In the present work, hydroalumination reactions were carried out successfully on nitriles and mono-substituted acetylenes in the synthesis of imidoalane and carbaalane cluster compounds. A possible reaction pathway involved in the synthesis of these compounds was discussed. The hydrides on imidoalane cluster were substituted with halides (Cl and Br), acetylides (PhC≡C and C3H5C≡C), alkyls (Me and Et), and sulfide (PhS) by carrying out reactions with nucleophilic reagents. Hydroalumination reaction on trisaluminum acetylide was described, an alternative method for the synthesis of carbaalane. The reactivity of the Al H bonds of the carbaalane was studied in the presence of phenyl- and ferrocenylacetylene. Ferrocenylnitrile and ferrocenylacetylene underwent hydroalumination reactions to generate heteronuclear imidoalane and carbaalane. The ferrocene containing molecules were also incorporated on both the clusters and their electrochemical behavior was studied in detail. In addition, the reactivity of Al H bonds of the β-diketiminato stabilized aluminum dihydride was explored in the presence of methylhydrazine and tert-butyl hydrogenperoxide.


In the recent literature, there is circumstantial evidence that the viscosity of the intracluster medium (ICM) may not be too far from the Spitzer value. In this Letter, we present two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of ram pressure stripping of disc galaxies in a viscous ICM. The values of viscosity explored range between 0.1 and 1.0 times the Spitzer value. We find that viscosity affects the appearance and the dimensions of the galactic wakes but has very little effect on the evolution of the gas mass of the galaxy.


A rack having an embodiment a battery system includes a plurality of mounting the battery tray positions of the present invention and, as a battery tray to be mounted to any of the attached battery tray position of the battery tray mounting position, the system management unit being electrically connected to the battery tray It includes. Each battery tray mounting locations is associated with location information, the battery tray has a unique ID. System management unit, and receives and stores the position information and the unique ID, and determines the corresponding battery tray to the mounting position of the battery tray in accordance with the unique identifier and the location information.


Site characterization and remediation monitoring using in situ sensors is potentially a more effective and inexpensive alternative to current methods of sample collection and analysis. Gaseous components of a system are the most mobile and easiest to monitor. Soil gas measurements can not only indicate the presence of hydrocarbon contamination, but also provide important quantitative information regarding the progress of bioremediation efforts and the area of influence of air sparging or soil venting. In situ subsurface sensors can provide potentially more accurate data by minimizing disturbance of subsurface conditions and allow continuous and unattended measurements over a long period of time. Tests of in situ soil gas sensors show that the sensors provide rapid and accurate data on soil gas pressures and vapor phase concentrations. The sensors perform well in permeable, unsaturated soil environments and recover completely after being submerged during temporary saturated conditions. The pressure and subsurface oxygen sensors are well suited for monitoring gas flow and oxygen consumption in the vadose zone during air sparging and bioventing. These sensors have been used to develop a new dynamic technique of evaluating in situ respiration rates during air injection or vapor extraction which has several advantages over the traditional staticmore » oxygen uptake method. By using a subsurface oxygen sensor, the dynamic technique offers continuous monitoring capability during the bioventing process. Unlike the traditional respiration test that measures localized respiration rates, this method determines an average respiration rate in the air flow path. Because the measurements can be made at the startup of a remediation process, the operation can run without interruption.« less


Introduction: Human Herpes Virus 3 (HHV- 3) is a human-specific virus known to be the cause behind chicken pox and varicella zoster. Presentation of this virus can vary depending on the immune status of the host. Typically, a uniform rash in a single dermatomal distribution is all that manifests. Alternatively, as in our case, a widespread and painful vesicular rash can erupt causing significant impairment requiring hospitalization. Case Report: An HIV-positive immunocompromised male presented with disseminated varicella zoster (VZV) despite adequate compliance with HAART therapy. The painful vesicles sporadically covered all areas of the body (feet, abdomen, back, face, etc.) and did not present in the classic dermatomal distribution found in immune competent hosts. Despite adequate therapy with a new combination HIV medication, the patient's CD4 count had diminished and he was admitted for suspected disseminated varicella zoster. PCR was later able to confirm the diagnosis. Conclusion: Varicella Zoster can have varying presentations depending on the immune status of the host. In an immunocompromised state, such as in our patient, the presentation can be widespread and more severe. Early diagnosis with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and treatment with anti- virals and analgesics is a top priority for the patient's well-being and clinical outcome. In our case, early detection and treatment allowed only for aminimal duration of the disseminated virus with prompt recovery and discharge from the hospital. Further investigation of the virus' interaction with medications, such as HAART therapy, that potentially alters the expression of the virus despite vaccination, as some studies suggest, could be beneficial.


A simplified flow system is presented for the determination of calcium in urine and spinal fluid, by automated atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Analysis following the addition of calcium to urine or spinal fluid specimens showed a mean recovery of 103% and 99%, respectively. A comparison of results of analyses on unselected urine specimens by manual and automated AAS shows good agreement.


Falls represent a major cause of injury that could lead to death. This observation is even more accentuated in the elderly. Indeed, with aging comes some deterioration (gait disturbances, balance disorders, and sensory motor impairments) that may lead to falls. The research project presented in this thesis is focused on the problem of reducing the risk level of falling. This study proposes a solution for the communication of haptic information to reduce the risk of falling. This solution is part of the design of a haptic communication system in a controlled environment. This new system introduces the notion of haptic perception through the communication of information by touch using the foot, which the literature does not generally mention. For the design of this system, we first studied the use of tactile stimuli to evaluate the possibility of communicating a risk level through a haptic modality. Then, having hypothesized that some factors could influence the communication of stimuli representing the risk levels of falling, we conducted a second study to evaluate the effect of auditory disturbances during the communication of these stimuli. Third, to determine whether the user had the necessary time to act after the perception of the risk level, we analyzed a variation of the simple reaction time when walking on different types of soil. These results encouraged us to do a fourth assessment of reaction time using a new device coupled with a smartphone that can be positioned at different locations on the body. Several experiments have been done to validate each of the steps. With this, we can now communicate a risk level of falling to users through the haptic channel using an active device and easily differentiable stimuli. In addition, we can evaluate auditory factors during such a haptic perception. Finally, we can evaluate the physiological characteristics of the users (response time) while seated and while walking on different types of soil.

Les chutes representent une cause majeure de blessures pouvant entrainer la mort. Cette observation est encore plus accentuee chez les personnes âgees. En effet, avec le vieillissement, certaines deteriorations (troubles de la demarche, troubles de l'equilibre, troubles sensorimoteurs) peuvent entrainer des chutes. Le projet de recherche presente dans cette these fait partie du probleme de la reduction du risque de chute. En particulier, cette etude propose une solution au probleme de la reduction du risque de chute par la perception haptiques. Cette solution integre la conception d'un systeme de communication haptique dans un environnement controle. Ce nouveau systeme introduit la notion de perception haptique a travers la communication de l'information par le toucher avec le pied, que la litterature ne mentionne generalement pas. Pour cela nous avons d'abord etudie l'utilisation de stimuli tactiles pour evaluer la possibilite de communiquer un niveau de risque par la modalite haptique. Puis, ayant emis l'hypothese que certains facteurs pourraient influencer la communication de ces stimuli, nous avons mene une deuxieme etude pour evaluer l'impact des perturbations auditives lors de la perception haptique du niveau de risque. Troisiemement, afin de savoir si l'utilisateur avait le temps necessaire pour agir apres la perception du niveau de risque, nous avons analyse la variation du temps de reaction simple en marchant sur differents types de sols. Les resultats obtenus dans cette derniere etude nous ont motive a faire une quatrieme evaluation du temps de reaction mais en utilisant un nouveau dispositif couple a un smartphone qui peut etre positionne a differents endroits du corps. Plusieurs experiences ont ete realisees pour valider chacune des etapes. Avec toutes ces etudes, nous pouvons maintenant communiquer aux utilisateurs un niveau de risque a travers le canal haptique en utilisant un dispositif actif et des stimuli facilement differentiables. En outre, nous pouvons evaluer les facteurs externes (auditifs) au cours d'une telle perception haptique. Enfin, nous pouvons evaluer les caracteristiques physiologiques des utilisateurs (temps de reponse) en position assise et en marchant sur differents types de sols.


Submitted for the MAR14 Meeting of The American Physical Society Direct Immersion Annealing (DIA) of Block Copolymer Thin Film1 ARVIND MODI, ALAMGIR KARIM, The University of Akron — Solvent Vapor Annealing (SVA) methodologies of block copolymer (BCP) films have demonstrated excellent potential for control of nanostructures and morphologies. However, SVA designs require sophisticated instrumentation, and fine control of system parameters in batch processing mode which is relatively complex and limits its feasibility. We developed a faster and robust solvent immersion strategy for microphase separation and nanostructure control of as-cast BCP thin films with minimal sophistication. Our Direct Immersion Annealing (DIA) method requires immersion in a mixture of non-solvent and good solvent (for BCP) for annealing. A nonsolvent component prevents dissolution of the film resting on substrate while a good solvent percolates through the film, plasticizes it, and shifts glass-transition below room temperature leading to microphase separation and ordering. Our study of PS-PMMA system demonstrates that a robust control over thin film ordering and transient swelling could be achieved through a fine control of solubility parameter of solvent mixture and temperature with no dead-time. Further, we exhibit the utility of DIA for alignment of BCP domains on topographically patterned substrates. 1University of Akron Research Foundation (UARF) Arvind Modi The University of Akron Date submitted: 12 Nov 2013 Electronic form version 1.4


In this paper, we present a hybrid natural language question answering system (SemanticQA) on scientific linked data sets (i.e. populated ontologies) as well as scientific literature in the form of publications.


