Exotic Animal Formulary, 4th edn W. James Carpenter 744 pages, paperback, £33.14. Elsevier. 2012. ISBN 978 1 43772 264 2

THIS is a very handy book, and this revised edition includes a fantastic spread of drug doses and a mass of new references. It is compiled and edited by world-leading authorities on exotic animal medicine and gives the user a great insight into what they can do if presented with a clinical situation in an exotic species. It is very favourably priced and several (but not all) sections have seen considerable revision in drugs and dosages. Without any doubt, there are plenty of new and interesting data included.⇓

The visual format of this edition is more pleasing on the eye and easier to use than the previous edition. However, the back cover …


The article represents development of the wave shell finite element for calculating dynamic characteristics of gas turbine engine parts. Differential equation system is obtained for conical shell element. Considering the properties of the eigenmotion spectrum of rotationally symmetric systems, forces and displacements are presented in complex form of traveling waves in circumferential direction. The Galerkin method is used to create a finite element as particular form of residuals. As a result, the matrix stiffness equation is obtained. It calculates dynamic characteristics of finite element.


This letter concerns Dr.John Wren-Lewis
introducing himself to Mr. Robertson in the hope that Robertson may confirm the stories behind the Senoi "dream tribe" and H.D. Noone.


This chapter reconstructs W. E. B. Du Bois's defense of democracy in "Of the Ruling of Men," a chapter in his neglected work Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil. Du Bois's examination of why blacks and other citizens were denied the right to vote, how this contributes to democratic failure, and how this can be averted provides useful insight as we look for ways to address the current crisis of democratic rule in America and around the world. Du Bois proposes that the way to avert democratic failure is to guarantee civil and political rights, social equality, and economic justice for every citizen.


Visceral Leishmaniasis, also know as Kala-azar, is a parasitic tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania donovani. It is an endemic disease in many countries. It affects approximately 1,5 million people every year, and when associated with mal-nutrition and co-infection it may be fatal. Fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia is its typical clinical picture. Ocular manifestations of Kalaazar are relatively rare and can affect either anterior or posterior segment of the eye. We report a patient with kala-azar presenting intraretinal hemorrhages that regress completely after the successful treatment for visceral leishmaniasis.


The Liziping Pb-Zn ore block is a part of the Liziping Pb-Zn deposit.The orebodies are hosted in argillaceous limestone of the Upper Member of the Middle Jurassic Huakaizuo Formation.On the basis of geological setting and geological features this paper believes that the deposit is a middle-low temperature hydrothermal one controlled by structure with 5 prospecting criteria.


When semiconductor nanostructures are subjected to a strong high-frequency radiation field, they exhibit a type of quantum transport known as photon-assisted tunnelling. The radiation helps the electrons to tunnel between two regions of the semiconductor that are separated by a small barrier, leading to increased current flow.


The report reviews information on the characteristics of solid and liquid fuels. Specifically, it deals with the chemical and physical characteristics of components of the fuel which are sources of sulfur, nitrogen, and trace element pollutants when that fuel is utilized. The review suggests that at least part of the sulfur and most of the nitrogen originate from compounds common to the fuels reviewed (coal, petroleum, tar sand oil, and shale oil). These are primarily organic sulfur and organic nitrogen compounds. For liquid fuels, it was concluded that intrinsic centers of sulfur and nitrogen contamination are found in the colloidal suspensions commonly known as asphaltenes and the more soluble resins. Trace elements are present as oil-soluble compounds in petroleum, tar sand oil, and shale oil. In coal, it was concluded that the nitrogen contaminants are present as organic compounds and that the sulfur is present both as organic and inorganic compounds. Trace elements in coal were categorized into those found principally with the organic matter of coal and those found present principally in the mineral matter associated with coal. (GRA)


The gyrotropic transport equations are used to describe an electron-proton solar wind from the 500,000 K level in the upper transition region and out to 30 solar radii. These equations allow for different temperatures parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field, as well as transport of parallel and perpendicular thermal energy along the field. We find that in models with significant coronal proton heating, the electron temperature is much lower than the proton temperature. The electron gas is collision dominated, the thermal anisotropy is small, and the heat flux is close to a "classical" heat flux. The proton gas is collision dominated in the upper transition region, but the temperature increases rapidly in the inner corona, and the protons become collisionless close to the Sun. The proton heat flux is proportional to the temperature gradient very close to the Sun, but in the extended corona it deviates substantially from a classical heat flux. In models where the proton heating is in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field, a large perpendicular temperature is produced locally, but the perpendicular thermal motion couples into parallel thermal motion, and the parallel temperature increases outward from the Sun. We obtain a maximum parallel temperature that is comparable to the maximum perpendicular temperature. This result seems to hold for all models where the energy flux necessary to drive high-speed wind is deposited in the corona as heat. The result is not in agreement with UVCS/SOHO observations of the 1216 A Ly-α line in large coronal holes. These observations are consistent with a much larger random proton motion perpendicular to the magnetic field than parallel to the field. Such anisotropies can be obtained in models of high-speed solar wind if we allow for a significant fraction of the energy flux from the Sun to be in the form of low-frequency, transverse waves. These waves accelerate the solar wind without heating the corona, and they contribute to the line broadening in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field.


Portland clinker is defined as an artificial material obtained from crudes having the appropriate chemical composition through a process called clinkering (calcining and sintering). Portland clinker is a material composed of at least 66 wt% calcium silicates. The balance must be aluminum and iron oxides. Therefore, clinker is composed of and can be defined as a ceramic material. Clinker is a raw material in manufacturing cements and concrete. Little thought has been given to its application in structural ceramics. However, clinker can be processed as a classical ceramic through conventional powder technology methods, and, therefore, it can have other applications. The objective of this work is to determine the optimum sintering conditions of plain clinker and the optimum amount of additives that increase its sintering density, resulting in better mechanical properties.


B OTH Irving Ribner and M. R. Ridley express puzzlement over Antony and Cleopatra III. vii. 7-9, but the meaning of the passage seems clear enough. When Cleopatra asks why she should not be present at the forthcoming battle, Enobarbus replies cynically: "If we should serve with horse and mares together, / The horse were merely lost; the mares would bear / A soldier and his horse." Ribner notes: "A ribald jest is doubtless intended, although its precise terms are not clear. 'Bear' is often used in the sense of 'support the male."" And Ridley


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Propagation of electromagnetic waves through a two-dimensional triangular lattice has been studied for different values of refractive index contrast between the constituent dielectrics, and for angles of incidence both in and out of the plane of periodicity. Transmission results have been obtained both experimentally and with the transfer matrix technique, and good agreement has been found between the two. Comparison with band structure calculations has also been made.


AIM: To express recombinant mouse Wnt-3a signal protein with biological activity. METHODS: The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid, pSecTag2/Hygro B-Wnt3a, was transfected into NIH3T3 cells by liposome, then the expressed protein was detected by Western Blot. The saturation density and the capability of suppressing apoptosis in Wnt3a/NIH3T3 cells were evaluated. RESULTS: The Wnt-3a signal protein was stably expressed in Wnt3a/NIH3T3 cells. The saturation density and the capability of suppressing apoptosis in Wnt3a/NIH3T3 cells were markedly increased. CONCLOUSION: We successfully construct the recombinant Wnt-3a signal protein with biological activity.


: In this article classical and Lacanian psychoanalysis is applied for interpretation of discourse and conduct of lieutenant Glahn, the protagonist of Knut Hamsun's novel Pan . The analysis is based on the theory and case studies of psychoses from the main works by Sigmund Freud. The scene of Glahn shooting his hunting dog Asop – one of the most complicated episodes in a novel – became the starting point of this research. The application of psychoanalytic conception of paranoia to the narrative helped throw light on the logic of action and clarify the connection between the protagonist's deed and his discourse. A comparison of Hamsun's text with Salvador Dali's autobiographical writing The Secret Life of Salvador Dali and with the Lacan's interpretation of the crime of Papin sisters helped identify paranoid mental structures in the narrative.


Objective To observe the morphologic changes of immature dendritic cells(imDCs) before and after the electransfection of human hepatic cancer cell RNA. Methods Monocytes were purified from human peripheral blood,and induced into imDCs.Then human hepatic cancer cell RNA was electransfected into monocyte-derived imDCs.ImDCs were identified by the immunocytochemical method with 7 specific antibodies before and after electransfection.These dendritic cells were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results After electransfection of human hepatic cancer cell RNA there were few changes of molecule expressions in imDCs.ImDCs were in round,oval and irregular shapes before electransfection.Their sizes were not identical but all bigger than monocytes.There were many protrusions in different shapes which looked like dendrite,or/and bubble,veil cloud on the surface of these imDCs.Although there were some cell fusions and cell deaths after electransfection,most imDCs recovered from the damage.Electransfecting human hepatic cancer cell RNA into imDCs would make pores on cell membrane.Conclusions The pores on cell membrane make it possible that the exogenous material enters imDCs.This study can prove the possibility of electransfecting human hepatic cancer cell RNA into imDCs to make cancer vaccine,which provides a new way for tumor biologic therapy.


