Wheat is one of the most important energy and nutrition sources of over growing world population. Wheat provide 21% food calories and 20% protein to more than 4.5 billion people worldwide and also consumed directly in different forms (Barun et al., 2010). High temperature is a major problem in agricultural cropping systems world-wide, with unexpected variations in temperature causing reduction in growth, development, metabolism and yield, with great risks for future global food security (Christensen and Christensen 2007; Parent et al., 2010). The optimum temperature for grain development of wheat varies between 15-18 °C (Chowdhury and Wardlaw, 1978; Modhej et al., 2011). Under heat stress Zong-hu and Rajaram (1994) reported that decline in number of spike per International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Time-resolved infrared chemiluminescence has been observed from the reaction of ground-state oxygen atoms with CF2(X1A1) radicals. FTIR measurements were first used to establish the time dependence of the emission spectrum, and kinetic measurements were then carried out using a series of narrowband IR filters. IR emission observed between 1840 and 2350 cm–1 was assigned to CO2 formed in the reaction sequence O + CF2→ FCO + F, O + FCO → CO2+ F and emitting in the Δv3=–1 bands. Total IR emission intensities were correlated with CF2 concentrations as measured by laser-induced fluorescence. Changes in the kinetics and intensities of the IR emission as a function of wavenumber and reagent pressures were consistent with this formation scheme followed by quenching of vibrationally excited CO2, mainly by collisions with O atoms. An upper limit of 0.06 was estimated for the ratio of vibrationally excited CO to CO2 produced in the system.


This paper focused on isolated primordial germ cells(PGCs) from gonads at stage 19 and stage 28 by Ficoll density-gradient centrifugation.Then,the PGCs were frozen in five kinds of freezing media under the freezing process.The viability of the frozen-thawed PGCs was measured by the trypan blue exclusion method.The results showed:①For the stage 19,the viability of the frozen-thawed PGCs was significant difference(P0.05) between freezing media Ⅰ(10% DMSO+10% FBS) and freezing media Ⅳ(10% EG+10% FBS+0.1 mol/L sucrose),but that of the stage 28 showed no significant difference(P0.05) among all the freezing media.②When cultured on feeder cells in the presence of the three kinds of cytokines,the third passage PGCs still can proliferate and maintain its undifferentiated state.


Using aerial photographs followed by extensive field checks, a Photo-Geological map for the entire 'Belt of Schuppen' of northeast India has been prepared. The 20 to 30 km wide exposed part of 'Belt of Schuppen' comprises two major thrusts (Haflong-Naga thrust, Disang thrust) and three minor Sub-Thrusts. The Haflong-Naga thrust (frontal thrust of 'Belt of Schuppen') extends NE-SW over a length of 410 km along the break in slope separating the alluvial plain in the west from the ridges of Neogene sedimentary rocks in the east. In the SW at Miyungkhor in the left bank of Jatinga River, it is terminated by Dauki fault. In the NE near Digboi, it is concealed below the alluvium. The Disang thrust (rear thrust of 'Belt of Schuppen') extends NE-SW over a length of 480 km and it defines the eastern margin of Neogene basin. In the SW near Wadrengdisa, it branches out from Haflong-Naga thrust and in the NE at Bulbulia in the right bank of Noa Dihing River, it is terminated by Mishmi thrust, which extends into Myanmar as 'Sagaing fault'. The major thrusts and Sub-Thrusts of belt 'Belt of Schuppen' dtp generally towards SE. Thus the 'Belt of Schuppen' extends between Dauki fault in the SW and Mishmi thrust in the NE over a length of about 500 km. When the SW end of 'Belt of Schuppen' moved upwards and towards east along the Dauki fault, the NE end moved downwards and towards west along the Mishmi thrust, causing it's 'S' shaped bending. The southern part of 'Belt of Schuppen' extends along the sheared western limb of southerly plunging Kohima synform and it is seismically active. The northern truncated end at Mishmi trust is also seismically active. There is a pronounced seismic gap in the middle part of 'Belt of Schuppen'. The epicenter plots of major earthquakes of Richter magnitude ≥7 in this region reveal that the rupturing at depth which caused these earthquakes are aligned along distinct NE-SW trending parallel zones, perpendicular to the regional compression in NW-SE direction.


Interviews with forty-five chief executives of nonprofit organizations in the Kansas City area provide evidence about the nature of man agement in nonprofit organizations suggesting, first, that adapting programs to shifts in funding patterns has been a major challenge and, second, that fundraising and board-executive relations-issues generally regarded as distinctly characteristic of nonprofit organiza tion management-are often experienced as critical.


Background: In today's fast moving world, the communication of science and technology
is playing an increasingly important role for the relation between science and the public.
Both journalists and researchers have their own agenda when communicating as public
interest, corporate science and the competition for funding increases. At the same time,
the conditions on which stories about science can be told have dramatically changed with
the 21st century media landscape.
Purpose: The motives for communicating science and the conditions on which to do this
are changing. There is a gap of academic research on this matter. This thesis will attempt
to fill this gap and will do so by exploring new motives to communicate science taking its
starting point in existing and emerging practices for both researchers and Universities to
communicate science with media and the public. As it takes on a purely qualitative
approach, the hope is to lay out a path with suggestions for further quantitative studies.
Delimitations: Science Communication constitutes many different tools through which
the communication can mediate. These extend the whole spectra of sensory experience,
3
ranging from science festivals where one can touch and feel, to documentaries where one
can hear and see, to articles and blogs where one can read and discuss. This thesis
focuses on the latter, written science communication, mainly because of the changing
conditions that have risen as a result of the rise of ICT and the new media landscape. It
focuses on the press release as a 20th century tool for knowledge dissemination,
contemporary models like ES1 and more interactive models such as research blogs that
have emerged during the 21st century.
Discussion and conclusions: The conditions for researchers, University press staff and
science journalists to communicate science to the public have undergone dramatic
changes as a result of the evolution of ICT. At the same time, the motives for which to
engage in science communication and science journalism are also changing. This part of
the thesis discusses the implications of these changes. It can be concluded that a great
deal of science reporting has been migrating from traditional media to social media, such
as blogs. However, the blog cannot replace traditional media and seems to be better
suited for communicating the scientific process rather than scientific results. It also helps
researchers to build their academic network and develop their writing skills, which is
something that is becoming increasingly important.
As a consequence of a tougher business climate, science journalism is in decline as big
newspapers cut their costs by closing down their scientific departments. At the same time,
the information bureaus of the Universities are growing. With increased competition for
funding and corporate interests in science, the incentives to communicate outwards are
shifting from altruistic towards now being more pragmatic. Although, many researchers
display an altruistic willingness to communicate what they are doing, some of them have
political agendas that may remain hidden due to the lack of balance between the
University Information Bureaus on the one hand, and science journalism on the other.
1 ES (Expert Answer) is a Swedish match-making service, which helps journalists find research
opinions for their material.


Psychological factors is an important content of the crime causes.In the terrorism crime of "Xinjiang's independence",there are personal factors including individual bad demand,low quality of individual and anti-social psychology.At the same time,the psychological factors in the social interaction are crucial,such as the imitation among the criminals,the orderly psychological interaction in the interpersonal relationships and the command orcoercion from the criminal organization,etc.


The invention discloses a method for using steel slags during sintering, comprising the following steps of: preparing sintering raw materials including 2-5% of steel slags, 4.0-6.0% of quick lime, 1.0-4.0% of dolomite, 4.0-7.0% of limestone, 3.0-5.0% of coke powder and the balance of iron powdered ore. The method for using the steel slags in sintering provided by the invention is characterized in that the cheap waste steel slags of the iron and steel industry are taken instead of iron powdered ore, and simultaneously the dosage of MgO flux is reduced, and usable elements such as TFe, MgO, CaO and the like in the steel slags are well utilized; as a result, resource reduction is realized.


The present invention relates to a residual current circuit breaker comprising a sum current transformer (18), a transmitter (12), a first switching contact (1) in a first current branch (19) has a second switching contact (2) in a second current branch (19), a switching mechanism ( 3) for opening the switching contacts (1, 2), and a control unit (11), which (via a control line 15) with the summation current transformer (18) is connected, and a testing device (with a test resistor 13) and a test button (14 ), to produce a defined fault current. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for performing a self-test of a residual current circuit breaker.


We focus on automatic cartography of dense urban areas. This complex issue concerns a lot of fields. This work focuses on Digital Elevation Models (DEM). Altimetry of a town is a simple data which is quite easily available nowadays. Different sensors can provide this kind of data. We propose here an algorithm that allows to detect on a DEM simple 3D shapes fitting some conditions using mathematical morphology. The goal is to obtain a three dimensional vector map of the considered urban area. This algorithm uses some a priori knowledge of the disposition of buildings in towns. We introduce a spatial point process whose points stand for buildings. The distribution of this random process is split into two parts: the first favours configurations where points lie according a pattern that reflects buildings arrangement by use of interactions, while the second is a data term that makes realisations of the point process be relevant with respect to the DEM. We compute an estimate of the land register by using an MCMC sampler coupled with a simulated annealing. We present results on real data provided by IGN (French Mapping Institute) and discuss about the robustness of our method. We present three different models and study their utility to the 3D reconstruction.


The vibrational population relaxation rate of the O–H stretching fundamental of hydroxyl groups on SiO2 surfaces was measured directly using picosecond infrared pulses. The vibrational lifetime determined for hydroxyls at the silica–vacuum interface is 204±20 ps. For silica‐bound hydroxyls in a saturated atmosphere of CCl4, the lifetime decreases to 159±16 ps. Both lifetimes are many times longer than would be inferred from infrared absorption linewidths.


The outbreak of COVID-19 since Dec. 2019 has caused severe life and economic damage worldwide, many countries are trapped by medical resource constraints or absence of targeted therapeutics, and therefore the implement of systemic policies to block this pandemic should be prioritized. Based on the transmission mechanisms and physicochemical properties of betacoronaviruses, we construct a fine-grained transmission dynamics model (ICRD) to forecast the crucial information of public concern, therein using dynamical coefficients to quantify the impact of the implement time and intensity of containment policies on the spread of epidemic. We find that the comprehensive investigation policy for susceptible population and the quarantine for suspected cases eminently contribute to reduce casualties during the phase of the dramatic increase of diagnosed cases. Statistic evidences strongly suggest that society should take such forceful public health interventions to cut the infection channels in the initial stage until the pandemic is interrupted.


