The advent of the microwave oven allowed the magnetron to avoid obsolescence and become the one well-known source of microwave power. Noteworthy were the cost and weight reductions by ∼100 and achievement of ∼70% efficiency at 1 kW power. Operation of the cooker magnetron is complex due to varying parameters such as microwave load, anode current (rectified) and the cold-start process. These phenomena include several types of moding, damaging voltage transients, axial electron discharges, end-space oscillations and arcing phenomena including a fireball at the magnetron antenna. Prominent are spurious space-charge oscillations similar to those in the M-type backward-wave oscillator, which are affected by filter-box impedance. Alternative but discarded designs include a GE 600 Volt magnetron for its 915 MHz range, the Kumpfer magnetron made by Samsung, ∼1980, and a 400 Volt magnetron made by Panasonic. Failed attempts to replace the cooker magnetron include the multiple-beam klystron and solid-state. The future of the cooker magnetron is assured. Its performance reveals unexplained phenomena, the study of which is key for a complete understanding of the magnetron


Access to resources is vital to peoples livelihoods in the rural and peri-urban areas in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh. Through legal and institutional pluralism and various political practices, people put forth their resource claims recognized as rights. This writing analyzes how the public authority and the local State are formed through debates and struggles over the property in the Chittagong of Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh.


Based on the Huinan air shaft deep excavation project of Guangzhou metro line 2 8,this paper introduced the key techniques of supportion structure,main structure and waterproof construction for the deep excavation builded by topdown construction method.The key construction techniques have reference value for the deep excavation project of metro in raising working efficiency,shorting construction period,reducing risk from the construction and ensuring waterproof quality of construction.


By selecting different alloys and adopting different curing conditions to manufacture plates for batteries which are used to carry out the contrast tests of capacity and deep cycling life, we can confirm the curing process to meet deep cycling life characteristics of E-bike batteries, grids of which are made of Pb-Ca alloys, and can adjust correspondingly other processes and formulations which are conformed with this curing process.


The amine headgroup, NH2, in aminothiolate monolayers can often generate unexpectedly rich structures in its N K-edge X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra that are difficult to assign. We have carried out density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study the XPS and NEXAFS of amine headgroup in four different aminothiolate monolayers, namely, aliphatic 11-aminoundecane-1-thiol (AUDT), aromatic 4-aminobenzenethiol (ABT), araliphatic 4-aminophenylbutane-1-thiol (APBT), and 3-(4″-amino-1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl-4-yl)propane-1-thiol (ATPT), with the focus on structure changes caused by protonation, hydrogen bonding, and X-ray damaging. Spectra of all possible saturated and unsaturated species, as well as X-ray damage products, such as imine, nitrile, azo species, and cumulative double bonds, have been thoroughly examined. It is found that extra spectral structures observed in the experimental XPS spectra do not result from protonation but from the for...


Mesoporous TiO2 photoelectrodes using picosecond lasers (8 ps) with a high repetition rate (50 kHz) and low energy/pulse (20 μJ) were successfully used in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The variation of the morpho-structural characteristics of TiO2 films deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates in the presence of different oxygen pressures (0.04-1 Torr) was investigated. The oxygen pressure had a significant influence on the film crystallinity, porosity and adherence, and as a result, on the cell global efficiency. In the specific experimental conditions (532 nm laser wavelength, 0.17 J/cm fluence, 0.3 Torr oxygen pressure, 450 C annealed film), a TiO2 phase mixture of rutile/anatase (85/15), with a grain size of 17.8 nm, was sintered. Using these films as photoelectrodes, solar cells illuminated with AM 1.5 (100 mW/cm) provided a maximum power of 1.56 mW/cm and an integral power conversion efficiency of 1.81%.


In this article the general problem of designing high performances Transparent Metal structures is deeply discussed. In particular the Genetic Algorithms are introduced as useful tool for searching the optimal thicknesses of the layers. The article deeply analyses the effect of all parameters of the Genethic Algorithms so to optimize the computational time in the optical filter design. As an example the article reviews the basic steps for the design of a particular metallo/dielectric multilayer structure made of nine layers.


Abstract A new modified geranylated flavonoid, 3′-dehydroxy-solophenol C (1), along with 17 known compounds (2–18) were isolated from the fruits of Macaranga denticulata. Their structures were established by spectral analysis, such as mass spectrometry, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR. The new geranylated flavonoid 1 showed a moderate cytotoxic activity against the A549 cell line with IC50 value of 16.0 µM. Compound 9 showed the highest cytotoxic activities against KB, HepG2, Lu-1 and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.6, 0.8, 1.3 and 1.2 µM, respectively. Graphical Abstract


SYNOPSISPeople do not adapt to trauma easily. it is common for men and women to undergo potentially traumatizing events, however only some of these become traumatizing events that lead to traumatic experiences. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) results not from events but from experiences, the way someone gives meaning to an event. This attribution of meaning is a core concept of Humanistic and Existential Psychology and psychotherapy, which are undervalued resources in the treatment of PTSD. Humanistic and existential perspectives on dealing with PTSD can be practiced on their own or as a supplement to cognitive-behavior therapy, group therapy, or any of the other mainstream approaches to alleviating suffering and helping clients turn post-traumatic stress into post-traumatic strength.


Abstract Protocols are needed for extracting the container substrate solution of plants in large containers [≥ 18.9 liter (#5)] since the container substrate solution is representative of the nutrients available to the plants. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of suction cup lysimeters (SCLs) for this purpose. The lysimeter types tested were those with a 4.8 cm (1.9 in) diameter and a ½ bar or 1 bar air-entry value (AEV) and those with a 2.2 cm (0.87 in) diameter also with a ½ bar or 1 bar AEV. A sufficient volume of the substrate solution could be obtained after 5 min when a vacuum pressure of 30, 40 or 50 kPa was applied to 4.8 cm (1.9 in) ½ bar lysimeters. The 2.2 cm (0.87 in) lysimeters were suitable for extracting smaller sample volumes of solution or if installation space was limited. Electrical conductivity (EC) levels were unaffected by volume of substrate solution extracted by the SCL when volumes varied from 10 to 190 ml (0.34 to 6.4 oz). Overall, the 4.8 cm (1.9 in)...


A unified energy exchange system with an equivalent dc circuit topology is presented for superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) study. The principle and experimental prototype design have been carried out to study the dynamic energy exchange characteristics of SMES for both voltage sag and swell compensations, with a new bridge-type I/V chopper and relevant digital control method introduced and compared with the conventional chopper. The bridge-type I/V chopper has been demonstrated to be more suitable for low-voltage power applications because of its high energy storage and exchange efficiencies. The integrated SMES application solutions and characteristics in the modern power systems have also been discussed using two sample cases of daily load leveling and voltage fluctuation compensation presented.


The aim of this study was to examine the prescribing patterns and use of antiobesity medications in a large cohort of patients using data from electronic health records.


Abstract Only seven species of the genus Tipula Linnaeus were previously known to occur in Laos. Here one new species is added to the fauna of Laos, Tipula (Nippotipula) champasakensissp. nov.Tipula (unplaced) cladomera Alexander, 1936 is designated as a synonym of T. (unplaced) reposita Walker, 1848, syn. nov. A key to species of the genus Tipula from Laos is presented.


This study tests the model of Davis, Schoorman, and Donaldson (1997) that proposed determinants of a company's governance structure. In particular, we focus on the stewardship theory aspects of the model and its ability to predict the presence of a stewardship-orientation CEO at publicly listed U.S. companies. Using survey based data obtained from CEOs and directors of 100 companies in a match-pair design, we identified three variables that predicted the occurrence of stewardship-oriented behaviors by the company's CEO. These results lend support for the model's ability to predict the conditions under which stewardship-oriented individuals become CEOs.


Both developing and developed countries have witnessed the very heart position of small business in the contribution of economic growth and job creation. Nevertheless, the appetite for funds of new ...


The possibility of a gaseous halo stream which was stripped from the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy is presented. The total mass of the neutral hydrogen along the orbit of the Sgr dwarf in the direction of the Galactic anticenter is 4-10 x 10^6 Msun (at 36 kpc, the distance to the stellar debris in this region). Both the stellar and gaseous components have negative velocities in this part of the sky, but the gaseous component extends to higher negative velocities. We suggest this gaseous stream was stripped from the main body of the dwarf 0.2 - 0.3 Gyr ago during its current orbit after a passage through a diffuse edge of the Galactic disk with a density > 10^{-4} cm^{-3}. The gas would then represent the dwarf's last source of star formation fuel and explains how the galaxy was forming stars 0.5-2 Gyr ago.


ABSTRACT Previous research has examined the newsworthiness of homicide victims and explored many characteristics of victims. To date, there is no research examining homeless homicide victims even though homeless individuals are more susceptible to being victims of violent crimes. This study examines the online media coverage of four homeless homicide victims murdered by a serial killer in 2012 to ascertain how housing status impacts media coverage. Specifically, this study explores through content analysis what kind of coverage homeless individuals receive and how they are portrayed. Findings suggest that housing status is a salient characteristic in the newsworthiness of victims.


We have operated on 5 patients with thoracic disc herniation since 1988. Patients included 3 males and 2 females with a mean age of 58.8 years. All patients presented with onset of numbness and muscle weakness of lower limbs, and progression of myelopathy progressed. Of these patients, 4 were operated on with anterior spinal fusion and 1 with posterior decompression. The clinical results was excellent in 3 patients and good in 2 patients.