THIS mineral was discovered early in the year 1865 in the Blind Spring -mountains, situated in Mono county, California, and first denoted as a silver ore by Dr. A. F. W. Partz, for which reason I applied to it the above name. . It has hitberto never been found in crystals or of a crystalline structure, but always in amorphous masses generally without luster and rarely of a glistening appetU'ance. Its fracture varies from conchoidal to even, and its color from yellowish-green to blackish-green and black-tbe ligbter-colored portions containing tbe most silver. Oftentimes the mineral bas considerable resemblance to the product obtained dnring the middle of the raking period in cupellation. The amount of silver it contains ranges between 4 and 12 per cent. . In the veins of tbe Blind Spring district the Partzite occurs in irregular deposits which are often nodular in shape, and occasionally occupy for a distance of many feet the whole widthof the veins. . Its ap. gr. is 8-8j its H.=8-4. Before the blowpipe on platinnm it 1s melted, but with difficulty, to a black slag j on charcoal, and especially bI adding soda and pulverized cbarcoal, a metallic button is easdy obtained wbich bears much resemblance to pnre antimony. . SO 3' OII£, and NO 5 decompose the mineral even in the cold, liberating oxyd of antimony and forming a copper-silver solution. . An analysis of the mineral shows the following composition:


Tel.+8615301516886 This study aims to investigate the effect of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level and heart rate turbulence (HRT) phenomena on changes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, and their roles in predicting the evaluation of recent cardiovascular event. According to clinical diagnosis and coronary artery angiography results, 102 patients were divided into three groups; ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA). The BNP and HRT results were determined upon performance of parallel color doppler ultrasound examination. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during hospitalization and within 90 days after discharge were analyzed. BNP level significantly differed between ACS and control groups (P < 0.05). With ACS degree aggravating, the classification of HRT in HRT2 increased significantly. Comparisons between with and without MACE shows an increase in BNP level, HRT2 ratio and Turbulence Onset (TO) with a decrease in turbulence slope (TS). The levels of BNP in patients with ACS are good indicators of the severity of ACS. HRT phenomenon is associated with ACS type. BNP and HRT are correlated with recent adverse cardiovascular events.


Overview. Teen romantic relationships have become a pervasive part of popular culture, from TV shows, movies, and books to blogs and social networking sites. But the attention paid to these relationships extends beyond the parameters of popular culture. Romance, teen style, has become of increasing interest to anyone concerned with healthy adolescent development—with good reason. The initiation of romantic relationships represents a key developmental task of adolescence. Research suggests that several critical dimensions of adolescent romantic and sexual relationships—such as how teens define the different types of relationships, how serious they consider these relationships, and how they communicate within them—may influence when teens first have sex and whether they use contraception. In turn, these considerations have a bearing on teens' risks of having or fathering a child or of acquiring a sexually transmitted infection (STI).6,9,13,16 Moreover, relationship habits and patterns developed during adolescence can affect later adult relationships,2,8 a finding that highlights the importance of developing healthy relationship behaviors during the teen years.


A 16-year-old girl presented to our emergency department with left-sided pain in the upper abdomen. The patient had no previous history of abdominal pain. Auscultation of the abdomen revealed normal bowel movements. According to her dietary habits, she was a vegan. The patient's attitude during the physical examinations was uncooperative and withdrawn. A plain abdominal X-ray was performed ( fig. 1 ). When confronted with the image, the patient admitted to have swallowed a toothbrush of adult size. The patient presumed that she had unknowingly consumed meat, and in efforts to provoke vomiting with the toothbrush, it was accidentally swallowed. Under general anesthesia, the toothbrush was removed using an endoscope, with the head of the toothbrush grasped with a snare. There was no injury or complication during endoscopic retrieval ( fig. 2 ). The postoperative course was uneventful. Published online: November 29, 2007


This paper attempts to show that traditional methods of gathering information are inadequate with regard to the adolescent sex offender. A new approach to learning about this type of individual is described which relies on self-disclosure in a group therapy context. Case illustrations are provided which suggest that group therapy generates information which is dramatically different from what is usually obtained by means of the individual interview, police report, or victim survey.


In this study, a series of TiO2/rGO photocatalysts were obtained with a two-step procedure: a solvothermal method and calcination at 300–900 °C in an argon atmosphere. It was noted that the presence of rGO in photocatalysts had an important role in the changes in crystallite size and specific surface area. In TiO2/rGO samples, different surface functional groups, such as C−Cgraph, C−Caliph, C−OH, C=O, and CO(O), were found. It was observed that rGO modification suppressed the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained nanomaterials was investigated through the decomposition of methylene blue under UV and artificial solar light irradiation. It was found that the adsorption degree played an important role in methylene blue decomposition. The experimental results revealed that TiO2/rGO samples exhibited superior removal efficiency after calcination for methylene blue compared toTiO2 without rGO, as well as a commercial photocatalyst KRONOClean 7000. It was noted that photocatalytic activity increased with the increase in the calcination temperature. The highest activity was observed for the sample calcined at 700 °C, which consisted of 76% anatase and 24% rutile. This study clearly demonstrated that TiO2/rGO samples calcined in argon can be used as efficient photocatalysts for the application of methylene blue decomposition.


CSR is a form of corporate social responsibility that shows concern for the environment. CSR is divided into two, CSR internal and external CSR. Internal CSR is related to all employees while external CSR relates to the environment. This researchexamines whetherthere aredifferences inCSRdisclosureinIslamic banking in IndonesiaandMalaysiawitht-testanalysisinthe study periodfrom 2004to 2011. The analysis showedthatthere are not significant differencesbetweenCSR disclosureinIslamic banking in IndonesiaandMalaysia. Keywords: Islamic Bank, CSR, t-test


The author describes how, whether called the pool operator, the system controller, independent system operator (ISO) or regional transmission operator (RTO), the open access grid operation, the entity operating the regional grid has four major responsibilities with respect to the power grid, system security, delivery of power as promised, cost recovery, and fair (equitable) access.


Abstract : Akima cubic spline and spatial Fourier series (SFS) techniques for modeling ocean bottom contours from bathymetric data were comparatively analyzed. SFS methods encountered difficulty in ocean bottom reconstruction despite several enhancements to the fundamental technique. Both Akima cubic spline and SFS approaches proved unsatisfactory in reproducing first and second- order derivatives for several arbitrarily shaped ocean bottom contours. A simple reflection angle algorithm for arbitrary one-dimensional bottom models was examined and found to be accurate. A graphical demonstration of acoustic ray interaction with the ocean bottom using a variety of mathematical ocean bottom models and the reflection angle algorithm was conducted.


In these lectures I will present an introduction to the results that have been recently obtained in constraint optimization of random problems using statistical mechanics techniques. After presenting the general results, in order to simplify the presentation I will describe in details only the problems related to the coloring of a random graph.


OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-based criteria for early prediction of disease onset in autosomal dominant Alzheimer9s disease (ADAD). BACKGROUND: ADAD genetics has been highly beneficial to understanding AD pathogenesis, with investigators discovering over 180 different mutations in three genes (APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2) which are now known to be directly involved in production of the amyloid-beta peptide implicated as a primary cause of AD pathology. While these mutations all cause early onset AD with virtually complete penetrance, they demonstrate significant heterogeneity in age of onset and disease course, which has not yet been analyzed in a comprehensive way. Several clinical trials are now preparing to evaluate candidate treatments for presymptomatic AD in ADAD patient populations. If evidence-based criteria can be developed for prospectively estimating disease onset, clinical research in ADAD can provide unique benefits by enrolling patient cohorts at well-defined time points in early disease. DESIGN/METHODS: We have compiled individual-level data on age of symptom onset from three independent projects studying ADAD extended families, and combined this with data extracted from 108 peer-reviewed publications of ADAD pedigrees. Our combined dataset contains 337 families including 3011 individuals, of whom 1170 were affected by ADAD with known age of symptom onset. After adjusting for ascertainment bias, we used linear regression in R to assess several measures derived from family history as potential predictors of disease onset in individual patients. RESULTS: We report summary statistics describing disease onset and course for 163 pathogenic mutations in our meta-analysis dataset, and discover highly significant correlations between age of onset of individual patients and adjusted mean onset values for mutation type and family. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of variance in symptom onset in ADAD is explained by statistical measures derived from family history and mutation type, providing empirical support for use of these data to estimate onset in clinical research. Supported by: The Dominant Inherited Alzheimer9s Network (DIAN) Consortium. Disclosure: Dr. Ryman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bateman has received personal compensation for activities with Link Medicine, JAI, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pfizer Inc, Merck, SPRI, Elan Corporation, Eisai Inc., and Medtronic, Inc. Dr. Bateman has received royalty payments from Washington University. Dr. Bateman has received research support from AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals and Merck & Co., Inc.


Nanomedicines have long been expected to significantly enhance cancer treatment. However, their clinical translation is still very limited despite the world's great efforts during the last two decades. One of the reasons is that the transport barriers within tumors restrict their penetration into tumors, with most nanomedicines remaining among the top submicrometer to several micrometers scale. Therefore, there is extensive interest in the field to understand the tumor microenvironment and develop techniques to boost the penetration of nanomedicines in tumors. This review emphasizes the need for smart nanotechnology to fit the changing requirements of nanomedicines for effective drug delivery, particularly the technologies for deep penetration of nanomedicines in tumor tissues, and explores their mechanisms in order to achieve multistage requirement during the applications of nanomedicines in patients. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of current approaches to facilitate the deep penetration of nanomedicines are discussed and possible future avenues for smart nanotechnology are identified.


