Optimization of flow fields in redox flow batteries can increase performance and efficiency, while reducing cost. Therefore, there is a need to establish a fundamental understanding on the connection between flow fields, electrolyte flow management and electrode properties. In this work, the flow distribution and pressure drop characteristics of interdigitated flow fields with constant and tapered cross-sections are examined numerically and experimentally. Two simplified 2D along-the-channel models are used: (1) a CFD model, which includes the channels and the porous electrode, with Darcy's viscous resistance as a momentum sink term in the latter; and (2) a semi-analytical model, which uses Darcy's law to describe the 2D flow in the electrode and lubrication theory to describe the 1D Poiseuille flow in the channels, with the 2D and 1D sub-models coupled at the channel/electrode interfaces. The predictions of the models are compared between them and with experimental data. The results show that the most influential parameter is γ , defined as the ratio between the pressure drop along the channel due to viscous stresses and the pressure drop across the electrode due to Darcy's viscous resistance. The effect of R e in the channel depends on the order of magnitude of γ , being negligible in conventional cells with slender channels that use electrodes with permeabilities in the order of 10 − 12 m 2 and that are operated with moderate flow rates. Under these conditions, tapered channels can enhance mass transport and facilitate the removal of bubbles (from secondary reactions) because of the higher velocities achieved in the channel, while being pumping losses similar to those of constant cross-section flow fields. This agrees with experimental data measured in a single cell operated with aqueous vanadium-based electrolytes.


Radiolysis calculations of simulated seawater were conducted using reported data on chemical yields and chemical reaction sets to predict the effects of seawater constituents on water radiolysis. Hydrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide were continuously produced from simulated seawater during γ-ray irradiation. The concentration of H2 exceeded its saturation concentration before it reached the steady-state concentration. The production behavior of these molecules was significantly promoted by the addition of bromide ions (Br−) because of the high reactivity of Br− with the hydroxyl radical, an effective hydrogen scavenger. It is also shown that the concentrations of these molecules were effectively suppressed by diluting seawater constituents by less than 1%.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate role of protein Bcl-2 in the oxidative injury induced by radiotherapy or chemotherapy. METHODS:We employed the rat models for radiotherapy and chemotherapy. For each experiment,the rats were divided into four groups:control group,model group,radiotherapy or chemotherapy group,and protection 60 group. The rats for radiotherapy experiment received local radiation of Co γ with the accumulative dosage of 47 Gy. The rats for chemotherapy experiment received doxorubicin(2 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection every two days. The protection groups received multiple antioxidants(Antitoxin 60 mg/kg+Vit E 20 mg/kg+Tannin 2.5 mg/kg) by gavage every day. These treatments lasted 5 weeks for radiotherapy experiment and 8 weeks for chemotherapy experiment. At the end of the experiments,all of the rats were sacrificed and the specific tissues were fixed to cut sections. The expression of protein Bcl-2 was measured by immunohistochemistry and the positive stainings were quantified by optical density analysis. RESULTS:There was a certain positive expression of protein Bcl-2 in the normal rats. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy treatment significantly inhibited the protein Bcl-2 expression(P0.05),in which antioxidant supplementations showed obvious protection(P0.05). CONCLUSION:Protein Bcl-2 was a key target of oxidative injury induced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy,as well as a potential target of antioxidant supplementation to reduce the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.


Road signs provide information through the combinat ion of three elements: shape, color and pictogram. The current road signs are designed to ensure safety but are designed for adul ts and not for children. Kids are not small adults and they have a different perception of reality. While planning of home to sc hool pedestrian routes, it is necessary to create r oad signs that are comprehensible for children aged 6-14. Therefore the elements of r oad signs were studied individually. The study reve aled that both the knowledge of geometric shapes and colors perception are closely related to age and culture and to the teachings whi ch children are submitted to. In fact, some geometric shapes, like the circle, are p erfectly recognized from childhood and others less so, such as the rectangle. Moreover children are attracted to basic colors but they are aware of the existence of pastel colors o nly with teaching. Finally, pictogram must represent a simple symbol that is ea sily recognized especially from far away. The messa ge generated by the three elements is understandable by children. In fact, ch ildren overcome the phase of syncretism after the a ge of 6, which corresponds to the phase in which children are unable to analyses and syntheses. The result of the research has allowed d esigning road signs that are able to ensure the safety of home to school routes. A road signs study was conducted for Cagliari's pr oject on road safety. This project involves the use of questionnaires to verif y if the road signs are properly designed.


A series of fluorinated polyphosphazenes [Me(Ph)PN] x {[RR'C(OH)CH 2 ](Ph)PNI} γ (3, R = C 6 H 5 , R'= CF 3 ; 4, R = R' = CF 3 ; 5, R = C 6 H 4 CF 3 , R' = H ; 6, R = C 6 H 5 , R'= CF 2 CF 3 ; 7, R = C 6 F 5 , R'= CH3 ; and 8, R = C 6 F 5 , R' = H) were prepared by deprotonation of a portion of the methyl groups in [Me(Ph)PN] n (1), with n-BuLi, followed by treatment with fluorinated aldehydes and ketones, RR'C-(=O). The range of substitution {i.e., [y/(x + y)](100%)} was between 5% and 50% as determined by elemental analysis. Partially fluorinated polymer 10 was prepared by replacing the OH group in the related, non-fluorinated polymer, [Me(Ph)PN] x {[Me 2 C(OH)CH 2 ](Ph)PN} γ (9), with fluorine using (diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride. The new polymers were characterized by 1 H, 13 C, and 31 P NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, and GPC. The T g 's as determined by DSC ranged from 38 to 94 °C. Aqueous contact angle measurements (77-92°) indicated that the surfaces of the new polymers were more hydrophobic than that of the parent polymer, 1.


Yuedong heavy oil reservoir belongs to a tidal zone heavy oil block. There isn t light oil nearby, so that it is difficult to transport heavy oil by blending light oil. Using former practices for reference, heating or reducing viscosity by emulsification may be adopted. Based on indoor rheological parameters, calculation method of on-way pressure drawdown has been discussed for oil transportation pipeline of Yuedong heavy oil reservoir. The optimal plan is also given, thus providing scientific basis for heavy oil transportation process in this area.


With the imminent arrival of public ISDN services in Australia, Telecom Australia-PABX Unit has developed TeLinc, an ISDN signalling system for private networks, to allow flexible networking of PABXs using public ISDN resources and to support a wide range of supplementary services with feature transparency across private networks. TeLinc allows private networks in the ISDN to be realized economically taking full advantage of ISDN functionality and to evolve without the undue constraint of being tied to a single vendor irrespective of performance and cost criteria. The paper outlines the scope of the signalling system and the protocol structure for various scenarios. Individual layer protocols as well as supplementary services supported in the signalling system are also discussed. >


Abstract : A goal of future naval development is to utilize fleet systems to acquire ocean environment measurements for tactical use on the spot'. A preliminary evaluation of data indicates that a future operational mine hunting system can provide needed bathymetry data in regions where adequate data does not exist. In this paper, bathymetric data is obtained from the Volume Search Sonar (VSS) on the Engineering Development Model (EDM) AN/AQS-20 Sonar, Mine Detecting Set to illustrate the capability. This system is a helicopter-towed mine hunting system with the capability to obtain coarse bathymetry data. The data are sufficient to meet the accuracy requirements for mine warfare operations.


Land Use coding for points within approximately 10 acre grid cell analysis zones from 1961-1970-1975 with other land use related attributes also listed.


The genus Campylobacter consists of microaerophilic curved bacteria previously identified as Vibrio and includes pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Few phenotypic characteristics confirm their identification. C. jejuni causes human enteritis and abortion in sheep whereas C. hyointestinalis has been associated with swine proliferative ileitis.' C. coli, the predominant Campylobacter colonizing the intestine of pigs, has been isolated from cases of human bloody diarrhea. Campylobacter fetus fetus is orally transmitted, associated with abortion in sheep and in cattle, and is responsible for bacteremia, endocarditis and enteritis in humans. C. fetus venereulis is transmitted venereally, and induces abortion in cattle, as does the aerotolerant C. cryaerophila C. sputorum bubulus is a commensal of the genital tract of cattle and sheep. Restriction enzyme analysis (REA) has been used to study the epidemiology of C. coli. C. jejuni, '*' C. pyloridis. ' and C. fetus fetus. ' In this report we use restriction enzyme analysis of whole-cell lysate (chromosomal) DNA ( 1) to identify seven Campylobacter species, and ( 2 ) to monitor changes in the C. fetus venerealis genome with passage in vivo and in vitro. Campylobacter colonies from three-day cultures grown on BHI agar supplemented with 10% defibrinated bovine blood were harvested and suspended in 0.85% NaCl, centrifuged (3020 X g 30 min), and cell pellets were frozen until the time of DNA extraction. Chromosomal DNA was prepared essentially as described by Thiermann et al. ' Purified Campylobacter DNA ( 1-2 pg) was digested to completion (3-4 hr) with BglII, BstEII, EcoRI, HhaI, or XhoI in buffers and at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer. Restriction fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis (16 hr; 60 V) on a 20 x 25 cm horizontal electrophoresis box. Gels consisted of 0.7% Seakem ME agarose (Marine Colloids, FMC Corp.) in Tris-borate-EDTA buffer (pH 8.2). At the termination of electrophoresis, gels were stained with ethidium bromide for 45 minutes, visualized with shortwave UV light and photographed using a Kodak 23A red filter. Preliminary studies with enzymes BglII, BstEII, HhaI, XhoI, and EcoRI indicated that HhuI yielded the most readable DNA banding patterns. Upon HhaI digestion, each of the Campylobacter species revealed a unique DNA pattern. The restriction enzyme pattern of the aerotolerant C. cryaerophila after HhaI digestion (FIG. 1, lane 1) closely resembled but was distinguishable from two strains of C. sputorum bubulus (lanes 2,3). The two isolates of C. coli (lanes 4.5) were distinct, as were the two isolates of C. jejuni (lanes 6,7). C. fetus fetus is subdivided into serotypes A and B.