Title: The coronary reimplantation after neoaortic reconstruction technique can make a difference in arterial switch operation Authors: Kwang Ho Choi (email@example.com) Si Chan Sung (firstname.lastname@example.com) Hyungtae Kim (email@example.com) Hyoung Doo Lee (firstname.lastname@example.com) Hoon Ko (email@example.com) Joung-Hee Byun (email@example.com) Version: 1 Date: 26 Aug 2019 Author's response to reviews: Reviewer 1. 1) First off all, you fail to explain the nature of the study. Is the study retrospective? Is it prospective? The data was gathered from two centers. The authors state that the operations were performed by the same team of surgeons, but were the patients treated by the same ICU, ward staff? Answer) Thank you for your meticulous review and valuable feedback. This study is retrospective study. We described in limitation session. The main surgeon (SCS) moved to another hospital in 2003 with pediatric cardiologist, so this data was gathered from two hospitals. But he set the ICU protocol of both hospitals, and ward staff was same pediatric cardiologist. So it was nearly same in management protocol between two hospitals.


Abstract The great urbanist Jane Jacobs details how urban planning impacts the social interactions and social networks responsible for the economic death or life of a city. How might urban planning impinge on the moral values that underlie that development? I draw on Jacobs's work on the moral foundations of commercial society to identify two "urban values" (tolerance and innovation). I then examine how these values support the social networks and processes that facilitate urban-based innovation and how urban planning can strengthen or undermine those values. I use the examples of urban planning in the 15th Ward of Syracuse, New York and of city building in the private development of Cayalá in Guatemala City to illustrate these points.


This paper reports a study which brings together information on road geometry (curvature and grade), cross-section, traffic flow and crashes. The study used a geographic information system (GIS) to relate the different information streams. Road geometry data was available from pre-existing surveys carried out using an instrumented vehicle (Gipsi-Trac), and this data was used to build an electronic map using the ARCINFO GIS. Width of traffic lanes, shoulders and shoulder seal was determined by site inspection and added to the GIS. Traffic flow data was also added. Crashes were located on the GIS using information in the sketch maps and narratives in the police accident reports. The ARCINFO software allows links to be established between the crash database and the ARCINFO map. The analysis indicates that crash rate varies more in response to horizontal curvature than grade, that crash rate increases only for very sharp curvature, but the increase in rates can be large at these values, that lane width has little impact on crash rates, and that sites with shoulder seal have lower crash rates than sites without shoulder seal, although there is conflicting evidence as to whether wider seals improve safety compared to narrow seals. Analysis by logistic regression generally confirmed these results. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. 492019.


The authors have detected an error in the reporting of the statistical analysis of ethanol preference ratio. The text currently states, "Analysis of ethanol preference ratio (ethanol intake/total intake) yielded only a main effect of sex (F1,63 = 41.877, P < 0.001), with female mice having a greater ethanol preference ratio than male mice." This is incorrect and should instead read as "Analysis of ethanol preference ratio (ethanol intake/total intake) yielded significant main effects of sex (males> females, F1,63 =5.952, p=0.018) and genotype (F2,63 =7.252, p=0.001). Post hoc analyses showed that HDID-1 mice had a greater preference ratio than both HDID-2 and HS mice (p≤0.01 for both)."


The roll stability of an articulated tank vehicle with partial liquid load is discussed from the viewpoint of fundamental mechanics of vehicle response and quantitative influence of size and weight variables. A kineto-static roll plane model for a partially filled tank vehicle of arbitrary tank geometry is developed incorporating the moments and forces associated with liquid movement within the tank. A roll plane model for a partially filled tank of arbitrary shape is developed and integrated with the static roll plane model of the vehicle. The influence of liquid motion within the tank during a steady turning manoeuvre is investigated. The rollover immunity of the tank vehicle is investigated through computer simulation. The vertical and lateral translation of the fluid bulk during steady turning is computed using an iterative algorithm. The corresponding roll moments and forces arising due to liquid motion are incorporated into the static roll model to study the rollover immunity levels of liquid tank vehicles. The influence of tank geometry and liquid fill level on the rollover immunity of the tank vehicles is presented. The rollover threshold levels of the tank vehicle are compared to that of an equivalent rigid cargo vehicle for various loading conditions. The influence of compartmenting of the tank and the influence of the location of the trailer axles on the rollover immunity levels is studied and an optimal order to unloading the various compartments is determined. (Author/TRRL)


Aging is the process of changing the status of human body which human face shows the most important changes. One of the most challenges of age estimation methods is feature extraction which the feature extraction method is failed to extract full informative feature vector elements in the case of deformation, scaling,... in image. So, a feature extractor which is robust against to the situations is necessary. This paper proposes a new method of age estimation where Pseudo Zernike Moment (PZM). The task of age prediction in the proposed method is performed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with the type of Multi-Layer Perceptron. The proposed method is evaluated on FG-NET dataset and the results prove the ability of the proposed method .


The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, especially to a cultivating fertilizer of swamp cabbage and provides a preparation method of the swamp cabbage fertilizer. The fertilizer contains not only basic elements such as N, P, K and the like but also various medium and trace elements as well as a plant growth regulator. The fertilizer can not only satisfy requirements of all kinds of elements at different growth stages of swamp cabbage, but also help to promote growth and development of swamp cabbage roots and leaves. By adding a microorganism agent into a formula, the fertilizer has functions of killing insects and preventing diseases and pests and has good effects of preventing or alleviating common diseases and pests of swamp cabbage.


Objective: To assess the effect of periodontal tissue regeneration combined with orthodontic treatment on periodontitis and inflammatory factors. Methods : 100 patients with periodontitis were randomly separated into observation group and control group. Patients were treated
 with periodontal tissue regeneration in control group and received orthodontic treatment in observation group. The periodontal indexes, X-ray cephalometric indexes, serum inflammatory factor levels, tooth mobility, the postoperative complications, efficacy and life quality were measured. Results:
 After treatment, levels of clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PLI), SNB angle, SNA angle, IL-8, IL-5, TNF-α and hs-CRP of patients in observation group were significantly decreased, while ANB angle was significantly
 elevated (p < 0 05). Meanwhile, the treatment effective rate and quality of life score was significantly improved after treatment in observation group (p < 0 05). Conclusion: Periodontal tissue regeneration combined with orthodontic treatment can significantly improve
 periodontitis symptoms, promote the recovery of tooth function, reduce inflammation and postoperative complications, and improve the uniformity and appearance of teeth in patients with periodontitis.


The new Australian Senior Secondary Curriculum: Mathematics contains more statistics than the existing Australian Curricula. This case study examines how a group of Queensland mathematics teachers define the word "statistics" and five statistical terms from the new curricula. These definitions are compared to those used in some commonly-used Queensland mathematics textbooks and in the glossaries of new Australian Senior Secondary Curriculum: Mathematics. The findings of this study suggest that many teachers do not have a good understanding of statistical concepts and that they rely on procedural definitions (instrumental understanding). This is reflected in the presentation of statistics in Queensland senior secondary mathematics textbooks. Definitions in the glossaries of the new curricula are generally better but perhaps other simpler concepts could be introduced first to develop relational understanding.


We determine the weak coupling |Vcb| between the b and c quarks using a sample of 3 million BB̄ events in the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. We determine the yield of reconstructed B̄ → D∗lν decays as a function of w, the boost of the D∗ in the B rest frame, and from this we obtain the differential decay rate dΓ/dw. By extrapolating dΓ/dw to w = 1, the kinematic end-point at which the D∗ is at rest relative to the B, we extract the product |Vcb|F(1), where F(1) is the form factor at w = 1. We find |Vcb|F(1) = 0.0431 ± 0.0013(stat.) ± 0.0018(syst.).


Leaders of multiracial churches serve an important role between religious institutions and their members. As a bridge between social networks, they develop connections that ease the flow of resources across a diverse array of groups. Therefore, it is imperative to understand if racial differences exist in how leaders access the social and material resources embedded in racially homogenous organizations, peer networks, and institutions. An in-depth analysis of 121 head clergy interviews from the Religious Leadership and Diversity Project (RLDP) reveals that access to social capital is constrained when white leaders hoard resources and assign symbolic value to positions held by leaders of color. Findings of this study suggest the need for further investigation of racial inequality reproduction via the mechanism of differences in social capital.


The auditory system plays a critical role in supporting our ability to detect abrupt changes in our surroundings. Here we study how this capacity is affected in the course of healthy ageing. Artifical acoustic 'scenes', populated by multiple concurrent streams of pure tones ('sources') were used to capture the challenges of listening in complex acoustic environments. Two scene conditions were included: REG scenes consisted of sources characterized by a regular temporal structure. Matched RAND scenes contained sources which were temporally random. Changes, manifested as the abrupt disappearance of one of the sources, were introduced to a subset of the trials and participants ('young' group N=41, age 20-38 years; 'older' group N=41, age 60-82 years) were instructed to monitor the scenes for these events. Previous work demonstrated that young listeners exhibit better change detection performance in REG scenes, reflecting sensitivity to temporal structure. Here we sought to determine: (1) Whether 'baseline' change detection ability (i.e. in RAND scenes) is affected by age. (2) Whether aging affects listeners' sensitivity to temporal regularity. (3) How change detection capacity relates to listeners' hearing and cognitive profile. The results demonstrated that healthy aging is associated with reduced sensitivity to abrupt scene changes in RAND scenes but that performance does not correlate with age or standard audiological measures such as pure tone audiometry or speech in noise performance. Remarkably older listeners' change detection performance improved substantially (up to the level exhibited by young listeners) in REG relative to RAND scenes. This suggests that the capacity to extract and track the regularity associated with scene sources, even in crowded acoustic environments, is relatively preserved in older listeners.


Transfer of patients from a regional to a tertiary paediatric facility is sometimes required for management of otolaryngological conditions when the expertise available locally is insufficient to deal with the complexity of the case.


