Think of Finland and perhaps you think of vast forests, lakes, saunas, and vodka. Finland also has some of the best schools in the world and I set out to examine why this is the case. My mother is Finnish and when I visit her, I also visit my cousins, most of whom are teachers in the Finnish school system. I like to go visit their schools to see the similarities and differences between them and the schools where I have taught in America. I asked my cousin Tina, who teaches third grade, to explain what makes Finnish schools so good.


Introduction: The expert multidisciplinary (MDT) approach is crucial for the accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILD), however the presence of this MDT is not always possible in centers with ILD management. Objectives: To evaluate the relevance of each disciplinary approach (clinical, biochemical, radiological, histological) included in the MDT assessment of ILD patients. Methods: Prospective observational study of all first visits evaluated in the ILD Unit during 2014. The assessment was determined by; A-1) detailed history, complete autoimmunity and precipitin, genetic study to family suspected, A-2) identifying radiological pattern of chest tomography (HRCT) by two independent radiologists, A-3) Pathology, A-4): MDT committee discussion (cases in which A1+/- A2 or A3 did not reach the diagnosis). Results: From the included 158 cases (89 men, mean age 64.4 years), 77 patients were referred from primary care centers and local hospitals. The median time from the visit request to the diagnosis was 4.97 months (IQR 7.8). 91 had an initial diagnosis, which was modified in 18 cases: 3 by A-1, 1 by A-3, 5 by A-4, 9 by A-1+A-2. The final diagnosis was obtained in 149 cases. From the 9 patients with no diagnosis: 6 had advanced age and/or comorbidities, and 3 by low diagnostic yield of lung biopsy (incipient disease). A-4 was made in 23 cases (14.6%). 48 samples of lung pathology were analyzed (31 surgical biopsy and 17 cryobiopsy). Conclusions: The MDT committee discussion is mandatory in almost one third of cases for the final diagnosis. An exhaustive clinical and serological study together with an expert radiological evaluation is the most effective requirement to manage ILD patients.


Against the problems existing in reliability verification and evaluation, this article, based on small ships, presents a discussion about the feasibility of a classical reliability verification method on ships. A specific solving method is put forward for on-site statistic verification test, which solves the mentioned problem in a certain degree.


Background. International strategic alliances are becoming one of the most appropriate forms of partnership between domestic IT firms and leading foreign IT companies. However, gaining membership in such an alliance without prior planning can result not only in benefits but also significant losses, which are often ignored and not calculated in advance by domestic representatives of the IT-industry. An analysis of recent research and publications has shown that, despite the existence of some scientific developments, the issues related to determining the advantages and disadvantages of international strategic alliances in the field of information technologies remain unresolved. The aim of the article is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of creating international strategic alliances in the field of information technologies. Materials and methods. Methods of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction are applied. Results. The advantages and disadvantages of international strategic alliances in the IT sphere are identified and characterized. The key advantages of creating international strategic alliances in the IT sphere include: maintaining a greater share of autonomy; achieving new goals; expanding the customer base; improving the quality of services, goods; financial infusions; avoidance of tariff and non-tariff restrictions; expanding the database of contacts. The key shortcomings of the creating international strategic alliances in the IT sphere include: loss of autonomy of management and control; «brain»drain; copyright disputes; uneven costs; differences in terminology; cultural and language barriers; unforeseen conflicts. Conclusion. The need for careful substantiation of decisions on the entry of domestic IT companies into the international strategic alliance has been established. It is argued that the advantages and disadvantages of international strategic alliances in the IT field in most cases depend on the position taken by partners in the creation of ISAs.


4-hydroxy-4 ,-nitro azobenzene (intermediate A), glycerin monoether of 4-[(p-nitrophenyl) a-zoxy] phenol (intermediate B) were synthesized from 4-nitroaniline, sodium nitrite, hydrochloric acid and epichlorohydrin by means of diazo-reaction, coupling and Williamson reaction.The hyperbranched polyesters with terminal- COOH groups were prepared from trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) by means of esterification.The carboxyl groups on the hyperbranched polyesters were transformed into azobenzenes by means of ring opening reaction with glycerin monoether of 4-[ (p-nitrophenyl) azoxy] phenol.The monomers and polymers were characterized by means of FTIR, UV/Vis, DSC, 1H-NMR and GPC.


Keywords: Picture–word task Audiovisual speech perception U-shaped developmental function Phonological processing Picture word interference Picture naming Multimodal speech processing Dynamic systems theory a b s t r a c t This research developed a multimodal picture–word task for assessing the influence of visual speech on phonological processing by 100 children between 4 and 14 years of age. We assessed how manipulation of seemingly to-be-ignored auditory (A) and audiovisual (AV) phonological distractors affected picture naming without participants consciously trying to respond to the manipulation. Results varied in complex ways as a function of age and type and modality of distractors. Results for congruent AV distractors yielded an inverted U-shaped function with a significant influence of visual speech in 4-year-olds and 10-to 14-year-olds but not in 5-to 9-year-olds. In concert with dynamic systems theory, we proposed that the temporary loss of sensitivity to visual speech was reflecting reorganization of relevant knowledge and processing subsystems, particularly phonology. We speculated that reorganization may be associated with (a) formal literacy instruction and (b) developmental changes in multimodal processing and auditory perceptual, linguistic, and cognitive skills. Introduction Speech communication by adults is naturally a multimodal event with auditory and visual speech integrated mandatorily. This basic property of mature speech perception is illustrated dramatically by 0022-0965/$-see front matter Ó 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


A 71-year-old man presented to the emergency room with complaints of progressive dyspnoe and pain in both lower extremities. His medical history consisted of multiple idiopathic deep vein thrombosis, familial deafness and cholecystolithiasis. Clinical examination revealed large varicose veins in both lower extremities. A following electrocardiogram, echocardiography and radio graphy of the thorax were normal (not shown). D-dimeren had risen for which an angio CT of the thorax was performed. This showed no pulmonary embolism (not shown). A venous duplex of the lower extremities revealed insufficiency of both the superficial and deep venous system (not shown). An abdominal CT with intravenous contrast injection showed absence of the infrarenal inferior vena cava (Fig. A), absence of the common iliac veins, enlarged ascending lumbar veins (Fig. B) and prominent anterior paravertebral collateral veins (Fig. C) which lead to a prominent azygos vein (Fig. C). A complex venous collateral circulation was found infrarenally (Fig. A) as well as in the abdominal wall (Fig. D). The suprarenal IVC was normal (Fig. E), formed by confluence of the renal veins. Multiple calcifications in the enlarged internal and external iliac veins confirm a history of deep vein thrombosis (Fig. F).


Progress is reported on the modelling, via RANS closures, of two swirling turbulent flows important in aeronautics: the trailing wing-tip vortex and the flow in rotor-stator cavities. For the former the decay of the vortex is only well captured at second-moment level while, for the latter, an unsteady flow computation brings out large-scale organized structures, with the number of structures varying with cavity aspect ratio and Reynolds number, a result qualitatively in accord with experiment.


Optical fiber preform is the core in the industry of optical fiber manufacturing, and vapor deposition is used in general internationally of which the raw material is expensive and the craft is complex. To reduce the cost of optical fiber,we selected tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and H2O as raw material, ethanol as solvent, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ammonia water as catalyst,in the condition of using different anti-cracking agent, including formamide (CH3NO), oxalic acid (C2H2O4), polyethyleneglycol 2000 (HO(C2H4O)nH), N, N-dimethyl formamide(C3H7NO) and glycerol(C3H8O3), to prepare SiO2 dry gel by sol-gel method in this paper. This paper mainly researched on the effect of anti-cracking agent on the cracking property of SiO2 dry gel. The XRD analysis indicated that the samples' microstructures were amorphous. All kinds of anti-cracking agent were worked, but the effect on anti-cracking was different,and the dry gel which was added C3HNO was smooth and optimum, which were confirmed by the results of SEM. The analysis of the transmittance showed that the transmittance of dry gel with C3H8O3 was more than 92 percent.


Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common in women malignancy in world. In East Java, the prevalence of breast cancer tends to increase every year. Dr.
Soetomo hospital receives approximately 500 new patients of cancer each year.
Most of them have reached an advanced stage and require chemotherapy. Determination of diagnosis at an advanced stage leads to reduce choice of therapy and lower chance of successful treatment.
Methods: Used a case-control design with 70 respondents obtained by
concecutive sampling techniques. The instrument uses interview guides and questionnaires were analyzed using univariate (frequency distribution table),
bivariate (Chi-Square/ Fisher's Exact) and multivariate (logistic regression). To
interpret the influence of the delay factor is expressed by Odds Ratio (OR) using Confidence Interval (CI) of 95%. The independent varables in this study were
classified into three: predisposing factors (education, knowledge and fear), enabling factors (economic conditions, affordability facilities, alternative medication and health insurance) and reinforcing factors (support).
Result: The result of logistic regression showed that there are two significant variables affecting delayed diagnosis. They are education (p value=0,022; OR=3,571) and alternative medication (p value=0,004) with OR=5,123.
Conclusion: The government should give the licence and supervise the alternative treatment practice accurately and the public more careful in choosing in treatment.


The whole area of laboratory screening for thrombophilias in stroke patients is shrouded in uncertainty as to which (if any) patients to screen, what laboratory tests to order, how to interpret the results, and when to change therapy. To answer these questions, it is important to define the conditions and to consider their prevalence in the community and in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and stroke; the likely attributable risk of stroke for each, if any, of the thrombophilias; the costs of the laboratory tests for thrombophilias; and the effectiveness of the results of testing in optimizing patient management and outcome.

