Abstract Removal ofthe chorion from fish eggs facilitates observation ofpiscine embryogenesis and allows efficient microinjection during gene transfer protocols. Several treatments were screened to evaluate their effectiveness in removing the chorion from newly fertilized eggs of goldfish Carassius auratus, walleye Stizostedion vitreum, and northern pike Esox lucius without destroying egg viability. Goldfish eggs dechorionated in 2.5 mg/mL trypsin showed excellent viability. No effective procedure for dechorionation of walleye eggs was found. Northern pike eggs could be dechorionated in 0.6 mg/mL protease type XXV, but mortalities above 50% were commonly observed.


Pot experiment was conducted to study phytoremediation of Lolium perenne L.to heavy metal contaminated sewage river sediment.Results showed the total heavy metal concentration in soils after planting decreased and the plant had high accumulation ability to the heavy metal in the sediment and the shoot of the plant could accumulate greater amounts of Cu,Cd,Ni and Pb than the root.The greatest amount of heavy metal-Cu in the shoot of Lolium perenne L.was 309.66 mg/kg,higher than that in the root for 171.40 mg/kg. The accumulated amounts of heavy metals in shoot had more direct relation with ion exchangeable heavy metal amount.The results showed the promoted growth of the root microorganism and activities of catalase had improved the quality and activation of the sewage river sediment.


Many everyday engineering applications of polymers depend on their structure-property relationship, which strongly influences polymer processability. In order to obtain a satisfactory understanding of polymers' behavior their structure should be investigated and correlated with their properties. That is particularly in the case of complicated polymer systems, e.g. block copolymers, polymer blends or compatibilized polymer blends, very difficult and time-consuming procedure. In the present study we have shown how investigations of rheological properties can be used directly for predicting the structure of polymer blends. In spite of the fact that polymer blends are thermo-rheologicaly complex materials, master curves of the mechanical response were constructed. It was shown that mechanical spectroscopy might be used as a supplementary tool for predicting structure, even in such complicated polymer systems as polymer blends.


Microstructures apparatus, comprising: a substrate and a plurality of microelements fixed on a first surface of said substrate; said plurality of microelements being of predetermined sizes and shapes to scrape a substantially predetermined quantity of skin cells from skin when said microstructure apparatus is placed upon said skin and moved in at least one predetermined direction; and said plurality of spaced apart on said substrate at predetermined locations to remove a large majority of said scraped skin cells when said apparatus microstructures is withdrawn from said skin distances microelements being, wherein said plurality of microelements have a length and shape that tend to scrape skin cells to release without completely penetrate through a stratum corneum layer of said skin, and wherein the shape of said plurality of microelements is directional, such that said step of rubbing is performed in at least one direction predetermined to facilitate the scraping of the skin cells.


The search for literary structure in the Epistle of James has been laborious and elusive. Some biblical scholars suggest that it is impossible to produce any reasonable outline of James because there is no relationship among the "unconnected sayings" that make it up. This study argues that James uses binary opposition to structure a coherent teaching on what it means to be a maturing Christian.


Water infiltration rates into soils after 30 min in shrub canopy areas and in shortgrass interspaces on the Rolling Plains were similar across grazing treatments of heavy and moderate stocking, continuous grazing; rested and grazed deferred-rotation; rested and grazed high intensity, low frequency (HILF); and two livestock exclosures which had been grazed for 20 years. The mid-grass interspace infiltration rates for the deferred-rotation treatments approached rates in the exclosures and exceeded rates in the heavily stocked, continuously grazed, and grazed HILF pastures. Infiltration rates in the HILF grazing treatments were similar to those of the heavily stocked, continuously and moderately stocked continuously grazed pastures. Infiltration rates in the rested HILF pasture were similar to those of the deferred-rotation pastures; however, the grazed HILF pasture had rates lower than the deferred-rotation pasture rates or rates of the exclosures. Aggregate stability, organic matter content, mulch, standing crop, bulk density, and ground cover significantly influenced infiltration rates. The authors are presently assistant professor of watershed management, Department of Animal and Range Sciences and Range Improvement Task Force, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 and professor of watershed management, Range Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843. This report is published with approval of the Director, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station as TA15674. The authors wish to acknowledge the cooperation of personnel from the Texas Experimental Ranch, Seymour. Manuscript received December 3, 1979. JOURNAL OF RANGE MANAGEMENT 34(4), July 1981 Water infiltration, the downward entry of water into the soil surface, is one of the most important processes of the hydrologic cycle and is of critical importance to every range manager (Johnson 1978). Infiltration rates influence soil water content, which satisfies the evapotranspiration requirements of growing plants; and water acts as a solvent for dissolved nutrients. Infiltration rates are controlled by vegetative, edaphic, climatic, and topographic influences, of which vegetation can be most easily manipulated by range managers. Kind of vegetation and amount of cover may modify soil-water relationship of a site. Grazing systems are often used to improve vegetational cover and hopefully improve infiltration rates. Hydrologic impacts, including infiltration rates, of grazing and range improvement practices on rangeland have long been of interest to range managers and scientists. In many areas, grazing systems are partially justified by claims of improved watershed conditions. However, generalization of results from soil types and grazing conditions have caused conflicting conclusions. Many vegetation factors, including plant and litter cover (Beutner et al. 1940, Aldon 1964, Kincaid and Williams 1966), influence infiltration rates. The amount of standing vegetation was an important influence in studies by Rauzi (1960) and McGinty et al. (1979), and infiltration rates have varied in some studies because of the vegetation type (Blackburn and Skau 1974, Smith and Leopold 1941, Box 1961, Branson et al. 1970, and Blackburn and Skau 1974). Dee et al. (1966) found infiltration rates to vary with successional stage on the same site.


Volatile organic sulfur compounds from an Atlantic Meridional Transect of the RRS James Clark Ros are presented together with optical data and upper ocean chlorophyl data. The latitudinal distribution of DMS and CH3SH is consistent with a biological source with low values in oligotrophic areas and high values in coastal regions. The DMS/CH3SH ratio shows systematic variation between oligotrophic and coastal areas and seems to correlate inversely with absorbance and fluorescence of colored dissolved organic matter. The latitudinal distribution of COS and CS2 conform with existing models based on known sources and sinks of these compounds. A system of photochemical provinces is developed for these compounds based on a previously published scheme. An estimate of the global distribution of these provinces is made based on data archives and remotely sensed data.


OBJECTIVE To discuss the reasons and treatment methods for bile peritonitis after removal of T tubes. METHODS The clinical data about 22 cases of bile peritonitis after removal of T tubes were analysed. RESULTS Twenty patients were cured after conservative treatment, yet two patients were cured by laparotomy. CONCLUSIONS Bile peritonitis after removal of T tubes is relative to the material of T tubes, Most patients can be cured after conservative treatment.


The work is devoted to the study of the problem of youth employment on the example of the labor market of Nizhny Novgorod. Purpose of the study: identification of critical points of inconsistency in the perception of effective interaction in the labor market between employers and young professionals. To solve this problem, an empirical study was carried out, which included a survey of university students to assess their employment prospects, as well as a series of expert interviews with representatives of HR departments of commercial companies about the goals and value of hiring young specialists. The results of the study revealed a number of factors complicating the process of employment of young specialists: the discrepancy between their expectations and the requirements of employers, the lack of tools for effective job search, self-presentation skills at different stages of employment, an insufficient level of development of professional competencies, as well as a lack of experience interactions in a corporate format. Within the framework of the study, it was found that a key contradiction begins to form at the stage of partnership interaction between a higher educational institution, a student and an employer, even in the process of professional training of a specialist. Employers confirm their readiness to include student youth in the process of updating the professional experience. However, there is little interest in the participation of students in internship programs offered by employers, since the factor of financial well-being in the present is of paramount importance for students, as opposed to the ability to form a competitive advantage for employment in the future.


indicate that the content of a speech accounts for 7%, voice accounts for 38%, and body language (nonverbal) takes 55% of overall success of a speech. While the authors questioned this finding, they note that delivery (voice) is a significant component in evaluating and determining an effective speech. A well-structured and thoughtfully crafted speech should be powerfully delivered in order to convey its meaning and have an impact on the audience. As Gabrielsen and Christiansen note, while Roman rhetoricians substantiated the role of delivery in presentations, eloquence or a persuasive delivery should be a combination of a well-coordinated body language (nonverbal) and articulation (voice). Other factors that account for a good presentation include the speaker's posture, stage use, gestures, and facial expression (eyes and smile). In recent years, communications scholars and practitioners have measured the ability of mastering pubic speaking as an index of adequate academic and professional preparation. Effective public speaking or rhetorical capability is an essential skill needed to compete in contemporary workplaces as well as in social and political contexts. The Power of Speech is informative, instructive, and provides practical guidelines for developing and mastering public speaking. The authors support their argument with an analytical framework, including qualitative research as well as experience and illustrations. I highly recommend The Power of Speech to undergraduate, graduate, and professional students in the United States and overseas—in short, anywhere where success in the workplace involves communication skills.


