LED (light emitting diode) road lamp, by LED lamp pearl, grading lens external member, cable connector, drive power supply, the power mounting panel, the housing main body, the strengthening rib, the arm mounting bracket, the backplate, the protecgulum is constituteed with the back lid, the strengthening rib is fixed on the housing main body, the design of housing main body type of being arc, the left and right sides and the bottom side of housing main body set up air current heat dissipation channel, the LED lamp is fixed on the housing main body by the pearl, join in marriage assembly optical lens external member on the LED lamp pearl, realize automatic pretension with drive power supply and power mounting panel combination back through the edge of power mounting panel and the T type spout on the strengthening rib, then in pushing the T type spout to the strengthening rib on with the arm mounting bracket again behind cable connector and the LED lamp connection, both ends around the housing main body are fixed with the back lid to the protecgulum. The utility model discloses realizing lamps and lanterns convection current, conduction and thermal -radiating optimization, having reduced the wasting of resources of heat sink material, drive power supply installs and use spout pretension structure simultaneously, when the worker had not only been practiced thrift to plug -type installation but also solved the phenomenon that on -the -spot change power took time to take a lot of work.


OF THE DISCLOSURE Apparatus in which there are two channels for receiv ing trains of pulses from a prior particle analyzing device of the Coulter type, each pulse normally having a com panion pulse produced in the particle analyzing device by the same particle, and means are provided for achieving a signal which represents the relationship between pulses. In several embodiments, one pulse is attenuated in ac cordance with a particular factor and then compared with the other in a threshold circuit, so that only pulses of a certain range will produce output signals. In other em bodiments, electronic windows are formed by means of pairs of thresholds, and one signal of each pair is treated by attenuation in two attenuators to provide two signals defining a given range. Only relationships which fall with in the range result in output signals. RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pend ing application Ser. No. 552,232, filed May 23, 1966, and entitled Apparatus For Particle Classification and Analysis. The invention relates generally to apparatus for analyz ing particle-produced electrical pulses, and more par ticularly is concerned with collating apparatus by means of which seriatim analysis of pulses simultaneously pro duced by a Coulter electronic particle analysis device may be accomplished. In the field of particle study it is often important to ascertain the relationship between two pulses of different amplitudes which are respectively produced simultaneously in two channels, this collation required to be accomplished in a relatively short time so as to enable measurement to be made of the next pair of pulses. In other words, where some apparatus produced two trains of pulses, paired substantially time-wise, it is required to collate each pair as produced. The principal object of the invention is to provide ap paratus of this type. The particles which are of interest comprise biological particles such as blood cells, bacteria and the like; and microscopic particles found in industry including powders, slurries, dusts, emulsions and the like. Such particles are capable of being counted and sized by known apparatus which uses a principle that depends upon the passage of a particle in suspension through an electrical sensing zone of such dimensions that the presence of a particle will change significantly the impedance of the zone. This change in impedance is utilized to produce an electrical pulse, the duration of which is the time that the particle requires in passing through the sensing zone, and the amplitude of which is proportional to the volume of the particle. The principle described above is known as the "Coulter principle" and particle analyzing apparatus utilizing this principle is described and claimed in U.S. Patent 2,656,508 issued, Oct. 20, 1953 to Wallace H. Coulter, 5


This paper introduces a new radiating structure inspired by the Split-Ring resonator (SRR) used in some metamaterials structures. It has the advantage of being easily miniaturized and fabricated in planar substrates.


Specifics of downstream migration of juvenile chum salmon of different origin in the Paratunka River (West Kamchatka) are characterized by the analysis materials of collected for 2002-2003. It was found that the beginning and intensity of downstream migration of hatchery juveniles depended mostly on the timing of release from hatchery, whereas these parameters of wild juvenile chum salmon in this river depend ed on environment parameters. Biological parameters of juvenile chum salmon of different origin in the Paratunka River are demonstrated. Dynamics of size-weight parameters of hatchery and wild juvenile chum salmon in this river in the course of down stream migration in the whole is described. The body weight of hatchery juveniles has been revealed reduced to some extent during the mass migration, whereas the size-weight parameters of wild fish demonstrate the tendency of growth during down stream migration in the whole.


Mn-Cu high damping alloy is a twin-type damping alloy. Owing to its martensite twin structure at room temperature, it can convert vibration energy into heat energy, thereby reducing vibration. Although essentially a nonlinear elastic material, Mn-Cu damping alloys are treated as linear elastic materials in current engineering practice. However, introducing a constant damping coefficient alone will produce significant errors when modeling vibration reduction characteristics of the material, especially under impact loading. In this study, vibration test was performed on Mn-Cu damping alloy cantilever beam subjected to an impact load and deviation between the test result and the one of existing modeling method was analyzed. A generalized fractional-order Maxwell model was established to describe the nonlinear constitutive relation of the Mn-Cu damping alloy. Then, the model was extended to the three-dimensional state and a secondary development was performed. Finally, various applications for the damping alloy were explored and the effects of the damping alloy on the vibration characteristics of composite cantilever beam structures subjected to impact loads were investigated with the aim of better understanding the dynamic characteristics and improving the effectiveness of vibration reduction applications using Mn-Cu damping alloy in the future.


Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired social communication and poor adaptation to change; thus, pubertal development may be precarious. Pubertal timing and tempo were measured in 244 youth (7.9% Black, 83.3% White, and 8.7% multiracial) with ASD (N = 140) and typical development (N = 104). Pubertal development was measured using Tanner staging of Genital (G, males), Breast (B, females), and pubic hair (PH) in both sexes at Year 1 (10–13 years), Year 2 (11–14 years), and Year 3 (12–15 years). Nonlinear mixed effects models analyzed interindividual differences in timing and tempo. For both sexes, ASD and higher body mass index were associated with earlier pubertal timing. Males generally exhibited faster tempo than females. Linear regression models did not show associations between pubertal timing and internalizing symptoms at time three. Findings showing advanced pubertal maturation in ASD youth suggest greater risk of psychological, social, and physiological challenges.


: The mandate of Cardinal Francisco de Solis (1755-1775) is considered as one of the most interesting of the 18th Century by the Church historians. The extroversion of the Archbishop joined with his diplomatic skills justify the study of his acts for a better understanding not only of the Sevillian Church but the town itself history too, during a context of transition in the economic, political, social and cultural structures. His government, which will be studied by means of different manifestations, will settle the basis of later reforms and will show the contrast between change attitudes and unmovable thoughts, in the beginnings of the end of the Spanish Old Regime. Palabras archidiócesis Sevilla, arzobispo Francisco Cabildo Catedral, liturgia, caridad, Council, Mandate, Liturgy, Charity, Invoices, Diplomacy.


[Objective]To determine the level of air formaldehyde concentration in workplace and formic acid content in urine of workers with formaldehyde exposure,and verify the value of formic acid in occupational hazard assessment of formaldehyde as biological metabolites.[Methods]Air concentration of formaldehyde and formic acid content in the urine of workers were simultaneously determined in workplace of a wood-based panels manufacturer in Shandong Province.Spearman method was adopted for correlation analysis.[Results]Air concentration of formaldehyde in workplace was positively correlated with formic acid content(r=0.46,P0.05) and the increasing amount of formic acid(r=0.48,P0.05) in workers' urine of shift end.The speculated biological threshold limit value of formic acid content in workers' urine of shift end which matched the MAC value of formaldehyde was urine formic acid content of 34.8 mg/g creatinine or formic acid increasing amount of 24.0 mg/g creatinine.[Conclusion]Formic acid in urine can be taken as biomarker with obvious characteristic in occupational hazard evaluation of formaldehyde exposure.


When the fuzzy factors is in the sample or noise around the classification surface which is the decisive factor for the summary of support vector machines (SVM), the operation results of SVM will be greatly affected. In this case, the noise must be effectively removed to minimize the impact on the sample. Here, the method of "one class to the rest class" is used to establish fault classifier, and a decision algorithm combining binary tree with fuzzy support vector machine is proposed. In this algorithm, the noise points near the classification surface in the samples are removed by SDWFCM (Spacial distance weighted fuzzy C-Means) method firstly. Then, based on the fuzzy feature representation method, the fuzzy support vector machine is improved by combining the fuzzy membership degree determination method and the basis of the threshold determination after fuzzy programming. The support vector machine can effectively process the composite samples of mixed fuzzy samples, in order to accomplish the fault diagnosis of a certain type of equipment.


The Tour de France has, since the late 1960s, made brief inroads into neighbouring countries. (It came briefly to the south of England in 1974 and 1994.) In 2002 it began in the Duchy of Luxembourg. The first two stages (7–8 July) took it south-eastwards from Luxembourg to Saarbrücken in Germany, and the third stage back westwards to Metz, in France. The sporting daily L'Equipe, which descends from the newspaper that first sponsored the Tour, still provides the most extensive coverage (up to five broadsheet pages a day) and perhaps best represents the popular spirit of the event. On 9 July it celebrated the return to France:


Critical thinking is highly valued in educational writings if not in practice. Despite a substantial literature on the subject, for many years the area of critical thinking was notorious for its conceptual diffi culties. For example, years ago Cuban (1984) lamented that "defi ning thinking skills, reasoning, critical thought, and problem solving is troublesome to both social scientists and practitioners. Troublesome is a polite word; the area is a conceptual swamp" (p. 676). There has been some progress in elucidating the concept of critical thinking since the time of Cuban's statement, but we shall argue here that educational theory is on the verge of an even more stunning conceptual advance in the area of critical thinking. Education is beginning to understand the critical thinking concept by relating it to the constructs of intelligence and rational thought. In fact, modern cognitive science provides a coherent framework for understanding the relation between critical thinking, intelligence, and rational thought.


