The fracture results of an amorphous epoxy resin and polycrystalline silicon nitride tested under monotonically increasing crack mouth opening displacements were compared. A conventional compact tension specimen was used for the epoxy. A new loading system and specimen was designed for the ceramic to permit stable crack growth. Tests conducted on both materials revealed multiple events of subcritical crack growth, dynamic initiation, dynamic growth, and subsequent arrest. The elastic energy release rate at initiation, G 11 , and arrest, G 1a , was evaluated for each event. The value of G 11 was found to be higher than G 1a for both materials. Also common was the systematic existence of slow growth prior to dynamic initiation. Additionally, both materials showed differences between the fracture surface morphology for slow, 10 -6 m/s, and fast, 10 3 m/s, growth. Although a constant G 1a was recorded for the epoxy, large scatter and a possible trend was recorded for G 1a in the ceramic.


The possibility of catalytic oxidation of sulfide ions from model solutions of seawater is studied. ZrO2 catalyst incorporated into a matrix of activated carbon is synthesized. The surface of the catalyst is characterized by iodine adsorption. The effect of the deposited catalyst is studied. Experiments at different initial concentrations of sulfide ions and temperatures are conducted in two regimes continuous aeration or stirring at the same speed without aeration. The reaction products in the case of continuous aeration are 90% of sulfate ions relative to the initial quantity of sulfides. The reaction products at stirring without aeration at the same temperatures are stable reducers that should not be dumped into the sea water. The oxidation in the regime of continuous aeration follows the kinetics of a first order reaction with relatively low activation energy.


Developing security inks, which can be permanently erased after reading the information, is of great significance in enhancing the information and data protection of ink anti-counterfeiting applications. Herein, a novel TPE-derived AIE fluorescent molecule (TPE-PA) is synthesized, which produces the strongest fluorescence in THF/water (5:95, v/v, the same below) and EtOH/water (30:70) co-solvents. However, in co-solvents of equal concentration, the fluorescence of TPE-PA pigment in EtOH/water (30:70) was almost entirely quenched with UV light irradiation, whereas in THF/water (5:95), despite the fluorescence showing a decreasing trend, it was not entirely quenched. More intriguingly, TPE-PA pigment self-assembles into fluorescent nanospheres of various particle sizes in co-solvents, and while UV light irradiation quenches the fluorescence of the nanospheres, the particle size of the microspheres marginally reduces. EtOH/water (30:70) was selected as the co-solvent to explore the potential application of the erasable fluorescent anti-counterfeit ink in the field of information storage and encryption. Under ambient and UV light, text written in this ink can be invisible and fluorescent, respectively, but the fluorescence is gradually erased under constant UV light irradiation. The latter can be attributed to the fluorescence quenching caused by the photocyclization and subsequent photo-oxidation of TPE derivatives. This kind of erasable invisible ink, which is dominated by nanospheres, offers a wide range of applications, including privacy protection, data encryption, and anti-counterfeiting.


The wind-force and solar-energy,so-called green reborn resources which is free from the pollution,is the most ideal to generate electricity.The paper introduces the wind-solar hybrid power supply system,made up of wind turbines,solar generators,controllers,batteries and other components,is capable of reliable power supply,long-term expectancy,low cost,less maintenance,and low power consumption.The background and basic principles of the wind-solar hybrid power supply system are also described based on the analysis of meteorological data in Qinghai.The optimization design of BTS power supply is therefore put forward reasonably and practically to meet the electricity needs of BTS.


Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in 1996, the epidemiologic profile of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) has shifted drastically. Although HIV-associated dementia has nearly disappeared from clinical practice, presymptomatic and milder variants of HAND affect up to 50% of patients on chronic antiretroviral therapy.1,2 Furthermore, the predominant phenotype has evolved from a subcortical dementia to a mixed cortical-subcortical cognitive syndrome affecting attention, executive, and memory systems, as well as slowing processing speed.2 Yet, subtler forms of HAND often remain undetected. One Swedish HIV study found that only 27% of their patient cohort complained of cognitive dysfunction, but 67% actually demonstrated objective deficits on cognitive testing.3


An experimental study has been made on the relationship between short‐range order and microstructure in hydrogenated amorphous silicon films. The properties of the material have been varied by applying rf power of different magnitudes. The change in the short‐range order has been characterized by Raman scattering measurements. Microstructure has been determined by means of field assisted ion exchange technique. The observed correlation between the two structural length scales suggests that the presence of dihydride groups in these materials is a key factor for the release of the silicon network strain.


Summary Infection of mice with Staphylococcus aureus leads to increased activity of liver tryptophan oxygenase, probably in an increased corticosteroid response associated with the infection. Nicotinamide was found to be effective in prolonging the survival of infected mice if given between 3 hr prior to and 1 hr after infection. None of the other tryptophan metabolites were effective against the challenge with staphylococci. Nicotinamide, as well as other chemicals which prolong the survival of infected mice can induce tryptophan oxygenase in the presence or absence of infection, but the studies reported here would seem to indicate that the mechanisms of protection do not involve changes in the activity of the enzyme.


Design of the future and designing of spiritual identity are entered today in the general subject of the civilizational analysis of evolution of modern society: from apost-industrial condition of society so-called "the third wave' (A. Toffler) through information society to "society of knowledge". The category of "neo-industrialism" allows to raise the question for the first time in a domestic and foreign science about scientific inferiority and practical insolvency of a futurological neoliberal and neo-conservative paradigm imposed to our country not so long ago: destructive neo-maltuzian ideologeme of sustainable development, quasimarxian ideology of post-industrialism, American-Canadian McLuhan mythology of information society, Utopism of euroco-struct "society of knowledge".


This writing is about the design and manufacture of a Web-based Geographic Information System whose content focuses on information about the protocol roads in Kota Depok. Lack of socialization of the infrastructure in the city of Depok is especially concerning the Protocol Road from the city government to the public the reason for making this writing. The system was deliberately discussed the Web-based with the aim to facilitate the public in using this system. In writing this will be explained about the creation of thematic maps, designing map display in web browser, view design, navigation structure, and workings of this system. The first goal of this system can assist the community in general, particularly those living in the town of Depok in need of information about the protocol roads in Depok. It is also hoped by this system can make the local government to be more sensitive to the needs of the societ. key words: geographic information system


Koffka Khan Department of Computing and Information Technology The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago, W.I Email: email@example.com Wayne Goodridge Department of Computing and Information Technology The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago, W.I Email: email@example.com -------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------------------------Stochastic Dynamic Programming (SDP) is an important class of optimization which has recently been used in the area of dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH). Though DASH is very popular method of video delivery in recent years it is plagued with problems when multiple players share a bottleneck link. Thus, this area has become a very active area of research. Two works which implement SDP in DASH are selected and their performances compared against the Conventional DASH player. It is shown that SDP works well for various network conditions.


This study intends to reveal effectivity of the cooperative-project based learning model in enhancing cognitive competencies up to the level high order thinking skills. The study was carried out experiment method using research design twogroup pretest-posttest design. Based on the result of the study, the students with the implementation cooperative-project based learning model have competencies on the level high order thinking skills. Through blended of the cooperative and project based learning, the students learn s in the groups and mutual responsibility for the success of their project tasks. Increased the students learning activities occurred during project task, the student actively improves and develop their competence inthrough principle of cognitivist and constructivist. With the application of their knowledge on project tasks, they get the opportunity to learn at the level of apply, analyze, evaluate and create.


Dairy cattle undergo dynamic physiological changes during pregnancy and lactation. The impact of these physiological changes on the immune system can, at times, leave the animal more susceptible to infection with specific pathogens. While research has shed light on periods of increased susceptibility to infection, the impact of the stage of lactation on immune cell function remains to be completely elucidated. We have examined the impact of stage of lactation on CD4+T cells. We focused on how their metabolic function may be altered during this period. During activation T lymphocytes increase the uptake of glucose and metabolically reprogram to support aerobic glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation, the pathway favored during their resting state. Our ex vivo studies compare the effects of activation on metabolic function of CD4+T cells from dairy cattle across multiple stages of lactation. Results show dampened glycolytic function in early lactation stages. Glycolytic and mitochondrial function were analyzed using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Cattle in early and mid-lactation, defined as 21–70 days in milk (DIM) and 71–150 DIM, respectively, have a decreased rate of glycolysis and reduced maximum glycolytic capacity in contrast to cattle in late lactation (151–330 DIM) and those that have been dried off and are pre-parturient. Mitochondrial results were comparable between the groups, suggesting no compensation of energy via the mitochondria in early and mid-lactation cows. CD4+T cells from dairy cattle in early and mid-lactation have decreased metabolic function as measured by glycolytic and mitochondrial respiration in contrast to those in late lactation or in the dry period.


In-depth interviews with journalists are the starting point of this study of the changing practices and changing contexts of Russian journalists around 1990.


In recent years,the incidence of the type 2 diabetes(T2DM) increased year by year in the world,endanger human health seriously.Study found that insulin resistance(IR) is the basis of occurrence of T2DM,and T2DM occurred throughout the entire process of development.At present,IR has become a common multidisciplinary medical research hotspot in recent years in Chinese medicine for T2DM,IR treatment research has been thorough,and made some progress.


