This research is an experimental confirmation of the theoretical model, presented by M.G. Beghi, C.E. Bottani and G. Cagliotti, realized due to the contact less method of temperature measurement and conversion. The effects of thermomechanical coupling occurring in austenitic steel, polyamide and shape memory alloys were examined. The change of character of the samples temperature was applied as a criterion for the limit between the elastic and plastic regimes. The thermal effects concomitant with thermoelastic unloading were also quite precisely evaluated. The obtained results indicate on both qualitative and quantitative differences between thermomechanical behaviors of the materials subjected to deformation. TiNi shape memory alloy was tested both at room and at elevated temperatures. The temperature distribution on the surface of specimen examined at ambient temperature was uniform, while for the specimen deformed at elevated temperature the areas of higher temperature were registered. There are probably the regions of creation and developing of the new - martensite phase.


In this paper, we consider the aggregating pattern-dynamics arising in the chemotaxis model. The purpose of this work is to analyze the chemotactic effects due to the gradient of the chemotactic sensitivity and the shape of the interface. Conditions for the existence of stationary solutions and Hopf bifurcation in the interfacial problem as the bifurcation parameter vary are obtained analytically in one-dimensional space.


Glycerol transesterification using propylene carbonate (PC) to glycerol carbonate (GC) could be efficiently performed under solvent-free conditions using solid base as catalysts involving non-noble metal oxide in combination with hydrotalcites (HTs). Among all of the catalysts studied for transesterification, the best result was obtained over a calcium-doped hydrotalcite (Ca-HT) catalyst, giving 84% conversion of glycerol and almost complete GC selectivity. The crystal structure of HT was modified by incorporation of Ca and La into HT, as revealed by X-ray diffraction studies. The temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide study confirmed the presence of the highest basic site density in terms of 1.94 mmol of CO2 desorbed/g of catalyst, responsible for its higher transesterification efficiency of the Ca-HT catalyst. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study showed peaks at 3036 and 3042 cm–1 for Ca-HT and lanthanum-doped hydrotalcite (La-HT), respectively, confirming the presence of hydro...


This memorandum discusses a proposal for funding to do research on the heating of thermonuclear fuels to ignition temperatures by means of intense focused laser radiation. Technical comments are provided as to the proposal.


Raman spectroscopic data for light, heavy, and mixed water are used to explain the molecular motion in liquid water and to evaluate the dynamics of hydrogen bonding.


♦ Di Guglielmo MD, et al. Pediatrics 2013;131:e1632-e1638[OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2].

Adding a general pediatrician to the gastroenterology (GI) division of a children's hospital to see patients with low to moderately complex complaints increased access to care and led to high


Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-1400 / Duplex study of the cavernosal arteries in assessment of different causes of impotence  " by: "A. M. H. El-Sharkawy, A. M. R. Khalil, K. Hafez; Tanta/EG"


Woven fabric composites with a thermoplastic matrix form a class of promising materials for industrial use, due to their balance of properties. They combine excellent mechanical performance with ease of processing. Failure behavior of notched woven fabric composites shows a number of peculiarities, the most notorious being the dependence of notched tensile strength on notch radius below a certain hole size. This dependence, which is observed for all fiber reinforced composites, has been modelled by other authors with the aid of semi-empirical continuum mechanics models. If at all based on physical principles, the modelled fracture process rarely coincides with experimentally observed failure phenomena. This study investigates failure of notched woven fabric (0-90)4, E-glass laminates with a PETP matrix. A model is proposed which is, unlike other previous modelling efforts, related to experimentally observed fracture phenomena. It introduces the ineffective length of a critical element in the notch root, obtained by a simple shear lag-type analysis. The notched strength is shown to depend on the ratio of notch radius to the critical element ineffective length. The model is able to predict changes in notched strength with composite parameters like fiber volume fraction, fiber bundle diameter and interfacial or matrix shear strength, and takes into account the composite microstructure.


A chemical class fractionation method was developed to separate synfuels into fractions according to chemical functionality: i.e., aliphatic hydrocarbons; neutral polycyclic aromatic compounds containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASH), and polycyclic aromatic oxygen heterocycles (PAOH); secondary nitrogen polycyclic aromatic heterocycles (i.e. carbazole); amino polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (APAH), and tertiary nitrogen polycyclic aromatic heterocycles (i.e. acridine); and hydroxyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAH). The neutral fraction was further treated in order to isolate the PASH fraction for additional studies of this class of compounds. Isolated PASH fractions of synfuels were analyzed by gas chromatography with SE-52 capillary columns. However, the isomeric PASH needed greater resolution than provided by these columns. Studies were conducted using Superox 20M for 3-ring PASH, and mixed phases of liquid crystals with SE-52 or a poly(mesogen/methyl)- siloxane for 3-, 4-, and 5-ring PASH. Sulfur-selective detection was used for preliminary screening for sulfur compounds in the PASH fraction, while gas chromatographic mass spectrometry was useful for assigning molecular weights. Over 100 PASH were synthesized, and the retention indices of these PASH were measured and compared with those determined from synthetic fuel fractions. Three-, four- and five-ring standard PASH were tested for mutagenic activity using themore » Ames method. The results provide a good picture of the PASH in various synthetic fuels and should be valuable in understanding the composition and environmental consequences of the PASH in synfuel products. 203 references.« less


Even a linguistically naive speaker can identify how many syllables there are in a given string, but linguists have not succeeded in determining a simple phonetic correlate that will identify a syllable and boundaries between syllables. It is probably for this reason that the syllable has often been considered quite unimportant, especially by such early generative phonologists as Chomsky and Halle (1968), and thought as playing no role at the more abstract levels of phonology. However, the reality and necessity of the syllable as an operational unit in phonology have been advanced recently by other linguists, e.g., Pulgram (1970), McCawley (1968), Hoard (1971), Vennemann (1972), Hooper (1972), Lehiste (1970), K. O. Kim and Shibatani (1974), who take the view that the phonological description of certain languages often could achieve generality, naturalness, and explanatory adequacy only if stated in terms of syllables. One new and important aspect of syllabi fication that has been proposed recently is that it is done not only on the phonetic basis but also with reference to different grammatical boundaries.


This paper shares CLP Power's experience in studying the electromagnetic compatibility of 132 kV cable in vehicular tunnels and the mitigation measures to minimize the impact of magnetic fields and induced voltages on communication cables to meet stake holders' requirements.


Green's function analyses of ion acoustic waves in streaming plasmas show that, in general, the waves damp algebraically rather than exponentially with distance from exciter.


This paper presents a preliminary research on the piping vibration and pressure pulsation of reciprocating compressor piping system.On the basis of plane wave theory,the calculation of gas column natural frequency and pressure pulsation in complex pipelines is done by using the transfer matrix method and stiffness matrix method,respectively.With the discretization method of FEM,a mathematical model for cal-culating the piping vibration and stress of reciprocating compressor piping system is established,and proper boundary conditions are proposed.Then the structural modal and stress of the piping system are calculated with CAESAR Ⅱ.The comparison of measured and calculated values found that the one dimensional wave equation can accurately calculate the natural frequency and pressure pulsation in gas column of piping system for reciprocating compressor.


The invention rice powder of 10 wt% to 30 alpha of 0.02% by weight to 0.5% by weight to the weight% of rice slurry preparation step for preparing the rice slurry at a temperature of the amylase was added 1 minute to 40 minutes during the 60 ℃ to 80 ℃ and, the rice slurry sugar of the 3% to 5% by weight of the rice slurry produced in the manufacturing process and, of 4% to 8% by weight of starch syrup and 5% to 20% by weight of oil cream, 7% by weight and to the 10% by weight of skim milk, a mixture of 0.2% to 0.4% by weight stabilizer, and 3% to 5% by weight of fruit concentrate and, by homogenization by the addition of 40.1% to 52.68% by weight water, the ice cream mix in the manufacturing process for producing the ice cream mix, and the sterilization process, the temperature of 3 ℃ ~5 ℃ the ice cream mix sterilization in the sterilization step of sterilizing the ice cream mix was prepared in ice cream mix manufacturing process at a temperature of 75 ℃ ~85 ℃ and the aging step of aging, the A molding process for the ice cream mix are aged in the success information by filling the ice cream produced in the ice-cream manufacturing process and, ice-cream manufacturing process for preparing ice cream by Gong free from ice cream maker for 10 minutes to 15 minutes in the molding machine molded to shape and, characterized in that the ice cream made molded article molded into a specific shape in the molding step at a temperature not higher than -30 ℃ the freezing step of freezing 24 hours.


Growth (growth) is a quantitative change, which is increasing the number, size, dimensions at the level of cells, organs, and individuals, one of the important factors that influence child development is nutritional factors. The root of the nutritional problem is the economic, political and social crisis in society, causing food shortages, poverty and high rates of inflation and unemployment. This study aims to determine the growth picture (BB / U, TB / U, BB / TB) of children aged 4-5 years at Kindergarten Endah Bandar Lor, Mojoroto District, Kediri City.
The design of this research is descriptive with cross sectional approach. The population of all children aged 4-5 years at Kindergarten Endah Bandar Lor, Mojoroto District, Kediri City. The sampling technique used was Total Sampling, so a sample of 28 children was obtained. The research variable is the growth of children aged 4-5 years. data collection using observation sheets, measuring height and weight. Data processing by editing, coding, scoring, tabulating. Data were analyzed using percentages.
This research was conducted on 28 respondents with the results of Height / Age 25 respondents in the normal category, Weight / Age 21 respondents in the category of good nutrition, Weight / Height 20 respondents in the Normal category
It is expected that health workers are more active in providing counseling about child development to the community.
From the results of this study it can be concluded that the growth of children aged 4-5 years old at TK Endah Bandar Lor is normal. It is expected that health workers will collaborate with the school and parents for monitoring and stimulating children's growth.


