MacGibbon KW1*, Fejzo, MS2,3 and Mullin PM4 1HER Foundation, Damascus, OR, USA 2Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA 3University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA


Objective To study the nosocomial infection in psychiatric hospital under half open management for taking further preventive means.Methods The nosocomial infection was investigated among 1 046 psycho patients admitted from Jan.to Dec.2006.A Nosocomial Infection Registration Form was used to record the cases involving nosocomial infections.Results Among all patients,there were 62 cases of nosocomial infection,taking up 5.93%.In view of the infected locations,the infection of respiratory tract took the lead(66.67%),followed by oral infection(15.88%).The incidence of nosocomial infections within 2 months after admission was higher than other peirods.The different types of psycho patients,nosocomial infections rendered no difference in statistics.Conclusion Nosocomial infections in psycho patients frequently occurred at onset of diseases,with major manifestations of infections in respiratory tract,oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract.Such means as enhanced health education,performance of basic daily life care,care of adverse reactions by drugs are key to the prevention of nosocomial infections.


Food of the Gods: The Search for the Original Tree of Knowledge. Terence McKenna. New York: Bantam Books, 1992. vii. 313Pp. ISBN 0-553-07868-2. $21.50 (cloth).


Objective: To test the association between obesity and specific types and anatomical sites of unintentional injuries in older adults. Methods: Participants consisted of 52,857 men and women aged ≥65 years from the 2003 and 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey. Weight, height, and details on injuries occurring in the past year were obtained by survey. Results: Obese individuals had a higher risk for sprains/strains occurring at any anatomical site (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: men 1.48, 1.48–1.62; women 1.14, 1.10–1.27). Conversely, obese individuals were less likely to have a fracture at any anatomical location (men 0.56, 0.50–0.63; women 0.66, 0.51–0.92) or at the hip (men 0.31, 0.12–0.53; women 0.42, 0.29–0.92). Finally, obese older adults did not experience more superficial injuries than normal-weight individuals. Conclusion: Among this large sample of older adults, obesity provided some protection against fractures but was associated with higher odds for sprains/strains.


cal and epic poetry and the prose Imaginary Conversations. Roberts examines key examples of Landor's lyrics for their dense symbolic structure, submerged Latin puns, and transfers of affect between different personae. The intricacies of these close readings can perhaps become a little over-ingenious at times. But Roberts demonstrates Landor's relevance to the wider debates of Romanticism time and again in the resilience of his writing under close scrutiny. There is an impressive chapter on epic, including a treatment of probably Landor's most-read text, the early epic poem Gebir (1798; re-written in Latin as Gebirus, 1803). The supernatural tale of a Spanish colonial adventure in Egypt, Gebir has recently been interpreted mainly in terms of orientalism. Roberts departs from this emerging orthodoxy and re-reads the poem as a fending-off of epic certainties, in which the plot turns on moments of bizarre misunderstanding, unanswered questions, and thwarted interpretation. Roberts's claim for Gebir's deserved place in literary history is a welcome conclusion to this discussion: "The rigour with which Landor articulates his vision of misunderstanding, the instability of interpretation, and the tendency of intense emotion to overwhelm clean comprehension, makes Gebir a genuinely significant Romantic text" (p. 92). Roberts's book is an elegant intervention into the enduring problem of Landor's status. One of its signal achievements is to help the reader avoid the mistake of assuming that Landor's profound devotion to the ancient world made him somehow at odds with his time. Landor is a complex and important author of the Romantic nineteenth century; this book will certainly help us to re-evaluate him. Edge Hill University Michael Bradshaw


Despite the broad adoption of both Apache Spark and Apache Solr, there is little integration between these two platforms to support scalable, end-to-end text analytics. We believe this is a missed opportunity, as there is substantial synergy in building analytical pipelines where the results of potentially complex faceted queries feed downstream text processing components. This demonstration explores exactly such an integration: we evaluate performance under different analytical scenarios and present three simple case studies that illustrate the range of possible analyses enabled by seamlessly connecting Spark to Solr.


The question this paper addresses is whether more variety in meaning of capital could increase the value of capital as one of the factors of production. Methodology used is based on observation, and in this stage of research of this phenomenon we believe that detailed observations are needed with aim to provide enough qualitative data for further development of qualitative methods. Based on a case study from the music industry, the authors have tried to determine whether the extensive use of technology, relationship, knowledge and emotions can be used as a resource for value production in today's economy? These four factors, under complex system analyses of their relationship, could provide enough variety to respond to increasing variety (diversity) developed in music industry environment. In the first part of the paper the on-going rise of importance of intangible values and their relationship with tangible one is discussed. After that, value theories are observed and their relationship to information science is being examined. In the last section, the authors will assert that increasing complexity, coupled (combined/conjoined) with faster changes in the music industry should directly be related to the development of new factors of production used to generate value which can be exchanged on the market. The proposed changes will be tested on a case study.


In this paper a new high accuracy image measurement and registration system design is proposed, in which edges of image in pixel are detected by improved Canny operator, edge points are recorded by an auto-tracing algorithm, edges in sub-pixel are located by spatial moment-based operator. The object parameters are calculated by means of Least Squares and the accuracy is improved by a proposed algorithm. Finally an automatic detection, recognition and measurement algorithm is proposed. The simulation experiment on a standard circle shows the properties of validity, feasibility about the design and algorithm proposed.


With the birth of many kinds of cloned mammals, nuclear transfer technology was focused all over the world. The technology would have brought great influences on livestock husbandry and medical research. Recent development of mammal nuclear transfer, related theory, improved methods, analysis of existed questions and applied prospects were reviewed.


Introduction. The integration of computer technologies into various fields of science allows the development of new methodologies, hybrid information systems with advanced capabilities, such as EcoIS bioinformation system for monitoring the environment with the use of biological data detectors.Problem Statement. The development of innovation bioinformation systems with biological data detectors is a very important task, as they have numerous advantages: allow rapid diagnostics and testing of chemicals in thefirst moments of their action, may be incorporated easily into electronic registration systems, may serve as elementary analytical units with data coding capabilities, etc.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to make a comprehensive analysis of different types of biological data detectors to develop a physical model of a biosensor capable of encoding signals and a bioinformation system with such detectors.Materials and Methods. The comparative analysis of information systems with functions of ecomonitoring and different types of biosensors have been used; the data are taken from electrophysiological experiments on registration of chemosensitive transmembrane electric currents in voltage clamp and patch clamp modes.Results. The physical model of biosensor has been developed and tested. The integration of the developed biosensors into the electronic bioinformation system by the example of EcoIS authors' system has been demonstrated. Neuron-like biosensor has been considered an abstraction in the unity of its functions: signal receiver — filter — analyzer — encoder/decoder, where the input information is obtained in the form of chemical structures or electrical signals, after the conversion (recoding) of information it is registered as electrical signals with changed characteristics. The prospects for developing the cutting-edge methods for information protection in systems with biosensors have been shown.
Conclusions. This development may be used for creating a bioinformation system for environmental moni toring with integrated biosensor system and data protection based on the principles and achievements of contemporary biophysics.


Reversed-phase partition chromatography is shown to be a convenient and simple method for the quantitative separation and recovery of uranium either from impure solutions of unknown origin or from solutions of uranium alloys. The separation process is studied and shown to obey a Freundlich-type isotherm from both nitric acid and hydrochioric acid media. Applications of the technique to specific problems in the analysis of uranium are briefly outlined. (auth)


Research using U. S. manufacturing data finds that job destruction fluctuates more over time than job creation, but some new data indicate that this behavior is not shared in growing sectors, where job creation varies more. An explanation for this finding based on the interaction between (S,s)-type adjustment and trend employment growth delivers some tight predictions for the relationship between trend growth and the volatility of creation relative to destruction. Although it scores some notable successes, the simple (S,s)-based model augmented with a low-frequency trend cannot fully account for the strength of the empirical relationship between relative gross-flow volatility and trend growth across one-digit industries.


Recent advances in the construction of Hadamard matrices have depeaded on the existence of Baumert-Hall arrays and four (1, −1) matrices A B C Dof order m which are of Williamson type, that is they pair-wise satisfy i) MNT = NMT , ∈ {A B C D} and ii) AAT + BBT + CCT + DDT = 4mIm . It is shown that Williamson type matrices exist for the orders m = s(4 − 1)m = s(4s + 3) for s∈ {1, 3, 5, …, 25} and also for m = 93. This gives Williamson matrices for several new orders including 33, 95,189. These results mean there are Hadamard matrices of order i) 4s(4s −1)t, 20s(4s − 1)t,s ∈ {1, 3, 5, …, 25}; ii) 4s(4:s + 3)t, 20s(4s + 3)t s ∈ {1, 3, 5, …, 25}; iii) 4.93t, 20.93t for t ∈ {1, 3, 5, … , 61} ∪ {1 + 2 a 10 b 26 c a b c nonnegative integers}, which are new infinite families. Also, it is shown by considering eight-Williamson-type matrices, that there exist Hadamard matrices of order 4(p + 1)(2p + l)r and 4(p + l)(2p + 5)r when p ≡ 1 (mod 4) is a prime power, 8ris the order of a Plotkin array, and, in the second c...


