The occurrence of opisthotonus that responded dramatically to the I.V. administration of an anti parkinsonian drug has recently been described in a case of tranquilizer poisoning (Lichtigfeld, Brit. J. Psychiat., March, 1964, pp. 226-227). Lesser grades of postural deviation such as tonic spasms may be followed by tonic convulsive seizures and opisthotonus. The latter posture is characteristic of a transverse mid-brainlesioncausingdecerebrate rigidity (Walton, ig6i). The brain stem has also been implicated in the regulation of posture, and anomalies of the posture of the trunk (dystonia) may result from pathology in this region (Monnier and Levy, igflo). Disturbances of the basal ganglia are also involved in the causation of involuntary movements, muscular rigidity and abnormal postural fixations (Purdon Martin, ig6o). Experimentally, medial thalamic stimulation can produce opisthotonus (Monnier and Tissot, 1958). Thus different mechanisms are prob ably responsible for producing opisthotonus invarious clinical states. Although it is probably worth while to treat opisthotonus occurring in conditions such as rabies, strychnine poisoning and tetanus by anti parkinsonian drugs, it remains to be seen whether this treatment will have a beneficial effect in these conditions. Opisthotonus has been produced experimentally by inducing thiamine deficiency in pigeons (Peters, †̃¿ 959), and by intra-cisternal injection of isotonic citrate in dogs, presumably leading to a deficiency of ionized calcium (Huggins and Hastings, 1933). Another condition that can produce a clinical picture of opisthotonus is tetany (Barker, 1922). All the signs of autonomic stimulation observed in the drug induced dystonic syndrome are also seen in tetany (Zondek, †̃¿ 944),while tonic spasms of the laryngeal muscles can occur in both conditions. Tonic con vulsive seizures without loss of consciousness are also suggestive of hypo-calcaemic tetany, while patients suffering from disease of the basal ganglia may have athetoid spasms of the hands and feet nearly identical with carpo-pedal spasms of hypo-calcaemia (Talbot ci al., 1952). Extra-pyramidal symptoms have also been described in association with hypo-parathyroid jam (Simpson, 1952 ; Sugar, 1953 ; Doherty ci al., 1962), and calcium deficiency states (Nesbit, 1935). The extra-pyramidal symptoms occasionally reported in hypo-parathyroidism may be associated with calcffication of the basal ganglia, although most cases showing this calcification do not exhibit any such symptoms (Denny Brown, 1962). The cerebral calcification in hypo-parathyroidism was not con sidered to be the cause of tonic convulsive seizures in tetany as the calcffication persisted after the con dition had been treated and it was concluded that it could not have been responsible for the tetany in the firstplace (EatonandHaines, 1939; Siglinetal., 1957). Since it is doubtful whether the calcification in the basal ganglia is a cause of the extra-pyramidal symptoms in some cases of hypo-parathyroidism, the possibility exists that hypo-calcaemia can disrupt nerve cell function in the basal ganglia. rt has also been suggested that cases of tetany resulting after encephalitis lethargica (Zondek, ig@), and brain injury (Winer, †̃¿ 945)were due to lesions in the diencephalon interfering with the central regulation of calcium metabolism. The tranquilizers causing extra-pyramidal syn dromes may produce their effects by their action on calcium metabolism, and, conversely, calcium administration may have an ameliorating effect on drug-induced parkinsonism. It has been found that the acetyicholine content of the extra-pyramidal system is increased when reserpine is given in doses large enough to cause drug-induced parkinsonism, while the anti-parkinsonism drugs may be said, in general, to have some sort of anti-acetylcholine action (Byisma, 1963). Calcium is necessary for the action of cholinesterase to take place and in this way is a factor in regulating acetyl choline metabolism, while it also has an anti-allergic and sedative action (Sandoz, 1952); actions which resemble some of the properties of the drugs used to combat parkinsonism. As a large number of drugs are capable of con trolling drug-induced dystonias resulting from tranquilizers, it is likely that their actions may be mediated at the synapse. The basis for this may lie in the altered ionic equilibrium produced there. Alternatively, these drugs may act on the nerve cells that regulate calcium metabolism. rt is suggested that calcium may control some of the extra-pyramidal symptoms caused by tranquilizers. F. J. LrCHTIGFELD, B.Sc.,M.B. B.Ch.


The notebook in which William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg recorded the results of their ground breaking experiments carried out in the summer of 1913 is held in the Brotherton Library at the University of Leeds.


The dynamic mechanical properties of microfibers of oil palm-reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites were investigated as a function of fiber content, temperature, treatment, and frequency. The storage modulus (E′) was found to increase with weight fraction of microfibrils due to the increased stiffness imparted by the strong adhesion between the polar matrix and the hydrophilic microfibrils. The damping properties were found to decrease with increase in fiber loading. As the fiber content increases, the damping nature of the composite decreases because of the increased stiffness imparted by the natural fibers. By steam explosion method (STEX), microfibrils are separated from fibers. Natural fibers were undergone treatment such as mercerization, benzoylation, and silane treatment. The NBR is modified by the addition of resorcinol-hexa-hydrated silica (HRH) bonding agent. Also dicumyl peroxide (DCP) is used as an alternating vulcanizing agent in the system. In the case of composites containing chemically modified fibers, storage modulus were found to increase. Cole–Cole analysis was made to study the phase behavior of the composite samples. Activation energy for the relaxation processes in different composites was calculated. Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy of tensile fracture surfaces of treated and untreated composites indicated better fiber matrix/adhesion in the case of treated microfibril-reinforced composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers


Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is characterized by vegetations on cardiac valves consisting of fibrin and platelet aggregates that are devoid of inflammation or bacteria. Diagnosis is often challenging and is aided by a high index of suspicion. These factors are reflected by the case of a 53 year old woman with a history of recurrent idiopathic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prior to presentation at our institution to which she was admitted because of right upper extremity numbness and weakness.


This paper considers the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear Klein-Gordon system with damping terms. In the existing works, the solution with low and critical initial energy was studied. We extend the previous results on following three aspects. Firstly, we consider the vacuum isolating phenomenon of solution under initial energy \begin{document}$ E(0)\leq0 $\end{document} . We find that the corresponding vacuum region is an ball and it expands to whole phase space as \begin{document}$ E(0) $\end{document} decays to \begin{document}$ -\infty $\end{document} . Secondly, we discuss the asymptotic behavior of blow-up solution and prove that the solution grows exponentially. The growth speed is estimated especially. Finally, the solution with arbitrary positive initial energy is studied. In this case, the initial conditions such that the solution exists globally and blows up in finite time are given, respectively.


Assumptions: Based on research it is estimated that since the beginning of the 21st century the number of obese individuals aged up to 18 in the world has tripled. In Poland, there are approximately 12–15% overweight children and adolescents, and 5–11% obese ones. Sociocultural changes that have taken place in Poland over the last two decades are considered to be the cause of this situation. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess biopsychosocial factors associated with adiposity indicators in preschool children. This study may serve as a comparative material for similar studies covering other populations and time ranges. Material and methods: The study was conducted among children aged 3–7 years from randomly selected kindergartens from all districts of the city of Kraków. Children's anthropometric measurements were taken and their mothers completed a Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) form and a family socioeconomic status survey. Teachers completed a Disturbing Behaviour Questionnaire. In total, 959 children were studied; ultimately, 203 girls and 209 boys with complete study data were included in the study. Backward stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed in which the dependent variable was Slaughter score and 16 variables were included as predictors. Results: The results of the present study demonstrate that overweight and obesity in children correlate with abnormal body mass in at least one of the parents. A relationship was observed between stress-coping styles presented by the mothers, their slimness in childhood, their dieting, the child's birth weight and breastfeeding period and children's body fat level. Conclusions: The results indicate that the child's body weight is associated with familial biological and psychological factors whose interaction should be the subject of further analysis.


The objective of this paper is to present a methodology for the integration of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) microclimate simulation and a Geographic Information System (GIS). The first workflow involves the attribution of spatial coordinates to the point data extracted from the CFD, the implementation of an SQLite database, and the connection to the database to visualise and use information on environmental and comfort variables. The second workflow involves georeferencing the CFD raster output, attributing an ID to the point data, creating a point grid in a GIS environment, and merging these with the point data on the microclimate. For demonstration purposes, the methodology is tested on a real case study using ENVI-met and ArcGIS Pro.


New Freudism is not only a mending to Freudism but also a big system of theories,and these theories hold a same interest.For example,They highly emphasize that society culture influences the development of personality.Erikson 's eight phases theory about development of personality is representative theory of New Freudism.He thinks that the development of personality can be achieved through solving crisis in the special time of life.Erikson 's theory about development of personality can effectually explain the development of moral and have abundant meaning of moral education.For example,it can provide deep pcychology reasons for pertinence,characteristic of system,combineing live of moral education.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to visualize protein manipulation using dielectrophoresis (DEP) as a substantial perspective on being an effective protein analysis and biosensor method as DEP is able to be used as a means for manipulation, fractionation, pre-concentration and separation. This research aims to quantify DEP using an electrochemical technique known as cyclic voltammetry (CV), as albumin is non-visible without any fluorescent probe or dye.

Design/methodology/approach
The principles of DEP were generated by an electric field on tapered DEP microelectrodes. The principle of CV was analysed using different concentrations of albumin on a screen-printed carbon electrode. Using preliminary data from both DEP and CV methods as a future prospect for the integration of both techniques to do electrical quantification of DEP forces.

Findings
The size of the albumin is known to be 0.027 µm. Engineered polystyrene particle of size 0.05 µm was selected to mimic the DEP actuation of albumin. Positive DEP of the sample engineered polystyrene particle was able to be visualized clearly at 10 MHz supplied with 20 Vpp. However, negative DEP was not able to be visualized because of the limitation of the apparatus. However, albumin was not able to be visualized under the fluorescent microscope because of its translucent properties. Thus, a method of electrical quantification known as the CV technique is used. The detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) using the CV method is successful. As the concentration of BSA increases, the peak current obtained from the voltammogram decreases. The peak current can be an indicator of DEP response as it correlates to the adsorption of the protein onto the electrodes. The importance of the results from both CV and DEP shows that the integration of both techniques is possible.