Transposable Elements (TEs) account for nearly one-half of the sequence content in the human genome. De novo germline transposition into regulatory or coding sequences of protein-coding genes causes several heritable disorders. However, TEs are prevalent in and around protein-coding genes, sparking inquiry into possible regulatory function. Computational studies revealed miRNA genes and miRNA Recognition Elements (MREs) residing within TE sequences, but little evidence exists to support a role for these sequences. In this work, I functionally validate miRNAs and MREs derived from the most prevalent TE families, including evolutionarily ancient LINE2 and MIR retrotransposons as well as primate-specific Alu elements. Introduction Transposable Elements (TEs or transposons) mobilize and reintegrate within a host organism's genome and different TE classes have diverse structural features, transposition mechanisms and evolutionary origins. Some elements mobilize via "copy and paste" mechanisms and others through "cut and paste." Retrotransposons (Type I) replicate by transcribing an RNA copy that subsequently reintegrates into the host genome and serves as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (a.k.a. reverse transcriptase) activity. Analogous mechanisms are essential in the life cycle of infectious retroviruses like Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV). Non-infectious Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) are predominant members of the Long Terminal Repeat (LTR)-containing subclass of retrotransposons. Non-LTR-containing retrotransposons, including Long and Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINEs and SINEs, respectively), are the most abundant TE class in the human


Proposals--They Have Changed. Finding the Inside Track. Politics, Grants, and RFPs. Winning RFPs and Grants. Private Industry Proposals. Winners in the Private Sector. Making Internal Presentations and Proposals. How to Write Winning Proposals. Public/Private Winners Combined. The 10 Hottest Proposal Opportunities. Index.


ILO pub-WEP pub-PREALC pub. Working paper, statistical analysis, input output analysis in view of development planning for basic needs satisfaction in Ecuador - analyses trends in economic growth, employment, income, wealth and income distribution, 1948-1980; considers exports, dependence, production, productivity, wages, labour force participation, etc. By economic sector (incl. Handicrafts and small scale industry); quantifies basic and non-basic needs. Diagram, references, statistical tables.


In the oil and gas field of China,hydrogen sulfide rich in natural gas in western area,mainly distribute in the basin of Ordos,Tarim,Junger and the gas field of Du He Kou,Luo Jia Zhai,Zhong Ba,Wei Yuan and Wo Long He in the marine facies strata of Si chuan basin.In these fields,the content of hydrogen sulfide is about 5%-92%,mostly distribute in the oil and gas region where anhydrite salt rich in.In the eastern area,acid gas of Zhao Lan Zhuang,high sulfur and peracid oil of Shengli Gudao,Liao He field besides high sulfur and low-acid oil of Jiang Han field.Based on the real data and realistic material of the several gas and oil fields and then collate them,elaborate the corrosion phenomenon in the gas and oil field of China,about basic types,corrosion means and factors,mainly researched on the corrosion of the process from drilling and development to hydrocarbon refining and hydrocarbon transportation,analysed the corrosion feature of the pipes on several stages,and offer the criteria for the corrosion control.


The residential architecture of the Bai nationality boasts a high degree of craftsmanship, and the Jianchuan Bai national woodcarving is one of the national intangible cultural heritage projects. Through fieldwork, certain materials concerning the Bai architectural woodcarving has been collected. This essay, based on the aesthetic study of the woodcarvings, summarizes four aesthetic features of the Bai woodcarving patterns, namely, the practical beauty of the building components, the balancing beauty of the woodcarving patterns, the auspicious beauty of the main theme, as well as the integrating beauty of the popular concepts. The formation and development of the Bai aesthetic sense is closely associated with its national and social environment, and in return, the aesthetic sense in the Bai nationality also facilitates the Bai people to create better life.


A self-organizing k-means algorithm to classify the inputs (data) into classes is presented. This algorithm provides solutions to the problems that the k-means classification algorithm faces. The k-means classification algorithm has the problem of selecting the threshold(s). It also requires that the number of classes be known a priori. This algorithm forms clusters, removes noise, and is trained without supervision. The clustering is done on the basis of the statistical properties of the set of input data. The algorithm consists of two phases. The first phase is similar to the Carpenter/Grossberg classifier, and the second phase is a modified version of the k-means algorithm. An example is given to illustrate the application of this algorithm and to compare this algorithm with the k-means algorithm.


With sub-micron alumina powder as raw material, high alumina ceramics were prepared through isostatic compaction. The volume density and shrinkage ratio were investigated. The influence of sintering temperature and molding pressure were studied on volume density and shrinkage ratio of ceramic. The results indicated that sintering characteristic of alumina ceramics could be improved at the appropriate sintering temperature and molding pressure and its sintering temperature could be decreased by using sub-micron alumina powder as raw material. 95 ceramics were prepared using sub-micron alumina as raw material, when the sintering temperature was 1550°C, molding pressure was 12 t, and ceramic volume density could be achieved 3.71g /cm3.


On this study the hybrid vehicle powertrain is designed using automated manual transmission, and the simulation program for analyzing dynamic characteristics of this vehicle is developed. Using the result of simulation program, shift mechanism which uses engine and motor is developed. To verify performance of designed powertrain. test facility is constructed.


Cap-metal of the lower metal can be partially etched at shallow via contacts in actual LSI devices. Influence of the cap-metal which partially remains in via contacts on via electromigration (EM) was investigated in cases where the cap-metal was WSi and TiN/Ti. The EM lifetime of via contacts where cap-metal remains is longer than that of via contacts where cap-metal is partially etched when using WSi cap-metal. However, the EM lifetime of via contacts where cap-metal is etched partially is longer than that of via contacts where cap-metal remains when using the TiN/Ti cap-metal. These mechanisms are discussed. Furthermore, EM characteristics of via contacts where aluminum and aluminum are connected directly are reinvestigated and also discussed.


Aimed atthe status and problemsof basic chemistry experimentteaching in applied undergraduate universities at present,introduced some exploration and practice effects that have done to basic chemistry experiment course system reform.Faced of the changes from the"professional education"to"quality education"of highereducation in China,by taking fully developing students' innovative spirit and practical ability as the target,reforming teaching system and content of basic chemistry experiment,scientifically setting up experiment project,become the curriculum system to adapt social needs.Standardized basic skills training type experiment,increased comprehensive and designing experiments,encouraged innovative experiment to improve students' ability of innovation.


This paper is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on periodic layer heat potentials, demonstrating their smooth dependence on regular perturbations of the support of integration. In the second part, we present an application of the results from the first part. Specifically, we consider a transmission problem for the heat equation in a periodic two-phase composite material and we show that the solution depends smoothly on the shape of the transmission interface, boundary data, and conductivity parameters. Finally, in the last part of the paper, we fix all parameters except for the contrast parameter and outline a strategy to deduce an explicit expansion of the solution using a Neumann-type series.


Due to an ever-growing need to automatically authenticate individuals, biometrics remained an active field of research over the course of the last decade. Biometric has been proved to be a reliable means of enforcing constraint in a security sensitive environment. Identifying the people through their ear is the emerging trend in the modern era. Human ear is the unique and clearly visible trait that is permanent for his/her lifetime. The increasing age of human being affects very less on the ear. Detection and recognition are the two major components of an automatic biometrics system. Ear detection is a critical component since the errors in this stage can undermine the utility of the biometric system. This paper provides a detailed survey of research conducted in ear detection and recognition. It provides an up-to-date review of the existing literature revealing the current state-of-art for not only those who are working in this area but also for those who might wish to exploit this new approach.


To develop student skills in Mechanical Technology Practice activities, need to do some preparation, among others; theory that equip students to transfer of knowledge and skills in Technology Mechanical Engineering and Technical Drawing. To achieve the required capabilities need support equipment i.e; Cutting tools, machines and Measurement Product with some working drawings that are used as ingredients in conducting the transfer of skills. Working Drawings (Filing, Drilling, Tapping) and detail drawing of parallel Clamp. Model evaluation of products made by some criteria such as presence of 10% Product Process 20%, Product performance 20%, Product Dimensions Accuracy 40 %, Product Timeliness 10%, as many as 30 Students Results were evaluated with Student's Product. Evaluation Model of the existing data is processed to determine the final Student's value with NA ( Numeric Value ) or NH (Letter Value) .