Building on the first author's hybrid/augmented violin practice and the second author's work with responsive media environments, we build and reflect on collectively-played room-scale instruments that afford the precision and nuance of an individually-played real-time gestural media system. We consider gestural instruments designed for the interplay of action and perception at the sensorimotor level bypassing tokenization of features of activity and sensors. Our gesturally-modulated media instruments are based not on models or a priori schemata but driven by continuous adaptation to contingent activity and state of the event, as well as compositional intent. We think of such performable, expressive systems as instruments of articulation rather than of representation. Our work is motivated by a progression from phenomenological interpretations of individually-played instruments through non-anthropocentric notions of lived experience, to ecosystemic approaches to ensembles of real-time instruments, people and processes concurrently co-articulating an event.


All-diamond probes with an integrated tip were fabricated by means of a proximity lithography process and hot-filament chemical vapor deposition of polycrystalline diamond. Fabrication relies on the separate definition of the vertical and lateral cantilever probe geometries in two successive process steps. This process scheme offers the capability to adapt the mechanical properties of cantilever probes, e.g., the momentum of inertia of the cantilever beam, i.e., its compliance and resonance frequency, and the inclination angle of the tip with respect to the sample surface. Atomic force microscopy investigations of a SrTiO3 calibration sample demonstrate the application potential of these probes.


We report the case of a 15-year-old girl, who attended to a Mental Health Center in 2010 with emotional instability and overflow, self-injurious behavior, social isolation and occasional cannabis consumption. Symptoms arise in the context of family problems and parents' separation. The need to report this case is due to the importance of rebuilding the patient ́s clinical history as well as the family history, in order to establish hypotheses from a relational perspective. The patient is part of a family in which both physical and psychological violence have been passed through generations as a strategy of conflict resolution, where the experiences of abandonment and vulnerability are repeated, thus generating a large family suffering. Therefore, after presenting and constructing hypotheses on this case, follows a reflection on the borderline personality in adolescence, and the possibilities of recovery throughout the therapeutic process.


Magnetic remanent states in a self-supporting 25-nm-thick magnetite (001) film containing antiphase domain boundaries (APB's) are investigated using off-axis electron holography in the transmission electron microscope. The observed magnetic microstructure is highly complicated and contains both domain walls and finer-scale magnetic variations. This complexity is attributed in part to a competition between exchange coupling across APB's and the demagnetizing energy of the thin film. Local variations in both the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the magnetic induction in the film are correlated with the positions of the APB's.


Mitral valve having a double orifice opening into the left ventricle is an uncommon anomaly, In this case study we describe about a 25 years old female who came to cardiology outpatient block with exertional dysnea , the abnormality was suspected by a murmur ,further investigation Colour Doppler echocardiography showed congenital double-orifice mitral valve. This finding was confirmed by open heart surgery, and her mitral valve was successfully repaired. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i1.17442 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 13 No. 01 January2014: 80-83


This article explores the idea of a university with a specific focus in the Malaysian context. We begin the article guided by these questions—"What is a university?" and "What are universities for?"—in examining the historical and conceptual development of universities. This is followed by asking a more specific question—"What are Malaysian universities for?"—in which we discussed the overarching roles of public and private universities in this developing country. Having examined the roles of public and private universities, and taken into context the complexity and challenges surrounding these important societal institutions, we discuss two "experimental" initiatives in Malaysia: the APEX University (Accelerated Program for Excellence) focusing on sustainability and the "humanversity". On the one hand, these initiatives are intended to prepare and transform Malaysian universities to address not only the needs of society today, but critically, of tomorrow. On the other hand, they have implications and contributions to frame our thinking about the future ideas of a university not only in Malaysia, but regionally and globally.


ABSTRACT Anaerobic bacterial infections are a common problem in reptiles. This study examined pharmacokinetics of metronidazole, a drug used to treat anerobic infections, in wild-caught, yellow rat snakes, Elaphe obsoleta quadrivitatta. A preliminary trial evaluated 20 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg doses, each dose given orally to two rat snakes. Snakes were bled by cardiocentesis at 0, 4, 8, 11.5, and 23 hr. Plasma metronidazole levels were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and indicated that the 20 mg/kg dose produced peak metronidazole levels above the 2 - 4 μg/ml reported minimum inhibitory concentrations for most anaerobic bacterial pathogens in mammals. Steady state pharmacokinetics were then evaluated in five snakes. The snakes were given six doses of metronidazole, 20 mg/kg PO q 48 hr. Snakes were bled by cardiocentesis prior to treatment and at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hr after the initial and sixth treatment and at 74 hr following the sixth treatment. The predicted times of maximum metroni...


: Mature females of the Chesapeake Bay (USA) blue crab Callinectes sapidus population mate multiple times. Microsatellite DNA analysis of sperm stored in the spermathecae has shown that virtually all (~97%, 104 out of 107) females collected in a 2009−2010 study mated with at least 2 males. Enumeration of stored sperm revealed that despite multiple mating, some females did not have enough sperm to fulfill their lifetime reproductive potential, suggesting that female blue crabs may experience varying levels of sperm limitation. This could result from multiple factors. The average body size of males in the population has decreased, which reduces the amount of sperm that can be produced at a given time. The highly female-biased sex ratio of the population means that more females must be successfully mated per male than historically, placing greater demand on present-day males. Both of these factors are likely to have resulted from fishing mortality and sex-based management of the population. While much attention has been given to the management of female blue crabs, it is imperative to assess these organisms as a reproductive population in order to assure the continued health and maintenance of this ecologically important species.


This article proposes that reading Genesis 18-19, the announcement of Isaac's birth and the destruction of Sodom, as a cohesive narrative unit (and as a reversal of Gen. 13) reveals a deep structure of symmetry, opposition, and closure. Between counterpointed righteous birth and destroyed wickedness, opposed constructs move in opposite movement in dynamic synchrony and transformation. As the messengers of birth destroy Sodom, the aged barren Sarah becomes young and fertile while the fertile Sodom turns to ash and salt. Transacted opposition is established in the narrative's deep structure or at the linguistic level of literary association in similar and contrasted motifs, words, phrases, and word-play.


This paper analyses local load on railway steel plate giders in the action of wheel pressures with finite element method and then studied the influence of local load on the ultimate state of steel plate girders according to elastic theory, and offers proposals for the design of railway steel plate girders.


Despite the existence of law schools in Kenya, there has been a low uptake of clinical legal education generally and the setting up of law clinics in particular. Given the critical role that law clinics play in clinical legal education, the lack of well-established law clinics has negative implications of clinical legal education as well as the role that law schools, through law clinics, play in promoting access to justice. While the various law schools in Kenya undertake various activities that ideally fall under a law clinic, there has been a lack of institutionalization of law clinics. This has in turn limited the scope end effectiveness of the law clinics both in terms of their efforts to promote access to justice and clinical legal education. The paper argues that in order for this to be rectified, there is need to institutionalise law clinics within the various law schools in the country. Only then will they be more effective in promoting access to justice as well as clinical legal education.


This special section of American Antiquity contains 9 papers that address the organization of production in Chaco Canyon during the height of the "Chaco Phenomenon," a regional system that covered the northern part of the American Southwest between A.D. 900 and 1150. These papers are part of an effort to synthesize the National Park Service's Chaco Project, a large-scale research project undertaken during the 1970s and early 1980s. Our introductory paper provides a brief history of research in Chaco Canyon, an overview of the Chaco phenomenon, a summary of the Chaco synthesis project, and a synopsis of the other papers. The first four papers in this issue were written by experts on prehistoric economic systems who developed models of the operation of production and distribution in Chaco Canyon. The following four papers, by Chaco scholars, use data from the Chaco Project to evaluate the models presented in the initial papers. There is general agreement that Chaco was a place where people from the surrounding region gathered for participation in communal ceremonial events, including the building of the most striking element of the Chaco phenomenon--great houses. Production is seen as household-based, serving to finance these communal gatherings.


2-Isopropyl-1,3-benzodioxolane was synthesized from catechol and isobutyric aldehyric using the phosphotungstic acid supported on activated carbon as catalyst.The effects of ratio of reactants,supported quantity and amount of catalyst and amount of dehydratiing agent were investigated by the orthogonal test.The results showed that the optimum condensation conditions are as follows:catechol:isobulyric aldehyde:catalyst:dehydrating agent is 1mol:1.5mol:10g:200mL.Supported quantity of catalyst is 23.6%,reaction temperature is reflux temperature;reaction time is about 4h.The yield can reach 90.8% under the optimum conditions and the catalyst can be used repeatedly.


Oxygen uptake by lipolytic fungi on arachis oil is in the order Aspergillus flavus (brown) > A. niger > Rhizopus arrhizus > Rh. cohnii > A. flavus (green). Respiration is stimulated by low concentrations of benzoic acid, hydroxybenzoates and phenol, but with higher concentrations it is inhibited. Concentrations which give relatively low oxygen uptake are also fungistatic. The factors governing partitioning in oil‐water systems are used to calculate the inhibitory concentration of benzoic acid in the aqueous phase.