Originality/value
The integration of both methods could give rise to a new technique with precision to be implemented into the dialyzers used in renal haemodialysis treatment for manipulation and sensing of protein albumin.


This paper presents a Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) approach on a Field Programmable Gate Array (denoted as FPGA-in-the-loop and abbreviated as FIL) for the optimised sensor selection task of controlling a MAGnetic LEVitation (MAGLEV) system. A recently proposed systematic framework for optimised sensor selection for control and fault tolerance is developed in [1]. The framework was validated using realistic simulations on an electromagnetic suspension system. In this work, the sensor selection framework for control, and practical validation of the controller on FPGA (via HIL concept) applied on an electromagnetic suspension are considered.


The upper portion of the driving transistor of the first pairs of transfer transistors of the pair to load the stack starts to less SRAM. SRAM is arranged on the first and second transistors above the first and second semiconductor layers with a first and a second transistor arranged on the first and the second active region of the semiconductor substrate and the third and It includes four transistors. A first drain region of the first transistor, a second gate of the third third drain region and the second transistor of the transistor is in electrical contact through the first contact node. A second drain region of the second transistor, the first gate of the fourth the fourth drain region and the first transistor of the transistor is in electrical contact with the second contact node.


The linguistic setup of Punjab was affected in 1947 partition and mass displacement, that changed the way people engaged with their spoken languages as linguistic identities were increasingly seen in political and national terms. It was mainly during the years of Punjabi Suba movement in the 1950s in India that was later followed by Indian Punjab's trifurcation in 1966, that identities were projected into two rigid and contrasting categories as Hindi-Hindu and Punjabi-Sikh. Hindu migrants distanced from an ethnic-Punjabi identity towards a projection of an identity as Hindus that was followed by a language shift from native dialects to Hindi. The current generation of Hindu migrants in India, however, is interested in reviving an ethnic-linguistic identity, an identity that is linked to partition migrants' lands and language of origin and one that illustrates an ethnic renewal. Through an analysis of non-fictional testimonies and ethnographic data, we demonstrate ethnic contexts of identity renewal among current generation Hindu migrants. We argue that a movement from 'ethnic amnesia' to ethnic renewal is one instance of a projection of identity that is currently revised to fulfil a collective identity void among partition affected families. The article presents a two-fold case study, one that engages with our respondent's ethnic sentiments and second that engages with ethnic and language activism in community spaces. This paper, thus, elaborates a case of identity formations among current-generation partition migrants in India.


Roy McFarlane is a British poet of Jamaican parentage who was born in Birmingham and has lived most of his life in Wolverhampton, in the West Midlands. In 2009 he was appointed Starbucks' Poet in Residence and in 2010-2011, he was Birmingham's Poet Laureate. Over the years his poems have appeared in various magazines and anthologies like Out of Bounds (Bloodaxe Books, 2012) and Filigree (Peepal Tree, 2018). His first collection of poems, Beginning With Your Last Breath, was published by Nine...


To flight vehicle designer, the ability to adapt air vehicle aerodynamic shape so as to increase the optimum flight envelope is highly desirable. In this work, by distributing piezoelectric actuators on the top and bottom surfaces of a rectangular wing, the improvement of aerodynamic performance of flight vehicle is studied. The approach of the Fictitious Control Surface (FCS) is evaluated at a group of dynamic pressure and wing stiffness, through examining four aspects including the improvement of rolling power, the increase of lift, the decrease of the induced drag and the decrease of the bending moment at root of wing. Then an experimental model of high-speed wind tunnel is designed in order to validate the results of theoretical analysis. The ground tests and wind tunnel tests demonstrate that the lift and rolling moment can be increased by using the favorable aeroelastic effect. And quantificationally the experimental results agree well with the analytical results.


What to prescribe for a patient in general practice when the choice of treatments has a limited evidence base? Tjeerd-Pieter van Staa and colleagues argue that using electronic health records to enter patients into randomised trials of treatments in real time could provide the answer Tjeerd-Pieter van Staa head of research and honorary professor of epidemiology 1 2 3 , Ben Goldacre research fellow 3 , Martin Gulliford professor of public health 4 , Jackie Cassell professor of primary care epidemiology 5 , Munir Pirmohamed NHS chair of pharmacogenetics 6 , Adel Taweel senior lecturer in software engineering 4 , Brendan Delaney Guy's and St Thomas' charity chair in primary care research 4 , Liam Smeeth professor of clinical epidemiology 3 Ten years ago, in a paper called Britain's Gift, the editor of the BMJ at the time and the director of the UK Cochrane Centre outlined a vision of medicine for the 21st century: easy access to good quality reviews of clinical evidence, and the streamlined recruitment of patients into randomised trials as a matter of routine whenever there is uncertainty about choice of treatment. " For example, " they explained: " we still do not know which treatments are useful for acute stroke, but if every patient in the world experiencing a stroke were admitted to trials we would have enough patients within 24 hours to answer many of these questions. " 1 The first goal of easy access to good quality reviews of evidence is on its way to being realised. Trials, however, remain exceptional in everyday clinical care, and sometimes address comparisons that are irrelevant to doctors and patients because they compare new treatments with placebo rather than with the best treatments currently available. Furthermore, trials are often conducted in idealised or unrepresentative patient groups. 2 Because of these problems, randomised trials commonly fail to inform decisions in everyday clinical care: they address the abstract question of an intervention's efficacy under ideal conditions, rather than its effectiveness when used in usual clinical practice, on outcomes that are important to patients. 3 4 Here we describe a UK project to implement randomised trials as unobtrusively as possible in the everyday clinical work of general practitioners (GPs), comparing treatments that are already in common use, and using routinely collected electronic healthcare records (EHR) both to identify participants and to gather results. We discuss the rationale for this approach, …


Western designers have long been inspired by exotic and mysterious looks and feelings of non-western countries in their design works. The influence of Orientalism has been prevalent not only in fashion but also in overall aspects of Western cultures ad it dated back to the B.C period. Orientalism has been interpreted differently in different ages. Orientalism has been in effect since the strong emergence of Western powers beginning in the 13th century. There have been produced many studies to analyze the tradition of Western fashion under the framework of Orientalism, but most of them have focused on women's wear and the researches on men's wear have hardly been productive, particularly on men's skirts. This paper aims to analyze the restoration movement of men's skirt fashion in Western societies such as tin America and European countries from the standpoint of Orientalism and attempts to forecast its future. The paper shows how we can reveal the identity of the tradition of men's skirt in Western fashion by making a critical comparison between the pictures of western men's skirts and those found in the folk fashion tradition in non-western countries.


The paper considers the problem of constructing a program control for an object described by a system with nonsmooth (but only quasidifferentiable) right-hand side. The goal of control is to bring such a system from a given initial position to a given final state in a certain finite time. The admissible controls are piecewise continuous and bounded vector-functions with values from some parallelepiped. The original problem is reduced to an unconditional minimization of some penalty functional, which takes into account constraints in the form of differential equations, constraints on the initial and the final positions of the object, as well as constraints on controls. Moreover, it is known that this functional vanishes on the solution of the original problem and only on it. The quasidifferentiability of this functional is proved, necessary and sufficient conditions for its minimum are written out in terms of quasidifferential. Further, in order to solve the obtained minimization problem in the functional space, the method of the quasidifferential descent is applied. The algorithm developed is demonstrated by examples.


The Ethnic Language Collection Mini Program is an application based on mobile internet technology, designed to help users collect and record voice and text information of ethnic languages. The use of ethnic language collection mini programs can effectively promote the inheritance and protection of ethnic languages, helping users better understand and learn about ethnic culture. Language researchers can share their voice data with other users or research institutions to promote language research and protection.


The problem of optimal truck-excavators assignment is considered. A new objective function is offered, which takes into account the performance of a given amount of work and the capacity of each truck and excavator. Different solutions are offered and an example of a problem solution is provided.


Abstract Objective. The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to investigate whether patients referred for non-specific low back pain accurately report whether they follow home-based activity advice. Research suggests that inadequate adherence to home-based activity advice during an intervention period might diminish the effectiveness of an intervention. Insight into patient adherence to home-based activity advice is hindered by a lack of objective data. Most data consist of self-reporting and interviews. Methods. Participants were advised to complete a home-based activity for 1 week. We validated self-reporting of home-based activity with data obtained from an activity monitor worn by 51 patients who reported non-specific low back pain. The proportion of accurate self-reporting and kappa values were calculated to determine the level of accuracy of self-reporting. Results. An analysis of 357 (51 × 7) walking days found accurate participant reports on 233 days; only 22% of the participants reported accurately on all 7 consecutive days. Low kappa scores between the barrier list and the activity monitor show the poor reliability of participants' self-reporting. Conclusion. Self-reporting about the performance of advised home-based activity for the management of non-specific low back pain in a physiotherapy practice setting is rather inaccurate.


