Objective
To investigate the expression and clinical significance of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and chromogranin A (CgA) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods
The expressions of TTF-1 and CgA protein in 68 cases of SCLC tissues and 20 cases of normal lung tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry method, and their correlations with clinical features of SCLC were analyzed.

Results
The positive rates of TTF-1 and CgA protein in SCLC were 88.2% (60/68) and 70.6% (48/68), respec-tively, and they were higher than those in normal lung tissue [10.0%(2/20) and 5.0%(1/20); χ2=45.442, P=0.000; χ2=26.941, P=0.000]. The expression of TTF-1 protein was not related to the patients′ age, sex and tumor size, while closely related to smoking index (χ2=4.131, P=0.042), lymph node metastasis (χ2=5.488, P=0.019) and clinical stage (χ2=6.011, P=0.014). The expression of CgA protein was not related to the patients′ age, sex, tumor size and smoking index, while closely related to lymph node metastasis (χ2=9.895, P=0.002) and clinical stage (χ2=4.145, P=0.042).

Conclusion
TTF-1 and CgA protein are highly expressed in SCLC, especially in the patients with lymph node metastasis and extensive disease.

Key words:
Carcinoma, small cell; Chromogranin A; Immunohistochemistry; Thyroid transcription factor-1


Environmental concerns with the disposal of laser-printer toner cartridges are being addressed, in part, by the remanufacture of toner cartridges. Remanufacturing, or recycling at a part level, involves the disassembly, restoration to like-new condition and reassembly of a used product. Remanufacturing offers significant environmental benefits by reusing the energy and resources expended during original manufacture, and by diverting solid waste from landfill and incineration. Since the primary purpose of remanufacturing is to reuse parts, the parts that are not reused enter the remanufacturers' waste stream and may be studied to identify difficulties in remanufacture. The research undertaken aims to quantify the amount of product discarded (as opposed to reused) and to categorise reasons for discard in the toner-cartridge industry. From the discard reasons, it may be possible to identify product design factors that directly affect the remanufacturability of the product. This knowledge may be used to formulate design strategies to facilitate remanufacturing. The waste streams of three toner-cartridge remanufacturers were studied. Data gathered over a period of four months showed the main reasons for discard and highlighted areas in toner-cartridge design that are problematic for remanufacture.


An analysis of the literature shows that over the past 50 years, the aviation industry has achieved a significant reduction in noise. However, the problem still remains and very often leads to numerous complaints from the population, who lives around airports. The current trend of uncontrolled housing in Ukraine around the airports may pose a threat to the population who lives in the surrounding areas. Goal. Hygienic assessment of the acoustic condition adjacent to the airport "Borispol" areas of the nearest residential buildings and its impact on the health of the population living in these areas. Object. The object of the study is a residential building located near Boryspil Airport and the population living there. Research methods. Experimental (acoustic measurements) and calculations (acoustic calculations; calculations of the risk indices) research methods conducted hygienic assessment of the acoustic condition of the adjacent areas to the airport. Research results. As a result of the calculations of the indices, the risk is established that at the current intensity of flights and types of aircrafts included in the risk index, it is assessed as low and moderate. If the intensity of flights is increase in two times, the risk index is estimated as moderate and high level. Conclusions. The acoustic condition of the nearest residential buildings adjacent to the airport in the villages of Martusivka, Hora, V. Oleksandrivka (Kyiv region) and Boryspil does not meet the requirements of LTO №463-2019 for day and night. Aviation noise has a negative impact on the health of the population living in the buildings closest to Boryspil airport (increases the risk of diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular system and auditory analyzer).


Taking the small and medium enterprises as the research object and with the use of the current finance-proccessing system softwares,a set of much safer and swifter finance-proccessing system for the small and medium enterprises is developed.Such three aspects as the introduction to the system,the designs of the system and the realization of the system are focused on in this paper.


A ninety-six-year-old issei (first-generation) man recalls his farming village in Okinawa and his immigration to Hawaii in 1907 aboard the China-go.


A process for producing an alkali metal-containing bead for use as a detector the ion source in gas chromatography, characterized in that a capillary tube, which consists of a glass containing the chemically uniformly a predetermined concentration of alkali metal, and the glass volume substantially to that of gem produced corresponds to an electrically is threaded conductive support wire, and then melted to form a substantially symmetrical, adhering to the support wire bead, chemically uniformly has the predetermined concentration of alkali metal through the entire bead therethrough.


Preface. Acknowledgments. PART ONE Alpha/Beta Building Blocks of Portfolio Management. Chapter 1 The Modern Endowment Allocation Model. Truly Long-Term Orientation. Novel Asset Classes and Special Access. Remaking the Investment Manager Relationship. More Market-Sensitive Allocations. Asset Allocation. Beta-Based Risk and Return: The Sigma and Beta Lines. Notes. References. Chapter 2 Structural Betas and Alphas. Finding the Beta in the Black Box. The Structural Beta. Return Components of Asset Classes. Risk Components of Asset Classes. Portfolio Beta Values. Modern Allocations with Alternatives. The Extreme Allocation. Return Components at the Portfolio Level. Comparison of Portfolios' Risks and Returns. Implications for Institutional Portfolios. Beta as the Key Risk Factor. Notes. PART TWO Beta-Based Asset Allocation. Chapter 3 Beyond Diversification: Dragon Risk. The Nature of Diversification. Dragon Risk. A Diversification Model. Diversification in Sources of Return. Potential Diversification Costs. Overdiversification versus Dragon Risk. Chapter 4 Reverse Asset Allocation Using Alpha Cores. Simplifying the Portfolio Optimization Process. The Alpha Core. The Swing Assets. The Fixed Alpha Core Segment. Generality of the Alpha Core Representation. Varying the Core Parameters. The Cash Line Segment. The Bond Bridge. The Equity Extension Segment. The Three-Segment Frontier. The Frontier Slope. The Uplifted Frontier. Channel Risk. Risk Mitigation and Asset Class Inclusion. Conclusion. Appendix. References. Chapter 5 The Efficient Frontier with Bonds as the Risk-Free Base. The Equity Risk Premium. Bond-Relative Alphas and Betas. Risk Analysis. Portfolio Level Analysis. The Alpha Core. Efficient Frontier Analysis. The Alpha Effect. Appendix. Chapter 6 Expanding the Alpha Core. Inherent Constraints on Alternative Assets. Building an Alpha Core. Maximum-Return Alpha Cores. The Flower Diagram. Expanding the Alpha Core. Moving beyond Beta Domination. Dual Active-Allocation Alphas. Conclusion. Chapter 7 Alpha-Driven Efficient Frontiers. The Efficient Frontier in Alpha Space. Increasing the Alpha Core Percentage. Conclusion. Chapter 8 The Societal Efficient Frontier. Standard Efficient Frontiers. The Swing Asset Frontier. The Concept of a Societal Frontier. Total Betas and the Diversification Paradox. Dragon Risk Constraints and Climbing the Alpha Wall. A Societal Frontier of Quantum Risk States. Active Alphas and Other Risk-and-Return Tradeoffs. Societal Gaps and Opportunities. References. Chapter 9 Equilibration. Beta Domination and Constrained Alternatives. Alpha Decay under Beta Domination. Realized Returns versus Going-Forward Alphas. Sharpe Ratio Decay. Sequential Alpha Erosion. Equilibration across the Societal Frontier. References. Chapter 10 Shortfall Risks and Efficient Frontiers. Importance of Shortfall Risk in Portfolios. Efficient Frontiers Using Fixed Alpha Cores. Shortfall Probabilities. Shortfall Regions in Risk-and-Return Space. Shortfalls Relative to the Risk-Free Baseline. Shortfall Probabilities along the Efficient Frontier. Multiple Horizon Comparisons. Appendix. References. Chapter 11 Convergence of Risks. End-of-Period Shortfall Probabilities. Within-Period Stop-Loss Probabilities. High Watermark Shortfalls. Changing the Thresholds and Horizons. Shortfall Probabilities along the Efficient Frontier. Acceptable Risk-and-Return Regions. Conclusion. References. Chapter 12 Active Alphas: Bound, Portable, and Integrated. Allocation Alphas. Active Alphas. Portable Alphas. Bound-Active Alphas. Integrated Alphas. Risk Budgets. Expanding the Active Universe. Shifting Policy Portfolios. Conclusion. References. Chapter 13 Beta-Based Performance Analysis. Active versus Passive Alphas. Decomposition of Benchmark Return. Relative Return Analysis. Actives Alphas without Reweighting. Overweighting Active Alphas. Adding a New Asset Class. Beta Neutralization. Analyzing Historical Performance. Conclusion. Chapter 14 Real Return Tents and Equity Durations. P/E Ratios and Nominal Interest Rates. P/E Ratios and Equity Duration. Inflation versus Real Rate Effects. Spread-Driven DDM's. P/E Ratios versus Inflation. P/E Ratios versus Real Rates. Conclusion. References. PART THREE Theoretical and Empirical Stress Betas. Chapter 15 Stress Betas and Correlation Tightening. Portfolio Convexity Effects. Stress Correlations of 1. Residual Volatility Constant. Varying Residual Volatilities. Conclusion. Appendix. References. Chapter 16 Stress Risks within Asset and Surplus Frameworks. Risk Life Cycles. Stress Times as Determinant of Risk Tolerance. Correlation Tightening Under Stress. Divergence under Stress. Short Term Risk Reduction and Long-Term Returns. Normal Correlation-Based Betas. Beta Response Curves. Stress Betas. The Surplus Framework. Surplus Beta Curves. Partial Liability Hedge. Full Liability Hedge. De-Risking and Re-Risking. Maintaining a Fund's Return-Seeking Potential. Diversification Alphas. Active Alphas. Double Alphas and Portability. References. Chapter 17 Stress Beta Pathways. An Empirical Example. A Minimum Residual Volatility Model. Implied Asset Volatility. Stress Betas at the Asset Level. Short Term Vulnerability of Diversified Portfolios. Beta Pathways for Individual Asset Classes. Appendix. Chapter 18 The Endowment Model: Theory and Experience. Theoretical Beta-Based Risks. Historical Risk Characteristics. Alpha and Beta Returns. Conclusion. Chapter 19 Diversification Performance: Under Stress (2008) and over the Long Term (1993 through 2007). A Semi-Diversified Portfolio. Volatilities and Volatility Ratios. Individual and Portfolio Correlations with U.S. Equity. Historical Betas. Beta-Based and Alpha Returns. Stress Beta Theory. 2008 Results and Stress Betas. Conclusion. PART FOUR Asset Allocation and Return Thresholds. Chapter 20 Asset Allocation and Return Thresholds in a Beta World. Percentiles in Return and Beta Space. The Percentile Fan. Minimum and Maximum Betas for Return Targets. The Characteristic Probability of Exceeding the Risk-Free Rate. Multiyear Horizons. Beta Regimes. Shortfall Lines. Alpha Cores and Stress Betas. Conclusion. Appendix. References. Chapter 21 Key Takeaways. About the Authors. Index.


