Pneumonia due to Pneumocystis jiroveci frequently occurs in patients with haematologic malignancies. It may have typical as well as atypical presentation and carries high mortality in this group of patients. Hence, a high degree of suspicion is mandatory to arrive at a correct diagnosis, institute appropriate treatment and prevent mortality. We report a case of pneumocystis pneumonia presenting as nodular shadows on chest radiograph in a patient of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(ALL).


We found a characteristic time pattern in the temporal variation of the tidal effect of the moon and the sun semidiurnal waves on the intermediate-depth seismic activity of the Vrancea zone (60km < depth < 300km). This pattern consists of a systematically decreasing of the correlation coefficient preceding the occurrence of M ≥5.0 earthquakes. This coefficient represent the significance level to reject the null hypothesis of the randomly earthquake distributions in the sliding time windows. The distributions are obtained by applying in every sliding window a staking method of analysis named HiCum (Histogram Cumulating) to investigate for S2 and M2 periodicities existing in the earth-tides spectrum. Assuming the physical consequences of the tidal effect on the seismic zone, reflected in the variation of the statistically coefficients, we investigated the implication of the principal moon and sun tidal waves in the time and space evolution of seismic parameters (latitude, longitude, depth and magnitude) of the earthquakes in this seismic zone. Our result could constrain the research of the seismic source characteristic and dynamically pattern and enlarge the area in the studies of the seismic hazard.


The article describes the views of the Jadid enlighteners of Turkestan on the problem of women in the late 19th - early 20th centuries, in particular, the role and place of women in society, the level of their literacy, and the efforts of the Jadids in this direction. views were analyzed such as improving their education, attracting them to schools of new methods.
Index Terms. atyns, Jadid schools, Sadriddin Aini, Fitrat, Behbudi, education


A monadic stream (which we call a monster ) is a potentially infinite sequence of values in which every element triggers a monadic action. Monsters are useful tools in functional programming: they can be instantiated to pure streams, lazy lists, finitely branching trees, interactive processes, state machines, and many other data structures. A monster σ consists of an action for some monad M that, when executed, returns a head (first element) and a tail (continuation of the stream). This process is repeated in non-well-founded progression: monsters form a coinductive type. Here is the formal type-theoretic definition of the set of streams with base monad M and elements of type A ( M -monsters ), in Haskell/Agda notation:


Objective To explore the roles of MCP-1 and BMP-7 in the formation of auricular keloids. Methods Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect MCP-1 and BMP-7 expression in 29 cases of auricular keloid tissues and22 cases of normal skin tissue. The correlation between MCP-1 and BMP-7 expression in auricular keloid tissues was discussed. Results The positive rate of MCP-1in auricular keloids group was 82. 76%,which was significantly higher than that of non-pathological scar group( 28. 57%) and the control group( 9. 09%)( χ2= 12. 033,24. 350; all P 0. 05); The positive rate of BMP-7 in keloids group was 17. 24%,which was significantly lower than that of non-pathological scar group( 57. 14%) and the control group( 81. 82%)( χ2= 9. 442,18. 432; all P 0. 05). A negative correlation between MCP-1 and BMP-7 expression of auricular keloid tissues was noted( r =- 0. 538,P 0. 05).Conclusion MCP-1 and BMP-7 participate in the regulation of auricular keloid formation process. BMP-7 can be used as an ideal target in gene therapy to prevent keloids.


The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of 12 Holstein female and 11 male calves (23 in total) grown under Mediterranean winter climate conditions. In this experiment, 4–6 months old animals were used with initial weight of 148 and 123 kg Holstein males and females respectively. The experiment lasted for 4 months and the mean final weights of males and females were 270 and 230 kg; mean total weight gains 121 and 106 kg and finally daily liveweight gains of 1.011 and 0.885 kg, respectively. The differences in final weights, total weight gains and daily liveweight gains between Holstein male and female calves were statistically significant (P<0.05). In conclusion, Holstein male calves performed better than the females of the same breed in indoor production systems grown under the Mediterranean climate conditions.


Potent activity combined with a favorable safety profile make loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspension 0.2% a valuable option for the management of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.


Cassine glauca (Celastraceae) is widely prevailed in India and Srilanka, the plant parts are used in traditional medicine such as menstrual disorders, skin wounds and cuts, rheumatism and epilepsy. The aim of this study is to establish the phytochemical constituents present in the bark of cassine glauca and also to determine the anticonvulsant activity. The preliminary phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, steroid, Tannin, Phenol and Flavonoids. The phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract are separated using Hexane: Ethylacetate as solvent system by column chromatography. Silica gel is used as fixed phase. By this method one of the phytoconstituent is separated which led to the isolation of stigmasterol. The structure of stigmasterol compound is elucidated using chemical test and spectroscopic techniques. The LD 50 of ethanolic extract is found out by acute toxicity studies. It is found above 2000mg/kg body weight. Evaluation of anticonvulsant activity using MES and lithium pilocarpine induced convulsion in albino rats. The ethanolic extract of cassine glauca bark decreased the duration of Flexion, Hindlimb extension, clonus and stupor phase of MES induced convulsions as compared to control. Lithium-pilocarpine induced convulsions are compared with control and standard Diazepam. The results of the study reveal that ethanol extract of cassine glauca bark possess anticonvulsant effect.


Typhoid fever is an endemic disease which still have high incidence rate especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi. Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) leaf extract has antibacterial capability against some strains of bacteria. Therefore, researchers examined the use of starfruit leaf extract against Salmonella thypi bacteria. This was a true experimental research that test the antibacterial activity of the starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) leaf extract against Salmonella typhi growth. This research using diffusion method on Muller Hinton Agar Palte. Starfruit leaf extracted with ethanol and divided in several concentrations. Statistical tests is conducted with descriptive test and Kruskal Wallis test to compare antibacterial effect of starfruit leaf extract in different concentrations in Salmonella thypi. Mean diameter of the inhibition on Salmonella typhi antibacterial activity test were as follows Treatment 1 (0.3 g/ml) = 20.75 mm; Treatment 2 (0.4 g/ml) = 21.88 mm; Treatment 3 (0, 5 g/ml) = 22.88 mm; Control 1 (chloramphenicol 30 mcg) = 30 mm; Control 2 (5% DMSO) = 0 mm. Based on the obtained results, qualitatively it can be concluded that the concentration of starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) leaf extract gave growth inhibition zone in Salmonella typhi at concentrations of 0.3 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml and 0.5 g/ml. Based on the standard Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (2008), all of them provide a sensitive response to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi as well as giving antibiotic chloramphenicol as control. (FMI 2012;48 144-149)


A convenient—simple, sensitive, rapid and reproducible—enzyme immunoassay to measure H‐2 particulated and solubilized cellular antigens is described. Cellular antigens were measured by ELISA through the binding of specific biotinylated antibodies and streptoavidin‐peroxidase conjugate to cells in suspension. Endogenous peroxidase activity of activated cells was inhibited by addition of sodium azide and H2O2 in acid conditions. The assay proved capable of distinguishing between two cell lines (EL–4/H–2b and P815/H–2d) and even between the cells of three congenic mouse strains (BALB/B, H–2b, BALB/c, H–2d, and BALB/K, H‐2k) and was sensitive to as few as 2.5 × 104 cells/well. Results were comparable to those obtained with FACS. An inhibition version of this assay was found to be very useful for the detection of H–2 antigens present in whole antigen cells extracts. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Lateral spatial interactions in the visual nervous system are commonly adduced to account for a variety of simultaneous contrast (induction) phenomena with regard to the perception of both brightness1 and spatial contrast.2 The relationship of these two systems of lateral interaction has not been clarified. Available evidence suggests that the lateral interactions governing perceived contrast embody a form of multiplicative contrast gain control.2 Evidence is presented that the lateral interactions governing brightness perception are similarly the result of multiplicative luminance-gain control, in addition to a subtractive (zero-offset) process. Utilizing the grating induction paradigm1 in association with a contrast-matching procedure, the inducing grating spatial frequency was varied across a range of eight octaves (0.0625-16.0 c/d), encompassing a clear transition in the form of lateral interactions from ones based on a luminance-gain control mechanism to those based on a contrast-gain control mechanism.


As a superpower country that plays an essential role in supporting the development of third-world countries, the United States of America issued a policy made explicitly for countries in the Sub-Saharan African  countries. This study attempts to discuss African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) as a foreign policy initiated by the United States as the leading actor in providing economic assistance to support the development in Africa. This study uses the concept of foreign policy to achieve the state's national interest. It uses the qualitative method to collect the data needed to fulfill the information regarding the author's topic. This study finds that this policy immensely helped Africa become a productive region and compete internationally. Although its application has many challenges, AGOA generally grants both parties. The increasing development of the global world that has become more complex and the change of the leader of the U.S. has made this U.S. foreign policy within the AGOA run dynamically, which means that it can shift according to the circumstances.


tion Kemeny will have completed a formidable labor. Great credit is due the Historical Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences for sponsoring the publication of so thorough a work on a subject once universally neglected in Hungarian historiography. One's only regret is that at present this incomparable set of source materials is accessible only to those who read Magyar. A one-volume selection of scarce or otherwise valuable documents, in their original language or translated into one of the major languages, would add immeasurably to the resources available to all other students of the nationalities of dualist Hungary.