RECENTLY, the influence of metabolism on the water content of the excised cornea has been studied by several investigators. Schwartz, Danes, and Leinfelder (1954) immersed pieces of excised corneae in a nutrient medium and modified the metabolism by cold, lack of substrates, and the use of metabolic inhibitors. From their studies, they concluded that the mechanism regulating corneal hydration was dependent on energy derived from the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Davson (1954, 1955) studied the changes in weight and water content of corneae in excised eyes with a view to establishing whether in the living eye there is an active transport mechanism that normally prevents the uptake of aqueous humour, tears, and limbal capillary filtrate. It was observed that the corneae of eyes left for 24 hrs in a cold moist chamber increased in water content and decreased again on warming to 31°C., and that anoxia caused a marked increase in hydration. He concluded that his experimental results were consistent with the existence of an active transport mechanism. in the cornea. Similar conclusions to those reached by these workers were reported by Langham (1955a, b) from studies of the effect of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism on corneal thickness and of the movement of sodium and water into the cornea of the excised eye immediately after enucleation. Philpot (1955) injected solutions of acidic and basic dyes, atropine, and inhibitors of cholinesterase, glycolysis, and respiration into the anterior chamber of excised rabbit eyes and observed their action on corneal hydration. Certain of the dyes and inhibitors led to an increased hydration but inhibitors of cholinesterase were without effect. The observation that iodoacetic acid increased corneal hydration when glycolysis was inhibited by over half led Philpot to conclude that glycolysis was necessary to the maintenance of corneal hydration. No attempt, however, was made in Philpot's study to ascertain if the action of these compounds on corneal hydration was due to an inhibition of the metabolic processes regulating corneal hydration or to a non-specific action on the permeability of the cornea to water and salt. This consideration is especially important in view of the observations of Herrmann and Hickman (1948) that iodoacetic acid in low concentrations reduced the cohesion of the epithelium to the underlying stroma.


Part 1 General Esays: Chaucer's religious tales - a question of genre, Derek Pearsall Chaucer's tales of transcendence - rhyme royal and Christian prayer in the "Canterbury Tales", Barbara Nolan pathos in Chaucer's religious tales, Robert Worth Frank Jr. Part 2 Reception: the Protestant Chaucer, Linda Georgianna critical approaches to the "Clerk's Tale", Charlotte C. Morse critical approaches to the "Man of Law's Tale", A.S.G. Edwards critical approaches to the "Prioress's Tale" and the "Second Nun's Tale", Carolyn Collette. Part 3 Essays in criticism: nominalism and the dynamics of the "Clerk's Tale" - "Homo Viator" as woman, Elizabeth D. Kirk the spiritual heroism of Chaucer's custance, George R. Keiser poetic variety in the "Man of Law's Tale" and the "Clerk's Tale", C. David Benson aspects of female piety in the "Prioress's Tale", Elizabeth Robertson the "Second Nun's Tale", John C. Hirsh patterns of feminine and masculine persuasion in the "Melibee" and the "Parson's Tale", Jane Cowgill.


Reinhold and H. Richard Niebuhr developed different stances in theological ethics as well as contrasting interpretations of important circumstances and events. Despite their differences, however, when it came to the idea of responsibility, they shared a fundamental insight about the situated character of human agency. Their insight points to a substantial if also flexible Niebuhrian legacy in theological ethics, and promising and problematic features of this legacy have continued to engage the critical and constructive energies of diverse thinkers, including James M. Gustafson, Gordon D. Kaufman, Robin W. Lovin, and William Schweiker.


The algebra of the Kronecker products of matrices is recapitulated using a notation that reveals the tensor structures of the matrices. It is claimed that many of the difficulties that are encountered in working with the algebra can be alleviated by paying close attention to the indices that are concealed beneath the conventional matrix notation. The vectorization operations and the commutation transformations that are common in multivariate statistical analysis alter the positional relationship of the matrix elements. These elements correspond to numbers that are liable to be stored in contiguous memory cells of a computer, which should remain undisturbed. It is suggested that, in the absence of an adequate index notation that enables the manipulations to be performed without disturbing the data, even the most clear-headed of computer programmers is liable to perform wholly unnecessary and time-wasting operations that shift data between memory cells.


In my classes, I often talked about experiences that arise from either reflective or reflexive research. The former are moments that cause you to pause and quietly reflect on the discovery that has come into your life. The latter shakes you to the core, transforming you into an entirely new person. You might be reminded of the same gulf of emotional difference between sympathy and empathy. Reflexive revelations make you shout "Eureka!". Such was my study in Japan. Although I went there to study the shakuhachi and write a thesis about the influence of Buddhism on its music, I came away transformed. I did indeed achieve the goal I set out for myself (research material for a Master of Music thesis), but in the process I discovered ways of thinking and feeling that were entirely new and previously unknown to me. Granted, I had prepared myself in the years leading up to my field trip, with language lessons and enough courses in Buddhism to qualify me for a minor degree in the field. But the gap between reading and experiencing turned out to be a chasm too wide even to measure.


The present invention, ink with an ink jet apparatus for supplying received injection the stored ink in the reservoir, supplying a stored ink is mounted to come into close contact to the lower side of the ink reservoir of the active (Active) the storage and supply of the liquid from the ink jet printhead receive storage to supply the active (active) to the ink jet apparatus the liquid jet and the stored active (active) the liquid is stored in an active (active) liquid that is to form a single flow path return circulation to flow by circulating the ink jet apparatus by configuring active (active) and whole liquid storage which, by performing a rapid cooling of the heating chamber by forming the supply passage of the active (active) the liquid between the heat to the ink-jet apparatus in an ink jet print head chamber and the high-speed printing is possible, the active (active ) by the ink jet device and the nozzle of the liquid jet printhead assembly after injection It is possible to facilitate the lip, there is an effect that it is possible to check whether or not the injection of the active (Active) to the installation of the liquid supply hole (Hole) with circular hole (Hole).


In the previous paper, the author reported the theory ef the Chain Construction with Elastic Joints from the result Qf the experimental study en the Sandwich Curtain Wall. In the cLassical theory of the rigid frarne, a jeint and a member ef the framework are considered asapoint and a line severally. Narnely the area of the joint is taken no account of. But the idealization is doubtful for the actuaE frame, especially for those of the wide flange members oT of the lattice rnembers. The joint must be regarded as a structural which be deformed as well as a beam or a column. The present paper shows that each of the structural members connected to a jeint of the frarnework, rotates about the joint in propertion to the bending moment acting on the end of the members and the rotation may be caused by the shear deformation of the joint panel. It is assumed that bending deformation of the panel is disregardod and the panel part in ioint is enclosed with whose ends are hinged, The idealized medel of the frarnetwork is defined as fellews, each of those rnembers eentered at a point each other with torsional rnember. The result could be applied for pTactical purposes because the values selved by this theory in several cases ara g-ite appropriate for the other results.


For the shortcomings of the existing software radio frequency receiving front-end band, such as less coverage, low gain and high noise, a wide-band RF receiving front-end circuit based on AD9371 is designed. The frequency band coverage of this circuit is expanded to 10MHz~6000MHz through frequency conversion and its receiving gain is 60dB, the noise figure is lower than 3dB and the intermediate frequency output frequency is 2400MHz. This circuit is designed in following ways: firstly, the main parameters of the design is simulated and analyzed through ADS(Advanced Design System); secondly, the whole RF front-end is packed into a component by SystemVue and combining with the baseband part, a complete integrated system is build; finally, the integrated system is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the expected design goals is achieved in this design.


Thank you for this opportunity to discuss the Federal Reserve's semiannual monetary policy report to the Congress. My remarks this morning will cover the current monetary policy and economic settings, as well as the Federal Reserve's longer-term strategy for contributing, to the best of our abilities, to the nation's economic well-being. As the economic expansion has progressed somewhat fitfully, our earlier characterization of the economy as facing stiff headwinds has appeared increasingly appropriate. Doubtless the major headwind in this regard has been the combined efforts of households, businesses, and financial institutions to repair and to rebuild their balance sheets following the damage inflicted in recent years as weakening asset values exposed excessive debt burdens. But there have been other headwinds as well. The build-down of national defense has cast a shadow


This research proposes the application of foundational gender and feminism concepts to Roberto Bolano's last novel, 2666. Gender is an analytical category transversal in nature as it relates to various fields such as the social, political, economic, cultural, educational, even the philosophical and existential. One of the goals is to analyze the novel from these theories in order to discover the author's stance, sometimes ambiguous. The ultimate end of this work is to deepen into certain sort of terminology that has been culturally acquired through a clearly patriarchal philosophical system to pinpoint and deconstruct it, and create alternative discourses. By resorting to literary analysis it is possible to deliberate on topics such as inequality and concepts such as sexism, patriarchy, violence against women and their invisibility, masculinity and sexual discrimination.


