OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to clarify the effect of swimming exercise during 12 weeks on total body bone mineral density(T-BMD) in rats. METHODS: After a week of stabilization, sixteen male Wister-Kyoto (WKY) rats at the age of 4 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: non-swimming control group(Cont group; n=8) and swimming exercise group(Swim group; n=8). After more two weeks of adaptational period to swimming exercise, the Swim group exercised in the pool with 60min/day, 5day/week for 12 weeks. All rats were allowed free access to food and tap water in all groups. T-BMD and BMC were measured three times at initial, middle and end of the experimental period. After experimental period, rats were sacrificed and femur bones were removed for measure of BMD and bone intensity. RESULTS: The mean intake volume(g/day/rat) during over experimental period of Swim group were approximately 6.6% higher than that of Cont group(p<0.01) while there are not significant difference in the body weight between two groups. Although T-BMC of Swim group was approximately 15%(p<0.001) and 16%(p<0.001) higher than those of Cant group, respectively, at both of after 6 weeks and end of exercise period, T-BMD of Swim group was approximately 1.8%(p<0.05) higher than that of Cant group at only end of exercise period. Femur mass, BMD, BMC and elasticity of Swim group were approximately 4.6%(p<0.001), 5.2%(p<0.01), 12.3%(p<0.001) and 20.2%(p<0.05) higher than those of Cant group, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that swimming exercise might improve BMD in both total body and a part of bone and there are a difference between quantity and quality in bone growth.


A random vibration approach has earlier been used to perform earthquake response analysis of seismically isolated, multistory shear-type buildings. In this paper the method is modified for application to bridges that may be idealized as a simple beam supported by isolating devices. Response analysis of a seismically isolated structure is a nonlinear problem, where the nonlinear deformations are concentrated at the isolating bearings. Several approximations are needed when applying the random vibration theory. It is therefore considered necessary to compare the results with other methods. A numerical example shows that there is good agreement between the results obtained by the classical time-domain method and the random vibration approach. The random vibration approach is computationally more effective than the time-domain method.


The Quaternaryoutwash, characterizedby the dripstonebounded by the gray and yellow shale and mudstone, is discovered in the Mang'ai depression of Qaidam basin. The dripstoneis up to 4 cm×12 cm with complicated compositions owing to the volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary origin. The sporo-pollen analysisrevealed that it is formed in Quaternary period, most probably Pleistocene epoch, coinciding with the Quaternary glacial epochof West China although the detailed age is, as yet, uncertain. The strong evidence of outwash existed in the Mang'ai depression is of great importance to the research on the evolution and paleoclimate, paleogeography of Qingzang plateauof Quaternary glacial epochof China. Moreover, it reveals that a whole ice cover in the Quaternary does not cover the Qingzang plateau.


The field of chemical computation attempts to model computational behavior that arises when molecules, typically nucleic acids, are mixed together. Thermodynamic binding networks (TBNs) is a highly abstracted model that focuses on which molecules are bound to each other in a"thermodynamically stable"sense. Stability is measured based only on how many bonds are formed and how many total complexes are in a configuration, without focusing on how molecules are binding or how they became bound. We study the problem of signal amplification: detecting a small quantity of some molecule and amplifying its signal to something more easily detectable. This problem has natural applications such as disease diagnosis. By focusing on thermodynamically favored outcomes, we seek to design chemical systems that perform the task of signal amplification robustly without relying on kinetic pathways that can be error prone and require highly controlled conditions (e.g., PCR amplification). It might appear that a small change in concentrations can result in only small changes to the thermodynamic equilibrium of a molecular system. However, we show that it is possible to design a TBN that can"exponentially amplify"a signal represented by a single copy of a monomer called the analyte: this TBN has exactly one stable state before adding the analyte and exactly one stable state afterward, and those two states"look very different"from each other. We also show a corresponding negative result: a doubly exponential upper bound, meaning that there is no TBN that can amplify a signal by an amount more than doubly exponential in the number and sizes of different molecules that comprise it. Our work informs the fundamental question of how a thermodynamic equilibrium can change as a result of a small change to the system (adding a single molecule copy).


This paper explores the effects of deregulation and globalization on the dominant mode of corporate governance in Swedish public firms. The effects are multidimensional—the direction of change in corporate governance cannot be determined by simply examining whether a convergence towards the Anglo-Saxon model is occurring. Dispersed ownership with management control has not proven to be a viable model of corporate governance for Swedish listed companies. Instead, the control models with the most rapid growth in the most recent decades are found outside the stock market, notably private equity and foreign ownership. After a major revival of the Swedish stock market its importance for the Swedish economy is again in decline. Instead of adjustments in pertinent institutions and practices to ensure effectiveness of the corporate governance of Swedish public firms under these new conditions, a great deal of endogenous adjustment of the ownership structure has taken place.


The major photoeffects affecting the dc and RF performance of depletion mode Al(0.3)Ga(0.7)As/GaAs HEMTs are presented. When photons are absorbed only in the GaAs layer, an increase in the electron concentration of the 2-DEG channel is estimated (photoconductive effect). When photons are also absorbed in the AlGaAs layer the gate junction photovoltage is calculated (photovoltaic effect). 11 refs.


The development of domain ontological models, though being a mature research arena backed by well-established methodologies, still suffer from two key shortcomings. Firstly, the issues concerning the semantic persistency of ontology concepts and their flexible reuse in domain development employing existing approaches. Secondly, due to the difficulty in understanding and reusing top-level concepts in existing foundational ontologies, the obfuscation regarding the semantic nature of domain representations. The paper grounds the aforementioned shortcomings in representation diversity and proposes a three-fold solution - (i) a pipeline for rendering concepts reuse-ready, (ii) a first characterization of a minimalistic foundational knowledge model, named foundational teleology, semantically explicating foundational distinctions enforcing the static as well as dynamic nature of domain representations, and (iii) a flexible, reuse-native methodology for diversity-aware domain development exploiting solutions (i) and (ii). The preliminary work reported validates the potentiality of the solution components.


T internationalization of higher education is centered on internationalism. It is, however, often misperceived as emulating the experience of the West in a global context of Western dominance. Such an understanding is theoretically inaccurate and practically infeasible. As part of the much wider interplay between civilizations, the internationalization of higher education has to be like a two-way traffic flow of culture. Within this process, universities have a unique role to play, both as a product and as a producer. Every member of the human community needs to be good at both learning from others and reaching out to the world.


.......................................................................................................i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .........................................................................................iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ..........................................................................................Iv LIST OF FIGURES...............................................................................................viii LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND............................................................1 1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION...............................................................................1 1.2 GEOLOGIC AND TECTONIC SETTING...................................................................1 1.3 MINING IN NEW CALEDONIA: IMPORTANCE, HISTORY, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, AND PUBLIC HEALTH.............................................................................................5 1.4 MINERALOGY AND NOMENCLATURE..................................................................7 1.5 TEM STUDIES OF NICKEL PHYLLOSILICATES......................................................14 1.6 OBJECTIVE.............................................................................................15 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY................................................................................17 2.1 SAMPLE ACQUISITION AND SELECTION.............................................................17


Abstract A four-way suspended-stripline power divider is presented in this letter. The power dividing network is designed by using the suspended stripline, while the isolation network is designed by using the microstrip line. The vias are used to connect the power dividing network and the isolation network. The even- and odd-mode analysis method is applied to design the presented power divider. The simulated and measured results of the presented power divider show reasonable agreement with each other. The measured input return loss in the band is greater than 28 dB (7.92 to 9.53 GHz), while the measured insertion loss is less than 0.37 dB. The measured output return loss is greater than 20 dB from 7.82 to 9.86 GHz. Besides, the measured output isolation is greater than 20 dB.


Commentary on: Hamilton PA, Marcos LS, Secic M. Performance of infrared ear and forehead thermometers: a comparative study in 205 febrile and afebrile children. J Clin Nurs 2013;22:2509–18.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3]

 [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJ%2BClin%2BNurs%26rft.volume%253D22%26rft.spage%253D2509%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1111%252Fjocn.12060%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F23388031%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
 [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1111/jocn.12060&link_type=DOI
 [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=23388031&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F17%2F4%2F115.atom


A CW FEL User Facility for the VUV to soft X-ray spectral range using a cascaded HGHG-FEL scheme is planned at the BESSY site. Beam acceleration to 2.3 GeV is provided by a 144-cavity superconducting driver linac based on TESLA technology modified for CW operation. Initially, a high-rep-rate normal-conducting photoinjector will be used but a fully CW superconducting version is being investigated for a future upgrade. The required 2 kA peak current is achieved with two bunch compressors. An overview of the linac layout is provided here. Also discussed are the impact of CW operation, modifications to the TESLA technology that are necessary, as well as the expected linac performance.


Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radars are vulnerable to deceptive jamming launched by false target generators that send jamming signals with the goal of pretending that the radar echo signals are reflected by faked targets. In this paper, we present a reinforcement learning based energy efficient power control scheme to detect deceptive jamming for frequency diverse array MIMO radars. This scheme enables a radar to choose the transmit power over the antennas without relying on the known deceptive jamming model. Instead, based on the emergency level, the battery level, the echo signal quality, the antenna phase differences, the received jamming power and the previous detection error rate, this scheme improves the detection accuracy and the energy efficiency, and uses a Dyna architecture to train the learning parameters with the simulated jamming detection experiences for faster optimization in the dynamic game against deceptive jamming. Simulation results show that this scheme effectively improves the deceptive jamming detection accuracy and saves the radar energy. Index Terms–MIMO, radar, reinforcement learning, deceptive jamming.


With regard to the putting-Mout system,the traditional viewpoint held that the system had widely existed before the industrial revolution of the mid-M18th century,while it perished after that.In other word,the putting-Mout system in nature is a transitional form of production organization which is inevitably replaced by the enterprise one This paper insists that such a viewpoint fails in grasping the universal nature of the system as an organization mode for economic activities.In fact,the putting-Mout system has been widely adopted disregarding before or after the industrial revolution.The system maintains vigorous even in today and is still valuable in applicable sense. Adroit application of it may yield high efficiency in organizing economic activities.In this regard the paper provides two cases which have successfully applied the system.


This work empirically assessed whether corporate disclosures exert significant influence on stock performance of publicly listed firms in Nigeria. Specifically, we measured corporate disclosures using four dimensions – profit-related disclosure, governance-related disclosure, dividend-related disclosure, and CSR-related disclosure; whereas stock performance was gleaned by the published stock prices of companies for the relevant years. Secondary data from 25 sampled companies proportionately drawn from 5 different industrial groupings on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) were obtained and analysed with the least square regression technique along with selected tools and diagnostic tests. The study covered a time frame of 10 years (2012 to 2021). Research evidence proved that corporate disclosures which encompass all such disclosures that are either profit-related, governance-related, dividend-related or CSR-related significantly influence stock performance of publicly quoted firms. Pursuant of the findings, our recommendation amongst others was that public firms should improve on the volume, timeliness and accuracy of their disclosures to further improve positive stock performance.
Keywords: Disclosures, Profitability, Governance, Dividend, Social Responsibility, Stock, Nigeria.


Janine de Peyer has done pioneering work in (re)opening the exploration of uncanny phenomena within the context of the psychoanalytic encounter. In this response her achievement is celebrated and placed against the backdrop of recent advances in Jungian or Analytical Psychology. In particular the application of complexity theory to synchronistic phenomena is suggested as a valuable means of assess these experiences. The use of field theory to help capture the distributed, nonlocal aspect of the interactive field active in such material is traced back to 19th-century physics and William James's introduction of this concept into psychology. In an attempt to take another step forward, an ecological approach to these phenomena is suggested.


The invention concerns a method consisting in: coupling the card (24), initially configured for a first application, with a terminal (14); executing a particular transaction, operating a software reconfiguration of the card for a target-application such that the resulting reconfigured card emulates a card specific to the target-application; and executing a target-application transaction. The method provides that the card should be generally reset, except for the non-volatile memory, at each configuration change. Subsequently, it consists in coupling the card, reconfigured for the target-application, with a terminal of the first application, and executing another particular transaction, returning to the first application software configuration. The first application can in particular be a GSM radio telephone SIM card, and the target-application a token-facility application.


Recent developments in the derivation of reduced models for weakly compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are discussed. A four-field system of equations has been derived from the compressible MHD equations to describe turbulence in the interstellar medium and the solar wind. These equations apply to a plasma permeated by a spatially varying mean magnetic field when the plasma beta is of the order unity or less. In the presence of spatial inhomogeneities, the four-field equations predict pressure fluctuations of the order of the Mach number of the turbulence, as observed by Helios 1 and 2. In the presence of a uniform background field and a spatially homogeneous plasma, the four-field system reduces to the so-called nearly incompressible system. In the weak-turbulence limit, dominated by three-wave interactions, the anisotropic energy spectrum is deduced by a combination of exact analytical results and numerical simulations.


The invention provides a method for preparing a flexible electrode, wherein titanium dioxide nanorod arrays grow on a surface of a carbon fabric regarded as a substrate. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) putting the carbon fabric in a solution formed by mixing butyl titanate, hydrochloric acid and water, wherein the percent by volume of the butyl titanate is 4%-5%, the percent by volume of the hydrochloric acid is 41%-52%, and the balance is water; and (2) heating the carbon fabric contained mixed solution at a temperature of 170-200 DEG C for 40-60 minutes by adopting microwaves to obtain a titanium dioxide nanocrystalline electrode. Prior to the step (1), the method further comprises a cleaning step, in which the carbon fabric is subjected to ultrasonic processing for 30-60 minutes by respectively using acetone, water and ethanol. The method effectively solves the problems of infirm bonding between titanium dioxide granules and the substrate, and disordered growing in the conventional photoanode preparing process; for the first time, the titanium dioxide nanorod arrays evenly and firmly grow on the surface of the carbon fabric, and are synthesized once only; and the method is simple, has low cost for the reacting raw materials, is efficient and fast, thereby being favorable for popularization.


In evaluating the efficacy of biologic agents in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one interesting feature of the meta-analysis by Favalli and colleagues [Favalli et al. 2012] is that outcomes were expressed as damage progression (namely, annual radiographic progression [ARP] rate). Although expressing outcomes this way raises a number of methodologic issues, the methods adopted by Favalli and colleagues were accurate and convincing, and so their analysis offered a new perspective for interpreting the benefits of biologic agents.

The initial analysis of Favalli and colleagues included 12 studies and found a mean difference of nearly −30% in the ARP rate for biologics in comparison with methotrexate as well as a high heterogeneity (I2 = 99%). After excluding the two most asymmetrical studies in the funnel plot, the plot's results were improved and the mean improvement was less pronounced (mean difference = −18.7%; 95% confidence interval: −29.9% to 7.44%); however, heterogeneity remained very high (I2 = 100%). To reduce heterogeneity, Favalli and colleagues separated the 12 trials into a subgroup including studies on early disease (5 trials) and a subgroup including studies on late disease (7 trials). Even after this separation, heterogeneity remained high (I2 = 97% and 99% for the two subgroups, respectively).

We have re-analysed the same data included in Favalli and colleagues' study by application of metaregression. This statistical technique was applied as described previously [Messori et al. 2012a, 2012b; Vasques et al. 2012]. In performing our analysis, the metaregression first assessed two covariates ('year of publication' and 'disease stage' classified as early versus late) and its stepwise process left out the covariate 'disease stage' (since its significance, p = 0.464, was far from the prespecified threshold of p = 0.10). At the next step, the results of metaregression indicated that 'year of publication' was a significant covariate.

Figure 1 illustrates these results. According to the regression line, the values of mean difference varied from −65% in 2000 to −10% in 2012. A smaller and smaller absolute difference with time (from approximately 65% in 2000 to 10% in 2012) means that the incremental effectiveness (or improvement) of biologics has decreased over the time interval examined. More importantly, this annual loss of improvement was clinically relevant and showed a clear statistical significance (annual loss of improvement 4.59%; p = 0.014). Interestingly enough, the residual heterogeneity found in our analysis after incorporation of this covariate was at I2 = 84.8%; as compared with the I2 values found by Favalli and colleagues, there was a reduction in heterogeneity, although our value remained high.

Figure 1.

Meta-regression analysis of temporal trends of mean difference in effectiveness between biologics and methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis from 2000 to 2012 (12 randomized trials; data obtained from Tables 3 and 4 of Favalli et al. [2012]). The values ...

In conclusion, the analysis of Favalli and colleagues has the merit of focusing on an important clinical outcome. Our metaregression of the same data suggests another interpretation, i.e. that biologics have apparently reduced, with time, their incremental benefit over methotrexate. While our findings are difficult to interpret and could simply be coincidental, investigating the main determinants of the efficacy of biologics in RA remains a matter of further study. In this framework, the various hypotheses presented by Favalli and colleagues are another step forward in the knowledge of treatments for this disease.


Abstract Carrying out the X-ray analysis on pronounced notches, on transitions of transverse sections or on components with small cylindrical profiles using the sin2ψ-method demands the appropriate experience, special testing equipment and attention to various circumstances. The choice of a suitable primary gate is significant. Glass capillaries with significantly higher intensity than conventional aperture gates are employed. The primary beam's diameter is derived from the gate type, gate diameter, distance of the primary gate from the diffractometer centre and the type of beam. The ratio of the primary beam's diameter to the notch radius should preferable not exceed ⅕ to ¼. However, the local irradiated measuring area must, in any case, be small enough such that a mainly homogeneous stress condition with a linear distribution of interference line locations is measured. Furthermore, owing to the grain size statistic, the variations of the measurement values along the notch root and the lower intensity, the primary gate's diameter must not turn out be too small. By using an X-ray beam with a high lateral resolution, one can partially resort to a translation along the notch. A precise and reproducibly adjustable X-ray beam, a diffractometer with both a high precision axis and a small error sphere and both a definite and a reproducibly locatable specimen are of equally substantial importance. Errors in adjusting the X-ray beam or the notched specimen become noticeable from the geometric ψ-separations. Verification of the measuring procedure is essential for reliable analyses. As the investigations here confirm, feasible results are attainable with the available X-ray analysis using the sin2ψ-method for the V-notch of a Charpy impact specimen. This is demonstrated by the measurements of the loading stresses on a V-notch specimen. The concentration factors determined here for the case of the X-ray method are in very good agreement with the FEM calculations. This contrasts with the concentration factors determined with strain gauges, which turn out to be significantly smaller. The residual stresses at the notch root, which were produced by manufacturing the steel V-notched specimens under different grinding conditions, by up-cut milling and after stress relieving, are largely comparable with the results for flat and for less pronounced notch geometries found in the scientific literature. Thus, specific and reproducibly different manufacturing states at the notch root of Charpy impact specimens can be produced to determine the implications for the behaviour of the Charpy impact test. An increasing practical demand for local residual stress analysis methods for examining even smaller geometries in the future, underlines the significance of reliable X-ray stress analyses with high lateral resolution.