The construction of smart grid brings new opportunities for the development of power demand side management.This paper first analyzes the smart grid technology under the new situation faced by the electric power demand side management,points out that the intelligent power demand side management system is the development trend of the future power demand side management. According to the demand of intelligent electricity,construction was introduced in detail the key technology of intelligent power demand side management system and its structure and func-tion coKnfeigyu wraotirodns.smart gridpower demand side management


Responding to the essays that make up the 2020 decennial special issue on the state of the art in rhetorical criticism, this essay takes a rhetoric of inquiry approach that asks what metaphors, invocations, appeals, devices, or patterns of rhetoric drive the communicative practices of these scholars, and what the implications of those choices might be for understanding the present and influencing the future shape of the field.


Ricinoleic acid from castor oil was dimerized by dehydration of the secondary alc. group using Fuller's earth and concd. sulfuric acid. In the presence of Fuller's earth, dehydration was intramol. resulting in the formation of linoleic acid; in the presence of concd. sulfuric acid dehydration was intermol., resulting in the formation of a dimer. Two fractions of a sulfuric acid dehydrated sample from a silica gel column showed cytopathic effect on HeLa cells. [on SciFinder(R)]


This article pats forward the importance and necessity of electro-magnetic compatibility technology in research and design of special vehicles,gives out the detailed analysis of interference between cables,the interference caused by grounding and grounding resistance,and the probloms occurred in shielding,and also covers the most effective ways to solve the practical problems in engineering practice.


Through setting up three different open states of a building with double glass curtain wall in guangzhou to simulate the ordinary Low-E hollow glass curtain wall, the enclosed double glass curtain wall and the internal respiration double glass curtain wall, and the glass surface temperature and air temperature are continuously tested. According to the monitoring results analysis, it concludes that the human thermal comfort is preferred sequence is: the internal respiration double glass curtain wall, enclosed double glass curtain, and Low-E hollow glass curtain wall.The energy conservation effect also has the same sort.


Shear strengths of rectangular chip component soldered with Sn-Pb solder and with Sn-Ag-Cu solder were studied by means of STR-1000 micro-joints tester and microscopic fractography by SEM.Fracture appearance of the joints was also analyzed. The results indicate that shear strength of the joints soldered with Sn-Ag-Cu is greater than that with Sn-Pb, but the shear curves of two kinds of joints obviously show that plastic strain appear before joints crack. SEM analysis of the fractures illustrates that cracks are located in two interfaces: one is between solder and component bottom pad, the other is between solder and component side pad, and the performances of the joints soldered with Sn-Ag-Cu solder are better than that with Sn-Pb solder, which illuminate that Sn-Pb solder can be completely replaced by Sn-Ag-Cu solder.


The suitable spatial scale,rational aim,feasible tactics,pathways and measures of restoring and rehabilitating degraded mountain ecosystem were analyzed and expounded in this paper. In the view of practices from home and abroad,the suitable spatial scale is the watershed system of the area of less than 40~50 km 2,because it has nice feasible and controllable and obeys intrinsic integrity and hierarchy of mountain ecosystem;The aim of restoration and rehabilitation is to build up an ecosystem at the state of nice circulation with a rational structure and mutual coordinate function,not only preventing degradation and restoring environment and vegetation, also improving local economy and shed poverty and getting rich;As though tactics usually have four kinds,it is necessary to implement synthetic tactics, not single one;The lose of biodiversity is the core and key of ecosystem degradation,causing the structure simplification and function weakening. The pathway of restoration and rehabilitation should set out from preserving and recovery biological diversity and rehabilitating plant communities. Special attention should be paid to biological measure,especially plants,and engineering,cultivation,and management measures also should be combined in the rehabilitation process. All the above had been proved by the practice of restoration and rehabilitation in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River.


Rearrangement of the pyran-based aryl enol ethers proceeds with nearly complete diastereoselectivity affording the (E)-trans products, regardless whether (E)- or (Z)-substrates are being used.


In this paper, the process of SAR signal processing is analyzed. By using VC++6.0 and SimuLink, SAR simulation system at video frequency is designed, and using RD algorithm completes image of point object. Comparing the speed of simulation at video frequency with the speed at median frequency, dominance of simulation speed is confirmed.


Hypergeometric functions with matricial argument are being used in several fields of mathematics. This article tries to obtain a good approximation of this family of functions, since there are no general expressions for them, calculating zonal polynomials of high degrees and developing the functions in a truncated series.


Antistatic ceramic with good mechanical performance has wide application in fields of aerospace, petrochemical engineering, electronics and textile. Antistatic ceramic ZrO2 was fabricated via an innovative surface modification method based on embedding Fe-infiltration into the 3Y-TZP ceramic at high temperature, which showed good antistatic and mechanical properties. In addition, microstructure and morphology of as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and XPS. Furthermore, the antistatic mechanism of ZrO2 ceramics was investigated. The effects of infiltration temperature and infiltration time on vickers hardness and surface resistivity of specimen were evaluated. Experimental results showed that the surface resistivity and hardness decreased with the increase of infiltration temperature and infiltration time, in which the surface resistivity decreased from more than 10 Ω/□ to 8.3×10 Ω/□, and the hardness of ZrO2 ceramics decreased from 12.7 GPa to 11.23 GPa after infiltration at 1000°C for 4 h. Analysis results indicated that there was a phase transformation of ZrO2 from t-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2 in the infiltration process. It was also found that Fe, Fe3O4 and FeO located in the interface of infiltration layer, which were attributed to the antistatic property of ZrO2 ceramics.


In a field experiment, 6 amounts of superphosphate [0–800 kg phosphorus (P)/ha] were applied in July 2000 to an acidic lateritic ironstone gravel sandy soil treated 24 years previously (May 1976) with 6 amounts of superphosphate (0–599 kg P/ha). In October 2001, samples of the top 10 cm of soil were collected to measure the capacity of the soil to sorb P by the phosphate retention index (PRI) and P buffer capacity (PBC) methods, and to measure soil test P by the Colwell (sodium bicarbonate) procedure. The capacity of the soil to sorb P, as measured by both PRI and PBC, decreased with increased P application in 1976. For all amounts of P applied in 2000, Colwell soil test P increased with increased P application in 1976. We conclude that increasing amounts of P applied in 1976 decreased the capacity of the soil to sorb the subsequent application of P, thereby increasing soil test P values of soil treated with the subsequent P.


This paper pertains to newer histopathologic and histochemical procedures in regard to the cutaneous lesions of systemic lupus erythematosus, especially in regard to the presence of nucleic acids in connective-tissue cells and other cells and the relation of the activity of connective-tissue cells to the extracellular factors of dermal connective tissue, including ground substance. We do not intend to review the characteristic histopathologic features of various types of lupus erythematosus. This has been done recently by Ellis and Bundick * and also, over a period of years, by one of us (Montgomery) and his associates.† Klemperer‡ has summarized the pathologic findings in the internal organs in this disease. Hargraves and co-workers 9 have stated that the main characteristic of the lupus erythematosus (L.E.) cell is the loss of chromatin pattern in the fragmented and phagocytized nucleic material; thus, there is a question of disintegration of nucleopro


HE African came to know Christianity, in this part of the New 1 World, as a system of values (the Christian ideas), and as a normative structure (the Catholic Church). These two were interrelated, although frequently in conflict with other values and other structures emerging from the social system which was established as a consequence of Portuguese colonization. In his quality as slave he was integrated into an inter-relational combine which included new forms of ecologic adaptation, of economy, of inter-personal relationships and their regulation, on a rural basis, and of a slave-holding, latifundiarian and senSorial orientation. This social system flourished as an agricultural empresa, in a tropical milieu, for the large scale exploitation of a single product-sugar, cotton, tobacco, or coffee-desired by the European market. Only later it developed into a pastoral undertaking for the breeding of cattle, or also into the extractive industry in the precious metal mines. The common characteristic was the occupation of large tracts of lands for the exclusive or principal cultivation of one of the above products, and the utilization of captive labor (initially that of Indian slaves and later of Negroes " purchased " in Africa). This work was done for the benefit of a proprietor who thus was transformed into a lord of men, anlmals, and things, and over these came to exercise a quasi-absolute dominion. This agricultural enterprise was the first to stabilize itself economically, permitting the Portuguese to fix themselves in the New World. It was of decisive influence upon the new society that resulted therefrom, notwithstanding the later regional diiTerentiation. It created a transposition of social structures and inculcated new values and social norms, as well as making general the systems of personal interrelation that dynamized it. The particular societies and the regional sub-cultures that subsequently arose in other social conditions and in other areas of Portu


Most reservoirs of the south Dagang Oilfield are complex fault block pools with faults developed in the reservoir. The blocks are small and closed, the reservoir permeability is low and oil viscosity is high, which makes it difficult to displace oil by water flooding. Soon after injectors are brought into production, the injection pressure is increased rapidly. Meanwhile, the injectivity decreases dramatically, which leads to little benefit to corresponding oil wells. For this kind of reservoir, hydrophilic property of the sandstone could be used advantageously. According to the spontaneous imbibition expulsion mechanism of the sandstone, the higher recovery efficiency could be obtained by water injection-production. Wang 26-1 block of Wangguantun Oilfield is of low permeability, and Zi 19-14 block of Zilaitun Oilfield is of high viscosity, and both are hydrophilic complex block pools. On the success of pilot test, the development mode of water injection-production had been used in this way and oil production increment of the two blocks reached over 22,000 t.