Software defect prediction is an important means to guarantee software quality. Because there are no sufficient historical data within a project to train the classifier, cross-project defect prediction (CPDP) has been recognized as a fundamental approach. However, traditional defect prediction methods use feature attributes to represent samples, which cannot avoid negative transferring, may result in poor performance model in CPDP. This paper proposes a multi-source cross-project defect prediction method based on dissimilarity space (DM-CPDP). This method not only retains the original information, but also obtains the relationship with other objects. So it can enhances the discriminant ability of the sample attributes to the class label. This method firstly uses the density-based clustering method to construct the prototype set with the cluster center of samples in the target set. Then, the arc-cosine kernel is used to calculate the sample dissimilarities between the prototype set and the source domain or the target set to form the dissimilarity space. In this space, the training set is obtained with the earth mover's distance (EMD) method. For the unlabeled samples converted from the target set, the k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm is used to label those samples. Finally, the model is learned from training data based on TrAdaBoost method and used to predict new potential defects. The experimental results show that this approach has better performance than other traditional CPDP methods.


The present invention relates to a kind of method of synthesizing carbazole compounds, 1,3-two (2,6-diisopropyl phenyl imidazoles-2-subunit) gold (I) acyl chlorides/silver hexafluoroantimonate catalysis under, react to 1-(indoles-2-base)-2-alkynes-1-alcohol high regioselectivity synthesis functionalization carbazole, the present invention has simple to operate, raw material and reagent are easy to get, mild condition, reaction has the advantages such as the regioselectivity of height, and multiple substituting group can be introduced, the easily separated purifying of product simultaneously, be applicable to the carbazole compound synthesizing various replacement.


A sensitive and selective procedure is presented for the voltammetric determination of cobalt. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of cobalt Pyrogallol Red (PGR) complex on a stationary mercury drop electrode, followed by cathodic stripping voltammetry measurement of the reduction current of the adsorbed complex at -1.17 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The optimum con- ditions for the determination of cobalt include pH 11.0, 35 μM Pyrogallol Red, an accumulation potential of -0.9 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and scan rate 80 mV s -1 . The peak current is proportional to the concentration of cobalt over the concen- tration range 5.0 to 280 ng mL -1 with a detection limit of 1 ng mL -1 and an accumulation time of 140 s. The method was applied to the determination of cobalt in analytical grade NaCl and water samples.


The one-pot synthesis of the hitherto unknown N-substituted 4,5-dimethylene-1,3-oxazolidin-2-ones from diacetyl and the corresponding isocyanate in the presence of triethylamine is described. Diene (4a) undergoes Diels-Alder cycloaddition with N-phenylmaleimide (10), and, in the absence of a dienophile, gives a mixture of dimers (12) and (13), and the ring closure cyclobutene (14)


This paper presents the results of fieldwork on rural primary schools of two districts of Madhya Pradesh, India, conducted from December 2001 to March 2002. Since the mid-1990's, the government of this state has initiated reforms in the public primary school sector, by decentralising its management, and facilitating the development of the private sector.


Based on recent experiences, the essays in this volume suggest lessons and strategies for the institutional researcher dealing with faculty reduction.


Abstract Manufacture a composite material with a matrix resin epoxy  and marble statuary powder as filler is one industry-utilization of waste. Mechanical properties of the composite material is influenced by the particle size of the particles. variations in particle size would form different mechanical properties. This research was conducted to investigate the effect variations in particle size on the mechanical properties of the composite particles. In this research variation in particle size marble  statuary  used is 60 mesh, 100 mesh, 140 mesh and 200 mesh. Resin used is epoxy resin, and composition of the volume ratio between the matrix and the particles used in research was 80%: 20%. The method is used in the manufacture of composite hand lay-up method. Tests performed in this research is XRD testing on solid marble, bending strength, hardness, and SEM. XRD results obtained from the testing phase identified in the marble statuary are Ca2O5Si , CaCO3, CaO, SiO2 , MgO , MgCO3 , and SiC. Hardness value of composite particles of marble is 22.3 to 48.33 HB, and flexural strength values of composite particles of marble statuary  is from 13.89 to 38.89 N/mm . Particle size is good for filler in the composite is 140 mesh particles. Marble composite particles 140 mesh particle size has a flexural strength and hardness highest, because SEM photograph composite of 140 mesh particle distribution in the matrix evenly, and there is a good bond between the matrix and particles of marble statuary. Keywords: Marble statuary, composite, particle size marble, epoxy , the mechanical properties


Power is not a fully quantified sustainable development mode of logistics systems,but a comprehensive,diversified and hierarchical structure.This revolved around the power of logistics of sustainable development,through the power of logistics characteristics,development focused on analysis of the present situation and sustainable development,so as to build a preliminary model of sustainable development.


A male specimen in the U. S. National Museum collections from "C. Chile, A. Faz" agrees in most respects with the description of Seioptera importans Hennig (1941, p. 74), from the same locality and collector, but differs in a few important details. The apical third of wing vein r1 has several small setulae, there are distinct blackish marks on the wing between veins sc and rs from the end of the basicostal marking as far as the level where sc starts to turn upward toward costa and about the base of the anal cell on both sides of the anal vein, and the head does not protrude below, differing in these respects from Hennig's figures.


1CDGI, Indore 2IIST, Indore 3,4IICAE, Indore ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The fuel tank is used in automobile industries to carry fuel and supply fuel to the engine. The aim of this research work is to optimize the design of fuel tank mounting bracket for commercial vehicles. The project includes the geometry and finite element modeling of fuel tank mounting bracket design. Geometrical modeling was done using Pro-E; finite element modeling using Hypermesh software and analysis was done using Optistruct solver. This project deals with the static analysis of bracket assembly. This project provides a methodology for analysis of an assembly consisting of components made of metal components.


The  research  aimed  to  obtain antibacterial  activity  of  isolate  fermentate  of  endophytic  fungi  of  antique spurge stem ( Euphorbia antiquorum L.) on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by TLC-Bioautography. The methods used in this research were isolation, purification and isolate screening. The  screening results of endophytic  fungi isolate  of  antique  spurge  stem  showed  the  largest  inhibitory  zone  in preventing  both  bacteria  growth  using  code  IFBS-03  and  IFBS-06.  The chromatogram profile  of antibacterial activity isolate fermentate  of the codes IFBS-03  and  IFBS-06  showed  active  spots  using  TLC-Bioautographic method showed that code IFBS-03 isolate obtained Rf 0.87 and 0.27 values, indicating active spots on  Staphylococcus aureus and  Escherichia coli . The result of code IFBS-06 isolate obtained Rf 0.83 value active spots against Staphylococcus aureus and  values  Rf  0.83  and  0.27  value on  Escherichia  coli .  Based on isolation and identification some chemical components obtained that dietyl ether ekstract of thin layer cromatography obtained chemicals components flavanoid at Rf 0.83 and 0.27 value with reagent Antimo (III) chloride.


1. The dry weight of a neonate crustacean is sometimes lower than the initial dry weight of the egg, owing to utilization of respiratory substrates, as in Daphnia, where the dry weight decreases by 16–25 %. In Artemia any loss is compensated by an uptake of salts so that there is no change in dry weight during the course of embryonic development. The embryos of Ligia receive nutrients secreted into the maternal brood pouch, and the dry weight of the neonate is greater than the initial dry weight of the egg.


Investigations of the electric permittivity, elastic compliance, pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties as functions of time and temperature were performed for a PbZr0.985Ti0.015O3 single crystal and compared with Raman scattering data. The e(T) function in the paraelectric and intermediate phase can be described by the stretched exponential functions typical for glass system. Poling of the sample in d.c. electric field induces stable ferroelectric properties in the intermediate phase. In this case the transition to the pure antiferroelectric phase takes place via a transient glass phase.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the causes of the postoperative recurrence of hyperthyroidism and the indication and modality of reoperation. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 41 cases of reoperation for postoperative re-currence of hyperthyroidism from Jan. 1985 to Mar. 2004. RESULTS All 41 patients were followed-up for 1. 5 to 10 years and the incidence of postoperative com-plication was 10.09 %. The results showed that all pa-tients were cured by reoperation without recurrence or hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION The main cause of the postoperative recurrence of hyperthyroidism is the in-sufficient resection of the thyroid. Selective reoperation is an effective therapy against postoperative recurrence of hyperthyroidism. Careful dissection can avoid injury of the parathyroid and laryngeal recurrent nerve and pre-vent massive bleeding.


A basic inductive type high temperature superconducting fault current limiter prototype has been built and tested at the Department of Electrical Engineering of the University of Tokyo. The experimental static V-I characteristics shows a change in the impedance of the device when its limiting current is reached. A circuit model of the fault current limiter is developed by means of a non linear inductor with memory. A good agreement is obtained between numerical and experimental V-I characteristics. Dynamic characteristics are numerically studied by means of the circuit model.


When an infectious disease strikes a population, the number of newly reported cases is often the only available information that one can obtain during early stages of the outbreak. An important goal of early outbreak analysis is to obtain a reliable estimate for the basic reproduction number, R0, from the limited information available. We present a novel method that enables us to make a reliable real-time estimate of the reproduction number at a much earlier stage compared to other available methods. Our method takes into account the possibility that a disease has a wide distribution of infectious period and that the degree distribution of the contact network is heterogeneous. We validate our analytical framework with numerical simulations. 1 Division of Mathematical Modeling, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 2 School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 3 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 4 Section of Integrative Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, U.S.A. 5 Department of Mathematics & Statistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Corresponding Author 1


Our main objective in this paper is to revisit Markowitz?s (1952) mean-variance approach by applying Shannon Entropy as an alternative measure of financial risk. We studied 33 randomly selected stocks of the Tunis Stock Exchange, representing the daily values of the Tunindex over a period of 8 years. The obtained results indicate that entropy behaves in a similar way to standard deviation, as it decreases depending on the number of stocks held in a portfolio. Likewise, Sharpe single-index model was reinterpreted under entropy theory where total risk is divided into systematic and non-systematic risk. Then, standard measures like standard deviation or beta seem to be inadequate to assess risk and uncertainty. Consequently, entropy offers an ideal alternative to identify investment-related risk.