The history of a specialization like "urban anthropology" can be studied from diverse perspectives. This analysis concerns the content of the journal Urban Anthropology during the first twenty years of its existence, a period during which the specialization came into being and developed into a maturing sub-field within American anthropology. This analysis considers major methodological, geographical, and subject trends in urban anthropology and also examines the characteristics of its practitioners. In a recent impressive review of "urban anthropology in the 1980s," Roger Sanjek observed that "Despite the volume of books by anthropologists in the 1980s based upon research in cities, 'urban anthropology' as we knew it in the 1950s-1970s is dead" (1990: 154). He goes on to state that "urban anthropology is diffusing into a reintegrated social-cultural anthropology" (ibid.) and argues that, because the proportion of the world's population living in cities will continue to increase in the next century, "Anthropologies, if not yet a unified anthropology, will follow this transition, displacing 'urban anthropology'"(ibid.). In effect, he argues that anthropologists will do many kinds of research in cities without labeling their work as urban anthropology. He also argues that most anthropologists now accept Anthony Leeds's argument that "no town is an island" and that, accordingly, "the study of [social] relations and institutions in peri-urban and trans-urban settings ... is difficult and unnecessary to separate from 'urban anthropology"'(ibid.). Unfortunately, Sanjek fails to recognize that the successes of anthropologists working in urban settings broadly defined (which according to Leeds would include virtually all places in the world!) has helped to change the entire field of social-cultural anthropology. Why does he create a "slightly caricatured ... old urban anthropology" (1990: 152, 154) to compare with his vision of the emerging "urban pathways to practice" (1990:174) in the discipline? Why confound the locus of fieldwork with the methodologies and theories developed for understanding urban processes? And why such a profoundly presentistic presentation of the field? Anyone could do the same in comparing other specializations of the 1950s-1970s vis-a-vis the 1980s, but to what end?


The increasing size and complexity of software systems strain the traditional ad hoc software development process. Rising development costs coupled with a substantial investment in maintaining legacy software constitute a Software Crisis. Software reuse attempts to leverage past workproducts for integration in new ones and potentially provides more robust systems at less cost. Software configuration management (SCM) systems are :important to this reuse effort; such systems are necessary to increase confidence in code stability, which in turn facilitates reuse. Once the number of reusable artifacts in a collection reaches a critical point, a software reuse library becomes a necessary component of :reuse, for it provides browsable access to collections of reusable components that would 'be too large for any one person to fully utilize. This thesis describes the implementation of a process-based SCM system, and the design and implementation of a low-cost prototype of a World Wide Web-based software reuse library constructed primarily from freely available open systems. 'Technical Supervisor: Anne Clough Title: Principal Member of the Technical Staff, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory 'Thesis Supervisor: Barbara Liskov 'Title: Professor of Computer Science and Engineering


Aim: Determine the status of nursing literature regarding Emotional Intelligence. Background: Nurses work in emotionally charged environments, serving as frontline healthcare workers. Emotional Intelligence, a construct that emphasizes the evaluation and use of emotions, may be a valuable tool in the field of nursing. Method: A systematic literature review of the research on Emotional Intelligence, published between 2010 and 2017, in the nursing field was conducted. Results: 34 manuscripts were identified. A wide range of instruments (13) were used across the studies. The majority were cross-sectional descriptive studies (22), followed by longitudinal studies (3), experimental designs (3) and literature reviews/expert opinions (6). Four domains related to Emotional Intelligence were identified, namely, burnout, nursing leadership, workplace environment and quality of care. Most studies showed a positive effect of Emotional Intelligence on the nursing profession by protecting against burnout while improving leadership, workplace environment and quality of care. Conclusion: Emotional Intelligence positively affects the nursing profession by militating against four domains of the nursing field. A standardized approach to evaluating it in the nursing field is needed as are rigorous longitudinal and experimental designs to further delineate the benefits. Emotional Intelligence should become incorporated into the education of nurses and nurse leaders.


Desing for testability techiques and self-test methods have become very important in recent years, specially on VLSI circuit testing. In this paper we present a comparative analisys between two different structures that are extensively used in self-test BILBO techniques, namely Linear Feedback Shift Registers, LFSRs, and Cellular Automata Registers, CARs.
In addition to this analisys we have studied the influence of such structures in digital circuit speed and their reliability as signature analyzers.


This paper reports our work on an electromagnetically actuated on/off microvalve. The microvalve consists of three main components: a soft magnetic base, a Au microcoil and a soft magnetic dome with supported legs. The microvalve is built entirely by surface micromachining on top of a single silicon wafer. It has an overall diameter of 1100 µm. It has an overall height of 600 µm, which includes the thickness of the silicon substrate. By turning on or off the current to the microcoil, the microvalve closes or opens the flow of liquid through its orifice. The on/off microvalve was tested for its performance in the flow of 50% diluted methanol with water at the flow rate of 1 µl min−1. The operational power of the microvalve was in the range of 0.3–1.2 W. The operational current was in the range of 0.27–0.6 A. The microvalve has a leaking rate in the order of 0.003 µl min−1.


Evaluation of similarity between simulated synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and real SAR images is crucial to improve SAR simulating algorithms and it still lacks quantitative evaluation of simulated SAR images. Thus, this paper proposes four methods (i.e., PCA similarity, SIFT matching rate, change detection rate and difference-value of target rate field of view) to evaluate the similarity between simulated SAR images and real SAR images. Experimental results indicate that PCA similarity, SIFT matching rate and change detection rate can be applied to evaluate images of river, plain terrain, mountainous terrain and man-made target, while difference-value of target rate field of view is only applicable for images of man-made target.


In this short report a new aurora intensity index (AI) is defined as the total X-ray intensity derived from the images obtained by the aurora X-ray camera of PIXIE on board the Polar satellite. We found a linear relationship between the magnetosphere sub-storm index (AE) and the new aurora intensity index (AI). We found that among the 83 data sets chosen from 1997 to 2001, 566% of which has the linear correlation coefficients larger than 060 (the maximum is 097). We suggest that the auroral X-ray intensity (AI) be a candidate of a new real-time index obtained from satellite observations for monitoring magnetosphere sub-storms.


Africa could benefit from the demographic dividend by identifying strategies for investing in the massive youthful workforce. The current study employs the social cognitive career theory perspective to assess Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions' curriculum coverage of various skills in Kenya. We further examine the relevance of the curricula to the labour market and barriers affecting institutions' capacity to implement practical-oriented and demand-driven curricula. A cross-sectional research design was adopted using a mixed-method approach to gather and analyse data. Findings revealed different levels of coverage of soft and technical skills in the curriculum. Inadequate resources, lack of modern equipment and technology, and minimal adoption of practical components in the curriculum were identified as barriers to acquiring skills, consequently affecting TVET students' capacity to secure employment. To promote requisite skills acquisition and accelerate youth employability, we recommend a partnership between TVET institutions and the industry. Assessing how the competencies acquired align with labour market demands is also critical. Evidence gathered from this assessment will inform the improvement of existing on-the-job training, enable institutions to scale-up successful models and foster the development of human capital that is more adaptable to the dynamic world of work.


Much of the contemporary discussion about biblical inspiration can be significantly advanced if the most important question of theology who is God?-and its most profound answer-Father, Son and Holy Spirit-are kept firmly in the foreground. More specifically, although frequent mention of the Holy Spirit is made in the modern debate, insufficent attention has been paid to the trinitarian setting of the Spirit's work. This is illustrated by reference to the work of B.B. Warfield and ]ames Barr. The article suggests some of the ways in which a greater trinitarian awareness might open up more fruitful avenues for future consideration.


ABSTRACT The focus of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Student Success Skills group counseling (SSSGC) intervention with grade 9 students identified as at risk to dropout. This study analyzed two years of non-identifiable student data (N = 167) collected by school counselors at one high school in south Florida. An analysis of covariance was used to determine differences in academic grades, standardized test scores, and absences between the students who participated in the SSSGC program those who did not. Statistically significant differences were found for all dependent variables. Implications and future research recommendations are provided.


We consider a nonlinear degenerate elliptic partial differential equation -div(|Vw|''_2Vî/) = H(x, u, Vw) with the critical growth condition on H(x, u, Vu) < g(x) + |Vm|'' , where g is sufficiently integrable and p is between 1 and oo . Our first goal of this paper is to prove the existence of the solution in W^ •p n L°° . The main idea is to obtain the uniform L°°-estimate of suitable approximate solutions, employing a truncation technique and radially decreasing symmetrization techniques based on rearrangements. We also find an example of unbounded weak solution of -div(|Vw|''_2VM) = \Vu\p for 1 < p < n.