Not long ago, the significance of underwater wireless optical communication has been developed for utilization of submerged investigation and ocean audit arrangements. This Undersea Wi-Fi visual connection technology is normal to play a predominant act in inspecting climate changes, prediction of natural crashes, and discovery of natural resources, marine biology, sea, and ocean environment. This underwater modulation & demodulation system have long been the default Wi-Fi communication method for acoustic applications due to their long distance range, the need for rapid communication inspire the expedition of non-acoustic approaches that have been already neglected due to their distance bar. UWOC has been recommended as the finest different scheme, in order to take the limitations in acoustic underwater communication. In this paper, four parameters of underwater optical wireless communication have been studied in theoretical and mathematical aspects. These are: 1) BER 2) Bandwidth 3) FOV 4) UWOC ISI channel capacity. The above parameters are calculated by simple and closed form expression like Monte Carlo simulations using various link ranges in different water types. This provides a complete and easy way to calculate the system performance such as BER and bandwidth based on this model of signal response. Equalizer designed based on the advanced modeling function has been adopted in high speed UWOC system.


This paper is concerned with an asymptotic analysis of hierarchical production planning in a stochastic manufacturing system consisting of machines that are subject to breakdown and repair. The system produces a single product whose rate of demand over time is constant. The problem is formulated as a continuous-time dynamic programming problem in which the objective is to minimize the cost of production, inventories, and backlogs. The size of the buffer between the two adjacent machines is assumed to have lower and upper bound constraints. As the rates of change of the machine states approach infinity, the analysis results in a limiting problem in which the stochastic machine availability is replaced by its equilibrium mean availability. The value function for the original problem converges to the value function of the limiting problem. A method of shrinking,'', total lifting,'' and modification'' is introduced in order to construct near-optimal controls for the original problem by using near-optimal controls of the limiting problem. The convergence rate of the value function for the original problem to that of the limiting problem is established. This helps in providing an error estimate for the constructed open-loop asymptotic optimal control.


In Chile, like in other Latin American countries, cancer incidence is rising rapidly with a massive social and economic burden, and this situation has worsened after the COVID19 outbreak. In 1986 the Chilean government created two antineoplastic drugs for adults (PANDA) and children (PINDA). Later, several cancers, cancer prevention plans and palliative services were covered by the GES/AUGE plan. However, the lack of a national cancer register, disparities in coverage and centralisation of specialists and oncologic infrastructure made the creation of a new National Cancer Plan necessary. Civil society, particularly non-governmental organisations (NGOs), pushed for a National Cancer Law as the legal framework for the National Cancer Plan. Their role is crucial to expose the patient perspective. Likewise, the collaborative work with clinic specialists, scientific societies, government and stakeholders is essential to face a multifactorial disease such as cancer. In this article, we analyse the role of civil society, particularly NGOs, in developing the Chilean National Cancer Plan and the National Cancer law. Through public consultation (including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology-COLAB platform, telephone and online surveys), we show that the community's main concerns were treatment financing, coverage, transparency of public policies, integral cancer care, health promotion and prevention. Historically, NGOs have played an assistant role; however, this is changing towards a more preponderant role in public policies, as seen in other developed countries, giving the strength to the civil society to collaborate in the construction of patient-centred cancer policies.
Key words: Cancer policies, Cancer law, NGO, Chile, civil society.


In this paper, a space-driven two-stage spur gear system is taken as the research object, and a 10 DOF dynamic model is established. Considering the high load characteristics of the space drive system and the time-varying stiffness and tooth clearance of the gear system, a nonlinear dynamic response analysis was performed. The characteristics of the vibration acceleration, shock and transmission error of the gear system are studied in this paper. This paper analyzes the relationship between backlash and return difference, and derives the theoretical formula between the two. The time-varying stiffness was corrected to make the theoretical model closer to reality. The research in this paper enriches the study on space drive systems and high load gear systems.


Increased IFN- a signaling is a heritable risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IFN induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) is a cytoplasmic dsRNA sensor that activates IFN- a pathway signaling. We studied the impact of the autoimmune-disease–associated IFIH1 rs1990760 (A946T) single nucleotide polymorphism upon IFN- a signaling in SLE patients in vivo. We studied 563 SLE patients (278 African-American, 179 European-American, and 106 Hispanic-American). Logistic regression models were used to detect genetic associations with autoantibody traits, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze IFN- a –induced gene expression in PBMCs in the context of serum IFN- a in the same blood sample. We found that the rs1990760 T allele was associated with anti-dsDNA Abs across all of the studied ancestral backgrounds (meta-analysis odds ratio = 1.34, p = 0.026). This allele also was associated with lower serum IFN- a levels in subjects who had anti-dsDNA Abs ( p = 0.0026). When we studied simultaneous serum and PBMC samples from SLE patients, we found that the IFIH1 rs1990760 T allele was associated with increased IFN-induced gene expression in PBMCs in response to a given amount of serum IFN- a in anti-dsDNA–positive This effect was independent of the STAT4 genotype, which modulates sensitivity to IFN- a in a similar way. Thus, the IFIH1 rs1990760 Tallele was associated with dsDNA Abs, and in patients with anti-dsDNA Abs this risk allele increased sensitivity to IFN- a signaling. These studies suggest a role for the IFIH1 risk allele in SLE in vivo. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 000–000.


A trisomy 4p14 leads to 4pter in a 15-year-old girl is reported. The main features are physical and mental retardation and the absence of gross malformations. The relevance of other symptoms found in the patient is discussed.


2 What is the typical schedule/duration for the EE workshop and train-the trainer (TTT) faculty course? The EE workshop is an intensive half-day program (4.5 hours). The train-thetrainer (TTT) faculty course is 3.75 days. Individuals who complete the EE TTT and become certified as IHC faculty members are then qualified to lead EE workshops in their own organizations, according to their own scheduling needs and preferences. EE programs conducted by IHC personnel are scheduled based on mutual convenience and senior faculty availability.


Recently a small, minimally-perturbing, isotropic, and easy-to-use fiberoptic microwave E-field probe has been developed. This probe senses microwave energy by measuring the Joule heating of a susceptor material. It consists of two Luxtron Fluoroptic sensors. One measures the temperature of the susceptor formed as a thin-walled spherical shell, the other measures the temperature of the air around the susceptor so that any ambient temperature change can be subtracted. The differential temperature (δT) obtained between the two sensors is directly related to the microwave E-field strength or the power density corresponding to that field strength at the probe.


Addresses in broadcasting high-bandwidth networks have attracted much research interest in multimedia networking applications and services. The recognition of users' demands plays a key role in the development and management of usable and useful services. This paper introduces a dynamic images dissemination technique that incorporates dynamic images into a carousel cycle. It utilizes data carousel technique to disseminate desktop screens of personal computers via high-bandwidth data broadcast networks. The proposed technique provides fast resiliency and fair transmission for new and old images of the carousel cycle.


Abstract Pontoporeia affinis was maintained in the laboratory at 6 C for over 3 months, during which time the animals reproduced successfully. They appeared to require a silty substrate into which they could burrow, and any marked circulation or agitation of the water had an adverse effect upon them. A mixture of a powdered egg-yolk preparation and dehydrated cereal-grass leaf powder was the most successful food source. Temperature tolerance tests resulted in a 24-hr TLm of 12 C, a 96-hr TLm of 10.8 C, and a 30-day TLm of 10.4 C.


Abstract Software application textbooks are evolving from a tutorial-based activity (in which learning the software is primary) to a problem-based activity (in which solving a business problem with the assistance of a software tool is primary). Teachers must now focus on teaching students how to use software/hardware functions to solve business problems that require high-level thinking skills. Classroom problems should consist of enough background about the business situation to present a fairly realistic representation and enough software information to complete the problem; this approach is more effective than the step-by-step, follow-the-text routine in helping students to develop critical thinking skills.


It is well known that several chromosomal syndromes as well as chromosomal instability syndromes are cancer prone. A thorough cytogenetic study (in certain cancer prone syndrome) that may bring out any associated factors if any in the transformation of precancerous status to cancerous status making use of both chromosomal aberrations (CA) analysis and cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome assay (CBMN cyt) was undertaken. Blood samples were collected from the cancer prone chromosomal syndromesDown syndrome (n=20); Gonadal Dysgenesis (n=5); Chromosomal instability syndromes Aplastic Anemia (n=5). Age and sex matched ethnic controls (n=30). A significantly higher frequencies of CA, micronuclei (MNi) and various nuclear anomalies were observed in the patients in comparison to the controls (p<0.001). The Aplastic Anemia patients showed a higher frequency of genomic instability followed by Gonadal Dysgenesis and Down syndrome. Therefore these biomarkers could be used to predict the risk of malignant transformation of cancer prone chromosomal syndromes.


Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who have not previously received DOAK by it is not advisable to prescribe POAC for the prevention of thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 due to the lack of clinical trial results, significant potential interactions.


Rapidly advancing animal telemetry technologies paired with new statistical models can provide insight into the behaviour of otherwise unobservable free‐living animals. Changes in behaviour apparent from pairing telemetry with statistical models often occur as animals undertake key life‐history activities, such as reproduction. For many species that are secretive or occupy remote areas, these life‐history events are difficult to detect with conventional survey techniques, and consequently, vital rates are difficult to estimate. We present a hierarchical modelling framework, which integrates movement data observed via animal‐borne telemetry and optional, infrequent survey data, to estimate individual‐ and population‐level reproductive success. The approach combines a mechanistic movement model and survival model, and allows for assessing the effects of hypothesized individual and environmental covariates on reproductive success. We first tested our approach with simulated data, and then applied it to movement data from migratory golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) breeding in southcentral Alaska across four breeding seasons. We show that results supported our biological hypotheses that changes in movement coincided with the timing of reproductive failures, and that changes in movement could be used to assess breeding success (and failure) at the individual and population levels. The analysis also provided evidence of inter‐annual variation in population‐level nest success and the timing of nesting failures. This new approach is adaptable to many species that care for young and can be tracked with telemetry devices, and can provide not only individual‐level information useful for testing ecological hypotheses, but estimates of demographic parameters that can directly inform conservation and management if tagged animals are representative of the population.


The present study conducts to investigate the effect of Slurry Infiltration Fiber Concrete (SIFCON) matrix on flexural response of Ferro cement slabs. For this purpose a total of 14 Ferro cement slabs with SIFCON of size (500*120*25 mm) are cast and tested. The major variables studied in this investigation include the number of mesh layers and various volume ratio of discrete steel fiber (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%). Structural performance parameters used for comparisons are load–deflection curves, ultimate load and corresponding deflection at failure, energy absorption and failure mode and crack pattern. The inclusion of SIFCON in the Ferro cement slabs can significantly improve its flexural strength and energy absorption may be concluded. Furthermore, reduction in crack width with a large number of cracks is observed in specimens contain SIFCON compared to control specimens.


Factors contributing to construction machines, hand tools and power tools in building multistory buildings have been investigated. 212 non-fatal injuries have been analyzed in terms of identification of type of machine and tool used, indirect cause of injury, the way in which injury has occurred, severity, injured body parts and the role of the injured worker in the work process. Research has shown that trucks and tower cranes are the riskiest machines while circular saw, grinder and drilling machine are the riskiest mechanical tools. Wheelbarrow and hammer are the riskiest hand tools. Most of the injuries happen due to the "Incorrect realization of work operation". Operators are the most injured workers considering all types of machines except tower cranes. Severity levels are higher when machines and mechanical tools are used. Hand-arm and foot-leg are the most vulnerable body parts but body-torso and other multiple injuries are right behind. "Struck by an object", "Struck against", "Caught in, under or between", "Fall to level below" and "Excessive physical strain and exhaustion of the organism" are the most probable ways for an injury to occur while using construction machinery and tools.


Holding representations of a range of elements (i.e., numbers, dates, and arbitrary sequences) is known to produce response interference effects, where response execution is influenced by the spatial layout of these representations. One illustration of this is the ordinal position effect, where items at the beginning of a sequence held in working memory facilitate faster left-sided responses, whereas items towards the end of the sequence facilitate faster rightsided responses. The question of investigation is whether the ordinal position effect can be seen in hierarchically organized sequences. As their basic task, participants had to localize via a key press a given color target among three, horizontally arranged color stimuli. Sequences of color targets were organized in terms of two ordered chunks (e.g., red-green-blue—green-blue-red). We hypothesized that when the within-chunk position matched with the position of the color target, responses would be faster and more accurate than in the case of a mismatch. We also predicted that congruent responses would be faster and more accurate in the first chunk compared to the second. However, we obtained no evidence for a congruency effect between the sequential and spatial position even though subjects clearly used a hierarchically organized sequential representation. A possible explanation for this null-result is that different from previous research, our paradigm allowed participants to prepare for the upcoming serial position, before having to respond to the spatial stimulus. We speculate that this may have eliminated a critical condition for the expected congruency effect, namely the temporal overlap between the sequential representation and the stimulus-driven location representation.


The utility model provides a rapid connecting module of a bracket, which comprises a buckling piece unit, a connecting buckle unit and plug pins. The buckling piece unit adopts a polygon piece body; a sleeve hole sleeved on a main rod is arranged on the buckling piece unit; a plurality of first jacks are arranged on the buckling piece unit at the periphery of the sleeve hole; two buckling blocks are convexly arranged at the front end of the connecting buckle unit; a buckling groove which can be sleeved on the buckling piece unit is formed between the two buckling blocks; second jacks which are vertically communicated with the buckling groove are arranged on the two buckling blocks respectively; and the plug pins are long strips with rectangular sections and can be inserted into the second jacks of the connecting buckle unit and the first jacks of the buckling piece unit, so that the connecting buckle unit and the buckling piece unit are mutually connected. The rapid connecting module can achieve the purposes of stable and safe connection and simple and rapid assembly and disassembly.


In this work we determined the transport diffusivities of CO2, CH4, N2, O2, and Ar in Leu–Ser dipeptide crystals, which display unidirectional 4.9 A-wide nanochannels. The effects of crystal length, temperature, pore loading and of the molecular size of the guests were investigated. We show that the mass transport in Leu–Ser crystals is fast, in the upper end of the values reported for zeolites, and that the pore blocking may be significant.


Propagation of magnetic island caused by drift-tearing instability is numerically investigated based on a reduced set of two-fluid equations. It is found that the island propagates into the ion diamagnetic direction when the island growth is saturated, and the propagation velocity becomes small as the viscosity increases. The island propagates with zonal flow generated by drift-tearing instability, because flattening of pressure inside the island is enhanced by parallel ion velocity. The mechanism of zonal flow generation depends on the viscosity. When the viscosity is small, the flow driven by the Reynolds stress is diminished by the Maxwell stress, and the small difference between them is overcome by the ion diamagnetic stress, and thus the zonal flow directs toward the ion diamagnetic direction. When the viscosity is large, the viscous stress is counteracted by the Reynolds and the Maxwell stresses, and the small difference between them is overcome by the ion diamagnetic stress, and thus zonal flow dir...


In January 2015, I attended the Emerging Markets Symposium on Ageing, held in Oxford, UK. A group of 50 experts, from 20 countries and a range of relevant disciplines, collaborated to produce recommendations designed to be of practical value to policymakers faced with the challenges of population ageing. The topic is timely because the proportion of the population over age 65 is increasing in Emerging Market countries at an accelerated rate; changes that developed over 150 years in developed countries such as Britain or the USA will occur over a period of 25 years in the Emerging Markets (EMs). This article will highlight the main themes from the Symposium and encourage interested readers to move on to the full report (see below).


The coincidence measurements of annihilation radiation from a sample of CrO3 containing 4.72 g of 50 Cr were performed using a horizontal HPGe detector shielded by a NaI annulus with a NaI plug. The whole setup was within a heavy iron shielding. The signature of both the two neutrino and the neutrinoless positron-electron capture decay of 50 Cr is considered to be the 511−511 keV coincidence from the HPGe detector and the NaI plug, with no signal from the NaI annulus. No such events were observed during the twelve days measurement which yields an upper limit for the half-life of 50 Cr against the positronelectron capture decay of 2.6 · 10 18 y (at the 68% CL), what is an order of magnitude improvement over existing results.


Abstract An empirical model is presented for generating runoff hydrographs for nationwide drainage basins as a function of the drainage area, population desnity, and rainfall excess distribution. The model was tested against data obtained in a Southeast Michigan system.


【Objective 】The influence of base mutation of melanocortin Ⅰ receptor(MC1R) gene on segregation of coat color was studied to provide references for its breeding and genetic mechanism of coat color. 【Method】Primers were designed according to the MC1 R gene coding sequence(AF326520) obtained from Gen Bank. The total DNA in blood of 70 hybrid F2 generation of Landace ×Bama minipig was used as the template for PCR. The coding sequence of MC1 R was amplified and cloned by PCR. SNPs analysis of MC1 R gene was performed using PCR-SSCP. 【Result】MC1R gene coding sequence(CDS) of the hybrid F2 generation of Landace and Bama minipig was 963 bp, in which similarity was 99.37%, compared with its reference sequence. MC1 R gene coding sequences(CDS) in the hybrid F2 generation of Landace and Bama minipig had six mutations compared to sequences of MC1 R gene from Gen Bank. The base284 G →A caused amino acid95 Val →Met and306 T →C led to102 Leu →Pro, except 4 synonymous mutations, which were6C→T,51G→A,364T→C and730G→A. PCR-SSCP analysis showed that MC1 R displayed no polymorphism. 【Conclusion】MC1R gene has polymorphism in the hybrid F2 generation of Landace×Bama minipig and its genotype is ED1,but none of polymorphism is found from the CDS of MC1 R gene in the hybrid F2 generation of Landace ×Bama minipig, in which coat color was different, so coat color polymorphism can not be simply explained by polymorphism of MC1 R.