Hot-rolled steel plate cooling apparatus of the present invention, a thermometer for measuring the temperature of hot-rolled steel sheet and; Type for measuring the shape of the hot-rolled steel sheet with offset; In the cooling section and the upper cooling unit that cools the upper surface of the hot rolled steel sheet; In the cooling section and the lower cooling unit that cools the lower surface of the hot rolled steel sheet; By the basis of the temperature measurement result and the contour measurement result, controlling the upper cooling device and the lower cooling unit, a control device for the upper and lower surfaces cooled heat value of the hot-rolled steel sheet control at least one of a cooling amount of heat generated in the cooling section; and a.


Objective:To probe different methods in treating arterial epistaxis.Methods:Using electro-cauterization,microwave-cauterization and traditional anterior nose packing in treating serious superficial arterial epistaxis under endoscopy.Results:693 cases of serious arterial epistaxis were treated,among them 230 patients were treated with anterior nose packing,after withdrawing the gauze,193 cases(83.9%)stop bleeding immediately.35 cases(18.1%)rebleed in the original site.328 cases were treated with electro-cauterization,which showed successful in all patients including 65 cases manifested as persistent arterial pulsating bleeding.Using microwave-cauterization method in treating nose bleeding patients for 135 cases,when the bleeding spots temporarily stopped,then performed operation which won success in 95 cases(70.4%),the other 40 failed patients under active bleeding status changed to electro-cauterization,all won successful results.There were no recurrent bleeding within 2 weeks.Conclusion:(1)Traditional anterior nasal packing can also be provided as one of the simple and effective methods,especially for the bleeding point in the olfactory fissura,the time for the treatment is longer,the suffering is more serious,while after packing,the opportunity of recurrent bleeding is more than using other methods.(2)Microwave-cauterization is seldom effective in treating active arterial bleeding,which is due to that microwave can't coagulate the rapid flowing blood effectively.(3)electro-cauterization could be performed on calming down as well as active arterial bleeding spot effectively,which is one of the most rapid and reliable haemostatic measures.


This paper is the first of two linked articles exploring a shared learning approach to developing 'professional collaboration' as one way of improving care for people with complex inter-related mental health and substance misuse needs. The target groups for the training in this study are Approved Social Workers (ASWs) and specialist drugs workers. The article describes the social and professional contexts that shape the different training agendas for the respective groups of workers in an attempt to identify common themes that can be used as a foundation for developing training solutions. The relevance of a shared learning method of training delivery is critically discussed and the way in which this was adapted to respond to training needs identified in Birmingham is outlined. The paper concludes by suggesting that training providers should be encouraged to identify the common agenda for drugs workers and ASWs working with people with mental health and substance use needs and utilise a shared learning methodology to respond in a proactive way to improving service delivery through effective training. The second paper provides an in-depth exploration of the training delivered. Using a formative evaluation framework the paper reflects upon the methods employed to: " identify curriculum content; " promote collaborative working through different approaches to interprofessional learning; and " demonstrate how the training is impacting on practice outcomes.


This chapter provides an overview of computational modeling of conformity, group deliberation, and social diffusion processes, with an emphasis on social psychological perspectives rather than the kinds of structural and institutional issues modeled in political science and sociology. The chapter attempts to illustrate the benefits of building maps of "parameter space" as a way to generalize across single studies and to develop out-of-sample new predictions.


Palm swamps are wetlands of the "Cerrado", characterized by the presence of "buritizais" and hydromorphic soils, which house springs forming seasonal and/or permanent watercourses, generally acidic. This study aimed to survey the species of Eunotiaceae Kutzing occurring in periphyton of Palm swamps in the state of Goias (Brazil). Sampling was carried out in 2008, 2009 and 2010 in seven Palm swamps located in the southeast, northeast and center of the state, among them preserved, urban and in agricultural area. We identifi ed 20 taxa, being two species of the Actinella F.W.Lewis genus, 17 infrageneric taxa of Eunotia Ehrenberg and one species of the Eunotioforma J.P.Kociolek & A.L.Burliga genus. Nine taxa are cited for the fi rst time for the idwestern region of Brazil [Eunotia angustior (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot & Tagliaventi, E. botuliformis Wild, Norpel-Schempp & LangeBertalot, E. charlesii Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot, E. meridiana Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot, E. mucophila (Lange-Bertalot, Norpel-Schempp & Alles) Lange-Bertalot, E. aff . parasiolii Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot, E. reichardtii Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot].


In communication systems, channel quality variation is a well known phenomenon, which fundamentally influences the decoding process. While most of the time, the transmission takes place in good signal to noise conditions, to satisfy QoS requirements in all cases, telecom platforms rely on largely over-designed hardware, which may result in energy waste during most of their operation. In this paper we propose to exploit the channel noise variability and adapt the platform operation conditions such that QoS requirements are satisfied with the minimum energy consumption. In particular, we propose a technique to exploit channel noise variability towards energy effective LDPC decoding amenable to low-energy operation. Endowed with the channel noise variability knowledge, our technique adaptively tunes the operating voltage at runtime, aiming to achieve the optimal tradeoff between decoder performance and power con-sumption, while fulfilling the QoS requirements. To demonstrate the capabilities of our proposal we implemented it and other state of the art energy reduction methods in conjunction with a fully parallel LDPC decoder on a Virtex-6 FPGA. Our experiments indicate that the proposed technique outperforms state of the art counterparts, in terms of energy reduction, with 71% to 76% and 15% to 28%, w.r.t. early termination without and with DVS, respectively, while maintaining the targeted decoding robustness. Moreover, the measurements suggest that in certain conditions Degradation Stochastic Resonance occurs, i.e., the energy consumption is unexpectedly diminished due to the fact that unpredictable underpowered components facilitate rather than impede the decoding process.


This research aims at assessing the impact of industrial placement on students' employability skills in the tertiary education sector in Mauritius. Long-time neglected and considered as accessory to academic learning, industrial placement is nowadays a necessity for this category of students. In a competitive world where there needs be a suitable match between employment skills and job demands, industrial placement is rightly considered as a stepping stone to the forthcoming work-life career of the individual. The research states that students undergoing industrial placement in suitable companies learn the various skills and techniques in a job environment, gain greater confidence and maturity prior to embarking on a job. This study is limited to a sample of students from Universite des Mascareignes that has formalised such training using an established methodology and framework to assess students. It is clearly approved that industrial placement is relevant in tertiary academic learning in that it bridges the gap between school and the immediate work environment. Keywords: Industrial placement, tertiary students, university, employability.


The construction of harmonious society has put forward a new challenge on the fundamental principles of civil law.The historical limitations and lag behind presented in principles of civil law issued in 1986 dissimilates the contents regarded by the harmonious society nowadays on the pattern of interests.Therefore one of tasks without delay is to re-examine and shape the fundamental principles in the future civil law of China,which should be based on the aim of harmonious society while constructing the fundamental principles of civil law.At the same time the contents and standards of the fundamental principles during different historical periods both inside and outside of China should be referred,and the concrete fundamental principles be positioned.


The invention discloses a system for improving the safety of information security equipment and the related method, pertaining to the field of information security. The system comprises a set of information security equipment and an output device. The method comprises the following steps: the information security equipment is connected with a computer; the information security equipment receives the operation data and operation instructions inputted by a user and generates an authentication code and the authentication information containing the operation instructions and the authentication code, then the authentication information is outputted by the computer; the information security equipment receives the authentication information inputted by the user and judges whether the authentication information is consistent with the authentication code; if the authentication information is consistent with the authentication code, the information security equipment executes the operation instructions within the equipment; otherwise, the information security equipment displays error information through the computer. The invention uses the information security equipment to generate the authentication information comprising the authentication code and the operation data inputted by the user and outputs the authentication information through the output device for the user to confirm, so as to insure the final execution of safe and correct operations.


The surface kinetics of low temperature (100 °C < T < 150 °C) CVD of copper from Cu(hfac)VTMS are studied, and a novel monorhoic model is applied to describe these kinetics. This model contains no reversible reactions and only those reactions between gas phase and surface species are allowed. A mechanism, consisting of four reaction steps, is proposed and is found to fit the experimental data well, even when the data are from experiments conducted at two different temperatures. The desorption of * Cu(hfac) 2 appears to be very rapid. Based on the results, a mechanism is proposed to describe literature results on a Cu(hfac) 2 CVD system.


The following paper is structured around the question "Why is it advisable to expand outside our home planet?" By taking into account the current existing technology and extrapolating a little on the way it can be applied, I have created this brief study regarding non-planetary space settlements.


Day care of mentally handicapped people fulfils the need of both the person and the community. The transmission of culture which occurs through nurturing, education and social integration in the case of ordinary people is also necessary in the case of a mentally handicapped person. This alone can eventually lead the mentally handicapped person to prepare himself for the role of an adult in the community. Day care plays an important part in facilitating this transmission because, contrary to common belief, mentally handicapped people can learn better during their early adult life. Yet factors within the community itself make this provision less effective. The aim of this article is to review day care in the context of its need and place in social organization and the problems in the community at present.


Equilibrium relations bipolar fuzzy sets are introduced. Equilibrium relations are bipolar reflexive, symmetrical, and transitive. It is proved that: (1) crisp equilibrium relations induce hard partitions of harmony sets, coalition sets, and conflict sets; and (2) fuzzy equilibrium relation induces fuzzy harmony, coalition, and conflict sets which can be either disjoint or overlapped. Conditions for disjoint bipolar fuzzy partitioning are established with fuzzy equilibrium relations. It is shown that crisp equilibrium relations and fuzzy equilibrium relations are natural generalizations of classical equivalence relations and fuzzy similarity relations, respectively. It is illustrated that equilibrium relations can be used for bipolar clustering.