The present study was an attempt to explore the level of burnout among primary school teachers in Malaysia. In addition, the study tried to determine if the school type has any significant influence on teachers' burnout level. To this end, 714 primary school teachers participated in the study. They were teaching at Malay (SK), Tamil (SJKT), and Chinese (SJKC) medium schools. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI- ES) (Maslach, Jackson, & Schwab, 1986) was used to collect the data on the teachers' burnout. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the teachers' burnout ranged from moderate to low level. In addition, it was found that the teachers working at SJKC experienced lower level of Personal Accomplishments (PA) than those at SK and SJKT schools.


Environmental conditions are known to influence foraminiferal assemblages and their diversity. Seasonal fluctuations however, are not well studied in tropical intertidal habitats. The southern West Coast of India has narrow coastal plains bordered on the east by the Western Ghats, which rise to an average height of 900m above sea level. This generates monsoon precipitation from southwesterly winds that last for about four months beginning in the first week of June. Due to a steep gradient of the Western Ghats numerous swift-flowing rivers course through a highly productive region that includes the coastal plains and they traverse a distance of about 60 km before reaching the sea. They provide large inputs of various microand macro-nutrients. The monsoons thus considerably alter the hydrobiologic profile of the Arabian Sea. Thus the West Coast of India provides an interesting region for study of correlation of monsoon and foraminiferal diversity. It is all the more significant as paleomonsoon data are often interpreted from proxy foraminifera. In the present investigation, seasonal variations in diversity and abundance of total foraminiferal populations (TFN) were studied at an estuarine (River Sal) and a non-estuarine site (Utorda) along the coast of Goa, India, between October 2004 to September 2005. The observations were correlated with various parameters such as sediment texture, organic matter, calcium carbonate, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, calcium, silicate and phosphate content. Quantitative analyses of all samples were carried out by following standard methods and biodiversity indices were calculated. At the estuary, lesser diversity of foraminifera represented by 25 species (23 benthic and 2 planktonic species) belonging to 15 genera, 9 families and 2 sub-orders were found. In contrast, 55 foraminiferal species (51 benthic and 4 planktonic species) were recorded at a non-estuarine site. They belong to 25 genera, 11 families and 4 sub-orders. Spiroloculina tricarinata, Quinqueloculina vulgaris Rotallidium annectans, Rotallinoides papillosus, Ammonia beccarii, A.dentata, Elphidium discoidale, Amphistegina radiata, Anuár io do Inst i tu to de Geociências UFRJ ISSN 0101-9759 Vol. 29 1 / 2006 p. 534-535


Method and apparatus for realizing the supply of the product is described herein. Product samples supply, on a social networking site, shoppers are made in exchange for check-in at the vending machine. Information associated with the check-in is passed to vending machine to dispense the product sample.


Molecular sensor utilizing a dichroic can be used to detect the presence of specific molecules in the material. Molecular sensor, (i) a scaffold moiety, to form a (ii) a scaffold / receptor complex, attached to the scaffold portion, and a one or more receptor molecules to a target molecule, scaffold / receptor complex body is modified to incorporate chromophores modified support / receptor complex, with high aspect ratio.


The present research work investigated on the behavior of corrugated core composite sandwich panel (CCCS) with composite face-sheets reinforced by pseudo-elastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wires subjected to high-velocity impact experimentally. The number of SMA wires, their location, and their pre-strain percentage are the parameters studied in this investigation. The sandwich specimens were made by woven glass fibers/epoxy composite face-sheets strengthened by the SMA wires and Aluminum corrugated core and prepared using the wet hand lay-up method. Their behavior is evaluated under high-velocity impact test by a gas gun impactor testing machine. According to the results obtained, a significant change in the amount of energy absorption of the specimens containing SMA wires is observed. By increasing the number of the SMA wires, the energy absorption by the specimen is increased, but by pre-straining the SMA wires, the effect in energy absorption is significant. Also, when the projectile hits the SMA wire in CCCS, better properties in energy absorption can be observed. The results show that the energy absorption increased from 117.247 J for the specimen without the SMA wire to 128.749 J for the six SMA wires specimen. On the other hand, by applying the pre-strain to the SMA wires, the residual stresses in the specimens and hence the energy absorption in the specimen with six SMA wires with 3% pre-strain increased to 142.57 J.


Athanasiadou F and Karkou V
Establishing Relationships with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders through Dance Movement Psychotherapy: A Case Study using Artistic Enquiry, in S. Daniel and C Trevarthen (eds) The Rhythm of Relating in Children's Therapies. London: Jessica Kingsley.


Under the background of advocating the college students' innovative undertaking, art design class colleges and universities in China and from theoretical research to practical application, as a starting point, combined with an introduction to design course teaching, the writer summarizes the teaching experience accumulation, recommending a series of curriculum reform, the main theory of curriculum reform to teachers theory teaching present situation, in a variety of teaching methods, guide students to pay attention to the combination of theory and practice, enhance students' interest in introduction to design courses, thinking on the reform of the course in the new situation.


This paper explores the utilization of Yunnan minority totems in contemporary landscape architecture and its cultural significance. By analyzing the historical development and current practices of Yunnan minority communities, this study provides insights into the integration of cultural heritage and modern design. The research identifies the potential of totems as a valuable resource for sustainable and culturally sensitive design. Through the case studies of interior design in tall buildings, this paper demonstrates how traditional practices can be adapted and incorporated into contemporary design. The findings contribute to the discourse on the role of cultural heritage in shaping the built environment and provide practical implications for landscape architects and designers working in multicultural contexts.


Photograph of an abstract painting hanging on a wall; the painting appears to represent a human face with tape over the mouth.


Pure (undoped) and Zinc doped CdO thin films were prepared using spray pyrolysis technique with various dopant concentrations of Zn such as 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15% on glass substrates. Influence of Zn doping on the structural, optical and electrical properties of CdO thin films is reported. XRD analysis reveals that as prepared pure and Zn doped CdO films show polycrystalline nature with face centered cubic structure. Also, Zn doping significantly increases the crystallinity and changes the crystallite size. SEM images shows grains which are uniform and agglomerated grain size increasing with increase in dopant concentration. The transmittance of the prepared CdO films recorded in the UV visible spectra show 50 to 70% in the visible region. However, the higher dopant concentration of Zn (10 and 15%) in CdO diminishes the transmittance value. The estimated optical bandgap varies from 2.59 to 2.65 eV for various dopant concentrations. Hall measurement shows that the films are n-type semiconductor. Also, it is observed that when the doping level is increased, the electrical resistivity also increases in the spray pyrolysed CdO thin film.


The convection electric field penetrates from the polar ionosphere to low latitude and drives the DP2 currents in the global ionosphere with an intensified equatorial electrojet (EEJ). The electric field often reverses its direction, that is, the overshielding occurs and causes the equatorial counterelectrojet (CEJ) during storm and substorms. In this paper we report that the overshielding electric field is detected by the HF Doppler sounders at low latitude on the nightside. We analyzed the Doppler frequency of the HF radio signals propagated over 120 km in Japan at frequencies of 5 and 8 MHz and compared with the equatorial EEJ/CEJ during the substorm expansion phase. We found that the overshielding electric field reaches around 2 mV/m during major substorms (AL<-1800 nT). Taking the geometrical attenuation into account, we estimate the equatorial electric field to be about 1.5 mV/m. We also found that the electric field drives the eastward electrojets in the equatorial ionosphere on the night side. It is to be noted that the overshielding electric field is observed on the nightside at low latitude during the major substorms, while the convection electric field is dominant during smaller size substorms, as the CEJ flows on the dayside. These results suggest that the overshielding electric field associated with the Region-2 field-aligned currents becomes dominant during substorms at low latitude on the nightside as well as on the dayside. On the other hand, we found strong seasonal dependence of the overshielding in the sub-auroral latitudes. Although the substorm CEJs at Huancayo do not depend on season, the overshielding frequently occurs at subauroral latitudes during the winter period from November to February. In contrast, the convection electric field is dominant at the subauroral and low-latitudes during the summer period from April to August. The strong seasonal dependence may suggest that the Region-1 field aligned currents (FACs) have a constant voltage source, while the Region-2 FACs have a constant current source, which results in the convection and overshielding electric fields being dominant in summer and winter, respectively.


Bitter criticism of the perverse values and twisted moral behavior of nineteenth-century American society is a major undertaking in the writings of Mark Twain. Speaking in his own person, Twain often criticizes those, for example, who entice young men to fight in wars and kill innocent strangers ("A Private History of a Campaign that Failed"); he also mourns those who commit atrocities in the name of civilization and who ironically invoke in civilization's dark causes such idealistic abstractions as "love," "justice," "liberty," and "equality" ("To a Person Sitting in Darkness"). In his fiction, Twain also cleverly uses the eyes of outsiders to offer new perspectives to expose the similar flaws of a such "civilized" fictional communities as St. Petersburg, Dawson's Landing, and Eseldorf--types, all, of real communities. Twain also strives to expose similarly debilitated subgroups within these larger communities by looking within the larger society at such smaller groups as boy's gangs, aristocratic families, and mobs. By such exposure, Twain demonstrates that even modest familiarity with the patterns which govern group behavior will reveal the difficulty of an individual's achieving or maintaining moral integrity while a member of such a community, for the individual in each group is usually plied into conformity by a habit of unthinking acquiescence to the accepted code of the group and is trapped by a lack of courage to oppose this code when or if his conscience is aroused. Such communities are especially flawed, Twain suggests, because they nurture a moral apathy that anesthetizes the more acute and responsive individual conscience. Such characteristics of the morally degenerate community and the individual's relationship to it are especially evident in such fictional works by Twain as Huckleberry Finn, Pudd'nhead Wilson, and The Mysterious Stranger. Much has been written about Twain's felicitous choice of the young boy, Huck Finn, as narrator of his major novel. As the son of an outsider, the picaresque hero avoids acculturation, which allows him a look at society free of the taming effects of habit and liberated from an unquestioning acceptance of its standards. While Huck, for example, is sometimes amused, he more frequently is puzzled and irritated by the values of the society that tries to "sivilize" him. The community of St. Petersburg, convinced of the goodness of its values and of the patterns of conduct that it follows, tries to incorporate "poor, lost" Huck into its idea of community. But like the uncomfortable clothes of its inhabitants, patterns of community do not fit humanity in this society either. The Christian rituals have become empty of meaning, trivializing the moral sense instead of informing it, especially when confronted by the heinous practice of slavery. The major theme of the novel, the development of the individual conscience that finds itself in opposition to the affirmed values of society--especially with regard to slavery--has, of course, been thoroughly discussed elsewhere. However, an analysis of the behavioral codes of lesser groups within the society of the novel, an overlooked feature of scholarship in Twain's fiction, merits consideration. Although Huck is naturally critical of the society represented by the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson, he eagerly wishes, nonetheless, to belong to another community--a group of boys of his own age--Tom Sawyer's gang. This group, however, is nothing but a parody of the groups of the larger society which it tries to imitate in its "line of business"--robbery and murder. As leader, Tom Sawyer attempts to enforce a code taken from romantic novels. Any question of morality ("Must we always kill the people?") is swept aside to uphold the adopted pattern of conduct. The early activities of the group turn out to be rather harmless and assume their heroic character only in the imagination of their leader. The gang members themselves are intoxicated by their desire to belong and by their shared sense of excitement. …