The invention discloses a Chinese hamster ovary gene engineering cell strain with high-efficient secretory expression of leptin, relating to a gene engineering cell strain. The Chinese hamster ovary gene engineering cell strain can solve the problems that the secretory expression level of the leptin of the existing transgenic engineering strain is low, and beta-mercaptoethanol needs to be added into fermentation supernatant fluid for dialyzing over night, so that the cost is high, the production cycle is long, and the risk is increased, thus the existing transgenic engineering strain is not suitable for industrial large-scale production. An expression vector pcDNA3.1/V5-His-C-Obese' constructed by recombination of an Obese' gene which is artificially designed and an eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1/V5-His-C and a plasmid pDCH1P11 containing a dhfr gene are co-transfected into CHO-dhfr-, so that the Chinese hamster ovary gene engineering cell strain with the high-efficient secretory expression of the leptin can be obtained. The Chinese hamster ovary gene engineering cell strain disclosed by the invention can be used for the field of medicines.


In The People's Zion, Joel Cabrita offers a history of the Zionist movement as it migrated from the inner-city slums of Melbourne (1880s) to the utopian settlement of Zion City, Illinois (1890s), to the Boer and British farms of Transvaal (1900s), to the black townships of Johannesburg, home to migrant laborers employed in the gold mines (1920s–40s), and finally to the kingdom of Swaziland (mid-century and currently). Labor migration, social welfare, and ethnic plurality were characteristic of the early decades of the movement, which gave rise to transnational ideals, summed up by Cabrita under the headings of egalitarianism, reform, and cosmopolitanism (8–21). As a historian, Cabrita makes a welcome move away from established mission history and classificatory analysis of so-called "African Christianity" toward an entangled and global history focused strongly on the urban phenomena common to all rapidly growing cities in expansionist contexts: "Dowie's [the founder of Zion City, K.W.] egalitarian message that distinctions between classes were irrelevant to the possession of true holiness (an ideology forged in the streets of Melbourne inner-city slums) would be of key importance for Zionism's reception in Southern Africa among working-class whites and blacks" (27). The first two chapters follow the geographical trajectory of John Alexander Dowie, the minister who would later found Zion City as the headquarters of the globally active Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in Zion. Born in Edinburgh, the son of a Congregationalist minister, Dowie remained embedded in nonconformist circles with strong claims to temperance and divine healing after moving first to Australia and then to the U.S. Alongside the Salvation Army and the YMCA, Dowie held holiness meetings in drinking halls and cinemas. The first Zion Tabernacle was erected on the edge of the Chicago World Fair, protesting prostitution, liberalism, and alcoholism. While in Chicago, establishing a multi-racial community was added to Dowie's reformist agenda. In an era of strong controversy over the best way to rejuvenate the Anglo-Saxon


Understanding SELinux's security models is the first step in harnessing its power. In my last column, we began exploring the concepts, terms and theory behind Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux). This month, we conclude our overview, ending with a description of the SELinux implementation in Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Fedora and CentOS. As much as I'd like to dive right in with the new material, SELinux is one of the most complex topics I've tackled in this column, so some review is in order. Rather than simply summarizing last month's column, however, here's a list of SELinux terms: Discretionary Access Controls (DACs): the underlying security model in Linux, in which every file and directory has three sets of access controls, known as permissions: one set each for user-owner, group-owner and other. These permissions can be changed arbitrarily, at the discretion of the file's or directory's owner Mandatory Access Controls (MACs): a much stronger security model, of which SELinux is an implementation, in which access controls are preconfigured in a system security policy that generally does not allow system users or processes to set or change access controls (permissions) on the objects they own. Subject: a process that initiates some action against some system resource. Action: a system function (writing a file, executing a process, reading data from a socket and so on). Object: any system resource (process, file, socket and so on) against which subjects may attempt actions. User: in SELinux, an SELinux-specific user account is separate from underlying Linux user accounts and owns or initiates a subject process. Role: analogous to Linux groups in that it represents a set of access controls that apply to a specific list of possible users. In SELinux, a user may be associated with multiple roles, but may assume (act within) only one role at a time. Domain: a combination of subjects and objects permitted to interact with each other. Type: synonymous with domain in SELinux. Security context: the user, role and domain/type associated with a given subject or object. Paranoid Penguin http://0-delivery.acm.org.innopac.lib.ryerson.ca/10.1145/1240000/12... 2 of 6 8/27/2007 8:03 PM Transition: when a process attempts to change from one role to another by spawning a new process that "runs as"the new role, or when a process attempts to create a new file or directory that belongs to a different role than its parent directory. Type Enforcement: the security model in SELinux in which processes are confined to domains via security contexts. As I mentioned last time, Type Enforcement is the most important of the three security models implemented in SELinux. In fact, in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) targeted policy, which I cover at length later in this article, Type Enforcement is the onlySELinux security model used. Role-Based Access Controls As important as Type Enforcement is, it's a very process-oriented model. It's most useful for "sandboxing"or isolating dæmons. But, what about actual human users, who may perform a variety of tasks on the system and, therefore, may need to traverse multiple domains? SELinux's Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model concerns the ways in which users may transition between the roles they're authorized to assume and, by extension, between the domains in which those roles have rights. In practical terms, such a transition occurs when a process running from within one domain spawns a process into a different domain. For example, suppose user Mick is authorized to operate in the role Parent, which in turn is associated with the domains Supper and Bedtime. In order for Mick to transition from Supper to Bedtime (for example, to start a shell session in the Bedtime domain, with access to files and processes authorized for that domain but not for the Supper domain), an RBAC rule must explicitly allow the role Parent to transition from Supper to Bedtime. This is in addition to, not instead of, the need for Parent to be defined in security contexts for those two domains. Multi-Level Security The third security model in SELinux is Multi-Level Security (MLS). MLS is in turn based on the Bell-LaPadula model for data labeling. The guiding principle of both the Bell-LaPadula model and MLS is "no read up, no write down". That is to say, a process (user) authorized to read data of one classification may not read data of a higher (more sensitive) classification, nor may that process (user) write data of a given classification anyplace in which it might be accessed by processes (users) authorized only to view data of lower (less sensitive) classifications. For this model to work, each subject on the system must be associated with a security clearance—that is to say, the maximum sensitivity of data to which that subject may have access. Every file (object) also must be labeled with a classification that specifies the minimum clearance a subject must have in order to access it. The MLS Range field, supported in SELinux since Linux kernel 2.6.12, provides this information in the security contexts of both subjects and objects. The traditional four data security classifications are, in decreasing order of sensitivity, Top Secret, Secret, Confidential and Unclassified. However, in MLS, many more such hierarchical classifications can be defined in your security policy. Also, each hierarchical classification can be associated with non-hierarchical compartments, which you can use to enforce a need-to-know policy in which subjects authorized at a given classification level may be granted access only to objects associated with specific Paranoid Penguin http://0-delivery.acm.org.innopac.lib.ryerson.ca/10.1145/1240000/12... 3 of 6 8/27/2007 8:03 PM compartments within that classification. For example, suppose the process hamburgerd has overall subject clearance of Secret, and specific clearance (within the Secret classification) to the compartments ingredients and handshakes; such a clearance might be notated as { Secret / ingredients, handshakes }. If the file high_sign has an object clearance of { Secret / handshakes }, hamburgerd will be permitted to read it. Note that by "non-hierarchical", I mean that compartments within the same classification are peers to each other. If I define two compartments, apples and oranges under the classification Classified, neither compartment is considered more sensitive than the other. However, any compartment associated with the Secret or Top Secret classification will be considered more sensitive than either { Confidential / apples } or { Confidential / oranges }. Multi-Category Security I've referred to SELinux's three security models (TE, RBAC and MLS). In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, there's actually a fourth: Multi-Category Security (MCS). As you might imagine, the combination of hierarchical classifications and non-hierarchical compartments makes MLS well suited to large bureaucracies, such as military organizations and intelligence agencies, but too complex for more general purposes. Red Hat has therefore implemented an alternative file-classification model in RHEL 5's implementation of SELinux: Multi-Category Security (MCS). MCS uses SELinux's MLS Range field, essentially by ignoring the Classification field (assigning a classification of 0 to all subjects and objects) and instead acknowledging only the Compartment field. In this way, the power of data labeling is simplified to something more like the Linux DAC group functionality. In other words, MCS is similar to MLS, but lacks the added complexity of hierarchical classifications. SELinux Simplified: Red Hat's Targeted Policy Now that you understand SELinux's underlying security models and are familiar with at least a portion of SELinux's formidable body of jargon, we can turn our attention to SELinux's debut in the mainstream: Red Hat's targeted policy. For many if not most system administrators, having to understand SELinux's various security models and complex terms, and managing its myriad configuration files, which may cumulatively contain hundreds or even thousands of lines of text, makes tackling SELinux a highly unattractive undertaking. To address this problem, Red Hat devised a simplified SELinux policy, called targeted, that emphasizes Type Enforcement, greatly simplifies RBAC and omits MLS altogether. In fact, RHEL's targeted policy doesn't even implement Type Enforcement globally; it only defines domains for 12 specific subject dæmons, placing all other subjects and objects into a default domain, unconfined_t, that has no SELinux restrictions (outside of those 12 applications' respective domains). The dæmons with SELinux domains in RHEL 4 and 5's targeted policy are:


An original proposal for the formulation of innovation projects is presented based on a process approach. The method consists on identifying the key components from the innovative idea and the corresponding processes. On each process it is determined the inputs, the change operators or main activities and the outputs or products. The strategy of the project is formulated from the relationships existing among the strategic processes. The proposal is backed up by a set of tables that contribute to develop the main components of the project. It is shown that the proposed methodology is consistent and easy to apply.