There is no internationally accepted definition of thrombophilia, but the term is commonly used to describe disorders of the hemostatic mechanisms that are likely to predispose to thrombosis.1 Thrombophilia may be inherited (deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin; activated protein C resistance resulting from the factor V Leiden mutation; the prothrombin gene [20210 G/A] mutation; and dysfibrinogenemia), acquired (lupus anticoagulant [LA] and anticardiolipin [ACL] antibodies), or mixed or unknown (high levels of coagulation factor VIII, IX, or XI; high levels of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor).

At least 1 thrombophilic disorder is present in ≈10% to 15% of the white Western European population,2 and as highlighted in the study by Jerrard-Dunne et al3 in this issue of Stroke , the distribution of blood concentrations of coagulation proteins, and thus diagnostic criteria and prevalence of thrombophilias, varies among other well-defined ethnic groups such …


Social media is becoming increasingly relevant in contemporary elections, but assessments of its impact are mixed, ranging from those who believe it to be a transformative, democratising force, to others who argue that its equalising promise has gone unfulfilled due to inherent vulnerabilities of the medium, or to 'user gaps', that is, the failure of users to embrace the interactive technologies to their full potential. For this paper, I have analysed the social media activity of Tony Abbott and Kevin Rudd throughout the 2013 Australian federal election. Using qualitative coding to facilitate comparison between candidates and social media platforms, I compare their social media activity, with particular focus on the extent to which each candidate used the interactive capabilities of social media, as well as the balance of personality-based content to policy content. I conclude with a discussion of whether Abbott's and Rudd's social media activities during the 2013 election represented a shift in campaign communication style, or simply an extension of standard broadcast media campaign tactics to a new platform.


This quasi-experimental research was conducted with two purposes:
1) to investigate the effects of tiered instruction and gamification teaching method on students' English oral communication ability in overall and analytical views and
2) investigate the effects between tiered instruction and gamification teaching method and conventional instruction on students' English oral communication ability. The participants were ninth grade students of a small-sized secondary school in Chumphon, selected by purposive sampling into two mixed-ability classrooms.They were cluster-randomly assigned into experimental group with 22 students learned by tiered instruction and gamification teaching method, and control group of 18 students learned by conventional instruction. The research instruments consisted of (1) parallel pre- and post-test of English oral communication (2) lesson plans of tiered instruction and gamification teaching method, and (3) lesson plans of conventional instruction. The data collection procedure was 100 minutes per week for 8 weeks. The collected data were analyzed by arithmetic mean, standard deviation, paired-sample t-test, and independent-sample t-test.

����������� The result of this study showed that

����������� 1) The experimental group had higher mean scores of English oral communication ability in overall view than before the experiment at .05 significant level. Besides, their mean scores in four out of five elements of English oral communication ability namely content, vocabulary use, fluency, grammatical structure, improved at .05 significant level.

����������� 2) The experimental group had higher mean score of English oral communication ability than the control group at .05 significant level. Moreover, mean scores in three elements of English oral communication ability including fluency, grammatical structure, and pronunciation of the experimental group were higher than the mean scores of control group at .05 significant level.


This paper considers the relative efficiency of ad valorem and unit taxes in imperfectly competitive markets. We provide a simple proof that ad valorem taxes are welfare-superior to unit taxes in the short run when production costs are identical across firms. The proof covers differentiated products and a wide range of market conduct. Cost asymmetries strengthen the case for ad valorem taxation under Cournot competition, but unit taxation may be welfare-superior under Bertrand competition with product differentiation. Ad valorem taxation is superior with free entry under Cournot competition, but not necessarily under price competition when consumers value variety.


1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an ethylene inhibiting regulator, is commercially available in the form of an inclusion complex with α-cyclodextrin (α-CD). In this study, molecular encapsulation of gaseous 1-MCP into aqueous α-CD was investigated in a closed, agitated vessel with a flat gas–liquid interface. Molecular encapsulation of gaseous 1-MCP by α-CD is a simultaneous two-step reaction which involves the aqueous dissolution of gaseous 1-MCP and the encapsulation of the dissolved molecules by α-CD. The kinetics and mechanism of molecular encapsulation were analyzed based on the depletion rate of 1-MCP in the headspace of the vessel. The encapsulation rates could be explained quantitatively by the gas absorption theory with a pseudo-first-order reaction between 1-MCP and α-CD. The negative value of the calculated apparent activation energy of encapsulation (−24.4 kJ/mol) implied the significant effect of exothermic aqueous dissolution of 1-MCP. An encapsulation temperature of 15 °C was optimal; at this ...


it is true that in explicit terms ' The nature and content of Buddhist wisdom seems to strike a distinct note' (p. 125), none the less at the highest level of truth all explicit ' views' (drsti) are to be abandoned: ' in Nirvana there is no Buddhism' (p. 124). But he does not follow those many others who have made the further step of asserting ' what they call the basic unity of all religions' (p. 129), and ends rather with these wise words: ' How a Vivekananda or a Gandhi or a Radhakrishnan can be sure of the identity of Nirvana and Allah, for example, is not clear to me. As far as I am surrounded by imperfections and as far as I am faring in samsara, I cannot be so presumptuous as to maintain that Kaivalya and the Kingdom of Heaven are merely two names of one and the same reality' (p. 130). This position seems to me to be eminently sensible, and highly suitable for Buddhist dhammaduta activity. Also striking, for its thoroughness and intelligence, is L. S. Cousins's painstaking survey of the uses of the terms samatha and vipassana, ' calm' and ' insight' respectively, in all periods of Theravada literature. These two forms of meditation practice, and particularly the problematic status of the attainment of nirodha,' cessation ', the culmination of samatha, have been the subject of much interest of late. Two other close textual studies deserve mention. Phra Khantipalo's translation and commentary on a poem from the Atthakavagga of the Sutta Nipata successfully attempts, in the manner of Saddhatissa's own rendering of this text, published recently, to extract from these difficult verses a religious teaching, or perhaps better a religious attitude, which is relevant to the present day (the content of which usefully complements Joshi's article). M. Palihawadana studies the first two verses of the Dhammapada, and by looking at a variety of commentarial passages which deal with the matter by means of the later Theravada ideas of the bhavanga and citta-vTthi processes, arrives at a new appreciation of them. Other articles deal with matters of Buddhist art, linguistics, history, and other areas. Unfortunately, typographical errors are very much more frequent than one would like. This is more important in some cases than others, of course, but is particularly obscuring in the case of K. R. Norman's very detailed investigation of ' The metres of the Lakkhana-suttanta', where clearly absolute precision is essential. One must also say that the long period of gestation of the volume has had its effects on the final product. A large number of people have been involved, and although Gombrich and Norman are named as editors, both are the first to agree that they had little to do with the book in its final stages. In fact, a great deal of the final editorial work was done by Russell Webb, named as 'Joint Secretary U.K.', who contributes one of the three opening tributes to Dr. Saddhatissa. Sometimes the length of time over which articles were collected shows in minor ways: for example, L. N. Perera is able to refer (p. 210, n. 45) to the collection of papers edited by H. Bechert in 1980 as 'The language of the earliest Buddhist traditions', while Walpola Rahula, in the immediately following article on ' Pali as a language for transmitting an authentic religious tradition', is not. (Neither are able to refer to K. R. Norman's now indispensable guide to these and related matters in Pali literature, published in 1983.) None of these remarks should, however, detract from the warm welcome to be accorded to the book. No doubt other reviewers would, and will select other articles for discussion. I hope enough has been said here to show that the volume succeeds admirably both in honouring Dr. Saddhatissa, and in making a valuable, if rather heterogeneous contribution to the study of Buddhism.


We identify several types of gauge theories, which together comprise a very broad range, in which the observation of neutrinoless double beta decay would imply a significant lower bound on neutrino mass. We explain why these gauge theories have this property.


High-resolution multiplexed tissue imaging such as imaging mass cytometry (IMC) has enabled quantitative cell characterization with preserved tissue architecture. However, the subcellular resolution information has not been fully leveraged yet, as most analyses have focused on cellular or compartment level features. Here, we have developed a robust computational approach integrating cellular spatial and molecular features in multiplexed images to quantify immune synapses. Our approach enables computational detection of subcellular enrichment of T cell co-receptors at immune synapses, which are key regulators of T cell functions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We quantified immune synapse strength between T cells and various antigen-presenting cells in tumor regions in one melanoma whole tissue immunofluorescence dataset and two independent melanoma IMC datasets covering 99 patients. We observed that sub-localizations of immune synapse-related molecules are highly correlated, e.g. CD3 with CD8. These co-localizations are cell type-specific, with differential behaviors in CD4+ or CD8+ T subtypes. Intra-tumoral T-cell-myeloid synapses are associated with improved T cell proliferation (p = 2.8E-4). In addition, we also observed that cytotoxic T cell - melanoma synapses in immune rich regions are stronger in immune checkpoint inhibition therapy responders than in non-responding patients (p = 0.013). Our approach enables computational resolution of spatial inter-cellular interactions within the TME, is applicable across imaging modalities, and facilities assessment of biological and clinical significance.
 Citation Format: Zichao Liu, Victor G. Wang, Jan Martinek, Ali Foroughi pour, Jie Zhou, Karolina Palucka, Jeffrey H. Chuang. Computational analysis of immune synapses in melanoma tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5883.


Objective:
To investigate the effects of chemerin on the proliferation, migration and tube formation of choroid retinal vascular endothelial cells (RF/6A) in the rhesus monkey in vitro.