The real world consists of instances of events and continuous numeric values, while people represent and process their knowledge in terms of symbols. Fuzzy sets provide a strong notation connecting the symbolic representation to the real world. In previously proposed Conceptual Fuzzy Sets (CFS), the meaning of a concept is represented by the distribution of activations of labels in a bidirectional associative memory. In particular, a multilayered structured CFS represents the meaning of the same concept as it is used in various expressions in each layer. The propagation of activations corresponds to reasoning. Therefore, we propose a multilayered reasoning method associated to a multilayered structured CFS, which has the following features: (1) capable of simultaneous symbolic and quantitative processing, (2) capable of simultaneous top‐down and bottom‐up processing. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by practical examples of decision regarding the amount of steering in the task of parking a car, and recognition of facial expressions for an image understanding system. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Upon the inferences to be drawn from Libanius' borrowings from Philostratus, it seems that Pack and I have agreed to disagree. His able, if tendentious, criticism of my remarks and his restatement of his own view1 still ignore the fact that, in the writings of both Julian and Libanius in 362/63, there is no evidence to warrant the equation of the Julian-Libanius relationship with that of Marcus and Aristides. It is true that Julian apes Marcus and Libanius Aristides at that time. It does not therefore follow that they do so in their relations with each other. Moreover, no hint of Libanius' later imitation of Philostratus can be found in his account at the time of his dealings with Julian. In the Orations, the points upon which he lays most stress are the similarity of their rhetorical style and their relations in Nicomedeia.2 In the Letters, Libanius gives his friend Celsus an account of his meeting with Julian. Nothing resembling his later story can be found here. Julian, after almost failing to recognise the much-changed Libanius, greets him in a tone of playful badinage, to which the more sober-sided sophist responds, the intimate tone of each occasioning surprise. Only after an interval of some time does Julian invite him to produce the oration which we now have, the HTpoaycpv-Lxb4 -Jo0),vOCV4.3 Yet here surely is the place where one would expect to find some reference to the incident described in Or. 1. 120. Celsus himself is a pupil of Libanius; he is an orator who has recently declaimed in honor of Juliaii, and has had a long and intimate association with both the sophist and the emperor.4 If, as Pack claims, Julian and Libanius had the incident in Philostratus in mind at this time, surely Libanius would have drawn Celsus' attention to such a notable literary parallel. Yet all that he mentions of their conversation is its tone of jest. The omission of any such reference seems to me to suggest that Libanius' reading of Philostratus occurs later than 362. Like Pack, I find no evidence in Julian for any such acquaintance, and would therefore conclude that Pack's suggestion is without foundation. There is one matter noted by Pack which deserves more detailed treatment. This concerns the method which Libanius employed in the composition of his narrative at various times. Pack suggests that Libanius' treatment of Philostratus may be memory work from a much earlier knowledge of the Lives. However, the care with which Libanius follows the order of Philostratus' account seems to indicate that this is too charitable a view. Another and more detailed examination of his methods has recently been made, in a different context and for a different purpose, by M. Paul Petit.5 To my mind, this thorough study reinforces the view that, in such narrations as these, Libanius relies not so much upon his retentive memory as upon careful and constant reference to his authority. In other words, he is an adept in the art of cribbing.6 A. F. NORMAN


It analyzes the error of RTK surveying based on RTK systematic peculiarity. The influencing characters are discussed on all the error sources.In exploring the error in relation to the running-station and the observate task,the influence of antenna the attitude error,the transformation error of coordinate system and the interpolation error of geoid separation is researched detailedly.It finally brings forward the technical measure and the countermeasure.


In order to further overload protection devices for working machines, the invention proposes an overload protection with a power input element and a power output element before, frictionally rigidly connected by means of a form-fitting connection with each other and which are in an actuated overload protection movable relative to each other, wherein the overload protection characterized by an emergency running, by means of which which the force input member and the force output member at operated overload protection controls are conducted to each other connected to each other.


The ambient positive-ion composition of the upper atmosphere in the range 8 to 49 atomic mass units (AMU) was measured between 93 and 219 km by means of a Bennett radio-frequency mass spectrometer. The experiment was flown in the Navy Viking 10 rocket, launched from White Sands Proving Ground, Las Cruces, New Mexico, at 10h 00m MST, May 7, 1954. The most prominent ion peaks found between 93 and 124 km on the ascent were at 16, 26, 30, and 32 AMU. Other less prominent peaks occurred at 12, 18, 19, 21, 23, 38, and 45 AMU. From 124 to 219 km, ions of 16 and 32 AMU persisted. The results of this investigation are to be considered preliminary and need further verification, not only because the data were obtained from only one flight, but also because of complications introduced by a charge acquired by the rocket and by the evolution of gas from the rocket.


: The purpose of this article is to explore the concept of research-creation and its applicability within anthropology, focusing on the creation of plastic-sensorial artifacts as a valid source of knowledge. To this end, we first present a bibliographical review to contribute to the articulation of a field of methodological experimentation within anthropology, high-lighting its interdisciplinary nature and the dialogue with other knowledge from sociology, design, and media arts. Next, we present and critically discuss the concept of research-creation, indicating its relevance in conducting research whose results go beyond the textual, while producing knowledge that is inscribed in plastic-sensory artifacts. Three interconnected dimensions are proposed to understand a process of research-creation from anthropology: a methodological one, referring to the creation of records or data during fieldwork; a curatorial one, concerning at the possible combinations of the collected material; and a third public dimension, focusing on the circulation and agency of the outcomes of these research-creations. Finally, we investigate and describe an ethnographic case study with family members of people deprived of their liberty in Chile, a collaborative research-creation process that culmi-nated in a sound installation.


We examine the historical development of rules and customs associated with
the medical professionals in Venezuela and his appearance in society
according to the ethics and etiquette of the time, from the so-called renaissance
of medicine in the nineteenth century. In this work we investigate the various
documents reviewed, and medical ethics moves from social etiquette to the
medical label of Christian charity to charity, philanthropic character of ethics to
the ethics of behavior, and finally, of ethics and moral philosophical ethics,
moral and medical ethics.


Continuing security violations at the Washington National Records Center (WNRC) prompted the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) Office of Inspector General (OIG) to initiate an investigation in the interest of National Security. This report focuses on the missing boxes of materials identified at WNRC that were classified as TOP SECRET and Restricted Data. These are not permanent records of the National Archives and Records Administration. These boxes were being stored at WNRC at the request of other government agencies.


Rauvoljia serpentina (L) . Benth. ex Kurz. (Apocynaceae) commonly known as Sarpagandha, is an important medicinal plant. It is rapidly disappearing and is now listed as an endangered species. The seeds are non-viable and regeneration with seeds also does not allow true-to-type multiplication. Therefore, the study influence of indole-3-butyric acid (BA) in plant renaissance of Rauvoljia serpentina was undertaken to examined the role of (BA) for their stimulatory effects on Rauvoljia serpentina. The germplasm was collected from different sites of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, Twenty cuttings were planted in four replications. Four B A treatments viz. 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm, 6000 pprn and 7000 pprn and control were applied. Data on rooting and plant percent were recorded after twelve weeks of planting. In this study Rauvoljia serpentina, 7000 pprn B A generally showed better rooting and plant percent than other B A concentrations. Rooting percentage among all germplasm collections and all B A concentrations, except control, ranged from 50.0 to 62.5 per cent while plant percent varied from 45.0 to 56.3 per cent. The performance of 4000 pprn was significantly lower than 7000 ppm. Thus, irrespective of source of germplasm, this species could be reliably propagated with 7000 pprn B A .


A motion detector systemsearches ina sequenceofvideo framesforinformation thatreveals movementon the monitored scene.Motiondetection can beusedinmany applications suchas forsurveillance, humanmotion analysis, vehicle andpedestrian detection andtracking and inrobotics. A motiondetection systembasedon histograms was developed. Thesystemacquires and digitizes video frames froma video camera andstores the digitized datainRAM memory. Thedigitized pixel datais integrated on thehorizontal andvertical directions providing therespective horizontal andvertical histograms. Thehistograms canbecompared frame toframe andwhen amovementoccursinthescene,anoticeable difference on thehistograms will appear on thecorrespondent spatial region oftheimage. Inthis paper we present thecontrol unit forthedeveloped motion detector.


We consider the fundamental issues which dominate the question about the existence or non-existence of black hole horizons and singularities from both of the theoretical and observational points of view, and discuss some of the ways that black hole singularities can be prevented from forming at a classical level, i.e. without arguments of quantum gravity. In this way, we argue that black holes could have a different nature with respect the common belief. In fact, even remaining very compact astrophysics objects, they could be devoid of horizons and singularities. Our analysis represents a key point within the debate on the path to unification of theories. As recently some scientists partially retrieved the old Einstein's opinion that quantum mechanics has to be subjected to a more general deterministic theory, a way to find solutions to the problem of black hole horizons and singularities at a semi-classical level, i.e. without discussions of quantum gravity, becomes a fundamental framework.