Oxman MN, Levin MJ, Johnson GR, et al . A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2271–84.

[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]

 Q In persons ⩾60 years of age, does a live attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccine decrease the burden of illness caused by herpes zoster and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia?

Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★★☆ IM/Ambulatory care ★★★★★★☆ Infectious disease ★★★★★★★

### ![Graphic][5] Design:

randomised placebo controlled trial (Shingles Prevention Study).

### ![Graphic][6] Allocation:

{concealed*}†.

### ![Graphic][7] Blinding:

blinded (clinicians, participants, {data collectors, outcome assessors, data analysts, and data safety and monitoring committee}†).*

### ![Graphic][8] Follow-up period:

mean 3.13 years.

### ![Graphic][9] Setting:

22 sites in the US.

### ![Graphic][10] Participants:

38 546 persons ⩾60 years of age (median age 69 y, 59% men) who had a history of varicella or had lived in the US ⩾30 years. Immunocompromised persons were excluded.

### ![Graphic][11] Intervention:

1 subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml of Oka/Merck VZV vaccine (n = 19 270), or placebo (n = 19 276). The vaccine had median estimated potency of 24 600 plaque forming units.

### ![Graphic][12] Outcomes:

vaccine efficacy with respect to the severity of illness …

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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are placed in third generation photovoltaics and are proposed as alternatives to conventional solar cells of silicon. DSSCs have numerous advantages over silicon based solar cells such as low materials cost, ease of production, and efficiencies out performing amorphous silicon solar cells. As these cells can be printed on glass, they can uniquely offer a high degree in freedom for the design and the optical appearance of a buildingintegrated module. The cell concept is believed to reduce the production costs and energy payback time significantly compared to standard silicon cells or other thin film cells. Although the efficiency record of single cell is 12% the conversion efficiency on larger areas is still an issue to be solved before this technology will follow the production line. Along with the up-scaling of DSSCs, open circuit voltage and fill factor of DSSCs may rapidly decrease with the increase of shunt current and internal resistance. If the design methods and techniques of these cells are not optimized appropriately, the efficiency of the cell is likely lower than 1% when the size is up to 10cm x 10cm. In this work we present studies on the DSSC efficiency depending on their size. We focus on the efficiency of cells in shape of long strips with varying their length from 1 to 20 cm while their width is always kept constant to 1 cm. Extensive studies on the open circuit voltage Voc, short circuit current densityJsc, fill factor ff and overall efficiency – n% of the cells will be presented.


A method is described which permits the encoding of arbitrary geometric configurations so as to facilitate their analysis and manipulation by means of a digital computer. It is shown that one can determine through the use of relatively simple numerical techniques whether a given arbitrary plane curve is open or closed, whether it is singly or multiply connected, and what area it encloses. Further, one can cause a given figure to be expanded, contracted, elongated, or rotated by an arbitrary amount. It is shown that there are a number of ways of encoding arbitrary geometric curves to facilitate such manipulations, each having its own particular advantages and disadvantages. One method, the so-called rectangular-array type of encoding, is discussed in detail. In this method the slope function is quantized into a set of eight standard slopes. This particular representation is one of the simplest and one that is most readily utilized with present-day computing and display equipment.


ABSTRACT This study closely examined the motivational language selves of Chinese university students in the process of multilingual learning. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve Japanese specialist majors. The qualitative data revealed the complex interplay between the participants' language selves and complicated contextual influences. The participants seemed to have strong ideal English self especially in the workplace and relatively weaker ideal Japanese self. They had strong ought-to Japanese self and their ought-to English self was suspended to some extent. Apart from their English and Japanese selves, they also constructed a multilingual self. The cultural, social and pedagogical contexts in which the participants were embedded exerted mixed influences on their self constructions. The findings suggest the neoliberal emphasis on the instrumental value of language and the negative impact of English as a global language on Japanese learning in such social discourse. This article is concluded with some pedagogical implications for language teachers.


-Gelation and precipitation are two possible outcomes for the polymerization of monomers dissolved in a solvent. Gelation is obtained when the polymers grow with a fractal dimension d~ lower than 3 ; precipitation when d~ equals 3, I.e. when they are dense. In sol-gel processes, a continuous range of final products may be obtained, with fractal dimensions ranging from d~ < 2 (gelation of branched polymers) to d~ = 3 (precipitation of dense particles). We show that the selection of the growth process (and of the final state) may result from the relative reactivities of monomers with different chemical environments. If reacted monomers are much less reactive for further reactions, the system starts with pairs and then oligomers the recombination of polymers through the tips of branches leads to gelation. If monomers are much more reactive when they have already made some bonds, then the densest clusters scavenge everything else in the reaction bath : this is precipitation. Systems used in actual sol-gel processes have a weaker hierarchy of chemical reactivities ; then the reaction bath may cross over during reaction from recombination of bushy polymers to precipitation of the densest one. This allows control of gel structure through manipulation of chemical preferences.


To improve the relevance and effectiveness of power analysis(PA)attack on synchronous stream ciphers,a selection strategy of attack point for PA attack is proposed.Firstly,the differences of the energy component between synchronous stream ciphers and block ciphers are analyzed,and PA attack points selection criteria of synchronous stream cipher is proposed.Then, an selection strategy of PA attack for different attack scenarios is proposed according to the structural characteristics of synchronous stream ciphers.Finally,two specific attack schemes for MICKEY and Trivium,two hardware-oriented synchronous stream cipher algorithms in eSTREAM project,are given respectively.Simulation attack experiments are conducted by using EDA tools,e.g.PrimeTimePX et al,to obtain the simulation power consumption of the cryptographic algorithms.The results show that the above-mentioned attacks can successfully recover the key information and indicate that the selection strategy of attack point is reasonable.


body would possess, the amount of heat required for the existence of such conditions is not in excess of the supply which we may well suppose to be actually afforded by the planet. In the case of the outer satellites especially, we can, however, readily conceive that the heating effect of the planet is barely sufficient to overcome the cold of space. The cloud layers are, therefore, in unstable equilibrium, and at any moment some accidental disturbance would determine a general precipitation on the side farthest from the source of heat, thereby reducing the albedo of the satellite from its greatest value, that of pure white clouds, to a much lower one, which would have as its minimum that of the surface of the satellite itself. If at such a time the satellite should be projected on the disc of Jupiter, we should have the phenomenon of a dark transit. Such transits would evidently be characterized by an irregularity which is actually a feature of their occurrence. The brightness of the satellite after it has left the disc is not surprising, when we consider how difficult it is to judge of the relative brightness of two surfaces which are not actually* in contact. It is quite likely that a very considerable difference could exist under the circumstances of a transit without attracting notice. It might, however, be detected by careful photometric comparisons immediately after the satellite had passed off the disc. If the satellites should be found to rotate in such a manner as always to present the same side to Jupiter, the explanation here suggested might require modification, although it would not necessarily be false. It will probably be conceded, however, that the evidence of such a law of rotation is at present very slight. J. E. K.


AIM: To study the global gene expression of chemotactic genes in macrophage line U937 treated with human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) through the use of ExpreeChipTMHO2 cDNA array.METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from MCP-1 treated macrophage line U937 and normal U937 cells, reversely transcribed to cDNA, and then screened in parallel with HO2 human cDNA array chip. The scanned result was additionally validated using RT-PCR.RESULTS: The result of cDNA array showed that one chemotactic-related gene was up-regulated more than two-fold (RANTES) and seven chemotactic-related genes were down-regulated more than two-fold (CCR1, CCR5,ccl16, GROβ, GROγ, IL-8 and granulocyte chemotactic protein 2) in MCP-1 treated U937 cells at mRNA level.RT-PCR analysis of four of these differentially expressed genes gave results consistent with cDNA array findings.CONCLUSION: MCP-1 could influence some chemokine and receptor expressions in macrophages in vitro. MCP-1mainly down-regulates the expression of chemotactic genes influencing neutrophilic granulocyte expression (GROβ, GROγ, IL-8 and granulocyte chemotactic protein 2), and the mRNA level of CCR5, which plays a critical role in many disorders and illnesses.


Data fusion and machine learning for industrial prognosis: Trends and perspectives towards Industry 4.0 "This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the recent developments in data fusion and machine learning for industrial prognosis, placing an emphasis on the identification of research trends, niches of opportunity and unexplored challenges. To this end, a principled categorization of the utilized feature extraction techniques and machine learning methods will be provided on the basis of its intended purpose ..." Source: Information Fusion


445 Abstract. The last several years have been marked by a seemingly increasing numbers of individuals with homosexual inclinations. There are consequences to society-wide increases in disordered dispositions, and this paper presents one such consequence. Patients often enter the physician–patient relationship based on the physician's "sexual preference." In order to avoid sexual misconduct from a physician, patients often choose physicians that are not inclined to be sexually attracted to the patient. It is often assumed that a patient can infer a physician's sexual inclinations by his or her gender, but this is not the case. Due to the inability to determine a health care professional's "sexual preference" by their gender, a physician has a duty to disclose this information prior to care. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 13.3 (Autumn 2013): 445–450.