The effects of the different preservatives on cut flowers of Eustoma grandiflorumand its physiological effects were studied.The results showed that the different preservatives could significant raise the fresh weight in cut flowers of Eustoma grandiflorum,obviously promote its water absorbing capacity,improve its ornamental quality,effectively increase flower diameter,prolong its vase life definitely,increase activity of SOD and delay degradation of protein.The best recipe for its preservation is Cane Sugar(2%)+Sorbic Acid(100mg/L)+Al2(SO4)3(250mg/L).


At the beginning of the20th century classical biotechnology and chemical synthesis were for many purposes alternative technologies. Spite of the importance of classical bio-technology (which mainly drew on the application of enzymatic processes and microbiology for the production of good and services) at that time specially in Germany, the German drug producers made use of the organic chemical synthesis in the drug development and production processes. This technological decision was a conscious choice. Since the 1970s bio-technology plays a key role in the pharmaceutical sectoral system of innovation. The revolutionary advances in molecular biology of the early 1970s had open a new era in the drug discovery process. The advent of modern biotechnology has forced German incumbents to learn the advances in the technology they ignored 100 years before. The aim of this paper is to review historical contributions to the history of technology and the pharmaceutical industry to identify some of the factors that may have influenced the technology adoption decisions of the actors in the German pharmaceutical industry. The findings disclose that the research traditions, the organizational structures, and the firm capabilities in terms of human capital strongly influenced the selection criteria of the pharmaceutical corporations for the production of raw materials and pharmaceuticals. The analysis of the technological trajectories of the chemical synthesis and biotechnology reveals that unexpected technological breakthroughs in other technological fields radically influenced their development paths. Finally, examples of policy action disclose how that policy measures can influence technology trajectories and adoption by actors.


Recently, the energy efficiency of buildings has become a big issue and the need of thermal performance analysis on transparent building envelopes has been substantially increasing since the energy consumption caused by heat gain or heat loss through transparent building envelopes is significant. The Solar Heat Gain Coefficient(SHGC) is one of the most widely used indicators for thermal performance of transparent building envelopes. The SHGC can be assessed by two methods: The first method is a spectroscopic method which is normally used to evaluate the SHGC of glazing units. This method may be suitable for glazing-only units but it is not easy to track all the spectrums that are transmitted, reflected, or absorbed by the complex fenestrations which contain shading devices because their non-coplanar shapes and irregularities in surfaces produce angular scattering effects. For this reason, NFRC is assessing the SHGC for complex fenestrations with the second method, calorimetric method. In this paper, published standards and methods on assessment of the SHGC are investigated. In addition, the characteristics of an alternative that relieve the difficulties recognized on those standards and methods are provided.


Public transport is a viable option that can help persons with visual disability to overcome mobility challenges. The main aim of the review is to identify existing provisions, barriers, and/or access to public transport services for persons with visual disability. A scoping review was conducted based on the framework proposed by Arskey and O'Malley. A total of 16 studies were systematically selected out of 273 published literatures which was obtained from electronic database searches. Four themes emerged from the selected studies. The major theme was challenges related to accessing public transport from the perspective of persons with visual disability (PVD) with presentation of information, drivers/workers attitude, bus design, technological barriers, and accessibility of public spaces being the subthemes. The other three themes were the challenges reported by the transport drivers, available facilities/adaptations and resolutions, and policies and recommendations. In conclusion, the current review suggests that access to public transportation for persons with visual disability is considerably inadequate. Poor presentation of information, inappropriate driver attitude, and inconsistent bus design seem to be the major barriers persons with visual disability encounter during public transport travel.


Objective To discuss the effect of abnormal thyroid function on pregnant women and pregnancy outcome.Methods Clinical data of pregnant women in the Fifth People's Hospital of Wanzhou Distric in Chongqing City from March 2009 to October 2013 were retrospective analyzed,397 pregnant women with abnormal thyroid function were selected as the thyroid dysfunction group according to the related standard;then 460 pregnant women with normal thyroid function were selected as control group.Relevant indicators of thyroid function were tested after admission,and were followed up for 2 weeks after delivery.The occurrence of complications and outcomes of pregnant women in two groups were compared analyzed.Results The incidence rates of gestational diabetes,hypertension and anemia pregnancy in thyroid dysfunction group(15.62%,13.60%,8.82%) were significantly higher than those of control group(4.78%,8.04%,5.00%),the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05);but there was no significant difference on the incidence of placental abruption between thyroid dysfunction group(0.76%) and control group(0.87%)(P 0.05).The incidence rates of low birth weight,premature and abortion in thyroid dysfunction group(6.05%,4.53%,4.79%),also were significantly higher than those of the control group(1.96%,1.96%,1.74%),the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05);but there was no significant difference on the incidence of fetal distress between thyroid dysfunction group(1.26%) and control group(1.30%)(P 0.05).Conclusion There are adverse effects of abnormal thyroid function on pregnant women and pregnancy outcome,only control the thyroid function of pregnant women in the normal range maximum degree throughout pregnancy can ensure that pregnant women get a good outcome of pregnancy.


Abstract : ATOC/NPAL Propagation Modeling. A scientific mystery has emerged from the analysis of bottom-mounted SOSUS hydrophone recordings of the broadband ATOC/NPAL source located just north of Kauai. Strong, robust arrivals are observed from several hundred meters below the turning point of predicted rays. This issue has been looked at extensively by Dr. Brian Dushaw of the UW-APL and Dr. John Colosi of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. To date, the observations remain unexplained. Internal wave scattering is generally the first idea broached on the subject but work by Colosi and Heaney has shown that internal waves are not responsible for significant diffraction of a wavefront caustic in the vertical, particularly for high-angle rays. Here we will present the puzzle and show our explanation of the measurements based upon broadband parabolic equation and normal mode modeling as well as ray based modeling techniques. The ATOC and NPAL programs have been pioneers in examining the feasibility of global climate monitoring using long range acoustics. One of the decisions made during the early stages of this study was to place sources near shore where the local bathymetry interacts with the sound channel. This was done to eliminate the problem of source motion of a moored source in deep water and to facilitate the delivery of power to the source via underwater cables to land. This study examines the complex interaction of the sound with the local bathymetry before entering the deep ocean. The implications to the climate-monitoring field are significant.


Zhuge Liang,a wise figure depicted in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms,knew astronomy and geography well,and had a sharp eye on all sorts of people.Therefore,he could always defeat his enemy.He chose the wise Lord,did everything for his lord with all his heart,knew how to choose the best one for his part and knew righteousness between the monarch and his minister well.All of these things showed that he had his great wisdom.Even so,there exists the loneliness and helplessness behind the wise man.But no matter how bumpy the road was,he had the courage to move forward,the spirit of knowing the impossibility while with dauntless.With all of these things,he was famous in the world forever and got the so-called big wisdom.


Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) using volunteer Unrelated Donors (UD) has become an important and viable option in the treatment of Acute Leukaemia (AL). While matching donors and recipients usually refers to five of the classical HLA genes (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1), the impact of a sixth gene, HLA-DPB1, on the outcome of UD-HSCT is increasingly emerging. We have previously shown an increased risk of relapse with HLA-DPB1 matching and independently, with NOD2/CARD15 genotype. In light of these data, we have analysed a larger UD-HSCT cohort in order to establish the impact on transplant outcome when both HLA-DPB1 matching status and NOD2/CARD15 genotype are considered. HLA typing and NOD2/CARD15 genotyping was performed on 304 AL patients and their Anthony Nolan Trust volunteer unrelated donors. Transplants occurred between 1996 and 2005 at UK transplant centres. Diagnoses were ALL (47%) and AML (53%). 67% of the cohort were a 10/10 HLA match with 16% also being matched for HLA-DPB1. Myeloablative conditioning regimens were used in 74% of transplants. T-cell depletion was included in 82% of conditioning protocols. Bone marrow was used in 72% of transplants with the remaining 28% using peripheral blood stem cells. Two forms of post-transplant immunosuppression predominated, Cyclosporine A and Methotrexate (47%) and Cyclosporine A alone (38%). Previous studies on a subgroup of this cohort showed that HLA-DPB1 matching and NOD2/CARD15 SNPs independently caused an increase in disease relapse. Consequently, the cohort was grouped into three categories to reflect this risk, group 1 (DPB1 matched; NOD2/CARD15 SNP, n=24), group 2 (HLA-DPB1 matched; NOD2/CARD15 Wild-Type (WT) or HLA-DPB1 mismatched; NOD2/CARD15 SNP, n=112) and group 3 (HLA-DPB1 mismatched; NOD2/CARD15 WT, n=168). There was a significant difference in disease relapse between the three groups (1 year: group 1; 68%, group 2; 48%, group 3; 30%, p=0.0038). This finding persisted in multivariate analysis where being in either group 2 or 3 was protective towards relapse as compared to group 1 (RR 0.321; 95% CI 0.167–0.616; p=0.001 and RR 0.478; 95% CI 0.244–0.934; p=0.031 respectively). In the group with the highest relapse risk (group 1), this resulted in a decrease in Overall Survival (OS) (33% vs 54% in group 3, RR 0.617; 95% CI 0.359–1.060; p=0.080). The best OS was seen in the group with the lowest risk of relapse (group 3). Here, in addition to low relapse, there was increased acute and chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD) (p=0.0019 and p=0.0058 respectively). In this cohort, cGvHD (in its limited form) was associated with a significantly lower incidence of relapse (p=0.0066) and better OS (p


The main objective is to determine the performance of microsphere insulation in a 0-g environment and compare its performance to reference insulations such as multilayer insulation. The Lockheed Helium Extended-Life Dewar (HELD) is used to provide superfluid-helium cold sink for the experiment. The use of HELD allows the low-g dynamic properties of Passive Orbital Disconnect Struts (PODS) to be characterized and provides a flight demonstration of the PODS system. The thermal performance of microspheres in 1 and 0 g was predicted, a flight experiment was designed to determine microsphere thermal performance, and the interface was also designed between the experimental package and the shuttle through HELD and the Hitchhiker-M carrier. A single test cell was designed and fabricated. The cell was filled with uncoated glass microspheres and tested with a liquid-nitrogen cold sink. The data were found to agree with predictions of microsphere performance in 1 g.


