A descriptive retrospective analysis of 811 antibiograms in dogs and cats was carried out in order to get a better insight into the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance against 'critically important antimicrobials with highest priority for human medicine' in dogs and cats. A veterinary diagnostic laboratory performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing on 811 Escherichia coli isolates obtained from veterinary clinical samples from dogs and cats in Flanders, Belgium. These isolates were mainly from fecal ( 62.5%) or urogenital (30.5%) origin. A disk diffusion method with breakpoints provided by the supplier of the antibiotic disks was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The results indicated that 9.5% of the Escherichia coli isolates were resistant against or intermediate susceptible to marbo-floxacine, 16.7% to enrofloxacine and 15.7% to cefovecin. The unexpected difference in resistance between marbofloxacine and enrofloxacin may be, at least partially, explained by the different clinical breakpoints used to interpret the results of sensitivity tests for dog and cat isolates in both agents. The observed resistance in this study might be related to the regular use of fluoroquinolones and third generation cephalosporins. Therefore, the use of 'critically important antimicrobials with highest priority for human medicine' remains an important issue in small animal veterinary medicine.


Undoped p-GaSe layered single crystals were grown using Bridgman technique. Thermally stimulated current measurements in the temperature range of 10-300 K were performed at a heating rate of 0.18 K/s. The analysis of the data revealed three trap levels at 0.02, 0.10 and 0.26 eV. The calculation for these traps yielded 8.8 x 10 -27 , 1.9 x 10 -25 , and 3.2 x 10 -21 cm 2 for capture cross sections and 3.2 x 10 14 . 1.1 x 10 16 , and 1.2 x 10 16 cm -3 for the concentrations, respectively.


Nowadays, online judges are very important to improve programming skills for education and technology companies. For this reason, there are many online judges that include large sets of programming challenges. This creates an information overload problem that affects students due to their lack of expertise in choosing the correct challenge to solve, resulting in frustration and a loss of interest in this topic. To solve this scenario, recommender systems appear, but programming judges have not delved much into it. Consequently, this research aims to evaluate the performance of six selected collaborative filtering techniques via a cloud-based software architecture. To validate our experiments we used real online programming judges like CodeChef and NinjaCoding using cloud based architecture with Amazon Web Services, evaluated through Friedman and Wilcoxon statistical tests. The results indicated that Singular Value Decomposition is the best model evaluated with RMSE metric and the fastest in execution time with big datasets.


In view of the problems of people's understunding of 'Theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics',The thesis mainly with the research method of the historical and logical unity,elaborates that the relationship among the three major theoretical achievements is of the same origin and also keeping up with the times.'Theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics',includes Deng Xiaoping's Theory,The important thinking of 'Three Represents' and the Scientific Concept of Development and other major theoretical achievements.Grasping correctly the relationship among the three theoretical achievements is of great significance for in-depth study and understanding the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.


The ancient Greeks experienced war in many forms. By land and by sea, they conducted raids, ambushes, battles and sieges; they embarked on campaigns of intimidation, conquest and annihilation; they fought against fellow Greeks and non-Greeks.

Drawing on a wealth of literary, epigraphic and archaeological material, this wide-ranging synthesis looks at the practicalities of Greek warfare and its wider social ramifications. Alongside discussions of the nature and role of battle, logistics, strategy, and equipment are examinations of other fundamentals of war: religious and economic factors, militarism and martial values, and the relationships between the individual and the community, before, during and after wars. The book takes account of the main developments of modern scholarship in the field and engages with the many theories and interpretations that have been advanced in recent years, in a way that is stimulating and accessible to both specialist readers and a wider audience.


To learn the dynamic characteristics of the HAGC of the rolling mill,the ideal dynamic characteristics of hot rolling mill F2 were studied,by inputting step-function signals,steel biting and throwing was simulated.In order to get the dynamic characteristics of steady working area,sine signals were input to simulate hydraulic screw down control system of rolling mill.Field test results indicate that the actual system dynamic characteristics are accordant with the theoretic analysis.


The purpose of the present investigation was to develop curriculum-valid mathematics survey tests based on an analysis of district adopted basal mathematics curriculum material. We describe a taxonomy of curriculum analysis that was beneficial, in part, in item creation and test construction. Test items were selected to accurately represent the curriculum. The survey test was piloted with a group of 240 students each in Grades 3, 4, and 5 of six schools. A second, parallel test was developed and administered to the same group approximately six months later. Test results were reported to teachers as student and item information. Implications for future assessment research and practice involving students with learning difficulties are also discussed.


A identification method for the determination of phthalates plasticizers in leather products by ion mobility spectroscopy is described in this paper. The samples were extracted at 40 ℃ for 30 min by ultrasonic using acetone as the extracting solvent. The extract was analyzed using ion mobility spectroscopy, which enables the fast identification of 6restricted phthalates. The detection limit of each phthalate is between 7-180 mg/kg, which meets the determination requirement of REACH regulation.


Caste, Class and Democracy is concerned with recent changes in the stratifi cation systems of three communities in Uttar Pradesh, India, during the thirty-fi ve-year period from 1930 to 1965. "The major theoretical concern behind this research is to study the changes in a stratifi cation system over time and to identify the important societal factors that have influenced the process," and to examine "how institutionalized inequalities are created and distributed, particularly in India."


Employing a bona fide network perspective, this study investigates the network processes and outcomes of organizational collaborative networks before and following Typhoon Haiyan, taking into account the influences of network factors, organizational attributes, and environmental exigencies. The analysis from an online survey with relief organizations and those organizations' Twitter data showed the consistent influence of past relationships on the formation of subsequent relationships after the disaster. In the on-the-ground network, a few highly active organizations stood out and engaging in multiple modes of communication with resource contacts was seen as an adaptive practice that helped organizations to build resource ties after the typhoon. In the online domain, organizations developed post-typhoon networks by means of becoming directly linked to one another and becoming equally resourceful in building their ties. In addition, different forms of resilience were observed as outcomes of collaborative networks. Findings of this study present theoretical and practical implications by unveiling the network dynamics of contemporary humanitarian actions.


AMONG a series of detailed histological descriptions of the granuloma in Crohn's disease (Jones Williams, 1964; Lee and Roy, 1964; Lockhart-Mummery and Morson, 1964; Gonzalez-Licea and Yardley, 1966; Janowitz and Present, 1966; Morson, 1968 ; Johansen and Axelsson, 1970; Kent, Ammon and Den Besten, 1970) only one (Hiatt and Katz, 1962) refers to the presence and increase of mast cells in these lesions. Mast-cell increase has been reported more frequently in non-specific ulcerative colitis (McAuley and Sommers, 1961 ; Hiatt and Katz; Selye, 1965; Sommers, 1966). In the electron-microscope studies of Crohn's disease there is no report on the association of mast cells with these lesions (Curran and Creamer, 1963; Dobbins, Tomasini and Rollins, 1969). In a critical evaluation of lightand electron-microscope findings of tissue reactions in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, mast-cell increase has been described in lesions of ulcerative colitis only (GonzalezLicea and Yardley). This communication reports the consistent presence of numerous mast cells as observed in paraffin sections in 15 cases of Crohn's disease together with a study of their prevalence in other chronic inflammatory diseases of the bowel, and presents a description of the electron-microscope observations on these cells.


Increasing environmental concerns in recent decades has caused a significant attention to pollutants emission and the ways to control them. Piston cavity diameter and dept effects on direct injection diesel engine performance and emissions were studied in this research. AVL FIRE 3D CFD software was used for engine cycle simulation in this studying. By applying the combustion, turbulence and pollution equations, the direct injection diesel engine closed cycle has simulated numerically. After mesh independency analyzing and simulation results validation with experimental data, the engine simulation was done for four different piston bowl geometries and the results such as incylinder pressure, heat release rate, temperature and emissions. Then the results were compared for all geometries. The results shown that there is less wet wall for geometry 4 that has large diameter and low dept and it can be concluded that incylinder mixing process and combustion for this geometry is better and it has good performance and low emission in comparison to other one. Also the results shown that nitrogen oxide emission reduced by reducing the diameter and increasing the depth of the piston bowl, but it increase unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and soot emissions.


For a network design and a cell traffic control in an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) system, it is significant to construct a stochastic model to represent bursty cell streams. As models of bursty cell streams, a Markov modulated Poisson process (MMPP) model and an autoregressive process of order 1 (AR(1)) model have been studied. the MMPP is a process which is based on the Poisson processes, so the MMPP allows the exact queueing theoretic analysis to provide some performance measures. However, it is not capable of expressing the autocorrelation of the cell stream directly. Moreover, the MMPP requires considerable calculation time to achieve the exact analysis.

The AR(1) process has advantages of a simple form and the capability of directly expressing the auto-correlation of the cell stream. However, it cannot follow a rapid change of the cell stream.

This paper adopts the AR(1) as a model of the basic cell stream and combines the interrupted Poisson process (IPP) to follow a rapid change. the AR(1) + IPP is proposed to model a video cell traffic, which is the most important source in ATM networks. By applying an approximation technique, the cell loss probability of the system is analyzed. With respect to the accuracy and the calculation time, the proposed model is compared with other conventional models to confirm that the proposed model is superior to the others.


In the Joint Juan Montalvo canton Arenillas, El Oro Province Fiscal School, the study on the incidence motivation and sophomores basic education was conducted in school performance d, the overall objective was. To determine the incidence of motivation in the academic performance of sophomores Basic Education Joint Fiscal Juan Montalvo School.