Objective To evaluate the relationships between preoperative serum C-reactive protein(CRP) levels and pathology parameters as well as long-term survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Clinicopathological data of111 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergone esophageal cancer resection from September 2008 to August2009 were analyzed retrospectively.These patients were divided into 2 groups:normal CRP group(CRP


The authors investigate the mechanism for etching of exfoliated graphene multilayers on SiO2 by low-energy (50 eV) electron irradiation using He plasma systems for electron sources. A mechanism for this etching has been previously proposed in which the incident electrons traverse the graphene and dissociate oxygen from the SiO2 substrate at the graphene/SiO2 interface. The dissociated oxygen reacts with carbon defects formed by the electron irradiation and thereby etches the graphene from below. They study etching using graphene flakes of various thicknesses on SiO2, low and higher resistivity Si, indium tin oxide (ITO), and silicon carbide (SiC). They find that thicker layer graphene on SiO2 does not etch less than thinner layers, contrary to the previously proposed model. They find that etching does not occur on low-resistivity Si and ITO. Etching occurs on higher resistivity Si and SiC, although much less than on SiO2. This is attributed to He ion sputtering and vacancy formation. From these observations, they propose that oxygen etches graphene from above rather than below. In addition, they propose He ions instead of incident electrons cause the defects that oxygen reacts with and etches.The authors investigate the mechanism for etching of exfoliated graphene multilayers on SiO2 by low-energy (50 eV) electron irradiation using He plasma systems for electron sources. A mechanism for this etching has been previously proposed in which the incident electrons traverse the graphene and dissociate oxygen from the SiO2 substrate at the graphene/SiO2 interface. The dissociated oxygen reacts with carbon defects formed by the electron irradiation and thereby etches the graphene from below. They study etching using graphene flakes of various thicknesses on SiO2, low and higher resistivity Si, indium tin oxide (ITO), and silicon carbide (SiC). They find that thicker layer graphene on SiO2 does not etch less than thinner layers, contrary to the previously proposed model. They find that etching does not occur on low-resistivity Si and ITO. Etching occurs on higher resistivity Si and SiC, although much less than on SiO2. This is attributed to He ion sputtering and vacancy formation. From these observatio...


The following abstracts were accepted by the Association of Pathology Chairs, without modification, for poster presentation at the 2017 APC Annual Meeting. This content was not peer reviewed by Academic Pathology.


This article presents a new curriculum for histotechnology, one that will provide the requisite training to meet the burgeoning demand for qualified histotechnologists in health care, research, and industry. The curriculum represents a paradigm shift from the traditional "sectioning-and-staining" approach to teaching histotechnology in that it requires students to develop competencies in cytopathology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, laboratory information systems, immunofluorescence, waste management, quality assurance, in situ nucleic hybridization, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills. In addition, the curriculum provides a well-rounded education, with course work in English, mathematics, science, computer science, social studies, and management.

The article also examines the steps for implementing an effective histotechnology curriculum and how such a curriculum can address common technology challenges facing histotechnologists and pathologist—now and in the years ahead. One notable difference between this proposed curriculum model and those currently in use is its scope. It is a comprehensive model that is flexible enough to facilitate both full-time and part-time study, yet it includes sufficient depth of training so students will meet the requirements for certification by the ASCP—the only body that currently certifies histotechnologists. Entry requirements for graduate and professional schools will also be satisfied.


Objectives: While juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) lesions have greater healing potential than equivalent lesions in adults, only 50% of JOCD lesions demonstrate radiographic healing after 6 months of non-operative treatment. Krause et al. (2013) and Wall et al. (2008) have described models to predict a patient's probability of healing with non-operative treatment based on patient and lesion characteristics. The Wall et al. nomogram incorporates normalized lesion length, normalized lesion width, and pain type, while the Krause et al. model includes normalized lesion width, patient age, and the size of concurrent cyst-like lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine inter- and intra-observer reliability of the predictive nomograms. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a consecutive series of children with open physes, who underwent non-operative treatment for stable JOCD lesions. Thirty-four patients (40 knees) were included in the study. At two time points at least one week apart, two medical students, two orthopaedic surgeons, and a radiologist made measurements of the JOCD lesions as described by Wall and Krause. These measurements, along with patient ages and pain type, were used to generate a point value for each lesion based on both the Krause and Wall models. Intra-class correlations (ICC) were calculated using the point value data obtained from the nomograms to determine inter- and intra-rater reliability. Results: Based on the Landis & Koch (1977) threshold, we found near perfect intra-rater correlation for all raters in terms of individual OCD measurements, as well as total point score as calculated by both Krause and Wall methods (Table 1). Additionally, amongst the five raters there was near perfect inter-rater reliabilities in total scores, as well as substantial to near perfect reliability in measuring the individual components of the scores (Table 2). Conclusion: There is high inter- and intra-rater reliability for both the Krause and Wall point systems for predicting healing of JOCD lesions. These models appear to be important tools for helping doctors and patients reliably predict the healing potential of non-operative management of JOCD lesions.


Although divination is admittedly the oldest religious tradition constructed in human societies, there are few sociological researches on divination. This article explains different features of three divination communities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) in contemporary Korea and then analyses their theoretical significance and implication in terms of religious market theory. Different patterns of competition that each divination community faces in a religiously pluralistic market are influenced by a religio-economic rationality and a socio-structural limitation specific to each niche market. However, a new relationship between local diviners and the municipal government is made with the construction of a "divination valley": a divination community to encourage religious competition and innovation as well as to attract more city tourists as a local cultural property. Based on the evolution of divination communities, the paper applies the notion of "elective affinity" to the relationship between religious diversity and a polytheistic rationality in the context of contemporary Korean religious market.


Computer network protocol and its algorithm are abstract and complex for the beginners.At present,because of cost and complexity,it's impractical to build practical physics network to demonstrating teaching.But by using simulator NS-2,which is applied in the field of net research,into the computer network teaching,by taking the slide window of TCP protocol and slow start-up algorithm as an example,give general procedure of NS-2 doing net simulate,by motion picture demonstration of communication protocol and analysis of document Trace make students understand more easily and comprehensively the realizing mechanism and the complex behavior of net protocol and the algorithm,and at last,put forward two resolutions of application of NS-2 in network class teaching.


participants indicated that the differences between current and redesigned environments were very clear (score 4.8 out of 5) and that they could imagine very well what the designs would look like in real-life (score 4.6/5). The VR-experience was scored an 8/10 and 28 participants were willing to participate in future activities. Recruiting residents through existing networks, including the neighbourhood council, was most effective. VR technology is a very useful tool to communicate urban interventions and the residents were very capable of evaluating them while providing valuable input for the redesigns. Key messages: Co-creating urban redesigns with residents to improve health is feasible, and virtual reality is of great added value as a co-creation supporting and communication tool. Urban interventions impact daily living patterns and lifestyles of residents and thereby public health.


Techniques for Mining Association Rules in Databases are an important research trend of Data Mining. We proposed a new algorithm for mining association rules based on reduction (MARBR), and conducted a performance evaluation of the algorithm to prove its efficiency.


The subject of death and the pain of mothers in Indonesia is a major problem for the nation as a whole. The lack of application of the standard of care of vaginal birth is influenced by the complexity of the care standards and implementation that takes a lot of time. Knowing the INFLUENCE between the knowledge, perceptions of leadership, and motivation with the implementation of the application of the standard of care of vaginal birth by midwife in Banjarmasin. Types of quantitative research, descriptive method using non-experimental observational. The shape of the cross sectional research design. The number of samples is 37, a statistical test of Chi-Square. The presence of INFLUENCE between the knowledge, perceptions of leadership, and motivation with the implementation of the application of the standard of care of vaginal birth by midwife at Banjarmasin with value p < 0.05. Knowledge, motivation and leadership dilingkup midwives work each is very influential with the application of the standard of care of vaginal birth. These factors have become a necessity to be attentive every midwife working dilingkup and the leader of each for the sake of improving the quality of care delivery, health, maternal and child safety.


The aim of this paper is to introduce a class of Hamiltonian autonomous systems in dimension 4 which are completely integrable and their dynamics is described in all details. They have an equilibrium point which is stable in some rare elements of the class and unstable in most cases. Anyhow, the eigenvalues of the linearization at the equilibrium point are imaginary and no motion is asymptotic in the past, namely no solution has the equilibrium as limit point as time goes to minus infinity. In the unstable cases, there is a sequence of initial data which converges to the origin whose corresponding solutions are unbounded and the motion is slow. So instability is quite weak and perhaps no such explicit examples of instability are known in the literature. The stable cases are also interesting since the level sets of the 2 first integrals independent and in involution keep being non-compact and stability is related to the isochronous periodicity of all orbits and the existence of a further first integral.


