Stock trading aims to seek profit from the act of buying and selling shares in a flash, so a trader should have the ability to perform technical analysis before carrying out a stock sale and purchase transaction. This study aims to determine the decision to buy and sell shares using technical analysis Moving Average Covergence Divergence. (MACD). A quantitative approach with descriptive techniques is used in this study. The analysis technique of this research is the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) analysis. This study uses a population of shares in the telecommunications sector in Indonesia, namely shares of PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk (FREN), PT. Indosat Tbk (ISAT), PT. XL Axiata Tbk (EXCL), and PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (TLKM). Researchers took daily stock price movement chart data from 15 December 2019 to 15 June 2020 through the PROFITS application. The conclusion of this study is that for the shareholders of the four companies, they should sell shares they own to maximize profits. Keywords: Trading , Saham, MACD


This paper introduces the discovery,uses and the evolution of the production techniques of magnesium sulfate.Various production methods and flowcharts are presented.It is suggested that the market of magnesium sulfate has abroad prospect.In addition,the developing trend is proposed by the authors.


The parameters of interest in polarimetric weather radars, defined in terms of the scattering coefficients of the targets, are affected by non-ideal radiation systems. The effect of cross-polar radiation has been studied and the requirements that radiation patterns must verify in order to maintain an affordable error in the polarimetric estimates have been established. Unfortunately, these requirements are very strict and difficult to achieve with phased array antennas. Recently, it has been shown that the effect caused by non-ideal antenna systems can be separated from the scattering parameters and, consequently, corrected. Hence, this technique could be used to make the transition to phased array polarimetric radar systems feasible. However, this correction method requires knowing the radiation patterns of the antenna, so they must be measured. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the uncertainties introduced by the antenna measurement procedure in the correction of the differential reflectivity factor.


South African businesses are facing unforeseen opportunities and threats following the country's remarkable political transformation that culminated in its first non-racial, democratic elections in April 1994 (Krüger, 1997: 138). The objective of this paper was to understand what core competences a South African motor vehicle assembler requires to survive this era of declining protectionism and increasing competition. It is argued in this paper that organisations that want to compete with the best in the world market needs to adopt lean manufacturing principles. This paper is concerned with the core competences of an organisation and how an organisation identifies and utilises these in order to become a lean enterprise. The qualitative research method was identified as the most appropriate for the study. Two methods of data collection were used i.e. interviews with senior and middle management and a detailed literary study on the subject. The senior management interviews were aimed at identifying what they perceived to be the core competences a motor vehicle assembler requires in order to be a world-class lean manufacturing enterprise. The literary study was the base for the understanding of core competence and lean manufacturing. Finally, a second round of interviews with middle management was conducted to obtain clarity on the perceived role of middle management in the selected organisation's quest to be a lean manufacturing concern. This paper concludes that if an organisation wants to survive it needs to identify and assess its core competences. These competences need to be developed or discarded in the organisation's aims to be a lean manufacturing enterprise by eliminating all forms of non-value added activity. The programmes or projects that the selected organisation embarked on were primarily driven from the top down, placing middle management in the centre with the resistance coming from the lower levels in the organisation. Middle management should be given the necessary tools to overcome the resistance and assist the company to make smooth transitions. CONTENTS PAGE Declaration........................................................................... ii Acknowledgement................................................................. iii Table of contents................................................................... iv List of figures........................................................................ x Abstrak................................................................................ xi Abstract................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER


This study aims to determine the effect and interaction of the use of learning media, mathematical abilities, and critical thinking skills on student achievement. The design of this research is experimental. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA analysis of variance. The results showed: 1) there was an effect of cognitive and affective learning achievement of students who were given learning using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software, but there was no effect on psychomotor learning achievement; 2) there is an effect of cognitive learning achievement of students who have high and low mathematical abilities, but there is no effect on affective and psychomotor learning achievement; 3) there is no effect on cognitive and affective learning achievement of students who have high and low critical thinking skills, but there is an effect on psychomotor learning achievement; 4) there is no interaction between the inquiry model using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software with mathematical ability on students' cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning achievement; 5) there is no interaction between the inquiry model using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software with critical thinking skills on student cognitive and psychomotor learning achievement, but there is an interaction on student affective learning achievement; 6) there is no interaction between mathematical ability and critical thinking skills on student achievement; 7) there is no interaction between the inquiry model using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software, mathematical ability, thinking skills on student achievement.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of retrograde autologous priming(RAP) and modified ultrafiltration(MUF) on children's by- pass. Methods:Forty children undergoing open heart operation were randomly divided into two groups.RAP+MUF group(n= 20) and control group(n=20).The baseline characteristics including body surface area,age,CPB time,and clamp time were re- corded.RAP volume,hematocrit (HCT)changes,time of ventilator and transfusion requirements were measured. Results:There were no significant differences between groups with respect to baseline characteristics.HCT before and dur- ing bypass were similar.HCT was significantly increased after operation in RAP+MUF group.Time of ventilator(RAP+MUF group 106.50+47.85,control group 195.75+77.94,P0.01) and transfusion requirements (total donor exposure,0.15±0.26 versus 0.78±0.62 units,P0.04)were significantly lower in the RAP+MUF group. Conclusions:The combined retrograde autologous priming and modified ultrafiltration is an effective method for children's bypass.


The invention corresponding to chloromethyl-substituted by a fluorinated precursor fluoromethyl of the formula (I) - to a method for preparing the substituted heterocycles: Wherein R


Showcasing a very beautiful colonial style Kerala house design at an area of 5000 sq.ft. This is a luxurious house design which comprises of 6 bedrooms with attached bathrooms.This house has a ground floor area of 3000 sq.ft and first floor area of 2000...


A 1.4 Tbit/s (200 Gbit/s OTDM/spl times/7 channel WDM) signal is successfully transmitted in a 50 km dispersion shifted fibre. A supercontinuum pulse source and arrayed waveguide grating are used to generate WDM channels with 600 GHz spacing, and high-speed TDM techniques are used to multiplex/demultiplex a 200 Gbit/s signal.


Modern cyber-physical systems (CPS) are interdependent, mechanical and IT components that support operations in most of society's critical infrastructures. Time and again history has proven that CPS are vulnerable to numerous types of threats, ranging from safety accidents to cybersecurity malicious attacks. Current research focuses on analyzing the various input vectors in CPS, whether mechanical or IT, to detect and patch flaws and vulnerabilities to mitigate potential impact in operation. Still, there is little work that can inherently analyze the software-based implementation of modern CPS with complex behavior and failure modes. The only vaguely relevant approach involves an operations-based experimentation methodology from NetFlix named chaos engineering (CE) that tests use cases on complex Content Delivery Networks (CDN) to build confidence in their capability to withstand turbulent conditions in production. Conditions can range from hardware failures to DoS attacks, to a malformed injection appearing in a runtime configuration parameter. Yet this approach was only tested on software based CDN, and not on CPS with industrial actuators and mechanical parts that control physical processes. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework that combines CE with digital twin (DT) technology to enhance the detection of operational vulnerabilities and increase the resilience of CPS. To achieve this objective, we integrated CE experimentation into the simulation phase of DT models using material flow networks. This allows us to assess system resilience during the operational stage without disrupting critical operations and identify vulnerable flows and processes within the modeled system. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct experiments on a DT that models a real-world Liquefied Petroleum Gas purification process from an existing oil refinery in the Mediterranean area. The results of these experiments demonstrate the method's effectiveness in capturing the heightened susceptibility of the Gas purification process to adverse events.


Seasonal variation in microhabitat use of the predaceous stream insects Diura nanseni (Plecoptera), and Rhyacophila nubila and R. obliterata (Trichoptera) was studied in northern Finland. Samples were taken in May, August and October from a 2nd order forest stream, and in June and July from a lake outlet where R. obliterata was the only predatory species. Prey, especially simuliid and chironomid larvae, were aggregated on all sampling occasions at both sites. D. nanseni aggregated only in August, and prey availability did not affect its microhabitat use. R. nubila was most strongly aggregated in October and May, favouring stones with high numbers of sedentary prey which also formed the major part of its diet on all sampling occasions. R. obliterata aggregated where simuliids, its most important prey, were abundant. Microhabitat selection and aggres sive defence by the prey, and mutual interference between the predators, are suggested as reasons for the lack of aggregative response by D. nanseni. In contrast, both rhyacophilid species aggregated strongly to microhabitats with temporarily high avail ability of semi-sessile prey.


This work involved preparation of activated carbon from waste tires. The produced carbon from the primary carbonization is activated by using excess amount of mineral hydroxides (LiOH, NaOH and KOH). The quality of the prepared carbon was tested by measuring its iodine number and ability to adsorb the methylene blue. The density and ash content of the prepared carbon were also evaluated. The obtained results were compared with a carbon of a commercial grade supplied by the BDH chemical company. The comparison proved that the prepared carbon is of a good quality and comparable to the commercial one.


For some ten years now, it has been possible, using blockchain technology, to transfer digitally defined units of value, such as Bitcoin, as "crypto tokens" electronically within a network via a cryptographic process that leaves a distinct traceable record without the involvement of intermediaries. The financial sector believes that blockchain technology has the potential to carry out the entire process of settling financial transactions on the basis of digitised values. Existing units of value, such as gold or securities, could be represented by a digitally generated token and made digitally transferable (tokenisation).