Education Students-centered learning strategy is designed to provide a flexible learning system suited to students learning styles. Learning instruction can be developed and implemented at any level of education, equipped with learning sources to overcome the conventional problems. This is an experimental research with descriptive and qualitative approaches. The samples used in this research were 40 out of 360 students or equals to 11%. The result of the test after the treatment was 20.05 in averages with variant score 5.48 while the standard deviation score was 2.41. It was also shown that the lowest score in pre-test was 15 and the highest score was 26. The average of the post-test was 22.55 with the variant score 9.48 while the standard deviation score was 3.07. The lowest score was 12 and the highest was 30. It could be concluded that Ha was accepted but Ho was rejected because t value of calculation 3.35 > t value of table; 1.68. Therefore, there was a significant difference between the result of the test after and before the implementation of the strategy. The students' learning outcome also increased as much as 12,46%.


Micro-expressions are reflections of people's true feelings and motives, which attract an increasing number of researchers into the study of automatic facial micro-expression recognition. The short detection window, the subtle facial muscle movements, and the limited training samples make micro-expression recognition challenging. To this end, we propose a novel Identity-aware and Capsule-Enhanced Generative Adversarial Network with graph-based reasoning (ICE-GAN), introducing micro-expression synthesis as an auxiliary task to assist recognition. The generator produces synthetic faces with controllable micro-expressions and identity-aware features, whose long-ranged dependencies are captured through the graph reasoning module (GRM), and the discriminator detects the image authenticity and expression classes. Our ICE-GAN was evaluated on Micro-Expression Grand Challenge 2019 (MEGC2019) with a significant improvement (12.9%) over the winner and surpassed other state-of-the-art methods.


Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of yeast probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii on the frequency and duration of acute diarrhea in children. Methods: Sixty children were randomized to receive yeast probiotic S. boulardii in a daily dose of 250 mg (trial group-30 patients) or placebo (control group-30 patients) for five days. The clinical and demographic characteristics of two groups were recorded before the intervention. After intervention, the two groups were compared in terms of frequency of diarrhea, duration of diarrhea, and hospital stay. Results: The median (interquartile range) of frequency of diarrhea in the trial group was significantly lower than placebo group (4 [2] vs. 5 [2.5]) (P = 0.04). Also, the median (interquartile range) of duration of diarrhea in the trial group was significantly lower than placebo group (3 [2] vs. 4 [2.5]) (P = 0.03). There was no significant difference between groups for hospital stay (P = 0.8). Conclusions: The present study reveals that the use of yeast probiotic S. boulardii can reduce the frequency and duration of acute diarrhea. Therefore, we recommended S. boulardii administration to acute diarrhea in children.


The paper investigates the models of welfare with description of social expenses and tax burden. A comparative analysis of major sources and parameters of the foreign and national welfare models is conducted. The main parameters of the national welfare model are revealed that are found by two means: a. using foreign description methodology and b. estimating an optimum level of social expenses in the Russian reality.


BACKGROUND
Patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease failing to achieve complete remission with chemotherapy or developing disease progression within 1 year have a poor prognosis with salvage chemotherapy.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Twenty-five patients fulfilling the above criteria after failing treatment with ChlVPP (chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisolone) or its variant were treated with a new salvage regimen CAPE/PALE (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, prednisolone, etoposide and lomustine), given for 6 courses at three weekly intervals.

RESULTS
Thirteen of the 25 patients (52%) achieved complete remission. After a minimum follow-up period of 38 months five of these patients remained free from disease progression. This regimen was very well tolerated.

CONCLUSIONS
CAPE/PALE produces results comparable to other salvage regimens in Hodgkin's disease. New strategies are however required for this patient group.


Abstract This paper illustrates how important changes can occur in science learning and teaching if teachers take the trouble to understand and respect the cultural worlds of Indigenous students, and incorporate something of this understanding within their teaching practice. Ten teachers participated in a specially-designed one-year university postgraduate course, which encouraged them to incorporate into their classroom learning two Māori pedagogical principles, ako and whakawhanaungatanga. Ako is a responsive and reciprocal process, through which both teaching and learning roles are shared. Whakawhanaungatanga is the process of constructing relationships in the classroom between people, between students' cultural knowledge and domain knowledge. This paper draws on co-constructed narratives from four of the teachers, two Māori and two Pākehā (New Zealanders of European descent). The teachers built trusting and respectful relationships with their Māori students by facilitating connections between Western and Māori worldviews of science. They shared their teaching role with Māori elders (kaumātua) and members of the extended family of their students (whānau). The teachers learned a great deal from their Māori students who became highly engaged and agentic in their science learning. Students took collaborative responsibility for asking learning questions, and sought information on science topics from both Western and Māori worldviews.


ion, for spatial and time-relationship, and motor abilities. Both the two-factor theory of Spearman and the factor-analysis theory of Thurstone are still in use for the construction of tests: British psychologists, most of whom follow the Spearman tradition, still believe that accounts for most of the correlation among tests. Although recognizing the presence of several group factors, such psychologists tend to relegate them to a relatively minor role. The majority of American psychologists, on the other hand, consider group factors to be of major importance, and the g, factor to be secondary. There is also some evidence to suggest that abilities become more clearly differentiated into group factors with increasing age and education.32 Since almost every general education program employs psychological testing, and since the student's future may be determined by the basic assumptions of the tests to be used, it is of great import to know whether the tests are based on a g-factor or on a factor-analysis theory. Related to the problem of individual differences in terms of learning abilities, interests, adjustment, and pur poses, a general education curriculum usually provides also a guidance program to help students with their "learning and adjustment problems." An adequate general education program should also be based on certain socio-cujtural assumptions. This is especially the belief of the instrumentalists. No student Anne Anastasi, Psychological Testing (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1957;, P . 354. . 451 can tie separated from the sociological or cultural situa tion of his time. The program should also be appropriate for the student's future. General education is supposed to promote the welfare of society at large and of the stu dents themselves as individuals. There is a close relation ship between the progress of the students (and the increase of their number) and that of the socio-economic level of the community. As Havighurst expressed it uncommonly: But the number of college students had multiplied fourfold since 1915* while the number of horses had fallen away to one-tenth of the 1915~number. The same social forces which reduced the number of horses increased the number of college stu dents. Technological development reduced the need for brute power but demanded more trained power.33 According to Havighurst, there is a continuous increase in formal education for the following reasons: a. Education has been recognized as a responsi bility of the political community (the state). The state establishes some minimum general standards to be met, in spite of the diversi ties of cultural and religious faiths. b. Extension of education has always been wel comed by the people. This is a sign of an improving society. c . Expansion of education that has brought the opinion that general education must be available for all. d. More "brains" are needed [the point Havig hurst. makes above]. O O -'"'Robert J. Havighurst, "Social Foundations of Gen eral Education," General Education, loc. cit., p. 71.


Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is envisioned as an essential paradigm for realizing the sixth-generation networks, due to the use of low-cost reflecting elements for establishing programmable and favourable wireless environment. However, accurate channel estimation is a fundamental technical challenge for achieving large performance gains brought by RIS. To address this challenge, we first integrate a RIS with a small number of uniformly distributed active sensing devices, which are equipped with active radio frequency chains for acquiring partial channel state information (CSI). Then, by leveraging the rank-deficient structure of RIS channels, two practical residual neural networks, named single-scale enhanced deep residual (EDSR) and multi-scale enhanced deep residual (MDSR), are proposed to obtain accurate CSI, which can strike a balance between the system complexity and estimation performance. Simulation results reveal the cost-performance trade-off of the two proposed methods and unveil their superior performance compared with existing baseline schemes.


Nowadays there is an ever increasing interest towards the use of wireless LANs in industrial environments, mainly because they do not require cabling, feature good connectivity and performance, and can be operated on by control applications in a very similar way to conventional Ethernet. However, WLANs have several drawbacks when compared to wired networks, the most severe being caused by the random access mechanism that worsen their determinism noticeably. In this paper a thorough analysis is carried out about the statistical distribution of response times in a real 802.11 g network, which can be used to characterize this solution when used to support non-critical real-time traffic.


In the paper, the author analyzed the level of men's gymnastic development at present. The result showed the level of pommelled horse, rings and parallel bars were high, horizontal bar was low. In our country, special feature is the standard of men's gymnastic is strong in the South, and is weak in the North. The main purpose is to provide some counter measures in drawing up program and preparing for the 2008 Olympic Games.


Summary form only given. Trusted ILLIAC is a reliable and secure computing platform being built at the University of Illinois Coordinated Science Laboratory (CSL) and Information Trust Institute (ITI), involving faculty from Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science Departments. The end goal is a large, demonstrably trustworthy enterprise-class computing system to support, what is variously referred to as on-demand/utility computing or adaptive enterprise-computing Such systems require that a significant number of applications co-exist and share hardware/software resources using a variety of containment boundaries. Current solutions aim at providing hardware and software solutions that can only be described as one-size-fits-all approaches. Today's cyber-infrastructures are complex, expensive to implement, and nearly impossible to validate The challenge is to provide an application-specific level of reliability and security in a totally transparent manner, while delivering optimal performance. A promising approach lies in developing a new set of methods that provide customized levels of trust (specified by the application) enforced in hardware, using an integrated approach involving reprogrammable hardware, enhanced compiler methods to extract security and reliability properties;. Our approach is to demonstrate such a set of integrated techniques that span entire system hierarchy: processor hardware, operating system, and application. This talk will describe the current status, the prototype hardware and software and on-going plans. Trusted ILLIAC is based on research and support provided by, among others, The National Science Foundation, MARCO/GSRC (SRC and DARPA), IBM, HP, AT&T, AMD, Intel, Motorola, XILINX, and the State of Illinois.