The article is devoted to a review of the following new elements of the modern theory of solving inverse problems: (a) general theory of Tikhonov's regularization with practical examples is considered; (b) an overview of a-priori and a-posteriori error estimates for solutions of ill-posed problems is presented as well as a general scheme of a-posteriori error estimation; (c) a-posteriori error estimates for linear inverse problems and its finite-dimensional approximation are considered in detail together with practical a-posteriori error estimate algorithms; (d) optimality in order for the error estimator and extra-optimal regularizing algorithms are also discussed. In addition, the article contains applications of these theoretical results to solving two practical geophysical problems. First, for inverse problems of computer microtomography in microstructure analysis of shales, numerical experiments demonstrate that the use of functions with bounded VH-variation for a piecewise uniform regularization has a theoretical and practical advantage over methods using BV-variation. For these problems, a new algorithm of a-posteriori error estimation makes it possible to calculate the error of the solution in the form of a number. Second, in geophysical prospecting, Tikhonov's regularization is very effective in magnetic parameters inversion method with full tensor gradient data. In particular, the regularization algorithms allow to compare different models in this method and choose the best one, MGT-model. AMS subject classifications: 65J22, 65K10, 65R30, 65R32


This workshop will explore interactions among culture, features of collaborative technologies, and group processes and outcomes. The workshop will address several key challenges to this area of research, including identifying important dimensions of cultural variability, specifying how these dimensions interact with features of technology to impact group processes and outcomes, developing design specifications for multi-cultural and cross cultural collaborative tools, and addressing methodological issues that arise in cross cultural research. Workshop goals include identifying key areas for future research, specifying initial design recommendations, fostering new collaborations among researchers interested in culture and computer mediated collaboration, and, if there is sufficient interest among participants, creating an edited volume on this topic.


penting. Metode dan penyediaan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak metode cakap. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif secara bersamaan untuk memperkuat deskripsi terhadap data penelitian. kemampuan kualitatif siswa dalam kegiatan memproduksi teks prosedur kompleks aspek struktur teks penelitian dikategorikan sistematis. This thesis is a research report on the ability to produce complex procedural texts in terms of text structure and linguistic aspects of high school students in Sekongkang sub-district. This research is motivated by the development of the 2013 curriculum in Indonesian subjects using a text-based language learning approach. The application of text-based language learning is intended so that students can use language according to the context and become a means of developing their thinking skills. In other words, students are required to be able to produce text. One of them is procedure text. Learning about complex procedure texts is very important. The method and provision of data used in this study used the listening method and the proficient method. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative and quantitative methods simultaneously to strengthen the description of the research data. On the qualitative ability of students in the activity of producing complex procedure texts, the structural aspects of the text in this study were categorized as having been able to be passed systematically. Although there are students' weaknesses in reaffirmation, namely observations and conclusions. In the linguistic aspect, it is described that students have not been able to utilize the linguistic aspects of complex procedure texts as a whole. This condition is reflected in the average student's ability to not use the language aspect optimally. This can be seen in the data generated such as the use of verbs, the use of connecting conjunctions between sentences and the use of connecting conjunctions between paragraphs. The range of student acquisition scores only reached 45.15 related to this linguistic aspect. As for the total score of the two aspects, it reached 63.15. This illustrates that the ability to produce texts sucked in by students' contexts from the structural and linguistic aspects of procedural texts is still low. This is an under the


A modified Gaussian model with three-level crossed and nested random effects is used to describe circadian patterns of serum prolactin concentrations in a crossover experiment. Testing of three-way treatment effects and carryover effects are incorporated with the model building process as is the within-group correlation. We found that the interaction between environment and parity had significant effect (p<0.05) on both initial serum prolactin concentration and range of the prolactin concentration. There was no significant effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on either the initial value or concentration of serum prolactin. The inclusion of carryover effects in the model significantly improves the fit of the multilevel nonlinear mixed effects model. We present in detail a general approach to nonlinear crossed random effects model building and three-way treatment effects testing.


Both pulse counting techniques and continuous current measurements have been applied in the MASURCA subcritical fast reactor driven by the GENEPI pulsed neutron source in order to get the prompt neutron decay constant. The data from the pulse counting experiments were analysed using noise techniques: cross-correlation and Feynman-α. The data from the continuous current measurements were analysed by calculating the Cross Power Spectral Density.


All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Double-blind • Conference submission management system: Google form and email at firstname.lastname@example.com • Number of submissions received: 69 • Number of submissions sent for review: 68 • Number of submissions accepted: 46 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 67% • Average number of reviews per paper: 2 • Total number of reviewers involved: 35 • Any additional info on review process: We received a total of 69 paper submissions for the IPCME 2021. All the papers were first screened for related topics in mechanical engineering which were divided into 7 main focus groups (advanced fluid, automotive engineering, energy sustainability, manufacturing, advanced structural integrity and vibration, structural performance materials and human engineering). Plagiarism checking was also carried for all the papers by using Turnitin software with recommended similarity index of no more than 25%. The papers were then sent to 35 reviewers with expertise in the 7 focus groups. A total of 68 papers were sent for review and 1 paper was withdrawn by the authors prior to the review process. From the first review, only 46 papers were accepted and 22 papers were rejected due to poor quality. In order to maintain the quality of the published paper, 39 papers were given major revision and only 7 papers received minor revision. All the major revision papers were then re-evaluated after the authors have submitted their revised manuscript. The second review process was to make sure that the authors have made all the necessary corrections as recommended by the reviewers. • Contact person for queries: Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Kumaran Kadirgama (firstname.lastname@example.com)


FeAu/ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by nanoemulsion process with the use of poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (propylene glycol)-block-poly (ethylene glycol) as the surfactant. The characterization of the FeAu/ZnO nanoparticles was performed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, showing that the polymer-laced nanoparticles reveal high crystallinity, excellent dispersibility and well defined optical performance. The process of solvent dispersion-collection of FeAu/ZnO nanoparticles indicates that the nanoparticles possess good magnetic property for applications.


Abstract
Biosolids, the residual solids from wastewater treatment operations and once considered a waste product by the industry, are now becoming increasingly recognised as a multifunctional resource with growing opportunities for marketable use. This shift in attitude towards biosolids management is spurred on by increasing volatility in energy, fertilizer and commodity markets as well as moves by the global community towards mitigating global warming and the effects of climate change. This chapter will provide an overview of current global biosolids practices (paired with a number of Australian examples) as well as discuss potential future uses of biosolids. Additionally, present and future risks and opportunities of biosolids use are highlighted, including potential policy implications.


In order to realize the identification of driving style differences in intelligent vehicle free lane changing decision in heterogeneous traffic flow, a driving behavior data collection system was built in this research to obtain the natural driving data of multi-attribute drivers, and the free lane changing behaviors of heterogeneous data were mined based on multi-constraint extraction method. The time frequency characteristic parameters associated with free lane changing were extracted, and the conservative, robust and radical behavior clustering were completed based on PCA and K-means methods. The bezier curve was selected for modeling, and the stylized behavior data were input based on the genetic algorithm for parameters identification. Finally, three types of stylized free lane changing models were obtained. The stylized identification models were evaluated by random lane changing behavior data. The RMSPE value of the model can be obtained, and the prediction accuracy of stylized bezier curve was better than the that of the random lane change curve.


Embedding multiple sensors — force/torque, vision, and distance — in the feedback loops of motion controllers has enabled new robot applications. For instance, safe human-robot interaction and many assembly tasks that could not be automated before. As important as these real-time control features is the ability to plan robot motions deterministically and in real-time. To enable spontaneous changes from sensor-guided robot motion control (e.g., force/torque or visual servo control) to trajectory-following motion control, an algorithmic framework is explained that lets us compute robot motions deterministically within less than one millisecond. The resulting class of on-line trajectory generation algorithms serves as an intermediate layer between low-level motion control and high-level sensor-based motion planning. Online motion generation from arbitrary states is an essential feature for autonomous hybrid switched motion control systems. Building upon this framework and with the goal of significantly reducing the amount of resources needed for programing industrial and service robots, reinforcement learning offers a yet unused potential that will be introduced as well. Samples and use-cases — including manipulation and human-robot interaction tasks — will accompany the talk in order to provide a comprehensible insight into these interesting and relevant fields of robotics.


LiI-promoted LiOH formation in Li-O2 batteries with wet ether electrolytes has been investigated by Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, operando pressure tests, and molecular dynamics simulations. We find that LiOH formation is a synergistic effect involving both H2O and LiI additives, whereas with either alone Li2O2 forms. LiOH is generated via a nominal four-electron oxygen reduction reaction, the hydrogen coming from H2O and the oxygen from both O2 and H2O, and with fewer side reactions than typically associated with Li2O2 formation; the presence of fewer parasitic reactions is attributed to the proton donor role of water, which can coordinate to O2– and the higher chemical stability of LiOH. Iodide plays a catalytic role in decomposing H2O2/HO2– and thereby promoting LiOH formation, its efficacy being highly dependent on the water concentration. This iodide catalysis becomes retarded at high water contents due to the formation of large water-solvated clusters, and Li2O2 forms again.