Natural killer (NK) cells play an essential immunoregulatory role in the pathogenesis of severe aplastic anaemia (SAA). NK cells exert a regulatory effect on adaptive immunity by secreting interferon (IFN) and stimulating cytotoxic T cell proliferation and activation. Our previous research showed that IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) was essential in developing NK cells. Moreover, an increased expression of IRF-1 was detected in NK cells, which was associated with NK cell dysfunction and the pathogenesis of SAA.


The glymphatic system has been shown in animal studies to support the clearance of waste metabolites from the brain interstitial space. Using MRI, Ringstad et al. visualize the glymphatic system for the first time in humans. Glymphatic clearance is sleep-dependent and is impaired in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.


The terms of trade under various aggregate supply regimes in the north protectionism the debt crisis north, south and east the environment.


B7–1 and B7–2 are expressed on antigen‐presenting cells and bind to the CD28 and CTLA‐4 receptors on T cells. These interactions trigger a costimulatory pathway that is essential for T‐cell activation. B7–1 and B7–2 are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and, despite sharing common function, have only limited sequence similarity. The B7–1 extracellular region was previously subdivided into 2 IgSF domains, an N‐terminal V(ariable)‐like domain, followed by a C(onstant)‐like domain. We recently reported that the V‐like domains of B7–1 and B7–2 share some significant sequence similarities with 3 major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐encoded members of the IgSF. We have now applied inverse folding methodology to assess the compatibility of the B7–1 and B7–2 extracellular region sequences with currently available 3‐dimensional structures. In these calculations, the sequences of the N‐terminal (V‐like) domains in B7–1 and B7–2 were not compatible with known structures, including the IgSF V‐set. In contrast, the sequences of the C‐like domains were compatible with IgSF C‐set structures and were best recognized by the β2‐microglobulin (β2m) domain of MHC Class I. A sequence comparison of the C‐like domains in the B7 molecules showed that 11 of 17 rigorously conserved residues in B7–1 and B7–2 are not IgSF C‐1 set consensus residues. When mapped onto the corresponding positions of the β2m structure, the conserved residues in B7 cluster on the surface, where they may interact with the B7 V‐like domain or other molecules.


The short circuit tests of transformers at home and abroad are introduced.The unquali-fied reasons in transformer tests and the taken measures are presented.


This brief presents an energy-efficient dual-band 3-way Doherty power amplifier (DPA) suitable for wireless infrastructure that transmits intra-band and inter-band carrier aggregated communication signals with high peak-to-average power ratios. This brief begins with a bandwidth analysis of dual-band impedance inverting networks, especially when used to absorb the transistors' output capacitances. This analysis produced a set of equations which directed the synthesis of a dual-band 3-way DPA combining network capable of producing the proper load modulation over an extended output back-off while maintaining acceptable fractional bandwidth (FBW). A 60-watt dual-band 3-way DPA was designed as a proof-of-concept demonstrator to operate in two bands, 2.0–2.2 GHz and 3.3–3.6 GHz. Under continuous wave stimuli, drain efficiencies of about 48% and 43% were recorded at an output back-off of 9dB in the two bands. These efficiencies were maintained over a FBW of about 10%. The linearizability of the fabricated DPA using digital pre-distortion techniques was also confirmed under intra-band and inter-band carrier-aggregated signals.


For sentences such as "The circle is above the rectangle", the geometric properties of the mentioned objects modulate participants' sentence acceptability ratings (given object depictions; [2]). Among the geometric properties is the center-of-mass orientation, i.e., the orientation of an imaginary line between the centers-ofmass of two objects (dashed lines in Fig. 1a). [2] found that the more this orientation deviates from canonical upright, the lower people rate the acceptability of the spatial preposition above. A computational cognitive model of this task (the rAVS model, [1]) assumes that the influence of the center-of-mass orientation reduces with lower relative distance. Relative distance is defined as the distance from the circle to the rectangle divided by the dimensions of the rectangles (with equal absolute circle placements: the taller the rectangle, the smaller the relative distance). To test this assumption, we placed 18 circles above 4 rectangles with different heights (Fig. 1a) and asked people to rate the acceptability of the German sentence "Der Punkt ist über dem Objekt" ("The dot is above the object"). The taller the rectangles, (i) the relatively closer are the circles to the rectangles, and (ii) the less deviates the center-of-mass orientation from canonical upright. Ratings did not differ across the (taller vs. shorter) rectangles but lower relative distance (cf. subplots of Fig. 1b) correlated with lower influence of the center-of-mass orientation on acceptability ratings (decreasing steepness of slopes). This confirms rAVS's predictions and suggests that geometric properties of objects matter for relating spatial language to object depictions. (a) Example stimuli used in our rating study. Dashed lines depict center-of-mass orientations.


We reconsider parity violation experiments in atomic hydrogen and deuterium in the light of existing tests of the Electroweak interactions, and assess whether new experiments, using improved experimental techniques, could make useful contributions to testing the Standard Model (SM). We find that, if parity experiments in hydrogen can be done, they remain highly desirable because there is negligible atomic-physics uncertainty, and low-energy tests of weak neutral current interactions are needed to probe for new physics beyond the SM. Of particular interest would be a measurement of the nuclear spin independent coupling C1D for the deuteron at a combined error (theory + experiment) of 0.3%. This would provide a factor of 3 improvement to the precision on sin2θW at very low momentum transfer provided by heavy atom atomic parity violation (APV) experiments. Also, experiments in H and D could provide precise measurements of three other electron–nucleon, weak–neutral–current coupling constants: C1p, C2p and C2D, which have not been accurately determined to date. Analysis of a generic APV experiment in deuterium indicates that a 0.3% measurement of C1D requires development of a slow (77 K) metastable beam of ≈5 × 1014 D(2S) s−1 per hyperfine component. The advent of UV radiation from free electron laser (FEL) technology could allow production of such a beam.


eatment: There is no specific treatment for enteroviral eningitis. Bed rest, fluids, and medication for pain and ver are the mainstay of therapy. More severe cases may quire hospitalization for intravenous fluid replacement d pain control. Prevention: The spread of enteroviruses may be moderated through enteric precautions. Strict hand washing is the most effective tool to prevent transmission. Fomites may be disinfected by washing surfaces with a dilute bleach solution (made by mixing 1 capful of household bleach in one gallon of water).


The field of international peacebuilding increasingly recognizes that violence is not a unitary phenomenon, but an array of constraints on human flourishing spanning physical, structural, cultural, and symbolic registers (Galtung 1969; 1990; Jabri 1996; O. Richmond 2012; 2016). This recognition provides corollary insights that building peace requires, at the very least, the reduction of violence in its complex and interlocking forms. But despite a normative commitment to reducing diverse forms of violence, the field of international peacebuilding has struggled to address the potentials for epistemic and ontological violence following from the inherent Eurocentrism of its own disciplinary origins and orientations (Walker 2004; Jabri 2013; Sabaratnam 2013; Goetze 2016). As a result of its exclusion of ways of knowing and being not authorized by Western academic discourses, the theory and practice of international peacebuilding frequently presumes the universalizability of Eurocentric modes of social, political, and economic organization viewed as ontologically destructive by Indigenous and other communities that continue to suffer under conditions of global coloniality (Azarmandi 2018; Maldonado-Torres 2020).


A thermodynamical argument is used to support the suggestion made elsewhere that the more common radical chain mechanism for catalysed decomposition of H2O2 need not predominate if the catalyst can readily undergo a reversible 2-electron oxidation. How complete the exclusion of free radical formation may be depends upon the redox characteristics of the catalyst and on whether its oxidation by two single-electron steps is readily reversible along the same path.


The development of a nation along with a conscious and productive citizenry is dependent upon the standards of education. It is true over the years that the turbulent millennium has brought major transformations in the area of education and is assuming new meaning and dimensions in the society. To sustain the pressures and to make the system vibrant, reliable and realistic there is an urgent need for reviewing the requirements of the learners learning, materials and instructional strategies, teachers and techniques and all other such aspects. Amongst all these aspect teacher education is a critical area in which adequate inputs and investments have to be made for developing not only human resources but also physical resources.


In this paper, interphases in unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites under transv loading are modeled by an advanced boundary element method based on the ela theory. The interphases are regarded as elastic layers between the fiber and matr opposed to the spring-like models in the boundary element method literature. Both der and square unit cell models of the fiber-interphase-matrix systems are consid The effects of varying the modulus and thickness (including nonuniform thickness) interphases with different fiber volume fractions are investigated. Numerical results onstrate that the developed boundary element method is very accurate and effici determining interface stresses and effective elastic moduli of fiber-reinforced comp with the presence of interphases of arbitrarily small thickness. Results also show th interphase properties have significant effect on the micromechanical behaviors o fiber-reinforced composites when the fiber volume fractions are large. @S0021-8936 ~00!02501-0#


This study evaluated the impact of a 5‐week educational and supportive program for people newly diagnosed with dementia and their caregivers.


This is a large randomised controlled trial of accelerated versus conventional HBV vaccination among people who inject drugs. The strengths of the study are large sample size, multicentre trial which has clearly been well-organised and is well described in the paper. Weaknesses are the lack of context to the results presented – in particular, are they new findings, and what are the implications for practice?


The average bursting strength of the vitelline membrane in new-laid eggs is approximately 4500 dynes/cm. On storage the membrane weakens but becomes more elastic. The hatching enzyme in the hen9s egg appears after about 40 hours9 incubation.