Satellite simulation and test platform is used for testing and verifying function and information flow of each satellite subsystem. Time management problems involving the instruction execution time, the simulation speed, the system logic sequence, etc. This paper proposes a method to realize the time management, include changing simulation speed in real time, correcting time of subsystem, broadcasting time code to each subsystem and releasing time report, etc.


The current study begins to answer the recent call for scholars to reinvigorate the use of observational data to understand courtroom decisions. Drawing on the psychological effects of decision fatigue, the current study examines 284 bail hearing cases from two New Jersey jurisdictions to explore the role of decision fatigue on judges' engagement, judicial deviations from prosecutors' recommendations, and set bail amounts. The results suggest that judicial fatigue, measured as case order and session duration, limited the engagement for one judge, affected set bail amounts for both judges, and that proceeding modality may play some role in fatigue and engagement. Findings also suggest that observational data can work in tandem with administrative data to give better insight into the court process and decisions. Limitations and future research are discussed.


ABSTRACT Microspheres constitute an important part of the novel drug delivery system by virtue of their small size and efficient carrying capacity. Due to their long residence time, bioadhesive characteristics mucoadhesion can be coupled to microspheres to develop mucoadhesive microspheres. Bioadhesion can be defined as the state in which two materials, at least one of which is biological in nature, are held together for a prolonged time period by means of interfacial forces. Microspheres are the carrier linked drug delivery system in which particle size is ranges from 1 to 1000 μm range in diameter having a core of drug and entirely outer layers of polymer as a coating material. Mucoadhesive microspheres have advantages like efficient absorption and improved bioavailability of the drugs due to a high surface to volume ratio, a much more intimate contact with the mucus layer, controlled and sustained release of drug from dosage form and exact targeting of drugs to the absorption site. The present study aims to provide an overview of various aspects of mucoadhesive microspheres, methodology of preparation of mucoadhesive microspheres, method of evaluation, and their applications in drug delivery. Keywords: Mucoadhesion, Mucoadhesive microsphere, Controlled release.


The present invention relates to an automatic focusing device to match with the focus of the lens module is mounted on the digital camera; The holder 11 and the cover 12 are coupled together to form the space portion (13), as well as the top / bottom side for the upper / lower springs 21 and 22 are respectively disposed with a body portion; As to the magnetic circuit mounted on each corner portion of the holder 11 through the permanent magnet 25 that is mounted on the spacer 26 for fixing the lower spring 22 form a magnetic circuit; Driving part's in the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet 25 as well as linear movement of the lens module 35 through the carrier 32, which operate according to the voltage applied to the coil 31 associated with the lower spring 22, and; It consists of a power supply unit being supplied with external power through the circuit board 37 is connected through the lower spring 22 to the coil 31; Said by out of focus in the state that excludes the yoke on the control device by using the cover and the holder fixing the plurality of permanent magnets, it is possible to the overall height of the permanent magnet or the coil, thus reducing the overall height of the relatively lowered as a unit it is possible to reduce the size of the device . A digital camera, a holder, a cover, a spring, a permanent magnet, a coil, a carrier, a lens module,


Along with our country reform and open policy and the economical high speed development,our country's higher vocational education has also obtained the vigorous development.We have attached great importance to the practical teaching of international shipping management theory research and the practice exploration,has achieved great success and valuable experience.We should put practice teaching reforms and practice exploration in an important position of teaching reform,and made some rational thinking of its reform measures.


With the support of our Party and government, the education for minorities of Enshi has made a great achievement since the founding of China.Especially since the implementation of Reform and opening-up and the foundation of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture,it has developed more quickly,and speeds up the construction of local economy and the development of society.This paper will make a general conclusion on the development of the educational courses in Enshi,and put forward some views on the futher development.


The article narrates the experience of Dr. Barbara Bascom in her crusade in saving Romanias neglected orphans. When she first arrived in Romania the conditions of orphanages were described as resembling 19th-century asylums or even World War II concentration camps. Thus she volunteered to design a full-scale rehabilitation effort to improve the conditions of the institutions. She began a program that will bring therapy to children and training to professionals and volunteers in eight orphanages. These trainees will serve as models and resource facilities for institutions throughout the country. It is aimed specifically at the 40000 orphans under age 7 who have the best chance of recovery. She believes that 85% of the kids can eventually overcome their developmental problems. Realization of this outlook is evidenced in the remarkable progress of some children cited in the article. Furthermore conditions at the institutions are improving although one cannot predict what will eventually happen in the future.


"Linking survey data with register data can combine the advantages of both types of data and increase the possibilities for analysis compared to the use of the single data sets. The exact linkage of records from the same individual is only legal with the content of the respondent. Moreover, not all consenting persons can actually be merged with the process data. It is possible that certain characteristics of the respondents have an impact on the consent behavior. Also the likelihood of actually realizable linkage in a technical sense may depend on person-specific characteristics. Therefore it must be examined, whether this leads to a selective sample, and eventually to biased results when using linked data. In this report selectivity bias due to the linkage of the panel 'Labour Market and Social Policy' with administrative data from the Federal Employment Agency (BA) is investigated. The results show a low selectivity of the sample due to the response to the question of the content to link BA register data. The selectivity due to the realized merges is limited primarily to groups of people without any information stored in the BA register data. To verify whether the research results will be affected if solely individuals are included in the analysis that agree to the linkage, and subsequently can actually be linked, a regression with the logarithm of gross hourly wage as the dependent variable is performed. In this case, no significant differences could be found between the regression coefficients of a full and a reduced model, which would indicate a bias of the data." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))


Transactions in blockchain networks can be transmitted through channels. Existing methods for channel transaction transmission depend on transaction routing information. If a node randomly chooses a channel to transmit a transaction, the transmission may be aborted due to insufficient funds (also called balance) or low transmission rate. To increase transmission success rate and reduce transmission delay across all transactions, this work proposes a transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative game theory. The model considers the channel balance, states, and nodes' channel preferences. Steady-state transmission rates of selected channels are analyzed. The ideal solution for the model is found.


INTRODUCTION: The ideal timing and type of breast reconstruction following mastectomy is unknown in the setting of potential post-mastectomy radiation (PMRT). Decision analysis effectively compares the value, or utility, of methods based on variable probabilities of complications and PMRT. The purpose of this study is to compare the expected utility of four methods of breast reconstruction with a decision analysis.


During the past four years, the countries of the European periphery - the so-called PIIGS (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain) - have been experiencing an economic-financial crisis that can only be compared to the Great Depression. To solve the crisis, the EU and the IMF instituted bailout programs for the debit countries on conditions of austerity and structural reforms. In this volume, twenty social scientists - sociologists, political economics, political scientists, social demographers - from both the "surplus" and "debit" economy countries of the European Union delve into the causes and the social impacts of this crisis, using both the theoretical and empirical, quantitative and qualitative tools of social sciences. The social impacts cover a range of consequences, including poverty, unemployment, anti-migrant attitudes, a decline of welfare and health indicators, post-traumatic stress disorders, national humiliation, political alienation and social protest. The authors analyse the "international" and the "domestic" causes of the crisis, while some of them underline the importance of both factors. In the concluding chapter, the Editors undertake a synthesis of the previous chapters, and extract a number of policy recommendations that-if adopted - could transform the current financial crisis into a growth-opportunity for the European Union and its member states.


Ancillary service fees are often associated with low-cost carriers (LCC). However, today, more and more full service carriers (FSC) have introduced such fees as well and service chains of LCCs and FSCs look very similar. This article compares different European airlines in terms of ancillary fees and services for the low yield passenger segment and based on a passenger survey, it researches into the question what the budget air traveller of today really wants when he/she books a flight. Interestingly, the willingness-to-pay and the willingness-to-use selected service elements differ between budget air travellers of a FSC and those of a LCC. Generally, passengers of LCCs would pay higher amounts for additional service attributes than passengers of FSCs. However, the main lesson is clear: there are additional service elements that add value to budget air travellers and the latter are generally willing to pay considerable amounts for these value-adding propositions.


A comprehensive mathematical model for the finishing stages of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) synthesis is developed. The model takes into account the variables which have significant influences on polymerization but have not been hitherto taken into account, e.g., changing interfacial concentration and the presence of side reactions. The model is applicable to industrial polymerizations, and the predictions agree well with the literature and with certain pilot-plant and commercial data.


CuI nanoparticles as an expedient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of N-cyclohexyl-3-aryl-quinoxaline-2-amines in ethanol via a multi-component reaction are established. The products were separated from the catalyst simply by filtration. The catalyst could be recycled and reused for several times without noticeably decreasing the catalytic activity.