Friction forces of earth acting on the anchor bar of bridge dais were measured for 20 hours on the spot. The variation of the tension with bine and temperature after mounting, as well as the distribution of the friction forces of end were studied. It is believed that the results of this research and testing is useful in improving design and construction


The ongoing commercial rivalry and geopolitical competition between the U.S. and China make By More Than Providence a timely contribution to the scholarly conversation about the origins and prospec...


Dr. Williams has worked in the area of economics and finance for most of her working life. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of Surrey and a Masters Degree in Economics from the University of the West Indies.


Carnegie-Mellon University's Hitech chess computer scored 5-1 in the National Open Chess Championships held in Chicago March 18-20. The Championship Section in which Hitech competed, had 380 entries.


The invention discloses an infrared touch screen. The infrared touch screen comprises a display screen, a first infrared emitting pipe, a second infrared emitting pipe or a first reflector, and a parallelogram circuit board external frame which is arranged on the surface of the display screen; a first light transmitting reflector set and a second light transmitting reflector set are correspondingly arranged on two adjacent sides of the circuit board external frame; and a first infrared receiving pipe set and a second infrared receiving pipe set are respectively arranged on the other two adjacent sides of the circuit board external frame. With the adoption of the infrared touch screen disclosed by the invention, the function of the traditional infrared touch screen can be simply achieved by cooperation of two infrared emitting pipes or one infrared emitting pipe and one reflector; the quantity of the infrared emitting pipes is greatly reduced; the producing cost is reduced; the working stability of the whole infrared touch screen is improved; meanwhile, few infrared emitting pipes are adopted, so the resolution ratio of the infrared touch screen can be correspondingly improved without consideration of the size of the infrared emitting pipe.


The notion of "engagement" has attracted much interest in higher education in recent times. Important questions have been raised about strategies for dealing with apparently "disengaged" students, and whether there is any value in doing more or different things in an effort to enhance student engagement. This presentation will explore some of these issues after providing a brief overview of the state of play in the student engagement arena. It will challenge the idea that engagement in higher education is a simple one-size-fits-all notion, focusing particularly on implications of the widening participation agenda for engagement practices. The importance of staff engagement will also be explored as part of an emphasis on whole-of-university strategies to encourage partnerships in the learning process.


: Altogether five experimental diets were respectively formulated by adding copper 0, 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0mg/kg to the basal diet which contained 4.16mgCu/kg. The juvenile flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, with initial mean weight 32.85~35.20g, was fed with one of the above diets for 31 days. The results showed that at the end of the experiment both survival and weight gain rate were similar in fish fed different diets, and the mean values were 92.50~100.00% and 96.21~106.21%, respectively. The copper concentration in the liver and muscle increased significantly with the increased copper supplementation, and at every copper level of the diet, liver copper concentration was much higher than that of the muscle, thus indicating a high copper accumulation ability of the liver. The activity of copper and zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn- SOD, EC126.96.36.199) in fish liver rose rapidly with the supplementation of copper to basal diet, and reached an approximate plateau when 1.5~5.0mg/kg copper were added. According to fish growth and enzyme activity, in the studied Practical diet for juveile flounder, the optimal copper supplementation was 1.5mg/kg, and the total dietary copper was about 5.6mg/kg.


Considerably attention has been focused lately on using neural networks to optimize the solution to data association. A neural network has been shown to provide a good approximation to the joint probabilistic data association method. This paper will detail the method in which a Hopfield neural network can be used for data association in the multitarget tracking problem. In addition, a comparable optimal control theory solution will be presented. Both the Hopfield Neural Network and the optimal control theory approach were shown to provide adequate results in optimizing the data association portion of the multitarget tracking problem with neither method proving to be superior. In execution time, the optimal control theory approach is the preferred method. The purpose of this paper is not to state that optimal control theory is superior to the Hopfield Neural Network is solving constrained optimization problems. Optimal control theory cannot be used in cases where all goals are weighted equally, since no one goal can be viewed as a constraint. In conclusion, in certain data association problems, the optimal control theory approach in comparison with the Hopfield Neural Network is shown to be significantly more efficient with the same measure of accuracy.


Abstract A pot experiment was conducted in the glasshouse to determine the effect of three heights of cut on translocation of 14C‐labelled assimilates in Eragrostis curvula cv Ermelo. Autoradiographs revealed that to produce regrowth plants defoliated to a height of 7,5 cm did not draw on their reserves significantly and that both new growth and stubble were able to maintain a continuous supply of assimilates to the roots after defoliation. In contrast, in plants defoliated to 2,5 cm all assimilates were retained in the labelled tiller to sustain new growth. Results from plants defoliated to 5,0 cm revealed the same patterns as for plants defoliated to 7,5 cm, although it was clear that smaller amounts had been translocated. These results indicate the practical importance of not defoliating E. curvula too low.


This article presents a novel end-to-end model based on encoder–decoder architecture for hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising, named spatial-spectral quasi-attention recurrent network, denoted as SQAD. The central goal of this work is to incorporate the intrinsic properties of HSI noise to construct a practical feature extraction module while maintaining high-quality spatial and spectral information. Accordingly, we first design a spatial-spectral quasi-recurrent attention unit (QARU) to address that issue. QARU is the basic building block in our model, consisting of spatial component and spectral component, and each of them involves a two-step calculation. Remarkably, the quasi-recurrent pooling function in the spectral component could explore the relevance of spatial features in the spectral domain. The spectral attention calculation could strengthen the correlation between adjacent spectra and provide the intrinsic properties of HSI noise distribution in the spectral dimension. Apart from this, we also design a unique skip connection consisting of channelwise concatenation and transition block in our model to convey the detailed information and promote the fusion of the low-level features with the high-level ones. Such a design helps maintain better structural characteristics, and spatial and spectral fidelities when reconstructing the clean HSI. Qualitative and quantitative experiments are performed on publicly available datasets. The results demonstrate that SQAD outperforms the state-of-the-art methods of visual effect and objective evaluation metrics.


'lo ensure that an adequate specimen of endometrium was obtained from each patient, thc standard curette biopsy was taken first. According to Davidson et ul. (1987) the inadvertent taking of an endornetrial biopsy in a conception cycle is not associated with an increased ratc of miscarriage. This would imply that the remaining endometrium is not disrupted and, therefore, that the observed fragmentation of the Gynocheck biopsies cannot be attributed to the prior taking of a curette biopsy. Gynochcck is designed so that its arms sweep as much of the uterine cavity as possible, and it may be that this mechanism fragmented the cndornetrium. The threc outpatients wcre between 28 and 33 years of age and were all nulliparous. Perhaps it is not surprising that they tolerated Gynocheck less well than thc women reported previously Acknowledgments


Fuzzy logic neural network models were developed to predict the room temperature tensile behavior of Ti-6Al-4V. This involved the development of a database relating microstructure to properties. This necessitated establishing heat treatment processes to develop microstructural features, mechanical testing of samples, creating rigorous stereology procedures, developing numerical models to predict mechanical behavior, and determining trends and inter-relationships relating microstructural features to mechanical properties. Microstructural features were developed using a Gleeble??? 1500 Thermal-mechanical simulator. The system used computer controlled resistive heating equipment to provide rapid cooling and heating abilities. Samples were obtained from mill annealed plate material and both alpha + beta forged and beta forged materials. A total of 72 samples were beta solutionized and heat treated using different heating and cooling conditions. Rigorous stereology procedures were developed to characterize the important microstructural features. The features included Widmanst??tten alpha lath thickness, volume fraction of total alpha, volume fraction of Widmanst??tten alpha, grain boundary alpha thickness, mean edge length, colony scale factor, and prior beta grain size factor. Chemical composition was also determined using standard chemical analysis and microscopy techniques. The samples were tested for yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation at room temperature. The samples were imaged using various microscopy techniques. Results from the tests and the characterization were used to develop fuzzy logic neural network models to predict the mechanical behaviors and develop relationships between the microstructural features (using CubiCalc RTC???). Results were compared to standard multi-variable regression models. The fuzzy logic neural network models were able to predict the yield, and ultimate tensile strength, within acceptable error ranges with a limited number of input data samples. The models also predicted the elongation values but with larger errors. The models also provided trends detailing the relative importance of the input parameters and the inter-relationships between the features. Of particular importance, the models identified the importance of the Widmanst??tten alpha lath widths, the mean edge length of the Widmanst??tten alpha laths, the colony scale factor, and the prior beta grain size to the tensile behavior.


The development of a laminar boundary layer on a twisted helical blade is described. An appropriate co-ordinate system is developed in which the boundary-layer equations have a relatively simple form. The choice of blade geometry and the free-stream conditions result in a constant-pressure flow. This permits the flow to be considered the analogue, in a rotating frame, of the zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary layer in a stationary frame. The boundary-layer equations are solved using a double series expansion in powers of distance from the leading edge and the cosine of the blade twist angle. Chordwise and spanwise velocity profiles are calculated. The variation in the skin friction coefficients is calculated as a function of position on the blade.


In this paper, we propose a deep learning based assistive system to improve the environment perception experience of visually impaired (VI). The system is composed of a wearable terminal equipped with an RGBD camera and an earphone, a powerful processor mainly for deep learning inferences and a smart phone for touch-based interaction. A data-driven learning approach is proposed to predict safe and reliable walkable instructions using RGBD data and the established semantic map. This map is also used to help VI understand their 3D surrounding objects and layout through well-designed touchscreen interactions. The quantitative and qualitative experimental results show that our learning based obstacle avoidance approach achieves excellent results in both indoor and outdoor datasets with low-lying obstacles. Meanwhile, user studies have also been carried out in various scenarios and showed the improvement of VI's environment perception experience with our system.