In an effort to delineate hydrologic conditions in Maine, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Maine Department of Transportation, used streamflow data to develop dependent variables for 130 regression equations for estimating monthly and annual mean and 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 95, and 99 percentile streamflows for ungaged, unregulated rivers in Maine. Daily streamflow data from 24 rural unregulated basins with drainage areas between 14.9 and 1,419 square miles in Maine and northern New Hampshire were used in the derivation of the equations. Streamflow data collected from October 1, 1982, through September 30, 2012, were used to derive the dependent variables for this study to represent current [2015] hydrologic conditions in Maine and northern New Hampshire. Weighted least squares regression techniques were used to derive the final coefficients and measures of uncertainty for the regression equations. Eight basin characteristics serve as the explanatory variables: drainage area, distance from the coast, mean and maximum basin elevation, mean basin slope, mean basin percentage of hydrologic soil group A, fraction of sand and gravel aquifers, and percentage of open water. The largest average errors of prediction are associated with regression equations for the lowest streamflows derived for months during which the lowest streamflows of the year occur (such as the 5 and 1 monthly percentiles for August and September). The regression equations have been derived on the basis of streamflow and basin characteristics data for unregulated, rural drainage basins without substantial streamflow or drainage modifications (for example, diversions and (or) regulation by dams or reservoirs, tile drainage, irrigation, channelization, and impervious paved surfaces), therefore using the equations for regulated or urbanized basins with substantial streamflow or drainage modifications will yield results of unknown error. Input basin characteristics derived using techniques or datasets other than those documented in this report or using values outside the ranges used to develop these regression equations also will yield results of unknown error. Introduction Waterand natural-resources professionals routinely need to be able to estimate various streamflow statistics to manage resources, plan projects, and permit regulated uses of surface waters. For example, quantifying streamflows at a given location on a stream may be necessary for determining adequate dilution of waste load to a stream during low-flow conditions (typical of dry conditions during summer), evaluating a hydraulic structure's conveyance during high-flow conditions (typical of wet conditions during spring snowmelt or during large rain events), and evaluating or planning hydraulic connectivity and fish passage efficacy over a range of seasonal flows ranging from low to high. Although estimation of streamflow statistics at or near locations where streamflow data are routinely collected is straightforward, only a small fraction of all the streams in Maine are gaged. Regression equations offer a statistical method for estimating streamflows at ungaged locations. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has derived a variety of statewide and regional regression equations for estimating a range of streamflow statistics for ungaged streams in Maine. Hodgkins (1999) documents statewide regression equations for estimating peak flows with probabilities of annual exceedances of 0.2, 1, 2, 4, 10, 20, and 50 percent. Dudley (2004) derived statewide equations for estimating monthly and annual mean and median streamflows as well as the 7-day low flow with a 10 percent annual exceedance probability, superseding similar equations derived by Parker (1977). A few regional studies within Maine have produced regression equations for specific months: June and August median streamflows in southern Maine (Lombard, 2010), August median streamflows in eastern coastal Maine (Lombard, 2004), and August median streamflows in eastern Aroostook County (Lombard and others, 2003). In 2012, the USGS began a cooperative investigation with the Maine Department of Transportation (MDOT) to derive statewide regression equations that can be used to estimate monthly and annual mean and 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 95, and 99 percentile streamflows for ungaged rivers in Maine. 2 Regression Equations for Ungaged Rivers in Maine Purpose and Scope This report documents regression equations developed for estimating monthly and annual mean and 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 95, and 99 percentile streamflows for ungaged, unregulated rivers in Maine and northern New Hampshire along with the data and methods used to derive them. Statistics derived from streamflow data from 24 USGS streamgages on unregulated, rural rivers in Maine and northern New Hampshire were used as the dependent variables in the equations. Data describing various basin and climate characteristics, such as geology, land cover, land use, precipitation, and temperature, derived using geographic information systems (GIS) were used as explanatory variables in the equations. The regression equations presented in this report can be used to estimate streamflows for unregulated, rural basins in Maine and supersede those derived by Dudley (2004) because of the updated streamflow and basin characteristics data used. Description of the Study Area The State of Maine (fig. 1), in the northeastern United States, has a land area of 79,883 square kilometers (km2; 30,843 square miles [mi2]) with a population of 1.33 million people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). Maine is largely rural and forested with rolling topography of moderate to low relief throughout the State except for the high relief of the Appalachian Mountain Range in west-central Maine. Land elevation ranges from sea level (0 meters [m]; 0 feet [ft]) at the Atlantic coast (Gulf of Maine) to 1,606 m (5,268 ft) at the peak of Mount Katahdin (U.S. Geological Survey, 2001). The physiographic characteristics of west-central Maine extend into northernmost New Hampshire. Basin characteristics and streamflow data from 24 streamgages on rural, unregulated basins in Maine and northern New Hampshire (fig. 1) were used to derive the regression equations for estimating selected streamflow statistics. The study basins have no substantial streamflow or drainage modifications (that is, diversions and (or) regulation by dams or reservoirs, tile drainage, irrigation, channelization, and impervious paved surfaces large enough to affect the computation of monthly statistics). The study basins range in size from 38.6 to 3,675 km2 (14.9 to 1,419 mi2), with mean basin elevations ranging from 73 m (240 ft) at the coast in southern Maine to 646 m (2,120 ft) in mountainous northern New Hampshire (Gesch and others, 2009; U.S. Geological Survey, 2014a). The study basins are mostly forested, with deciduous or evergreen growth or a mix thereof (including shrub growth), covering from 67.6 to 99.2 percent (mean of 85.2 percent) of the study basin areas. Open water and wetlands compose 0.4 to 18.6 percent (mean of 8.3 percent) of the study basin areas. Land cover in the basins also includes developed land (residential housing, commercial and industrial development, and transportation; where impervious surfaces account for 20 to 100 percent of total cover) ranging from 0 to 3.7 percent (mean of 0.7 percent) and pasture and cultivated crop areas ranging from 0 to 11.6 percent (mean of 2.4 percent; Fry and others, 2011). Although the rural character of Maine has changed little since the beginning of the 20th century, the greatest changes in land use in Maine has been the replacement of agriculture and pasture lands by forest. The overall forest cover in the State is estimated to have been at its lowest around 1900 at about 70 percent. Forest cover increased to about 90 percent by 1995 (Irland, 1998). Maine has a temperate climate with mild summers and cold winters. Climatological averages computed for the 30-year period from 1981 to 2010 indicate a mean annual air temperature for Maine of 5.8 degrees Celsius (°C; 42.5 degrees Fahrenheit [°F]). Mean annual air temperature ranged from 2.9 °C (37.3 °F) at Allagash to 8.8 °C (47.8 °F) at Sanford. For the same period, the statewide mean minimum air temperature was 0.1 °C (32.1 °F) and the mean maximum was 11.6 °C (52.9 °F). Precipitation in Maine is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year with a mean annual of 1,153 millimeters (mm; 45.4 inches [in.]) for the 30-year period from 1981 to 2010, ranging from 853 mm (33.6 in.) at Frenchville to 1,440 mm (56.7 in.) at Acadia National Park (National Climatic Data Center, 2015). Data Used For This Study Streamflow Daily streamflow data collected at USGS streamgages (Rantz and others, 1982) on 24 rural, unregulated river basins in Maine and northern New Hampshire (fig. 1) were used to compute the statistics to serve as dependent variables for the regression equations developed. Candidate streamgages for this study needed to be located in Maine or in New Hampshire within 25 mi of the Maine border, in predominantly rural basins, and have more than 10 years of streamflow data substantially unaffected by diversions and (or) regulation by dams or reservoirs (table 1). The data were daily values derived and published from continuously collected data (typically in 15-minute intervals). Daily streamflow data were retrieved from the National Water Information System (NWIS; U.S. Geological Survey, 2014c) for the streamgages meeting the study criteria. Only a 6-day period of irregular low-flow regulation during September 20–25, 1985, for the Narraguagus River at Cherryfield, Maine (01022500) streamgage was censored from use in this study. Recent studies of climate variability and its effect on hydrology in Maine and New England have documented various trends over time. Many changes have been observed in the winter and spring seasons, during which high sn


Soil respiration rate varies with the vegetation contents in the forest ecosystems.In the central part of Tianshan Mountains,three kinds of forest types that distributed according to altitude were spruce pure forest,spruce and mountain ash mixed forest,and spruce,cypress,and subalpine meadow.In order to find the difference among these three kinds of forest types,we measured the soil respiration rate using LI-6400 Photosynthesis Sys-tem with soil chamber(LI-6400-09) from June to September.The results showed that the soil respiration rates of three kinds of forest types was unimodality curve from June to September,respectively,but the maximum values were existed in July,and it was 5.65 ± 0.46 μmol ·m-2 ·s-1,5.79 ± 0.27 μmol ·m-2 ·s-1,and 4.49 ± 0.29 μmol ·m-2 ·s-1.In these three kinds of forest types,the soil respiration rate of spruce and mountain ash mixed forest type was highest.During the whole measurement time,soil relative moisture was the dominant factor that affected the for-est soil respiration rate.


Walter Schimmerling, Ph.D. The components of space radiation that are of concern are the high-energy, charged nuclei of elements from hydrogen (protons) to iron (high-energy nuclei with charges greater than 2 are also referred to as "HZE particles". These particles are part of the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) background radiation that permeates interplanetary space. As shown in Figure D. 1(a), the fraction of GCR constituted by the


A rotor for a generator, in particular a turbo-generator of large capacity, has, in a rotor body (10) axially extending grooves (11) with inlaid conductor bars (12) which in the grooves (11) by means of wedges (13) radially supported and the ends of the rotor body (10) each in a rotor winding overhang (15) are electrically interconnected, wherein the rotor end windings (15) are covered geschoebene respectively by about the end of the rotor body (10), the rotor cap (20) and wherein in the grooves (11) an electrically insulating cover channel (22) is arranged in each case between the uppermost conductor bar and the wedge (13), arranged on which outside of the rotor body (10) between the rotor end winding (15) and the rotor cap (20) cap insulation (16) is connected. In such a rotor simplifications in construction while maintaining the same good or improved mechanical and electrical properties are achieved in that the covering channels (22) at the ends of the rotor body (10) are formed with axially stepped ends so that the cap insulation a ring or a plurality of cap insulation segments (27), which are the rotor body (10) is carried out so that they fit onto the axially stepped ends of the covering channels (22), and that the rotor cap (20) is pushed directly over the cap insulation.


A global appeal to focus research on developing new drugs, diagnostic tests, and vaccines for tropical diseases affecting poor people in developing countries has been launched by a group of scientists and non-governmental organisations.

Led by an independent foundation, Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi), the appeal was launched simultaneously in London, New Delhi, Nairobi, and Rio de Janeiro and was supported by Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) and Oxfam.

The appeal asks governments to make neglected diseases a research priority, ensure sustained financial support, and reduce patent and regulatory barriers in order to increase research and development activities for neglected diseases.

