opposition of theWorld Council of Churches and a substantial number of Catholics to Brazil's right-wing dictatorship offered an incentive for the regime to ally itself with fundamentalist evangelical Protestants and conservative Catholics, thus strengthening their political influence. The Reagan administration engaged in a similar political calculation when it marginalized the influence of its liberal Protestant and Catholic ministerial critics by strengthening its alliance with the religious right. Cowan argues that once religious conservatives gained greater political influence, they supported both free-market economics and political authoritarianism because they wanted to preserve traditional hierarchies and inequalities. The Brazilian right, like the U.S. right, thus melded economic libertarianism, sexual traditionalism, religious conservatism, and political authoritarianism; religious conservatives supported all of these facets of the movement. Cowan's transnational study demonstrates that the forces that produced the religious right in the United States were not confined to a single country. Hence, histories of postwar American conservatism or the rise of the U.S. New Right should not focus exclusively on domestic explanations for the rise of U.S. conservatism but should instead situate the rise of the right in an international ColdWar context and as a reaction to the global sexual revolution and the global feminist movement. Yet this historical interpretation would likely be even more persuasive in a transnational study that was less narrowly focused on a comparison between only two countries. Despite the title Moral Majorities across the Americas, Cowan's book does not explore the trajectory of religious or political conservatism in any Latin American country other than Brazil, leaving readers to wonder whether Brazil's U.S.-style religious right was unique in the South American context or whether it was part of a much larger international phenomenon. If the religious right is truly a global phenomenon, a proper explanation of its rise and trajectory needs a more comprehensive international study. Cowan's book is too narrowly focused to serve as that global history, but it might inspire other researchers to determine whether the phenomena that he documents in Brazil also shaped other parts of the world.


In distributed and parallel computing, balancing and scheduling of load is of paramount importance because they help accomplishing the objective of optimizing load on nodes connected in a cluster configuration of heterogeneous network. The need is to cater for dynamic adaptability, autonomous execution, mobility and a degree-of-flexibility especially for application with intermittent connections. Introducing technology of mobile agents has vitally reduced number of inter-node communication in distributed scenario ensuring that no machine is idle while there are jobs waiting for resources. The main motto of this research work is to introduce the mobile agent technology as an alternate way to attain load balancing and load scheduling in distributed systems. The load balancing protocol implemented in this paper makes use of Java complaint mobile agent platform called Aglets™. This is IBM's mobile agent platform that allows developing and executing mobile agents. Mobile agents roam among nodes the load information on basis of this sorted result in coming load can be transferred using Single System Image (SSI). Kerrighed is used as SSI in this paper that deals with load scheduling and load balancing. Kerrighed enables resource sharing concept keeping the transparency in cluster among various host.


A highly lipase producing Bacillus sp. was isolated from soil under optimized culture conditions such as medium pH, temperature, incubation period, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, lipid sources and various surfactants at different concentrations. The medium pH of 7.0 and temperature of 40 °C were optimum for maximizing lipase production. The maximal yield of lipase production by Bacillus sp. was obtained after incubation periods ranging between 3 and 4 days. Casein produced maximum lipase (6.5±0.015) U/ml) as compared to others nitrogen sources and the medium containing starch was more suitable for maximum lipase (15.60±0.20) U/ml) production than other carbon sources. The gingily oil was found to be most suitable for maximizing the lipase production (20.52±0.20) U/ml). The studies on the influence of surfactants on lipase production revealed that maximum lipase production was induced by tween-20 ((27.10±0.01) U/ml).


In recent years, the processing and analysis of hyperspectral images have become the main tasks of many researchers dealing with RS (remote sensing) image processing. Unlike the traditional multispectral datasets taken in the optical range of electro-magnetic spectrum, the hyperspectral data deals with an enormous amount of bands and the data are formed as collections of hundreds of images of the same scene with each image corresponding to a narrow interval of the electro-magnetic wavelength. It is clear that such datasets offer the superior potential for more accurate and detailed information extraction than is possible with other types of RS data. In this research, Hyperion (hyperspectral imager) and ALI (advanced land imager) sensor images have been used onboard EO-1 satellite. The goal of this paper is to compare two different approaches in geological feature extraction for an image classification. Before the classification spectral and spatial enhancements are applied. Advanced satellite images classification represents an accurate and cost effective for land cover mapping at regional scale. The output of each of the feature extraction method is classified using a maximum likelihood classification and spectral angle mapper methods. The results are analyzed and compared.


Hematemesis is a common and dramatic presentation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and is a source of significant morbidity and mortality. Common causes include peptic ulcer disease and varices. However, endoscopists need to be aware of other rare causes to avoid a delay in diagnosis, which may be potentially fatal.


Culture Difference between China Western Countries can produce the great influence on Tourism Activities and tourists.The author,by analyzing the culture difference,has put forward some strategies to the construction and development in tourism destination.


(158 articles) applied mathematics (44 articles) differential equations (54 articles) mathematical modelling Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections Email alerting service here the box at the top right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article-sign up in Understanding the seasonal/periodic reoccurrence of influenza will be very helpful in designing successful vaccine programmes and introducing public-health interventions. However, the reasons for seasonal/periodic influenza epidemics are still not clear, even though various explanations have been proposed. In this paper, we study an age-structured type evolutionary epidemiological model of influenza A drift, in which the susceptible class is continually replenished because the pathogen changes genetically and immunologically from one epidemic to the next, causing previously immune hosts to become susceptible. Applying our recently established centre manifold theory for semi-linear equations with non-dense domain, we show that Hopf bifurcation occurs in the model. This demonstrates that the age-structured type evolutionary epidemiological model of influenza A drift has an intrinsic tendency to oscillate owing to the evolutionary and/or immunological changes of the influenza viruses.


Shared Decision-Making for Cancer Screening: Visual Tools and a 4-Step Method To the Editor Caverly's concerns for promoting shared decisionmaking and selecting the best candidates for lung cancer screening deserve comment.1 First, it is untrue that developing a shared decisionmaking tool is complex.1 Common sense pictographs that use absolute numbers with a consistent denominator (ie, /1000 screened), time frames, and visuals employing the same scale for information on gains and losses of the options have been shown to change and improve decision-making.2,3 Such pictographs for breast cancer screening are already implemented in the small country of Belgium.4 It is puzzling why national health care agencies from so many countries enduringly fail to do this job properly. Second, to address whether a shared decision requires many more tools, a simple 4-step method can be employed: (1) Indicate that all options are acceptable; (2) administer the information (as above); (3) promote active participation of the patient by the expression of his or her values; and (4) analyze if the patient is comfortable with the decision by rephrasing. Finally, blood tests might be a cost-effective means to select candidates for computed tomography in the near future.5


A design platform used for solid creation and parametric design of the three rings reducer is introduced based on Pro/E.The description includes software architecture,solid creation and the parametric design of the parts,parametric design of assembly drawing and the automated update,and the creation of engineering drawings.The platform can be used to design the series of three-ring reducers,and the model created by software can be used for further structure analysis.


In field experiments over three vegetation periods (2010-2012) we studied impact of the CULTAN (controlled uptake long term ammonium nutrition) method on yield and yield parameters of kernel maize. The field experiments were conducted at three sites with different soil-climatic conditions. CULTAN treatments were fertilized once with the total amount of nitrogen using an injection machine (at the canopy height of 20 cm) and compared to conventional fertilization with calcium ammonium nitrate application at pre-sowing preparations. In all treatments the amount of nitrogen was the same, 140 kg N/ha. In 2010 at Humpolec site, CULTAN urea ammonium nitrate + inhibitor of nitrification treatment gave by 20.5% higher number of ears compared to CULTAN urea ammonium nitrate treatment. In 2011 at Ivanovice all CULTAN treatments reached statistically significantly higher number of kernels per ear. The higher 1000 kernel weight at CULTAN treatments was observed in 2012 at the Ivanovice site; a statistically significant difference between conventional and CULTAN urea ammonium nitrate + inhibitor of nitrification treatment was observed. Fertilization of maize with nitrogen using the CULTAN method under the conditions of the Czech Republic provides the same yield certainty as the conventional surface application and the CULTAN method of fertilization increases the yield certainty at delayed sowing. Harvest index was statistically significantly influenced by year, fertilization treatment and site.


Normal coordinate analyses of di-μ-oxo-bridged [Mn 2 III,III (μ-O)2(ND 3 ) 8 ] 2+ , [Mn 2 III,IV (μ-O)2(ND 3 ) 8 ] 3+ , and [Mn2 IV,IV (μ-O)2(ND 3 ) 8 ] 4+ dimers were carried out systematically based on force-constants obtained by B3PW91 hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a broken-symmetry electronic state. Calculation results indicated that all Mn-O-Mn/Mn-O stretch vibrations are found at 697-387 cm -1 with the strongest infrared (IR) intensities occurring at 620, 697, and 615 cm -1 for Mn 2 III,III , Mn 2 III,IV , and Mn 2 IV,IV dimers, respectively, which are compatible with experimental data. These strong IR bands were assigned to the Mn-O-Mn asymmetric stretch 1 (B 3u vibration) for the equivalent Mn 2 III,III and Mn 2 IV,IV dimers with D 2h symmetry, and the Mn IV -O symmetric stretch (A 1 vibration) for the mixed-valence Mn 2 III,IV dimer with C 2v symmetry. Based on the results of calculations, the reported 18 O-sensitive IR bands in the low-frequency S 2 /S 1 spectrum in a photosynthetic oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) were assigned to the Mn IV -O asymmetric stretch (B 2 vibration) in the di-μ-oxo-bridged Mn 2 III,IV dimer moiety for the S 1 -state Mn-cluster core and the Mn-O-Mn asymmetric stretch 1 (B 3u vibration) in the di-μ-oxo-bridged Mn 2 IV,IV dimer moiety in the S 2 -state Mn-cluster core.