A digital boxcar integrator of multiple sampling type which has a maximum sampling rate of 10 MByte/s has been developed. The efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of the number of sampling pulses applied during each cycle of a signal waveform to the total number of sampling points needed to cover a cycle of signal waveform, has been improved to 25% for a sampling time duration of 25 ns. The accumulation of a sampled signal at such a high rate has been accomplished by the parallel operation of 16 newly developed memory circuit blocks, each having arithmetic capability. As a demonstration, the present system was applied in optical coherent transient spectroscopy and shown to be far more efficient than a conventional boxcar integrator.


As an increasing number of small firms engage in international activities, many maiiagers are faced with the issue of how to obtain the best possible export performance with limited resources. Focusing on export strategy, the study by 0ystein Moen identifies three key factors for export success: distribution efficiency, product quality, and personal selling. Distribution efficiency relates to the importance of having motivated, competitive and competent distribution channels. Product quality relates to products having a competitive edge compared to competitors. Personal selling relates to the importance of a presence in the market; through direct contact with customers as well as through one's motivation and training of distributors. Results showed that small firms size was negatively affecting export performance, iniplyiiig less success for the smallest firms. However, in order to use their limited resources most effectively the small firms often develop a niche focus strategy-and on a more consistent basis than larger firms do. Further, the smallest firms often combine the niche focus strategy with attention to personal selliiig and a focus upon high product quality. 'Then, the smallest firins concentrate on small market segments, offering high quality products and maintain a high personal involvement with regard to these segments. From the inanagement point of view, the concentration of resources on small niches could be considered extremely challenging due both to internal and external factors.


A improved process for preparing the insoluble molecular imprinted polymers (MIP): a) 1) substantially all bound to the template agent, 2) can be separated in a chromatography process using a packed bed chromatography such a size to provide a soluble or semi-soluble MIP, b) insoluble, to obtain the MIP binding to the template agent, to crosslink the soluble MIP binding to the template agent provided in step a, c ) optionally isolating the resulting MIP by crosslinking of step b involves concentrating or purifying provides methods. In an interesting embodiment, step a comprises an affinity purification technique, thereby, MIP provided in step a is actually that all the binder template is ensured.


However, the device application of superconductors has long been hindered. The largest obstacle is the necessity of a huge and expensive cooling system with liquid helium, because of the low Tc of conventional superconductors, which is close to absolute zero (0 K, 273 °C). It has also been a big challenge to realize the high-density integration of superconductors into electronic devices. In order to overcome these problems, it is definitely necessary to develop a new superconductor with higherTc, that can be fabricated into a thin film.


Diabetes screening strategies using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as first‐instance diagnostic parameter may cause failure to detect individuals with abnormal glucose regulation and possible signs of microvascular complications despite "rule‐out" HbA1c levels. This cross‐sectional study examined the diagnostic performance of HbA1c in relation to fasting and two‐hour postload plasma glucose (FPG/2 h‐PG), and investigated whether individuals with normal HbA1c but abnormal FPG/2 h‐PG have a higher prevalence of moderately increased albuminuria as possible sign of early stage kidney damage.


Poultry litter has been used as an economical nitrogen (N) source in ruminant diets. However, litter must be processed to eliminate pathogens. Broiler poultry litter was processed by three different deep-stack methods: (1) uncovered, (2) covered with 0.1524 mm clear polyethylene, and (3) aerated by placing perforated pipe 1 m apart within the stack. Stack temperature was measured for 28 days. The litter was used to formulate experimental diets (186 g litter per kg), while the control diet contained urea as the N source. All diets contained 100 g/kg cottonseed hulls, 16 to 17 g/kg limestone, varying amounts of cracked maize and added retinol. The control diet contained 131 g/kg crude protein (CP) while the litter diets contained 125 g/kg CP. The diets were offered to 16 crossbred wether lambs (37 (s.e. 6·1) kg) in individual metabolism crates for 16 days. Blood was collected at the initiation and termination of the trial. Covering litter with plastic decreased temperature ivithin the stack ( P 0·05) among the diets. Apparent digestibility for N was less ( P 0·05). Covering deep-stacked broiler poultry litter improved N digestibility by proportionately 0·15 compared with uncovered litter. Serum chloride was decreased while serum urea was increased ( P


Endotracheal administration of at least 2 mg of adrenaline is recommended in adults if intravenous access cannot be attained during resuscitation (1). It is an accepted and frequently used alternative to intravenous administration. Studies in animals have suggested that endotracheal doses of adrenaline must be at least 10 times greater than intravenous doses (2, 3). However, three previous studies failed to show any effects after endotracheal administration of 0.03 to 1 mg of adrenaline in adults (4-6). These authors concluded that the endotracheal route should not be used for administration of adrenaline during resuscitation (6), thereby contradicting international recommendations (1). We hypothesized that the doses of endotracheal adrenaline used in these studies (4-6) were too low to have any effect. Therefore, we investigated the effect of 100 times the effective central intravenous dose of adrenaline on adrenaline plasma levels and hemodynamic variables in patients with cardiac disease who received implantable cardioverter defibrillators under general anesthesia. Methods The study group consisted of 34 patients (5 women, 29 men) who received implantable cardioverter defibrillators for the first time (n =8) or had them replaced (n =26) under general anesthesia. The mean (SD) patient age was 63 10 years (range, 38 to 77 years). All patients had coronary artery disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, or other cardiac diseases, and most had an ejection fraction that was less than 40% (mean ejection fraction SD, 34.5% 14.9% [range, 15% to 70%]). All patients were at high risk for cardiac arrest because of ventricular arrhythmia, and 18 patients had been resuscitated before study entry. Eighteen patients were receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 15 patients were receiving sotalol, 7 patients were receiving amiodarone, 4 patients were receiving verapamil, and 3 patients were receiving -blockers. A polygraph recorder continuously recorded 5-lead electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, capnometry, central intravenous pressure, and radial artery pressure. All hemodynamic data were abstracted from these continuous recordings. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, 0.05 to 0.2 mg/kg of body weight; etomidate, 0.3 mg/kg; and propofol, 0.5 to 3 mg/kg. Atracurium, 0.5 mg/kg, was used for muscle relaxation. After endotracheal intubation, the lungs were ventilated with 100% oxygen. Anesthesia was maintained with 1.3 to 8 mg/kg of propofol per hour (mean SD, 4.1 1.9 mg/kg per hour) and 0.4 to 8.7 g/kg of remifentanil per hour (4.0 2.16 g/kg per hour). While adequate anesthesia was maintained, the volume status was adjusted to keep the mean arterial pressure above 80 mm Hg. If mean arterial pressure decreased below 80 mm Hg, adrenaline was given. To standardize the adrenaline dose according to effectiveness, we determined the central intravenous dose necessary to increase mean arterial pressure by at least 10 mm Hg. We started with 0.1 g/kg of adrenaline (5) and increased the dose until the mean arterial pressure increased sufficiently. When mean arterial pressure decreased below 80 mm Hg, 100 times the effective intravenous dose of adrenaline (mean SD, 1.3 0.6 mg [range, 0.7 to 3 mg]) was diluted in 10 mL of saline and administered slowly over 5 seconds into the airways, followed by 10 forced ventilations. In the first 17 patients, adrenaline was administered into the peripheral airways through a bronchial catheter; in the remaining 17 patients, adrenaline was administered directly into the endotracheal tube. The patients' clinical characteristics did not differ between groups (data not shown). For application into the peripheral airways, a central intravenous catheter was inserted using radiologic imaging until wedge position was achieved (23.2 3.1 cm [range, 18.5 to 27.0 cm] distal to the end of the endotracheal tube). When mean arterial pressure increased to 120 mm Hg after adrenaline administration, nitroglycerin was given. To determine adrenaline and noradrenaline levels, plasma samples were collected from the second lumen of the central intravenous line immediately before adrenaline administration; 0.5, 2, 3, and 5 minutes after intravenous administration; and 0.5, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 20 minutes after airway administration. Samples were recovered in chilled EDTA test tubes, stored on ice, and centrifuged at 4 C within 30 minutes. Separated plasma was frozen at 20 C until analysis. Catecholamines were electrochemically detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography with a commercially available analysis kit (7). Results are expressed as the mean SD (range). We used the MannWhitney U test to determine differences between the two patient groups and the Wilcoxon rank test for comparison within groups. The ethics committee at Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany, approved the study. Each patient gave informed consent before study entry. Institutional funding was obtained for catecholamine analysis. Results Airway administration of adrenaline significantly increased adrenaline plasma levels and arterial blood pressure in all patients (Figure). Adrenaline plasma levels increased more than 200-foldfrom 0.26 0.21 nmol/L (range, 0.05 to 0.71 nmol/L) to 57.9 56.8 nmol/L (range, 8.2 to 205.8 nmol/L) (P =0.0015). Mean arterial pressure increased almost 100% (P <0.001), and heart rate increased from 64.0 12.6 beats/min (range, 40 to 100 beats/min) to a maximum of 79.7 20.5 beats/min (range, 50 to 140 beats/min) (P <0.001). Twenty minutes after airway administration, 30.8% 18.6% (range, 8.4% to 76.1%) of the peak adrenaline plasma concentration was still detected. Noradrenaline plasma levels did not increase during the observation period but decreased 2 minutes after airway administration, from 1.95 1.0 nmol/L (range, 0.77 to 4.32 nmol/L) to 1.60 0.65 nmol/L (range, 0.35 to 2.36 nmol/L) (P <0.01). Baseline values and effects did not differ between groups (Figure, Table) or between patients in whom catecholamines were measured and those in whom they were not (data not shown). Figure. Effect of adrenaline on mean arterial blood pressure. Top. CV ET Bottom. PB Table. Adrenaline Doses, Plasma Levels, and Hemodynamic Variables Airway administration of adrenaline resulted in higher adrenaline plasma levels and greater mean arterial pressurebut not higher heart ratesthan central intravenous adrenaline. A delayed response was seen when adrenaline was administered through the airways (Table). Twenty-one patients received nitroglycerin to counteract blood pressure increases after receiving airway adrenaline (total dose per patient, 1.15 1.14 mg [range, 0.1 to 3.6 mg]). Nitroglycerin doses did not differ between groups. Myocardial perfusion, as reflected by electrocardiography, was not impaired after adrenaline administration, but five patients had short bursts of ventricular tachycardia with up to eight consecutive beats. No patient developed sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Six patients died of cardiac failure 2 to 16 months after study entry. Discussion This is the first prospective study to demonstrate that administration of adrenaline into the airways is hemodynamically effective and increases plasma adrenaline levels in adults. In contrast to studies in animals, previous studies in adult patients have not shown any effects with adrenaline (4-6). In our study, however, all patients responded. Standard recommendations state that in adults, at least 2 mg of adrenaline should be administered endotracheally if intravenous access cannot be attained during resuscitation (1). We administered approximately 70% of the recommended dose through the airways. This dose was higher than doses used in previous studies (4-6), which may explain the substantial effects we observed. Our observations support the recommendation to consider the airways as an alternate route for adrenaline administration during resuscitation. In our study, a general endogenous release of catecholamines after adrenaline administration was avoided by maintaining sufficient anesthesia, as indicated by the course of noradrenaline plasma concentrations. In contrast to observations in animals (8), we found that both airway routes were equally effective. This may be because slower injection distributed fluids to a smaller lung surface and more forced manual ventilation allowed a more peripheral distribution of fluids (9). Peripheral bronchial administration of adrenaline through a catheter, which is cumbersome and time-consuming, seems unnecessary. In animals, equal hemodynamic responses were seen after airway administration of 10 times the intravenous dose (2, 3). We administered 100 times the effective central intravenous dose through the airways, which resulted in adrenaline plasma levels that were three times higher and mean arterial blood pressure that was 1.3 times compared with central intravenous administration. Because 21 of 34 patients required nitroglycerin to counteract blood pressure responses, 100 times the effective intravenous dose may be excessive. However, after airway administration of adrenaline, maximum heart rate responses did not differ compared with central venous administration. This may indicate a reduced cardiac sensibility to higher adrenaline levels because of cardiac disease and long-term medications; it could also be related to pressoreceptor reflexes. In contrast to data from animals (2, 3), we observed a delayed response after airway administration of adrenaline compared with central intravenous administration. Furthermore, plasma adrenaline levels and blood pressure responses varied considerably after airway administration. In patients experiencing cardiac arrest, a more pronounced delay, greater variation, and less effectiveness can be expected because low pulmonary blood flow reduces drug absorption from the lungs. Therefore, the extrapolation of our observations to patients in cardiac arrest is limited. In addition, pati