— Local people and small scale farmer had a broad understanding of their land characteristics and soil quality to choose crop. Though Maximum farmers in our country are illiterate and little educated; they have no enough scientific knowledge about land type, soil quality and crop suitability. But they possess vast indigenous knowledge by living in a same environment for a long period of time. They have developed some strategies that helped them to attain a higher degree of satisfaction in farming. So therefore it is very important to explore the farmer's vernacular knowledge about the land type, soil quality and crop suitability. To address this indigenous knowledge this study investigates the farmer's vernacular knowledge about the land type, soil quality and crop suitability in Lower Ganga Flood Plain in Bangladesh. The information was collected from one Mouza in Nagarkanda upazila, Faridpur district Lower Ganga Flood Plain in Bangladesh. Qualitative and quantitative both data were used in this study. The data were collected from primary sources (such as questionnaire survey, FGD) and secondary data sources (such as books, journals, and published and unpublished research reports). Data were analyzed by exploratory statistics. Graphs and graph tables were created by MS excel. By analyzing the Field data it was investigated that farmers of the study area recognized four elevation levels of land; i). High Land (Vitta) ii). Medium Land (Taner Jomi) iii). Low Land (Nall/Dhop) iv).Very Low (Beel) based on its elevation, flood depth, land use, and crop suitability. The farmers of the study area possess considerable knowledge of the soils quality, moisture conditions of that area. The farmers of the study area distinguish soil into three categories primarily on the basis of color, texture, organic matter content, drainage, and fertility of soils. They use indigenous methods such as visual observation while color, tasting by tongue, feeling, vegetation cover and rubbing with fingers to determine various soil properties. Thus Farmers' knowledge of soils is, therefore, a vast resource we summarized in this paper.


Abstract Results of multi-epoch VLBI observations toward water/SiO masers in Orion-KL are presented. We conducted high-resolution VLBI observations of water/SiO masers with VERA to probe the structure and the kinematics of the disk/outflow in Orion-KL. The VERA observations provide the positions and proper motions of masers features in Orion-KL with the highest accuracy ever observed. The results of water and SiO maser observations suggest that Source I is a massive YSO with an accretion disk and a collimated outflow.


The adaptive immune system, regulated by CD4 T cells, is essential for control of many viral infections. Endemic coronavirus infections generally occur as short-term upper respiratory tract infections which in many cases appear to be cleared before adaptive immunity is fully involved, since adaptive immunity takes approximately 1.5–2 weeks to ramp up the response to a primary infection, or approximately 1 week for a recurrent infection. However, the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection will be critical to full recovery with minimal long-lasting effects, and to either prevention of recurrence of infection or at least reduced severity of symptoms. The detailed kinetics of this infection versus the dynamics of the immune response, including in vaccinated individuals, will largely determine these outcomes.


Antimicrobial use is the most important modifiable factor contributing to resistance [1]. One key strategy against antimicrobial resistance that has the potential to improve patient outcomes is to optimise antimicrobial use. Understanding how antimicrobials are being used informs stewardship efforts in acute care, longterm care and outpatient settings [2]. In the acute care setting, stewardship programs encompass tracking and reporting aggregate antimicrobial use metrics, such as days of therapy or defined daily doses. Benchmarking use within and across facilities is helpful in identifying where action is needed. Antimicrobial use point prevalence surveys (PPS) complement the aggregate metrics by providing information on patient-level use, such as indication and site of infection during the specified time period [3,4]. This approach is able to reveal more targeted quality improvements and enables comparisons of antimicrobial use at the national, regional or local level. PPS may be particularly useful for resourcelimited hospitals and long-term care facilities (LTCF) with restricted capabilities for capturing use data on a continual basis [5,6]. Since PPS evaluate antimicrobial use during a single time period, they need to be repeated at regular intervals to monitor trends over time.


The invention provides a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) physiological signal amplifier adopting a T-type capacitance network feedback structure, comprising an inverting input coupling capacitor, a non-inverting input coupling capacitor, a feedback network, an operational amplifier, a balance network and an output capacitor CL, wherein an inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the inverting input coupling capacitor and a non-reverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the non-inverting input coupling capacitor; an input end of the feedback network is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and an output end of the feedback network is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier; theoutput capacitor CL is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier; and an input end of the balance network is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.


Achieving a high growth rate as well as a desirable level of income distribution is a goal that continues to be elusive in India. Thus, the maiden approach of the Tamil Nadu State Planning Commission to place importance on the `growth process', alongside the growth rate, is interesting and appropriate.


PURPOSE: A security system and method for preventing a piracy of digital contents are provided to facilitate using of digital contents without causing a time delay taken for authentication for every use while thoroughly maintaining a security for the digital contents by simply receiving a coded contents key from a server only when the digital contents is purchased or use environment is changed. CONSTITUTION: A user is connected to a server for a user registration(S10). The server generates a user key corresponding to the inputted information of the terminal and stores it(S20). When the user desires to purchase a digital contents, he/she operates the user terminal to be connected to the server, selects a digital contents desired to be purchased through a displayed Web page and pays a bill(S30). The server encodes a contents key, an encryption key of the digital contents, by taking a previously created user key as the encryption key by means of the first encoding unit(S40). The server transmits the encoded digital contents and the encoded contents key to the user terminal through an information communication network, which are received and stored by the user terminal(S50). The user terminal generates from the same information of the terminal as the information of the terminal inputted to the server, decodes the encoded contents key as received from the server into the user key by means of the first decoding unit, and decodes the encoded digital contents received from the server to a decoded contents key by means of the second decoding unit(S60).


The exploration-exploitation trade-off that arises when one considers simple point estimates of expected returns no longer appears when full distributions are considered. This work develops a simple gradient-based approach for mainting such distributions and investigates methods for using them to direct exploration.


When not detected visually, the iron damage can be identified by performing a "loop test" when the unit is scheduled for rewinding. However, in most of the cases the decision to restack the core is taken after the rotor is out, thus usually extending the duration of the outage. We, at Hydro-Quebec, are interested in finding a method enabling us to assess the state of the iron prior to removal of the rotor, and we want to report our efforts in this direction.


To overcome the effect of environment dynamic and obstacles,a localization method based on dynamic radio map and particle filter was proposed.The parameters of the environment and propagation model were dynamical monitored and calculated by the monitor nodes by means of regression method.A radio map was build based on the newest environment parameters and RSSI information received from the nearest monitor node.The particle filter algorithm together with the dynamic radio map was used to realize localization.Simulation and test results show that the localization method can adapt to the dynamic environment and achieve accurate estimation result.


According to the class question of "blood-quickening and Stasis-dispelling"in actual work,this article discusses R242 R243 classification arrangement of CLC and revision proposal is put forward.


1. Objectives This paper was written in order ro understand the conception on YangQi and YinQi in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Specially that were focused on the discourse of the symptoms and diseases. 2. Methods We analysis YangQi and YinQi in Gabobon(甲午本) and Sinchukbon(辛丑本) of Dongyi Suse Bowon 3. Results and Conclusions The symptomatic-pharmacology of Soeunin and Soyangin was base on the master of reserving life(保命之主). YangQi is ascending Qi and YinQi is descending Qi. that conception is Qi of the large and small organ. And that is appeared hot or cold Qi in body. The influential competition of YinYang is focused on primordial Qi(正氣) of small organ in Gabobon. And focused on small organ's the primordial Qi of the exterior disease and large that of the interior disease in Sinchukbon. YangQi is divided to physiological that and patholgical that at the discourse on the Soyangin's interior disease in the Sinchukbon. Because YinQi is in proportion to physiological YangQi and inverse proportion to pathological YangQi, physiological that is similar to weak and strong of YinQi that is the master of reserving life. So ascending Yang of Soyangin is more correct as ascending physiological that. YinQi is not divided to physiologica that and patholgical that at the discourse on the Soeumin's interior disease in the Sinchukbon like Soyangin's that. But there is more reasonable that divid physiological YinQi and patholgical that. So descending Yin of Soeumin is more correct as descending physiological that.


The application of GIS technologg in Slovenian landscape planning practice goes back to the beginning of the 70-ties when earlg types of GIS programs have been introduced to the countrg. They have been used within the environmental impact studies and land use planning projects and graduallg adapted to the particularities of Slovenian planning practice. The paper represents some types of data processing that have been applied in various planning projects. The type of data processing uiithin the GIS technology is defined by a model that should be based on generalized expert knowledge. There are several types of models for data processing within the landscape planning process: (1) representation models, (2) models for analysis or research models, (3) simulation models, (4) evaluation models, (5) models for synthesis, and (5) decision models.


Following the Uluru Statement from the Heart, historians are again tasked with 'telling the truth' about past human rights abuses in Australia. However, I argue that such a demand is too simplistic, and it is better to understand historians as producers of impermanent historical narratives which are embedded in public memory through the historian's discursive authority and the authority of a supporting truth commission.


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A 51-year-old woman presented with 2 months of fever, chills, diarrhea, dry cough, and progressive dyspnea on exertion. She had a cadaveric renal transplant for immunoglobulin M nephropathy 3 years ago requiring chronic immunosuppression with tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and


Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) has been clinically used as bone filler for decades. CSD bone graft is cheap, biocompatible and can be transformed to other osteoconductive ceramics such as hydroxyapatite and carbonate apatite. In addition, porous ceramic bone grafts is desired clinically. Development of porous ceramics bone graft with simple and cost-effective method is preferred. Thus, in this study, porous CSD was developed. Porous CSD can be used both as bone filler or precursor for porous hydroxyapatite and carbonate apatite. Porous CSD was prepared by mixing calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) containing sucrose granules with distilled water. After setting, the sucrose granules were removed by immersion in distilled water. Porous CSD was obtained after sucrose leaching. It was observed that more pore formed in the specimen with 50% sucrose granule compared with that of 25% sucrose granule. The sucrose was completely removed from the porous CSD evident from ATR-FTIR analysis. The diametral tensile strength of the porous CSD tend to decrease with the increase of sucrose granule. Finally, sucrose granule was feasible to be used as pore maker in preparation of porous CSD.