Investment returns of European venture capital (VC) funds have consistently underperformed US VC funds. This has led to reduced allocations of funds raised for European venture from traditional institutional investors and consequently less finance available for investment into high-growth entrepreneurial companies in Europe. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that may give rise to a performance difference between European and US VC funds in the attempt to explain the reasons for the gap in performance. Potential factors are structural resulting from characteristics of the funds themselves, operational such as the investment practices of the VC firms which manage the funds and wider environmental such as culture and attitude to risk and the wider ecosystem in which the funds operate. The characteristics of the better performing funds in Europe and US are also investigated.
Previous studies offer incomplete explanations on the reasons for the difference in performance. Studies have focused on the UK in comparison to US and have not included continental European funds. There are no studies that have reviewed the entire investment process from sourcing deals to exiting deals, specifically contrasting Europe and the US in the context of the variables pertaining to the investment process and the impact on the fund performance gap. Previous studies have been largely quantitative in approach and influences that cannot be quantified, such as the cultural dimension, are therefore not captured in the analyses.
The study engages a critical realist philosophy and embraces an engaged scholarship, qualitative approach with some 64 semi-structured interviews with separate VC firms in UK, continental Europe and USA and 40 interviews with other stakeholders from those geographies who are related to the VC industry, including limited partner investors, entrepreneurs and advisors. Key findings of the research are that US VC firms have proportionately more partners with operational and entrepreneurial backgrounds than do European firms, they use a theme approach to identify future areas for investment, pursue a "home run" investment strategy, do most of their due diligence in house, have entrepreneurially friendly terms in their term sheets and are more proactive in achieving optimal exits for their investments than European VCs. The research has had impact in that the findings have been shared and discussed with the UK professional VC association.


Provided is an aqueous dispersion of a coating material, which contains, in terms of solid content, 20-80 wt.%, and preferably 29-70 wt.%, of PTFE, 10-50 wt.%, and preferably 14-36 wt.%, of an acrylic resin, and 10-50 wt.%, and preferably 20-45 wt.%, of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. When used as a surface treatment agent for a rubber sealing material or the like, this aqueous dispersion of a coating material exhibits reduced adhesion to a sealing mating material, suppresses blooming from a rubber material surface, and along with flexibility, achieves excellent adhesive balance between a rubber material and a coating material.


Abstract Residual surface stresses on rolled sheets of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) and low-carbon steels have been investigated by an x-ray technique to show the effect on corrosion potential (Ecorr). Graphic representation of the stresses on the surface of the steels has been obtained. The results show that highly asymmetric distributions resulting from the presence of highly stressed areas cause a less noble behavior. Treatments able to affect the presence of these areas accordingly change the values of Ecorr. This has been shown by performing electrochemical coupling tests and stress measurements on mechanically (by tensile test) and chemically (by phosphating) treated samples.


In the IoT world, establishing a strong mobile network architecture will be critical for organizations to bring together people, processes, data and things. Among the various available protocols and standards to network IoT entities, the Message Queue Telemetric Transport (MQTT) is already a reference solution. It provides a publish/subscribe messaging transport specifically designed to be used in devices with limited resources over constrained networks. MQTT's main limitation is its low resilience with respect to device mobility, so that the connections could suffer frequent and long lasting disruptions or high bit error rates that severely degrade normal communications. In this work we propose an architecture to increase the robustness of MQTT by integrating a Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) approach. The architecture has been evaluated through several experiments using real devices to validate its feasibility, and to derive some guidelines for its use.


The performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) depends on the properties and interactions of three fundamental components: the semiconductor, chromophore, and electrolyte. For the electrolyt...


Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the aqueous alcoholic extracts of Abutilon indicum aerial parts against Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: Agar well diffusion assay, as well as microbroth dilution assays, were used for determination of antibacterial activity. The assay was done in triplicate, and chlorhexidine 0.2% was used as the control. Results: Different concentrations (200, 400, and 800 mg/mL) of the ethyl acetate extract of A. indicum aerial parts showed dose-dependant antibacterial activity. The maximum zone of inhibition was 30 mm at the maximum concentration used (800 mg/mL), and the minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentration was found to be 200 mg/mL. Conclusion: This study suggests that the aqueous alcoholic extract of A. indicum aerial parts contains promising antibacterial substances which are having activity against E. faecalis. E. faecalis being one of the major threats for root canal failure during endodontic treatment; plants with antibacterial activity against E. faecalis will be promising.


The design problems arising in multi-purpose optimization of systems with weakly bound arguments were analyzed. A classification of constraints on optimization arguments was done. The concept of "global connectivity" as interparametric limitation affecting virtually all the design and consumer properties of the system was introduced. Method of the global connectivity system optimization was developed on example of electrical equipment, which test provided a positive technical effect


In recent years, mobile audio industry has undergone rapid development and the competition among platforms within the industry has become more and more fierce. Policy changes, technological developments, constant changes in users' demand and capital flows make entities in the mobile audio industry always in a dynamic and changing competitive environment. In a dynamic competitive environment, any competitive advantage is temporary. If a mobile audio platform wants to maintain a lasting competitive advantage in the game with its competitors, it is necessary to fully understand the interlaced and interactive relation existing among the platform itself, competitor and environment and further formulate applicable competitive strategies. Keywords—mobile audio; dynamic competition; competitive advantage; competitive strategy


The methods of literature consultation, observation interview, questionnaire, logic speculation and statistics were adopted in the paper. The author analyzes the present situation of traditional school athletic teams of basketball in Hunan province it was found that the main factors limiting the improvement of the basketball completive level of Hunan province were shown in the footway the talent system was met perfect, the understanding was not adequate, the contradiction between training and study was previous, the completive lever was not high, the manpower training and network conducting were not perfect.


127 Copyright c 2014 The Korean Fracture Society. All rights reserved. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received June 7, 2013 Revised September 5, 2013 Accepted January 18, 2014 Address reprint requests to: Yong Girl Rhee, M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-872, Korea Tel: 82-2-958-8360ᆞFax: 82-2-964-3865 E-mail: email@example.com


O NE of the chief preoccupations of a curator in a Museum is to determine the authenticity of the objects in his department. Often a forgery is easily detected, belonging to a recognizable type. At other times, as we all know, the dividing line between an ancient original and a modern imitation is difficult to draw, and only long study and new evidence can bring conviction. The following story about an object, considered at various times genuine and spurious, is, we think, worth recording, for it illustrates the many factors that enter into such discussions-stylistic, physical, and comparative. In 1922 the Metropolitan Museum bought a Greek mirror (pl. XLII, A, B) at the auction sale of the Chmielowski Collection in New York.2 It was said to have been found at Olbia, in a grave, near the skeleton of a woman, and is of an unusual type, consisting of (1) a bronze disk with a loop or eye at the back (pl. XLIv, A, B), (2) a silver-gilt openwork frame with flange (pls. XLII, A and XLIII, B) and (3) a domed wooden back with punched circles on its face and with a wooden disk and bronze loop at the back (pls. XLIV, C, D, XLII, B).3 The design on the frame is composed of floral elements and birds -in four units combined into a rich and harmonious pattern and bordered by beading and bead-and-reel. After acquisition the mirror was cleaned by Tiffany and Co., chemically examined,4 and published in the Museum Bulletin.' In 1931 a distinguished European archaeologist on a visit to New York questioned the authenticity of the openwork frame, though not of the disk or the wooden back, which are obviously ancient. His doubts arose from the following observations: (a) the wood does not bear marks corresponding to the openwork pattern of the frame, but has a pattern of circles which has no relation to the frame; (b) the flange of the


This paper describes a document entry system called the Document Recognition System (DRS), which facilitates the conversion of printed documents into electronic form. DRS was developed on a personal computer (PC) with an adapter card for recognizing more than 3000 Kanji characters. It provides a flexible framework for object-oriented management of data and processing modules. The framework allows the user to change the combination of processing modules and to select pipelining (parallel processing) or sequential processing. DRS includes processing modules for layout analysis functions such as blob detection, block segmentation, and model matching, and for character recognition functions such as Kanji character recognition, Japanese postprocessing, postprocessing by a user, and error correction through a user interface. The character recognition functions on the card and the other processing-related recognition functions on the PC work cooperatively in the proposed framework. Within the basic framework, we have customized DRS for practical applications. Examples of successful applications-entry into a text database, creation of an electronic catalog, entry of family registration data, and entry of tag data in a manufacturing process-provide evidence of the processing accuracy and robustness of the framework.


Major cloud providers increasingly roll out their serverless workflow services to orchestrate serverless functions, making it possible to construct complex applications effectively. A comprehensive study is necessary to help developers understand the pros and cons, and make better choices among these serverless workflow services. However, the characteristics of these serverless workflow services have not been systematically analyzed. To fill the knowledge gap, we conduct a comprehensive measurement study on four mainstream serverless workflow services, focusing on both features and the performance. First, we review their official documentation and extract their features from six dimensions, including programming model, state management, etc. Then, we compare their performance (i.e., the execution time of functions, execution time of workflows, orchestration overhead time of workflows) under various settings considering activity complexity and data-flow complexity of workflows, as well as function complexity of serverless functions. Our findings and implications could help developers and cloud providers improve their development efficiency and user experience.