Both sexes of the milkweed beetle, Tetraopes tetraophthalmus (Forster), mate many times over the course of a 6-week adult life span. In laboratory experiments, the lifetime fertility of females allowed to mate several times in a 24-h period but never again was the same as that of females allowed continual access to males. Females mating only once showed reduced lifetime fertility. In the laboratory the most recent male to mate with a female fertilizes about 72% of the eggs deposited in the next egg clutch. Mixing of the sperm of multiple fathers in the fertilization of a given clutch of eggs was also demonstrated in the field.


This paper analyzes the impact of service quality on patients' satisfaction with the Portuguese National Health Service, through a novel indicator the Index of Satisfaction with the NHS that measures the share of children delivered in the NHS hospitals to total number of children delivered, in 2000–2016. We assume that families choose private health institutions if they are not satisfied with the National Health Service. Previous literature relies on questionnaires and surveys about patients' satisfaction, introducing some subjectivity on the analysis since the concept of satisfaction is, itself, debatable, and does not compare the evolution of satisfaction over time. Our study is innovative in this regard. The results indicate that the weaknesses of the Portuguese NHS led public to choose private health institutions. In a context of economic difficulties and the loss of purchasing power, such results have clear implications on the evaluation of the quality of service provided by the NHS in Portugal.


Abuse potential studies of 33 morphine‐like analgesics were compared in humans and monkeys. The results of intravenous self‐administration studies in rhesus monkeys were correlated with measures of morphine‐like signs, symptoms, and subjective effects in ex‐addicts. Each set of data was assigned to a position in a 3 × 3 contingency table dependent upon whether the results were yes, no, or equivocal. Of the 33 drugs, 29 were given identical classifications in both the human and animal test procedures. This good concordance between the human and animal results further validates each procedure and suggests the possibility that both the human and animal procedures are measuring a common underlying pharmacological property which relates to abuse potential of drugs.


Colonialism on the Margins of Africa, edited by Jan Zahorik and Linda Piknerova, London and New York, Routledge, 2018, vi + 108 pp., ISBN 9781138037946 Asia Post-war Dilemmas of Sri Lanka: Democracy and Reconciliation, by S.I. Keethaponcalan, London and New York, Routledge, 2019, 170 pp., ISBN 9780367180331 Australasia Otago: 150 years of New Zealand's First University, by Alison Clarke, Otago, Otago University Press, 2018, 475 pp., ISBN 9781988531533


This Library Guide will assist students taking ISyE 4803G and ISyE 6229 by identifying library resources useful in their assigned class project.


Here's our advice for building a business case for IoMT initiatives, based on our experiences at the top medical device manufacturers in the world.


Miniature electromechanical resonators can be fabricated with manufacturing techniques similar to those used for integrated electronics. These "solid state" resonators have been successfully tested with frequencies from 10 Khz to more than 500 Mhz and with Q's greater than 500,000. The design and fabrication of miniature resonators made from single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and from multilayer silicon membranes are reviewed. The operating characteristics of these resonators are surveyed and potential applications in several areas are presented.


Multilayered Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films were prepared from the monolayers of an ionic liquid crystalline azo-polymer (IP-4) and a nonionic liquid crystalline azo-polymer (NP-4). The multilayer structures in the LB films were completely disturbed by UV light irradiation. However, the periodic layer orderings in the LB films were rebuilt upon a subsequent visible light irradiation. Although NP-4 exhibits a nematic phase in the bulk state at room temperature, the consequent double layered structure with a homeotropic alignment in the LB film of NP-4 was very similar to the smectic layered structures of IP-4.


I May 1988, the Bridge Division of the Mississippi State Highway Department (MSHD) asked a consulting firm to develop a scheme by which overweight trucks could be detected and warned prior to striking and damaging the overhead members of through truss bridges. MSHD wanted an active, 24hour bridge protection system that could operate in rural areas. The basic idea was for some type of overheight detection and warning system located in advance of the bridge. Initially, there were two truss bridges of major concern to MSHD: the Yazoo River bridge on U.S. 61 north of Vicksburg in Warren County and the Pearl River bridge on State Route 28 in Copiah County. Heavy logging truck traffic , had caused major damage to both bridges. Later, a bridge on U.S. Highway 45 over the Buttahatchie River in Lowndes County was hit and severely damaged by a log truck. All three are two-lane through truss bridges and are located in rural areas.


Significance: The contribution of logistics management to gaining a competitive advantage is embedded in the concept of relative performance, which can be measured by asking the company to compare its performance with that of its competitors. Objectives: The general objective of the study was to ascertain the relationship between logistics automation drivers and operational performance of tea processing firms in Kisii County. This research specifically focused on the following objectives: to establish the most common logistics automation drivers among tea processing firms; to determine the logistics automation applications commonly used by tea processing firms; to establish the challenges in the implementation of logistics automation applications among tea processing firms; and to establish the influence of logistics automation drivers on operational performance of tea processing firms. Design: The researcher adopted both qualitative and quantitative research designs by surveying the relationship between logistics automation drivers and operational performance of tea processing firms in Kisii County; hence, it is descriptive and explores the relationship between logistics automation drivers and operational performance towards success. Finding: Firstly it can be concluded that the greatest drivers in logistics automation are the need to improve product quality, employees' safety, labour productivity and reducing the lead time. Secondly from the research findings, it was concluded that the tea processing firms are well equipped with the logistics automation applications which are aimed at improving operational performance. Thirdly from the research findings it could be concluded that logistics automation is not a major challenge hence the need to check on its impact on operational performance. Lastly it could be concluded that there is a very strong and significant relationship between logistics automation drivers and operational performance among tea processing firms.


Maternally inherited mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes based Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) variations were examined for their contribution to diversity of rice genome. Population structure and diversity analysis based on mitochondria and chloroplast inherited genome has been studied less as compared to nuclear genome inheritance. The present study was designed to evaluate the population structure and diversity of rice grown in Pakistan along with other countries based on maternally inherited mitochondria and chloroplast genome. The mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes were analyzed by using 42 mitochondrial and 20 chloroplast pairs of SSR primers. A slightly higher percentage of polymorphism was observed in chloroplast (30%) than mitochondria (28.57%). The average gene diversity for both mitochondrial and chloroplast was 0.32 oscillating from 0.041 to 0.620. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value ranged from 0.040 to 0.543 with an average of 0.282, while the allelic richness ranged from two to four alleles with an average of 2.779 alleles. Mononucleotide repeats stood first (50% polymorphic) for detecting polymorphism for organelle genomes followed by tri(25%), tetra(14.29%) and dinucleotide (12.5%), respectively. Cluster and population structure analysis revealed two groups of accessions. On the basis of our results the AA genome of Asian cultivated rice diverges from the same origin during evolution. Key words; Mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes; SSR variation; Oryza sativa; Population structure; Genetic diversity.


The Tolman-Bondi (TB) model is defined up to some transformation of a co-moving coordinate but the transformation is not fixed. The use of an arbitrary co-moving system of coordinates leads to the solution dependent on three functions $f, F, {\bf F}$ which are chosen independently in applications.
The article studies the transformation rule which is given by the definition of an invariant mass. It is shown that the addition of the TB model by the definition of the transformation rule leads to the separation of the couples of functions ($f, F$) into nonintersecting classes. It is shown that every class is characterized only by the dependence of $F$ on $f$ and connected with unique system of co-moving coordinates. It is shown that the Ruban-Chernin system of coordinates corresponds to identical transformation. The dependence of Bonnor's solution on the Ruban-Chernin coordinate $M$ by means of initial density and energy distribution is studied. It is shown that the simplest flat solution is reduced to an explicit dependence on the coordinate $M$. Several examples of initial conditions and transformation rules are studied.


The present invention relates to a process for preparing a carbon product which is organic group attached to the carbon material. Carbon material is selected from graphite powder, graphite fibers, carbon fibers, carbon cloth, vitreous carbon product, and the activated carbon product. In the method, sufficient, and reacted under the current applied from the outside member to the dia-reduction salt bath for the carbon material and at least one diazonium salt. In another method, the reaction of the crude carbon material and at least one positive salt Dia from magnetic reaction medium.