AFTER DECADES OF debate inside the educational community, literacy policy has recently moved to the larger stage of national politics. Prior to 1997 no federal bill had specifically addressed child literacy as an issue. But in the 2000 presidential campaign, George W. Bush regularly touted his record on literacy, and he and his wife Laura, a former librarian, speak of reading as "the new civil right." Legislators debate literacy philosophy and methodology--such as phonics versus whole language--and newspaper headlines track how U.S. kids read in comparison with the rest of the world. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2002, which federalizes literacy policy in important ways, is hotly debated in state legislatures, Congress, and federal courts. The transformation of literacy from an educational concern to a national political issue has been swift and significant. In a sense, literacy has traveled the same federalization road as educational policy generally, moving from local school boards and statehouses to our nation's capital in less than a decade. Two former governors, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, wrestled with literacy and education at the state level before packing up the problems and bringing them along to the White House. In fact, the road to federalizing literacy policy moves largely through Sacramento, California and Austin, Texas on its way to Washington, D.C. Playing out literacy on the national political stage reframes everything--the issues, the vocabulary, and the cast of characters. Literacy is not merely a problem now; it is a crisis. Improving literacy is not just an educational or social need; it is essential if the United States is to compete in the new global economy. Everyone seems ready to declare war on the enemy--illiteracy--but experts define and measure the problem differently and propose varied methods of attack. In fact, the several combatants in the war on illiteracy seem to expend as much ammunition firing on one another as they do in attacking the problem. The politicians in Washington, the scholars in their ivory towers, the vested interests in our communities, and the teachers and students in the trenches all seem to be warring among themselves at the same time they are trying to combat the common enemy. Much was written about literacy when it played on the academic stage as an educational issue. Now that political attention and governmental dollars are involved, it is time to assess literacy on the public policy stage. What can we learn by tracking the politics of literacy? Will greater political attention and government expenditure improve literacy? Can illiteracy be overcome in the twenty-first century? Literacy policy travels eastward ONE WAY TO TRACK the story of how literacy became a national political issue is to follow its path through two key states on its way to Washington, D.C. The story begins, as new political trends often do, in the Golden State, California. There, an ambitious politician, Superintendent of Education Bill Honig, joined forces with advocates of "whole language" instruction to revise the California reading curriculum. Changes in the educational approach of a major state such as California have a corresponding effect on national textbook publishing and on the policies of other states. In the late 1980s, Honig decided to launch a major reform of California education centered on reading. Some say he was simply doing his job as superintendent of education, but most believe Honig had a larger political agenda, including a possible run for governor of California. Under his leadership, the state initiated a program called Reading Recovery that had been developed by a New Zealand teacher, Mary Clay. Honig apparently wanted to recast reading instruction in a "great books" format, encouraging the development of reading skills in the context of exposing students to rich literature. Perhaps unwittingly, however, he tied his policies to an educational/political movement called "whole language. …


Nastic materials are high energy density active materials that mimic processes used in the plant kingdom to produce large deformations through the conversion of chemical energy. These materials utilize the controlled transport of charge and fluid across a selectively-permeable membrane to achieve bulk deformation in a process referred to in the plant kingdom as nastic movements. The nastic material being developed consists of synthetic membranes containing biological ion pumps, ion channels, and ion exchangers surrounding fluid-filled cavities embedded within a polymer matrix. In this paper the formulation of a biological transport model and its coupling with a hyperelastic finite element model of the polymer matrix is discussed. The transport model includes contributions from ion pumps, ion exchangers, and solvent flux. This work will form the basis for a feedback loop in material synthesis efforts. The goal of these studies is to determine the relative importance of the various parameters associated with both the polymer matrix and the biological transport components.


The micrometric devices are present in various industrial manufacturing processes (such as microfilters), medical tools (micro pumps for instance) and in measuring instruments. In order to describe the gas flows in microchannels involved in these systems, the DSMC methods are very well adapted but they are expensive in computation time [1, 2]. Consequently, it is of main interest to develop asymptotic models describing these flows. In this contribution, our purpose is to model the flow of a mixture of two compressible gases in microchannels. We are interested in flows at low Mach numbers and with low to moderate Knudsen numbers so that the flow is in the slip regime.


The growth of catalytic asymmetric C−H bond activation reactions as well as in a seemingly disparate domain like machine learning (ML) has been unprecedented. In due cognizance of the potential...


Let π be a set of primes. Recall that a group G is said to be a residually finite π-group if for every nonidentity element a of G there exists a homomorphism of the group G onto some finite π-group such that the image of the element a differs from 1. A group G will be said to be a virtually residually finite π-group if it contains a finite index subgroup which is a residually finite π-group. Recall that an element g in G is said to be π-radicable if g is an m-th power of an element of G for every positive π-number m. Let N be a nilpotent group and let all power subgroups in N are finitely separable. It is proved that N is a residually finite π-group if and only if N has no nonidentity π-radicable elements. Suppose now that π does not coincide with the set Π of all primes. Let π 0 be the complement of π in the set Π. And let T be a π 0 component of N i.e. T be a set of all elements of N whose orders are finite π 0 -numbers. We prove that the following three statements are equivalent: (1) the group N is a virtually residually finite π-group; (2) the subgroup T is finite and quotient group N/T is a residually finite π-group; (3) the subgroup T is finite and T coincides with the set of all π-radicable elements of N.


Stethoscope become standard equipment used medical personnel to perform initial checks on patients. Stethoscope in general has a function for auscultation, which is listening to the sounds that occur in the body. The sound produced by the biological activity of the body's organs, like the heart, lungs and digestive system. The heart is one organ that plays a role in the circulatory system. Contraction of the heart that can cause pulsation felt in the arteries in some places. Instrument used for the detection of clinically sound heart is an acoustic stethoscope. Acoustic stethoscope has a weakness, depending on the hearing of each physician. Diagnosis of each physician may vary. Sensitivity of the ear of each doctor is different. Noise signals generated in the electronic stethoscope will be analyzed using Wavelet. In this research, recognition of heart sounds using a stethoscope sound signal based on wavelet decomposition. Heart sound signal is decomposed up to level 8 using Daubechies 3 wavelet (db3). Energy of each subband is calculated spectogram. Analysis of cardiac auscultation signals with wavelet daubachies, system can calculate the value of heartrate with 78% for heart sound pattern of early and late systolic murmur, 63% Diastolic heart sound patterns Rumble and 85% for normal heart sound patterns.


We presented an infrared laser output at 2.07 μm with Tm,Ho,Ce:NaY(WO4)2 single crystal end-pumped by 795 nm laser diode at room temperature. The crystal was grown by the Czochralski method with the concentrations of 5 at.% Tm3+, 1 at.% Ho3+, and 30 at.% Ce3+. The highest output power was up to 0.2 W corresponding to the pumping power of 50 W and the threshold was about 40 W at 293 K. Especially, the introduction of Ce3+ brought about a novel phenomenon. End-pumping with the 795 nm LD, we surprisingly found the up-conversion was repressed heavily and the green emission disappeared thoroughly in Tm,Ho,Ce:NaY(WO4)2 crystal, which was particularly different from the crystal Tm,Ho:NaY(WO4)2, where the green emission was obvious and weakened the sensitized transition energy.


The purpose of this study is to explore, describe and analyze the views of music teachers and their work with group dynamics in student ensembles in various musical genres. The applied method in this study is qualitative interviews according to phenomenological methodology and analysis. The theoretical perspectives are taken from Lewin, Forsyth and Blumer, and are used to define the perspectives of the informants regarding ensembles and how they affect each other regarding group dynamics. The result appertains to how the informants define the groups they are leading, and thus what they consider creates a group. It is also about the energy contained in a group, how the informants are capturing the group at a particular moment and why they believe this is important and how the make-up of a group affects the group dynamics and the learning situation. The summary of the analysis by Lewin's formula states that the energy of the groups have a prominent role for the informants, such as how some/someone's energy affects another/another's energy. The emotional state of teachers and students make an impact in different ways and are also affected in various ways, and that it is impossible to predict how a group lesson will be. The analysis by Lewin's formula related to the result also indicates that the ensemble depends on the composition of students. Which students who came that day, and in which mental state they are. The teacher's duty is to handle the situation at hand, and be prepared for the unexpected.


The present study is an extension of the promising work performed by Jimenez et al. (2014). They developed an organic matter characterization methodology based on 3D fluorescence spectroscopy and chemical extractions. The objective was to predict both biodegradability and bioaccessibility to characterize the anaerobic digestion model input variables but only focused on municipal sludge. In this study, the protocol was extended to a larger spectrum of organic wastes and modified to better account for this diversity of organic residues. Accordingly, the ADM1 dynamic model has been modified with new input variables coming from this new methodology.


Features of the development of man in modern society generates professional problems for the specialists in the sphere helping professions to provide psychological safety of the person through the formation of certain skills, in particular, of managing own emotional condition for creating a favorable emotional atmosphere in the communication process.


A continuous operation experimental platform was built with some advanced and accurate measurements, like SEM, Xps etc., to learn about basic characteristics in the ACF desulfurization and denitrification processes. And the different performance induced by important factors affecting the processes, SO2 and NO could both be absorbed and then removed by ACF, but the chemical mechanisms were different: SO2 was oxidated but NO was deoxidized. Different surface functional groups and potential energy between ACF surface and adsorbate led to different chemical reactions. Reaction temperature, flue gas velocity and water concentration affected the absorption step thus affected the removal efficiency.