From a power system design point of view, the shift from using large centralised thermal units to renewable, variable distributed units is challenging. This white paper examines the cost-optimal capacity mix and dispatch set-up for a 100% renewable energy sourced (RES) power system based on data from a country in central Europe and a country in west Africa that have different RES seasonality.


The paper connects earlier work to more recent developments. It calls for a re-imagination of hacking against the backdrop of late capitalist network society. Hacking is discussed in terms of open and clandestine practices, 'hacktivism', and hardware hacking. The paper concludes by sketching the outlines of an integrated sociological understanding of hacking, one which can account for the varied representations and practices that constitute hacking in the contemporary world.


In recent years, both the power rating and efficiency of DC motors have been radically improved. This article reviews the history and developments which have led to the modern industrial DC motor


The present contribution focuses on the mathematical techniques used to solve steady state metabolic models for the case of an overdetermined system. Even when parts of the system are underdetermined it is possible to solve the model partially and obtain statistically meaningful results. This is illustrated with data gathered from a set of E. coli W3110.shik1 phosphate‐ or carbon‐limited continuous cultures. It is shown that the low yield in shikimate for C‐limited cultures is not due to a lower flux going to the shikimate pathway but is caused by a high secretion of byproducts. Carbon‐limited cultures could be better for shikimate production than carbon‐abundant cultures provided the byproduct secretion is reduced. Finally, flux calculations are compared with RNA expression data.


This Research (the image of man in Kazhal Ahmad's poetry) is an analytical descriptive research about the view, and outlook of woman poets on man. The research consists of two chapters. In the first chapter we explained the image of man in religions, philosophers, and psychology schools.     The second chapter is more practical we shed light (the image of man inKazhal Ahmad's poetry) Finally some obtained concluding points were presented.


Excessive consumption of unsaturated or saturated fatty acids have adverse effects on certain health parameters, namely increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Specifically, saturated fats are linked to increased cardiovascular risk while unsaturated fats are suggested to protect against cardiovascular disease. Our previous work suggested that various high fat diets have differential effects on cardiac hypertrophy and function. However, it was not clear whether a high saturated fat diet (HSFD) or high unsaturated fat diet (HUFD) could elicit different disease phenotypes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of HSFD or HUFD on the development of obesity, diabetes, and cardiac lipotoxicity in mice. Male, C57BL/6J mice received normal chow (CON, n=12), HSFD (n=15) or HUFD (n=15) for 12 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly. After 12 weeks, the adipose tissue and heart were removed and weighed. Glucose, fatty acids, and cholesterol were analyzed in serum using biochemical assays. Cardiac triglycerides (TG) were measured in heart tissue extracts. Both HSFD and HUFD significantly increased body weight above CON. Interestingly, body weight increased by ~63% in the HUFD while the HSFD increased ~41% (P<0.05). Adipose tissue mass was increased 5‐fold in both HFD groups and was ~10% greater in the HUFD. Surprisingly, caloric intake was higher in the HSFD (15.3±0.8) compared to HUFD (12.8±0.1) and CON (11.9±0.7). Serum cholesterol levels were elevated in both HSFD and HUFD. Blood glucose was significantly increased only in the HUFD while serum fatty acids were increased only in the HSFD. Cardiac hypertrophy, assessed by the heart weight to tibia length ratio, was increased in the HSFD but not HUFD group. Cardiac TGs were ~25% higher in HSFD but <10% in HUFD compared to CON. These data show that excess consumption of saturated or unsaturated fats increased body weight and adiposity in mice. However, high consumption of unsaturated fatty acids resulted in a pronounced increase in body weight, body fat, and hyperglycemia, consistent with an obese and diabetic phenotype. Conversely, high consumption of saturated fatty acids caused elevated serum lipids, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac lipid accumulation, consistent with cardiac lipotoxicity. In conclusion, the fatty acid composition of diets may be critical in the development of disease phenotypes resulting from high fat feeding in mice.


By using the method of documentary and logical analysis and consulting professionals,discovered in the world now,the sports industry development has become the important symbol of the city synthesis competitive ability.With the advancement of industrialization,information and globalization,the two-way push of sports industry and urban development has become a necessity of the development of age.Therefore,the author regard that the strategy,such as the timeorder propulsion,leaping development,protective plan,exploratory work,Balanced development way,non-balanced development and non-balanced coordinated development way,etc.,will be a very important choice for sports industry's forward development in the future.


An electro-optical (EO) probe dedicated to the on-line testing of electronic systems is presented here. The probe is design to be implanted permanently on an electronic circuit. It is made of PZT material comprises between two electrodes that also act as optical mirrors. The upper mirror is a multi-layer stack of Si/SiO2 while the second is made of Pt. Reflectivity changes of 7.2 % for a signal variation comprise between 0 and 5 volts were obtained.


Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by loss of the structural protein, dystrophin, resulting in muscle fragility. Muscle stem cell (MuSC) transplantation is a potential therapy for DMD. It is unknown whether donor‐derived muscle fibers are structurally innervated. Methods: Green fluorescent protein (GFP)–expressing MuSCs were transplanted into the tibials anterior of adult dystrophic mdx/mTR mice. Three weeks later the neuromuscular junction was labeled by immunohistochemistry. Results: The percent overlap between pre‐ and postsynaptic immunolabeling was greater in donor‐derived GFP+ myofibers, and fewer GFP+ myofibers were identified as denervated compared with control GFP– fibers (P = 0.001 and 0.03). GFP+ fibers also demonstrated acetylcholine receptor fragmentation and expanded endplate area, indicators of muscle reinnervation (P = 0.008 and 0.033). Conclusion: It is unclear whether GFP+ fibers are a result of de novo synthesis or fusion with damaged endogenous fibers. Either way, donor‐derived fibers demonstrate clear histological innervation. Muscle Nerve 54: 763–768, 2016


Cancer patients face immune system challenges primarily in 2 areas:(1) fighting malignancies through immune mechanisms and (2) confronting the immune-suppressive effects of the disease and treatments. In this Point-Counterpoint, we explore the potential role of the immune system with practitioners and researchers active in the area of integrative and alternative cancer treatment:D. Barry Boyd, MD, a medical oncologist who uses integrative approaches in his practice; Nicholas Gonzalez, MD, a physician in private practice who uses an alternative medicine intervention for cancer patients based on the work of Dr. William Kelley; and Aristo Vojdani, PhD, of Immunosciences Lab Inc., a diagnostic and research facility that specializes in innovative microbiology and immunology laboratory testing. Drs. Gonzalez and Vojdani were interviewed by telephone for this article, whereas Dr. Boyd submitted written responses to our questions. Mobilizing the body's immune system against cancer has long been an elusive goal in cancer medicine. The idea that the human immune system provides continuous surveillance for cancer cells is appealing to the general public and continues to be presented as gospel in many popular health books, particularly those aligned with alternative medicine. It seems almost axiomatic to the layperson that a system designed to help the body ward off pathogenic influences should also help ferret out cancer cells. When immune surveillance falters, cancers can more readily develop and progress. The allure of this belief is further heightened by the recognition that many factors within our control can influence immune function, and by the fervent hope that enhancing such immune function should, in turn, support one's ability to combat cancer. Originally proposed by Ehrlich in 1909 and elaborated on by Burnet in the 1960s, the immune surveillance hypothesis states that cell-mediated immunity can recognize and destroy proliferating cancer cells.


A turning-points analysis of 34 cases of international negotiation is performed in three parts: precipitants (external, substantive, or procedural), process departures (abrupt or nonabrupt), and immediate and later consequences (escalatory or de-escalatory). The cases are divided into three types according to issue area: security, political (including environmental), and trade or economic negotiations. The results are summarized in terms of paths to outcomes: security negotiations are characterized primarily by external precipitants leading to abrupt departures in process that typically turn the talks in the direction of agreements; process departures or turning points in political and trade talks are usually precipitated by either substantive or procedural decisions made by the negotiators that also lead to agreements. Implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the risk-averse and reactive orientations taken by governments in the area of security policy. They are also discussed in the context of strengths and limitations of the comparative analysis approach and in relation to analyses of 11 cases of domestic negotiations in the airlines industry.


Abstract : This project screened potential catalysts for the detoxification of chemical warfare (CW) agents by catalytic oxidation and hydrolysis under ambient conditions. TDA contacted interested researchers, who submitted their candidate catalysts directly to CUBRC (Ashford Test Site, Springville, NY). CUBRC evaluated the activity of catalysts and their ability to detoxify the chemical warfare agents GD, VX and HD. The specific focus of this test program was to screen a wide range of candidate catalyst under the same conditions using live agents. Hydrolysis catalysts were evaluated using GD and VX in buffered aqueous solution (pH 7.2). Oxidation catalysts were evaluated using VX and HD in methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) solution with a headspace of air. All samples were shaken continuously on a mechanical shaker. Aliquots were removed at time intervals of t = 0, 1, 2, 6, and 22 hours and analyzed by Electron Impact - Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (EI-GCMS) with high-resolution capillary chromatography. None of the catalysts evaluated displayed significant activity under the test conditions. However, some of these materials may display useful activity under other conditions.