Context: We report on systemic toxicity caused by ingestion of large quantities of 'neem extract', a traditional medicine widely used throughout the Indian subcontinent and increasingly imported to the developed world. There are case reports of neem extract causing renal impairment and liver damage in a microvesicular pattern but no cases of distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) have been reported thus far. Case details: A 51-year old Solomon Islander was transferred to a Sydney Hospital with encephalopathy and a metabolic acidosis. A diagnosis of distal RTA was made requiring four days of continuous veno-venous hemodialysis. He also showed signs of bone marrow suppression, coagulopathy and liver damage, which were successfully managed with supportive care. Further history following the resolution of his encephalopathy revealed ingestion of large quantities of 'neem extract' over the preceding three months. Discussion: Liver damage is the predominant toxicity reported thus far with 'neem extract' and almost exclusively in children. This is the first report of neem extract causing distal RTA with evidence of mitochondrial toxicity. Physicians should be aware of the increasing use of 'neem extract' as a complimentary medicine and the potential toxicities this may lead to.


Metaphors not only contribute to cognitively accommodate new information and concepts, but also to mobilize political, social or ideological meanings. In the popularization of biotechnology-related facts and achievements, the metaphors chosen to construct newspaper articles may influence both positively and negatively the general public perceptions of its several applications. This study reports a discourse analysis of metaphors used in Brazilian opinion-leading newspapers to popularize cloning and stem cell research: "revolution", "opening new ways/doors", "promise" and "hope". Predominantly associated with positive sense, they may have contributed to reduce the resistance against animal and/or therapeutic cloning and to construct a moral imperative in favor of embryonic stem cell research, which would lead to therapies or cures for incurable diseases.


The main focus of this study is to examine the role of Muslim feminists in pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in promoting gender equity. These are important issues because the pesantren is an educational institution within the Islamic community in Java that tends to preserve patriachal values.


In this paper, a closed loop control approach for controlling the vibration of buildings under earthquake excitations is introduced. An active hybrid control combining base isolation and active tuned mass damper (AMD) installed on the lowest floor of a base-isolated frame building is investigated. The Active control force is controlled by the mean of a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller, incorporated with a negative feedback error closed loop. The difference between the base displacement and equilibrium position of the structure is used to evaluate the error and feed the PID controller. A simulation is carried out on a six degrees of freedom base-isolated frame structure using MATLAB. The performances of the proposed active hybrid control system are tested under El Centro, Northridge, and Loma Pietra earthquakes.Compared results with base-isolated structure and base-isolated structure equipped with a passive and active tuned mass damper (TMD)/ (ATMD) showed that the active hybrid control system is more efficient. A reduction of 70% in base displacement, velocity and 15% in base acceleration is obtained.


We consider problems of allocating resources to activities where the allocation to each activity is restricted to a general set of admissible values, the objective function is additively-separable but not necessarily concave nor differentiable, and each activity uses at most one resource. We develop a simple algorithm, based on a nonsmooth convex relaxation, that generates a near-optimal solution whenever each allocation is a small fraction of resource capacity.


On the diagnosis of climate sensitivity using observations of fluctuations D. Kirk-Davidoff Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA Received: 13 May 2008 – Accepted: 26 May 2008 – Published: 30 June 2008 Correspondence to: D. Kirk-Davidoff (firstname.lastname@example.com) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.


This article investigates R&D collaboration between universities and firms by looking at R&D outsourcing of private firms to universities and vice versa. It was found that universities are an important research partner of private firms, although industrialists often do not trust the research capabilities of universities. It is evident that universities are accustomed to receiving agents rather than giving agents in R&D activities. This fact implies that a give-and-take culture should be cultivated in universities in order to develop university–industry R&D collaboration. It may bring about university-generated cooperative R&D with private firms if universities contract out more of their research projects to private firms. The results of our study also revealed that government policies to promote university–industry R&D cooperation have been strengthening. Two cases of government policy programmes showed that policy targets, especially to promote university–industry R&D collaboration, tend to be included not only in incumbent policy programmes but also in newly designed policy programmes. The government R&D budget has been increasingly allocated to specific policy programmes focusing on interdisciplinary cooperative R&D activities between universities and private firms.


A new simple, specific and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for estimation of lovastatin in its tablet formulations. In this method, standard solutions and sample solution of lovastatln were applied on precoated silica gel G60 F254, TLC plate and developed using toluene: methanol (75:25 v/v) as mobile phase. The plate was scanned and quantified at 239 nm for lovastatin. The method was validated for precision, accuracy and reproducibility.


This paper describes the identification by the compound digital filter with two estimators involved in the Kalman filter, the first corresponds to stochastic...


Summary In an initial session subjects wrote descriptions of two groups. In a second session each subject described individual group members he personally knew well and ones he knew little, and then rated them and the groups as a whole on his own earlier descriptions of the groups. The study was conducted with both American and Ethiopian university students. The results indicated the following: (a) The group stereotype was perceived as having a validity specific to that group's members, (b) Group members known well were perceived as fitting the group stereotype better than members known little, (c) The greater the validity a group characteristic was perceived to have, the more cognitively available it was. (d) The perceived validity of characteristics in the stereotype was enhanced when these were applied to the group as a whole as compared to when applied to individual group members. The perceived validity of characteristics not in the stereotype was not enhanced. Results suggest that the stereotype func...


Chao-Chin Chung , Tzou-Chi Huang , Chen-Hsing Yu , Feng-Yi Shen 1 and Ho-Hsien Chen 1 + 1 + Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan 1, Shuehfu Road., Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan Abstract. Fresh-cut vegetables and fruits are easily contaminated by microbes during food processing. Further, browning reactions in fruits and vegetables are regarded as a serious problem that occurs during handling, processing and storage. Hence, the use of bactericide is a critical to assuring the microbiological safety and quality of food products at various stages of the supply chain. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a strong oxidizing agent and a safe bactericide, and generates only a small amount of trihalomethans (THMs) as a byproduct. This study mainly evaluates the bactericidal efficacy of ClO2 and sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl) for six kinds of fresh-cut vegetables and fruits (cucumber, lettuce, carrot, apple, tomato and guava). The samples were dipped an washed in 50, 100 and 200 ppm bactericide solution for 20 minutes and stored for 0, 1, 2, 4 and 7 days, then checked for microbial content (total bacterial, coliform, E. coli, yeasts and molds count) and browning, respectively. The results indicated that 100 ppm ClO2 solution can reduce 3.54.0 log CFU/g (p < 0.05) in total bacterial and coliform counts on lettuce, carrot and tomato which is better than sodium hypochlorite solution. The flowing washing treatment is better than dipping treatment. As for the browning test, the apple slices treated with 50 ppm ClO2 solution showed anti-browning effects, but carrot slices treated with 200 ppm ClO2 solution displayed a fading effect. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis also showed that using a 200 ppm ClO2 bactericide solution for 20 minutes, results in 12.85 ppb residuary THMs which is lower than NaOCl treatment (142 ppb residuary THMs). The treatment of ClO2 solution for fresh-cut vegetables and fruits also conform to the Taiwan environment protection regulation, which calls for THMs counts lower than 80 ppb.


The paper presents a methodology for calculating the stress-deformed state of the pipeline. All dimensions required for calculations are given. The object of research is a section of an elevated trunk pipe with curved sections transporting oil. The stress-deformed state of the pipeline was calculated considering and without considering soil conditions using the SolidWorks PC. According to the results of all the calculations of the stress-deformed state of the pipe with curved sections, the dependence of the stress distribution over the zones of the pipeline on the strength of frost heaving of the soil is derived.


In July the UK government's House of Commons Health Committee produced its long awaited report on urgent and emergency services.1 The committee has done a terrific job in getting to the heart of the problems afflicting urgent and emergency care in England. This work restores faith in the parliamentary processes that continue behind the tedious headlines of day-to-day, push and shove, sound bite politics.

A selected few of many key messages are:


A method for engaging an interface with the baseband RF transceiver includes three sub-interfaces. The first sub-interface is configured to receive a first data stream input IQ, IQ data of the first input sub-stream to obtain a first data packet input IQ, and by a first set of the first channel RX line input to the IQ data packet transmission baseband processor. The second sub-interface is configured to receive a second input IQ data stream, the second input of the IQ data stream to obtain a second sub-packet input IQ, and by a second set of the second channel RX line input to the IQ data packet transmission baseband processor. The third sub-interface is configured to receive the output channel via the TX line IQ data packet from the baseband processor, and outputs IQ data packet to obtain an output IQ unpacks the data stream. The third sub-interface is further configured to further via line TX RX received from the baseband processor channel unacknowledged signal.