Slow off‐rate modified aptamer (SOMAmer) reagents were generated to several Staphylococcus aureus cell surface‐associated proteins via SELEX with multiple modified DNA libraries using purified recombinant or native proteins. High‐affinity binding agents with sub‐nanomolar Kd's were obtained for staphylococcal protein A (SpA), clumping factors (ClfA, ClfB), fibronectin‐binding proteins (FnbA, FnbB) and iron‐regulated surface determinants (Isd). Further screening revealed several SOMAmers that specifically bound to Staph. aureus cells from all strains that were tested, but not to other staphylococci or other bacteria. SpA and ClfA SOMAmers proved useful for the selective capture and enrichment of Staph. aureus cells, as shown by culture and PCR, leading to improved limits of detection and efficient removal of PCR inhibitors. Detection of Staph. aureus cells was enhanced by several orders of magnitude when the bacterial cell surface was coated with SOMAmers followed by qPCR of the SOMAmers. Furthermore, fluorescence‐labelled SpA SOMAmers demonstrated their utility as direct detection agents in flow cytometry.


This paper introduces an example of energy saving in refrigerators,in which the intelligent controller is used to reform the constant temperature devices.


Addressing is a widely used language form which reflects a social main culture,value orientation and national customs.From the perspective of addressing,two kinds of dynamic changes of cultures are discovered and two countries' cultural evolution and development are realized.Compared with formal and informal addressing,salutation,relative addressing,the trends of two cultures' internationalization,de-politicization and returning to tradition.


ABSTRACT Electromagnetic wave propagates abnormally under atmospheric duct conditions. It is very important to study the influence of atmospheric duct on the radio propagation of the shipborne automatic identification system (AIS). AIS is a maritime navigation safety communication system that operates in the very high frequency (VHF) maritime mobile band and was developed primarily for collision avoidance. When AIS signals propagating in the atmospheric duct, the trapping effect can extend the signal range beyond the line-of-sight. In this work, the transmission of AIS signals under atmospheric duct conditions is modelled using the parabolic equation method. The simulation results demonstrate that both standard surface duct and surface-based duct can extend the detection range of AIS, whereas surface-based duct shows higher trapping capabilities over the standard surface duct. The results can be implemented to improve maritime situation awareness.


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In this paper, the recent advances of our studies on RTN are presented from device, circuit, and EDA perspectives. RTN characteristics in FinFETs are investigated and compared with planar devices. The AC RTN effect is discussed for understanding RTN impacts in practical circuit applications. Then, a new and efficient circuit simulation platform for RTN is presented for the first time, which has been implemented in HSPICE using OMI/TMI. In addition, some open questions related to RTN are discussed with outlooks.


Introduction: The herbicide 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most widely used pesticides in the world. There is evidence that this herbicide can induce deleterious effects in non-target organisms, including impairment of reproduction function. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive effects ofthe chronic consumption of contaminated feed with 2,4-D in rats using food environmental spraying simulation. Methods: Animals orally exposed received nebulized chow with 2,4-D solution in different concentrations for 180 days: 0 (control - CG), 20.69 (LCG), 34.63 (MCG), or 51.66 ppm day−1 (HCG). Results: Sperm quality was impaired to 2,4-D. The percentage of sperm with progressive movement, number of sperm in the testis and daily sperm production were decreased in all exposed groups to the herbicide compared to CG. Sperm counts in thecaput/corpus and cauda epididymis were reduced in MCG and HCG, and sperm transit time was delayed in the epididymis of LCG. There was a negative impact on sperm morphology and plasma membrane integrity in MCG and HCG, respectively. Germ cell exfoliation within the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and epithelial vacuolization in epididymis were found in the HCG. Conclusion: This is the first study to describe the negative impact on male reproductive morphophysiology after chronic exposure to 2,4-D using food nebulization in environmentally relevant concentrations, based on agronomic use of the herbicide. The reproductive injuries identified raise concerns about the impacts of wide population exposure to 2,4-D.


Myofiber suspensions with 80% viability (morphological intactness) were prepared from rat m. flexor digitorum brevis by a 6‐hour collagenase treatment. The viable fibers had intact sarcolemmas and generally showed continuous basal laminae. The intracellular compartments exhibited normal muscular morphology. The suspended myofibers showed good tolerance against extracellular calcium (up to 30 mM), but were susceptible to 15mM EGTA. Calcium ionophore A23187 induced contraction, with loss of viability in both calcium‐containing and nominally calcium‐free Krebs‐Ringer medium. EGTA prevented the ionophore effect, but the muscle cells collapsed as soon as calcium was replenished. A calcium paradox, as observed with perfused heart, could not be induced in isolated skeletal myocytes. This suspended cell system should provide a useful tool for investigating relationships between metabolic parameters and muscle physiology. The extracellular environment can be manipulated easily, and cellular responses of individual skeletal muscle fibers can be measured and visualized.


Nitrogen atoms fixed in the SiO2/SiC interface region were studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. A thin oxide film (<5 A) formed during annealing in an NO atmosphere on a (0001) 4H-SiC surface, incorporating nitrogen atoms into the interface region. Even after complete removal of the oxide layer by etching in hydrofluoric acid, XPS spectra clearly showed a strong N 1 s peak, revealing the presence of fixed nitrogen atoms with an areal density of 1014 cm−2 in the interface region. To evaluate their influence on interface traps, metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors were formed by deposition of a gate oxide layer. The fixed nitrogen atoms decrease the interface trap density after post-annealing at high temperature.


Load demands are increasing in distribution network these days because of their wide use at residential, commercial and industrial sectors and thus losses in distribution lines are increasing which is order of main concern for Distribution Network Operators (DNO). There is need to reduce the substation demand. In this paper, Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) is applied to assess the substation demand of the network, keeping voltage of the customer devices in permissible voltage limits. Since, most of the loads are voltage dependent nowadays; therefore power consumption can be reduced using CVR scheme. OpenDSS is used to execute time series simulation. Voltage dependent load model is considered along with residential, commercial, and industrial load patterns for daily load demand to analyze substation energy consumption on IEEE 13 bus radial unbalanced distribution network. Objective is to attain higher demand reduction; therefore, smart PV inverter is introduced into the network without reactive power support and with reactive power support. Significance of this combined approach of CVR with smart PV inverter has also been proved by comparing various cases in terms of substation energy, losses, and tap settings.


Elite theory model suggests that the media plays an important role.in the top-down public policy formulation process.Due to the social,political and public attributes,the media in traditional public policy formulation plays roles as both an elite member and an information messenger.Modern media should break the limitation of elite theory model,so that its functions will be more diversified and its commercial properties will be more prominent.As a result,its control over the authoritarian politics will be weakened and instead it will be inclined to adopt a development road reflecting the social responsibility,civic discourse and governance.


Abstract : The report consists of th following three parts. The first part is introductory, and treats of the classification of coastal types that are well developed in Japan, and tries to present the regionality of their distribution. The second part aims at elucidating the nature and processes of terrace surface formation, especially laying stress on the to the modes of crustal movements. Dislocation of earth's crust accompanying the earthquakes and their geomorphic manifestation on coastal districts are also inquired. In the last part, four areas that are studied by the present investigator and his collaborators are presented. They are (1) the Konsen uplands in eastern Hokkaido, (2) northern moiety of the Sanriku coast in northeastern Honshu, (3) dissected fans of western Tokai along the Pacific side of central Honshu, (4) the coalescing dissected fans of Toyama along the Japan Sea side of central Honshu. Emphasis is chiefly laid on the geomorphological features, and land use is treated subordinately in connection with them. (Author)


Keywords: hospitalization at home, systems thinking, viable system, complex ecosystems, healthcare service ecosystems INTRODUCTION An effective Healthcare Service Ecosystem (H-SES) (Frow et al, 2014) must emphasize the notion of well-being co-creation which entails a dynamic interplay of actors, in face of the challenges, with their ability to use the available resource pools, at the different system levels (Häring et al, 2017). Healthcare Service Ecosystems have to support new concepts and services;technology deployment that facilitates telemedicine, care at home and consultation at a distance must be accelerated to expand the public's access to essential health services during the COVID-19 Pandemic (CDC.ORG). Motivation Healthcare systems have buckled under the health emergency in the pandemic, due to insufficient hospital availability of beds, long waiting times, lack of adoption of intervention plans for emergencies, lack of medical and health personnel, of the total absence of coordination between the different ones' actors and, above all, the lack of an adequate assistance territorial network (Grimm, 2020). [...]HaH can be viewed as a practical expression of H-SES adaptive features, re-configuration ability and modular design on the grounds of the System Thinking perspective".


The success of space mission from Deep Space One to Hayabusa shows that Electric Propulsion (EP) is capable of various science missions from Mercury up to asteroids belt. But when you go to deeper space the question of energy become crucial. This paper discusses an extension of the EP capabilities up to Jupiter with limited power, thanks to the high thrust to power ratio of the Hall Effect thrusters (HET). The JUICE mission is a good example of what could be done if recent development of HET EP was on-board, addressing orbit challenges such as Jupiter Orbit Insertion or Flyby, power management problematic, hardware availability and specific disposition for deep space operations. A first analysis of what could be a propulsion subsystem with Hall Effect Thrusters is presented with the availability of the hardware to be used. Operational characteristics of the use of such a propulsion subsystem are also discussed and hybrid combination of HET electric propulsion with chemical propulsion subsystem is also studied. No show stoppers were identified because of Electric Propulsion.


