The chemical structures of four milled wood lignins(MWLs),prepared from the inner and outer parts of the stems of Neosinocalamus affinis and Phyllostachys pubescens,were examined by elemental analysis,FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.The results indicated that the average per-C9-unit formulae of the four MWLs were different,but were largely composed of guaiacyl(G),syringyl(S) and p-hydroxyphenyl(H) units which are similar to the structural characteristics of grass lignin.The peak assigned to the G ring plus C==O stretching was not found in the IR spectrum of the MWLs of P.pubescens.The peak assigned to the C—O deformation in secondary alcohols and aliphatic ethers was not found in the IR spectrum of MWLs from the inner parts of either N.affinis or P.pubescens.The proportions of aliphatic(OHaliph) and free phenolic hydroxyl(OHph) in total hydroxyl were different for MWLs from both inner and outer parts of N.affinis,with more OHaliphand less OHphin the inner parts.In contrast,the contents of OHaliphand OHphin the outer parts were similar to those in the inner parts of P.pubescens.The main types of linkages in MWLs of N.affinis were β-O-4 and β-1 linkages,while in P.pubescens the main types were β-O-4,β-5 and β-1 linkages.The β-β linkage was not detected in the MWLs of either N.affinis or P.pubescens.


David Presti's new neuroscience book is a concise volume, a little over 250 pages of text. The organization of the book is fairly typical for a neuroscience text, the first chapter is historical although there is a good deal of history incorporated into other chapters as well. Chapter 2 introduces the nervous system and gives an overview of the major brain structures: medulla, pons, cerebellum and the four cerebral lobes without mentioning any functions associated with them. The major parts of the neuron appear in a drawing in the same chapter, but the only thing shown in the cell body interior is the nucleus; organelles and their functions are not mentioned anywhere in the text, although ribosomes are briefly mentioned in a later chapter.


This book is distinct in that it posits risk in its larger context and stresses the roles of every stakeholder, rather than a small team of response workers, in risk management. Most other books on risk management adopt what I would call an 'emergency view of risk' according to which only the instantaneous and momentary concerns are addressed. Another positive thing about this book is that it is an edited volume, meaning that the expertise of many academic-practitioners has gone into its making. Despite the fact that it is an edited volume, it can still be used as a fairly comprehensive and easily accessible primary textbook for risk management courses in leisure, recreation, tourism, or outdoor studies. Also, it is endearing to read the quotes with which each new chapter of the book begins. I observed a few (contestable) weaknesses. The first one is the stress on an 'organizational approach' throughout the book. On the one hand, this is an outstanding merit of the book: it offers a blueprint of action for organizations in outdoor safety planning and management. What the analysis misses, however, is that a good deal of risky outdoor activities are not performed within organizationallymanaged settings. Management of risk in such situations is a totally different game and I wish the editors had given more thought to this matter. Likewise, this book could have been even better had it addressed the international and cross cultural dimensions of risk in the outdoors. While most risky activities are still played out locally, participants are likely to be drawn from different national and cultural contexts. The first chapter introduces risk management with a special focus on the outdoor environment. This is one of the best introductions to the topic I have seen. Yet, the second chapter on organizational sustainability was perceived to be somewhat tangential: or, has it become fashionable to link everything to sustainability even if that is achieved only with an extra stretch of the imagination? Even though sustainability does matter, its linkages with the management of risk are not clear from the discussion. Similarly, the chapter on the organizational context of risk management happens to be very generic. The fifth chapter, entitled 'The real physical risk: putting it into perspective', is the core of this book. Ultimately, beyond all armchair discussions, if you do not understand the nature of the real physical risk, you cannot manage it. The authors have done a commendable job in elucidating this. Even though everyone knows prevention is better than cure, building risk preparedness into outdoor programmes is something programme developers routinely neglect. Such interventions might reduce the quality of outdoor experiences Annals of Leisure Research, Vol. 15, No. 3, October 2012, 310 311


Sexual harassment is an illegal form of sexual discrimination prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Although the U. S. Supreme Court has recognized that sexual harassment is illegal conduct for which an employer is liable, this transgression continues to be a major workplace problem. Although some researchers have analyzed the incident level of sexual harassment in general, little work has been conducted on particular industries. The research described in this article is the summary of the results of a study of sexual harassment in the health care industry. A written survey was sent to 950 randomly selected members of the Kentucky Board of Nursing. Thirty-five percent of the 441 respondents to the survey indicated they had been sexually harassed in their capacity as nurses. More than 77 percent of those occurrences involved physicians as the harassers. When harassed, 51 percent of the respondents were aged 25 to 35; 25 percent, 25 or younger; 20 percent, 36 to 45; and 4 percent were 46 ...


Preparations of cod liver oil have been in use for a number of years as topical remedies in the treatment of chronic ulcers of various types. To the best of my knowledge, no case of true allergic dermatitis of contact type has ever been attributed to the cod liver oil itself in any of these preparations. REPORT OF CASE Mr. P., aged 37, a meat slicer in a quick lunch restaurant, had varicose veins about eight years ago. The saphenous vein was ligated, and smaller veins were injected, with good sclerosing effects. (His physician at that time has since died, and the sclerosing agent used is not known.) In July 1941 an ulcer developed on the lateral surface of the lower third of the right leg. He treated this, ulcer with wet compresses of potassium permanganate and an elastic bandage. Healing was complete in about three weeks. In early December


The m sequence and the Gold sequence were in the CDMA wide frequency correspondence two kind of commonly used pseudo-random sequences.This article first on these two kinds of sequence nature,the production principle have conducted the detailed analytical study,then has carried on with the form and the Matlab simulation's result these two kinds of sequence's main performance the comparison,finally has analyzed them in the comparison foundation in the CDMA wide frequency correspondence model application.


A 5-year study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different grazing and supplementation strategies on both cattle and pasture performance utilizing yearling steers grazing smooth bromegrass pastures. Forty-five steers were used each year for a total of 225 animals in a RCBD. The supplemented group received 0.6% of BW in dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) pellets daily and were stocked at 9.9 AUM/ha (SUPP). Steers receiving no supplement but grazing pastures fertilized in the spring with 90 kg N/ha were also stocked at 9.9 AUM/ha (FERT). Non-supplemented cattle grazing non-fertilized pastures were stocked at 6.8 AUM/ha (CONT). Paddock was the experimental unit and was replicated 3 times per year. Paddocks were blocked by location and rotationally grazed. Put-and-take cattle were used to maintain similar grazing pressure among the different treatment paddocks. In-vitro DM digestibility of forage samples declined quadratically over the grazing season (P < 0.01) while CP content and forage production showed cubic responses (P < 0.05) over the grazing season. Forage production was greatest for the FERT paddocks, intermediate for SUPP paddocks, and least for CONT paddocks (P < 0.01). The UIP content averaged 2.03% of DM and varied between 2.89 and 1.55% of DM. There were no differences between 35 fertilized and unfertilized samples (P = 0.79). Final BW was increased for SUPP steers compared to both FERT and CONT steers (P < 0.01). Over the grazing season, ADG declined as forage quality declined. As ADG declined, the extra gain of the SUPP steers over both FERT and CONT steers increased. Stocking rates were greater for SUPP pastures compared to non-fertilized pastures because of increased forage production and replacement of approximately 0.79 kg of forage for each 1 kg of supplement fed. Dried distillers grains can be used to increase yearling steer performance while grazing smooth bromegrass pastures.


A 16-year-five-month-old boy was admitted to our clinic because of severe right visual disturbance begining two months prior to admission. He had lost vision completely in his right eye one month earlier. His growth had been retarded since he was 13 years old. On admission, his height was 157 cm (-2.2 SD) and his weight was 57 kg. Testicular size was normal (both about 20 ml), but there was no axial or pubic hair. A neurological examination showed visual acuity was null in the right eye and 0.7 (30/40) in the left eye, and a left temporal field visual defect was observed. CT and MRI exams showed a large sellar tumor extending to the left parasellar region (Fig. 1). An endocrinological examination showed partial hypopituitarism (Table 1). After transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, not only his right visual acuity


Semiconductor quantum dots integrated with ultrafast spectroscopy technology are prime candidates for building scalable architectures for Quantum Information Processing. In this review paper we survey the current state of theoretical proposals concerning all-optical control of nanostructure qubits and their interactions. These schemes offer potential for ultrafast optical manipulation of quantum information in time scales within the coherence time.


This study is the sub-topics of "Public hospitals Standardization of Economics and Management Process".The main processes were discussed according to the economic theory of public hospitals in financial and accounting management processes in public hospitals,like income,expenditure,economic accounting,management processes,as well as economic analysis and economic control flow,etc.,this regularity and normative research is to solve the problems that the disclosure of financial information in public hospitals is not unified and non-standard,which were caused by the higher affiliation is different from the financial accounting business processes and the methods vary.


In this article, we will deal with A Stylistic Analysis of Amos Tutuola's Feather Woman of the Jungle, a novel written by Amos Tutuola. What we will aim to do is examine Tutuola's manner of writing this novel, show the influence exerted by African oral literature upon this novel, and point out the most important figures of speech used by the author. In our article, we have been dealing with a stylistic analysis of the feathered woman of the jungle. This novel is written by Amos Tutuola, one of the distinguished Nigerian writers of the twentieth century, and as was already said, this novel contains a lot of literary techniques used by the author.