Human influenza viruses have their ultimate origin in avian reservoirs and may adapt, either directly or after passage through another mammalian species, to circulate independently in the human population. Three sets of barriers must be crossed by a zoonotic influenza virus before it can become a human virus: animal-to-human transmission barriers; virus–cell interaction barriers; and human-to-human transmission barriers. Adaptive changes allowing zoonotic influenza viruses to cross these barriers have been studied extensively, generating key knowledge for improved pandemic preparedness. Most of these adaptive changes link acquired genetic alterations of the virus to specific adaptation mechanisms that can be screened for, both genetically and phenotypically, as part of zoonotic influenza virus surveillance


TWO DISTINCT LINES of attack are available for advancing the frontier in high-speed switching work. The most straightforward, but not necessarily easiest, method is to develop faster devices. This paper is devoted to the second method, that of devising circuits which better utilize the capabilities of existing devices.


Background: Vaginal candidiasis is the most common opportunistic mucosal infection that affects large numbers of healthy women of childbearing age. Candida is capable of causing various clinical manifestations ranging from mucocutaneous overgrowth to disseminated infection. This was a cross-sectional study conducted between September to December 2015. Aim of the study: To determine the prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates of vaginal swab among reproductive age women. Materials and Methods: Women within the age group of 15 to 45 years formed the population of this study. Socio-demographics information, were gotten through a standard questionnaire. Vaginal swabs were collected from each participant and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol. Identification of the isolates were based on morphological appearance, germ tube and chlamydospore formation. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by using the CLSI guidelines (CLSI, 2012). Results: Of the 246 participants who submitted vaginal swabs, yeasts was isolated in 47 (19.1%). Out of 47 yeasts isolates, 28 (11.4%) were Candida albicans while 19 (7.7%) were non- albicans Candida species (NAC). Antifungal susceptibility testing performed on C. albicans showed a high susceptibility to fluconazole 23/28 (82.1%) and nystatin 15/28 (53.6%) while NAC exhibited high resistance 4/19(21.1) and 2/19(10.5) to fluconazole and nystatin respectively. Conclusion: Hence, there is need to understand the pattern of antifungal susceptibility in our community in order to adequately check the spread of resistant species in this population.


Incessant ventricular tachycardia (VT) resistant to drug therapy usually occurs after a period during which increas- ingly frequent VT episodes are seen. It presents a partic- ularly difficult clinical management problem, and often requires consideration of a more radical therapeutic ap- proach directed toward permanent modification of the ar- rhythmogenic substrate. Both surgery and endocardial catheter ablation (ECA) have been utilized to treat intrac- table VT, but the success of ECA has not been consis- At


This study aims to determine the extent of implementation of the innovation one stop service at the Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I Non TPI Serang. This research uses descriptive method with qualitative approach. The technique of taking informants using snowball sampling technique combined with accidental sampling. This research was conducted at the Kantor Imigrasi Kelas I Serang  from April 22, 2019 until August 27, 2019. The data were collected by observation, interview and documentation. Based on the results of this study concluded 1) innovation that run was good enough, 2) services provided when running the innovation was already good. While that is a contributing factor in the implementation of this innovation is 1) a queue at the immigration quota is not too much so as to sum up the work of immigration officers, 2) Immigration Office adequate facility for the community. Then the inhibiting factor is the lack of clear information dissemination to the public.


Thin-film microstrip lines have been proposed in which microwave transmission lines and circuit elements are placed between or on the metal and insulating layered films on a GaAs substrate. These configurations are intended for size reduction of microwave circuits, realization of new circuit topologies, and improvement of design capability. On the other hand, the finite difference time-domain method has attracted attention as one of the general-purpose analysis methods for three-dimensional configurations. It has been demonstrated that this method is capable of analyzing substantially complex geometry.

However, in the conventional finite difference time-domain method, the conductors usually are treated as perfect and infinitely thin metals. Hence, the conventional method cannot be applied to the thin-film microstrip lines in which the conductor thickness cannot be neglected in comparison with the transmission line dimensions.

In the present study, the conductor thickness is taken into consideration and the formulation is carried out including the conductor loss. In the conductor, the discretization spacing is made sufficiently smaller than the conductor thickness while the discretization step is made larger where the field variation is gradual. In this way, the main storage capacity needed is reduced and the computation time is shortened.

Thin-film microstrip lines of several shapes are analyzed and the frequency characteristics of the transmission line parameters, the electromagnetic field distributions and the Poynting power distribution are derived. Thus, the validity of the method and its range of applications are shown.


The article discusses the category of gender in general monolingual explanatory dictionaries of Slovenian. Both the category of grammatical gender and the category of gender as a social phenomenon exert influence on the choice of data that are included in a lexicographic description and their structure in a dictionary entry. I emphasize the fact that the creation of dictionaries requires a high degree of social sensitivity, since users tend to perceive them as authoritative works reflecting the conceptual system of the language.


This study was designed to find out the relationship between types in leisure activities and college satisfaction of university students. The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the type in leisure activity, namely cultural & mass communication activities, social & hobbies activities and sports & outdoor actiities, on subordinative of college satisfaction such as social life, recognition, compensation, educational, environmental satisfaction. The major findings obtained from this study could be summarized as followings ' Participation in sports & outdoor activities of leisure activity of university students had significantly influences on college student satisfaction rather than that of others such as mass communication & hobbies, cultural & sacial activities of leisure activity of university students. According, there results supported the conclusion that participation in leisure activities such sports & outdoor activities increased the level of college student satisfaction, which improved 'quality of life' of university students.


Nash's final chapter, "The Poesie as Poetry," expands the argument somewhat by attempting to locate it in the context of Renaissance notions of poetic invention and interpretation. Moving between Lodovico Dolce's Dialogo dellapittura and Boccaccio's apology for poetry in the Genealogia deorum gentilium, the author presents her case for viewing Titian's "complex philosophical paintings" as mysteriously meant. Did not the painter, she asks, intend his audience to "pull back the larger veil of narrative that covers his favole in order to discover their secret, sacred meanings?" Despite her efforts, we remain unpersuaded and tend toward an answer in the negative. The possible meanings Nash discerns in Titian's paintings inhere in the myths themselves; they are part of the weight accumulated in the course of survival and accommodation through the Christian centuries. As such, they are available to any reading of any representations of the myths, regardless of artist.


Geoelectrical sounding method was adopted in the evaluation of aquifer protective capacity and corrosivity of near surface materials in Yenagoa city, South South, Nigeria. A total of eleven Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) stations were occupied using the Schlumberger configuration. Five geoelectric layers were identified. Layers four and five are the likely aquiferous horizons with resistivities >280 Sm. The depth to the aquiferous horizon varied between 6.0-52.0 m, and has a rather irregular distribution and thickness. Corrosivity, isopach and longitudinal unit conductance (S) maps were generated from the combination of first and second order geoelectric parameters. The results indicate that the INC and Opolo areas of the city are characterized by weak protective capacity (0.1-0.2 mhos) while other locations investigated are underlain by materials which could be regarded as moderate (0.2-0.69 mhos) to good (0.7-4.9 mhos) protective capacity. Resistivity values within the second layer (11.0-53.0 Sm) indicate that this layer is moderately aggressive and may likely form corrosion cells which may lead to significant corrosion failures of shallow subsurface piping facilities. The results of this study highlight a set of environmental factors (corrosivity and protective capacity) that should not be ignored at the planning stages of residential and industrial estates.


A discussion of the possible causes of the destruction of the city of Middelburg during the German invasion of the Netherlands, May 17, 1940.


In the context of our ongoing search for the neuronal correlates of consciousness (Crick and Koch, 1998, 1999), I discuss Jackendoff's "Intermediate Level Theory of Consciousness" as well as related work of others, that implies that we are not directly conscious of our thoughts. I apply this hypothesis to the visual system of the macaque monkey and discuss possible experimental tests.