Competitive Early Childhood Education Management is a systemic and systematic activity carried out by the head to improve the performance of educators through various Early Childhood Education activity programs that are in accordance with the standards and development of children. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach using the case study method. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results of this study are that the planning carried out by the principal and educators of Thoyyibah Kindergarten is divided into three stages, namely long-term, medium-term and short-term planning, the implementation follows include teachers in education and training programs, while development is to provide supporting facilities. The conclusion of this study is that teacher education and training is an alternative in increasing competence, it is recommended that the problem is that teachers lack competence. The solution is teacher education and training.


The powerful usage of the marketing method, word-of-mouth and its correlation with consumer loyalty and corporate social responsibility (CSR) will be examined in this study. A case study of a co-op ...


Migrants form growing proportions of national workforces in advanced capitalist societies. Yet little is known about their attitudes towards the principal agents of worker representation in their host countries, the trade unions, much less via cross‐national research. Using European Values Survey data, we redress this imbalance by examining migrants' levels of trust in unions, compared to native‐born. We find higher levels of trust in unions by migrants (compared to native‐born) in general and especially by migrants during their first decades after arrival and whose countries of origin are characterized by poor quality institutions. These findings have significant implications for unionization strategies towards migrants, especially given received wisdom portraying migrants as indifferent or distrustful towards unions.


Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com PHD protein secondary structure analysis software is a neural-network based method, rating at an expected average accuracy ∼72% for the three states helix, strand and loop when using multiple alignment input (Rost and Sander, 1993a,b, 1994). Using the PHD also allows the prediction of solvent accessibility (i.e. surface exposure) of individual amino-acid residues of a protein. PEST sequences are defined as hydrophilic stretches of polypeptide sequences rich in proline, glutamic acid, serine and threonine, and flanked by positively charged residues and are an important feature of eukaryotic proteins with intracellular half-lives of less than 2 h (Rogers et al., 1986; Rechsteiner et al., 1987; Rechsteiner and Rogers, 1996). The data accumulated since 1986 indicate strongly that PEST sequences serve as signals for proteolysis and their presence correlates well with ubiquitination, fast endocytosis and rapid protein degradation (by both proteasome and lysosomal proteases) but not with protein compartmentation or functional activity (Rechsteiner and Rogers, 1996, and references therein). Presence of PEST motifs do not necessarily lead to constitutive degradation of the protein, unless these sequences are surface exposed and not masked by the interacting proteins. If no structural information is available for a protein under study it is therefore necessary to also check for the surface accessibility of the predicted PEST sequences. The metabotropic glutamate receptors belong to the class of seven transmembrane receptors, which are coupled to G-proteins and mediate intracellular signal transduction. Unusually long C-terminus of the mGluR1α receptor appears to contain various sorting motifs which are critical for correct sorting and targeting of the receptor in neurones and their retention in the plasma membrane (Ciruela et al., 1999a). Recently a family of Homer proteins have been identified among the genes which are induced in neurones of the hippocampus and cortex by excitatory synaptic activity and during development Fig. 1. PHD and PESTfind analysis of the mGluR1α sequence. The rat metabotropic glutamate receptor sequence (SWISS-PROT Acc.No.: P23385) was submitted to the PredictProtein server available at the http://dodo.cpmc.columbia.edu ('PHD') and to the EMBnet Austria server at the http://emb1.bcc.univie.ac.at/embnet/ tools ('PESTfind'). Amino acid sequence of the C-terminus of the mGluR1α (AA). PHDacc denotes the predicted relative solvent accessibility of amino acid residues (b—buried, e—surface exposed). PEST indicates the predicted PEST sequences (+). The boxed sequence indicate a Homer-binding motif reported earlier (Tu et al., 1998). (Brakeman et al., 1997; Kato et al., 1997). The Homer proteins are produced from three genes and a number of various splicing forms of the Homer proteins have been recently described (Soloviev et al., 2000). Homer proteins bind to the Pro.Pro.x.x.Phe.Arg motif found in the C-terminus of mGluR1α receptor and in other proteins. Recently an evidence for the role of Homer proteins in cell surface targeting and anchoring of mGluR1 receptors have been provided (Ciruela et al., 1999b, 2000). Moreover, Ciruela et al. have also reported a significant increase in the amount of total mGluR1α protein detected upon its co-expression with the Homer-1a protein in HEK-293 cells. The mechanism responsible for the increased stability of the mGluR1α proteins is not yet clear. Transcriptional and/or translational control by Homer proteins could be responsible for such changes in the c © Oxford University Press 2000 837


A low-cost, and broadband 60 GHz microstrip Yagi array antenna is presented. It consists of rectangular microstrip antenna with parasitic patches. It has gain of 10.3 dB achieved at 60 GHz, a high total radiation efficiency of ~96%, and an impedance bandwidth of ~19.4%, which covers the entire unlicensed 60-GHz millimeter-wave frequency range. With these features, this antenna is suitable for wireless communication, and imaging applications.


The authors previously noticed on the depression in case of measuring hardness, that the Vickers depression had some piling-up even in diagonal direction, which is believed to have little piling-up. The Vickers hardness is measured by the surface area of depression caloulated from the diagonal length of square depression, so if the degree of piling-up differs, the influence of measuring error in the hardness number will be different. In this paper, the change of the piling-up caused by the heat-treatment of materials are examined as a help for obtaining the inquiring data of the measuring error of Vickers hardness. Five sorts of the carbon steel and two sorts of the brass are heat-treated and depressed by Vickers indentator, and the surface of depression are traced by the Ogoshi Surface Roughness Tester (contact needle type). Some of the results are summarized as follows: (1) The degree of piling-up is much affected by the heat-treatment in both materials. (2) The change of the degree agrees with the change of Vickers hardness in case of carbon steels, but does not always agrees with the hardness in that of brass. (3) The degree of piling-up varies by 200%, in case of carbon steel, and by 100%, in that of brass according to the rise of tempering temperature, if the quenching value is taken as standard. These degrees have a great influence on the hardness number. (4) As the ratio of the major diagonal of Knoop depression to the minor diagonal is in the lever relation to the degree of piling-up. One rising, the other falling, so we may easily obtain the general trend of the piling-up. (Received May 17, 1957)


Today the world's attention is focused on China, on the epidemic caused by coronavirus infection. As of the end of February, more than 77 thousand people affected with the disease had been registered, fatal outcome had been observed in more than 2500 cases. The Chinese authorities announced the beginning of a new epidemic at the very end of 2019. Moreover, if fatal outcomes were observed a month after the onset of mass incidence only within the country, then, in February, they went beyond its borders and were registered in Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Iran, the Philippines, France and Italy. It is noteworthy that China became a source of the spread of the epidemic process not for the first time. So, in 2002 it was in this country, in Guangdong, that an outbreak of SARS was recorded, and in 1997, avian influenza spread from Hong Kong around the world. To tell the truth, the death rate from these diseases did not exceed thousands of people in both cases, and in the case of bird flu (or avian influenza), development of the disease was observed only in people eating chicken meat. It should be noted that in the entire history of the development of mankind, more people died as a result of epidemics and pandemics, than in all wars combined. Let us recall the worst epidemics in the history of mankind, the victims of which were millions of people.


RECENT events in the Middle East have evoked many references to the "thirties", those tumultuous and, in retrospect, sinister years Which are remembered poignantly but not always accurately.l It is ~rising, indeed, what erroneous ideas can gain currency about recent tory and what strange legends grow up which easily become fixed ricles of belief. Yet much depends on the foundations of our historical ackground-objective or emotional, scientific or romantic-for as we envisage the past, so we tend to act in the present. It is not, indeed, too tnUch to say that "we make our History, and our History makes us." theThe writer of this article cannot claim to have made a full-scale study of ",.•~thirties"; he has concentrated on one topic only, the use-and aV~f "sanctions" as operated by the League of Nations. This may seem a somewhat narrow field, but the theme was a dominating one in the tniddle thirties, and the amount of documentation is already formidable, COmprising not only numerous official records in many tongues, but, I:h;aps more revealing and certainly more readable, many memoirs by dlllg actors in the grim drama that culminated in World War II. It may be interesting to re-examine one or two cases concerning ~nctions in the thirties to see if any change of outlook is suggested by fesh evidence, and to compare situations then and now. h~~ore considering these specific incidents, however, certain obvious C-uges in the world scene must be noted. Thus, though there are many :;mblances between the League of Nations and the United Nations, the erences are even more striking-the most important, of course, being ~ COmplete absence of America from the one and its dominating position the other. These contrasts-as typified perhaps by the Palais des Nations ;t Geneva and the immense building at New York~ould be discussed J:m many angles. If we narrow them down to the particular problem of thirt~anctions to be applied to a recalcitrant State we find that in the III J.es the main emphasis was on economic measures, while to-day such e~ds are only occasionally mentioned. The difference in emphasis is ~~I1llY revealed by comparing Article XVI of the Covenant with Article o~ the Charter. In the former, Members have the duty of immediately ~:hibiting ALL social and commercial relations with the recalcitrant SO te; in the latter the Security Council MA Y call on Members to apply m: or all of these economic measures. Again, in the Covenant, military " .Utes are kept very much in the background, while in the Charter e:Cbon with respect to breaches of the peace" (Chapter VII) is plainly Peeted to involve the use of force. NIt. is in keeping with this contrasted emphasis that whereas the United abons has directed military forces, as in Korea and now in Egypt, the


Many versions of Poetry of the South evade the paragraph dividing and hierarchical analysis. It is partially because of the abundance of research object, complexity of research history and speciality of research content. There exist many debates on the text dividing of "Sorrow after Departure", and accordingly there appeared different ways of dividing the poem into two, three, four, five, eight, ten, twelve, thirteen and even fourteen parts. There is also a theory of combining Two-part Division, or Three-part Division with Multi-paragraphic subdivision. According to the reasonableness of hierarchical structure, Two-part Theory can best stand close scrutiny, and it seems that ancient division of First Half and Second Half, Human World vs. Gods World is appropriately conveying the message of the poem. Wang Bangcai, acknowledged by some scholars in this field, developed his "Three-part Theory", which derived from the "Two-part Theory", into a combination of "Three-part division" and "Multi-paragraphic subdivision", so as to achieve the unity of macro-structure and micro-details.