In this paper we report the development of mobility test bed, the realization of basic protocol that supports L3 mobility and the measurement of performance parameters that can affect handover performance. Previously proposed mobility management system, BBM (Break Before Make) method such as MIPV6 and Fast MIPV6, uses one interface in wireless network. In this method, to connect to new AP, it first disconnects existing AP and tries to connect to new AP. This can cause packet loss for the traffic vulnerable to delay such as VoIP. To provide seamless handover between different wireless networks, we propose MBB (Make Before Break) handover method having two network interfaces. Comparative study of previous method and proposed method on mobility and handover was conducted under simulated real environment on the test bed. Almost no packet loss was found with newly proposed method. In conclusion, it is shown that mobility protocol with proposed handover method can be applied to the application services sensitive to delay and packet loss.


ii Acknowledgements iii List of Tables v List of Figures vi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Site Information 6 Chapter 3: Experimental Methodology 8 3.1: Sample Processing 8 3.2: Water Quality Parameter Testing 8 3.3: Analytical Measurements 8 3.4: Trend Analysis 11 Chapter 4: Results and Discussion 12 Conclusions 27 References 29


Fe,Ti)-N films with high content of Fe16N2 phase are prepared by facing target sputtering. Influences of doped titanium content on the structure and magnetic properties of Fe-N films are investigated. According to XRD and TEM results, optimum Ti additions enhance the formation of the 16:2 nitride, the values of saturation magnetization Bs for (Fe,Ti)-N films with Ti atomic fraction of 0 25% are larger than that for pure bcc iron, the maximum value for Bs is 2.68 T for the sample with 10% Ti, this value is 20% larger than that for pure bcc iron.


One unsupported nickel catalysts (about 55 wt.% Ni) supported on SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , ZrO 2 , V 2 O 5 and ZnO were characterized by pulse dynamic oxygen chemisorption measured at -78 °C and evaluated in the reaction of reductive amination of diethylene glycol. Correlation was obtained between their oxygen uptake and catalytic activity.


Approaching the identity of peasants from their own perspective requires the recognition of subjects as analytical entities, so that identity can be identifi...


Communication among healthcare providers is one of the most important factors associated with quality of care and patient safety, especially in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). However, relatively little is known about the different aspects of communication in health care, specifically in ICUs, and the relationship between communication and outcome measures. In this paper we adapted an existing questionnaire developed by Shortell et al. (1991) to further examine communication in ICUs from the viewpoint of nurses.


Book file PDF easily for everyone and every device. You can download and read online Walk Like a Man: Coming of Age with the Music of Bruce Springsteen file PDF Book only if you are registered here. And also you can download or read online all Book PDF file that related with Walk Like a Man: Coming of Age with the Music of Bruce Springsteen book. Happy reading Walk Like a Man: Coming of Age with the Music of Bruce Springsteen Bookeveryone. Download file Free Book PDF Walk Like a Man: Coming of Age with the Music of Bruce Springsteen at Complete PDF Library. This Book have some digital formats such us :paperbook, ebook, kindle, epub, fb2 and another formats. Here is The Complete PDF Book Library. It's free to register here to get Book file PDF Walk Like a Man: Coming of Age with the Music of Bruce Springsteen.


Abstract Core and Auger spectra of Ge in amorphous GeO x alloys are analysed in terms of initial state shifts and changes in relaxation energy. From this analysis it is concluded that both contributions to the chemical shift can be explained on the basis of the basic Ge(Ge4n - nO n ) tetrahedron independent of the matrix. The new concept of a bond polarizability to estimate the relaxation contribution to the chemical shift is in contrast to the effective medium approach inherent in the linear dielectric response model, which is unable to explain the experimental data of covalently bonded systems that are inhomogeneous on an atomic scale.


In 2014, a 6‐week‐long fire at the Hazelwood coal mine exposed residents in the adjacent town of Morwell to high concentrations of fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5). The long‐term health consequences are being evaluated as part of the Hazelwood Health Study.


This paper proposes a hybrid network scheme combining ad-hoc networks into cellular networks. The scheme is aimed to help the networks to recover to service as much as possible after a disaster strike, by maintaining the connection between Base Stations (BSs) and nodes via multi-hopping, where if a node cannot connect to a BS directly, it switches its working mode from cellular mode to ad-hoc mode. A location-based routing protocol has been proposed for building a route from the node to the BS. Simulation results shows that even if only a small part of the nodes can directly connect to a BS, most of the nodes can find a route to a BS via multi-hopping. And it is found that it outperforms a previously proposed solution which is via beaconing in terms of resistance to mobility.


Introduction. Combat stress is characterized by extreme impact on the human mind, the psychological consequences of which are expressed in extreme manifestations in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). With the participation of a large number of people in local armed and interethnic confl icts PTSD can cause health problems, complete or partial disability and lead to social disadaptation.Goal of research — objective is to identify the main psychosomatic disorders after suffering combat stress.Materials and methods. 268 men between 21 and 49 years old, combat veterans (main group), and 60 military men of the same age who did not take part in combat operations (control group) were examined. In order to study the disorders of the cardiovascular system in veterans, the following methods were used: ECG monitoring for 12 hours and for 24 hours, blood pressure monitoring, bicycle ergometry, and echocardiography, clinical and biochemical examinations, plain and contrast X-ray examinations, CT imaging of the thoracic and abdominal cavities and pelvic organs, ultrasound of the internal parenchymal organs, endoscopic examination of the hollow organs in order to detect dysadaptation in the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary zones. Adaptation disorders in the musculoskeletal system were examined with the use of laboratory and instrumental techniques. Changes in the reproductive system were assessed in accordance with the quality of spermogram and the level of the corresponding hormones in the blood serum.Results. According to the results of the research psychosomatic disorders were observed in almost a half of the examined veterans of military operations. In the period up to 3 years after the effect of combat stress from psychosomatic disorders various manifestations of autonomic dysfunction dominated. Vegetative disorders were combined with affective disorders mainly of anxiety-depressive spectrum. In the period of long-term consequences of combat trauma polysystemic somatic nosological forms were observed due to the failure of compensation mechanisms and generalization of pathological processes. The most important aspect of the development of psychogenic pathology is the gradual loss of specifi city with the transition to nonspecifi c somatic organic pathology. This refl ects the peculiarity of the course of psychosomatic pathology in the form of a subsequent increase in «somatization» and the relevance of the search for methods of treatment.Conclusion. In this regard osteopathy based on the principles of holism is able to offer unique techniques. It is advisable to study involving of osteopathic doctors in the treatment and rehabilitation of veterans.


Organization of China Communist Youth League(hereafter refereed to as CCCYL) can better play the role of political bridge, business aggregation leader and intensive service management if built to be a hub-type social organization. This paper beginning from analysis of the political, organizational, talent advantages of CCYL in its construction of hub-type social organization, focuses on analysis of the existing problems of construction; explores the principles and solutions, useful methods and channels of construction in the new era background. It proposes that the important approaches of CCYL's construction of hub-type social organization are to improve the service ability of CCYL, better play the role of major carrier, well control four points: voluntary service, public welfare undertakings, starting a career and getting a job, growing up and becoming talent.


A novel intelligent fault diagnosis method based on binary granular computing-neural network (BGrCNN) was presented on this paper. To a fault diagnosis system of an internal combustion engine, the binary granular of granular computing (BGrC) method was used to reduce the information brought by the measured original data, and then feed-forward neural networks was added into the fault diagnosis system using the reduction samples. A simulation example was given in the end of this paper, and the simulation result was compared with the diagnosis results only used artificial neural network (ANN), which lies on the less time required in training and effectiveness of fault diagnosis. The conclusion indicates that the BGrCNN method can reduce the amount of useless data and bring an effective structure to neural network.


Materials about first data and subsequent discovery and study of the placer gold in Middle and Southern Timan are providing in the article. Famous Russian geologist A. A. Chernov stood at the origins of discovery. His study gave impetus to the practical search for gold in this region.


Several problems concerning a pattern of relay protection of electrified wire netting are (discussed). These include the choice of an operational pattern of calculation,the cooperation of (protective) devices,the relation between the structure of electrified wire netting and relay protection.


To provide a flexible keel (28) for use as a bone fixation element for use with a variety of orthopedic implants (10) having a portion configured to fix into the bone tissue. Flexible keel includes a wing (54, 56) two terminating proximally of a pair of outwardly flared (58-60), the wing further away from the bone-contacting implant surface by an air gap. Flexible keel wing increases the ease of modification or explanted treatment. .The


Abstract: The more obvious forms of corruption are often preceded and explained by the etiolation of a practice: as its participants lose track of the point of their activities, their moral immune system is disabled. The argument is developed via a case study, philosophy itself. After advancing the hypothesis that philosophy is in the first instance the machine tool industry of the intellect—that its task is making the intellectual tools that make the intellectual tools—we consider what becomes of such an enterprise when this objective slips out of focus.


Over 208,000 residents of Hennepin County, Minnesota are over the age of 55, a number that is sure to rise. This paper examines the transportation needs of the elderly in Hennepin County through a mail out-mail back survey of their existing travel behavior and their unmet needs. The survey had both demographic and attitude questions as well as a travel diary for recording actual trips and desired but untaken trips. We found that 87% of the sampled population feel they are independent travelers. Around 51% of the surveyed population indicated that they are transit users, 25% of them revealed their concerns about difficulties they are facing when using public transit. About 16% of transit users were concerned about waiting time for transit, while only 8% were concerned about the travel time. Only 15% of the surveyed population use paratransit. A large number of comments were received, which add qualitative flavor to the analysis that was conducted. Seniors recognize even if they are currently independent, that will not always be the case, and acknowledge they should plan.