A moment method solution of a volume integral equation (VIE) using parametric geometry is presented. Typical Galerkin testing is shown not to be appropriate for curvilinear geometries, and a new testing scheme is proposed. By exploiting the orthogonality relationships between covariant and contravariant unitary vectors, testing functions in contravariant projection form and field expansion basis in covariant projection form were chosen.


Cultured leaf explants obtained from 36 accessions of the wild tomato species, Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl., were evaluated for morphogenic capacity in response to three cytokinins (zeatin, BA, and kinetin) in combination with IAA. Media containing 0.1 μM IAA plus 4.6 or 9.2 μm zeatin were optimal for shoot induction. Cotyledon explants were superior to true leaf explants for obtaining shoot formation


In the Dutch newspaper NCR Handelsblad on October 25, 2004, two apparently contradictory headlines can be seen on the cover: "People are afraid of a hardened society" and "Cohen (the mayor of Amsterdam, of the RvS) wants to order the prohibition of uncivil behavior. " The first of the articles is about the biannual Culture and Society Report of the year 2004 in which about two thousand people are interviewed about their wishes and expectations for the 2020 Holland. According to this report, there is a disparity between what people want and what they want. which, in fact, are your expectations for the future. They would like a society with greater social cohesion and more solidarity, but there are fears that it will be increasingly competitive and that the social climate will continue to harden. The second article is about [...]


In order to better simulate the actual construction site condition,vibration method is used for the mix proportion design of cement stabilized gravel.The maximum dry density and optimum water content determined by vibration compaction method and heavy compaction method were compared,and the compressive strength of the specimens determined by vibration method and static pressure method was compared.The results show that the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of cement stabilized gravel determined by vibration method were 0.88 and 1.02 times bigger than the heavy compaction method.The strength of cement stabilized gravel with 3.0%-4.0% cement dosage made by vibration compaction method is roughly equivalent to the strength of cement stabilized gravel adding 5.0%6.0% cement dosage manufactured by static pressure method.The vibration design method of the cement stabilized gravel mixture can save the cement consumption,enhance the strength of materials,which has significant economic and social benefits.


When a friend asked me to calculate the probability of two full Moons in one month (blue Moons), I initially got similar results to John Stockton (September 2001 p19). He estimated that the chance of an ordinary February having no full Moon is more than 5%, and about 1.8% for a February in a leap year. It is obvious that if one lunar cycle is 29.5 days long, then – for months lasting 30 days – the chance of two full Moons in one month must be about 0.5 in 30(or 1.67%). For months of 31 days the probability is about 1.5 in 31 (or 4.84%). However, both my calculation and Stockton's are purely statistical and require full Moons to occur randomly. This cannot be the case, for they must be one lunar month apart.


A benign asymptomatic ring-like lesion of the calvarium, which has been termed the "doughnut lesion," has been described. This lesion is discovered as an incidental finding. The importance of its recognition lies only in its distinction from significant calvarial lesions with which it may be confused.


This chapter examines the planning histories associated with writings on technocracies. It highlights some of the core distinctions that exist between different schools of thought over the form, character, and roles of technical knowledge in the planning of cities and reflects on the extent to which we are now living in an era within which 'new' technocracies can be said to exist and what these might consist of. To make sense of the new technocracy, the chapter thus offers an understanding of the old. It puts the present critique of expert knowledge into historical perspective, looking back to the interplay of planning and technocracy in the century of two world wars, the New Deal, the Welfare State, and the Modern Project. It traces the roots of the technocratic critique to planning up to the mid-1980s.


In sequence of eye examination [Italics] Measurement of Vision and Refraction: Visual acuity Optics Refraction. Neuro-opthalmology: Eye movements Strabismus The pupil Visual field testing Nystagmus Circulatory disturbances affecting vision. External structures: Lymph nodes Lacrimal system lashes lids. The Orbit: Exophthalmos Enophthalmos. Slit-lamp Examination and Glaucoma: Cornea Conjunctiva Sclera Glaucoma Uvea Vitreous Cataracts. The Retina: Retinal anatomy Fundus examination Fluorescein angiography Papilledema (choked disk) White retinal vessel disease Retinal hemorrhages Diabetic retinopathy Macular degeneration Common retinal diseases. Appendix.


Geothermal energy is a leading candidate in fulfilling our transition efforts to a clean, sustainable, non-intermittent and renewable energy source. However, high drilling costs act as a showstopper in geothermal exploration. One of the main factors contributing to this high price is the drop in drilling performance when drilling through hard crystalline granite rocks that are usually found at depths greater than 4 km. Studies show that increasing the drilling performance by a factor of 4 with respect to the current drilling rates of 1-2 m/h can reduce the drilling costs up to 65%.
 Percussion drilling using down the hole (DTH) hammer has proven to be efficient in drilling through hard rocks. In ORCHYD project, we combine high-pressure water jet (HPWJ) with a DTH hammer to increase the rate of penetration (ROP) by a factor of 3 to 4. The HPWJ creates a peripheral groove in the rock surface facing the drill bit. This peripherical groove of few millimeters is expected to release the rock surface from the surrounding confining stress regimes – requiring lower energy to break the rock using percussion drilling. It is also expected that the free surface created by the groove aids in reflecting the waves created during percussion. A DTH mud hammer is modified to allow the flow of HPWJ through the hammer body and redirect it to the periphery of the drill bit. The prototype developed in this work was tested on a laboratory scale drilling test rig under realistic downhole drilling conditions. At the current stage of the project, it is demonstrated that slotting peripheral grooves using the HPWJ improves the ROP of the hammer drilling system by a factor of 2 to 2.5.

 Deep geothermal energy is a promising and increasingly important source of energy production worldwide. Geothermal electricity production is particularly attractive for both rich and poor economies due to its ability to generate both heat and electricity, which are in high demand. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) are becoming more popular as they allow for combined electricity and heat production at geothermal power plants (Angelone (2014)). However, drilling operations are a major component of the total project cost, representing up to 40% of the total cost (Angelone (2014)). For a 3 km well, the cost can reach up to 15 M€ (Angelone (2014)), which makes it challenging to extract geothermal energy in an economically viable manner.


The invention relates to a device for carrying out control or regulation functions in a vehicle. The inventive device comprises at least one control unit and at least one periphery element that is connected to said control unit and receives and/or transmits signals. The control or regulation functions are carried out by controlling and/or evaluating the signals of the periphery element. The device contains at least one control module that is connected between the control unit and the periphery element and is composed of an electronics unit and a flexible enlargement device. The periphery element contacts the flexible enlargement device. According to an inventive device and method, the scaleable control modules carry out the variant determining functionalities for regulating operating processes in a vehicle. The control unit provides the operating system, the computing power and possibly a bus interface. Standard control devices or control devices that are already used for different purposes can thus be used as the control unit.