This study was aims to determine the effect of ensilage duration and EM4 bioactivator arasto produce good physical quality and the lowest HCN content in cassava peel silage. The design used was a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern (4×3) with 3 replications. The first factor (A) ensilage duration (A0 = no ensilage, A1 = 7 days, A2 = 14 days and A3 = 21 days) and the second factor (B) EM4 levels (B0 = 0%, B1 = 2% and B2 = 4 %). The observed variables included physical quality in the form of color, texture, odor, pH, percentage of shrinkage, and HCN content of cassava peel silage. The data obtained were analyzed with SAS version 9.1 for parametric data.. Meanwhile, non-parametric data was processed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, if it had a significant effect, it was continued with the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the ensilage duration had a significant effect (P<0.05) on color, odor, texture, pH, percentage of shrinkage and HCN content. The EM4 arashad a significant effect (P<0.05) on the color, odor, texture and HCN content but no significant effect (P>0.05) on the pH and the percentage of shrinkage. The interaction between ensilage time and EM4 arashad a significant effect (P<0.05) on texture, pH and HCN content, however there are not significant effect (P>0.05) on color, odor and percentage of shrinkage. The study was concluded that ensilage process up to 21 days and inclusion EM4 at 4% arasresulted in good physical quality and lowest HCN content of cassava peel silage.


Detterbeck F; American College of Chest Physicians. Noninvasive staging of non-small cell lung cancer: ACCP evidenced-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest 2007;132:178S–201S. 4. Silvestri GA, Gonzalez AV, Jantz MA, Margolis ML, Gould MK, Tanoue LT, Harris LJ, Detterbeck FC. Methods for staging non-small cell lung cancer: diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2013;143:e211S–250S. 5. Gould MK, Kuschner WG, Rydzak CE, Maclean CC, Demas AN, Shigemitsu H, Chan JK, Owens DK. Test performance of positron emission tomography and computed tomography for mediastinal staging in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:879–892. 6. Shafazand S, Gould MK. A clinical prediction rule to estimate the probability of mediastinal metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2006;1:953–959. 7. Park SY, Yoon JK, Park KJ, Lee SJ. Prediction of occult lymph node metastasis using volume-based PET parameters in small-sized peripheral non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Imaging 2015;15:21. 8. Tsutani Y, Miyata Y, Nakayama H, Okumura S, Adachi S, Yoshimura M, Okada M. Prediction of pathologic node-negative clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma for optimal candidates undergoing sublobar resection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;144:1365–1371. 9. Tsutani Y, Murakami S, Miyata Y, Nakayama H, Yoshimura M, Okada M. Prediction of lymph node status in clinical stage IA squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2015;47:1022–1026. 10. Zhang Y, Sun Y, Xiang J, Zhang Y, Hu H, Chen H. A prediction model for N2 disease in T1 non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;144:1360–1364. 11. Moons KG, Altman DG, Reitsma JB, Ioannidis JP, Macaskill P, Steyerberg EW, Vickers AJ, Ransohoff DF, Collins GS. Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): explanation and elaboration. Ann Intern Med 2015;162:W1-73. 12. Gould MK, Donington J, Lynch WR, Mazzone PJ, Midthun DE, Naidich DP, Wiener RS. Evaluation of individuals with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer? Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidencebased clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2013;143:e93S–120S. 13. Callister ME, Baldwin DR, Akram AR, Barnard S, Cane P, Draffan J, Franks K, Gleeson F, Graham R, Malhotra P, et al.; British Thoracic Society Pulmonary Nodule Guideline Development Group; British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the investigation and management of pulmonary nodules. Thorax 2015;70:ii1–ii54. 14. Tanner NT, Aggarwal J, Gould MK, Kearney P, Diette G, Vachani A, Fang KC, Silvestri GA. Management of pulmonary nodules by community pulmonologists: a multicenter observational study. Chest 2015;148:1405–1414. 15. Tanner NT, Porter A, Gould M, Li XJ, Vachani A, Silvestri GA. Physician assessment of pre-test probability of malignancy and adherence with guidelines for pulmonary nodule evaluation. Chest [online ahead of print] 20 Jan 2017; DOI: 10.1016/j.chest. 2017.01.018. 16. Almeida FA, Casal RF, Jimenez CA, Eapen GA, Uzbeck M, Sarkiss M, Rice D, Morice RC, Ost DE. Quality gaps and comparative effectiveness in lung cancer staging: the impact of test sequencing on outcomes. Chest 2013;144:1776–1782. 17. Farjah F, Flum DR, Ramsey SD, Heagerty PJ, Symons RG, Wood DE. Multi-modality mediastinal staging for lung cancer among medicare beneficiaries. J Thorac Oncol 2009;4:355–363. 18. Vest MT, Tanoue L, Soulos PR, Kim AW, Detterbeck F, Morgensztern D, Gross CP. Thoroughness of mediastinal staging in stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2012;7:188–195. 19. Detterbeck F, Puchalski J, Rubinowitz A, Cheng D. Classification of the thoroughness of mediastinal staging of lung cancer. Chest 2010;137: 436–442. 20. Little AG, Rusch VW, Bonner JA, Gaspar LE, Green MR, Webb WR, Stewart AK. Patterns of surgical care of lung cancer patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2005;80:2051–2056. [Discussion, p. 2056.] 21. Little AG, Gay EG, Gaspar LE, Stewart AK. National survey of non-small cell lung cancer in the United States: epidemiology, pathology and patterns of care. Lung Cancer 2007;57:253–260.


Review(s) of: Television Studies After TV: Understanding Television in the Post-broadcast Era, Turner, Graeme and Jinna Tay (eds), Routledge, London, 2009, ISBN 9 7804 1547 7703, x + 214 pp., 19.99.


The overall teaching mode reform,education technology reform,the reform of teaching methods,teachers' comprehensive quality promotion constitute the main content of the new situation of college English teaching reform. The colleges should under the support of multimedia teaching techniques and immersion type virtual reality technology,eventually realize the reform goals which clearly involve in the college English curriculum requirements.


The main frequency is an important parameter of an electrical power system. The frequency can change over a small range due to generation-load mismatches. Some power system protection and control applications, e.g., frequency relay for load shedding, load-frequency controller, require accurate and fast estimation of the frequency. Most digital algorithms for measuring frequency have acceptable accuracy if voltage waveforms are not distorted. However, due to nonlinear devices, e.g., semiconductor rectifiers, electric arc furnaces, the voltage waveforms can include higher harmonics. The paper presents a new method of measurement of power system frequency, based on digital filtering and Prony's estimation method. Simulation results confirm, that the proposed method is more accurate than others, e.g., than the method based on the measurement of angular velocity of the rotating voltage phasor. A precise digital algorithm based on Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT) to estimate the frequency of a sinusoid with harmonics in real-time is proposed. This algorithm that we called the Smart Discrete Fourier Transforms (SDFT) smartly avoids the errors that arise when frequency deviates from the nominal frequency, and keeps all the advantages of the DFT e.g., immune to harmonics and the recursive computing can be used in SDFT. These make the SDFT more accurate than conventional DFT based techniques. In addition, this method is recursive and very easy to implement, so it is very suitable for use in real-time. We provide the simulation results compared with a conventional DFT method and second-order Prony method to validate the claimed benefits of SDFT.


Abstract In electron scattering spectroscopy, atomic and molecular energy levels are studied by accurate measurement of the flux of non-relativistic energy-monochromated electrons scattered in angle with analysed energy loss. The measurements are expressed using the Bethe and Born approximations in terms of generalized oscillator strengths, which can be calculated from known wave-functions, and which serve as a sensitive test of the quality of wave-functions. Total as well as differential crsss-sections are useful in this respect. Energy loss spectra can also be measured at the threshold of excitation. Low impact energy (1–20 eV) spectra show up the existence of resonances, or compound states of electron and atom or molecule, appearing as structure in the cross-section functions. Spectroscopic constants and assignments of these resonances can be obtained from differential cross-sections for excitation of available channels. The electric and magnetic deflection techniques for the high-resolution momentum m...


The purpose was to analyse the temporal and spatial clustering of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)cases in Henan Province in 2010.The HFRS data in day and county levels in Henan Province in 2010 was sorted and fitted by Poisson distribution and negative binomial distribution.The clustering parameter k was calculated by maximum likelihook method.In the fitting of temporal distribution and theoretical distribution,the χ2 value of Poisson distribution was 51.251 9(P0.05).The χ2 value of negative binomial distribution was 0.414 3,k=0.561 3(P0.05).In the fitting of spatial distribution and theoretical distribution,the χ2 value of Poisson distribution was 67.121 3(P0.05).The χ2 value of negative binomial distribution was 7.254 3,k=0.845 5(P0.05).The temporal and spatial distribution of HFRS cases in day level and county level fitted negative binomial distribution and presented the temporal and spatial clustering in Henan Province in 2010.