Methods:
In this experimental study, RF/6A cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: a control group, and 3 chemerin groups treated with concentrations of 5, 10 or 20 ng/ml. The cells were cultured in a RPMI-1640 medium. After 24 h and 48 h in the culture, the MTT method was used to detect RF/6A cell proliferation. Cell migration was detected by scratch test, and cell tube formation was detected by matrigel. A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the data of the multiple groups.

Results:
MTT results showed that 10 ng/ml and 20 ng/ml concentrations of chemerin significantly promoted cell proliferation compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the 5 ng/ml concentration group and the control group. Cell migration results showed that the three different concentrations of chemerin significantly promoted cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. The difference between groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The three different concentrations of chemerin significantly promoted cell tube formation in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) in the treated groups compared to the control group.

Conclusions:
Chemerin can promote the proliferation, migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells, suggesting that chemerin may play an important role in retinal neovascularization.

Key words:
chemerin; retinopathy; angiogenesis


Some real-world applications involve situations where different physical phenomena acting on very different time scales occur simultaneously. The partial differential equations (PDEs) governing such situations are categorized as "stiff" PDEs. Stiffness is a challenging property of differential equations (DEs) that prevents conventional explicit numerical integrators from handling a problem efficiently. For such cases, stability (rather than accuracy) requirements dictate the choice of time step size to be very small. Considerable effort in coping with stiffness has gone into developing time-discretization methods to overcome many of the constraints of the conventional methods. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in exponential integrators that have emerged as a viable alternative for dealing effectively with stiffness of DEs.

Our attention has been focused on the explicit Exponential Time Differencing (ETD) integrators that are designed to solve stiff semi-linear problems. Semi-linear PDEs can be split into a linear part, which contains the stiffest part of the dynamics of the problem, and a nonlinear part, which varies more slowly than the linear part. The ETD methods solve the linear part exactly, and then explicitly approximate the remaining part by polynomial approximations.
The first aspect of this project involves an analytical examination of the methods' stability properties in order to present the advantage of these methods in overcoming the stability constraints. Furthermore, we discuss the numerical difficulties in approximating the ETD cofficients, which are functions of the linear term of the PDE. We address ourselves to describing various algorithms for approximating the cofficients, analyze their performance and their computational cost, and weigh their advantages for an efficient implementation of the ETD methods.

The second aspect is to perform a variety of numerical experiments to evaluate the usefulness of the ETD methods, compared to other competing stiff integrators, for integrating real application problems. The problems considered include the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, the nonlinear Schr�odinger equation and the nonlinear Thin Film equation, all in one space dimension. The main properties tested are accuracy, start-up overhead cost and overall computation cost, since these parameters play key roles in the overall eciency of the methods.


Synthetic methods using age, race, sex and Hispanic origin (ARSH) arrays specific to regions have been used in combination with survey data to produce inexpensive estimates of health insurance coverage for different geographic regions. Because health insurance status is typically derived from survey data, a synthetic approach is unreliable when a region has few persons in sample with certain ARSH characteristics. For instance, a region with few persons of Hispanic origin and sparse survey coverage will produce less reliable estimates for that population subgroup. This article focuses on a hybrid model of synthetic estimation and hierarchical modeling. Hierarchical modeling can minimize the unexplained differences between regions making it possible to increase the reliability of the health insurance status estimates. Information on health insurance status and age, race, sex and Hispanic origin comes from the Survey of Income and Program Participation. State-level variables that influence the State's average health insurance rate were gathered from multiple sources.


The Adiabatic Gauge Potential (AGP) is the generator of adiabatic deformations between quantum eigenstates. There are many ways to construct the AGP operator and evaluate the AGP norm. Recently, it was proposed that a Gram-Schmidt-type algorithm can be used to explicitly evaluate the expression of the AGP. We employ a version of this approach by using the Lanczos algorithm to evaluate the AGP operator in terms of Krylov vectors and the AGP norm in terms of the Lanczos coefficients. It has the advantage of minimizing redundancies in evaluating the nested commutators in the analytic expression for the AGP operator. The algorithm is used to explicitly construct the AGP operator for some simple systems. We derive an integral transform relation between the AGP norm and the autocorrelation function of the deformation operator. We present a modification of the Variational approach to derive the regulated AGP norm. Using this, we approximate the AGP to varying degrees of success. Finally, we compare and contrast the quantum-chaos-probing capacities of the AGP and K-complexity in view of the Operator Growth Hypothesis.


by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. From the measured interlamellar spacings ranging from λ = 0.18 to 0.5 µm, the solidification front velocities and the cooling rates at different positions in the as-cast samples are derived. The decisive effect of the diameter of cast rods is confirmed. For a centrifugal casting technique, the maximum cooling rate decreases from 730 to 95 K/s when the diameter increases from 2 to 5 mm. Moreover, it is revealed that the local cooling rates decrease significantly from the bottom towards the top of the rods. From the estimated cooling rates at a fixed rod diameter the centrifugal casting technique is assessed as superior to other methods applied, namely copper-mould casting and suction casting. The estimated cooling rates are compared with literature data for glass-forming alloys.


Yields of molecular ions desorbed from surfaces by energetic heavy ions have been studied using a thermal spike model. A temperature profile was assumed which is appropriate for high linear energy transfer (LET) ion‐solid interactions. The desorption kinetics were assumed to follow a simple Arrhenius rate law which has been found to be useful in understanding desorption due to rapid temperature jumps. With these assumptions, we have fit recent desorption experiments where the exciting ions had a LET in the range of 10–100 MeV cm2 mg−1 and where the desorbed molecules ranged from valine to insulin. The thermal spike model predicted nonlinear dependence of the yield on LET at lower LET and a nearly linear dependence of the yield on LET at high LET. These features are in good agreement with the experimental data. We also considered modified models which included a loss channel due to fragmentation. These models gave somewhat better agreement with the experimental data. The parameters obtained in these fits w...


An improved method is developed to invert a one-dimensional east-west electrojet from the H component of the geomagnetic disturbances measured along a meridian chain of magnetometer stations. This nonlinear inversion method is based on the flexible tolerance method. The main difference between this new method and the previous methods is that the height, the width and the location of the auroral electrojet current are determined together from the data by the flexible tolerance method, rather than assumed or calculated independently as in the previous methods. It should be noted also that the method presented in this paper is fast enough to allow a real-time display of the inverted electrojet current distribution by a workstation.


Electron transport in nanowires of hydrogenated amorphous silicon recrystallized by electron beam annealing has been studied. Wire length dependent electrical characteristics have been measured at low temperatures. Evidence for single electron effects with I–V characteristics has been presented. Transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence data are used to support the electrical results. The Coulomb blockade effect is modeled as a combination of hopping conduction between a limited number of trapping sites in amorphous regions or at grain boundaries with additional Coulomb blockade effects as well as a confinement due to potential fluctuations arising from dopant distribution.


The aim of this study has been to examine if an implementation of a One Stop Shop in the public sector and its IT-support can serve as a motor for business development. By examine the relation betw ...


Decision Tree is one of the most important method for datamining,the choice of testing attribute will touch the depth and nodes of decision tree.In this paper we bring forward a new approach to decision tree construction based on knowledge roughness.By comparation we find that the new method has less compute capacity and constructed decision tree is concision with higher classify precision.


We propose an SO(18) grand unified model that predicts three light generations, if the horizontal symmetry below the grand-unification scale is chosen to be Sp(4) x SU(2)/sub d/. A novel feature of this model is the existence of an unbroken SU(2) gauge symmetry, under which the light generations are singlets. This raises some interesting phenomenological possibilities.


Ultrasonic flow metering(UFM) technology is being received much attention from a variety of industrial
fields to exactly measure the flow rate. The UFM has much advantage over other conventional flow meter
systems, since it has no moving parts, and offers good accuracy and reliability without giving any
disturbances to measure the flow rate, thereby not causing pressure losses in the flow fields. In the present
study, 3-dimensional, unsteady, compressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by a finite volume scheme,
based upon the second order upwind scheme for spatial derivatives and the multi-stage Runge-Kutta integral
method for time derivatives. In order to simulate multi-path ultrasonic flow meter, an excited pressure signal
is applied to three different locations upstream, and the pressure signals are received at three different
locations downstream. The mean flow velocities are calculated by the time difference between upstream and
downstream propagating pressure signals. The obtained results show that the present CFD method simulates
successfully ultrasonic meter gas flow and the mean velocity measured along the chord near the wall is
considerably influenced by the boundary layers.


