden Boko Haram religious conflicts take a political dimension in northern Nigeria. Methodologically, it
relies on both primary and secondary sources of data. It argues that a combination of politico-economic
competition, illiteracy, poverty and the obnoxious police extra-judicial killings are the core drivers of this sudden
change. It concludes with a range of recommendations on how Nigeria could mitigate the security threat posed by
Boko Haram.


INTRODUCTION COVID-19 has placed excess stress on the antenatal health care system and added additional complexity to expecting mothers. This study aimed to study the attitude and precautionary practices of non-infected pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out interviewing all 195 pregnant women attending an antenatal care outpatient department in Nepal, between 15 March and 16 April 2021, using a pretested questionnaire. Precautionary practices were defined as the practice of social distancing, wearing masks, and sanitizing or washing hands, by the mothers during the antenatal period with a 5-point Likert scale for each item Precautionary practices were categorized into good (≥ median score) and poor(< median score). RESULTS The majority of the women who participated in this study were from aged 20–29 years (71.7%), were Brahmin (48.2%) and 84.6% Hindu. Since 46.2% of women assumed the close contact of mother to child as safe practice with specific precautions, only 17.9% were willing to isolate themselves if infected by COVID-19. Overall, 35.9% of the respondents were only willing to breastfeed their newborn, even with specific precaution if infected. Nearly half of the respondents (47.2%) had poor precautionary practice during the COVID-19 pandemic and the level of precautionary practices was found significantly associated with age and occupational status. CONCLUSIONS Most of the respondents were concerned about the threats of mother to child transmission but found to have poor precautionary practices towards COVID-19. Thus, adequate counselling regarding COVID related issues during an antenatal checkup is required to be provided by health workers to break their perceived stigma for better maternal and neonatal outcomes © 2022 Thapa T. et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)


Permanent magnet (PM) brushless machines equipped with fractional-slot concentrated-windings (FSCW) have been receiving considerable attention over the past few years, due to the fact that they have short end-windings, a high slot fill factor, a high efficiency and power density, and good flux- weakening and fault-tolerance capabilities. A key design parameter for such machines is the phase winding inductance since this has a significant impact on the performance, as well as on the magnitude of any reluctance torque. The paper describes a detailed investigation of the various components of the winding inductance in machines equipped with both overlapping and non- overlapping windings and different slot/pole number combinations. It also examines the influence of key design parameters, which affect the inductance components, with particular reference to the inductances of machines in which all the teeth are wound and those in which only alternate teeth are wound. It is shown that the main component of the winding inductance is the relatively large slot leakage component. Both analytical and finite element models are employed and predicted results are validated on several prototype machines.


International investment liberalization has consequentially become a trend as a result of the intrinsic factor of economic globalization,and it has an unbalanced structure against the developing countries because it is advocated and led by the developed ones.The conclusion that there is constantly an ambivalent and alternant relationship——excluding-attracting among capital shall be drawn from the analysis of the immanent logic——both politics and economics in the course of international investment liberalization.Therefore,international investment law has no choice but to balance the relationship,to find 'the optimization decision' and keep it in order.When observing the case of South Korea,such logic argument may be demonstrated by the pros and cons.Based on the theory and the successful experiences of South Korea,China as a developing country,should timely and moderately make an adjustment of the investment policy in order to actively and harmoniously enter into the tide of international investment liberalization and accelerate internal economic development.


The problem of the oxy-fuel combustion flue gas condensation is the condensation of vapor in the presence of high concentration non-condensable gas. The vapor condensing at dew point temperature releases heat and diffuses on to the surface of the pipe through a non-condensable gas film. Thus it is treated as combined heat and mass transfer problem governed by mass, momentum and energy balance equations for the vaporgas mixture and diffusion equation for the vapor species. The flow of the falling condensate film is governed by the momentum and energy balance equations. The temperature at the gas-to-liquid interface, at which the condensation takes place, is estimated with the help of the heat balance and mass balance equations at the interface. The local values of the condensation Nusselt number, condensate Reynolds number, gasliquid interface temperature and pressure drop are estimated from the numerical results for different values of the system parameters at inlet, such as vapor component, temperature of vaporgas mixture, gas phase Reynolds number and total pressure. The thermodynamic calculations were made and analyzed using numerical calculation method under different conditions.


The invention discloses a method for producing strong flavor type dark rum by using pure sugar cane juice. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing sugar cane juice and then clarifying; boiling and concentrating the sugar cane juice at a high temperature; adding a nitrogen source nutrient and trehalose, adjusting acidity and fermenting; distilling fermented sugar cane wine; storing the sugar cane distilled wine with an oak barrel; and finally, performing blending, stable treatment and electric field ripening of the dark rum. The method has a simple process; the strong flavor type dark rum with sugar cane faint scent, rich oak scent, wine scent and mellow and full mouthfeel of the ripe dark rum is prepared by taking the sugar cane planted in China as a raw material through combination of the conventional and modern concentration and distillation technologies and advanced physical electric field ripening technology; and a new idea is provided for good development of the sugar cane industry and deep processing of the sugar cane.


BACKGROUND: Efficient collection of progenitor cells is essential for PBPC transplantation. Two apheresis machines (Amicus, Baxter Healthcare; and Spectra, Gambro BCT, software version 4.7) were compared prospectively by a crossover trial.


The Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food‐EPI) aims to assess the extent of implementation of recommended food environment policies by governments compared with international best practices and prioritize actions to fill implementation gaps. The Food‐EPI was applied in 11 countries across six regions (2015‐2018). National public health nutrition panels (n = 11‐101 experts) rated the extent of implementation of 47 policy and infrastructure support good practice indicators by their government(s) against best practices, using an evidence document verified by government officials. Experts identified and prioritized actions to address implementation gaps. The proportion of indicators at "very low if any," "low," "medium," and "high" implementation, overall Food‐EPI scores, and priority action areas were compared across countries. Inter‐rater reliability was good (GwetAC2 = 0.6‐0.8). Chile had the highest proportion of policies (13%) rated at "high" implementation, while Guatemala had the highest proportion of policies (83%) rated at "very low if any" implementation. The overall Food‐EPI score was "medium" for Australia, England, Chile, and Singapore, while "very low if any" for Guatemala. Policy areas most frequently prioritized included taxes on unhealthy foods, restricting unhealthy food promotion and front‐of‐pack labelling. The Food‐EPI was found to be a robust tool and process to benchmark governments' progress to create healthy food environments.


Treatments for COVID-19 infection have varied widely within the past year. Remdesivir is the only direct-acting antiviral approved by the Food and Drug Administration with demonstrated efficacy in the management of patients with COVID-19. [1] Commonly reported adverse effects include hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea. Less common adverse effects include respiratory toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity and nephrotoxicity. [2] We report a case of international normalized ratio (INR) prolongation in a COVID-19 patient receiving concomitant warfarin and remdesivir therapy.


Let G be a finite group and Z[G] its integral group ring. We prove that the twisted nil groups NK i (Z[G]) vanish for all i ≤ 1 for G a finite group of square free order of certain type.


The effects of ionizing radiation (gamma) on the operation of two‐phase stepped‐oxide surface‐channel charge‐coupled devices (CCD's) were studied. For total doses up to 105 rad (Si), the primary cause of changes in CCD operation is a negative shift in the flat‐band voltage, with the flat‐band voltage shift for the polysilicon electrodes being greater than that for the aluminum electrodes. For fixed applied voltages, the flat‐band voltage shifts cause (i) an increase in transfer inefficiency due to the cutoff of fat zero, and (ii) a decrease in the full‐well capacity due to the modified surface potential profile. Up to 105 rad, the preirradiation transfer inefficiency could be recovered by changing the input‐gate voltage to compensate for the flat‐band voltage shift. Up to 105 rad, no significant effects due to radiation‐induced interface states were observed; however, at 3 × 105 rad, increases in transfer inefficiency and dark current attributed to radiation‐induced interface states were observed.


3D shape retrieval is an important researching field due to its wide applications in computer vision and multimedia fields. With the development of deep learning technology, great progress has been made in recent years and lots of methods have achieved promising 3D shape retrieval results. Due to the effective description of point cloud data on structural information for 3D shapes, lots of methods based on point cloud data format are proposed for better shape representation. However, most of them focus on extracting a global descrisptor from the whole 3D shape while the local features and detailed structural information are ignored, which negatively affect the effectiveness of shape descriptors. In addition, these methods also ignore the correlations among different parts of point clouds, which may introduce redundant information to the final shape descriptors. In order to address these issues, we propose a Multi-part attention network (MPAN) for 3D model retrieval based on point cloud. Firstly, we segment a 3D shape into multiple parts by employing a pre-trained PointNet++ segmentation model. After extracting the local features from them, we introduce a novel self-attention mechanism to explore the correlations between different parts. Meanwhile, by considering the structural relevance of them, the redundancy for representing 3D shapes is removed while the effective information is utilized. Finally, informative and discriminative shape descriptors, considering both local features and spatial correlations, are generated for 3D shape retrieval task. To validate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct several experiments on the public 3D shape benchmark, ShapeNetPart dataset. Experimental results and comparisons with state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method.


Abstract Health facilities are important contact points for victims of violence against women and girls (VAWG) in need of care. In Albania relevant data about health sector utilization remain scarce. This is a first attempt aiming to quantify missed opportunities for survivors of VAWG at the health system. We used a sample of 151 victims of VAWG, residents of Tirana Capital, retrieved from the dataset of Counseling Line for Women and Girls, a non-governmental agency. All cases were victims of physical violence during 2018-2022. For each case in the sample, health records for the same period were traced in Tirana hospitals and primary health care (PHC) facilities medical registries. Hospital records were traced for all 151 cases, while PHC records were completed only for the cases with a national ID. No case of VAWG was formally registered or reported by health services in Tirana in the 5 years prior to survey. Nonetheless, 51.5% of survivors had used PHC services and 20.4% had used hospital services during the same period. 8.6% had been at the emergency service of Trauma Hospital with acute symptoms of physical body harm and 12.5% had received obstetric-gynecologic care. The average number of visits at PHC for the women using the services was 3.3, ranging from 1 to 15 visits during 5 years. The most common reasons for the visits at PHC were chronic conditions (28.7%), followed by infection diseases (22.%) and mental illness (16.5%). Health sector opportunities to provide specific treatment and support to victims of VAWG are missed at multiple levels in Albania. While piloting integrated health and social care at selected PHC facilities in the country provide a good momentum for responding to some of the unmet needs, a more comprehensive agenda for the health sector should address physician's failure to identify and deal with VAWG as a health problem. Key messages • Health sector opportunities to provide specific treatment and support to victims of violence against women and girls are missed at multiple levels in Albania. • Interventions in the health sector should address physician's failure to identify and deal with violence against women and girls as a health problem.


Depression is a chronic, recurring and potentially life-threatening illness. Depression is a syndrome notable for heterogeneity of its clinical presentation, treatment responsiveness, neurobiology, and genetics. The highly variable compilation of symptoms that is used to defme depression, and the hi...