A listener in a communicative interaction must decide whether or not a speaker's message has been informative. Young children often base their assessments of ambiguous messages on the age of the speaker rather than the actual message perhaps because they lack knowledge of the communicative rule that a message must distinguish referent from nonreferents. This research investigated whether young children typically attend to the age of the speaker when they lack knowledge of other communicative rules. Two experiments compared how children evaluate three types of uninformative messages (ambiguous, incomplete, inconsistent) and whether and why the speaker's age affects the evaluation of each. First and fourth graders played a referential communication game with either a peer or an adult speaker. Results indicated that incomplete messages were the easiest to evaluate and inconsistent messages were the most difficult. The evaluation of ambiguous messages was affected by the age of the child and the age of the speaker. Although older children attended solely to the quality of the message, first graders based their evaluations of ambiguous and inconsistent messages on the age of the speaker. Adult speakers' messages were evaluated more positively than peers' because the young children thought the adults were smart and therefore more likely to be good communicators. Discussion focuses on what children need to learn to be effective communicators. A listener in a communicative interaction must decide whether or not a speaker's message has been informative. Although young children typically respond correctly to informative messages, they generally do worse than older children when responding to ambiguous messages, one type of uninformative communication (Patterson & Kister, 1981). These discrepancies in responding to different types of messages may be due to what exactly communication requires of the listener. Whitehurst and Sonnenschein (1985) have hypothesized that communication consists of substantive skills (e.g., factual or conceptual knowledge), enabling skills (e.g., information-processing, vocabulary), and procedural rules (e.g., knowing the communicative rules to follow to be an effective communicator). Each component is important, and deficits in any could hinder performance. Furthermore, the components may be interactive in their effects. According to Whitehurst and Sonnenschein, the various communicative components seem to develop at different rates, with knowledge of the several procedural rules being the last to occur. Thus, for example, not until elementary school do children realize that an informative communication must distinguish referent from nonreferents (Difference rule) or that one must monitor one's comprehension to determine if one has understood what has been said (Comprehension Monitoring rule). Because


Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) based on top-down fabricated nanostructures such as nanoantennas and metasurfaces has attracted much attention in recent years. These plasmonic resonant nanostructures can enhance the IR absorption signal of nearby molecules through its nearfield enhancement and have been shown to be able to detect adsorbed monolayers of proteins and lipids through their IR absorption spectra. Here, we demonstrate the continuous monitoring of cellular responses to stimuli using metasurface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy (MEIRS). A431 cells are seeded on a gold plasmonic metasurface fabricated on CaF2 substrate. Continuous monitoring is made possible by integrating the metasurface with a flow chamber, and the IR absorption spectra of the attached cells are measured in reflectance mode under continuous perfusion of cell culture medium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the cells preferentially adhere to gold surfaces rather than CaF2 surfaces, suggesting that the IR signal measured through MEIRS is highly sensitive to the cells' attachment and interaction with the gold metasurface. We have monitored the effect of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a cholesterol-depleting compound, on A431 cells. Principal component analysis highlighted the complex and subtle spectral changes of the cells.


We prove an existence result for a class of nonlinear parabolic systems. Without assumptions on the growth of some nonlinear terms, we prove the existence of a renormalized solution.


In Bayesian networks, exact belief propagation is achieved through message passing algorithms. These algorithms (ex: inward and outward) provide only a recursive definition of the corresponding messages. In contrast, when working on hidden Markov models and variants, one classically first defines explicitly these messages (forward and backward quantities), and then derive all results and algorithms. In this paper, we generalize the hidden Markov model approach by introducing an explicit definition of the messages in Bayesian networks, from which we derive all the relevant properties and results including the recursive algorithms that allow to compute these messages. Two didactic examples (the precipitation hidden Markov model and the pedigree Bayesian network) are considered along the paper to illustrate the new formalism and standalone R source code is provided in the appendix.


The invention discloses a fixed structure of a coaxial contact element and an mounting plate, comprising the coaxial contact element and the insulated mounting plate and being characterized in that the coaxial contact element is a sidestep axle of which the axle journal is provided with a self-correcting section, a clearance-avoiding section, an oriented section and a positioning section; axial vertical stripes are arranged in the middle of the oriented section; mounting holes on the insulated mounting plate are counter holes with distributed ribs; the coaxial contact element is arranged inside the mounting holes on the insulated mounting plate in a pressurized mode; and the axial vertical stripes of the coaxial contact element are clamped with the distributed ribs so as to fix the coaxial contact element inside the mounting holes axially. Compared with the prior art, the fixed structure has the advantages of good and stable electrical property and radio-frequency performance, simple structure and good coordination reliability, can ensure the coaxial connector to be connected reliably and stably in a specified frequency range and is suitable for high-frequency signal transmission in the communication field.


Background: An insulin pump is an advanced technology offering new options of bolus – normal (N), dual wave (D‐W) or square wave (S‐W) bolus to deliver mealtime insulin.


This paper explores the new conditions and ideational framework within which post‐compulsory education and training is placed in England and Wales. It does so by examining the impact of ideas derived from post‐Fordist analyses and stakeholding theory as well as the arguments put forward by left modernizers. It seeks to consider the limits and possibilities that surround these ideas which have provided a new inflection or accenting of educational policy. This accenting connects a concern with social inclusion and cohesion to global competitiveness. The paper concludes by suggesting that the project of left modernizers is seriously compromised through its entrapment within a capitalist logic, but that nevertheless the potential for struggle remains within the contradictions of the discourse and rhetoric surrounding educational policy.


The method disclosed in the waste acid resulting from the low-pressure methanol carbonylation process of the present invention is the separation and extraction of acetic acid, comprising the steps of: 1, containing acetic acid, propionic acid, iodide, acetaldehyde, methyl acetate, organic and inorganic salts acetic acid and other impurities into the rectification column of waste; 2, recovery of high purity and high concentration of acetic acid and propionic acid from spent acid in step 1 by a multi-step distillation process, the distillation process utilizes a distillation process in general. Advantage of the present invention is that: a waste treatment process without acetic acid into the other drugs, raw material cost is zero, and the simple process and low operation cost; 2, compared to the classical method of the treatment process of waste incineration international acetic acid, after then put the amount of separation burning, reduced to the original 1/5 ~ 1/15, thus reducing the waste of resources and environmental pollution.


Electromagnetically-induced transparency is observed in a three-level multi-V-type system in cesium vapour at room temperature. The absorption property is measured and the hyperfine structures of atomic states can be determined. The results of the experiment agree with the theoretical analysis.


SUMMARY Prominent arrivals in the coda of seismograms from the wider Alpine area can be associated with lateral reflections of Love waves at the northern Apennines mountain chain (Italy), where structural heterogeneity causes an abrupt contrast in phase velocity. We discuss an approach to image lateral heterogeneity from reflected surface waves using intermediate-period, threecomponent coda waveforms as sources for an adjoint wavefield that propagates the reflections backward in time. We numerically compute three-dimensional sensitivity kernels for the dependence of coda waveforms on P velocity, S velocity and density, based upon correlations between the adjoint and the regular forward wavefields. We consider synthetic coda waveforms for a simplified model of the northern Apennines, as well as real coda observations from five moderate magnitude earthquakes (M W 4.6–5.6) in the southern Alps. Wave propagation is simulated using the spectral-element method, for which a 3-D regional earth model is used in the case of real data. Single and combined event sensitivity kernels provide clear images of the reflectivity associated with the northern Apennines in kernels for density and S-wave speed. The kernels show that surface wave reflections occur near the axial zone of the mountain chain. Apart from the Apennines, the approach is able to image other smaller reflectivity patches from the coda waveforms, like the Ivrea zone in the southern Alps. Our coda misfit kernels can be integrated in a gradient-based waveform tomography, where they could enhance the sharpness of the model at lateral discontinuities.


As everyone is aware, languages, economics, and social sciences are generally treated as "extras" in [engineering] curricula, and are as generally regarded as superfluous "chores" by the students. The difficulty in present school practices evidently lies in the exclusion from the technical work of all consideration of the questions of human values and costs; and, conversely, the isolation of the humanistic studies from all technical interest. (Mann, 1918, p. 92)


The success of Carson McCullers in showing the particular depressed-stage of a teenager in her work The Member of Wedding benefits not only from the sensitivity to theme and to the mental of teenagers but also from the using of soundscape.The essay analyses three functions of soundscape in the novel-as the mood of the story,as the metaphor of emotion,as the rhythm of narrative,aiming at illustrating the significance of soundscape in strengthening the theme and artistry of the novel.


Within masculinity scholarship, there is a gap about how masculinity carries over from a broad social context to an organizational context. This article explores the construction and capitalization of masculinity through a series of experiences in social fields such as the military and college, and the transfer of militaristic masculinity into the workplace. Drawing on grounded theory methods, we conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Korean men who completed their mandatory two-year military service and subsequently joined large corporations in Korea. We uncovered a four-phase model that depicts how Korean men's masculinity is constructed during military service and transferred to their organizational positions characterizing them as warriors in suits. Informed by a Bourdieusian perspective, this study shows how masculinities are constructed, reinforced, and legitimatized by the structural influences of society, and how the masculinity becomes the desired image of men at work, which perpetuates the gender and power gaps among organizational members.


Let p : M → B be a proper surjective map defined on an (n+ 2)-manifold such that each point-preimage is a copy of a hopfian n-manifold. Then we show that p is an approximate fibration over some dense open subset O of the mod 2 continuity set C′ and C′ \O is locally finite. As an application, we show that a hopfian n-manifold N is a codimension-2 fibrator if χ(N) 6= 0 or H1(N) ∼= Z2.


Abstract Heterogeneous and pseudohomogeneous two-dimensional models are compared to steady state and dynamic experimental data from a packed bed reactor for the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde over an iron oxide-molybdenum oxide catalyst. Highly effective parameter estimation software was used to fit selected model parameters to large sets of experimental data so as to obtain small residuals. Heat transfer parameters which were successful in matching data from experiments without reaction were not capable of fitting data from experiments with reaction, and it was necessary to increase the radial heat transfer for higher temperatures or reaction rates. Axial composition profile data was represented by estimating the preexponential factors and activation energy in a half-order redox rate expression for methanol oxidation. After some decline in catalyst activity, a time-varying axial catalyst activity profile was determined from the data. A redox-type rate expression for the oxidation of formal...


An intelligent diagnostic model for mechanical wear state based on a fuzzy neural network is proposed. The model can handle input features presented in quantitative and/or linguistic form and classify patterns in terms of fuzzy class membership values. This allows efficient modeling of fuzzy diagnosis of mechanical wear state in terms of the Ferrogram Analysis Report Sheet. The application of the model to the diagnosis of wear state of diesel engines is demonstrated. The results are very satisfactory.


The present invention relates to a tooth pivot essentially made of composite materials. Said pivot is characterized in that it is comprised of a central core (3) made of a resin matrix wherein are embedded fibres (5) which give the pivot (1) its main mechanical properties, said central core (3) being wrapped in a sheath (6) consisting of at least one layer of fibres (7) made of radio-opaque material.