"The current system needs a fundamental overhaul to address …


Received: 23 June 2018 Accepted: 16 October 2018 Fluid dynamic systems are usually optimised through the equation of conservation of energy according to the first law of thermodynamics. In the aeronautic sector, many authors are claiming the insufficiency of this approach and are developing studies and models with the aim of coupling the analyses according to the first and the second law of thermodynamics. Second law analysis of internal fluid dynamics has not been studied with the same attention. Just heat exchangers and heat dissipation by electronic circuits are mostly considered. This paper focuses on the analysis of general internal fluid flow problem and recognizes initially it according to the first law of thermodynamics. The energy equation for a control volume is given in integral form along with a discussion on the concepts of total energy, heat and work. The dissipative terms, which need to be minimised to increase the system efficiency, are deeply analysed leading to a new dimensionless formulation of the equation of conservation of energy. It is based on Bejan number, according to the formulation by Bhattacharjee and Grosshandler. This formulation has been directly connected to second law analysis concerning both entropy generation and exergy dissipation making a step toward a future unification of the two alternative formulations of Bejan number which have been historically developed. The ambition of this research is far from providing a definitive solution. Otherwise, it aims to both raise problems and stimulate a discussion. Bejan number has been actually used in the definition of diffusive phenomena, such as convection and diffusion through porous media. Is it reasonable to enlarge its domain to the much larger domain of general fluid dynamics? If this extension will be evaluated possible, what are the potential implications for the future of scientific research? Can be the ambiguity between Hagen number and Bejan number be resolved? Can be the ambiguity between the diffusive definition and the entropy generation definition of Bejan number be solved? Can it be possible to state the equivalence between the two alternative formulations? Is it possible to define fluid dynamic and diffusive problems according to a unified vision in the domain of thermodynamics? What are the implications concerning analysis and optimisation of fluid dynamics phenomena by new equations that couples first and the second law of thermodynamics? Could it have the role of producing an effective unification of a larger multidisciplinary domain?


The emergence of the Internet and new technologies along with their challenges, have caused more attention to new and special aspects of ethics. This is an interview with Rafael Capurro on information ethics and Internet research ethics. This interview is given on the occasion of an invitation from Prof. Jafar Mehrad to visit the Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC) and the Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICEST) in Shiraz (Iran) from September 30 to October 5, 2014, and to give a number of lectures on the information concept and on information ethics.


With the combination of Internet and Things, people's life become more efficient and convenient, which leads to the explosive growth of data and the consumption of resources as well. Hence, in an IoT (Internet of Things) system, it is an emergent problem to optimize the strategy of resource allocation, which will help to maximize the resources utilization. In the mean time, it is becoming more and more difficult to deal with the skyrocketing data by using traditional routing protocols. In recent years, deep learning also develops dramatically, which is applied in many industries and fields. This paper concentrates on summarizing reinforcement-learning-based existing solutions and proposing a comprehensive solution, which optimizes the traditional structure and strategy of wireless internet of things system.


Absr roc t An 8-channel cochlear Implant for highr a t e pulsatl le s t imula t ion s t ra teg les Is presented. Symmetrlc biphaslc cur ren t pulses can be generated u p t o a maxlmum pu l se r epe t i t i on r a t e of 12.5 kpulsesls. T h e stimulation pulse amplllude can be selected withln 1.5 p i 1.5 mA. Data and power a re transcutaneously t ransfer red to the lmplant using a single rf channel . T h e overa l l d a t a r a t e Is 400 kBlt/s. The Implant contn lns a single mixed analog/dlgltal CMOS-ASIC lor da t a synchronizatlon and s t imulus genera t ion . S t imula t ion signals a r e applied vla a monopolar intra-cochlear multichannel electrode. Output capacitors a re employed for safety reasons . A f e e d b a c k m o n l t o r l n g sys t em fo r estimating the channel impedances and measur ing the Implant supply voltage Is included.


Abstract: The achatinellid Pacificella variabilis Odhner, 1922, is reported for the first time since its original description from its type locality, Easter Island (Rapa Nui), South Pacific Ocean, Chile. Specimens were found living on the bark of a lemon tree in Hanga Roa town and among the endemic grass Paspalum forsterianum on Motu Nui Islet. A redescription of the shell based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is provided. This represents the first report of the habitat of the species on Easter Island.


A variation of the classical clock synchronization problem is to synchronize clocks with an error that is proportinal to their distance in the network. Among several applications, gradient clock synchronization in wireless sensor networks can yield precise time coordination of packet transmissions, allowing for time-based collision free transmission scheduling. In this paper, we propose a simple and robust gradient clock synchronization (RGCS) algorithm designed for wireless sensor networks. The algorithm is fully distributed and operates independently of network topology, network routing and has no parameters to tune. It also does not require strict timing or reliability in clock synchronization messages or any global time reference. In particular, RGCS is based on a running average of logical clock rates and addresses specific aspects of gradient synchronization, such as estimating the logical clock of neighbors. We evaluate the algorithm through realistic simulations in various scenarios to illustrate the benefits of our approach. We also compare our results with GTSP a prominent gradient clock synchronization algorithm. Our results indicates that RCGS can operate adequately under high loss rates (50%) and high variability in the period of synchronization messages.


Since the 1970s, investigative profilers at the FBI's Behavioral Science Unit (now part of the National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime) have been assisting local, state, and federal agencies in narrowing investigations by providing criminal personality profiles. An attempt is now being made to describe this criminal-profile-generating process. A series of five overlapping stages lead to the sixth stage, or the goal of apprehension of the offender: (1) profiling inputs, (2) decision-process models, (3) crime assessment, (4) the criminal profile, (5) investigation, and (6) apprehension. Two key feedback filters in the process are: (a) achieving congruence with the evidence, with decision models, and with investigation recommendations, and (b) the addition of new evidence.


The present invention relates to a household appliance (1) comprising a body, a logo (3) comprising one or more than one logo segment (2) like characters such as letter, numeral, etc. and/or figures, symbols providing visual presentation of the producer name, the brand, the model or any characteristic of the household appliance (1) to the user, and a background (4) such as panel, front wall, door, etc. situated on the body and whereon the logo (3) is situated, and furthermore relates to a logo (3) coating method.


Speech recognition is a fascinating application of Digital Signal Processing and has many real-world applications. In this paper, a speech recognition system is developed for isolated spoken words using Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Speech signals are one-dimensional and are random in nature. This paper investigates Automatic Speech Recognition of gender from speech segments using digital speech processing and pattern recognition techniques. Speaker recognition is the process of automatically recognizing who is speaking on the basis of individual information included in speech waves. The speakers' voice is used to verify their identity and control access to services such as voice dialing, banking by telephone, telephone shopping, database access services, information services, voice mail, security control for confidential information areas, and remote access to computers using Speaker recognition technique . Acoustic coefficients were used to form test and reference templates for vowels, voiced and unvoiced fricatives. The effects of different distance measures were comparatively assessed to determine their effectiveness for the task of gender recognition from speech segments. Daubechies wavelets are and a multi-layer neural network trained with back propagation training algorithm is used for classification purpose


The present study aimed to induce a great variation exists among Rhizobium spp. that nodulate Leucaena leucocephala and Sesbania sesban, through the treatment with acridine and ascorbic acid and selection of strains for efficiency of the symbiotic association appears possible. Bacteria were isolated from nodules of both hosts growing in Egyptian soil, subcultured and verified to be rhizobia. The isolates varied significantly in their resistance to antibiotics and NaCI, their growth on different carbohydrate sources and their effect on the pH of culture media. Most isolates showed intermediate antibiotic resistance, the capacity to use numerous carbohydrates and a neutral to acid pH response. The mean generation times of these isolates ranged from 4.813 to 6.437 and 4.600 to 6.523 for Sesbania sesban and Leucaena leucocephala, respectively. Both acridine orange and ascorbic acid appeared genotoxic hazards effect on all rhizobial strains examined here. They demonstrated a dose-response for decreasing cell survival at the levels that are not excessively toxic to the bacteria. The standard assay with pie-incubation was quite toxic to the bacteria than plate incorporation test. Acridine orange and ascorbic acid shows an increase in the number of auxotrophic mutants over the spontaneous value this is evidence for their mutagenicity caused by DNA damage. The biochemical mutants obtained in this study were identified using nine plates of minimal medium each was supplemented with different combinations of four growth factors. From the results reported here, it can be concluded that acridine mutagenesis is due to an enhancement of mismatch repair. In addition, ascorbic acid may be mutagenic and cytotoxic through the generation of hydrogen peroxide.