In the present paper, we find out the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the modified Frankl problem with a nonlocal parity condition, the completeness and the basis property in the elliptic part of the third kind of a domain in L2(0, π/2). We also consider a new boundaries condition and analyze the orthogonal basis of the eigenfunctions depending on parameters of the problem.


With voices and candles, 33 women and 2 men spoke out this past Tuesday night against rape and sexual assault. The Take Back the Night rally, sponsored by Women Will, was held at 8 o'clock in the Aquinas Chapel. The coordinator of the rally, Kathy Saad '97, said the point of the event is to "empower women and men, raising their aware ness of sexual as sault and rape." Five speakers told the crowd about their experi ences and gave information on sexual assault in general. Last names were not used because the rally was considered a "safe" en vironment. The first speaker was a young man who listed things men could do rid themselves of sexism. He suggested things such as boycotting comedians and media that made sexist jokes. Shortly after, Dr. Anne Coleman of the PC counseling center spoke. She set a positive tone for the evening, saying that she viewed survivors of sexual assault "with hope and strength." Appropriately enough, one brave young woman got up and told the crowd about her personal experience. With a strong and steady voice, she showed the


A 6 Months old holstein female dairy calf was referred to the clinic of veterinary medicine, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad in the spring of 2011. The owner's chief complaint was anorexia and growth retardation. Clinical examination revealed depression, tachycardia, tachypenia, atonic rumen, weakness, recumbency, increase breath sounds with harshness, cardiac murmur (Left side of the chest, base of heart with mild to moderate intensity), jugular vein distention, submandibular and brisket edema. Haemogram profiles showed an acute infection with degenerative immune system response. Radiological findings were consisted of increased radiopacity and alveolar pattern (air bronchogram) in cranioventral lung lobes. Thoracic and abdominal ultrasonography was performed. Anechoic free fluids in pleural and abdominal cavity were observed which indicated pleural and peritoneal effusion, respectively. According to these findings and a survey on serum biochemical profile, with measuring the concentration of serum troponin I and rule out other causes of edema and ascites, the cor Pulmonale associated with bronchopneumonia was diagnosed. The sick animal was treated by parenteral antibiotic, diuretic and supportive drugs. About 2 weeks after the treatment, clinical examination, radiological and ultrasonographical observations and haemogram profiles indicated complete recovery. Three months after the initial presentation, the calf was visited again and the only problem was growth retardation that may be due to bronchopneumonia outcome.


ABSTRACT Three different types of pods (N- normal with spines, LS- less spines and WS-without spines) were harvested from Medicago truncatula cv. R 108 1 plants grown in greenhouse. The pods with changed shape LS and WS were developed at the end of period of plant maturity at the upper part of plants. In vitro plants originated from seeds from three types of pods were obtained. Callus tissue produced from leaves and petioles of plants from type N, LS and WS showed different embryogenic potential. Callus tissue of type N formed embryos from both -leaves and petioles, while the callus from type WS was able to form embryos only from petioles. Regardless of the initial explants callus from LS plants did not show any embryogenic ability. In contrast to the regenerants from N type capable to form normal root system, those from WS type possess poor developed root system.


Abstract The purpose of a diagnostic efficacy study is to evaluate and compare the sensitivities and specificities of several diagnostic tests. Usually the diagnostic tests are correlated conditional on disease status, and the reference test is subject to error. In the Chlamydia trachomatis study, five screening tests for detecting chlamydia in endocervical specimens were compared. The five tests are correlated, and the reference test (the cell culture test) has less than 100% sensitivity. The conventional method ignores both the correlations between the tests and the misclassification of the reference test and thus cannot provide a valid analysis. We propose a model to evaluate and compare the sensitivities and specificities of correlated diagnostic tests when there is either an imperfect reference test or even no reference test. The model also can estimate the effects of covariates. It is a generalized linear mixed model with two unobserved variables, one continuous and one dichotomous. We use a hybrid ...


Based on the analysis of lithostratigraphic gas reservoirs exploration course in China from initially discovery to development,lithostratigraphic gas reservoirs are considered to take a significant contribution to the reserves increase.According to the study on the distribution characteristics,the lithostratigraphic gas reservoirs in China mainly distribute in large palaeohigh and slope in craton basin and special lithosome in fault depression,which will be the main fields for searching for large lithostratigraphic gas reservoirs


A doxorubicin-nonproducing mutant, Nu23 was selected from the mutagenesis of Streptomyces peucetius ATCC27952. Chemical and molecular biological analysis suggested that the mutant was blocked at the step between polyketide synthase and aklaviketon reductase in the biosynthesis of doxorubicin. Furthermore, the bioconversion experiment with the mutant revealed that 13-dihydrodaunorubicin is likely to be a biosynthetic intermediate.


Despite their success, Machine Learning (ML) models do not generalize effectively to data not originating from the training distribution. To reliably employ ML models in real-world healthcare systems and avoid inaccurate predictions on out-of-distribution (OOD) data, it is crucial to detect OOD samples. Numerous OOD detection approaches have been suggested in other fields - especially in computer vision - but it remains unclear whether the challenge is resolved when dealing with medical tabular data. To answer this pressing need, we propose an extensive reproducible benchmark to compare different methods across a suite of tests including both near and far OODs. Our benchmark leverages the latest versions of eICU and MIMIC-IV, two public datasets encompassing tens of thousands of ICU patients in several hospitals. We consider a wide array of density-based methods and SOTA post-hoc detectors across diverse predictive architectures, including MLP, ResNet, and Transformer. Our findings show that i) the problem appears to be solved for far-OODs, but remains open for near-OODs; ii) post-hoc methods alone perform poorly, but improve substantially when coupled with distance-based mechanisms; iii) the transformer architecture is far less overconfident compared to MLP and ResNet.