The present invention is a produce to be, more particularly, to a plurality of page images by sequentially scanning the at least two media to a desired resolution of the scanned image processing method and apparatus, and reduction of the generated page images, and reduced page by arranging the images in the integration area page relates to an image scanning method and apparatus for generating one integrated image page. To this end, the present invention is (a) step of the user and set the scanning conditions; (B) comprising: when the multi-scanning request input, dividing the integrated area on the page from the user; (C) by scanning the sheet to be fed in a predetermined manner in order to produce the page image and stored; And (d) generating and storing the stored page image of a predetermined page image reduction by reduction in the ratio of; And (e) to read out the stored stop by a reduced page image and arranged in a predetermined arrangement order of the is characterized in that it comprises the step of generating a single, integrated image page. This has the advantage that you can manage files more effectively.


In order to transfer, handle and use living modified organisms (LMO) safely to protect human health and biological diversity, the parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity negotiated for five years, and finalized the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety through arduous effort in early 2000, which became the first international law on LMO. The protocol reaffirmed the precautionary principle, that permits contracting parties to prohibit or limit the entry of LMO, and the shipments containing LMO are to be clearly labeled. This paper predicted the influence on international trades of transgenic agricultural products and modern biotechnology. Some proposals for China to deal with were raised accordingly.


COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. It can cause everything from common colds to deadly respiratory syndromes.


There are various existing techniques for cryptography and watermarking. The multimedia data security can be achieved by means of encryption and decryption i.e. cryptography. While watermarking is employed for hiding multimedia data using images. The proposed work focuses on the new method combining these strategies for producing effective solution to improve security of secrete multimedia data. In the proposed dissertation work the images will be used as multimedia data. The proposed method involves the encryption of data to be hid. The cover image is then used as the media for hiding encrypted data. The encrypted data combined with cover image is treated as embedded image. The embedded image then compressed using wavelet transforms compression.


ICA is an efficient signal processing method which arose in recent years,an important problem learning in adaptive ICA is opting learning step.According to variable step thinking,this paper defined similarity measure which described the state of signal separation,to measure the level of similarity between output components,and thus developed an improved adaptive line algorithm.Adjusting the learning step on the basis of traditions of degree of signal separation which was reflected by dependent measure,and established the nonlinear relation between learning step and similarity measure variation,and overcame the disadvantages of traditional algorithms in the channel variation circumstances in the process of adaptive step.Performance analysis and simulation results show that separative signal has better performance in convergence and steady.


--Linear adaptive equalizers are widely used in wireless communication systems in order to reduce the effects of the channel distortion. In this paper 16-QAM modulations with LMS and RLS linear adaptive equalizers are compared in the frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel.


LECTURE L.-PART II. SHOCK VALUES AND SHOCK INDEX. CLINICAL experience has taught that the shock value attaching to the operation for hernia is infinitely less than that arising from surgical interference with bone. A comparison of the charts taken from the formier (Charts 21 to 24) and the latter (Charts 27 and 28) shows quite a different type of curve. In the former a step-ladder rise was remarked; but in the bony operations the mean blood pressure was not so markedly raised, but was characterized by enormous rises followed by equally marked falls. Clearly the actual height to which the pressure rises is not the main factor in controlling the onset of pressor fatigue; although it is, to a certain extent, an indication of the violence of the stimulus, which is one of the factors influencing pressor fatigue. The other main factors influencing the onset of pressor fatigue are: The nature of the stimulus, and the area involved. Clinically these facts are generally accepted. Experimentally-if Chart 27, which necessitated free exposure and prolonged manipulation, be compared with a chart representing a simple osteotomy with an osteqtome and mallet, the difference is striking. Here the same region is attacked, but the difference in the type of curve obtainecl is attributable to the degree of stimulus to the area of operation, and to the duration. Thus, all our observations show that wide and forcible retraction of wounds, crushing, tearing, and traction, without exception induce a more marked rise in blood pressure than clean incision; for the former manipulations stimulate a larger number of nerves, and raise the pressure in proportion to the aggregate number of pressor fibres stimulated. These factors, relating to the exciting cause, have a prominent bearing on pressor fatigue. But, even when they are all more or less constant, experience teaches us that one of the most important factors in the production of shock is the region of the body which is attacked. Thus to each organ, structure, tissue, or operation may be assigned its own shoc7k value. Now, in the first group of charts the stimulus of the operation induced a step-ladder rise, consequent on the summation of stimuli in a region where pressor fibres are markedly in excess of the depressor. If an equal stimulus be applied to a region where depressor fibres are in excess, thb stimulus may be sufficient to induce a rise of blood pressure from the stimulation of such pressor fibres as are present; but this rise of pressure will clearly not be maintained in sufficient degree to cause the characteristic step-ladder rise. Accordingly, we should expect more evanescent rises in blood pressure, followed by rapid falls in the intervals between successive stimulus, in contrast to the gradual fall observed on a 'cessation of the stimulus in the former. Now, if we regard a surgical operation as a series of rapidly alternating periods of stimulation and quiescence, it is reasonable to expect tllat: (1) In operation in regions where depreas9r elements are in -excess, charts of the blood pressure will show large rises and correspondingly marked falls-that is, spikes in the general -I curve-corresponding to thesteps of the operation; (2) in interference in regions where pressor elements are pre-dominant, the after-stimuli between the steps of the operation will be sufficient to maintain the ascending or step-ladder character of the curve. The operations on bone which we have demonstrated are types of regions where depressor elements are in excess. Consequently, we may conclude tllat in any particular region the shock value varies directly with the relation of pressor to depressor fibres in the nerve supply. The physiological needs of different organs naturally require varying dispositions of pressor and depressor fibres in their nerve supply, to provide for local vaso-constriction or dilatation under different conditions. For example, stimulation of an afferent nerve induces a rise in the general arterial blood pressure, but a local vaso-dilatation in the organ supplied by that segment, Lowen's reflex. Now, operations on the tibia induce a smaller degree of shock than similar operations on the femur. The respective vasomotor demands of these bones deserve a moment's consideration. The tibia is an exposed bone, and less protected from injury by direct violeniee than the femur; consequently we should expect Nature to provide a more adequate mechanism for the defence of the organism against the results of trauma, in the case of an exposed bone like the tibia, than in a bone like the femur, which is well protected by its ensheathing muscles. Ono of tlle greatest demands made by a damaged bone is the means of stopping haemorrbage, and this is effected by vasoconstriction. Accordingly it is to be expected that pressor influences would predominate in the case of the tibia on account of its exposure to injury. Again, the mechanism of the early defence Gf a structuLre against infection by micro-organisms consists in vaso-dilatation, in order that a greater supply of blood may be brought to the infected area. Such a mechanism involves the predomiiinance of depressor, or active vaso-dilator, fibres in the nerve siipply. Acute osteo-myelitis of the femur is of rarer occurrence than similar infections in the tibia. Hence it is reasonable to infer that the predomiinance of depressor influences renders the femnur, which is anatomically protected against injury, less liable to acute infection by micro-organisms; while in the case of the tibia, the predominance of pressor, or vaso-constrictor, fibres (provided against its liability to direct trauma) renders this bone less immune against infection. These considerations are borne out by clinical experience, and support the contention that thle sho2k value of a structure varies directly with tho, proportionate number of depressor fibres in its nerve supply, and that the higher the shock value the greater the degree of resistance to infective lesions. Accordingly we suggest that tlle following law, the law of inverse immunity, will be found to be supported (iwith reservations) by tlle whole of our research, and it may be stated as follows: That those parts which are physiologically the most active, contain the largest proportion of depressor fibres in their nerve supply, are most immune from bacterial infection, and show the highest shock value; such structures are deep seated, and anatomically protected against injury. The converse is equally true.


The marks,microstructure,macro and micro fracture surface appearance of the 11th order fan rotor blades was analyzed.The results show that the fracture mode of blade is vibration fatigue and the main cause of initiation of fatigue crack is the mismatch between rabbet and tongue-and-groove.


Despite the rapidly expanding armamentarium of analgesic drugs and techniques for the management of perioperative pain, effective prevention of acute postsurgical pain still poses unique challenges for practitioners 1. An increasing number of complex operations are being performed on an outpatient basis for which the use of conventional opioid-based IV patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and central neuraxial (spinal and epidural) analgesia are impractical techniques for pain management. This expanding patient population requires a perioperative analgesic regimen that is highly effective, has minimal side effects, is intrinsically safe, and can be easily managed away from the hospital or surgical center (Fig. 1) 2.


ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS AND FOOD PROTEININDUCED ENTEROCOLITIS SYNDROME IN CHILDREN by Ashley Gerken Background: The prevalence of food allergy in the pediatric population is increasing. Classic IgE-mediated allergies have been well studied. However, less is known about non-IgE-mediated allergies. Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), a mixed IgE and non-IgEmediated allergy, and Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES), a non-IgEmediated allergy, have similar symptoms but different ages of presentation (any age vs. <1 year of age; respectively). The purpose of this study is to determine the odds of developing EoE in children previously diagnosed with FPIES or who exhibited symptoms characteristic of FPIES. Methods: Analysis of retrospectively reviewed medical record data included demographic, clinical, and nutrition characteristics as well as history of gastrointestinal symptoms, diagnosis of EoE, and diagnosis or symptoms of FPIES (history of vomiting) in a large cohort of children receiving care at an urban pediatric gastroenterology clinic. Nutrition characteristics included infant feeding regimen (breast fed vs. formula fed) and age of complementary food introduction. The population sample was provided by the GI Care for Kids Clinical Dietitian. Medical records were reviewed for all patients diagnosed with FPIES between March 1, 2016 and May 30, 2018 and an equivalent number of patients diagnosed with EoE in the same time frame. Results: The majority of the population (N=148) was male (57.4%) and Caucasian (97.7%). The odds of developing EoE (mean age 9.3 + 5.4 years) by prior diagnosis of FPIES (median age 0.83 [Interquartile range; 0.6, 1.2]) or symptoms of FPIES was 0 and 0.25 (95% Confidence Interval; 0.109, -0.575), respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, previous history of food allergy and intolerance, and history of vomiting explain 23% to 31% of the variation in EoE diagnosis. Conclusions: A history of symptoms characteristic of FPIES reported in the first year of life were observed to be protective for the development of EoE during childhood. The treatment for FPIES or its symptoms includes the elimination of common food allergens. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the effect of early infant diet on the future development of EoE. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS AND FOOD PROTEININDUCED ENTEROCOLITIS SYNDROME IN CHILDREN by Ashley Gerken A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Health Sciences The Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions Department of Nutrition Georgia State University Atlanta, Georgia 2018


When neutropenia due to exhaustion of the marrow neutrophil reserve, develops in a neonate with bacterial sepsis the likelihood of survival is very small. We report such a case who was treated with a double‐ volume exchange transfusion using fresh unstored whole blood. We were able to determine a net gain of 5 × 10(8) neutrophils per kg. Then, in neutropenic neonatal animals, neutrophil transfusion by double‐volume exchange transfusion with unstored blood was investigated.


In this essay, I reflect on the process of learning a new online system and on Fastcase, the system I tried out. Fastcase is a legal information service that uses innovative graphic displays to help users assess their search results. The published version of this essay includes two screenshots in gray scale. The PDF posted here adds them in color, plus a third screenshot that was omitted in print.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the free-radical scavenging activity against DPPH stable radical and protective properties of the natural products SQGD and P. corylifolia and synthetic nitroxyl- free radical containing nitrosoureas SLENU and SLCNUgly against in vivo oxidative toxicity of antitumor drug CCNU. It was found statistically significant increase in the DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of both extracts with increase of radiation. The natural antioxidants were localised mainly in the organs and blood after EPR biodistribution study. All combinations of natural extracts/ synthetics agents exhibited considerably lower levels of Asc. radicals as compared to controls. It should be mentioned that the natural antioxidants possess higher oxidative protection in comparison with the synthetic antioxidants. Considerable decrease in ROS production in livers of mice was found after treatment with SQGD, P. corylifolia and SLENU, alone, compared to controls.In conclusion, because of well-expressed antioxidant activities of natural and synthetic antioxidants they might be used in the combination anticancer chemotherapy for reducing toxicity caused by anticancer drugs and/or low levels radiation therapy.


1. Introduction Cultural context: Vienna at the crossroads 2. The order of ornament in nineteenth-century theories of style John Ruskin and the representation of divine order Owen Jones and natural structure Gottfried Semper and evidence of function Alois Riegl and the psychological disposition 3. Ornament of language The language of architecture Ornament as emblem The formal sign Symbolizing the creative process The perceptual signifier 4. Visual evidence The emblematic Structural signs Functional symbols Perceptual stimuli Palais stoclet as Gesamtkunstwerk 5. Conclusion Consequences The subsequent impact.


Network coding is an efficient technique to improve the throughput of wireless network. It is observed that there exists short period unfairness when nodes are competing for the wireless channels, which will decrease the opportunity of inter-session network coding in WMN(Wireless Mesh Network). A coding-aware cross-layer optimization mechanism is proposed in this paper. In the proposed mechanism, the priorities of coding flows were calculated in relay nodes according to the packet number of these flows in the forward queue, and the values of the priorities were sent to the corresponding upstream nodes to adjust their MAC parameters. Experiments and simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can balance the traffic of coding flows in the relay nodes in a short period and create more coding opportunities. As a result, it will improve the total throughput of wireless mesh network.


In this paper I argue that progress in describing, understanding and supporting complex, real-world design may be aided by the adoption of a small set of constrained benchmark tasks that capture the essence of generic, unsolved prototypical problem types that recur in real design problems in a variety of domains. There is, of course, a danger that the study of such problems may become divorced from the real world contexts that they are meant to inform. To avoid this, I suggest some methods to insure an ongoing dialectic between efforts to improve performance in these prototype tasks and the study of and participation in fully contextualized real-world design activities.


The present report presents the results of a series of soundwalks carried out in the city of Gothenburg as part of the "Framtidsveckan 2015" activities. The study was developed inside the EC project SONORUS Urban Sound Planning in collaboration with the Environmental Office of the city of Gothenburg. The goal is to analyse the sound environment at different locations from the citizens' point of view through a series of questions while at the same time, sound recordings and acoustical indicator data is obtained. Thereby, the citizens' will have the opportunity to contribute to the present and future urban development, including urban sound planning, in the planning agenda. Moreover, the intention is to increase awareness among citizens in terms of noise exposure and sound quality, in addition to make them part of the study of their city. The soundwalks took place in October 2015.


In a large-scale power electronic system such as a wind farm, the mutual interactions between the power converter controllers and passive components may lead to instability problems or undesired dynamic response. This paper presents an optimum parameter design procedure for the power converter controllers in a power electronic system in order to guarantee a stable operation and to guarantee an acceptable dynamic response. In the approach, first, all oscillatory modes are calculated by a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transfer function matrix of the power system; then, a multi-objective optimization procedure based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is presented to place the modes in the desired locations in order to increase the stability margin and to improve the dynamic response. Time-domain simulations of a 400-MW wind farm in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment confirms the effectiveness of the presented design approach.


The theoretical foundation of "Dispelling Reasonable Doubt" is empiricism.According to its epistemology and methodology,it is impossible to reach the absolute determination and we could only draw a probable conclusion,thus "Dispelling Reasonable Doubt" is the highest standard in the understanding scope we could achieve.Reconsidering the standard of criminal proof,"The facts of the cases are clear and the evidences are authentic and ample" in our country,we could see that the standard ignores the "progressiveness" of judicial officials' understandings toward the cases and the their subjective judgments on the cases.The standard criminal of proof in China fails to bring the "possibility" in epistemology into the research.


Using a 1.89‐Tesla spectrometer, 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were acquired from the brains of paralyzed rabbits ventilated with 30% oxygen in nitrous oxide. Intracellular pH and changes in lactate concentration in the cerebrum were monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance methods during and after bicuculline‐induced seizures, together with the electroencephalogram, heart rate, and arterial blood pressure. During seizures lasting more than an hour, cerebral intracellular pH became acidic, the cerebral lactate level rose rapidly, and both changes persisted as long as 2 hours without signs of recovery. After less prolonged seizures, lactate elevations were no less persistent, despite nearly complete recovery of intracellular pH and the electroencephalogram.


In order to improve the stamping production efficiency,a second procedure outside the stamping die could be put into the progressive die.With a terminal assembly product with two parts as an example,two mutual vertical strip layouts were designed in a multi-position progressive die,and the two layouts were synchronously feeded by two mutual vertical precision feeders on a press machine.Under the control of PLC,the continuous working process of automatic riveting one part with assembly convex onto the other part with assembly hole was stated,and the layout design and the die structure were introduced in detail.


Purpose- China's economy has greatly developed in the last few decades, catapulting the nation to the second-biggest economy in the world. Financial growth took off over the last couple of decades because of the nation's expansion into the world economy and support for monetary policy. The purpose of this study is to analyse commercial bank-level data to examine a credit channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in emerging economies, such as China, from BRICS countries. Among the important questions that central banks, economists, and policymakers have raised in this area are: Does the impact of bank characteristics and macroeconomic variables affect the amount of loans in China? Do interacting bank characteristics and macroeconomic elements affect the amount of a loan in China?
Methodology- Data analysis is achieved using static panel data with a random-effect model. 216 commercial banks in China were used as a sample, and the study was conducted from 2009 to 2018. The statistical software Stata is utilised for data analysis.
Findings- According to findings from China's statistics, the capital ratio, GDP, inflation, and ROA interactions have a statistically significant but negative impact on the loan amount. The hypothesis is that capital ratio, total assets, and return on assets have a statistically significant and positive effect on the amount of the loan. The robust standard error coefficient showing a probable causal relationship between the variables was positive. Also,the results demonstrate that macroeconomic factors like interest rates, GDP, and inflation have a statistically insignificant positive impact on loan amounts. Hence, this study found enough evidence to accept the hypothesis that the loan amount had an insignificant effect.
Conclusion- The authors contribute to the existing literature by identifying the key determinants of monetary policy transmission channels through credit in China and, furthermore, through a country-level data analysis and disaggregation at the commercial bank level, as well as economic conditions.
Keywords: Panel Data, Banks, Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism, Credit Channel, China economy.
JEL Codes: C23; E51; E52


This paper reports results from numerical simulations of the gravitational radiation emitted from non--rotating compact objects(both neutron stars and Schwarzschild black holes) as a result of the accretion of matter. A hybrid procedure is adopted: we evolve, in axisymmetry, the linearized equations describing metric and fluid perturbations, coupled with a nonlinear hydrodynamics code that calculates the motion of the accreting matter. The initial matter distribution is shaped in the form of extended quadrupolar shells of dust or perfect fluid. Self--gravity and radiation reaction effects of the accreting fluid are neglected. This idealized setup is used to understand the qualitative features appearing in the energy spectrum of the gravitational wave emission from compact stars or black holes, subject to accretion processes involving extended objects. A comparison for the case of point--like particles falling radially onto black holes is also provided. Our results show that, when the central object is a black hole, the spectrum is far from having only one clear, monochromatic peak at the frequency of the fundamental quasi-normal mode, but it shows a complex pattern, with interference fringes produced by the interaction between the infalling matter and the underlying perturbed spacetime: most of the energy is emitted at frequencies lower than that of the fundamental mode of the black hole. Similar results are obtained for extended shells accreting onto neutron stars, but in this case the stellar fundamental mode is clearly excited. Our analysis shows that the gravitational wave signal driven by accretion is influenced more by the details and dynamics of the process, than by the quasi--normal mode structure of the central object.