In dairy
 cows, the transition period is typically accompanied with the highest
 incidence of production diseases. The objective of this study was to examine
 whether parameters assessed ante partum can be predictive for the development
 of production disease during the first three weeks of lactation.
 Subsequently, the most applicable antepartal blood
 parameter for assessment of the postpartal health
 status was determined. Impaired function of neutrophilic
 granulocytes (PMN) during the peripartal period is
 reported to be one of the major reasons for increased susceptibility of dairy
 cows to infection and additionally plays a role in development of retained fetal membranes. In vitro studies suggested that
 Insulin-like-growth factor-I (IGF-I) enhances PMN function. Therefore,
 another aim of this study was to determine the effects of pregnancy,
 parturition, and early lactation on PMN phagocytic
 activity and capacity. Moreover, we tested the hypothesis that differences in
 IGF-I plasma concentrations affect PMN function. Finally, the influence of a roborant drink upon these parameters was investigated.
 In total,
 41 pluriparous (3.2 – 8.8 yr, 2nd – 5th
 lactation) and 18 primiparous (2.0 – 3.2 yr)
 Holstein Friesian cows were used as blood donors in this study. Blood
 sampling was carried out once weekly on the same day between 6:00 and 10:00
 A.M. (6, 4, 3, 2, 1 wk before the day of predicted calving (wk 0) and 1, 2,
 4, 8, 16 wk post partum), except for the samples of calving, which were taken
 within ten minutes after calving. Immunological parameters were determined
 with flow cytometry between week 3 ante partum and
 week 4 post partum. Water supplemented with a mixture of roborants
 was offered to one group of cows directly after calving. Clinical examination
 was performed once weekly and additionally if perceptible deviations from
 physiological state became apparent. Significant differences in metabolic
 blood parameters led to a differentiated consideration of primiparous
 and pluriparous cows. Moreover, in accordance with
 previous publications it was affirmed that production diseases are primarily
 a problem of pluriparous, not primiparous
 cows. The percentage of primiparous cows suffering
 from a production disease during the first three weeks of lactation was exceeded
 twice by pluriparous cows. Ante partum, serum
 concentrations of total bilirubin, BHBA, and NEFA,
 as well as plasma concentrations of IGF-I significantly differed between cows
 that were healthy during the first three weeks of lactation compared to cows
 suffering from a production disease. On considering production diseases
 separately, increased concentrations of total bilirubin,
 BHBA and NEFA determined ante partum were found to be specific and indicative
 for the post partal development of ketosis and/or a
 left displacement of abomasum. Nevertheless, NEFA
 serum concentrations ante partum were highly suited for calculating the risk
 for developing ketosis and displacement of abomasum
 post partum. Regarding concentrations in week two ante partum, a sensitivity and a positive predictive value of 83% as
 well as a specificity and a negative predictive value of 94% were detected.
 It was moreover found that determining antepartal
 NEFA concentrations was unsuitable for calculation of the risk of occurrence
 of other production diseases (metritis, retained fetal membranes, hypocalcaemia, mastitis).
 IGF-I was the only antepartal measured blood
 parameter in this study, which was independent of the nature of the disease,
 occurring during the first three weeks of lactation. Antepartal
 IGF-I plasma concentrations of cows suffering from a production disease (67.6
 ± 6.5 ng/ml) were lower compared to healthy cows
 (106.2 ± 11.1 ng/ml). Thus, IGF-I was the most
 appropriate antepartal blood parameter for the
 assessment of the postpartal health status.
 Regarding concentrations in week two ante partum, led to a
 sensitivity and a positive predictive value of 79% as well as a
 specificity and a negative predictive value of 68%. IGF-I concentrations
 decreased significantly around parturition and, starting from the point of
 calving, displayed significantly higher IGF-I concentrations in primi- than in pluriparous
 cows. Ante partum no differences between primiparous
 and pluriparous cows were detected in IGF-I
 concentrations. Results of in vitro studies, indicating that IGF-I enhances
 human PMN function, could not be confirmed by ex vivo results of bovine PMN. Phagocytic activity was similar between primi- and pluriparous cows
 ante partum, but phagocytic capacity was
 significantly higher in pluriparous cows in week
 two ante partum compared to primiparous cows.
 Moreover, during the first two weeks postpartum, phagocytic
 activity in pluriparous cows exceeded that of primiparous cows significantly. In contrast, blood PMN
 count was significantly higher in primiparous
 compared to pluriparous cows at time of calving. Phagocytic power tended to be higher in pluriparous cows compared to primiparous
 cows, whereby a significant difference was found in week two post partum. Phagocytic overall performance expressed similar values
 in primi- and pluriparous
 cows. These results indicated that primiparous cows
 compensated their impaired PMN function by a higher number of PMN. Thus, we
 can not suggest a suppression of the immune system on the whole in primiparous cows without comprising the total number of neutrophilic granulocytes at present. High liquid intake
 (35.8 ± 11.7 L) directly after calving, attained by high acceptability of the
 used supplement, correlated positively with quantitative intake of a partly
 mixed ration during the first three days of lactation. Proportionally to
 increased feed intake, serum NEFA concentrations decreased significantly in
 cows whose liquid intake was above 20 litres between calving and week one
 post partum. Furthermore, phagocytic activity in
 these cows was significantly higher compared to cows which only had access to
 water. Even though the analyses concerning use of a roborant
 drink had only exploratory character, the derived results were statistically
 sound and may provide an opportunity to reduce the incidence of production
 diseases. Present results demonstrated that already ante partum, there is a
 possibility to recognize cows at risk of developing production diseases. This
 allows treatment at the earliest possible and offers an approach in reducing
 the incidence or severity of production diseases.


The plasmas produced in Q-switched laser actting repeatedly on two kinds of single-layer optical thin films are detected, and the field effect in this interaction process is analysed.


Currently, robotic systems have been more and more required for a diversity of new products, such as in domestic robots and in robots for dangerous environments. As a consequence, an increase in the complexity of these systems is observed, requiring also considerable attention to their quality and productivity. In another perspective, reference architectures have emerged as a special type of software architecture that achieves well-recognized understanding of specific domains, facilitating the development, standardization, and evolution of software systems. In this perspective, reference architectures have also been proposed for the robotic domain and they have been considered an important element to the development of systems for that domain. However, there is a lack of work that present an panorama about these architectures; furthermore, there exists no support to choose a reference architecture when developing or evolving robotic systems. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is to present a panorama about reference architectures of the robotic domain, in particular, for mobile robots. It is worth highlighting that we used the systematic review technique to identify and investigate these architectures. We have found that these architectures have in general become consolidated and have already contributed to the industry during the development of robotic systems. Besides that, results of our investigation could support the decision about which architecture to adopt aiming to develop a new software. Also, our analysis could help to create new reference architectures. However, there are still important perspectives of research that need to be investigated. Keywords-robotic system; robot; reference architecture; systematic review.


Seasonal regression of testes and epididymides is described for 161 mature harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena, L. from the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine from June to December 1984–1995. Based on histological appearance and size of gonads, testes are fully active from late June until at least the end of July, spanning the estimated period of conceptions. During testicular regression, spermatocytes and round spermatids disappeared first from the lumina of seminiferous tubules, followed by the gradual disappearance of spermatozoa. Ultimately, all signs of spermatogenesis were absent, but tubules retained an alternating lining of Sertoli cells and spermatogonia. Testicular and epididymal mass, testicular length and seminiferous tubular diameter decreased approximately 3.5, 1.5 and 1.5 times, respectively, from peak production to full regression and this decrease was best described by a quadratic function. During early July when most females are ovulating, all males had active testes; variation in the degree of regression among males increased as the season progressed. This may reflect a trade-off between the costs of maintaining active testes at 4% body mass and the probability of successful fertilization. Testes are completely regressed during the winter, suggesting that few reproductive opportunities exist during this season. Unlike some other odontocete species, testicular mass of porpoises is a good indicator of breeding season.


HKJGOM 2011; 11 (1) 67 Introduction Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are rare vascular disorders known to produce life-threatening complications, including haemoptysis, intrapleural haemorrhage, stroke, brain abscess, and hypoxaemia. Since its first description by Churton in 18971, more than 500 cases have been reported in the literature2. Pregnancy and PAVM are strongly linked with adverse outcomes, due to an increased risk of complications3-8. Management dilemmas arise from concerns about fetal radiation exposure from both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures involving ionising radiation. Furthermore, the ideal treatment modality for this condition during pregnancy is unclear. Surgery has traditionally been regarded as the treatment of choice and is potentially life saving in cases complicated by pulmonary haemorrhage. More recently, in selected cases, transcatheter embolotherapy (TCE) has demonstrated impressive initial results. In this review, Correspondence to: Dr Calvin SH Ng Email: email@example.com Pulmonary Haemorrhage from Arteriovenous Malformations: Implications and Management in Pregnancy


The following notification has appeared in the Gazette of India :? The Surgeons-General with the Government of India and with the Governments of Madras and Bombay will, iu addition to performing civil administrative duties, be Heads of the Indian Medical Departments in their respective presidencies. It will be their duty, among other matters, to propose transfers between the Military and Civil Departments, to i*ecommend for promotion to the administrative grade, and to advise the Government on all questions relating to the admission of officers and subordinates


Beguin et al (1980) introduced the Corner Method as a tool for identifying the order (p,q) of an ARMA proc.ess. In addition they derived approximate hypothesis tests,based on asymptotic theory, to aid in the identification. We show that there are restrictions implicit in the use of these tests which, if violated,could yield spurious results.


This chapter takes a look at the dominant narrative the author calls the laziness myth, exploring the origins and effects of a narrative that tells employers and employees alike that laziness is to blame for unemployment and poverty. It discusses the beliefs about laziness and about lazy people that make up the laziness myth: (1) that hard work determines who should achieve the good life, (2) that people who don't work hard are lazy, (3) that certain groups of people are especially lazy, and (4) that laziness is the source of social problems, so solving laziness should be central to solving social problems. The chapter explains the harm that the laziness myth has done using the experience of Zulu people as an example. It also presents three reasons to why the myth is just a myth: (1) because people are working hard but the myth keeps that work invisible, (2) because the causes of unemployment and poverty are systemic but the myth keeps those reasons invisible, and (3) because seemingly lazy behaviors have causes that are other than laziness.


FORUMS – we run the Sherborne Area Housing, Equality and Tourism Forums and are partners with Sherborne Area Over 50s Forum in running the Services for Older People Forum. We also attend the Children & Families Forum (separately managed) and, less frequently, the Transport Action Group and the Chamber of Trade's monthly meetings. We are in the process of setting up Young People's, Environment and Health Forums. We recognise that our Forums will be more effective if they establish links with other Forums with similar aims in West Dorset.


Large simulations are executed in HPC systems. These systems are shared among users with a resource manager. There are ranges of resource allocations where simulations perform efficiently, but are usually unknown before execution. Unfortunately, resource allocations cannot be modified at runtime in current systems. A resource manager and MPI library combination is proposed in this work. These allow for changes in the resource allocations of running applications. Changes are made continuously based on performance feedback to optimize system-wide efficiency metrics.