This study investigated the differences between Iranian EFL learners' use of English and Persian refusals. It also examined the influence of social status and gender on the provided responses. The participants of this study were 60 graduate Iranian students mastering in English. They were divided equally into males and females. The study was done in two phases with an interval time of two months. The same participants participated in both phases. Once they sat for the English version of the test and once for the Persian one. The DCT's provided data were analyzed to show the average frequencies of direct and indirect strategy use, the types of employed strategies, and the effects of participants' social status and gender on the responses. The results showed that participants used more indirect strategies in the Persian in comparison to the English. No significant difference was observed between males and females refusal strategies. As for social status, the finding showed that the Persian group used more indirect strategy when talking to someone of a higher class.


The verification of the functionality of the Philosophy classification schema adopted at the Library of the Scuola Normale Superiore needs to take into account the context: the Library is both a special and a multidisciplinary library; its collections reflect the history of the SNS. The philosophy collection has a specialized and selective nature, as do others within the same Library; the Library is open shelves, and classification is used as a shelving and location device. Bearing in mind the above conditions, the second part of this paper examines the strengths and weaknesses of the schema in order to highlight its suitability to match a coherent classification of documents with the effective fruition by the users. * English version of the talk given at the conference Classifying the Human Sciences. The case of Philosophy (Padua, February 2, 2007). Translated by Cristiana Bettella.


Reading should become a habit and should be sustained throughout life. And this should also become among the basic goals in all level of education. Therefore reading is the main focus of the English program in Indonesian high schools. However, students? reading interest and achievement in Indonesian are still considered low. This article is trying to look at socio-cultural factor that contribute to the development of reading habit and achievement in Indonesia context. In doing so, the researcher tries to conduct meta-analysis on researches of the teaching reading in Indonesia. The research findings have demonstrated that the teaching techniques of reading utilized by the researchers brought positive impact on students? reading habits and achievement. However, the reading habits level and achievement at school cannot be considered satisfactorily especially compared to other South East Asian countries. The sociocultural factors are likely to contribute the undeveloped level of reading habit and achievement in Indonesia.


The text aims to define accurately the concept of interest in Schopenhauer's aesthetics, in order to determine the role that it therein plays. The negation of interest, regarded as fundamental in Schopenhauer's aesthetics, leads to an interpretation that is opposite to Kant's aesthetics. Uninterest in Kant would be related not to the negative state of sensitive but to a mere indifference towards the existence of the object with the purpose of building art's own scope where pure aesthetic pleasure lies. An attempt is made to show that uninterest in Schopenhauer's art philosophy reveals, rather than a nihilistic behavior, another kind of "knowledge", diverse from rational. As well as in Kant this makes possible to define art specificity and aesthetic feeling.


This letter proposes a predictor-corrector method to strike a balance between simulation accuracy and efficiency, by appropriately tuning the numerical integration step length of a power system time-domain simulation. Numerical tests indicate that by estimating the truncation error for step length tuning based on the two-step Adams–Moulton method and the implicit Trapezoidal method, the proposed method can provide much more precise results at little cost of efficiency compared to a conventional variable step method based on Newton's method.


It is a habit I have, and I cannot even recall exactly when it started. But I realized it recently when I walked into a Romanian Orthodox Church in Bucharest. I immediately thought of John Young and rapidly formulated a number of matters I would have liked to discuss with him right then about what I


Grades are commonly used in formative workplace‐based assessment (WBA) in medical education and training, but may draw attention away from feedback about the task. A dilemma arises because the self‐regulatory focus of a trainee must include self‐awareness relative to agreed standards, which implies grading.


The implementation of village fund management even though there are rules as references in its financial management does not mean that it does not encounter various obstacles. The main obstacle faced by village officials is the competency problem of inadequate apparatus, and the lack of training and mentoring obtained to improve their competence. Some efforts are needed for empowerment which in the discourse of community development are linked to the concepts of self-reliance, participation, networking and social justice.This empowerment effort is carried out in the form of training activities provided to the village apparatus (nagari) village financial management processes, especially in preparing the budget. This training activity will be carried out through several stages. The activities carried out are: initial observation to find out the problems and needs of partners, and training of village apparatus related to village budgeting. After the material was given, participants were then given training on village budget formulation and village RKP preparation training. Based on the results of the exercise, it is known that most of the trainees were able to understand the procedures for drafting Village Budget and have been able to compile Village Budget well. Besides that in the preparation of the Village RKP, most of the training participants were also able to complete the training well.


The aim of the present study was to propose a comprehensive method for PET scanners image quality assessment, by the simulation of a thin layer chromatography (TLC) flood source with a previous validated Monte-Carlo (MC) model. The model was developed by using the GATE MC package and reconstructed images were obtained using the STIR software, with cluster computing. The PET scanner simulated was the GE Discovery-ST. The TLC source was immersed in 18F-FDG bath solution (1MBq) in order to assess image quality. The influence of different scintillating crystals on PET scanner's image quality, in terms of the MTF, the NNPS and the DQE, was investigated. Images were reconstructed by the commonly used FBP2D, FPB3DRP and the OSMAPOSL (15 subsets, 3 iterations) reprojection algorithms. The PET scanner configuration, incorporating LuAP crystals, provided the optimum MTF values in both 2D and 3DFBP whereas the corresponding configuration with BGO crystals was found with the higher MTF values after OSMAPOSL. The scanner incorporating BGO crystals were also found with the lowest noise levels and the highest DQE values after all image reconstruction algorithms. The plane source can be also useful for the experimental image quality assessment of PET and SPECT scanners in clinical practice.