Design and the effective implementation of new technologies at transit stations is being undermined by misalignment between the objects, interfaces, services, apps and solutions designed for a model user and an actual user's needs. An overview of methods to help managers and designers model their choices for station wayfinding on real-life situations is provided in this article.


This paper analyses the influence of the prescribed DC-link voltage on the filtering efficiency, in terms of current harmonic distortion after compensation, in a three-phase three-wire shunt active power line conditioner. The AC voltage controller as nonlinear load and two configurations of the coupling filter are taken into consideration. It is pointed out that, for each rms current to be compensated, there is an optimal set value of the DC-link voltage which minimizes the supply current distortion after compensation. Experimental tests validate the simulation results.


Significance Despite intensive therapy, the cure rate for children diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma is still below 50%, accentuating the need for more effective therapies. Recurrent somatic mutations are relatively infrequent in neuroblastoma. We show that approximately 30% of neuroblastoma contains mutations in genes regulating Rho/Rac signaling. The mutations may be associated with activation of downstream Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs). High ROCK2 expression is associated with poor patient survival. Inhibition of ROCK activity suppresses the growth of neuroblastoma in preclinical in vivo models. ROCK inhibitors induce differentiation of neuroblastoma cells partly by glycogen synthase kinase 3β-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of MYCN proteins. These findings suggest that inhibitors of ROCK may represent a therapeutic opportunity for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma is a peripheral neural system tumor that originates from the neural crest and is the most common and deadly tumor of infancy. Here we show that neuroblastoma harbors frequent mutations of genes controlling the Rac/Rho signaling cascade important for proper migration and differentiation of neural crest cells during neuritogenesis. RhoA is activated in tumors from neuroblastoma patients, and elevated expression of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)2 is associated with poor patient survival. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ROCK1 and 2, key molecules in Rho signaling, resulted in neuroblastoma cell differentiation and inhibition of neuroblastoma cell growth, migration, and invasion. Molecularly, ROCK inhibition induced glycogen synthase kinase 3β-dependent phosphorylation and degradation of MYCN protein. Small-molecule inhibition of ROCK suppressed MYCN-driven neuroblastoma growth in TH-MYCN homozygous transgenic mice and MYCN gene-amplified neuroblastoma xenograft growth in nude mice. Interference with Rho/Rac signaling might offer therapeutic perspectives for high-risk neuroblastoma.


Provides a conceptual framework and empirical insights into a strike of one group of public school teachers. Conceptual model of factors related to teachers' attitudes toward collective negotiations; Relation of variables to collective negotiations; Degree of correlation in descending order between satisfaction factors and support of teacher strikes by respondent teachers. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)


The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) is an insect that causes great losses in Brassica plantations, which may reach 100% loss in some cases. The most common method to control this pest is still the use of insecticide. However, its successive and arbitrary use has contributed to the development of insecticide resistance, and the study of alternative methods has become essential to successfully control the diamondback moth in broccoli. The objective of this study was to select isolates of rhizobacteria that act to control diamondback moth in broccoli. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three bacterial isolates [1 - Kluyvera ascorbata (EN4); 2 - Bacillus subtllis (R14); 3 - Bacillus cereus (C210) and 4 - Control (distilled water + spreader sticker)] tested with 5 repetitions in 20 m2 plots. Larval viability (LV), pupal viability (PV), larval stage duration (LD), pupal stage duration (PD), pupal weight (PW) and total mortality (TM) were evaluated. The rhizobacteria isolates performed better to reduce larval and pupal viability, larval and pupal duration, and increase total mortality, and can be used as a management option to complement the control strategies of the diamondback moth in broccoli.


In this work, we demonstrate a simple yet convenient centrifugal microfluidics, or lab-on-a-disc (LOAD) platform for bead-based immunoassays. The disc contains a network of passive valves for sample manipulation and a bead-aggregating barrier structure to instead of commonly used immobilization method. The narrow-channel structure not only provides a geometric barrier for retaining the beads, but also significantly increased fluidic resistance which results in lower flow rate and longer reaction time for each reagent in the reaction chamber. Centrifuge-forced beads densification in the small junction area and signal concentrating allows high signal sensing capability. The acceleration speed is optimized for largest signal-to-noise ratio. The device uses different rotation speed to trigger a cascade of flow events. The integrated platform contains all the necessary functional elements for conducting one-step parallel assays through a sequential protocol. For our test device, the total time required to complete an immunoassay experiment is typically under 6 minutes. Through this work we have also shown that the use of a geometric barrier for the aggregation of signaling beads is an effective approach for the enhancement of optical signals in common immunoassays. This flexible design is suitable for a broad range of bead-based immunoassays with low-cost and high-speed operation.


In hyperbolic 3-space $\mathbb{H}^3$ surfaces of constant mean curvature $H$ come in three types, corresponding to the cases $0 \leq H 1$. Via the Lawson correspondence the latter two cases correspond to constant mean curvature surfaces in Euclidean 3-space $\mathbb{E}^3$ with H=0 and $H \neq 0$, respectively. These surface classes have been investigated intensively in the literature. For the case $0 \leq H < 1$ there is no Lawson correspondence in Euclidean space and there are relatively few publications. Examples have been difficult to construct. In this paper we present a generalized Weierstra{\ss} type representation for surfaces of constant mean curvature in $\mathbb{H}^3$ with particular emphasis on the case of mean curvature $0\leq H < 1$. In particular, the generalized Weierstra{\ss} type representation presented in this paper enables us to construct simultaneously minimal surfaces (H=0) and non-minimal constant mean curvature surfaces ($0


We presented two target decomposition methods for polarimetric interferometric SAR (PolInSAR) images parallel to the eigen-decomposition and scattering power decomposition for polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) images. For both cases, we showed the importance of PolInSAR coherence estimation, and in particular, the newly proposed best normal matrix approximation algorithm in successful decomposition of PolInSAR data. Preliminary results were demonstrated using the ESAR data.


An optical filter with thin-film grating layers on both surfaces of the transparent sheet substrate is presented. The gratings are formed by absorptive, reflective, or scattering strips, alternating with directionally transmissive strips. Their relative position on input and output surfaces provides angular selectivity of the light transmission - part of the radiation that has passed through the input gratings is blocked additionally by the output gratings depending on incidence angle. A graphic-analytical calculation method determines the influence of geometric parameters of plane-parallel and coaxial-cylindrical filters on angular characteristics of transmission. At pre-known trajectory of light source relative to the filter pre-adapted angular selective regulation of its light transmission is provided. Architectural glazing to control the transmitted solar radiation without special redirecting devices is the most promising area of application.