Residue number system is a non-weighted integer number system which uses the residues of division of ordinary numbers by some modules for representing that ordinary numbers. In this paper, the general three moduli set }2 n -1,2 n +1,2 pn+1 -1} based on CRT algorithm is proposed in which ―p‖ is an even number greater than zero. The special case of this set for p=2 which is }2 n -1,2 n +1,2 2n+1 -1{ is also described in this paper. Since the dynamic range of this set is odd, some difficult problems in RNS can be easily solved based on this set using parity checking. The proposed reverse converter is better in speed and hardware in comparison to reverse converters in similar dynamic range. Moreover, from the complexity point of view, the internal arithmetic circuits of this moduli set is improved and is less complex than the other sets in similar dynamic range.


High-frequency (HF) surface wave radars provide a unique capability to detect targets far beyond the conventional microwave radar coverage but also could contribute to the development and improvement of Tsunami Early Warning Systems. This paper describes the simulation of tsunami related signatures observed by HF radar at long ranges in case of a tsunami travelling towards the coast. A tsunami event is modeled using the oceanographic HAMburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM), which has high spatial and temporal resolution and gives the ocean surface currents induced by an approaching tsunami. The tsunami current velocity is converted into modulating signals and superimposed on measured antenna signals of the WERA radar. The possible ocean surface current changes due to a tsunami event are evaluated using radar backscattered spectra. The tsunami detection technique is based on the order-statistic CFAR detection algorithm applied to the entropy filed of surface currents. This gives a possibility to issue an automated control of tsunami alert during the real-time monitoring by the WERA radar.


The invention relates to a self-adaptive sugarcane juicing platform comprising a diameter detecting device, a squeezing start angle determining device, a squeezing angle controlling device, a squeezing device and a juice outlet. The diameter detecting device is used for detecting the current diameter of the portion to be squeezed of sugarcane. The squeezing start angle determining device is connected with the diameter detecting device and used for receiving the current diameter of the portion to be squeezed of the sugarcane and determining the squeezing start angle of the portion to be squeezed based on the current diameter of the portion to be squeezed. The squeezing start angle controlling device is connected with the squeezing start angle determining device and used for supporting the portion to be squeezed to enable the portion to be squeezed to reach the determined squeezing start angle. By the adoption of the self-adaptive sugarcane juicing platform, juicing can be conducted on the sugarcane of different diameters at different squeezing angles, and therefore wear of a juicing machine is effectively reduced.


Probabilistic migration models generally assume the existence of an exogenous and large gap between wages in the urban and rural sectors. Yet empirical support for this assumption is scarce. An attempt has been made to estimate urban and rural expenditures and wages across states in India to measure the size of the urban-rural gap. Using principal components, a hedonic wage differential equation is estimated to determine whether the gap can be explained by differences in the structures of the two sectors. On an average, nominal urban earnings are 40% larger than rural earnings. The real gap is roughly 17%. More than 70% of this differential is explained by compensating differentials.


The utility model provides a fiber tube evaporator, which comprises an evaporating pipe which is bended and molded, and steel wires which are tiled and arranged on the evaporating pipe, wherein, the pipe diameter of the evaporating pipe is between 4 mm and 8 mm; the pipe diameter of the steel wire is between 1 mm and 2 mm; the evaporating pipe is bended and molded by a straight pipe of a length between 3 m and 15 m, and is a monolayer steel pipe; the distance between the steel wires tiled and arranged on the evaporating pipe is between 4 mm and 6 mm; the integrated shape of the evaporating pipe of the fiber tube evaporator can be of a U shape, a L shape or a barrel-shaped structure. The utility model has simplified structure, low cost and high production efficiency.


Herein, we sincerely make an apology to readers for our misguidance. We have made a mistake on the analysis of the optical path difference produced by the Savart polariscope which resulted in the improper design of a wide-field-of-view Savart polariscope. The correct statements are presented.


A method of cosmetic removal of hair, wherein the hair (20) to be removed is gripped by elements (5) deagarre shaped clamp operated cyclically and is at least partially skin removed by unmovimiento passing elements (5 ) grip, in which the elements (5) gripping entresi separated, migrates to the skin, approach each other and separate from the skin cyclically, wherein elvello (20) gripped by the elements (5) grip is stretched skin separating multiple pasadasentre which the elements (5) grip are spaced apart and, for the grip again, sedesplazan back to the skin and approach each other again.


A device for detecting dust of a vacuum cleaner using an optical sensor is provided, which maintains a function of the optical sensor at an optimal state by always maintaining optimal sensitivity under the circumstances such as characteristic variation of the optical sensor, contamination due to dust, and variable peripheral environments. If an optical sensor(4) for detecting dust is operated as cleaning starts, a controller(8) reads out an output voltage of a light receiving portion(3) one time per one second through a first port (a) and at the same time compares the read voltage with a voltage of 1.6V set by resistors R1 and R2. At this time, if there does not exist dust induced into pipes 1 and 1', light emitted from a light emitting portion(2) is supplied to the light receiving portion(3), so that a photo transistor PRT is turned on to lower a collector voltage of the light receiving portion(3). On the other hand, if dust is induced into the pipes 1 and 1', light of the light emitting portion(2) is partially shielded to turn off the transistor of the light receiving portion(3) so that the collector voltage is boosted. Therefore, if the output voltage of the light receiving portion(3) input to the first port (a) is 1.6 or more, it is determined that light capacity of the light emitting portion(2) is small, and thus pulse duty increases through a second port (b) of the controller(8) to increase the light capacity.


Problems of determining of bearing ability of a ground on a route of the walking robot with orthogonal drives are considered. The approach for definition of bearing ability of a ground with use of a support orthogonal walking drives a method of penetration is offered. The architecture of information - measuring system of the walking robot providing movement on a route with determining of bearing ability of a ground is offered.


This paper presents a new driving system for realize the function of soft-starting and soft-stopping of belt conveyor. This device consists of planetary gear box, tow motors and controlling system. The basic concept is to combine differential planetary gear trains and converter technique. So, by controlling the angular velocity of inner gear the belt conveyor can realize the function of soft-starting and soft-stopping. During the working period this system has four different modes. By means of components libraries and virtual assembly the virtual model of CCSD is obtained. The kinematical and dynamic simulations are performed. By analysis the resisting force of belt conveyor we can obtain the curve of output-load properties of the controllable soft start equipment. As a result the dynamic force, the torque of each constrain, the ideal power of controlling motor, the ratio of main motor and controlling one were obtained.


OBJECTIVE Both visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) have been linked to systemic inflammation in nondiabetic cohorts. We examined the relationships between VAT and SAT and systemic inflammatory markers in a large well-characterized cohort of subjects with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Three hundred eighty-two subjects with type 2 diabetes in the CHICAGO (Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Atherosclerosis Using Pioglitazone) study cohort underwent abdominal computed tomography to determine SAT and VAT distribution. Fasting blood was obtained for measurement of inflammatory markers. The relationships between inflammatory markers and BMI, SAT, and VAT were examined using regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes treatment, duration of diabetes, smoking, statin use, and A1C. RESULTS VAT was positively related to CRP, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP), intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) antigen before adjustment for BMI. After adjustment for BMI, the relationship to CRP was lost but positive associations with MCP (P < 0.01), PAI-1 (P < 0.0001), ICAM-1 (P < 0.01), and vascular cell adhesion molecule (P = 0.01) were evident. BMI was positively related to CRP (P < 0.0001) and IL-6 (P < 0.01) even after adjustment for VAT and SAT. SAT was not related to any inflammatory marker after adjustment for BMI. CONCLUSIONS In this large group of subjects with type 2 diabetes, BMI was most strongly associated with CRP and IL-6 levels. SAT was not associated with markers of systemic inflammation. The size of the VAT depot provided information additional to that provided by BMI regarding inflammatory markers that are strongly related to vascular wall remodeling and coagulation. Our findings suggest that adipose tissue distribution remains an important determinant of systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes.


We examine the use of the relational limit operator for the so luti n of combinatorial problems. In particular, the first developmental steps from specifications and the construction of feasible solutions are considered.