Zip14 is a member of the SLC39A zinc transporter family, which is involved in zinc uptake by cells. Furthermore, up‐regulation of Zip14 by IL‐6 likely contributes to the hepatic zinc accumulation and hypozincemia of inflammation. At least one member of the SLC39A family, IRT1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, is a metal transporter that can transport other trace elements, such as iron and manganese, in addition to zinc. The objective of this study was to analyze the capability of Zip14 to mediate non‐transferrin‐bound iron uptake by transiently transfecting HEK293H cells with mouse Zip14 cDNA. This transfection increased 65Zn uptake by many fold compared to a transfection with vector alone. Addition of ferric citrate inhibited Zip14‐mediated 65Zn uptake in the transfected cells, suggesting that iron competes with zinc for this transporter. After transfection, 59Fe uptake was also assayed by incubating the cells at pH 7.0 with 59Fe‐labeled ferric citrate. Thereafter, cells were treated with the proteolytic enzyme Pronase to remove plasma membrane‐bound iron. Zip14‐overexpressing cells internalized more 59Fe over time (P < 0.05) than did cells transfected with empty vector. After 60 min of incubation, this difference was close to four fold. The addition of a 10‐fold molar excess of the ferrous chelator bathophenanthroline inhibited 90% of Zip14‐mediated iron uptake. Collectively, these results indicate that Zip14 can mediate the uptake of non‐transferrin‐bound ferrous iron by cells at physiologic pH. Since Zip14 is very highly expressed in the liver compared to other tissues, this member of the SLC39A transporter family could be involved in hepatic iron accumulation during iron overload conditions such as hemochromatosis.


ABSTRACT: The Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality uses the Steady Riverine Environmental Assessment Model (STREAM) to establish effluent limitations. While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has approved of its use, questions arise regarding the model's simplicity. The objective of this research was to compare STREAM with the more commonly utilized Enhanced Stream Water Quality Model (QUAL2E). The comparison involved a statistical evaluation procedure based on sensitivity analyses, input probability distribution functions, and Monte Carlo simulation with site‐specific data from a 46‐mile (74‐km) reach of the Big Black River in central Mississippi. Site specific probability distribution functions were derived from measured rates of reaeration, sediment oxygen demand, photosynthesis, and respiration. Both STREAM and QUAL2E reasonably predicted daily average dissolved oxygen (DO) based on a comparison of output probability distributions with observed DO. Observed DO was consistently within 90 percent confidence intervals of model predictions. The STREAM approach generally overpredicted while QUAL2E generally matched observed DO. Using the more commonly assumed lognormal distribution as opposed to a Weibull distribution for two of the sensitive input parameters resulted in minimal differences in the statistical evaluations. The QUAL2E approach had distinct advantages over STREAM in simulating the growth cycle of algae.


Although marked atrophy of the tegmentum of the mid‐brain is a known computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) feature in patients with dentato‐ruburo‐pallido‐luysian atrophy (DRPLA), this is the first report of marked high signal intensity of the globus pallidus on proton and T2‐weighted MR images in a patient in the early stage of DRPLA of the myoclonus epilepsy type. We suggest that the globus pallidus may be involved in the early stage of DRPLA of this type. Magnetic resonance imaging is considered to be useful for the early detection of involvement of the globus pallidus and in the clinical diagnosis of DRPLA.


The collaborative development ofindustry in the region is the core of the regional economic development.Local economic development also based onthe development of the industry.The article introduces the relevant theory about industry collaboration,using the Grey Relational Analysis to evaluate the extent ofcollaborative development in Anhui,analyzing influencing factorsof the coordinated development of regional economy in Anhui Province.As a result,there is policy and suggestion that Anhui should strengthen industrial planning and technical innovation,encouraging the development of industrial clusters model,improving the coordination mechanism between Govenments andbuilding a platform for public policy so as to promote better and faster economicdevelopment of Anhui Province.


The knowledge related to the methodology of the field trial study as a type of intervention studies, yet for many of our researchers is not fully understood. The aim of the current study was a better understanding of conducting this type of research. Field trial studies are done on healthy individuals and aim to prevent. These types of studies such as clinical trials are performed on both individual and collective levels. One type of these studies is Community Intervention Trial which is usually done on a large scale population. Field trial study should be carried out in stages, such as the formulation of hypotheses, selection of the population (reference population, study population, and sampling), measuring the baseline variables (before conducting preventive intervention), random allocation of subjects to intervention and control groups, doing interventions and measuring outcome. The methodology of field trial studies is very similar to clinical trials. The difference is that field trials are conducted on healthy individuals and aim to prevent and also the sample size required to this type of study is relatively more, and these studies are usually time consuming and costly.


This research is for exploring the present situation of Schools' Image Management, Public Relation and School Effectiveness and analyzing the differences and correlation of different background variables as well as prediction and intermediate effects. In this research, teachers and administration staff of public elementary schools in Taoyuan as the population of research. In stratified random sampling, 76 schools, 915 teachers and administration staff were drawn as the samples for the research. Tools of this research are Schools' Image Management Questionnaire, Public Relation Questionnaire and School Effectiveness Questionnaire are employed for survey. 810 sets of questionnaire were mailed out and recovered 795 sets. The usable rate is 98.1%. The recovered copies of questionnaire were processed in descriptive statistics and analyzed in various statistical methods, including -test, ANOVAs, Pearsons Product-Moment Correlation, Multiple Regression and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. The results of the research are concluded as the following: 1. In the Schools' Image Management Perspectives of Elementary school of Taoyuan County, the Professional Image of Teacher scored the highest and the Image of Alumni Performance scored the lowest. In the Public Relation Perspectives, the Support and Cooperation scored the highest and the Planning and Decision Making scores the lowest. In the perspectives of School Effectiveness, Teachers' Instruction Quality scored the highest and the Student Learning Performance scored the lowest; 2. The tested samples are not with significant difference in the overall awareness of School Image Management as resulted from the difference in gender, educational background, and marital status; however, tested samples with difference in age,teaching seniority, job and size of school has significant difference in the overall awareness of school image management. 3. The tested samples are not with significant difference in the overall awareness of public relation as resulted from the difference in gender, age, educational background, seniority in teaching, jobs and; but the tested samples of different marital status and school sizes has significant difference in overall awareness of public relation. 4. The tested samples are not with significant difference in the overall awareness of school effectiveness as resulted from the difference in educational background, seniority in teaching, jobs and marital status; but, the tested samples are with significant difference in the overall awareness of school effectiveness as a result of difference of gender, age,teaching seniority and scale of school; 5. There is significant positive correlation among Schools' Image Management, Public Relation and School Effectiveness; 6. The two variables, Schools' Image Management and Public Relation of elementary schools in Taoyuan County can effectively predict School Effectiveness; 7. Public Relation has intermediating effect on School s' Image Management and School Effectiveness.


The potential application of Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in adsorption processes requires it to be attached to certain substrates. Attachment of (CNT) to powdered activated carbon (PAC) is expected to enhance its ability for many industrial applications such as water treatment, oil refining and gas storage. In this research, the (PAC) was impregnated with 5% weight IronIII ions. The Fe3+ impregnated (PAC) was used as a substrate catalyst for growth of CNTs in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor at a various reaction temperature and flow rates of both the hydrogen gas and carbon source. The yield of CNT was studied using Design expert software in order to determine the optimum production condition The product was characterized by FSEM and TEM to study the optimum catalyst impregnation percentage that gives the best CNT growth and distribution


We present a durable consumption-based asset pricing model with Epstein-Zin preferences and the pricing kernel accommodating the long-run consumption risk. Consumption growth includes a small predictable component as in Bansal and Yaron (2004). The model is estimated with simple econometric techniques once we linearize it around a special case of the elasticity of inter- and intra-temporal substitution equal to one. After including the long-run consumption growth, the estimates of the model parameters become much more realistic and the fit closer to the data than for the case of the contemporaneous consumption growth. For example, the estimate of risk aversion falls from around 200 to 10, and the R2 increases from around 30% to 60%.


We use an establishment-level panel from the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) covering 2000-01 through 2007-08. The ASI sampling frame covers all registered (formal) manufacturing firms. Large firms are considered part of the "Census" sector, and are surveyed every year. Smaller firms are considered part of the "Sample" sector, and are surveyed every few years. The survey provides sampling weights that allow the construction of representative samples at the state-by-industry level. We excluded services and mining establishments from our analysis. We also excluded a few establishments due to missing data or likely data entry errors, such as establishments for which we cannot identify age, and those that always report no employment in our sample period. The main regressions exclude observations in which establishments are flagged as closed, although the last figure that explores the relationship between size, age and growth does include those observations in order to account for entry and exit.