T HE part taken by physicians in the genesis of the natural sciences has long been remarked. Their share in the development of such lines in this country is worthy of consideration. A similarity in primogenesis of the sciences here and at large is the more natural as they were not simply transplanted but in varying degrees further developed. Especially in geology the necessary application to indigenous conditions and the rapid advance of the subject at that period made its origin here comparable to that of a new science. It is from the historic point of view, rather than from any special knowledge of geology, that the subject is here approached, though every intelligent person can find interest in some phase of the science. The study was not foreplanned, but originated from casual items in the Osler honor volumes (1919). A fuller outline was given in an address, Dec. 29, 1928, in "The History of Medicine and Civilization" program of Section N (A. A. A. S.) at the New York, Academy of Medicine, published elsewhere without correction. It is hoped now to present the matter with reasonable completeness, so far as known material goes. The era of these practical workers with a medical background has now lapsed, barring an occasional instance. The chapter is therefore ready for record. In no other branch can such a movement be worked out with more mathematical exactness. It is, as noted, but part of the larger one of medical pioneering in the sciences. Medicine has been termed "Mother of the Sciences," which fits in very well, as Maclure, a non-medical Scot, is sometimes called the father of American geology; though, if medico-socialistic not to say communistic upheavers progress, the juniors may become even less proud of the old lady. The instances so far found of this double form of professional training are, as follows, the names arranged chronologically according to date of birth. Of course these men did their geologic work years later. Many of the names are so well-known that only brief mention is necessary. More details are hence given of those whose sketches in biographic works are imperfect or wanting, or whose relation to this field is little noted. 1. William Baylies, a .m ., m .d ., 1743-1826, b. Mass. P.,* (called Wm. A. by Merrill). Under date of July 1, 1786, he examined and described, in "Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences," Boston, 1793, 11, the formation known as Gay Head, Martha's Vinyard, though his inference as to its igneous origin was later disallowed. He made a special expedition to the Island for this purpose. Member of Provincial Congress (1775), state senator and United States Congressman (1805-09). (1, v, vi, ix.)f 2. Johan David Schoepf, m .d ., 1752-


The status of modeling work focused on developing the advanced tokamak scenarios in DIII-D is discussed. The objectives of the work are two-fold: (1) to develop AT scenarios with ECCD using time-dependent transport simulations, coupled with heating and current drive models, consistent with MHD equilibrium and stability; and (2) to use time-dependent simulations to help plan experiments and to understand the key physics involved. Time-dependent simulations based on transport coefficients derived from experimentally achieved target discharges are used to perform AT scenario modeling. The modeling indicates off-axis ECCD with approximately 3 MW absorbed power can maintain high-performance discharges with q{sub min} > 1 for 5 to 10 s. The resultant equilibria are calculated to be stable to n = 1 pressure driven modes. The plasma is well into the second stability regime for high-n ballooning modes over a large part of the plasma volume. The role of continuous localized ECCD is studied for stabilizing m/n = 2/1 tearing modes. The progress towards validating current drive and transport models, consistent with experimental results, and developing self-consistent, integrated high performance AT scenarios is discussed.


On previous years teaching Logic and Algebra many student conceptual issues were identified by analysing their solution attempts to exercises. Present work proposes a new design of exercises and student workflow to target these issues. Classical algebraic exercises integrate many concepts. Most issues identified were related to low-level concepts. Moreover, students proved unable to identify these issues and solve them by practicing. They tended to get frustrated not knowing the causes of their failures. This design proposal starts with minimal exercises requiring a single step to be solved. Classical exercises are decomposed into these single steps. Simplicity of these exercises helps generating many instances automatically. Design focus is placed on previously identified issues. Designed exercises are composed in a pyramidal model of knowledge. To motivate students to carry out many of the proposed exercises, Gamification techniques are used. Designed exercises are automated using Moodle questionnaires. These questionnaires are contextualized as adventure activities in a role play story line, including Quests, Dungeons, Weapons and Bosses. Rules are designed according to this context. Detailed design is included for replication.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chemical mechanical polishing water-based dispersing composition capable of keeping in-plane uniformity of polishing speed and inhibiting variation in in-plane flatness of a polished surface during a process of chemical-mechanical-polishing a barrier metal layer provided on a substrate for use of a display device, a manufacturing method of the chemical mechanical polishing water-based dispersing composition, and a chemical mechanical polishing method using the dispersing composition. SOLUTION: The inventors have found that the problem can be solved by means of the chemical mechanical polishing water-based dispersing composition for polishing the barrier metal layer provided on the substrate for use of the display device, which contains (A) abrasive grains, (B) an organic acid and (C) one or more atoms selected from a group consisting of Ta, Ti and Ru, wherein a ratio Rmax/Rmin of a longer diameter Rmax and a shorter diameter of the (A) abrasive grain ranges from 1.0 to 1.5 and (C) element ranges from 1.0×10 2 to 1.0×10 4 ppm. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


- In recent decades, teaching work in all educational stages, including the university, has undergone a continuous process of transformation focused on educational innovation. This has occurred at a technological level and at a methodological level. Among the latter, a methodological perspective has been developed those questions, from the postulates of critical pedagogy, educational practices seeking higher levels of participation among students, justice and equality. In this work we start from Conell's positioning to attend to curricular justice, which is why an experience carried out during the 2019-2020 academic year is presented in two subjects of the fourth grade of primary education in which a curricular negotiation process was carried out that implied the contents of the subjects and the assessment systems. The results show that there is a positive assessment of the students towards this type of proposal, although significant differences have been found in the assessments according to the subject in which said proposal was made. These differences are due to various factors, including the type of subject (theoretical; practical), the teacher's explanations and his methodology in each subject. Despite this, a high motivation and participation has been found among the students.


During years 2008–2011 ground works exposed a succession of the
Upper Turonian-Lower Coniacian strata in two occasional
outcrops at Opatov near Svitavy in the eastern part of the
Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. Glauconitic calcareous fine-grained
sandstone of the Jizera Formation at the base of the sections
contains rare fossils represented mainly by claws of
Protocallianassa antiqua (Roemer) and burrows Thalassinoides
isp. The lowermost layer of the Teplice Formation is 0–30 cm
thick and consists of glauconitic marly sandstone with
fragments of glauconitic calcareous fine-grained sandstone and
sandy limestone with coquinas of Turritella sp. and bivalves.
Remains of Protocallianassa antiqua were found in all rock
types of this layer and some of them show signs of reworking.
Overlying layer of glauconitic marly sandstone to sandy
marlstone is about 0.5 m thick and contains autochthonous and
redeposited fauna. Redeposited fauna is represented mainly by
internal moulds of gastropods and bivalves, sponges,
brachiopods and other groups. Fossils are phosphatised and
consist of marlstone to glauconitic sandy marlstone.
Autochthonous fauna comprises oysters, Spondylus latus
(Sowerby), inoceramid bivalves and bivalves of the genus Lima.
These two layers are believed to reflect transgression during
the Late Turonian (Soukup, 1952; Dvořak 1956; Valecka & Skocek,
1990). Higher in the section, layer of soft grey marlstone, up
to 0.6 m thick, does not contain any macrofossils, but rich
microfauna of planktonic and benthic foraminifers was obtained
together with rare ostracods and shark teeth and scales from
washing residues. The Rohatce Member of the Teplice Formation
is represented by about 1 m thick layer of siliceous claystone
to marlstone with rich fauna of irregular echinoid Micraster
sp., Cremnoceramus crassus (Petrascheck) and ichnofossils and
by grey clay to marl which forms the highest exposed layer. It
seems probable that the upper part of the Jizera Formation
containing sandy limestone with abundant bivalves and
Turritella sp. was eroded and an intraformational conglomerate
with rock fragments was formed during transgression. Later the
pelitic sedimentation prevailed. Rich fauna of Lychniscosid and
Hexactinellid sponges indicates relatively deep-water
environment (Finks & Rigby, 2004). Probably condensed
sedimentation, prefossilization and phosphatization took a
place during maximum flooding. The pelitic layer was eroded,
fossils were redeposited into glauconitic marly sand to sandy
marl and colonised by bivalves. Foraminifers from the overlying
soft grey marlstone do not allow decide whether they are Upper
Turonian or Lower Coniacian in age.


The invention discloses a confirming/non-confirming feedback information transmission method and device. The method comprises the steps that D-A/N resources of first D2D UE are configured at a network side; and the network side transmits messages which comprise the D-A/N resource configuration information of the first D2D UE through high-layer signals, wherein the D-A/N resource configuration information indicates the D-A/N resources which are configured to the first D2D UE. According to the method and the device, effective transmission of feedback information in D2D communication is achieved.


The specific focus on anisotropic materials in the research was addressed in a manner which was primarily analytical. All of the experiments involving materials with substantial elastic or plastic anisotropy indicated that the materials in question exhibited a level of acoustoelastic response which was at or below the limit for useful stress evaluation. Nevertheless, the analysis performed indicates that if an experimental system is built which allows determination of the velocity variation roughly an order of magnitude more precisely than is possible with the system used in this work, the complete state of residual stress may be obtained, despite the presence of anisotropy. This report consists of a detailed description of the technique and experimental system proposed for the evaluation of residual stress states. The underlying analytical developments are reviewed, and a numerical investigation into the application of this approach for anisotropic materials is presented. It is shown that an accurate assessment of the complete residual stress state may be obtained even in cases of extreme anisotropy. Finally, an experimental investigation of the technique is presented in which the experimentally determined stress state is compared with that predicted numerically. It is shown that the two estimates of stress agree wellmore » for the material involved. 12 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.« less


Traditional uvulectomy (TU) is a partial or radical removal of the uvula by traditional practitioners. Therapeutic uvulectomy is performed as a re medy for various ailments usually; persistent cough, sore throat, dry throat, vomit ing, diarrhea, anorexia, rejection of breast by a child and growth retardation. In Tanzania, TU is done secretly as it is an illegal practice thus often parents do not revea l informat ion of the procedure when complications occur and drive them to seek dental or other medical consultations. A case of deceptive informat ion after trad itional uvulecto my is presented.