While sporotrichosis can no longer be considered a rare disease, in view of the number of cases which have been reported with increasing frequency during the last few years, the condition is sufficiently uncommon to justify putting additional cases on record, particularly if they occur in a region in which it has heretofore been absent, or at any rate unrecognized. In the last few months, two cases of the disease have come to my attention, both originating in this section of Wisconsin. I have searched the literature of the subject fairly thoroughly, and have been able to find reports of only two additional cases from this state. One of these is mentioned in an article by Meyer,1in 1915, and was not verified by culture; the other was described in detail by Baer,2in 1920. While the organism cultivated from the latter case differed slightly in some respects


This study of initial public offerings (IPOs) carri ed out on the Berlin and London stock exchanges between 1900 and 1913 casts doubt on the received "law and finance" wisdom that legally mandated investor protection is pivota l to the development of capital markets. IPOs that resulted in official quotations on the Lo nd n Stock Exchange performed as well as Berlin IPOs despite the Berlin market being more ex tensively regulated than the laissez faire London market. Moreover, the IPO failure rate on t hese two stock markets was lower than it was with better regulated US IPOs later in the 20 th century. JEL classifications: G14, G18, G24, G32, G38, K22, N23.


Business process management is a management model that allows the organizations to manage their processes as any other asset and improve them over a period of time. To date, many BPM packages have not been playing the role of strategic decision making. This paper will enable BPM users to understand next generation BPM packages. It covers the factors which leads the existing BPM to next generation BPM practices. Next generation BPM is explained with detailed components and structure.


The total protein in the floral buds of Dimocarpus longan Lour. Cv Sijimi was extracted with four methods, namely trichloroacetic acid(TCA)-acetone, acetone, TCA/phenol and improved phenol, and compared by protein production, one-way SDS-PAGE and 2-DE. The sample loading quantity, the gel concentration and the key process of IEF were also optimized. The result showed that the improved phenol extraction protocol was the best method for floral buds. And a high quality 2-DE map with low background was obtained using the following optimized procedure: loading 120 μg protein sample on 24 cm IPG strip with pH3-10. The study built up a good basis for the future proteomics research in D. longan(Lour. Cv Sijimi).


Groups of normal rats were injected for 10 days with large daily doses of prolactin (10 mg), growth hormone (10 mg) or ACTH (80 IU), or all 3 combined. Body weight and length were increased by prolactin as well as by growth hormone. The combination of all 3 hormones produced large milkfilled mammary glands and splanchnomegaly of the liver, kidney, heart and spleen. Kidney and heart weights were increased mainly by ACTH injection. ACTH alone increased adrenal weight and the blood corticosterone level 10-fold and reduced the adrenal ascorbic acid level to 100 mg/100 g. Relative to the effects of ACTH given alone, growth hormone and prolactin decreased the effect of ACTH on adrenal weight by 40%, and on blood corticosterone level by 50%. The adrenal ascorbic acid level was reduced to only 200 mg/100 g of adrenal weight in the rats receiving the 3 hormones. Depot fat was greatly reduced by all 3 hormones, while brown fat was increased by ACTH. Thymus weight was reduced by ACTH or combined hormone treatment. P...


Abstract Crude extracts of Salmonella typhi catalyze the conversion of cytidine diphosphate d-glucose to CDP-tyvelose. Two intermediates in this reaction sequence have been identified as CDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose and CDP-paratose. The enzyme catalyzing the conversion of CDP-d-glucose to CDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose (CDP-d-glucose oxidoreductase) has been purified approximately 50-fold from these extracts, and its properties have been studied. The product of the reaction, CDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose, was characterized by chemical reduction. Mild acid hydrolysis of the reduced nucleotide yielded two 6-deoxyhexoses which were identified as d-fucose (6-deoxygalactose) and 6-deoxy-d-glucose by chromatographic, chemical, and enzymatic methods CDP-d-glucose oxidoreductase has been shown to require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The enzyme was not activated by NADP+. However, the over-all reaction from CDP-d-glucose to CDP-tyvelose has been shown to require NADPH, indicating that this cofactor is involved at a later step in the reaction sequence.


In a typical university, a fulltime instructor teaches from three to fifteen hours a week. For a teaching university, this may even be as much as eighteen hours a week, up to 50% of the standard working time. During non-classroom hours, an instructor has many duties advising students, committee meetings, conducting research, evaluating student work, and preparing for future class meetings, as well as serving as a community liaison. Much of the time, an instructor's office remains empty a place simply to store books and papers. With a large proportion of empty offices during teaching times, and with a faculty becoming more technology-savvy, combined with perennially decreasing education budgets, it makes sense to revisit the traditional, cellular faculty office (the ivory tower) and consider alternatives that can both maintain a good academic workspace and make optimal use of resources (activity-based workspaces, or ABW). Unfortunately, many instructors loathe giving up their traditional office space, as it signifies status as well as a sanctuary away from students and colleagues. The tension between collaboration and privacy is difficult to resolve. As academic models change, case studies and best practices of successful projects present a path to faculty ABW. This paper reviews the academic tradition of a single or shared, enclosed university office space. It takes a forward-looking approach to activity-based workspaces– a concept that will be commonplace in the coming decade as Millenials start academic careers and reviews supporting practices in industry as well as academia. Finally, this paper presents best practices and recommendations for transitioning faculty to open, shared and non-territorial workspaces.


This paper analyzes the present situation of the current archives management in China,and puts forward some suggestions on reforming the archives management.


In the study of bribery (as distinct from plain theft in government), this article takes note of the recent upsurge of social-scientific research and publication, where little attention has been paid to the historical background. The prevailing problem-solving approach can be usefully supplemented by looking at the phenomenon in other times and settings, especially to illuminate its cause, that is, the motivations giving it rise, spread, and significance. The periods chosen for examination are the first several centuries of the common era and the 19th century in Europe, and the 17th to 19th centuries in China.


The associative water-soluble copolymers P(NPA-AM-NIPAM) of N-isopropylacrylamide,acrylamide and nonylphenyl polyoxyethylene acrylate(NPA) were synthesized by free radical aqueous solution copolymerization.The copolymer structures were characterized via IR spectrum and 1H-NMR spectrum.Polymer concentration,temperature and different electrolyte on the performance of copolymer solutions were studied.The results show that different electrolyte has different effect on polymers solution.The apparent viscosity of the copolymer solution will increase with NaCl,KCl and Na2SO4 concentration rising,but the MgCl2 and CaCl2 haven't notable effect on the viscosity of P(NIPAM-AM-NPA) solution.Under the same condition,Na+ is more than K+,K+ is more than Ca+,SO2-4 is more than Cl-.The saline solution of P(NIPAM-AM-NPA) can keep high viscosity at high temperature.At properly condition,the viscosity of P(NIPAM-AM-NPA) solution increase with the temperature rising.


We calculate the neutrino emissivity of superfluid neutron matter in the inner crust of neutron stars. We find that neutrino emission due to fluctuations resulting from the formation of Cooper pairs at finite temperature is highly suppressed in nonrelativistic systems. This suppression of the pair-breaking emissivity in a simplified model of neutron matter with interactions that conserve spin is of the order of v{sub F}{sup 4} for density fluctuations and v{sub F}{sup 2} for spin fluctuations, where v{sub F} is the Fermi velocity of neutrons. The larger suppression of density fluctuations arises because the dipole moment of the density distribution of a single component system does not vary in time. For this reason, we find that the axial current response (spin fluctuations) dominates. In more realistic models of neutron matter that include tensor interactions where the neutron spin is not conserved, neutrino radiation from bremsstrahlung reactions occurs at order v{sub F}{sup 0}. Consequently, even with the suppression factors due to superfluidity, this rate dominates near T{sub C}. Present calculations of the pair-breaking emissivity are incomplete because they neglect the tensor component of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.


Poly( N -vinylcarbazole) (PVK) has been used as additive in the I − /I 3− redox electrolyte and the photoelectrochemical effect of PVK with various concentration to the photovoltaic performance was studied. Under optimum condition, a maximum efficiency of 6.3% was achieved with a current density of 19.31 mA/cm 2 at the addition of 30 μL THF solution to the electrolyte which is 45 % improved photovoltaic performance compared to that of bare electrolyte. This could be attributed that the electron rich PVK increases the basicity of the electrolyte medium and increases the catalytic reduction of I 3─ ions. So, the increased dye regeneration rate improved photovoltaic performance.


The invention provides a TSV (Through Silicon Via) through hole preparation technology. The TSV through hole preparation technology can prevent a projection portion being formed in the TSV hole, enables an adjacent portion of the hole and a wafer back surface to generate a gentle slope, enables distribution of a follow-up insulating layer and the light resistance to be uniform and avoids damage of edges from dry etching. The TSV through hole preparation technology comprises the following steps of (1) depositing a thin film on the wafer back surface; (2) exposing and developing to expose a TSV through hole area; (3) performing etching processing on a film of the TSV through hole area which is corresponding to the wafer back surface to enable the film position which is arranged in the TSV through hole to be corroded; (4) etching a TSV hole on the wafer back through the dry etching method, removing a light resistance layer and accomplishing the TSV through hole manufacture. According to the TSV through hole preparation technology, the upper opening edge of the TSV through hole is smooth due to the facts that the insulating layer is deposited firstly and a certain area is etched on the insulating layer, the undercut and the stress concentration at the TSV opening are eliminated, the follow-up TSV insulating layer deposition technology and the copper plating technology are simple, and damage risks of the insulating layer at the TSV opening during dry etching are reduced.