Great attention has been given to the energy. As the large energy consumption province, energy security issues become increasingly prominen, accelerating new energy development is necessarily in Hebei province. The author uses SWOT analysis method to analyze the influence factors of new energy development in Hebei, and gives some suggestions. Hebei is blessed with an abundance of new energy resources and has the potential for the solar and wind energy industry to grow significantly. However, new energy development in Hebei faces many challenges such as capital, structure, and technology, as well as low industry concentration, small profit margins, and consumer unwillingness to use new energy. Nevertheless development and utilization of new energy is the general trend. Hebei province should take advantage of this opportunity to use policy support and incentives to build a diversified energy structure of the new system and to promote industrial clustering process.


The aim of this study is to examine the level of individual innovation and the professional innovativeness tendencies of the classroom teacher candidates. Scanning model was used in the research. The population of the study consists of 192 pre-service teachers studying in the faculty of education. Kilicer and Odabasi's (2010) Turkish adaptaion of "Individual Innovativeness Scale" and "Professional Innovativeness Tendencies Scale" developed by Yilmaz, Sogukcesme, Ayhan, Tuncay, Sancar ve Deniz (2014) and personal data form is used as a data collection tool. The mean points of individual innovation of teacher candidates is found at low levels. While the individual innovation points of the classroom teachers differ according to the level of the father education, it is found that the professional innovation tendencies differ according to the grade level. It was concluded that there was a moderate, positive and significant relationship between the individual innovation points of the classroom teachers and the professional innovativeness tendencies. In this respect, the participation of classroom teacher candidates should be encouraged for scientific activities such as conferences, seminars and workshops on topics such as innovation, creativity, problem solving and critical thinking.


Miniature (65-L) growth chambers, designed and tested to study environmental conditions affecting in vitro culture, provide an accurate and inexpensive method to perform multifactorial experiments under these conditions. Temperature control was achieved by an electronic device combined with a heating cable and a heat exchanger (water to air). Two-dimensional temperature variations in the chamber were within 1 °C of the set point temperature. Nine chambers were placed under photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 80, 125 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentrations of 330, 1650 and 3000 μL L−1. Gas concentrations in both the chambers and the test tubes with in vitro cultures were monitored and fresh weight accumulation of raspberry (Rubus idaeus), strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) cultures were recorded during a growth experiment. Carbon dioxide accumulation in the culture tubes during the night and subsequent depletion during the day indicated CO2 fixation enhancement with ...


This paper provides an introductory overview of AVI (Automatic vehicle identification) technologies and describes the road pricing and congestion pricing application status of several new AVI projects.


A photocatalyst, TiO2−xNy/AC (activated carbon (AC) supported N-doped TiO2), highly active in both the Vis and UV range, was prepared by calcination of the TiO2 precursor prepared by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis in an ammonia atmosphere. The powders were characterized by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and phenol degradation. The doped N in the TiO2 crystal lattice creates an electron-occupied intra-band gap allowing electron-hole pair generation under Vis irradiation (500–560 nm). The TiO2−xNy/AC exhibited high levels of activity and the same activity trends for phenol degradation under both Vis and UV irradiation: TiO2−xNy/AC calcined at 500 °C for 4 h exhibited the highest activity. The band-gap level newly formed by doped N can act as a center for the photo-generated holes and is beneficial for the UV activity enhancement. The performance of the prepared TiO2−xNy/AC photocatalyst revealed its practical potential in the field of solar photocatalytic degradation of aqueous contaminants. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry


Based on the pilot of VMIMO-OFDM system,this paper proposed a jointly estimation algorithm for solve estimation problem between the multiple carrier frequency offset(CFOs) and channel impulse response(CIRs) at the wireless sensor network's destination node.As each transmitter-to-receiver link in wireless sensor networks had an individual CFO and CIR parameters with its local oscillator,so directly estimation all the parameters had become a multi-dimensional nonlinear problem.Based on the specially designed training sequences,the destination node could decouple the signal from different relay nodes by correlation and simplify the MD nonlinear problem to linear.The multiple CFOs could be identified from the correlation result,so that the CIRs could be estimated according to the maximum-likelihood principle.


The aim of this work was to characterize fenotipym of Creole horses in the Zapallo and Flavio Alfaro in base their measurements and zoometric indexes, through which we studied in 140 creole horses, with ages ranging between two months and 18 years, by means of descriptive statistics, the following zoomometric measures were determined: head width 22cm (±1,23), long 56cm(±2.73), croup width 45cm (±2.85), croup length 45cm (±2.69); raised at the cross 140cm (±4.20), raised 142cm (±4.33), longitudinal diameter 137cm (±4.43); bicostal diameter 34cm (±2.17), esternal dorsum 65cm (±3.79), thoracic perimeter 151cm (±6.39), cane perimeter 19cm (±1.09) males, a mares head width 21.36cm (±1.15), long 54.37cm (±2.08), croup width 43.10cm (±2.51), croup length 43.64cm (±2.28), raised at the cross 138.81cm (±4.20), raised 139.84cm (±4.34), longitudinal diameter 136.42cm (±4.82), bicostal diameter 33.76cm (±1.55), esternal dorsum 61.97cm (±3.06), thoracic perimeter 148.76cm (±5.42), cane perimeter 18.71cm (±1.17). The most prevalency chestnut (36.43%), the animals studied´s black hulls 72.14%, with rectilinear profile 86.43%, Cervical pyramidal 90.71%, lumbar dorsum profile 88.57% and normal ventral profile 86.43%. for the calculation of zoomometric indexes in studied the males is animals dolichocephalous, longilineous, dolichocephalic, dolicomorphic, contralto correlation between, braquipelvic, contralto proportionality and the mares dolichocephalous, longilineous, dolichocephalic, mesomorphic, contralto correlation between, braquipelvic, contralto proportionality.


The present disclosure relates to a passenger ship, such as a passenger liner(1), which includes a main structure(2) bounded by a hull(20) and its upper deck(21), above which arises at least one superstructure(3), wherein it has at least one arch(4) which stands generally fore and aft, and which extends at least partly over the main structure(2), its opposite ends(41) being firmly joined to this main structure(2), so that the arch(4) carries at least part of the loads connected with its deflection.


OF THE UNITED STATES 10. 54. Compare BUREAU OF CENSUS, U.S. DEPT OF COMMERCE, 1996 STATISTICAL ABSTRACT OF THE UNITED STATES 28 (estimating the population in the 11 western states at 55.8 million for the year 1995) with BUREAU OF CENSUS, U.S. DEP'T OF COMMERCE, CURRENT POPULATION REPORTS: POPULATION PROJECTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES BY AGE, SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC ORIGIN 1995-2050 at 6 (1996) (estimating the addition of more than 25 million people to the national population during the decade of the 1990s and reporting that the West has the highest growth rates in the country). 55. See FOREST SERV., U.S. DEP'T OF AGRIC., NATIONAL FOREST FIRE REPORT (1977-present) (reporting total wildfires and total acres burned). 56. See generally CHARLES F. WILKINSON, CROSSING THE NEXT MERIDIAN: LAND, WATER, AND THE FUTURE OF THE WEST (1992). 1997] THE NATIONAL FOREST MANAGEMENT ACT 671 that accompanies an exhaustion of the local timber resource. Some of those communities continue to suffer, while others have redirected themselves toward recreation and nonextractive


This data set consists of GIS layers that describe the soils of the BOREAS SSA. The original data were submitted as vector layers that were gridded by BOREAS staff to a 30-meter pixel size in the AEAC projection. These data layers include the soil code (which relates to the soil name), modifier (which also relates to the soil name), and extent (indicating the extent that this soil exists within the polygon). There are three sets of these layers representing the primary, secondary, and tertiary soil characteristics. Thus, there is a total of nine layers in this data set along with supporting files. The data are stored in binary, image format files.


The effects were determined of dietary fish oil on the polyunsaturated fatty acid desaturation in rats fed on fish oil-containing diets (FS group) and on non-fish oil diets (CN group) during the fetal to postnatal periods. Although the desaturase activity in the liver microsomes of the FS group was higher than that of the CN group before birth, this was not altered by dietary fish oil after birth. However, a lower 20:4n-6 concentration before and after birth, and lower linoleic acid desaturation index ((dihomo-γ-linolenic acid + arachidonic acid)/linoleic acid)) at 10 wk of age in the FS group than in the CN group were observed in the liver microsomal phospholipids. The Δ6-desaturase activity in the brain microsomes of the FS group was lower than that of the CN group. These findings suggest that an intake of dietary fish oil by dams and postnatal rats affected the arachidonic acid concentration due to the decreased desaturase activity in the rats' microsomes.


A new indefinite integral table is presented,which includes all traditional indefinite integral recursion formulas for all of the tables,and combines nearly 200commonly used indefinite integral formulas into 43formulas.


Background and aims: To explore efficacy and safety of a modified dosage regimen of nesiritide in patients (≧75 years) with acute heart failure (AHF). Methods: Total 140 patients (=75 years) with AHF were enrolled in this study. They were randomly and evenly divided into two group — control and nesiritide group. The control group received only conventional treatment for AHF, while the nesiritide group received conventional treatment plus a continual intravenous infusion of nesiritide at a rate of 0.0075–0.015 μg·kg−1·min−1 for 10–15 hours (total 0.5–1.0 mg) once daily for 13 days. Results: Medical research council scales in nesiritide group were significantly lower than those in control group on day 4, 8 and 14. Scores of edema had no significant difference, but were lower in nesiritide group on day 8 and 14. The nesiritide group had markedly more net body fluid losses. NT-proBNP, serum creatinine, blood pressure, cTnI, 30-day and 60-day mortality had no significant difference between two groups. Conclusions: Nesiritide resulted in improvements in dyspnea and edema, and similar adverse effects compared with conventional treatment. In spite of no reduction on short-term mortality and a reversible influence on renal function, nesiritide was still an important choice for the elderly (≧75 years) with AHF.