Albert Einstein (1879-1955) spent the final 35 years of his life as the most recognizable scientist of the 20th century. Though limericks were (are) conventionally associated with bawdy themes, limerick poets did prove that even Einstein's physics can be tackled with such poems. In this study, I analyse 22 limericks which describe Einstein's theories of relativity, quantum field theory, his personality, his brain and an unsuccessful attempt to disprove his theory. I conclude that the internet had liberated limericks to an extent that it may not be wrong to conclude that Einstein fans can anticipate numerous limericks in the future as well.


Objective To study specific features and main diagnostic points of astroglioma on MRI. Methods 280 cases of astroglioma were imaged with MRI and proved by pathology. 84 patients had Gd DTPA enhancement. The correlation of MRI and pathology were investigated in 50 cases of pathological specimens. Results The research showed that grade Ⅰ astroglioma was well defined with little mass effect and mild edema; The signal intensity was homogeneous. Cyst degeneration and hemorrhage were 32%、1%, respectively. Grade Ⅲ Ⅳ were poorly defined with marked mass effect and edema. The signal intensity was heterogeneous. Cystic degeneration or necrosis and hemorrhage were 57%, 22%, respectively. The MRI features of grade Ⅱ were between grade Ⅰ Ⅳ. The statistically significant MRI features were multi lesion necrosis or cystic degeneration and hemorrhage. The heterogeneity of signal increased with malignancy on MRI. The pathological bases were related to necrosis, cyst degeneation, hemorrhage, and hemosiderin deposition etc. Isolated tumor cell could be found at peritumoral edema and surrounding normal brain on pathological slices, which couldn't be identified on MRI. Conclusions There are regular MRI features of grade Ⅰ Ⅳ of astroglioma. The signal intensity of the tumor was related to pathological changes.


With the traffic assignment theory based on the proportions of turning volume at intersection,an arrangement method of the volume detectors at intersections over the road network is proposed,which named the close ring.We advise to arrange the detectors along the roads that include a close ring.It′s important to select appropriate roads as the ring boundary.So several principles about this condition are given in this paper.We also advise to construct the ring in installment because of large investment.A few about the selection of intersection as detect spots are also given.Finally,a model to calculate the volumes of intersections that are not detected is built,from which the close ring can be formed even at the initial stages of construction.


Climate change currently becomes the concern of policymakers and academics because the impact is already extensive. The Bajo People Community, located in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi is a coastal community with a significant portion of its population living as fishermen. The people and fishermen in the Bajo people also felt the impact of climate change on the coastal and marine environment. The effect on the environment is very influential on the economic and social community of the Bajo People. This study aims to define the alternative to propose adaptation strategy to deal with climate change for fishermen. The benefit of this study is to provide input for planners, policymakers, and practitioners related to fisheries in the territory of Indonesia. Climate change adaptation is necessary to maintain the quality of life of fishers and to achieve the stability of available resources. This study used a literature study and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as its method to find the alternative strategy in order to face climate change. The plan proposed in this research are three, namely increasing knowledge and information about climate change, resource management, and livelihood diversification. The result of this research is that Bajo Fishermen need an appropriate adaptation strategy to mitigate the situation towards climate change issues, which is necessary to prevent the disruption of economic and social activities, focusing on the cognitive, practical and structured aspects that base on cultural values, norms, and customs of the Bajo people. This study found four useful variables to be used as coping strategies for climate change, which are social, ecological, economic and political alternatives. The four variables are strengthening the surveillance of epidemic disease, developing fish gear technology, improving proper water treatment management, and creating awareness of climate change for the fishermen community.


The utility model discloses three-dimensional tipping paper for cigarettes, which comprises a base paper layer of tipping paper for cigarettes and an ink/stamping foil layer. The utility model is characterized in that the three-dimensional tipping paper further comprises an embossed layer with three-dimensional embossed marks, one end surface of the ink/stamping foil layer is closely connected with the base paper layer of tipping paper for cigarettes through adhesives, and the other end surface of the ink/stamping foil layer is compressed to form the embossed layer with three-dimensional embossed marks. The utility model is implemented by adding a procedure to the existing production procedures of tipping paper for cigarettes, namely compressing the surface of the ink/stamping foil layer by use of concavo-convex pressing rollers to form the three-dimensional layer to achieve the three-dimensional effect of the tipping paper for cigarette. The utility model increases the variety of the tipping paper for cigarettes, enhances the connotation of the tipping paper for cigarettes, improves the appearance of the tipping paper for cigarettes and provides a new approach to develop the production process of tipping paper for cigarettes.


This study presents a comprehensive literature survey of the static and dynamic modeling methods for urban taxi services. Covered are both the conventional aggregative demand-supply equilibrium model and a recent network equilibrium model. Emphasis is placed on the interplay among taxi supply, customer demand, and externality of service consumption on customer waiting time and taxi utilization. The models and analysis presented are useful to understand the manner in which the demand and supply are equilibrated in the presence of regulations in terms of entry restrictions and price control, this providing information for government decision making in terms of such regulations.


BACKGROUND
 Steady Health's novel virtual care model incorporates continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and a multi-disciplinary approach to timely person-centered diabetes care.

 OBJECTIVE
 This real-world retrospective case series explores the early glycemic outcomes of its patients with uncontrolled diabetes.

 METHODS
 All patients of Steady Health with an initial time in range (TIR) below 70% from their first 4 weeks of available CGM data and who had completed onboarding by February 2021 were included in this analysis. We compared the change in TIR, time below range (TBR), and average blood glucose (BG) from their first 4 weeks to their latest 4 weeks of available CGM data. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was also compared at baseline and at end of study. Patients completed a questionnaire assessing their satisfaction with Steady's intervention.

 RESULTS
 A total of 53 patients (66% with type 1 diabetes, 83% treated with insulin) were included in this analysis. This cohort had a median (IQR) baseline TIR of 53.0 (40.9, 61.7) % and saw a median (IQR) change in TIR of +16.6 (+6.0, +27.9) % (p<0.001) over a median duration of care of 11 months, equating to nearly 4 more hours spent between 70-180 mg/dL a day. Of the 27 patients who had both baseline and follow-up HbA1c results, their median (IQR) baseline HbA1c was 8.6 (7.5, 11.4) % (70 mmol/mol), while their median (IQR) change in HbA1c (95% CI) was -1.2 (-2.6, -0.2) % (p=0.001). Importantly, these glycemic improvements were achieved with a median decrease in TBR by -0.3 (-1.1, 0.0) % (p<0.001). Forty patients (75.5%) improved TIR by ≥ 5%, and 27 (50.9%) achieved TIR ≥ 70% by the end of the study. Glycemic improvements were greatest among patients with the lowest baseline TIR and those who collaborated most intensively with Steady Health's clinicians. Twenty-five of these patients responded to a questionnaire assessing levels of satisfaction with their care and all of them agreed that Steady Health had had a positive impact on their diabetes management.

 CONCLUSIONS
 Our findings suggest that patients with uncontrolled diabetes can achieve significant glycemic improvements working with a virtual multi-disciplinary care team that uses CGM to provide continuous clinical feedback and support.


The quality of a laser beam profile and its stability play fundamental roles in laser material processing. Beam reflections may dramatically affect the beam quality under certain material processing conditions. In this study, experiments were carried out to examine the variations of the continuous wave CO2 laser beam profile during the direct metal deposition (DMD) process. A pyroelectric-camera-based new industrial laser beam analysis device was installed in the optical line near the laser output coupler. Experimental results are presented with the comparison of beam profiles under different cladding processing conditions, such as the coaxial powder flow cladding, preplaced powder cladding, the remelting process, and the dumping of the raw beam. It was observed that cladding using preplaced powder gives off more reflective energy from the cladding zone which deforms the beam profile and causes great power fluctuation. Laser beam profiles and stability during DMD processes were monitored and analyzed with...


In the reasonable prasonable hypothesis condition, this paper establishes a vibration model of gripper bars and chain pitches,and gets its natural frequency by using the changed QR method.The paper also sets an example for vibration research into all kinds of printers and diecutting machines.


This paper proposes a maximum-likelihood approach to jointly estimate conditional marginal quantiles of multivariate response variables using a linear regression framework. We consider a slight reparameterization of the Multivariate Asymmetric Laplace distribution proposed by Kotz et al (2001) and exploit its location-scale mixture representation to implement a new EM algorithm to estimate model parameters. The idea is to extend the link between the Asymmetric Laplace distribution and the well-known univariate quantile regression model to a multivariate context. The approach accounts for association among multiple response variables and study how such association structure and the relationship between responses and explanatory variables can vary across different quantile levels of the conditional distribution of the responses. A penalized version of the EM algorithm is also presented to tackle the problem of variable selection. The validity of our approach is analyzed in a simulation study, where we also provide evidence on the efficiency gain of the proposed method compared to estimation obtained by separate univariate quantile regressions. A real data application is finally proposed to study the main determinants of financial distress in a sample of Italian firms.


Coordination, Organizational Culture and Employee Duties. This study aims to investigate the influence of organizational culture on the coordination and execution of tasks of Spatial Planning and Building by employees. This research method is quantitative descriptive using statistics. The study population was all employees of the Department of Spatial Planning and Building Pekanbaru City amounting to 21 people and all the population sampled. In addition, the community is taken as many as 31 people at random method incidental. Data collection techniques are questionnaires and observation. Analysis of data using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the coordination with the organizational culture positive and significant impact on the implementation of employee duties. However restribusi coordination and organizational culture on the implementation of the duties of employees only 61.3% and the remaining 38.7% is determined by other factors.