Rift Valley fever virus belongs to
 the family Bunyaviridae and is a vector-borne zoonotic RNA virus that can cause a
 severe and sometimes even fatal hemorrhagic fever, retinitis and meningoencephalitis in 1 % of the clinical human cases.
 In livestock, especially small ruminants and cattle, as well as in camels,
 the infection leads to fever associated with a high neonatal morbidity and
 mortality. Characteristic indications for a RVFV infection are so-called
 abortion storms among pregnant sheep and goats. Humans can become infected by
 direct contact to infectious body fluids or tissues of infected livestock or
 wildlife animals. Up to date, the virus is found in Africa and on the Arabian
 Peninsula. As more than 30 different mosquito species are possibly competent
 transmission vectors for RVFV and are also found in more moderate climate,
 there is a standing risk for an incursion and spread of the virus to currently
 non-affected countries including Europe. In endemic regions with regular
 epizootic outbreaks as well as in currently RVFV-free countries, fast and well functioning
 serological and molecular diagnostic assays are needed to facilitate
 quick and precise control measures in present or future acute outbreak
 situations. The aim of this study was therefore to establish and
 validate novel diagnostic tools and assays for RVFV. The applicability of the
 methods was demonstrated in a recent RVF outbreak when a comprehensive
 serological analysis of serum samples from infected animals was carried out
 as well as a molecular characterization of RVFV isolates. Structural proteins (nucleocapsid
 protein NP, glycoprotein Gn and Gc)
 were expressed in E.coli and used
 as immunogens for the production
 of poly- and monoclonal antibodies as well as utilized as antigens in
 diagnostic assays. All three proteins were highly immunogenic in rabbits and
 mice which allowed the generation of poly- and monoclonal antibodies. In
 total, 45 ELISA-reactive murine monoclonal antibodies were further
 characterized by Western blot and with an adapted indirect immunofluorescence
 test. 32 of them also recognized conformational epitopes of virus proteins so
 that they can potentially be used in immunohistochemistry for antigen
 detection. One of the mabs directed
 against glycoprotein Gn also showed promising
 results in a competition ELISA with polyclonal rabbit serum as well as with
 serum samples from RVFV infected sheep and goats.
 As antibodies against both glycoproteins
 can already be detected four up to eight days after an infection with RVFV, a
 novel indirect ELISA based on glycoprotein Gn was established as an
 alternative to the already published or commercially available ELISAs using
 nucleocapsid protein as antigen. A direct detection of Gn- as well as
 NP-specific antibodies can facilitate the use of DIVA vaccines
 (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals) which are usually composed
 of RVFV subunits. The new Gn based ELISA was eventually validated with almost
 2000 field samples from four African countries (Senegal, Mozambique, Uganda
 and Yemen). These sera had been tested earlier by virus neutralization test
 which is considered as the gold standard method. The revealed sensitivity of
 94,56% and specificity of 95,57% of the Gn ELISA is suitable for its use as
 diagnostic assay in monitoring studies. Interestingly, this close correlation
 between the Gn ELISA and VNT results
 indicates that neutralizing antibodies are primarily directed
 to the Gn protein.
 The
 new Gn ELISA was eventually used for the analysis of 163 serum samples
 collected from small ruminants, cattle and camels from December 2010 to
 February 2011 during the late phase of a RVFV outbreak in Mauritania. The overall RVFV antibody prevalence in these animals
 was 57%. Interestingly, the
 IgM prevalence for small ruminants was almost
 53% which is indicative for a continuing outbreak and virus transmission
 events. Gn ELISA results were compared to data obtained by an adapted indirect immunofluorescence
 assay (IIFA) and to data obtained with commercial NP based ELISAs. Excellent
 correlations between the results of all assays used were found. Moreover, in four of the camel sera viral RNA was
 detected by real-time PCR which underlines their importance for the
 amplification and transmission of the virus. As camels are living in close
 contact to humans in Mauritania and are important for transboundary transport, they can pose a considerable
 transmission risk.
 In
 summary, the here described newly developed diagnostic tools and assays are a
 useful addition to already existing methods as could be shown in a RVF
 epidemic in Mauritania. As the novel test systems are robust, rapid and
 reliable they are suitable for the use in endemic African regions as well as
 in non-affected countries in Europe and North America.


Every plant and every animal commences existence as a single cell. When in the course of its growth this cell attains a certain size it divides. By repeated division the seed cell is converted into a new individual; but at one of the very earliest, if not at the first, of its sub-divisions material is set aside for the formation of the seed cells of the next generation. By the time that an animal is born all the seed cells which will, under favourable conditions, develop into its progeny, are in readiness. Even the


Infection of subcutaneous tissue by black fungi (subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis) has only been reported in six transplant patients, all of whom were solid organ recipients. These patients presented with indolent, localized infections at least 1 year after transplant, while on maintenance immunosuppressive regimens. They were cured by surgical resection, either alone or in conjunction with antifungal agents. We report a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis occurring in a bone marrow transplant recipient receiving high doses of immunosuppressive agents, in whom widespread subcutaneous infection due to Exophiala jeanselmei was not eradicated by repeated resections and therapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine. The infection was eventually cured after addition of itraconazole to the therapeutic regimen. Results of in vitro testing of the isolate for susceptibility to a combination of amphotericin B, flucytosine and itraconazole confirmed the potential role of combination antifungal therapy in the setting of refractory infection.


Four patients who had received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and had postmortem samples stored, were tested for genotypic resistance using consensus sequencing. One patient was further investigated using single‐copy sequencing. Patients 1, 3, and 4 showed a relatively uniform distribution of resistance‐associated mutations, with only a small number (one to three) of protease mutations detectable. Patient 2 had a number of detectable mutations (four to eight, depending on the tissue) with similar distributions between the tissues. The exception was viruses detected in the esophagus, which were more diverse. Plasma was a moderately representative tissue of the viruses circulating in these individuals. However, some mutations detectable in some tissues were not seen in plasma (e.g., M46I and D30N in the protease). Single‐copy sequencing revealed a wide distribution of quasi‐species and a number of defective viruses in the proviral DNA and RNA. This study supports the concept that a wide variety of quasi‐species circulate in each individual and that there may be viruses evolving independently in different body compartments. J. Med. Virol. 66:8–12, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


During the summer of 2015, a field campaign took place to help characterize off-the-shelf portable solar-viewing Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) instruments (EM27/SUN). These instruments retrieve greenhouse gas (GHG) abundances from direct solar spectra. A focus of this campaign was to test possible dependence on different atmospheric conditions. Along with the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Southern Great Plains (SGP) site in Oklahoma, experiments were conducted in Pasadena, California; Park Falls, Wisconsin; and the Armstrong Flight Research Center (AFRC), California. These locations are home to instruments in the Total Column Carbon Observing Network (TCCON). TCCON measurements were used as standards for the portable (EM27/SUN) measurements. Comparisons between the two types of instruments are crucial in the attempt to use the portable instruments to broaden the capabilities of GHG measurements for monitoring, reporting, and verification of carbon in the atmosphere. This campaign was aimed at testing the response of the portable FTS to different atmospheric conditions both local and regional. Measurements made at ARM SGP provided data in an agricultural environment with a relatively clean atmosphere with respect to pollution. Due to the homogeneity of the region surrounding Lamont, Oklahoma, portable FTS measurements were less effectedmore » by large changes in column GHG abundances from air mass movement between regions. These conditions aided in characterizing potential artificial solar zenith angle dependence of the retrievals. Data collected under atmospheric conditions at ARM SGP also provide for the analysis of cloud interference on solar spectra. In situ measurements were also made using a Picarro isotopic methane analyzer to determine surface-level in situ GHG concentrations and possible influences due to local agriculture and nearby towns. Data collected in this campaign have been presented via a poster at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting in 2015 and is included in a paper that is in preparation to be submitted to Atmospheric Measurement Techniques in 2016.« less


This research aims to analyze the exposure to "Love and Producer" mobile game's Facebook Fanpage, consumers' motivation, and loyalty. The research explores the relationship between the exposure to Love and Producer's Facebook Fanpage and consumers' motivation, as well as the relationship between consumers' motivation and their loyalty. This quantitative research was conducted through an online survey which collected data from 200 female respondents, aged between 18 and 50 years old from all over the world in which 49% of the respondents are American.

The results from the study reveals that respondents most frequently see photo post (M = 4.45) followed by text post (M = 3.95) from Love and Producer's Facebook Fanpage. Moreover, the respondents most agreed that they are motivated to play Love and Producer due to Realistic motivation (M = 3.80) with the most prioritized individual motivation being "I want to fall in love with my favorite characters" (M = 4.01). In terms of loyalty toward Love and Producer, the respondents were equally likely to continue to play (M = 4.29) as they are to recommend the game to others (M = 4.23). The results of this research also confirmed that there is a positive correlation (r = 0.285) between exposure to Love and Producer's Facebook Fanpage and consumers' motivation, and a positive correlation (r = 0.340) between the consumers' motivation and their loyalty.


The ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 is highly conserved in eukaryotes, from man to Schizosaccharomyces pombe. NEDD8 conjugation to cullin proteins is a prerequisite for cullin based E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and essential for S. pombe viability. Here, we have performed alanine scanning mutagenesis of all conserved surface residues and show that the majority of essential residues were located around the hydrophobic patch and the C-terminus. However, we further identified essential residues not previously reported to be involved in ubiquitin ligase regulation that importantly do not prevent Ned8p conjugation. We also find that mutation of all conserved lysine residues in Ned8p, did not affect yeast viability, suggesting that mono-neddylation is sufficient for yeast viability under most conditions.


A frequency tripler for X-band signal generation was implemented in 0.5 μm GaN-on-SiC HEMT MMIC process. The design with input and output matching network serve as band stop filters were utilized with the characteristic of bandwidth and harmonic suppression. The frequency tripler exhibit a measured conversion loss of 4.5 dB under an input power of 22 dBm with conversion efficiency of 1.0 to 1.8 % from a 15 V dc supply. The output 3-dB bandwidth is around 1.8 GHz ranging from 9.9 to 11.7 GHz, and the saturation output power can be operated to 19.8 dBm with an input power of 26 dBm. The fundamental- and second-harmonic suppression are better than 27.8 dBc and 15 dBc, respectively.


The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a liquid product according to hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feedstock stream in the presence of the bulk metal hydroprocessing catalyst. .BACKGROUND


A cavity-backed antenna for time domain operation within FCC approved frequency band for UWB communications has been designed. The antenna is based on an elliptically-shaped dipole. A non-absorbent back shield for this antenna is proposed and optimised numerically. The shield decreases an antenna back radiation by at least 20dB, increases antenna gain by 6dB and at the same time doesn't influence the antenna radiation patterns and the antenna matching to the generator. (6 pages)


Localization of 3H-dopamine-derived radioactivity in the chromaffin cells of the mouse adrenal medulla was studied by means of light and electron microscopic autoradiography. Twenty μCi/gbw of the isotope 3, 4-dihydroxy (ring-G-3H) phenylethylamine hydrochloride was injected intraperitoneally in seven mice, which were then perfusionfixed from the left ventricle of the heart with 2.5% glutaraldehyde from 15min to 24hrs after injection. Following the post-osmication, dehydration through an ethanol series and Epon embedding, sections of pieces of the adrenal gland and liver were processed for autoradiography using the dipping method.Both A and N cells of the adrenal medulla showed maximum radioactivity at 30min after injection of the isotope. The radioactivity on the A cells was remarkably higher than that on the N cells at 15 to 30min after the injection. However, both types of chromaffin cells contained a similar amount of radioactivity at later time points.It was demonstrated that at all time points examined, both A and N cells were highest in the 3H-dopamine-derived radioactivity in the zone immediately beneath the cortico-medullary junction, whereas the radioactivity in the central portion of the adrenal medulla was always lower. No difference was demonstrated between the ultrastructure of the heavily labeled chromaffin cells and that of the lightly labeled cells.No regional difference in the 3H-dopamine-derived radioactivity was demonstrated in the liver lobules.No zonal distribution of radioactivity was demonstrated in autoradiograms of the mouse adrenal medulla prepared after the 3H-leucine (L-leucine-4, 5-3H) injection.These results are consistent with the idea that the chromaffin cells in the zone immediately beneath the cortico-medullary junction of the mouse adrenal gland have a greater dopamine-handling capacity than those in the central portion of the adrenal medulla and that this phenomenon is characteristic of dopamine.