A new analysis method of stress and deformation of concrete face rockfill dam is established based on ABAQUS. This new approach includes secondary development of Duncan E-B material model and secondary development of Goodman frictional model of contact between concrete face and cushion. Meanwhile, contact characteristics is considered among concrete face and between concrete face and plinth. According to dam prototype observation, the analytic results are in good agreement with calculation results from the practical engineering, which indicates that the analysis method can be used widely.


This study uses full-scale models subjected to shaking table tests to evaluate the aseismic performance of ballasted track. The authors also tested for lateral ballast resistance force with the ballasted track model after shaking. Results show that in the case of ballasted track with no countermeasures, the amplitude of lateral displacement and the residual displacement increased because the lateral resistance of ballasted track significantly decreased when the earthquake acceleration acting on the ballasted track exceeded around 800 gals. The decrease in lateral ballast resistance force could be prevented by applying adequate countermeasures against track buckling. An iron plate for was found to be the most effective countermeasure against track buckling.


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious health problem that has significant effects on the life status of elderly persons. Use of the empowerment approach is necessary for health promotion in older people with COPD, but little attention has so far been paid to all the dimensions of empowerment in the management of COPD, which would provide useful knowledge regarding elders with COPD. This article reports on a study exploring people's experiences of the empowerment of older people with COPD. This study adopted an exploratory qualitative design and was carried out using grounded theory methodology. Grounded theory was considered appropriate for this study because of its focus on how people respond to and act on the problems that they encounter. We collected data by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews and taking field notes. Twenty-four participants were selected through purposive sampling. The results showed that in encountering the complexity of disease and in response to difficulties induced by COPD, three strategies were applied. Elderly persons with COPD, their family caregivers, and professional team members engaged in "managing life with COPD," "striving to keep abreast of life," "preparing for battle with disease," and "helping to stabilize the elder's life." The outcome of these strategies was "co-existence with disease." The potential of "managing life with COPD" was influenced by the following factors: "co-existence with ageing," "personal potential," "a challenged health system," and "weak social support." "Managing life with COPD" enables the elder to feel in control and live optimally. This is a fragile balance, however, and the unpredictability of COPD can tip the elder into "self-efficacy." Understanding the experiences of the empowerment process of older people with COPD can help health professionals provide more focused elderly care.


The present study examines both the structure and the content of peer social interaction during the second and third years of life. Three dimensions of children's social behavior were considered: imitative interactions, complementary interactions and conventional social games. The aim was to analyse age‐related changes occurring in the frequency, quality and variety of both imitative/ complementary interactions and social games over an extended age range. Twenty children, equally distributed in five age groups (12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age) participated in the study. Ten dyads of familiar same‐aged peers were formed and observed during dyadic play sessions (2 for each dyad) videotaped inside the day‐care centre in which all the children were enrolled. The results support earlier suggestions that imitative relations are gradually replaced by complementary relations toward the end of the second year of life. In the third year of life the most consistent developmental trend was an increase in the numb...


This paper presents one of the possible hazardous situations during
 transportation of gas through the international pipeline. It describes the
 case when at high-pressure gas pipeline, due to mechanical or chemical
 effect, cracks and a gas leakage appears and the gas is somehow triggered to
 burn. As a consequence of heat impingement on the pipe surface, change of
 material properties (decreasing of strength) at high temperatures will occur.
 In order to avoid greater rapture a reasonable pressure relief rate needs to
 be applied. Standards in this particular domain of depressurizing procedure
 are not so exact (DIN EN ISO 23251; API 521). This paper was a part of the
 project to make initial contribution in defining the appropriate procedure of
 gas operator behaving during the rare gas leakage and burning situations on
 pipeline network. The main part of the work consists of two calculations. The
 first is the numerical simulation of heat radiation of combustible gas, which
 affects the pipeline, done in the FLUENT software. The second is the
 implementation of obtained results as a boundary condition in an additional
 calculation of time resolved wall temperature of the pipe under consideration
 this temperature depending on the incident flux as well as a number of other
 heat flow rates, using the Matlab. Simulations were done with the help of the
 "E.ON Ruhrgas AG" in Essen.


For my senior thesis I am going to investigate the rampant rise in popularity of gourmet food trucks in the past six or seven years. When I first arrived at Swarthmore, our campus was visited by one upscale cupcake truck during the spring semester that had to endure a line of almost 150 people and ran out of ingredients within an hour and a half. N ow our campus is being visited multiple times a semester by these food trucks, which are being contracted whenever the school needs a novel, different, and pleasurable eating experience. Meanwhile, the town of Swarthmore is busy organizing events such as the Food Truck-a-thon where almost a dozen food trucks leave their local corners in Philadelphia to come ten miles away to a tiny college town to feed eagerly awaiting customers. This is not just happening in Philadelphia and Swarthmore either, this is occurring across the country. Events like the Food Truck-a-Than simply did not exist four years ago. To me, this makes the popularity offood trucks very apparent; this trend has established itself in the American food system. I am curious to see as to why these gourmet food trucks have made such an impact on the American culinary scene. I want to understand how street food has transformed from our classic notions of hot dog stands and ice cream trucks to a new contemporary version of "meals on wheels" that is very reflective of the society that has


This review critically examined the theories, methodologies, and methods that have been used in early childhood environmental education research over the past 10 years (2004–2014). Of the 36 studies identified, one-third were informed by research on children approaches, positioning children as objects of research. Trends revealed that EE researchers are moving toward research with children frameworks, embracing methods that honor children's perspectives. Yet a lack of congruency was also identified between participatory methodologies and the methods employed. Although researchers advocated for children's agency, adults were still positioned in the primary role of data collectors, analyzers, and interpreters. Findings are useful for EE scholars pursuing research with the very young, providing insight regarding ethical practices, child positioning, and participatory methods.


Scruggs, Mastropieri, and Casto (this issue) advocate the use of the percentage of nonoverlapping data points (PND) to summarize and synthesize single-subject research. We take issue with the PND method, which reduces functional analyses to a one-number summary, for the following reasons: (a) the most relevant and credible evidence from single-subject designs lies in the patterns of change across time; (b) summaries based on PND may miss vital idiosyncracies in behavior within and across studies; (c) as practiced previously, syntheses of literature based on PND may misrepresent procedural facts and outcomes; and (d) as practiced previously, syntheses based on PND attempt, inappropriately, to draw conclusions about the relative merits of broad categories of intervention.


In superheater and reheater service, fuel-ash corrosion has limited the use of most conventional austenitic materials. During a study conducted to determine the effectiveness of Incoclad 671/ 800 against fuel-ash corrosion, the tubing showed a maximum corrosion rate of 1.9 mils/y from the ash, and retained the required mechanical properties for long service life. Results indicated the alloy to be an excellent material for superheater service where fuel-ash corrosion is a material-limiting factor. (auth)


Both a thermal component and a non thermal component as an interaction between the jet and an interstellar medium are studied. By using Chandra, an additional thermal component to a synchrotron emission from the M87 jet is studied. This is the first time to study energy spectra with high statistics by using a Chandra archive. It is confirmed that energy spectra for the nucleus, the knot HST-1 and the knot D is well described with a power law. It is found that a power law model is rejected with a 5.2 sigma significance for the knot A and energy spectra is well described with a combination model of a power law and a thermal component. There is a possibility that gas in a jet is heated by a shock as interaction between the jet and an interstellar medium and it is observed as thermal emission. The flux of a non thermal bremsstrahlung from the jet as an interaction between accelerated electrons and an interstellar medium is calculated and it is suggested that there is some contribution from the knot HST-1 and the knot A to the observed flux with Fermi. This scenario matches with a non-flux variability in a GeV energy range.


Information about the cave invertebrates of Georgia, Caucasus, is summarised, resulting in 43 troglo- and 43 stygobiont taxa reported from 64 caves. Species distribution analyses were conducted for 61 caves harbouring 58 invertebrate taxa, with the majority of caves (39) located in Apkhazeti (north-western Georgia). In 22 caves from central-west Georgia (Samegrelo, Imereti and Racha-Lechkhumi regions of west Georgia) 31 taxa are reported. Composition of cave fauna differed strongly between the caves in Apkhazeti and the central-west of Georgia. Only two taxa of the total 86 were shared, resulting in negligible similarity (Sørensen-Dice coefficient Ss=4.8%). Rarefaction indicated an increase in number of species with additional sampling could increase species richness from 58 to 76 for caves in Apkhazeti and from 31 to 69 for caves in central-west Georgia. These findings suggest that the low invertebrate species richness observed in caves of western Georgia is the result of insufficient sampling. A pairwise approach to analysing species co-occurrence showed ten positive spatial associations in 7 out of 86 cave species, all from Kveda Shakurani and Tsebelda caves. The species co-occurring in the same microhabitat require further study to understand their relationships.