Abstract Background Children born to women who experience infection during pregnancy have an increased risk of brain disorders with neurodevelopmental origins, including both schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Rodent models of maternal immune activation (MIA) have identified the maternal immune response as the critical link between maternal infection and aberrant brain and behavior development in offspring. The nonhuman primate MIA model provides an opportunity to maximize the translational utility of this model in a species more closely related to humans. Our previous pilot study found that rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) born to MIA-treated dams developed behavioral abnormalities and increased striatal dopamine during adolescence. Here we present emerging behavioral outcomes from a larger cohort of MIA-treated nonhuman primates. Methods A modified form of the viral mimic, Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PolyIC), was delivered to a new cohort of pregnant rhesus monkeys (N=14) in the late first trimester (gestational days 43, 44, 46) to stimulate a maternal immune response. Control dams received saline injections at the same gestational time points (N=10) or were untreated (N=4). The offspring are undergoing ongoing comprehensive behavioral evaluations paired with longitudinal neuroimaging to quantify the emergence of brain and behavior pathology associated with prenatal maternal immune challenge. Results MIA-treated dams exhibited a strong immune response as indexed by transient increases in sickness behavior, temperature and inflammatory cytokines. Although MIA offspring developed species-typical milestones and showed no overt signs of atypical interactions with mothers or peers early in development, they had significantly smaller gray matter volume in the prefrontal and frontal cortices than control offspring at 6, 12 and 24 months of age (p < 0.05). At 24 months of age, the animals were tested in a reversal learning paradigm that requires a subject to flexibly adjust its behavior when the reward-related contingencies that it has previously learned are reversed. All animals advanced and performed similarly on the training and initial discrimination phases of the test. However, on the first day of the initial reward reversal, the MIA-treated animals more frequently failed to make a choice as compared to controls (Wilcoxon two-sample test p-value = .005). These emerging data suggest that MIA-treated animals exhibit subtle impairments in cognitive processing. Additional assessments social and cognitive development, including non-invasive eye tracking data, will be presented to further explore the impact of MIA on primate behavioral development. Discussion These findings provide new insights into the emergence of brain pathology in MIA-exposed primates and have implications for the developmental pathophysiology of human psychiatric disorders associated with maternal gestational infection.


Objective To understand the requirements of artificial trachea patients so as to better nursing practice.Methods Questionnaire was self designed to investigate the requirements of artificial trachea patients.Res ults In making artificial trachea,60.0%patients mainly required the pain at the incision be relieved.Psychologically,the requirements for talking and homesickness were stronger,accounting for62.4%respectively.Socially,the requirement was worries about their jobs.Conclus ion With the varied requirement of patients,multilevel and fullscale nursing is key in the nursing care.


In this article a critical analysis of the philosophical foundations of the call constructivism is made, its implications in the teaching in general and in the teaching of the science in particular. This critic is based on the own formulations made by the creators of this ideology and for the positions of some of its followers. The emphasis puts on in the conception of the constructivism about the objective reality and the supposed impossibility of knowing the truth.


Media of Exchange and Liquid Assets of Political and Market Enterprises : A New Monetary Perspective on Medieval French Monetary Mutations


Introduction. A three-dimensional dry friction model in the interaction of a rectangular body and a horizontal rough surface is considered. It is assumed that there is no separation of the body from the horizontal surface. The body motion occurs under the conditions of combined dynamics when, in addition to the longitudinal movement, the body participates in twisting.Materials and Methods. Linear fractional Pade approximations are proposed, which replaced the cumbersome analytical expressions that most accurately describe the motion of bodies on rough surfaces. New mathematical models describing sliding and twisting of bodies with a rectangular base are proposed.Results. Analytical expressions of the principal vector and moment of friction for rectangular contact areas are developed and scientifically established. A friction model that takes into account the relationship between sliding and twisting speeds, which provides finding solutions for Pade dependences, is developed. After numerical solution to the equations of motion, the dependences of the sliding speed and angular velocity on time were obtained and constructed. Graphs of the dependences of the friction forces and their moment on two parameters (angular velocity and slip velocity) were constructed, which enabled to compare the integral and normalized models of friction. The comparison results showed good agreement of the integral model and the model based on Pade approximations.Discussion and Conclusions. The results obtained provide considering the dynamic coupling of components, which determines the force interaction of a rectangular body and a horizontal surface. These results can be used in mobile robotics. The analyzed motion of the body occurs through the motion control of a material point inside the body. Such mobile robots can be used when solving a wide class of problems: when creating autonomous robots for the exploration of outer space and planets; in the diagnosis and treatment in case of passing through complex structures of veins and arteries; in research under water, in places of large differential temperature; in underground operations.


Reducing leukocyte (WBC) contamination of platelet (PLT) concentrates diminishes some adverse effects associated with transfusions. To provide WBC‐reduced PLTs, we initiated a program using bedside filtration. However, the inability to easily quantitate WBC removal and PLT loss at the bedside prompted us to perform filtration in the blood bank. To establish optimal methods, production of WBC‐reduced PLTs using the CS‐3000 PLUS was studied in three phases, during which technical modifications were made. During phase 1, prestorage WBC reduction was performed using the PALL LRF‐10H filter, sterilely connected. WBC reduction was satisfactory, but PLT loss was excessive. During phase 2, the PLT‐30 collection chamber and Fenwal Closed System Apheresis Kit with Integral Sepacell Leukocyte Reduction Filter were used. PLT yields were improved, but now WBC contamination was excessive. During phase 3, the interface offset was reduced from 10 to 6, and both PLT yields and WBC reduction were satisfactory. Using this final method (CS‐3000 PLUS, PLT‐30 collection chamber, integral filter and offset setting of 6), the mean PLT yield per unit is 4.29 × 1011 (N = 1,146), and the mean WBC contamination is 0.50 × 106 (N = 32). © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract 461 Background: The use of IFN-α in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) has been hampered by poor tolerance and inconvenient dosing schedules. The covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol to IFN-α renders a molecule with prolonged serum half-life, which can be administered weekly. Objectives: We conducted a phase II study of subcutaneous PEG-IFN-α-2a (Pegasys) in 84 patients (pts) with high-risk PV (n=44) or ET (n=40). We performed high throughput mutational analysis of JAK2, MPL, TET2, and ASXL1 in all pts. Patients and Therapy: Median age was 51 years (range, 18–79), time from diagnosis to PEG-IFN-α-2a 51 months (range, 0–355), and number of prior therapies was 1 (range, 0–6), including hydroxyurea (HU; n=47), anagrelide (AG; n=26), IFN-α (n=12: 5 oral and 7 sc), imatinib (n=7), and dasatinib (n=1). PEG-IFN-α-2a was initial therapy in 16 (19%) pts (7 PV) that refused HU. JAK2V617F was detected in 19/40 (48%) ET and in 42/44 (95%) PV pts. Nine (11%) pts had abnormal cytogenetics. Initial PEG-IFN-α-2a starting dose was 450 mcg/wk, but that was modified to the current starting dose of 90 mcg/wk. Results: After a median follow-up of 40 months (range, 8–62), 66/83 (80%) assessable pts have responded. Median time to response was 4 weeks (range, 0.5–26). Complete response (CR) was achieved by 62 (75%) pts (for ET: platelets JAK2V617F to total JAK2 ratio was determined by quantitative pyrosequencing assay in all 84 pts prior to PEG-IFN-α-2a. Sixty-one (73%) pts carried the JAK2V617F mutation, which was quantitated at least once on therapy in 54 (64%). Overall, 29 (54%) had >20% reduction in JAK2V617F allele burden, including 10 (19%) in whom the mutation became undetectable (complete molecular response [CMR]) and 15 (28%) who had a >50% reduction (partial molecular response). Molecular responses have not yet reached a plateau among pts with PV. We also analyzed pts for mutations in exon 12 of JAK2, MPL, and the tumor suppressors TET2 and ASXL1 to determine their impact on response to PEG-IFN-α-2a. No pts carried JAK2 exon 12 mutations. One JAK2V617F−negative pt with ET had a MPLW515L mutation, achieved CHR but did not achieve a molecular response. Full length resequencing of all exons of TET2 and ASXL1 genes identified somatic TET2 mutations in 9/71 (13%) and somatic ASXL1 mutations in 3/71 (4%) pts; we identified TET2 (3 JAK2V617F− ET, 2 JAK2V617F+ ET, 3 JAK2V617F+ PV, 1 JAK2V617F− PV) and ASXL1 (1 pt with ET JAK2V617F+, ET JAK2V617F−, and PV JAK2V617F+) mutations in PV and ET pts who were JAK2V617F–positive and negative. TET2 or ASXL1 mutational status did not impact the likelihood of achievement of JAK2 molecular responses, and there was no difference in JAK2V617F allele burden with PEG-IFN-α-2a according to TET2 or ASXL1 mutational status. One pt with baseline mutations in JAK2, TET2, and ASXL1 became JAK2V617F–negative on PEG-IFN-α-2a. Most pts had grade 1–2 toxicities but at doses ≤90 mcg/wk, grade 3–4 toxicity was infrequent. Twenty-five (30%) patients were taken off study after a median of 9 months (range, 3–36) but only 13 (15%) of them due to therapy-related toxicity: g3 neutropenia, anorexia, depression (n=3), ischemic retinopathy, g2 fatigue (n=5), dyspnea, g2 neuropathy. The remaining 59 pts are currently receiving 450 mcg/wk (n=1), 360 mcg/wk (n=1), 240 mcg/wk (n=1), 180 mcg/wk (n=2), 135 mcg/wk (n=3), 90 mcg every 1 (n=8), 2 (n=12), 3 (n=2), or 4 wks (n=1), 45 mcg every 1 (n=9), 2 (n=5), 3 (n=6), or 4 wks (n=8). Conclusion: PEG-IFN-α-2a is remarkably active and acceptably safe in advanced, previously treated PV and ET. Clinical responses are frequently accompanied by significant reduction of JAK2V617F allele burden, which becomes undetectable in a proportion of them suggesting selective targeting of the JAK2V617F clones. Quantitative analysis of ASXL1 and TET2 mutational allele burden during PEG-IFN-α-2a therapy to determine clonal evolution, and methylcellulose-based clonogenic assays in pts who achieved CMR to assess for the presence of erythropoietin independent colony formation are ongoing and will be presented. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