Like Bartleby's "I would prefer not to" and Pierre's "I write precisely as I please," H:erman Melville's epistolary bellow "Dollars damn me" has becorne a sort of benchmark appraisal of the conditions of j\.meriean authorship. "What I feel most moved to write, that is will not pay," he continues. "Yet, altogether, write the other way I cannot." Banned? Did the commercial fail-ure of Mardi (1849) amount to a deliberate censure of Melville's wish to publish a philosophical "venture"? Melville openly blarned the market, among other things, for rebuffing what he called elsewhere that "certain something unmanageable" in him-his mania for writing "wicked book[s]" like Mol?Y -Dick (I 8 5I) . I Though dramatic, his was not a peculiar indictment: versions of this sensational charge were a press ritual. In I840 Evert A. Duyckinck had characterized the market as "ruthless and exacting as an old-fashioned parent,"2 and seven years later he opened the Literary vtiOrld's second issue with an uneasy acknowledgment of moral caprice in the business of literary production. "A great deal has been lately said in vari0us ways of the conscience of publishers," he wrote, and of their "independence of the laws of morals supposed to govern the rest of the world." To contemporary observers the book trade seellled to have thrown off the gentlemanly deportment that had once prevailed, in a better business world that itself was largely a nostalgic myth. Modern publishers were the executors of million-dollar industries, the logic went, and an-


Abstract Smart cards are widely used for several applications. Education environments offer the best opportunities for the adoption of smart cards technology. Therefore, this study is interested to assess the awareness and adoption towards the current and future of smart card applications in university. The study focused on Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) since UUM was the pioneer adopter and implementer of smart card among universities in Malaysia. This study was conducted to identify the awareness and adoption of the current applications of university smart cards. Additionally, this study distinguished respondents' preferences for future applications of university smart cards in order to optimize the adoption process. Data were gathered through questionnaires that have been distributed to the UUM staffs. All the collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Results have shown that most of the respondents were aware of the smart card applications and identified which application that is the most aware of. The results have shown that respondents were aware and adopt similar applications. Nevertheless, even though the respondents were aware of the smart card applications, they do not fully adopt and use them. This study has also identified what applications that respondents prefer to be enhanced and continued in the future smart card.


The first author's name in the text of the Correction notice published on April 9, 2015 is misspelled. The publisher apologizes for the error. The correct name is: Eva C. Arnspang. The correct citation for the original article is: Arnspang EC, Kulatunga P, Lagerholm BC (2012) A Single Molecule Investigation of the Photostability of Quantum Dots. PLoS ONE 7(8): e44355. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044355.


OBJECTIVE To study on the dissolution rate in vitro of Dextromethorphan hydrobromide capsule in entecavir capsules.METHODS method was used as the stirring element.solvent was 0.1mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid solution.The dissolution rate of its entecavir was determined by HPLC.RESULTS The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.1~0.3mg.mL-1,r=0.9998.The average recoveries were 99.7% with RSD was 0.5%.The average dissolution of entecavir for this drug exceeded the marker amount by 90%in 30 minutes.CONCLUSION The method is good for the dissolution determination of Dextromethorphan hydrobromide capsule.


The present study deals with the analgesic effect induced by static magnetic fields (SMF) in mice exposed to the field with their whole body. It discusses how the effect depends on the distribution of the magnetic field, that is, on the specification and arrangement of the applied individual permanent magnets. A critical analysis of different magnet arrangements is given. As a result the authors propose a magnet arrangement recipe that achieves an analgesic effect of over 80% in the writhing test. This is a widely accepted screening method for animal pain and predictor of human experimental results. As a non‐drug, non‐invasive, non‐contact, non‐pain, non‐addictive method for analgesia with immediate and long‐lasting effect based on the stimulus of the endogenous opioid network, the SMF treatment may attract the attention of medical doctors, nurses, magnet therapists, veterinarians, physiotherapists, masseurs, and fitness trainers among others. Bioelectromagnetics 28:615–627, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The new proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors can have significant budget effects, depending on the breadth of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s approved labeling. American Health & Drug Benefits asked Stephen Gorshow, MD, Regional Medical Director, UnitedHealthcare, and James T. Kenney, RPh, MBA, Manager, Specialty and Pharmacy Contracts, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, to participate in a teleconference to better understand how payers are approaching the management of these agents.


Left ventricular assist device thrombosis is a detrimental complication that, if not properly diagnosed and treated, can lead to low output syndrome and death. When ongoing thrombus formation is caused by inappropriate anticoagulation, timely identification is possible, and could perhaps be the key to successful treatment.


AbstractSilicon thin films, phosphorus doped in situ, have been deposited on to glass substrates using low pressure chemical vapour deposition at 550°C. The doping level is determined by adjusting the phosphine/silane molar ratio. Using this method a wide range of concentration is controllable. For a gas molar ratio varying between 4×10−8 and 4 × 10−4, phosphorus atomic incorporation is in the range 3 × 1016−3 × 1020 cm−3. The resistivity of the layers varies from 8·3 × 105 to 1·5 × 10−3 Ω cm. Lightly doped samples were passivated by hydrogenation, and Hall measurements were carried out, showing a marked improvement of the electrical properties. A lightly in situ doped drain thin film transistor suitable for active matrix applications was fabricated which exhibited good electrical properties.MST/3335


In this paper the theoretical model and measurement method of a kind of X ray converter are presented. And the computed value is approximately consistent with the measured value. Additionally the error sources between two values are analyzed in this paper.


A simplified scheme of microwave near-field radar is considered. Focused Gaussian beams form a functional basis for holographic migration. Two-frequency phase measurements are used for the target localization. Numerical examples are given.


From 33 provinces and 471 districts / cities in Indonesia, only about 10
percent which have a formal delimitation, one of it is Central Java province which
has 35 districts. Central Java province has an income sources and the abundant
natural wealth in each area. Therefore, aims of this study are to proof empirically
the influence of Regionally Original Income (PAD), and General Allocation Fund
(DAU) on the allocation of Regional Expense in districts and municipalities in
Central Java.
This study uses 35 samples in Central Java, which the source is from the
Realization Report of the Estimate Income of Regional Expense (APBD) from
2007 until 2009. Method of the sample uses census method by taking the entire
population. The instrument that used result is a multiple regression.
Result of this study indicates that the DAU and the PAD have a significant
impact on regional expense allocations. Furthermore, the dependence level on
regional expense allocation is more dominant to PAD than DAU.


Consistent withthepreviously proposed re- orientation mechanism fortheADPATPtranslatorprotein ofmitochondria, evidence has now beenobtained for theexis- tenceoftwodistinct conformational statesoftheisolated translocator protein. Previous studies indicated that whenthe mitochondrial translocator protein isinthec-state (i.e., when its binding site faces thecytosol side) the protein binds primarily theligand carboxyatractylate (CAT), and whenthetranslocator protein isinthem-state (i.e., whenitsbinding site faces the mitochondrial matrix) thetranslocator protein binds primarily bongkrekate. Direct evidence for this formulation has now come fromtheapplication ofantibodies totheisolated translocator protein-ligand complex. Two antibodies were produced against theADPATP translocator protein isolated frombeef heart mitochondria. One antibody, which was produced against theprotein isolated as theCAT-binding protein complex, was found tobehighly spe- cific forthat complex anddidnotreactwith theprotein inthe conformation stateconferred bythebongkrekate ligand. This antibody didnotcovertheCAT-bindingsite, asevidenced by theexchange ofunlabeled CATwith ( SICATbound tothe translocator protein. However, the same antibody inhibited a transition oftheprotein fromthec-state tothem-state, asevi- denced byan inhibition ofthedisplacement of(5S CAT by bofigkrekate (added jointly withADP).Itappears,therefore, that theantibody immobilized thetranslocator protein inthe c-state. Thesecond antibody produced against the(somewhat less pure) ADPATPtranslocator protein, isolated asthebongkre- kate-binding protein complex, didnotreactwiththeCAT- binding protein. Thus, thesecond antibody appeared tobe specific forthetranslocator protein inthem-state. Neither antibody inhibited mitochondrial ADPATPtransport. Onefeature ofmembranes central totheir importance inliving cells istheir ability tocatalyze ahighly ordered transport of metabolites andionsbyspecific translocator proteins. Inmost eukaryotic cells, akeyintracellular transport process iscatalyzed bytheADP,ATPtranslocator protein (cf. ref. 1). Research in thelast several yearshasconsiderably clarified themodeof action oftheADP,ATP translocator protein. Ithasbeenpossible todemonstrate that theADP,ATPbinding site ofthetranslo- catorprotein isoriented either totheouter(cytosol) ortothe inner (mitochondrial matrix) face ofthemembrane (2-5). Each ofthese states ofprotein orientation may bestabilized bythe binding ofaspecific high-affinity ligand: carboxyatractylate (CAT) forthecytosol orc-state andbongkrekate (BKA) forthe matrix orm-state. These twostates appeartoreflect different Abbreviations: CAT,carboxyatractylate;


The content of Hu Zhongda's Essays on History is extensive.In the discussion of slavery system,the author surpasses the contemparory in scientific discussion,and published perspectives that the people before him haven′t published.Also,the author of the essays is interested in comparison between the Chinese ancient history and the world ancient history,he does a pioneer work in several problems for the ancient history study in our country.We believe The Anthology of Essays will become one of the excellent works on history,and will have active influence on hisory studies,especially on the development of world ancient histories and historical theories.