Computational Systems, from transactional systems, as discussed in this work, provide information during the departure of any sport. This information will help the technician to decide about the possibilities of reorganization of the team and analyze situations that the team has deficiencies. In this way, it is possible to act in the deficiencies to improve the technical performance and the team's tactical. The study had as objective to present the development of a digital system for the review of game of modality of goalball Paralympic. The information of the scout technician brings the reality of facts and help the coach to modify the staff of the best way to win the game. In some cases, the player who performs a move wonderful, may have committed three or four imperiling errors, an illusion to believe that the player is well in the block. This model of system propitiated an improvement in the understanding of the game by players, aiding in the "feedback" between the technical commission and athletes and helping in the identification of problems that occur with players during drills and games. The financial statements at run time showed that it is possible to analyze the team during the departure. The basic charts generated offer a preview of the results of the team, in real time. Another point considered is volume of information acquired during the time of departure, due to ease of data management. We conclude that the results obtained indicate that the digital system for analyses goalball game is a means needed for the analysis technique and tactics, both individually and collectively, serving as a tool for the preparation of strategies for drills and games and helping in the decision-


The finite element model of all-terrain vehicle(ATV) frame with a mounted engine was established,and its computational modal analysis was conducted.According to the comparison of computational data with experimental data,it was proved that the finite element model is reliable.The matching relations between the ATV bodywork and the excitations from engine and road were analyzed.Then,shape optimization method was used to improve the dynamic characteristics of ATV bodywork.For optimization,the location and pitch angle of the engine on the frame were taken as the variables,and the first modal frequency of the bodywork was taken as the objective.By means of adjusting the location and pitch angle of the engine according to the optimization result,the first modal frequency of ATV bodywork was increased by 5Hz.


Both mothers' and best friends' food intake are associated with adolescents' food intake, but they are rarely investigated simultaneously. In this study, we tested the associations of mothers' and best friends' food intake with adolescents' intake of unhealthy and healthy food, obtained from home and from outside the home, and the moderating role of adolescents' exposure to their food intake. Participants included 667 adolescents (53% female, Mage = 12.9) and 396 of their mothers. Within this adolescent sample, 378 best friend dyads were identified. All participants completed food frequency questionnaires. Mothers separately reported on their food intake in the presence and absence of their child, and adolescents indicated how often they ate and drank together with their best friend during school breaks. Mothers', but not best friends', food intake was positively related to adolescents' intake of unhealthy and healthy food obtained from home and healthy food obtained from outside the home. Exposure to mothers' healthy food intake magnified mother-child similarities in healthy food intake. Exposure to best friends' intake of unhealthy food moderated adolescent-friend similarities in unhealthy food intake. Future work should assess the mechanisms that underlie these similarities, and should investigate these associations over time and in later developmental periods.


The utility model relates to a turning plate foot step for a railway vehicle, which belongs to an auxiliary device of the railway vehicle. The utility model comprises a foot stepping assembly, a turning plate assembly, a traction plate and a traction pull rod, wherein the traction pull rod is sheathed with a spring, the upper part of the spring is connected with the traction plate, and the lower part is connected with a multiway rotation shaft; the multiway rotation shaft is connected with a rotation shaft; the rotation shaft is connected with a connecting rod; the connecting rod is connected with an arm rod; the lower end of the arm rod is connected with a movable pedal; the middle part of the arm rod is hinged with a supporting arm rod which is arranged on a side plate. The foot step controls a linkage mechanism which is dually acted by the spring and gravity, the control spring is adjustable and the turning on and off of a turning plate is portable and flexible. The turning plate assembly and the movable pedal are linked, and the movable pedal automatically pushes out when the turning plate assembly is turned on. The utility model increases the quantity of the stairs of the pedal, reduces the distance between the pedal and the ground and is convenient for a passenger to get on and off the vehicle. When the turning plate assembly is turned off, the movable pedal automatically retreats, the distance between the pedal and the ground is lifted and the standard limitation and the driving safety of the vehicle are kept.


Theme: According to Allopathic medicine, liver is introduced as a place for substances metabolism, glycogen storage, hematopoiesis, and production of biliary salts. Liver is considered as a place for production of blood and some other substances in Iranian Traditional Medicine too. These obligations are so important in both Allopathic and Traditional Medicine and any disorder among them may result to serious complications in whole body organs' functions. Nutrition and table manners play the most important role to make an enough protection for liver both in healthiness and during illness. Aim: Investigation into the viewpoints of ancient Iranian physicians about principle and appropriate nutrition for liver in both healthiness and illness, and finally, a brief comparison with dominated viewpoints in Allopathic medicine, are the aims of study. Methods: Reviewing of valid Iranian Traditional Medicine references, part of "principle nutrition for liver", and also two valid allopathic texts in liver diseases and nutrition with specifying their differences and similarities in first step, and then, content analysis of findings is the method of study. Results: According to principles, both ideologies have presented some appropriate diets for liver; however they are different with together, they are not contradictory. Conclusion: Specific diets recommended for liver in both healthiness and illnesses in Iranian Traditional Medicine are more extensive than allopathic medicine, which are not so difficult to be ordered so that after enough studies and investigations, they could be used by any non-specialist physicians.


In a preceding paper (Anazawa et al., 1991), we reported a process for the enzymatic production of Lphenylalanine from phenylpyruvic acid and ammonium fumarate. In this process, the cells of Citrobacter freundii were used as the source of two enzymes for a coupling reaction with aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia-lyase, EC 184.108.40.206) and transaminase(s) (Fig. 1). Oxaloacetic acid produced as a byproduct in the transaminase reaction was rapidly decomposed enzymatically and/or nonenzymatically to pyruvic acid, after which the reaction inclined toward L-phenylalanine production. Under adequate conditions for production, the transaminase reaction was the limiting one rather than that of aspartase. We then tried to clone the transaminase gene with the aim to improve the process for L-phenylalanine production. Some genes of C. freundii have been expressed in Escherichia coli (Blumenberg and Yanofsky, 1982; Karube et al., 1984; Yamamoto et al., 1983). Moreover, it is known that the tyrB gene-directed and ilvE gene-directed transaminases of E. coli have broad specificities on several amino acids including L-phenylalanine (Gelfand and Steinberg, 1977; Jensen and Calhoun, 1981) (Table 1) and are important for enzymatic L-phenylalanine production with this bacterium (Calton et al., 1986). Next, we considered that if C.


One of the key prosperous reasons for Nanzhao Kingdom is the economic emphasis of mountainous regions.The state exploited its mountainous economy with various measures and thus set a solid foundation for the Kingdom,a brilliant historic state in Chinese history.Basing on historic materials,this paper analyzed the economic achievements of mountainous regions in Nanzhao Kingdom and its significance for modern times from the perspective of agriculture,animal husbandry,salt and mining industries.


This thesis argues that medical concerns, concepts and values underpin many of the texts produced by the nineteenth-century psychologist and philosopher William James (1842-1910). The medical themes in question deal with the ethical and aetiological nature of disease, hygienic principles, mental therapeutic practices and the political standing of the invalid. They are discussed explicitly in The Principles of Psychology (1890), Talks to Teachers (1899), The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902) and other essays and lectures. Analysis of James's extensive personal papers indicates, moreover, that this same set of themes comprises an extremely significant intellectual context within which to situate other well-known works, including The Will to Believe (1897) and Pragmatism (1907). The central aim of this thesis is to trace the multiple, and mutable, ways in which illness and philosophy were profoundly interconnected within James's writings. From early adulthood onwards, he closely identified the concept of evil with the existence of disease and infirmity and was fervently devoted to the notion of health as an ethical ideal. To this end he championed the importance of hygienic practices, for himself as an individual and for society at large. These twin commitments, to the prevention of disease and the promotion of health, are in evidence across the disciplinary breadth of James's corpus. They are also the locus of a significant epistemological transformation. During the mid-1880s James lost faith in the medical profession and their exclusive worship of the physiological "laws of health". He began to embrace the world of unorthodox practitioners and "mystical" medicine and moved towards a more inclusive, pragmatic theory of (medical) truth. Ultimately, James concluded that both scientific and religious forms of knowledge may facilitate the quest for health: a state that he came to understand as having "bodily mental and moral" dimensions.


In order to confirm the relationship between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) regression and atrophic effect of chlormadinone acetate (CMA), the prostates of spontaneous BPH dogs administered CMA for 6 months were investigated histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Male beagle dogs (5-8 years old) were divided into four experimental groups; Group 1 consisted of untreated controls. Groups 2 to 4 received CMA 0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg/day, p.o., respectively, for 6 months. In group 1, glandular hyperplasia of the prostate was clearly detected. In groups 2 to 4, CMA produced marked atrophy of the glandular epithelium. The interacinar fibro-muscular stroma was prominent. To evaluate the frequency of apoptosis, we counted the positive cells stained by the nick end labeling method. In group 1, the apoptotic index was 0.68 ± 0.03 %. In groups 2 to 4, apoptotic indices were 10.32 ± 0.96 %, 2.05 ± 0.88 %, and 1.15 ± 0.75 %, respectively. Apoptotic cell death was mainly observed in the glandular epithelial cells. Based on our data, regression of BPH after treatment with CMA may be apoptotic cell death.


Inmates with disabilities are at high risk of serious illness and death from COVID-19 due to crowded and unsanitary conditions. The punishment for serious crimes is incarceration—not exposure to a dangerous, contagious virus. Prisoners have human rights, notwithstanding the loss of most of their civic rights. Critical Disability Studies draws attention to multiple and overlapping injustices and oppressions. Prisoners with disabilities often suffer from race and ethnic discrimination, poverty, trauma, multiple physical impairments, mental illness, and/or cognitive limitations. This essay calls for action to accelerate compassionate release of disabled inmates, many of whom are at high risk for COVID-19, and offers recommendations for improving conditions of confinement for disabled inmates who remain incarcerated.


The present research paper aims in evaluating the strength of the welded AA6351 alloy plates of 6 mm thick by using friction stir welding technique at different rotational speeds The applied welding technique is capable of achieving the mechanical properties of the alloy close to that of the original alloy. In the present investigation, the speeds of the spindle were varied from 1100 rpm to 1500 rpm with a constant transverse speed of 20 mm/min. The tensile strength of the joints is determined by an universal testing machine. The results from the present investigation show that the values of the yield strength were very much closer to the values of the AA6351Alloy prior to welding. It has been found from the experiments that the strength of the joints increases with the increase in the rotational speed; however, the same is decreasing after achieving certain speed.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Myocardial work (MW) is a new tool in the echocardiographic assessment of the left ventricle (LV) performance. Specifically, this method evaluates LV function by incorporating myocardial strain and non-invasive blood pressure. Despite its added value in clinical application, it has not been studied in cardiac rehabilitation setting.