Objective:To investigate the characteristics and correlative factors of Chinese traditional medicine syndrome differentiation of 160 cases of maintained hemodialysis(MHD) patients,and then to provide some reference on prevention and treatment of chronic complications of MHD patients.Methods:Dominant and subordinate syndrome differentiation were performed on 160 cases of MHD patients by unify syndrome differentiation standard.Biochemistry parameters,blood regular tests,dialysis adequacy,intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH) and high sensitive c-reactive protein(hs-CRP) were detected.Both results were analyzed by statistics methods.Results:In 160 cases of MHD,the proportion of spleen-kidney Qi deficiency and liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome was obviously higher than that of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency and Yin-yang deficiency syndrome(P0.05).The patients with subordinate syndrome of blood stasis were more than wind and dampness syndrome(P0.01).The proportion of patients with less than 5-year dialysis duration among spleen-kidney Qi deficiency and liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome was obviously higher than that of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency and Yin-yang deficiency syndrome(P0.05).The KT/V,plasma hemoglobin and albumin level of Yin-yang deficiency syndrome was lower than other three syndromes(P0.05).The iPTH and hs-CRP value of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency and Yin-yang deficiency syndrome was higher than other two syndromes(P0.05).The plasma albumin of dampeness syndrome was lower and the iPTH of wind syndrome was higher than other three syndromes(P0.05).Conclusion:The syndrome differentiation of MHD patients has particularity.The treatment should combine four diagnostic methods according to the different patients.


Curcumin and Piperine are two naturally occurring bioactives that have received considerable attention for their medicinal and bioenhancing properties primarily through inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Recent advances in promises and bioavailability enhancing features of these two molecules and their metal chelates as promising candidates for prevention or cure of many neurotoxic diseases such as Alzheimer's and cancer are presented in this chapter. While curcumin exhibits powerful scavenging properties of neurotoxic transition metal ions primarily through metal-chelation, piperine enhances curcumin's bioavailability primarily through inhibition of a number of cytochrome P450 and other enzymes. The key features of piperine's inhibiting characteristic originate from its alkaloid structure with a nitrogen-containing heterocycle are reviewed. A conjugated aliphatic chain that acts as a bridge in both piperine and curcumin makes them structurally interesting candidates for dual actions. In the case of piperine the bridge together with the keto and C-N groups provide optimal electronic features for its propensity to bind to multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes such as CYP3A4 and UGT enzymes involved in drug metabolism, as well as a transporter of partially hydrophobic molecules like curcumin through metabolic pathways. These enzymes are major phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes and thus piperine prevents glucuronosylation of curcumin and other drugs both in intestine and liver thus allowing for greater time to be absorbed in the body. Curcumin's aliphatic bridge facilitates its penetration of the blood-brain-barrier while its di-keto groups bind to neurotoxic metal ions and small oligomers of amyloid- thus preventing further polymerization and misfolding of amyloid- into neurotoxic conformations that cause Alzheimer's disease.


Thispaperpresents a realtimeprogrammable irregular Low Density ParityCheck(LDPC)Encoderas specified intheIEEEP802.16E/D7 standard. Theencoder is programmable forframesizes from576to2304andforfive different coderates. H matrix isefficiently generated andstored fora particular framesizeandcoderate.Theencoder is implemented onReconfigurable Instruction CellArchitecture (RA)whichhasrecently emergedasanultra lowpower,high performance, ANSI-Cprogrammable embeddedcore. Different general andarchitecture specific optimization techniques are applied toenhance thethroughput. WithRA,athroughput from 10to19Mbpshasbeenachieved.


Website structure optimization is of great research value and practical significance and has drawn public attention of researchers at home and abroad. This article has carried out in-depth analysis of the system model of the website structure optimization and its characteristics at each phase and adopts specific algorithm against main phases of this system model. Such algorithm can be divided into three steps, namely, generating frequent closed sequential pattern, adopting hierarchical clustering for the frequent closed sequential pattern and generating partial order based on the clustering result. This article has given full description of algorithms for various steps. In conclusion, the article has put forward feasibility proposals for website structure optimization in the form of experimental results. Its purpose is optimize link functions in order to reduce clicking of "unnecessary" pages by users.


Bovine κ-casein, a phosphoglycoprotein, has mucin-type carbohydrate chains. Subcellular distribution of enzymes that take part in the post-translational modification of κ-casein was examined. In lactating mammary glands from rats and cows, N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase, galactosyl transferase, sialyl transferase, and casein kinase were localized specifically in the Golgi apparatus.The substrate specificities indicate that these enzymes are actually responsible for the processing of κ-casein.The presence of a phosphate group attached to κ-casein did not affect the rate of glycosylation by N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase, while the presence of carbohydrate chains attached to κ- casein strongly reduced the rate of phosphorylation by casein kinase. These results suggest that in the Golgi apparatus, phosphorylation of κ-casein precedes glycosylation.


Decreased mammography drives breast cancer disparities. Black women have lower rates of mammography completion than White women, and this contributes to disparities in outcomes. Points of disparity along the continuum for screening mammography remain underresearched.


From 2007 to 2011, archaeological investigations were conducted at Mount Ruderbüsch (Oberbettingen, Rhineland-Palatinate) in the western Eifel region (Fig. 1), due to the establishment of a modern basanite quarry at the site. The site is very well suited to quern and millstone production and is one of the biggest such finds in the area (Nortmann 2006:452). It had been known from surveys for many years (Hörter 1984:206‒210, 1994:96‒101) and the entire extinct volcano had been the site of opencast mining for many centuries. Medieval millstone quarries at Mount Ruderbüsch were already mentioned in geological records during the nineteenth century (Steininger 1821:109, 1853:128). A survey of the volcanic Eifel region and the publication of the historical quarrying sites by F. Hörter junior (1994:60‒178) revealed Iron Age exploitation as well (Hörter 1994:96‒101). The new field studies confirmed the presumed use of the mountain's stone in the Iron Age as well as in the Medieval Period and provided many interesting details, especially concerning the Iron Age exploitation. The site is situated in the volcanic Eifel region, which is divided into two large Quaternary volcanic areas (Fig. 1). The eastern area stretches from the volcanos around Mayen and Laach Lake to the Rhine Valley. The western area corresponds approximately with the modern administrative district of Landkreis Vulkaneifel (Meyer 1994:305, Schmincke 2000:90). In the eastern area, the historical quarrying of querns and millstones shows a focused centre at the quarries around the cities of Mayen and Niedermendig (Hörter 1994:71‒78, 89‒95, Mangartz 2006:25‒34). In the western area, quarries are more evenly spread out and we can find different sites, all of which had a smaller production in comparison to Mayen (Mangartz 2006:25). Among those sites, Mount Ruderbüsch is without doubt one of the biggest and most intensively used (Hörter 1984:206‒210, 1994:96‒101, Nortmann Preliminary report on a quern and millstone production site from the Iron Age and the Medieval Period at Mount Ruderbüsch, Western Eifel Region, Germany


According to the investigation ,the forest vegetables was widely distributed in Emai Mountain,of which there were 219 species,68 families,119 genus. The capacity of fresh vegetabe were 5000t in Emei Mountain which the exploitable capacity was 30% . The authors appraised the species,distributions,distinguishing feature,nutritive value,economic value,the functions of medical treatment and health protection,as well as probed into the collection,strage,process and utilization.


We present new results from a systematic study of absorption line strengths of galaxies in clusters approaching redshifts of unity. In this paper, we specifically compare th e strengths of the high-order Balmer absorption features of Hγ and Hδ in E/S0s in the four clusters Abell 2256 ( z=0.06), CL1358+62 ( z = 0.33), MS2053–04 ( z = 0.58), and MS1054–03 ( z = 0.83). By comparing the correlation of Balmer line strength wi th velocity dispersion for E/S0s in the three clusters, we find moderate evolution in the zeropoint of the (HδA+HγA)-σ relation with redshift. The trend is consistent with passive evolution of old stellar po pulations. Under the assumption that the samples can be compared directly, we use single-burst stellar population synthesis models to constrain the last major occurrences of star-formation in the observed E/S0s to be z f > 2.5 (95% confidence). We have compared the evolution of the Balmer absorption with the evolution of the B-band fundamental plane and find that simple stellar populat ion models agree very well with the data. While the best agreemen t occurs with a low value for Ωm, the data provide strong confirmation of the time-evolution in recent stellar population models. Subject headings: galaxies: evolution, galaxies: elliptical and lenticular , galaxies: clusters: individual (Abell 2256,CL1358+62,MS2053–04,MS1054–03)


As a new type of inertial actuator, the gyrowheel can perform actuator and sensor applied for micro-spacecraft. Due to the special support mechanical structure of gyrowheel rotor, the rotation speed of the rotor in the tilting would produce twice-spin frequency flutter, which affects the service life of system. In this paper, according to the rigid universal joint of the prototype, the mathematical model of speed transfer is established and the torque analysis of universal joint is carried out at the same time. The simulation results verified the effects of the joint on the gyrowheel.