Introduction Radical Form in Novas Cartas Portuguesas Modernism and Feminism in Fernanda Botelho's Xerazade e os Outros Revolution and Representation in Lidia Jorge's O Dia dos Prodigios Sexuality and Repression in Helia Correia's Montedemo The Language of Silence in Teolinda Gersao's O Silencio Appendix: A Brief History of Feminism in Portugal Bibliography Index


Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent neoplasia affecting women worldwide normally detected at early stages. In this regard, early diagnosis drastically decreases mortality, however, around 20% of these patients will later relapse. This is mainly caused by undetectable molecular residual disease (MRD) not eliminated by standard primary treatments. Therefore, it is crucial to detect the after-treatment MRD to stratify the patients by their risk of relapse. Liquid biopsies have emerged as non-invasive method to obtain information about tumors and improve clinical cancer management. Regarding this, much has been hypothesized about utilizing high blood volumes to overcome the necessity of complex and resource-intensive next generation sequencing (NGS) methodologies to detect highly diluted blood tumor components in localized cancers. Herein, we employed a combined analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) together with high blood volumes and single-assay droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to detect MRD with ultra-high sensitivity. We prospectively assayed 124 samples extracted at baseline, post-neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), post-surgery and a follow-up on a six-monthly basis. A median of 76.40 mL of blood to detect CTCs and 40 mL of plasma to detect ctDNA per patient from 19 BC women were used in this study. ddPCR assays were performed with a median of 14 partitions per determination to detect ctDNA and 12 partitions for CTCs. Overall, ctDNA, CTCs and ctDNA and/or CTCs were detected in 84.21%, 66.66% and 89.47% respectively in the pre-treatment blood samples. MRD (ctDNA and/or CTCs) was detected in 73.68% of the after NAT blood samples. On the other hand, it was detected in 46.66% and 70.00% of the post-surgery and follow-up samples respectively. Post-NAT MRD was detected in 57.14% (4/7) and 83.33% (10/12) of patients with and without pathological complete response pCR respectively. To note, the discordant patients achieving pCR in tissue with detectable MRD in blood were high-risk BC. Importantly, in one of the two patients without pCR and no MRD detected, not enough sample were available to complete the analysis. The other discordant patient presented a localized disease with residual cancer burden value of 1 and no lymph nodes affected. In 1 out of 19 (5.26%) patient clinically relapsed with a positive MRD detection 6 months earlier. Applying this methodology, we observed a sensitivity of 0.004% in ctDNA detection and 0.224 CTCs per mL of blood. Overall, this novel methodology greatly improves sensitivity for ctDNA and CTCs detection in treatment-naïve early BC. In addition, MRD was successfully detected in post-treatment samples antedating clinical relapse by 6 months in one patient. This prospective study is potentially demonstrating that using high blood volumes and a single-assay ddPCR is a cost-effective strategy to monitor localized BC and predict relapses.
 Citation Format: Alfonso Alba-Bernal, Ana Godoy-Ortiz, María Emilia Domínguez-Recio, Begoña Jimenez-Rodriguez, María Elena Quirós-Ortega, Esperanza López-López, Guillermo Carbajosa-Antona, Jesús Peralta-Linero, Luis Vicioso, Estefanía Bellagarza-García, Guadalupe Dolores Garrido-Ruiz, Cynthia Robles-Podadera, Alicia Garrido-Aranda, María Dunia Roldán-Díaz, Jesús Velasco-Suelto, Rocío Lavado-Valenzuela, Martina Álvarez, Nuria Ribelles, Javier Pascual, Emilio Alba, Iñaki Comino-Méndez. Increasing blood volumes to detect minimal residual disease in neoadjuvant-treated early breast cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6610.


This study aims to examine Blue Bonds as a guarantee issued by the issuer (government and companies) as alternative financing. Compared to ordinary bonds that are issued only to meet the issuer's funding needs, the transaction results in Blue Bonds will be used to support marine protection, fisheries governance, waste and water pollution management, and the restoration of marine ecosystems. In this study, the author uses the method literature review sourced from journals, books, reports from related ministries, international financial institutions such as the World Bank, and news from national and international media. The results of this study indicate that by issuing Blue Bonds, the government and companies will get more funds from bond investors. Investors will receive a return in the form of a coupon (fixed interest rate) from the issuer and pay according to schedule and the initial principal investment. Not only that, the government and companies will get a good reputation among investors and actively contribute to Indonesia's maritime development.


Background Palliative care (PC) service involvement in HCC patients is suboptimal. Little is known about clinician experience and attitudes towards PC in HCC, which formed the aim of our study. Methods A nationwide survey of consultants/trainees was conducted through the Gastroenterological Society of Australia. Clinician and practice demographics, experience and attitudes towards PC use in HCC patients were collected. Results 161 respondents participated with representation from all states/territories (61% male, 94% gastroenterologist/hepatologist). Most worked in public metropolitan hospitals (79%) with weekly multidisciplinary tumour board meetings (MDTBM) (59%) and had no formal PC training (71%). MDTBM with PC team attendance was reported by 11%, although 77% thought this would be useful. Both rates of PC referral and perceived usefulness of PC increased incrementally from Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) 0/A to BCLC D patients but were not universal even in advanced (46%)/terminal(87%) stages. Those with prior PC training were more likely to refer BCLC 0/A patients for early PC (P=0.01). Referral rates for outpatient PC were higher in respondents who attended MDTBM with PC present (P Conclusions PC referral for HCC patients occurs late and is not universal even in late-stage disease. Barriers to PC referral were not related to the quality of/access to PC services but rather to clinician perception/belief that PC would not be accepted by patients and their families.


In the Report of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to the Twenty-sixth Communist Party, L. I. Brezhnev noted that "the fraternal countries have amassed varied, positive experience during the years of socialist construction in the organization of production and management and in the solution of national economic problems." He cited several concrete examples and called for the "more attentive study and broader utilization of the experience of fraternal countries."


"Flip Chip Ball Grid Array", is a type of surface mount package which bridges the gap between flip chip and surface mount technology, using a combination of flip chip and BGA structures. However, the final quality of chips will be closely impacted by every factor during the process. Therefore, the real time inspection for some process indicator is definitely playing important role to entire process. Non- destructive inspection technology can not only detect the chip microcosmic characters without touching even damaging the chips, but also provide excellent process control information. This article introduced the FCBGA chip assembly process characters and flow, also, gives introductions about fundamentals and instances of Non- destructive inspection, such as Automated Op- tical Inspection, X- ray inspection and so on, providing a specific introduction on the fundamentals and algorithm. All of these methodologies are greatly significant to FCBGA process.


Aiming at spatial characteristics and echo information of the LiDAR point cloud data, design a regional segmentation and decision tree combined lidar point data classification method. First, based on the continuity of the LiDAR point cloud to finish the experiment area's region segmentation. Then, statistics each area boundaries and internal the number of dihedral angle cosine, to draw a line chart. Using the intersection's cosine of line chart , and region segmentation's minimum height as threshold to determine the ground point and the non-ground points. Finally, statistics separately all LiDAR point data set's dihedral angle, echo times, echo intensity, mean elevation, four constraint information to build a decision tree to determine which type of feature vesting each divided region. Using classification confusion matrix to assess the classification's accuracy, overall accuracy is higher than 94%. Experimental results show that this method can effectively separate roads, trees, buildings and terrain.


semiconductors. Recently, there has been substantial investment in their use in displays. At the heart of an OLED are emissive molecules that generate light in response to electrical stimulation. Ideal emitters are efficient, compatible with existing materials, long lived, and produce light predominantly at useful wavelengths. Luminescent cyclometalated iridium complexes are currently the dominant flavor of emissive material, but platinum and palladium systems are exciting alternatives to explore due to the inherent flexibility of their square planar geometry.


In order to maintain cash flow companies use financial assessments of various ideas and projects. One of the most widely used techniques for comparing the financial benefits of long term projects is net present value (NPV) analysis. In this paper the author discusses the net present value analysis and expound on the terms "net cash flow" and "present value of money".


A process to recover at least one polar organic compound and at least one modifier compound from a reaction mixture of P (AS), said method consecutive steps comprising: 1) cooling said reaction mixture of P (AS) comprising poly (arylene sulfide) of high molecular weight poly (arylene sulfide), low molecular weight cyclic and linear oligomers of poly (arylene sulfide), at least one polar organic compound, at least one modifier compound, a byproduct metal halide alkali and water at a temperature in the range of 100C to 240C, sufficient to solidify said poly (arylene sulfide) high molecular weight in order to produce a cooled reaction mixture; 2) purging said cooled reaction mixture to remove most of the water from said cooled reaction mixture to produce a cooled, dehydrated reaction mixture;


Both the liquidus and electrical conductivity curves of aluminium alloys have been described in the paper. The liquidus and electrical conductivity curves have been obtained with the simultaneous recording method of Thermal and Derivative Analysis ATD and Electrical and Derivative Analysis AED. The characteristic points of crystallization course of the tested alloys have been marked on the obtained curves dT(t) and dσ(t).


A new kind of low voltage feeder swith protecter is presented.By the phase pesition to zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current,it determines if leakage of the circuit or other circuit occurs.Usw additional DC power supply principle to determine if insulation resistance value sreduce to actuation given value.It has power direction selectivity judgement,high precision,fine reliability and is suitable for coal mine power supply.


Today, metals, alloys and composites are used in various manufactures by combining them with soluble connection techniques. In particular, in steel structures, plate type connections of different manufactures are combined with bolt connections, ensuring fast installation. Bolts are frequently used as fasteners in the assembly of steel construction structures, which are frequently encountered in the past. Along with the developing technology, the need for the production of innovative designs for these bolts has started. In the studies conducted in this field, firstly, the stress on the structural elements is determined both by experimental roads and numerically. After the contact surfaces and fixation constraints were determined, the study was carried out under stagnant system conditions. In this study, in order to calculate the strength of the material under axial and radial loading conditions, a finite element technique analysis has been performed in a steel construction structure when the same type of plates are connected by bolt connection. In addition, the final product was obtained by topological optimization on the bolt. Thus, it is aimed to obtain the most appropriate mass geometry and the safest stress distribution that will lead to material savings. The solid model of the building bolt to be analyzed for these operations was first created in the Siemens NX 10.0 program. The created solid model was transferred to Autodesk Inventor Professional 2020 and Autodesk Fusion 360 Ultimate software. Eight node iso parametric elements were used in the creation of the finite element model. 42CrMo4 steel and 8.8 quality group were chosen as the material for the bolt.