 The aim of this study is to investigate the change in left ventricle function, through MW, in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) before and after cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

 Observational and prospective study that included patients undergoing CABG with indication for a CR program. All patients underwent a baseline evaluation and a transthoracic echocardiography before and after CR. In addition, a six-minute walking test and a Borg scale were also performed.

 Forty-one patients were included in the study. Baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1. At baseline, the left ventricle ejection fraction was 55,45%, the global work index was 1502,35 mmHg%, and the six-minute walking test was 57,07 meters. All parameters improved after a CR program at least two weeks. Indeed, the left ventricle ejection fraction was 59,41% (p = 0,025), the global work index was 1855,74 mmHg% (p = 0,0005), and the six-minute walking test was 447,92 meters (p = < 0,0001).

 In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, the CR improves the left ventricle performance and global work index, associated with increased functional capacity.


What is the public interest in a free press? Is the value of a free press simply the value of freedom of speech, as the press would have us think, so that we can use the terms 'free speech' and 'free press' interchangeably? This issue is important because it is a central battle ground not only in relation to the merits of press regulation, but also in terms of the linked issue of how press freedom should be balanced with other rights, such as privacy and reputation. If we regard press freedom as merely an aspect of freedom of speech, or see the two freedoms simply as equivalent, then we might be inclined to see the proposed regulation of newspapers, which on any judgment will reduce their freedom,in the sense of freedom-from-interference, as a bad thing. On the other hand, if we regard the value or role of speech in the mass media as somehow different from the value of individual free speech, seeing it as less concerned with the rights of the 'speaker' and more to do with the benefit obtained by the audience, then we might be more open to the view that regulating the press could actually enhance its value, from an audience perspective. This might be particularly so, if we had reason to believe, following the findings of the Leveson Report, that the unrestrained freedom of the press could be—and had been shown to be—a sometimes destructive force both for particular individuals and for the quality of public discourse overall. In short, the view taken of the nature of,


The current study reviews key social psychological mechanisms related to conflict and conflict resolution that manifest within both the coronavirus pandemic and climate change crises. The uncertainty, scale, and nature of both global crises generate various forms of individual‐ and group‐level conflicts that, mediated by psychological and cultural phenomena, impede beneficial action and sustainable adaptation. Specifically, we highlight five social psychological mechanisms (i.e., cognitive dissonance, responsibility diffusion, compassion fatigue, dehumanization, and competitive beliefs) known to interact with, produce, and amplify intrapersonal, interpersonal, and/or intergroup conflicts. We draw attention to how these mechanisms have been activated by the pandemic in ways that share important similarities with climate change and present evidence‐informed approaches to combating their contribution to conflict (i.e., motivating behavior change, implementing accountability mechanisms, creating collective action opportunities, fostering intergroup contact, and promoting perspective‐taking). By engaging social psychological research to better understand both the roots of conflict as well as outline potential individual, community, and societal responses that can help alleviate conflict during these global crises, we can increase our ability to successfully navigate and in some cases avoid future conflicts caused by climate change.


Abstract Rotuma, the northern-most Fijian island, reportedly has two resident species of treeskinks of the Emoia samoensis species group. One species is a member of the Emoia concolor species subgroup and was last reported from Rotuma in the 1890s. The other species is a member of the Emoia samoensis subgroup. Members of the latter subgroup are robust-bodied skinks in contrast to the more slender-bodied concolor. The abundant treeskink on Rotuma is more slender-bodied than other samoensis subgroup members but clearly belongs to this subgroup. It possesses other differences, particularly in scalation, that demonstrate its differentiation and speciation in the remote and isolated Rotuma Islands. It is recognized herein as a new species Emoia oriva. A key to the members of the Emoia samoensis species group provides a current summary of phenetic relationships in this group although on-going studies suggest at least a half-dozen species remain undescribed in the samoensis species group.


The high transparency of carbon-containing materials in the spectral region of "carbon window" ( ∼ 4.5–5 nm) introduces new opportunities for various soft X-ray microscopy applications. The develccepted 21 June 2010


This research was conducted on the basis of gender inequalities are still many who manifests in various forms. It is necessary to process gender-based regulation in any policy formulation by the government. Strengthening the role of women legislators is an important step to accommo-date the various demands, rights, and aspirations of women so as to produce public policies based on gender equality. This research uses descriptive qualitative method to describe the ac-tivities of a female legislative involvement Medan in quantity and quality in the use of his posi-tion to generate gender-based public policy. The results of this study indicate that: 1.Lack of po-litical education of women-owned legislature; 2.Patriarchal culture that remains deeply em-bedded in the public field; 3.Less time to focus on politics; 4.Female legislative indifference to the condition of women in the city of Medan; 5.The notion that women rely more on emotional creatures. Its base on gender and political approach. Keywords: Legislature, public policy, gender inequalities.


Significance RNA provides a link between variation at the DNA and phenotypic levels. We measured the abundances of RNA products of protein-coding genes and novel transcribed regions in a population of wild-derived inbred strains of Drosophila melanogaster whose genome sequences are also available. We exploited this unique resource to characterize the genetic basis of transcriptome diversity. We found high complexity of the genetic control of gene expression, including widespread sexual dimorphism, highly modularized expression patterns with involvement of novel RNA transcripts, and frequent epistatic interactions among expression quantitative trait loci (QTLs) which often give rise to variance expression QTLs. This study highlights the importance and general applicability of integrating expression phenotypes to understand the genetic architecture of complex quantitative phenotypes. Understanding how DNA sequence variation is translated into variation for complex phenotypes has remained elusive but is essential for predicting adaptive evolution, for selecting agriculturally important animals and crops, and for personalized medicine. Gene expression may provide a link between variation in DNA sequence and organismal phenotypes, and its abundance can be measured efficiently and accurately. Here we quantified genome-wide variation in gene expression in the sequenced inbred lines of the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), increasing the annotated Drosophila transcriptome by 11%, including thousands of novel transcribed regions (NTRs). We found that 42% of the Drosophila transcriptome is genetically variable in males and females, including the NTRs, and is organized into modules of genetically correlated transcripts. We found that NTRs often were negatively correlated with the expression of protein-coding genes, which we exploited to annotate NTRs functionally. We identified regulatory variants for the mean and variance of gene expression, which have largely independent genetic control. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for the mean, but not for the variance, of gene expression were concentrated near genes. Notably, the variance eQTLs often interacted epistatically with local variants in these genes to regulate gene expression. This comprehensive characterization of population-scale diversity of transcriptomes and its genetic basis in the DGRP is critically important for a systems understanding of quantitative trait variation.


Maintaining and improving health is one of the fundamental human right that may be pursued through the assurance of an equal and affordable access to health services to everyone. In this light, the growing use of mobile communication technology in the health sector is helping people to use preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic services more easily. In fact, through mobile communications technologies, also known as mHealth, people can have access to different services, namely doctors' consultations, follow-up visits, and medication management. From the side of health professionals, mHealth could allow to streamline tracking patients' data and making a timely use of patients' health data. Eventually, mHealth could also affect citizens, patients and health service as a whole, improving monitoring, reducing hospital admissions and enhancing education. Available data on the use of mobile technology among population let mHealth, and in particular mobile health applications (health apps), be a cutting-edge tool for the management of population health. In witness of this, the NICE is developing a system for evaluating health apps following its experience in the healthcare technology assessment (HTA) program. Furthermore, new HTA-like framework, i.e. The Model for Assessment of Telemedicine Applications (MAST), and new guidance for health apps assessment have been proposed. In fact, health apps may be considered as a health technology and may be classified as medical device considering that the new regulation of the European parliament 2017/745 includes among medical devices software intended to be used, alone or in combination, for human beings for one or more specific medical purposes. Even though current statistics show that health apps are not among the top downloaded apps, it may be guessed that their use will increase in the next years because of observed general trend and health digitalization. In this light, where do we are in terms of regulation and assessment of health apps? From the regulatory viewpoint, Germany is playing a forerunner role as it is working in order to make health apps prescribed for patients. Anyway, this policy calls the attention on the value of using apps in the management of citizens' and patients' health. Considering the implications of the use of health apps not only in terms of effectiveness and safety, but also with respect to - among the others - privacy, usability and interoperability, a multidisciplinary approach is envisaged to assess their impact. HTA could therefore foster a comprehensive evaluation and enable the involvement of health apps users in the assessment process. This workshop will address these topics through a) a description of the current state of the art of health apps regulation; b) an overview of available HTA evaluation of health apps: c) a focus on the available evidence on the impact of health apps on clinical outcomes, with specific reference to the field of mental health.

 Health apps can improve population's health management. International lessons on designing evaluation pathways to reimbursement can offer insights for the establishment of new systems. The evaluation of health apps deserves further development as only effectiveness and technical aspects are commonly evaluated.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Over the last years, the concept of multidisciplinary pulmonary embolism response teams (PERTs) has emerged to encounter the increasing variety and complexity in the management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

 To investigate the composition and added clinical value of PERT in our city.

 Over a 5-year period (01/2017-09/2022), patients with confirmed PE were enrolled in a prospective single-centre cohort study (PERT). We investigated the composition of PERT and compared, after propensity score matching, patients with acute PE prior and after the formation of PERT at our institution. The primary outcome was in-hospital PE-related mortality before and after the formation of PERT.