BACKGROUND: The incidence of colon cancer ranks the third most common cancer case in Indonesia, with 12.8 cases per 100.000 community. Problems that arise from cancer treatment with chemotherapy are severe side effects. Thus, we develop cancer therapy using a natural material, namely, binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia). AIM: This study aims to investigate the co-chemotherapy activity of the n-hexane fraction of binahong (NFB) on the WiDr human colon cancer cells line. METHODS: The sample was prepared by maceration using ethanol 70% and fractionation using n-hexane. Phytochemical screening was conducted with the thin-layer chromatography method. The antioxidant test was carried out using 1,1 diphenyl-2-dipicrilhydrazil assay, while the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was designed for cytotoxic tests on WiDr colon cancer cells to identify the single effect and its combination with 5-fluorouracil as chemotherapy agents. Further, in silico test, molecular docking was used to determine the 4', 6, 7-trihydroxyaurone as an active compound on NFB against inhibitors of κB kinases (IKK) and COX-2 proteins. RESULTS: Phytochemical screening showed that NFB contained a flavonoid compound. NFB had a weak antioxidant activity with the inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 2851 μg/mL, while NFB had a relatively strong cytotoxic activity on WiDr colon cells with the IC50 value of 191 μg/mL, and had the synergist activity in combination with 5-fluorouracil as a chemotherapy agent. The molecular docking showed the best interaction of 4', 6, 7-trihydroxyaurone against IKK, and COX-2 proteins with docking scores of −9.0 kcal/mol and −8.1 kcal/mol, respectively. CONCLUSION: NFB had the potential to inhibit cell growth and had a synergistic effect in combination with 5-fluorouracil on WiDr colon cancer cells line. Edited by: Sinisa Stojanoski Citation: Febriansah R, Lakshita HA. Co-Chemotherapeutic Effect of n-Hexane Fraction of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia [Tenore] Steen.) on WiDr Colon Cancer Cell Line. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021 Mar 04; 9(T4):77-82. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5810


Abstract : The shift from the industrial age to the information age will continue to impact battle command at the brigade level in 2010 and beyond. This study considers how training can be adapted to keep up with change. Changes brought on by the increasing use of computers in military hardware is analogous to the changes brought on by the shift from linear infantry tactics in World War I to the more mobile and flexible mechanized and armor tactics of World War II. A review of recent observations from the Combined Training Centers (CTC) shows similarity between problems observed in battle command then and now, as well recurring deficiencies in battle command at the brigade level. How the private sector is transitioning from industrial age thinking and organizational structures to information age solutions provides insights into how the Army can adapt training of brigade battle command into the next century. The study concludes that human factors and the "brainware" of individuals and teams who execute battle command are more important than hardware and software, but are often forgotten or under-resourced. New emphasis and; new technology are needed to bolster brigades as critical thinking, mentally agile, learning organizations. Time and resources must be focused on the brigade to allow more emphasis on training and mental agility and higher order thinking skills of battle command. Development of an information age automated "knowledge warehouse" and networked multifunctional simulations in the unit area could help units increase their experience base and expand the individual "mental maps " that commander and staffs use to navigate the complex problems of battle command. The focused use of history, simulation, professional discussion and mentorship, as well as the increased personal involvement of the commander in battle staff training are ways to reach the goal of upgraded "brainware" and mental agility.


ABSTRACT In part 3, the final part, some 45 taxa belonging to the Strophomenacea, Chilidiopsiacea, Rhynchonellacea, Porambonitacea, Atrypacea and Athyridacea are described; included are Palaeocarrickella new genus, Kiaeromena (Scotokiaeromena) new subgenus, 6 new species and 2 new subspecies; 7 are described under open nomenclature. In total, over 160 species have been documented in all three parts of the monograph.


In this work, a set of couple-mode equations for describing a backward third harmonic generation (BTHG) in a one-dimensional periodic structure of positive-index material (PIM) layers and third-order nonlinear negative-index material (NIM) layers was analysed using multiple-scale method. Due to the negative-index phase matching and band-edge field enhancement the intensities of backward third-harmonic pulsed generated from the PIM/NIM periodic structure is increased for 100 time of those generated from a single NIM medium.


Background & Objective: Because of the reported high ability of virulence and the lack of appropriate drug of Ebola virus during the last decades, many investigations have been accomplished regarding discovery and the introduction of anti-Ebola drugs. The aim of this research was the bioinformatical study of entry and replication of Ebola viral inhibition by drug repurposing. Materials & Methods: It is a descriptive-analytic study. In order to investigate the mode of interaction of the compounds with GP and VP40 binding sites, the chemical structures of all compounds were designed using ChemDraw program, then were transferred into Hyperchem software for energy minimization. Molecular docking simulation was accomplished using AutoDock 4.2 program. Results: Docking results revealed the hydrophobic, hydrogen bond, π - π and π -cation contacts were involved in the drug-protein interactions. Among all the studied drugs, the best docking results were related to Amodiaquine and Diphenoxylate drugs displayed. Actually, this compounds had the most negative ΔG binding that indicated suitable modes and favorable interactions with the amino acid residues at the binding site of GP and VP40. The weakest docking results were exhibited for Dirithromycin and Erythromycin drugs due to the high hydrophilic character of them. In general, the presence of hydrophobic portions, tertiary amines, and optimal hydrogen bonds increases the strength of anti-Ebola medications. Conclusion: According to the results of the molecular docking, the entire FDA-approved drugs revealed a good inhibition effect on entry and replication Ebola viral.


In her editorial on migraine with aura and increased risk of ischaemic stroke, Loder suggests that a blanket ban on oestrogen-progestin is hard to justify because …


Introduction: Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) are among the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. CT infection in women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can facilitate HIV transmission by increasing HIV shedding in cervicovaginal secretions. The prevalence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is higher in women living with HIV when compared to HIV-negative women, even when comparing those with the same sociodemographic characteristics. Generally, they have a high viral load and a higher persistence of viral infection, which increases the risk of developing premalignant and malignant lesions in the lower genital tract. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of CT and High-Risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection among women living with HIV and the association with sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with a population of 66 non-pregnant women aged between 18 and 70 years living with HIV and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at the Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói (RJ), Brazil, between the period of March 1, 2018 and October 31, 2018. A standardized questionnaire was applied including sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics, and clinical information (use of oral contraceptives, Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell count, and viral load). Endocervical samples were collected for CT (COBAS 4800® system, Roche) and HPV (COBAS® HPV test, Roche) detection. Fisher's Exact Test was used to assess the association between variables. Regression analyses were performed using the logistic model in order to identify the factors associated with the outcomes of interest. Results: A frequency of 1.5% for CT and 21.2% for HR-HPV was found. Age was the single factor that presented statistical significance associated with HR-HPV infection. Conclusion: Our study showed that some women living with HIV promote risky behavior which could facilitate the acquisition of other STIs, such as HPV and CT infection. Some of them, with detected viral load, were not using condoms even with HIV-negative partners. These results may suggest that in addition to treatment and follow-up of women living with HIV, STIs counseling and guidance may play an important role in the control of STIs in this population.


Abstract : The diffusion theory is used to model a computer-communication network in which messages flow from one computer center to another. The idea is to approximate the various queueing processes that occur in the system (of discrete nature themselves) as continuous-state processes. The messages waiting at the queues to be transmitted are considered of small duration so that in the limit the flow of messages is continuous. With these ideas a general model for routing of messages in a computer network is established and expressions for the diffusion parameters (drift and covariance per unit time) are derived in terms of the network traffic. The mean length of the queues can thus be calculated and procedures to minimize the system overall queue size may be applied. Examples for simple networks are shown. One of them corresponds to a load-sharing computer system and it is indicated how the general diffusion methods derived earlier for message routing, can be used. Finally, a comparison is made between the expressions obtained by diffusion techniques and those corresponding to the classical exponential M/M/l queue.


Approaches to the teaching and learning of a chosen topic in geometry can be located somewhere between what is characterised as the "intuitive" and the "formal". There seems to be a number of ways of looking at the relationship between these two positions. Utilising an analysis of data from a study of students tackling problems using dynamic geometry software, this paper illustrates how a deductive and an intuitive approach can prove to be mutually reinforcing when solving geometrical problems.


The aim of this paper is to empirically investigate the relationship between FDI and domestic investment in a sample of 10 Central and Eastern European countries over the period 1995-2015. We find FDI to lead to a creative destruction phenomenon, with a short-term crowding out effect on domestic investment, followed by a long-term crowding in. Greenfield FDI develops stronger long run complementarities with domestic investment, while mergers and acquisitions do not show a significant effect on domestic investment. Financial development seems to mitigate crowding out pressures and even foster a crowding in for mergers and acquisitions.


The present invention discloses a device having a marking coincident over a substrate, and a method using a multilayer coincident alignment mark coincides adjusted. Tag includes a first member overlapped in the first layer, the first member having a first plurality of alignment portion extending substantially parallel to each other only in the X-direction; a second layer over the first layer in the first two members, the second member having a second plurality of portions aligned substantially parallel to each other along a direction different from the X-Y directions extending; a third member in a third layer over the second layer, the third member comprising a plurality of third portions aligned substantially parallel to each other extending in the X direction, and a plurality of fourth portions aligned substantially parallel to each other extending in the Y direction. The present invention also provides a measure of the coincidence flag.


We have studied the ground state properties of even - even nuclei with proton number Z = 106 - 114 and neutron number N = 160 - 170 in the framework of the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory. Calculations show that there are prolate deformations in these nuclei and this supports a deformed shape for nuclei near N = 162 predicted by macroscopic models. The calculated binding energies and -decay energies agree very well with those from mass models.


Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) is a multi-carrier modulation scheme. In contrast to the traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), it can benefit from transmitting multiple symbols per sub-carrier. GFDM targets block based transmission which is enabled by circular pulse shaping of the individual sub- carriers. In this paper we propose a low complexity design for demodulating GFDM signals based on a sparse representation of the pulse-shaping filter in frequency domain. The proposed scheme is compared to receiver concepts from previous work and the performance is assessed in terms of bit error rates for AWGN and Rayleigh multipath fading channels. The results show, that for high-order QAM signaling, the error performance can be significantly improved with interference cancellation at reasonable computational cost.