The invention relates to a projection device for an image generating unit (102) of a head-up display (100). The projection device comprises at least one light source for emitting a light beam, at least one image forming unit for forming an image (112) using the light beam and at least a modulation unit, which is adapted to be suppressed by modulation of the light beam a speckle pattern in forming the image (112) ,


Despite the established guidelines on lower extremity free flap reconstruction by the British Orthopaedic Association Standard for Trauma (BOAST-4) the post-operative care has yet to be standardised. There is currently no coherent evidence in the literature regarding clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression; the optimal regimes and their respective physiological benefits. The aim of this study is to survey all UK Major Trauma Centres (MTCs) with regards to the post-operative care of lower extremity free flaps and elucidate the current protocols for clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression.All UK-based adult MTCs were surveyed. We formulated a detailed questionnaire to enquire about the post-operative care of lower extremity free flap reconstructions; the number of free flap reconstructions per month and take backs per month and for which post-operative methods a protocol is used in each MTC. We asked specific questions concerning: clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression. This questionnaire was distributed to consultant leads in the form of multiple choice questions, with an option of free-text box for further comments, using JISC online surveys. Results were analysed in Excel and presented in percentages.The 28 adult MTCs were contacted. The results showed a lack of formal regional protocols with great variability, suggesting there is no general consensus on post-operative care of lower extremity free flap reconstructions with regards to clinical monitoring, warming, dangling and compression.This survey of UK MTCs on the post-operative protocols for lower extremity free flap reconstruction demonstrated lack of evidence, consensus and large variability in common practice which requires standardisation.


Primary care clinicians (PCCs), despite regular access to families with young children, lack a cohesive model for approaching office visits regarding excess weight. Using the 2007 Expert Committee's Recommendations, a set of clinician guidelines on the standard of care for managing childhood obesity, we developed high quality intervention tools for PCC use to direct behavior modification in families with children 2 to 11 years old. We piloted modularized counseling sessions with accompanying educational handouts. To date, we have interviewed 77 families on the counseling sessions and resources. The feedback we obtained guided development of office visit modules and of parental educational materials. On average, motivated families that returned to the clinic needed to complete only 3 to 4 modules, setting 3 goals per visit, to successfully incorporate recommendations into the child's daily life. Of families that returned for follow up visits 41.5%, 37.7%, 13%, and 5.2%, of families completed 2, 3, 4, or 5 office visits respectively. Additionally, of families that attended follow up visits 50%, 37.9%, 60% and 75% of children reduced their BMI percentile as they attended the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th office visits, respectively. In total, 47% of children attending office visits have either maintained or reduced their BMI.


Exposure of mice to different serotypes of E. coli bacteria, either O4 or O6, resulted in an enhanced indirect IgG-PFC response to the alternate bacteria. This effect seemed to be mediated by a protein connected with the endotoxin structure. This protein moiety had some weak adjuvant activities and increased the antibody response against sheep red blood cell about two-fold. This effect was not likely to be due to any contamination with the B-cell mitogen lipid A, a constituent of the endotoxin from which the protein was isolated.

In addition, experiments were performed in which irradiated spleen cells (0–400 R) from mice injected with E. coli O4 bacteria were transferred to irradiated (800 R) recipients together with E. coli O6 bacteria. Decreasing numbers of antibody forming cells with increasing irradiation dose were found. The parallel experiment employing E. coli O6 bacteria for both primary and secondary antigen injections revealed an increased immune response for an irradiation dose of 50 R, showing that suppressor cells are more irradiation sensitive than the other cells involved in this immune response, but that the effect of such cells is possibly overcome by the influence of the protein residue isolated from endotoxin.

A secondary response to E. coli O6 bacteria was also noted in agreement with previous results. It was found that this immune response could be reduced drastically by injecting primed thymocytes, simultaneously with the second injection.


This study was conducted to derive the regional design rainfall by the regional frequency analysis based on the regionalization of the precipitation. The optimal regionalization of the precipitation data were classified by the above mentioned regionalization for all over the regions except Jeju and Ulleung islands in Korea. Design rainfalls following the consecutive duration were derived by the regional analysis using the observed and simulated data resulted from Monte Carlo techniques. Relative root mean square error (RRMSE), relative bias (RBIAS) and relative reduction (RR) in RRMSE for the design rainfall were computed and compared between the regional and at-site frequency analysis. It has shown that the regional frequency analysis procedure can substantially more reduce the RRMSE, RBIAS and RR in RRMSE than those of at-site analysis in the prediction of design rainfall. Consequently, optimal design rainfalls following the classified regions and consecutive durations were derived by the regional frequency analysis using Generalized extreme value distribution which was identified to be more optimal one than the other applied distributions. Diagrams for the design rainfall derived by the regional frequency analysis using L-moments were drawn according to the regions and consecutive durations by GIS techniques.


In this paper, we describe a model for the relationship between the occupancy pattern of a species on a landscape and imperfect observations of its presence or absence. The structure in the observation process is incorporated generatively, and environmental inputs are incorporated discriminatively. Our experiments on synthetic data compare two methods for training this model under various regularization schemes. Our results suggest that maximizing the expected log-likelihood of the observations and the unknown true occupancy produces parameter estimates that are closer to the truth than maximizing the conditional likelihood of the observations alone.


The synthesis of 40 fungitoxic analogues of the systemic fungicides N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-methoxyethy1)formamide and triforine is described. The compounds comprise N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-alkoxyethy1)formamides and related alkylaminoethyl, alkylthioethyl and arylthioethyl derivatives.


The Raman polymerization index (or IP value) is often used as a positive indicator of the firing temperature of the glazes of ancient ceramics. Previous studies have also reported that the IP value was negatively correlated with the chemical composition of the glaze. However, these findings were derived from data on the potential integrative effects of temperature and composition. To explore their individual effects, we prepared celadon glaze samples with controlled composition and firing temperatures. Particularly, according to the typical content of K2O and CaO in celadon glaze, four categories, or, in total, fifteen compositional formulations, were designed, and each formulation was fired at multiple temperatures (from 1180 to 1250 °C by 10 °C). The chemical compositions and the glassy matrix of samples were analyzed by an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. A positive correlation between firing temperature and IP value (correlation coefficient = 0.56) was detected only in the samples with low contents of K2O and CaO. However, no significant correlation was found when combining the samples with broad variation in chemical composition. Additionally, both the K2O content and CaO content were negatively related to the IP value, with regression coefficients of −9.645 and −5.332, respectively. Our results help to clarify the technology of ancient ceramic production and to improve its preservation.


The implementation of an inexpensive small sampling oscilloscope in a probe requires integration of all relevant system functions on one single 5 V chip. This chip is also useful for many other applications, e.g., PC measurement boards with more than one channel. The function of the IC is as follows. After loading the control registers for time base, trigger level, trigger mode and input voltage range, recording of the input voltage is started by the trigger pulse and completed when the 6 b data from the A/D converter is written to the embedded SRAM 128 times. Then a microcontroller reads the stored data that is processed and sent to the LCD and optionally to a serial PC port. To save power, current-consuming analog circuitry is only activated during the short data recording time. The chip uses a 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS technology that includes implanted poly resistors, poly-poly capacitors and depletion FETs with Vth=1.8 V for analog applications. The chip is packaged in a PLCC44.


Let us be given two graphs $\Gamma_1$, $\Gamma_2$ of $n$ vertices. Are they isomorphic? If they are, the set of isomorphisms from $\Gamma_1$ to $\Gamma_2$ can be identified with a coset $H\cdot\pi$ inside the symmetric group on $n$ elements. How do we find $\pi$ and a set of generators of $H$?
The challenge of giving an always efficient algorithm answering these questions remained open for a long time. Babai has recently shown how to solve these problems -- and others linked to them -- in quasi-polynomial time, i.e. in time $\exp\left(O(\log n)^{O(1)}\right)$. His strategy is based in part on the algorithm by Luks (1980/82), who solved the case of graphs of bounded degree.


Stroke is a complicated neurological disease and the second leading cause of death in the world. We aimed to investigate the association between CYP24A1 genetic polymorphisms and ischemic stroke risk.


To examine the relationship between product secondary minerals and dissolution of anorthite (Ar5rAb, from Fugoppe, Hokkaido, Japan), anorthite batch dissolution experiments were carried out. The dissolution experiments were done at 90. 150. and 210'C for 3 to 355 days at pH 4.56 measured at25 "C. which comesponds to 220.127.116.11, and 5.40 at the respective experimental temperatures. A sequence of secondary minerals including boehmite, "modified boehmite," and kaolinite formed with increasing time. Modified boehmite, probably a metastable phase, is basically similar to boehmite in structure, but their stacking orders of the Al octahedral layers as well as morphologies and chemistries are different. Modified boehmite shows laminations normal to the b* axis and contains 3 to 30 molVo Si. Silicon may be present between the Al octahedral layers of modified boehmite. The anorthite dissolution is incongruent under the above conditions and approximated by a two-stage process. The first is characterized by the formation of boehmite, and the second by formation of modified boehmite. The dissolution rate in the second stage is slower than the first by approximately one order of magnitude because of the saturation state with respect to anorthite. To estimate the effect of the formation of secondary minerals on the anorthite dissolution, Gibbs free energies of anorthite dissolution (AG) were calculated, assuming conditions without the formation of secondary minerals. The calculations reveal that the formation of secondary minerals decreases the AG values significantly, and thus we can predict that the dissolution rates of anorthite increase due to the influence of the secondary minerals on AG. Modified boehmite functions as a sink for Si, and thus accelerates the dissolution rate of anorthite. The results indicate that the overall dissolution rate near equilibrium is affected by both the saturation with respect to a primary mineral and the formation of secondary minerals, but in the opposite sense.


In this review we describe what is recently known about the origin of free nucleic acids in human circulation, which processes can cause the elevations of their total concentrations and the alterations in the ratios among different types of circulating nucleic acids in human plasma and serum. We focus on the inflammatory response and apoptosis with regard to changes in the quantity and quality of circulating nucleic acids pool. We discuss the use of cell-free nucleic acids as biomarkers in patients with renal failure not only in hemodialysis but also in peritoneal dialysis with regard to future perspectives on the field of cell-free nucleic acids.