Abstract : Helicopters in flight or hover accumulate a change of static electricity which, when discharged, could cause harm to personnel or ignite fuel. The project was established to study the charge and discharge characteristics of static electricity on the UH-2A helicopter and to evaluate the preproduction Dynasciences model DO-3 discharger system. Flight tests were conducted during summer conditions when the available charging current and helicopter static voltages were low. The maximum charging current measured on the UH-2A helicopter was one microampere. The discharger system reduced a 20- kilovolt helicopter static voltage to a level between 0 to -800 volts in 0.5 second. The predicted maximum charging current for the UH-2A helicopter is 30 microamperes. The Dynasciences model DO-3 discharger system provides an effective means to discharge static electricity from the UH-2A helicopter. Recommendations are made for redesign to adapt the discharger system to the UH- 2A helicopter.


This volume clearly reflects the obsession of Greater China - a phrase encompassing China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and the Chinese diaspora - with the transition of Hong Kong from British to Chinese rule, not to mention the possible reunification of China's 'renegade province', Taiwan, and the Mainland. These deep concerns driven not only the research agenda, but also the daily conversation of people in Hong Kong. Indeed, the most frequently asked question asked here for years has been 'What is going to happen after 1997?'


In a running business, it is common for companies to face some challenges. One of them is related to supply chain performances, especially product distribution. Companies often have a problem determining the distribution route from the origin (warehouse) to the destination (consumer). This research will discuss the distribution route in a case study at a logistics service provider in Yogyakarta. The problem is that each courier does not have a fixed distribution route, causing couriers to overload and less effective when distributing goods to consumers. To solve this problem, we created a delivery zone for each courier done in previous studies using courier assignment optimization to minimize mileage. Furthermore, based on the zones that have been created, we determined the route using the classical vehicle routing problem (VRP) mathematical model to minimize travel time in this study. Based on the results obtained, couriers not only reduce mileage but also travel time, which makes this distribution route more optimal. Later, a vehicle routing problem with a time window can be carried out and compared with the current VRP for further research.


This article examines the impact of the Jesuit educational system on the culture of the multi-religious and multi-ethnic federation, through four problems. The first part of the paper presents the beginnings and development of the educational network and the Jesuit monopoly of education in the country. In the second part, it is shown how the Ratio studiorum was adapted to local conditions and how Latin culture was promoted in the Orthodox provinces of eastern Poland and Lithuania. One of the major consequences of these processes was the unification of a literary language and literature in Polish (Polish became the second language of Latinitas ). The third part raises the question of the impact of rhetorical studies on political activity of the gentry, through the formation of the citizen-orator ideal. The development of literature, theatre, music, and the sciences forms the subject of the fourth part, which also lists the main achievements of Jesuit scholars and alumni. In conclusion, some observations are offered on the specific nature of Jesuit education in this part of Europe and its legacy after the dissolution of the Society of Jesus.


Portable hardness adjustment device of the present invention to adjust the hardness of the drinking water, ion-adsorbing electrode (21) and (22) can be folded comprises a electrode group (20), and the ion-adsorbing electrode (21) and a power supply (13) for applying a voltage between the ion-adsorbing electrode (22). Ion-adsorbing electrode (21) includes a first electrically conductive material capable of adsorbing ions, the ion-adsorbing electrode (22) comprises a second electrically conductive material capable of adsorbing ions. In one example, a voltage is applied between the ion-adsorbing electrode (21) and (22) the drinking water (25) ion-adsorbing electrodes immersed state (21) and the ion-adsorbing electrode (22). The amount of the first and second electrically conductive materials are adsorbed to the ion regulated by voltage application, so that the hardness of the drinking water is adjusted.


According to the research of radon environmental geochemistry in
two uranium deposit areas, Xiazhuang and Nanxiong ,North Guangdong Province, it showed
that the air in the range of 1~2km around these areas were seriously contaminated by the
radon releasing from the process of uranium exploration and mining;but the contamination level
of radon rapidly reduced with the increase of the distance from these areas.The indoor radon
concentration of inhabitant around these areas is high, about 7~8 times of the average value
of Guangdong. In all the 29 dwellings surveyed,there are 9 dwellings (31%) which have indoor
radon levels above 0.15Bq/L, a limit value of indoor radon laid down by U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. The main reason of high level indoor radon concentration is that these areas
belong to high background radiation area, so the soil and rocks in house basement have high
content of U and Ra with an amount of radon produced,releasing and entering the dwellings.


In today's organizational environment, managers and leaders are beginning to find themselves not only working with teams but also that these teams are becoming more cross-cultural, even multicultural – increasing the need for global leaders and managers. In this study, we used the Conversational Space Inventory (CoSI) (Lingham, 2004) that both measures and maps out a team's context (one involving human interaction and communication) based on their Real experiences and the Ideal experiences they would like to have along four major aspects: Divergent, Convergent, Status, and Recursive Spaces. We also provide a brief overview of the Theory of Conversational Learning (from which the CoSI was developed) and its relation to cross cultural research. The CoSI was administered to MBA students in similar programs in two countries – America (n=176) and Spain (n=152). The mapping from the data shows one distinct feature: Only the teams Real Divergent Spaces were different. Ideal


This study looks at the role of community entrepreneurial development in mediating the linkages between geographical conditions, local wisdom, and traditional culture on the sustainability of tourism villages. In this study, this hypothesis was evaluated quantitatively. Respondents filled out a questionnaire as a research instrument. Village officials, the Tourist Awareness Group (Pokdarwis), and the community in Cikolelet Tourism Village, Banten Province, participated in this research. 140 individuals were selected for this study using purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM). According to the conclusions of this study, geographical conditions, local wisdom, and traditional culture have a beneficial and statistically significant influence on community entrepreneurial development but do not directly affect the sustainability of tourism villages. Community entrepreneurial development influences the sustainability of tourist villages. Furthermore, community entrepreneurial development mediates the relationship between geographical conditions, local wisdom, and traditional culture on the sustainability of tourist villages. These findings recommend that tourism stakeholder cooperation between village officials, the Tourist Awareness Group, and the community must collaborate in the sustainability of the tourist village. This paper offers novelty by investigating community entrepreneurial development variables as mediators of the influence of geographical conditions, local wisdom, and traditional culture on the sustainability of tourist villages with exploratory quantitative analysis. In contrast, previous research only used explorative qualitative analysis, at least in the tourism sector, from an Indonesian perspective.


The purpose of this book chapter is to explore the similarities and differences in the development of performance measures and accreditation systems for the quality assurance of elderly care service providers of Asian and Western origins, focusing on Hong Kong, Macau, Australia and Canada. Building on a proposed theoretical framework, this study utilizes a multiple-case study method to examine the influencing factors for the accreditation approach adopted by a jurisdiction. The findings suggest that the quality assurance of the elderly care service operators of the Asian origins as selected appears to lag behind those of the Western countries and undergo their own peculiar paths of development. Thus, Hong Kong and Macau could learn from the practical experience of Australia and Canada in terms of their concerted approaches for funding, accreditation and assessments under an increasingly marketdriven service sector in which the well-being of the end-users needs to be adequately protected.


General Procedures and Materials. All manipulations of air and moisture-sensitive compounds were performed under a dry nitrogen atmosphere by use of standard Schlenk techniques or an Mbraun glovebox. Nitrogen (Takachiho Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.) was purified by being passed through a Dryclean column (4 A molecular sieves, Nikka Seiko Co.) and a Gasclean CC-XR column (Nikka Seiko Co.). Solvents were purified by an Mbraun SPS-800 Solvent Purification System and dried over fresh Na chips in a glovebox. Styrene and ε-caprolactone (Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) were dried by stirring with CaH2 for 48 hours, and distilled under reduced pressure prior to polymerization experiments. [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] was purchased from Tosoh Finechem Corporation and used without purification. (C5Me4SiMe3)Sc(CH2SiMe3)2(THF) (1) and (C5Me4(C6H4OMe-o))Sc(CH2SiMe3)2 (2) were synthesized according literatures. The deuterated solvent 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane-d2 (99.6 atom% D) was obtained from Cambridge Isotope. The H and C NMR data of the polymers were obtained in 1,1,2,2-C2D2Cl4 on a JNM-EX 300 (FT, 300 MHz for H; 75 MHz for C) spectrometer at 25 °C and 100 °C, respectively. The DSC measurements were performed on a Perkin-Elmer Pyris Diamond Differential Scanning Calorimeter at a heating or cooling rate of 20 °C/min. Any thermal history difference in the polymers was eliminated by first heating the specimen to 300 °C, cooling at 20 °C/min to 0 °C, and then recording the second DSC scan. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the polymers were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with a refractive index (RI) detector against polystyrene standards, on TOSOH HLC-8220 GPC (Column: Super HZM-H×3) at 40 °C using THF as an eluent at a flow rate of 0.35 mL/min, or on TOSOH HLC-8221 GPC (column: TSK gel GHMHR-H HT × 2.30 ×7.8 mm φ ID) at 145 °C using o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) as a solvent at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.


Aim: To determine the impacts of some non-oxidizing biocides such as glutaradehyde, sodium azide, isothiazolone on the functional group activities of some oil field microorganisms Methodology: Samples of non-oxidizing biocides were obtained from Microcheck and the inhibition of some functional group activities in produced and injection water samples were determined using CSB-K medium. Results: Glutaradehyde and sodium azide exhibited relatively high level inhibition while isothiazolones exhibited low level inhibition. Glutaradehyde further demonstrated a positive selective inhibitory activity. While SRB activities were inhibited by over 78%, that of hNRB and so-NRB were affected by less than 38%. Conclusion: Glutaradehyde can be developed to an efficient biocide with a positive selective action and can work in synergy with beneficial microbes to eliminate the problem causing ones.