What is politics? An oddity of political philosophy is that it spends so little time answering this question. By contrast, "What is law?" is almost universally considered the chief question of legal philosophy, and "What is morality?" is a question moral philosophers regularly address. But political philosophers rarely ask what politics essentially is. Yet this question is important, because unless we answer it, then we shan't know what is common to all instances of politics, wherever and whenever they are to be found. In answer to the question, this paper argues that politics is the activity of either (1) making, breaking, or preserving the general arrangements of a group's affairs, or (2) trying to get a group to take a certain action when some group members of the group oppose taking it, where one can use any means to pursue this activity, except violence against others. I call this the "Arrangements of Affairs Thesis." In arguing for this thesis, I first consider and refute 15 leading analyses of the concept of politics offered by political writers. I then explicate the Thesis by discussing its implications. I then argue for the Thesis and refute two objections to it: an argument from politics's essentially concerning the pursuit of social power, and an argument from manipulation's being sufficient for politics.


The present study deals with a protocol for captive maintenance of the freshwater turtle (Hydromedusa tectifera). Due to the fact that research on this specie is lacking their habits, biology, phisiological, haemathological and biochemical values are almost totally unknown. This research (24 month long) was carried out at the Veterinary Hospital (UFPR) in a 30m covered area, 5 meters high, provided with a ventilation system and some transparent tiles allowing to diffuse natural light. The turtles were divided in twelve glassfiber water tanks (1000 liters) contaning 2 to 3 animals each one. The water was filtered and the temperature controlled by means of a thermostate maintaining the temperature at 25C. Artificial fluorescent light were provived for 12 hour/day. At least 1 hour/week UV light was used (Super UV Daylight fluorescent, 3% UVB and 7%UVA). The level of water was 23 cm high. Each water tank was provided with small plastic boxes that openned billateraly (27 cm x 44 cm x 15 cm) used for to cover the freshwater turtles. The daily care included animal visual inspection, water tank cleaning with manual removal of the residues (food remains, feces and cutaneous scaling) using a special net. The freshwater turtles were fed with pieces of fish. Weekly they were weight up. Daily notes were registered in forms. The freshwater turtles rescued in an event of oil spile remained 30 days withouth feeding, the stress being probably the cause of the inannition, since animals that were recently captured, but didn`t come from an accident area, ate at the first day of captivity. For more than a hundred days period, 27 animals were maintained in these conditions. They got weight and sick animals had clinical recover (deaths happenned, however not attibuted to the maintenance conditions in captivity). It was observed agression among the freshwater turtles (bitten), specially during the feeding. It was concluded that the prevention of cutaneous lesion due to abrasion is very important. The rough and sharp surfaces must be avoided.


Abstract Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a third copy of chromosome 21. One of the main feature of the syndrome is the facial dysmorphism, characterized by broad, flat face, oblique eyelid rhymes, skin folds at the inner corner of the eyes (epicanthus), receding chin, protrusion of the tongue. These features are often social and functional obstacles, reducible with surgical interventions. The first facial plastic/cosmetic surgery approaches on Down children were performed in 1960 in Germany, Great Britain and the United States, where plastic surgeons began to reshape the Down patients physiognomy through the surgical correction of the face, tongue, eyes, nose, of the nostrils, of the neck. Recent studies have shown that in spite of the tendency to infections and early pulmonary hypertension in children with DS, surgery is not contraindicated, as previously suggested, but can be performed with very good results. This treatment has aesthetic, functional, rehabilitative, social effects, as well as favorable outcome on the familiar behavior. However different issues emerge in cases of patients presenting intellectual disability and unable to understand the consequences or the side effects related to plastic surgery. In this aspect, different Countries have enacted distinct laws directly regulating the consensuses for such intervention, with the goal to reduce the risks for the affected patients and the respect of their willing and social inclusion.


This paper discusses Martin's (1992) discourse semantics. The author begins with a briefing of Martin's education, the meaning of the term "discourse semantics"as used by Martin, and the reasons why he proposes this theory, i.e. the triple articulation of language. Then there are discussions on the similarities and differences between grammatical structures and discourse structures, and the four discourse systems of negotiation, identification, conjunction and ideation in detail in particular. Lastly,the author talks about the interplay between lexicogrammar and discourse semantics, and notions like context, genre and ideology.


There are too many of low output gas well in Zizhou-Mizhi gas field,which has half of gas wells of below the output of 1×10~4m~3/d in all using 66 wells.Because of its low output,the gas well can not certify the requiring of drainning water,so these gaswells have some water in the well,it can not product in normal.Throuhe the technology of drainning water with foam,the gas well can product more nature gas a day,because the effection of methanol and higher mineral salt concentration,some gas wells have a poor effection.aim at the problems,we combine the characteristic of Zizhou-Mizhi gas field,research the drainning water material which can resisting higher methanol and higher mineral salt concentration,we act many examinations in gas field,drift the water in gas wells and increase the output of these wells.This article has important functions in developing low output gas wells.


As institutions such as the Institute for Scientific Film in Gottingen, Germany, look back on their accomplishments and look forward to what their role may be in the future, it is worthwhile to untangle some of the strands involved in the practice of "visual anthropology" and to clarify our thinking on the shared and distinctive characteristics of ethnographic films and of visual research material.


Abstract Researchers commonly assume that the effect of constant temperature and constant heat flux thermal boundary condition on forced convection from a circular cylinder is negligible. Such claim was assessed using Computational Fluid Dynamics for Reynolds number, Re, ≤ 3,000. The flow was directly solved without modeling for Re ≤ 300, and Large Eddy Simulation was used for Re = 1,000 and Re = 3,000. Constant property simulations were done for Prandtl number of 0.7. Fluid dynamics parameters: drag coefficient, Strouhal number, separation angle and recirculation length, were used to assess the accuracy of the simulations. The main parameter of interest, the Nusselt number, is higher locally for constant heat flux than constant temperature for 60 ≤ Re ≤ 3,000. In addition, the ratio of overall Nusselt number for constant heat flux to that for constant temperature increases for Re < 30 and is ∼1.15 between 30 ≤ Re ≤ 3,000, showing that thermal boundary condition has significant effect on heat transfer from circular cylinder. Finally, the study developed empirical correlations relating overall Nusselt number to studied Reynolds number range.


The inducing or exacerbating effect of sunlight on skin diseases is often not appreciated in tropical countries, perhaps because of the perennial presence of sunlight, and a retrospective review of photodermatoses seen in a referral skin clinic was therefore carried out. The photodermatoses seen were secondary photoaggravation of primary skin diseases (32·2%), systemic drug photo‐sensitivity (11·3%), polymorphic tight eruption (13%), chronic actinic dermatitis (5·3%), solar urticaria (5·3%), actinic prurigo (4%), photoallergic contact dermatitis (2·6%), porphyria (1·3%) and xeroderma pigmentosum (1·3%). Compared with the results of Western studies, there were more photoaggravated underlying skin diseases and systemic drug photosensitivity, and fewer idiopathic photodermatoses and photoallergic contact dermatitis; the common photoallergens were chlorpromazine, promethazine and musk ambrette, very similar to those seen in the West.


By integrating mesoscale models for hydrodynamics and micromechanics, we examine the fluid-driven motion of microcapsules on compliant surfaces. The capsules, modeled as fluid-filled elastic shells, represent polymeric microcapsules or biological cells. We examine the motion of these capsules on flat, mechanically uniform surfaces, mechanically patterned surfaces that contain alternating regions of hard and soft domains, and topologically patterned surfaces, i.e., a corrugated substrate and a substrate that encompasses a regular array of compliant posts. We isolate conditions where the mechanically and topographically patterned surfaces can transmit "stop" and "go" instructions, causing the capsules to halt at specific locations on the substrate, and with an increase in the imposed flow velocity, to resume moving. In the case of the corrugated surfaces, varying the size of the asperities permits significant control over the translational velocity of a capsule for a given shear rate. For surfaces containin...


This article reports on recent research on some of the factors that may have led to changes in the way journalists report Violence Against Women (VAW) in Australia. Until recently, VAW has been largely reported by focusing on seemingly isolated events, rather than reporting VAW as a social problem, which has complex causes and requires a society-wide response. We report here on intensive interviews in two Australian newsrooms, both of which made decisions to campaign for social change on the issue of VAW. Two major themes that were evident in the interviews were, first, the influence of individual cases and, secondly, the important role of individual journalists and editors in driving coverage. We then examine the extent to which participants in our research saw VAW as an issue of gender inequality. We conclude with a brief discussion that places this journalism within the context of the work over more than 40 years of VAW activists and others to have VAW recognised as a social problem.


This study analyzed the impact of energy demand on financial sector performance in Sub Saharan African. It adopted the production theory that was augmented with energy input. The study considered a panel unit root and co-integration test to examine the time series properties of the variables and a static panel estimation technique (pooled, fixed and random effect model) to determine the impact of production inputs on financial sector performance in SSA. The result reveals that energy demand weakens financial sector performance (showing a negative relationship), but when interacted with labour force it strengthens financial sector performance in SSA. The study, thus, attributed the negative relationship between energy demand and financial sector performance to the externalities produced from energy usage. This study therefore recommends that to support the growth of the financial sector, gross capital formation should be intensified and efficiently used and also that energy use should be effectively combined with labour force to strengthen the financial sector.


The Jones-Ray effect is shown to be governed by a different mechanism to enhanced anion adsorption. Halide ions at sub-molar concentrations are not exposed to the vapour phase; instead their first-solvating shell intimately interacts with the outmost water layer. Our novel proposal opens challenges for predicting related interfacial phenomena consistently.