In-situ polymerization and in-situ compatibilization is a new way to prepare polymer bends. In order to make clear the compatibilization process, the compatibilizer synthesis should be analyzed firstly to achieve the controllable reaction. In the presence of catalyst sodium caprolactam (NaCL), 3-isopropenyl-α,α-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) bearing the copolymer (PS-co-TMI) of Styrene (St) initiates the activated anionic polymerization of e-caprolactam (CL) to form a graft copolymer of the controllable structure with PS as backbone and PA6 as graft. Results suggested that the polymerization temperature should be higher than 200℃; an increase in the amount of NaCL leads to a decrease in the induction time of polymerization and an increase in polymerization rate; increasing the TMI content in PS-co-TMI may decrease the induction time of polymerization and the length of PA6 graft; the mass ratio of PS-co-TMI to CL has no effect on the induction time. Therefore, the optimal condition for the synthesis of PS-g-PA6 is that the temperature is above 220℃, the content of catalyst is higher than 3% and at the same time the content of TMI in PS-co-TMI is higher than 2%.


historians of science regarded the decades that stretched from Isaac Newton to Charles Darwin as a vast historical Sahara, a blank temporal expanse during which nothing much happened. But as it turns out, a lot did happen. As Graham Burnett has beautifully observed, for example, a New York court case over the natural, social, and commercial statuses of whales reveals a lively debate about the living world that took place in an era of supposed inconsequence. Rather than an arid Sahara, we have the teeming seven seas. Out of that salty cradle of life, I want to haul in yet another interesting marine specimen, this one from a slightly earlier period, the late 18th century, in order to clarify what science in early America signified before and after the American Revolution.1 I present to you not a whale, but a whaleman. Timothy Folger was a native of Nantucket, who, like many from that small island, took to the sea for his livelihood, eventually becoming a ship's captain. Posterity might have forgotten him were it not for his famous cousin, Benjamin Franklin, whose mother was from Nantucket. If Franklin's rise to fame and fortune is a matter of public history, it was also a matter of family pride—his relatives rejoiced in their kinsman's achievement in becoming the first scientific American, the first person born in the New World who was regarded as the equal of European men of science, and the first to enjoy cultural visibility and political power because of his scientific achievements. Wherever the eminent Franklin went, his waterborne Nantucket kin followed; they would call on him in Philadelphia, London, and even Paris.2 In 1768, while Franklin was living in London, he enjoyed a well-timed visit from Timothy Folger. The year 1768 marked the first stage of the troubled relations between American colonists and British administrators. Franklin himself felt stung by British criticism, both because he was a spokesman and lobbyist for American interests in London and because of his absenteeism from America, where he was supposed to be serving as Deputy Postmaster General. Serendipitously, as it would turn out, it was at this moment that British officials put a question to him: Why did it take longer to get a postal packet ship to New York than to Boston? Franklin in turn put the question to Timothy Folger, who was evidently amused at this evidence that British packet boat captains were perfect idiots. Little did they know that their travel to New York was delayed because they were navigating against the current of the Gulf Stream, which they avoided in the more northerly passage to Boston, hence the differential in travel time. To this explanation, Folger added an interesting fact: Nantucket mariners knew the Gulf Stream best because they sought it out— along its warm edges, whales went to catch fish, so that was where whalers went to catch whales. Franklin now had a bit of maritime knowledge with which he could champion American know-how and defend himself against criticisms that, by living in London, he neglected his postal duties. He wrote up his cousin's testimony, sent it to his superior at the post office, and also asked Folger to mark on a chart of the Atlantic Ocean the extent and course of the Gulf Stream. Franklin forwarded this nowlost manuscript to the post office so that the chart of the Gulf Stream could be printed and distributed to all those clueless British packet boat captains. This was done and the result was the first map of the Gulf Stream, the joint handiwork of a landsman, Benjamin Franklin, eminent man of science, and his cousin, whom Franklin described as "an intelligent whaleman of Nantucket." Thus had some key knowledge about the fluid, whale-filled seas been captured and displayed on dry land. The charting of the open ocean was in fact just becoming a new and compelling area of natural science. The Franklin-Folger chart was a contribution to this trend. And Franklin later took three sets of temperature readings of the Atlantic Ocean, using a thermometer as an instrument that could locate the warm Gulf Stream as precisely as any hungry whale or sharp-eyed whaler. So, this is the "before" picture. Timothy Folger and Benjamin Franklin brought together science, seafaring, and commercial interests (in the forms of whaling and the pay-for postal service) and thus created the first chart of a significant feature of the open ocean. The forms of knowledge that would be divided in New York in 1818 were united in 1768. The "before" picture was also different because, in 1768, the American colonies were not independent American states. Rather, they still belonged to the world's top nation, as Great Britain most definitely was in the years just after the Seven Years' War, when it had gained unprecedented territorial holdings in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, commanded the world's largest and most powerful navy, and controlled astonishing amounts of revenue and trade. But those victories had a cost, and particularly a financial cost, which was why British finance ministers were trying, desperately, to pry some money out of American colonists through various taxes. A colonial tax revolt and American Revolution then reconfigured the British Empire and made the former colonists independent, not just from British politics, but from the British learned societies and individuals who had once helped sponsor science in the American colonies. This is not to say that democracy killed science in the United States. Obviously, scientific inquiry continued. But for a time it did turn inward, compared to the orientation it had had earlier, when Franklin had circulated a Nantucket whaleman's knowledge of the Atlantic Ocean within Britain and then beyond. In so doing, he had influenced discussion of the world's oceans, both among mariners and among men of science, one of his several confident contributions to a science deemed to be universally applicable to all places and universally apparent to all reasonable people, whether in Nantucket, London, or the South Seas. Now, take another look at the "after" picture, the debate over whether whales were fish. Over the course of three days in a New York courtroom, various parties aired their skepticism that all knowledge about the natural world could be universal. They usefully quarreled over whales, fish, humans, oceans— Historically Speaking • January 2009 22


Objective:To explore the elderly femoral head avascular necrosis(Avscular Necrosis of the Femoral Head,ANFH)for total hip arthroplasty(THA)and the clinical therapeutic effect of bipolar artificial femoral head replacement,and provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment.Method:112 cases of senile ischemic necrosis of femoral head of clinical treatment were analyzed retrospectively from January 2008 to March 2013,according to the condition divided the patients into two groups:group A with total hip replacement in treatment,group B used bipolar artificial femoral head treatment,compared two groups of patients with operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery down time differences. Result:Can be engaged in activities postoperatively in patients with group A was shorter than group B,group B operation time and blood loss was significantly lower than that of group A(P0.05),group B was A bipolar artificial femoral head replacement was in A good treatment effect,by X-ray examination,necrosis of joint prosthesis position without displacement,dislocation phenomenon,did not appear more serious infection,compared the results with statistical soft for processing. Conclusion:Clinical use of artificial femoral head replacement and total hip replacement has good curative effect for treatment of the elderly ischemic necrosis,from the consideration on the long-term curative effect of total hip replacement is better than a bipolar artificial femoral head replacement,but need to comprehensive analysis on the basis of the condition of the patients with the most appropriate treatment and guide clinical treatment.


It is shown that large gainlengths of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) together with collisional effects in plasmas are liable to generate modifications in population inversions and then in observed gain values. In the case of the Ne-like Se 24+ ion, one can expect a significant reduction of the J = 0–1 transition gain value at the wavelength of 18.24 nm.


Some specialties of component, such as high evolvability, implementation transparent, and limited access support, bring a great challenge for testing the systems built by externally-provided components, especially for regression testing. Built-in test design is a fairly effective way to improve component's testability. In this paper, we present a built-in regression testing method to validate the change and its impact of component-based software, which needs the mutual collaboration between the component developers and component users. Through employing preliminary experiments on some medium scale systems, our regression testing method based on built-in test design has been proven to be feasible and practical. Although our method indicates the same precision as Orso et al. 's method at statement level, it needs less exchanged information (i.e., meta-data) and test scripts, so it is more cost-effective.


Objective
To investigate metabolites associated with oocyte developmental potential in infertile patients with endometriosis (EMS).

Methods
The metabolic analysis of follicular fluid was performed on 27 EMS-related infertility patients receiving in vitro fertilization (observation group) and 28 healthy women who underwent IVF due to male factor (control group) by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).

Results
There were 28 metabolites, which were closely related to infertility associated with EMS. They were divided into four categories, including lipids, nucleotides, protein degradation fragments and the others. Fifteen metabolites such as Valyl-Arginine, Methyl-15-cyanopentadecanoate and 4-Oxo-13-cis-retinoate were up-regulated; Menadiol dibutyrate, 3-hydroxy pentanoyl carnitine, Phytosphingosine and other 13 metabolites were down-regulated.

Conclusions
In this study, we found and mapped the differential metabolite profiles of follicular fluid in the two groups, which may be an important biomarker for predicting the early developmental potential of EMS women oocytes. However, we did not find a significant correlation between subsequent embryonic quality, cumulative pregnancy rate and live birth rate.

Key words:
Endometriosis; Infertility; Follicular fluid metabolomics; Oocyte quality


History has been used as a weapon to resist, revolt and redress. Consider Marxist, feminist and other schools of thought that fit with this theme.


Background: The decline in cognition and physical fitness is common in advanced age. Objective: The relationship between cognition and aerobic capacity was compared to the relationship between cognition and balance. Methods: Twenty one females and six male residents of a Czech senior center participated in the study (mean age: 77.5 ± 7.0; range: 62-86 years). The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for assessing cognition, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) for assessing balance, and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) assessed physical fitness. Based on the MMSE scores, two groups of cognitive functioning were formed - high and low. Results: Participants in the "high MMSE" group reached a significantly higher score on the 6MWT (p = .01) than the "low MMSE" group. Group differences on the BBS were marginally significant (p = .07, d = 0.6). Conclusions: Based on this sample, the level of physical fitness can be explained by cognitive functioning, while that of balance should be further studied in its relationship to cognitive functioning.