BCICS sponsors and facilitates collaborative interdisciplinary scholarship on crucial problems facing the world. Our activities promote dialogue on international affairs thereby enriching educational programming at Northwestern. Working with a variety of organizations and communities, we contribute to preparing exemplary global citizens. MISSION :: On April 19, BCICS will host a celebration of our naming as the Roberta Buffett Center for International and Comparative Studies (BCICS) that will follow a public lecture by Ales Debeljak, one of this year's Roberta Buffett Visiting Professor in International Studies.


Cancer is an important public health problem, which conditions the recovery of health to the adherence to treatment demonstrated by the subjects affected by the disease. This study sought to understand which factors facilitate and hinder adherence to cancer treatment and what are the possible interventions. This is a qualitative research with documental design, in which statements of subjects undergoing cancer treatment published in social networks were collected and grouped. The methodology of data analysis was guided by Content Analysis, and from the exploration of the statements, five thematic categories were identified: the subject and his internal world; the impacts on quality of life; subject, family and health team; health system and its conditioning factors; protective resources. The results indicated that adherence to treatment is a multifactorial phenomenon, which requires a broad and empathetic look at the construction of policies and health care. It is essential that health practices recognize the subjectivity of individuals affected by cancer. And thus, understand their difficulties in adherence as part of the process of adaptation to this condition and rethink interventions that help in this process.


Steganography is the science of hiding data within data. Either for the good purpose of secret communication or for the bad intention of leaking sensitive confidential data or embedding malicious code or URL. However, many different carrier file formats can be used to hide these data (network, audio, image..etc) but the most common steganography carrier is embedding secret data within images as it is considered to be the best and easiest way to hide all types of files (secret files) within an image using different formats (another image, text, video, virus, URL..etc). To the human eye, the changes in the image appearance with the hidden data can be imperceptible. In fact, images can be more than what we see with our eyes. Therefore, many solutions where proposed to help in detecting these hidden data but each solution have their own strong and weak points either by the limitation of resolving one type of image along with specific hiding technique and or most likely without extracting the hidden data. This paper intends to propose a novel detection approach that will concentrate on detecting any kind of hidden URL in all types of images and extract the hidden URL from the carrier image that used the LSB least significant bit hiding technique.


principles. Sixth, a 'necessity test' is to be established to ensure that regulations are not more burdensome than necessary. However, the case studies also reveal that, depending on the service activity involved, there can be great differences in both the policy objectives pursued and in the form of instruments used to balance the ability to regulate and trade liberalization. The case studies offer a stimulating overview of the challenges that regulators are typically confronted with. These are likely to become even more complex with the development of new forms of services. The case studies are also helpful to understand the complexity of developing disciplines applicable to all services sectors, and the necessary balance between the right of governments to regulate and their obligation not to impose trade-restrictions through regulation. According to the editors, the negotiations on domestic regulation could finally result in the adoption of disciplines if WTO Members were less ambitious and, in line with the GATS Article VI:4 original mandate, only addressed licensing and qualification requirements and procedures as well as technical standards. However, the editors also recognize that the central question of the 'necessity test' remains a major stumbling block despite the positive precedent of the 1998 Accountancy Disciplines, which, similarly to the TBT and SPS Agreements, require that 'measures are not more trade restrictive than necessary to achieve a legitimate objective'. As noted by Roberto Azevêdo, the WTO Director-General, in the foreword, this collection is a valuable contribution to a better understanding of the complex and sensitive interplay between domestic regulation and the liberalization of trade in services. By initiating a dialogue between the trade and regulatory communities, and proposing pragmatic solutions based on this dialogue to strengthen trade disciplines to promote further liberalization while preserving Members' regulatory freedom, it achieves its objective. Regardless of the continuation and possible outcome of the negotiations taking place in the WTO, the assessment made in WTO Domestic Regulation and Services Trade: Putting Principles into Practice is pertinent for bilateral, regional, and plurilateral negotiations on trade in services and for domestic authorities intending to autonomously promote liberalization in the commerce of services through regulation. This makes the collection a must-read for both trade in services negotiators and services regulators.


Spontaneous cell death by apoptosis—occurring during normal spermatogenesis in mammals—is a prominent event, which results in the loss of up to 75% of the potential number of mature spermatozoa. In the rat testis, the most conspicuous dying cells are pachytene spermatocytes, which are also the primary target of the apoptosis experimentally induced by methoxyacetic acid (MAA).


We briefly review the constraints on the search for low mass WIMPs (<15 GeV) and the various experimental methods. These experiments depend on the response of detectors to low energy signals (less than 15 keV equivalent energy). We then describe recent fits to the data and attempt to determine Leff, the energy response at low energy. We find that the use of a liquid Xenon two-phase detector that employs the S2 data near threshold is the most sensitive current study of the low mass region. We rely on some talks at Dark Matter 2010.


[9-16] 1/2 L, Collect, Fwd, Rock L, Recover, Back, Open, Point, Walk x2, Rock, Recover &1 Turn 1/2 L Stepping on RF, Collect LF next to RF (9:00) 2-3&4 Step forward on RF, Rock fwd on LF, Recover weight on RF, Step Back on LF &5 Open back up to 12:00 Stepping RF to R and turning 1/4 R, Point LF to L 6-7 Recover weight on LF while turning 1/4 L, Walk forward R (9:00) 8& Rock fwd on LF, Recover weight on RF


The high order crossings (HOC) method is introduced for injury detection and EEG signal discrimination applications. Data analysis results show that the HOC-based method is very efficient for detecting possible hypoxic injuries and discriminating signals with different statistical properties.


Osteoarthritic pain has a strong impact on patients' quality of life. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms underlying osteoarthritic pain will likely lead to the development of more effective treatments. In the present study of osteoarthritic model rats, we observed a reduction of M-current density and a remarkable decrease in the levels of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 proteins and mRNAs in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, which were associated with hyperalgesic behaviors. The activation of KCNQ/M channels with flupirtine significantly increased the mechanical threshold and prolonged the withdrawal latency of osteoarthritic model rats at 3–14 days after model induction, and all effects of flupirtine were blocked by KCNQ/M-channel antagonist, XE-991. Together, these results indicate that suppression of KCNQ/M channels in primary DRG neurons plays a crucial role in the development of osteoarthritic pain.


Here, we presented a novel near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors based on Si micro-holes array/graphene (SiMHs/Gr) Schottky barrier diode (SBD) for monitoring heart rate. The SBD exhibited a unique self-filtered NIR response in a range from 900 nm to 1160 nm with a responsivity of 122 mA/W at zero bias voltage. Moreover, our device possessed an ultrahigh signal to noise ratio (SNR) of more than $10^{{5}}$ between visible and NIR light. The presented self-filtered NIR photodetector was used as a non-contact transmission-type photoplethysmography sensor for real-time heart rate monitoring. Due to the suppression of disturbances caused by ambient light, our device performed more accurate heart rate monitoring than those extracted from commercial broadband photodetectors.


The origins of freedom of expression. Freedom of expression right in the international conventions. Turkey in the decisions of the ecthr. Legal framework in Turkey. Assessments of the international organization on freedom of expression and press in Turkey. The current situation of freedom of expression and press.


The relationship between adsorption behavior and photocatalytic mechanism of the two dyes wasinvestigated. Adsorption isotherms showed that the adsorption of cationic pink FG was Langmuir type behavior,while the reactive brilliant red k-2G was Freundlich type behavior. The increasing pH favored the adsorption of FGbut have little effect on the photodegradation. The increasing pH favored the adsorption and the photodegradation ofradicals scavenger tetranitromethane inhibited the photodegradation of FG. These results indicated that thephotodegradation of FG mainly via free radicals in solution, and the photodegradation of k-2G was mainly on theeffect of SO2-4 , HCO-3 on the adsorption and photodegradation of two dyes confirmed these results.


The analysis of superconducting sample by using a sputtered neutral particle mass spectrometer demonstrates that Ca and Ba elements are oxidative, Cu is non-oxidative, Hg is mainly in metallic form near the surface and becomes oxidative far from the surface, and Pb is concentrated on the surface. The analysis also reveals that the highly concentrative hydrocarbon and water impurities are mixed into the sample during the preparation and conservation.


There is still a large surplus yield in Qianjiang Sag which is in medium-to-high stage of exploration.Petroleum explored reserve growth there has gone through rapid growth period of explored reserve less than 50%,stable growth period of explored reserve between 30% and 50% and lasting growth period of explored reserve larger than 50% with the characteristics of chunks followed by small pieces,structure by lithology and shallow by deep layer.Petroleum reserve growth depends on quantity of resource in the basin while its growth power comes from the innovation of exploration theory,the progress of exploration technology and lasting input of exploration workload.


Although the AMT was originally enacted to target the superwealthy, various changes in the early years reflected Congress' goal of limiting the ability of any taxpayer to reduce his or her federal tax burden by aggregating preferences. The current AMT thus acts as a secondary tax system with flatter rate brackets and a broader tax base that applies whenever a taxpayer's accumulated preferences under the regular tax result in a tax liability below that demanded by the AMT. There are genuine concerns about its complexity, its potential reach into lower-income ranks, and its lessened effectiveness in ensuring that the wealthy pay at least a minimum level of tax on their economic income. Nevertheless, several factors outweigh these concerns. These factors include the country's current fiscal situation, efficiency arguments that recognize the AMT's reinforcement of policies underlying certain preferences, fairness arguments favoring the AMT as an existing mechanism for targeting high-income taxpayers in ways that remain politically palatable, and the potential for pragmatic reforms to ensure that the AMT retains its role as a supplemental rather than a primary tax system.