Promoting the humanistic care and psychological counseling activities during the political and ideological work, will improve people s life realm,temperament and interest and taste,cultivate the positive,generous and tolerant spirits,and promote people's quality,spiritual liberation and the overall development.These activities are meant to effectively adjust people's emotions and psychology and foster harmonious environment that everyone is contributing to.


In Sweden, children's health and development are promoted through Primary Child Health Care (PCHC) visits. The children participate in these visits from their own perspective through bodily and ver ...


Research on guidance and counseling in education is a very important research to do and discussed in the world of education. This is because the existence of guidance and counseling in education is a logical consequence of the nature of education itself. The theory of counseling guidance departs from the view of human nature, and is developed from the framework of thinking about the development of personality and changes in human behavior that can be understood from various models of theory. The counseling process of counseling in education is a developmental encounter in which will confront the counselor (teacher) to the individual values of the students and the possible influence of counselors on the development of individual values. The essence of counseling guidance lies in individualizing or in other words independence is the purpose of counseling. Healthy independence is manifested in the awareness of the state of being with others. It is then formed through individual interaction with the environment, and counseling guidance is responsible for developing a self-sustaining developmental environment. Therefore, in this paper will be discussed about the theories of counseling guidance in education, due to the many theories about counseling guidance, the author only take three major theories of counseling guidance is, the theory of psychoanalysis, client-centered theory, and behavioristic theory.


Dr Lim et al. [1] report their experience with the arterial switch operation (ASO). Between 1987 and 2011, 258 patients underwent ASO; the late results were evaluated in 220 operative survivors after a mean follow-up of 8.5 years. The results can be looked at in two different ways. On the one hand, the outcome is satisfactory. Late mortality was low, achieving a 97% probability of survival at 20 years (excluding operative mortality). Freedom from reoperation was 82% at 20 years; the main indications for reoperation were pulmonary stenosis (10 patients), aortic regurgitation (four patients) and coronary artery lesions (three patients). At the last follow-up, 96% of patients were free of symptoms. On the other hand, several concerns arise. The early mortality rate was not negligible (14.7%); the actual late survival was, therefore, far from optimal. Coronary lesions were detected in five patients, but only 95 (43%) patients actually underwent coronary evaluation. At 20 years, the freedom from more than moderate aortic regurgitation was 71% and the freedom from significant pulmonary stenosis was 35%. The incidence of both aortic regurgitation and pulmonary stenosis increased linearly with the length of the follow-up. These results raise two further comments:


Reliability and longevity of "valve-regulated Pb-acid" (VRLA) batteries in noncontrolled environments is one of the foremost problems in telecommunications today. With the increasing trend for network decentralization and deployment of electronics outside and with the thrust to reduce maintenance and support staff, the need to prolong life and increase reliability of VRLA batteries while reducing maintenance costs has become an area of focus. This paper presents an "expert-based" battery management system designed to monitor and prolong the life of batteries, particularly of VRLAs in outside plant cabinets. The architecture of the system and the general operation of the battery performance algorithms are described. The paper also presents the results of extensive testing done by Stenter on VRLA batteries using the mid-point monitoring technique. This technique is the cornerstone of the battery failure detection algorithm used by the system.<<ETX>>


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The present invention relates to a laundry dryer, to a greater detail, the drying installation structure of the humidity sensor that can detect whether or not to measure the humidity of the wet steam drying finished passing through the drum. A humidity sensor mounting structure of a clothes dryer according to the present invention, the base is an air passage formed in the lower; It is seated on an upper surface of the lower base which covers the air passage upper base; A humidity sensor mounting part formed at one side of the upper surface of the upper base; The humidity of the humidity sensor which is mounted on the sensor mounting part; are included. By the humidity sensor mounting structure of a clothes dryer according to the present invention, there is an effect such that, while passing through accurately measure the humidity of the air is changed into high temperature and humidity conditions as the drying process is quickly shut down the dryer drums. Humidity sensors, connectors, the base


The purpose of this experiment is to utilize natural resources as the candidate of low cost and mass production of silica and to understand the effect of KOH concentration as solvent to the phase structure of silica. The silica was prepared by sol-gel method with rice husk ashes as the raw material from natural resources. The sample was further characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer.  The grain size of samples was 490,35 nm, 700,88 nm and 490,44 nm for solvent variation of 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. Those three samples contain silica (SiO2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) obtained from XRD data. ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved


To measure the number of active bubble-producing sites in a boiling liquid, a method of simultaneous electroplating during boiling was developed which successfully permitted counts of active sites as dense as 1130/sq. in. at 317,000 Bta/hr. per sq. ft. A random geometrical distribution of active sites was revealed by a photographic study of a nickel-plated heated surface. (auth)


A fusion protein encoded by the KIF5B/RET fusion gene. This protein is comprised of the motor domain and various portions the coiled-coil domain of the kinesin-1 heavy chain protein, fused with the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret protein, including the tyrosine kinase domain.