A Virtual Reality (VR) applications program has been under development at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) since 1989. Other NASA Centers, most notably Ames Research Center (ARC), have contributed to the development of the VR enabling technologies and VR systems. This VR technology development has now reached a level of maturity where specific applications of VR as a tool can be considered. The objectives of the MSFC VR Applications Program are to develop, validate, and utilize VR as a Human Factors design and operations analysis tool and to assess and evaluate VR as a tool in other applications (e.g., training, operations development, mission support, teleoperations planning, etc.). The long-term goals of this technology program is to enable specialized Human Factors analyses earlier in the hardware and operations development process and develop more effective training and mission support systems. The capability to perform specialized Human Factors analyses earlier in the hardware and operations development process is required to better refine and validate requirements during the requirements definition phase. This leads to a more efficient design process where perturbations caused by late-occurring requirements changes are minimized. A validated set of VR analytical tools must be developed to enable a more efficient process for the design and development of space systems and operations. Similarly, training and mission support systems must exploit state-of-the-art computer-based technologies to maximize training effectiveness and enhance mission support. The approach of the VR Applications Program is to develop and validate appropriate virtual environments and associated object kinematic and behavior attributes for specific classes of applications. These application-specific environments and associated simulations will be validated, where possible, through empirical comparisons with existing, accepted tools and methodologies. These validated VR analytical tools will then be available for use in the design and development of space systems and operations and in training and mission support systems.


While there has been increased interest in the role of occupations, little has been done from a methodological and empirical approach to find out exactly how occupational analysis plays out on the ground in real places and how the study of the relationships among occupations across industries can further illuminate national and regional economic performance. This descriptive research enhances the understanding of the relationships among industries and occupations. These relationships are analyzed and compared at both national (United States, Canada, Sweden) and sample regional (Boston, Toronto, Stockholm) levels. We uncovered significant differences in occupation mix between North American and Swedish industries. While the United States and Canada rely more heavily on service class occupations, which typically pay much lower wages, Sweden has transformed its reliance on low-wage service workers by increasing its creative employment across the entire economy (knowledge, service, and goods producing industry sectors). However, this transition has resulted in a much smaller knowledge industry than is found in both the United States and Canada, which could mean that Sweden has optimized for the short-term but with long-term consequences.


This paper presents an evaluation of AMSR (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer) soil moisture products, based on the comparison with three ground soil moisture networks. The selected ground sites are representative of various climatic, hydrologic and environmental conditions in temperate and semi-arid areas. They are located in the south-west of France, in the south-east of Australia and in the Gourma region of the Sahel. These sites were respectively implemented in the framework of the projects SMOSREX (Surface Monitoring Of Soil Reservoir Experiment), SASMAS/GoRex (Scaling and Assimilation of Soil Moisture and Streamflow in the Goulburn River experimental catchment) and AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis). In all cases, the arrangement of the soil moisture measuring sites was specifically designed to address the validation of remotely sensed soil moisture in the context of the preparation of the SMOS (Soil Moisture an Ocean Salinity) project.


If you can't measure it, you can't control it. If you can't control it, you can't change it. If you can't change it, you can't improve it. This logic seems simple when it comes to improving the efficiency of an isolated process, but it quickly becomes complex when attempting to improve the efficiency of a complete system. For compressed air systems, the economic argument for improving efficiency is compelling - with up to 90% of the energy consumed by an electric air compressor lost as waste heat due to mechanical friction and electric motor losses [1]. There is value and opportunity to improve efficiency in a single air compressor, but to realize the greatest impact a manufacturer must address compressed air efficiency through a system wide approach. The issue becomes how to control, measure, and improve a widely complex system typical of a large multi-plant manufacturer with an assortment of compressor types and sizes, with differing air production requirements, and with assets in varying states of condition.


We have deposited YBa2Cu3O7−δ(YBCO) films with low microwave surface resistance (Rs) on 5‐cm‐diam, oxide‐buffered sapphire substrates by planar magnetron sputtering. MgO buffer layers are used on M‐plane (1010) sapphire, and R‐plane (1102) sapphire is buffered by CeO2. Rs values of 450–620 μΩ at 77 K and 10 GHz were measured across an entire 5‐cm diam YBCO film on M‐plane sapphire. For YBCO on R‐plane sapphire, Rs values at 77 K and 10 GHz were 950 μΩ for a 5‐cm‐diam wafer and 700 μΩ for 1×1 cm2 samples.


The introduction of lamivudine for the management of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection heralded a new era in the management of the disease. Until then, the only available therapy was interferon-alpha (IFN-α), which was expensive and difficult to take. It required three injections a week for four months to two years for some forms of HBV. IFN-α was able to induce a response in a small proportion of patients. In hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients, seroconversion from HBeAg to the antibody for HBe (anti-HBe) occurred in just over 30% of treated patients (1,2). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalized and HBV DNA became undetectable in serum using the insensitive assays at the time. In the anti-HBe-positive patients, the durable response of therapy was appoximately 20%, again using the insensitive solution hybridization assay for HBV DNA (3–5).


Objective:To select the optimal stimulating frequency and time at Neiguan acupoint by twisting method for improving the cerebral blood flow of MCAo Wistar rats.Methods:Male Wistar rats subjected to MCAo with suture method by Zea-Longa were divided into nine groups according to orthogonal design method and treated by acupuncture with different matches between stimulating frequency and time(1 time per second,2 times per second,3 times per second;5s,60s,180s respectively).Infracted cerebral blood flow of Wistar rats was as the assessed effecting indicator.Results:The stimulating time and frequency at Neiguan acupoint both were the main factors to improve Wistar rats′ cerebral blood flow after MCAo(P0.05),and the optimal stimulating frequency and time were 3 times per second,lasting for 60s.Conclusion:The stimulating time and frequency at Neiguan acupoint both are the main factors to improve cerebral blood flow of MCAo Wistar rats.Furthermore,the optimal match of stimulating frequency and time is objective.


With the digital transformation of businesses, digital marketing has been a prominent feature of organizations in the 21st century. Changing consumer behavior has also created a need for versatile hard and soft skills for marketing professionals. Inspired by the ongoing disruption to businesses across the world, this research focuses on employability skills in the field of e-commerce. A systematic review of the managerial research literature on digital marketing and e-commerce competencies has revealed a research gap regarding the investigation of the perceived importance of employability skills. The aim of this paper is to find out how important these skills are for future and current employees. The novelty of this study is the comparison between perceptions related to nonworking versus working young employees based on five key skill categories across 30 soft and hard skills. The study is quantitative in nature: a self-administered computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) method is used for data collection. The findings reveal that the examined skills are perceived as important from the employee point of view. In addition to exploring the perceived relevance of the employability skills categories, the study identifies differences among the skills that young workers consider important in terms of their work experience. The research results reveal significant differences by work segments in relation to soft skills, such as teamwork, stress resilience, planning, organization and time management, precision, and attention to detail.


The term uremia was coined more than 150 years ago by Piorry [1] to indicate 'urine in the blood'. It has long been known that gross contamination of body water with retained waste solutes is the chemical hallmark of the uremic syndrome. This pathophysiologic aspect of uremia has long stimulated efforts to remove retained uremic solutes by dialysis in the hopes of removing 'the uremic toxin(s)'. The first effective medical treatment of uremia by dialysis was repoted in 1944 by Kolff and Berk and coworkers [2]. They reported complete recovery from uremic coma using an extracorporeal blood dialyzer which had thick membranes capable of removing only lowmolecular-weight solutes ranging from electrolytes to glucose in size. Kolff and Berk wrote 'urea is at the utmost only partly co-responsible for the clinical symptoms of uremia, but nevertheless we chose it as a measure for the results of the dialyses. Smaller molecules will dialyze more rapidly and bigger ones less so.' This statement described with great clarity the molecular size discriminatory nature of solute removal by dialysis and the concept of using urea as a marker solute to quantify the dose of dialysis. The Kolff-Berk paper provided the first evidence after 150 years of biochemical investigations that retained low-molecular-weight solutes play a critical role in the clinical manifestations of uremia. This observation was repeatedly confirmed in the 1950s with treatment of acute renal failure and in 1960 with the advent of maintenance dialysis for end-stage renal disease [3]. The renal and dialyzer mechanisms of waste solute removal are very similar in that removal is directly proportional to solute concentration. In the steady state when the body inventory or mass of solute is constant, the generation and removal rates must be equal which can be represented by the simple mass balance expression:


Faquan Zhou (  firstname.lastname@example.com ) General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-2923 Shi Chen Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University Yiquan Xiong Chinese Evidence Base Medicine Centre, Sichuan University Xiaohui Yuan General Surgery Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Hongyu Sun General Surgery Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Lijun Tang General Surgery Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command


Ge nd er & A ID S AI DS AI DS AI DS AI DS Summary: Using the health promotion concept as a framework, this module focuses on best practice elements that contribute to making programmes successful in integrating a gender-based perspective. UNAIDS defines "best practices" as accumulated knowledge concerning strategies and activities that work or do not work, why they work or do not work and how they work. This module is a component of the UNAIDS Resource Packet on Gender & AIDS, which includes additional modules, fact sheets, and an almanac. Best Practices/Programmes that Work


The changes occurring in surface morphology during the transformation of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) are described and the surface ultrastructure of the PHA‐induced blasts is compared with that of pokeweed mitogen (PWM)‐ and rabbit anti‐β2‐microglobulin antiserum‐induced blasts. Both mitogen‐specific and non‐specific changes were observed and their possible relationship to the activation of lymphocyte subpopulations is discussed. Similar surface characteristics found in various tissue lymphoid cells are also described.


H.264/AVC is a new international standard for the compression of natural video images, in which deblocking filter has been adopted to remove blocking artifacts. The deblocking filter is either time or area consuming system component. The goal of this paper is a design of area-time efficient H.264/AVC deblocking filter suitable for application in mobile devices. Area-time tradeoff is enabled by using configurable folded bit-plane filter as a core for deblocking filter implementation. Folded filter implementation parameters are obtained in the manner of achievement of minimal area consumption, keeping in mind throughput requirement in mobile devices. Systempsilas architecture is presented in detail, as well as the architecture of folded deblocking filter. With aim to illustrate functionality and tradeoffs related to occupation of chip resources and achieved throughputs we present results of FPGA prototyping. Proposed deblocking filter requires extremely low gate count still meeting the mobile application throughput requirements.