Giant cell myocarditis is a rare form of autoimmune myocarditis with high morbidity and mortality that affects mainly middle‐aged adults. We report a case study of a 70‐year‐old man on chronic immunosuppression who presented with sustained ventricular tachycardia and symptoms of acute systolic heart failure, both with poor response to standard measures. A decision to pursue endomyocardial biopsy established the diagnosis of GCM and lead to initiation of immunosuppressive therapy and a favourable outcome. Our case illustrates that a low threshold for endomyocardial biopsy in new onset heart failure can lead to actionable information even in patients of advanced age.


In the nondestructive inspection of aerospace materials and structures, water-coupled ultrasonic inspection is often not desirable due to contamination and property alteration concerns. Examples include composite and foam structures in space applications and honeycomb sandwiches that cannot tolerate water ingression. For practical and operational reasons, water-coupled ultrasound is also not preferred for on-aircraft inspection in maintenance hangars. Non-contact, air-coupled ultrasonic transducers are therefore an attractive alternative for such applications. This paper describes our experience of using piezoceramic air-coupled transducers for flaw detection and repair evaluation of composite parts. The paper first discusses the basic principles of air-coupled ultrasonic measurement and laboratory tests of various materials and structures, followed by a description of a portable, manual, air-coupled ultrasonic scan system that allowed the use of air-coupled ultrasound in the field inspection of aircraft components. Introduction: The goal of this work is to first gain experience of air-coupled ultrasonic testing (AC-UT) in the laboratory by applying the technique to a variety of composite and metallic structures, and then to develop a portable scanning system using commercially available components so that air-coupled ultrasonic testing can be applied in the field on aircraft structures. With this goal in mind, commercially available piezoelectric air-coupled ultrasonic transducers and the associated pulser and receiver [1] were acquired for conducting the laboratory experiments and for incorporating into a portable scanning system. The considerations used for making the choice were mainly the penetrating power of the system and the compactness and robustness for field applications. The laboratory investigation for AC-UT consisted of transducer field profile mapping for planar and focused probes, quantitative measurement of the transmission insertion loss of air-coupled ultrasound in various solids, and imaging of defects and flaws in composite and metallic structures using a conventional laboratory immersion ultrasonic scanning system with the immersion tank removed. The effort of developing a portable system for field use of AC-UT has concentrated on the adaptation of a commercially available magnetically coupled wireless position and orientation tracker [2] as a position encoding device, the fabrication of a light weight yoke fixture for AC-UT transducers, and the development of a data acquisition and analysis software. The fieldable AC-UT system has been completed and initial on-aircraft tests have produced good results. NDE Using Air-Coupled Ultrasound: Ultrasonic testing (UT) is one of the mature modalities of nondestructive inspection for aerospace structures. Contact mode UT typically uses oil or gel as a couplant and is applied manually using portable flaw detecting instrument. Water-coupled ultrasonic inspection are widely used by OEM in manufacturing where large aerospace parts are scanned in automated squirter systems [3]. Ultrasonic inspection by immersion or squirter systems cannot be conveniently applied in the field, although closed-cycle, watercoupled systems have been developed for field use [4]. Air-coupled ultrasonic inspection has the distinct advantage of being couplant-free, but also suffers from several significant disadvantages. The primary limitation of air-coupled ultrasound are the large reflection loss at the air-solid interface [5] and the large attenuation of high frequency ultrasound in air [6]. The latter has limited the application of AC-UT to frequencies mainly below 1 MHz or so. In the NDE of aerospace structures, where internal flaws and defects are to be detected and imaged, the current state of AC-UT technology is mainly on transmission mode inspection that requires two-sided access. The piezoelectric air-coupled ultrasonic transducers used in this work are planar or focused narrow-band probes with center frequencies of 120 kHz or 400 kHz; purchased from QMI, Inc. [1] These transducers are driven by their matching electronics, the SONDA 007CX pulser and receiver system. The dimensions of the piezoceramic elements of the QMI air-coupled transducers range from 3/4" to 1" diameter and the focal length is typically 1" to 2". Figure 2 shows a photo of the transducers and a representative field profile of a 400 kHz, 1" diameter transducer with a focal length of 2 inches. The focal spot size (FWHM) of this transducer is about 1/10 center frequency and apodized inches. The beam profile images are obtained using a planar transducer of the same to a small aperture of 1/32 inches diameter as a point receiver. Fig. 1 Piezoceramic air-coupled transducers and field profile of a focused probe. The QMI air-coupled UT system uses a toneburst excitation on the transmitting transducer and has a built-in low noise preamplifier in the receiver transducer. The received signal is typically a sinusoidal wave train of approximately 40 to 80 μs. The FFT frequency spectrum of a 120 kHz time domain signal shows that the 6dB bandwidth is approximately ±10% of the center frequency. Penetration Power of Air-Coupled Ultrasound: When air-coupled ultrasound is used in the NDE of aerospace materials and components, a deciding factor for the successful application is the penetrating power of the waves. The orders of magnitude difference between the acoustic impedance of air (420 Rayl) and that of structural materials (17 MRayl for aluminum and 4.8 MRayl for CFRP) is the fundamental cause for the highly inefficient transmission of air-coupled ultrasound through solid materials. Based on the classical formula of transmission coefficient through a material of acoustic impedance Z2 surrounded by a material of acoustic impedance Z1, T = 4Z1Z2 / (Z1 + Z2 ), (1) the insertion loss would be approximately 80 dB for aluminum and 70 dB for CFRP in air. For a solid plate of finite thickness d, the transmission coefficient [7] is given by:


This paper presents a method for generating the gaze pattern of a robot while it is talking. The goal is to prevent the robot's conversational partner from interrupting the robot at inappropriate moments. The proposed approach has two steps: First, the robot's utterance are split into meaningful parts. Then, for each of these parts, the robot performs or avoids eyes contact with the partner. The generated gaze pattern indicates the conversational partner that the robot has finished talking or not. To measure the efficiency of the approach, we propose to use speech overlap during conversations and average response time. Preliminary results showed that setting a gaze pattern for a robot with a very human-like appearance is not straight forward as we did not find satisfying parameters.


To make use of methods of the statistical feature and the analogy prediction, some earthquake swarms and foreshock sequences with typical prediction sense occurred in Liaoning in the past are studied in detail. The results show that there are a lot of obvious differences between foreshock sequence and precursory earthquake swarms. Their nature and precursory characteristics are distinct. The nature and precursory characteristics of pre seismic sequence of M S 5.6 earthquake occurred in Xiuyan Haicheng in 1999 are similar to that of foreshock sequence of M S7.3 earthquake occurred at Haicheng in 1975, both of them belong to foreshock sequence. Meanwhile, the research results also include the methods for judging of earthquake sequences and the problems necessary to pay attention.


The low-molecular-weight curdlan exhibit unique biological and pharmacological activities. In this paper, the research progress of acid hydrolysis、enzymatic hydrolysis, ultrasonic degradation and GPC fractionation of curdlan are reviewed.


Background/purpose: Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is potentially useful for the treatment of non‐melanoma skin cancer and other skin diseases. We investigated the therapeutic effects of PDT using topical application of aluminum phthalocyanine chloride (AlClPc) and a diode laser emitting at 670 nm in murine non‐melanoma skin carcinomas.


This paper studies on the impact of LC filter parameters on the load-side output of three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) under variable loading conditions. In practice, variable active and reactive load powers have to be met up by VSI based stand-alone system. In this context, the output-side passive parameters of LC filter plays beneficial role for reducing harmonic levels at the load terminals. But, the improper choice of the LC filter parameters can restrict the range of operation of VSI under variable isolated loading conditions. Therefore, this paper focuses on the investigation of the output power limit by the designed values of LC parameters. The influencing factors, design steps of LC filter are presented in the paper to justify the obtained result. The MATLAB-SIMULINK 2014b software is used to study the above said effects.


Economic uncertainty and economic instability would significantly affect operational performance of commercial banks in postcrisis era.Foreign scholars have carried out a great deal of researches about the effects of economic uncertainty on credit risk,asset allocation and lending behavior of commercial banks.This article offers a review of literature on these aspects mentioned above.