This survey of obstetricians' knowledge and practices in two districts in Kerala, India, finds a number of unethical practices: most providers are unaware of the value of the rapid screening test for HIV; they do not give pregnant women the option to refuse testing; testing is done without counselling, private doctors refer pregnant women who test positive to government hospitals, and some health services have separate facilities for pregnant women who test positive. Women and children are the most seriously affected in the HIV-AIDS epidemic. With 27 million pregnancies and with the current prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in India, an estimated 100,000 HIV infected women deliver every year (1). The number of HIV-positive women is increasing, and with it the number of babies with HIV infection. To prevent the spread of the disease from mother to child, HIV counselling and testing along with confidentiality and ethical obstetric practice are important. But unethical obstetric practices have been reported from different parts of the world. A study by Guenter et al from Canada shows that antenatal care providers place little emphasis on informed consent (2). A study in Botswana found that counselling in antenatal care is inadequate in terms of availability, content and quality; only one-half of all clients have been counselled and one-half of those have agreed to HIV testing (3). According to the current national guidelines of India and state level guidelines in Kerala, all pregnant women accessing antenatal services should be offered HIV testing after counselling by a trained counsellor, and their informed written consent should be obtained. An "opt-out policy" should be employed: that is, every antenatal attendee should be informed about the benefits of HIV screening and should be told that she will be screened unless she expresses her unwillingness to undergo HIV screening. The test results should be given to the woman in the post-test counselling session and confidentiality about the test results should be maintained. Finally, health services must not segregate facilities for women who test positive; standard universal safety practices will prevent infection transmission


Abstract. The larvae of seven of the nine Costa Rican species of Hetaerina (H.capitalis, H.cruentata, H.fuscoguttata, H.majuscula, H.miniata, H.occisa and H. titia) were identified by matching their Cellulose Acetate Gel Electrophoresis (CAGE) patterns with those of adults. CAGE allows larval descriptions to be processed at a much faster rate than through traditional rearing techniques and, provided that refrigeration and a power supply are available, is relatively portable and robust. Adults of H.capitalis, H.cruentata and H.miniata were also reared from final instar larvae. Larvae of H.caja and H.sempronia were identified by site association with adults and unique suites of morphological characters. Characters on the head, antennae, labium, pronotum, legs, abdomen, and caudal appendages are described and illustrated, and a key to final instar larvae of all nine species is presented. The distribution of Hetaerina in Costa Rica is influenced primarily by the Cordillera.


Beyond the avoided costs for noncompliance lies an area of economic opportunity. Strategic approaches are necessary to tap these opportunities, but only recently have the principles of Total Quality Management been considered for environmental applications. This article identifies common principles in strategic environmental planning and thematic bridges to TQM philosophies. By applying TQM to strategic environmental planning, an environmental manager can thus address both avoided cost and environmental opportunity to improve overall corporate strategic advantage.


Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has poor outcomes and there is a need for novel effective treatments for metastatic disease and adjuvant therapy. miRNAs are small endogenous noncoding RNAs that control gene expression. miRNAs are dysregulated in all cancers and manipulation of miRNA levels is under investigation as a novel therapy in other cancers with poor outcomes such as mesothelioma. In this review, the rationale for miRNA therapy will be presented along with the current understanding of the role of miRNA dysregulation and miRNA regulation of ACC. Potential therapeutic approaches of miRNA therapy using established delivery systems such as liposomes and targeted nanocells will be presented, along with the future challenges of establishing miRNA therapy in clinical trials for ACC.


The Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission (IOGCC) engaged in numerous projects outlined under the scope of work discussed in the United States Department of Energy (DOE) grant number DE-FC26-04NT15456 awarded to the IOGCC. Numerous projects were completed that were extremely valuable to state oil and gas agencies as a result of work performed utilizing resources provided by the grant. There are numerous areas in which state agencies still need assistance. This additional assistance will need to be addressed under future scopes of work submitted annually to DOE's Project Officer for this grant. This report discusses the progress of the projects outlined under the grant scope of work for the 2005-2006 areas of interest, which are as follows: Area of Interest No. 1--Regulatory Streamlining and Improvement: This area of interest continues to support IOGCC's regulatory streamlining efforts that include the identification and elimination of unnecessary duplications of efforts between and among state and federal programs dealing with exploration and production on public lands. Area of Interest No. 2--Technology: This area of interest seeks to improve efficiency in states through the identification of technologies that can reduce costs. Area of Interest No. 3--Training and Education: This area of interest is vital to upgrading the skills of regulators and industry alike. Within the National Energy Policy, there are many appropriate training and education opportunities. Education was strongly endorsed by the President's National Energy Policy Development group. Acting through the governors offices, states are very effective conduits for the dissemination of energy education information. While the IOGCC favors the development of a comprehensive, long-term energy education plan, states are also supportive of immediate action on important concerns, such as energy prices, availability and conservation. Area of Interest No. 4--Resource Assessment and Development: This area of interest relates directly to helping maximize production of domestic oil and natural gas resources, including areas that are under explored or have not been adequately defined.


Tantala and zirconia sol gel coatings, with simple preparation methods and high single layer laser damage thresholds at 1064 nm and 355 nm have been investigated. The sols are ethanol based and the coatings have high refractive indices and abrasion resistance. In situ microscopy and interferometric image suggest a thermal mechanism for damage at 1064 nm and inter- particle bonding, high strength and low porosity are linked to the high damage thresholds observed. The absence of exothermic reactions in the coatings at high temperatures and the closeness of absorption band edges to the laser wavelength are also considered to be factors influencing damage thresholds.


The paper reports the results of the studies on nursery technique of the young fish of Epinephelus coioides. The crucial importance of the nursery technique was separate the young fish according to there sizes in time. It took 45 days for rearing 2 broods of the fish. A sort of artificial formula food was used to rear the fish. During the experimental period the average total length of 2 broods of young fish increased from 27mm and 28mm to 75.7mm and 82.1mm respectively, while the average body weight of them increased from 0.22g and 0.23g to 7.7g and 10.7g respectively. The survival rate of the young fishes was 94.3~94.9%.


Two novel monolithiated complexes, [(thf)2Li(NtBu)2(NHtBu)S(Ndipp)] (3) and [(thf)2Li(NtBu)2(NHtBu)S(Ndmp)] (4), are presented from the reaction of the neutral tri(tert-butyl)sulfur triimide S(NtBu)3 (1), nBuLi, and diisopropylaniline and dimethylaniline, respectively. These asymmetrically substituted hydrogen tetraimido sulfate complexes of lithium provide the opportunity to switch the metal in a transmetalation reaction and to introduce another substituent at the protonated imide function.


Some experiences that how to raise accuracy in volatile matter determination were stated from several different aspects,such as crucible and support,determination of muffle furnace and constant temperature,coal sample weighting and crucible placing and correct understanding of calculation formula,etc.


Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have been rising recently as a new frontier in the catalysis field. Due to maximum atom utilization efficiency and tunable electronic structures, SACs exhibit highly distinctive catalytic performance from bulk counterparts. SACs with high metal loading will facilitate practical applications. To that end, this Review focuses on recent strategies to maximize metal loading. An appropriate substrate, mainly heteroatom‐doped carbon materials, is the key to avoiding aggregation or sintering during synthetic procedures. The coordination site construction and spatial confinement strategies are adopted to prepare SACs with high metal loading. Advanced characterization techniques with atomic resolution are indispensable for identification of the exact structure of SACs. This is true, especially for the applications and challenges in developing in situ/operando characterization techniques at the atomic level, which are discussed in this Review. Moreover, it is fundamentally necessary to investigate the active center structure, which facilitates any design of efficient SACs that can maximize single‐atom catalytic activity. Furthermore, this Review highlights challenges and prospects for development of SACs.


METHODS: The study involved 319 adults including 40 patients with prehypertension (PH), 36 patients with AH (mean systolic BP 153±12 mm Hg), 47 treated patients with AH, 52 patients with compensated T2DM, 68 decompensated diabetics, and 76 healthy volunteers (HV). All underwent DNC using a fast CCD-camera and image-processing software allowing for quantifying the diameters of the arterial and venous segments of capillaries, coefficient of remodeling (CR), capillary blood velocity (CBV), capillary network density (CND), etc.


Objective The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether or not that the SHIV-KB9 virus can infect rhesus macaques of Chinese origin, what concentration of SHIV-KB9 virus can infect them, and to understand the viral replication and immunological responses in the monkeys after SHIV-KB9 inoculation. Furthermore, we tried to establish a Chinese origin rhesus macaques model of SHIV infection, and to ascertain basic indexes for confirmation of a SHIV/SAIDS model. Methods Six rhesus macaques of Chinese origin were used in this study. At first, all the monkeys were screened by serological test to ensure that they were free of SIV, SRV and STLV infection. The monkeys were infected with 10 series diluted viral suspension, separately. Finally, to analyze those monkeys by flow cytometry, blood routine examination, virus isolation and PCR. Results The outcome of all trials proved that only the virus of 4.8×106copies/mL or upwards can infect rhesus macaques of Chinese origin. Conclusion Our finding provided a firm basis for establishing of a SHIV infection model of rhesus macaques of Chinese origin.


As of 2009, the world's urban population has surpassed the rural population. In the year 2030, it is estimated that 71.3% of South Africa's population will be living in urban areas.


For the 1857 Fleurs du mal Baudelaire restaged earlier poetry to suit his changed religious and political views. "Le Reniement de saint Pierre," originally a blasphemous challenge to both institutional Christianity and the idealistic Christian socialism of 1848, became part of Baudelaire's "douleureux programme" of dramatizing evil at once sympathetically and judgmentally. Partly shielded from the censors by his formal choice of dramatic monologue, Baudelaire used context and paratext to ensure that the apparently lyric expression of religious apostasy and militant politics would appear symptomatic of "l'agitation de l'esprit dans le mal." Censorship, both self- and state-imposed, motivated a poetic revision that achieved deniability of the very blasphemy the poem still affirmed.