The utility model discloses an optical phase conductor (OPPC) photoelectric separating apparatus used for live-line work, including a photoelectric separator comprising an inner tube and a side tube, wherein the inner tube is subdivided into detachable upper cover and lower seat connected by a connecting member, the middle part of the upper cover is provided with an axial slot hole, one end of the inner cavity of the side tube is communicated with inner tube cavity through an open pore at the middle of the lower seat. The inner tube cavity of the photoelectric separator is detachable; when the photoelectric separation of the OPPC is operated, it is only needed to disconnect the surface layer electric wire braided wire of the OPPC, and the live-line photoelectric separation of the OPPC can be finished. The optical phase conductor photoelectric separating apparatus used for live-line work can further include a conductive wire reinforcing repairing strip for compensating the lost tensile strength and current-carrying capability of the surface layer electric wire braided wire after girdling of the OPPC and keeping the tensile strength and current-carrying capability before and after photoelectric separation of the OPPC.


« Letter to Editor» :
Background: Job burnout is one of the main issues employees typically face, which results from job and organizational pressures. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of job burnout and its associated factors among the staff of health care centers of Jundishapur University of Medical Science.
Material and methods: This was a descriptive/analytic cross-sectional study carried out on 150 staff members of the health care centers at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The participants were selected through convenience sampling in the spring of 2012. The data were gathered using demographic forms and Maslach Burnout Inventory, and were analyzed through descriptive statistics and t-test.
Results: The results showed that mean burnout scores in subscale of exhaustion was 20.60 out of 54 scores; in subscale of professional efficacy, it was 13.58 out of 48 scores; and in subscale of cynicism 6.63 out of 30 scores. Frequency of exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy were respectively seen in 58.2, 69.3, and 81.2% of the participants. In addition, there was a significant relationship between subscales of job burnout and variables of gender and marital status of the staff (P>0.05). Therefore, the findings indicated higher exhaustion mean scores, cynicism mean scores, and professional mean efficacy scores in the women compared to the men. In addition, exhaustion mean scores, mean cynicism scores in married individuals were more than in the singles. Professional mean efficacy scores in the singles were more than in the married individuals.
Conclusion: Considering the role of burnout in affecting the effectiveness of the staff and decreasing the quality of their performance, it is necessary for the authorities and modulators to pay more attention to this issue, and to apply preventive strategies to solve the problem.
Keywords: Burnout, Prevalence, Staff
Background: Job burnout is one of the main issues employees typically face, which results from job and organizational pressures. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of job burnout and its associated factors among the staff of health care centers of Jundishapur University of Medical Science.
Material and methods: This was a descriptive/analytic cross-sectional study carried out on 150 staff members of the health care centers at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The participants were selected through convenience sampling in the spring of 2012. The data were gathered using demographic forms and Maslach Burnout Inventory, and were analyzed through descriptive statistics and t-test.
Results: The results showed that mean burnout scores in subscale of exhaustion was 20.60 out of 54 scores; in subscale of professional efficacy, it was 13.58 out of 48 scores; and in subscale of cynicism 6.63 out of 30 scores. Frequency of exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy were respectively seen in 58.2, 69.3, and 81.2% of the participants. In addition, there was a significant relationship between subscales of job burnout and variables of gender and marital status of the staff (P>0.05). Therefore, the findings indicated higher exhaustion mean scores, cynicism mean scores, and professional mean efficacy scores in the women compared to the men. In addition, exhaustion mean scores, mean cynicism scores in married individuals were more than in the singles. Professional mean efficacy scores in the singles were more than in the married individuals.
Conclusion: Considering the role of burnout in affecting the effectiveness of the staff and decreasing the quality of their performance, it is necessary for the authorities and modulators to pay more attention to this issue, and to apply preventive strategies to solve the problem.
Keywords: Burnout, Prevalence, Staff
Background: Job burnout is one of the main issues employees typically face, which results from job and organizational pressures. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of job burnout and its associated factors among the staff of health care centers of Jundishapur University of Medical Science.
Material and methods: This was a descriptive/analytic cross-sectional study carried out on 150 staff members of the health care centers at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The participants were selected through convenience sampling in the spring of 2012. The data were gathered using demographic forms and Maslach Burnout Inventory, and were analyzed through descriptive statistics and t-test.
Results: The results showed that mean burnout scores in subscale of exhaustion was 20.60 out of 54 scores; in subscale of professional efficacy, it was 13.58 out of 48 scores; and in subscale of cynicism 6.63 out of 30 scores. Frequency of exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy were respectively seen in 58.2, 69.3, and 81.2% of the participants. In addition, there was a significant relationship between subscales of job burnout and variables of gender and marital status of the staff (P>0.05). Therefore, the findings indicated higher exhaustion mean scores, cynicism mean scores, and professional mean efficacy scores in the women compared to the men. In addition, exhaustion mean scores, mean cynicism scores in married individuals were more than in the singles. Professional mean efficacy scores in the singles were more than in the married individuals.
Conclusion: Considering the role of burnout in affecting the effectiveness of the staff and decreasing the quality of their performance, it is necessary for the authorities and modulators to pay more attention to this issue, and to apply preventive strategies to solve the problem.


Practical details are given of the application of powder metallurgy to the production of a number of machine parts in low-alloy steels.


The paper describes a sun-tracking environmental chamber and its associated fast electronics, devised for the accurate outdoor characterization of CPV cells, receivers, mono-modules, and modules. Some typical measurement results are presented.


Tel: +1.805.237.3831 · Fax: +1.805.238.5717 · E-mail: email@example.com · Internet: http://www.arbiter.com 1 © Copyright 2020 Introduction Though GNSS clocks are extremely reliable, and rarely lose lock, especially not for an indefinite period, modern GNSS clocks increasingly specify holdover performance. We have found that antenna system damage due to unrelated maintenance activities is the No. 1 cause of an unlocked condition. Failures, while rare, still happen occasionally also. Our customers would like to know what to expect in such cases.


This document is an interim report on a project that is exploring the environmental characteristics of aircraft and pavement deicers and anti-icers. The focus is primarily on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and aquatic toxicity of formulated products and individual chemical components of formulations. This report includes a background of issues leading to this research, objectives of this document, and a description of the efforts and findings of this research.


The influences of cold rolling reduction on the microstructure,textures and deep drawing property of a commercially produced Ti-IF steel after annealing were researched by means of optical microscopy,X-ray texture measurement and mechanical property testing.The results showed that when the cold rolling reduction was increased from 60%to 90%,the textures alongα-fiber skeleton were constantly enhanced and {223}〈110 and {114}〈110〉tended to be the main textures.On the other hand,{111}〈011〉and {111}〈112〉texture alongγ-fiber skeleton were also improved.At the same time,the ferrite grain size after annealing was refined from ASTM No.9.0 to No.10.5 resulting in an increase of the strength(especially the yield strength) and a decrease of n_(90°) value.The tested steel still exhibited stronger {223}〈110〉and {114}〈110〉textures after annealing.When the cold rolling reduction was increased from 60%to 80%,the {111}〈011〉and {111}〈112〉textures were constantly enhanced and the former was stronger than the latter.Therefore,the r_(90°) value was increased.When the cold rolling reduction was further increased to 90%,the {111}〈112〉texture was further enhanced but the{111}〈011〉texture remained almost unchanged.As a result,{111}〈112 texture became to be stronger than the {111}〈011〉texture,resulting in the decrease of r_(90°) value.The results could be explained by the change form 4-ear behavior to 6-ear behavior of ear-profile as a result of the shift from a curved homogeneousγ-fiber to a straightγ-fiber with a located maximum at {111}〈112〉.


The administration of cyclic 3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) antagonized the analgetic response of morphine in both nontolerant and tolerant mice and also accelerated the development of tolerance to and physical dependence on morphine induced by morphine pellet implantation. Tolerance enhancement by cAMP was evidenced by the increased amount of morphine to produce analgesia and acceleration in dependence by the decrease in the amount of naloxone to induce precipitated withdrawal jumping after cAMP pretreatment. Further evidence that cAMP accelerated dependence development on morphine was evidenced by the fact that cAMP increased the loss in body weight that occurred after abrupt morphine withdrawal. Cycloheximide prevented the accelerating effect of cAMP on tolerance and physical dependence development.


Summary A number of drugs have been examined for their curative action in lophurae malaria in the duck. Pamaquine appears to cure a fair percentage of the birds, while quinine, quinacrine, chloroquine and a number of other drugs do not.


This paper reports an experiment designed to assess the influence of workplace arrangements on the magnitude of hidden costs of control. We compare behavior in an Internet and a laboratory principalagent game where the principal can control the agent by implementing a minimum effort requirement before the agent chooses an effort costly to her but beneficial to the principal. We employ the same standard subject pool of students and identical experimental procedures in both treatments. Still, online subjects enjoy greater anonymity than lab subjects, they interact in a looser environment than the laboratory, and there is a larger physically-oriented social distance between them. Differences between the online and lab interaction environments capture essential differences between working from home and working at the office arrangements. We find that hidden costs of control are significantly lower in the Internet than in the laboratory treatment. The treatment effect is driven by both higher intrinsic motivation and stronger control aversion in the laboratory. Agents' effort differences are fairly stable over time in both treatments which indicates that even experienced agents react less negatively to control online than in the laboratory.