In order to improve the security of the Military kinds of network this work is proposed. Here the position of missile navigates as per the user's requirement. The user sends the co-ordinates through pc based server on the base station. For security purpose encryption is done with RC4algorithm implementation. The system that uses Human Computer Interaction and Visualization technology provides several encryption algorithms and key generators. Keywords— missile navigation, RC4 algorithm, VNC, PN sequence, USB, encryption INTRODUCTION In today's world enemy warfare is an important factor of any nation's security. The national security mainly depends on army (ground), navy (sea), air-force (air).The important and vital role is played by the army's artillery such as scud missile, Bo force guns etc. As the name suggests we are making a secure Navigation of Missile using encryption based RC4 algorithm. This is done with the use of an encryption key. This encryption key specifies how the message is to be encoded. An authorized party is able to decode the cipher text using a decryption algorithm, which usually requires a secret decryption key that adversaries do not have access to. There are various types of encryption as AES, DES, and RC4 Algorithm etc. Encryption has long been used by militaries and governments to facilitate secret communication. An encryption based on chaos and AES algorithm [1]where the design and realization of an encryption system is based on the algorithm on ARM(S3C6410), which can encrypt and decrypt the information in many kinds of memorizers, such as UDisk, SD card and mobile HDD. The system that uses Human-Computer Interaction and Visualization technology provides several encryption algorithms and key generators. In this paper, they designed and implemented an encryption system to encrypt the stored data based on ARM (S3C6410). The PN sequences with good properties are generated from chaotic map and the system provides two kinds of encryption algorithm, one is stream cipher with XOR operation, the other is a hybrid algorithm of AES and chaos. In order to improve the security of the private information in memorizer, an encryption algorithm, which inherits the advantages of chaotic encryption, stream cipher and AES algorithm, is proposed in this paper. The chaotic selective encryption of compressed video (CS ECV) exploits the characteristics of the compressed video [2]. Encryption is needed to protect the multimedia data. Compared with text encryption; multimedia encryption has some unique characteristics, such as the large size, high throughput, and real-time processing. An efficient, secure, and lightweight encryption algorithm is desirable to protect the compressed video. A video clip is generally compressed in a transform Domain with some type of entropy coding. To protect a compressed video, encryption techniques can be applied to the original data, such as block swapping, or the data can be transformed using DCT or wavelet coefficients, entropy-coded bit streams, or format headers. The encryption has three separate layers that can be selected according to the security needs of the application and the processing capability of the client computer. The chaotic pseudo-random sequence generator used to generate the key-sequence to randomize the important fields in the compressed video stream has its parameters encrypted by an asymmetric cipher and placed into the stream. The resulting stream is still a valid video stream. CSECV has significant advantages over existing algorithms for security, decryption speed, implementation flexibility, and error preservation. The paper presents the design and implementation of a software application for the provision of secure real time communication services between workstations, based on the AES prototype cryptographic algorithm and an advanced secret key management system [3]. The application has been designed based on the requirements of a military unit, so as to allow groups of authenticated users to International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 2, Issue 4, June-July, 2014 ISSN 2091-2730 399 www.ijergs.org communicate and read the transmitted messages. This application can be used as the basis for the design of an integrated communication system for a military organization. The present design confines its operation within the limits of a local area network, but the possibilities are open for operation in extended networks or the internet. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the most secure symmetric encryption technique that has gained worldwide acceptance. ―FPGA implementations of advanced Encryption standard: a survey‖ presents the AES based on the Rijndael Algorithm which is an efficient cryptographic technique that includes generation of ciphers for encryption and inverse ciphers for decryption[4]. Higher security and speed of encryption/decryption is ensured by operations like Sub Bytes (S-box)/Inv. (Inv.S-box), Mix Columns/Inv. Mix Columns and Key Scheduling. Extensive research has been conducted into development of S-box /Inv. S-Box and Mix Columns/Inv. Mix Columns on dedicated ASIC and FPGA to speed up the AES algorithm and to reduce circuit area. This is an attempt, to survey in detail, the work conducted in the aforesaid fields. The prime focus is on the FPGA implementations of optimized novel hardware architectures and algorithms. Fault attacks are powerful and efficient cryptanalysis techniques to find the secret key of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm [5]. The paper shows that these attacks are based on injecting faults into the structure of the AES to obtain the confidential information. To protect the AES implementation against these attacks, a number of counter measures have been proposed. In this paper, a fault detection scheme for the Advanced Encryption Standard is proposed. They present its details implementation in each transformation of the AES. The simulation results show that the fault coverage achieves 99.999% for the proposed scheme. Moreover, the proposed fault detection scheme has been implemented on Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA. Its area overhead and frequency degradation have been compared and it is shown that the proposed scheme achieves a good performance in terms of area and frequency.


This paper provides a broad discussion of positive externalities from high corporate governance standards. It emphasizes the idea that improvements in governance standards at one company make its information flow more reliable as a benchmark and thereby alter the cost-benefit analysis of improvements in governance at other companies. The result is the existence of multiple Pareto ranked equilibria. This provides a role for coordinating institutions in the evolution of corporate governance standards to avoid that companies get stuck in an equilibrium with low standards. These considerations are demonstrated by the introduction of the choice of board independence into the model of costly, but unobservable managerial effort provision with two firms facing a common shock.


—We introduce reachability analysis for the formal examination of robots. We propose a novel identification method, which preserves reachset conformance of linear systems. We additionally propose a simultaneous identification and control synthesis scheme to obtain optimal controllers with formal guarantees. In a case study, we examine the effectiveness of using reachability analysis to synthesize a state-feedback controller, a velocity observer


The purpose of making this project is to reduce the very harmful noise produce by the commercial aircrafts. The most of noise of aircraft is only produce by the aircraft engines. In commercial aircraft usually Turbo-fan use as gas turbine engine for producing thrust. In turbo-fan engines mostly uses convergent type nozzle. Chevron convergent Nozzle in currently very useful as a noise prevent nozzle for passenger aircrafts. The main noise produce sources arise in the Fan or Compressor, Turbine, nozzle and the exhaust jet (jet flows) in jet engine. Jet exhaust noise is created by the disturbance occur in turbulent mixing of the exhaust gases with the surrounding and its effected by the shearing action caused by the relative velocity between the jet exhaust and the surrounding. There are many attempt is made to understand the effect of various geometric parameters (design) of a chevron nozzle and similar like on noise prevention. This project shows the acoustics effects on chevron nozzle with various changes in geometry like including different number of chevrons tooth & changing the shapes of tooths also giving the appropriate nozzle among that which have nice output compare to others.


Gianyar regency is the centre of micro and mid-micro industry (IKM) in bali which gives a big  contribution toward Product Domestic Regional Bruto (PDRB) and devisa} to gianyar. This research aims to find out the investment needs of  which industrial sector that is considered to be a basic sector industry to determine OVOP from 2013-2016. Data that are used in this research is came from BPS, department of industry and commerce and also relevant agencies. This research used Location Quotient (LQ) and Incremental Capital Outpu RatiotI (ICOR) analysis technique. From this research, it can be known that from each sub district there are 1 to 5 basic sectors and wooden handmade furniture is determined to be a basic sector that is most seen in each sub district of gianyar. The investment needs value from 2013 to 2016 can be estimated from Rp. 47.755.780 billion to Rp. 68.088.251.000 billion which have been distributed to each sub district in gianyar.


Abstract Although over the years, technical systems (equipment) have been evolving, most of the occurrences in the aviation industry, namely in the ground-handling area, are related to human error, constituting a neglected topic in aviation safety. Since one works 24 h a day and 7 days a week in the aviation industry, the shift work system is the most viable and (only) option to solve this problem, making fatigue an important and quite significant safety issue. Currently, the performance and alertness of ramp workers continue to be negatively affected by fatigue, increasing the risk of accidents/incidents. In this sense, the overall objective of this study was to establish and propose a first attempt to develop a Fatigue Management System, designed to prevent ramp workers from performing their tasks when fatigued and to take appropriate mitigation actions to minimize the consequences of fatigue caused by shift work. Despite not being exhaustive, this approach may also provide good guidance for future research in this field since fatigue is not associated with sleep disorders only.


Formic acid is a ubiquitous constituent of the atmospheric gas and of precipitation, but itssources and their fluxes are poorly understood. One source not previously examined, emissionsfrom formicine ants, IS assessed in this work, and it is shown that, except in urban areas andparticularly in tropical areas, these ants may be a significant source of the formic acid found insome parts of the continental troposphere. This process could thus provide a new example of apotentially strong interaction linking the biosphere and the atmosphere. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1988.tb00107.x


Randomized trials can show whether a treatment effect is statistically significant and can describe the size of the effect. There are, however, no validated methods available for establishing the clinical relevance of these outcomes. Recently, it was proposed that a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.50 be used as cutoff for clinical relevance in the treatment of depression.


The author analyses· the processes of policy formulation, development and implementation in India to show as to how various political and administrative institutions involved therein affect the domestic policy. While examining inter alia the role of bureaucracy in public policy development in India, he discusses various factors which, according to him, account for problems witnessed in the areas. He also suggests few measures to remedy the situation.


The effect of beta -irradiation on the ciliary movements of the ciliated epithelial cells of humans and rabbits in irrigation culture was observed microcinematographically. In irrigation cultures at 37 deg C, the ciliated epithelial cells of the human maxiallary sinus showed the to-and-fro movement 7.8 times per sec on the average. After irradiations at 50 to 100 r on the ciliated epithelial cells of the human maxillary sinus, the ciliary movement was observed to become a little less active. The ciliated epithelial tissue in the maxillary sinus of the rabbit also showed to-and-fro movement. Immediately after irradiations ranging from 700 to 1400 r. the rate of ciliary movement decreased appreciably. No morphological changes were observed. After irradiation by 2800 r the ciliary movement clearly decreased. and it ceased completely about 4 hr after irradiation. Degeneration and desquamation of the epithelial cells were observed simultaneously. As for the individual differences of rabbit maxiliary sinus, no significant radiosensitivity was observed. (Abstr. Japan Med., 1: No. 2,


Trachyspermum ammi L. (Apiaceae) commonly known as ajwain is an important medicinal, aromatic and spice plant. It was originated in Egypt and widely distributed throughout the World. Ajwain seeds yield 2-5% brownish essential oil, with thymol as the major constituent along with p-cymene, γterpinene, α-pinene, β-pinene and α-terpinene. Due to presence of various chemical constituents in ajwain, various biological and pharmacological properties have been reported. The present study is an effort to collect all the information regarding chemical composition and biological activities of ajwain.


The paper under review is a summary of the doctorate and postdoc investigation of the history of vocational education in Kazan, written by ass. prof. Magsumov T.A., Ph.D.


The current Internet is an open global interconnected system and lacks of the
 systematic securitydesign. Most security issues of current Internet are due to the
 drawbacks of the original design oftraditional Internet. Besides, some optional security
 mechanisms are independent without enough cooperativemechanism. Therefore, it
 facilitates the network attacks and brings various security threatsto network services.
 In this paper we design a security management mechanism and several relevantevaluation
 methods under Universal Identifier Network (UIN) architecture, aiming to provide a
 finergranularity, adaptive network security management system, which consists of the
 following features:(1) supporting multi-dimensional properties description by
 introducing the detailed user and serviceclassification; (2) supporting the label-based
 policy-driven management mechanism in perspective ofuser and service to provide the fine
 granularity access control; (3) providing the multi-dimensionalevaluation metrics. The
 proposed label-based security management and evaluation methods will providegreat
 benefits for the future network security.


This paper discussed the dimensional simulation of regional agricultural climate elements based on Arcview GIS. A certain extent, agriculture was based on climate, and getting the regional agricultural climate elements was difficult because the weather stations was not enough. Based on the Arcview GIS and the computative matrix of agricultural climate elements,It could get the values of the main regional agricultural climate elements and could express the results with graphics or others.