To detect abnormal breathing in a patient, it is necessary to take an image of the patient's chest and abdomen and analyze their movement. The ultimate goal of this study is to develop a system that determines the triage level by measuring the 3D deformation of the patient's abdomen and chest in real time and analyzing the results. This time, considering that there is little texture information in the abdomen and chest, we focused on Moire analysis that is effective for 3D measurement in such cases. In this research, dynamic 3D measurement using image sequences is necessary. Therefore, the sampling Moire method, which is often used in recent years because of high calculation efficiency, was adopted. In the Moire analysis, it is necessary to determine the absolute fringe order of the Moire fringes by another method. In static measurement, the distance to the reference fringe can be measured in advance, but it is difficult in dynamic measurement. Therefore, we propose a method of projecting spot light together with slit light for Moire analysis and using the dynamic stereo method together. It can be adaptively adjusted for each frame so that the spot light irradiation position on the object is on the reference stripe. The depth distance to that position can be calculated using the dynamic stereo method, so 3D measurements can be performed independently for each frame. The effectiveness and accuracy of this method were confirmed through experiments on real image sequences.


: Shape analyses and similarity measuring is a very often solved problem in computer graphics. The shape distribution approach based on shape functions is frequently used for this determination. The experience from a comparison of ball-bar standard triangular meshes was used to match hip bones triangular meshes. The aim is to find relation between similarity measures obtained by shape distributions approach.


Steriade (2012) proposed intervals as a more appropriate syllable weight domain than rhymes. This study explores how interval weight cashes out as duration across word positions and compares this to a rhyme-based account. The data reported on in Lunden (2013), from native speakers of Norwegian (a language in which (C)VC syllables are heavy only non-finally) is reanalyzed with intervals. Lunden found that syllable rhymes in all three positions, if taken as a percentage of the average V rhyme in that word position, fell into a coherent pattern for weight. It is shown that interval durations allow for a similar, albeit less robust, pattern. The data from Lunden's (2013) perception experiment that tested the correlation between increased vowel duration and listeners' classification of syllable weight is also recast with interval durations, and the importance of the proportional increase over the raw increase, originally found for the rhyme data, is found to hold for the interval data. Thus, taking intervals as the weight domain is shown to result in reasonable durational relations between interval weights, although interval durations show less separation between some light and heavy units than the rhyme durations do.


A technique is proposed for measuring parity nonconservation with ultra-relativistic hydrogenic ions in a storage ring. The sensitivity of such measurements could be sufficient for probing physics beyond the standard model.


The Russian Federation is a multi-ethnic nation. Like other countries in the world, the Russian Federation is also facing enormous security challenges in which the non-traditional security challenge in ethnic minority regions is an issue that attracts research attention from various aspects. The resolutions of the Russian Federation for these challenges can be a valuable experience for other countries, including Vietnam. In this article, the author identifies the fundamentals of the non-traditional security challenges of the Russian Federation, analyzes the achievements of coping with the negative impacts of nontraditional security factors of the Russian Federation and draws out important lessons.


The Europeanisation of cities is seen as an important condition for the latter's successful contribution to the development of an EU urban policy. To assess the probability of this event our paper investigates the Europeanisation of the members of the EUROCITIES network, the most important trans-European city network. Using survey data gathered from 48 member cities, the study maps different elements of the cities' Europeanisation trajectory, looks for underlying patterns and figures out how EUROCITIES membership relates to this process of urban Europeanisation. The explorative analysis results in a diverse and multi-layered picture. EUROCITIES members vary strongly with regard to their internal Europeanisation process. Whilst generally not scoring very high on minimal steps such as interest in and knowledge of EU affairs, cities are more actively involved in obtaining EU funding, networking and lobbying the EU. Furthermore, urban Europeanisation seems to work as a functional toolbox rather than a linear, cumulative process. The Europeanisation patterns that are found, for instance, include interest and knowledge as general preconditions of urban Europeanisation, a logic of networking that involves exchange schemes with other cities and EU institutions, as well as lobbying and to a lesser extent the establishment of an EU department which are connected to different other elements of urban Europeanisation. Finally, the involvement in EUROCITIES positively correlates with some of the most rewarding manifestations of the mobilisation of cities on the European scene such as inter-city policy exchange, obtaining EU funding and lobbying the EU institutions.


A non experimental, survey research design study was undertaken to assess the computer related ergonomic practices and computer related health problems, among the final year postgraduate nursing students in selected colleges of nursing. The main objective is to findout the computer related health problem and to find out the association between computer related ergonomic practices and computer related health problems. The theoretical framework of the study is based on health belief model. Total 60 final year post graduate nursing student was selected by convenient sampling technique. The finding of the study revealed that 31.67% of the student had good computer related ergonomic practice and 65% of the student had moderate musculoskeletal problem 61.6% had eye problem and 96.67% had mild skin problem. Statistically significant associations were found between computer related health problem and type of computer device at 0.05 level of significance.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of conventional self-cured glass ionomer cement, silver glass ionomer cement and light-cured glass ionomer cement as retrofilling materials. Micro-leakage was assessed by introducing the samples into a 1 per cent solution of methylene blue for eight days at a constant temperature of 37 degrees C. Dye penetration was greater when silver glass ionomer cement was used in comparison to the other two materials tested; the difference was statistically significant. Conversely, the sealing ability of light-cured glass ionomer cement was significantly higher than that of conventional glass ionomer cement. The condition of the dentine-filling material interface and the marginal adaptation of the glass ionomer cements under study were assessed using scanning electron microscopy.


Rotman lens is a prospective device for real-time microwave/millimeter-wave imaging by virtue of its parallel multibeam functionality. For imaging purposes, a Rotman lens intrinsically requires that the scattered waves arriving at the array be plane waves. However, this requirement cannot be met in near-field imaging applications, as the scattered waves from targets in the near field defocus at the beam ports of the lens because of the nonplane wave scattering. As a result, out-of-focus blurs appear in the near-field images, thus leading to degradation of picture quality. To address this problem, we propose a localized angle-time spread function (ATSF)-based filtering method to reduce out-of-focus blurs. With the proposed method, the deblurring process becomes simple for a Rotman lens. Both simulations and experiments were performed. The results show that the proposed method significantly improves the quality of near-field images with enhanced resolutions in both angular and radial directions.


This study investigates the validity of using stated preference (SP) estimates to predict policy effects on plastic bag consumption. Before implementation of a plastic bag regulation, when bags were still free of charge, we utilized an SP survey to elicit consumers' contingent bag consumption in certain possible pricing scenarios. Following implementation of the regulation mandating charging for bags, we conducted another survey to collect actual consumption information. We thus have unique data to compare stated and revealed consumption. The comparison results show that consumers' behavioral reactions to a policy change can be predicted reasonably well with SP techniques.


The Book of Job,an important chapter of The Old Testament,shows righteous Job's innocent suffering story and the significance of human suffering.The Brothers Karamazov,the tragic story of a coincidental family,reflects the writer's understanding of the Christian and the Russian's suffering consciousness.The story was filled with philosophical speculation of existence.From the Christian cultural heritage point of view,The Brothers Karamazov by Dostoevsky seems to be an extension of The Book of Job's theme of the innocent suffering in Russia and from the religious philosophical level,it questions the existence of God and the unique significance of the Russian people's suffering.This thesis,from three perspectives:being thrown and the conversion,the diaphragm and love,freedom and faith,analyzes the existence of consciousness of The Book of Job and The Brothers Karamazov to reveal Dostoevsky's tragic philosophy connotation in the works.


The objective of this study was to determine the cariogenicity of 3 foods similar in texture, but varying in their sucrose concentration. The foods were evaluated in rats in which essential dietary nutrients were administered by gastric intubation. A modified Scow diet was used for the intubation procedure, administered twice daily over a 21-day experimental period. The test foods (Kellogg's Corn Flakes, Kellogg's Frosted Flakes, and Kroger' s Vanilla Wafers), each were provided ad libitum to 3 groups containing 20 weanling Wistar (Harlan) rats each. The evaluation of sulcal caries was performed according to the methods of Keyes. The vanilla wafers group containing 45% sucrose had significantly fewer carious lesions (9.4 +_ 1.4) than did the presweetened corr,, flakes group (14.3 +_ 1.0) containing 35% sucrose (p 0.05). With regard to growth, the vanilla wafers group had a significantly higher weight gain than did the other 2 groups during the experimental period.


The Mediterranean region is an area where prediction at different timescales (subseasonal to decadal or even longer) is challenging. In order to help constrain future projections, the study of past climate is crucial. By improving our knowledge about the past and current climate, our confidence in understanding the future climate will be improved. In this Special Issue, information about long-term climate variability in the Mediterranean region is assessed, including in particular historical climatology and model applications to assess past climate variability, present climate evolution, and future climate projections. The seven articles included in this Special Issue explore observations, proxies, re-analyses, and models for assessing the main characteristics, processes, and variability of the Mediterranean climate. The temporal range of these articles not only covers a wide period going from the present day to as far back as 25 centuries into the past but also covers projections of future climate over the next century.