Rabies is a viral disease that is transmitted by bite and is fatal after the onset of symptoms. All warm blooded animals are susceptible to rabies and a wide range of species including foxes, wolves, jackals, raccoons, mongooses and bats act as reservoir hosts. Approximately 60,000 people die of rabies every year, mainly in Africa and Asia. The main source of human rabies is the domestic dog. Rabies in humans is preventable by timely administration of post-exposure prophylaxis, with a reduced schedule of administration if the person was protected by pre-exposure prophylaxis. Mass vaccination of dogs is considered effective in preventing human exposure and oral vaccine baits were used to eliminate rabies from foxes in central and western Europe.
In N'Djamena, the capital of Chad, rabies is endemic with approximately one confirmed case of dog rabies per week. Each dog exposes on average two humans. In 2012 and 2013 two mass vaccination campaigns of dogs were conducted, reaching a coverage of more than 70% in both years. The campaigns interrupted transmission for nine months, but a resurgence of cases led to re-establishment of rabies at the pre-intervention endemic state. To better understand the
movement and contact behaviour of dogs, 300 geo-located contact sensors were deployed on dogs in three different quarters of N'Djamena in 2016.
We developed three mathematical models of rabies transmission, calibrated to the incidence data and coverage levels from the campaigns and data on dog movement and contacts from the geo-located contact sensors. We used an ordinary differential equation model to assess the effect of the vaccination campaigns and found that after the campaigns, the effective reproductive ratio dropped below one. Implementing a stochastic version of the model with the Gillespie algorithm confirmed the interruption of transmission. We found that population turnover contributed more to the decrease of vaccination coverage after the campaigns than individual immunity loss. Possible reasons for the resurgence of cases after the campaigns include spatial heterogeneity of vaccination coverage and dog density, underreporting and importation of latent dogs from the surroundings of N'Djamena. We developed a deterministic metapopulation model with importation of latent dogs to investigate the potential reasons for the resurgence seen in 2014. Our results indicate that importation of latently infected dogs better explains the incidence data than heterogeneity or underreporting. Because importation seems to be the most likely reason for the resurgence in cases, we investigated the chains of transmission triggered by imported cases. In order to realistically reproduce the contact heterogeneity at individual level, we used data from 300 geo-located contact sensors to build a network of 5000 dogs. Since there is no established method for expanding a network to a network with more nodes, we have developed and validated a network construction algorithm. We developed an individual based model and calibrated the transmission rate such that the simulation results correspond to outbreak data from two quarters in N'Djamena. We have shown that 70% coverage prevents major but not minor outbreaks. Since highly connected dogs hold a critical role in rabies transmission, vaccinating such dogs could increase the effect of vaccination strategies. Vaccinating dogs is an effective and equitable way of reducing human exposure and should therefore be an inherent of part rabies control programmes in endemic settings. However, in the absence of dog population management, population turnover quickly reduces vaccination coverage and reintroduction from surrounding areas or spillovers from wildlife reservoirs threaten the gains of mass dog vaccination campaigns. This suggests that maintaining high vaccination coverage by either repeated mass vaccination campaigns or continuous vaccination of dogs as well as oral vaccination of reservoirs (which was not investigated here) might be part of the best intervention package for settings like N'Djamena.


The author traces the development of views of contemporary sociologists on globalization in the context of sociology of management, and makes the conclusion that the typical response to total globalization and unification is the systems and cultures based on axiological and rational grounds that strive to preserve their identity in the frame of certain socio cultural borders. Fragmentation and individualization of social life as a compensatory reaction lead to raising necessity of collective action and nonconsumptive, solidary, altruistic models of behavior on the level of social and individual consciousness.


Under the background of social network, Social Commerce has become one of the most popular front issues in business transformation and digital commerce. Based on the idea of Service Science and ecosystem, this paper abstracts social business network into a service system, and proposes a new cognitive framework of Social Commerce Ecosystem Model. From the five aspects of common support, social network service platform, service ontology and resource, service operating and collaborating, and service application, an open, dynamic and collaborative ecosystem is constructed to lay an important foundation for further research and disclosure of the ecological structure and business model of Social Commerce industry.


Foreword.Preface.Acknowledgments.Chapter 1 : Introduction.1.1 Technology Drivers.1.1.1 Frequency Bands Allocated to the Deep Space Network.1.2 Analysis Techniques for Designing Reflector Antennas.1.2.1 Radiation-Pattern Analysis.1.2.2 Feed-Horn Analysis.1.2.3 Spherical-Wave Analysis.1.2.4 Dual-Reflector Shaping.1.2.5 Quasioptical Techniques.1.2.6 Dichroic Analysis.1.2.7 Antenna Noise-Temperature Determination.1.3 Measurement Techniques.1.3.1 Theodolite Measurements.1.3.2 Microwave Holography.1.3.3 Aperture Gain and Efficiency Measurements.1.3.4 Noise-Temperature Measurements.1.4 Techniques for Designing Beam-Waveguide Systems.1.4.1 Highpass Design.1.4.2 Focal-Plane Matching.1.4.3 Gaussian-Beam Design.1.4.4 High-Power Design.1.5 Summary.References.Chapter 2: Deep Space Station 11: Pioneer-The First Large Deep Space Network Cassegrain Antenna.2.1 Introduction to the Cassegrain Concept.2.2 Factors Influencing Cassegrain Geometry.2.3 The DSS-11, 26-Meter Cassegrain System.References.Chapter 3: Deep Space Station 12: Echo.3.1 The S-Band Cassegrain Monopulse Feed Horn.3.2 The 26-Meter S-/X-Band Conversion Project.3.2.1 Performance Predictions.3.2.2 Performance Measurements.3.3 The Goldstone-Apple Valley Radio Telescope.References.Chapter 4: Deep Space Station 13: Venus.4.1 The Dual-Mode Conical Feed Horn.4.2 Gain Calibration.References.Chapter 5: Deep Space Station 14: Mars.5.1 Antenna Structure.5.2 S.Band. 1966.5.3 Performance at X-Band.5.3.1 Surface Tolerance.5.3.2 Measured X-Band Performance.5.4 Tricone Multiple Cassegrain Feed System.5.4.1 Radio Frequency Performance.5.4.2 New Wideband Feed Horns.5.4.3 Dual-Hybrid-Mode Feed Horn.5.5 Reflex-Dichroic Feed System.5.6 L-Band.5.6.1 Design Approach.5.6.2 Performance Predictions and Measurements.5.6.3 L-Band System Modifications.5.7 The Upgrade from 64 Meters to 70 Meters.5.7.1 Design and Performance Predictions.5.7.2 S- and X-Band Performance.5.7.3 Ka-Band Performance.5.7.4 Adding X-Band Uplink.5.8 Distortion Compensation.5.8.1 Deformable Flat Plate.5.8.2 Array-Feed Compensation System.5.8.3 The Array-Feed Compensation System-Deformable Flat-Plate Experiment.5.8.4 Projected Ka-Band Performance.5.9 Future Interests and Challenges.References.Chapter 6: Deep Space Station 15: Uranus-The First 34-Meter High-Efficiency Antenna.6.1 The Common-Aperture Feed.6.2 Dual-Reflector Shaping.6.3 Computed versus Measured Performance.References.Chapter 7: The 34-Meter Research and Development Beam-Waveguide Antenna.7.1 New Analytical Techniques.7.2 Beam-Waveguide Test Facility.7.3 The New Antenna.7.3.1 Antenna Design Considerations.7.3.2 Upper-Mirror Optics Design.7.3.3 Pedestal Room Optics Design.7.3.4 Bypass Beam-Waveguide Design.7.3.5 Theoretical Performance.7.3.6 Dual-Shaped Reflector Design.7.3.7 The Effect of Using the DSS-I 5 Main Reflector Panel Molds for Fabricating DSS-13 Panels.7.4 Phase I Measured Results.7.4.1 The X- and Ka-Band Test Packages.7.4.2 Noise Temperature.7.4.3 Efficiency Calibration at 8.45 and 32 GHz.7.4.4 Optimizing the G/T Ratio of the Beam- Waveguide Antenna.7.4.5 Beam-Waveguide Antenna Performance in the Bypass Mode.7.5 Removal of the Bypass Beam Waveguide.7.6 Multifrequency Operation.7.6.1 X-IKa-Band System.7.6.2 S-Band Design.7.7 Bearn-Waveguide Versatility.References.Chapter 8: The 34-Meter Beam-Waveguide Operational Antennas.8.1 Bearn-Waveguide Design.8.2 Initial Testing.8.2.1 Microwave Holography Measurements.8.2.2 Efficiency Measurements.8.2.3 Noise-Temperature Results.8.2.4 Theshroud.8.3 Adding Ka-Band to the Operational 34-Meter Bearn-Waveguide Antennas.8.3.1 The Cassini Radio Science Ka-Band Ground System.8.3.2 Ka-Band Upgrades-Receive-Only System.References.Chapter 9: The Antenna Research System Task.9.1 Design of the Beam-Waveguide System.9.2 Design of the Transmit Feed Horn.9.3 Receive-System Design.9.4 Dual-Vane Polarizers.9.5 Uplink Arraying.9.6 Deep Space Station 27.References.Chapter 10: The Next-Generation Deep Space Network.10.1 The Study to Replace 70-Meter Antennas.10.1 . 1 Extending the Life of the Existing 70-Meter Antennas.10.1.2 Designing a New 70-Meter Single-Aperture Antenna.10.1.3 Arraying Four 34-Meter Aperture Antennas.10.1. 4 Arraying Small Antennas.10.1.5 Arraying Flat-Plate Antennas.10.1.6 Implementing a Spherical Pair of High-Efficiency Reflecting Elements Antenna Concept.10.2 Towards the Interplanetary Network.10.3 Final Thoughts.References.Acronyms and Abbreviations.


We presents a design method of switching power amplifier based on transistor and FET composite driving.The amplifier adopts general PWM generator chip TL494,its backward stage power driving uses the transistor and FET composite.It forms dead time automatically and work in the voltage range of 24 V to 100 V,with the characteristic of circuit simpleness,steady working state and high cost performance.Thus,it can be widely used in industry alarm products,which requires a frequency below 10 kHz.