4. The European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Epidemiology and Prevention and the Yugoslav Society of Cardiology jointly sponsored this workshop which was held in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, on 23-25 April 1987. A group of 23 experts (see Appendix) from various disciplines (epidemiologists, clinicians, psychologists, neuropsychiatrists, sociologists), together with a similar number of invited observers, met to assess the state of the art in the field of psychosocial factors and their role in coronary heart disease (CHD), to discuss conceptual and methodological problems in assessing these factors, to explore the prospects of using present results in the prevention of CHD, and to develop suggestions for future research. Four main issues were addressed in the framework of panel discussions:


Objective: To characterize patients and surgical and morbimortality outcomes of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms, in the Clinica General del Norte, during the period 2015-2016.
Materials and methods: Descriptive retrospective study, sample for convenience in 40 patients in whom endovascular repair of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta was performed. The information was tabulated in Epi-Info 7.0 program, descriptive statistical parameters were evaluated.
Results: The sex distribution showed a higher proportion of patients in the male sex with 67.5%, mean age of 70.8 ± 9.2 years; the mean size of the aneurysms was 6.2 ± 0.8 cm, the mean surgical time was 130.0 ± 28.7 minutes.
Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of AAA is an effective and safe procedure at the local level; the experience is similar to that described in the literature; demonstrating that the results regarding morbimortality and hospital stay are considerably higher than those of open surgery.


Purchasing and supply chain management have a critical role, and significant influence, in a firm's environmental performance. This study explores the extent of involvement that purchasing managers in Germany, the UK, and the USA have in environmental issues, versus the level they believe they should have. The environmental issues addressed in this paper are: hazardous materials, investment recovery, product design, and supply chain relationships. Overall findings suggest that purchasing managers want greater levels of participation in these environmental issues. The study also describes differences according to country. Future research is suggested to explore how purchasing managers can influence the supply chain to improve corporate environmental performance.


With the increasing role of the Pacific Rim the global economy grows the importance of the Russian Far East as a zone of contacts with this dynamically developing region. The article is devoted to the impact of migration on the socio-economic development of the Russian Far East. The author concludes that the development of the regional economy requires not only the population growth, resulting from an inflow of migrants, but also a territorial redistribution of the available human resources within the Far Eastern Federal district.


A 75 year old Chinese male with neurofibromatosis presented with gastrointestinal bleeding was found to have a primary duodenal carcinoma on barium meal examination, endoscopy and biopsy. At laparotomy multiple leiomyomas were discovered on the serosa surface of jejunum and ileum. The occurrence of a primary duodenal carcinoma with small bowel leiomyomas in a patient with neurofibromatosis has not been reported before. It suggests that a defective immune surveillance may be present in this patient thereby predisposes to multiple tumour occurrence.


Pseudobulbar affect (PBA), a severe outburst of emotional expression incongruous to a patient's emotional state, can occur in patients with amyotrophic


Gold nanoparticles were modified by oligonucleotides and the interaction with heavy metals was studied. The aptamer-metal interaction processes were studied, and the detection capabilities of heavy metals (mercury, lead) in the presence of other ions were described. Two methods of analysis (homogeneous and heterogeneous) using oligonucleotide sequences were tested and compared.


Crataegus crus-galli L. sensu lato in southern Ontario is a complex of taxa, two of which appear to consist exclusively of both triploid and tetraploid individuals. While pollen fertility is reduced in triploids, both ploidy levels are characterized by production of eight nucleate aposporous embryo-sacs and hence remain seed-fertile; in addition, single, apparently sexual, embryo-sacs are found in the ovules of tetraploids. Agamospermy is shown experimentally to be pseudogamous. Polyploidy in C. crus-galli s.l. is accompanied by self-compatibility, in contrast to the self-incompatibility of diploid Crataegus species such as C. punctata, with which comparison is made. The weediness of the component taxa of C. crus-galli s.l., in general, and their tendency toward uniparental reproduction, in particular, may explain the homogeneity of their topodemes, and the way in which these topodemes may be markedly differentiated from one another even within a single taxon.


Stunting or cases of failure to thrive in toddlers is one of the most serious health problems faced by the people of Indonesia. Based on data from the Ministry of Health and the Central Statistics Agency, East Java Province has a stunting prevalence value of 26.8% which is categorized as a high prevalence value according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). Random forest is one of the machine learning algorithms in the field of artificial intelligence that can learn patterns from labeled data so that it can be used as a method for predicting or forecasting data. This approach is considered very suitable to be used in predicting the value of stunting prevalence because stunting prevalence data is usually accompanied by other data in the health sector according to survey results. Previous studies on the prediction of stunting prevalence used secondary data sourced from one survey only. Therefore, this study is one of the efforts to contribute in providing solutions for the stunting problem in East Java Province by combining several data from different surveys in the same year. The results of this study show that from 20 factor candidates for predicting stunting prevalence value, only 12 factors are suspected to be causative factors based on their correlation value. However, the prediction results obtained using the random forest algorithm in this study, with data consisting of 12 features and a dataset consisting of only 38 data, have results with error values of 1.02 in MAE and 1.64 in MSE that are not better than multi-linear regression which can produce smaller error values of 0.93 in MAE and 1.34 in MSE.


What is a meta-analysis? Meta-analysis is a statistical technique, or set of statistical techniques, for summarising the results of several studies into a single estimate. Many systematic reviews include a meta-analysis, but not all. Meta-analysis takes data from several different studies and produces a single estimate of the effect, usually of a treatment or risk factor. We improve the precision of an estimate by making use of all available data. The Greek root 'meta' means 'with', 'along', 'after', or 'later', so here we have an analysis after the original analysis has been done. Boring pedants think that 'metanalysis' would have been a better word, and more euphonious, but we boring pedants can't have everything. For us to do a meta-analysis, we must have more than one study which has estimated the effect of an intervention or of a risk factor. The participants, interventions or risk factors, and settings in which the studies were carried out need to be sufficiently similar for us to say that there is something in common for us to investigate. We would not do a meta-analysis of two studies, one of which was in adults and the other in children, for example. We must make a judgement that the studies do not differ in ways which are likely to affect the outcome substantially. We need outcome variables in the different studies which we can somehow get in to a common format, so that they can be combined. Finally, the necessary data must be available. If we have only published papers, we need to get estimates of both the effect and its standard error, for example. We discuss this further below. A meta-analysis consists of three main parts: • a pooled estimate and confidence interval for the treatment effect after combining all the studies, • a test for whether the treatment or risk factor effect is statistically significant or not (i.e. does the effect differ from no effect more than would be expected by chance?), • a test for heterogeneity of the effect on outcome between the included studies (i.e. does the effect vary across the studies more than would be expected by chance?).


A 6‐month‐old girl presented to the emergency department, with complaints of irritability and decreased oral intake. The infant was born of a non‐consanguineous marriage, at term, without any collodion membrane at birth. Her medical history included a generalized non‐itchy, ill‐defined, erythematous rash since the 1st week of life treated many times with topical steroids without any improvement, milk intolerance (vomiting without diarrhea), growth retardation and recurrent bacterial infections. On physical examination, the infant displayed signs of severe dehydration. Skin examination revealed a generalized eczematous rash exaggerated over periorificial and flexural areas without mucosal involvement [Figures 1] as well as linear and serpiginous lesions with double‐edged scaling on the lower limbs and trunk [Figure 2]. She also had non‐scarring alopecia of the scalp and eyebrows [Figure 3]. Skin cultures from different sites revealed growth of methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strains. Laboratory testing revealed high neutrophil counts and elevated inflammatory markers. Eosinophil counts, immunoglobulin levels and blood flow cytometry examination were within normal limits. Serum zinc and sodium were within normal range, 0.95 mcg/ml and 143 mEq/L, respectively. Biotin supplementation did not improve her skin condition. The trichogram of scalp hair and eyebrows is shown in Figure 4. Her parents declined skin biopsy and genetic tests were not performed due to financial constraints.


Literature shows that mobility barriers can maintain existing performance differentials across strategic groups. We propose that mobility barriers also play a moderating role in the strategy-performance relationship. Our sample contains Chinese listed pharmaceutical companies during 2010 to 2011. One of our findings is mobility barriers do not necessarily bring performance differentials. Another finding is the strategic choice between cost leadership and differentiation has opposite effects on firms on the two sides of a mobility barrier, and sales strategy also has different effects on them. Partitioned by mobility barriers, firms ought to consider their relative positions when making strategic decisions.


We present an analysis of spatial chirp in subcycle pulsed beams corroborated by spatiotemporal electro-optic sampling measurements of terahertz radiation. Modeling the subcycle pulsed beam as a superposition of monochromatic Gaussian beams, free-space propagation is shown to directly lead to lateral spatial chirp with the spectrum on-axis substantially bluer than the overall energy spectrum. The two-transverse $+$ one-temporal dimensional profile of terahertz subcycle pulsed beams from organic crystals DSTMS and OH1 are measured and compared with observed spatiospectral correlations consistent with the model.


This thesis utilizes the split operator method, and a quantum mechanical numerical model, to study a phenomenon where a supposedly unstable molecule becomes more stable – or meta-stable – through matter wave interference. The model of the molecule and the split operator method are both discussed in detail, and then used in numerical calculations to arrive at results in two separate investigations. The first is a successful replication of an earlier paper where the meta-stable behaviour is optimized for and found. The second investigation models an interaction-free measurement of the electronic state of the molecule by incorporating a quantized electromagnetic field. Entanglement between field and molecule is calculated to confirm the assumption that increasing entanglement means a larger risk for dissociating the meta-stable molecule. The assumption is shown to be consistent with the results from the numerical model. Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Department of Physics, Sweden. Thesis supervisors: Ass. prof. Åsa Larson, Department of Physics/Atomic Physics, Stockholm University. Ass. prof. Jonas Larson, Condensed Matter and Quantum Optics, Stockholm University.


The results of McDermott and Gibbs on the water content of branch segments, and their conclusions regarding the effect of cutting methods, are reanalysed using a i-test on paired differences. It is concluded that the results do not give unequivocal evidence for the presence of water columns under tensile stress.