A subject often recurring in financial papers, is the pricing of stocks and securities when the rate of return is stochastic. In most cases, the stocks considered are assumed not to pay out any dividend. In the present contribution we want to show how it is possible to obtain upper and lower bounds for the (distribution of the) accumulated value of a dividend paying security at a future time t, when the logarithm of the stock price is modelled by means of a Wiener process. 1 Description of the problem For t ≥ 0, let S(t) denote the price of a non-dividend paying stock or security at time t. We then have S(t) = S0eX(t), (1) assuming that there exists a stochastic process X(t) with stationary and independent increments, representing the stochastic continuous compounded rate of return over the period [0, t]. In the classical assumption, stock prices are log-normally distributed, and the process X(t) is a Wiener process. If we look at the total period [0, t] as a number of subperiods, say years, months, weeks etc., it is useful to write the value of X(t) at time t by means ∗ University of Antwerp, Belgium † K.U.Leuven, Belgium and University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands ‡ K.U.Leuven, Belgium and University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands § K.U.Leuven, Belgium ¶ University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands


In "Dancing with History," a paper presented at an international conference on contemporary Anglophone drama called "Crucible of Cultures" held at the University of Brussels in May 2001, Timberlake Wertenbaker explores the tradition of Western literature from Greek tragedy to contemporary drama in order to define history, or rather histories. Stating that "history is no longer an agreed narrative of heroes," Wertenbaker claims that we can actually "choose" one history or another to dance with and the playwrights of the 21st century are to discover what it is like. In "Everyone comes to Cafe Europa," published in the internet magazine Open Democracy on Aug. 7, 2001, Wertenbaker distinguishes two different spaces, Fortress Europe and Cafe Europe. She defines Fortress Europe which includes the EU countries as a "suspicious," hostile, and closed space; she describes Cafe Europe as very much like any other cafes in London where people meet and talk, read papers, listen to music, and get information. Cafe Europe, however, is mostly frequented by exiles, refugees, and poor immigrants from the third world countries. Wertenbaker shows her definite preference for Cafe Europe for its sense of warmth, acceptance, and openness. These two essays were written in the same year as the first production of Credible Witness and demonstrate Wertenbaker's sense of history and concept of space, respectively. Wertenbaker presents Alexander and Petra Karagy, Macedonians from northern Greece and burdened by the history of Macedonia before they come to England, as the main characters. She shakes their sense of history and wakes them up to present reality of world problems by having them meet refugees from Africa, Eastern Europe, and Sri Lanka at a community center and a detention center in London. These places become a liminal space or borderland where individual and nation, past history and present situation, oppression and freedom clash, and, however imperfect they are, function as places where people meet and experience healing and change. Alexander and Petra realize that they have been preoccupied by Macedonian history and are released from it and experience expansion of consciousness. Interweaving historical (or diachronic) and descriptive (or synchronic) views of history, Wertenbaker argues that not only the glorious history of Macedonia peaked by Alexander the Great, but political persecutions, ethnic cleansing, and geographical conflicts occurring around the world nowadays which cause massive transnational refugees are also important histories that we have to face and deal with - or dance with, quoting her own phrase. In order to project her idea of history and utopian world view, Wertenbaker presents a border-crossing child who suggests a "common mechanism," a new theory of history which incorporates all humanity, in Credible Witness.


BACKGROUND
The positive effect of human cystatin C on the development of Alzheimer's disease has been reported, as it inhibits the formation of β-amyloid oligomers and amyloidogenesis. Cystatin C has been found to have a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting cysteine proteases, inducing autophagy and neurogenesis. There is a growing interest in the procognitive properties of colostrum-based specimens, which could delay dementia and ameliorate memory deterioration.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of ovocystatin and a Coloco peptide complex on the cognitive functions in reference to Colostrinin, using a model of young (4 month-old) and old (10-month-old) Wistar rats.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
In the present study, the effects of ovocystatin [100 μg/rat] and the Coloco peptide [4 μg/rat]derived from colostrum were assessed with respect to the reference specimen, Colostrinin [4 μg/rat]. The specimens were administered intraperitoneally and orally for 12 days. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM).

RESULTS
The group of young rats that received ovocystatin orally obtained significantly better results in the MWM compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). Similarly, the group of young rats receiving Coloco orally obtained better results in the MWM compared to the placebo group and to the group of rats receiving Colostrinin (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the oral and intraperitoneal administration of ovocystatin, Coloco and Colostrinin in the group of old rats.

CONCLUSIONS
The obtained results suggest that oral administration of ovocystatin and Coloco has beneficial effects on the cognitive functions of young rats.


This paper deals with the design construction aspect of a Metro Railway underground Station in Delhi under Delhi Metro Railway project - Phase III. Proposed station building is 250 m long, 20m wide and 16.5m deep. Station is placed 2.5m below road level. Building is having three levels of slabs, namely roof, concourse and base slab. Geological formation of the zone exhibits moderately weathered quartzite rock at a depth of 6 m to 17m below ground level with silty sand topping.


S Psychiatria Danubina, 2022; Vol. 34, Suppl. 4, pp 29-877 S231 study were Generalized Anxiety Disorde-7 (GAD-7) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Results: The GAD-7 test results of the two groups of students before and after the experiment are shown in Table 1. It is obvious from Table 1 that the anxiety levels of the two groups of students before the beginning of the experiment of Chinese language and literature learning are similar, while the anxiety levels of the experimental group decreased significantly after the end of Chinese language and literature learning, while there is no obvious change in the control group. After statistical analysis, it can be found that there is a significant difference in the anxiety level between the two groups after the learning of Chinese language and literature (P < 0.05), but there is no significant difference in the control group. Table 1. Comparison of self-rating anxiety test results between the two groups Control group Experimental group Before the experiment 8.65 8.56 After the experiment 6.44 8.22 Conclusions: Anxiety is a kind of negative psychological state when individuals face dangerous or uncertain factors. Too serious anxiety will affect the normal life of individuals and the normal development of groups. At present, students have group anxiety that needs to be paid attention to due to academic, campus interpersonal relations, culture and family relations. Because of their environment and education, the performance of students' anxiety characteristics is also closely related to education. Based on the influence of literary aesthetics on students' psychological state under the environment of the gradual development of educational innovation, this paper studies the inclusion of Chinese language and literature into students' elective learning courses according to the anxiety problems faced by students, compares the psychological state of students who study Chinese language and literature with those who do not study Chinese language and literature, and carries out students' psychological state according to the conventional learning and education methods. The experimental results show that the learning of Chinese language and literature can significantly reduce the anxiety level of students.


The story of the past life of Buddha Gotama has become one of the most important discussions in Buddhist philosophy. The stories of his life are recorded in the Pāli Canon mainly in the Jātaka texts (birth stories of the Buddha). Jataka stories have obtained popularity in ancient times in Buddhist countries such as India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and even Indonesia. Its reputation which appeared in many Jātaka stories is being put into Buddhist art and architecture. In Indonesia, Jataka stories are found among reliefs on the walls of Candi Buddhist, such as Candi Sojiwan, Mendut and Borobudur. However, at present time there are no books that try to discuss Jātaka story carved on the walls of these temples thoroughly and systematically. This research tries to identify reliefs of Jātaka found in three Candi that are located in Central Java namely Candi Sojiwan, Mendut and Borobudur. The theory used in this research is Semiotics theory of Charles Shanders Pierce. This theory is used to interpret the signs contained in the reliefs of the Candi by using triangle of meaning ie., interpretants (researchers), objects (reliefs on the three Candis) and signs. Within the sign there are three things being analized namely icons, indexes and symbols. In relation to the icon, the researchers identify the images on the relief as they are. Then, in indexes, the researchers interpret images that have been identified in accordance with the existing context. For example, the icon that reveals the images of humans, crowns, and jewelry show that someone who wore the crown and jewelry was identified as a high standing one or even a king. Because these three Candis are Buddhist temples, the symbols given are of course tend to be of Buddhist context. When certain reliefs are identified to have represented certain Jātaka stories, they are considered objects that symbolize the Jātaka story. In this research there are 109 panel reliefs from three Candis that have been successfully studied. Among 109 panel reliefs there are 38 panels indentified as representing Jātaka stories. In Candi Sojiwan, 20 panel reliefs are found, but only 8 panels have been identified as telling the story of Jātaka. From 45 panels, 15 panel reliefs in Candi Mendut have been found to represent the Jātaka story. Meanwhile, 230 panel reliefs in Borobudur temple are then reduced to 44 panels and 15 are successfully identified to have links to Jātaka stories.


The main purpose of the paper is to present the results of probabilistic homogenization of the fiber-reinforced composites with stochastic interface defects. The mathematical model of the composite is based on the interphase containing all interface defects which are averaged within this region. Next, the effective modules method is applied to compute the effective thermoelastic characteristics of the composite. The probabilistic characteristics of the homogenized material properties tensor are obtained using the Monte-Carlo simulation technique linked with the Finite Element Method based program. Some further developments of the approach presented finishing the paper.


Tony Smith considers that 'the central ambition of American foreign policy in the twentieth century . . . was to make the world safe for democracy'. Yet 'no study exists examining the common purposes and ultimate consequences' of the various related policies Washington has devoted to this end over the past century. He attributes that 'major gap' to the various narrow professional paradigms which have dominated American social science since the 1940s ('realism' in international relations; 'middle range theory' in comparative politics; and economic reductionism among Marxists) all of which have served to deflect attention away from this big picture. In the author's view not only the intentions, but also the international consequences of Washington's democracy-promoting activities have been undervalued by most scholars. Writing with an eye on current US debates about the desirability of combining liberal internationalism with a strong concern for America's continuing national security interests, Smith sometimes seems inclined to recast the history of the twentieth century as a vindication of the Wilsonian strand in American foreign policy. (Although he seeks to dissociate himself from Wilsonian 'moralism' it is clear that, like Wilson, he wants the US to occupy the high ground, while retaining its freedom to act ruthlessly.) However, his five major case studies (the Dominican Republic, Germany, Iran, Japan, and the Philippines) prove difficult to fit into this framework, and here he is realistic enough to concede that 'it is the strength of local ways relative to outside efforts to change them that deserve emphasis', and (thus with reference to Latin America although it could be applied more widely) 'American policy on balance may have done more to shore up dictatorships in the region than to advance the cause of democracy' (pp. 28-9). Nevertheless. his overall assessment is triumphalist: 'Democracy's current elevated status represents the effects of 175 years of Anglo-American international hegemony' (p. 331). (He assigns to Britain an important, if secondary, role in these achievements.) A range of leading US authorities have written impressive commendations for the dust jacket, and it is true that potentially this book fills a gap in the market. The critique of the literature is mostly well-founded, and the discussion of America's post-Cold War dilemmas is worthwhile. However, the history is patchy in coverage and uneven in quality, with the result that the major thesis of the book is not fully examined. On a broader front, the theoretical limitations of 'liberal internationalism' receive inadequate attention (a lacuna partially filled by Stanley Hoffman in Foreign Policy, Spring 1995). While it would undoubtedly be nice to make the world safe for democracy, many Americans have always harboured a continuing scepticism about their government's ability to make the world safe, period. The ambitious claims of a moralistic foreign policy have therefore been contested by a 'silent majority' who reasonably fear the resulting entanglements and distractions from domestic concerns. If 'democracy promotion' means propping up friendly governments which express admiration for the American way, then indeed it constitutes a recurrent preoccupation of US foreign policymakers that can normally command a reasonable degree of citizen support. But the 'central ambition' guiding Washington's stance towards, say, Mexico has seldom been to insist on genuinely competitive elections there, let alone to open the way for the expression of popular demands that might destabilize US economic and security interests. After Smith went to press the US sent troops to Haiti, in order to reinstate a democratically elected President, but also so that boat people could be classified as 'economic' rather than 'political' refugees (and so sent home). To secure international