In this article, the dc filter design and optimization problem is studied for dc electrical power distribution systems onboard more-electric aircraft. Component sizing models are built to serve as the basis of the optimization whose objectives are mass and power loss of this filter. A categorization strategy of search and surrogate algorithms is proposed and used for the target multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP). A genetic algorithm is utilized as a search algorithm to identify potential best solutions based on a set of filter sizing functions (subject to constraints). In addition, two machine learning (ML) algorithms are considered as surrogate algorithms to address the same optimization problem. In the ML training process, a constraint violation model is applied since there are various constraints in optimization, and this kind of classification model is relatively difficult to train. A support vector machine is applied for the constraint violation model; after that, two artificial neural networks are trained as the final surrogate model for mapping design variables to filter performance. To address these issues, a novel category of search and surrogate algorithms is proposed. Both algorithms are explored to solve the filter MOOP, and their optimization results are compared at the end.


This article studied the observation data of runoff and soil erosion in ten runoff experiment plots,which was performed from 2004 to 2008 by water and soil conversation bureau Zhangjiachong watershed in Hubei province,and studied the effect of rainfall factors and different ways of using land on soil erosion.The results showed that soil erosion has close relationship with high strength,great rainfall and great erosion rainfall under the invariable influence factors of soil erosion.The magnitude of soil erosion increases with the rising of the great precipitation amount,high strength,great rainfall and great erosion rainfall.The sequences of the magnitude of soil erosion of the ten experiment plots were:grain planting in slope hedgerow landtea planting in slope hedgerow landwaste hillsidetea planting in slope landcitrus planting in slope hedgerow landcitrus planting in mound hedgerowgrain planting in slope landcitrus planting in slope landgrain planting in cross wallcitrus planting in mound terrace in the same slop and precipitation amount.


The geometrical structure of cam bear frames joining to leaf springs of variable stiffness play an important role on the causes which affect elastic characteristics of suspensions.Considering the demand for both automotive ride comfort and kinematics of leaf spring deformation,the author studies geometrical design of cam bear frames.The formulas indicated could be applied to the design and calculation of cam bear frames joining to several leaf springs of variable stiffness.


This article elaborated the extendibility situation of the agriculture information network and the solution of solving "the last kilometor" problem of agricutral information in Jizhou,and proposed the countermeasures.


Abstract:Schomburg's writing on the archive over the course of his career demonstrates his continued efforts to articulate the project to which he dedicated his life: Black archives. In the same spirit, this essay looks at two of his works on Black archival theory: "The Negro Digs Up His Past" (1925), which espouses a counterarchival imperative rooted in New Negro ideology, and "Racial Integrity" (1913), which introduces a more radical theory of Black archives that better reflects his own collecting philosophy and archival legacy. Reading his distinct theorizations closely, the essay considers how Black archives navigate the tension between material evidence, belonging, and race on their own terms and in their own "turn."


Provided is a method for promoting bicarbonate secretion in the stomach or duodenum in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I): to a subject in need thereof, wherein A, Y, W1, W2, X1, X2 R1 and R2 are herein defined. The compound are also useful for protecting the gastrointestinal tract of a mammal from mucosal damage.


The clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be prolonged for decades following the onset of cognitive decline. However, growing research efforts on neural network organization through brain imaging techniques have identified resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) as a potential identifier of biomarkers and therefore as a preclinical diagnostic tool for AD. Rs-fMRI has been proven to detect preclinical stages of AD in individuals with mild cognitive impairments before the onset of clinical symptoms. The exact relationship between the default mode network, a collection of brain structures that are particularly active during rest, and declining functional connectivity is still not fully understood. Even with the associations made between AD and rs-fMRI through emerging neuroimaging technique, further studies are needed to reassess the reliability and validity of statistical measurements derived from the intrinsic neural networks.


The theme of environmental law has been widely discussed in the world, being a very polemic area of law that can influence a country's judiciary, economy, and public policies. However, what have researchers studied in this field? How has the research been conducted? These and other questions prompted us to conduct a bibliometric survey of studies on environmental law in South America. Thus, to better understand the theme and contribute to its state of the art, we searched scientific databases (SciELO and Portal Periódicos Capes) of articles on environmental law published in South American countries from 2010 through 2019. The results were tabulated using bibliometric indicators and analyzed using scientometry.  Some of the results related to methodological indicators such as structural methodological flaws were found in the research. Another aspect identified in this study was the consequence of publication only in Portuguese, which makes the internationalization of journals and the knowledge produced in Brazil difficult. This is a quantitative method of data evaluation based on measures related to the publication of scientific papers. In this way, we hope to contribute to the development of future research on environmental law.


In this paper, in order to improve the calculation accuracy and efficiency of α-order Caputo fractional derivative (0 < α ≤ 1), we developed a compact scheme combining the fast time stepping method for solving 2D fractional nonlinear subdiffusion equations. In the temporal direction, a time stepping method was applied. It can reach second-order accuracy. In the spatial direction, we utilized the compact difference scheme, which can reach fourth-order accuracy. Some properties of coefficients are given, which are essential for the theoretical analysis. Meanwhile, we rigorously proved the unconditional stability of the proposed scheme and gave the sharp error estimate. To overcome the intensive computation caused by the fractional operators, we combined a fast algorithm, which can reduce the computational complexity from O(N2) to O(Nlog(N)), where N represents the number of time steps. Considering that the solution of the subdiffusion equation is weakly regular in most cases, we added correction terms to ensure that the solution can achieve the optimal convergence accuracy.


. _ ________________________________________ Introduction-______________________________________ Location and importance of area________________ Development of project_______._________________ Acknowledgments. _____________________________ Transportation__ _ _____________________________ Climate._____---_-_---_-__-___._______________ Topography and physiography.______________________ Drainage systems.______________________________ Influence of rock types on topography_____________ Granitic rocks______________________________ Argillaceous rocks._________________________ Quartzose rocks___________________________ Dolomite __________________________________ Iron-formation _ ____________________________ Canga_ _-_-_-_--__----_______._____________ Hematite __________________________________ Physiographic development-_____________________ Stratigraphy, ______________________________________ Rio das Velhas Series__________________________ Nova Lima Group._________________________ Contacts and thickness.__--___-__-______ Lithology_ _____________________________ Schists and phyllites________________ Iron-formation, ____________________ Quartz-dolomite and quartz-ankerite rock_ __________________________ Quartzite __________________________ Conglomerate. _____________________ Graphitic and carbonaceous phyllite. Environment of deposition and nature of original sediments.____________________ Metamorphism. ________________________ Maquine' Group ____________________________ Palmital Formation.____________________ Casa Forte Formation___________________ Maquine" Group undivided...____________ Environment of deposition_______________ Metamorphism. ________________________ Interpretation of the Rio das Velhas Series_____ Minas Series.__________________________________ Contact with the Rio das Velhas Series. ______ Distribution, weathering, and metamorphism_ Tamandu& Group..____________t____________ Cambotas Quartzite..___________________ Unnamed formation___________________ Rocks tentatively correlated with the Tamandud, Group___________________ Environment of deposition_______________ Caraga Group._____________________________ Moeda Formation._____________________ Batatal Formation.,____________________ Page


16 Introduction 17 Results 19 Discussion 22 Materials and Methods 27 Acknowledgements 28 References 29 CHAPTER 3. THYLAKOID LUMEN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE (CAH3) MUTATION SUPPRESSES AIR-DIER PHENOTYPE OF LCIB MUTANT IN CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII 47 Abstract 47 Introduction 48 Results 49 Discussion 52 Materials and Methods 57 Acknowledgements 60 References 6047 Introduction 48 Results 49 Discussion 52 Materials and Methods 57 Acknowledgements 60 References 60 CHAPTER 4. INSERTIONAL SUPPRESSORS OF CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII THAT RESTORE GROWTH OF AIR-DIER LCIB MUTANTS IN LOW-CO2 71 Abstract 7


The purpose of this research is to know the pattern of large industry distribution in Purbalingga Regency in spatial condition and to know the contribution of the existence of big industry to the development of trade facilities around them. The analysis of industrial spread in this research is seen from geospatial point of view. Geographic Information System (GIS) is used for primary and secondary data analysis. Its population is in the form of big industries in Purbalingga regency of 43 industries. Sample of independent variable of 4 industry taken based on random sampling area, and necessary need limitation of owner of trade facility considering limited of time of this research, hence specified sample of owner of trading facility done randomly during activity of observation and interview phase. Qualitative analysis techniques for analysis of large industrial distribution map in Purbalingga District and through Nearest Neighbour Analysis approach to analysis of large industrial distribution pattern in Purbalingga District. As well as qualitative analysis on the quantity data of existing trading facilities around a large industry with a range of 100 meters from the entrance of the industry, and supported also qualitative analysis of the interviews to the owners of trade facilities. The results showed that there were 43 large industries in Purbalingga with random distribution pattern based on nearest neighbor analysis and several industries focused in Kalimanah, Purbalingga and Padamara districts. The growing trading facilities around industrial locations based on labor are more varied than those of machine / non-labor based industries.