Received for publication July 18, 1951. * Present address: Evans Memorial Hospital, 65 E. Newton St., Boston, Mass. t Present address: Dept. of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati General Hosp., Cincinnati 29, Ohio. The authors wish to express their thanks to the many persons whose interest and help made this work possible: Col. W. M. Blunt, Commanding Officer, Camp Carson; Col. T. E. Harwood, Jr., Post Surgeon; Lt. Col. James M. Blanton, Chief of the Medical Service; Capt. Howard C. Coggeshall, Officer in Charge of Acute Respiratory Diseases; Col. H. H. Twitchell, Chief Surgeon of Second Air Force, Peterson Field, Colo.; Maj. I. M. Dixson, Chief of Medical Service, Peterson Field; and the many other officers and men at Camp Carson who assisted in these studies. The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance in the laboratory of V. G. Hamburger, S. Juster, M. E. Koshlund, M. Moorvitch and M. Smith. We are grateful to Mr. William Kruskal, Instructor, Statistics, for his statistical evaluation of the data.


To implement millimeter wave photonic links using high speed optical modulators, RF input efficiency to the modulator is an important consideration. In this paper we discuss design and fabrication of ultra high speed multiple quantum well electro-absorption modulators for narrow band applications up to 40 GHz. In order to obtain higher RF efficiency at working frequencies of 20 GHz, 25 GHz and 40 GHz, modulators with monolithically integrated matching circuits were designed and fabricated utilizing co-planar waveguide MMIC technologies. Measurement results show excellent matching at specific frequencies with S11 of -16 dB for the 20 GHz devices, -20 dB for the 25 GHz devices and -36 dB for the 40 GHz devices. At least 6 dB of improvement on optical modulation efficiency can be expected over modulators without impedance matching.


The present invention a plasma air purifier at regular intervals with a certain spacing between the electrode portion 101 (101 ') provided at both sides disposed the discharge electrode 102 is applied with a high voltage, and between the discharge electrode (102) therefore consists of the inner surface (103b) and an outer surface and (103c) arranged the collecting electrode 103 of the rod-shaped so that the collecting surface, the discharge electrode 102 and the collecting electrode 103 without a separate housing between the plasma air side becoming a compact design in response to the slimming of the air conditioning indoor unit that is cleaner is mountable, as well as the lower surface of the collecting electrode 103, the plasma discharge according to the formed collecting electrode 103 is long in a bar shape having a rectangular cross-section and electric lines of force are formed in the dust collection efficiency is significantly improved according to the doeeojim increase the absorption area.


In this study, experimental performance analysis of a solar assisted heat pump space heating system (SAHPSHS) installed in Antalya was performed for low (mean value of 55 W/m), moderate (mean value of 465 W/m) and high (mean value of 810 W/m) solar radiation. Antalya has a moderate climate and high solar radiation in winter thus, the highest heating requirement occurs after the sunset. Therefore, unlike common solar-assisted heat pump systems, a storage tank with 2-ton capacity was used for heat storage. The system was designed to operate also on the days when the solar radiation was insufficient thus, the tank temperature was lower than the limit value. In such days, storage tank was supplied by the city water as an auxiliary thermal source. For the performance evaluation, energy and exergy analysis is conducted. Thus, the coefficient of performance (COP) of heat pump and overall system and the exergy destruction rate of each component are determined. It is found out that the highest exergy destruction was occurred in the evaporator.


In 100 consecutive kidney transplantations, uretero-pyelostomy was performed in 32 instances, and uretero-cystostomy in 68. In three instances the method of uretero-cystostomy was Marshall-Paquin uretero-vesico-plasty and in 65 simple implantation using a technique similar to that described by Woodruff et al. Urinary leakage occurred in 11 of the 32 uretero-pyelostomy patients with functioning transplants: in none of the 3 patients with Marshall-Paquin uretero-vesicoplasty and only in 5 of the 60 patients with simple implantation. Incidence of urinary leakage was not related to the nature of the transplant—whether from living or cadaver donor, nor to the time of nephrectomy, nor to the use of intraductal drainage. Urinary leakage occurred in the absence of infection or rejection phenomena.Treatment of urinary leakage was, in most cases, surgical and, with one exception, effective. No patient died within 6 weeks from urological complications. No transplant loss followed urological complications.It is concl...


As part of a shared contribution to the Yeats 2015 celebrations and as part of the Abbey Theatre and NUI Galway Digital Archive Partnership that ran from 2012 to 2015, the theater's minute books for the W.B. Yeats years were digitized and made accessible online. There are seven books, comprising nearly a thousand pages in all.1 They begin in 1904, when Yeats cofounded the Abbey with Lady Augusta Gregory and conclude in 1939, the year of his death. The minute books are written from the perspective of the board of directors and the management of the theater, and as such, they provide insight into the Abbey's day-to-day business. Despite the formality of tone inherent in the process of recording minutes for board meetings, the Abbey Theatre Minute Books are unexpectedly insightful and revealing of character. Yeats is the sole constant from the company's genesis up to January 1939, when the minutes record Lennox Robinson's odyssey to France to try to repatriate the body of his old friend and defender.2 But the minute books also provide a nuanced picture of power dynamics and relationships during this period in the theater's history. In that context, one larger-than-life personality conspicuously dominates the period from 1935 to Yeats's death and beyond—one who is rarely noted as an influence on the theater's policies but who appears involved in every aspect of the Abbey's artistic and business affairs: the poet F. R. Higgins, whose micromanagement of life in the theater is meticulously detailed during his six-year tenancy on the board and as manager, up to January 1941. Despite his ubiquitous presence, Higgins does not feature heavily in the narratives written about this period of the Abbey's history. Ernest Blythe, the manager from 1941 to 1967, was undoubtedly the most significant influence in the middle years of the century, but the minute books demonstrate that Higgins was integral to shaping the Abbey's artistic policies from the thirties to the early


It is requested graduate students of TCM major not only have certain rationale,but also have fairy doughty practical performance ability,and be the admove talent with new psychic.Therefore,it put forward higher requirements to cultivate and raise practical performance ability of students.In the practice we found that conducting and encouraging students attend misc teachers scientific research can cultivate and raise practical performance ability of students.While for this problem of encourage students attend misc teachers scientific research,it is requested match with each other of teachers,management and students,management own conducting effect,like a bridge,and teachers own leading effect,and need students positive participate.


This paper reviews a range of strategies aimed at improving female participation in ICT studies and careers and illuminates the crossovers that occur as governments, universities, industry and other actors seek effective solutions to a dilemma that exceeds a simple dichotomy of gender and technology. Whilst the particular milieu for which this review has been conducted - an educationally and otherwise disadvantaged area of Melbourne, Australia - entails a focus on girls from families with low socio-economic status (SES), and on those exposed to educational disadvantage, the 'problem' of girls and technology is by no means limited to those groups. The review and its proposed recommendations therefore aim to assist secondary level educators, educational authorities, ICT industry and ICT policy developers in their efforts to attract more girls to ICT studies.


Using young tamarind cotyledon nodes as the test material, the effects of different basic culture media, hormone concentrations, and seedling states on bud induction and different hormones on root induction were studied. The results showed that the optimum medium for inducting the adventitious bud of tamarind is 6-BA 3.0 mg/l + NAA 0.5 mg/l. The most suitable seedling state for bud induction was the S3 seedling whose cotyledon exited the seed shell completely and whose true leaves were not open. The S3 seedling had the best adventitious bud induction rate of 100% and a proliferation coefficient of up to 4.1. In addition, the appropriate rooting medium was ½MS + IBA 2.0 mg/l.


The invention discloses a method for measuring the fuel consumption and discharge of a hybrid electromobile, which comprises the following steps of: determining the rated capacity of a battery pack; discharging or charging the battery pack until the state of charge (SOC) reaches the preset starting SOC; determining measured values of the fuel consumption and tail gas discharge of the hybrid electromobile in the running process; determining the stopping SOC of the battery pack; when the stopping SOC is equal to the starting SOC, determining that the true value of the fuel consumption is the measured value of the fuel consumption and the true value of the tail gas discharge is the measured value of the tail gas discharge, and otherwise, calculating electric energy for being outputted to theoutside by batteries or inputted to the batteries from the outside; determining the quantitative relation between the electric energy and the fuel consumption and discharge; and when the stopping SOCis less than the starting SOC, adding the fuel consumption and discharge corresponding to the reduced electric energy to the measured value to form the true fuel consumption and discharge, and when the stopping SOC is more than the starting SOC, subtracting the fuel consumption and discharge corresponding to the increased electric energy from the measured value to form the true fuel consumption and discharge. In the method, the energy conversion efficiency of the batteries is considered, so the measured value is true and accurate.


We will review the main channels of gamma ray emission due to the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays, discussing the cases of both galactic and extra-galactic cosmic rays and their connection with gamma rays observations.


A directed generative model for binary data using a small number of hidden continuous units is investigated. A clipping nonlinearity distinguishes the model from conventional principal components analysis. The relationships between the correlations of the underlying continuous Gaussian variables and the binary output variables are utilized to learn the appropriate weights of the network. The advantages of this approach are illustrated on a translationally invariant binary distribution and on handwritten digit images.


In this paper, we propose multidimensional (MD) linear-phase perfect reconstruction filter banks (LPPRFBs) with higher order feasible (HOF) building blocks. Since existing HOF building blocks are only applicable for one-dimensional LPPRFBs, we generalize them to MD LPPRFBs. The generalized structure can design MD LP-PRFBs with HOF building blocks for both even and odd number of channels. The proposed MD-LPPRFBs realize large filter sizes with fewer number of building blocks than the traditional order-1 structures.


The findings are indeed very interesting. Though entirely believable, the findings show that there is a marked significant influence of the RMB on the currencies of those countries with which the PRC has moderate to high trade relations (perhaps also capital investments, not examined in the paper). Those countries are Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, and the Philippines, with large trade relations (and unknown capital flows). Hong Kong should have an influence from the RMB in the same period but then the Hong Kong dollar is pegged to the US$, so this will not show up in the results.