Genetic algorithms (GAs) represent a method that mimics the process of natural evolution in effort to find good solutions. In that process, crossover operator plays an important role. To comprehend the genetic algorithms as a whole, it is necessary to understand the role of a crossover operator. Today, there are a number of different crossover operators that can be used , one of the problems in using genetic algorithms is the choice of crossover operator Many crossover operators have been proposed in literature on evolutionary algorithms, however, it is still unclear which crossover operator works best for a given optimization problem. This paper aims at studying the behavior of different types of crossover operators in the performance of genetic algorithm. These types of crossover are implemented on Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP); Whitley used the order crossover (OX) depending on specific parameters to solve the traveling salesman problem, the aim of this paper is to make a comparative study between order crossover (OX) and other types of crossover using the same parameters which was Whitley used.


This article has analyzed the principle that how the knowledge alliance formed on the basis of Becker-Murphy model,Path Dependence and Knowledge Ability,and the relationship between knowledge alliance and knowledge agglomeration in the view of industrial cluster theory,then established knowledge network formation model,finally unifying our country national condition,given four strategies of knowledge alliance construction: Industry relevancy,Accumulation of knowledge,Endowment of natural resources and Drive of outside force.This research will have a promotion effect on the construction of knowledge alliance and national innovation system.


This paper explores the interdependency of political institutions from the voter's perspective. Specifically, we are interested in three questions: (1) Does the partisan identity of the local mayor influence the voter's decision in the subsequent town council election?; (2) Does this partisan identity influence in ensuing higher level elections?; and (3) Do voters condition their vote for the mayor on the result of the last council election? We collected a unique data set for Germany in which we link election results for different political institutions at the municipal level. To identify causal effects, we rely on a regression discontinuity design focusing on close election outcomes. We find that the party of the mayor receives a bonus of 4-5 percentage points in vote share in the subsequent town council elections if, and only if, mayoral and council elections are held simultaneously. With regard to higher level elections, we find no effect for the party identity of the mayor on federal and European election outcomes. Using run-off mayor races, which are held shortly after council elections, we show that voters punish parties that performed strongly in the council election. To explain our empirical findings, we explore two mechanisms from the theoretical literature. We conclude that there is evidence both for an incumbency externality effect as well as a preference for divided government effect in opposite directions.


Emulsified asphalt was prepared by using a blended emulsifier composed of N-(2-hydroxy-3-octadecyl amino) propyltrimethylammonium(A),lignin quaternary ammonium salt(B) and N-[2-hydroxy-3-dodecyl polyoxyethylene(9)] propyltrimethylammonium chloride(C).Performance test of the emulsified asphalt showed that when emulsifier A,B and C is used individually with dosage of 0.5%,2.5% and 2.5% of total mass of the emulsified asphalt respectively,the storage stability of emulsified asphalt achieves 5 d.When blended emulsifiers composed of A B or A C with mass ratio of 1∶ 1 up to 9∶ 1,and the dosage is only 0.5% of total emulsified asphalt,the storage stability of emulsified asphalt is significantly upgraded.The emulsion breaking time for emulsified asphalt using blended emulsifier A and B with mass ratio of 2∶ 3 and dosage of 0.5% of the total mass achieves 259 s;and that using blended emulsifier A and C with mass ratio of 1∶ 1 and dosage of 0.5% achieves 223 s;while that using single emulsifier A with dosage of 0.5% achieves 191 s only.


Rewetting can effectively reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from drained peatlands. Reliable emissions estimation approaches are needed for accounting of such reductions and for evaluating the potential in terms of carbon credits. Annual mean water level and vegetation are reliable and widely used proxies for emissions estimation. However, indications of water level based on plant species (e.g. Ellenberg Indicator Values) are qualitative with large variances, and there are insufficient high-quality flux measurement data to support the direct use of vegetation as a proxy for GHG fluxes. Here we combine vegetation and water level proxies to estimate emissions, by using bioindication of vegetation communities for water level together with the linear correlation between annual mean water level and GHG fluxes. This approach is demonstrated in the Drentsche Aa brook valley in The Netherlands, where peatlands were rewetted to restore rich fen vegetation. Biodiversity of the landscape was monitored by repeated vegetation mapping before and after rewetting, which enables the estimation of emissions reduction as a co-benefit. Mean annual water level values are assigned to mapped vegetation types using existing data on water level dynamics from measurements on corresponding plant communities. GHG emissions are estimated using linear regression models of gas fluxes against mean annual water levels. This approach provides spatially explicit and quantitative estimation of mean annual water levels and GHG fluxes. When combined with information on spatial patterns and variances, the resulting estimations can promote recognition of the carbon co-benefits of biodiversity restoration while facilitating more site-specific optimisation of management practices.


According to the company, Kemin's own in vitro and animal studies show that the ingredients can "prime key immune cells, thereby strengthening the body's immune defenses."


This study aims to examine whether the business strategy applied by the company influences the level of corporate tax aggressiveness. The type of business strategy applied by the company is measured by five proxies, which are then carried out scoring. The scoring results are then converted into a dummy variable. Whereas for corporate tax aggressiveness measured by two measurement models, namely Book ETR and Cash ETR.
This study uses a purposive sampling method, where manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017 are the research population. From the application of the method obtained 44 manufacturing companies each year that meet the criteria as a research sample, so the total sample used in this study as 220 samples.
This research uses panel regression analysis where REM (Random Effect Model) is used for the first model regression with Book ETR as proxy for measured tax aggressiveness, meanwhile FEM (Fixed Effect Model) is used for second model regression with Cash ETR as a proxy for measured tax aggressiveness. The results of this study indicate that there is no influence of the firm's business strategy with the level of corporate tax aggressiveness.Because majority of companies in Indonesia have not applied business strategies constantly for five years research.


The paper relates to the relevance of the implementation of the integrated approach to building the higher education system. The research aimed to investigate the features of the combination of natural sciences and the humanities and consequences on the quality of higher education. One-hundred and twenty-four (124) students in their first and second years of study (bachelor's degree) from a Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, 29 teachers, and 15 independent experts took part in the experiment. The study was designed as a semi-experimental study that included both quantitative and qualitative methods. This included the method of self-reflective notes and expert evaluations, online questionnaires (Google Forms, Likert scale), and statistical data processing. Descriptive, content, and qualitative analysis was used for data interpretation. In general, the parties involved evaluated the concept, course, and results of the experiment positively. According to the evaluation results, the students (the focus group) evaluated the prospects of the integrated model positively. The teachers were the most optimistic in their predictions about the potential of integrated teaching to influence the quality of education, and the experts gave a medium score. The main difficulties were related to the establishment of appropriate conditions for cooperation in the context of distance learning and the need to work more intensively than under the traditional autonomous teaching of disciplines. Therefore, the combination of natural sciences and the humanities positively affects the quality of modern higher education during high-quality implementation of the innovative educational model. The study contributes to the present discussions about approaches of reforming and developing the HEI educational paradigm.


Efficiency of neural stem cells (NSCs) therapy for brain injury is restricted by astrogliosis around the damaged region, in which JAK2/STAT3 signaling plays a key role. The SOCS3 that can directly inhibit JAK/STAT3 pathway. Here, we investigated the effects of a fusion peptide that combined kinase inhibitory region (KIR) of SOCS3 and virus trans‐activator of transcription (TAT) on biological behavior of cultured NSCs under inflammatory conditions.


This paper deals with two possibilities, which enable the investigation of the machining quality of parts made of fibre reinforced polymers. Finishing operations like milling or drilling are necessary in actual production processes. Such operations mostly cause damages like fraying, delamination or splintering at the machining surface. The one dimensional maximum method and the three dimensional damage analysis are two tools, which allow a reliable comparison between different experiments with, for example, varied process parameters. Therefore the one dimensional maximum method (1D-MM) only needs a calliper or microscope with measuring feature and can be accomplished in nearly every environment. The three dimensional damage analysis (3D-DA) requires high end measuring equipment but provides more information. Both procedures distinguish the occurring damages in fraying, delamination and splintering, what enables the optimized enhancement of the process. Such measurement methods are the necessary basis for every development or investigation in this field and should be understood as an approach for standardization. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of DAAAM International Vienna.


A transmission for an adjustable-height platform includes at least one drive shaft, at least one output shaft, at least one first fear wheel configured to transmit a rotational movement of the drive shaft to the output shaft, and at least one second gear wheel configured to drive a hollow second output shaft. The at least one first gear wheel is formed from or includes at least portions formed from plastic.


In the present paper I discuss the identity and systematic position of Synthesiostrebla amorphochili Townsend, Speiseria ambigua Kessel and Lemosia setosa Pessôa ão. Besides, I include in this paper a revision of the species of the genus Paratrichobius, which structurally is more or less closely related to the genus Synthesiostrebla.


Abstract: Aims: To explore how the temporal dimension of infinity manifests as a psycho-social dimension of addiction. Results: While notions of infinity have existed for thousands of years, at the turn of the 18th century significant new ideas develop in mathematics and philosophy. Simultaneously, concerns about the use of alcohol are raised by prominent members of society, medical professionals and by the clergy. While previously infinity was seen as a feature of divine power, it starts to be seen as an aspect of human nature. What was previously external starts to become internalised. With an increasingly industrialised society capable of producing alcohol in greater amounts, addicts could consume without limits and imagine an unending supply of intoxicants. However, at the start of the 20th century, in both mathematics (Gödel) and philosophy (Heidegger) a turn to limitations begins. These reversions happen very close to the advent of Alcoholics Anonymous which also acknowledge the inherent limitedness of the human subject, denied in active addiction. Conclusion: Addiction as a form of internalised infinity, is one aspect of this complex phenomenon. The work of recovery is to reverse this internalised infinity and thus embrace human finitude.


The incidence of migraine declines with age, and by the sixth decade new-onset migraine is unusual, particularly in men. This report describes the first attack of migraine with visual aura in a 57-year-old man who had introduced soy isoflavone supplements into his diet 9 months earlier. Symptoms disappeared after a reduction in the dose of these phytoestrogen compounds.