Introduction Meningioma is the most common adult primary brain tumor originating from meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord. Commonly, World Health Organization (WHO) grade-I meningiomas are slowly growing and surgically curative, some present with clinically aggressive behavior, invading the skull base bone and soft tissues by extending into the extracranial spaces. Methods To detect the genetic background of the Skull Base Invasive Low-grade Meningioma (SBILM), we conducted a comprehensive analysis of gene expression was conducted on 32 meningioma samples. Results The cluster analysis of the gene expression profile demonstrated a distinctive clustering pattern of the SBILM. Based on the clinical behavior and the microarray findings, they might be a distinct subgroup of meningiomas. Conclusion Further studies on characterization of genes specifically expressed by the SBILM could lead to the development of diagnostic tools, differentiating it from other WHO grade-I meningiomas and assist in the appropriate management and follow-up strategy, and open the door for development of pharmacological therapies.


This paper deals with a modified technique for the recognition of single stage and multiple power quality (PQ) disturbances. An algorithm based on Stockwell's transform and artificial neural network-based classifier and a rule-based decision tree is proposed in this paper. The analysis and classification of single stage PQ disturbances consisting of both events and variations such as sag, swell, interruption, harmonics, transients, notch, spike, and flicker are presented. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is also applied on multiple PQ disturbances such as harmonics with sag, swell, flicker, and interruption. A database of these PQ disturbances based on IEEE-1159 standard is generated in MATLAB for simulation studies. The proposed algorithm extracts significant features of various PQ disturbances using S-transform, which are used as input to this hybrid classifier for the classification of PQ disturbances. Satisfactory results of effective recognition and classification of PQ disturbances are obtained with the proposed algorithm. Finally, the proposed method is also implemented on real-time PQ events acquired in a laboratory to confirm the validity of this algorithm in practical conditions.


Number's controling processing technology an application be more and more extensive in the machine process,here the logarithms control a car to process in plait distance method,plait the distance step did analysis,and passed a solid example of have the representative to in detail analyze,analyze the whole piece to control the car plait crux and problem within distance.


Infrared spectra are abundant with information about the chemical nature and the molecular structure of chemical systems. Any perturbation to a chemical system is reflected in the infrared spectrum by subtle variations in band positions and shapes. The current contribution demonstrates that such features can be used for the measurement of system variables of crystallization processes such as solubility and supersaturation. In addition, the study demonstrates the consistency of the measurements made using a multitude of IR spectral features.


Vegetable farmers in the city of Payakumbuh still use a lot of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in controlling disease pests and increasing vegetable productivity. The solution that can be given to overcome these problems are by increasing farmers' knowledge about the impact of the use of chemicals on health and the environment and the importance of environmentally sound behavior in farming activities through the application of the Skunda's Message model. This Model is a behavior formation model that is obtained from the combined results of several theories of behavior and needs in the field. The method used in the application of the Skunda's Pesankan model is to conduct workshops on the Importance of Environmental Insight Behavior in Farming Activities, video playback on the Impact of the Use of Chemicals in Farming Activities on the Environment and Health, and a module on Utilizing Natural Materials in Pest and Disease Eradication and Fertilization Activities Vegetable. The results of these activities showed an increase in people's knowledge and enthusiasm for farming without using chemicals. This is evident from the emergence of strong motivation and desire from vegetable farmers to immediately carry out agricultural activities that are free of chemicals. Thus, the application of the Skunda's Pesankan model can increase vegetable farmers' knowledge of environmentally sound behavior in vegetable farming activities in Payakumbuh City.


OTHER PUBLICATIONS (75) Inventor: Philip M. Starhill, Lafayette, CO (US) Oancea, Bogdan; "Improving the Performance of Sparse LU Matrix (73) Assignee: International Business Machines Factorization Using a Supernodal Algorithm'. Journal of Applied Corporation, Armonk, NY (US) Quantitative Methods, vol. 3, No. 2, Summer 2008. Naik et al., "Data Traffic Reduction Schemes for Sparse Cholesky (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Factorizations'. Institute for Computer Applications in Science and patent is extended or adjusted under 35 Engineering; Feb. 1988, pp. 1-35, USA. U.S.C. 154(b) by 309 days. Cosnard et al.: "Using Postordering and Static Symbolic Factoriza tion for Parallel Sparse LU". In Proceedings of the International (21) Appl. No.: 13/487,048 Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), May 1-2, 2000, pp. 807-812. (22) Filed: Jun. 1, 2012 Eswar et al.; "Supernodal Sparse Cholesky Factorization on Distrib uted-Memory Multiprocessors", ICPP Inter. Conf. on, vol. 3, Aug. (65) Prior Publication Data 16-20, 1993, pp. 18-22.


The problem of interacting magnetic sub-lattices is examined within the framework of 'effective field theory'. It is shown that a relation X-1 = ( X0)-1 — λ derived by Bleaney (ɪ963) for a single magnetic sub-lattice,can be generalized to the case of two or more sub-lattices, using the concept of augmented susceptibility tensors. The treatment is quite general in that it allows one to incorporate crystal field effects, isotropic, anisotropic and non-collinear exchange, within a three dimensional framework. In general, the model provides a unifying background for all effective field models and contact is made with both the Neel model of ferrimagnetism and the 'generalized molecular field model'. Criteria are also developed for both 'spin-reorientations' and 'spin-decoupling', in the ordered phase.


Monoclinic and orthorhombic PbCrO4, Pb2CrO5, and K2Pb(CrO4)2 nanocrystallites with different shapes can be selectively synthesized by a room temperature solution reaction without adding any additives. The results demonstrated that the manipulation of pH value and the molar ratio of Pb(Ac)2 and K2CrO4 can effectively affect the formation of polymorphs and phases. This facile room temperature approach provides a useful route for the selective synthesis of lead chromate pigments with different phases and polymorphs, a method which could be extended for other inorganic systems.


Review(s) of: The Case for God: What Religion Really Means, by Karen Armstrong, London: The Bodley Head Ltd., July 2009, ISBN: 978-18-4792-034-8, 384 pages.


Several fuzzy separation axioms have been defined and Investigated by many authors. The purpose of this note Is to compare fuzzy T, -axioms due to Ganguly and saha with ones due to Mutton and Reilly.


Abstract A simple, rapid, specific, and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic assay of chlorpheniramine maleate in tablets has been developed. Reverse phase chromatography was conducted using a mobile phase of 0.05 M ammonium acetate and acetonitrile, (60%, v/v) pH 3.5 with UV detection at 265 nm. The % recovery and coefficient of variation from six placebo tablets containing 4 mg of chlorpheniramine maleate were 100.2, 98.25, and 0.4, 2.2 by the HPLC and B.P. 93 methods, respectively. Replicate regression analyses of three standard plots in the concentration range 0.5 - 20 mcg/mL obtained on three different days gave a correlation coefficient >0.9998 and a coefficient of variation of the slopes <1.54%. The assay was precise within day and between days as indicated by ANOVA test. The average percentage recoveries from 10 replicate tablets of chlorpheniramine maleate was 101.35 and 100.464 of the label amount, and their coefficients of variation were 0.8 and 4.6 by the HPLC and B.P. 93. methods,...


The thesis lays stress on analyzing the risks in the SCM from bullwhip of effect, principal-agent relation and internet security and so on, and then gives the countermeasure.


of a set of time points. This set can used as a domain for time point variables, such as the variable above. This approach of using time points is more declarative than ours because it hides the implementation detail of using a set of pairs of time intervals and values to implement the partial function from time points to values. It is not clear, however , whether this higher level of abstraction leaves more opportunities for optimization or whether it is more user-friendly. We believe that their approach is not well-suited to version control, since version control inherently requires to associate one time interval with a version. Another temporal OODB model is proposed by Cheng and Gadia [3]. Their temporal OODB language, called TempSQL, is based on temporal expressions, which map boolean predicates to temporal domains. For example, the temporal expression returns the time period (lifespan) in which the salary of the employee was greater than 15K. Such temporal expressions have also been used in the temporal query language GORDAS proposed by Elmasri and Wuu for the extended Entity-Relationship model [6]. 5 Conclusion We have presented an extension to the ODMG-93 model that incorporates a time dimension to data. In contrast to other models, time dimension in our model is an orthogonal property of data types. We have also presented an extension to OQL to accommodate time information. These language extensions are minimal, uniform, and easy to understand. As a future work, we are planning to extend our model with parameterized types for representing transaction time and bi-temporal queries, and for representing time-series data and calendars. In addition, we are planning to design an optimization framework to evaluate the TOQL language constructs efficiently using currently proposed temporal evaluation techniques. We are also planning to work on the specification of the temporal integrity constraints and their use on semantic query optimization. 7 interface attribute attribute in in in in in parameterized type Structure attribute attribute attribute in raises in raises in in in in The TOQL syntactic constructs are translated into the following OQL expressions: If a temporal variable is mentioned in a query (in a term other than or), it is translated into. A projection , where expression is of type is translated first into. For example, Queries 1 and 2 are translated as follows: select from in in where select from in in struct in where Updating an element …


The study was conducted to detect the Giardiasis in apparently healthy cattle by using direct ELISA technique. 85 fecal samples were collected and preserved in formalin saline 10% until testing. 76.4% (65 out of 85) of samples were revealed positive result of infection, and highest rate was recorded among young and males. The study revealed that there is highly distribution of Giardiasis among the apparently healthy cattle, and the calves and males are more infective.