The paper deals with the use of platforms for remote training of consecutive and simultaneous interpreting in Slovakia which were deployed due to the restrictions to on-site education imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus is on interpreting courses since due to its specifics (Gile, 2018; Šveda, 2021), interpreting (and especially simultaneous interpreting) is demanding to ensure in terms of adequate training. In the first part of the paper, various widely-known communication platforms are discussed and their strengths and weaknesses are considered from the viewpoint of ensuring remote training of interpreting. In the following part, the data collected via an online questionnaire are presented and subsequently analysed with the objective to map the current situation in the field of providing remote training of interpreting at Slovak universities through various platforms and to identify a set of best practices and lessons learnt during this period. The results confirm that trainers found simultaneous interpreting training more difficult to ensure (as originally presupposed) compared to consecutive interpreting training as well as that the platforms varied depending on the university (the most popular being MS Teams, Discord, Jitsi Meet and Zoom for consecutive interpreting and Discord, Zoom and a custom created platform for simultaneous interpreting).


Pyro-metallurgical processes are multiphase in nature involving gas-liquid-solid interactions. In the Peirce-Smith converter operation, the additions of cold solids in liquid matte in the form of fluxing agents (silica sands) for slag liquidity, process scrap and reverts for temperature control is a common practice. It is reasonable to postulate that with such practice, solid-liquid mass transfer step may play an important role in the performance and attainment of liquid bath homogeneity of the process. In this work, solid additions were simulated with sintered benzoic acid compacts spatially positioned in a 1:5 water model of a Peirce-Smith converter. Water and kerosene were used to simulate matte and slag respectively. Solid-liquid mass transfer was characterized by experimentally determined mass transfer coefficient, K (ms-1) values of benzoic acid sintered compacts and calculated dimensionless turbulence characteristic, Tc values. The mass transfer coefficients and dimensionless turbulence characteristic values were highest at the bath surface and near plume region. The values decreased in identified dead zones in the regions close to the circular side walls of the model. The results revealed that the mass transfer coefficients and turbulence characteristics were different with respect to different submergence levels of the compacts. These findings lead to the conclusion that the fluid flow was stratified within the vessel.


In recent years detailed predictions were made concerning the temperature dependence of the critical resistivity. It is shown here that experimental results obtained for a ferromagnetic metal (Fe), a ferromagnetic semi‐conductor (p‐type CdCr2Se4), an antiferromagnetic semiconductor (MnTe) and an antiferromagnetic metal (Dy) confirm the theoretical predictions quantitatively. The quantitative comparison of the theory and the experimental results yielded the specific heat parameters, α=α′=−0.21, A/A′=1.48 for Fe, α=α′=−0.01, A/A′=1.37 for MnTe and α=α′=−0.04, A/A′=1.44 for Dy. These results are in reasonable agreement with results from specific heat measurements and with results obtained in renormalization‐group calculations.


The growth of complexity together with the severity of the potential failure of electronic systems in modern vehicles create pressure on development of powerful validation and testing techniques. This thesis is trying to fill few identified gaps in this field. One of the gaps is the absence of suitable measurement methods for relatively new automotive communication system called FlexRay. In comparison with older communication standards CAN and LIN, each FlexRay communication controller is parametrized by almost hundred of parameters. From the validation point of view, it is necessary to evaluate that the parameters programmed into communication controller are in conformance with the specified parameters values. Such evaluation is not possible without suitable methods capable of measuring the actual parameters values. Another blank space which this thesis is trying to fill is related to the Integration testing of automotive electronics systems. Due to increasing number of electronic control units and number of implemented functions, traditional approach incorporates, the manual test case design is reaching its limits. This thesis proposes several improvements for this specific domain. Namely it is testbed platform based on National Instruments products, a novel approach based on the Model Based Testing techniques using the Timed Automata specification, several test generation algorithms, and implementation of the proposed concept. The presented solutions were experimentally evaluated. The FlexRay measurement methods were validated on the real communication network. Moreover, in the case of Integration testing, the implemented concept was proved by two case studies. The objective of the first one was the car keyless access system. The second study validated the described solution on the automatic trunk opening system.


The purpose of this qualitative study is to add a sociological dimension to sponsorship research, which is otherwise dominated by marketing research. This paper analyses how world-class but often not well-paid athletes from time-consuming endurance sports like rowing and triathlon seek individual sponsorships as a strategy to improve their financial situation. With regard to theory, an institutional logics perspective is adopted in which logics both provide tools for individual actors as well as representing agency constraints. To understand how athletes cope with the encounter between sport and business, insights from micro-sociology are employed. The findings indicate that various roles are performed, that sponsorship commitment is an issue of finding a balance between 'gameworthiness' and integrity and that the quest for an individual sponsorship is deselected as an option by some athletes. These insights are used to sketch out the paradox of sponsorship commitment, where time-consuming sponsorship engagement as a solution to athletes' financial problems may potentially undermine their professional identity, which is characterised by the quality of their craft – the quality that simultaneously makes the athlete a market asset.


Experimental evidence on which to base scale designs for test instruments was sought. Four types of scale were investigated requiring differing interpolations of scale spacing, readings being made under accuracy instructions only. Results indicate that the scale design requiring interpolation to one-half of the scale spacing is road with greatest accuracy, apart from having various other advantages.


The present invention, alpha-hydroxy acid to a method of purifying an industrial scale, multiplied by the alpha-hydroxy acid of the following colors 10,000APHA units (new): (a) crystallization step, followed by (b) It relates to a method to be applied to the distillation stage.


Recently, R&D of marine renewable energy becomes very popular all over the world. In this paper, the contra-rotating turbines are adopted as an ocean current power generator. The contra-rotating turbine system is theoretically torque free, since the second blade counters the first blade torque. Therefore, small main body and low cost mooring might be achieved. On the other hand, the motion control of the device may be necessary for a steady power supply, protection from fatigue damage of blade, and so on, because the blade size is larger than that of main body and thus the influence of unknown disturbances in the real sea is supposed to be big. In order to overcome this problem, the blade pitch control is utilized to control the motion of the device. The blade force and equation of motions are formulated and numerical simulation is performed based on these formulas to find theoretically how to change the blade pitch for motion control. A simple experiment with a scale model is also performed as the first step of the motion control. It is confirmed that it is possible to move the model perpendicular to the flow direction by the blade pitch control.


In the monomeric dinuclear title complex, [CuSm(C20H22N2O4)(NO3)3], the four-coordinate CuII ion has a square-planar geometry involving two O atoms and two N atoms of the deprotonated Schiff base ligand. The SmIII ion is ten-coordinate, chelated by four O donor atoms of the Schiff base and two O atoms each from three bidentate nitrate groups, one of which is disordered over two sites in a 0.55 (7):0.45 (7) ratio.


This paper aims to define the essence of quality-oriented education and demonstrate the manifestation of the generalization of quality-oriented education concept and side effects caused by the generalization of quality-oriented education concept.


A photoelectric conversion module and its fabricating method are provided to improve optical coupling efficiency between an optical element and an optical waveguide by connecting an IC board with an optical element array and connecting the optical element array with an optical waveguide array. An IC board(110) is formed on an upper surface of a printed circuit board(100). An optical element array(120,130) is formed on a lateral surface of the IC board. An optical waveguide array(140,150) includes one side formed at the optical element array attached on the IC board. The optical waveguide array is connected optically to the optical element array. A semiconductor chip(160) is formed at an upper part of the IC board. The semiconductor chip includes a driving circuit for driving the optical element array. The optical waveguide array is buried into the printed circuit board. A mounting groove is formed in the printed circuit board. The IC board is mounted in the mounting groove of the printed circuit board.


The present invention discloses a fast and soft recovery diode power switch, are sequentially provided with a cathode N + region, the withstand voltage layer and the anode P + region, the withstand voltage layer is made of a composite structure, the composite has an L-shaped junction N- and L columns from the lower to P- type column configuration. Wherein the anode region is heavily doped P + Si material; junction withstand voltage layer of the composite structural regions using the new composite material structure Si junction, PiN diode doping concentration than the conventional one order of magnitude; using N + doped cathode region structure. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing fast and soft recovery diode power switch, and a conventional PiN diode differs from that of the composite junction structure introduced alternately horizontal and vertical built-in field. Diode reverse recovery peak current of the PiN diode and more conventional super junction diodes is greatly reduced, greatly shortens reverse recovery time, fast and soft recovery diode power switch of the new composite will be able to better junction structure suitable for use in a high frequency circuit applications.


Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) is a family of methods for aiding multicriteria group decision making in problems with inaccurate, uncertain, or missing information. These methods are based on exploring the weight space in order to describe the preferences that make each alternative the most preferred one, or that would give a certain rank for a specic alternative. The main results of the analysis are rank acceptability indices, central weight vectors and condence factors for different alternatives. The rank acceptability indices describe the variety of different preferences resulting in a certain rank for an alternative, the central weight vectors represent the typical preferences favouring each alternative, and the condence factors measure whether the criteria measurements are sufciently accurate for making an informed decision. The computations in SMAA require the evaluation of multi-dimensional integrals that must in practice be computed numerically. This paper presents efcient methods for performing the computations through Monte-Carlo simulation, and analyses the complexity and accuracy of the algorithms.


Process management in our country has transformed from the introduction of concepts and the optimization of partial process into the fusion of concerns and business,and the construction of enterprise process system.Meanwhile,process management in our country is quite different from the thought and method of western advanced countries in Europe and America at all aspects,and contains many problems.Therefore,the future development direction of process management in our country is to promote the agreement of process management opinions and the formation of process management culture,and also to do some changes in concept for enterprises.


Self disclosure is the one of aspect that important for counseling students. In order to support academic achievement, success in social interaction, and became an endorser if they working as a Counselor later. This condition is the basic need to identify the condition of early self disclosure, and for follow-up efforts. This research use descriptive- quantitative methodology to indentify level of self disclosure of counseling students specifically will be identified by gender, age, academic years, and ethnicity. This research will identify self disclosure based on differences of gender, academic years, age and ethnicity. This research use random and purposive random sampling of 69 counseling students from University. These studies identify of Self disclosure 34, 8% in high condition, 29% medium, and 36.2% in low. Further, there is a significant difference in the level of Self disclosure based on gender, academic years and the ethnicity. These findings could not be generalized because of the limited sample and ethnicity; it should need a wider research so that can be generalized and recommended the efforts to development and improvement of self disclosure conditions for optimization the services.

Kata kunci : self disclosure, etnis, mahasiswa bk & budaya


Smart-wearables, in conjunction with AI and IoT, has grown exponentially in terms of capabilities and popularity.
Tasks such as measuring physiological signals, for instance, ECG and EEG are now possible on consumer-grade
hardware which earlier required elaborate equipment. This fact opens new possibilities in terms of using
physiological signals for various purposes. Physiological signals are activities of the Autonomous Nervous System
(ANS) and provide insight towards a person's body. Using smart-wearables for constant analysis of physiological
signals has several applications. As discussed in this paper, this ranges from disease detection in healthcare to
emotion detection for recommender systems. Its application even extends to the security sector. With further
developments in smart-wearable technology, it will be possible to get a perspicacity towards various physiological
signals more accurately, which can, therefore, be taken advantage of in a broader scope. Emotion recognition is
one such application which is germane in respective industries. Understanding the underlying true emotion of a
user can be disruptive in recommender systems as well as human-computer interaction. This paper discusses some
of the prospective applications of the analysis of physiological signals using smart-wearables. This paper also
surveyed consumers, taking their views on the use of physiological signals in smart-wearables at consumer-end.


To carry out a healthy and productive violin teaching, the qualities in the learning process should be perceived very well and it should be benefited from the scientific data about learning so that the methods in violin teaching can be based on a scientific foundation. Besides the factors which have an influence on this process can be turned to account in a more conscious teaching system.


Graphite goes into the black Securing sufficient supplies of graphite had not been problematic for consumers over the past few years. [...]months ago, most perceived the global graphite market to be lingering in a situation of oversupply and sluggish demand, deputy editor Davide Ghilotti writes in his feature on the refractory and battery mineral (pp34-38). SQM, Albemarle and FMC are among producers who opted to increase their lithium hydroxide output throughout 2017 to fulfil battery and cathode makers' consumption needs.SQM's total lithium hydroxide capacity will rise to 13,500 tonnes per year from 6,000 tpy by the end of 2017. Orocobre Ltd expects total production of lithium carbonate for the 2017-2018 financial year of about 14,000 tonnes.For more information on lithium markets in 2017, visit www.indmin.com/lithium Merged opportunity One of the largest news stories this year was the merger of RHI and Magnesita to form a single company – RHI Magnesita.


Abstract Ⅰ
Contents Ⅱ
List of Tables IV
Captions for Figures V
1. Introduction 1
2. Materials and Methods 2
 2.1 Bacterial strains, isolation of chromosomal DNA 2
 2.2 Streptomycetes screening PCR primer 2
 2.3 Antimicrobial activity assay 2
 2.4 Detection of TypeⅠ PKS, NRPS 3
 2.5 Introduction of conjugation system 3
 2.6 Construction of genomic library 4
3. Results and Discussion 5
 3.1 Screening & isolation of Rare Actinomycetes 5
 3.2 Identification of bioactive compounds produced by isolated strains 10
 3.3 Detection of TypeⅠ PKS & NRPS which were related to antibiotics biosynthesis 12
 3.4 Construction of genetic modification system based on conjugation 14
 3.5 Construction of genomic library & Further study 16
4. Acknowledgements 17
5. References 18


The all-inorganic lead halide perovskites has received wide attention in optoelectronic applications such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes due to its high photoabsorption, suitable bandgap and good stability. Based on the first principles, the electronic structure and optical properties of the structure are studied by substituting all the lead elements in CsPbI3 with Ge and Sn.We found that the structural stability of all the substituted materials was enhanced. The tolerance factors of CsGeI3 and CsSnI3 were 0.934 and 0.874, respectively. The most important point is to replace the toxic Pb element, which not only reduces environmental pollution but also can be more suitable for commercial production. By analyzing the imaginary part of the dielectric function and absorption coefficient, it is found that the blue shift occurs in all the materials which replace Pb element, and the absorption ability of sun light is stronger in the visible light range, which proves the foundation for lead free perovskite solar cells.


This paper, by an approach of empirical analysis and by means of indexes of trade connection, revealed comparative advantage and trade specialization coefficient, studies the bilateral trade between China and Singapore in terms of its status quo, trend, trade competitiveness and mutual compensations. It aims at proving that there are obvious differences in the comparative advantage of both countries. Further more, it probes into the mutual compensation trading ties of the two countries and the cause of its existence. And it draws the conclusion that the intra-industry compensation based on the intra-industry work division, similar need and direct foreign investment, has become the significant characteristics of the trading ties between China and Singapore.


Aim: In this study we characterized the fish Cynoglossus lingua collected from Chandipur Coast of Odisha using the mtDNA markers cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt-b) genes. Methodology: Samples of flat fish were collected from Balaramgadi fish landing center, Chandipur sea beach, Odisha coast. The collected specimens were initially identified based on the morphology using standard taxonomic keys. Molecular characterization was accomplished through PCR amplification of COI and Cyt-b genes. The sequences were subjected to BLAST analysis and aligned using Clustal W for homology mapping. Phylogenetic status was inferred by the neighbor-joining method using MEGA v7.0. Results: The taxonomic keys and the COI and Cyt-b gene sequences identified the specimens as C. lingua. The COI and Cyt-b gene sequences showed 98% and 99% sequence similarity with C. lingua isolate FMU.CIFRI.FF-7 COI gene (GenBank accession: MN889532.1) and the C. lingua isolate FM.CIFRI.CYTB.FF-7 Cyt-b gene (GenBank accession MT362541.1), respectively. Interpretation: The study supports the reliability of combining classical taxonomic approaches with molecular analysis using COI and Cyt-b genes for the identification of C. lingua. Key words: Cynoglossus lingua, COI gene, Cytochrome b gene, DNA barcoding, Molecular taxonomy


We present a theoretical interpretation of the recently revealed features of temperature evolution in the ultracold plasma clouds released from a magneto-optical trap, namely: (a) its independence at the sufficiently large times on the initial plasma parameters and (b) the asymptotics close to t^{-1} instead of t^{-2}, expected for a rarefied ideal gas. It is shown that both these properties can be well explained by the model of virialization of the charged particle velocities in the regime of strong electron-ion correlations, while heating due to inelastic processes (e.g. three-body recombination) should be of secondary importance. These conclusions are confirmed also by the results of ab initio computer simulations.


Female leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) often oviposit in locations with high risk of predation, human activity, flooding, or erosion; thus, influencing hatching rates. It has been hypothesized that the relocation of these nests would significantly increase hatching success. In this study, we measured various nest traits to determine whether nest relocation has any influence on hatching success. Ten parameters of relocated nests (n=8) and nonrelocated nests (n=8) were compared. These parameters included incubation period (days), number of hatched eggs, number of survival hatchlings, number of healthy hatchlings, number of hatchlings in critical care unit (CCU) box, number of stillborn hatchlings, number of non-hatched eggs, number of non-developed eggs, number of embryonic dead hatchlings, and number of eggs without yolks. Poisson distribution, a generalized linear model employing the log link function, was used to compare differences in the rate values of the parameters between relocated and nonrelocated groups. It was found that the rate of non-developed eggs in the relocated nests was significantly lower than in the nonrelocated nests (P < 0.001). In conclusion, nest relocation was not detrimental to hatching success and decrease rate of non-developed eggs. Based on these findings, nest relocation may be an effective conservation method for leatherback turtles.