The invention provides a graphene oxide/silver nanoparticle/pyramid-shaped silicon three-dimensional Raman enhanced substrate and a preparation method and an application thereof. A pyramid-shaped silicon substrate is prepared by a wet etching process, the surface of the silicon substrate is coated with a silver nanoparticle solution, then the silver nanoparticle/pyramid-shaped silicon surface is coated with a graphene oxide solution, and baking treatment is performed. The preparation method has the advantages of simple operation, no toxicity, and no pollution, and eliminates tedious steps; moreover, the three-dimensional Raman enhanced substrate prepared by the method is combined with graphene oxide, silver nanoparticles and pyramid-shaped silicon, and can give full play to the advantages of the three components, to obtain a high-sensitivity, good-stability and high-homogeneity Raman enhanced signal; the key lies in that the graphene oxide/silver nanoparticle/pyramid-shaped silicon three-dimensional Raman enhanced substrate is prepared for the first time.


In this paper the construction and performance of an intelligent environmental neutron and gamma monitoring system are described.The neutron monitor has high sensitivity, light weight and small size. A charge pump circuit is adopted for I-F converter of the gamma monitor. Local data acquisitor consists of CMOS single piece processor with high speed and low power dissipation. A FLEX microcomputer is used as remote centre computer for data handling and graph plotting. The system has been operating contionuously for more than one year with high stability and reliability.


OBJECTIVES
The prevalence of breastfeeding in France is lower among deprived women than in the rest of the population. The Haute-Normandie region is severely affected by deprivation, especially among women.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE
To describe breastfeeding promotion in deprived women living in Haute-Normandie. Secondary objectives: to describe the prevalence of breastfeeding and identify barriers to breastfeeding in the same population.

METHODS
This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Haute-Normandie between March and June 2015, in three steps: 1) mailing questionnaires to actors working with deprived women, 2) analysis of child health certificates and 3) sociological interviews with 15 deprived women.

RESULTS
Only 4 of the 29 responding structures had implemented actions to promote breastfeeding among deprived women, with positive feed-back. Barely half of all deprived women had initiated breastfeeding in Haute-Normandie (Eure: 50%, Seine-Maritime: 54%). Finally, the same factors usually known to affect breastfeeding and its duration were also identified among deprived women living in Haute-Normandie.

CONCLUSION
Guidelines for actions to support breast-feeding among deprived mothers have been developed to guide local policies designed to reduce social inequalities in health in Haute-Normandie.


The section contains Serge Frantsouzoff's publication «Sevir Chernetsov: Teacher of Classical Ethiopic». The author of the obituary shares his memoirs of one of the greatest experts on the Ethiopian Middle Ages S.B. Chernetsov, whom he considers to be his teacher, turns to episodes of his private life, scientific way and heritage.


Disability in developing and post-conflict nations is an understudied and often overlooked area of development. However, literature indicates that pe rsons with disabilities in developing and postconflict nations are among the most impoverished, a n are a sizable, vulnerable social group facing immense social, political, economic, cultural, and e vironmental barriers. The aims of this study are : • to understand disability in a country specific cont ext • to examine societal barriers faced by persons with disabilities • to examine the extent to which existing policies an d practices support persons with disabilities • to identify local and global strategies to increase inclusion in Cambodia and Sierra Leone, with recommendations potentially applicable to other dev eloping or post-conflict nations The social model of disability serves as a conceptu al framework for this research, as it explores and addresses larger societal contexts in order to dism antle barriers to inclusion. This desk based study adopts a comparative case study research design to examine disability in Cambodia and Sierra Leone, two countries sharing similar recent histories and living conditions for persons with disabilities. Qualitative research methods were used to collect p rimary data from local and international organisations working with persons with disabilitie s n Cambodia and Sierra Leone. Secondary data, drawn from existing reports and research, are inclu ded to strengthen the study. Study findings reveal a tendency for the general populations and local gove rnm nts of both countries to understand disability through the individual models (medical, religious, and charity), as opposed to the social model or International Classification of Functioning, Disabi lity and Health (ICF) perspectives which are commonly adopted by academia, and national and inte rnational organisations. This disconnect may be amplifying challenges for persons with disabilities . Furthermore, findings highlight a range of socia l, political, economic, cultural, and environmental ba rriers to the inclusion of persons with disabilitie s in both countries. These barriers demonstrate the mul tidimensional aspects of poverty, and support a connection between disability, poverty, and conflic t. Findings also show that certain social groups w ith disabilities face multiple barriers, making them fu rther susceptible to marginalisation. Furthermore, th majority of services for persons with disabilities focus on physical impairments, excluding a signific ant segment of the disabled population and reinforcing a narrow, individual model perception of disability .


solidarity necessary for responding to the totality of forces that have created our ecological crises. Boggs stops short, however, of offering many detailed specifics of what a successful political strategy would concretely pursue. This is a primary reason why he argues that violence cannot be ruled out as part of an ecological revolutionary strategy; to do so would be to prematurely constrain the tactical flexibility that could be necessary to successfully execute such a revolution in different contexts. Perhaps, like the historical materialists from whom he draws, he believes that any blueprint of political action is always premature, and that the role of the theorist/political commentator is more a matter of excavating the space in which a specific revolutionary politics would occur. Inevitably, some readers will find his general strategy for an ecological, political revolution underspecified. What the theorist offers is a coherent strategic orientation in preparation for the unavoidable material reality of our environmental collapse, cultivating an alertness to opportunities afforded by a growing mass recognition of that collapse. Far from asserting that a different world will emerge organically from such a collapse, the theorist seeks to inform the consciousness and practices of those who will enact this revolution on the ground, holding out the possibility for a democratically governed world in the aftermath of our precipitous fall.


Nucleic acid detection using a universal electrochemical sensor for SNS differentiation

Detección de ácidos nucleicos usando un sensor electroquímico universal para la discriminación de SNS

Percy Calvo-Marzal1, Dmitry M. Kolpashchikov1,2,3 and Karin Y. Chumbimuni-Torres1

1 Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816

2 National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816

3 Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816

Recibido el 26 de diciembre del 2017, aceptado el 31 de diciembre del 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2017.0008/

Abstract

Nucleic acid detection with high sensitivity and selectivity capabilities could aid in the diagnosis of varies diseases such as: infections, cancer, among others. Discrimination of a mismatch or single nucleotide substitution (SNS) is challenge due to a minimum pair to pair formation double strand needed to stabilize the structure. Here we present a new approach to atinge the needed stability by using additional segments strains to favored stabilization. The use of additional complementary strains facilitates the discrimination of a SNS in a cooperative way.

Keywords: Nuclei acid, Single nucleotide substitution, infection, cancer


We asked people (N=476) about their perceived social support from three groups of friends based on how they communicate with them: those whom they communicate only face to face, only through technology, or both. We found that communication time, frequency, and the number of channels they use to communicate (multiplexity) were related to their perceived social support from each of those groups. Applications with voice (Skype, telephone) were significantly related to emotional support.


Timbre is a combination of all auditory object attributes other than pitch, loudness and duration. A timbre distortion caused by a sensorineural hearing loss not only affects music perception, but may also influence object recognition in general. In order to quantify differences in object segregation and timbre discrimination between normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners with a sensorineural hearing loss, a new method for studying timbre perception was developed, which uses cross-faded (morphed) instrument sounds in psychoacoustic measurements. The results of the similarity rating and discrimination experiments are discussed in the context of common timbre models and simulated using an effective auditory computer model. The present study shows that, as opposed to reduced ability of hearing-impaired listeners to separate natural objects due to a reduction in time and frequency resolution, certain timbre dimensions seem to not be degraded by compression loss. These timbres might provide hearing-impaired listeners with cues for separating objects when linear sound amplification is provided.


This paper highlights the similarities and differences between the British standard BS8110 and the existing standard in China, the Design Code for Harbor Engineering Concrete Structure in design requirements of design concept, values of material properties, load factors, load combinations and durability.


A sensor network wishes to transmit information to a fusion center to allow it to detect a public hypothesis, but at the same time prevent it from inferring a private hypothesis. We propose a multilayer sensor network structure, where each sensor first applies a nonlinear fusion function on the information it receives from sensors in a previous layer, and then a linear weighting matrix to distort the information it sends to sensors in the next layer. We adopt a nonparametric approach and develop an algorithm to optimize the weighting matrices so as to ensure that the regularized empirical risk of detecting the private hypothesis is above a given privacy threshold, while minimizing the regularized empirical risk of detecting the public hypothesis. Simulations on a synthetic dataset and an empirical experiment demonstrate that our approach is able to achieve a better trade-off between the error rates of the public and private hypothesis than using only linear precoding to achieve information privacy.


Based on the vehicle deceleration starter composition structure and working principle,a detailed analysis of the diagnostic test method with common troubleshooting of deceleration starter is presented for users to understand its structure and principle,which is useful for the troubleshooting process recognized.


The government's concept on its administration is the soul of government administration and such a concept of our government is well reflected and summarized by the important thoughts of "Three Represents". To develop advanced productive forces, to develop advanced culture, and to work for the welfare of its people are the three basic and important components of the Chinese government's concept on its administration.


The cross section for pion-pair production by two photons is calculated approximately by using the low energy theorem previously derived from the partially-conserved-axial-vector-current hypothesis and current algebra and found to agree very well with the experimental data recently obtained by the Mark II, TPC/Two-Gamma, and CLEO Collaborations.


Red raspberries (Rubus idaeus) contain numerous phenolic compounds with documented positive health benefits. One naturally occurring phenolic, raspberry ketone (4‐(4‐ hydroxyphenyl)‐2‐butanone), is considered the principle flavor component of red raspberries. Raspberry ketone, either as a sole or mixed ingredient, has been marketed as a weight loss supplement.