{gamma}-ray spectroscopy of high-spin states of the neutron-deficient nucleus {sup 189}Pb has been conducted with the {sup 158}Gd({sup 36}Ar,5n) and {sup 164}Er({sup 29}Si,4n) reactions. With the first of these, detection of evaporation residues and mass gating were used to unambiguously assign a number of prompt {gamma}-ray transitions to {sup 189}Pb. With the second reaction and a pulsed beam, an isomer with a mean life of 32 {mu}s was found. Although inconclusive, the available evidence favors identification of the isomer with the (33/2){sup +} state of the {nu}(i{sub 13/2}){sup -3} configuration. The levels observed below the isomer can be identified with states involving three different structures: the neutron (i{sub 13/2}){sup -3} multiplet in the spherical well; a prolate-deformed band involving mixed i{sub 13/2} neutron orbitals; and a state with the oblate {pi}(2p-2h){sub 0{sup +}}x{nu}(i{sub 13/2}){sup -1} configuration. The evidence for structures associated with different shapes is supported by the observation of E0 components in some of the J{sup {pi}}{yields}J{sup {pi}} transitions linking them.


This book explores the use of iris recognition for person identification. Description of different methods of iris recognition is presented and discussed. The image acquisition system is developed and the benchmark iris databases, SCOE-Iris v1.0 have been explained. New methods for iris liveness detection are presented. In iris images the irregular boundaries of pupil are segmented using histogram and edge detection based method. The detail experimentations were carried out using different mother wavelets: Haar, Daubechies, Coiflet, Symlet and Biorthogonal. In addition a new robust algorithm for iris feature extraction utilizing dual tree complex wavelet transform has been presented and evaluated in terms of its speed, accuracy and efficiency. The technique developed provides better performance and is faster as compared to other algorithms.


The presentation discusses the requirements on the characteristics of antenna and RFsubsystem of a FMCW Imaging Radar with respect to t he dynamic range and presents the design of an advanced demonstrator. The discussion is based on experience with the HiVision-Radar system /1/ which observes the ground from an elevated position (e.g. airborne platform, see also /2/) and employs a frequency sca nned antenna producing a narrow beam in azimuth with fan beam pattern in elevation.


School of Community Health Sciences, Ozmen Institute for Global Studies, Nevada Center for Surveys, Evaluation, and Statistics, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA; Department of Psychology, Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA Contributions: (I) Conception and design: E Crosbie; (II) Administrative support: E Crosbie; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: E Crosbie, VB Dahir; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: E Crosbie, E Wood, VB Dahir; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: E Crosbie, E Wood, KM Snider, VB Dahir; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Eric Crosbie, PhD. Assistant Professor, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com.


We give a brief review a quantum stabilization method for the SU(2) ae-model, based on the constant-cutofi limit of the cutofi quantization method developed by Balakrishna et al., which avoids the di‐culties with the usual soliton boundary conditions pointed out by Iwasaki and Ohyama. We then study the radiative decays of hyperons in the constant-cutofi approach to the bound state soliton model, developed by Callan, Hornbostel and Klebanov. The results for the total decay widths and the E2/M1 ratios, corresponding to decouplet-to-octet electromagnetic transitions, are obtained in a qualitative agreement with the results obtained using constant-cutofi approach to the SU(3) collective model, the complete Skyrme models and quark-based models. PACS numbers: 12.40 UDC 539.126


Aim and Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate how different types of goals may affect the satisfaction in life of Brazilian emerging adults in different developmental stages and, what characteristics they associate with adulthood. Method: Participants were 970 Brazilian youth aged from 18 to 30 years old (M = 22.8; SD = 3.4). The instruments we used were a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Aspiration Index and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. We performed a descriptive statistical analysis to elicit the characteristics related with becoming an adult, as well as ANOVAs to test if there was a difference between the endorsement of intrinsic or extrinsic goals based on sociodemographic characteristics; and if there was a difference, did it affect their satisfaction with life. Results: Results showed that the most important characteristic to be considered an adult was to be financially independent and to be responsible for oneself, while the least important were to be married and to have children. There was a significant difference in the importance participants gave to intrinsic goals based on sex and age. Consistently with previous research, we found that giving greater importance to intrinsic goals had a positive and significant effect on life satisfaction. However, different sets of goals were deemed important according to the developmental stage youth were in, and these changes had in turn a significant effect on life satisfaction. Conclusions: Finally, we found that prioritizing intrinsic goals contributes to greater life satisfaction in general. This study acknowledges that there are individual and contextual factors that may propel youth to choose their goals in order to attend these demands, regardless of their impact on life satisfaction.


This issue of Open Praxis compiles selected papers presented at the Open Education Consortium Global Conference, held in Krakow (Poland) on April 12-14, 2016.


After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,the government was faced with serious financial difficulties,the fiscal revenue had dropped sharply while expenditures increased.As the Finance Minister,H.H.Kung faced great pressure.He drew on the experiences abroad and thought that an increase in revenue had no more than three sources: straightening out revenue,collecting debt both at home and abroad and increasing notes issuance.Of those three ways,he attached great importance to the first two,and thought issuing notes could easily trigger inflation and financial disorder.Therefore,he adopted the increase of tax and the debt collection to increase revenue early in the war.Although these measures had achieved a certain degree of success,but still fell far short of revenue expectations.The budget deficit remained high.In the absence of other effective measures,H.H.Kung had taken a very reluctant approach:increasing notes issuance in the late the war.


Zolpidem (AMBIEN®), an imidazopyridine, is now the most commonly prescribed hypnotic in the United States. Zolpidem is neuropharmacologically distinct from benzodiazepine hypnotics in that it binds with low affinity to α5‐containing GABAA‐receptor subtypes. Despite its unique benzodiazepine‐receptor binding profile, the results of most of the published studies conducted with humans suggest that the absolute magnitude of impairment produced by zolpidem is comparable to that observed with benzodiazepine hypnotics like triazolam. The present study compared the acute effects of zolpidem (0, 7.5, 15 and 22.5 mg) and triazolam (0, 0.1875, 0.375 and 0.5625 mg) in 10 non‐drug‐abusing humans using a Digit‐Enter‐and‐Recall task with varying delay intervals (0, 10 and 20 s). To more fully characterize the behavioral effects of zolpidem and triazolam, several other performance tasks and subject‐rated drug‐effect questionnaires were included. Zolpidem and triazolam impaired performance on the Digit‐Enter‐and‐Recall task as a function of dose under all delay intervals. However, the dose‐related effects of the drugs interacted differentially with the delay interval such that zolpidem produced significantly less impairment than triazolam following the longest delay (i.e., 20 s). Zolpidem and triazolam produced comparable dose‐related impairment on the digit symbol substitution test (DSST), circular lights task, and picture recall/recognition task. Zolpidem and triazolam generally produced qualitatively and quantitatively similar subject‐rated drug effects, although some between‐drug differences were observed. Consistent with the pharmacokinetics of these drugs, the effects of zolpidem peaked sooner and were shorter in duration than those observed with triazolam. The results of this experiment suggest that zolpidem may have less potential than triazolam to impair recall, which may be due to differences between these compounds in terms of their benzodiazepine‐receptor binding profile. The results of the present study are also concordant with previous studies that found that drugs that act at the GABAA‐receptor complex can be differentiated based on their interaction with the delay interval on a Digit‐Enter‐and‐Recall task. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Galway, Ireland CCN1 Coating Allows Successful Re-Endothelialization of Ovine Decellularized Heart Valves with Endothelial Cells Differentiated from Circulating EPC in vitro Andres Hilfiker, Alexandru Calistru, Tanja Meyer, Axel Haverich email@example.com Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Hannover, Germany, Clinic of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, MHH, Hannover, Germany


A phenomenal winter cluster of three large bird species of prey such as Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), White-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) and Steller's sea eagle (H. pelagicus) is recorded on Lake Kurilskoye more than 40 years annually. The Steller's sea eagle is a dominant species. The long-term dynamics of Steller's sea eagle number on Lake Kurilskoye demonstrates obvious connection between the number of birds and sockeye salmon producers (Oncorhynchus nerka). However, no statistical data processing was carried out and the significance of this relationship was unknown. The correlation coefficient between the number of Steller's sea eagles and sockeye salmon that came to spawn during 1976–2008 was 0.673. It indicates the significant relationship between the number of fish and large bird species of prey wintering on the lake. At the same time, it was found that the correlation indicators changed functionally in different periods of time.


A new finite element formulation was developed to simulate the prepreg resin impregnation effect in vacuum-assisted resin infusion/prepreg co-curing process. The numerical model combined the fiber compaction and resin flow model in prepreg part with resin impregnation front tracking model in dry fiber fabric. The influences of processing parameters, including various temperature and time, on the impregnation height in dry fiber fabric and change of fiber volume fraction in prepreg stack were analyzed by numerical model and micrographs in experiment. The accuracy of numerical model was validated by the good agreement between simulation and experimental results. These results are greatly helpful to optimize processing parameters and improve the manufacturing efficiency in co-cured vacuum-assisted resin infusion process.


The dissociation constants of the 4-phosphonato-2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine ligand were measured by pH−NMR and potentiometric titration methods. The 4-phosphonato-2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine ligand shows...


In this paper, we study the problem of survivable virtual optical network (VON) mapping against single link failure with shared backup path protection (SBPP) in elastic optical networks. We formulate this problem with an integer linear programming (ILP) model to minimize the resource consumption of both working and backup paths. A different dynamic cost model (DDCM) for each sharable frequency slot (FS) is proposed with the consideration of the flexibility and integrity of VON request. We also propose a shared protection VON mapping (SPVM) algorithm based on DDCM, together with a baseline algorithm for comparison. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm achieves near optimal results comparing with ILP solution in small-scale network, and also outperforms baseline scheme in terms of blocking probability, resource utilization and backup resource reservation in large-scale network.