This study was taken from the thesis that aims to analyze how big Influence of Motivation and Learning Method of the Achievement of Student Learning Program Computerized Accounting Polytechnic LP3I Jakarta Campus Blok M "study was conducted that indicated that student achievement of students having a bit of trouble and it was suspected because they elmahnya motivation and learning methods dilakukakan by students concerned The sampling method used is the technique of sampling Sampling saturated namely by taking them as a population of 50 samples. Data that has met the test of validity and reliability further processed to produce a regression equation Y = 0.850 + 0645 + 0117 X2 X1, which wherein Y is variable learning achievement, X1 is a variable of learning motivation and X2 is variable learning method Motivation to learn is partially positive effect on learning achievement indicated by the r value of 0.682, which means a strong relationship between them. The learning method is partially positive effect on learning achievement indicated by the r value of 0.458 which means the relationship between them is very strong. Variables simultaneously teaching and learning media capabilities have a significant impact on the learning citizen satisfaction shown by the r value of 0.687 which means the relationship between them is very strong. While the coefficient of determination R-square value of 0, 4719, which means that the variation of all the independent variables that motivation to learn and learning methods may explain the variable student achievement by 47.19%, while the remaining 52.81% is explained by other variables that are not submitted within this research.


The water quality of Taizhou area was appraised by fuzzy synthetic assessment (FSA) method.Taking Changtan et al nine reservoirs as sample carried on the computation,the analysis to each appraisal factor.The result showed that the whole water quality was good in Taizhou,besides East Lake was IV kind of water,other all tor three kinds,suiting the people to survive and product,finally put forward the corresponding proposal according to the measure results.


Among the most important values, which come forward as pre-conditions of external and internal openness of man's personality life, the special place belongs to the trust. In the article altruism potential of trust is investigated in the context of philosophy of P. Sztompka's trust. A trust is one of ascending ontological foundations of human life and creates terms for authentic coexistence of cultural association. It is proved that without a trust as value and norm of coexistence unattainable social partnership is unachievable. Sincerity as constituent of communicativeness becomes meaningful on condition of capacity for trustful subject-subject relations, dialogic co-operation. The essence openness of man to surrounding life appears as a process, based on free self-determination.


CITATION: Smith, N., De Klerk, H.M., Schloms, B.H.A. Weisz, E. & Huang, A. 2013. Towards a multi-instrument analysis of atmospheric composition in fire driven ecosystems. EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, 16-20 November, Vienna.


Six modes of source-connected and self-excited induction generator operation including both voltage (VSI) and current (CSI) inverter systems are reviewed and compared. Equivalent circuits to represent each mode are presented and the use of the circuits to model steady state performance is illustrated. The analysis clearly shows the fundamental importance of main flux saturation in the self-excited cases as compared to its secondary importance in source-connected systems. General properties of regeneration and self-excitation are derived to illustrate the basic similarities and differences between the various modes. Experimental results which support the validity of the models used in the study are included.


Ceramic oxide coatings were formed on 7A55 aluminium alloy surface by micro-arc oxidation(MAO) at the constant current density of 6A/dm2 in Na2SiO3-NaOH-(NaPO3)6 solution.The effects of oxidation time on surface microphologies,thickness and phase composition of the micro-arc oxidation coatings were investigated.The results indicate that with increasing oxidation time,anodic voltage increases gradually and the number of micropores of the MAO coatings decreases while the size of the micropores increases with constant electrical parameters(i= 6A/dm2,D=30% and f=1000Hz).The thickness of the coatings increases lineally with oxidation time increasing.The MAO coatings is mainly composed of γ-Al2O3.


Recently, the Korean Government is driving the construction of Jangbogo Station, the Korea"s second Antarctic station, to expand the Antarctic research activities. It is scheduled to be constructed in the Antarctic coast, Terra Nova Bay from 2012 and researcher group has visited construction site to investigate field condition with the Temporary Camps. This Temporary Camps are the first Antarctica architecture of Korea and it uses prefab method due to the short construction period, severe climate and other reasons. This paper treats the Temporary Camps from design to manufacture phase and the purpose is to build a data base for the Antarctic architecture construction. The Temporary Camps have been manufactured using unit box modular as prefabrication architecture and constructed for researcher as a shelter last winter. The reason of selection unit box is to save construction period and transportation. And the verification of unit box method in Antarctic is also this paper"s purpose because the Jangbogo Station is adopting the same construction method. They have transported from domestic factory to Terra Nova Bay and the route to site is very far. Motor vehicles, icebreaker ship, Araon, and the helicopter has taken to move them and component of the Temporary Camps, wall, roof, window has been divided to small parts enough to carry without heavy construction machine. The flexible plan, storage space, window shape, colour plan, daylighting, thermal performance, structure stiffness are the major considered points when the camp was designed and heat tranmission coefficient of wall, window is 0.14kW/m2K, 0.8kW/m2K. The manufacture period in domestic took over twenty days and the cost rate of manufacture, transportation, and construction is 0.71, 0.25, 0.04 respectively and the index of manufactured development and factory cost rate is 0.73, 0.72 respectively.


A method of determination of lead in soil sample by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(ZAAS) were described.Soil samples were treated with wet digestion,by optimizing the experimental conditions as such using matrix,the accuracy and precision of the method were improved.The results showed that the linear range of this method were 0.0~50.0 μg/L;the detection limit of the soil were 0.21 mg/kg;the mean recovery rate of the soil were 82.6%~94.4%.It concluded this method can be used widely for it were accurate and precise with few interference factor.


In Mobile Adhoc Networks fixed infrastructure is unavailable. Limitation of MANET is it suffers from network partitioning. Autonomous Mobile Mesh Networks (AMMNET) is a collection of client nodes and routers deployed in its location. Due to mobility, movement of nodes and routers takes place. Nowadays Autonomous Mobile Mesh Networks make use of inter group router, intra group router, free router, bridge router for communication between client nodes in every application. AMMNET supports inter group router to prevent network partitioning. The simulation results indicate that dynamic authentication can be provided in the topology with free routers to find the missing client and to provide secure communication.


Synthesis of 2-(alkyl and aryl)thiazolo[4,5-b]quinoxaline derivatives has been achieved by reacting 2, 3-dichloroquinoxaline derivatives with various thiocarboxylic acid amides. The resulting compounds have been studied for their fluorescent properties. Some of these compounds have been applied as fluorescent dyes on polyester fiber having fair dyeing properties.


Verrucous carcinoma is a variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Although this tumor is well-documented in the oral cavity, its occurrence on the glans penis is rare. It is a relatively nonaggressive tumor which seldom metastasizes to the


The binding energy spectra for the valence orbitals of hydrogen chloride have been obtained using the binary (e,2e) method at 1200 eV. The strength of the innermost valence orbital (4σ) is severely split among several ion states in the energy range 25 to 41 eV. The measured cross sections are compared with results of calculations using contracted Gaussian basis sets of double-zeta quality, and with a one-particle Green's function calculation.


This paper presents the tools for carrying out the fiscal budget in Romania. An effective fiscal policy involves increasing budget revenues and reduce their costs of collection. Public expenditure, taxes and debt are tools of fiscal policy to achieve economic stability budget. They are also presented the inter dependencies between fiscal policy and budget.


Coffee is the beverage resulting from the infusion of roasted and ground seeds of the coffee fruit. It is one of the most commercialized products in the world and represents a high interest agro-industrial product in Mexico. The demand for this product has grown in great measure in the last decade, thus it is becoming more important to make environmental and energetic evaluations of its manufacturing process. In this sense, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a useful tool for the purposes of this study, as it quantifies the wake of environmental impacts associated to the production and supply chain from its inputs and outputs of the product system. Therefore, the impact categories studied were carbon, energetic, and water footprints. The cultivation phase led to global contributions between 61% and 67% in magnitude for energy and carbon footprints, respectively; meanwhile, the coffee benefit process was the phase with the most contributions to the water footprint (54%). The residual biomass from the product system used as the energy supply within the coffee drying sub-phase represented energy savings of around 41% in comparison to the use of conventional fossil fuels, thus reducing the global impact associated to the system's product.


When a young psychiatrist by the name of Elizabeth K€ ubler-Ross was collecting data for her project on dying in America in the 1960s, she went to floor after floor of a hospital asking the staff whether she could talk to dying patients. "There is no one dying on our floor," was the answer she received on every floor, until she covered the whole 600-bed hospital. She then realized what the problem was: despite the fact that about 75% of Americans died in hospitals, hospital staff were very uncomfortable with death and dying, and were effectively refusing her the opportunity to talk to the dying patients about their experience. K€ ubler-Ross's book On Death and Dying, published in 1969, became a catalyst for a subsequent change in public and professional attitudes to death, dying and grief. Over the past 50 years, we have come a long way in the treatment and options available to critically ill patients in the United States. Since the opening of the first hospice in Connecticut in 1974, there are now close to 6,000 hospice programs nation-wide, serving more than 1.5 million patients, the vast majority of them being Medicare recipients. The Medicare Hospice benefit was initiated by Congress in 1982 and made permanent in 1986, with further provisions hammered down in 1993. It pays on a per diem basis irrespective of the kind of care provided. According to the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, about half of the Medicare recipients who died in 2016 received at least one day of hospice care. While these averages hide many regional and racial differences in hospice use, they are nevertheless a powerful illustration of the quiet revolution that took place since the original publication of Elizabeth K€ ubler-Ross's book. Hospice care, which takes place outside of hospitals, was analysed by Roi Livne in an earlier publication. In that work, he frames the 1 This story is told by Elizabeth K€ ublerRoss in an interview that appears in a documentary Pioneers of Hospice: Changing the Face of Dying (2005). 2 Elizabeth K€ ubler-Ross, 1969. On Death and Dying (New York NY, The Macmillan Company). 3 In the US, close to one-half of hospice care deaths occur in the patient's home, and another third in nursing homes; in-hospice deaths account for less than 15% of all hospice deaths: National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, 2017. Facts and Figures: Hospice Care in America [https:// www.nhpco.org/research/]. 4 Roi Livne, 2014. "Economies of Dying: the Moralization of Economic Scarcity in U.S. Hospice Care", American Sociological Review, 79 (5): 888-911.