A 57-year-old physician sought relief of chronic prostatic discomfort that had resisted a variety of traditional and herbal treatments for more than 20 years. He was otherwise in excellent health, never bothered by headaches, and reported no family history of migraine. Physical examination, blood count, thyroid function, cholesterol, chemistry screen, and EKG were normal. In the spring of 2000 the patient introduced soy products into his diet; these included soybeans (GeniSoy Nuts), soy milk (Westsoy Plus), and a soy protein supplement (GNC Natural Brand) in gradually increasing quantities to a total …


Purified cucurbitacin B and E act as feeding stimulants for the red pumpkin beetle, but on testing three pairs of isogenic bitter (Bi) and non-bitter (bi) lines of cucumber, no relationship was found to exist between the bitter gene and the degree of damage caused by this beetle. In summer squash, both resistant and susceptible lines contain cucurbitacin at the susceptible plant growth stage (cotyledon) but there was no correlation between the quantity of total phenols, free amino acids or reducing sugars in this material and resistance. Bitter gourd, which has cucurbitacin in the cotyledons, was not preferred by the beetle.


To obtain more insight into the vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic systems of amphibians and the evolution of these neuropeptidergic systems in vertebrates in general, the distribution of vasotocin (AVT) and mesotocin (MST) was studied immunohistochemically in the brains of the anuran Rana ridibunda and the urodele Pleurodeles waltlii. In Rana, AVT‐immunoreactive cell bodies are located in the nucleus accumbens, the dorsal striatum, the lateral and medial part of the amygdala, an area adjacent to the anterior commissure, the magnocellular preoptic nucleus, the hypothalamus, the mesencephalic tegmentum, and in an area adjacent to the solitary tract. In Pleurodeles, AVT‐immunoreactive somata are confined to the medial amygdala, the preoptic area, and an area lateral to the presumed locus coeruleus. In both species, the distribution of MST‐immunoreactive cell bodies is more restricted: in the frog, MST‐immunoreactive somata are present in the medial amygdala and the preoptic area, whereas, in the urodele, cell bodies are found only in the preoptic area.


Teachers, for many years, have used a wide variety of teaching approaches but in particular, the way was "learning by listening". Now we need to examine which are the new perspectives of teaching, appropriate in today's society. Could be "Interactive lectures, seminars, and tutorials: learning by talking"? or "Apprenticeship: learning by doing"? or "Experiential learning: learning by acting"? or "The nurturing and social reform models of teaching: learning by feeling"? We will see into the present paper some ideas about each of them.


1 Nehal Elalem*, 2 Riham M. Shawky, 3 Rehab H. Bahy, 1 Abeer A.H. Boselia, 2 Mohamed Emara 1 Department of Microbiology, Egyptian Drug (EDA), Formerly National organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza,12611,Egypt 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt


Current developments in information technology and communications, as well as the significant transformations the business world is being forced to make, are generating an opportunity for widespread acceptance of mobile payments. The present research analyzes the intention to use the Apple Pay mobile payment system, as well as contextualizing and evaluating the different antecedents of its use. To carry out the research, 539 users were invited to respond to an online questionnaire, and an analysis of structural equation modeling was used. The results indicate that perceived value is the variable that most influences the intention to use the proposed payment system, followed by perception of utility and risk. This work has important implications for companies in the sector.


One approach to achieve weight loss and decrease both obesity and associated morbidities involves high-protein, low-carbohydrate (HPLC) diets. This study compares the impact on metabolic health of HPLC and high-protein, medium-carbohydrate (HPMC) diets offered to diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Weanling male rats were fed either a 37 % fat diet (n 48) or stock pellets (n 12) for 22 weeks. Rats fed the 37 % fat diet accumulated more body fat (26·6 versus 14·8 % body weight, P < 0·001) compared with those on stock diet. The DIO rats had higher systolic blood pressure (+6·6 mmHg, P = 0·002), fasting insulin (+63 % P = 0·006) and areas under the glucose (+21 %, P < 0·001) and insulin (+81 %, P < 0·001) curves following an oral glucose tolerance test. DIO rats were then separated into four groups and offered for 8 weeks either: (1) the 37 % fat diet; (2) an HPLC or (3) HPMC diet; or (4) fed the 37 % fat diet to the intake of the HPMC group. Rats offered the 37 % fat or HPLC diets gained while those on HPMC lost body fat. Blood pressure was not altered by the dietary switch. Both HPLC and HPMC rats had lowered fasting insulin (P = 0·027) and improved homeostatic assessment (HOMA; P = 0·011) that was not different from those of stock animals. These improvements occurred despite differences in fat gain, and indicate that both weight loss and macronutrient intake can impact favourably on obesity-associated morbidities.


The invention discloses a constant temperature and constant humidity PLC control system for a clean room. The constant temperature and constant humidity PLC control system for the clean room comprises a PLC, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dust density sensor, an AD module, a heater, a humidifier, an exhaust fan, a frequency converter, a DA module, a regulating valve and a draught fan; the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the dust density sensor convert the temperature, humidity and dust density of the interior of the clean room into analog signals and send the analog signals to the AD module, the AD module converts the analog signals into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the PLC, output signals of the PLC are sent to the heater, the humidifier, the exhaust fan and the frequency converter, and an output signal of the frequency converter is sent to the draught fan; meanwhile, the PLC sends the output digital signals to the DA module, the DA module converts the digital signals into analog signals and sends the analog signals to the regulating valve, and output signals of the regulating valve are sent to the draught fan. The constant temperature and constant humidity PLC control system for the clean room is low in cost, stable in property and capable of meeting the constant-temperature, constant-voltage and dust-free requirements of the clean room at a high standard.


II. BASICS AND THE BROAD AUDIENCE FOR LEGITIMACY ..................................................................... 100 A. The Broad Audience for Assessing Legitimacy ................................................................... 100 B. Components of Legitimacy: Source, Process, and Outcome ................................................ 101 1. Source (or Establishment) Legitimacy ........................................................................ 102 2. Process (or Implementation) Legitimacy .................................................................... 103 3. Outcome or Substantive Legitimacy ........................................................................... 106


In response to infection, noradrenergic vagal afferents to the hypothalamus may be responsible for a rapid biphasic shift in thermoregulatory control. An initial hypothermic shift may result from the activation of alpha‐2 adrenoreceptors, which is followed by an enduring hyperthermic response that is initiated by activation of alpha‐1 andrenoreceptors and prolonged by the presence of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). While previous studies from our lab have characterized the effects of PGE2 (Ranels & Griffin, 2003) and the alpha‐1 agonist Cirazoline (Imbery et al., 2007), this study recorded the in vitro single‐unit activity of thermally classified anterior hypothalamic neurons in response to the alpha‐2 adrenoreceptor agonist Clonidine (100 μM). Based on their responses to temperature, warm sensitive neurons (m > 0.8 impulses.s‐1.oC‐1) showed significant increases in firing rate while temperature insensitive neurons showed significant decreases in firing rate. These changes would result in a hypothermic response according to Hammel's model, demonstrating the role of this adrenoreceptor subtype in temperature regulation. This research was supported by grants from the NIH (NS053794, NS065461 & NS053794‐S1) and in part by a Howard Hughes Medical Institute grant through the Undergraduate Science Program to the College of William and Mary.


In the book Identity, Zygmunt Bauman discuss some questions connected to the modernity designed by him as "liquid". In this way, terms alike community, sen...


discussed the radiative differences between BC and dust and intercompared two different pathways (snow direct radiative effect and atmosphere direct radiative effect) of aerosol effect on surface water budget. The spatial and temporal variation of radiative effects are also discussed. The experiments and results are interesting and suitable for publication in ACP after major revision to address following concerns. Reply: We thank the reviewer for the positive comments. The manuscript has undergone significant revisions. 4 Figures have been moved to the supplement, Of note, the acronym "BCD" has been changed to "light-absorbing particles" (LAPs) for better consistency with the literature. 5 appendices are now used to house more technical descriptions that weigh the paper down, and other text has been moved to the supplement. Sec. 5.4 is now included along with Table 5 which highlights changes in meltout date. Major comments (MaCs) MaC1: More discussion on role of dust in the manuscript is needed along with clear explanation and analysis. A) why is dust induced SWE positive over Northern Rockies in Figure 8f,which is inconsistent with the fact that dust-ISRE is positive (Figure 7d) and dust-induced change in albedo is negative (Figure 8i). B) More aerosols always have a negative radiative effect at surface as it either scatters or absorbs incoming radiation at surface. Why is dust surface RE in Figure 12i positive? Although, the authors have tried to explain this by stating the differences in aerosol microphysics, I feel it is not clear. C) Also, this is found over the entire domain not only over the brighter snow surfaces as discussed latter. Therefore, explain in detail line 545 to 550. D)Detailed analysis and discussion should be done to explain why on doubling the dust concentration changes the sign/magnitude of dust induced perturbations on various variables nonlinearly (compared to that with initial dust). For example, in figure 14e, peak dust SDE in may end is ∼1.5 Wm2 and the corresponding dust-induced reduction in SWE SWE is ∼7% for Northern Rockies. This is very different from the situation in Figure 10 and 11. Dust SDE in Figure 11 is ∼1W/m2 and the corresponding dust-induced reduction in SWE is ∼ 2%. Please explain and discuss this nonlinearity.