ABSTRACT Against a background of Bologna process goals to improve employment prospects for PhD graduates, and the crisis of precarious employment conditions and prospects afflicting postdoctoral researchers – hitherto postdocs, the OECD ([2021], "Reducing the Precarity of Academic Research Careers." In OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers. Paris: OECD Publishing,) called for research into postdoctoral careers and the precarity phenomenon. This paper responds by giving attention to career breaks as these represent a prevalent but under researched aspect of postdoc precarity in the contemporary academic labor market. Utilizing a substantial international mixed-method dataset with a sample of 950 postdocs, the study examined experiences and perceptions of the professional and personal implications of academic career breaks. Results reveal significant differences between males and females in key areas: maternity was the main reason for females' career breaks, and redundancy/end of contract for males. Females resumed employment more with the same employer and males with a different employer. Support surrounding career breaks was mixed, largely inadequate, but not associated with gender. Perceptions of career breaks differed significantly across groups of postdocs that previously experienced a career break, those on a career break, and postdocs that had never had a career break. The latter two groups perceived negative career outcomes and positive personal outcomes more than postdocs who had previously had a career break, however, significant gender differences indicate females were more negative about the personal implications of career breaks. Discussion of the findings concludes that under neoliberalism postdocs represent a growing lumpen proletariat, leading to recommendations for policy, practice and further research into gender, precarity and postdoctoral careers.


the European Journal of Immunology (EJI). In the name of the Executive Committee, I extend my best wishes to all those involved with the Journal (the Editorial Board, reviewers, readers and contributing authors) for a successful and fruitful 2007, complete with great discoveries and triumphs in your immunological research leading us to a better understanding of the immune system and the development of novel and improved immunebased therapies. EJI was founded in 1970. As announced last year [1], a formal partnership between EJI and EFIS was established. All parties (WileyVCH, the Executive Committee and EFIS) are extremely pleased about this common effort and its successful conclusion. Particular thanks go to G nter H mmerling and Eddy Liew for their enormous help in this common endeavour. The current Executive Committee unanimously consented to donate the revenues from the Journal to EFIS to further European Immunology, particularly education and training for younger immunologists, but also the organization and sponsorship of workshops and summer schools. This essential financial support of EFIS by EJI and Wiley-VCH is only possible because EJI, since its beginning by Wiley-VCH and an eminent group of European immunologists, including Otto Westphal, Annemarie Straub, Botho Kickh fen, Olli M kel , Avrion Mitchison and Klaus Rajewsky, has become a successful and profitable Journal. The scientific success of the Journal is due to the dedication and hard work of all the Executive Committee members of the past 37 years. On behalf of the current Executive Committee, I would therefore like to thank all past Executive Committee members. Without their loyal commitment to the Journal and the enormous amount of their complimentary work and time it would not have been possible to serve the European immunological community via EFIS with the current financial support as now provided with the new partnership between EJI, EFIS and the Executive Committee. Another important anniversary in 2007 is that of Wiley and Sons, the publisher of EJI through its Wiley-VCH division. Wiley is celebrating 200 years in publishing – Congratulations Wiley! The company began life as a small printing shop opened by Charles Wiley in Manhattan, New York City in 1807 and in its early years was responsible for producing literary works by great writers such as Washington Irving, Edgar Allen Poe, Victor Hugo and Charles Dickens amongst others. A far cry from publishing original scientific research; however, with the company's reputation established and with the advent of industrialisation in the second half of the nineteenth century, Wiley broadened its portfolio by publishing scientific and technical works. Wiley further diversified in the early twentieth century into businessfocused and scholarly projects and the second half of the century saw the foundation of a truly international company. The pace of change continues to increase in the modern world of science publishing and communication, and the Executive Committee and I extend our very best wishes to Wiley for continued healthy growth. What about the evolution and adaptability of EJI? Since the completion of the contract with EFIS in September 2006, the editorial team has been working hard to introduce a number of changes in 2007. Importantly, we are introducing fixed and regulated terms of office for both the Chairman of the Executive Committee and the Executive Committee members. It is therefore with regret, but also with enormous thanks for his contribution to the Journal, that we see Antonio Lanzavecchia leaving the Executive Committee after ten "What about the evolution and adaptability of EJI?" Eur. J. Immunol. 2007. 37: 1–3 1


Local antibiotic treatment in bacteriological infections of outer or inner surfaces is more effective and less expensive than the systemic antibiotic therapy. Ciprofloxacine therapy was successful


Driving pattern parameters is of great importance not only to the construction of the driving cycle but also to the energy control strategy for HEV.This study is aimed at investigating which driving pattern parameter has a main effect on the fuel consumption of two kinds of vehicles, conventional vehicle and HEV. The driving data are from Nanjing for the conventional vehicle and Hengyang for the HEV.The data included speed and fuel consumption collected in real traffic. In this paper, 15 traditional driving pattern parameters were calculated. These included average speed, average driving speed, average acceleration, average deceleration, mean length of a driving period, proportion of speed interval and so on. Regression analysis on the relation between driving pattern parameters and the fuel-use showed that the proportion of speed interval and the percentage of idling time have the most impact on the fuel consumption for the traditional car. While, for the HEV the analysis showed that the average speed and the average acceleration have considerable effects on the fuel consumption. At the same time, the result shows the equation of linear regression can be used to predict the fuel-use if the 15 driving pattern parameters are given.