In this paper, numerical simulations to predict fluid flow inside lid driven square and triangular cavity is carried out. The streamline patterns obtained from the simulations is investigated and studied. Lattice Boltzmann Method is used to predict the flow in lid driven cavities. In order to simulate the flow, derivation of macroscopic hydrodynamics equations from the continuous Boltzmann equation need to be performed. Then, the numerical results of shear-driven flow inside square and triangular cavity are compared with results found in literature review. Present study found that flow streamline patterns are affected by the geometry of the cavity and the Reynolds numbers used.


A 1-day satellite conference to the International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology entitled "Cellular Cholesterol Ester Metabolism" was held at the University of California, San Francisco on August 23, 1997. It was organized to bring together individuals from different disciplines to exchange ideas and information in this important area. Cellular cholesteryl ester metabolism plays a key role in maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis which is vital for normal cell growth and function. The Conference began with an overview by John Dietschy (UT, Southwestern) on the physiological importance of the cholesterol esterification/hydrolysis system. Although acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) often is said to protect cells from a sudden influx of large amounts of cholesterol, this is an uncommon event physiologically. More commonly, ACAT (along with cholesteryl ester hydrolases, CEH) is responsible for maintaining cellular steady-state levels of cholesteryl esters. In vivo, as in vitro, the level of esterification appears to be driven in part by availability of cholesterol and fatty acids. Feeding cholesterol to a new steady state expands both the unesterified and esterified levels of cholesterol, while feeding different fatty acids significantly shifts the ratio between these two components. In humans, as well as in experimental animals, the levels of both dietary cholesterol and fatty acids profoundly affect the steadystate levels of cholesteryl esters in the liver, the level of hepatic low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity and the outflow of cholesterol in VLDL particles. Further, one of the causes of variable responses of the LDL level to cholesterol challenge is mediated by differences in the amount of cholesterol absorbed across the gastrointestinal tract which in turn appears to be dependent on intestinal ACAT levels. Clearly, it is essential that future work include identification of the genes involved and that appropriate studies be undertaken to identify how these enzymes are regulated and whether they are responsible for genetic differences in responses of the plasma LDL level to dietary challenge. The first session, "Physiology/Pathophysiology of Cholesterol Esters," chaired by Richard Havel (UCSF) and Jane Glick (University of Pennsylvania), opened with a discussion by Larry Rudel (Bowman Gray) of relationships between hepatic production and secretion of cholesteryl esters and atherosclerosis in African green monkeys. Although plasma apoB and LDL cholesterol concentrations were lower in monkeys fed monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat than in those fed saturated fat, LDL particles in the monounsaturated fat group were remarkably enriched in cholesteryl oleate and the livers of this group had significantly higher cholesteryl ester concentrations. Liver cholesteryl ester content, plasma cholesterol and apoB levels, liver perfusate cholesteryl ester accumulation rate, hepatic ACAT activity, and coronary artery cholesteryl ester concentration were all highly correlated in each group. These data provide the first direct demonstration of the importance of hepatic cholesteryl ester synthesis and secretion in the development of atherosclerosis in primates.


Objective To identify the prognostic factors for survival of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The clinical data and survival results of 75 patients with HCC receiving liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed.Various clinicopathologic risk fac- tors for cumulative survival and neoplasm free survival were evaluated by univariate and multivariate a- nalysis.Results the half-year,1-year,2-year survival rate of 75 patients after liver transplantation was 85.33%,65.70% and 45.44% respectively;In the univariate analysis,macroscopic vascular invasion,histopathologic grading,preoperative alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)level,neoplasm size,neo- plasm amount and neoplasm distribution were found to be significantly associated with actuarial surviv- al and neoplasm free survival rate.In the multivariate Cox regression analysis,the prognostic factors independently associated with patient survival and neoplasm free survival rate were identified to be macroscopic vascular invasion,preoperative AFP level and histopathologic grading.Conclusions Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for HCC patients.Histopathologic grading,macroscopic vas- cular invasion and preoperative AFP level are the independent prognostic factors of HCC patients un- dergoing liver transplantation.Among the three factors,the histopathologic grading is the most im- portant one.


Compressed sensing (CS) MRI relies on adequate under-sampling of the k-space to accelerate the acquisition without compromising image quality. Consequently, the design of optimal sampling patterns for these k-space coefficients has received significant attention, with many CS MRI methods exploiting variable-density probability distributions. Realizing that an optimal sampling pattern may depend on the downstream task (e.g. image reconstruction, segmentation, or classification), we here propose joint learning of both task-adaptive k-space sampling and a subsequent model-based proximal-gradient recovery network. The former is enabled through a probabilistic generative model that leverages the Gumbel-softmax relaxation to sample across trainable beliefs while maintaining differentiability. The proposed combination of a highly flexible sampling model and a model-based (sampling-adaptive) image reconstruction network facilitates exploration and efficient training, yielding improved MR image quality compared to other sampling baselines.


By means of literature review,expert interview,questionnaires and statistic analysis,this paper redefines the concept of college extra-curricula PE and identifies its functional orientation.According to the principles of relativity,effectiveness and maneuverability,the operational design of college extra-curricula PE is made in terms of the participants' classification,form and content of extra-curricula PE as well as its organization and management.The evaluation system is constructed from the angle of its supervising and motivating function,and finally a series of measurements is proposed,including a credit system through the four school years,awards and scholarships linked with PE scores,and a higher percentage of extra-curricula PE in students' PE scores.


Higher vocational education is an important part of higher education in our country, and the training of innovation ability is a vital mission. The countermeasure of innovative ability training is pointed out in the paper based on questions presented in our higher vocational education.


After the mass production and automation that characterised the 20th century, recent technological breakthroughs including advanced robotics, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, augmented and virtual reality, the Internet of Things (IoT) and 3D printing are seen as set to change the way we work and live (OECD, 2018, Pereira & Romero, 2017; Frank et al., 2019). The changes are summed up under the notion of Industry 4.0 in reference to the program put in place by the Federal government...


In this paper we analyze the decision of small and micro firms to formalize, i.e. to obtain business and other licenses in rural Indonesia. We use the rural investment climate survey (RICS) that consists of non-farm rural enterprises, most of them microenterprises, and analyze the effect of formalization on tax payments, corruption, access to credit and revenue, taking into account the endogeneity of the formalization decision to such benefits and costs. We show, contrary to most of the literature, that formalization reduces tax and corruption payments. The benefits of formalization, and therefore the likelihood of being formal, also depend on characteristics such as firm size, as well as the education and ethnicity of the owner.


In this paper,starting from the effectiveness and the index definition of ideological and political course,the system of the effectiveness of ideological and political course is analyzed.First,multi-level evaluation model of its effectiveness is established,By using unascertained algorithm.


This paper presents the characterization of diode arrays fabricated in IBM's 0.18um CSOI7RF technology under both ESD and Radio Frequency (RF) test conditions. For the ESD characterization, HBM and TLP measurements and simulations are conducted and discussed in detail. For the RF characterization, the small signal and large signal responses are both measured and simulated. The primary focus is the diode array loading capacitance which is extracted from the small signal S-Parameters, and the harmonic power which is measured at both even and odd harmonics during a 900MHz power sweep. This research focuses on the connection between asymmetry in the diode structures (mismatch) and the even harmonic responses of bi-directional shunted ESD diode connected circuits.


In ground-based optical detection system, when large aperture primary mirror in a different pitch angle detection, the surface shape error of primary mirror is affected by its weight deformation, and the surface shape error of primary mirror is one of the key factors affecting imaging quality. The primary mirror support system, including axial support and radial support, and the axial support is main factor affecting the surface shape error of primary mirror, the position and number of axial support is very important for surface shape error of primary mirror. The support technology of Φ1.2m primary mirror was studied detailedly in this paper, the parameterized model of primary mirror was built based on ANSYS, the relationship between the surface shape error of primary mirror and the ratio of its diameter to thickness was analyzed, the axial support was optimized, and the support-ring number, support-ring radius and support point position of axial support were optimum designed. The result of analysis showed that the Root-Mean-Square (RMS) value of the surface shape error of primary mirror was 1.8 nm, when the primary mirror pointed to zenith, met to the design need of the optical system, and the axial support system was verified.


In the context of reforming the domestic education system, including preschool, as its first stage, the problem of the formation and development of preschool educational institutions is becoming urgent again. Domestic historical and pedagogical experience of creating a network of kindergartens, hearths, summer and winter nurseries, orphanages, playgrounds, and so on. it can become an important reference point in the modernization of the system of preschool educational organizations at the present stage. The creation of a preschool network in the Tambov governorate takes place in the first decade of Soviet regime (1918–1928). In the course of the study, the concept of a "network of preschool institutions" and the types of organizations that make up it were defined. It reflects the socio-economic conditions in which the network of preschool education institutions was formed, analyzes the impact of the new economic policy of the state on a sharp reduction in the number of kindergartens and hearths, as well as a number of other reasons, taking into account regional peculiarities. The study of archival materials, published sources, analysis of statistical data allowed us to build a growth curve of the network of preschool educational institutions in the Tambov region, to identify and characterize three stages of development. And also to conclude that, despite all the efforts made by the state and local authorities aimed at creating and maintaining a network of preschool institutions, the number of kindergartens and hearths in the Tambov governorate in the first decade of Soviet regime was clearly insufficient.