Globalization and diversity needs to be addressed not only in work place, but also in education. The students should know how to deal with Global audiences. Therefore, the instruction should be designed in a way which could bring students belonging to diverse background together to learn the skills not only required inside the class, but can be implemented in outside world too. The students should be taught the skills which are not only theoretical but also practical in real life scenarios. Since the beginning of the twentieth century the educators have been debating over and over again about what should be the main purpose of education. Some argue that the main purpose of education should not be the primacy of intellectual knowledge, as they believe not all the students will be able to succeed the intellectual program of study (Noddings, 2015).The intellectual knowledge holds an important place in learning and is worthwhile in itself, but when the students are taught the practical things about life their knowledge is valued for its practical use. John Dewey in his theory pointed out that we cannot rightly apply the label intellectual knowledge to a school course simply because it is called algebra or British literature. Courses in mathematics may be intellectually impoverished; courses in mechanics may be intellectually rich. It all depends on how these courses call upon the intellect in the acquisition and application of knowledge. Purpose of Education There is a need to teach the practical things because there is a vital interaction between acquisition and application of knowledge. Adler (1982) stated that "There are no unteachable children. There are only schools and teachers and parents who fail to teach them" (p.8). This claim about the children being teachable does not mean that all children will learn and apply the same amount of knowledge that is taught to them. It is to make all of them intellectually rich and to provide the guidance students need to make wise choices among them. To be faithful to the democratic ideal of the comprehensive school, students should be allowed to choose their track; they should not be assigned to one. Recently a new debate has been arising according to which it is stated that too many students are badly prepared for college and that the quality of our academic courses has fallen badly (Arum & Roksa,2014). We may have succeeded in getting most students into an algebra class, but too often that class bears little resemblance to algebra. Critics who would like to support educationally respectable vocational programs protest that we are now committing educational fraud. As educators we should not say that a student is unable to learn a particular subject rather, we should ask what each child can do and how we might help him or her to find an opportunity to do it. Educators should look backward appreciatively at the ideals advanced for the comprehensive high school, and should look forward in plans for living up to those ideals. If possible, one should plan to locate all of our programs (in any geographic area) in one school or on one campus so that students from every program can participate cooperatively in extra-curricular activities and general meetings. In addition, educators should draw on the best of the traditional programs to enrich all of our courses without insisting that they alone constitute intellectual knowledge and should incorporate the highly useful knowledge that inherits in much of what has long been called practical. In doing so, we acknowledge that material addressed to the great existential questions and material centered on the practical must both be addressed in a richer, broader view of education (Noddings, 2015). Effective Instructional Methods The pressure that most of the schools and educators facing recently is to improve student performance in their schools. This is the reason that states are required to administer annual standardized tests in reading and math for all students in grades 3–8. ISSN 2374-8850 (Print), 2374-8869 (Online) ©Center for Promoting Ideas, USA www.ijllnet.com 133 The No Child Left Behind Act is a supporter of using the traditional, skills-based programs as a means to achieve student progress goals (Ylimaki, 2007). Schools not able to achieve these goals are subject to corrective action, including conversion to a charter school or staff restructuring and the principals can even lose their jobs. Ylimaki (2007) further elaborates that this kind of pressure is really intense for principals, specially of the schools that have past history of poor achievement. With the resources becoming accessible and globalization there have been many changes seen in all the different walks of life. One of them is diversity. The immigrants and workers coming from different countries have also made people think how to cater to the diverse population. The biggest challenge is to accommodate diverse students in the same classroom teaching them the same curriculum. Students differ in language, cultural background, educational skills, learning abilities and interests. Figure 1.(Parsons, Dodman, & Cohen 2013). Therefore, it has become imperative that our instructions in classrooms should be such that best meets students' diverse needs, and teachers must use such measure where they can differentiate their instruction. The researchers are advocating the need for differentiation instruction, as it has shown positive effects on student achievement (Parson, 2012). Differentiation focuses on planning and in the words of Gregory and Chapman (2001) it is "a philosophy that enables teachers to plan strategically in order to reach the needs of the diverse learners in


Radar reflectivity information is often displayed in two dimensions, making it difficult to extract the structural characteristics of convective storms. The maximum radar reflectivity and the vertical profile of liquid water distribution in a vertical column of a convective cell is used to determine a structural and intensity classification of the cell. The application of this Storm‐Structure‐Severity classification is demonstrated by investigating a tornado event on 15 November 1998 in Harrismith, South Africa, by using volume‐scanned reflectivity data from the S‐band MRL‐5 radar. The regions of convective development, decay and mesocyclone evolution are identified with this classification. The method is able to extract the three‐dimensional structural information of convective storms embedded in volume‐scanned reflectivity data and present it in a simple display format. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society


Aim: to study hypotensive and organo-protective efficacy of cornbination therapy with perindopril and indanarnide in patients with rnild and rnoderate arterial hypertension. Material and methods. According to the protocol in the study included 23 patients with I-II grade of arterial hypertension (ESC/ ESH 2013), of both genders. All patients took the cornbination preparation Arnra forte (GMP, Georgia), containing 4 тд of perindopril and 1.25 rrig of indaparnide. At the stage before the treatrnent and 12 weeks of therapy was rneasured an office blood pressure by Korotkov's rnethod and carried out arnbulatory blood pressure rnonitoring (ABPM) ("BR-102 plus Recorder" (SCHILLER, Switzerland)). Antirernodeling efficacy was assessed by the dynarnics of cardiac echo geornetry and ultrasound (US) of vessels pararneters. Also was evaluated the clinical tolerance and rnetabolic effects of the drug. The pararneters of central hernodynarnics and vascular stiffness were rneasured by applanation tonornetry. Results are presented as M±SD. Results of research. 12-week cornbination therapy with perindopril and indaparnide is characterized by high antihypertensive efficacy, with a decrease in rnean blood pressure to 18%, and achievernent the target level of blood pressure in 100% patients with rnild and rnoderate arterial hypertension. According to the ABPM showed a significant decrease of average daily SBP and DBP, as well as a significant decrease in the speed of rnorning SBP surge. Thus it was not iriarked episodes of hypotension at night. Reliable antirernodeling efficacy of perindopril and indaparnide is expressed in reducing LVMI, reducing of EDD and reliably reducing the thickness of IMC against the background of 12-week treatrnent. 12-week cornbination therapy with perindopril and indaparnide showed renal protection efficiency, expressing in a significant decrease in blood creatinine level and alrnost twofold reduction of MAU level. Perindopril and indaparnide in the rnode of cornbination therapy in patients with rnild and rnoderate arterial hypertension showed rnetabolic neutrality in relation to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, clinical safety. A side effect as dry cough was observed in one patient only at the end of 12-weeks treatrnent (4.3%). Conclusion. Therefore, our research showed a high antihypertensive efficacy of cornbination therapy with perindopril and indaparnide with the available cardio-, vaso-, and nefroprotection, rnetabolic neutrality and clinical safety that recommends the preparation for the treatrnent of patients with rnild and moderate arterial hypertension.


This paper proposes a method to classify automatically TV sports news articles using image processing and classification techniques. The classification algorithm of TV sports news articles is based on a multiple subspace method that provides a sports category with more than one subspaces corresponding to the typical scenes. The classification is performed without recognizing any objects in an image. Discrete cosine transformation (DCT) components are used as the classification features of the whole image. The classification is performed at first on the scene cut frames and then they are integrated into the article classification.


The concept of catenary has been recently extended to the sphere and the hyperbolic plane by the second author [L\'opez, arXiv:2208.13694]. In this work, we define catenaries on any Riemannian surface. A catenary on a surface is a critical point of the potential functional, where we calculate the potential with the intrinsic distance to a fixed reference geodesic. Adopting semi-geodesic coordinates around the reference geodesic, we characterize catenaries using their curvature. Finally, after revisiting the space-form catenaries, we consider surfaces of revolution (where a Clairaut relation is established), ruled surfaces, and the Gru\v{s}in plane.


Nutraceuticals, Isoprenoids, Health and Disease, Isoflavones, Soy Protein, Soybean Isoflavones, and Bone Health, Phytoestrogens Involvement in Breast and Prostate Cancer, Anti-Cancer and Cholesterol-Lowering Activities of Citrus Flavonoids, Flavonoids as Antioxidants, Carotenoids, Metabolism and Disease, Lycopene: Source, Properties and Nutraceutical Potential, Cruciferous Vegetables and Cancer Prevention, Garlic, Antioxidant Vitamin and Phytochemical Content of Fresh and Processed Pepper Fruits, Modification of Atherogenesis and Heart Disease by Grape Wine and Tea Polyphenols, Olive Oil and Health Benefits, Anti-Cancer and Cholesterol-Lowering Activities of Tocotrienols, Dietary Fiber and Coronary Heart Disease, Omega-3 Fish Oils and Lipoprotein Metabolism, Free-Radical Oxidation in Biological Systems Enriched with EPA and DHA, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiac Arrhythmias, Omega-3Fish Oils and Insulin Resistance, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sphingolipids. Mechanism-based Inhibitors of Carcinogenesis Produced by Animals, Plants and Other Organisms, Application of Herbs to Functional Foods, Probiotics and Prebiotics, Lechithin, and Choline, Stability Testing of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Marketing Issues for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Conjugated Linoleic Acid, Designing Functional Foods from Animals Products to reduce Human Disease, The Role of Nuts in Disease Prevention, Fiber, Tartaric Acid and Cancer


Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust was identified as the most efficient insect pollinator of oil palm. The mating and oviposition behavior of E. kamerunicus was observed in the laboratory. The results showed that a complete mating of E. kamerunicus involved three stages: before mating,mating and after mating. There were many ejaculations in the whole mating process. The average lasting time for one copulation of E. kamerunicus was 437. 33 s,the time for pair-bonding before ejaculation was 22. 33 s with each ejaculation of 5. 33 s,and the time of post-copulatory guarding was 85. 67 s. After the copulation,females bored a hole,and laid one egg each hole. In addition,larval behaviors was also studied,such as feeding and molting.