The electron spin resonance spectra of free radicals arising from the action of hydroxyl radicals on trimethyl and triethyl phosphate, dimethyl and diethyl phosphonate, sodium dimethyl and sodium diethyl phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, diethyl ethylphosphonate, and diethyl methyl phosphate have been studied in a flow system. In all cases the radicals observed are those due to abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the carbon atom adjacent to the oxygen in the ester grouping. The 1H and 31P hyperfine coupling constants are discussed.


In this study, the infl uence of olivine nano-silica (OnS) additions in cement based systems has been addressed. The obtained results demonstrate that the addition of OnS (1.5–3.8 % bwoc) increases the viscosity, yield point and hydration degree of the cementitious systems, mainly due to the increase of the total specifi c surface area of the mix. This holds also for the case when a fi xed amount of SP is applied. Based on the performed analysis, it is concluded that the OnS acts as an accelerating and pozzolanic agent in concrete.


We calculate the Casimir-Polder frequency shift and decay rate for an atom in front of a nonreciprocal medium by using macroscopic quantum electrodynamics. The results are a generalization of the respective quantities for matter with broken time-reversal symmetry which does not fulfill the Lorentz reciprocity principle. As examples, we contrast the decay rates, the resonant and nonresonant frequency shifts of a perfectly conducting (reciprocal) mirror to those of a perfectly reflecting nonreciprocal mirror. We find different power laws for the distance dependence of all quantities in the retarded and nonretarded limits. As an example of a more realistic nonreciprocal medium, we investigate a topological insulator subject to a time-symmetry breaking perturbation.


A field trial was conducted at experimental field of Qazvin region, Iran (36° 18´ N and 49° 57´ E) in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 growing seasons to determine the physiological properties of rapeseed varieties (Zarfam and Opera) subjected to drought stress condition under different potassium sulphate levels. The trial was laid out in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation regimes included I 1 , irrigation after 40% (control); I 2 , irrigation after 60% and I 3 , irrigation after 80% soil water depletion (SWD). However, the applied potassium rates were K 1 , non-application, K 2 , 100 kg ha -1 and K 3 , 200 kg ha -1 of K 2 SO 4 . Physiological indices including relative water content (RWC), stomatal resistance (RS), canopy temperature (T c ), and the difference between canopy and air temperature (ΔT) were measured at three stages. Both varieties regarding physiological indices in all sampling stages showed a significant difference. Higher relative water content (RWC) and lower stomatal resistance (RS) and canopy temperature (T c ) in Opera variety under limited moisture condition indicated its salient drought tolerant over Zarfam variety. Results show that with increasing stress severity in all growing stages, the decrease in RWC and increase in RS and T c was higher when compared with the control which asserts their susceptibility to soil water condition and leaf water potential. Potassium application, in both stressed/non-stressed conditions caused a lower RS and T c , but increased RWC. To sum up, K 2 SO 4 could ameliorate negative effects of water stress on physiological properties and consequently improve them. RWC, RS, T c and ΔT, are beneficial indices for screening large numbers of drought-tolerant rapeseed varieties in a short time at critical stages of crop growth. Key words : Brassica napus L., canopy temperature, potassium fertilizer, relative water content, stomatal resistance, water deficit stress.


With regard to both electorate and membership, the NSDAP was a young party. Before 1933 its proper youth organization was the SA, not the Hitler Youth. The NSDAP benifited from the social and cultural conflicts of the Weimar Republic, which the post-war generation often interpreted as a generation gap which ivaj then extended into a general youth myth. The NS-movement skilfully exploited this youth myth until it became dysfunctional for their ruling interests. The essay describes the change in meaning of youth an young generation for the Nazi conception of power with selected examples.


This article discusses the theoretical and practical development of a new
 perspective called Positive Victimology. A review of constructing worlds
 such as Positive Criminology and Positive Psychology is examined in their
 importance and contribution towards founding the preliminary yet innovative
 discipline of Positive Victimology. However since this domain is an
 enhancement or improvement of already existent terminology there is a need
 to investigate the true theoretical and practical need for a new field while
 weighing the advantages and shortcomings of producing new territory.


Objective To observe the hepatic enzymes changes and analyze the involved factors in the epilepsy pa tients after taking Valproic Acid(VPA),so as to develop the treatment protocol or reduce the side effects.Methods 119 serum concentration samples of VPA were tested,who were diagnosed as epilepsy by the doctors in the First Af filiated Hospital of China Medical University from November 2010 to April 2012,the relationships between liver en zyme changes and age,gender,serum concentration were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results VPA enhanced hepatic enzyme indicators significantly.These indicators were associated to the patients' age only,which were not associated to the gender or serum concentration of VPA.The older age the patients were,the less injury the livers had of patients under 20 years old.Conclusion It is necessary to make out individual therapeutic regimen,especially for the children,all kinds of physiological indicators should be considered,watch the serum concentration of VPA in time,and take corresponding measures,so that the patients' safety can be guaranteed.


This paper investigates the relationship between People's Republic of China's exchange rates and Thailand's exchange rates. The selection of several mixed forecasting consisting of linear model, nonlinear models and copulas approach was experimented of People's Republic of China's exchange rate return in percentage and Thailand's exchange rate return in percentage during 2006 to 2012. The mainly findings of this paper are: Firstly, the Self-Exciting Threshold Autoregressive Model (SETAR Model) and the Autoregressive-linear model (AR-linear Model) were suggested as the appropriate models for China's and Thailand's exchange rates during the specific period, respectively. Secondly, based on copulas approach, the dependence measures are not strong between returns in percentage of China's exchange rates and that of Thailand's exchange rates; different monetary policies and financial system in those two countries are the main reasons.


Contrary to the adage warning against changing test answers, mean gain from changing has been an invariant research finding. Consistency of this gain was tested for students instructed about the research results, and composition of the gain was analyzed by examining the students' reasons for changing. Students in six graduate measurement classes instructed about the answer-changing literature responded to three exams and a questionnaire. Mean gain remained positive and consistent with gain for previously studied uninstructed groups; amount of change was also stable. "Rethinking the item and conceptualizing a better answer" was the most frequent reason given for changing. "Rereading the item and better understanding the question" was the second most cited reason, followed by "rereading/rethinking" combined, and "making a clerical error." For each frequently used reason, wrong-to-right (WR) changes were in the majority. Implications for research and practice are discussed.


Based on the comparation of measurement data before and after hydraulic fracturing test,the drilling cuttings weight,electromagnetic strength and pulse were obviously reduced in the neighbouring areas of closed section,and microseism events were added.The results of this experiment show that hydraulic fracturing can effectively reduce the impact tendentious of coal,reduce the strength of coal,change the release rate and form of energy and transform the distribution condition of abutment pressure.


1. A process for preparing a cured or crystalline maltitol, comprising the steps: a) thinning of the starch milk; b) saccharification of the liquefied starch milk in the presence of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase and a debranching enzyme selected from the group consisting of pullulanase, isoamylase and mixtures thereof; c) optional addition of maltogenic alpha-amylase or isoamylase to liquefy the starch milk during saccharification to obtain a maltose-containing syrup containing at least 85% maltose p account on dry matter and less than 1.5% of glucose on dry solids basis; d) molecular sieve containing maltose syrup to obtain fraction (A) containing at least 95% maltose based on dry substance of fraction (A); e) catalytic hydrogenation of fraction (A) to obtain a liquid product (B) enriched in maltitol; f) increasing the solids content of the liquid product (B) enriched in maltitol; g) crystallization or solidification of liquid maltitol enriched product (C) to obtain a cured or crystalline th maltitol, wherein in step b) saccharification occurs in the presence of residual amounts of alpha-amylase used for liquefaction at a) .2 step. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the saccharification in step b) takes place in the presence of a residual activity of 1% to 4% of the total amount of alpha-amylase used in step razzhizheniya.3. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein for step c) comprising the step of demineralization siropa.4 maltose. . A method according to claim 1, wherein after step f) of the method followed by the additional steps of: i. crystallizing the product (B) on one or multiple crystallization steps


Religion answers the basic question: What are the realities of the environment in which human existence is to be maintained? "Mythic" or "religious" thinking is a mode of understanding, a clarification of the environment. It is an explanatory apparatus which has evolved as a consequence of the evolution of the associational areas and their interconnections in the cortex of the human brain. Religious experience leads to a picture of the environment which is felt to be true. Objectively, this is "adaptive truth" (in Washburn's terms)-a set of cognitive statements that leads to meaningful action within and manipulation of the environment. A religious system is a "cognitive system" (as defined by Geertz and Jensen). Seen from this point of view, a religious (mythic) system is a stage in the evolution of the biologically necessary adaptation of man to his environment-a primordially instinctive biological activity, inherited from the animal kingdom and directed towards survival, that stands halfway between genetically determined automatism and conscious insight. This new behavioral trait took the place of automatic reaction circuits at the moment of the emergence of consciousness in the development of the central nervous system. It is the earliest biologically evolved form of that awareness which at once permits and demands decision-making and choice. "Mythic thinking" was in the past the dominant behavioral reaction of the human nervous system to the biological requirement for orientation. According to Jung, the unconscious mind contains inherited patterns which have formed automatically as a response to regularities (archetypes) within the wealth of discrete sense impressions registered by the nervous system. In this form they are nearest to automatic behavioral patterns of all living beings. These patterns reach consciousness in the form of images ("symbols"). Under the impact of conscious confrontation with the environment, man (the "mythosteller") orders these images into a meaningful whole (a narrative, a "mythologem" in Kerenyi's terms) and experiences it as reality. Mythologems, then, represent archetypic symbols in consciously ordered form. (It is suggested that archetypes might be regarded as the smallest units of mythic narratives and might thus be studied cross-culturally.) When these ordered symbols (god-characters and god-actions) are projected onto reality and correlated with current characteristic phenomena of the environment, an understanding and clarification of the environment (i.e., "meaning") emerges. The projection is automatic (instinctive). It is through this "structural congruence" (in Geertz's terms) with phenomena of the environment that the biological (adaptive) value of the symbols emerges.