fishing grounds. Equally important for profitable fishing operations is that the fisherman be able to determine accurately his position at sea.' Having stated the problems of the fisherman the author goes on to outline most of the various techniques and equipment available to assist him in overcoming them. The first chapter of the book deals with Electronic Navigation and after giving a very useful description of the basic physics involved it goes on to describe hyberbolic navigation systems in a very clear and concise manner. The accuracy and range of each of the described systems is quoted and the reader is given sufficient information to enable him to choose according to his needs. This chapter also describes radio direction finders and radar and having first dealt with the basic principles goes on to discuss actual equipment. It is a pity that no mention is made of satellite navigation, because this system is already in use on some fisheries research vessels and is being evaluated in the U.K. for use on the larger commercial trawlers. Sound Transmission in Water is the title of chapter 2, and the first few pages explain the essentials of echo sounding very well indeed. The author spends a considerable time explaining the effects of echo sounder beam-width and this he does in his usual efficient manner. Unfortunately all his beam-width examples are navigational situations; another important situation for a fisherman concerns the fact that, due to wide beam-width, he may see fish on his echo sounder display which appear to be on the sea-bed but in reality may be above the headline of his bottom trawl and therefore not catchable. Chapter 2 then goes on to explain the various facilities available on modern echo sounders and particularly describes the multi-stylus recorder and the scale expansion facility available with this equipment. After reading about the scale expansion technique the reader can easily be left with the impression that only a multi-stylus recorder can give this facility, which is of course not the case. Through advances in electronic techniques over the last few years echo information can be stored electronically, and played back at a slower rate on to the echo sounder chart. Most manufacturers of echo sounders for fish location now use this technique. It is possible that when the manuscript was prepared the technique may not have been used in commercial echo sounders, but it is now such an important and powerful development in fish finding echo sounders that it is a great pity that the book does not mention it. The remainder of chapter 2 discusses sonar, bathymetric charts, transponders, transducers, pingers and net monitors; the descriptions given by the author are clear and to the point, though only an acoustic net monitor is mentioned. There are many hundreds of cable net monitors (or net sounders) in use throughout the world. Though it is felt that there are a few important omissions, the book though small is well written and well worth having, particularly as a quick reference book for hyperbolic navigation systems. E. Allison


The classification of malocclusion is the description of the different types of dentofacial problems according to a common characteristic, or norm. In the year of 1899, Edward H. Angle publishes in the Dental Cosmos magazine the classification of malocclusions most used in the world until now. It divides the problems of poor dental and skeletal positions in Class I, Class II and Class III. The characteristics of class III are the following: an inadequate relation of the maxilla with respect to the jaw, in which all the teeth at the moment of occlusion remain in a mesial position compared with an ideal occlusion. This mesial position can go from the middle of a premolar to more teeth in extreme cases. In general, the lower incisors meet with a lingual inclination, which can become more pronounced when the patient is older. Class III malocclusion has a subdivision, which is when one half of the arcade is found in class III and the other half in class I.


This study investigates the diversity and population differentiation of the New Zealand Pot-belly seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis through the utilization of morphological and genetic data. Four microsatellite loci – Habd3, Habd6, Habd7 and Habd9 – and three mitochondrial DNA markers – cytochrome b (814 bp), cytochrome oxidase 1 (624 bp) and control region (404 bp) – in conjunction with quantified morphological features revealed a very high diversity but low population differentiation within New Zealand, suggesting very high levels of gene flow. Some sexual dimorphism was detected, in the terms of shorter snout length and trunk length, and a higher incidence of fronds and spotting in males. A sample size of 166 yielded 31-46 microsatellite alleles and no common multilocus genotypes, and 36-40 new sequences were generated for each mitochondrial DNA marker exposing 14-16 haplotypes, with a maximum of 0.7-2.2% sequence divergence. H. abdominalis were found to be widely dispersed mainly in low density populations. As this species is likely to be facing increased threats from exploitation and habitat degradation in the future it is hoped that this information contributes to the knowledge about H. abdominalis so that future conservation management would be easier to implement.


This paper aims to assess the Initial Investment Valuation Methodology of the local regulator, facing the results of auctions, due to the high occurrence of low clearing prices observed from 2003 to 2008 and the high percentage of auctions without any bidder recently. The regulator investment forecasted defines the maximum value of Yearly Allowed Revenue and the bidder that offers the lowest YAR value wins the auction. The first type of analysis considers project cost, location, execution deadline, transmission line extension and type of all actions from 1999 to 2015, totalling about 3.361 billion USD. It was not found any correlation of those variables and the result of the actions. The second analysis compared the equipment and the additional costs breakdown of the regulator investment forecast with the real investment in projects from 2009 to 2013 and it rarely surpasses 5%. Suggestions are proposed based on the analysis.


The VisualGSCA program uses an incorrect algorithm, which results in scale inconsistencies between observed and latent variables. The observed variable is standardized, while the latent variable is normalized. This affects the calculation of the wrong estimate parameter value and the goodness-fit value of FIT and AFIT becomes inaccurate. This error occurs because the algorithm used is not a pure GSCA algorithm but a reduced GSCA algorithm that ignores the structural model, resulting in an incorrect FIT value. This study aims to prove that the old version of the GSCA program has problems using its algorithm so that it can affect the results of its statistical calculations. The data used in this study are data from previous studies that have been processed with the old version of the GSCA program, so that the results can be compared with the latest version of the GSCA program. The results obtained prove that there are indeed differences in the value of the Loading Factor and FIT, so that research that has been done previously needs to be reanalyzed using the latest program.