Federal aviation regulations require that all aircraft undergo maintenance after flying a certain number of hours. Most major U.S. airlines observe the maintenance regulations by requiring that aircraft spend a night at a maintenance station after at most three or four days of flying. In addition, some airlines require that every aircraft goes through a special maintenance station for what is commonly called a balance check. Airlines usually schedule routine maintenance only at night so as not to cut into aircraft utilization. The maintenance routing problem is to find a routing of the aircraft that satisfies the short-term routine maintenance requirements. In Gopalan, R. and Talluri, K. T. ("The Aircraft Maintenance Routing Problem," Opns. Res. in press) we modeled this problem as one of generating an appropriate directed graph (called a line-of-flight-graph), and of finding a special Euler Tour called the k-day Maintenance Euler Tour (k-MET, for k = 3, 4,...) in that directed graph-for finding a maintenance routing in which the aircraft would spend at most k days of flying before overnighting at a maintenance station and have an opportunity for a balance-check. In the same paper we gave a polynomial-time algorithm for finding a 3-MET, if one exists, in the directed graph. In this paper we consider the routing problem when the requirement is to overnight at a maintenance station after at most four days of flying and to undergo the balance check every n days, where n is the number of planes in the fleet of the equipment type under consideration. We show that this problem is NP-complete; in fact, that the k-MET problem is NP-complete for all k ≥ 4. When the number of maintenance stations is exactly one, we show that the 4-MET problem can be solved by solving an appropriate bipartite matching problem; and hence in polynomial time. As a corollary to this result, we show that when there is no balance check station visit requirement, the four-day routing problem, in a given LOF-graph, can be solved (without any restrictions on the number of maintenance stations) in polynomial time. We show how our polynomial-time algorithms for the 3-MET problem and the restricted 4-MET problem can be used to design effective heuristics for the 4-MET problem.


Diabetes is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States and a major cause of morbidity. One of the more troubling complications in diabetes are non‐healing skin wounds, where high glucose levels and poor blood flow contribute to the formation of infected sores and ulcers. Hyperglycemia leads to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, which can alter receptor functions. Because the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a crucial role in keratinocyte migration and wound reepithelialization, we tested the impact of high glucose on EGFR signaling in a human keratinocyte cell line. Basal EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation was decreased in cells following chronic exposure to high glucose (4.5 g/l) compared to cells maintained in normal glucose (1.0 g/l). Acute exposure of cells with high glucose diminished ligand‐stimulated EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation. This response was evident within 2‐4 hrs of high glucose treatment and became more pronounced with extended exposure. Similarly, downstream EGFR signaling, as detected by ERK phosphorylation, was decreased with time following high glucose treatment. These experiments demonstrate that high glucose interferes with EGF receptor function in keratinocytes with predicted impacts on cell migration and other EGFR‐dependent functions in wound reepithelialization. Funded by NIH award R01 GM079381.


Nanoparticles in workplaces may pose a threat to the health of the workers involved. With the general boom in nanotechnology, an increasing number of workers is potentially exposed, and therefore a comprehensive risk management with respect to nanoparticles appears necessary. One (of many) components of such a risk management is the measurement of personal exposure. Traditional nanoparticle detectors are often cumbersome to use, large, heavy and expensive. We have developed small, reliable and easy to use devices that can be used for routine personal exposure measurement in workplaces.


There are currently 85,000 chemicals registered with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Toxic Substances Control Act, but only a small fraction have measured toxicological data. To address this gap, high-throughput screening (HTS) methods are vital. As part of one such HTS effort, embryonic zebrafish were used to examine a suite of morphological and mortality endpoints at six concentrations from over 1,000 unique chemicals found in the ToxCast library (phase 1 and 2). We hypothesized that by using a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) and leveraging this large set of toxicity data, plus chemical structure information, we could efficiently predict toxic outcomes of untested chemicals. CAS numbers for each chemical were used to generate textual files containing three-dimensional structural information for each chemical. Utilizing a novel method in this space, we converted the 3D structural information into a weighted set of points while retaining all information about the structure. In vivo toxicity and chemical data were used to train two neural network generators. The first used regression (Go-ZT) while the second utilized cGAN architecture (GAN-ZT) to train a generator to produce toxicity data. Our results showed that both Go-ZT and GAN-ZT models produce similar results, but the cGAN achieved a higher sensitivity (SE) value of 85.7% vs 71.4%. Conversely, Go-ZT attained higher specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), and Kappa results of 67.3%, 23.4%, and 0.21 compared to 24.5%, 14.0%, and 0.03 for the cGAN, respectively. By combining both Go-ZT and GAN-ZT, our consensus model improved the SP, PPV, and Kappa, to 75.5%, 25.0%, and 0.211, respectively, resulting in an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.663. Considering their potential use as prescreening tools, these models could provide in vivo toxicity predictions and insight into untested areas of the chemical space to prioritize compounds for HT testing. Summary A conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) can leverage a large chemical set of experimental toxicity data plus chemical structure information to predict the toxicity of untested compounds.


On Adam's House in Paradise "takes off backward through history hunting for Adam's house, the original image. En route, with wry wit and charm, Rykwert singes every generation of architectural theoreticians back to Vitruvius, but he manages to illuminate their efforts and their immolations."-Charles Moore, Progressive Architecture This new edition of On Adam's House in Paradise (first published by the Museum of Modern Art) incorporates all the original illustrations and several new ones, as well as additional text by the author.


The present invention relates to a structure of a door basket of a refrigerator installed on a rear surface of a refrigerator door and used as a food storage place. The present invention, the basket body 60 is installed to be slidable back and forth on the back of the door 50, the food is stored and stored; A basket cover (62) installed at an upper side of the basket body (60) to rotate about a rear end thereof, and selectively shielding an upper surface of the basket body (60); The basket cover 62 has a configuration including an interlocking means 70 to open and close in conjunction with the basket body 60. And the interlocking means 70, the basket body 60 and the basket cover 62 is formed in a shape corresponding to each other is made of a pinion portion 74 and the rack portion 72 and the like to be geared, The basket cover 62 is configured to open when the basket body 60 is pulled forward (back of the door). According to the present invention as described above, there is an advantage that food can be taken in and out of the door basket more easily. Refrigerator, Door, Door Basket, Cover, Interlock


Accuracy and computational cost are the main challenges of deep neural networks in image recognition. This paper proposes an efficient ranking reduction to binary classification approach using a new feed-forward network and feature selection based on ranking the image pixels. Preference net (PN) is a novel deep ranking learning approach based on Preference Neural Network (PNN), which uses new ranking objective function and positive smooth staircase (PSS) activation function to accelerate the image pixels' ranking. PN has a new type of weighted kernel based on spearman ranking correlation instead of convolution to build the features matrix. The PN employs multiple kernels that have different sizes to partial rank image pixels' in order to find the best features sequence. PN consists of multiple PNNs' have shared output layer. Each ranker kernel has a separate PNN. The output results are converted to classification accuracy using the score function. PN has promising results comparing to the latest deep learning (DL) networks using the weighted average ensemble of each PN models for each kernel on CFAR-10 and Mnist-Fashion datasets in terms of accuracy and less computational cost.


This paper proposes ideas and measures and recommendations of intensive and landscape of the base station construction,and tries to build a harmonious unity between the development of mobile communication system network and urban planning.


Within education there exists a bifurcation of the intellect and moral character—a separation of the pursuit of external knowledge from the acquisition of self knowledge. Teaching and observing gifted students within a regular classroom setting gives a unique perspective on this dilemma, as gifted students demonstrate so clearly the need for nurturing the moral dimension as well as the mind. A framework synthesized from the works of Dewey and Guilford explicates basic structural components of the intellectual and moral dimensions. Understanding these deep structures helps teachers establish the complexity of learning, teaching, and environment needed to meet both the intellectual and moral development needs of students.


Background: Pectoral nerves (PECS) block has been reported to be effective for a perioperative analgesia for breast cancer surgery. In addition, we may consider that the PECS block is also effective for motor function in postoperative period. Therefore, we investigated the effect of PECS block for motor function in postoperative period. Methods: This study selected the patients performed the breast cancer surgery between April and September, 2015. The study surveyed the difficulty of movement of the upper limbs at postoperative day 5 (D5) and postoperative month 6 (M6) by performing telephone survey. We counted the number of patients who complained of the difficulty of movement of the upper limbs. All results were compared using the chi- squared test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 93 patients received only general anesthesia (G group). 85 patients received PECS block with general anesthesia (P group). The number of the P group at D5 was 2 patients. On the other hand, the number of the G group was 15 patients (P = 0.042). In the same way, the number of the P group M6 was no patient. On the other hand, the number of the G group was 10 patients (P = 0.043). Conclusion: A PECS block is effective for motor function recovery in the early postoperative period after breast cancer surgery.


ABSTRACT In hydrology, branching-type phenomena occur in several instances, for example in ground-water flow (splitting flow channels in a porous medium) and in the formation of a natural river network (combining, i.e., inverse branching, of small rivers to form large rivers). Such phenomena can be treated by the statistics of topological bifurcating arborescences. It is shown how ensembles of arborescences can be generated on a computer and expectation values for observables can be calculated. In this fashion, the laws of dispersion processes in flow through porous media and Horton's law of stream numbers in drainage basins are shown to be the outcome of very simple statistical assumptions.