PurposeIn order to improve the estimation accuracy of soil organic matter, this paper aims to establish a modified model for hyperspectral estimation of soil organic matter content based on the positive and inverse grey relational degrees.Design/methodology/approachBased on 82 soil sample data collected in Daiyue District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, firstly, the spectral data of soil samples are transformed by the first order differential and logarithmic reciprocal first order differential and so on, the correlation coefficients between the transformed spectral data and soil organic matter content are calculated, and the estimation factors are selected according to the principle of maximum correlation. Secondly, the positive and inverse grey relational degree model is used to identify the samples to be identified, and the initial estimated values of the organic matter content are obtained. Finally, based on the difference information between the samples to be identified and their corresponding known patterns, a modified model for the initial estimation of soil organic matter content is established, and the estimation accuracy of the model is evaluated using the mean relative error and the determination coefficient.FindingsThe results show that the methods of logarithmic reciprocal first order differential and the first-order differential of the square root for transforming the original spectral data are more effective, which could significantly improve the correlation between soil organic matter content and spectral data. The modified model for hyperspectral estimation of soil organic matter has high estimation accuracy, the average relative error (MRE) of 11 test samples is 4.091%, and the determination coefficient (R2) is 0.936. The estimation precision is higher than that of linear regression model, BP neural network and support vector machine model. The application examples show that the modified model for hyperspectral estimation of soil organic matter content based on positive and inverse grey relational degree proposed in this article is feasible and effective.Social implicationsThe model in this paper has clear mathematical and physics meaning, simple calculation and easy programming. The model not only fully excavates and utilizes the internal information of known pattern samples with "insufficient and incomplete information", but also effectively overcomes the randomness and grey uncertainty in the spectral estimation of soil organic matter. The research results not only enrich the grey system theory and methods, but also provide a new approach for hyperspectral estimation of soil properties such as soil organic matter content, water content and so on.Originality/valueThe paper succeeds in realizing both a modified model for hyperspectral estimation of soil organic matter based on the positive and inverse grey relational degrees and effectively dealing with the randomness and grey uncertainty in spectral estimation.


Wet sieving was performed to separate the sediment into five size fractions (500 μm, 500 μm 220 μm, 220 μm 63 μm, 63 μm 22 μm,22 μm ) and further separated into low (1.8 g·cm~(-3)) and high (8 g·cm~(-3)) density fractions using a cesium chloride solution having a specific gravity of 1.8±0.05 (g·cm~(-3)). These sorbents were characterized under microscope. Each size and density fractions were then analyzed for PAHs.


The high hadron fluences expected during the HL-LHC programme will impose strong constraints in terms of radiation damage on silicon detectors. New TCAD simulation models are needed to predict the expected detector performances. This review examines the challenges ahead for different types of detector devices, with emphasis on the acceptor removal effect in LGADs, surface damage in Monolithic and Strip sensors and bulk damage in all sensor types.


NTIBACTERIAL activity of acetone, ethanol and water extracts .......of parts of the indigenous in Syria wild myrtle Myrtus communis L., (root, stem, leaves, fruits) with different concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100%) was carried out against gram-positive bacteria growth which isolated and identified from the pathogenic specimens of Damascus Children's Hospital, Bacterial laboratory, using agar well diffusion method on Mueller – Hinton medium. The results showed the effect of Myrtle extracts concentration on bacterial growth, increasing concentration causes rise inhibition diameter of bacterial growth.


The emergence and popularity of 2G and 3G cellular networks as well as the high market penetration of mobile devices have created strong demands for introducing new applications in the area of mobile commerce (M-Commerce). M-Commerce deals with selling goods, services, and content, including related functions like advertising and payment transactions, over a cellular network, and hence follows similar purposes as E-Commerce in the fixed Internet. However, M-Commerce is characterized by interaction patterns between customers and services that are very different from those known from the E-Commerce area. Services are accessed via mobile devices with numeric keypads and small displays with low resolution, and hence viewing items, navigating web sites, entering URLs, or filling out forms are not as convenient as when made from a stationary PC or a notebook. In addition, mobile customers do not want to be disturbed while being occupied in a certain situation, for example, during a meeting or while driving a car. Rather, they want to shift service interactions to quiet times, for example, when waiting for a train. Due to these reasons, service interfaces as well interaction and transaction patterns for M-Commerce cannot be simply adopted from the E-Commerce area, but must be built from the scratch by utilizing new and emerging technologies. In order to make M-Commerce a success and achieve a high degree of customer acceptance, the mobile services must be designed to be as convenient as possible and to serve the customer under consideration of her current situation. Key


Plant-associated microorganisms are known to strongly influence host fitness but are poorly characterised for bananas and the soils used for their production. We have characterised the microbiomes of: 1) 17 soil types representing c. 70% of the main banana production area of Australia; 2) 55 banana genotypes; and 3) multiple plant compartments using high throughput phylogenetic marker gene sequencing. In addition, we have ranked the suppressiveness of multiple soil types to Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) and used a novel bait trapping technique to identify microorganisms that are attracted to compounds released by the pathogen. Consequently, we have identified a range of microorganisms that are associated with susceptibility and resistance to the disease. These findings will assist other projects that aim to identify on-farm management practices that encourage the establishment of Fusarium wilt suppressive banana plant and soil microbiomes under field conditions.


The mortgage log report is a requirement of the South Carolina Mortgage Lending Act. The composite information contained herein is derived from the more than 31,000 entries logged by mortgage lenders and mortgage brokers for the 2011 calendar year.


High-throughput synthesis and characterization techniques have been effective in discovering new materials and performing rapid mapping of phase diagrams. The application of the combinatorial strategy to explore doped transition-metal oxides has led to the discovery of a transparent room-temperature ferromagnetic oxide in Co-doped anatase TiO_2. The discovery has triggered a wave of studies into other metal oxide systems in pursuit of diluted magnetic semiconductors. In this article, we describe recent combinatorial studies of magnetic transition-metal oxides, germanium-based magnetic semiconductors, and Heusler alloys.


We present a compact laser system made of a hybrid Q-switched Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG microchip laser seeding an Yb-doped specialty-fiber amplifier with gain as high as 20-25 dB achieved for nanosecond single-mode pulses at 1-10-kHz repetition rate.


Emergency ultrasound (EUS) has become an integral part of emergency medicine, and the core pillars of governance, infrastructure, administration, education and quality assurance (QA) are vital for its quality and continued growth. We aimed to assess the status of these vital pillars among Australasian EDs.


This research is aimed to investigate the influence of local revenue, General Allocation and Special Aloocation Fund to ward Economic Growth. The population in thisresearch PAD, DAU, DAK and Economic Growth in regency or cityof Central Java Province in 2013-2016. The method of collecting sample is with using purposive sampling technique.The sample use in this research as much as 35x4 years or 140 years of observation. The data analyzis is using multiple linear regression model.The results of the research showed that R2 obtained a value of 0.583 which means that 58.3%Economic Growth is influenced by PAD, DAU and DAK.The remaining 41.7% influenced by variable outside the model. The result of t test indicates that PAD influenced to Economic Growth. DAU variable significance level of 0,729, while DAK variable significance level of 0,789 thereforeDAU and DAK have no effect on Economic Growth


ASTEP (Antarctica Search for Transiting ExoPlanets) is a pilot project that aims at searching and characterizing transiting exoplanets from Dome C in Antarctica and to qualify this site for photometry in the visible. Two instruments were installed at Dome C and ran for six winters in total. The analysis of the collected data is nearly complete. We present the operation of the instruments, and the technical challenges, limitations, and possible solutions in light of the data quality. The instruments performed continuous observations during the winters. Human interventions are required mainly for regular inspection and ice dust removal. A defrosting system is efficient at preventing and removing ice on the mirrors. The PSF FWHM is 4.5 arcsec on average which is 2.5 times larger than the specification, and is highly variable; the causes are the poor ground-level seeing, the turbulent plumes generated by the heating system, and to a lower extent the imperfect optical alignment and focusing, and some astigmatism. We propose solutions for each of these aspects that would largely increase the PSF stability. The astrometric and guiding precisions are satisfactory and would deserve only minor improvements. Major issues are encountered with the camera shutter which did not close properly after two winters; we minimized this issue by heating the shutter and by developing specific image calibration algorithms. Finally, we summarize the site testing and science results obtained with ASTEP. Overall, the ASTEP experiment will serve as a basis to design and operate future optical and near-infrared telescopes in Antarctica.


The changes of far-field dynamic Coulomb failure stress produced by great earthquakes in Yunnan are calculated on the basis of seismic records from 26 digital seismic stations in Yunnan by using three great earthquakes as examples including MS8.7 Indonesia earthquake,MS8.1 Kunlun earthquake and MS7.8 Gujarat earthquake in India.The far-field dynamic triggering effect of Coulomb stress changes on seismicity and their triggering characteristics are studied in Yunnan.Result shows that the dynamic Coulomb failure stress caused by the Indonesia earthquake have strong triggering effect on earthquake activity in Yunnan,the stress of Kunlun earthquake also have some triggering effect,but that of Gujarat earthquake don't have triggering effect.The physical mechanism of the different triggering effect among the three earthquakes are investigated and discussed.


We present a partially occluded facial image retrieval method based on a similarity measurement for forensic applications. The main novelty of this method compared with other occluded face recognition algorithms is measuring the similarity based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) matching between normal gallery images and occluded probe images. The proposed method consists of four steps: (i) a Self-Quotient Image (SQI) is applied to input images, (ii) Gabor-Local Binary Pattern (Gabor-LBP) histogram features are extracted from the SQI images, (iii) the similarity between two compared images is measured by using the SIFT matching algorithm, and (iv) histogram intersection is performed on the SIFT-based similarity measurement. In experiments, we have successfully evaluated the performance of the proposed method with the commonly used benchmark database, including occluded facial images. The results show that the correct retrieval ratio was 94.07% in sunglasses occlusion and 93.33% in scarf occlusion. As such, the proposed method achieved better performance than other Gabor-LBP histogram-based face recognition algorithms in eyes-hidden occlusion of facial images.


Redesigning the learning environment for the next generation of students in the health sciences requires space that is flexible, adaptable, and able to support ever‐changing technologies and new learning paradigms. Students benefit from a hands‐on, laboratory‐rich environment where students learn by doing. Students need immediate access to real data and small group workspaces, where IT is highly integrated into all aspects of the learning space.