To elucidate mechanisms and control bioeffects for ultrasound‐mediated drug and gene delivery, we carried out an experimental study to quantitatively measure the effects of ultrasound and other physical parameters on the sequence of events leading from sonication to drug and gene delivery. Using a Coulter counter, the number and size distribution of bubbles was measured as a function of ultrasound pressure and time, and found to decrease as a function of acoustic energy exposure. The effects of these bubbles on cells were measured by electron and confocal microscopy, which indicated that cavitation created cell membrane defects that could be actively repaired and permitted the intracellular transport of molecules. Using flow cytometry, levels of molecular uptake and cell viability were quantified over a broad range of conditions and correlated with acoustic energy, the ratio of cells‐to‐cavitation nuclei and the size distribution of bubbles. Finally, levels of gene expression were quantified as a function of acoustic and other parameters and related to cavitation bubble dynamics. By examining each of the steps, rather than only measuring endpoints, we can understand and ultimately control the process by which ultrasound delivers drugs and genes into cells.


This study discusses the development of learning media using Lectora Inspire for study Basic of Electrics and Electronics in SMK Negeri 1 Padang. The purpose of this research is to develop interactive learning media for study Basic of Electrics and Electronics at X grade of SMK Negeri 1 Padang. The type of research used is Research and Development. The subject of this research is interactive learning media using the Lectora Inspire for subject study DLE (Basic of Electrics and Electronics). Student of X grade TJTL class in SMK Negeri 1 Padang and one teacher of DLE study as respondents. The development model used in this research is a 4-D development model, that has four steps are Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate. The result of media validation has an average score by all of the validator team is 0.82. The practicality test of interactive learning media by the teacher had a result is 89.58% in the practical category and the practicality test result from 18 students is 82.37% were included in the practical category. And the interactive learning media can be used for Basic Electrics and Electronics Study.


Several mechanisms havebeenproposed toexplain theobserved penetration ofan incident acoustic waveinto sediment atangles belowthecompressional critical angle.A series ofwell-controlled laboratory measurements weremade andcomparedwiththeresults ofa first-order perturbation theorymodelto evaluate theaccuracy of one ofthese mechanisms, transmission duetointerface roughness. Anacrylic disc wasusedtomimicsediment inthelaboratory measurements. Properties oftheacrylic weredetermined intheinitial measurements andthenusedtoconstruct a numerical model. Themodelwasvalidated byalater setofmeasurements andthen extended fortheroughinterface casethrough theaddition of first-order perturbation theory scattering terms.Theextended modelwasusedtoselect a roughness spectrum foruseina transmission-type scattering experiment. A realization ofthe roughness spectrum wasmachined intoonefaceoftheacrylic disc.Considerable carewasrequired inthefabrication ofthe roughinterface asitsaccuracy wasessential tothesuccess ofthe experiment. Theresults ofthetransmission-type scattering experiment compared wellwiththeresults ofthemodeland clearly demonstrated subcritical scattering atthewater-acrylic boundary duetointerface roughness.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a virtual interface controller that facilitates a grasp of an operating position. SOLUTION: A virtual image projector 3 projects a two-dimensional image of a virtual input device such that it is viewed on a plane 10 slightly above a steering wheel 100. Position detection sensors 4 detect the position of a user's fingertip. A plurality of air nozzles 6 are mounted in a horizontal row on a steering column 101 and jet compressed air to form an air wall (air curtain) whose user side wall surface is approximately the plane of the two-dimensional image of the virtual input device viewed by the user. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI


Collaboration-based knowledge management has been proposed as a key capability for organisations in the 21st century because knowing how to collaborate is necessary for the process of creating and transferring knowledge, while knowledge creation and utilisation in turn lead to innovation. The research described here explores in more detail the ways in which effective knowledge management enables more effective innovation. A dynamic capability-building approach is adopted in-line with the knowledge-based view of strategy. The research is used to formulate a broad framework that can be used by an organisation to review the extent of its capability against six key dimensions.


The lizard Uromastyx aegyptia is very commoii in Egypt. The average adult measures 27 em, snout to vent, and 19 em, vent to tip of tail. A large number of skeletons have been prepared and a study of them has revealed several interesting osteological features. Those concerning the sltull have been recorded in a previous publication (El-Toubi, '45). The present paper deals with the rest of the skeleton. The description given here is the result of studying in detail about a dozen skeletons.


To strengthen the citizen moral building is of great significance to guide contemporary college students' thoughts and ideas.The function of"moral and political"classes should be fully developed. This article suggests that we should create good campus culture atmosphere and enhance psychological education to college students.


Airport is certain area in land or sea (including building, instalation and equipment) intended for all or part from depature and aircraft ground movement. Airport has a lot of shape and design base on requirment and function. Airport design has important role for suporting flights activities. This research purpose is for analysis configuration role and airport design base on airplane operational using Ratios of National Forecast method. The result shows, national total forecast show decrease it's inversely proportional than local total forecast that show increase during 4 years. Based on Atang Senjaya airport calculation  so the terminal area and how much the airplane can be park in apron are known, that is Atang Senjaya airport can accomodate 6 ATR 72-600 airplane and based on the local total forecast calculation in 2031, the terminal required area is need 6600 ft² (110 x 66 ft) or 33, 53 x 20,11 m.


In recent years many types of numeric and alpha-numeric displays have become available. These units have been designed primarily as visual displays for instruments with digital read-out, not for the film data annotation function in which our company has been active. As a result, considerable ingenuity is required to adapt these primarily visual devices for recording alpha-numeric data on film.


Methods for recovering 3D pose and internal camera parameters from a single view of a planar calibration chart have been reported in the literature (Tsaii1],,2]). The mathematics of the computation is well understood, but the lack of robust feature detectors prevents oo-the-shelf use. We present a fast and robust recognition approach for the detection of a common calibration chart. After establishing the methodological framework, we check the result on a wide range of real data. We show that the approach is robust over a range of scale, illumination and oc-clusion. We argue that with this capability we should be able to a) establish camera position with respect to a landmark b) recognise object which is tagged with the calibration chart and c) test any camera calibration and 3D pose estimation routines, thus helping the way for future research and applications in mobile robots navigations, 3D reconstruction and stereo vision.


New technique is a technique support to keep on the development of modern agriculture and is also an inevitable choice to solve the actuality contrary of agriculture development.The main measure of developing agriculture high and new technique are: arranging agriculture system and innovative policy mechanism; recomposing the input mechanism of the agriculture high and new technique; market mechanism of breeding agriculture high and new technique; the motive mechanism of forming agriculture high and new technique demand; setting up risk guarantee mechanism for agriculture high and new technique.


Modern standard written Chinese has two common object markers, 把 ba and 将 jiang, both of which mark a direct object preceding the verb. Both markers appear to have been widely used in the spoken language of the Tang dynasty but the actual distribution is not entirely clear. Today jiang has disappeared from the dialects and subdialects of northern China and it is mainly used in the Yue dialect (Cantonese) and to some extent in the Kejia (Hakka) and Minnan dialects of southeastern China. Unsurprisingly, therefore, object marker ba in vernacular-oriented writings has gradually replaced jiang to become totally predominant. This tendency reached its peak in the early part of last century during the movement to establish a modern written language based on the spoken language of Beijing. While object marker jiang remained in use in formal writings, in literary texts it appeared mainly in frozen phrases and/or as a stylistic embellishment. This trend appears with surprising uniformity all over the Chinese-speaking area, even in Hong Kong. However, by analyzing the works of more than 200 writers active during various parts of last century it becomes obvious that, somewhat contrary to expectation, the use of object marker jiang in all kinds of texts recently has seen a remarkable increase. The analysis indicates that the break in the trend, except for Taiwan, almost uniformly took place in the early 1980s. The geographical distribution of the break, however, is not uniform. Relating a large number of representative works to the areas where the writers spent their formative years shows considerable differences. Different local traditions, the appearance of a relatively liberal cultural climate, the effect of market-forces on publishing and, to some extent, also dialects are shown to play a role. Due to the relative richness of material from the 1980s onwards ample evidence of differences in usage, sometimes related to the original meaning of the two object markers, also can be established and analyzed.


Effective Lagrangian in 4-dimensional spacetime is derived from the heterotic string theory. Classical solutions corresponding to the charged black hole are investigated in the effective Lagrangian. At large distance, the solution is essentially the classical Reissner-Nordstrom-Weyl (RNW) solution. But at the event horizons, the dilaton plays an important role, and the behavior of the solution is drastically different from the RNW solution.


In article on the basis of the analysis of the existing definitions of the intellectual capital author's vision of this category moves. The intellectual capital of the enterprise is meant as set of knowledge, abilities. Skills, experience, creativity, organizational abilities, etc. of employees of the enterprise who are effectively used in the course of production and make profit, increases its competitiveness and increases the market value of the enterprise concerning its balance cost.


Objective Currently, thrombocytopenia is typically observed in patients undergoing hematopioetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), high-dose chemotherapy or irradiation. Severe thrombocytopenia can cause bowel hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage. To transfuse ex vivo-expanded Mk cells into patients can reinforce the ability of platelet formation and shorten the time of platelet recovery. So it is one of the effective approaches to protect the danger. To explore the differences in megakaryocyte (MK) expansion between CD34+ stem cells derived from cord blood (CB) and Peripheral Blood (PB) and to establish the most optimal culture system.