Mei Yaochen plays the role of an initiator in the history of Song Dynasty's poetry. He created Song Dynasty's poetic style with his Plain Theory. He reflected the sufferings of the working people and satirized the current malady by writing poems. Besides, he preferred the prosaism to the ornateness. So he stated the style of Song Poem was simple and profound. In the thesis, I illustrate Mei's Plain Theory. The view has undergone two states. Meanwhile, there are determinants forming the theory: hard experience, skilled technique, the influence of Buddhism and Taoism. In the end, I try to estimate the historical value of his Plain Theory.


Using data on U.S. state-level unionization from Hirsch et al. (2001) and the club convergence test developed by Phillips and Sul (2007, 2009), this paper shows that U.S. states have distinct groupings in terms of the level of unionization. In particular, the states in the American South generally belong to their own low union density groups. Further, states in the Northeast (such as New York) and the Great Lakes regions (Michigan, Ohio) tend to have higher levels of unionization and form their own convergence clubs.


With Malaysia being the second largest palm oil producer in the world and the fact that palm oil ranks first in vegetable oil production on the world market the palm oil industry became an important factor in the country. Along with the expansion of palm oil across the nation causing deforestation of natural rain forest and conversion of peat land into plantation land there are several factors causing a tremendous increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Main causes of CO2 emission apart from deforestation and peat-land conversion are the fires to create plantation land plus the fires burning waste products of the plantations itself. This paper describes a project that aims at the development of a remote sensing monitoring system to allow a continuous observation of oil palm plantation activities and expansion in order to be able to quantify CO2 emissions. The research concentrates on developing a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar information extraction system for palm oil plantations in the Tropics. This will lead to objective figures that can be used internationally to create a policy implementation plan to sustainably reduce CO2 emission in the future.


The lead seals perfectly illustrate the indissoluble connection of Byzantine society with religion, its attributes and Christian symbols. There is not much data saved in annals of Byzantine history, including church sources, on the general background of hagiographic information about church figures, in particular about the clergymen of provincial dioceses, were. Their lists are not completed and the names of some of them had become famous only due to the findings of the Byzantine lead seals molybdoboulles. Introduction of several new seals seal of monk Kallinikos from Cherson (second half of the eleventh century), bullae of high priests from diocese of the Asian Minor region John, bishop of Chaldia (first half of the eighth century), Basil, bishop of Magnesia ad Meandrum (eleventh century), and metropolitans of Sardeis Stilianos (second half of the eleventh century) and Peter (eleventh century), John Koloneiates, proedros from Colonia (second half of the eleventh century) and Michael, metropolitan of Traianoupolis (second half of the eleventh century) allows us not only extend our information about individual dioceses of Byzantine empire, but in some cases to get unknown data on other sources.


Ding, Z. 170 INTRODUCTION Mastitis, an important disease of diary cows, occurs widely and can be caused by infections with bacteria, yeast or fungi (1,2). A recent investigation showed that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) represented a greater proportion of the isolated pathogenic bacteria in cases of clinical mastitis (3). Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, is effective against a variety of gram positive bacteria and commonly used to treat bovine mastitis (3,4). As a result of widespread utilization of erythromycin, the resistance level of S. aureus has been increasing rapidly. Therefore an investigation into the erythromycin-resistance of S. aureus has become imperative (5). Previous studies have reported that the majority of resistance to erythromycin from different cases of bovine mastitis may be due to different mechanisms: drug inactivation (6), loss of permeability (7), an active efflux mechanism (8) or tarMethylase Genes-Mediated Erythromycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from Bovine Mastitis in China


Static light scattering (SLS) has been used to study the antigen-antibody reaction in buffer medium. B-group blood was mixed with its antibody and the clustering studied using static laser light scattering technique. A home made scattering set up has been used and the clusters formed were modeled as dasiafractalspsila with fractal dimension Df. The static Structure factor, Correlation length (xi) and the radius of gyration Re have been determined assuming a Gaussian distribution for cluster size and a Gaussian cut off function for the cluster boundaries..


The cheaper industrial inorganic silicate Na2O·3.3SiO2 was selected as silica source,using different surfactant as template,and the supported vanadium mesoporous materials was prepared by direct hydrothermal synthesis.The results indicated the different surfactant in the mesoporous materials synthesis could result in the different pore size of the materials,which was due to the different reciprocity between the surfactants and silica source.The pore size of the materials was changed from 4.21 nm to 7.47 nm according to the amounts shift using P123 surfactant as template.For the cation-surfactants,the pore size of the materials was linear with length of long-chain alkyl of surfactants.The longer alkyl of surfactants,the larger pore size of the materials was.


Fractures are of considerable importance to groundwater flow through lithified coal-bearing strata. Laboratory tests on core samples in many different studies in the northern Appalachians and northern Great Plains show sandstones, siltstones, shales, and claystones with air permeabilities ranging from less than 10/sup -10/ to 2.4 x 10/sup -6/ m/s. Generally, the air permeabilities were less than 10/sup -8/ m/s. These core tests indicate extremely low intergranular hydraulic conductivities and, in many cases, little or no difference is seen between sandstones and shales. Various aquifer tests, using wells in the same locations, invariably showed hydraulic conductivities to be much greater (10/sup -8/ to 10/sup -4/ m/s) than those estimated by laboratory techniques. In addition the hydraulic conductivity of highly fractured rock can be 10/sup 2/ to 10/sup 3/ times greater than slightly fractured rock. Even shales can be highly transmissive when extensively fractured. Rock joints and coal cleats occur in all coal basins, but their distribution and orientation may be variable. The greatest concentration of fractures usually occurs in faulted areas and in narrow fracture zones less than 100 m below ground surface. The majority of large inflows through rock into surface and underground mines occur at the faults andmore » fracture zones. By studying and understanding more about the structural control of fractures in coal basins, the larger inflows possibly could be avoided. This would reduce pumping and water treatment costs and lessen the depletion of groundwater resources in surrounding areas.« less


On the basis of Kirchhoff technique the computer software for calculation the amplitude and phase characteristics of radiation from an open-ended circular waveguide and conical horn in near field and intermediate field zones has been produced. The dependencies of electromagnetic fields on the axial distance from the antenna are analysed and the far field zone distance boundary is specified for small waveguide apertures.


5036 Background: In metastatic PC, tracking genomic alterations over time and with treatment can predict disease outcomes, guide treatment, and identify novel therapeutic targets. Analysis of peripheral blood ctDNA offers a non-invasive liquid biopsy for genomic profiling, but ctDNA often comprises a small portion of total cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the blood, requiring high depth of sequencing which may still miss PC-relevant variants. We and others have shown that single CTCs captured from the same blood sample yield additional PC-relevant genomic data when combined with ctDNA profiling, but currently there is no assay that can be applied uniformly to both analytes. Here, we present a new amplicon-based sequencing panel capable of detecting PC-relevant variants in both cfDNA and single CTCs. Methods: PC-relevant genes were curated by overlapping reviews of cBioPortal for cancer genomics, the catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer (COSMIC), and PC-relevant genomic literature. HERCULES targets 36 genes with 258 amplicons covering PC-associated mutations and copy number variations. AmpliSeq HD targeted sequencing technology was applied for analysis of both cfDNA and CTCs. Analytical validation was performed sequentially, first using AcroMetrix and Seracare DNA control samples, then single and pooled LNCap and PC3 PC cells and cfDNA, then 8 patient peripheral blood samples of matched plasma cfDNA and single CTCs captured using the RareCyte platform from participants in SWOG S1802, an ongoing CTEP/CIRB-approved phase 3 trial for men with metastatic PC. Results: In DNA control samples with allele frequencies of 1%, 0.25%, and 0.1%, HERCULES displayed sensitivity of 100%, 75%, and 50%, respectively. In matched single cells and cfDNA from cell lines, HERCULES detected 100% of database-annotated somatic variants in cfDNA and in pools of 2 or more cells, and it identified >90% of variants in single cells. In 16 matched patient samples of cfDNA and single CTCs, with read coverage depths of >50,000x for 20ng cfDNA and >1,500x for single CTCs, HERCULES detected shared variants (mean N per sample = 6.1) as well as unique somatic variants (mean of 1.1 CTC variants not called in the cfDNA, and 4.1 cfDNA variants not called in the CTCs). Conclusions: HERCULES is, to our knowledge, the first PC-specific targeted sequencing panel capable of parallel genomic profiling of both ctDNA and CTCs. In our preliminary analytical validation, it detected somatic variants with high sensitivity in matched cfDNA and CTC samples. With additional validation, HERCULES has the potential to augment conventional ctDNA profiling by illuminating both cell-free and cellular genomic evolution during PC treatment and progression.


Four oat β-glucan enriched hydrocolloids (Nutrim10, C-Trim20, C-Trim30, C-Trim50), oat bran concentrate (OBC), and β-Glucan95 were investigated for antioxidant and pasting properties. C-Trim30 had the highest soluble phenolic content, followed by C-Trim20. The trend of antioxidant activity was similar with that of phenolic contents. The phenolic content of the extracts increased with increasing temperatures. The highest content of soluble phenolic compounds was found at temperatures up to 100℃ for most samples regardless of solvent. Water extracts had significantly higher phenolic contents than extracts from 50% ethanol at 100℃ for all samples with the exception of C-Trim30. However, the effect of temperature and solvent concentrations was not as apparent for antioxidant activity as that observed for phenolic content. In general, the differences in three different solvents were not as apparent. Significantly higher water holding capacities were found for C-Trim30 and C-Trim50 than the other samples while β-Glucan 95 had substantially the highest paste viscosity followed by C-Trim50 and C-Trim30.