A linear numerical model of the structural characteristics of deployable reflectors was developed. Due to cyclic symmetry of the reflector structure about its axis, only one of many segments is modeled using finite elements. The succeeding segments satisfy continuity of displacement and slope at the interface between consecutive segments. This process leads to (N/2+1) static or dynamic problems of smaller order and bandwidth where N is the number of segments. The solution of each reduced problem leads to motions having a distinct circumferential wave number. The dynamic coupling to the feed support structure is studied adopting modal synthesis.


ABSTRACT A new squat lobster of the genus Munida was collected during on-going deep-sea expeditions around Taiwan. The new species, Munida rupicola, belongs to the group containing M. microps Alcock, 1894, M. africana Balss, 1913, M. profunda Macpherson & de Saint Laurent, 1991, M. rubella Macpherson & de Saint Laurent, 1991, and M. rubrovata Macpherson & de Saint Laurent, 1991, but is distinct in the combination of the following characters: carapace lacking secondary striae, supraocular spines subparallel, distomesial spine of the second antennal segment not overreaching antennal peduncle, merus of third maxilliped with three marginal spines on flexor margin, and the carpus of cheliped slightly more than 2.5 times as long as wide. The coloration of this new species is illustrated.


The lithium-ion battery tester using single chip microcomputer as a controlling core has been introduced on design ideas,functions and designs of hardware circuit and testing software as well.


The Immigration Restriction Act of 1901 was one of the earliest acts of the Australian Federal Parliament. In restricting the immigration to Australia of 'Aboriginal natives of Asia, Africa and the Pacific Islands' it was one of the most defining features of the new nation. Bordering the Indian Ocean on the west, the Pacific Ocean on the east and with the islands of South East Asia only a short sea voyage to its north, the new nation cut itself off from the peoples of adjacent lands. Australia was to be reserved for 'the white man'. This policy was not a national idiosyncrasy, but was in tune with the policies of other white settler nations of the day. As Lake and Martens have shown, the device used to bar 'coloured' migrants and travellers, the dictation test, was crafted in a transnational arena by legislators in Natal and New South Wales, by British Colonial Office personnel, by British politicians and by officials in Mississippi.


Aalto, Alvar. Acoustics. Air conditioning. Air supported structures. Airtightness and IAQ. Aluminium. Ando, Tadao. Arup, Sir Ove Nyquist. Atrium. Automated manufacture and construction. Beams. Bespoke. Bracing. Bricks and blocks. Bricks and blocks -- finishes. Buildability. Building management systems (BMS). Building systems. Cable nets. Calatrava, Santiago. Cantilevers. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Cardboard. Castings. Cavity. Ceilings (OPC). Cement. Ceramics. Cladding. Cladding -- components. Columns. Composite decking. Composite materials. Composite panels. Concrete. Concrete -- finishes. Concrete -- structures. Condensation. Connections. Construction programme. Copper. Core (services). Core (structural). Corrosion. COR--TEN(r) (weathering steel). Critical path analysis. Design life. Dry construction and wet construction. Durability. Dynamic thermal simulation. Earth construction. Ecological design. a Eco--pointsa . Energy efficiency. Environmental design. Epoxy. ETFE. Fabric energy storage. Facades and facade engineering. Fire engineering. Fire protection. Fit--out. Floors. Foster, Sir Norman. Foundations. Frame. Galvanising. Glass. Glass -- laminated and coated. Glass -- structural glazing. GRC (glass fibre reinforced concrete). Grass (a greena ) roofs. Grids for structure and layout. Grimshaw, Nicholas. Gropius, Walter. Happold, Ted and Buro Happold. HVAC. Heat recovery. Herzog & De Meuron. High--tech. a Honestya . Hopkins, Michael and Patty. ICT in buildings. Insulation. Integration. Intelligent facades and materials. Intumescent paint. Jiricna, Eva. a Just--in--timea construction. Kahn, Louis. Lautner, John. Le Corbusier. Lead. Lead--time. a Leana construction. Life--cycle analysis (LCA). Life--cycle costing. Light steel frame. Lighting -- daylighting. Lighting -- artificial lighting. Louvres and brise soleil. Lubetkin, Berthold. Maintenance. Metals. Mineral fibres. Modules and modular construction. Mortars, cement and lime. Nervi, Pier Luigi. Neutra, Richard. Niemeyer, Oscar. Night ventilation. Nouvel, Jean. Off site manufacture. On site production. Otto, Frei. Overcladding. Oversizing. Performance. Permeability. Phase change materials. Photovoltaics (PV). Piano, Renzo. Plasterboard. Plastics. Plastics -- fabrication. Plastics -- types. Plastics for adhesives and finishes. Pods. Procurement. Profiled metal decking. Proprietary goods and standardisation. Prouve, Jean. Recycling. Retaining walls. Rice, Peter. Risers and trunking. Risk management. Ritchie, Ian. Rogers, Richard (Lord Rogers of Riverside). Roofs. Scarpa, Carlo. Schindler, RM. Sealants. Services. Sick building syndrome (SBS). Single ply membranes. Siza, Alvaro. Solar panels. Specification. Stack effect. Stainless steel. Standing seam roof. Stone. Structural steel. Surface finishes. Sustainability. Technology transfer. Textile membrane roofs. Thermal bridging. Thermal comfort. Thermolabyrinths. Timber. Timber -- hardwoods and softwoods. Timber -- laminated timber. Timber -- manufactured boards. Timber -- production and finishes. Timber -- structures. Tolerance. Trombe wall Value engineering (VE). van der Rohe, Mies. Ventilation. von Gerkan & Marg. Walls. Water management and drainage. Weathering. Wind towers. Windows and curtain walling. Wright, Frank Lloyd. Yeang, Ken. Zinc.


Public transportation in Jakarta is one of the leading facilities which currently being improved by the local government. Transportation facilities in Jakarta are now being strived to be integrated. However, not all areas in Jakarta have access to public transportation. This study aim to show how public transportation, especially in Central Jakarta, can be reached by pedestrians. This research used a geographic information system-based approach for assessing pedestrian accessibility in metropolitan areas, focusing on access to public transportation stops and stations. This methodology attempts to provide integrated methods to urban planning and mobility planning and decision-making assistance, with the dual goals: (1) supporting sustainable and non-motorized mobility, and (2) also boosting the appeal of public transportation. There are two main steps in method. First, identify the pedestrian walking zone of urban spaces around public transportation nodes; and second, mapping the access times to create a detailed pedestrian isochrones, and calculate how residents (or how many opportunities and facilities) are well served by the public transportation system to measure accessibility levels. This study indicates that some of the main areas already have integrated public transportation facilities, but the stopping distance is quite burdensome for pedestrians to access.


The high-field magnetization measurements of Zn- and Ga-doped sintered Bi-based compounds were carried out in a 40 T high-field facility. The critical current density and the flux pinning force of the Bi-series oxide superconductors were calculated using Bean's critical state model. It is found that both the critical current density and the flux pinning force of the Zn-doped oxide compounds are decreased slightly with increasing Zn content. However, the critical current density and the flux pinning force of the Ga-doped oxide superconductors diminish significantly with enhancement of dopant content. It seems that the superconductivity of Bi-series superconductors is much more severely destroyed by a trivalent dopant than by a divalent one.


CYBER-PHYSICAL MANUFACTURING METROLOGY MODEL (CPM3) Prof. Dr. Vidosav D. Majstorovic, Dr. Srdjan Živkovic, Dr. Slavenko Stojadinovic INDUSTRY 4.0 PLATFORM ACTIVITIES IN HUNGARY, PAST – PRESENT - PLANS Geza Haidegger, PhD., Imre Paniti, PhD.
PREDICTION OF NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF THE TOOL CONTROLLED MODE USING SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES Prof. Dr Cica Dj., Prof. Dr Zeljkovic M., M.Sc. Sredanovic B., Dr. Borojevic S.
MODELING OF CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS USING UML PROFILES Prof. Dr. Batchkova I. A., Eng. Ivanova Tz., Eng. Chernev V. MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT - THE SMART BACKBONE OF INDUSTRY 4.0 M.Sc. Filipov V., PhD Vasilev P. DOMINANT TECHNOLOGIES IN "INDUSTRY 4.0"
MATHEMATICAL MODELING AS A KEY TO SYSTEM ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY Prof., Dr. Tech. Sci. Firsov A.N. NITROGEN ION IMPLANTATION OF CHROMIUM CONTAINING MARTENSITE STEELS: PRELIMINARY SURFACE PROCESSING AND DOSE RATE INFLUENCE A.V. Byeli., V.A. Kukareko, A.N. Karpovich ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS WITH BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS, A CHALLENGING APPROACH IN INDIVIDUALIZED PRODUCTION IN MEDICAL ENGINEERING MSc. Ali Abdolahi, Prof. Dr. Britta Nestler, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rudiger Haas GENERALIZED ALGORITHM FOR NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND MULTICRITERIA OPTIMIZATION OF MULTIPARAMETRIC REGRESSION MODELS Antonia Toncheva, David Stoilkovski, Nikolay Tontchev BUSINESS & "INDUSTRY 4.0"
INFORMATION AS A STRATEGIC RESOURCE FOR PROTECTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SECURITY Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Zhavoronkova G., PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, Zhavoronkov V. PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, Klymenko V.
THE ISSUE OF MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION PROCESSES IN MODERN ENTERPRISES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STANDARD OF INDUSTRY 4.0 M.Sc. Juhas P., M.Sc. Molnar K., M.Sc. Izsak P.
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER INDUSTRY 4 Assoc. prof. Eng. Bushev S. PhD. SOCIETY & "INDUSTRY 4.0"
COMPANIES OF FUEL-ENERGY COMPLEX IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: SOCIAL INNOVATION Prof. dr. Zaborovskaia O.
CORRELATION BETWEEN EUROPEAN SMART CITIES AND REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS Nick G.A. ETHNO-RELIGIOUS VARIETY AS A STRATEGIC STAKE OF MODERN DEVELOPMENT Assoc. Prof. Dr Bosakov, V.