【Objective】 To explore the protective role of erythropoietin(EPO)in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. 【Methods】 102 7-day-old Wistar rats were divided into the three groups:Sham operation,HIBD+Normal Saline(NS)(control) and HIBD+EPO(observation).SOD activity,MDA level were measured in 2,6,12,24,48 h after the treatment of EPO or NS,and the brain water content and the number of the apoptic cells were observed. 【Results】 SOD decreased and MDA increased in HIBD+NS,but SOD increased and MDA decreased in HIBD+EPO.The number of cell apoptosis in HIBD+EPO was much fewer than that of HIBD+NS.The water content of observation group was lower than that of the control group. 【Conclusion】 EPO might be useful to protect brain of neonatal rat against hypoxic-ischemic damage by resisting free redical,reducing brain edema and inhibiting cell apoptosis1.


The postcolonial state in India, which began its journey as a democratic developmental state in 1950, has seen a shift towards neoliberalism since 1985. This paper attempts to answer three questions: First, what are the various theoretical dimensions of citizenship that should be considered while discussing peasant resistance to land grabs in contemporary India? Second, how do resisting peasants' practices lead to deeper political participation (or democratic deepening, or the creation of 'thick' or 'substantive' citizenship)? Third, does peasant resistance in the name of citizenship create a more effective developmental state in India (from the peasant-citizen's point of view) and in what ways? This paper, based on fieldwork carried out during 2010 and 2011, attempts to answer the above questions by comparing two successful cases of peasant resistance: Singur (West Bengal) and Mahuva (Gujarat). In Singur, peasants successfully resisted land grab by the state which wanted to give the farmland to set up an automobile-manufacturing company. In Mahuva, peasants successfully resisted land grab by the state which wanted to set up a cement-manufacturing factory on that farmland. The Singur resistance led to extraordinary political changes at the subnational level, while the Mahuva resistance has led to remarkable local political changes. This paper concludes with an attempt to assess the Singur and Mahuva resistances in the light of the evolution of citizenship in India.


A compact-size dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) with flexible band control and simple layout has been proposed in this paper. By employing the distributed coupling technique, each of the passbands can be independently designed based on the coupling coefficients and external quality factors. For a demonstration, a microstrip BPF operating at 0.7 GHz and 0.9 GHz with third-order Chebyshev bandpass response was designed and fabricated. Measured results are found in good agreement with the simulated ones.


It discloses a method of operating a mobile device in a wireless communication network. The mobile device comprising: a transceiver that uses a first wireless communication technology, wireless communication technology may be a first long term evolution (LTE) technology. The mobile device further comprising: a modem, coupled via a standard modem interface to the transceiver, and uses the second wireless communication technology, wireless communication technology may be a second CDMA. Modem processing signals received from the transceiver, and the transceiver for the transmit signal processing. A first receiver having a matched filter first processing circuit, and to compensate resampled signal received from the receiver, such that the signal received from the transceiver and modem compatibility. The transmitter has a filter process, and for transmitting signals resampling transmitter for the adjustment process.


Breast cancer is now a common health problem among most women. Breast cancer is the world's second-largest cause of mortality for women, and it affects mostly women over the age of 50. The major reasons are that most women do not have proper knowledge about breast diseases/conditions, and the inability to detect abnormalities in the initial stages. A mammogram is one of the best imaging modalities recommended by doctors to diagnose breast cancers. Consultant radiologists are necessary for the identification of those breast pathologies by mammogram images. For a human, it takes some time to read and have an opinion about the condition. Also, the pandemic situation makes the diagnosis processes even more difficult due to the unavailability of doctors and other medical staff. Deep learning approaches are applied for breast cancer detection, and it helps radiologists to identify breast pathologies quickly and accurately. In this work, the mammogram images are collected using MIAS, DDSM, and INbreast databases. The proposed system identifies the location of the lump within the breast, if the lump is malignant or benign, the size of the lump, and the state of the nipple (It is abnormal or not). Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method for classifying screening mammograms obtained outstanding performance compared to the previous methods. This CNN method produces 96.5% accuracy for breast tumor classification and produces the 80% accuracy for nipple classification.


The influence of tree age and the effect of growth
regulators on the micropropagation of the carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.)
from the axillary buds of mature trees have been described. Significant
differences (P 3.
The use of 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.2 mg/l IBA was the most favorable for shoots
neoformation. The leafy shoots are propagated in MS medium with BA at a
concentration of 1.5 mg/l. The addition of gibberellic acid at 0.2 mg/l in the
culture medium allows a good elongation and development of the shoots of the
carob. The effect of the age of the plant material used has shown that explants
taken from mature carob trees have a low capacity for bud sprouting and shoot
proliferation compared to those taken from juvenile trees. Rooting has been
successful when the plant material used is taken from young trees on an MS
medium containing 2 mg/IBA, with an average number of 3 to 4, roots 1 to 2 cm
long, then for the adult material, no rooting was observed. Based on these
tests, it appears that micropropagation of the carob from the axillary buds is
feasible, but additional work must be done to root this recalcitrant material.


This study was conducted to evaluate factors regula ting ground water quality in an area with agricultur e as main use. Ariyalur is one of the districts in Tamil Nadu. It is rich in limestone resource. Ground water acts as reservoir and source of water for bore wells. The increase in Human population and fast Ind ustrial development to the scarcity of drinking wate r in this district. Ten ground water samples were collected from different st ations around Ariyalur area. The Ariyalur District covers an area of approximately 681.19km. 2 The analyzed for various Physico-chemical paramete rs such as p H, , Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxyge n Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Hardness, Ca lcium, Magnesium,Chloride,Sulphate, Nitrate and Fluoride we re analyzed (APHA, 1998).The results were compared wi th standards prescribed by BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard) and s uitable suggestion were made. The correlation coeffi cients were calculated for water quality assessment. The study indicates th at the water quality parameters slightly excess the permissible limits and not suitable for drinking purposes .


We consider a class of evolutionary variational inequalities de- pending on a parameter, the so-called viscosity. We recall existence and uniqueness results, both in the viscous and inviscid case. Then we prove that the solution of the inequality involving viscosity converges to the so- lution of the corresponding inviscid problem as the viscosity converges to zero. Finally, we apply these abstract results in the study of two antiplane quasistatic frictional contact problems with viscoelastic and elastic materi- als, respectively. For each of the problems we prove the existence of a unique weak solution; we also provide convergence results, together with their me- chanical interpretation.


The X-ray structures of six substituted thiazolidine-2-thiones are presented : trans-4,5-dimethylthiazolidine-2-thione, C 5 H 9 NS 2 , (1), cis-4,5-dimethylthiazolidine-2-thione, C 5 H 9 NS 2 , (2), cis-3,4,5-trimethylthiazolidine-2-thione, C 6 H 11 NS 2 , (3), 4-methylthiazolidine-2-thione, C 4 H 7 NS 2 , (4), 4-tert-butylthiazolidine-2-thione, C 7 H 13 NS 2 , (5), 3-isopropylthiazolidine-2-thione, C 6 H 11 NS 2 , (6). In this series the observed torsion angle S1-C5-C4-N3 (τ) varies from 22.5 (6) to 34.4 (8)° for compounds (1)-(5) and is equal to 9.7(7)° for the 3-isopropyl-substituted compound (6). In compound (6), the C4-C5 distance is equal to 1.454(5) A, while it is in the range 1.513(6)-1.54(2)A in the other five structures.


In this paper, we introduce a multiple access scheme for non-coherent single-input multiple-output (SIMO) communications. We first define an individual codebook for each user as the image of a non-coherent single-user codebook of smaller dimension through a bijective mapping. We investigate the available options at the decoder, including linear equalization in the absence of reference symbols, and joint multi-user decoding. In particular, we propose greedy decoders that exploit the structure of the encoder mappings to separate the signals of different users, denoise, and decode each signal as in the single-user case. Numerical results show that our scheme outperforms the time-division multiple access and the pilot-based coherent approach.


This paper empirically analyzes determinants of the listed public enterprises both from Tobin's Q theory and from public choice perspective. Unlike private companies, the value of public enterprises continues to decrease although considering the characteristics of public enterprises such as public interest. Moreover, taking into account most of the listed public enterprises have a monopoly position in the market, this phenomenon requires analysis of political factors as well as financial factors. In this paper, panel analysis is performed based on financial data of the listed public enterprises from 2001 to 2020. As a result of empirical analysis, financial variables such as sales growth rate representing growth potential, operating profit ratio from sales representing profitability, and debt-to-equity ratio representing stability have an influence on the value of the listed public enterprises examined by Tobin's Q. In addition, it is found that when the chief executive officer of the listed public enterprises came from political or bureaucratic backgrounds, they had a negative effect on the value of the public enterprises. This paper provides a suggestion that the government's management intervention through parachute personnel or excessive control of public charges while holding a dominant stake in the listed public corporations not only undermines the value of the listed public enterprises but also increases inefficiency in the use of social resources.


The shear-dependent complex viscosity η*12, which governs the linear time-dependent stresses in a viscoelastic fluid undergoing infinitesimal shearing oscillations in-line with a viscometric motion, has been investigated. Formulas relating η*12 to measured quantities have been derived for the cone-and-plate and parallel-plate geometries. In the former case, the formula has the same form as that found when there is no steady shearing present. For the parallel-plate geometry, the formula is different because of the radial variation in the viscometric shear rate. In order to determine the empirical significance of this formula, η*12 data were obtained for two fluids, NBS nonlinear sample No. 1 and a 4.3 g/dl aqueous polyethylene oxide (molecular weight, 5 X 106) solution using a Weissenberg rheogoniometer Model R-18. Data were acquired and analyzed using a minicomputer on-line with the rheogoniometer. The obtained data indicate that good agreement between the η*12 measured using the two geometries is obtained only if the derived formulas are used. Also, it is shown that theoretical results of simple-fluid theory are valid for these data.