In the study, the performance analysis of error correction structures has been investigated for the DH-PIM method which is proposed for optical communication systems. A suitable system model for erasure and false alarm errors are obtained to join the Visible Light Communication (VLC) Systems. A theoretical framework is given for the model in this paper. New digital circuit based architecture is improved for erasure error structure in a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) complier Quartus. The results are investigated in the Modelsim-Altera simulator in terms of the time chart. According to obtained results, it is shown that proposed digital circuit based architecture can successfully correct the error slots. Additionally, the performance of slot error rate has been analyzed for both erasure and false alarm errors of which the theoretical frameworks are obtained. It is shown from results that erasure error correction system (S-DHPIM) has better slot error rate performance than that of traditional DH-PIM (G-DHPIM). Addition to this, it is indicated that DH-PIM with erasure and false alarm correction structure (SY-DHPIM) gives better slot error performance compared with the S-DHPIM.


The theory of diffraction dissociation and stripping is extended to nuclei with small binding energy with respect to breakup into two clusters. The cross sections calculated in the present formalism are compared with the experimental data obtained in the reactions of fragmentation of deuterons and /sup 3/He and /sup 6/Li ions in a wide range of incident-particle energies and nuclear mass numbers.


Two techniques have been developed for the measurement of the infrared absorption of glasses at room temperature and of their melts up to 1000°C. In a vertical film apparatus, dehydration and the control of sample thickness may be carried out simultaneously. At high temperatures, the breakage of the film through flow is circumvented by a horizontal film arrangement. By the formation of suitable thin films in situ, rapid absorption of water is prevented. These methods are thus particularly suitable for highly hygroscopic materials where the conventional KBr disk technique is unsatisfactory. The advantages of the two techniques are demonstrated by measurements carried out on glassy and liquid B2O3 up to 1000°C.


In order to satisfy the production demand of concentrated nitric acid,the structure characteristics and improved key technology of a 3D XS7.5/5.2 high pressure plunger pump were analyzed,a structure retrofit was made for extending its capability,and the improved structure and application result were presented.


Because of the high angle of attack and rapid roll movement of bank-to-turn missile,the nonlinear kinematic coupling among the channels can not be ignored and brings new difficulties for the autopilot design. To solve this problem,a design method of decentralized fuzzy guaranteed cost tracking controller with pole placement constraint was proposed in this paper for bank-to-turn( BTT) missile. Initially,and the BTT missile model can be viewed as a nonlinear large-scale interconnected system,where the kinematic coupling among the channels was also considered. Then,based on the decentralized Takai-Sugeno( T-S) fuzzy model for the BTT missile,a decentralized fuzzy controller was developed not only to ensure the stability of the whole nonlinear interconnected system and guarantee that all the closed-loop poles reside within a given region of the complex plane,but also to provide an upper bound of the cost function. Furthermore,the problem of the controller design was formulated as an optimization problem of a set of linear matrix inequalities( LMIs). Finally,the simulation results show that the impact of the coupling among the channels can be overcome,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed controller design method.


Behavioural studies of fish towards the slope are conducted in relation to a set-net. Ten individuals of crucian carp Carassrus auratus are tested in an experimentai tank which consists of a flat and a sloped area in Experiment I and the sides of a trap box attached to the slope in Ex-perimentII.In equal conditions of illumination in Exp. I, the distribution of fish tends to be increased in the flat area, which indicates that fish keep away from the ascending sloped area of the larger gradient. The repellent effect is typically observed in the case of gradient over 14 degrees. When the tank is partly shaded with black roofing board, fish are attracted into the darkened area. In the experimental combinations of sloped gradient and lower light intensity the repellant reactions towards the sloped area is diminished in the smaller gradient under 14 degrees. These reactions are attributed to the relative differences of light intensity between the slope and flat areas in the tank and also to the degrees of sloped gradients.In Exp. II three divided areas, i.e., flat, slope and trap, are also examined in numbers of fish distribution in combination of lighting canditions. Numbers of fish tend to increase in the dazkened trap, while it varies with complex reactions of fish in the case of darkened slope and lighted trap.


According to studies conducted by business organizations and employer associations as it relates to U.S. college graduates (SHRM 2007), college graduates are ill prepared for the business environment, in part due to their lack of expertise with technology. Indeed, the popular press indicates that our students fall behind in STEM areas – science, technology/ engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Rather than the United States leading the world in innovation in these fields, we are falling far behind as a country and losing our competitive advantage. Among the solutions offered to combat this erosion in competitive position and respect within the world economic community is integration of both critical thinking skill building and technology into the core curricula. This reported study describes an attempt to utilize existing technology at a small, Master's I level university to engage students in critical thinking skill building during an on-line business course with a Blackboard® instructional platform. Less than 50% of the students in a distance-learning HR business course actively and consistently embraced and engaged in using the required technology.


III-N photonic devices have made great advances in recent years following the demonstration of doping of GaN p-type with Mg and n-type with Si. However, the deep ionization energy level of Mg in GaN ({approximately} 160 meV) limits the ionized of acceptors at room temperature to less than 1.0% of the substitutional Mg. With this in mind, the authors used ion implantation to characterize the ionization level of Ca in GaN since Ca had been suggested by Strite to be a shallow acceptor in GaN. Ca-implanted GaN converted from n-to-p type after a 1,100 C activation anneal. Variable temperature Hall measurements give an ionization level at 169 meV. Although this level is equivalent to that of Mg, Ca-implantation may have advantages (shallower projected range and less straggle for a given energy) than Mg for electronic devices. In particular, the authors report the first GaN device using ion implantation doping. This is a GaN junction field effect transistor (JFET) which employed Ca-implantation. A 1.7 {micro}m JFET had a transconductance of 7 mS/mm, a saturation current at 0 V gate bias of 33 mA/mm, a f{sub t} of 2.7 GHz, and a f{sub max} of 9.4 GHz. O-implantation was also studied and shown to create a shallow donor level ({approximately} 25 meV) that is similar to Si. SIMS profiles of as-implanted and annealed samples showed no measurable redistribution of either Ca or O in GaN at 1,125 C.


The bullwhip effect is one of the main reasons for inefficiencies in supply chain system.This paper addresses behavioral causes of the bullwhip effect for a multi-echelon supply chain system.Two more evaluation indexes are introduced to quantify human behavioral preference on bullwhip effect.They are named respectively as relative average surplus inventory level to represent decision-maker's attitude for holding cost of products,and relative average shortage inventory level to represent decision-maker's attitude or shortage penalty cost of products.the multi-echelon supply chain system is modeled and implemented on multi-agent simulation platform.Several typical scenarios are designed and run on the simulation platform,in which human behavioral influences decision-making are studied.The simulation results verify that decision-maker's behavior is a very important cause of bullwhip effect,even worsens the performance of the supply chain system.


Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a well known device for effectively regulating the active and reactive power flow in a power system. In this paper, the UPFC linearized power flow equations are incorporated into Newton-Raphson algorithm in a MATLAB written program to determine the optimal location of UPFC using Genetic Algorithm, considering control of active and reactive power flow, and the transient stability of a five bus IEEE test systems. A comparison of the results obtained for the base case without UPFC and with it, is made to investigate the effectiveness of the device.


For most of human history there have been extensive exchanges of medical information all over Eurasia. Some diseases were considered to be geographically determined, and hence had to be cured using local knowledge. Other ailments were found in many places, but cures could differ according to location. Most healers, whether book based or experiential, took a non-judgemental approach to different healing methods, as seen especially in India in the early colonial period.


A major policy shift is needed to curb the obesity epidemic, particularly among low income groups. In April 2016 the UN General Assembly has declared 2016–2025 the Decade of Action on Nutrition. Government and international organizations are asked to make SMART commitments to implement the 60 recommendations of the Framework for Action endorsed by the 2nd International Conference on Nutrition. Policy and financial commitments will address the food system, the food environment, the health system, social protection, education, trade and the environment. This is a global effort that involves all countries, as the double burden of undernutrition and overweight has now reached also low income countries. WHO and FAO call for the establishment of coalitions of countries to facilitate the implementation of policies such as procurements of healthy foods in public institutions, interpretive labelling of food products, taxation of sugar sweetened beverages and control of marketing foods and beverages to children.