In theory,the difference of melting point and decomposition temperature of PVDF is large.So its wide processing range and high thermal stability lead to its good processability,which usually suitable for molding,extrusion,injection molding and casting molding methods [1].But in practical processing,its high molding temperature,poor heat conduction,poor consistency of thermal stability between the different types of products should be considered to avoid decomposition at high molding temperature.The method for determination of the thermal stability of PVDF was introduced,and the influence factors of thermal stability were analyzed.


1) The clinical status of patients was carefully observed and recorded ac cording to clinical routine in every consultation. 2) Aqueous solution of AMCHA was injected to patients every day as a rule. To infant patients 2 to 5 ml of 5% AMCHA solution was injected sub cutaneously or intravenously, and to the other patients 5 ml of the solution intravenously. 3) Relating to the clinical examination, plasmin activity in the blood was also examined by routine methods. The acceleration of whole clot lysis and euglobulin lysis and the decrease of the content of plasma fibrinogen were measured. Appropriate and necessary controls were taken to examine the effect of AMCHA.


This study explores the ways in which the contribution of television exposure to adolescents' conceptions of social reality is mediated by their relationships with their parents. The data come from a national survey of 10 to 14-year olds (N = 888). Indicators of parent-adolescent "cohesion" (e.g., maternal affection, shared activities, and satisfaction with time spent together) and "control" (e.g., parental rules, firmness, and disciplinary styles) were examined both in terms of family relationships in general and in terms directly related to television viewing. The analysis attempted to determine whether relationships between amount of viewing and adolescents' images of parental roles, divorce, and fear of strangers vary according to these key aspects of the family context. The results suggest that less parental control (either in general or specifically related to television) tends to increase television's impact on adolescents, especially when combined with lower levels of cohesion. Family cohesion and involvement surrounding television, however, works to intensify television's contribution; adolescents who co-view with their parents, who discuss television with them, and whose parents do not set rules about viewing seem most vulnerable to television.


Novice drivers are overrepresented in left-turn-across-path [LTAP] intersection crashes. In fact, 16 and 17 year old drivers are more likely to be killed in LTAP crash types than they are in any other crash type. The previous research demonstrates one of the reasons why this is the case: novice drivers are less likely to anticipate hazards within an intersection. But it did not show whether failures to anticipate the hazards within intersections were linked to failures to mitigate the hazards such as slowing or yielding. This research was an effort to compare the linked hazard anticipation and hazard mitigation behaviors of novice drivers with exemplary experienced drivers at LTAP situations. Each participant in the experiment drove in a virtual world using a Realtime Technologies, Inc. driving simulator for approximately 36 minutes. During the drive, participants navigated two LTAP configurations in the virtual world, one of which included a through movement at an intersection obstructed by traffic in the adjacent lane that obstructed the turning traffic, and one of which included approaching traffic at all three legs before the driver had to decide whether to turn. Experienced drivers made more anticipatory glances, began slowing significantly earlier, and slowed significantly more when approaching an intersection with the potential for latent hazards than did the novice drivers. However, those novice drivers who anticipated the hazards were much more likely than those who did not to also mitigate the hazard. The use of these results in a PC-based driver hazard mitigation training program will be discussed.


Estimatives of genetic dissimilarity between cultivars can be useful in a breeding program for directing crosses and evaluating the available germplasm. The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic dissimilarity between oat genotypes through AFLP markers and inbreeding coefficient and to intercorrelate these estimate with each other and with an estimate based on agronomical traits in experiments with and without fungicide application. Eleven oat cultivars were used to estimate the molecular genetic distance, from which nine were evaluated in the field to obtain the morphological estimatives. For the estimates of inbreeding coefficients, eight genotypes had known pedigree and were considered for the analyisis. A comparison of the matrices was obtained through a correlation analysis. Among the dissimilarity measures evaluated, the estimated distances based on molecular data and the inbreeding coefficient, were those evidencing the highest correlation (0.45). The second highest correlation was obtained between the morphological distances in experiments with and without fungicide application (0.44), no other correlation obtained was significant. Then, it is evident the presence of high genetic variability among the studied genotypes and the necessity of all three techniques to be used in a joined manner for obtaining a more precise estimate of genetic dissimilarity.


Abstract
This research was an exploration of L2 learner's conception and articulation of student voice at a UK University in end of course Academic Research Project (ARP) on an intensive English pre-sessional course using Hyland's (2005) conceptual framework of voice to conduct a text analysis. The research analysed six texts from two disciplines, namely Political Science and Civil Engineering. Each ARP was randomly selected from the top, middle and lower tier from the two disciplines. The aim of the research was to conduct an Exit Interview as a form of a Needs Analysis in reverse formation for purposes of updating the pre-sessional English for Academic Purposes course at this institution. The results indicated that the debate of whether academic writing is a genre in its own right or not (Spack, 1988) is still very much alive in the field of English for Academic Purposes (EAP). This was exhibited in diverse ways as L2 learners in these two disciplines rhetorically manipulate the concept of leaner voice in academic writing in very different ways across the divide. The research also acknowledged that 'Writing with authority' (Hyland, 2002a) was a concept that was valued across the divide and more so in Political Science. The use of voice parameters from the conceptual framework called, Attitude Markers (AM) and Appeal to Shared Knowledge (ASK) were key to presentation of arguments or propositions from both the writer (stance) and reader (engagement) perspectives in both disciplines but it was quite apparent that THE use Boosters (B) to express certainty is highly valued in Civil Engineering. It was also clear that poor handling of voice and increased use of Hedging (H) did not impress assessors of ARPs in terms of the grade awarded to the ARPs in this sample. This research also reiterated that the concept of voice is still much alive in UK classrooms at tertiary institutions that have L2 learners of English (Grow, 2007) despite the views by (Helms-Park and Stapleton, 2003) that the concept is over-rated. Another finding of the research was that language, culture, power and ideology are at the centre of the concept of student voice in academic writing (Fairclough, 2014a). From the research it was also clear that student's writing a 'high stakes' (Beck and Jeffrey, 2007) assessment in English need to draw from their various identities (Bartholomae, 1986; Shen, 1989) to socially mediate meaning in academic writing in English.


Delayed gastric emptying secondary to diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a recognized risk factor for aspiration pneumonitis. The purpose of this study is to determine whether bedside autonomic function tests (AFTs) would predict gastric contents. Gastric volume and its pH were measured in 36 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 15 nondiabetic patients at induction of general anesthesia for elective ambulatory surgery. Manifestations of autonomic dysfunction were assessed preoperatively in all 51 patients with five commonly used cardiovascular AFTs. According to the results of these five tests, 16 patients with DM met the criteria for the diagnosis and are called "DAN positive." The remaining 20 diabetics did not meet the criteria and are called "DAN negative." Fifteen patients without DM did not meet the criteria and are called "nondiabetics." Diabetic patients were significantly older and more obese than nondiabetics and those with DM more than 10 yr were more often DAN positive. Solid, undigested food particles were found more often in the gastric contents of DAN-positive patients compared to nondiabetics. Gastric liquid volume and pH were similar in diabetic patients (DAN positive and DAN negative) and nondiabetic controls. These results demonstrate that diagnosis of DAN by commonly used cardiovascular AFTs does not predict larger gastric liquid volume or lower pH, but does predict the presence of solid food particles. The presence of food particles in gastric contents after 8 h of fasting could represent a risk factor for aspiration pneumonitis. Autonomic neuropathy is not manifested equally in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems, but may be more severe in one than the other.


In their paper published in the February issue of JAFIB, Dr. Barrios and colleagues further examine the association between atrial fibrillation, classical coronary risk factors, proven cardiovascular preventive therapies and end-organ damage in 2024 patients with documented hypertension and coronary heart disease. Patients were stratified as hav ing or not having atrial fibrillation according to the baseline 12-lead ECG which was also used to derive heart rate. The presence of end-organ damage was coded based on clinical history. Overall about 17% of the patients had atrial fibrillation. These patients were generally older with an equal prevalence between genders, contrary to male predominance reported in other studies. 1 Patients with atrial fibril lation had a somewhat lower ejection fraction and were more likely to be sedentary and diabetic and less likely to suffer from dyslipidemia. Many more of these patients had left ventricular hypertrophy, congestive heart, peripheral arterial disease, renal impairment and history of stroke. Their heart rate was generally faster than that of the sinus rhythm patients. According to their risk profile, more of the atrial fibrillation patients were anticoagulated and treated for diabetes and fewer were treated for dyslipidemia. The likelihood of being on a diuretic, ARB or alpha-blocker was higher among patients with atrial fibrillation. Surprisingly few patients in the registry had good control of their risk factors with little appreciable difference between pa tients with and without AF. The authors then did an interesting analysis further stratifying patients with atrial fibrillation into cohorts based on heart rate 82 bpm. The comparison between sinus rhythm patients and those with AF among patients with baseline heart rate > 82 bpm parallels main study findings. On the other hand, the comparison between AF patients stratified by heart rate reveals several interesting findings: higher heart rate seemed associated with current smoking status, left ventricular hypertrophy, higher blood pressure and less adequate blood pressure control, lower use of beta blockers, higher use of calcium channel blockers and to a lesser extent, history of peripheral arterial disease. Since no outcome measures are reported, it is impossible to comment on the association between atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular mortality in this study. All in all this study re-iterates the well-known association between atrial fibrillation and cardio vascular disease. The findings suggest better rate control in AF patients treated with beta-blockers compared to calcium channel blockers as well as a good association between heart rate and blood pressure control in these patients. As many other


All The technosphere pollution with various substances has been analyzed considering their impact on human health, depending on the hazard degree. The most frequently occurring in nature hazardous substances have been classified by the degree and class of hazard. The impact of exhaust gases emitted by the recently growing motor vehicle fleet on human health is shown. A new ultrahigh-frequency technique is proposed to monitor the concentration of exhaust gases emitted by vehicles into the atmosphere. Measures are specified that allow reducing the environmental footprint by pursuing a sound environmental policy and introducing innovative technologies.