Abstract In this study, 18 pyrazole derivatives coupled with pyrazoline were synthesized and screened for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. All the target compounds were synthesized smoothly and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. In vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α model and in vivo xylene-induced ear-edema model were used to evaluate their anti-inflammatory activity. Antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive strains and Gram-negative strains was evaluated using a serial dilution method. Pharmacological results indicated that most of the compounds markedly inhibited the expression of TNF-α at the concentration of 20 μg/mL. Compounds 9b showed 66.4% inhibition for the LPS-induced TNF-α release, which was superior than that of the positive control drug dexamethasone (DXMS). And compounds 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6b, and 9b showed comparable inhibition activity to DXMS. In xylene-induced ear-edema model, compound 4a inhibited edema by 48.71%, which was more effective than DXMS (47.18%) in inhibiting xylene-induced ear edema. Compound 4b, 5a, 5b, 6b, and 9b showed inhibition of 36.82%, 27.65%, 45.87%, 31.78%, and 43.67%, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 4a, 5a, 5b, and 9b displayed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial. These compounds, 4a, 5a, 5b, and 9b, possess both anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, thus are worth further investigation to enhance their antimicrobial activities for the development of new class of dual anti-inflammatory–antimicrobial agents.


This study examines published steady state cell kinetic (mitotic and DNA synthesis phase) data from the recognizable proliferating erythroid precursors in humans, rats, and guinea-pigs, and human neutrophilic precursors, for consistency with a continuous maturation-proliferation model of the cell cycle. We find that these data are completely consistent with the hypothesis that maturation between morphological compartments may take place at any point in the cell cycle. A number of compartmental parameters are derived under this assumption. Many cell kinetic studies of the recognizable proliferating erythroid and neutrophilic precursors have utilized a sequential maturation-proliferation model implicitly for experimental design and explicitly for data analysis. Within the framework of such a scheme it is assumed that all cells undergo DNA synthesis, mitosis, and cytokinesis at least once within each morphological compartment, and that cells pass from one morphological compartment to the next immediately after cytokinesis. However, it has been noted before (Cronkite, 1964; Rubinow, 1969; Rubinow & Lebowitz, 1975; Mackey & Dormer, 1981; Mary, 1981) that the available data are inconsistent with this hypothesis. Other workers (Lajtha & Oliver, 1960; Tarbutt, 1967; Tarbutt & Blackett, 1968; and others, cf. Discussion) have postulated that proliferating haematopoietic precursor cells may pass between morphological compartments at any point in the cell cycle (a continuous maturation-proliferation hypothesis). Here we show that the Sprague-Dawley rat erythroid precursor data of the previous paper (Dormer et al., 1981), the cell kinetic data from human erythroid (Dormer, 1973; Rondanelli et al., 1969) and neutrophilic (Rondanelli et al., 1967) precursors, and the August-Marshall rat (Roylance, 1968; Tarbutt & Blackett, 1968) and Hartley guinea-pig (Starling & Rome, 1976) erythroid precursors are completely consistent with a continuous maturation-proliferation hypothesis. All of these data were previously shown to be inconsistent with a sequential maturation-proliferation hypothesis (Mackey & Dormer, 198 1). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Model Consider a population of recognizable proliferating erythroid precursors, and assume each cell within the population may be characterized by an age a and a maturation level p (cf. Fig. 1). Correspondence: Dr M. C. Mackey, Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Drummond, Montreal, P.Q., Canada H3G 1Y6. OOO8-8730/82/0700-038 1S02.00


A high-performance 160 Gbps (=20 GB/s) optical semiconductor module using an optoelectronic (OE) ferrule with the ultra-compact size of 4.4 times 4.5 times 1.0 mm3 was developed for the first time in the world. The ferrule is used as the interface of OE converter in our developed optoelectronic LSI package of over 1 Tbps, POST LSI package (post-reflow optical-interface stacking technique LSI package). The feature of this OE ferrule is to have fine-pitch lead frame electrodes formed by insert molding method, which realized highly reliable electric contacts and excellent electric characteristics of the module. Moreover, the high-density assembly of 12 ch optical semiconductor module coupling an optical semiconductor device and an optical fiber array was realized by a simple assembly process with high accuracy and high reliability.


The invention relates to a clamping device, in particular to a clamping device for a cutter sharpening major-diameter hollow center tap. The clamping device solves the problems that in an existing clamping device for the cutter sharpening major-diameter hollow center tap, the clamp cutter sharpening machining efficiency is low, and indexing table equipment is high in cost. A threaded through hole is machined in the center of the barrel bottom of a barrel, six kidney-shaped through holes are evenly distributed and machined in the middle portion of the barrel in the peripheral direction, the lower portion of a thread pitch indexing central spindle is installed in the barrel in a penetrating manner, and an inner circular bead hole is machined in the upper end face of the thread pitch indexing central spindle in the axial direction; a threaded hole is machined in the center of the inner circular bead hole, and a hexagon socket screw is in threaded connection to the threaded hole; threaded blind holes are evenly distributed and machined in the outer side wall of the upper portion of the thread pitch indexing central spindle in the peripheral direction, studs are arranged on the threaded blind holes, and six pin holes corresponding to the six kidney-shaped through holes are machined in the lower portion of the thread pitch indexing central spindle in the peripheral direction; and a first shaft pin and a second shaft pin each penetrate one kidney-shaped hole and are symmetrically inserted into one corresponding pin hole. The clamping device is used for the cutter sharpening major-diameter hollow center tap.


e15536 Background: Multiple primary malignancies (MPM) are characterized by two or more primary tumors in an individual patient, excluding relapse or subordinate relationship. Because the therapeutic options usually become limited, the diagnosis of MPM cause a lot of troubles to both clinicians and patients. A comprehensive investigation in comparing the tumor immune environment in MPM involving colorectal cancers (CRC) with single primary CRC will provide clues for the etiology and the management of MPM. Methods: Three patients with MPM involving CRC and twenty four patients with single primary CRC from our hospital were enrolled in the study. FFPE samples from colorectal lesions were analyzed for the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [PD-L1+, PD-1+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, FoxP3+, CD56+, CD163+, CD68+] by multiplex immunofluorescence technique. The tumor-enriched segments and stroma areas annotated by pathologists on images. Then artificial intelligence (AI) employing algorithms of image processing, machine learning, and deep learning techniques distinguished the core and peritumor areas, and calculated the density (counts per mm2) of each marker in two regions. A nonparametric approach (Kruskal–Wallis) was used to compare the density of immune cells between MPM involving CRC and single primary CRC groups. Results: The density of CD4+, CD56dim, FoxP3+ cells in patients with single primary CRC were significantly higher than those in MPM both in the stroma and tumor-enriched segments (all, p < 0.05). In the tumor-enriched segments, the density of PD-1+ in patients with single primary CRC was also significantly more than that in MPM. Moreover, the density of PD-1+CD8+ cells in patients with single primary CRC showed a trend of higher density than those in MPM patients in the stroma area (p = 0.06). However, the density of PD-1+ and PD-1+CD8+ cells did not show significant differences related to cancer types (MPM and single primary CRC) in the stroma. Other indicators such as CD3+, CD20+, CD8+, CD68+CD163+, CD68+CD163-, CD56bright and PD-L1+, had no significant difference related to cancer types (MPM and single primary CRC) regardless of the area (tumor-enriched segments and stroma area). Conclusions: We identified that the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes such as CD4+ cells infiltrated more in single primary CRC than those in MPM involving CRC, suggesting that MPM involving CRC may unresponsive to immunotherapy monotherapy. With preclinical studies suggesting potential for synergistic effects, combining immunotherapies may be a promising approach to treat MPM, which requires a further validation with a larger sample size.


The effects of substitution of Sn for Co on the microstructure and electrochemical discharge capacity of La0.7Mg0.3Al0.3Mn0.4Co0.5-xSnxNi3.8 (x = 0.0, 0.2 and 0.5) alloys were investigated. Microstructure and phase composition of samples were investigated employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that all of alloys are mainly composed of LaNi5 and MgNi2 phases, but when increasing the content of Sn in alloys the LaNiSn phase appears. The electrochemical discharge capacity were investigated by charging and discharging the negative electrode alloys. Tests indicated that the maximum discharge capacity decrease from 337.1 mAh/g (x = 0.0) to 249.8 mAh/g (x = 0.5).


Image-level annotations allow to achieve semantic segmentation in a weakly-supervised way. Most advanced approaches utilize class activation map (CAM) from deep classifier to generate pseudo-labels. However, CAM generally only focuses on the most discriminative parts of targets. To explore more pixel-level semantic information and recognize all pixels within the objects for segmentation, we propose a Region-based Pixels Integration Mechanism (RPIM) which discovers the intra-region and inter-region information. Firstly, the foreground regions are formed on the basis of superpixels and the initial responses. Each region is regarded as a subtree, whose nodes are the image pixels within the region. Then, an Intra-region Integration (IRI) Module is designed to explore the nodes relationships inside the subtree. Within each subtree, nodes will vote for the most confident class and share the highest probability. Moreover, an Inter-region Spreading (IRS) Module is proposed to further improve the consistency of CAM. For each class, the most confident unprocessed subtree finds their homologous neighbors, connects with them and shares its probability. By iterative refinement, the training process will integrate the individual nodes into region subtrees, and gradually form the subtrees with similar probabilities to the object semantic trees for each foreground class. To our best knowledge, our approach achieves the state-of-the-art performance on PASCAL VOC 2012 validation set with 71.4% mIoU. The experiments also show that our scheme is plug-and-play and can collaborate with different approaches to improve their performance.


are common complications of the procedure. This study presents 9 cases of unusual complications of shoulder arthroscopy: 8 from the senior authors (M.G.H. and A.D.S.), whose experience includes more than 4000 shoulder arthroscopies, and 1 referral from another institution. Some of these complications are difficult to attribute to the surgical procedure. They are, however, undesirable sequelae, and we believe that they should be reported. Our standard practice in all cases of shoulder arthroscopy, unless there are specific contraindications, is to administer a general anesthetic and, frequently, an interscalene block. We perform shoulder arthroscopy with the patient in the lateral decubitus position, supported by a deflated bean bag. The arm is suspended by means of a 4-kg weight through use of single overhead traction applied through nonadhesive forearm skin traction. Our irrigation fluid is water in 1000-mL bags, 0.5 mL of 1:1000 adrenalin being added to each bag. We use a hand pump to assist in distension when it is required. Our 3 standard portals are the posterior, anterior, and lateral portals. We routinely perform electrosurgery with a diathermy unit (Valleylab Inc, Boulder, Colo). There was no deviation from our standard practice in any of the cases described in this article, except as specifically noted in the individual case histories.