The new energy demonstration city policy (NEDC), an essential economic system aiming to implement innovative development strategies and energy structure transformations in China, is crucial for solving the current plight of resource-based cities. This paper studies the effect of the implementation of the NEDC on the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of resource-based cities in China; understanding this relation is of great significance for the further promotion of the NEDC. For this purpose, the SBM-undesirable model is employed to measure GTFP. The propensity score matching and difference-in-difference (PSM-DID) model and the mediation effect model are also utilized to empirically examine the impact of the NEDC on GTFP across a dataset of 106 resource-based cities between 2005 and 2016. The empirical results indicate that the NEDC can significantly improve the GTFP of resource-based cities. After both counterfactual and common trend tests are performed, the research conclusion of this paper is still robust. Moreover, the NEDC promotes the GTFP of resource-based cities through structural effects, technological innovation effects, and fiscal support effects. Furthermore, the effect of the NEDC on GTFP is also affected by the regions, sizes, and types of the different resource-based cities. This research provides evidence for the ability of the NEDC to improve GTFP and optimize the spatial layout of new energy demonstration cities in resource-based cities.


Purpose of the study A prospective observational study to ascertain any correlation between joint laxity and knee hyperextension to anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Methods used Joint laxity as defined by Beighton's method and hyperextension of uninjured knee in 169 patients with symptomatic isolated anterior cruciate ligament rupture was recorded in a prospective fashion. This was correlated to the scores obtained in a selected group of age and sex matched controls Results 72 out of 169 of the patients had hyperlaxity in their joints and 133 out of 169 had knee hyperextension. In the control group 14 out of 65 had hyperlaxity in their joints and 24 out of 65 had knee hyperextension. Statistical analysis showed that ACL injury was common in those with lax joints and with knee hyperextension with a p Conclusion ACL injury is common in patients with joint laxity especially in those with knee hyperextension.


This article presents the issues related to using by-products and waste materials in constructionand mining industry. The current applications of selected materials in various areas are presented, with particularfocus on cases in the construction and mining industries, where waste-based composites sealed with various hydraulic binders are used to build new structural elements or just as fills and backfills. In the next part of the revivew, the methodology and selected results of shrinkage tests on concrete composite samples with the addition of various amounts of additives and price tests to reference samples without dispersed reinforcement are presented and discussed. Research has been carried out on the subject of balance between concrete and the semi-finished product used.


A woman at 34 weeks of gestation presented with sudden abdominal pain, most severe in the right lower quadrant. Imaging revealed peritoneal fluid. After delivery, pain decreased but recurred suddenly the next day, with hypotension. A procedure was performed.


While ethnic tourism promotes socio-economic development to ethnical areas,it also results in series of negative effects on the local ethnical culture.among them,the ethnical culture distortion is the most outstanding problem,show mainly in the field of the following: the ethnical culture assimilation,commercialization,vulgarization,the outlook on values transmutation,the culture' smriti fault,the "protogenesis soil"environment of ethnical cultural met with destroying and the hipping exploitation,and so on.According to the territory of nationality concrete conditions,we should adopt the folk custom museum,ethnical culture village,organism's habits museum and the function subarea pattern of "the front stage,curtain and backstage"to protecting the ethnical culture.


This text is a personal reflection about the meaning of education, the beginning of this process is man and the influence culture has on this development by...


A start-to-finish guide to all types of architectural and interior drawing from site plans and exteriors to interiors and small details. It shows how to master each step of the pen line and pencil process. Beginning with general drafting methods - pencil and pen line on paper, board, mylar-lettering and "odd" lines, it continues through to floor plans, sections, elevations and axonometric drawings. Finished samples of every type of drawing are given. The author has won many awards and has written "Illustrating Architecture".


We characterize those holomorphic mappings φ from the polydisc D n in C n to itself for which the induced composition operators C φ are bounded (or compact) from the Bloch-type space B ω to B μ (respectively, from the little Bloch-type space B ω , 0 to B μ , 0 ), where w is a normal function on [0, 1) and μ is a nonnegative function on [0, 1) with μ(t n ) > 0 for some sequence {t n } ∞ n = 1 ⊂ [0,1) satisfying lim n → ∞ t n = 1.


Bases on pre-stress theory, pre-stress heat exchanger is added inner stress opposition on stress of difference in temperature in the manufacture process. Pre-stress heat exchanger is a new type equipment of exchange heat, which has high reliability and low ratio of accident, and advance on conventional heat exchanger. In this paper, characteristic of pre-stress heat exchanger is analyzed in detail. An approach of manufacture of pre-stress heat exchanger is presented and discussed in detail combine former approach of manufacture. This approach is convenient manipulation, easy control and has high applied value of engineering.


The socialist political civilization constructing ideology bears great theoretical contribution and practical significance.It enriches and develops the expounding and the theory of the Maxist human civilization and the socialist democratic political construction.Thus,it further points out a right direction for the construction of the democratic political and the reform of the political system in our country in the new century.


The two liturgical codexes of the first half of the 16th century, preserved in the cathedral archives in Krakow and presented above, are nearly identical in their contents. They both refer to the same Maundy Thursday episcopal celebration, for which they contain identical formulas. The more essential difference lies only in the amount of rubrics, which when set together, don't reveal any discrepancies in celebrating particular rites. However the books differ almost in everything as far as their external appearance is concerned, that is: their size, cover, edition, "breaking text", writing and decoration. Owing to the great number of peculiar rubricistic information both ceremonials constitute a precious source for reconstructing the Maundy Thursday liturgy of the past, which apart from the Mass of the Last Supper contained the rites of blessing of the oil of the sick, the oil of catechumens and the chrism.


There is a widespread suspicion that Mars thin atmosphere is in some way attributable to the planet's size. Another possibility is that the atmosphere was never degassed or outgassed in the first place. I prefer escape. Hydrodynamic escape (vigorous thermal escape) and impact erosion (expulsion of atmosphere by impacts) are two processes that should have been operative early. Although in principle hydrodynamic escape could have shrunk Mars atmosphere a hundredfold while leaving the composition of the remnant atmosphere nearly unaltered, very high escape fluxes are required. The implicated escape mechanism must have been efficient, nearly non-fractionating, and vastly more potent for Mars than for Earth or Venus. Impact erosion is an appealing candidate. Noble gases are the obvious first test. Noble gases are the most volatile elements and so are the most likely to have been affected by impact erosion and the easiest to address quantitatively. Xenon in particular imposes three constraints on how Mars lost its atmosphere: (1) the very low abundance of nonradiogenic Xe abundance of nonradiogenic Xe compared to Earth, Venus, and likely meteoritic sources; (2) its nonradiogenic isotopes distinct from likely meteoritic sources; and (3) the relatively high absolute abundance of radiogenic daughter of the extinct radionuclide I-129 (half-life 17 Myr). In impact erosion, the first two become constraints on the composition, mass distribution, and orbital elements of the impactors. The third requires that Mars lost its nonradiogenic Xe early, probably before it was 100 Myr old. Impact erosion can explain Mars by any of three stories. (1) Mars in unlikely. In a sort of planetary brinkmanship, impact erosion almost removed the entire atmosphere but was arrested just in time. (2) Martian noble gases are cometary and cometary Xe is as isotopically mass fractionated as Martian and terrestrial Xe. This is most easily accomplished if a relatively thick geochemically controlled CO2 atmosphere protected trace atmophiles against escape. (3) Mars was indeed stripped of its early atmosphere but a small remnant was safely stored in the regolith, later released as a byproduct of water mobilization.


The purpose of this research is to propose a real-time, inexpensive, and portable method for measuring water surface velocities, in which a particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) system is developed by using a smartphone device. The system uses the mobile camera to capture the tracer floating on the river surface, whose movement is expected to represent the velocity of the water surface. The recorded tracer images are identified from the background by using the normalized RGB color model. The magnification ratio, which transforms the distance in pixel to the real distance, is estimated by using the pre-specified mobile height from the water surface, or the characteristic length of the tracer. The proposed system is built based on the iPhone 6s device. The system is tested in two cases. One case is the artificially generated images recording the movement of table tennis, and the relative error does not exceed 3%. The other is the comparison to the velocity measured by acoustic doppler current profilers (ADCP) in the river, and the relative error is not more than 15%. Finally, the limitation of the proposed method is discussed.


Aiming at the disadvantages of the traditional rehabilitation training, which are boring and lack interactivity to stroke patients and upper limb injuries, so in this study, a kind of original rehabilitation assisted training system based on both VR and computer networking is developed with Windows GDI and OpenGL under the IDE of VC++ 6.0. The system can cooperate with positive training mode and resistance training mode to bring patients the funny training procedure and excellent interactivity. The experiment shows that the system is able to help patients to be positive in training procedure and reduce the burden of rehabilitation doctor.


The segmentation modeling method used for describing the combined motion law of cam was put forward,and six kinds of segmentation models and solving principles for initial value,uniform velocity,uniform acceleration,cycloid,farthest truce and nearest truce etc.were presented.The designing system based on segmentation modeling was realized.By means of instance modeling of stator curve of vane pump,the feasibility and practicality of segmentation modeling method were verified.