The ability of multicasting is necessary and useful for Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs) to benefit and implement cache coherence protocols, parallel algorithms, etc. Whereas the design and implementation of high-efficient multicasting in traditional wired Network-on-Chip (NoC) is an arduous task. With the aid of wireless interconnects, not only the bandwidth and latency of NoC can be improved dramatically, but also the inherent broadcast properties of wireless signals can be adopted for multicasting. In this paper, we propose a mesh-like multicast enhancing mechanism based on wireless interconnects. Equipped with 9 wireless transceivers in a traditional 9x9 mesh NoC, this approach realizes a high efficiency, low latency group interconnection. Simulation results show the promising performance boosting of the wireless interconnection.


The purpose of study is to found out the impact of QWL and organizational culture on long-term re-employment intentions and to provide basic data on the key points that hairdressers can take long-term job opportunities to find improvements in QWL and organizational culture. The theoretical framework was prepared through the consideration of prior research and the data analysis was conducted with self-reportation survey using the SPSS 21.0 program to analyze frequency, factors, multiple regression, and reliability analysis. Human relations were shown to be related to development culture, group culture to justice, and rational culture to wealth. Since this study has been verified for hairdressers who are limited to Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, there is limit to generalizing the results of the study, so we hope that more objective and meaningful research result will be made through extensive samples of hairdressers working in various regions in the future.


Author(s): Akerib, DS; Araujo, HM; Bai, X; Bailey, AJ; Balajthy, J; Bernard, E; Bernstein, A; Bradley, A; Byram, D; Cahn, SB; Carmona-Benitez, MC; Chan, C; Chapman, JJ; Chiller, AA; Chiller, C; Coffey, T; Currie, A; De Viveiros, L; Dobi, A; Dobson, J; Druszkiewicz, E; Edwards, B; Faham, CH; Fiorucci, S; Flores, C; Gaitskell, RJ; Gehman, VM; Ghag, C; Gibson, KR; Gilchriese, MGD; Hall, C; Hertel, SA; Horn, M; Huang, DQ; Ihm, M; Jacobsen, RG; Kazkaz, K; Knoche, R; Larsen, NA; Lee, C; Lenardo, B; Lesko, KT; Lindote, A; Lopes, MI; Malling, DC; Man-Nino, R; McKinsey, DN; Mei, DM; Mock, J; Moongweluwan, M; Morad, J; Murphy, ASJ; Nehrkorn, C; Nelson, H; Neves, F; Ott, RA; Pangilinan, M; Parker, PD; Pease, EK; Pech, K; Phelps, P; Reichhart, L; Shutt, T; Silva, C; Solovov, VN; Sorensen, P; O'Sullivan, K; Sumner, TJ; Szydagis, M; Tay-Lor, D; Tennyson, B; Tiedt, DR; Tripathi, M; Uvarov, S; Verbus, JR; Walsh, N; Webb, R; White, JT; Witherell, MS; Wolfs, FLH; Woods, M; Zhang, C | Abstract: The search for dark matter reaches back generations and remains one of the most compelling endeavors in the hunt for physics beyond the Standard Model. Experiments attempting to directly detect WIMP dark matter have made re-markable progress in increasing sensitivity to elastic scattering of WIMPs on nuclei. The LUX experiment is a 370-kg, two-phase, xenon TPC currently running at SURF, 4850 feet below Lead, SD. LUX recently completed its first science run and was sensitive to spin independent WIMP scattering at cross sections below 10-45 cm2 for WIMP masses of approximately 20 to 80 GeV. Preparations for the final science run of LUX are currently underway, with final results expected in 2015. We will present results from and current status of the LUX experiment, as well as plans for a follow-on, multi-ton-scale xenon experiment at SURF.


The ultrastructural and cytochemical features of human peripheral blood TG cells (T cells with receptors for IgG) and of the cells of the so‐called third population (non‐T, non‐B cells with high avidity receptors for IgG) have been investigated and compared. Both TG and third‐population cells (TPC) contained acid hydrolases with a paranuclear localization of α‐naphthyl acid esterase, β‐glucuronidase or acid phosphatase. At the electron microscopy level, TG and TPC were indistinguishable and displayed rough cell surface, indented nuclei, abundant cytoplasm with predominance of the smooth over the rough membranes and peroxidase‐negative granules. A large proportion of cells of the TPC could form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes after treatment with neuraminidase. The observed close similarities between TG and TPC may suggest that both cell types belong to a special subset of T cells. However, the alternative hypothesis that both TG and TPC are part of a subset unrelated to T cells, such as a new non‐T, non‐B cell population, or even of the monocytic‐macrophage lineage, is also discussed.


The aim of the present study is to estimates the economic value of household work done by fulltime home makers, using alternative methods of valuation household work in Pusan Korea. Eight findings, five different methods -Self Estimation by Home Makers, Reservation Wage, Opportunity Cost, Individual...


Based on the average daily temperature of 4 meteorological observatories in Urumqi from 1959 to 2018, four seasons in different areas of Urumqi City were analyzed according to Four-Season Division Standard in Xinjiang and the 5d Moving Average Method. The analysis results showed that four seasons were obvious in Midong District, the urban area, and Dabancheng Town area, while the middle part of Nanshan Mountain saw only spring and winter. The starting date of spring was in an early trend in Dabancheng Town area, so did the summer start date in Midong District and Town area, while the start date of autumn in Midong District showed a trend of postponement, so did the winter start date in Midong District and Dabancheng Town area. The number of spring days in Midong District decreased, while the number of summer days in Midong District and Dabancheng Town area increased. The number of autumn days in the urban area increased, while the number of winter days in Midong District and Dabancheng Town area decreased.


Dear Authors and Readers, It is a great pleasure for me to write this foreword for Autex 2018, 18th World Textile Conference, held in Istanbul, Turkey between 20-22 June 2018. Autex Conference brings together academicians, researchers, industry professionals, experts in textile field from all over the world and makes a significant contribution to realization of Autex objectives. It is a great honour for Istanbul Technical University, Textile Technologies and Design Faculty, to host this organization, which is one of the most important events in the field of textiles. The papers presented in the conference contributed to the knowledge and novelty in textile science in the sessions of Protective Textiles, Innovative Functional Textiles, Ecological and Environmental Textiles, Recycling and Life Cycle Analysis, Surface Functionalization and Coating, Smart, Interactive and Multifunctional Textiles, Technical Textiles, Composites and Membranes, Nanotechnology, Nanotextiles, Electrospinning, Textile and Clothing Machinery, Comfort Science, Modelling and Simulation, Fashion - Garment Industry and Marketing, Textile Testing, Measuring Technology, Fashion - Design and Garment Industry, Textile Economy, Textile Supply Chain Management, Advanced Fibers and Materials. Medical Textiles. Tissue Engineering, Implants, Textile Processing, Advanced Fibres and Materials, Modern Textile Education and Training, Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Fashion, Garment Industry, Simulation & Modeling. Seven plenary speakers made presentations in addition to the contributed papers. I deeply hope the proceedings included in this book will conribute as a reference book for novel studies and research. Prof. Dr. Fatma Kalaoğlu Conference Chair


There are four different legal discourses arising from the economic crisis concerning: i) a "matter of principle" and especially the problem of democracy and the subsequent quest for legitimacy and accountability; ii) values and rights at the level of social and intergenerational justice; iii) different institutional architectures and strategies from a comparative law approach and iv) the techniques of global governance and of European integration. Therefore, the current crisis is changing both Public Law and Public Law Scholarship and represents an opportunity of intellectual refreshment and cultural innovation based on the interdisciplinarity between law, political science and economics.


T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is an aggressive neoplasm due to high rates of organ infiltration and relapse, which are major obstacles for curing the disease. Infiltration of T‐ALL cells requires extravasation, a migratory process highly dependent on actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Cortactin is an actin‐binding protein that regulates actin remodeling and thus cell migration. High expression of cortactin is associated with invasiveness in several types of solid tumors, and recently, expression of cortactin in adult B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia was correlated with negative prognostic factors. However, it is unknown whether cortactin plays a role in T‐ALL biology. Here, we analyzed cortactin expression in the murine and human T‐ALL cell lines 6645/4 and Jurkat, and cortactin functions using different in vitro and in vivo methods such as transendothelial migration, bone marrow (BM) colonization and xenotransplantation assays. Compared to normal T cells, leukemic T cells expressed significantly higher levels not only of cortactin but also of the integrin VLA‐4 and CXCR4, the receptor for the T cell chemokine CXCL12, which are both required for T cell extravasation. Leukemic T cells transmigrated significantly more, and cortactin levels were significantly higher in cells capable of transmigrating across endothelial monolayers towards CXCL12. Of note, only leukemic T cells with highest cortactin levels were capable of invading BM‐like organoids. Preliminary in vivo assays showed that leukemic T cells had different levels of cortactin depending on the infiltrated organ. Surprisingly, once leukemic T cells completed infiltration they diminished cortactin expression suggesting that cortactin is needed for initial organ invasion, but not for subsequent functions. Taken together, our results highlight an important role of cortactin in T‐ALL infiltration; and contribute to a better understanding of T‐ALL aggressiveness. Thus, cortactin may be a potential pharmacological target to prevent T‐ALL organ infiltration.


The following statement should have appeared under figures 1 and 2, but was accidentally omitted from the final version of our paper: 'Background map. All rights reserved. HPA 100016969 (2010).'