Nuclear stimulation of the Mesaverde Formation in the Piceance Basin appears to be the only available method that can release the contained gas economically. In the Rulison field alone, estimates show 6 to 8 trillion cu ft of gas may be made available by nuclear means, and possibly 100 trillion cu ft could be released in the Piceance Basin. Several problems remain to be solved before this tremendous gas reserve can be tapped. Among these are rates of production following nuclear stimulation; costs of nuclear stimulation; radioactivity of the chimney gas; and development of the ideal type of device to carry out the stimulations. Each of these problems is discussed in detail with possible solutions suggested. First and foremost is the rate at which gas can be delivered following nuclear stimulation. Calculations have been made for expected production behavior following a 5-kt device and a 40-kt device with different permeabilities. These are shown, along with conventional production history. The calculations show that rates of production will be sufficient, if costs can be controlled. (14 refs.)


The invention relates to a table- or wall-mounted video workstation (10) that comprises an electronic box (12) and a display device (14) containing a flat screen. The inventive video workstation is further characterized in that a holder (34) is mounted on the electronic box (12) which protrudes from the top (22) of the box. The display device (14) is mounted on said holder so as to be rotated by 180 DEG about its vertical axis (50) and so as to be pivoted about a horizontal axis (38).


A desirable human response to a severe weather warning, or potentially life threatening event, will not always be achieved due to any number of reasons. However, a AWarning Response Process@ involving four factors Planning, Practicing / Preparing, Monitoring and Acting (Dubberke, 2005; Miller, 2005) can greatly reduce the impact of an event on affected individuals. On July 13, 2004, an F4 tornado ripped through the Parsons= Manufacturing Plant in rural Woodford County, Illinois. Although the plant was virtually destroyed, no fatalities or injuries occurred among the 150 persons in the plant storm shelters at the time. The scientific aspects of the July 13, 2004, Roanoke Tornado event, and the warning process within the National Weather Service have been the focus of other studies (Shimon et al, 2005; Barker et al, 2005; Merzlock, 2005). This paper will focus on the proactive safety plan that was instituted at the Parsons Company, and the implementation of that plan prior to the devastation caused by the F4 tornado. A review of the life-saving actions taken at the Parsons Company the afternoon of July 13, 2004, as well as an assessment of the four AWarning Response@ factors with respect to this event will be made.


The Soviet state system of child health protection is being improved from year to year. It concentrates in itself all the best that has been achieved as a result of the preventive work of our health care. Thanks to the complex of medical and preventive measures taken and the constantly increasing level of social and economic conditions, the health status of children in the republic has been significantly improved.


A series of novel amphiphilic ABA-type poly(tridecafluorooctylacrylate)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(tridecafluorooctylacrylate) (henceforth referred to as p-TDFA-PEG-p-TDFA) triblock oligomers were successfully synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using well-defined Br-PEG-Br as macroinitiator and copper as catalyst. The block oligomers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 1H and 19F nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that the block oligomers have been obtained with narrow molecular weight distributions of 1.22–1.33. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was carried out to confirm the attachment of p-TDFA-PEG-p-TDFA onto the silicon substrate, together with the chemical compositions of p-TDFA-PEG-p-TDFA. The wetabilities of the oligomer films were measured by water contact angles (CAs). Water CAs of p-TDFA-PEG-p-TDFA film were measured and their morphologies were tested by atomic force microscopy (AFM). T...


All process industries work for long hours over a
24-hour period thereby necessitating continuous and reliable requirement of electrical power. With the increasing load demand by various sectors, there is a problem of power systems being overloaded at regular intervals. With the increasing usage of power electronic and time varying loads, the quality of power
available for utilization has become an area of significant concern especially for industrial consumers. This paper briefly reviews the area of power quality (PQ), the types, causes and effects of varying PQ, the standards of reference and also the solutions towards mitigating the power quality problems. Emphasis is placed on voltage variation and unbalance which is
one of the most commonest problem faced by industrial utilities


To provide an apparatus for pre-Selecting fingerprint cards having certain Similarity to an S-card to be identified, at a high-speed, among a plurality of F-cards, an apparatus of the invention comprises: an F-Side cluster indeX determination Section (2) for designating a cluster wherein feature data of the plurality of F-cards are to be classified according to features extracted from the plurality of F-cards; an F-card feature Storing Section (3) for storing the feature data of the plurality of F-cards in the cluster designated by the F-side cluster index determination Section (2); an S-card feature Storing Section (5) for temporarily storing feature data of the S-card; an S-side cluster index determination section (6) for designating clusters to be retrieved according to a combi nation of features extracted from the S-card; and a finger print card matching discrimination unit (8) for pre-Selecting the fingerprint cards by comparing the feature data of the S-card with the feature data of the plurality of F-cards stored the clusters designated by the S-Side cluster determination Section (6).


I've always been fascinated by the problems of invariant theory. I'm currently reading Kostant's paper for VSRP under Professor Dipendra Prasad. I also stumbled on a book by Igor V. Dolgachev on Invariant Theory. Based on these, and my own understanding gathered from other sources, I document what I think invariant theory is and could be about. 1. Groups acting on sets 1.1. A basic Galois correspondence. Let A and B be two sets, with a relation R between A and B. That is, R is a map A × B → {0, 1}, with a related to b if and only if R(a, b) = 1. Then, define f : 2 → 2 as follows. For S ⊆ A, f(S) is the set of all elements b ∈ B such that R(a, b) = 1 for everya ∈ S. Similarly g : 2 → 2 takes T ⊆ B to the set of all elements a ∈ A such that R(a, b) = 1 for every b ∈ T . The following are true: • If S1 ⊆ S2 ⊆ A, then f(S2) ⊆ f(S1). Analogously for B and g. • For any S ⊆ A, S ⊆ g(f(S)).Analogously for B and g. • Combining the above two, f(g(f(S))) = f(S). Subsets in B of the form f(S) are closed under the operation f.g while subsets of A of the form g(T ) are closed under the operation g.f . Moreover, for any given subset of A, its closure is g.f applied to it. This "closure" satisfes all the conditions of a closure operation, namely: • Closure of the closure is the closure. A set which is its own closure is a closed set. • An arbitrary intersection of closed sets is closed. In this article, we shall talk of two instances of Galois correspondence: • The fixed point relation when a group acts on a set. (refer 1.2) • The vanishing relation for a set and a ring of functions from that set to a field. (refer 2.2) 1.2. For group actions. When a group acts on a set, we consider the "fixed point" relation between the group and the set. That is, an element of the group is said to be related to an element of the set if the group element fixes the set element via its action. If a group G acts on a set S via an action ., then g ∈ G is related to s ∈ S if g.s = s. Any closed subset of the group is a subgroup, and is termed a fixing subgroup(defined) and any closed subset of the set is termed a fixed point subset(defined). 1.3. Derived actions. Let's say we want to study a nice group, say a finite group (just given purely as a group) or a Lie group (given with a topological, analytic structure). We have a huge arsenal of purely group theoretic techniques to handle it. But we often try to represent the group as acting on a set. We extract the maximum information when we choose this set to be an Abelian group, a module over a ring, or a vector space over a field, and require the group action to be via automorphisms of that structure. The representation on the vector space itself gives lots of interesting data: the character map, the determinant map etc. as well as some orthogonality relations that help us determine the possible representations effectively. However, we gain even more insight by obtaining other derived actions from this action – such as the following: • A group acting as automorphisms on a vector space also acts on the collection of subspaces of a the vector space of a given dimension. The manifold whose points are r dimensional subspaces of an n dimensional space is termed the Grassmannian manifold(defined) and is denoted as Gr(n, r). The group thus acts as automorphisms of the Grassmannian. • A group acting as automorphisms on a vector space also acts on the collection of ordered bases of r vectors. This is termed the Stiefel manifold(defined). c ©Vipul Naik, B.Sc. (Hons) Math, 2nd Year, Chennai Mathematical Institute.


Abstract : Many problems in machine learning can be naturally formulated as non-convex optimization problems. However, such direct nonconvex formulations have been largely replaced by convex relaxation methods (such as support vector machines for classification or L1 regularization for sparse learning) to avoid the usual local optima issues. Many significant theoretical results have been developed in recent years to show that the convex relaxation approach solves the original problem asymptotically. However in practice, the standard simple convex relaxation schemes can be sub-optimal. In the proposed work, we consider a more general framework of multi-stage convex relaxation methods, which remedies the above gap between theory and practice. The method is derived from concave duality, and involves solving a sequence of convex relaxation problems, leading to better and better approximations to the original nonconvex formulation. We will develop theoretical properties of this method and algorithmic consequences. Related convex and nonconvex machine learning methods will also be investigated.


Hysyn100 summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a canola-quality population-synthetic (Syn1) with high oil and protein contents that is well adapted to the short- and mid-season growing areas of western Canada. Key words: Turnip rape (summer), synthetic, cultivar description


Designing and representing control algorithms is challenging in swarm robotics, where the collective swarm performance depends on interactions between robots and with their environment. The currently available modeling languages, such as UML, cannot fully express these interactions. We therefore propose a new, Behaviour-Data Relations Modeling Language (BDRML), where robot behaviours and data that robots utilise, as well as relationships between them, are explicitly represented. This allows BDRML to express control algorithms where robots cooperate and share information with each other while interacting with the environment.