Research has shown that women in the developing world are likely to bear a disproportionate burden of the adverse impacts of climate change. Not only are women more likely to be more vulnerable, and thus more affected by natural disasters, but they are also more likely to work in and depend on natural resources that are heavily affected by climate change. However, little quantitative work has been done to analyse the ways in which women and men experience climate change differently and the implications this difference has for farm-level adaptation strategies. This paper reports on a Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS) project, which developed a two round intra-household survey tool. The first round gathers plot-level production and labour information, divided by production system, while the second round collects gender disaggregated information on agricultural and livestock decision-making, use and perception of climate-smart technologies, access to credit, access to and use of climate and weather information, adaptation strategies, climate risk perceptions and management, and cognitive processes and human values. Together, the two sets of data show gendered differences in adaptation strategies, perceptions of climate risk, and constraints faced by men and women within the same rural household. The paper summarises lessons learned from field-testing the survey tool and presents the initial analysis of the data collected from the Nyando Basin in Kenya. The paper concludes by discussing the policy insights from collecting gender disaggregated data, such as an improved understanding of gender differentiated preferences for adaptation strategies and how biophysical, regional, and social contexts influence these preferences. It is expected that this new survey tool will be implemented in several CCAFS sites worldwide.


The time-dependent Schrodinger equation for the 1-D H 2 + molecule (with both nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom included) was solved numerically to study dissociative-ionization in the two-color (ω + 2ω) laser field. A wave function splitting technique was used, which allows one to circumvent the problem of lost information on electron flux due to absorbing boundary methods. This technique allows us to calculate the Above-Threshold Ionization (ATI) photo electron kinetic energy spectra in the presence of moving nuclei, as well as complete spectra of dissociating nuclear fragments, beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Strong directional, phase dependent, asymmetries in ATI electron spectra are observed. They are interpreted in the framework of the tunneling model. Classical trajectories of the electron (after tunneling) moving in the laser and ion field are calculated numerically, and it is demonstrated that this simple model explains well the asymmetries seen in our complete, quantum, three body simulations. The ATI spectra are considerably enhanced with respect to the H-atom spectra due to Charge-Resonance-Enhanced Ionization (CREI) in molecules.


This study focuses on the utilization of non-parametric to assess the distribution of repair times of a machine part as well as the prediction of the future values. There are two folds of objectives, namely, the distribution assessment of the repair times. The diagnostic graph, i.e., histogram and normal probability plot, as well as a non-parametric test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) method, is utilized to assess the distribution of data. According to the KS test, it can be used effectively to test the distribution of the repair times of a machine which are selected as a case study. Another objective is the prediction of the future repair time required to fix a designated part. The time series analysis based on autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is deployed in order to forecast the repair times. It turned out that one of the simplest models of ARIMA, ARIMA (0, 1, 0) or random walk, is the most appropriate model for the prediction and this indicates that the pattern of repair times is non-stationary.


Florida State University has had an active tandem Van de Graaff program in nuclear physics since 1960 when the Model EN tandem was installed. The installation of a Super FN tandem in 1970 upgraded the voltage available to 9.5 MV and enabled the program to move effectively into the area of heavy ion experimentation. Development of a practical inverted sputter source at Florida State enhanced the variety of available ion beams and thereby the vitality of the program. The laboratory is steadily becoming a more regional facility as other laboratories are shut down and replaced with national facilities with great demands on their beam time. Because of heavy schedules, the national laboratories are less effective in the training of students than university laboratories which characteristically undertake longer and more involved experiments.


Objective To investigate the clinical effect and quality of life(QOL) of patients with pelvic organ prolapse(POP) after ProliftTMsystem.Methods Data of 98 POP patients who underwent Prolift procedure from January 2007 to June 2010 in Peking University People's Hospital was studied retrospectively.The anatomic outcome was investigated by recurrence rate of prolapse and POP-Q,the QOL was by PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20.The sexual life quality was evaluated with PISQ-31.Results 83 patients completed the entire study with the mean follow up time(34.07±23.43) months.The average operation time and blood loss was(82.34±26.78) minutes and(109.06±70.45) ml.Anatomic success was 87.95% and the erosion rate was 8.43%,4 cases of pelvic hematoma occured(4.82%).De novo stress urinary incontinence(SUI) rate was 14.29%.QOL occurs was significantly improved while sexual life quality had no change after Prolift procedure.Conclusions The Prolift procedure is an effective surgical method for treating POP,and may improve the quality of life.De novo SUI may be very common after Prolift procedure.


The purpose of the study is to explore the differences of two teachers, one with student- centered approach and the other with teacher-centered approach, using the same interactive evaluation tool (EduClick). The researchers compared the differences between two teachers in terms of instructional strategies, higher-order thinking skills, interactions between teacher and students, informal instructional talk and students talk, teacher's roles and students' roles in the classroom, evaluation strategies and students' responses.


A broadly and easily tunable single mode pulsed laser emission has been obtained in the visible range (λ = 730 nm) using an injection like laser system. After amplifying, doubling and tripling in a Kr. cell, V.U.V. radiation near Lyman α was produced. High resolution Stark spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen 12S1/2 → 22P transition was performed.


Comsol has standard facilities to export models to SimuLink. Normally, the standard export works well if the solvers, available in SimuLink, can handle the problem. However, if a model in Comsol needs special solvers, for example airflow or other non-linear problems, the standard export to SimuLink is often not suitable, because the standard solvers of SimuLink cannot handle such a problem efficiently. This can cause long simulation duration times and even leads to no solution at all. The paper presents a possible solution to this problem by implementing Comsol code in the discrete section of a SimuLink S-Function The advantage of this approach is that the special solvers of Comsol can be used in the SimuLink environment. This can lead to significant improvement of the simulation duration time.


The photoelectrical responsibility of single photo-electronic devices makes it difficult to achieve high efficiency of photoelectric conversion in the full solar spectrum range. The key to overcome the physical limits is to develop the system consisting of a set of solar cells in which the photo-electronic conversion of each cell will match to the sub-spectrum of the solar radiation with high conversion efficiency. In this work, we have used the spectrum splitting method to divide the solar spectrum into four sub-ranges of 400-630nm, 630-800nm, 800-900nm and 900-1800nm, respectively. Four high performance single-junction photo diodes are used, and each of them has high quantum-efficiency of photo-electronic conversion matching to the sub-ranges of solar spectrum. Under the 0.5-6.0 SUN radiation condition, the photo-electrical conversion efficiency of the system with four solar cells has been measured with the result to show that the photo-electric conversion efficiency of 35% is achieved under the typical 2.8 SUN radiation condition. The results given in this work will provide a way to show the potencial to realize a high photo-electric conversion efficiency (>40%) of the solar system in application.


Three species of web-invading salticid spiders, with different predatory strategies, were tested with Holocnemus pluchei in the laboratory: Portia fimbriata and Portia labiata, which practise aggressive mimicry, and Euyattus sp., which leaps from outside on to spiders in webs but does not practise aggressive mimicry. Portia was shown to be more efficient than Euryattus at catching H. pluchei. Portia fimbriata from Queensland was more consistent at using aggressive mimicry than was Portia labiata and was also more efficient at catching H. pluchei. The web-invaders that were more efficient at catching H. pluchei were also better able to avoid setting off bouncing, a special defence behaviour used by H. pluchei. An experiment, in which H. pluchei was artificially induced to bounce whenever the predator was near, provided additional evidence that bouncing is effective in defending H. pluchei against web-invaders.


Objective
To observe the expression of catalase (CAT) in the lung of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury rats and study its role in oxidative-stress response.

Methods
After the right kidney of rats was removed, the left renal artery was clipped with non-damage vascular clamp to create renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model.After 24 hours of reperfusion, the blood, kidney and lung were taken.The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were detected with enzyme coupling rate method and picric acid method.The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in lung tissue was determined by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method.The renal morphology change was observed by HE staining.The expressions of CAT mRNA and protein were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.

Results
The HE staining results showed that kidney was impaired in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury group.Compared with the control group, the BUN, SCr in serum and MDA in the lung of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury group were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the expressions of CAT mRNA and protein were enhanced (all P<0.01).

Conclusions
After renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, lung tissue has the peroxide damage.CAT may play an important role in inhibiting the oxidative-stress response in the lung of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury rats.

Key words:
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury; Catalase; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative stress; Hydrogen peroxide


1,4-Bischlorocarbonylpiperazine reacts with amines, amino acid esters, thiols, phenols, and imidazole to give crystalline derivatives. Reaction with piperazine gives polyureas. The reagent appears to be too unstable to aqueous solvents to act as a cross-linking agent for proteins.


In what way does our idea of the future influence everyday behaviours and attitudes? Erikson's (1969) concept of generativity suggests that the concern for the continuity of life in the future is connected to a sense of responsibility for future generations and to social activism towards the community. In this article, we have investigated the relationship between future orientation, social dominance orientation and derogative intergroup attitudes. Results from a study on 217 Italian respondents show that future time perception – measured with the Consideration of Future Consequence (CFC) scale – is positively linked to concerns about the future of the community, and negatively linked to social dominance orientation (SDO) and derogative outgroup attitudes. Mediation analyses also showed that CFC partially mediated the link between SDO and intergroup intolerance, reducing the strength of the relationship. This article discusses how the perception of future time plays an important role in the study of prejudice and intergroup relations, showing potential for applicative research on group conflict reduction.