The authors have conducted a systematic effort to improve the breakdown voltage of InP-based HEMTs without compromising their high frequency performance, and have demonstrated millimeter wave circuit results that are comparable to or exceed those of the best GaAs-based PHEMTs in the critical area of power-added efficiency and output power. This improvement was accomplished by a combination of developments in material growth and device design and fabrication.<<ETX>>


Professional muballigh observes the new things in order to follow the flow of globalization, and also can follow the increasing competition due to the progress of science and the development of more advanced age and competitive. Professional appearance constantly changing from year to year with the criteria of performance in accordance with the attitude, personality, and appearance is strongly influenced by the place and the environment where the person carrying out the profession. Da'wa should be able to sharpen the intellect object message. With today's challenges steps to be taken in a preacher or propaganda agencies in order to preach effectively. A professional who is successful in achieving his goal he must prioritize the responsibility to complete the task complete, and create schedules and working to meet the schedule to manage time. Professionals muballigh is an attitude that really shows the master, earnestly and serious profession, perform analysis, understand the work and also the confidence and skills in relating to others and to always perform continuous self-development so as not to abandoned or left behind. A person who has a professional attitude, only those who really have the courage and faith, and God only step that they lean. In addition they are earnest, not easily discouraged, also seriously pursue live, dare mengahapi challenges of the times, practice what is taught by Allah in the Qur'an and as-Sunnah always followed.


Given the high risk for inactivity during pregnancy in obese women, validated questionnaires for physical activity (PA) assessment in this specific population is required before evaluating the effect of PA on perinatal outcomes. No questionnaire was validated in pregnant obese women. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) has been designed based on activities reported during pregnancy and validated in pregnant women. We translated the PPAQ to French and assessed reliability and accuracy of this French version among pregnant obese women. In this cross-sectional study, pregnant obese women were evenly recruited at the end of each trimester of pregnancy. They completed the PPAQ twice, with an interval of 7 days in-between, to recall PA of the last three months. Between PPAQ assessments, participants wore an accelerometer (Actigraph GT1M) during 7 consecutive days. Fourty-nine (49) pregnant obese women (29.8±4.2 yrs, 34.7±5.1 kg.m−2) participated to the study. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between the two PPAQ assessments were 0.90 for total activity, 0.86 for light and for moderate intensity, and 0.81 for vigorous intensity activities. It ranged from 0.59 for "Transportation" to 0.89 for "Household and Caregiving" activities. Spearman correlation coefficients (SCCs) between the PPAQ and the Matthews' cut point used to classify an activity of moderate and above intensity were 0.50 for total activity, 0.25 for vigorous intensity and 0.40 for moderate intensity. The correlations between the PPAQ and the accelerometer counts were 0.58 for total activity, 0.39 for vigorous intensity and 0.49 for moderate intensity. The highest SCCs were for "Occupation" and "Household and Caregiving" activities. Comparisons with other standard cutpoints were presented in files S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7. The PPAQ is reliable and moderately accurate for the measure of PA of various intensities and types among pregnant obese women.


Scholars may endlessly contend about what insurance is, and whether its essential nature is transfer, pooling, some combination of the two, or something else altogether. But courts and administrative agencies must, of necessity, proceed from debate and consideration to final decision and classification. That is, they must decide, here and now, if a given transaction is or is not insurance as measured by some express or implied legal definition or conception of insurance.


Here we report further progress in the development of the MARCO POLO/Mars ISRU Pathfinder Atmospheric Processing Module (APM). The APM is designed to demonstrate in situ resource utilization (ISRU) of the Martian atmosphere, which primarily consists of carbon dioxide (CO2). The APM is part of a larger project with the overall goal of collecting and utilizing CO2 found in the atmosphere and water in the regolith of Mars to produce methane and oxygen to be used as rocket propellant, eliminating the need to import those to Mars for human missions, thus significantly reducing costs. The initial focus of NASA's new ISRU Project is modeling of key ISRU components, such as the CO2 Freezers and the Sabatier reactor of the APM. We have designed models of those components and verified the models with the APM by gathering additional data for the CO2 Freezer and the Sabatier reactor. Future efforts will be focused on simultaneous operations of the APM and other MARCO POLO/Mars ISRU Pathfinder modules.


Green or sustainable cosmetics are products that contain natural ingredients obtained from renewable raw materials. Fruit peels represent a sustainable source of bioactive compounds. Polyphenols, e.g., flavonoids, have the ability to scavenge free radicals; thus they exhibit antioxidant activity. Recently, natural antioxidants have been in the limelight as being safe, effective, and versatile. In this study, antioxidant effects and the sun protection ability of apple (Malus domestica), banana (Musa sapientum), and orange (Citrus reticulata) peel extracts were evaluated in skincare formulations. The extraction of phenolic compounds was performed in three different solvents, i.e., ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, and sun protection factor were determined for the fruit peel extracts. The acetone extract of apple and ethanol extract of banana peels contained polyphenols, i.e., 24.3 ± 1.5 and 26.7 ± 0.6 mg GAE per gram of the extracts, respectively. These extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging activity and were incorporated into oil-in-water (O/W) cosmetic emulsions. All the formulated samples were found to be stable when subjected to centrifuging and thermal stress. Antioxidant activities of cream samples were above 80%, and the sun protection factor was above 15. The results have confirmed the applications of fruit peel waste in the formulation of photostable, antioxidant, and sun screen formulations. These creams would help to maintain skin health, protect it from UV radiation, and reduce the aging effect. Thus, fruit peel waste could present an ecofriendly and sustainable source of natural antioxidants for the personal care industry.


Reading is one of fourth basic skills in English subject, but many students do not like reading activity in their daily instructional, actually in the senior high school. Besides that, this skill must be controlled by the students, because many text that they must learn. Narrative text is the one of many texts that they must learn in the classroom.

The purposes of this research are to answer some research questions, there are: (1) how is the students' reading skill in the narrative text before using the lexias (units of reading)?; (2) How is the students' reading skill in the narrative text after using the lexias (units of reading)?; And (3) How effective of using the lexias (units of reading) on reading skill in the narrative text.

 The method used in this research is quantitative method. The data got from the students' test score collected by the researcher, there are the pre-test and post-test score. Whereas, the sample used are 30 students of eleventh grade of Madrasah Aliyah Darussalam Islamic boarding school Kasomalang-Subang.

The highest score of the pre-test of the experimental class is 97 and the lowest score is 20, with the average score as much as 56. Meanwhile, the highest score for the post-test in the experimental class is 100 and the lowest score is 52 while the average of the post-test score is 74, 13. The result of analyzing the hypothesis shows t count (2, 51) > t table (2, 00). Therefore, the Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It means, the final conclusion of the research of the effectiveness of using the lexias (units of reading) on improving the students' reading skill in the narrative text in the Madrasah Aliyah (senior high school) Darussalam Islamic boarding school Subang shows that there is a significant influence. It means, using the lexias (units of reading) on improving the students' reading skill in the narrative text is effective.


The edible films were made from soy protein isolate,chitosan and pea starch.The effect of the different edible films on the peroxide value of the coated peanuts during storage was studied.The result showed that the edible films had strong ability to inhibit oxidation for coated peanuts during storage.At the storage temperature of 65 ℃ for 25 days,the peroxide value of the coated peanuts been applied by the edible films were decreased to less then 0.2 g/100 g compared with the control group.Therefore,edible films can prolong the storage period of the coated peanuts efficiently.


The three-dimensional (3D) characterization of solids by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry monitoring MCs + ions is investigated. The MCs + molecular ions emitted from surfaces upon Cs + bombardment are found to be well suited for a quantitative data evaluation via relative sensitivity factors (RSFs). Laterally resolved ion images recorded with acquisition times of typically a few seconds can be thus transformed into elemental distribution maps ; these exhibit a dynamic sensitivity range in excess of 10 2 and a lateral resolution of ∼2-3 μm. From the applied RSF5, local (i.e. erosion-time dependent) sputtering yields can be derived ; together with atomic densities (which might be interpolated from pare-element values), a local depth scale (relative to some reference level) is assigned to each pixel of the 3D data volume recorded during the analysis. In conjunction with the elemental concentration values, this provides the possibility of a complete reconstruction of the 3D sample volume removed by sputtering. This approach is exemplified and its validity and limitations are assessed by means of a laterally inhomogeneous semiconductor test specimen.


Current X-ray surveys have proved to be essential tools in order to identify and study AGNs across cosmic time. However, there is evidence that the most heavily obscured AGNs are largely missing even in the deepest surveys. The search for these obscured AGNs is one of the most outstanding issues of extragalactic astronomy, since they are expected to make a major contribution to the high energy peak of the X-ray background (XRB) and might constitute a particularly active and dusty phase of black hole and galaxy evolution. Using a newly developed SED fitting technique to decompose the AGN from the star-formation emission in the infrared band we identify a sample of 17 IR bright quasars at z=1-3. For the majority of these sources the X-ray spectrum is well characterised by an absorbed power law model, revealing that ~25% of the sources are unabsorbed; the remainder of these IR quasars have moderate-to-high absorption (N_H>10^23 cm^-2), and ~25% are not detected in the X-rays and are likely to be Compton thick (N_H>10^24 cm^-2). We therefore find a much higher fraction of obscured than unobscured quasars, indicating that a large fraction of the luminous black hole accretion was very heavily obscured at z~2.


If compartmentation is understood as the structural organization of cells, which in consequences permits the spatial separation of temporal events such as metabolic chain reactions and/or their single steps, then the nuclear envelope is indeed no prominent representative of strictly efficient separation phenomena as indicated in the title of this paper. Yet various experimental designs, requiring careful individual scrutiny for the admissibility of the methods used, yield data suggestive of compartmentation phenomena at the site of the cell nucleus.