To investigate the role of interleukin 18 (IL-18) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN),the level of plasma IL-18 and expression of IL-18 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were evaluat ed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and r everse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively in 16 healthy volunteers and 18 patients with LN The results showed that expression of IL-18 mRNA in PBMC and plasma level of IL-18 from patie nts with LN were increased significantly when compared with those of healthy con trols [1 262±0 189 vs 0 844±0 155, P 0 001;([BFQ ]822 09±532 77) pg/ml vs (239 57±75 06) pg/ml, P 0 001] Moreover,they were further higher in patients with WHO type IV LN when compared with those of non-IV LN Moreover,they were further higher in patients with WHO type IV LN when compared with those of non-IV LN [1 329±0 21 vs 1 138±0 1523, P 0 05;[BF ](1135 54±515 34) pg/ml vs (508 65±341 36) p g/ml, P 0 01] Spearman correlation analysis showed that th e plasma levels of IL-18 were correlated positively with activity index of LN and the degree of tubulointerstitial lesion (Spearman correlation coefficient r =0 610,0 499,respectively , P 0 05).Pearson correlation analysis also showed that the plasma IL-18 levels were correlated with Scr,Ccr and 24 hour urinary protein qu antity (24 h UPQ).Pearson correlation coe fficient ( r =0 898,-0 628 and 0 537 respectively, P 0 05) Spearman correlation analysis showed that th e plasma levels of IL-18 were correlated positively with activity index of LN and the degree of tubulointerstitial lesion (Spearman correlation coefficient r =0 610,0 499,respectively , P 0 05).Pearson correlation analysis also showed that the plasma IL-18 levels were correlated with Scr,Ccr and 24 hour urinary protein qu antity (24 h UPQ).Pearson correlation coe fficient ( r =0 898,-0 628 and 0 537 respectively, P 0 05) It concludes that evaluated expression and secretion of IL-18 in periphera l blood may play an important role in the pathogenesis of LN -


With the coming into force of the standard IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments, in January 2018, financial institutions passed from an incurred loss model to a forward-looking model for the computation of impairment losses. As such, the IFRS 9 models use point-in-time, estimates of Probability of Default and Loss Given Default and provide a more faithful representation of the credit risk at a given as they are based on past experiences as well as the most recent and forecasted economic conditions. However, given the short-term fluctuations in the macroeconomic conditions, the final outcome of the Expected credit loss models is highly volatile due to their sensitivity to the business cycle. With regard to Probability of Default estimation under IFRS 9, the most commonly methods are: Markov Chains, Survival Analysis and single-factor models (Vasicek and Z-Shift). The development of the score-cards is still the same as in the case of the Internal Ratings Based Probability of Default models, encouraging institutions to use the already available credit rating systems and perform adjustment to the calibration. This paper outlines a non-exhaustive list of quantitative validation tests would satisfy the requirements of the IFRS 9 standard.


Recently, the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) multiplexing technique has been gaining much attention for achieving very high speed data transmissions in a bandlimited wireless channel. However, if single-carrier (SC) transmission is used, the bit error rate (BER) performance significantly degrades due to inter-symbol interference (ISI) resulting from a severe frequency- selective fading channel. Recently, we proposed a frequency-domain iterative parallel interference cancellation (PIC) for SC-MIMO multiplexing to separate signals transmitted from different antennas while achieving frequency and antenna diversity gain. In this paper, we present a frequency-domain iterative successive interference cancellation (SIC) and evaluate, by computer simulation, the BER performance in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel.


Inspired by the green communication trend of next-generation wireless networks, we select energy-efficient throughput as optimization metric for jointly optimizing sensing time and working sensors in cooperative cognitive radio networks. Specifically, an iterative algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal values for these two parameters. Specifically, the proposed iterative algorithm is low complexity when compares to the exhaustive search method, and very easy to be implemented. Finally, simulation results reveal that the proposed optimization improves the energyefficient throughput significantly when the sensing time and working sensors are jointly optimized.


The surface of pointed-green pepper developed a smooth and transparent edible film when it was coated by Chitosan.The experiments prove that when pointed-green pepper were coated by 2 % Chitosan solution with tartaric acid as the solvent after 8 d-10 d storage at normal temperature, the moisture lossing ,respairation intensity of pointed-green pepper in testing group were much lower than contrast group and chlorophyll content, fruit hardness of the former were much higher than the latter .


ing Services, was issued by Himwich et al. [1]. This study attempted to determine the coverage of biomedical periodical titles by the existing indexing and abstracting services. It also sought to determine the coverage of individual journal articles by these services. A composite list of journal titles was constructed using the published lists of the journals indexed or abstracted by Quarterly Cumulative Index Medicus, Current List of Medical Literature, and Excerpta Medica. The lists from Index-Catalogue, Biological Abstracts, and Chemical Abstracts were checked for titles relevant to medical interests; these titles were added to the composite list. Bibliographic data for each title were then collected and coded on IBM cards, using the collections of the Armed Forces Medical Library, the Welch Medical Library (Johns Hopkins University), and the Library of the American Medical Association. Once compiled, the data were sorted for combinations of code information producing various results; among these was the overlap in coverage by indexing and abstracting


Multidimensional analysis the compilation in library,consider that collective work should gain the copyright protection,compilation process will encounter a variety of intellectual property risks,such as,the risk of infringement in pseudo-documents cataloging,the risk of improper use of the bibliographic data,the infringement in the process of compiling the secondary literature,the risk in the translation and compilation.


Bath buildings are found throughout the Roman Empire and, although often subject to local influences, remain a key indicator of Romanized culture. Drawing on substantial original research, this work examines the origins and development of this distinctive building type in an area of Southwest Turkey where numerous city states vied with each other in the construction of public monuments. New plans and photographs present the full range of Lycian bath buildings and reveals chronological variation in construction techniques. By comparing their forms to local Hellenistic buildings and other examples in Asia Minor, the author suggests that Roman officials from Central Italy may have been the main sponsors. A final chapter considers how Roman bathing habits fitted into the lively sporting life of Asia Minor under the Empire, with its strong emphasis on gymnasia and athletic festivals.


Authentication of identity has become inextricably associated with individual access to government services and the assertion of rights that enhance participation, inclusion and protection from discrimination. Governments in the developing world increasingly acknowledge the role of official identification (ID) in promoting development, providing data for national planning, and facilitating social integration. Many African countries have embraced identification as a critical tool for achieving these goals and begun establishing new ID systems, taking advantage of new technologies and a conducive donor environment. The World Bank Group's Identification for Development (ID4D) initiative reflects this growing consensus. Collaborating with country partners around the world, it has sought to identify opportunities and challenges in different contexts. For example, digital identity can hasten the pace of progress by improving delivery of safety net services to the poor, advance financial inclusion, support agriculture development, and strengthen electoral voting. But according to a recent ID4D Annual Report, about 1.1 billion people live without official identities globally. The populations who could benefit the most from an ID are often those most likely to lack one. This can entrench the marginalization of women, the disabled, identity-based minorities, displaced persons, rural communities and other populations. Lack of ID makes it difficult for these individuals to access social protection, education, health care, or financial services. They may be unable to vote in elections or cross borders legally. This results in systematic economic, political, and social exclusion. It also exacerbates ongoing governance challenges such as corruption, ineffective program targeting, and the evaluation of developmental progress due to unreliable data.


Has the rapprochement between the United States and Great Britain since the First World War been responsible for a re-assessment of the history of the American Revolution and George Ill's part in it? If so, has this re-assessment followed a sounder historiography than that formerly employed in the writing of the American Revolution, or, is it represented simply by a rewriting of revolutionary history in terms of a friendlier climate between the two countries? The thesis seeks to find any conscious motivation that has prompted writers in the past thirty years to reassess the history of the American Revolution. The thesis limits itself to their treatment of George III in order that the final evidence can be pinpointed in terms of one person and the influences upon the treatment of this historical person and his actions assessed and applied to the entirety of the writing of the American history of the past thirty years. The references treated are of two kinds: works in historiography during and before the period covered by the thesis since they supply the point of view of the historical discipline and serve as a point of departure for examining the period 1920-1950, and evidence of any de facto re-assessment. In dealing with the second group of UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA ~ SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES UNIVERSITE D'OTTAWA ECOLE DES GRADUES


The aircraft complex systems (ACS) contains the auxiliary power unit (APU) based gas turbine, the performance assessment is totally cramped to inspection of different kind of parameters. So many other parameters can be observed in Quick Access Recorder (QAR) returns the APU condition from different aspects not having enough attention. The investigation intends to propose incorporated performance indicators by feature extraction many observing parameters. To approve the effectiveness of the strategy by anomaly identification, the clustering analysis is conducted. This technique can possibly effectively evaluate performance of some complex aircraft systems for early cautioning and prevent degradation at early stage. The parameters of Rowen's model for APU based gas turbines in unique studies are assessed by utilization of accessible operational and performance data. Here, the work is planned to make understanding into different parts of the APU model and to present simple and comprehensive strategy to extract the parameters out of basic physical laws, focusing especially on researchers to let their interest in dynamic models and simulations. Gas turbine parameters are approximated by using straightforward thermodynamic assumptions, resulting great performance. In this paper, the step response of the simulation model is also simulated for number of scenarios and is presented here. Keyword: Air-Craft, APU, Gas Turbine, Dynamic simulation, gas turbine, mathematical model, thermodynamic process.


Antioquia is a heterogeneous Department located in the west of Colombia. While consisting principally of rural communities and villages isolated by high wooded mountains, it is a diverse region, with a rich AfroColombian culture in the municipalities of the Pacific Coast and an area of coffee production in the central zone. Some communities are surrounded by violence, notably those in Uraba and Middle Magdalena. These contrasts aside, the people are renowned as hard workers and Antioquia is one of the most productive areas in Colombia.