Methods Mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation over Ficoll. CD34+ cells were isolated by positive selection using an immunomagnetic separation system. selected CD34+ cells were seeded in Iscove's modified Kulbecco's medium (IMDM) supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS) and all kinds of cytokines. After 15–17 days of culture, the cells were measured and determined the content of CD41+ cells by flow cytometry, and simultaneously measured the number of megakaryocyte colony-forming unit (CFU-MK).

Results After the definite days of culture, the cytokine combination of TPO+FL+IL-6+IL-3 is most suitable both for PB and CB to obtain high numbers of MK, and better than any other three groups(P<0.05). The fold-increase of CD41+ cells from CB on day 14 was 193.23±25.24 fold, and that from PB on day 10 was 131.23±18.26 fold respectively. With the time gone, the number of CD41+ cells both decreased.

Conclusion For PB and CB, the cytokine combination of TPO+FL+IL-6+IL-3 is most suitable to obtain high numbers of MK and is the best combination for MK ex vivo expansion. It is suggested that MKs from CB have higher proliferation potential than that from PB, and the optimal culture duration of MK from PB is shorter than that of MK from CB. The study explore the differences in MK expansion between CD34+ stem cells derived from CB and PB and establish experimental foundation for further application to pre-clinic and clinic.


Essential oil of Eremostachys laevigata Bung. (Lamiaceae) was obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of the plant and analyzed by GC/MS. Forty-two components representing 92.6% of the oil constituents were identified. The major components of the oil were dodecanal(13.4%),germacrene-D (11.5%), β- caryophyllene (10.7%) and caryophyllene oxide (7.2%).


Educators are pushing for students, specifically graduates, to be digitally literate in order to successfully read, write, contribute, and ultimately compete in the global market place. Educational technology professionals, as a unique type of learning professional, need to be not only digitally literate – leading and assisting teachers and students toward this goal, but also model the digital fluency expected of an educational technology leader. Part of this digital fluency involves effectively managing one's web presence. In this article, we argue that educational technology professionals need to practice what they preach by attending to their own web presence. We share strategies for crafting the components of a vibrant and dynamic professional web presence, such as creating a personal website, engaging in social networking, contributing and sharing resources/artifacts, and attending to search engine optimization (SEO). I recalled that someone worked on a similar project at McMillian Design Group. But when I did a search online, I couldn't find anything about it...not even a contact... Frustrating, I was really hoping we could bring someone in to consult with us on this... The group was finalizing plans for their conference keynote speaker. "It would be great to have a dynamic presenter speak on the topic of high impact educational practices." "Yes, that's perfect! Let's get online and see if we can find anyone with that expertise. It would be great if we could preview sample slideshows, and maybe even an actual presentation on YouTube!" It's a busy Friday afternoon. Five members of a search committee are crammed into a room to screen 50 applications for an academic technology coordinator position. At first glance, all of the applicants appear to be qualified for the position. But the members of the search committee are really looking for someone who can support, lead, and inspire faculty at their institution. As the search committee screens the details of each application, one member turns to Google. She is interested to see what comes up from a quick search. Do applicants have a professional website? Do they engage with other


There are emerging applications for GaN and electronics in control and switching of electric power in the utilities industry, advanced radar sub-systems, and in the drive-trains of hybrid electric vehicles. The key components of the inverter modules for such applications are the power rectifier and transistor. P-i-n rectifiers were fabricated on epitaxial layers grown on free-standing GaN substrates. The forward turn-on voltage was ∼5 V at 300 K and displayed a positive temperature coefficient. The specific on-state resistance was ∼5 mΩ.cm 2 at 300 K. The figure-of-merit was 0.32 MW.cm -2 . The reverse recovery time was ≤ 600 ns at 300 K A comparison of the DC and pulsed characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HFETs on both GaN and Al 2 O 3 substrates before and after Sc 2 O 3 passivation was performed. HFETs on GaN substrates show less electron accumulation in the gate-drain surface region than do comparable devices on Al 2 O 3 substrates.


With the extension of the application domains for laser imaging radar, it is necessary to find a new technical way to obtain high technical performance and adaptive ability. In this paper, A new concept of digital receiver of laser imaging radar system is presented. This digital receiver is defined as a time varying parameter receiver which possesses large dynamics region and time domain filter. The receiver's mode, component structure as well as every function of its processing are described. The results and laboratorial data show the feasibility of digital reception. Also, it can exploit the inherent nature of laser imaging radar to obtain high probability of detection.


The Abstract: The paper deals with the implementation of GIS technologies with regard to the problems of microseismic zoning of the Southern Federal District and earthquake engineering. The GIS, which allows the developers to organize concurrent processing of design and spatial data is under consideration. GIS is designed to work with the seismological data and focuses to improve the safety of civil, industrial and rural construction in seismic areas.


Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum Hcy and high sensitivity C-reactive protein( hs-CRP) in the patients with pulmonary embolism( PE). Methods Hcy and hs-CRP levels were measured in 63 patients with PE as well as in 82 controls. Results The levels of serum Hcy and hs-CRP in the patients with PE were significantly higher than those in controls( P 0. 01). Serum Hcy levels were positively correlated to hs-CRP levels( r = 0. 631,P 0. 01). Conclusion Acute PE in patients with serum Hcy and hs-CRP levels positively correlated with an elevated,joint detection can be used as sensitive markers in predicting its development.


Many years ago, asked why he switched his research focus to Hispanic America after writing an important book on nineteenth-century rural Brazil, an eminent historian is said to have responded, "Because nothing ever happens in Brazil." In his recent study of frontier Goias, David McCreery has taken the opposite path with illuminating results, applying to central Brazil the formidable skills he first honed as a historian of rural Guatemala. Imperviousness to change remains a prominent theme.


A phenomenological investigation of the lebenswelt (life world) of academically gifted students attending an elementary magnet school was conducted. The magnet school is housed in an elementary school that maintains 2 classes per grades 1–6, 1 gifted and 1 heterogeneous. Fifteen gifted students (2 per grades 1–3 and 3 per grades 4–6) participated in phenomenological interviews. The interviews, averaging 50 minutes in length, were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed via a 6-step thematic analysis process. The social milieu of the school was described by the students as the backdrop for the meaning of the experience of attending the magnet school for gifted students. Four themes emerged across the magnet school experience: Others, Role, Personal Development, and Time. Nuances and characteristics of the themes are reported.


A few reports have indicated that antibodies against spermatozoa formed in domestic animals by the application of artificial insemination have detrimental effects on the subsequent fertility.The present study was undertaken to see both the serological nature of chicken spermatozoa and of agglutinins against chicken spermatozoa in the sera of virgin pullets and inseminated hens. The results obtained are as follows;1) Isoantibodies against chicken spermatozoa were produced by intravenous injection in domestic fowls.2) The agglutinogens of chicken spermatozoa were impaired by heating at 56°C for 15', or by keeping at room temperature or refrigerator for over-night. However, the absorbing properties of such treated spermatozoa to the agglutinins were not influenced by the treatments.3) There found no individual and breed (WL, WR and NH) differences of agglutinogens of chicken spermatozoa.4) Normal isoagglutinins against the chicken spermatozoa were found in the sera of 103 day-old chickens.5) The agglutinin titers in the sera of adult chickens were relatively constant for over two months.


In metal catalytic design, there is a well-established linear scaling relationship between reaction and adsorption energies. However, owing to the challenges of performing experimental and/or compu...


Technological innovation needs to address issues of diversity in higher education in order to achieve learning of a desirable quality. This paper maps the transforming landscape of diversification in higher education and propositions that the tradition of integrative education may provide useful directions to the development of future curricula, particularly with the integration of learning technologies. Innovative case studies are demonstrated in that respect and the nature of such interventions is debated. Finally, future trends of the field development are outlined.


A multilayer structure is described for use in a number of radiation detectors. The structure consists of alternating layers of metal and amorphous silicon (a-Si). The absorption of radiation mainly occurs in the metal layers, while electron-hole pairs are generated in the a-Si layers by the emitted secondary particles from the metal layers. The fundamental applicability of this novel detector for X-ray detection was confirmed by Monte Carlo computer simulations as well as by results for an experimental five-layer Ta(0.5 mu m)/a-Si(3 mu m)/Mo(0.5 mu m) X-ray sensor fabricated on a 1.5-cm*4-cm glass plate. The authors have confirmed that the detector has rectifying characteristics, with the Mo and Ta layers forming Schottky barrier and ohmic contacts respectively. >


Iron hohlraum target for application in inertial confinement fusion(ICF) experiment was prepared through an electroless iron plating process using poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) as a substrate.The effect of the concentration of palladium ions on coverage ratio was investigated in activation step.The influence of components and plating parameters on plating rate was also discussed in detail.The results reveal that the plating rate increases obviously with the increase of the concentrations of ferrous sulfate,sodium borohydride and boric acid,pH value,and temperature.The relative mechanism was suggested,which is beneficial to the establishment of kinetic equation.


Currently, there are two rituals coexist in the world:"taking the left for the upper"and"taking the right for the up?per". The former is usually taken in domestic affairs such as meetings, dinners, etc. while the latter enjoys an overwhelmingly fa?vor in the west and so that it becomes the international practice in every conceivable social activities. The paper intends to offer a deep explanation of the differences of two rituals with adequate evidence and examples in some specific situations, say different kinds of seat arrangement in various large and small meetings, respectively in China and the west. Then it follows to provide the underlying reasons for the differences from the perspective of cultural difference. It finds that different denotation of"left"and"right"in English and Chinese may shed some light on the understanding of the two different rituals.