Cryans v. Nixon We have received from a correspondent an instructive comment on the judgment of the Lord-Justice-Clerk in the case of Cryans v. Nixon, reported in the April issue of this JOURNAL (p. 106). The passage upon which the comment is made is that in which Lord Thomson said that the situation might have been different had the appellant (on being interviewed by the Police) failed to say anything at all or had what he said been proved to be untrue. Does this mean that a Scottish court may draw an inference of guilt from the silence of a suspect? Generally, the answer is no. The right of an accused, or suspect, to remain silent is as strongly established in the law of Scotland as in that of England. But an exception may arise where, because of being found in "recent possession" of stolen property, a suspect is put in the position of having to explain his possession-or of having the inference drawn that he is unable to do so and is guilty of theft. The situation created by "recent possession" is one in which, at least to some extent, the onus has passed, so that it may be for the suspect to clear himself. . Lord Thomson's observations were, of course, obiter-i.e. unnecessary for the decision. We do not think that silence on the part of Cryans would, in all the circumstances, have justified his conviction.


ILKNUR KAYNAR KABUL: Patient-specific anatomical illustration via model-guided texture synthesis. (Under the direction of Stephen M. Pizer.) Medical illustrations can make powerful use of textures to attractively, effectively, and efficiently visualize the appearance of the surface or cut surface of anatomic structures. It can do this by implying the anatomic structure's physical composition and clarifying its identity and 3-D shape. Current visualization methods are only capable of conveying detailed information about the orientation, internal structure, and other local properties of the anatomical objects for a typical individual, not for a particular patient. Although one can derive the shape of the individual patient's object from CT or MRI, it is important to apply these illustrative techniques to those particular shapes. In this research patient-specific anatomical illustrations are created by model-guided texture synthesis (MGTS). Given 2D exemplar textures and model-based guidance information as input, MGTS uses exemplar-based texture synthesis techniques to create patient-specific surface and solid textures. It consists of three main components. The first component includes a novel texture metamorphosis approach for creating interpolated exemplar textures given two exemplar textures. This component uses an energy optimization scheme derived from optimal control principles that utilizes intensity and structure information in obtaining the transformation. The second component consists of creating the model-based guidance information, such as directions and layers, for that specific model. This component uses coordinates implied by discrete medial 3D anatomical models ("m-reps"). The last component accomplishes exemplar-based texture synthesis by textures whose characteristics are spatially variant on and inside the 3D models. It considers the exemplar textures from the first component and guidance information from the second component in synthesizing high-quality, high-resolution solid and surface textures.


Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a kind of micro vascular lesion that is detected on fundus examination, accounts for 40 percent of diabetics over 40 years of age. To determine the correlation of mean platelet volume with diabetic retinopathy.
Methodology: Hospital based Case- Control study. 50 patients diagnosed as Type-2 diabetes mellitus with defined diabetic retinopathy. And 50 patients with age and sex matched without the case disease. To all the patients mean platelet volume was done and comparing the significant difference of mean platelet volume between diabetics with retinopathy (cases) and control groups.
Results: The mean platelet volume of the diabetic retinopathy and controls were 11.77 + 1.40 and 7.55 + 0.35. Regarding fasting glucose level for diabetic retinopathy and controls were 196.04 + 13.2 and 103.57+12.16 which is significantly higher than the controls (p value + 1.01 which is significantly higher than the control groups 5.48+0.94. (p value
Conclusion: Mean platelet volume was reported to be raised in diabetic retinopathy patients compared to the healthy population.

Keywords: Diabetic Retinopathy, Mean Platelet Volume, HbA1c, Diabetes Mellitus


We conducted preliminary experiments demonstrated that the modified polymer and carbon nanoparticles mineral powders significantly improves the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt. The fact that such powder softening temperature change and a brittleness temperature of the bitumen


THE ATTEMPT to give a statistical sketch of the Irish in the North of England presents awkward problems. The census of 1851, taken shortly after the Great Famine in Ireland, revealed that 299,640 people, or over 41 per cent of the Irish-born in Britain lived in the seven Northern English counties, amounting to more than five per cent of their inhabitants. Lancashire and Cheshire contained 214,318 of them. No census before 1971 recorded parental birthplaces, so when Irish immigration into the North declined after 1861,the censuses became progressively less useful as indications of the magnitude of the Irish presence. Estimates of family size among Irish immigrants and their British-born children are feasible. Three· difficulties then arise. The first is that in Britain, as in America and elsewhere outside Ireland, Irish was virtually synonymous with Catholic. American Protestants of Irish origin generally adopted the designation of Scotch-Irish from the eighteen-forties to avoid being associated with the Catholic Irish. In Britain this Protestant element merged quite easily with the English and Scots from whom it originally came. Irish Protestants are unlikely to have formed an appreciably higher or lower proportion of the immigrants than they did of the Irish population. The denominational count that was part of every census in Ireland from 1861 to 1961showed a Protestant minority holding steady at a little below a quarter. The second difficulty is that of inter-marriage. There is evidence from the study of Irish-American communities of a remarkably strong and -lasting tendency to marry within them.! It would be interesting to know whether the propensity was equally marked in Britain. The third difficulty is the most intractable: the scale of the large onward migration of the Irish-born and their descendants from this country to the United States and the empire. Theconflation of the terms Irish and Catholic offers a simple way of avoiding these calculations. As happened wherever the Irish settled, the first generation rarely lost all contact with their religion, but the second and subsequent generations often did so and in ceasing to be Catholic


Solution Create both a series of articles that we post online and a promotional video that we upload to YouTube designed to introduce 12-18 year-old girls to role models both from the past and the present.


This paper describes the various aspects of the BEDMOND AAL Joint Programme project, which aims at the development of an ICT-based system for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, with focus on the identified applied reasoning layers. First the requirements of such a behaviour pattern based assistant are discussed, then the used system architecture is introduced and finally the applied reasoning layers for the situation recognition, interpretation and data representation layers are also detailed.


Objective To explore the clinical features of Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS)and the reasons for misdiagnosis.Methods One case of BCS that was misdiagnosed as hepatic cirrhosis for two years was reported,and the published literatures were reviewed.Results Clinical features of BCS related to the position and the degree of obstruction.Digital subtraction angiography(DSA) was the gold standard for diagnosis.The therapeutic methods include conservative treatment,interventional therapy and surgical operation.Conclusion Large variety in clinical features of BCS may lead to high rate of misdiagnosis.In clinical management,medical history should be carefully taken,and vascular ultrasonography and DSA should be performed in a timely manner.


The electrical behavior of the Photovoltaic module with the change of environmental parameters such as temperature and solar irradiance is presented in this paper. An observation of photovoltaic system with maximum power point tracking control using the Perturb-Observe algorithm and the effect of variable solar irradiance over this system has also been taken place. It is very essential to develop a simulation model of the PV panel for simulation studies. Also, it is crucial to operate the PV energy conversion systems near the Maximum Power Point to increase the efficiency of the photovoltaic system. The maximum power operating point varies with solar irradiance level and temperature. For a successful photovoltaic system the tracking control of the maximum power point is a most important issue.


Purpose: To study mechanisms of therapy resistance and disease progression, we analyzed the evolution of cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) based on somatic alterations. Experimental Design: We performed exome sequencing of matched diagnosis, remission, and relapse samples from 50 CN-AML patients treated with intensive chemotherapy. Mutation patterns were correlated with clinical parameters. Results: Evolutionary patterns correlated with clinical outcome. Gain of mutations was associated with late relapse. Alterations of epigenetic regulators were frequently gained at relapse with recurring alterations of KDM6A constituting a mechanism of cytarabine resistance. Low KDM6A expression correlated with adverse clinical outcome, particularly in male patients. At complete remission, persistent mutations representing preleukemic lesions were observed in 48% of patients. The persistence of DNMT3A mutations correlated with shorter time to relapse. Conclusions: Chemotherapy resistance might be acquired through gain of mutations. Insights into the evolution during therapy and disease progression lay the foundation for tailored approaches to treat or prevent relapse of CN-AML. Clin Cancer Res; 24(7); 1716–26. ©2018 AACR.


We develop a numerical method for computing the sound generated by unsteady low speed flows in two space dimensions. Because the acoustics and the fluid flow vary on different time and length scales, direct solutions of the aerodynamic sound generation problem would not be computationally feasible. Our approach is to compute the acoustics separately from the fluid motions. This procedure is based on a decomposition by Majda and Klainermann, who represent aerodynamic sound as a correction to the incompressible component of a fluid flow. Our work focuses on the numerical solution of the system of partial differential equations satisfied by the acoustical correction, and the development of a numerical technique for coupling the acoustics and the incompressible flow. The sounds generated by various configurations of vortices are computed.


Background: Nutrient foraging strategies between thin and thick roots, including mycorrhizal symbionts are resour-ce-costly, and therefore a trade-off could exist. These strategies can vary with the synanthropy index (degree to which a species associates with anthropogenic habitats), thus maximizing the benefits for the acquisition of soil resources. Objectives: To quantify the arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of Melampodium species with different synanthropy index, and to determine the correlations between arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and the architectural and morphological root traits. Methods: Roots of Melampodium divaricatum , M. perfoliatum and M. tepicense , with highest to lowest synanthropy index, respectively were collected. The root branching rate (RBR), total root length (TRL), diameter of first-order root, (FOR), root tissue density (RTD), specific root length (SRL), and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization were quantified. Additionally, soil chemistry analyses were done. Results and conclusion: Melampodium tepicense had lowest FOR, highest SRL and lowest arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, whereas M. divaricatum and M. perfoliatum had the opposite values. Additionally, M. divaricatum and M . perfoliatum had higher TRL, RTD, and RBR, suggesting that both strategies, arbuscular mycorrhiza and fine roots, are used for acquisition of nutrients, independently of their phylogenetic relationship and soil nutrients.