 During the period from 2017 to 2022, 88 patients with acute PE with a PERT decision were registered. Of those, 13 (14.8%) patients died during the in-hospital stay. Patients evaluated by a PERT had a mean age of 68 years; among these 48.9% were females, and 21.7% suffered from malignancy. Right ventricular dysfunction was present in 84.9% of the patients. In total, 42.0% were classified as intermediate-risk PE and 11.6% as high-risk PE. First PERT contact originated mostly by emergency departments (33.3 %) and intensive care unit (30.0%), followed by chest pain unit (21.3%) and regular ward (12.0%) (Figure 1a). The participation rate of specialties demonstrated that cardiologists (100%) or cardiac/vascular surgeons (98.6%) were included in almost all PERT activations followed by radiologist (95.9%) or anesthesiologist (87.8%). Further disciplines were present in few cases as summarized in Figure 1b. When comparing patients characteristics of the pre-PERT era with the PERT era, more patients were classified as sPESI ≥1 and as high-risk according to ESC 2019 guidelines in the pre-PERT era (78.4% and 18.2%) opposed to the PERT era (71.6 and 11.4%) (Figure 2). A considerable higher all-cause mortality (31.8% vs. 14.8%) and PE-related mortality rate (22.7% vs. 13.6%) was observed in patients in the pre-PERT era compared to the PERT era. After propensity matching (1:1) by including parameters as age, sex, sPESI and ESC risk classes, an univariate regression analyses demonstrated, that the PE management based on a PERT-decision was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (OR, 0.37 [95%CI 0.18-0.77]; p=0.009) and PE-related mortality (OR, 0.54 [95%CI 0.24-1.18]; p=0.121) compared to patients without a PERT-decision.

 PERT implementation tended to reduce the mortality rate in patients with acute PE. Large prospective studies are needed to further explore the impact of PERTs on clinical outcomes.


Objectie:to investigate the psychological condition of the freshman of grade 2010 in a Secondary Vocational School majoring in pharmaceutical.Approach: SCL—90(symptom checklist-90);Result: every factor is much higher than that of Jiangsu normal level;Conclusion: the educator should pay much attention to this phenomenon.


The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the Independent Curriculum using the PMO (Program Management Office) instrument at TK Kemala Bhayangkari 31 Tanggul. The research method used is narrative qualitative with a case study approach. The sample taken was one school using a purposive sampling technique, namely Kemala Bhayangkari Kindergarten 31 Tanggul, Jember Regency, where the school is one of the Mobilizing Schools that implements the Independent Curriculum. Data were obtained using the PMO instrument with a rating scale which was then analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques. The results showed that the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at Kindergarten Kemala Bhayangkari 31 Tanggul had gone well as evidenced by the average PMO score at level 4 (four).

Keywords: analysis, implementation, independent curriculum, PMO, driving school


—In this paper we consider the problem of monitor- ing an intruder in a setting where the number of opportunities to conduct surveillance is budgeted. Specifically, we consider a problem in which we model the state of an intruder in our system with a Markov chain of finite state space. These problems are considered in a setting in which we have a hard limit on the number of times we may view the state. Such a constraint is natural when considering surveillance where mobile devices are involved and battery power is at a premium. We consider the Markov chain together with an associated metric that measures the distance between any two states. We develop a policy to optimally (with respect to the specified metric) keep track of the state of the chain at each time step over a finite horizon when we may only observe the chain a limited number of times. The tradeoff captured is the budget for surveillance versus having a more accurate estimate of the state; the decision at each time step is whether or not to use an opportunity to observe the process.


The scientific forestland protection and utilization planning can promote the reasonable use and effective protection of forestland resource,making the forest ecological construction and social economic development compatible.However,at present some system defects,such as,the incomplete legal system for forestland protection and utilization planning,the unclear procedures for stakeholders to participate in the forestland planning,and the imperfect legal responsibility system of forestland planning,cause that the forestland protection and utilization planning can not guarantee the scientific development of forestry in China.It is necessary to strengthen the legal control of forestland protection and utilization planning through perfecting land planning legal system,detailing the forestland protection and utilization planning,improving stakeholders participation system,keeping the planning and decision-making scientific,clearing the legal responsibility of related subjects,and perfecting the system of accountability for planning,etc..


The management of financial budget is an effective management tool of the modern enterprise management at present.This paper probes into some measures for strengthening the management and control of enterprise's financial budget.


This paper investigates smart home energy management in consideration of tradeoffs between residential privacy and energy costs. A multiobjective approach that minimizes energy costs and maximizes privacy protection is proposed. The approach leads to a multiobjective optimization problem in which the two objectives are addressed in separate dimensions. A hybrid algorithm that employs a stochastic search for power scheduling of home appliances and uses deterministic battery control is developed accordingly. The proposed approach can avoid some drawbacks faced by conventional weighted-sum methods for multiobjective optimization: the combination of objectives in different units, heuristic assignment of weighting coefficients, and possible misrepresentation of user preference. In contrast with existing studies on residential user privacy that assume limited controllability of appliances to facilitate algorithm development, this approach addresses the use of flexible appliances in smart homes. Simulations reveal that the proposed approach can maintain a reasonable energy cost while robustly preserving user privacy at a sensible level; its convergence rate is comparable to existing multiobjective evolutionary algorithms while the proposed approach yields a better level of convergence; the proposed approach is scalable to a group of smart houses, achieving a superior peak-to-average ratio that is beneficial to the stability of the underlying power grid.


The thermal characteristics of bio-oils derived from swine manure/crude glycerol co-liquefaction were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis of the bio-oils were carried out in O2 and N2 atmospheres under 20 °C/min to a maximum temperature of 1000 °C. The results indicate that the combustion processes of bio-oils were divided into three stages, with most of the materials decomposing between 330 and 370 °C. The kinetic parameters of different kinds of bio-oils were determined using the Coats-Redfern method, considering that bio-oil combustion occurs in three consecutive steps. Four models including more than twelve alpha functions were tested to fit our experimental results. The calculation shows that the diffusion models are the best fit for describing the bio-oil combustion process in the air. The study not only provides useful data on burning this type of oil, but also provides information for designing and controlling a thermal degradation process.


Nucleophilic vinylic substitutions of (Z)-(β-halovinyl)phenyliodonium salts with tetrabutylammonium halides proceed in a stereoselective manner with retention of configuration yielding vicinal (Z)-vinyl dihalides. This reaction competes with nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Similar competition was observed in the reactions with potassium halides/cuprous halides.


In this study, three females were crossed with five male parents and fifteen hybrids were developed. These fifteen hybrids along with their parental lines and check viz., BDNG 797 were grown during Rabi season of 2014. The parental line BDNGK 798 exhibited high GCA effect for plant height and 100 seed weight, Vijay for number of primary and secondary branches per plant, Digvijay for number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant. The cross BDNGK 798 x SAKI 9516 recorded high significant and desirable SCA effect for number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant and the cross BDNGK 9-3 x ICC 14871 for seed yield per plant.


Successful n‐type doping of HgCdTe layers with indium during growth by molecular beam epitaxy is reported for the first time. The indium concentration is found to increase with the In flux. The doping level reaches around 1018 cm−3, which is nearly two orders of magnitude more than what can be achieved by stoichiometry deviation in as‐grown samples. In the range studied, the electrical efficiency is substantial and decreases with increasing In atomic concentration. The experimental measurements are in agreement with a model suggesting that indium, which is not singly ionized, precipitates as In2Te3 and that the native acceptor defect concentration remains approximately constant. n‐type doping is shown to be possible for a wide range of alloy concentrations. Good electron mobilities in the alloy are presented for the doping concentrations studied. This technique will greatly enhance the potential of molecular beam epitaxy for device applications of this material.


A new non-destructive method is proposed to characterize the gate insulator quality and degradation mechanism. In this method, a new parameter called "Protection Voltage", is extracted during Fowler-Nordheim (FN) stress on the gate insulator. By using capactor devices of 6nm thermal gate oxide on silicon substrate, this work found six useful characteristics of the "Protection Voltage" in oxide wearout measurements and understanding oxide energy band degradation mechanisms.


In this paper,we propose a multilevel coded modulation system based on superimposed LDPC codes.Compared with traditional multilevel coding techniques,superimposed coded modulation system is symmetric among different layers and hence can be expanded easily.By comparing the decoding complexity of LDPC codes with that of turbo codes,we point out that the proposed superimposed LDPC coded modulation system can be easily designed and implemented.Simulation results show that superimposed LDPC coded modulation system has good performance without sacrificing bandwidth.


Let {N(x), x ≥ 0} be a non-homogeneous, also called non-stationary, Poisson process with density function λ(x), x ≥ 0. We consider the problem of testing the null hypothesis of λ(x) having a constant value against the alternative that λ(x) is a function of x.


w t here {e } is independent white noise. The width of the forecast interval is proportional to the square r root of the one-step forecast error variance, var [x − f ] = var [e ] = σ , a constant. On the othe n +1 n , 1 n +1 e t i hand, actual financial time series often show sudden bursts of high volatility. For example, if a recen nnovation was strongly negative (indicating a crash, etc.), a period of high volatility will often follow.


Analog to digital converters (ADCs) are ubiquitously required in modern spaceborne electronic systems. However, as a continually shrink of the technology feature sizes, single-event effects (SEEs) such as single-event transients (SETs) and single-event upsets (SEUs) can significantly cause performance degradation of the data converters exposed to radiation environments. This paper analyzes SE vulnerability in pipelined ADC. Circuit-level radiation-hardened-by-design (RHBD) techniques for analog SET (ASET) and a system-level digital calibration method for radiation hardening are discussed. Based on the dual-path technique, a prototype radiation hardened 14-bit 1GSPS pipelined ADC based on 65nm CMOS process is designed. Simulation results show a SFDR value of 79.91dB for a 1.7VP-P 340.3MHz input sine wave at a sampling frequency of 1GHz with radiation immunity.