Online-radicalization researches automation is considered to be one of the currently important tasks of contemporary sociology. On one side, the Internet data accessibility, including social networks data, provides unique opportunities from the perspective of coverage of the phenomena and processes under study. On the other side, notwithstanding the increased availability of Data Science tools, the potency of their use depends equally on both the corresponding skills and the applied subject area competence. The present work introduces the experience of an interdisciplinary research group in adapting and applying the automated data harvesting and preprocessing tools of online radicalization. Assessment toolkit of words relevancy in posts has been considered on the basis of TF-IDF statistical measure. The hypothesis about the closedness of radical on-line communities in "echo-chambers" has been verified and partially confirmed.


In this paper, we study on DOA estimation error reduction by nested array in the presence of correlated waves. In recent years, at simple array signal processing technique called nested array has been proposed. By using the technique, degrees-of-freedom of the array can be easily increased. However, accuracy of DOA estimation deteriorates when correlated or coherent waves arrived. Therefore, in this report, we propose a new method for error reduction by using N-th root of matrix. The optimal order N depends on the data. In this study, we also provide an iterative method to determine a sub-optimal N by using estimated correlation coefficients. Availability of the proposed method is verified by computer simulation.


Recently there have been a number of calls for the "democratization" of Canadian foreign policy, most insistently from Lloyd Axworthy, former Liberal External Affairs critic. Moreover, these calls are seemingly in line with the rise of populism in Canadian politics. This article suggests that we should be skeptical, however. While proposals to make Canada's foreign policy more democratic sound appealing at first, they have not been thought through properly. This article suggests that the would‐be democratizers have it all wrong: their proposals for greater democratization in Canadian foreign policy are little more than techniques of elite management that have little to do with democracy. Rather, this article suggests a different path to a democratized foreign policy process.


The recent developments in large solid angle x-ray detectors [1] has not only increased the ability of microanalysts today to perform high spatial resolution spectroscopy in the Analytical Electron Microscope (AEM) during materials science investigations, but it has also opened up opportunities to begin studying more challenging systems involving soft-matter and/or biological systems including experiments involving cryo-EM. In order to assess the viability of the new detector geometries, experiments have been performed using an FEI Titan AEM, equipped with the most recent generation of Dual X and is a soft matter system studied consisting of a polyamide film ~ 100 nm in thickness, via interfacial polymerization of m -phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride which was subsequently incubated in heavy metal ion solutions. After aqueous solution of salts, the film was on a gold mesh Quantafoil carbon film, studied in-vacuuo. High beam currents, long analysis times to beam of the polyamide. Multi-frame hyperspectral image measurements conducted at 200 kV at < 200 pA beam current, dwell times of 100 usec/pixel, drift correction and the Dual X system in a high visibility low background Be is a hyperspectral


This paper describes a scheme we have used to manage a large library written in the C++ language. The scheme imposes a directory structure, and represents dependency hierarchy in a globally accessible file we call the 'prelude' file. We also discuss the structure of the description files (makefiles) used with the UNIX options we have found to be useful in reducing the size of the library, and how to minimize recompilation time after trivial changes to the source code of the library.


We have fabricated GaAs oxides by using atomic force microscope (AFM)‐assisted anodic oxidation at various bias voltages, Vox, and studied their chemical compositions and thermal stabilities. The oxides grown at bias voltages less than 30 V desorbed after standard thermal cleaning in molecular beam epitaxy, while the oxide patterns fabricated at Vox≥40 V survived on the surface. We have further investigated the chemical composition of the oxides by X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. It has been found that the AFM oxides grown at Vox∼10 V predominantly consist of Ga2O and GaO, whereas those grown at Vox∼50 V contain a Ga2O3‐component. This result indicates that the better thermal stability of AFM oxides grown at Vox≥40 V can be attributed to the formation of Ga2O3. We grew a GaAs buffer layer on the oxide nanomasks and obtained nanoholes. After supplying InAs, selective dot nucleation took place in the nanoholes, resulting in successful formation of site‐controlled QDs.


Reflecting on his involvement in the composition of "administrator competency statements" in the Province of Ontario, the author examines the relationship and the differences between accountability and the current quest for standards in the field of education. Making reference to the concept of "language-games" developed by Wittgenstein, he argues that the attempt to reduce complex and elusive questions of educational accountability to monitored compliance with unambiguous standards is conceptually misleading and pragmatically unproductive. The focus upon leadership standards is traced to Frederick Taylor's engineering sub-discipline of scientific management, which was preoccupied with finding the "one best method" for the accomplishment of work. Following Gilbert Ryle's distinction between "knowing that" and "knowing how," and underscoring the value of professional discernment, the author concludes that leadership standards and their implementation may solve the problem of compliance at the cost of depriving education of the very leaders needed to meet the varied and often unpredictable issues characteristic of irreducibly human enterprises.


The current study is a quantitative research that aims to throw light on the place of students' views on contextual vocabulary teaching in conformity with Constructivism (CVTC) in the field of foreign language teaching. Hence, the study investigates whether any significant correlation exists between the fourth year university students' attitudes concerning CVTC in terms of their individual differences and their achievement scores. In this sense, a case-specific attitude scale was also developed for the purpose of the study. The results juxtaposed with the previous findings in the literature indicate that CVTC would serve new benefits for the interests of foreign language teaching.


This article provides a brief overview of current global trends in the development of a sustainable economy, as well as investment trends. Among the identified trends, the following are noted: the predominance of economic interests of states over political differences, the formation of a multipolar world, the rapid growth rates of technologization and digitalization, their merging with all spheres of life, the rapid development of the IT sphere, the formation of new energy trends against the background of the structural transformation of energy balances, qualitative methodological changes in the field of education, demographic and environmental problems, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, the needs in the field of international investment are significantly high. Problems related to the role of investments in the development of the world economy are considered. The issues of using investment resources to achieve the goals of sustainable development of the world economy are gaining priority. It is noted that for the implementation of an effective economic policy, countries need to attract foreign investment. The analysis carried out in the article confirms that the investment attractiveness of the country, the stability of the national financial system, and the legal protection of entrepreneurship play a decisive role in attracting foreign direct investment.


A review of Kotik — The Baby Seal , by Angele Delaunois; Nanook and Naoya the Polar Bear Cubs , by Angele Delaunois; See, Make and Do at the Seashore , by Pamela Hickman; Oceans — Looking at Beaches and Coral Reefs, Tides and Currents, Sea Mammals and Fish, Seaweeds and other Ocean Wonders , by Adrienne Mason; Welcome to the World of Whales , by Diane Swanson; The Ocean's Garden , by Daniel Porter.


Background The explosive growth in known human gene variation presents enormous challenges to current approaches for variant classification that impact diagnosis and treatment of many genetic diseases. For disorders caused by mutations in cardiac ion channels, such as congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS), in vitro electrophysiological evidence has high value in discriminating pathogenic from benign variants, but these data are often lacking because assays are cost-, time- and labor-intensive. Methods and Results We implemented a strategy for performing high throughput, functional evaluations of ion channel variants that repurposed an automated electrophysiology platform developed previously for drug discovery. We demonstrated success of this approach by evaluating 78 variants in KCNQ1, a major LQTS gene. We benchmarked our results with traditional electrophysiological approaches and observed a high level of concordance. Our results provided functional data useful for classifying ~70% of previously unstudied KCNQ1 variants annotated with uninformative descriptions in the public database ClinVar. Further, we show that rare and ultra-rare KCNQ1 variants in the general population exhibit functional properties ranging from normal to severe loss-of-function indicating that allele frequency is not a reliable predictor of channel function. Conclusions Our results illustrate an efficient and high throughput paradigm linking genotype to function for a human cardiac channelopathy that will enable data-driven classification of large numbers of variants and create new opportunities for precision medicine.


Welcome to the 2013 ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games! This year's symposium is being held March 21--23 in Walt Disney Resort, Orlando. I3D 2013 marks the 17th meeting of the symposium. Ever since its first meeting 27 years ago, I3D has been a vibrant, stimulating, and collegial meeting place for researchers, practitioners, students, and enthusiasts in the area of interactive computer graphics techniques. Along the way, I3D has evolved along with the field of interactive graphics. It has grown from a workshop held every other year into an annual symposium, and it has broadened its scope in several areas, including computer games. The I3D 2013 symposium, as in 2012, is collocated with IEEE Virtual Reality 2013 and the IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interface 2013. This collocation brought together these overlapping research groups successfully in 2012, and we hope this tradition continues and provides ample opportunity for sharing ideas and technologies between these three communities in which interactive graphics techniques play a central role.