Some modified theories of gravity are known to predict monopolar, in addition to the usual quadrupolar and beyond, gravitational radiation in the form of `breathing' modes. For the same reason that octupole and higher-multipole terms often contribute negligibly to the overall wave strain, monopole terms tend to dominate. We investigate both monopolar and quadrupolar continuous gravitational radiation from neutron stars deformed through internal magnetic stresses. We adopt the Parameterised-Post-Newtonian formalism to write down equations describing the leading-order stellar properties in a theory-independent way, and derive some exact solutions for stars with mixed poloidal-toroidal magnetic fields. We then turn to the specific case of scalar-tensor theories to demonstrate how observational upper limits on the gravitational-wave luminosity of certain neutron stars may be used to place constraints on modified gravity parameters, most notably the Eddington parameter $γ$. For conservative, purely poloidal models with characteristic field strength given by the spindown minimum, upper limits for the Vela pulsar yield $1-γ\lesssim 4.2 \times 10^{-3}$. For models containing a strong toroidal field housing $\sim 99\%$ of the internal magnetic energy, we obtain the bound $1- γ\lesssim 8.0 \times 10^{-7}$. This latter bound is an order of magnitude tighter than those obtained from current Solar system experiments, though applies to the strong-field regime.


Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand‐gated ion channels formed by five similar subunits that combine to function in signal transduction, proliferation, and apoptosis. α5 nAChRs are structural subunits detected in many non‐neuronal tissues; however, their contributions to signaling during pulmonary development are unknown. α5 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in mouse lungs from embryonic day (E)13.5 to post‐natal day (PN)10. From E15.5 to E18.5, α5 was expressed in primitive airway epithelial cells and mesenchyme. α5 expression followed the proximal‐distal axis and was detected throughout the lung at PN5. Because perinatal expression was abundant in bronchiolar epithelium, we assessed transcriptional control of α5 in Beas2B cells, a human bronchiolar epithelial cell line, by TTF‐1, a transcription factor that controls pulmonary morphogenesis. TTF‐1 significantly increased α5 transcription by acting on the α5 promoter. Site‐directed mutagenesis revealed that TTF‐1 controlled transcription by binding to specific TTF‐1 response elements. These data demonstrate that α5 is specifically controlled in a temporal and spatial manner during pulmonary morphogenesis and that it may function in differentiating pulmonary epithelial cells involved in normal organogenesis. Supported by the Flight Attendants Medical Research Institute (FAMRI, PRR) and a BYU MEG Award (PRR).


Normal mouse spleen cells initiate synthesis of immunoglobulins in vitro in the presence of fetal calf serum and in the absence of specific antigen following the removal of regulatory suppressor(s) present in normal syngeneic mouse serum.


Strict Liability: Questionnaire and Cases M.R. Will. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Austria B.A. Koch, H. Koziol. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Belgium H. Cousy, D. Droshout. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Czech Republic L. Tichy. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. England W.V.H. Rogers. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. France S. Galand-Carval. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Germany J. Fedtke, U. Magnus. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Greece K.D. Kerameus. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Israel I. Gilead. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F-G. Visions and directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Italy G. Comande. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Netherlands E. du Perron, W.H. van Boom. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Poland M. Nesterowicz, E. Baginska. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. South Africa J. Neethling. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Spain M. Martin-Casals, et al. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Switzerland P. Widmer. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. United States G.T. Schwartz. Part I: General Questions. A. Legal Basis. B. General characteristics. C. Rules differing from general tort law. D. Cumulation of strict liability and fault liability? E. Interrelation with other compensation systems. F. Visions. G. Possible directions. Part II: Cases. A. Scope (protective purpose) of strict liability norms. B. Notion of `custodian/keeper'. C. Excuses. D. Channelling strict liability upon operator/license holder. Economic Analysis M. Faure. Comparative Conclusions B.A. Koch, H. Koziol.


The purpose of this paper is to study approximating common fixed points of three asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. The results presented in this paper extend and improve some recent results.


UNLABELLED
The combined TI-201/Tc-99mPPi tomography was compared to planar Tc-99m-PPi scintigraphy in terms of diagnosis and localization of the infarction. In 32 consecutive patients with recent myocardial infarctions, the necrosis could be detected by means of planar imaging in 17 out of 22 patients with transmural and in three out of 10 patients with intramural infarctions. Six out of seven patients without recent myocardial infarctions were accurately diagnosed. Double radionuclide tomography made possible accurate diagnoses in all patients. Artefacts resulting from residual radioactivity within the cardiac blood pool and uptake of tracer in bones that overlie the heart were only observed with planar imaging.

CONCLUSION
double radionuclide tomography is superior to planar imaging in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.


Presently human settlements in developing societies do not effectively address problems in urban areas
including inadequate housing, unreliable energy sources, inadequate water supply, poor sanitation
systems and lack of access roads in informal settlements. Recently, Nakuru town water supply has been
characterized by chronic shortages and this threatens sanitation in residential and industrial functions
within the Municipality. "Flying toilets" and pit latrines are conspicuous in low income high density
settlements, while flush toilets, sewer systems and septic tanks are common among middle and high
income low density settlements. A study was carried out to assess and map linkages between sanitation
technologies and settlements profile in the municipality and examine implications of resource-oriented
sanitation technologies. Results showed that sanitation situation in low income settlements and choice of
sanitation technology is limited to multi-factors. 70% of respondents indicated a strain economically as a
determining factor in the choice of sanitation technology. The research recommended the adoption of
ecological sanitation as a paradigm shift from conventional sanitation.


With the continuous growth of population and subsequent ever growing demand for the consumer goods, there has been principal thrust upon the development processes for the production of goods to meet the requirements. As a result, there have been serious efforts in the areas of industrial and technological development. Our economy has essentially focused on the growth and development oriented plans and programmes. All these development processes particularly industrial development consumed huge amount of natural resources like ores, minerals, fossil fuel and forest resources etc resulting in mindless exploitation of these resources and resulted in degradation in environment. Even the most precious divine gift like air and water has become impure & scarce because of our own activities. In this conflicting scenario of environment and development, sustainable development emerges as solution to these problems.