The coastal morphology in Morodemak Village is unique since the erosion and sedimentation areas exist only in narrow area separated by the Tuntang River. Combining field measurement and the simulation based on the 10 years wind data, we investigated the characteristics of longshore current which may influence the coastal
morphology of Morodemak Village. The distribution of bottom sediment in the Morodemak Village was mainly influenced by the ocean dynamics and it was not by
the river input since there was no difference of sediment type between near and away from the river mouth. The characteristic of wind in Morodemak Village was influenced by the south east Asia monsoon system which blew north westerly during rainy season (December, January, February) and south easterly during dry season
(Jun, July, August). Longshore current in Morodemak Village only flew south west wardly, occurred during dry and transition season. In the rainy season, longshore
current was not generated since the wave breaker angle to the coastline was 0°. The river flow in the mouth of Tuntang River inhibited the speed of south west ward
longshore current so that the speed of longshore current in the western side of river mouth was weaker than in the eastern side. The stronger (weaker) longshore current
may scrap the coastal line (cause the suspended sediments easily to settle), enhanced the erosion (sedimentation) along the western coast of Morodemak Village.


For the membranes of PEMFC, perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers have been extensively applied because of their considerably higher chemical stability over hydrocarbon based polymers. However, it has been clarified that even PFSA membranes significantly deteriorate under low humidity conditions in a short period of time. Additionally, critical breakdown of the membrane also occurs at 120 oC when using conventional PFSA membranes, which have glass transition temperatures around 80 oC. Therefore, operational conditions of PEMFC are limited to low temperatures (below 80 oC) and high humidity conditions (ca. 100 % RH).


Dear Editor, The recent article by Vural et al, ''Prognostic Significance of FDG PET/CT on the Follow-up of Patients of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma With Negative I-131 WholeBody Scan and Elevated Thyroglobulin Levels'' (Clin Nucl Med 2013;37:953Y959), contains some much-needed data and interesting observations. In particular, I would like to comment on the observation that cancer patients with negative I whole-body surveys, negative FDG PET/CT scans, and elevated but suppressible serum thyroglobulin levels have a favorable prognosis and lack recurrence on follow-up. The authors hypothesize quite reasonably that there is metastatic cancer present that is suppressible by keeping thyroid-stimulating hormone levels very low. Perhaps this is true, but once a cancer has metastasized, it tends to evolve, and one might expect it to lose its thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors sooner or later. That this does not appear to be the case suggests that some other process may be going on and that the production of thyroglobulin is not from a cancer at all. Whereas the thyroid gland has been surgically removed and has undergone remnant ablation with I, not all thyroid tissue is necessarily gone. Nonfunctioning or very poorly functioning thyroglossal tract tissue, extending from the foramen cecum at the base of the tongue to the isthmus of the thyroid gland, may not take up I and self-destruct but may still synthesize thyroglobulin. This may be the source of the serum thyroglobulin. Remnants of thyroglossal tract tissue are not infrequently present in adults, but the tissue masses may be very small and not visible on CTor ultrasound examination. If this possibility were true, it would make a huge difference to the patient. Instead of thinking he is walking around with a metastatic cancer that may someday flare up and spread, he could be told that the thyroglobulin is from a benign source. Perhaps this possibility will stimulate some research to test this idea.


The article provides a description of the author's practical experience in the organization of translation practice of students of Linguistics. It discusses different types of translation practice: training practice and pre-graduation practice, identifying their place in the general structure of the educational program, their main goals and objectives. The author outlines positive and negative sides of assigning students to various institutions, including translation agencies, translation departments, and other organizations where translator's services are required. To optimize the process of training, a set of tasks has been worked out which develop professional qualities in the field of intercultural communication, translation, and research work. The structure of the tasks and their order reflect the competences essential for future graduates following the requirements of the Federal State Education Standard of Higher Education in the field of Linguistics. The tasks are of four types: 1) pre-translation analysis of the text; 2) texts for translation and further analysis of translation techniques; 3) translated texts for evaluation and correction; 4) tasks for interpretation. Pre-graduation translation practice is carried out in the educational establishment. It gives students the opportunity to study the mechanism of scientific research and its practical application. The article also identifies the role of practice supervisor and enumerates the components of the organizational and educational support.


The study of gender has remained largely a neglected area of research in sociology of most developing countries. Sociologists have generally identified problems or issues in sociology more in terms of male concerns and on the basis of male prejudice. Feminists' ideas as anywhere else, were introduced in sociology only on the margins ofthe discipline. During the last century urbanization, rise in female education, democratization of political system, spread of media of mass communication and modernization have brought far-reaching changes in the life of women across the world. Therefore, there is need to make a fresh assessment of women, more particularly of Third World countries, as people who are just as important as men from sociological perspective. The paper is a small attempt in that direction.


- This study aims to determine the role of educational professional organizations in the education system and the constraints of educational professional organizations in the education system at SMK Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli. A desciptive approach wih qualitative methodes uses this reserch. Data collection techniques in this study are interview, observation and documentation techniques. The results of the study concluded that: the role of educational professional organizations in the education system is to improve the quality of education


One way of handling nonstationarity in time series is to compute first differences and fit a model to the differenced series unless the differenced series also looks nonstationary. In that case, second- or higher-order differencing is done. To decide if the current degree of differencing is sufficient, one can look at the autocorrelation function for slow decay. A formal statistical test for the need to difference further is available if one is willing to assume that at most one more difference will render the series stationary. In this article, we present a proper sequence of statistical tests that allows the practitioner to handle cases in which a high order of differencing may be needed. The proper sequence is not the traditional sequence, which begins with a test for a single unit root.


The feeding of colostrum to newborn calves from a bucket was found to be more effective in ensuring immune globulin uptake than leaving cow and calf together for two days post partum. A marked seasonal variation in the immune globulin status of calves, which could not readily be explained by management factors, was noted during two consecutive seasons.


Libraries in communities, as an important part of cultural construction in communities, fulfill such functions as disseminating human culture, practice social education, passing on documents and information, developing intellectual resources and facilitating recreational activities in communities. It is an effective way to spread cultural and scientific knowledge among people and improve qualities of all citizens. It is suggested that only when advantages of libraries in communities can be brought into full play and problems of libraries in communities are dealt with seriously, can sustainable development of libraries in communities be achieved.


China has become a driving force in the world economy, yet East‐West cultural differences remain a problem area for many managers. This paper examines the importance of Confucianism in shaping societal values in China and how these values have affected the Chinese style of management. Confucian principles are extracted from the extant literature and used to explain the cultural underpinnings of Chinese leadership patterns, interpersonal behaviors and individual values. The longevity of Confucian influences throughout Chinese culture is a major factor in China's resistance to Western management practices. There is also evidence that mainstream Confucian principles emphasizing teamwork, relationships and strong corporate cultures are gaining traction in the West. Future Western researchers should pay increased attention to East Asian philosophies and Asian‐based religions in their attempts to understand non‐Christian lifestyles and management methods.


The Injury to the Skull and brain is a Common disease in the department of neurosurgry ,This papar reports 100 Cases of this disease, Among Which there are 55 Cases of Contusion and laceration of the brain , 41 Cases of intrecranial hematoma,One Case of Spreading Cerebral swelling and 3 Cases of Subrachnoid hemorrhage, 62Cases mentioned above have the fracture of the Skull. The auther also discusses such Questions as diagnosing the injury to the. brain stem, intracerebral hematoma, chronic Subdural hematoma and the fracture to the Skull by Way of CT.


Increasing the offtake from cattle grazed on natural rangelands has been the policy of many African governments for reasons of (a) natural resource management, (b) improving farmers' welfare, and (c) increasing overall productivity. This chapter focuses on (a) the Zambian government's policies in cattle marketing over the period from independence in 1965 to 1995 and (b) the marketing behaviour of cattle owners in Western Province. In this period the policies shifted from supporting monopolistic public marketing institutions to allowing private traders to take over all marketing functions with the discontinuation of the ailing public institutions. Attention is also paid to other factors affecting cattle marketing, such as infrastructural development and outbreaks of disease. Marketing policies and other factors are compared with Western Province data on (a) registered offtake, i.e. the sale of animals for the urban consumers' market, and (b) herd growth. The analysis shows a fluctuating, but significantly rising annual registered offtake rate, reaching 4.4 per cent in 1995. The provincial or macro perspective on cattle marketing is complemented by a study of the cattle owners' views on the sale of cattle. Data collection through a survey of 122 households took place in 1991. The analysis shows that people are only selling cattle if they have urgent requirements for substantial amounts of cash. One variable affects the propensity to sell: household self-sufficiency in crop production. The herd size does not affect the cattle owner's propensity to sell. Finally, conclusions are drawn regarding the long-term effects of government policies on cattle marketing at a provincial level and on the sales behaviour of cattle owners. The combination of the two research perspectives provides an illuminating comparison. Apparently, the time horizon of the research affects the conclusions: micro data, collected at a certain point in time, suggest a widespread reluctance to sell cattle among cattle owners, while macro data, covering a period of thirty years, show an increasing propensity to sell.


This paper focuses on the morphosyntax as well as the semantics of relativisation in Wobzi Khroskyabs, a
 Rgyalrongic language spoken in Sichuan, China. Different strategies of relativisation are presented, especially the nominalisation
 strategy. Wobzi Khroskyabs exhibits an innovative relativisation strategy with the genitive marker =ji, which is
 rarely found in other Rgyalrongic languages. Several hypotheses are put forward to account for the evolutionary pathway from
 genitivisation to relativisation, showing that genitive =ji probably followed an ergative pattern to enter the
 relativisation of core arguments.


Combined with practical work in Jingdong Expressway the construction technology of auger drill in bored pile construction is introduced as well as related quality control measures. In the end experiences are summarized.