Many of the important traits of livestock are complex or quantitative traits controlled by thousands of variants in the DNA sequence of individual animals and environmental factors. Identification of these causal variants would be advantageous for genomic prediction, to understand the physiology and evolution of important traits and for genome editing. However, it is difficult to identify these causal variants because their effects are small and they are in linkage disequilibrium with other DNA variants. Nevertheless, it should be possible to identify probable causal variants for complex traits just as we do for simple traits provided we compensate for the small effect size with larger sample size. In this review we consider eight types of evidence needed to identify causal variants. Large and diverse samples of animals, accurate genotypes, multiple phenotypes, annotation of genomic sites, comparisons across species, comparisons across the genome, the physiological role of candidate genes and experimental mutation of the candidate genomic site.


A safe, reliable and scalable process for the preparation of N-Boc-2-tert-butyldimethylsiloxy-pyrrole (TBSOP) is described. In a three-step, one-pot sequence (±)-4-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid was converted to N-Boc-4-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidinone. This stable crystalline product was isolated by filtration directly from the reaction mixture. Dehydration followed by enolization and silylation produced the target compound without the need for chromatographic purification. The process was demonstrated in the pilot plant to make multikilogram quantities of material in 85% overall yield.


The low-temperature electrical and thermal resistivities of potassium are calculated as functions of temperature and impurity concentration. Realistic phonon spectra are used for computing the electronphonon interaction. The variational calculation of the transport coefficients employs a trial distribution function which contains a nontrivial dependence on both the energy and the angular coordinates, so that deviations from Matthiessen's rule (DMR) in the electrical resistivity may be calculated to better accuracy than previously possible. Both the energy and the angular dependence are found to be relevant for the electrical resistivity, and the improved calculation gives good agreement with the experimentally observed DMR. For the thermal resistivity our results agree with previous ones; the angular dependence is found to be unimportant, and as a result we obtain essentially no improvement over calculations which use energy-dependent trial functions. The lack of agreement with the observed DMR in the thermal case tends to confirm the earlier conclusion that another mechanism is involved.


Satisfactory as local anaesthesia can be, when the anaesthetic limits are trespassed by the operator, the distress produced may have more far-reaching effects than is generally supposed. Success d"pends as much upon a knowledge of the regional nerve supply as upon an appreciation of the extent to which it can be effectively blocked. A spinal subarachnoid block up to the level of the fourth or fifth dorsal segment does not adequately protect the stomach from traumatic impulses, for although the splanchnic nerves are given off below this the vagi remain intact. While these may be blocked in this area by infiltrating the anterior and posterior parts of the oesophagus with novocain, it may be that other organs in the peritoneal cavity require to be dealt with. If the operator is capable of such gentle handling as not to cause vagal distress, then much can be achieved inside the abdomen with local methods. It may be that this is the only possible way for a successful issue. Broadly speaking, local analgesia is not a good method for operations on the abdominal viscera in which much trauma is anticipated. 'When adequate control is not possible, then general anaesthesia is indicated. There are circumstances when the pathology is such that a certain amount of handling of the tissues is necessary which could hardly be described as gentle. It is in these cases that local analgesia fails. Premedication allays nervous apprehension and may even result in amnesia. Omnopon grains 2/3rds, and scopolamine, grains I/I5oth, serves in the case of healthy adults of over twelve stones weight; ormnopon, grains I/3rd, and scopolamine, grains 1/150th, for those between this and seven stones; while for adult patients under this the doses are reduced to I/6th and I/3ooth grain respectively (and in the case of children morphine is given by body weight, i/4oth grain per stone). If little or no drowsiness results a further injection of omnopon may be given intravenously. The administration must be made slowly and in fractional doses of I/6th grain till the required effect is obtained. Basal narcosis with local'analgesia is unsatisfactory as it is unreliable, and may result in a state in which the patient becomes unmanageable, moving about, and possibly requiring restraint, with danger to the sterile field. Amnesia does not mean that there has not been any mental shock, nor does it signify that nocciceptive impulses have been blocked. It is not uncommon, however, for a patient to ask when his operation is to be done after it has actually been accomplished. I have on record the case of a man,, aged forty-five years, who had a palliative gastroenterostomy for a carcinoma. He was small in stature and pale, but there was no apparent cachexia. After omnopon and scopolamine he was drowsy, but not asleep, and a field block of the abdominal wall was carried out. The peritoneum was also infiltrated with novocain, but this was all. Nothing unt6ward occurred except at critical phases, such as when the stomach was delivered out of the peritoneal cavity, and towards the end of the operation when the viscera were returned before suture of the abdominal wall. At these times the patient groaned out loud, and there was some distress. There was a moderate but temporary fall in blood pressure. Two days later he complained bitterly that he had been in hospital long enough, and that it was time his operation was done. Three days later he died after a period in which the pulse rate kept rising, but nothing else abnormal was detected. There was no autopsy, but the impression at the time was that the myocardium had failed. In this type of fatality, where the diagnosis is uncertain, the question of internal haemorrhage, or extravasion of blood under cover of a serous membrane, must be considered. In the case described, the abdomen was soft and not distended, and there was no increase in pallor. An examination of this case reveals two points:


. South Sulawesi is one of the provinces in Indonesia which geographically is a marine-based area with huge potential of marine resources. In sea resources exploration activities are often found obstacles caused by the variability of weather and climate that affect the condition of South Sulawesi waters. Limited availability of weather data in the waters of South Sulawesi Province has caused difficulties in analyzing and identifying conditions in these waters. The use of the MODIS Aqua satellite and Altimetry can be used as a solution in the analysis and identification of water conditions. Aqua MODIS satellite data used in this study is the sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a data while the Altimetry satellite data used is significant wave height data. In addition, Niño 3.4 Index are used as supporting data to identify the weather and climate phenomena that occur in the waters of South Sulawesi in this case are El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena. SST and chlorophyll-a data are used as indicators in determining fish catch potential and significant wave height data are used to determine the effective time in fishing activities in the waters of South Sulawesi Province. The results showed that a significant wave peak height in the waters of South Sulawesi occurred in July. The highest chlorophyll-a average occurred in August when the average SST showed the lowest value or when the El Niño event occurred.


Computer Generated Tank is a main part of land forces combat simulation system.The model is composed of move model,detecting object model,fire model and so on.Aiming at the process of tank detecting object,the main influences of the optical reconnaissance and the scanning-finding-recognising process of detecting objects were researched.A reasonable military detecting conceptual model of tank and its mathematics models were built based on the process.A simulation experiment was implemented to test the model on conditions of different vegetation,different visibility and different in a single-to-single tank combat simulation system.And the model was validated by the results from "human-in-loop" tank simulator data,history data and road-test data.


Web-based commerce is rife with scenarios where a party needs to trust properties of computation and data storage occurring at a remote machine, operated by a different party with different interests. In our WebALPS project, we have used off-the-shelf hardware and open source software to build trusted co-servers co-resident with Web servers, and bring the secure SSL channel all the way into these trusted co-servers. In this paper, we survey how this tool can be used to systematically address privacy and security issues in e-commerce.


A new replacement analysis methodology is developed and demonstrated to determine system-level component replacement schedules for electricity distribution systems composed of sets of heterogeneous assets. The proposed model is an iterative combined dynamic programming and integer programming approach to obtain cost-efficient system-level component replacement schedules with the objective of minimizing the total net present value of unmet demand (considering the system availability), maintenance, and purchase costs over a finite planning horizon. There is an annual budget limiting total expenditures for maintenance and replacement costs that limits the selection of component replacement schedules.


Trends and Technology welcomes releases and information about new products, services, Web sites, trends, and upcoming events (give us six months lead time for seminars and meetings). If your company has a Web site that you would like for us to review, please send us news for our Online section, or tell us about sites that would interest clinical laboratory scientists. These sites, as well as the new product information, are offered for reader information only. We cannot vouch for them and their presence here does not constitute an endorsement by CLS or ASCLS. FDA APPROVALS The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the first rapid assay screening test that physicians can use in their offices to help diagnose patients with bladder cancer. The FDA approved Matritech's NMP22® BladderChek™ test, which detects a bladder cancer nuclear matrix protein in urine of patients. Contact (617) 928-0820, ext. 248, or visit www.matritech.com. NEW PRODUCTS Tecan US has announced a strategic alliance with GE Medical Systems for Tecan's front-end Genesis FE500 Workcell. Together, the two companies plan to enhance clinical diagnostics lab output using Tecan's state-of-the-art robotic equipment to enhance sample flow, coupled by world-class customer service by GE Medical Systems. As a modular, compact front-end automation workcell, the Genesis FE500 combines all pre-analytical functions including pre-sorting, centrifugation, volume check and clot detection, decapping, secondary tube labeling, aliquotting and destination sorting into analyzer racks from a variety of manufacturers. Contact GE Medical Systems Britt Zarling, at (262) 544-3453. Leica Microsystems introduces the…


This study looked at the impact of profitability, leverage, and sales growth on profit management practices in mining sub-sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2020 period. A total of 30 companies were selected by the purposive sampling method, and hypothesis testing was carried out by multiple regression analysis. Profit management is a strategy used by managers to improve the performance of a company. One of the factors that motivate profit management practices is the stability of profitability. The results showed that profitability, leverage, and sales growth had an effect on profit management practices in mining sub-sector companies for the 2018-2020 period.