Containerization has revolutionized not only shipping, including its operation, organization and productivity, but also the economic geography of production, trade and consumption since the late 1950s. After the economic crises in the 1970s, the incessant neoliberal quest by shipping businesses has also "containerized" seafarers, the vanguard transport workers at the core of economic globalization. Working at sea for their livelihood at home is a moral dilemma that entraps seafarers in the second-best choice, leaving them with virtually no alternatives. Restricted contact with home, denial of shore leave, lowered manning scales and single-person tasking have all exacerbated the sense of isolation at sea. Subject to constant loading, unloading and reloading of their bodies, seafarers of different nationalities are drifting in the market until they leave the industry or until they are finally scrapped. The exigencies of the neoliberal system, as manifested in industrial discipline and allied networks of control, enforce relative harmony among nationalities on board. This research on seafarers challenges the logic of area studies in social sciences and, at the same time, permits rethinking of the vastly facilitated mobility of our times.


This research and development study aims to create effective web-based instructional materials for learning English for Communication subject, enhancing students' enjoyment. It also investigates the influence of the ARCS model on motivation and learning outcomes of Form One learning disabilities students. Following the ADDIE model, the study utilized a mixed-methods approach with participants from three national secondary schools in Sabah. The analysis revealed that satisfaction, confidence, and inertia significantly predicted students' web enjoyment experience, while attention and relevance did not show significant effects. Satisfaction had a stronger impact than confidence. Implementing the ARCS model had a significant positive effect on motivation and learning outcomes for Form One learning disabilities students. Despite challenges, students showed high task completion and a sense of accomplishment. They expressed satisfaction with well-designed web-based materials and highlighted the positive impact of the social learning environment. The study provides strong evidence for the interrelationships between web-based learning, motivation, and learning outcomes, with implications for effective motivational strategies in distance learning, particularly for learning disabilities students.


It is because of the adhesion of seeds to the working bodies, the formation of conglomerates and other features of pumpkin seeds, it is recommended to use dryers with vibration activation of the material layer. This process is a complex system with a large number of elements (and, accordingly, a large number of connections between them), external influences on the system, etc. For a successful solution to the task of developing a mathematical model, it is necessary to conduct a critical analysis of existing models in order, taking into account the research carried out, to develop their own model describing the process of behavior of material particles (pumpkin seeds) within the vibrating chamber. An analysis of the latest publications on this issue shows that in most cases the issues of processing a certain material in specific technological conditions were solved. In this study, an attempt is made to generalize the previous experience for the development of our own mathematical model of the process of vibration drying of pumpkin seeds. the all of a granular medium the influence of of of and the of relationship between stresses and which the use of a well-developed mathematical apparatus of which is of great importance for obtaining pumpkin seeds, vibration action, bulk medium, added mass.


Abstract Sixteen specimens representing 7 species of lizards (Hoplocercus spinosus, Ophiodes striatus, Polychrus acutirostris, Stenocercus caducus, Tropidurus guarani, Tropidurus itambere, and Tupinambis merianae) collected in the Cerrado biome at the Brazilian state Mato Grosso do Sul were examined for helminths. Nine species of nematodes were recovered from lizard hosts (Cruzia travassosi, Cyrtosomum sp., Diaphanocephalus galeatus, Gynaecometra bahiensis, Pharyngodon cesarpintoi, Physaloptera sp., Skrjabinellazia intermedia, Strongyluris oscari, and an unidentified species of nematode). Five new host records and 3 new locality records were reported.


This study focuses on the socio-cultural aspect of English language in Sunrise Program designed for Iraqi Kurdistan Region; it investigates basic school teachers' (Henceforth BSTS) awareness of this fundamental aspect in the course of teaching English as a foreign language. The study hypothesizes that most of the teachers are not fully aware of the socio-cultural dimension of the English language, and their awareness at the level of recognition is higher than that of production. To investigate the hypotheses, the researchers design a test of twenty items to examine the performance of thirty teachers in (7th, 8th, and 9th) grades in Sulaimani city schools. The study concludes that teachers' lack of socio-cultural knowledge makes them unable to adequately shape and guide their students' learning process, and consequently leads to students' first language interference.


experimental method of studying nutritional deficiencies induced in man under controlled conditions, or by the detailed observation of a few selected cases of malnutrition spontaneously arising. The first type of study was brilliantly conducted by Keys and his colleagues, and the results were recently published as a classical monograph of 1,385 pages, of which 86 are of references7: a number of volunteers were studied in great detail while they subsisted on a diet of about 1,570 calories daily and also during a period of rehabilitation. The second type of study was made under the auspices of the Medical Research Council, and has just' been published.8 Professor McCance and his nineteen co-authors describe in 20 papers the results of observations made in Wuppertal from June, 1946, onwards. Although, according to their report, " 1945 was probably the year in which there was the greatest shortage of food," there were plenty of cases of undernutrition to study in Wuppertal and in a neighbouring prison in 1946. Observations were made on fluid balance, the skin, the alimentary tract, the liver, the parotids, the neuromuscular system, emotional and behaviour reactions, various physical and chemical properties of the blood, the circulatory system, the bones, the size of newborn babies, and the volume and composition of human milk. But apparently the undernutrition, though " serious," was very considerably less than that encountered in Holland: " There were, in fact, none of the signs of really severe undernutrition, and no deaths that could be attributed simply and solely to' this cause occurred either in Wuppertal or in the whole of the British Zone "-perhaps a rather rash generalization from studies almost confined to Wuppertal and made after the war, in which there was probably the greatest shortage of food.


Environmental pollution (EP) and global warming (GW), which emerged with industrialization, have become an increasing global problem in recent years. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) resulting from EP forced countries to introduce carbon tax (CT). This study aims to examine the effect of environmental taxes (ETs), renewable energy consumption (REC), and economic growth (EG) on environmental quality (EQ) in 12 countries with the highest carbon emissions (CEs) over the period 1998-2019. The long-term AMG estimation results showed that ETs and REC reduced EP while EG deteriorates EQ in the countries included in the analysis. Nonetheless, Dumitrescu and Hurlin's (D-H) causality test results indicated that a bilateral causality existed between REC and EG and CEs, whereas a unilateral causality existed from ETs to CEs. Therefore, it is important to implement more effective policies to increase ETs and REC in terms of a sustainable environment in the relevant countries.


FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to turbo-building and can be used in industries where gas turbines are used, in particular in turbo-pump units of liquid rocket engines. Labyrinth seal-damper for damping the vibration energy of a rotor of a gas turbine rotating in non-contact bearings, containing body having labyrinth sealing sleeve and sealing band of rotor of gas turbine, coaxial labyrinth bushing. And the sealing labyrinth bushing is made of separate sectors. Between the labyrinth bushing and the seal housing is an elastic damper ring. In this case, the seal ledges of the labyrinth sleeve are located between the projections of the sealing band. EFFECT: such a design of a labyrinth seal of a gas turbine excludes mechanical contact of turbine design elements with stator elements of a labyrinth seal and will ensure trouble-free operation during the passage of the first critical (resonant) rotor speed due to damping of turbine vibration energy by an elastic damper ring. 1 cl, 4 dwg


Compared with the traditional electronic reconnaissance receiver, the electronic reconnaissance receiving system using optical frequency comb down-conversion technology can simultaneously down-convert all the electromagnetic signals from the wide-band range (1MHz-20GHz) to the first repetition frequency interval range(DC-110MHz) for reception and measurement. This method can significantly improve the measuring speed and reduce the receiving cost. However, when the captured signal is a type with bandwidth like radar signal, the down-conversion spectrum may be aliased, resulting in the change of signal spectrum shape, which will affect the modulation type identification and frequency recovery of the signal. In order to solve the problem of modulation type identification of radar signals with spectrum aliasing after optical down-conversion, a modulation type identification method based on radar signal auto-correlation feature extraction is proposed in this paper. According to the characteristic that the auto-correlation function is insensitive to the spectrum aliasing after optical down-conversion, this method extracts the type identification features of auto-correlation envelope and its spectrum, such as skewness, kurtosis, impact factor, and finally uses SVM to identification the modulation type. Simulation results show that this identification method can accurately identify the modulation type of radar signal with spectrum aliasing after optical down-conversion, and has good anti-noise performance. When the SNR is higher than -3dB, the identification accuracy of this method for LFM and SIN after optical down-conversion is higher than 99%. For NP, BPSK, QPSK, BFSK, LFM and SIN signals with dynamic SNR between -6db and 10dB , the identification accuracy is more than 95%.


tion of library and course materials, collaboration between the faculty member teaching the class and technology support departments, and more. This book takes a similarly broad approach and encompasses a variety of perspectives. Supporting E-Learning is a well-integrated collection of essays by nine contributors from organizations in both the United Kingdom and the United States who are involved in various aspects of facilitating the e-learning process. Its aim is to present different models and methods of developing and managing an e-learning environment. Since many of the contributors are currently working in the United Kingdom, the language of the book and some of the references to organizations may be somewhat baffling at first to an American reader who may not be familiar with some of the terminology or organization names. However, this is a minor point, and the content of the book is relevant to readers regardless of geographic location. The chapters cover the critical aspects of e-learning such as strategic planning and implementing Managed Learning Environments (MLEs), also known more commonly as Course Management Systems or Learning Management Systems; change management; e-literacy; and collection development as it pertains to supporting e-learning. One of the main themes of this book is collaboration. Managing and planning effective MLEs require librarians and information managers to work closely with others to help make these environments successful. In addition, doing so affords us the opportunity to promote our skills and abilities in managing the information that goes into creating the environment. This book is bound to be of most interest to managers of libraries as the title implies, as well as those who are involved, in any sense, in the planning of the future of their university. Those with less interest in planning or management and more interest in effective instruction in the e-learning environment may find Ruth Colvin Clark and Richard E. Mayer's E-learning and the Science of Instruction (Wiley, 2003) to be more relevant.