"Sorrow" refers to the personal emotions that are intended to follow the heart and nature. From the bottom of the heart, people sigh at certain things. Through "I", they carefully taste "objects" to achieve people's subjective feelings, and emotional resonance with all things in the world. Actually, "sorrow" contains rich emotions, not just grief, but also personal emotions such as joy and anger. And "mourning" is full of exclamatory meaning, which is an innate emotional element and an aesthetic value orientation. As the mainstream aesthetic tendency of Japanese literature, "Mourning Sorrow" must be carefully scrutinized in a specific context. In Japanese literature, the spirit of "fate of grief" has risen to an aesthetic realm with some sort of character unity and natural expression. This kind of aesthetically oriented Japanese literature more or less reflects the meaning of "high purity". This paper mainly discusses the aesthetic significance of "Mourning Sorrow" in Japanese literature.


This document proposes a new approach for realizing Ethernet line
(E-Line) services over Segment Routing (SR) networks. This approach
significantly improves scalability and convergence of control plane,
and simplifies network operation. Furthermore, it naturally yields
All-Active multi-homing support for E-Line services without relying on
any overlay techniques.


Dear Sir, Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) characterized by neoplastic cells within the blood vessel lumina and occlusion of small vessels in different tissues [1,2]. The majority of the patients are presented with prominent or exclusive neurological symptoms [2–5]. Given its rarity (incidence: 1/1 million), the variety of clinical presentations and the absence of lymphoma cells in the rethiculo-endothelial system, early diagnosis is difficult, but critical for survival [2–7]. As diagnosis is provided by pathological examination of the affected tissues, particularly brain, a high index of suspicion is required. A 64-year-old man was admitted with a week history of subfebrility, dizziness and progressive confusional state. On physical examination, lymph nodes, liver and spleen were not palpated. There were no skin lesions. Body temperature was 37.8 C, blood pressure was 130/80 mmHg and pulse was 82/min with sinus rythm. Neurological examinations revealed acute confusional state, delirium with acustic and visual hallucinations and repeated, transient left-sided hemiparesis. Serum LDH (1393 U/l) and high-sensitive Creactive protein levels were elevated (hsCRP, 16.3 mg/l). Thrombocytopenia was found (82.7 · 10 platelets/l) but hemoglobin concentration was normal (135 g/l). Other blood sample tests were unremarkable including tumor, markers (PSA: 2.2 lg/l, CEA: 1.1 ng/ml; AFP: 1.1 lg/l; CA-125: 9 U/ml; CA-15-3: 15 U/ ml; CA-19-9: 3.8 U/ml) and systemic antibodies (ANA screen: 2.4 IU/ml; antidsDNA: 5.2 IU/ml; ANCA MPO3, PR3 IgG screen negative; anti-cardiolipin IgM, IgG screen negative; anti-B2-glycoprotein IgM, IgG screen negative; anti-phosphatidyl serine IgG: 4.0 U/ml, IgM: 0.7 U/ ml). Neuroimaging was performed twice. Following a negative cranial CT examination (slide thickness 4,5 mm, axial slice by slice mode with a Somatom Sensation 16 machine, Siemens, Germany), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain did not indicate either signal alteration or enhancement (axial T2 turbo spin echo, TR: 6000 ms, TE: 93 ms, echo train: 18; coronal FLAIR, TR: 9000 ms, TE: 93 ms, echo train: 16; sagittal T1 gradient echo, TR: 440 ms, TE: 2.5 ms and diffusion-weighted ADC sequences, b = 0, b = 500, b = 1000 with 4 mm slide thickness performed by Siemens Trio Tim 3.0 T MRI machine, Erlangen, Germany) (Fig. 1a). Protein content of the cerebrospinal fluid was increased (1.2 g/l) but pathological cells and oligoclonal bands examined by isoelectric focusing were not found. Based on the clinical picture and laboratory abnormalities, IVL was suspected. As MRI was negative, abdominal and pelvic CT were performed to search for extracerebral manifestations. Enlarged adrenal glands and inhomogenously enhancing enlarged prostate gland suggested malignancy (Fig. 1b and c). Transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy revealed large atypical lymphoid cells in the small venules and capillaries. After endogenous peroxidase blocking, slides were incubated with antibodies against CD3 (Dako, pre-diluted; Glostrup, Denmark), CD10 (Novocastra, 1:75; Newcastle, UK), CD20 (Novocastra, 1:400), Bcl-6 (Dako, 1:10), MUM1 (Dako, 1:30), GFAP (Bio-Genex, 1:750; San Ramon, CA, USA). The antibodies were visualized in an automated immunostainer (Ventana Medical System, Tucson, AZ, USA). Lymphoma cells were positive for CD20, MUM1, MIB-1 indicating an activated B-cell-like (ABC) phenotype (Fig. 1d). The first cycle of rituximabCHOP treatment (R-CHOP) resulted in resolution of neurological signs and normalization of laboratory parameters (LDH, CRP, platelet count). The patient has been in clinical remission for 5 months. The fever, mental state and transient neurological signs together with elevated LDH, hsCRP and thrombocytopenia were highly suggestive of IVL [2,4,6,7]. Increased protein in the CSF was also characteristic [4,6,7]. In the present case, MRI was negative despite of the clinical symptoms and signs. Brain MRI most often discloses signal alterations suggestive of small vessel ischemia or demyelination providing a site for stereotactic biopsy in IVL patients with neurological signs [6–8]. Cranial MRI may disclose non-specific hyperintense white matter lesions but are rarely normal in IVL [9–11]. Our recent case series indicated heterogeneous neuroimaging results in IVL, which may complicate diagnosis [7]. The negative MRI findings may be explained by incomplete and transitory obliteration of the small vessels. In the present case, the absence of signal alterations on MRI hindered brain biopsy. Therefore, search for extracerebral manifestations as potential biopsy sites was crucial to establish diagnosis. Abdominal CT was performed, which disclosed enlarged adrenal glands, a possible manifestation of IVL [7,8]. In addition, enhancement in the prostate, whilst PSA was normal, also suggested IVL rather than cancer, and provided a convenient site for biopsy. Rare case reports of IVL and large series of malignant lymphoma cases involving the prostate gland suggest that the diagnosis of solitary lymphoma or infiltration by a systemic lymphoma has to be taken into account if the PSA value is in the normal range [12– 17]. Prostate involvement has previously been described only in a few cases of intravascular B-cell lymphoma. In contrast to our case, the patients were referred to urology department due to lower urinary tract obstruction in those cases. Only a single patient presented neurological signs as well indicating lesions in the spinal cord [15–17]. In a review of 81 cases, prostate gland was not amongst diagnostic sites for in vivo diagnosis, indicating the rarity of prostate involvement [18]. In a recent review of eight neurological cases, no involvement of the prostate gland has been described [4]. In our recent case series, prostate gland was not affected [7]. Diffuse, CD20+ large B-cell lymphomas are known to be morphologically and immuno-phenotypically heterogeneous and can be divided into subtypes based on the expression of the late stage of B-cell


ABSTRACT Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) have received extensive attention in recent years because of its harmfulness and resource. In this work, two-step leaching process was carried out by using steel pickling waste liquor (SPWL) as the leaching agent. The leaching solution contains a variety of metals, especially iron, which will have an effect on the recovery of copper. Acorga M5640 (M5640) extractant with a kerosene diluent was used to recover copper from WPCBs leach solution, and the separation factor is adopted to analyze the effects of these metal ions. The effect of different parameters such as pH of aqueous phase, phase ratio (O/A), M5640 concentration, contact time as well as the concentration of H2SO4 as stripping reagent were investigated. Over 90.0% copper was extracted with pH 1.1, phase ratio (O/A) 1/1, M5640 concentration 16%, contact time 3 min at room temperature. For the stripping process, the 60 s contact time and 2.5 mol/L H2SO4 concentration are suitable with 90.0% stripping percentage of copper. Copper extraction isotherm accords with Langmuir isotherm equation and the results show that iron is the most influential metal ion for copper extraction, which will reduce the theoretical saturation of the extractant. The extractant M5640 has excellent reuse performance and can be recycled more than 10 times, which demonstrated M5640 has the industrial application value in the extraction of copper from WPCBs leach solution.