Objective Analysis clinical manifestations of traumatic brain infarction,seek appropriate and effective method of treatment.Methods Recalling circumstances of diagnosis and treatment about 56 cases of traumatic brain infarction in our hospital hospitalized.Results In the 56 cases of traumatic brain infarction,there were 25 cases of Small infarction(less than 3 cm)(44.64%),18 cases of middle infarction(3 to 5 cm)(32.14%) and 13 cases of large infarction(5 cm above)(23.21%).Surgical treatment 20 cases,the skull and neck traction braking six cases,conservative treatment of 30 cases.Prognosis:Good 38 cases(41.45%),The mildly disabled 12 cases(21.42%),the severely disabled 2 cases(3.57%),plants survive 1 cases(1.79%),died three cases(5.36%).Conclusion Carefully observate illness of traumatic brain injury patients,Timely review brain CT,Early discover traumatic brain infarction and appropriately treat them,Significantly improve the prognosis.


Recently, there are many coherent corporations between dominant corporation and subordinated corporation. If two companies were formed the relation of controlled and subordinated corporation, the two companies can not but occur a lot of complicated problems. Particularly, when the dominant corporation exercise his power and occur damage against the subordinated corporation, we find out who is responsible for the results and who take an action against directors, officers and related parties. By the traditional Corporate law, in such cases, the shareholders and the creditors of dominant corporation take the directors and the officers of their corporation to account for the wrongdoing or negligent act. On the contrary, the shareholders and the creditors of subordinated corporation also take the directors and the officers of their corporation to account for the such act. However, the shareholders and the creditors of subordinated corporation can not hold the responsibility for the such act on the directors and officers of the controlling corporation, not the subordinated corporation. As gathered from the U.S. cases, if the dominant or majority stockholder exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of the corporation or the transaction or conduct in question by virtue of the person's position as a shareholder, he must fulfill his fiduciary duty as a trustee. Furthermore, to keep such duty is satisfied with the two requirement of good faith and fairness. Also, The American Institute(ALI) made a rule on the duty of fair dealing in the Principle of the Corporate Governance. Therefore, In this article, I will examine thoroughly the problem related the duty of fair dealing(Namely, what is the duty of fair dealing and who are the one performed the duty etc.) and present the solving ideas when the related problem happen in our country.


Rural tourism is one kind of the late-model tour way relying on the country.Rural tourism has already entered fast developing period since it produces more than 20 years ago in our country.However,restricted by more and more various negative factors,sustainable development is not easy to be accomplished.Based on these facts,it is very necessary for us to put forward the countermeasure of promoting rural tourism sustainable developing.


Extracts from either bean chloroplasts or etioplasts stimulate photophosphorylation in partially deficient chloroplast residues. Both extracts contain a latent Ca2+-dependent ATPase but the specific activity of the chloroplast extract is about sevenfold higher. The etioplast ATPase appears to have identical properties to a spinach chloroplast ATPase that has been shown to be a modified coupling factor for photophosphorylation.


Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and hormonal disorder afflicting approximately 5%–20% of all women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized with hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation, and a polycystic ovarian morphology. The syndrome features heterogeneous manifestations, such as hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, and obesity. Women with PCOS are at higher risk of developing multiple metabolic comorbidities and subsequent cardiovascular complications even beyond childbearing age. Several studies have suggested that neonates born to PCOS mothers differ from the reference population and show wide disparities in anthropometrics, such as birth weight. Recent evidence also indicated associations between endocrineand metabolic-related changes and offspring birth weight. For example, glycemic traits, including fasting glucose, 2 h glucose, and HbA1C, may affect offspring birth weight. Considering the strong relationship between insulin resistance and metabolic changes in PCOS, hypothesizing the potential effects of PCOS on offspring birth weight is reasonable. Previous observational studies revealed that controlling all possible confounders and giving unbiased estimates when investigating the causal effect of PCOS on birth weight are difficult. Given that birth weight has long been postulated to determine an individual's predisposition to adult diseases, identifying the influence of maternal-origin exposures on birth weight is essential to unravel the precise etiophysiology of PCOS. Mendelian randomization (MR) has been widely and successfully applied as a robust methodological approach to obtain causal inferences; it mainly utilizes genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and summary statistics of single nucleotide polymorphisms. MR utilizes genetic variants associated with potentially modifiable exposures as ideal instrumental variables to derive conclusions on the causality of health outcomes. An independent assortment of alleles in Mendelian inheritance resembles the randomized allocation of participants. In contrast to conventional methods, MR is less prone to confounding or measurement errors or reverse causation. This study was conducted to assess the possible causal effect of maternal PCOS on offspring birth weight using a twosample MR design. First, we obtained summary statistics of PCOS from the largest GWAS meta-analysis available; this dataset included 10,074 cases and 103,164 controls of European descent collected by the International PCOS Consortium. This study incorporated seven cohorts based on the NIH database (2,540 cases; 15,020 controls), Rotterdam Criteria (2,669 cases; 17,035 controls), and self-reported diagnosis (5,184 cases; 82,759 controls). Day et al. demonstrated minimal differences in genetic architecture across three diagnostic criteria for PCOS regardless of its clinical heterogeneity; hence, we utilized overall effect estimates derived from a meta-analysis of all available participants. Effect estimates were adjusted for age and presented as log-odds changes per additional effect allele. Data on offspring birth weight were obtained from the Early Growth Genetics Consortium and UK Biobank. Warrington et al. performed a Europeanancestry meta-analysis on birth weight. They partitioned the genetic contributions of direct fetal and indirect maternal effects by establishing a structural equation model utilizing the available phenotype information of individuals in two generations and the genotype information of older individuals; they then generalized this equation to


The invention relates to a two-part assembly comprising: a) a housing (2) having a bottom (6) delimiting at least one compartment (8a-8c) intended to contain at least a first product, in particular make-up (P1, P2 , P3), and at least one cover (10a, 10b) mounted on said bottom so as, selectively, to occupy an open position or a closed position in which it (they) covers (nt) detachably, said (or said) compartment (s) .b) a case (4) for containing a second product (P4) removably mounted on the housing (2); characterized in that said case (4) is mounted on the housing so as not to be detached from the housing in the open position (or at least one of) cover (s) (10a). Advantageously, the first product (P1, P2, P3) is a pressed powder, and the second product (P4) is a lipstick in stick.


Somatotropic variants of mouse pituitary thyrotropic tumor strains have been induced by prolonged suppression of implants of the parent tumor through thyroid hormone feeding. Markedly enlarged livers developed in host mice implanted with these variant tumors. Histologically, there were unique changes in the nuclei of such liver cells, suggesting inclusion bodies. Similar ""inclusions" were present in the tumor cell nuclei. Electron microscopic examination suggested that the hepatic and tumor "inclusions" might be infoldings of the cell cytoplasm into the nuclei. The changes in the liver cell nuclei were shown to be hormonally dependent, since they appeared only after the tumor implant was well established and disappeared subsequent to surgical removal of the tumor. The question of viral origin of the nuclear changes was raised by the presence of particles within vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, suggesting virus particles. (Endocrinology 75: 66, 1964)


Abstract In construction sites, safety issue has always been a threatening risk that must be taken seriously. In order to improve the safety management capability of construction site, this paper establishes a construction site fall hazard management system. This system takes computer vision instead of sensor systems as an information exchange bridge between the physical construction site and the virtual model. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a deep learning-based approach to achieve bi-directional information exchange from physical construction sites to digital models. To train the deep learning model, this paper builds a dataset containing approximately 4000 images from multiple sources to detect on-site safety risks. This paper also proposes a method for acquiring coordinates of workers and risk sources, then establishes an automated safety management framework based on the real-time locations of risk sources and workers. The effectiveness of this safety management framework is verified through a case study comparing the differences between safety officers and the automated system. In addition, the method proposed in this paper integrating building information modeling (BIM) with the real construction process, achieving bi-directional coordination between the digital level and the physical level, providing data basis for intelligent construction.


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The reactions of the molecular ion have been studied as a function of the ion kinetic energy for methyl fluoride and methyl chloride. The following reactions are observedFor methyl fluoride (X = F) reactions c and d have kinetic energy thresholds and become significant at high ion energies. For CH3Cl (X = Cl) reaction a is not observed and reactions c and d are of only minor importance at high ion energies. Rate coefficients for the molecular ions and a number of fragment ions as well as rate coefficients for further reaction of CH4X+ are reported.


While research has identified a variety of hybrid governance structures, it has described and sought to explain this variety from different theoretical perspectives that are not readily reconcilable. This limits our ability systematically to compare different types of hybrids and on this basis to further theoretical understanding. Results of an empirical survey of transactions in buyer–supplier relations in the German construction industry provide novel insights into three distinct, widely employed types of hybrid governance structures. The study systematically compares the found hybrid governance structures and explores their rationales. As its main theoretical contribution, this study offers an empirically based typology of hybrid governance structures that complements earlier theorizing. It suggests that embeddedness and transaction cost arguments complement one another in explaining different and previously theoretically unspecified types of hybrid governance structures.