During the 1970's human rights appeared to enjoy low esteem in Africa. The basic documents in inter-African relations were the UN and the OAU Charters. In its Preamble, as well as four substantive articles, the UN Charter refers to respect for human rights as a basis for international relations. The principles of human rights were further elaborated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 whose principles, in the view of some writers, have become part of customary international law. This Declaration was in turn elaborated on in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966.


The Siwalik Hills cover a great distance of about 2,400 kilometers between river Indus in the west and the river Brahmputra in the east comprising of over 7 km thick Himalayan wash out molasses spanning a great period of over 15 million years from early Miocene to Middle Pleistocene. These deposits are very rich with fossil assemblages of vertebrate fauna and have drawn world wide special attention for the fossil remains of the early hominoid ancestors of man and the apes. The Siwaliks of Potwar region of Pakistan has yielded the richest hominoid fossil remains (Pilbeam et al., 1977 a & b 1980), and in India it is Haritalyanagar (Bilaspur, H.P.). More hominoid sites have been discovered in India during recent years among which the notable are Ramnagar (J&K) (Chopra 1978), Kalagarh in Nainital (Sahni, et. al., 1980) and Nurpur and Ranital (Kangra, H.P.). The Siwalik hominoids received several revisions of which two revisions were significant (Simons & Pilbeam, 1965, 1972) which reduced the species represented by taxa Sivapithecus, Ramapithecus, Gigantopithecus and Pliopithecus. Sivapithecus was initially classified within Dryopithecus, but later separated and recognized as only South Asian genus, and the latter as European taxon that rarely entered into South Asia. The Siwaliks hominoid diversity made the Sub-Himalayas as a major center for the adaptive radiation of the MioPliocene primates during Chinji to Nagri times about 13 to 8 million years ago in South Asia.______________________________


In this paper we investigate the differential geometry of 1-lightlike submanifolds in anti-de Sitter n-space as an application of the theory of Legendrian singularities. Based on some theory of lightlike submanifolds, we also introduce the notion of 1-lightlike horospherical Gauss curvature, which is important for us to study the singularities of 1-lightlike horospherical hypersurfaces. Moreover, we discuss the related geometric property of 1-lightlike horospherical hypersurfaces in anti-de Sitter n-space.


Abstract The Bima field with an original-oil-in-place (OOIP) of 700 million bbls and 50 billion scf gas cap is the largest productive carbonate field in offshore N.W. Java. Field startup was in 1987 with 7 platforms in the north on primary production. The southern 2/3rds of the field is undeveloped. Bottom water and edge water influx, high oil viscosity (21 cp) and an extensive gas cap have created several reservoir management challenges. A multi-disciplinary reservoir study was performed on the Oligocene-Miocene upper Batu Raja limestone formation at Bima to evaluate waterflood, gas reinjection and development expansion. The study integrated numerous disciplines (gelogy, geophysics, log analysis and reservoir engineering) into construction of a 3D fullfield model. Reservoir performance for 54 wells (20 horizontal) was history matched over the 3-year field life. Special simulator treatments required for Bima included logic for horizontal wells and electrical submersible pumps. Simulation results indicate water injection into the oil rim and gas cap to be an effective waterflood approach towards minimizing gas cap resaturation. However, waterflood reserves are sensitive to injection timing since the current depletion rate is significant. The model also serves as a long-term reservoir management tool having the ability to evaluate future development expansion and gas sales. For these evaluations, the model can track fluid migration during the field life. An enhanced understanding of Batu Raja depositional and diagenetic processes on the Seribu platform was also gained which has future exploration applications.


The paper considers the excitation of a horizontal grounded antenna of the ELF-ELF electromagnetic field and a lower frequency range in a two-layer environment. Approximate analytical formulas are obtained that describe quite completely behavior of fields in the low-frequency range. The accuracy of using the quasi-stationary approximation is analyzed. The possibility of replacing the actual surface impedance with a plane wave impedance, normally falling on the interface. For a number of experiments carried out on the Kola Peninsula in the framework of the international cooperation (FENICS-2014, FENICS-2019), the frequency boundaries of the applicability of the approximate approach in assessing conductivity of the Earth.


Wetland Biodiversity plays an important role in maintaining the wetland ecological function and ecosystem stability.The further development of wetland biodiversity research has the vital significance for biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration,and also provides a reliable basis for the formulation of sustainable utilization planning.This paper introduces general natural situation of Tieling Lianhua lake wetland,reviews the existing research results from the diversity of plant communities,the animal species diversity and biodiversity evaluation of some plant species,and prospects the further research on Tieling Lianhua lake wetland biodiversity.


After a probation revocation hearing, the trial court found that the appellant violated his probation by using cocaine and by committing three new offenses: theft, dealing in stolen property, and providing false verification of ownership to a secondhand dealer. The appellant raises multiple issues on appeal. We agree with the appellant that the trial court erred in finding that he provided false verification of ownership to a secondhand dealer, and we reverse for resentencing. We find no merit in the appellant's other arguments.


Most of the brake linings used are based on metal fiber reinforced phenolic resin, which is a composite of 15-20 constituents and is generally called semi metallic brakes. In practice, asbestos, antimony, and their modified version of organic composite brake materials are used which possess good strength, resistance to temperature, chemicals and wear. In the present work, mechanical and dry sliding wear behavior of non-asbestos organic (NAO) friction composites namely; antimony and SiC-I-Cu filled phenol formaldehyde (PF) were studied following the ASTM standards. The tribological behavior was studied under dry sliding conditions using a pin-on-disc apparatus. Experimental results showed that there is a marginal improvement in the compression strength and hardness SiC-ICu filled phenol formaldehyde (SiC-I-Cu-PF) than that of antimony ones. Further, the coefficient of friction increased in SiC-I-Cu-PF composite. However, the ks increased with increase in sliding velocity and decreased with increase in the applied load. Scanning electron micrographs are used to analyze the fracture and worn surface morphologies.


While humans are adept at recognizing emotional states conveyed by facial expressions, the current literature suggests that they lack accurate metacognitions about their performance in this domain. This finding comes from global trait-based questionnaires that assess the extent to which an individual perceives him or herself as empathic, as compared to other people. Those who rate themselves as empathically accurate are no better than others at recognizing emotions. Metacognition of emotion recognition can also be assessed using relative measures that evaluate how well a person thinks s/he has understood the emotion in a particular facial display as compared to other displays. While this is the most common method of metacognitive assessment of people's judgments of learning or their feelings of knowing, this kind of metacognition— " relative meta-accuracy " — has not been studied within the domain of emotion. As well as asking for global metacognitive judgments, we asked people to provide relative, trial-by-trial prospective and retrospective judgments concerning whether they would be right or wrong in recognizing the expressions conveyed in particular facial displays. Our question was: Do people know when they will be correct in knowing what expression is conveyed, and do they know when they do not know? Although we, like others, found that global meta-accuracy was unpredictive of performance, relative meta-accuracy, given by the correlation between participants' trial-by-trial metacognitive judgments and performance on each item, were highly accurate both on the Mind in the Eyes task (Experiment 1) and on the Ekman Emotional Expression Multimorph task (in Experiment 2). This article addresses the question of whether people know when they understand others' emotional expressions. Metacogni-tion— knowing when one knows and when one does not know—is a skill that is both separate from the more basic level emotion recognition itself, and that has the potential to confer a number of benefits. If one is accurate in knowing that one knows for certain what another person is feeling, then it is not necessary to devote time and effort to further determining what the other person's emotion is. One can act, or choose not to act, on one's knowledge of the other person's emotional state directly. In contrast, there is a distinct value to being able to correctly assess that one does not know what the other person's emotional expression is conveying. Rather than acting precipitously, an individual—with good meta-cognitions— can, when they know that they don't know, take …


Direct-to-consumer advertising of pharmaceuticals has led to questions of whether consumers benefit from the additional drug information, or are harmed by being induced to pursue prescriptions that are unnecessary or even dangerous. We conducted an empirical study of the relation between advertising and prescribing for Cox-2 inhibitors, one of the most controversial drug classes over the past decade. We find that the net effect of advertising is to get patients in front of their physicians. More surprising, we find that increased advertising is connected with a decrease in the rate of Cox-2 prescriptions for people at risk from the drugs.