Usefulness of a bipolar pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) for DC-AC power converters with transformers are shown. The signal spectrum analyzing on the basis a double Fourier series are proposed. A separation of the bipolar PFM signal on two unipolar signals is developed. A time transform for the dependency of the bipolar PFM and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) is proposed. The effectiveness of the bipolar PFM spectrum is analyzed.


The goal of this project is to use projection augmented reality to add design studio learning models to a classroom for an introductory Media Computation computer science class. Students do classwork using an enhanced version of Pythy, a web IDE for Python and Jython, that captures students' work and displays it around the room. We leverage the Microsoft RoomAlive Toolkit to construct a room-scale augmented reality using pairs of projectors and depth cameras. The system "pins" students' work to the walls, where teachers and students can see and discuss the work. We hope that by seeing each other's work, the system will foster collaboration and support the creation of STEM learning experiences that encourage creativity, innovation, and help build strong peer learning environments.


Hate Speech and Offensive Content detection in social media has been an active field of research for the last couple of years. For the majority of the world consisting of non-native English speakers, most of the time unofficial messages are written in code-mixed language in a combination of words in a native language with English text. The current study focuses on using Machine and Deep learning techniques for detection of Hate Speech and Offensive content in a Malayalam and Tamil code-mixed text collected from social media. The study showed that Deep learning models perform better than the machine learning models, specifically the implementation of BERT based transfer learning models performed best.


Systematic perturbation methods are used to derive formulas for the Landau damping rates of electron-plasma and ion-acoustic waves. These formulas are more accurate than the standard formulas found in textbooks.


Abstract Despite extensive stigma mitigation efforts, infectious disease stigma remains common. So far, little attention has been paid to the moral psychology of stigmatizing practices (i.e. beliefs, attitudes, actions) rather than the experience of being stigmatized. Addressing the moral psychology behind stigmatizing practices seems necessary to explain the persistence of infectious disease stigma and to develop effective mitigation strategies. Our article proposes building on Jonathan Haidt's moral foundations theory, which states that moral judgements follow from intuitions rather than conscious reasoning. Conceptual analysis was conducted to show how Haidt's five moral foundations can be connected to (i) moral judgements about stigmatizing practices and (ii) stigmatizing practices themselves. We found that care/harm, fairness/cheating, loyalty/betrayal and sanctity/degradation intuitions can inform moral judgements about stigmatizing practices. Loyalty/betrayal and sanctity/degradation intuitions can sometimes also feed stigmatizing practices. Authority/subversion intuitions can inform moral judgements and stigmatizing practices towards people who disrespect authoritative rules meant to protect public health. Moral dumbfounding and posthoc reasoning might explain the persistence of stigmatizing practices. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the relevance of Haidt's approach to infectious disease stigma research and mitigation strategies. We hope that this study motivates researchers to further test and assess this approach.


This project details the implementation and calibration of a solar simulator using for this purpose the optical illusion of a projector slides and other recycled and reused materials easily accessible.
Studies conducted before and during the construction of the simulator and recycled nature of the materials used, led to a comprehensive and sustained effort at the stage of testing and calibration to conclude a definitive simulator, to more than one continuous reengineering designs Original resulting from theoretical study.
Based on the new constructive considerations, the redesign of installed optical model was performed in order to comply with the limits for achieving acceptable ranges of similarity between simulated solar spectra versus the actual spectra taken in the city of Quito-Ecuador, over the provisions of ASTM International standards to determine the PV performance.
With the implementation and calibration of solar simulator, essential tests were performed to verify its performance against the impact on photovoltaic cells, thus achieving express the performance of the latter in terms of current - voltage with a fully simulated solar spectrum.
With this, the quality of the simulated spectrum and its application in photovoltaic cells are secured, providing the ability to run continuous tests applied to development projects in the study of photocells, turn promoting the reuse of discarded material in convenience and in major impact on the development of new and innovative initiatives for our society.


This article analyzes and rationalizes the capabilities of inversion-based test points (TPs) when implemented in lieu of control-0/1 TPs. With upward scaling of transistor density, delay faults can be masked when using pseudo-random tests with control-0/1 ("conventional") TP architectures. This study finds delay fault coverage can be improved using inversion TPs in logic circuits using pseudo-random tests without negatively impacting stuck-at fault coverage.


Foreword by Maurice Friedman Acknowledgments Preface Introduction: Buber's Hasidic Spirituality Part I. Preliminary Practices Chapter 1: Heart-Searching Chapter 2: Your Particular Way Chapter 3: Resolution Part II. Practicing Presentness Chapter 4: Beginning With Yourself Chapter 5: Turning Toward Others Chapter 6: Here Where You Stand Conclusion: Practicing Buber's Secret Appendix: Dialogue Journal Glossary of Key Terms Notes Index


Dietary nutrients may serve as antioxidants, co-enzymes in energy production and metabolic processes, and components of tissue structures that keep the body's systems functioning properly and maintain good overall health, including oral health. Nutrients that are thought to be especially important for maintaining the periodontium have been the focus of epidemiological studies for many years. However, such research has not consistently found significant associations between periodontal disease incidence or prevalence and the intake levels of these and other nutrients. To date, there is insufficient evidence that current dietary intake recommendations and guidelines need to be changed in order to promote optimal periodontal health. It is important to consider the range of nutrient intakes or biomarkers in any given study population and how they relate to recommended levels when evaluating the evidence. This information is often lacking in studies of nutritional associations in periodontal research. A number of methodological issues may arise in terms of study design, data collection and analysis of dietary data, and these may affect the interpretation of epidemiological study results and the ability to draw inferences and reach conclusions about appropriate dietary recommendations. These issues are critically reviewed.


Some management concepts come and go, some become classics. Management Fashion Theory provides insights of how management fashions can be distinguished and recognized. This article illustrates the characteristic features of the theory using the example of the concept of "New Work".


The influence of the trapped air on the water impact is studied when the heeled body enters into the water surface. The water surface and the body surface are modeled by a subsequence of circular hollows and the triangular prism, respectively. It is seen from numerical simulation that the peak value of the trapped air pressure becomes larger and the duration of the pressure becomes shorter as the heel angle increases, and that the impact force becomes larger as the wave height of the water surface decreases. Some numerical results demonstrate that the effect of the trapped air on the impact force of the model scale is larger than that of the full scale. It is understood that the averaged pressure decreases due to the three dimensional effect of the water surface, irrespective of the trapped air.


We show that if the triple line around a three-dimensional double bubble or lens bubble is decorated with another bubble or with a Plateau border, then the film prolongations into the decoration no longer meet at 2pi/3. These deviations can be accounted for in terms of a line tension that equals half the excess surface energy associated with the decoration.


Abstract In North America, spinal injuries from blunt trauma occur with an incidence rate of approximately 6%. The vast majority of spinal column injuries occur at the thoracolumbar spine, predominantly at the thoracolumbar junction (T10–L2). The conventional surgical treatment for thoracolumbar fractures involves open exposure with placement of instrumentation with fusion. These conventional surgeries in trauma patients, however, have significantly higher infections rates and higher blood loss when compared to open spinal surgeries in non-trauma patients. Because of these complications, minimally invasive spinal surgery (MISS) techniques have been advanced as a viable alternative to the conventional open spinal surgeries. The goals of both approaches (open and MISS) are to stabilize the spine in order to prevent posttraumatic deformity and to prevent development of neurologic deficits. MISS techniques can achieve these goals while avoiding the increased complications associated with traditional open surgeries. Furthermore, MISS techniques may be an excellent solution in the polytrauma patients, providing "damage-control spinal stabilization."


THEOREM ([8], see also [1], [3], and [6]). If X has no local separating points and dim X 2 3, then for any self-map f of X we have N(f) = M(f). Here by a local separating point we mean a point x E X at which H1(X, X x) ? 0, or, equivalently, at which there is a connected neighborhood U such that U x is not connected. For any triangulation K of X, X has no local separating points iff every maximal simplex of K is of dimension >2 and for every vertex v of K the boundary of stK v is connected. The purpose of this paper is to improve the above theorem.


Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica L.) is a troublesome winter annual grass weed in the winter wheat-fallow production areas of western Nebraska. It was introduced from Russia into Kansas in contaminated winter wheat seed in the late 1880s. It first appeared in Nebraska in 1958 in Perkins County. Custom combines and grain trucks likely brought it to southwest Nebraska and the Panhandle. In the nine major wheat producing counties of western Nebraska between 1990 and 1992, nearly 1,300 grain samples were collected from trucks delivering newly harvested wheat to grain elevators. Of the samples, 25 percent contained jointed goatgrass spikelets (joints), each spikelet containing one to four seeds. In Kimball, Cheyenne, Deuel, Keith, and Perkins counties more than 40 percent of the samples contained jointed goatgrass spikelets. Jointed goatgrass and wheat are genetically related, having the D genome in common. This makes it difficult to distinguish jointed goatgrass in wheat during the early vegetative growth stages. It also makes selective control with herbicides difficult. Jointed goatgrass and wheat occasionally cross to produce a hybrid that is intermediate in form (Figure 1). Hybrid seeds almost always are sterile; however, there are rare cases where fertile seeds are produced. Jointed goatgrass may be distinguished from winter wheat by occasional hairs extending from the margin of the leaf blade, particularly near the collar or stem (Figure 2). To confidently distinguish between vegetative jointed goatgrass and wheat, dig up a seedling and look for a spikelet attached to the root (Figure 3). After heading, jointed goatgrass easily is identified. The spike (seed head) is a narrow cylinder composed of spikelets that contain two to four flowers. The glumes on the uppermost spikelets are long-awned. Each spikelet contains an average of two seeds (Figure 4). During combine harvesting, spikelets shatter and contaminate harvested winter wheat grain (Figure 5), which then may be discounted. Discounts average 3 to 6 cents per bushel, but can be as high as $1 per bushel. Some elevators will not buy wheat heavily infested with jointed goatgrass spikelets. Spikelets not removed by grain cleaning are considered foreign matter and can reduce grain grade and/or test weight.