The present investigations were carried to evaluate the trapping efficiency of three different yellow sticky traps for monitoring of aphid population in groundnut with relation to weather factors. The aphid population was found comparatively higher during January to March every year. The number of aphid (alates) caught was significantly higher on inverted dust bin traps followed by round plate traps and rectangular tray trap.


Analytic Network Process (ANP) has been widely used in solving many complicated decision making problems. An approach to acquire the comprehensive weights of interval-valued Analytic Network Process (IV-ANP) is proposed. Firstly, the independent local interval-valued weights are obtained by solving the goal programming for interval-valued pairwise comparison matrices. Based on the interaction and feedback relationships among criteria and/or indices, an unweighted interval-valued supermatrix is formed. To avoid loss of information, an extreme value method is developed for acquiring the global weights of IV-ANP. Secondly, the alternatives are ranked on the basis of interval-valued preference order. Finally, with the interaction and feedback relationships between criteria and/or indices being considered, an index system for assessing the risk of dynamic alliance is presented. With the uncertain and inaccurate information during the evaluation process being considered, the proposed IV-ANP method is applied for risk assessment of dynamic alliance, and sensitivity analyses for some key risk factors are performed to show their impacts on the risk levels of alliance enterprises.


Particularities of the multilayered "Ti – Al3Ti" composites structure formation were investigated. Spark plasma sintering of Ti and Al plates in cylindrical molds at the temperature of 830 оС and pressure of 3 kN during 5 minutes was found to be the most efficient technology of formation of materials with intermetallic layers. The regime described above allows fabricating material with high-quality intermetallic layers and with microhardness level up to 3800 MPa.


Recently, contradicting results concerning magnetotransport experiments on n-InSb at liquid helium temperatures have been reported by various authors. The authors' experiments show that the assumption of the existence of a conducting surface layer due to soldering of tin contacts to the samples is not valid. Experiments on samples treated by careful etching procedures have proven the sign change of the Hall effect and the saturation of the transverse magnetoresistance to be bulk effects.


PLC was applied to rebuilt the electric control system for DF 5 locomotive.This paper presents the characteristics of the PLC control system and gives the design method for key programs.


P wave travel time anomalies from Kazakh explosions dunng the years 1965-1972 were studied with refe~nce to Jeffreys Bullen (1952) and Herrin Travel time tables (l 968~ ani discussed Jlsing F r~tio lest at seven stations in Himachal Pradesh. For these events. the temporaland spatial variations 0, travel time residual! wereexamined from the point of view of long term changes in velocity known to precede earthquakesand localgeology. The results show preference for Herrin Travel tim: tables at !hcse epicentral distance s from Kazakh explosions: F ratio test indicated thatvariation between sample means of differen t stat ~ons In .th~ network showed more van . ation than can be attributed to the sampling error. Although the spatial vana!lo~ of mean residua ls (19651972) could generally bee~pl',\ incd on the ~lsis. of the local geologr. the temporal vanauons of such rc:s1~lIa ls from Kazakh explosions offer limited application In the tesnng of dilatancy model of earthquake prediction.


A two layer data hiding method for RGB color image has been proposed in this paper. It is an enhancement of Wu and Tsai's method (PVD) and J. K. Mandal's method (Color Image Steganography Based on Pixel Value Differencing in Spatial Domain). J. K. Mandal's method will be referred as "Color PVD" in this research paper. Proposed method is relatively secure and efficient in term of data hiding capability and quality of stego image. Caesar cipher is considered to play the role of security wall for this approach. Difference of pixel pairs (non overlapping consecutive pixels in the cover image) drives the data hiding capacity of this method. Two layer data hiding and LZW compression technique are also involved to enlarge the data hiding capability of this method. In second layer of data hiding, left pixel of the pixel pair is considered as right pixel and viceversa to improve the stego image quality. Stego image in this technique is totally indistinguishable from the original image by the human eye and it is secure against the RS detection attack. Beside this it also avoids falling of boundary problem of the pixels.


Objective: This study aims to present literature providing researchers with insights on specific fields of research and highlighting the major issues in the research topics. A systematic review is suggested using content analysis on literatures regarding "visual search", "eye movement", and "eye track". Background: Literature review can be classified as "narrative" or "systematic" depending on its approach in structuring the content of the research. Narrative review is a traditional approach that describes the current state of a study field and discusses relevant topics. However, since literatures on specific area cover a broad range, reviewers inherently give subjective weight on specific issues. On the contrary, systematic review applies explicit structured methodology to observe the study trends quantitatively. Method: We collected meta-data of journal papers using three search keywords: visual search, eye movement, and eye track. The collected information contains an unstructured data set including many natural languages which compose titles and abstracts, while the keyword of the journal paper is the only structured one. Based on the collected terms, seven categories were evaluated by inductive categorization and quantitative analysis from the chronological trend of the research area. Results: Unstructured information contains heavier content on "stimuli" and "condition" categories as compared with structured information. Studies on visual search cover a wide range of cognitive area whereas studies on eye movement and eye track are closely related to the physiological aspect. In addition, experimental studies show an increasing trend as opposed to the theoretical studies. Conclusion: By systematic review, we could quantitatively identify the characteristic of the research keyword which presented specific research topics. We also found out that the structured information was more suitable to observe the aim of the research. Chronological analysis on the structured keyword data showed that studies on "physical eye movement" and "cognitive process" were jointly studied in increasing fashion. Application: While conventional narrative literature reviews were largely dependent on authors" instinct, quantitative approach enabled more objective and macroscopic views. Moreover, the characteristics of information type were specified by comparing unstructured and structured information. Systematic literature review also could be used to support the authors" instinct in narrative literature reviews.


This research is entitled Semiotics Analysis on Historical Memes in Eno Bening's Tweet Replies. The study concerns with all the way the researchers explore the meaning of representamen/signs on either non-verbal and verbal data of historical memes in Eno Bening's tweet replies. The method used in this paper is descriptive qualitative analysis where the researchers describe the meaning of the memes. The researchers also use semiotics analysis proposed by Pierce's semiotic analysis (1994) in order to discover the interpretation of meaning implied in the memes. From the analysis, the researchers conclude that the historical memes in Eno Bening's tweet replies mostly used to retell a story of historical events that happened in the past. Furthermore, memes are also used to criticize, give an opinion and also satirize a historical event.


This paper presents an investigation of cold start by the method of single-cycle and multi-cycle combustion analysis in a LPG EFI engine based on cycle-by-cycle control strategy. Experiments were carried out in a four-stroke, water-cooled, single cylinder, 125 mL SI engine with EFI system. Effects of the first injection pulse width and the first firing cycle on the characteristics of cold start were analyzed based on the histories of transient engine speeds and cylinder pressures. The study focuses on how to realize the controllable ignition cycle, and the single-cycle and multi-cycle combustion were tested based on the single starting injection pulse width. Test results showed that: the first firing cycle has an important effect on HC emission and combustion stability during cold-start. The injection pulse width is the key factor for the characteristics of ignition cycle during the cold start. It is possible to realize the ideal ignition cycle, such as injection on time, combustion on time if the first injection pulse width and timing are controlled reasonably. The air fuel ratio of the starting mixture needed by first firing cycle is 2.2 times of that at normal idle condition. When the single starting injection pulse width is applied during cold start, the HC emission is lower than that of multi-cycle starting injection pulse width, and the starting reliability is also better. The first firing cycle can be advanced and the cold starting reliability can be improved when the engine is motored by starter several cycles before the first injection.


Due to limited tank space at Hanford and Savannah River, the liquid nuclear wastes or supernatants have been concentrated in evaporators to remove excess water prior to the hot solutions being transferred to underground storage tanks. As the waste solutions cooled, the salts in the waste exceeded the associated solubility limits and precipitated in the form of saltcakes. The initial step in the remediation of these saltcakes is a rehydration process called saltcake dissolution. At Hanford, dissolution experiments have been conducted on small saltcake samples from five tanks. Modeling of these experimental results, using the Environmental Simulation Program (ESP), are being performed at the Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory (DIAL) at Mississippi State University. The River Protection Project (RPP) at Hanford will use these experimental and theoretical results to determine the amount of water that will be needed for its dissolution and retrieval operations. A comprehensive effort by the RPP and the Tank Focus Area continues to validate and improve the ESP and its databases for this application. The initial effort focused on the sodium, fluoride, and phosphate system due to its role in the formation of pipeline plugs. In FY 1999, an evaluation of the ESP predictions for sodium fluoride, trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, and natrophosphate clearly indicated that improvements to the Public database of the ESP were needed. One of the improvements identified was double salts. The inability of any equilibrium thermodynamic model to properly account for double salts in the system can result in errors in the predicted solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) of species in the system. The ESP code is evaluated by comparison with experimental data where possible. However, data does not cover the range of component concentrations and temperatures found in many tank wastes. Therefore, comparison of ESP with another code is desirable, and may illuminate problems with both. For this purpose, the SOLGASMIX code was used in conjunction with a small private database developed at ORNL. This code calculates thermodynamic equilibria through minimization of Gibbs Energy, and utilizes the Pitzer model for activity coefficients. The sodium nitrate-sulfate double salt and the sodium fluoride-sulfate double salt were selected for the FY 2000 validation study of ESP. Even though ESP does not include the sulfate-nitrate double salt, this study found that this omission does not appear to be a major consequence. In this case, the solubility predictions with and without the sulfate-nitrate double salt are comparable. In contrast, even though the sulfate-fluoride double salt is included within the ESP databank, comparison to previous experimental results indicates that ESP underestimates solubility. Thus, the prediction for the sulfate-fluoride system needs to be improved. A main consequence of the inability to accurately predict the SLE of double salts is its impact on the predicted ionic strength of the solution. The ionic strength has been observed to be an important factor in the formation of pipeline plugs. To improve the ESP prediction, solubility tests on the sulfate-fluoride system are underway at DIAL, and these experimental results will be incorporated into the Public database by OLI System, Inc. Preliminary ESP simulations also indicated difficulties with the SLE prediction for anhydrous sodium sulfate. The Public database for the ESP does not include fundamental parameters for this solid in mixed solutions below 32.4 C. The limitation, in the range of anhydrous sodium sulfate, leads to convergence problems in ESP and to inaccurate predictions of solubility near the invariant point when sodium sulfate decahydrate and other salts, such as sodium nitrate, were present. These difficulties were partially corrected through the use of an additional database. In conclusion, these results indicate the need for experimental data at temperatures above 25 C and in solutions containing both nitrate and hydroxide. Furthermore, the validation and documentation of different ESP input data sets is still a crucial need. With judicious use, ESP can still provide valuable guidance for water processing operations. However, this study has identified several improvements and corrections, which could be implemented immediately.