In this study 26 graves, belonging to the Ottoman period and taking place in Çingene Fırını Mosque Cemetery, were documented and evaluated in terms of art history. These samples were photographed, their inscriptions being figured out and forms, decorative features, and stone types of graves were tried to be determined in the Turkish tombstone art. Each grave stone in the study was handled separately a general assessment on these stones was made. One of the stones dated to the end of XVI.century, while the remaining twenty five are dated to XVIII. and XIX. centuries. Ottoman tombstones are aesthetic, and they give important information about occupations, titles, family relations and beliefs. The tombstones of the cemetery were observed to be simple examples continueing the tradition of making the tombstones socially, economically and culturally.


Nobility and processes of ennoblement in Late Mediaeval Flanders: a state of the art In the county of Flanders, the later Middle Ages should not be considered simply as a period of general crisis for the nobility as an evolving class. Instead, we might call it a time of intensive renewal, accelerated mobility and diversification. The background of these developments was a threefold dialectic: the late mediaeval crisis of feudalism (which brought about a sharp deterioration of noble rent income), social and economic urban development in Flanders and, last but not least, the Flemish-Burgundian state formation process. Specifically, the latter factor has been taken into account in this article as a creative force in the renovation of the nobility. This process was accompanied by a concentration of surplus extraction on the 'state' level, resulting in what we might call 'state feudalism'. For the traditional nobles, obtaining a political position in the county was now only possible through princely service. On the other hand, political functions and offices offered urban and rural, non-noble, political elites opportunities for gradual ennoblement. Of course, other factors too were involved: the acquisition of seigniorial power, noble alliances and 'living like a nobleman'. Consequently, these two aristocracies (traditional nobles and political elites of the Burgundian State) merged to a certain extent, eventually resulting in a 'new' noble class, anticipating the 'noblesse de robe' of the modern period. For a particular family, this process of ennoblement could take several generations. In a European perspective, the redefinition and revitalisation of this 'nobility' as a traditional ruling class in feudal society is hardly surprising. Nevertheless, the high degree of urbanisation in Flanders gave this process a distinct character.


This work aimed to quantify the biodiversity in Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in the National Forest in São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul State, by different alpha indexes, in order to represent and characterize the current biodiversity at the studied area. Ten units were used as sample of 100 m x 100 m, according to the method of flat area, where all individuals with CAP equal or greater to 30 cm were inventoried. The results show that the biodiversity varies according to the diversity index used, and with the peculiarities of each, either to demonstrate richness, dominance, information or equability.


Strains of Trichoderma pseudokoningii are promising objects for genetic studies and cellulase production. Auxotrophic mutants with deficiencies in the biosynthesis of aminoacids, nucleotides and vitamins (up to five markers) in addition to morphological aspects like conidial colour were obtained from two strains of double auxotrophic mutants using UV radiation.


This study investigated the relationship between the essential amino acid requirement of the aphid Aphis fabae Scop. and the phloem sap amino acid composition of its host plants. The dietary amino acid requirement of A. fabae varied between clones. One or more of the eight clones of A. fabae tested displayed depressed larval survival, larval growth rate, or rm on diets lacking histidine, methionine, threonine, and valine, but none of the other five essential amino acids. The required amino acids corresponded closely to the essential amino acids that varied in relative concentrations among 16 plant species tested: histidine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. It is suggested that the interclonal variation in the dietary requirements of an aphid species may contribute to the intraspecific variation in plant utilisation patterns. The phloem sap amino acid composition and sucrose : amino acid ratio did not differ consistently between host plant species of A. fabae and non‐host species, indicating that phloem amino acid composition is not an important factor in determining the host plant range of this aphid species.


This paper explores how people living with dystonia, a chronic neurological
condition involving involuntary muscle spasms in multiple body parts, use
narrative to make sense of illness by linking past, present and future, and
giving their condition personal meaning (what Early calls the "customisation"
of illness) (Early, 1984). It draws on a life-history interview with Sarah, a
woman in her thirties living with generalised dystonia to show how people
integrate their condition into their lives, and looks more generally at how
narratives of causation are used to make sense of illness.


SUMMARY The technique of liver grafting to the kidney of inbred mice was used to characterise ultrastructurally liver rejection under controlled conditions. Electron microscopy showed that liver rejection was initiated by intimate contact between the hepatocytes and the infiltrating large lymphoid cells and brought about by means of narrow cytoplasmic processes extended from the latter. This was prevented by ATS-immunosuppressive treatment.


3-6 Sept. Studies in various European countries have found that socially productive roles, such as volunteering, are more strongly associated with good quality of life when they are highly reciprocal in nature (providing a good balance between effort and reward). However, these relationships have yet to be investigated in the UK. This study examines the relationship between role occupation, role reciprocity and well-being among post-retirement-age English people using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), a large panel study of English people aged 50+. Quantitative analysis of ELSA is used to examine the following questions among English people of state pension age and above: • To what extent are retired English people engaged in socially productive roles, measured as caring, volunteering, organisational membership and paid employment? Are there gender differences in role engagement? • What is the relationship between social role occupation and well-being (measured as CASP-19 quality of life score and life satisfaction) after retirement? • Are relationships between social role occupation and well-being after retirement mediated by the extent to which these roles are reciprocal (as measured by effort-reward imbalance)? Results for England are compared with published results from comparable data sets in ten other European countries.


The UK Government plants to publish a new 20-year flood-risk strategy in 2005. Chris Ward of T A Millard says this should not detract civil engineers and society from implementing the recommendations of the Foresight Future Flooding report, published in April this year.


Investigation was conducted for failure blade to analyze turbine blade loss of an aero-engine.The analysis showed that the fractures were due to first order bending vibration fatigue damage.The in-fluence of the wake flow from the turbine guide-vane under idle speed was the ultimate cause.An effec-tive prevention procedure was adjusting blade frequency as it was difficulty to avoid the operation speed.Blade breakage was finally solved.


Objective: This study aimed to develop and characterize a green breadfruit biomass brownie. Methods: We developed a brownie made with green breadfruit biomass to the detriment of traditional ingredients: flour and butter. We analyzed five replications on the chemical composition (moisture volatile at 105℃; ashes by calcination; ether extract Soxhlet; protein by the semi-micro Kjeldahl method; starch by Lane-Eynon method) as methodologies recommended by the Adolfo Lutz Institute [1], except the fiber, which was quantified by the method proposed by Van Soest [2]. It was further determined the antioxidant capacity (DPPH) and the content of total phenolic compounds (Folin-Ciocalteu reagent). The brownie was developed subjected to sensory analysis 100 untrained and the result was compared to a traditional version and two trademarks brownie gluten and lactose. Results: On the chemical composition, fiber is an important fraction in developed brownie (12.07 ± 0.29). For antioxidant capacity, Brownie showed excellent results (DPPH: 85% and 654.76 ± 4.10 mg/100g of gallic acid equivalent) greater than some fruits studied by other authors. The product was developed sensory well accepted, with higher acceptance rate to 70% in the overall assessment. Conclusion: It was concluded that there viability in production brownie green breadfruit biomass since proved to nutritional appeal even higher than others, with which it was compared, and was well accepted sensorially. One formulation optimization study might be interesting to improve Brownie texture.


The climate indicators that are currently used in the building energy area, summations of degree-days, are not suitable for net-zero and low energy analysis, because they fail to characterize the building-climate interaction. This paper presents a new set of climate indicators that focuses on overall climate and building performance, as well as specific climate statistics that have a relevant impact in NZEB and passive buildings. The proposed framework is based on three interrelated energy performance indicators. The total building climate performance indicator (BCP) is the product of the climate potential (CI) and building indicator ( BI). BI is building dependent and characterizes the capability of a given building to maximize the existing climate potential ( CI). The best climates and buildings are expected to have CIs and BIs that are close to one.


Approximately ten years ago a two-part survey of how engineering economy was taught in U.S. universities was conducted. This survey, conducted in 1995 and 1997, collected data from engineering economy instructors and investigated: 1) the faculty that teach it, 2) the course content and mechanics itself, and 3) the students that take the course. We are currently embarking on a follow-up data collection effort to conduct a longitudinal analysis of this prior study. This survey paper presents a review of the most relevant literature published since this survey. The pedagogy highlighted in this paper includes problems with current teaching methods, modern technological advances in the engineering economy classroom, and new approaches to enhance the classroom experience. These findings support our long term goal of improving engineering economy pedagogy by increasing visibility, enhancing instructor knowledge, and influencing external stakeholders such as textbooks writers and funding agencies.


Laotse's economic thought is very rich.He took Dao as the core of his economic thought,and took Ziran and Wuwei as general methods of economic control,and he put attention to the function of economic foundation.In economic consumption,he was against luxury and encouraged economical life,and his purpose of consumption is content with one's lot.All of those thoughts show Laotse's outlook of consumption with "one" and "middle".Laotse's economic thoughts have important directive those function for man and nature to live in harmoniously and establish harmonious society in modern society.


This thesis examines the current urban development in Shanghai, the threats to Shanghai's built heritage, and the changing perceptions of cultural heritage in China. Under the open-door policy, both urban development and conservation in China are impacted by international globalization, conducted in the name of modernization, and serving economic imperatives.


Standard damage testing of multilayer dielectric optical coatings for use at 1.06 μm, typically using 100x optical microscopy, indicates that damage often initiates at microscopic defects in the coatings. These defects are known to be μm-scale nodules formed as a result of self-shadowing effects at particulate seeds deposited during the coating deposition process. It has been demonstrated that the damage threshold of these coatings can often be increased by factors of 2 or more by first illuminating the coatings at lower fluences. This pre-illumination process, called laser conditioning, is being used to increase the damage threshold of coatings for advanced laser systems being developed for Inertial Confinement Fusion research.[1]