Cover crop-based reduced tillage (CCBRT) systems can provide multiple benefits in cucurbit cropping systems, including potential to reduce spread of soil-borne pathogens, minimize erosion, and decrease weed pressure. Despite benefits and farmer interest, adoption has been limited, in part due to inconsistent weed suppression and potential for reduced yields. Prior studies have suggested that N competition, allelopathy, and lower temperature may be factors in reducing vegetable yield in CCBRT systems. A strip tillage approach has been suggested as one strategy that could mitigate those issues, but cucurbit yields using these systems have shown mixed results in prior studies, some of which did not include other important considerations for growers such as the impact on weed and pest pressure. In 2018 and 2019, CCBRT strip till practices for organic acorn winter squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) production were assessed in Wisconsin on certified organic land. Combinations of different between-row (aisle) and in-row mulches were compared to attempt to identify reduced tillage combinations that effectively manage weeds while resulting in yields comparable to full tillage production, testing our hypothesis that no differences between production systems would be observed due to strip tillage and plastic mulch warming soil and minimizing competition while promoting cash crop growth. Aisle treatments included roller-crimped cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) mulch, straw mulch and cultivated bare ground, and in-row treatments included plastic mulch, ground straw mulch, and cultivated ground. Weed and pest counts, weed management time, and yields were compared between treatments. Plots managed with rye and straw in the aisles had significantly less weed pressure as compared to cultivated aisle treatments, although rye required more weed management time than ground straw mulch. In addition, rye resulted in lower marketable yield due to higher proportion unmarketable fruit in 2018, likely related to a 25 cm rain event 2 weeks prior to harvest. A significant row mulch × aisle mulch interaction was observed for marketable fruit m−1, showing that yield was not significantly affected by the type of in-row mulch in plots with crimped rye mulch in the aisle. Pressure from squash bugs (Anasa tristis) was also higher in treatments with organic or synthetic mulches (straw in aisles or rows, rye in aisles, and plastic in rows). Our results support previous evidence that crimped rye can be an effective mulching strategy to reduce weed pressure, with more efficient management than traditional straw mulch. However, crimped rye systems may have negative implications for yield and pest pressure regardless of the use of a strip-tillage approach, indicating that more research is needed to refine the production system.


We use high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering to study the low-temperature magnetic excitations of electron-doped superconducting Pr$_{0.88}$LaCe$_{0.12}$CuO$_{4-\delta}$ ($T_c=21\pm 1$ K) over a wide energy range (4 meV$\le\hbar\omega\le 330$ meV). The effect of electron-doping is to cause a wave vector ($Q$) broadening in the low-energy ($\hbar\omega\le 80$ meV) commensurate spin fluctuations at ($\pi$,$\pi$) and to suppress the intensity of spin-wave-like excitations at high energies ($\hbar\omega\ge 100$ meV). This leads to a substantial redistribution in the spectrum of the local dynamical spin susceptibility $\chi^{\prime\prime}(\omega)$, and reveals a new energy scale similar to that of the lightly hole-doped YB$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.353}$ ($T_c=18$ K).


Nowadays usually the Behavior Driven Development is the approach of choice for the quality control engineers, especially for the long-term projects with the big amount of the audits, because of its main advantage - clear test scenarios visualization and understanding for the not involved persons. However, this approach could not reach its maximum efficiency without proper usage, but the documentation covers only the high-level practices which are not always enough to write the good test scenarios. That is why it is needed to describe the best practices and techniques of the usage of behavior-driven development, formed with the experience of its use. These practices would help to create correct and well understandable behavior scenarios, with the ability to use them as part of the technical documentation. Behavior-driven development would be considered in the comparison with the test-driven development and the domain-driven design approaches - the other important strategies in the quality assurance process.


Twenty-eight genotypes of egusi-melon collected from five ecological zones of Nigeria were evaluated to estimate the magnitude of genetic variability, relationship of some seed yield traits and contribution of seed yield components to seed yield. The results obtained showed a highly significant difference (P>0.01) among the genotypes for most of the traits studied. Seed weight (C.V=86.36%), pod weight (C.V=60.96%), number of pods (C.V=54.00%), and seed weight/pod weight ratio (C.V=57.09%) per plant were the more variable traits. Relatively high broad sense heritability (h 2 bs) was associated with seed weight (h 2 bs = 50.86%), number of pods (h 2 bs = 57.14%) and pod weight (h 2 bs = 51.46%) per plant. Highly significant (P>0.01) and positive correlation was obtained between seed weight and number of pods (r = 0.58) and pod weight (r = 0.57) and seed weight/pod weight ratio (r = 0.46) per plant indicating that seed weight per plant increased simultaneously with number of pods, pod weight and seed weight/pod weight ratio per plant. Pod weight, number of pods and seed weight/pod weight ratio perweight per plant. Pod number, pod weight and seed weight/pod weight ratio should be given adequate consideration in egusi-melon improvement programs.


Purpose – The study aims to understand how dynamic capabilities (DCs) contribute to business model innovation (BMI) in sustainable family farming. The agrifood sector has been seeking solutions for the development of agroecological markets. Thus, the authors have analyzed the challenges imposed to innovationandsustainabilitystrategicmanagementandthevaluepropositiontosustainthebusinessovertheyears. Design/methodology/approach – Considering the complexity of organizations and through an exploratory multiple case study of initiatives identified in the Organic Fair of Curitiba ' s Passeio P (cid:1) ublico, it was possible to analyze the evolution of the business models (BMs) and the fair itself. Furthermore, it was possible to identify the DCs within the influence of agroecosystem elements on the innovation development. Findings – Analyzingeachcaseindividually,theauthorsunderstoodthedifferentdimensionsoftheevolution of BMs considering the organizational complexity. The authors conclude that the balance between organizational practices and changes in the environment, engagement and learning plays a significant role in the developing competitive advantage. The same applies to the patterns that precede the development of DCs and BMs. Originality/value – The article investigates innovation in agroecological BMs from a dynamic capability perspective. The agroecological BM is a subject that is still little discussed in the literature. In addition, the authors chose a context that includes socioenvironmental aspects and a few specificities of family farming in Brazil.


The essential measurable part of human capital is education. Educational, research and development capacities, economic development of regions, labour market, education of the population, and educational effects in regions of the CR in 2008 are the theme of this paper. The authors have analysed the total of 15 indices, which were shown in logical and conclusive mutual relations. The authors tried to quantify and from this point of view to compare the regions of the CR in light of the economic effect of education, which is based on the status of people with university education in the labour market – this is a combination of higher remuneration, higher economic activity and better employability of people with university education. The effect of education was assessed in the relation to the values of corresponding indices for the whole CR. In this case, a special status of the capital city of Prague and Central-Bohemian Region were manifested, while the opposite end of the ladder was occupied by Karlovy Vary Region and Usti Region. In most cases, the status of university educated population of the regions corresponds with the values determined for all the CR. An interesting view can be presented by a comparison inside regions, in the relation to the values of indices for the given region. Here the largest effects from education were manifested mainly in some less developed regions, while e.g. Prague, a traditional leader in all similar analyses, is from this point of view found almost at the back.


We introduce an encoder-decoder recurrent neural network model called Recurrent Neural Aligner (RNA) that can be used for sequence to sequence mapping tasks. Like connectionist temporal classification (CTC) models, RNA defines a probability distribution over target label sequences including blank labels corresponding to each time step in input. The probability of a label sequence is calculated by marginalizing over all possible blank label positions. Unlike CTC, RNA does not make a conditional independence assumption for label predictions; it uses the predicted label at time t − 1 as an additional input to the recurrent model when predicting the label at time t . We apply this model to end-to-end speech recognition. RNA is capable of streaming recognition since the decoder does not employ attention mechanism. The model is trained on transcribed acoustic data to predict graphemes and no external language and pronunciation models are used for decoding. We employ an approximate dynamic programming method to optimize negative log likelihood, and a sampling-based sequence discriminative training technique to fine-tune the model to minimize expected word error rate. We show that the model achieves competitive accuracy without using an external language model nor doing beam search decoding.


The phenomenon rubbed by the heel at the time of walk has effect on change of slip resistance of a floor. The actual abrasion experiment rubbed by the heel was conducted. As a result, the abrasion sample was able to be obtained and change of slip resistance has been grasped. The accelerating abrasion machine of the floor which gives the abrasion load by the phenomenon to rub was developed. With the developed accelerating abrasion machine, change of the slip resistance obtained in the actual abrasion experiment is reproducible.


The ergonomics problem related to the casual laborers which here focus on rock breakers as their job, covers some aspects such as their muscle usage, working hours, postures, tools and environments. The ergonomics problem created health problems where the workers are having Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and fatigue. This study intends to prove that exercising nerve-tendon mobilization and short break through ergonomics approach will be able to reduce the volume CTS complaints and the fatigue of the rock breakers. This study involves 7 samples from the controlling group and 7 samples from the intervention group. The CTS complaints are measured by using Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) from Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) and the fatigue was surveyed through 30 questionnaires from Item of Rating Scale of Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC). The Data were analyzed by applying Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software. The goals of this study is to give nerve-tendon mobilization exercise and short break through ergonomics approach related to the problem of muscle usage, working hours, postures, tools and environments would lessen the CTS complaints about 12,71% while the fatigue level in the amount of 5,69% that has been experienced by the rock breakers.