The possible electronic states and their reasonable dissociation limits for CN are determined based on the atomic and molecular reaction statics.The energy,equilibrium geometry and harmonic frequency of the ground state X2∑+ have been calculated.Using density functional theory(B3LYP) method and CI theory (QCISD,QCISD(T)) and at the basis sets of D95(d),6-311G* and 6-311+G*,the whole potential curves for the ground state and scanned using QCISD/6-311+G* are obtained,and then have a least square fitted to Murrell-Sorbie function.Finally spectroscopy constants(Be,αe,ωe,and ωeχe) are calculated,which are in good agreement with the experimental data.


Marriage phenomena have close relationship with the development of society.It is a special angle to comprehend a society because it can reflect politics,law,ideology and tradition of a country.It is a historical changing era of Rome from Republic to Empire,during which cohabitation appeared,women marriage status advanced,divorce and remarriage prevailed,marriage was affected by politics and economy,and marriage law gradually perfected and so on.Exploring marriage phenomena would therefore provide a better understanding of Roman history.


The title compound, [Au2(C27H26P2)2][NiCl4]·C4H10O, consists of a digold(I) complex cation, an [NiCl4]2− complex anion and a diethyl ether solvent molecule. Two 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)propane (dppp) ligands bridge two AuI atoms, forming a metallacycle in which each of the AuI atoms is coordinated in a slightly distorted linear environment by two P atoms. In the complex anion, the NiII atom is coordinated by four chloride ligands in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. The complex cation and the complex anion form a cation–anion pair through two Au⋯Cl contacts of 3.040 (1) and 3.021 (2) Å. One of the phenyl groups of the dppp ligand is disordered over two positions with equal occupancies.


This paper analyzes the linguistic phenomenon of nominalization in science English,which has various functions.It makes a sentence more concise,objective,and it plays a vital role in cohesion of the text.A good study of nominalization can help learners understand scientific texts and improve their quality of reading and translation.


With the drying process of sludge wafer to simulate the drying process of dispersed sludge,the influence of drying gas speed and temperature on sludge drying rate and the morphology changes was investigated.Gas release characteristics have been studied by using TG-FTIR in sludge drying process(35-700 ℃).The results show that: The drying rate of free water is different from the ones of interstitial water and adsorbed water in the drying process.The drying rate increased with the raising of drying temperature and hot air velocity.The volumetric systole is primarily due to the evaporation of free water,the presence of viscous zone is due to drying rate suddenly changed caused by the evaporation of the free water is complete.It release gas mainly of water,carbon dioxide,ammonia,volatile fatty acid and heptane,the temperature range of 273.75-333.76 ℃ is the area of maximum weight loss rate.The emission of VFA is maximum at 273.75 ℃,and heptane at 333.76 ℃.


Abstract A flexible method is introduced to model the structure of a covariance matrix C and study the dependence of the covariances on explanatory variables by observing that for any real symmetric matrix A, the matrix exponential transformation, C = exp (A), is a positive definite matrix. Because there is no constraint on the possible values of the upper triangular elements on A, any possible structure of interest can be imposed on them. The method presented here is not intended to replace the existing special models available for a covariance matrix, but rather to provide a broad range of further structures that supplements existing methodology. Maximum likelihood estimation procedures are used to estimate the parameters, and the large-sample asymptotic properties are obtained. A simulation study and two real-life examples are given to illustrate the method introduced.


In view of the widespread prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies, there is a
need to evolve food-based strategies to enhance their bioavailability from
predominantly vegetarian diets. Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA), a known
metal chelator, has been previously found to enhance the bioaccessibility of iron and
zinc from fortified millet flours. The present investigation was undertaken to examine
the effect of EDTA on the bioaccessibility of iron and zinc from germinated, fermented
and malted food grains. EDTA was added to the processed foods at molar ratios of
1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2, relative to inherent iron and zinc content. EDTA significantly
enhanced the bioaccessibility of iron from all the processed foods examined, this
beneficial effect being highly significant in the germinated and malted grains and
significantly higher than the effect of the processing method per se. In the fermented
foods, the effect of EDTA was to a lesser extent, except in the case of dhokla, where it
was significant. EDTA significantly increased the bioaccessibility of zinc from malted
grains, but this increase was only marginal in germinated and fermented grains.
Germinated and fermented foods are a common part of Indian diets and are widely
consumed, while malted grains find use in the preparation of weaning and geriatric
foods. The results of this investigation have shown that EDTA could be used as an
enhancer of bioaccessibility of iron and zinc from such traditionally processed foods.
This strategy could also be adopted at the household level to improve mineral
bioavailability from foods.


Energy efficiency is today becoming more and more important due to increasing
energy prices and a higher awareness of climate changes. This project focus is on
the fish processing industry as it is energy intensive and has large potential for improvements.
The study focus is on improving the efficiency of a specific plant where
the refrigeration system was designed around 1999 and is fairly typical in the industry.
The study also evaluates if thermal energy storage can be used in combination
with model predictive control to take advantage of the variations in electricity prices.
The existing system is evaluated through study visits to the site and interviews with
its personnel, as well as visits and comparison to other refrigeration plants in Sweden.
A thorough literature study is also done to gain knowledge about refrigeration
technology, control and fish processing. After this the requirements of the industry
are specified and possible technological solutions are evaluated. Finally a redesigned
system is created and evaluated.
The redesigned system yields savings of 40% compared to the reference plant by utilising
a thermal energy storage and model predictive control to run the compressors
optimally as well as constructing a cascade system instead of the former ammonia
system to improve the efficiency of the compressors. The study does however not
show any large savings through the use of medium size thermal energy storage to
counter the variations in electricity prices.


We examine the problems with automated recommendation systems when information about user preferences is limited. We equate the problem to one of content similarity measurement and apply techniques from Natural Language Processing to the domain of movie recommendation. We describe two algorithms, a naïve word-space approach and a more sophisticated approach using topic signatures, and evaluate their performance compared to baseline, gold standard, and commercial systems.


We consider physical principles of realizing the Bragg regime of two- and three-fold scattering of light in optically anisotropic crystals in specially elaborated cases, when direct transitions between all the orders of scattering are allowed and, moreover, the probabilities of these transitions can be controlled. The exact and closed analytical models for describing these cases are developed. The performed analysis reveals an optical nonlinearity governed by an external electronic signal, and computer simulations illustrate the obtained results. Possible applications lie in the fields of controlling light with light and all-optical logic-based switching. Here, in particular, all-optical multi-bit digital registers are presented.


Background/aim: Pancreatic cystic lesions are increasingly diagnosed from cross-sectional imaging done for other indications. The challenge lies in the ability to correctly identify the high-risk individuals for resection surgery, which carries high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, present diagnostic techniques are suboptimal. Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) has been designed to bridge this diagnostic gap. We aim to assess the feasibility and safety of nCLE in the assessment of pancreatic cystic lesions. Methods: We prospectively recruited patients referred for assessment of pancreatic cystic lesions from August 2014 until July 2015. All pancreatic cystic lesions were examined with nCLE miniprobe via endoscopic ultrasound followed by fine-needle aspiration. Information regarding the cysts (morphology, location, fluid analysis etc.) was documented. Adverse event was recorded. Results: Fourteen patients were recruited, six were male with a mean age of 66.5 (range 48–80) years. Only 12 completed nCLE examination of the pancreatic cystic lesions. nCLE imaging was successful in 83.3% (10/12). Average nCLE imaging duration was 5 min 18 s. There was one (10%) adverse event. nCLE impressions were correct in eight cases (five malignant and three benign) compared with final diagnosis. Three patients underwent surgery, histology showed ductal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and gastric-subtype of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. The sensitivity and specificity of the nCLE impression when compared with final diagnosis were 83.3% and 75% respectively. The accuracy of nCLE was 80%. Conclusion: Our results have demonstrated that nCLE assessment of pancreatic cystic lesions is safe and feasible. It may complement the existing diagnostic modalities to improve diagnostic yield.


Nowadays, the domestic mobile digital library services are facing the problems of high similarity, lacking innovation and inconvenience. In this paper we put forward and develop a mobile library application for smart phones. Based on the traditional library services, we take the users' personal preferences into consideration to provide better book recommendations and novel reading services, thus making the most of the resources of library and promoting the development of library's digitalization.


Let A be an artin algebra or, more generally, a locally bounded associative algebra, and S(Λ) the category of all embeddings (A C B) where B is a finitely generated A-module and A is a submodule of B. Then S(Λ) is an exact Krull-Schmidt category which has Auslander-Reiten sequences. In this manuscript we show that the Auslander-Reiten translation in S(Λ) can be computed within mod A by using our construction of minimal monomorphisms. If in addition A is uniserial, then any indecomposable nonprojective object in S(Λ) is invariant under the sixth power of the Auslander-Reiten translation.


Obesity is known to induce a deterioration of insulin sensitivity (SI), one of the insulin‐dependent components of glucose tolerance. However, few studies investigated whether obesity affects also the insulin‐independent component, that is glucose effectiveness (SG). This cross‐sectional study aimed to analyse SG and its components in different body mass index (BMI) categories.


The — Optical traps use tightly focused laser light to ma-nipulate microscopic particles and have applications in nanofabrication, character-izing DNA, and in vitro fertilization [1]. We will describe the design, construction, and characterization of an optical trap that is capable of trapping and imaging 3 µ m polystyrene spheres using a 12 mW HeNe laser. The design was based on previous work [2,3] describing how to build affordable optical traps. We will discuss trapping forces and their calibration.


Influence of Zeazine herbicide on different tissues during acute, subacute, and chronic stages was examined, when sublethal doses not exceeding the quantity usually used were applied. Structural changes of lung tissue, specially in short and medium interval resulted, comprising circulatory, and partially regressive changes on alveolocapillary membrane level with special tendency to multiplication of collagenous tissue in the long-term stage, without any tendency to chronical lesion and change of the function.