In this letter, we have presented a design of on-chip millimeter-wave 3-dB quadrature coupler that utilizes the coupled slow wave coplanar waveguide. The designed CMOS coupler covers the whole <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$W$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band and occupies a silicon area of only 0.0115 mm2, which is significantly smaller compared to the conventional microstrip-line-based Lange couplers. Measurement of the quadrature coupler shows a −3.5 dB through and a −4.4-dB coupling at 90 GHz. A less than ±1-dB amplitude and a ±4° phase errors from 55 to 110 GHz are recorded.


The image of Basaltic underlying target zone are increasingly emphasized in petroleum industry. Basalt is developed in the north of Jingling Depression and covered over the target zone of exploration, thus unclear image is caused, and the progress of exploration is constrained. Starting from the analysis of physical model simulation, the necessity of wide angle-converted wave exploration is described in the area, and the wide angle parameters are calculated. The method for data process for the wide angle and converted wave is introduced. The process of test lines 2003-375.5 and 2003-608 in Jiangling area demonstrates that the problem of basaltic underlying imaging can be solved by the exploration of wide angle and converted wave. The orientation for further exploration is pointed out.


Taking its point of departure in a shopping centre called Torget and a Pentecostal church called Betel, this article looks at how youths use places in their identity work. Using concepts like doing gender and gender play, we look at how youths negotiate what is seen as appropriate femininities and masculinities and thus co-produce the places as gendered in different ways. By contrasting the core group 'hanging out' at Torget and the core group at Betel, who also spend a lot of time at Torget, we see how youths who are perceived as being very different do gender similarly as well as differently at the same place, and that the same youths do gender differently according to which place they are at. The article shows that there is not necessarily contradiction in being active in community spaces like a church and hanging around at Torget. Rather, they provide spaces for different and complementary ways of negotiating identity. Hanging out at a shopping centre is a meaningful activity in which gender and place are mutually constituted and where the youths' practice makes them not only consumers, but also co-producers of place.


The Gross-Neveu version of the Thirring model is analyzed in four-dimensional space-time. In 2 + epsilon dimensions this model is nonrenormalizable by power counting; however, it is known that up to4-epsilon dimensions the 1/N summation produces the improved propagator of the collective psi-barpsi field so that the theory requires no more subtractions than the theory in two dimensions. In four dimensions the situation deteriorates: There are two induced couplings of arbitrary strength, and the elastic unitarity is violated because the collective propagator decreases too fast. We show that the arbitrary coupling constant can be determined from the requirement that the effective potential has a minimum for zero values of the classical fermion and collective fields. One more reason for inconsistency is that a tachyon pole comes about even if one expands around the minimum of the potential. It is argued that one can get rid of inconsistencies by allowing the theory to be nonlocal. We construct the nonlocal form factor of the collective field from the requirements of unitarity, microcausality, correct spectral properties, and several assumptions about regularity properties of the nonlocal form factor.


Food safety issues have always been focused by the whole society.Especially after the major food safety issues such as incidents of the melamine and lean meat fine(namely clenbuterol hydrochloride),the government has paid more attention to food safety and has adopted series of measures.This article collects data about satisfaction of college students for food safety by questionnaires.The paper applies the exploratory factor analysis and structure equation model to research the satisfaction of food safety and explore the impact factors to satisfaction and the weaknesses to the food safety.Then the following conclusions can be drawn: the overall index of food safety satisfaction of college students is very low(53.75).The main reason is that the satisfaction to harmful substance and governance regulations are very low.Based on this conclusion,some suggestions will be offered as follows:1) propagandizing food safety education,and popularizing food safety knowledge;2) reinforcing the power of monitoring,and innovating law enforcement systems;3)re-establishing a moral integrity system,and improving the national literacy;4)strengthening the international cooperation and communication,and absorbing the advanced food safety management experience.


Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is an important cause of graft failure after heart transplantation (HTx) and a challenge for echocardiographic evaluation. We sought to evaluate the accuracy of the most novel echocardiographic tools for the assessment of RV remodelling and function in asymptomatic HTx recipients with and without rejection.

 All patients underwent right heart catheterization with biopsy, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and echocardiography in a row within the same day while fasting, irrespective of symptoms, as part of institutional follow up protocol dedicated to HTx recipients. Invasively measured systolic pulmonary artery pressure was used to calculate RV myocardial work index (MWI) from strain-pressure loops by using the custom software (EchoPAC BT204, Horten, Norway). Event timings were determined from pulmonic and tricuspid valve opening and closures. With the aim to generate full bull's eye map by automated function imaging, we computed RV LS data from the apical 4-chamber view 3 times, from 3 consecutive cycles substituting apical LV views. Other indices of RV function were measured according to the EACVI 2015 recommendations for chamber quantification. RV volumes and ejection fraction (EF) were quantified by CMR. Echocardiographic measurements were compared with CMR derived RV EF and biopsy findings as the reference for microstructural changes. We also evaluated by echocardiography organ donors as healthy controls.

 Sixty-one fully matching studies (echo, CMR, catheter, biopsy) were analyzed. Tricuspid systolic annular velocity (S'), peak systolic excursion (TAPSE) and longitudinal strain (LS) were significantly lower in healthy HTx recipients as compared to controls (p<0.001 for all). Whereas, RV volumes, EF and fractional area change (FAC) were not different between HTx recipients and healthy controls (Figure 1, EDV:end-diastolic volume). In the overall HTx recipients, only FAC (r=0.51, p<0.001) but not S', TAPSE, LS or MWI correlated with CMR derived EF. Biopsy defined subclinical rejections however were nicely mirrored by LS, and MWI (Figure 2), whereas other indices failed to reflect microstructural changes. In addition, MWI had higher accuracy than LS to discriminate biopsy findings. RV volumes, EF, FAC as well as TAPSE, S' were insensitive to subclinical myocardial damage.

 RV adaptation in healthy HTx recipients is characterized by decreased longitudinal function but preserved overall RVFAC, EF, and volumes. MWI seems to be more reliable than other echocardiographic parameters to track subclinical RV myocardial damage due to rejection, while the RV EF remains preserved.

 Type of funding sources: None.


A new modulation solution suitable for digital wireless communications and broadcasting applications, named Feher's /spl pi//4-FQPSK, is presented. This solution is an implementation of quadrature crosscorrelated Feher et. al. (1986, 1987) inventions. It has the combined advantages in spectral efficiency and power efficiency, as well as compatibility with IS-54 and IS-136 standardized /spl pi//4-DQPSK. Many researchers demonstrated that conventional /spl pi//4-QPSK has a significant spectral spreading in nonlinearly amplified systems. To reduce spreading, we introduce an in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) or I/Q cross correlated baseband processor into the conventional /spl pi//4-DQPSK architecture, which reduces the envelope fluctuation significantly. While conventional /spl pi//4-DQPSK requires linearized, relatively expensive and low power efficient RF stage, Feher's /spl pi//4-FQPSK can be operated in nonlinearly amplified, e.g. "C-class" power efficient systems. That is desirable for applications requiring high transmit efficiency, such as cellular/wireless/personal communications and broadcasting systems. The architecture of the /spl pi//4-FQPSK modem is described and its performance for different applications is evaluated through computer simulations and compared with some other modulation schemes including quadrature crosscorrelated GMSK. The compatibility of the /spl pi//4-FQPSK with the US digital cellular standard (IS-54 and IS-136) is also studied. The results demonstrate that /spl pi//4-FQPSK is both power and spectrally efficient for many applications.


Concrete iron is replaced by glass-fiber-reinforced plastics(GFRP) for the framework of retaining structure a certain area at the entrance/exit of shield launching shaft and shield arriving shaft,so as to make full use of shield performance and resource,improve the tunnelling efficiency of the shiled,reduce the damage of the shield cutter and guaranteed the safety of the construction.The characteristics of GFRP,construction and testing principles and application are presented,with Guangxidaxue station on Line 1 of Nanning railway transit as an example.The successful application of GFRP provide the condition for shield crossing and the practice shows that the cost,the shield crossing time and the influence on ground can be reduced by using GERP.


The purpose of this study is to prepare cheaper and higher performance reticulate porous ceramic (RPC) which is quite suitable for using in organic carrier. The RPC was made by clay through the polymeric foam replication process. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) phase analysis indicated that the RPC was mainly comprised mullite when sintered at 1350 C. The surface status of different component RPCs were also observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bio-film properties of RPC with different component and pore size were evaluated by the removal rates of CODCr and NH3-N. The results illustrated that the RPC had high effectiveness on the adsorption of micro-organism, the removal rates of CODCr and NH3-N were all reached to ~ 90%. The bio-film effect was associated to porosity, pore size and surface status of the RPC. Moreover, the porosity and pore size played more importantly role than the surface status in the process of bio-film for the RPC carriers. In fact, the RPC carriers with more porosity and suitable pore size achieve better sewage treatment effect.