Tuberculosis (TB) is a well-known public health priority, involving thousands of physicians and nurses all over the world in a difficult diagnostic and treatment process. While in high TB (and HIV) prevalence settings, the disease is well known by all health staff categories, in the low TB incidence countries of Europe tuberculosis is becoming less and less prevalent over the last decades. The main consequence of these epidemiological changes is that the new generations of physicians are less and less frequently confronted with this disease, and delays in diagnosis (leading to further transmission in the community) are becoming, unfortunately, common. Furthermore, mistakes in its clinical management (e.g. regimen choice and duration, drug dosage, management of adverse events, etc.) are also described in the recent literature. There is obvious need to keep TB inmind in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary diseases, and to ensure then that a correct diagnosis and treatment process is implemented. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the main scientific societies, ERS (European Respiratory Society) included, have developed excellent guidelines on how to diagnose and treat tuberculosis, and International Standards for TB Care exist to guide the clinician in this difficult task. In a way, the diagnostic approach to manage the patient with chronic cough is well described (being based on bacteriology with the support of chest radiograph), and the treatment is standardised, its selection depending on the patient's infectiousness and presence/absence of previous treatment history. Although the pulmonary patient is the most relevant for transmission and the commonest, TB affects, unfortunately, all organs in the human body. Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is often complicated, as well as its clinical management. This book by Tosaddak Ahmed (Difficult Diagnosis & Management of Tuberculosis. Made Easy1), published by Yaypee, is really useful for clinicians who want to improve their skills in managing difficult TB cases. Derived from the author's huge experience in TB among inand out-patients managed at King Fahad District General Hospital at Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia, the book is really easy to read and use, being accompanied by a CD-ROM including quality images which perfectly complement the text. The book, after introducing briefly the WHO-recommended standard approach to TB treatment, proposes seven chapters. The first chapter is on ''TB of lungs and other organs'', and includes interesting cases going from miliary and endobronchial TB to testicular disease with dissemination. The following chapters cover ''TB of lymphnodes'', ''bones and joints'' (19 cases are discussed), ''pleura and pericardium'', ''central nervous system'' and ''abdomen''. The last chapter covers nine ''disseminated TB and miscellaneous'' cases. Overall, the author guides the reader to diagnose and treat 65 atypical cases, offering an extremely useful tool for young (and less young) specialists dealing with TB. HERMES syllabus link: module B.4 G.B. Migliori


* Electronically, on CD-ROM, Stith Thompson online, and/or magnetic tape This classic six-volume reference is --a broad range of ProQuest now available on CD-ROM databases available including (minimum system requirements: IBM abstract-and-index, ASCII full-text, and innovative PC or compatible; 512K RAM; full-image format 400K available hard disk space; ISO 9660 [the standard] compatible Call toll-free 800-521-0600, ext. 2888, for more CD-ROM drive). Technical support information, or fill out the coupon below: included.


Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is defined as a condition when the reflux of gastric content causes troublesome symptoms or complications. Gastro-oesophageal reflux is associated with numerous pathologic conditions of the upper aerodigestive tract. GERD can be subclassified into oesophageal and extraoesophageal syndromes. Extraoesophageal manifestations can be either pulmonary or otorhinolaryngological. This review provides an overview of most important extra-oesophageal reflux manifestations in GERD patients.


In this work positively charged polymers based on N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) have been synthesised and investigated in solution, on surfaces and in polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) in combination with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Polymers having thermoresponsive properties at low salt concentrations in solution and when adsorbed onto surfaces were obtained by separating the charged groups from the thermoresponsive part in different blocks within the polymer. The polymers have been synthesised using atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP) of NIPAAm and (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC), which is the cationic monomer. All the block copolymers exhibited a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water between 35 and 39 °C and a positive correlation was found between the LCST and the charge densities of the polymers. It is shown that electrostatic interactions control the adsorption of the prepared polyelectrolytes to SiO2 surfaces and that the block copolymers are thermoresponsive when adsorbed at the solid–liquid interface. PEMs were also assembled with the synthesised polymers and NFC which is a renewable, fibrillar nanomaterial with interesting strength and biocompatibility properties. Even more interestingly it has been found that the formation of the layer-by-layer (LbL) structures of NFC and the block copolymers were demonstrated to have thermal responsivity. This type of thermoresponsive nanocomposite could be used as nano-containers for controlled release or for example in membranes where the permeability could be controlled by the temperature.


Eczema or atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common problem seen in the general paediatric and dermatology clinic. It can be a major problem for the child causing itchiness with resultant scratching and thus soreness, bleeding infection and lichenification. It can adversely affect the quality of life (QoL), academic performance, and social relationships of the child as well as the QoL of their family. The 'once a day oral treatment' is an ideal option to compliment the daily battle of the topical creams and dressings, that can be a challenge for families and their child with eczema. Janus kinase (JAK) 1–selective inhibitors modulate the function of the crucial cytokines that are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Eichenfield LF et al [JAMA Dermatol 2021; doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.2830] have looked at the shortterm efficacy and safety of an oral (JAK) 1–selective inhibitor called abrocitinib, in young adults who have moderatetosevere AD. This is a randomised clinical trial called JADE TEEN using abrocitinib in combination with topical therapy of young adults aged 12 to 17 years with moderatetosevere AD. They had to have had an inadequate response to four consecutive weeks or longer of topical medication. There were 285 subjects (145 boys [50.9%] and 140 girls [49.1%]), who were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive oncedaily oral abrocitinib, 200 mg or 100 mg, or placebo for 12 weeks in combination with topical therapy. They had two primary (co primary) endpoints; achievement of an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) response of clear (0) or almost clear (1) with improvement of 2 or more grades from baseline (IGA 0/1) and 75% or greater improvement from baseline in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI-75) response at week 12. Key secondary end points included 4point or greater improvement in Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PPNRS4) at week 12. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored. The median age was 15 years (IQR 13–17 years). Substantially more patients treated with abrocitinib (200 mg or 100 mg) vs placebo achieved an IGA response of 0/1 (46.2%; 41.6% vs 24.5%; p < 0.05 for both), EASI-75 (72.0%; 68.5% vs 41.5%; p < 0.05 for both), and PPNRS4 (55.4%; 52.6% vs 29.8%; p < 0.01 for 200 mg vs placebo) at week 12. Adverse events were reported for 59 (62.8%), 54 (56.8%), and 50 (52.1%) patients in the 200 mg, 100 mg, and placebo groups, respectively; nausea was more common with abrocitinib, 200 mg (17 [18.1%]) and 100 mg (7 [7.4%]). Herpesrelated AEs were infrequent; 1 (1.1%), 0, and 2 (2.1%) patients had serious AEs. So far options have been monthly subcutaneous injections of cytokine inhibitors or other inflammatory modulators. This is an oral therapy that when combined with topical therapy was significantly more effective than placebo with topical therapy. It also appears to have an acceptable safety profile. We need to know more about the long term impacts of this treatment and more detailed understanding of effect on QoL and other aspects of care and impact on life. This is an important development in eczema management.


Great importance should be attached to non-verbal communication,an essential part in language teaching, which is beneficial to improve teaching quality.Teachers should be good at using non-verbal communication,such as gesture,eye-expression,face expression,fashion,etc to improve the students' leaning excitement.


The book under review is a "history from below" (p. 1) of one ancient Egyptian province. For this micro-historical approach, which is rare in Egyptology, the author chooses one of the best documented areas in Egyptian archaeology—the Cobra province (Wadjet). Grajetzki's work extends from the Badarian (after 4500 BC) to the end of the Second Intermediate Period (1500 BC), and draws on evidence from the cemeteries of Qau, the most important cemeteries in the province, along with written sources, both local and regional, to reconstruct the history of the Wadjet nome (a 'nome' being a conglomeration of small villages, with a central town).


A test has been made of the postulate that interaction between histones H2A and H2B occurs only in the C-terminal domain of H2B and is independent of the N-terminal domain in which the sites of chemical modification occur. Sea urchin sperm H2B's have much extended N-terminal domains when compared to other studied H2B's and the interactions of Sphaerechinus granularis H2B1 with homologous H2A and with calf thymus H2A have been studied. Continuous variation analysis of circular dichroism results indicates that both homologous and heterologous H2A/H2B pairs can cooperatively form complexes, which in all cases involve the same number of helical residues (approximately equal to 80). It is concluded that although the sequence of the N-terminal domain of H2B can indirectly influence the free solution association constant with histone H2A, it does not take part in the interaction.


This article presents results from an anonymous, non-scientific, Web-based poll that aimed to learn more about how libraries and their user groups are using short messaging service reference. The results of this survey present the perspectives of librarians regarding short messaging service reference and will help libraries decide whether to offer this service and learn the best practices. Although short messaging service reference can be easily implemented and has the potential to reach a large user base, libraries face barriers to offering short messaging service reference. These results present librarians' experiences of implementing this new reference tool.


Extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK) such as ERK1 [p44 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and ERK2 (p42 MAPK) are activated in the central nervous system under physiological and pathological conditions such as ischemia and epilepsy. Our aim is to investigate ERK1, ERK2, and phosphorylated ERK (p‐ERK) (Thr202/Tyr 204) expression in the temporal lobe of patients with intractable epilepsy (IE) and to explore its possible role of ERK in it. Tissue samples from temporal neocortices of 40 patients who had surgery for IE were used to detect ERK1, ERK2, and p‐ERK (Thr 202/Tyr 204) expression through immunohistochemistry and western blot. We compared these tissues against 17 histological normal temporal lobes from head‐traumat patients. ERK1, ERK2, and p‐ERK in IE were significantly higher than those in the controls. They were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells. There was also increased detection of p‐ERK in the gliotic cortex of IE compared with the non‐gliotic cortex. These findings were consistently observed in western blot and immunohistochemistry techniques. ERK expression in patients with IE was significantly increased compared with the controls. This suggested a probable role of ERK in the pathogenesis of IE.