Governance has been a key concept in urban studies since the late 1980s. This paper reflects on its use and development over the past 25 years and identifies contemporary innovations and concerns that will likely define the future of urban governance studies. The paper argues that to fully understand the impacts of governance approaches on our understanding of cities, urban regions and global urbanism, we must address how urbanism, rather than urbanisation, is governed. An attention to urbanism highlights a wider range of scholarly work on how the mutually constitutive relationships between the development of built environments and the identities, practices, struggles and opportunities of everyday social life are governed. In introducing 15 contributions from the archives of Urban Studies, the paper employs a heuristic framing – urban governance studies (UGS) 1.0, 2.0, and beyond – to show that, while governance as a contemporary critical concept gained prominence through the work of Marxian political economists concerned largely with urbanisation (UGS 1.0), other work, analysing the governance of other aspects of urbanism, including identity and citizenship (UGS 2.0), also has a significant history. The paper then points to ways in which urban governance studies grapple with future-defining challenges, such as climate change, and new framings, such as the 'smart city', while extending the scope of their analyses both temporally and spatially. The paper concludes by pointing to gaps and potential topics for ongoing attention.


Despite the vast research on Abdulaziz Ibn Saud, the founder of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, there has been little attention given to the impact of his representation by the British, French and U.S. press in the first half of the twentieth century. The man who built the kingdom in line with his Islamic sect's doctrine has been portrayed as a puritan reformer and a modernist, in sharp contrast with the negative representation of other Arabs who happened to be fighting against French and British domination of the region at the time. This research is important for our understanding of how media representation was both a catalyst that contributed to building a reputation and a destiny for Ibn Saud and Saudi Arabia, and also a tool in the hands of the great powers of the time. This study is based on a critical examination of news articles and features published by French, British and American journalists from 1920 until Ibn Saud's death in 1953.


Weak values are the fundamental values for observables in a pre- and post-selected system. Weak values are typically measured by weak measurement, in which weak values appear in the change of not the pre- and post-selected system but the probe system. This indirect characteristic of weak measurement obscures the meaning of weak values for the pre- and post-selected system, in contrast to conventional physical quantities, which have a clear operational meaning. In this study, we operationally formulate weak values as the sensitivity of post-selection probability amplitude to small transformation in a pre- and post-selected system. This formulation of weak values, which is free from the concept of probe shift assumed in weak measurement, gives a direct interpretation of strange weak values for the pre- and post-selected system. We further explain that this formulation can simplify weak-value measurement experiments because no probe system is required.


the 10 patients with DEB died of DCM, within 2 years of the time of diagnosis of DCM. The prevalence of DCM in DEB is unknown. Melville et al. reported two patients with DCM out of 25 patients with recessive DEB (8%), and Sidwell et al. reported six in 61 (10%). Most patients with DCM were diagnosed around the age of 10 years (mean 10Æ16, SD ± 6Æ99). Therefore, echocardiography should be recommended in patients with recessive DEB before the age of 10 years.


The Mesoamerican Mesorhaga Schiner are revised, illustrated and keyed, and include twelve species, ten of them newly described: Mesorhaga lacrymans Parent (Costa Rica and Panama), M. cocori n. sp., M. hule n. sp., M. sarukhani n. sp., M. baadsvicki n. sp., M. villanuevi n. sp. (all Costa Rica), M. isthmia n. sp. (Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Mexico), M. adunca (Van Duzee) (Guatemala), M. mexicana n. sp., M. falciunguis n. sp., M. minatitlan n. sp., and M. nayaritensis n. sp. (all Mexico). A checklist of the New World Mesorhaga fauna is provided along with notes on selected species. M funebris Parent from the tropical Andes is redescribed and the male postabodomen of M. caudata Van Duzee from Georgia, U.S.A. is illustrated.


Dynamic composite and diagnostic analyses were performed for the northward/westward moving tropical cyclones(TC)of 7 cases each after their landfall on the southeast coast of China in 1970—2006.The different characters of large scale circulation for the two categories of landfalling TCs are found.The results show that the north moving TCs after landfalling gained the baroclinic energy and westerly momentum from the mid-latitude jet stream,which is favorable to the maintenance of the TCs over land,while the westward moving TCs did not gain the energy and momentum due to far away from the mid-latitude baroclinic front zone.The north moving TCs had moisture supply from the southwest low-level jet when landfalling,and from the southeast warm/wet flow after its decaying;yet the westward moving TCs got away from the southwest low-level jet after its decaying,and also did not have moisture supply from the southeast warm/wet flow.The vertical shear of the circulation of the northward moving TCs increased after their gain of baroclinic energy from the mid-latitude baroclinic front zone,the upper level divergence over the center of the TCs experienced a strong-weak-strong evolution process,i.e.the TCs experienced an extratropical transition process,however the westward moving TCs did not have energy supply from the environmental flow field,gradually decaying.The results of this study could help the operational forecast on the extratropical transition of a tropical cyclone over land after its landfalling.


This bachelor thesis discusses the information needs of patients with a planned implantation of the pacemaker.
The aim of the study is to determine whether patients had enough information before the operation, what method have been informed and whether they were also advised about possible complications and whether some particular fear.
The practical outcome of this work is an educational leaflet, which should be helpful for patients who are candidates for implantation


Dark matter has become one of the longest standing mysteries in physics. The main idea behind dark matter is simple: on the largest of scales, luminous matter cannot account for the observed motion and clustering of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. Some unseen object, particle or force with the ability to interact gravitationally must be present throughout the universe to explain these observations. Since it was first hypothesized in 1933, some progress has been made to improve our understanding of this mystery. The indirect evidence indicating the existence of dark matter is extensive and gives many clues as to possible composition and distribution. LZ is an experiment whose goal is to finally observe the existence of dark matter through direct detection.


The article is devoted to the development of methods of teaching the third-year students of specialty 035 Philology, the educational program "Language and Literature (German). Translation" to read independently in German taking into account the individually-differentiated approach as an optimization factor. The positive role of this type of educational activity in the academic process as an additional reserve for optimization and intensification of the German language learning process is highlighted. A wide range of views of scientists on the powerful potential of independent learning is presented. The notion of "independent reading" is specified. In the organization of independent reading, the author traces the dynamics of learning strategies that depend on the psychological characteristics of students. The article presents the criteria for selecting authentic German texts for independent reading. Attention is drawn to certain difficulties associated with reading authentic German texts. To provide practical assistance to students in mastering the technology of independent reading, a significant algorithmic instruction has been developed as a regulated scheme of educational actions for the presentation of the German work of art, which has been read. The article offers samples of language/speech standards-clichés for writing a report (retelling). To assess students' level of the German language through the mastered technology of independent reading, a questionnaire "Bewertungsbogen zur Buchvorstellung" was compiled, which students are asked to fill out after the public presentation of the selected work of art. The reserve possibilities of students in the combination of communicative-cognitive, emotional-motivational, and aesthetic planes are revealed. The potential of the method of independent reading is very powerful in the self-education of the future specialist (initiative, comprehensively educated) and is an important stage of continuous professional development of the student.


An ultrawideband frequency selective surface (FSS) absorber with high angular stability and polarization independency applied in a microwave band is proposed. The absorber is composed of three identical Teflon layers and dual FSS layers with distinct patterns. The miniaturized FSSs with unique patterns demonstrate advantages of facile manipulation of the impedance and multiple resonances in an ultrawide frequency range. The use of identical dielectric substrate greatly reduces the complexity in the absorber design, compared with the conventional way that requires variable dielectric constants for a multilayer structure. Experimental results reveal that more than 90% absorption rate in the frequency range of 2.79–20.62 GHz for normal incidence is achieved. The absorption rate can still retain more than 80% in the range of 4.41–20.93 GHz for both TE and TM polarizations with an incidence of 60°.


When the Juglans Sigillata Dode was introduced to Yuxi district in 2009,it happened to come across an unusual 4 year drought that lasted from 2009 to 2012,this study focuses on and inspects the ground diameter,height growth and fruit bearing of Juglans Sigillata Dode seedling plantations of Lingxiu group 2 in the Phoenix Street Office,which underwent treatments including using urea fertilization,compound fertilization,compound phosphorus fertilization,walnut fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer these five different types of fertilizers separately and separate watering treatments such as no spring watering and spring watering once,twice and three times.The results showed that under conditions of watering 3 times a year,pest control and pruning,the Juglans Sigillata Dode seedling plantations showed significant height differences when used with different fertilizers,of which the slow-release fertilizer induced the most significant growth effect,causing the seedling to grow a height of 3.50 ± 0.68m after 4 years with a ground diameter of 11.2 ± 1.25 cm;the Juglans Sigillata Dode seedlings which received no watering barely showed growth and more watering received,the bigger the height and ground diameter of the seedlings;under the condition of keeping up with the water supply and spring watering 3 times,the five types of fertilizers used all produced fruit bearing in the third year;when the plantations had abundant fertilizers used slow-release fertilizers,the time it took for the fruit bearings to be produced varied with the amount of spring watering received: watering 3 times saw fruit bearings in the third year while watering 2 times saw it in the fourth year and watering once or no watering didn't produce fruit bearings.


Based on the needs of system control strategy and taking the output of active power filter into consideration,a switch function method was adopted to build the mathematical model of parallel hybrid active power filter.This paper also presents a feed forward and double loop control technology,its double loop control including a inductor current inner loop control and instantaneous voltage outer loop control.Experimental results show that the system can achieve good sinusoidal output waveform,fast dynamic response and high precision of output current.


OBJECTIVE:To analyze the risk factors of renal impairment induced by some contrast mediums to guide clinical prevention and cure of renal impairment. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2006J, the case histories of 231 Iopromide (monomeric non-ionic contrast agent) users for coronary arteriongraphy, 66 Iohexol users for enhanced CT scan, 30 Dimeglumine Gadopentetate (paramagnetic) users for enhanced MRI and 39 Nuclide users were investigated retrospectively. The renal lesion was analyzed and evaluated based on laboratory tests before and after medication. The primary end point was renal impairment and the secondary end point was lesion of liver function and hematopoietic system. RESULTS: Renal impairment was noted in 7 Iopromide users (3.03%), 1 Iohexol user (1.51%), 4 Nuclide users (10.26%), and none of Dimeglumine Gadopentetate users. CONCLUSION: Nonionic contrast medium can has nephrotoxicity. The major risk factor of renal impairment in Iopromide users is the baseline level of Scr, higher risk coefficient involved if Scr90μmol/L. Iohexol and Nuclide also can induce renal impairment, but the risk factors were not significant in this study. Dimeglumine Gadopentetate is safer and unlikely to cause renal impairment.