Explainability is one of the key ethical concepts in the design of AI systems. However, attempts to operationalize this concept thus far have tended to focus on approaches such as new software for model interpretability or guidelines with checklists. Rarely do existing tools and guidance incentivize the designers of AI systems to think critically and strategically about the role of explanations in their systems. We present a set of case studies of a hypothetical AI-enabled product, which serves as a pedagogical tool to empower product designers, developers, students, and educators to develop a holistic explainability strategy for their own products.


ABSTRACT A highly heat-sensitive and xerolabile suspension of photosynthetic bacteria was dried in batch and continuous vibrofluidized beds of porous and nonporous solid carriers. Experimental drying rate and particle temperature curves as well as growth tests for fresh and dried bacteria show that this is a technically feasible process, and product obtained is of required quality.


We describe the conditional and unconditional dynamics of two coupled quantum dots when one dot is subjected to a measurement of its occupation number by coupling it to a third readout dot via the Coulomb interaction. The readout dot is coupled to source and drain leads under weak bias, and a tunnel current flows through a single bound state when energetically allowed. The occupation of the quantum dot near the readout dot shifts the bound state of the readout dot from a low conducting state to a high conducting state. The measurement is made by continuously monitoring the tunnel current through the readout dot. We show that there is a difference between the time scale for the measurement-induced decoherence between the localized states of the dots, and the time scale on which the system becomes localized due to the measurement.


An adhesive patch which comprises a substrate and, superposed thereon, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprising a rubber, a tackifier resin, and a softener, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains tulobuterol as an active ingredient in a concentration as low as 1 to 4 wt.% in a dissolved state and further contains a higher fatty acid as a release control agent in an amount of 0.1 to 3 wt.%. The adhesive patch contains tulobuterol in a low concentration and has the ability to stably control the release.


The quantitative analysis of foraminifers was carried out from Core XL2 in Xinglong sand of the north branch,the Yangtze River Estuary.It is found that there are 4 foraminiferal assemblage zones(including 10 foraminiferal assemblage sub-zones).The variety of the foraminiferal bundance is big,the diversity is low,and the shell dia-meter is smaller.There are also some pelagic foraminifers with smaller shell diameter.There are certain amount of broken foraminiferal shells showing the mechanical transportation.All the above characteristics imply the function of tidal current during the burial of foraminiferal assemblages.Based on the foraminiferal assemblges,magnetic properties and lithofacies,we suggest four modes of sedimentary environment for the evolution Xinglong sand bar:tidal current ridge→tidal channel→tidal current ridge(intertidal zone)→supratidal zone(supertidal zone),forming the sedimentary sequence of the filled estuary.


Note: [PR] = from personal files of Patricia Robinson. Black Radicals Onward. (1969, April 19). Harambee (New Rochelle). [PR] Black Unity Party (Peekskill, NY). (1968, Fall). Birth control pills and Black children. Lilith [Seattle], [1st issue], p. 7. [Lilith is available from Redstockings Women's Liberation Archives, Archives Distribution Project, P.O. Box 2625, Gainesville, FL 32602] Cade, Toni. (Ed.). (1970). The Black woman. New York: Signet. The Damned. (1990). Lessons from the damned: Class struggle in the Black community. Ojai, CA: Times Change Press. [Original work published 1973] Haden, Patricia, Middleton, Donna, & Robinson, Patricia. (1970). A historical and critical essay for Black women. In Leslie B. Tanner (Ed.), Voices from women's liberation (pp. 316-324). New York: Signet. Morgan, Robin. (Ed.). (1970). Sisterhood is powerful: An anthology of writings from the women's liberation movement. New York: Random House. [Mount Vernon Group]. (1968, Fall). The sisters reply. Lilith [Seattle] [1st issue], p. 8. [Reprinted by New England Free Press; anthologized as "Statement on birth control" in Robin Morgan, ed., Sisterhood is powerful, pp. 360-361] Robinson, Patricia. (1967, April). Revolt of the Black woman. Interview by Dan Georgakas, New Rochelle. Unpublished manuscript. [PR] Robinson, Patricia. (1968, Fall). [Poor Black women]. Lilith [Seattle] [1st issue], pp. 9-11. [Reprinted by New England Free Press; anthologized as "On the position of poor Black women in this country" in Toni Cade, ed., The Black woman (New York: Signet) pp. 194-197] Robinson, Patricia. (1969, July 19). NFL, N. Viet women tell peace desires, how they help fight. The Afro-American (Baltimore), p. 15. [PR] Robinson, Pat, & Group. (1970). A historical and critical essay for Black women in the cities, June 1969. In Toni Cade (Ed.), The Black woman (pp. 198-210). New York: Signet. Robinson, Pat, & Group. (1970). Letter to a North Vietnamese sister from an AfroAmerican woman. In Toni Cade (Ed.), The Black woman (pp. 189-194). New York: Signet. Tanner, Leslie B. (Ed.). (1970). Voices from women's liberation. New York: Signet. 7. Searching for a Tradition African-American Women Writers, Activists, and Interracial Rape Cases


We investigate the nonlinear dissipative coherence bifurcation and population dynamics of a two-component atomic Bose–Einstein condensate coupling with a continuum.The coupling between the two-component condensates and the continuum brings effective dissipations to the two-component condensates.The steady states and the coherence bifurcation depend on both dissipation and the nonlinear interaction between condensed atoms.The coherence among condensed atoms may be even enhanced by the effective dissipations.The combination of dissipation and nonlinearity allows one to control the switching between different self-trapped states or the switching between a self-trapped state and a non-self-trapped state.


The article outline main principles of imitatied designing using a long elastic rod as a model. As an example it is giver the reconstruction of the highway Kyiv-Chop on the section of 119+150 -121+050 km.


A new trainable trajectory formation system named TDA for facial animation is here proposed that dissociates parametric spaces and methods for movement planning and execution. Movement planning is achieved by HMM-based trajectory formation. This module essentially plans configurations of lip geometry (aperture, spreading and protrusion). Movement execution is performed by concatenation of multi-represented diphones. This module is responsible for selecting and concatenating detailed facial movements that best obey to the target kinematics of the geometry previously planned. Movement planning ensures that the essential visual characteristics of visemes are reached (lip closing for bilabials, rounding and opening for palatal fricatives, etc) and that appropriate coarticulation is planned. Movement execution grafts phonetic details and idiosyncratic articulatory strategies (dissymetries, importance of jaw movements, etc) to the planned gestural score. This planning scheme is compared to alternative planning strategies using articulatory modeling and motion capture data.


In this paper, we obtain approximate inverses of popular tri-diagonal and penta-diagonal matrices which are used to construct local (or a discrete quasi-interpolant) interpolatory and integro splines.


Byzantine Emperor Andronicus I Comnenus and His Reforms to Rearrange of the Government Organization Andronicus I Comnenus, despite having only two years in the imperial throne, is one of the most prominent personalities in the Byzantine history. During his short reign, Andronicus I Comnenus reformed and re-organized the Byzantine management system. This led to a visible improvement in the management system and eliminated many disruptions. However his violent methods when performing these reforms and opposition of the Byzantine aristocracy, lost their privileges which they had previously, had caused a reaction against his administration and he had lost his throne and life tragically in a rebellion that broke out in the capital of the Byzantine Empire


Objective: To analyze Brazilian scientific production in pediatric dentistry. Methods: Four journals were selected from the Journal Citation Reports 2011 database. All papers published between 2000 and 2011 were reviewed. The variables were the number of scientific articles published in each journal, institution of origin, authorship of articles and the involvement of both national and international partnerships. Results: From 2.428 articles retrieved, 315 were by Brazilian authors, with an average of 26.25 articles per year. Conclusions: The participation of Brazilian researchers increased from 2000 to 2011. The majority of the production occurred in public higher education institutions from the southeast of the country, and only a few studies were performed in partnership with researchers from different institutions, whether domestic or international. The development of collaborative networks between researchers from different institutions should be encouraged as a way to increase high impact scientific production in pediatric dentistry


The growth of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in developing countries over the last decade has attracted an intense academic and policy-oriented interest for its determinants. Despite the gravity model being considered a useful tool to approximate bilateral FDI flows, the literature has seen a growing debate in relation to its econometric specification, so that which is the best estimator for the gravity equation is far from conclusive. This paper examines the determinants of German outward FDI in Latin America and Asia for the period 1996-2012 by evaluating the performance of alternative Generalized Linear Model (GLM) estimators. Our findings indicate that Negative Binomial Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (NBPML) is the estimator best matched to our data, followed by Gamma Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (GPML). Furthermore, German FDI in Latin America is found to be predominantly vertical in nature, whereas that in Asia is mainly market-seeking.


From "How was your day?" to "Remember the time we …", we use stories as a way to share our experiences, understandings and concerns with others. Stories extend our knowledge and understanding of other people and situations, other cultures and languages by including the emotional expressions of factual information. When so much of family and community life in South Africa remains insular and disconnected from other cultures, other languages and other belief systems, stories can extend boundaries beyond our single perspectives and experiences to the varying perspectives of others. This becomes particularly important for teachers of young children who may have very different life experiences from those of the children they teach. In this project, we examined storytelling as a way to cross-cultural boundaries and of harnessing the diverse worlds of South African citizens pedagogically. We asked fourth year students in a Foundation Phase teacher education programme to identify a person from a different cultural and linguistic group; and to have that person share a story with them to discover how the experience of listening to stories from different cultures, languages, and belief systems might influence their attitudes towards teaching children with those characteristic differences.


Comparisons across the three research sites, with histories ranging from 5to 19-years-old, allowed for an examination of the effects of crop rotation history (short vs. longer) and system (organic vs. conventional) on weed management, crop productivity, soil quality and soil microbial communities. This article is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/leopold_grantreports/536