The birth of the Portuguese school system can be situated during Pombal's reform of education. The process did not happen in isolation. Besides the Companhia de Jesus' high schools, which were extinguished, there were private colleges for the teaching of Latin, Greek and Rhetoric. Students had to pay a fee and used facilities in teachers' homes. What place did Pombal bestow to these disciplines and to the new colleges? Which models were adopted? Kenneth Maxwell, Marquês de Pombal, paradoxo do iluminismo (Rio de Janeiro, 1996), p. 96. The contents of the first step of Pombal's reform stretched from 1759 to 1769. After the closing of the colleges of the Companhia de Jesus and of Évora University, the birth of high school education started with the foundation of feeless schools of Latin, Greek and Rhetoric, in order to secure a medium level of instruction and preparation for university education. The reform included another branch of education: a School of Commerce (Lisbon), and a School of Navigation and Drawing (Porto) were founded. These schools were aimed first of all at children and grandchildren of tradespeople. Pombal also tried to meet the educational needs of the aristocracy: Nobles College (and later Mafra College) was opened. In that period, the colony of Brazil had, at the secondary level of education, some Latin and Rhetoric schools. A number of teachers were sent to Pernambuco and others were hired to cover Bahia's needs in the field. The lack of teachers, mainly of Rhetoric and Greek Grammar, was a serious problem. The implantation of reforms in the Brazilian colony was much harder than in Portugal. Schoolbooks were hardly available and the payment of teachers caused many administrative complications that produced reactions from the students' families. So the teachers used old banned schoolbooks and equally old methods. Between Portugal and the colony in Brazil sharp differences existed in the implantation of the school system and the system's structure. In spite of the intense mercantile activities of Brazilian harbours, the colony would only have a School of Commerce in 1809, while in Lisbon such an institution had already opened 50 years before. One could point to other differences. Brazil was never allowed to have a college like Nobles College. The teaching of experimental physics was never integrated in the institution. There was only one ex‐Jesuit who gave classes at home. On the colleges' front, one must single out the unique case of Olinda, whose seminary was found by bishop Azeredo Coutinho, one of the most remarkable Illuminist personalities of Portugal and Brazil. In 1772 the school system was completed with the creation of Reading, Writing and Counting schools and the adoption of the disciplines of Natural Philosophy and Religion at the secondary level of education. At university level, besides the innovations made in the Faculty of Theology and in the University of Canon and Civil Law, a broad role was recognized for the teaching of experimental physics, chemistry, botanic and zoology, as well as mathematics. This was the reason for the creation of the Philosophy and Mathematics Faculties, with enough resources to guarantee a realistic education. In the Brazilian colony, teaching of a scientific orientation was undertaken through the creation of military courses. Courses of Mathematics resulted from artillery education at the end of the seventeenth century (1698) and immediately after that courses in Military Architecture were taught. In the eighteenth century, the Royal Court stimulated the creation of military courses in Brazil and other colonies. In spite of our ignorance of the results of the King's determinations, we know that military schools were founded in 1714, in Bahia, and in 1778 in Pernambuco. In this last city the Military Academy was founded, whose traces were still evident in 1812. But it was in Rio de Janeiro that this education branch was developed further, evolving later into the Royal Academy of Military Architecture and Drawing. Due to the arrival in Rio de Janeiro of Queen Maria the First and her son, the future João the Sixth, the capital went through an intense process of cultural development. In 1808 the Navy Academy was founded, with all available scientific tools, books and machines, copying the Lisbon model. It opened its first courses in 1809: mathematics, physics, artillery, navigation and drawing. This institution would eventually be substituted by the Navy School and Naval College. In 1810, the Rio de Janeiro Military Academy was instituted, which later gave rise to the Polytechnic School and the Campo Grande Shooting School. High schools were first created in Portugal in 1836. Criticizing Pombal's heritage, some people were convinced that this branch of public education was forming a group of sterile knowledge, almost useless to the science culture, and lacking material that could contribute to the progress of the country's material civilization. Therefore the curriculum in the National Plan of High Schools included scientific and humanistic subjects, as well as technical subjects. The implantation of high schools is a process that finished only around 1860. Until that date, in several places, Pombal's old isolated schools of secondary education remained alive. In Brazil the process was also painful. Only two seminary schools were active and Latin lessons were dispersed throughout the territory. Much needed was an overall plan that would consolidate this level of education. Later, the Pedro the Second College would be organized conforming with the French lycée model. But nothing stopped the old isolated courses, independent of institutions, from continuing to exist, sometimes in a brilliant way. Our conclusions are only provisional. At present, we can state that the development of high schools in Portugal and in the colony of Brazil followed a path that was a legacy from the past. After Independence, education adopted several different guidelines, which, in their turn, moulded future initiatives.


Here the experiment was carried out with different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) in alba and rosea varieties of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. to determine the changes that occurring in antioxidant potentials and to evaluate the possibility of increasing the anti-hypertension alkaloid, ajmalicine, present in the roots. The two varieties were evaluated by using four different concentrations of NaCl (25, 50, 100 and 200 mM) treatment in pot culture, which were repeated in four different stages of growth like 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after sowing (DAS). The plants were uprooted randomly on 90 DAS and the non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid (AA), reduced glutathione (GSH), -tocopherol ( -toc)) and ajmalicine content were analysed. High salinity caused an enhancement in total AA contents. GSH content decreased insignificantly only at NaCl concentration of 25 mM and increased at higher concentration treatments. The -toc content had no significant change under 25 mM NaCl but increased under high salinity regimes. NaCl treatment significantly increased the content of root alkaloid ajmalicine in both the varieties. The increase in ajmalicine content was resulted from the increased secondary metabolite production in the plant under salinity stress. Therefore it can be concluded that, C. roseus is an ideal plant for cultivation in salt affected areas in order to obtain maximum amount of secondary metabolites. 22 molecules cause rapid cell damage by triggering off a commonly two varieties in this plant based on the flower chain reaction. Cellular damage or oxidative injury arising colour viz., pink flowered rosea and white flowered alba. from free radicals or ROS now appears the fundamental Efforts are on to develop superior pharmaceutical varieties mechanism underlying a number of human diseases (2-5). of C. roseus plants by using a number of approaches. In Antioxidants are radical scavengers, which protect the industrial crops such as medicinal plants the content human body against free radicals that may cause of the economically important metabolite is more pathological conditions such as anaemia, asthma, arthritis, important than the yield of the plant part containing the inflammation, neuro-degeneration, Parkinson's diseases, metabolite, as it determines the cost of its extraction. mongolism, ageing process and perhaps dementias (3-6). The Catharanthus alkaloids have attracted considerable Free radicals can be scavenged through chemoprevention attention of researchers due to their high price and low utilizing natural antioxidant compounds present in foods contents in the plant (10-12). The cell and tissue culture shown to have both chemopreventive and/or therapeutic


This article analyzes how a party's policy statements affect voters' perceptions of where the party stands on a given issue. I argue that voters do not take a party's statements at face value because these messages can be a strategic tool to win elections. Voters discount popular statements because they may respond to vote-seeking incentives rather than reflect the party's sincere views. Espousing unpopular policies has less instrumental value in obtaining more votes and therefore is more credible. I have tested this argument with a survey experiment fielded in the United Kingdom that exposes respondents to Conservative and Labour Party statements on immigration and the National Health Service. I report evidence that popular statements tend to have a weaker effect on voter perceptions than unpopular ones. This finding suggests a paradox: the more a party needs to change its reputation in order to gain votes, the stronger the voters' skepticism.


An argument of whether to pull down the old building and build new apartments or to protect the revival of historical sotto portico has been on for more than 6 years in the historical sotto portico street of Enning Road,which is known for its Guangzhou Opera.Theories such as "Famous City","Planning" and "Protection" are a little under voiced in front of the oncoming demolishing and building phase.Experts and scholars have written lots of articles to present the importance of protecting the street which is famous for Guangzhou Opera.But could this appeal struggle to its success and make people realize they are not doing the right things in the end?


Abstract : This report includes the following: (1) Influence of compressive strength and wall thickness on behavior of concrete cylindrical hulls under hydrostatic loading; (2) Influence of end-closure stiffness on behavior of concrete cylindrical hulls subjected to hydrostatic loading; (3) Influence of stiff equatorial rings on concrete spherical hulls subjected to hydrostatic loading; (4) Failure of thick-walled concrete spheres subjected to hydrostatic loading; (5) Behavior of 66-inch concrete spheres under short- and long-term hydrostatic loading; (6) Long-term deep-ocean test of concrete spherical structures-Part I: Fabrication, emplacement, and initial inspections; (7) Long- term, deep-ocean test of concrete spherical structures-results after 6 years; and (8) Handbook for design of undersea, pressure-resistant concrete structures.


In response to the desire for more accurate analyses of traffic engineering problems and to the more ready availability of computing power to be applied to such analyses, it is not only natural but also very appropriate that the profession has developed increasingly sophisticated techniques for traffic planning, design and control. Nevertheless, many situations still exist in which quick and appropriate analyses, perhaps on the traditional 'back of the envelope' are most appropriate. These include meeting or discussion situations in which the traffic engineer must 'think on his or her feet' to respond to questions or comments from fellow participants; preliminary planning, requiring consideration of several alternative solutions and quick identification of those which are inferior or superior; and initial stages of design, where approximate methods are employed to reach a starting point for more detailed analysis. The ability to carry out such analyses is one of the hallmarks of the experienced traffic engineer who usually has built up a collection of 'rules of thumb', 'top of the head' figures and 'short cut' methods of calculation which form the basis of this ability. Each of these people has his or her favourite rules and methods which, when accumulated across the whole profession, embody a wealth of experience of potential value to us all. It is an effort to tap this experience that the items listed on the following pages have been assembled, through contact with many of the more experienced traffic engineers in Australia. A wide variety of subject areas is covered, but the collection is probably far from comprehensive. Also, some readers may disagree with certain facts, figures or methods quoted. Hence, comments, criticisms and especially suggestions for further items to be included would be welcomed by the author. In relation to discussion of the content of the paper, it is noted that due to the derivation of the majority of the material from personal communications, a conscious decision was made that no sources would be cited for any item, even though it would have been possible in some cases (A).


A method for post-treatment of a carbon material simply and efficiently is provided to increase capacitance of a carbon material for capacitor electrodes prepared by a chemical activation process or a steam activation process, and a carbon material for capacitor electrodes prepared by the method is provided. A method for post-treatment of a carbon material comprises the steps of: (1) adding at least 100 weight parts of quinoline to 100 weight parts of a carbon material to mix the quinoline with the carbon material; and (2) heat-treating a mixture obtained in the step(1) at a temperature of 600 deg.C or lower. The carbon material is activated carbon. The quinoline is added to the carbon material in the amount of 100 to 150 weight parts with respect to 100 weight parts of the carbon material. The heat treatment process is performed at a temperature of 300 to 600 deg.C. A carbon material for capacitor electrodes is prepared by the method for post-treatment of the carbon material and comprises 3 to 8 wt.% of nitrogen.