The utility model relates to an electric auxiliary heating forced circulating solar water heater, which belongs to the field of a solar water heater. The electric auxiliary heating forced circulating solar water heater is composed of a heat collector 1, a controller 7, a water outlet pipe 2 of the heat collector, a hot water storing tank 3, an electric heating pipe 9, a hot water providing pipe 4, a cold water supplying pipe 11, a circulating pipe 8, a circulation water pump 6, a check valve 5, etc., wherein, the electric auxiliary heating forced circulating solar water heater under the control of the same controller 7 can realize the temperature differential forced circulating heating of solar energy and the auxiliary heating of electrical energy simultaneously, the control of the heating uses a temperature sensor T2 in common. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, easy installation, high reliability, etc.


A full-potential band structure calculation, within the local density approximation to the density functional theory, has been performed for the polytypes 3C, 2H, 4H, and 6H of SiC. The calculated effective electron masses are found to be in very good agreement with experimental values. The electron-optical phonon coupling has been estimated and the polaron masses are calculated to be 3%–13% larger than the corresponding bare masses. The effective electron masses of the second lowest conduction band minima are also presented and the calculated energy difference between the two lowest minima in 4H–SiC is only 0.12 eV. The lowest conduction band in 6H–SiC is found to be very flat and to have a double-well-like minimum along the ML line. The top of the valence bands has been parametrized according to the k⋅p approximation, whereupon the effective hole masses have been determined. The spin-orbit interaction was found to have a strong influence on the value of the effective hole masses. Furthermore, total and ...


In this paper, a dynamic lighting control system for balancing light and shade in a full-scale private office is discussed. This system was developed to control the amount of indoor light by automatically adjusting the blinds and artificial lighting. Compared with previous work, the innovation of this system is the application of a fuzzy neural network and the feedback control of blinds turning. The fuzzy neural network is used to forecast the venetian blind turning angle. The angle feedback control is used to achieve the blind position with self-adaptive adjusting. The system was tested and verified in three different types of weather. The conclusion presented that the optimal angle of venetian blind operation and providing indoor visual comfort can be effectively controlled.


Focusing on the case of Russian personalism, the article addresses topical issues of the evidence as basis of personalistic metaphysics. In the philosophy of Russian personalism, evidence means revelation of the being in human life.


BACKGROUND
Prior studies have demonstrated differences by sex and race/ethnicity in oral HPV prevalence. This study examined the impact of vaccination on these disparities.

METHODS
We examined participants 18-59 years old in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011-16 who reported their HPV vaccination status and submitted an adequate oral sample (N=9,437). Oral prevalence of HPV, grouped by any, low risk, high risk, 4vHPV, 9vHPV, and non-vaccine types, was examined by sex, race/ethnicity and vaccination status. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios by vaccination status. Multivariable logistic regression models controlled for age, sex, and race/ethnicity.

RESULTS
The prevalence of any type, non-vaccine type, low-risk, high-risk, 4vHPV, and 9vHPV types was higher among males than females, even among vaccinated participants. Examination of racial/ethnic differences demonstrated differences in all HPV groups among unvaccinated males and among low-risk types in females. In all but the 2 vaccine-type groups, the prevalence of oral HPV was notably higher among black males compared to other groups. Significant differences were not observed by race/ethnicity among vaccinated males or females.

CONCLUSION
Males tested positive for oral HPV more frequently than females, even among those vaccinated. This may have resulted from a lower frequency of males being vaccinated before initiating oral sex than females. Vaccination of males at the recommended age, therefore, may decrease differences in oral HPV by sex. Racial/ethnic differences were observed only in unvaccinated individuals, suggesting these disparities will decrease as more individuals are vaccinated.


While the far-field thermal emission of thin film have been described in detail during the last five years [1–2], surprisingly, no systematic study on their near-field emission has been carried out so far. In this work we present an exact calculation of the local density of state of the non-radiative part of electromagnetic field close to the surface of thin metallic films. We describe the specific near-field properties of bounded structures. In particular it is found that this density closely depends on the thickness of films and can be significantly greater than that of near-field at the same distance from a semi-infinite medium. These results should have important consequences in the design of planar near-field thermal sources.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) was launched on June 18, 2009. The nominal mission ended on September 15, 2010 and LRO is now on a four-year extended mission. The LRO performances in hot and cold cases are compared to pre-launch analysis predicts, and operational lessons learned are discussed. One instrument has required tighter-thananticipated thermal control, and two others have frequently requested unanticipated calibration maneuvers that had to be evaluated for their thermal performance. A series of off nadir thermal analyses of the entire orbiter were performed prior to launch, and these predictions are compared to actual maneuvers, with a discussion of the process by which maneuvers can be rapidly evaluated for thermal concerns. On December 21, 2010, LRO experienced its first severe Lunar Eclipse. Operationally, this required the Spacecraft to pre-heat its main avionics panel in order to minimize control heater power during the period when the Earth blocks the sun from the moon. The operational design and in-flight performance are summarized.


Blade element momentum theory (BEMT) is a well-established method for evaluating the performance of turbines designed to extract energy from a flowing fluid. In this paper, we discuss a modified version of BEMT that allows for greater variation in the permissible inflow conditions, paying particular attention to inflow conditions that model turbulence in coastal waters in order to calculate the power output and other performance parameters of tidal stream turbines (TSTs). In the first part of the paper, we describe the modification we have made to standard BEMT analysis. In the second part, we describe how we create an appropriate representation of a turbulent tidal stream or marine current, and what parameters we can extract from measurements of a real current in order to create this representation. Some preliminary results are presented and their significance discussed.


The Pulse Systems Inc. Model LP-140 is a commercial pulsed CO2 laser designed for marking and engraving. It is available with pulse energies in excess of 1 joule and repetition rates up to 7 Hz, thus making it a potential candidate for lidar applications. The authors document the characteristics of the LP-140 performance including power, temporal and spatial mode stability, chirp, and long term operational characteristics. The laser can be made to function as a coherent lidar only if modified to improve its inherent characteristics. This paper addresses work in progress on the following modifications and their effect on performance: gas flow, optical resonator configuration and discharge supply modifications.


3074 Background: mTOR plays a critical role in transducing proliferative signals mediated through the PI3-K/AKT pathway. We have previously demonstrated that everolimus (E) decreased p-4E-BP1 and p-p70S6K levels, the two known downstream targets of mTOR, and inhibited tumor cell proliferation. Interestingly, E-treatment increased the p-AKT levels. We investigated whether the blockade of EGFR by gefitinib (G) could prevent E-induced p-AKT and to determine the optimal schedule of combining E and G.

METHODS
Cell growth inhibition and western blot assays were performed on BT-474, MDA-MB-468 and DU-145 cancer cell lines. For the simultaneous exposure, cells were incubated for 72 hours with G and/or E, at doses including the IC50 for each drug and cell type. For the sequential exposure, cells were treated with G for 48 hours, washed twice and incubated for a further 48 hours with E, and viceversa. Results were analysed using the combination index (CI) method.

RESULTS
The simultaneous treatment of BT-474 and DU-145 cells with G and E inhibited cell growth more than each drug alone, resulting in an additive antiproliferative effect (CI=1). Furthermore, the sequential treatment with G followed by E produced synergistic effects (CI<1) in both cell lines. On the other hand, the effect of the combination in MDA-MB-468 cells, which are relatively resistant to G, was synergistic when the drugs were added simultaneously, and additive in the sequential schedule G followed by E. The sequential treatment with E followed by G produced antagonistic effects (CI>1) in all cell lines. G, at its IC50 dose, completely prevented E -induced p-AKT. In addition, G markedly enhanced the E-mediated decrease in p-4E-BP1 and p-p70S6K.

CONCLUSIONS
Everolimus is a promising candidate for use in combination with G either in G-sensitive or -resistant tumors. The antitumor interaction between these two agents appears to be sequence-dependent. The optimal therapeutic schedule of the combination may be G applied during or before E. In-vivo evaluation of G and E combination is currently ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Based on the general research and observations derived from on site visits of the Special Rapporteurship on Migrant Workers and their Families of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, this chapter discusses the components of due process guarantees for individuals who are subjected to immigration proceedings. While this analysis centers on situation of migrant workers in the Western Hemisphere, its general considerations can be applied to refugees and asylum seekers beyond that region. The examination is for the most part informed by decisions of the Inter-American Commission system organs, although it also relies on case law of the European human rights system. The chapter provides an overview of migration as a political and social phenomenon and reviews international human rights norms and state practice pertaining to migrants in the Americas. It then presents suggestions concerning a quantum of due process in cases on status, exclusion, and expulsion of foreign nationals. Keywords: asylum seekers; European human rights system; foreign nationals; immigration proceedings; inter-American commission on human rights; migrant workers; refugees