Since the end of the 19 th century and after Havet's explanation, Laevius fr. 5 Bl. (lasciviterque ludunt) has been usually related to the poem Protesilaudamia and interpreted as part of a love scene. The earliest meaning of lascivus and its word family (lascivia, lascivio, lascivibundus, lasciviter) are here carefully investigated and it is suggested that the fragment could refer to the dolphins' behaviour; linguistic and metrical arguments suggest to connect it with the poem Sirenocirca.


The article presents oncoplastic resection with the usage of the lower glandular stems. The article described a radical resection of the breast, to restore the lost volume gland they mobilize the lower glandular stem, including deepithelized glandular-adipose flap with nipple-areola complex. They described the indications and contraindications to this surgery. They give two clinical examples with a description of the options of transactions. Also they perform surgery on conntralateral breast to achieve good cosmetic results and symmetry.


The role of metacognitive awareness on language teaching and learning have been confirmed by several studies, but the discussions of this topic in Chinese as foreign language are limited. The aim of the present research was to map metacognitive awareness profile of Chinese language learners. Total respondent of this research was 80 Chinese language learners (38 males and 42 females) which comprise secondary students. Convenience sampling technique was employed to select the respondents. Meanwhile, the metacognitive awareness data were collected utilizing Junior Metacognitive Inventory. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistic. Mann-Whitney U Test was employed to investigate the significance differences of metacognitive awareness between male and female. The findings showed that 46.25% of Chinese Language Learners have a good metacognitive knowledge, 28.75% fair, 20% very good, 3.75% poor, and 1.25% very lacking. The finding also showed that 40% students have good metacognitive regulation, 36.25% fair, 15% very good, 7.50% poor, and 1.25% very lacking. In addition, between male and female students have no significant difference in knowledge of cognition. On the contrary, regulation of cognition female learners (Mdn= 32.50) significantly (U= 551.000, p0.05) better compared to male (Mdn= 30).


A 64-year-old woman underwent vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) for a biopsy-proven radial scar in the right breast detected during screening mammography. A follow-up mammogram was performed at 1 year following multidisciplinary team discussion. This demonstrated a 1 cm mass adjacent to the biopsy clip at the site of the prior VAE. A repeat biopsy of the mass was performed which revealed benign scar tissue. This is the first reported case of post-VAE scar tissue mimicking breast carcinoma on mammography.


It is known that an electromagnetic wave propagating in a rapidly ionizing medium undergoes a frequency upshift. Here experimental evidence and theory are presented for the simultaneous creation of a downshifted wave. There is excellent agreement between experimental results and computer simulation based on a simple theory.


Configuration and performances of a high repetition rate XeCl exoimer laser are reported. A ceramio-metal grounded grid thyratron used as pulse switch, a transverse flow system, and a structure of fast transverse discharge of UV preionization are adopted in the laser system. The maximun output pulse energy is 200 mJ, maximum average power is 18 W at a repetition rate of 107 Hz.


In most cases,it is more important and significant to recognize certain specific classes rather than to discrim-inate all the classes.It is desired that the differences on the imporrtance and significance can be reflected during the fea-ture extraction.The subjective introduction based method was used and applied to the feature extraction of spectrum,which the subjective significance was introduced into the feature extraction for the classification with priority.The experi-mental results show that the proposed feature extraction method can obtain more effective features compared to conven-tional linear discriminant analysis(LDA) methods.


Using the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations, we investigate the trajectories of a spinning particle starting near r{sub ph}{sup (-)} in a Kerr field and moving with the velocity close to the velocity of light (r{sub ph}{sup (-)} is the Boyer-Lindquist radial coordinate of the counter-rotation circular photon orbits). First, as a partial case of these trajectories, we consider the equatorial circular orbit with r=r{sub ph}{sup (-)}. This orbit is described by the solution that is common for the rigorous Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations and their linear spin approximation. Then different cases of the nonequatorial motions are computed and illustrated by the typical figures. All these orbits exhibit the effects of the significant gravitational repulsion that are caused by the spin-gravity interaction. Possible applications in astrophysics are discussed.


We show using Borcherds products that for any fixed-point free automorphism of the Leech lattice satisfying a "no massless states" condition, the corresponding cyclic orbifold of the Leech lattice vertex operator algebra is isomorphic to the Monster vertex operator algebra. This induces an "orbifold duality" bijection between algebraic conjugacy classes of fixed-point free automorphisms of the Leech lattice satisfying this condition and algebraic conjugacy classes of non-Fricke elements in the Monster. We use the duality to show that non-Fricke Monstrous Lie algebras are Borcherds-Kac-Moody Lie algebras, and prove a refinement of Norton's Generalized Moonshine conjecture: the ambiguous constants relating generalized moonshine Hauptmoduln under conjugation and modular transformations are necessarily roots of unity. We also describe a class of rank 2 Borcherds-Kac-Moody Lie algebras attached to the Conway group.


We offer an overview of the current state of web-based bibliographic resources for history along with a typology: the main virtual catalogues, e-books and collections of documents, guides to printed journals and e-journals, as well as the main historiographical databases, both general and specialised according to periods and themes. Each site is assessed according to accessability and user-friendliness. The international movement, Open Access, represents a major advance in access to historical information. Through access to virtual libraries and databases, the new technologies allow for manageable and highly useful megasearches. Included is a selective guide to these resources with full information and e-addresses.


diaspora, with special focus on Singapore, while Raymund Jose G. Quilop offers a brief and interesting history of the role of religion in the politics of the Philippines. Overall, The Politics of Religion in South and Southeast Asia is a useful contribution to the academic literature. While some of the chapters may be a bit too narrow in their subject matter to be of interest to most nonspecialists, readers seeking information on the role of religion in two regions of growing economic and strategic importance will find much that is of value here.


The Nuremberg trials (1945-1946) and Tokyo trials (1946-1948) were a first time in history event, in which France participated in order to punish the major war criminals. History was expecting a quick judgment, which the French judges declined to give. They expressed their disagreement by criticizing the rationale for the Trials. If their position, which was unprecedented, was disregarded at that time, their legacy in the emergence of international law deserves to be rediscovered.


Practice use of compacted clay liners as a landfill cover system is a choice of alternative materials that are widely used in almost all the existing landfill system in Indodonesia and in the world. In addition to the relatively low cost of procurement is also available in almost all regions in Indonesia. However, alternative reliable overburden landfills has not been much discussed and researched. The purpose of this study is to design an ideal final cover layer landfill technically and mechanically. The results showed that the addition of fly ash and palm oil fiber (POF) between 10% of fly ash and 1.0% of POF can enhance the mechanical value of soils. the compressive strength of soils increase from 39.4 kPa to 89.0 kPa or rose by 129%, decreasing the value of soil hydraulic conductivity is to be 1,2x10 from the initial value of 1,17x10 or decreased by 850.4%, increase in soil friction angle of 8.55° to 24 °, and lowering the soil liquid limit of 33.48% to 24.5%, decreasing of swelling potential of 8 % to only 1.5% at the end of the wetting cycle, reduce the crack intensity factor (CIF) from 1.96% to zero cracks. Mechanical behavior is heavily influenced by the nature of fly ash which has of a small 1524 Sukiman Nurdin, Lawalenna Samang, Johannes Patanduk & Dan Tri Harianto water absorption and change the water in the soil for the pozzolanic reaction and produce calcium hydrate silica (CSH), in which the reaction is to form granules (binder) in the soil so that the soil becomes dense and hard, while palm oil fiber have cellulose and lignin as dominant compounds that tend to have high water absorption but serves to strengthen the fiber tensile force between the fibers and the soils surface due to adhesion forces so that the soil is not easily collapse and reduce the potential shrinkages and cracking of the soils.


Rotating arc circuit breaker modeling requires the computation of the magnetic induction on the arc in order to estimate the Laplace force. An accurate modeling has to take into account the eddy currents and the magnetic saturation in axisymmetrical geometry. A finite element-boundary element coupling method is considered to deal with open boundary problems. Finite element domains can be used for conducting and nonlinear magnetic materials while boundary element domains are used elsewhere, that is mainly for the air. Numerical stability of the finite element method is insured by the use of an auxiliary potential equal to the vector potential divided by the radius. Boundary integrals required by the BEM involve elliptic functions which prevent any analytical treatment. Numerical integrations are made by an adaptative scheme which provides good accuracy of results. As the nonlinear character of the system prevents the use of complex formalism, even for sinusoidal excitations, transient analysis is made by using an Euler implicit scheme for time integration. The computed induction provides the time evolution of the force acting on the arc.


Many applications in the area of collaborative work can be enhanced by tracking users regularly. Consider a future emergency management application, in which mobile first responders are continuously tracked in order to support a better coordination of the rescue missions and to create a mission log. However, continuous tracking of individuals and storing the data for later use is often in conflict with individual privacy preferences. Therefore, it is a challenge to deal with conflicting traceability and privacy protection requirements. A common way to implement some kind of privacy protection is to use pseudonyms instead of fixed IDs for each user. However, in order to build a multilateral secure and acceptable solution, a more complex system design w.r.t. to pseudonym linkability is required, that also allows third parties to analyze the logs for organizational and legal reasons. In this paper, we present our approach to deal with this issue: we propose to encode additional information into pseudonyms that are used in location tracking systems and stored in data logs. Our concept comprises both access rights for the user herself and implicit attributes that may be verified by third parties in a privacy-respecting manner. We introduce the cryptographic constructions, which employ cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generators, threshold cryptography and techniques for securely evaluating encrypted data. Moreover, in this paper, we sketch a practical application example in the area of emergency mission log analysis and discuss the main security properties of our concepts.