Multimedia Technologies' Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language Learners by Larissa Parrilla MPh, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, 1999 BS, University of Puerto Rico, 1998 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Educational Technology Walden University August 2016 Abstract English as a Second Language (ESL) learners at the upper elementary level have struggled to demonstrate the vocabulary required to read in English at grade-level. Although multimedia technologies have demonstrated positive effects as language acquisition educational tools at the university level, it remains unclear how useful they are for language acquisition at the elementary level. This quasi-experimental study used dual coding theory as a framework to examine the relationship between the level ofEnglish as a Second Language (ESL) learners at the upper elementary level have struggled to demonstrate the vocabulary required to read in English at grade-level. Although multimedia technologies have demonstrated positive effects as language acquisition educational tools at the university level, it remains unclear how useful they are for language acquisition at the elementary level. This quasi-experimental study used dual coding theory as a framework to examine the relationship between the level of reading comprehension upper elementary students developed and their construction of word meanings through use of multimedia technologies. The study utilized convenience sampling of 85 students divided into treatment and control groups in a Puerto Rican Montessori school. The treatment consisted of use of multimedia technologies that included video, audio, images, and words in a digital environment for vocabulary acquisition instruction. Data sources included pretest and posttest results for the Maze Close test that measures reading comprehension. These results were analyzed using a paired t test. Results indicated that students in treatment groups developed greater reading comprehension than did those in control groups. However, the difference in scores between the groups was not significant, so the null hypothesis was not rejected. Further research is required in order to determine whether a positive relationship can exist between multimedia technology usage and development of upper elementary student vocabulary and reading comprehension. This study indicates the importance of examining whether multimedia technology use in elementary student English reading comprehension can create reading gains for upper elementary ESL students. Multimedia Technologies' Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language by Larissa Parrilla MPh, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, 1999 BS, University of Puerto Rico, 1998 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Educational Technology Walden University August 2016 Dedication This work is dedicated to my family. To my father, who always encouraged me to keep going and passed away while I was on the journey to this dissertation. To my mother, who supported me in completing this work. To my 15-year old daughter, who had to wait many times for me to answer her because I was writing or conducting research for my dissertation. Without your support and encouragement, I could not have accomplished my dissertation. Thank you for all you have done. Acknowledgments I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my readers, editors, and friends, Dr. Marta Suarez and Cristina Molina. Without your patience and kindness, I would have lost confidence in accomplishing my dissertation. I would like to thank my committee chair, Dr. Leslie Moller, for his constant guidance, patience, and support. I would like to thank Dr. Wade Smith for his help with my methodology.


"This text seeks to expose the role of the Metal genre had on Colombian society in the eighties, analyzing their social niches, its emergence, development and outreach among its supporters and detractors. Also rescues the discourse of this genre as manifestations manager who combined artistic expression and social disenchantment, framed in one of the most contentious decades of recent history. The research took into account the following categories: 1. YOUNG, referring to a category of consumer population that can extend the privileges of age, upsetting the differences between youth and adulthood. 2. REBELLION: According to the explanation of Peter Lamborn Wilson (Hakim Bey) it is the rejection of authority and an extraordinary act that seeks to change the world and adapt to it. 3. MARGINAL: Refers to the person who lives outside the social boundaries set by the community to which he belongs. The text includes the author's personal experience about rock music, and makes a journey from the arrival of this music to Colombia, its appropriation and transformation in the cities of Bogota and Medellin, and metal music settings in the country. It also provides an analysis of the discourse constructed by the young ""headbanger"" Colombian in the lyrics of the songs."


With the wide application of bus in aircraft airborne system, how to select bus efficiently is of great significance to improve the safety and reliability of flight control system. Under the background that there is no systematic method for bus selection of airborne flight control system in domestic and foreign public information, this paper proposes a systematic method for bus selection. Through the bus application of the typical aircraft type of the air-borne flight control system, the alternative bus of the airborne flight control system is preliminarily selected. For the airborne flight control system, military / civilian demand analysis, general demand analysis, special demand analysis and technical development demand analysis were carried out, and 34 demand indicators were obtained. The compliance analysis of the alternative bus is carried out according to 34 requirements indicators. If only one alter-native bus meets the above requirements, the alternative bus shall be used as the onboard flight control system bus. If there are multiple alternative buses meeting the above requirements, the choice shall be made through the analysis of the bus architecture of the flight control system.


Considering weight of information source has an important effect on identification result in a target integrated identification system based on evidence theory,the paper proposes a target integrated identification technique based on weight,summarizes several methods of ascertaining subjective weight and objective weight,provides a formula of combined weight,and validates the improvement effect of evidence weighting idea based on D-S evidence theory.The study indicates that computing the weight of information source is necessary which can reduce the conflict of source and guarantee the validity and robustness of combination result.


Activated metal is a special waste that requires evaluation for disposal. Contaminants in the activated metal will leach more slowly than will contaminants in generic waste. There is an inventory of activated scrap metal in the 105-L Disassembly Basin. Approximately 1,600 ft3 of the material is characterized as ''No Dose/Low Dose'' and consists mainly of activated aluminum and aluminum alloy pieces and parts and no stainless steel with a dose rate less than 200 mR per hr. Contaminants in the activated metal will leach more slowly than will contaminants in generic waste. The change in the leach rate will affect analyses for the groundwater pathway and intruder scenarios. For this evaluation, the slower leach rate from the activated metal waste will be neglected for the groundwater pathway, which is conservative because the higher leach rate used tends to produce higher groundwater concentrations and lower inventory limits. For this evaluation, the leach rate was set to zero for intruder scenarios, which is conservative for the inadvertent intruder because a slower leach rate will result in higher levels of radionuclides in the waste zone. The evaluation concludes that the existing limits are applicable to the disposal of No Dose/Low Dose activated scrapmore » metal in slit trenches so that a Special Analysis is not needed to dispose of this waste stream.« less


The present invention is one kind of microemulsion with high heat stability, and belongs to the field of microemulsion technology. The microemulsion is prepared with water phase, oil phase and emulsifier and through mixing. The emulsifier is water soluble and liposoluble non-surfactant matter, and is selected from dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethyl formamide, ethanol, etc. and the oil phase is selected fromn-hexanol, furaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran, etc. The emulsifier and the oil phase account for 10-80 wt % of the microemulsion, and the emulsifier is 1.2-5 times the volume of the oil phase. The microemulsion has the liquid drop size of 50-500 nm, is stable in the temperature range of -10-80 deg.c, and may be used in tertiary oil recovery, daily use chemical, pesticide carrier and other fields.


ABSTRACT A simple and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method for the detection of safranine T (ST) and Hg2+ using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as substrate was developed. ST can absorb on the surface of AgNPs through electrostatic interaction, the electromagnetic effect combined with chemical adsorption effect give a notable Raman enhancement for ST. The presence of Hg2+ well decreased the absorbed ST molecules on AgNPs, leading to a significant decrease of SERS signals thus enabling to detect Hg2+. The determination conditions for SERS, including the amount of AgNPs, the concentration of NaCl, the concentration of HCl, the concentration of ST and the reaction time, were optimised. Under the optimised experimental conditions, good linear responses were obtained for ST and Hg2+ in the concentration ranges of 0.01–4.0 μmol L−1 (3.5–1403.4 ng mL−1) and 0.01–2.0 μmol L−1 (2.0–401.2 ng mL−1), the limit of detection were 3.0 nmol L−1 (1.1 ng mL−1) and 2.0 nmol L−1 (0.4 ng mL−1), respectively. The present method was subsequently applied to the determination of ST in tomato sauces and Hg2+ in environmental waters, the recoveries of ST and Hg2+ in spiked samples are 95.5–107.8% and 91.4–110.8 %, respectively.