Color video cameras using a single solid state image sensor derive color from a multiplexed signal which is obtained optically by superimposing a mosaic color filter array in the image plane of the sensor. The problem of optimizing the color filter array together with the corresponding decoding scheme is discussed and a systematic study of various color encoding schemes is given.


A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GF-AAS) method for the determination of Be2+in food sample was established by pre-extraction using 7-(2'-arsenazo acid-5'-carboxylic acid) phenylazo-8-hydroxyl-quinoline-5-sulfonic acid(H2L) as extraction agent.The separation and enrichment of Be ion in food samples was performed on a C18-solid phase extraction(C18-SPE) column.The optimum experimental conditions were using 50 μL 50 g/L H2L to react with Be ion in pH 3.0 buffer for 15 min,with flow rate of 1.5 mL/min.The analyte was eluted by 2.0 mL 50%(by volume) methanol solution.The calibration curve showed a good linearity over the Be concentration in the range of 0.05-14 μg /L with a detection limit of 0.02 μg/L.The method was applied to the determination of Be in rice and flavor samples and the results obtained were in good agreement with those of ICP-AES method.The method was probably employed in the determination of Be2+in food with complex matrix.


Wherein herein - a method for the treatment of tumor and metastasis to improve the angiogenic therapy and compositions are provided. Antiangiogenic composition and the anti-combined in a biological system to inhibit this mechanism in the beta 1 integrin composition, tumors and metastases are removed from an appropriate blood supply, cause including a tumor cell death, tumor cell growth arrest and possible degeneration can. The composition in the form of a pharmaceutical composition or compositions, wherein the anti -VEGF combination with drug-drug and a beta-1 integrin. The method of treatment and imaging is also described.


aim of  the study : This study was designed to set up proper laser parameters including laser type, power intensity and time of application for glazing of a particular glass-ceramic.

The effect of laser glazing of the glass-ceramics on structural and roughness was investigated, evaluated and compared with the recommended glazing technique.

material and methods :The materials used in this study were two commercially available lithium disilicate ceramics, fabricated by two different techniques: conventional lost wax (Injectable heat – pressed) and machinable Computer Aided Design / Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/ CAM) techniques. A total of 50 ceramic samples in the form of discs (5mm diameter and 2 mm thickness). For CAD/ CAM samples, a total of 50 discs were done sequentiallyin the Cerec 3 CPUacquisition unit. Two glazing techniques were adopted to the studied ceramic samples namely; conventional glazing and laser glazing. For each material subjected to the different glazing protocols structural Analysis, Surface Roughness was measured before and after glazing using white light Profilometry.

results: Results of surface roughness (Ra) of the two investigated materials; IPS E-max press and IPS E-max CAD using two different surface treatments; conventional glazing and laser glazing in comparison to the control group are presented. For of M1; IPS E-max press material ANOVA results showed that  the control group had the significantly highest surface roughness  followed by laser glazing, while the conventional glazing showed the significantly lowest mean surface roughness (p <0.001). Regarding  M2; IPS E-max CAD material no significantly difference was found between conventional glazing and laser glazing.
conclusions:Within the limitations of the current study, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. Conventional glazing can be considered as the most reliable glazing technique as regard surface roughness. 2. Laser glazing with high power density increased the surface roughness of lithium silicate based ceramics.


Using recent data for the decays f 0 → γγ , f 0 → ππ , we determine the mixing angle of scalar mesons in a chiral quark σ -model. This value is employed to analyze of the kaon polarizability. It is shown that pole diagrams from intermediate scalar mesons and their mixing angle significantly affect the electromagnetic polarizability of charged and neutral kaons. Our results are compared with other models and the results of the chiral symmetry limit. The temperature dependence of the kaon polarizabilities is investigated.


Through investigating the acceptability of the development of tourism in Xiangfan and scenic areas.This essay analyzed the present situation of the Xiangfan tourism development and made some strategy and suggestions and gave Xiangfan tourism management a guidance in the planning and construction in the future.


Carbon-supported Pt–Cu–Fe ternary alloy electrocatalysts have been prepared with two atomic compositions of Pt:Cu:Fe=6:1:1 (denoted as Pt6CuFe/C) and 2:1:1 (denoted as Pt2CuFe/C). The metal alloy structures are investigated by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) at the Pt LIII-edge. Powder XRD analysis shows that alloy particles in the Pt6CuFe/C catalyst form a face-centred cubic structure (AuCu3 type), while those in Pt2CuFe/C catalyst form a face-centred tetragonal structure (AuCu type). EXAFS analyses of the first-neighbour coordination at the Pt LIII-edge for both catalysts show the contraction of Pt–Pt bond distances compared to bulk Pt metal, and also that the ratio of the coordination numbers for Pt and Cu/Fe atoms are statistically consistent with the catalyst composition. Some alloy catalysts exhibit ca. 50% higher catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction than Pt-only catalysts. The enhanced catalytic activity may be due to the formation of an ordered alloy. The catalysts which display higher ordering show higher mass activity. Cyclic voltammetry reveals the influence of the adsorptive strength of oxygen molecules on the kinetics of oxygen reduction. Unexpectedly, as the adsorptive strength becomes weaker, the specific activity of the alloy catalysts continuously increases, while the mass activity shows a maximum value.


Catheter-based radiofrequency ablation is a highly successful treatment for atrial fibrillation (Af).However,the recurrence of Af is common after catheter ablation.Increasingly,evidence is being published that shows a mechanistic link between inflammatory processes and the development of Af.C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory response marker that is both sensitive and specific,making it useful in monitoring inflammatory responses.Recent studies have shown that increased CRP is an independent predictor for the development of Af.However,the link between increased CRP and the recurrence of Af after radiofrequency ablation has not been established.Therefore,in this article we present and review research investigating the link between CRP and Af.


Background: Epicardial fat volume (EFV) is recognized as an independent risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis. However, it remains unclear whether the computed tomography (CT) attenuation value ...


The subject of this work is the optimization of a topology for sandwich plates with an internal arborescent microstructure. Here, we propose a parametric approach to the optimization using visual programming methods in the Dynamo Sandbox environment. An internal structure of the sandwich plate was optimized in terms of minimizing the weight of the entire structure in relation to the compressive strength. Several variable parameters in the optimization process were applied: lengths of individual tree levels, their cross-sections and locations of nodes. To validate obtained results of the optimization process, a 3D model of the plate was printed and tested on compressive strength. The results were also analysed and compared with other authors' research.


This paper refers to her MA thesis for the University of Birmingham, which assessed how effectively heritage sector mobile phone applications (apps) are currently delivering interpretation to visitors. The full thesis is available here: www.academia.edu/13633679/The_Value_of_Mobile_Phone_Applications_in_Heritage_Interpretation.


Objective
To investigate the clinical features of psychopathology symptoms and function in individuals with attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS) in China.

Method
Seventy-six individuals with APS were identified using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) from 7 research centers. Sixty-two controls in communities were recruited. Participants were administered measures of psychosis risk symptoms Scale of Psychosis-Risk Symptoms (SOPS), depressive symptoms Montgomery-sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and function status Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The above clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between these features were also explored.

Results
Compared with health controls, the APS subjects had higher scores of SOPS (26.25±11.73 vs. 1.48±1.66) and it′s subscales of (positive symptoms (8.75±3.69 vs. 0.31±0.56), negative symptoms (8.06±6.15 vs. 0.33±0.59), disorganized symptoms (3.67±2.84 vs. 0.36±0.66), and general symptoms (5.76±3.40 vs. 0.48±0.67)), and MADRS (12.42±9.39 vs. 0.39±0.98), and a lower score of GAF (62.28±13.25 vs. 88.61±4.74;Z=10.08,10.29,9.19,8.10,8.93,9.69,9.94,all P<0.01). In the individuals with APS, the most common psychosis risk symptoms were unusual thought content (68.4%, 52/76), suspiciousness/persecutory ideas (56.6%, 43/76) and dysphoric mood (48.7%, 37/76). There were 51.3%(39/76)subjects with APS having concurrent depressive symptoms, which were significantly related with negative symptoms(r=0.444, P<0.01)and general symptoms(r=0.571, P<0.01). The GAF significantly negatively correlated with all the psychosis risk symptoms(r=-0.377--0.700, P<0.01) and the depressive symptom(r=-0.370,P<0.01). Moreover, a higher score of the positive symptom (t=-3.19,P=0.002)or the negative symptom (t=-3.81,P<0.01) could significantly predicted a lower score of GAF.

Conclusions
The positive risk symptoms, negative risk symptoms and the social function impairment may be the core clinical symptoms of APS, and the nonspecific risk symptoms and the concurrent depressive symptoms are common as well.

Key words:
Attenuated psychosis syndrome; Clinical features; Preliminary study


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Four Chinese patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), who had different degrees of skin symptoms, were tested for their genetic complementation groups. Skin fibroblasts obtained from the patients were used for complementation analysis done by a cell‐fusion technique. Three of the patients belonged to group C and one, who had the mildest cutaneous manifestations, to group E. This is the first report of a group E XP patient in China. Our present findings together with previous reports suggest that group C XP is more common in China, similar to the distribution among Caucasian XP patients but markedly different from the Japanese distribution.