The proposed article considers the issue of social and cultural determinants having impact on qualitative alteration of requirements to teacher's personality, media competence as an integral property of a new teacher for a new school. The main ideas of media education's development are represented in the social- humanitarian context of realization of presidential initiatives ―Our New School‖ which reflect subjective aspect of interpreting the category ―media competence‖ in a wide social and cultural meaning.


During past years, the debate on the topic of Eastern European Union frontier has been high on the international agenda. The policy reaction envisaged by the European Union following the enlargement process generated various feelings: from appreciation to doubt or sometimes even disappointment. The most recent initiative is represented by the Eastern Partnership. This study tries to inquire if the Eastern Partnership project responds to a certain extent to the needs of the addressees in terms of supporting their economic growth and promoting greater international competitiveness. The different approach represented by this study resides in a comparison between two separated tools, both either dealing with or including references to same objects of interest: namely, economic performances of Eastern European countries. The main contribution is given by the clarity and the transparency of the method; it also furnishes simple and unambiguous suggestions for further actions. Keywords: Competitive economies, Eastern partnership, Global competitiveness factors.


Subject. This article considers the organizational and economic relations arising in the process of development of the electric power system of a macro-region.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze trends in the development of the electric power system of the Ural macro-region.
Methods. For the study, I used analysis, synthesis, and generalization.
Results. The article presents spatial structure and composition of the electric power system of the Ural macro-region. It shows high differentiation and multidirectionality of electricity consumption, production and availability within the macro-region.
Conclusions. The spatial structure of the electric power industry of the Ural macro-region is heterogeneous in a number of parameters. This affects the strategic planning, and setting goals and objectives. It is necessary to develop mechanisms and tools to ensure a balanced development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.


Brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) are integral components of both the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) and the neurovascular unit (NVU). Transport across the BBB is an important mediator of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in the brain and a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the receptors responsible for the transport of Aβ through the BBB is the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1). In addition, the development of AD and diabetes share many pathophysiological features including defective insulin signalling, impaired glucose metabolism, and cognitive decline. LRP1 is known to modulate insulin signalling by forming a dimer with insulin receptor beta when stimulated using insulin. Furthermore, LRP1 expression at the BBB is reduced during normal aging and in AD. Hence, we hypothesize that LRP1 activity in BCEC can be modulated using astaxanthin to improve Aβ clearance and insulin‐mediated signalling at the BBB.


Abstract Due to the intermittence of renewable sources, reliable customer service is not guaranteed unless hybrid-energy systems emerged with energy storage is employed together with an appropriate energy management system (EMS). Usually integrating different renewable energy sources can able to supply a reliable power to consumers. In this paper, an efficient EMS for a four-wire, 1000 kW Microgrid system is presented. The studied system consists of three wind farms and three solar plants with a central link to battery banks, an electrolyzer, and a fuel-cell system. A hybrid optimization algorithm is adapted to track the maximum power of PV arrays under variable weather and partial shading conditions. The tracking algorithm merges the benefits of the Whale Optimization and Perturb-and-Observe (P&O) technique. To track the maximum available power of wind plants, a P&O algorithm is established by calculating the proper duty cycle of a boost dc/dc converter that regulates the load current. A TS-Fuzzy-based controller for the inverter is applied to provide an acceptable power quality level associated with the battery bank, electrolyzer, and fuel cell. The suggested inverter controllers provide multi tasks such as reactive power compensator, voltage regulator under unbalanced loads, and active filter. The validity of the proposed system is verified via Extensive Hardware-in-Loop (HIL).


and Katz thinks the New York Regents' case might have been left to time and the supporters of religion: to repeal or not to repeal. While Katz holds to neutrality, he also holds that the principle of religious liberty, protected by the second part of the First Amendment, would allow aid to church-related schools. Several questions would have to be considered before proffering aid. For example, is the aid a benefit to the school or merely to the student? Is the state really purchasing a service from the school and making a reimbursement? Is the aid primarily for a public good? The Kennedy position was that aid to religious schools on the lower levels is "clearly unconstitutional." Against this, Katz remarks, there are "authorities as impeccable as professors of constitutional law at Harvard." We allow freedom of belief and freedom to maintain religious schools. But as Katz said in an article in the Atlantic Monthly in 1953, "We exact a price for the exercise of this liberty." The title of a chapter in his present book is, "Religious Schools — The Price of Liberty?"


In the paper, we introduce new

 ρ

 -functional inequalities related to the Jensen functional equation and some properties. The Hyers-Ulam stability of functional inequalities is proved.


Objective To explore the relationship of serum TNF-α,IL-1β and hsCRP with neurological impairment and outcome in patients with acute brain traumatic injury(TBI).Methods Sixty patients with acute brain trauma from Dec.2012 to Sep.2013 in our hospital were divided into different groups based on Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS).The normal control group consisted of 17 healthy people.The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were tested by ELISA double antibody on the 1st,3rd,7th day after injury.The level of hsCRP in serum within 24 hours was detected by immunoturbidimetric assay.Results On the 1st,3rd,7th day after injury,the serum levels of TNF-α were higher than those in the control group and the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-1β in the severe group were higher than those in the mild group(P 0.05);within 24 hours,the serum levels of hsCRP in the severe group and the moderate group were higher than those in the mild group(P 0.05);the serum levels of TNF-α and hsCRP in the poor outcome group were higher than those in the good outcome group.Conclusion The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and hsCRP are significantly elevated and are related with the severity of neurological impairment in patients with acute brain trauma.


The security threat posed by the Boko Haram sect in Nigeria has remained unabated with no hope in sight. Weexamined the concept and applications of ubiquitous technology and taking advantage of its potentials, proposed anarchitectural framework – N-tier Ubiquitous Architectural Framework (NUAF) – for curbing the Boko Harammenace in Nigeria. NUAF is a hierarchical and segregational distributed architectural framework which in itssimplest form consists of the base-tier, inner-tier and top-tier. The real life implementation of NUAF is howeverdependent on some anticipated research sucesses in nanotechnology and wireless network security.Keywords: Internal security, Terrorism, Boko Haram, Ubiquitous technology and Distributed architecture


This research is a class action research conducted collaboratively. In its implementation the researchers used problem-based learning strategies in increasing student motivation and learning outcomes on Islamic economic principles and practices. This class action research was carried out in 3 cycles. The results of this study indicate that the use of problem-based learning strategies can increase student motivation and learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education. In the pre-action based on the observation sheet of student learning motivation is an average value of 48.16%, in the first cycle 55.90%, second cycle 65.90%, while the third cycle 88.71%. The learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education students in pre-action is with an average grade of 75, in the first cycle the average value of the class 79.03, in the second cycle the average value of the class 82.25, in the third cycle all students already have a complete value with an average value of 88.06


Lepeophtheirus salmonis is a common parasite of salmonid fish and has a significant economic impact on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fish farms. Over time L. salmonis has developed resistance to a number of chemotherapeutants, making the discovery of new treatments important to maintain a profitable farming industry. Determining processes in both L. salmonis and Atlantic salmon important to host selection and colonization may provide new targets for treatment development. During a two week cohabitation of L. salmonis infected and uninfected Atlantic salmon, we were able to collect information on the ability of L. salmonis to switch hosts, and preference for infected or uninfected fish. Whole L. salmonis and Atlantic salmon tissues were collected at 2 and 14 days post cohabitation to  determine if differential gene expression was occurring during this process. At 2 days post cohabitation there was no significant difference in the number of male lice on the initially infected and uninfected fish. Eight L. salmonis genes putatively associated with various facets of lice survival (CYP18 A1-like, cytochrome p450 Isoform 1-like protein, glycene receptor α-2-like, leukocyte receptor cluster member 9-like, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit-like, tissue plasminogen activator precursor-like, peroxinectin-like, and Trypsin-1) were analysed in both adult male and female lice, as well as five genes indicating immune status in Atlantic salmon. Comparisons were made to look for differential gene regulation as well as correlation between expression of L. salmonis genes and Atlantic salmon genes. Only MMP9 expression in salmon spleen was differentially regulated during the study period, however, correlations between the expression of several louse and salmon genes were found. Notably, the expression of a peroxinectin-like gene in male and female L. salmonis was correlated with the expression of IL-1, IL-12, IgT and matrix metalloproteinase 9 intermittently in salmon. This paper provides new insight into the interactions between L. salmonis and S. salar during infection.


H. roei has a short period of intense spawning in July and August, followed by low levels of spawning until December. A few ripe animals are present throughout the year. Males were more common than females in a sample made at Waterman, Western Australia. The animals begin to mature at about 40 mm, but have few gametes at this size. Females of the maximum known size of 122 mm produce an estimated 8.6 million eggs. H. roei is herbivorous, feeding on a variety of macroalgae present in the drift. Algae consumed varied seasonally and between platforms. Volumes of gut contents were greatest in winter, corresponding with the time of maximum food availability.


Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA) can be an effective means of lithological classification. The Random Forests™ (RF) supervised classification approach allows prediction of lithology from disparate geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing data. In this study, we examine the relationship between prediction accuracy and information entropy (H). Data were processed in accordance with industry best practice and input selection was optimised using RF. Using a training set containing 1.4% of available pixels, we produced a classified lithology map with an overall accuracy of 76% with regards to mapped geology. In addition, we produced a class membership probability for each pixel, a precursor to defining the ultimate class designation at each pixel. H was calculated at each pixel from output class membership probabilities; and in this context provides a measure of the state of disorder for each. H was normalised with 0-1 representing the minimum to maximum possible H for each pixel. H equal to 1 at a pixel represents an equal probability of all candidate classes occurring, whereas H equal to 0 describes a 100% probability of single class occurring. In this study, we demonstrate that there is a significant difference in the distribution of H between correctly and incorrectly classified pixels. The median H of incorrectly classified samples occurs above the 75% percentile of H for correctly classified samples. Conversely, both the mean and median H for correctly classified pixels occurs below the 25% percentile level for incorrectly classified samples. This information can be used to determine the well-defined transition range in H, above which classification is likely to be inaccurate. Using this approach, a geoscientist can produce a lithological map, a quantifiable measure of uncertainty and a quantifiable transition range above which they are likely to encounter incorrect classification, avoiding wasted expense in targeting based on an incorrect model.


Novel Schiff bases macrocyclic compounds containing diacylhydrazone(2) were synthesized from N,N-bis(2-aminophenyl)-oxalamide(1) and acetylacetone.The favorable reaction conditions of preparing the title macrocyclic compounds(2) were found as follows: the pH of reaction solution was from 7 to 8,the reaction time was about 18 h,the reaction temperature was 75~80 ℃,the mol ratio of N,N-bis(2-aminophenyl)-oxalamide(1) to acetylacetone was 1∶1,and the solvents was 50% ethanol.The novel Schiff base macrocyclic compounds(2) were characterized by elemental analysis,()~(1)H NMR,IR,UVand MS.


Nowdays there is the peak-load coverage efficiency problem in Russia and in the world. Power-producing companies try to solve it by demand side management - mainly by encouraging using more electricity during off-peak hours with introducing differential tariffs. The experimental qualitative research of electricity in a residential building was conducted to estimate this problem impact. The method of the peak-load reducing and redistribution, and enhancement of electrical power quality using an electronic device that includes an energy storage device is proposed. The economic calculation based on statistical electricity consumption and production data in the Russian Federation was performed to estimate prospects for using the proposed method of reduction the peak load on the network. The main functions and capabilities of the required device are described, and its structural scheme is presented.


Hydraulic infrastructures are commonly designed with reference to target values of flood peak, estimated using probabilistic techniques, such as flood frequency analysis. The application of these techniques underlies levels of uncertainty, which are sometimes quantified but normally not accounted for explicitly in the decision regarding design discharges. The present approach aims at defining a procedure which enables the definition of Uncertainty Compliant Design (UNCODE) values of flood peaks. To pursue this goal, we first demonstrate the equivalence of the Standard design based on the return period and the cost‐benefit procedure, when linear cost and damage functions are used. We then use this result to assign an expected cost to estimation errors, thus setting a framework to obtain a design flood estimator which minimizes the total expected cost. This procedure properly accounts for the uncertainty which is inherent in the frequency curve estimation. Applications of the UNCODE procedure to real cases leads to remarkable displacement of the design flood from the Standard values. UNCODE estimates are systematically larger than the Standard ones, with substantial differences (up to 55%) when large return periods or short data samples are considered.


State chart,one of the UML dynamic views,mainly describes the dynamic behavior of the objects while the lackage of the formalized dynamic semantics go against the automational conversion of the software from the demand to the code.B language supports formal specifications,in the MDA conversion process,transforming UML state chart into B specification makes the expression of the requirement of MDA in a more accurate way.Based on this,this paper puts forward a conversion approach based on EMF state chart to B specification,designs the metamodel of state chart and B abstract machine,then provides the definition of the conversion rule among metamodels and the ATL description of it as well,at last achieves the automational conversion from state chart to B specification on the Eclipse platform.This method provides a novel way to obtain formal demand in the process of MDA.


test cards thus prepared are hung in a window (not in the direct sunlight) and viewed from the opposite side of the room. The difference in tint observed in the different lines in cases of even very low grades of astigmatism is well marked, and will often attract the attention of persons whose appreciation of form and whose conception of distinct definition in the visual act is inferior to their power of appreciating and discriminating color. The form of diagram which I have found most satisfactory is made up of twelve radiating lines of a diameter corresponding to No. C. of Snelling test-types. [Plate IV.]


Improved wafer plane uniformity of the conductive layer of the device wafer, to provide a polishing pad for the device wafer which can stably for a long time electrochemical mechanical polishing. The polishing pad 60, as those disposed on the outer peripheral side, the opening width is small, the electrolyte solution containing portion F to be deeper provided, the device wafer D conductor layer D1 electrolytic solution containing portion F of the electrolyte E of contacting the liquid surface, the electrolytic cell C is formed by applying a voltage, and polishing a conductor layer D1 using the electrolytic cell C and a polishing member layer 62 electrochemically mechanical.


We propose a new measure for national happiness based on the emotional content of a country's most popular songs. Using machine learning to detect the valence of the UK's chart-topping song of each year since the 1970s, we find that it reliably predicts the leading survey-based measure of life satisfaction. Moreover, we find that music valence is better able to predict life satisfaction than a recently-proposed measure of happiness based on the valence of words in books (Hills et al., 2019). Our results have implications for the role of music in society, and at the same time validate a new use of music as a measure of public sentiment. JEL codes: N30, Z11, Z13


Objective:Through the establishment of wistar rats Ⅱ diabetes animal model,we observed mesenteric artery diastolic function changes of type 2 diabetes(T2DM) in rats intervened with swimming training,to explore the impact of its internal mechanism.Method:After the model was established,60 wistar rats were random divided into three groups:1) normal control group(CON);2)diabetes model group(DI);3) swimming exercise group(SEX),n = 15.Swimming training duration was total of 8 weeks.Results:T2DM reduced mesenteric artery diastolic dysfunction(P0.05),which was endothelium-dependent.This change was connected with reduced eNOS-NO system activities.Swimming training can effectively maintain the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation(P0.05) and can increase eNOS-NO system.In addition,T2DM caused activity decreasing of eNOS-NO system,which was the same to upstream protein PI-3K,Akt.Furthermore,after adding protein inhibitor(PI-3K) LY294002 and eNOS inhibitor L-NAME,protective effect disappeared.Conclusion:Swimming training can improve mesenteric artery diastolic function of T2DM wistar.Its protective effect may be inherent in part through the activation of PI-3K-AkteNOS signaling pathway.


In 1977 The Lancet published 2 studies of female oral contraceptive users. One was a longitudinal study of 46000 women and the other followed 17000 women. The 1st study found that mortality due to cardiovascular disorders was 5 times as great among pill users as among the control group. For women who had used oral contraceptives continuously for 5 or more years the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease was 10 times as great as for the controls. Overall mortality was 40% higher among the pill users than among the control group. The 2nd study substantiates these findings. The risk of cardiovascular disease is greater when the pill user also smokes. It is recommended that women over 35 who have used oral contraceptives for 5 or more consecutive years and who smoke a pack of cigarettes a day or more discontinue with the pill as a method of contraception because they are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Women aged 30-35 but with similar use and smoking patterns are advised to reconsider their choice of contraceptive while women under 30 are urged to quit smoking rather than switch contraceptive methods. These studies were conducted not only of current oral contraceptive users but of women who had used oral contraceptives in the past. A discouraging finding is that the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with pill use persists even after the hormonal contraceptives are discontined. However both studies were conducted during a period of pharmacological reformulation of hormonal contraceptives. Modern contraceptive pills contain lower amounts of estrogens than their forerunners. Furthermore sequential pills were used at the start of the study but are now only rarely used. It is hoped that the lower estrogen levels of modern oral contraceptives will reduce the incidence of undesirable side effects such as cardiovascular disease in users.


(...) The overall number of patients requiring extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support is considerable; however, its use as a bridge to HTx in patient with (...) spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) due to eosinophil arteritis has never been reported and only few cases of successful HTx after left ventricular assist device (L-VAD) have been described [1]. SCAD has been defined as an intramural haematoma of the coronary artery wall which occludes the true lumen, determining blood flow obstruction and acute myocardial ischemia without any obvious causes [2]. Use of oral contraceptives and arterial wall changes during pregnancy have been advocated as facility factors, nevertheless the occasional report of SCAD in men suggest that other factors are involved (..) [3]. Systemic hypertension, (...) cystic medial necrosis and intense coronary vasospasm, caused by strong emotional stresses (...) have rarely been reported as the cause of coronary artery dissection (...) [4]. Some authors affirm that it may be caused by inflammatory mechanism with release of dangerous substances against the wall of the coronary arteries [5]. Finally, the possibility that an intramural haematoma and unknown alterations of the collagen tissue turns out in a SCAD, may be considered [6]. (...) Some of these factors have been observed in the case following described. A 37-year-old woman (blood type O+) presented to the emergency care unit of a peripheral hospital with abdominal and ongoing chest pain associated to dyspnea. In anamnesis she had history of smoke, use of oral contraceptives, colon diverticula and previous use of high estrogens dose to induce pregnancy. EKG showed atrial fibrillation and inferior ST-segment elevation. The increase in creatine kinase-MB and troponine confirmed the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a preserved left ventricular function and mild hypokinesia of the inferior and basal segments. Subsequent echo showed left ventricular function worsening (EF 15%) and diffuse hypokinesia. Angiography showed an unexpected finding: SCAD involved left main trunk, anterior descending artery (LAD) (Fig. 1) and right coronary artery (RCA) (Fig. 2) but EKG showed only inferior STsegment elevation. (...) Intra-aortic balloon pump was inserted and the patient underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG): left mammary artery was grafted on LAD and two segments of saphenous vein were grafted on obtuse marginal and RCA. CABG failure was probably related to the long interval between myocardial infarction and surgery. Despite good flow measurements, weaning from ECC was impossible and the surgeons of the peripheral hospital (which had in their availability only ECMO) used this support to ensure patient's survival, positioning the inflow cannula in the right atrium and the outflow in the ascending aorta and maintaining the flow around 75% of the ideal: left ventricular vent was not used because pulmonary circulation was well decompressed by the right atrial cannula as checked by us with echo. To prevent pulmonary atelectasis, lungs were ventilated and hemogasanalysis was stable. ECMO advantages in this case were the easiness of implantation, its widespread availability