We classify 8-divisible binary linear codes with minimum distance 24 and small length. As an application we consider the codes associated to nodal sextics with 65 ordinary double points.


Abstract Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a condition caused by a deficiency in pulmonary surfactant. Many interventions, including pulmonary surfactant, non-invasive respiratory support, and other supportive treatments have been used to prevent RDS. However, recent studies have focused on the continuous positive airway pressure as a significant potential agent for preventing RDS. However, its safety and effectiveness are yet to be assessed. To this end, the current study aims to perform to explore the safety and effectiveness of continuous positive airways in treating neonates with RDS. Methods: We will conduct comprehensive literature searches on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese BioMedical Literature from their inception to April 2021. The search aims to identify all the randomized controlled studies on continuous positive airway pressure in treating neonates with RDS. In addition, we aim to search the gray literature to establish any available potential studies. We will use 2 independent authors to determine study eligibility, extract data using the structured pro-forma table, analyze data, and utilize suitable tools in assessing the risk of bias in the selected studies. Accordingly, we will conduct all statistical analyses using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: The current study aims to provide high-quality synthesis of existing evidence concerning the continuous positive airway pressure to treat neonates suffering from RDS. Conclusion: Our findings seek to provide evidence to establish whether continuous positive airway pressure can ascertain safety and effectiveness for neonates with RDS. Ethics and dissemination: The study will require ethical approval. OSF registration number: May 20, 2021.osf.io/7nj8s. (https://osf.io/7nj8s/).


In view of that there exist some defects when the Extend Kalman Filter(EKF) is employed in the vehicle integrated navigation,the Central Difference Filter(CDKF) as a new nonlinear filtering method is applied to the nonlinear state estimation of the vehicle integrated GPS/DR navigation systems.Compared with the EKF method,the CDKF method not only improves the location precision and algorithmic stability greatly,but also avoids the computing burden of Jacobian matrices.This data fusion algorithm based on CDKF is easy to realize,and meets the requirements of low-cost and high precision.In order to test the validity of the CDKF,the two methods are used to estimate states of the vehicle integrated GPS/DR navigation systems.The results of simulation show that the CDKF is superior to the EKF and is a more ideal nonlinear filtering method for the vehicle integrated GPS/DR navigation.


Several factors, none unique in themselves, combine to make sci-tech libraries and information centers particularly complex operations for which to budget. Those factors are, the "minimal intertial"/program-specific nature of the organizations supported, extensive use of online databases, and proportionately very large expenditures for serials. in consequence sci-tech library budgeting requires particular emphasis upon program budgeting, charging back for services, serials management, the maintenance of strategic service, and upon financial politics. This article discusses these ramifications and makes recommendations for budgeting in a sci-tech library context.


Distributive electrical network (DEN) is considered as an object of automation, which produces electricity as a marketable product. Development and introduction of modern automated control systems and electricity accounting (ACSEA) makes topical the problems of identification of the electrical state of DEN and localization of the coordinates of the uncontrollable (non-normative) disturbing factors, such as unsanctioned use of electricity and leakage currents in the network. Application for this purpose of the existing methods and algorithms in real time presents certain difficulties, because of the stochastic character of separate network parameters, for example, active resistances of the interpersonal sections, which is changed depending on the external factors (temperature, humidity, etc). The paper offers the methodological and algorithmic basics for solving this problem, based on identification of the current state of the distributive electrical network in the presence of the distributing factors. The received results are oriented on development of special software corresponding to the functional tasks (subsystems) of ACSEA.


The oestrous cycle of the mouse is influenced by environmental conditions (Merton, 1937; Van der Lee & Boot, 1955, 1956; Dewar, 1959). Contact with intact, but not castrated, male mice shortens the oestrous cycle (Whitten, 1958; Bruce, 1965). This effect is due to an olfactory pheromone in the urine of male mice (Parkes & Bruce, 1962; Marsden & Bronson, 1964; Bronson & Whitten, 1968). Isolated females usually have cycles 4 to 6 days long, but, if the females


A 42-year-old woman attended the dermatology outpatient department (OPD), with a 2–3 year history of multiple firm flesh-coloured papules localised to her cheeks, periauricular and auricular area (figures 1 and 2). These lesions developed when the patient was in her late 30s. They were asymptomatic. She also had multiple fibroepithelial polyps (skin tags). She had a family history of similar skin lesions (2 sisters and her father). Her medical history was significant for …


Background: Encephalopathy is a rare drug toxicity of fluorouracil therapy. Toxicity from fluorouracil therapy is known to be associated with the individual genetic background of the enzymes, thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Methods: Two patients with advanced gastric cancer and metastatic pancreatic cancer who received 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy presented with acute mental change and hyperammonemia. To evaluate the genetic background of the fluorouracil-associated hyperammonemic encephalopathy, analysis of the polymorphisms of the TYMS, DPYD and MTHFR genes was performed. Results: The patients revealed to be TYMS suppressors showing homogenous deletion of 6 bp in the 3′-UTR and 3RC/3RC genotype in the promoter enhancer region (TSER), respectively. Conclusion: Genetic polymorphisms of the TYMS gene would contribute to the 5-fluorouracil-associated hyperammonemic encephalopathy. The prospective validation of the clinical implication of TYMS gene polymorphisms is warranted.


The concept of bidirectional Web Service is presented,which contributes to the information share in distributed environment.After that idea combines with a specific commercial application,an information share platform concerning realty is introduced.That platform is based on J2EE architecture,accompanies with a security schema.The design and implementation of that platform provides a way by which the distributed components can communicate and share resource with each other.


Composting of agricultural and other wastes :proceedings of a seminar organised by the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General Science, Research and Development, Environment Research Programme, held at Brasenose College, Oxford, UK, 19-20 March 1984 , Composting of agricultural and other wastes :proceedings of a seminar organised by the Commission of... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


Peter Day's research group reported the first molecular superconductor containing paramagnetic metal ions in 1995, β"-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3·C6H5CN. Subsequent research has produced a multitude of BEDT-TTF-tris(oxalato)metallate salts with a variety of structures and properties, including 32 superconductors to date. We present here the synthesis, crystal structure, and conducting properties of the newest additions to the Day series including the first superconductor incorporating the diamagnetic tris(oxalato)aluminate anion, β"-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Al(C2O4)3·C6H5Br, which has a superconducting Tc of ~2.5 K. β"-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Co(C2O4)3·C6H5Br represents the first example of a β" phase for the tris(oxalato)cobaltate anion, but this salt does not show superconductivity.


This article describes the current status of efforts to integrate unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems into the airspace of the U.S. and Europe. It discusses efforts by regulators to agree on certification standards to ensure safety will not be compromised. It also discusses opponents who say the UAVs are being pushed into the airspace too rapidly. Key concerns are technological solutions that will provide transparency and equivalence to manned aircraft to avoid the need for segregating manned from unmanned aircraft. Efforts in Europe are also described. The potential future uses for UAVs are described, though most major developments remain decades away. One manufacturer has come up with 55 different nonmilitary applications. So far, most have envisioned cargo, not passenger service, but the latter is not ruled out.


FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to metallurgy, and namely to a pipe from austenitic stainless steel. The pipe is made from steel containing the following, wt %: 14 to 28% Cr and 6 to 30% Ni. Inner pipe surface is subject to cold deformation so that an area with a disordered orientation of adjacent crystals is formed in pipe metal structure at the depth of 5 to 20 mcm from its inner surface, which meets the following expression: g ≥ 0.3, g=(α/β)×δ/e×100, where g: volumetric ratio of subgrains in the area with disordered orientation of adjacent crystals, which is 5 to 50 degrees, (%); α: sum of the number of pixels on a digital image in the area with disordered orientation of adjacent crystals on a directivity pattern of back scattering of electrons, which is 5 to 50 degrees; β: total number of pixels on a digital image in the measurement area at use of the directivity pattern of back scattering of electrons; e: width of a pitch at analysis of a directivity pattern of back scattering of electrons (mcm); δ: width of inter-grain boundary (mcm). EFFECT: steel pipe has high stability to oxidation with water vapour, including at temperatures close to 700°C. 4 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex


This paper states the mechanism of mechanically alloying its application in rare earth permanent magnet materials.And point out the main problems to be solved in the manufacture of rare earth parmanent magnet alloy by the mechanically alloying technique.


Coordinating our urban commerce and countryside commerce is of a critical path to harmonize urban and rural development under the perspective of modern commerce circulation.This article focused on how to coordinate our urban commerce and countryside commerce,and put forward three paths such as choosing the industries and enhancing the competitiveness of agriculture,space optimization and building new pattern of rural development,improving service and strengthening service system of the rural commerce,on the basis of review of the relevant literature and policies about coordinating the urban and rural development.It is believed the conclusions of this article provide theoretical guidance for coordinating urban and rural development and building a socialist new countryside.


Lead-based hybrid perovskites have sparked substantial research interests due to immense progress in the fields of optoelectronics and photocatalysis. However, owing to the environmental issues of lead toxicity, lead-free hybrid...