The invention discloses an organic silicon sealant for steam turbines. The sealant comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of alpha-omega-dihydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 15-25 parts of azido-terminated polybutadiene, 2-5 parts of a fire retardant, 3-7 parts of an antioxidant, 1-3 parts of a garcinia cambogia extract and 10-20 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone. Through the above mode, the sealant has a flame-retardant function, has high safety performance and has a wide market prospect.


BIM having started from architecture is being used in civil structure, but there are very few examples despite its effectiveness. In this paper, based on BIM technology, it is presented the method and result of developing web-based 5D system connecting cost, schedule and 3D model from the cable-stayed bridge. Through the system, the user can understand easily schedule on specific time and during some period and extract cost directly. This system also can manage various data types such as drawings, 3D models, documents and photos, for enhanced communication between stakeholders.


Autonomous learning has been the study focus recently.Most of the students have accepted it gradually,thus benefiting from it.As one of the aspects of constructing autonomous learning,correction has been a leading problem during their learning;it has been an important step for the students to conduct their autonomous learning.This paper aims to find out a proper method to students' correction based on the students' autonomous learning environment.Teachers could grasp some teaching concepts from the students' correction,using them in their teaching appropriately,providing some aids to the students for constructing their autonomous learning and getting it better.


Correctional Institution is a place to carry out coaching for prisoners and Correctional Students which is carried out using the correctional system. This study aims to (1) determine the effectiveness of the role of correctional institutions in the efforts to foster convicts in terms of law no. 22 of 2022 concerning correctional (2) determines the implementation of coaching in Class IIA Bekasi Penitentiary for convicts who are sentenced to light crimes. The type of research used in this research is empirical juridical with the nature of descriptive research. This research was conducted at the Bekasi Class IIA Penitentiary. The data collection technique was carried out by using interviews and literature study techniques. The data collection method was processed qualitatively. The results of the research (1) determine the effectiveness of the role of correctional institutions in the efforts to foster convicts in terms of law no. 22 of 2022 concerning correctional facilities is not yet fully effective because in reality there are still convicts who commit repeated crimes. (2) knowing that the implementation of coaching in Class IIA Bekasi Penitentiary for convicts sentenced to light crimes has not been fully implemented properly, as evidenced by the fact that the rights of prisoners have not been fully fulfilled and some activities are not running optimally due to overcapacity of correctional institutions, not in proportion to the number training officers and convicts, as well as the lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure for coaching.


Adrenoreceptor (AR) activation governs the magnitude and distribution of exercise hyperemia in accord with heterogeneity of AR subtype distribution. Functional studies in rat cremaster muscle (CM) indicate α1 AR predominate in proximal (1A) arterioles and α2 AR in distal (3A) arterioles yet little is known of arteriolar AR subtype distribution in locomotor muscles, particularly for the mouse. We tested the hypothesis that functional AR subtype exhibits regional heterogeneity in arteriolar networks of gluteus maximus muscle (GM). In anesthetized male C57BL/6J mice (3 mo), concentration‐response curves (1 nM – 1 μM, 0.5 log increments) were performed in superfused GM (35 °C, pH 7.4; n 5/group). Norepinephrine (NE, nonselective α AR agonist) constricted 1A, 2A and 3A with similar potency and efficacy. In contrast to rat CM, phenylephrine (PE; α1 AR agonist) evoked greater (p<0.05) constriction in 3A (inhibited by prazosin, 10 nM; α1 AR antagonist) while UK14304 (UK; α2 AR agonist) evoked greater (p<0.05) constriction in 1A (inhibited by rauwolscine, 0.1 μM; α2 AR antagonist). Isoproterenol (β AR agonist) dilated 1A, 2A, and 3A with similar potency and efficacy; each was inhibited by propanolol (β AR antagonist, 0.1 μM) which otherwise had no effect on responses to NE, PE, or UK. We conclude that functional AR distribution in arteriolar networks of mouse GM is heterogeneous and differs from previous reports. (HL086483)


An ultrastructural study of African endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) of the skin and lymph nodes revealed an irregularity of blood vascular tissues and prominent diapiresis of erythrocytes in the early stage of the disease. In the advanced stage, incomplete blood capillary structures covered with primitive mesenchymal cells were observed. Erythrophagia was frequently seen. These results suggest that KS cells are derived from primitive mesenchymal cells which may differentiate to immature endothelial cells.


For the last few years the authors have been extolling the virtues of a multiple sensor approach to hardwood defect detection. Since 1989 the authors have actively been trying to develop such a system. This paper details some of the successes and failures that have been experienced to date. It also discusses what remains to be done and gives time lines for the completion of the tasks that remain to be performed.


The design and implementing of an application server is presented based on J2EE standard named Synchro Web, which adopts web core technology and provides a strong infrastructure platform to construct Internet enterprise application with multi-tier architecture methodology,and provides a system platform to rapidly rebuild, deploy and maintain enterprise application system which consists of component software. It provides necessary low-lay service for complexity application in Internet scenario and supports rapidly developing system, so it would shorten system developing period and save cost. SynchroWeb is a necessary and scalable software system platform to develop, deploy, run and manage Internet applications. It provides a container of enterprise component software EJB,dealing with balance-loading in multi-servers and enhancing security and transaction in order to meet the requirement in large e-commerce and enterprise web application.


Iris recognition is one of the best methods in the biometric identification field because the iris has features that are not unique but also stay throughout the person's lifetime. Iris recognition has multiple phases namely Image Acquisition, Iris Segmentation, Iris Localization, Feature Extraction and Matching. Image Acquisition is simply the capturing of the iris image at an optimal distance. Iris Segmentation is the process of obtaining all the different segments of the eye. Iris Localization is the process of finding inner and outer boundaries of the iris differentiating it from the sclera and pupil and mainly focusing on the iris alone. Feature extraction is the process of extracting the biometric template from the Iris, giving the unique data required for the next step. Matching is the process of finding the best match in the database for the extracted biometric template. The future implementation of this paper focuses only on the processes of Image Acquisition, Iris Segmentation and Iris Localization. The paper aims to optimise these processes in terms of image capture distance, computation time and memory requirement, using the Dynamic Reconfigurable Processor (DRP) technology along with suitable algorithms for segmentation and localization processes as described in sections 2.2 and 2.3 respectively.


Aiming at the problem that traditional vector recognition algorithm has and low recognition efficiency,this paper uses a new method to recognize the digitized curves which is based on sparse pixel traversal tracking fitting algorithm.The algorithm operations with orthogonal pixel tracking style to obtain key points data of graphics area,then the obtained points are used to make curve fitting to uniformly perform the recognition of line segments,circles and arcs,et al.Experimental results show that this algorithm is more efficient and effective compared with conventional methods,especially on the consumed time and space.


A series of novel amino acid ureidoamides 4a-o were prepared from N-(1-benzotriazolecarbonyl)-
amino acid chloride 3, derived from L-alanine, L-valine, L-leucine, D-phenylglycine and
L-phenylalanine, and the corresponding aminoalcohols (2-amino-1-ethanol, 3-amino-1-propanol and
5-amino-1-pentanol). The compounds were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic methods (IR, 1H and 13C NMR) and their structure was confirmed by elemental analysis. Antioxidant screenings (interaction with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, soybean lipoxygenase inhibition activity, inhibition of linoleic
acid lipid peroxidation) revealed that the prepared compounds possessed only modest activity. On the other hand, no significant antiproliferative activity against five human cell lines and very weak antimicrobial activity against several bacteria and fungi were detected.


Fault picking is a critical, but a resource intensive tool for seismic interpretation. In a bid to improve fault imaging in seismic data, we have applied a directional Laplacian of a Gaussian (LoG) operator to sharpen fault features within a dissimilarity volume. We compute an M by M matrix of the distance-weighted coherence values that fall within a 3D analysis window about each voxel. The eigenvectors of this matrix define the orientation of planar discontinuities while the corresponding eigenvalues determine whether these discontinuities are significant. If a plane is detected, the eigenvectors define a natural coordinate system for smoothing. We rotate the data to the new coordinate system and apply the sharpening operator. We find that our proposed algorithm improves the faults image by sharpening such features and suppressing some of the noise within. The reliability and robustness of the technique is tested on real data from New Zealand.


Hrabeiella periglandulata (Annelida: "Polychaeta"), one of only two known exclusively terrestrial non-clitellate annelids ("polychaetes"), has been found at an increasing number of sites in Europe and has also recently been reported from Korea. Until recently it was known only from a zone from southern Sweden across central Europe to central Italy. Looking at SEM micrographs, the ultrastructure of the unique chaetae of Hrabeiella periglandulata appeared to differ rather markedly among different populations, which gave rise to the question of whether they all belonged to a single species. To resolve this question, specimens from a total of 17 sites were collected, ranging from Spain in the West to Romania in the East. Specimens from these populations were processed by two different methods and examined using SEM. The results obtained indicate that apparent differences, as published for some Italian and German populations, can be caused by even small differences in the fixation procedure preceding the SEM examination. Such causes might lead to false conclusions when judging morphological differences visible by SEM within taxonomical studies. We conclude that chaetal morphology and ultrastructure point at the existence of only one species of Hrabeiella that is widely distributed. We present 19 previously unpublished localities for the species (not fully overlapping with the 17 collection sites used in our SEM examination), including the first records for four countries: Spain, Denmark, Hungary, and Romania.