Transverse relaxation time (T2) is a basic but very informative MRI parameter, widely used in imaging to examine a host of diseases, including multiple sclerosis, stroke, and tumor. However, short repetition time (TR) is often used to minimize scan time, which may introduce non‐negligible errors in T2 measurement. Specifically, due to the use of refocusing pulse, the steady state magnetization depends not only on TR but also on the TE. Hence, if the TE dependence is not properly accounted for, it may be mistaken as T2‐induced signal attenuation, leading to non‐negligible T2 underestimation. Our study proposed a fast radio‐frequency enforced steady state (FRESS) spin echo (SE) MRI sequence, which saturates the magnetization after the echo and ensures a TE‐independent steady state. The proposed FRESS‐SE MRI was evaluated with numerical simulation, implemented with echo planar imaging readout, and validated by both phantom and in vivo experiments. In summary, FRESS‐SE T2 MRI technique was developed for fast and accurate T2 imaging, suitable for in vivo applications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Development of walking-through virtual environments has been an important subject in virtual reality and computer graphics. The technique may be widely applied in many areas such as city planning, culture heritage reservation and tourist industry. Based on a virtual system of University of Macao previously modeled by VRML, a new system is constructed through transforming the virtual environment from VRML to Open Flight format of MultiGen. With the help of Vega, we can walk through the virtual campus in real time, with highly improved performance. In this paper, techniques involved in the transformation are introduced, and key issues related to the performance improvement in the transformation are discussed.


Marriage is a legal institution of great importance to people because many have held, or will at some point in their lives. Therefore, its legal regulation affects a large percentage of the population.
In Ecuador marriage is dissolved or terminated by death, final judgment of nullity, final judgment granting the final possession (presumed dead) and final judgment of divorce

Divorce is a valid legal institution in the country, whose main effect is the dissolution of marriage, previously established institution of divorce left free to be re remarry or keep their marital status of divorced and no links one with the other person.
 Our legislation found two types of divorce such as: divorce on any grounds established by law; and divorce by mutual consent is that according to the doctrine that spouses freely and voluntarily express the desire to terminate the marriage. Our law on divorce by mutual consent mentions that: "By mutual consent spouses may divorce. To this effect, the consent shall be expressed as follows: the spouses manifest, in writing, in person or by special prosecutors, before the civil court of the domicile of either spouse "
However despite this type of divorce and just enough will and desire to divorce, that is not reflected in the legislation as Article 108 states that: "After the period of two months, at the request of the spouses or special prosecutors, the civil court shall convene them to a conciliation hearing, which, if not express purpose contrary, they express together and voice their final decision to give the marriage dissolved "
 Ie will have to wait expressing the law sixty days but not the will of the parties, thus breaching the right to liberty and the principle of speed that the Constitution and international treaties mentioned.
For these reasons and after a career conclude and as a legal contribution thought advisable to make a legal analysis to Article 108 of the Civil Code, that after that propose a legal reform


The invention relates to a fluortensidfreies, long-term stable additive for chrome plating, which degrading effect on the surface tension and improves the chrome deposition process.


Commercially used controllers for drive chains based on a hydrostatic transmission cannot guarantee acceptable tracking performance in the presence of uncertainty in the system dynamics, e.g., in the case of only imperfectly known actuator parameters. Hence, in this paper, an adaptive inverse dynamics control is presented that addresses this problem. The nonlinear controller consists of two main parts: an inverse dynamics controller to stabilize the tracking of desired trajectories for the difference pressure and the motor angular velocity, and an adaptation law to determine the actuator parameters online. An unknown disturbance torque is estimated using a reduced-order disturbance observer. Simulation results show that with the proposed adaptive control structure an accurate trajectory tracking is achieved despite uncertainty in the system dynamics.


This research aims at investigating the influence of planting distance towards growth and yield of peanut and optimal planting distance that can raise the growth of peanut seeds. The method used was Randomized Block Design with treatment as follows: J1 = planting distance 10 cm x 15 cm, J 2 = planting distance 15 cm x 15 cm, J 3 = planting distance 10 cm x 20 cm 4, J = planting distance 15 cm x 20 cm, J 5 planting distance = 10 cm x 30 cm, J 6 = 15 cm x 30 cm. Observation Variables in this study are the height of the plant, a number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, Podsnumber/Tan, pods weight/Tan, Seedsnumber /Tan, Fresh Seed Weight/Ha, Dry Seed Weight/Tan, heavy Seed dry/Ha, Fresh maximal yield and residues weight/Tan, dry maximal yield and residue/Ha. The result of this experiment found that the use of distance planting can give a good influence on each variable observation, both on the observation of growth as well as on the yield of peanut.


The utility model discloses a precast supporting device of a thermal insulating layer of a pressure vessel of a nuclear power station, which adopts an annular tube structure and comprises an inner ring plate and a stainless steel anchor rib. The stainless steel anchor rib enables the inner ring plate to be anchored on an inner wall of a reactor cavity concrete ring wall, and a thermal insulating layer support is fixed on an inner wall of the inner ring plate. Compared with the prior art, the precast supporting device of the thermal insulating layer of the pressure vessel of the nuclear power station adopts the annular tube structure, the thermal insulating layer hung on the pressure vessel originally is changed to be fixed on the reactor cavity concrete ring wall, therefore, influence can not be produced on modification of the reactor cavity water injection, and the precast supporting device has the advantages of being reasonable in stress, clear in force transmission, low in construction cost, convenient to construct, and good in durability.


A study of the organic matter of a marine sequence of the west part from Penarrubia Beach (Asturias) has been carried out using pyrolysis tests and petrographic and geochemical techniques. White light and fluorescence microscopic observations have permitted to establish a general classification of the disperse organic matter, its distribution and concentration along the series, and also the variation with the litology. The organic components have been classified into nine groups which are mainly found in the Upper part of the Pliensbachian marlaceous and lutitic beds. These bituminous leveis are composed of a kerogen type 11 or mixed, with a small contribution of terrestrial humic materials. The rank of DOM has been determined by huminite reflectance and Rock-Eval (Tmax), being both results concordant. The DOM is in an inmature stage before the oil generation window. The highest oil yields determined by pyrolysis tests at 500°C correspond to the richest DOM levels. Petrographic and geochemical data show a good correlation. AIgae, fibers, organic-mineral matrix and other submicroscopic associations are the main source for oil generation.


15
 N and 195Pt n.m.r. studies show that when acetamide is added to aqueous solutions of cis-[Pt(NH3)2-(H2O)2]2+ and [Pt(en)(H2O)2]2+(en = ethylenediamine), equilibria are rapidly established with species in which H2O is substituted by the amide carbonyl oxygen atom without NH2 deprotonation; the relevance to platinum blue formation is discussed.


This report demonstrates that GM‐CSF induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc protein which is implicated in Ras activation. Three isoforms of She are ubiqitously phosphorylated induced by GM‐CSF in TF‐1, a cell line of erythroid origin. It is also shown that She is associated with the adaptor protein Grb2. The formation of Shc‐Grb2 complex may directly link tyrosine phosphorylation events to Ras activation in TF‐1 cells.


The case where the background material of a cloak possesses magnetoelectric coupling is investigated in this paper, for examples, the base medium is bianisotropic or an isotropic medium moving with uniform speed which may be comparable with that of light. The specifically proposed constitutive parameters for such kind of cloak show more complicated bianisotropic property, which can not be simply produced by an isotropic medium in a uniform-velocity motion.


This study examines the resistance of three-dimensional (3D) weft-knitted fabrics to mechanical risks to determine the influence of varying percentage contents of high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt on cut, puncture, abrasion, and tear resistance. The three-dimensional weft-knitted fabrics are designed by separating functional layers: the outer (protective) layer contains varying percentage contents of high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt; the inner layer (suitable for contact with the skin) contains polyester; both layers are connected using polyamide. The strength properties of knits in response to mechanical impact were evaluated by performing cut, puncture, abrasion, and tear resistance tests. Basalt was found to improve the cut resistance of knits significantly, even with its content as low as 5% in the outer layer. The knit with the highest high molecular weight polyethylene content in the outer layer demonstrated the best puncture and tear resistance. No correlation was established between the varying percentage contents of high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt and the maximum number of abrasion cycles, as the three-dimensional weft-knitted fabrics showed no noticeable wear. The test results show that the structure of three-dimensional weft-knitted fabric with the outer layer designed to withstand mechanical impact and the inner layer suitable for direct contact with the skin protects against a wide range of mechanical impacts. This applies even when varying percentage contents of high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt are used only in the outer layer.