Aim: To evaluate the effect of dimethyl fumarate, an Nrf2 inducer, on the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the liver of rats under the conditions of modeling the metabolic syndrome with roundthe-clock illumination. Dimethyl fumarate in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide solution in a dose of 15 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally to white rats over the modeled metabolic syndrome (a 20% aqueous fructose solution for drinking and a diet enriched with carbohydrates and lipids). In the liver homogenate of rats, the rate of generation of the superoxide anion radical (•О 2 ), the activity of total NO synthase (NOS), its constitutive and inducible isoforms (cNOS, iNOS), and the content of peroxynitrites of alkali and alkaline earth metals were determined. The administration of dimethyl fumarate under the experimental conditions significantly restrained the •О 2 production by microsomes and NOS in the liver tissues by 48.9%, by mitochondria by 47.3%, by leukocyte NADPH oxidase by 45.6%; it also reduced NOS activity (total and iNOS) by 33.1% and 35.9%, respectively, and the concentration of peroxynitrites by 39.7% compared with the values of the control group that received only the solvent (10% dimethyl sulfoxide solution). The cNOS activity and coupling index exceeded the control result in 2.95 and 5.5 times, respectively. The introduction of the Nrf2 inductor, dimethyl fumarate, during the simulation of the metabolic syndrome by round-the-clock lighting to rats is an effective means of limiting the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the liver tissues.


: A phenome occurs through the many pathways of the complex net of interaction between the phenome and its environment; therefore researching and understanding how it arises requires investigation into many possible causes that are in constant interaction with each other. The most comprehensive investigations in biology are the ones in which many biologists from different sub-areas— evolutionary biology, developmental biology, molecular biology, physiology, genetics, epigenetics, ecology—have collaborated. Still, biologists do not always need to collaborate or look for the most comprehensive explanations. A more standard investigation in biology occurs within a single subarea, and uses well-defined experiments with very specific conditions. This paper is about causation and related explanation in plant phenome research and its relevance to Aristotle's Theory of Four Causes. I argue that there are causes which resemble Aristotle's formal, material, and efficient causes in phenotype explanation and occurrence; but causes which resemble Aristotle's final causes occur in phenotype explanation only, not in the occurrence.


Earlier studies have suggested that the condition of the grain surfaces plays a very delicate role in creating the peculiar acoustic emissions from so-called musical sands. Indeed, Fourier Transform Infrared spectra of these sands reveal a broad absorption band at 3400 cm -1 , ranging from 3700 cm -1 to 2800 cm -1 , due to clusters of water in an amorphous silica layer on the surface of the sand grains. This leads to the hypotheses that this silica gel type layer on the surface of these materials may be part of the mechanism for sound generation and that commercially available silica gel should also be musical. In fact, recent studies have shown that sharp shaking of silica gel emits loud sounds similar to those of natural musical sands and that its IR spectrum also shows the characteristic 3400 cm -1 band. Results derived from the beat-like signals typical of natural musical sand emissions have shown that time parameters of these signals are related to particle size and sample size. Recent results obtained from similar acoustic signals emitted by silica gel also show these same relationships. This suggests that acoustic emission from ordinary silica gel may be very helpful in understanding the musical phenomenon and in identifying its mechanism for generation. These studies should also provide more insight in the poorly investigated field of granular flow and lead to many diverse applications.


Accredited in the region and accredited in the factory are two schemes discussed frequently in the reform of accreditation modes of military representatives.Each of them is applicable to different situation.The factors influencing accreditation modes are analyzed in this paper.The evaluation index system is designed and the index weight is made.An example demonstrates the better applicability of the index system and the index weight.


Attracting foreign direct investments is one of the main ways to promote the development of national economy, and these are important from the point of view of increasing competitiveness and faster, quality economic growth. Foreign direct investments can increase insufficient internal savings, ensure the placement of globally effective factories, access to foreign technologies, improve management, facilitate access to foreign markets through foreign partner distribution networks, and improve goods quality and design. The foreign direct investment issue is important in Latvia due to many factors, such as the state of economy and small production opportunities. The decrease in foreign direct investments in Latvia can be explained not only by the negative trends in the world economy but also by the inability of Latvia, for years, to solve legal, healthcare, education, tax system, and other problems. In this work the author shall assess the role of foreign direct investments in the economy of Latvia, which are the biggest investors, how to attract new investors, and the dynamics of foreign direct investments in the last 8 years.


What-if analysis focuses on analysis on hypothetical scenarios based on historical data. Therefore, it can provide more meaningful information than classical OLAP (on-line analysis processing) for the users of decision support system. As big data OLAP systems are always based on the computation model of MapReduce, of which the advantage is to handle large data sets in batch-processing mode, however it is not suitable for real-time response requirements. It is a most key step to merge delta-table in the process of what-if. However, classical delta-table merge algorithms are seriously restricted in time and space. Multi-Scenario hypothesis, which is upon historical data in big data analytical processing, needs efficient what-if data view support. Therefore, two novel algorithms based on Bloom filter and distributed cache, which can significantly improve the performance of delta table merging algorithm, are proposed in this paper. Finally, compared with Hive on standard SSB data set, our algorithm, which is based on Bloom filter, is demonstrated to be 30% faster. In the case of smaller delta table, even more improvements can be achieved by the algorithm based on distributed cache.


New halogen-free, flame-retardant ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM)/organically modified magnesium hydroxide (MH) composites have been prepared via melt compounding method, using maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (MAH-g-EVA) as a compatibilizer. Influence of MAH-g-EVA on the fire and thermal properties of the composites are investigated by means of LOI, UL94 vertical burning, cone calorimeter tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), real time fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (RTFTIR) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The results show that MAH-g-EVA plays a positive role in improving the flame retardancy and thermal stability of the composites.


e19259Background: Soft Tissue Sarcomas (STS) are a group of neoplasm with huge histological diversity and biological behaviors. They have a low prevalence and lack of data, especially in Colombia w...


Purpose
This paper is concerned with the concept of reflexive agency through the biography and memoirs of Georg Mayer, a Jewish businessman who immigrated to Turkey before 1945 and lived there for almost 40 years. This paper aims to explore reflexive agency using the concepts of structural conditions (socioeconomic background), contextual stimuli (activation of reflexivity) and individual perspectives at different points in life (main concerns, reflection on the past, projects and decision-making).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is developed using qualitative research methods, analyzing a variety of sources including books, papers, biographical materials and personal memoirs. Primary sources are three books written about him and Mayer Stores using the method of oral history. Moreover, Mayer's memoirs, which provided rich information about his observations of people, acts and culture, were analyzed.

Findings
Several conclusions can be drawn. While there are typologies for reflexive agency, it is found that a person can fit into several modes at different times and/or at the same time. Another finding is that an individual's social network is an important factor for his/her reflexive agency. When immigrating to another country with a contextual discontinuity and structural change, an established community and economic opportunities are important factors. A strong stimulus such as a life threat can be a force majeure and trigger for individuals to take risks, affecting their abilities of reflexivity.

Originality/value
This paper presents a unique case study that examines immigration from Western countries before 1945. This paper tries to provide detailed information about social context, including critical milestones, bring the concepts of culture, identity, migration and reflexivity together by analyzing an atypical business figure through his biography and personal memoirs, and use narrative analysis to explain how a reflexive person can act in contextual discontinuity, hence showing how structural, cultural and personal emergent properties can be understood together.


The transient liquid phase diffusion bonding of Si 3N 4 ceramics with Ti/Ni/Ti and Al/Ti/Al multiple interlayers was performed. The formation of intermetallic compounds in situ and their effects on the joints strengths were investigated. The Ti/Ni/Ti interlayers produce NiTi and Ni 3Ti layers with considerable room temperature ductility and high elevated temperature strength to strengthen the bonding zone metals and the joints. The joints with 142 MPa shear strength at room temperature and 88 MPa shear strength at 800 ℃ are achieved under appropriate parameters, respectively. Al/Ti/Al interlayers transform into a special bonding zone metal with a large amount of Al 3Ti particles and a small amount of Al based solid solution, and in this case, the joints are strengthened significantly. Their strengths at room temperature and 600 ℃ reach 90 MPa and 30 MPa, respectively.


63 young people (M age = 23.9 yr., SD = 2.4, 50 men, 13 women) belonging to four subculture groups (New American Punk, Cyberpunk, Trash Style, and Rasta-Hippy) were studied to examine the relationship between self-esteem, self-efficacy, and the development of a body modification collection. A survey was created to evaluate quality of life, risk behaviour, and body modification. Self-esteem and self-efficacy were assessed using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and General Perceived Self-efficacy Scale. Belonging to a group which permits neglect of standard norms of communal life makes it possible to avoid facing up to low self-esteem. Adherence to a group appears, from the results of this study, to be correlated with self-efficacy; inability to cope with life situations suggests a state of malaise in these young people.


e14569 Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy ( SBRT) has been used for oligometastatic disease management with local control rates in excess of 90%. Oligoprogression is the term applied to limited disease progression, with overall disease control. Standard care would be changing systemic therapy. A novel approach is to attempt to locally control the progressing lesions and continue the same systemic therapy. For patients on a Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), progressing lesions were found to accumulate new mutations that cause resistance to the TKI. Hence, treatment with non-overlapping mechanism of resistance such as radiation may be offered. This approach was reported in a retrospective study of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer treated with crizotinib, who received SBRT to oligoprogressive disease. This prolonged the duration of therapy with crizotinib as well as overall survival. We hypothesize that progressing lesions in patients u...


: We report the study on the evaluation method of ground classification ahead of tunnel face using drilling data such as drilling speed, specific drilling energy and damping pressure and discuss the applicability of the drilling survey system to the tunnel construction field. Moreover, the neural network system on the basis of a learning data has been introduced to ana-lyze the drilling data automatically and objectively. We demonstrate the advantage of the drilling survey system making a pre-cise decision of ground classification without human experiences from the experimental results.