A conceptual design was developed for an MLI system which will meet the design constraints of an ILRV used for 7- to 30-day missions. The ten tasks are briefly described: (1) material survey and procurement, material property tests, and selection of composites to be considered; (2) definition of environmental parameters and tooling requirements, and thermal and structural design verification test definition; (3) definition of tanks and associated hardware to be used, and definition of MLI concepts to be considered; (4) thermal analyses, including purge, evacuation, and reentry repressurization analyses; (5) structural analyses (6) thermal degradation tests of composite and structural tests of fastener; (7) selection of MLI materials and system; (8) definition of a conceptual MLI system design; (9) evaluation of nondestructive inspection techniques and definition of procedures for repair of damaged areas; and (10) preparation of preliminary specifications.


We comparedan enzymictest kit for determinationof free fatty acids in serum (NEFAC-test, wAko) with two modifications of a chemical extraction procedure,i (Clin. Chim. Acta 43: 317-320, 1973) and ii (Gun. Chim. Acta 80: 327-332, 1977). All three proceduresare specific for longand medium-chain fatty acids. Short-chain fatty acids, some keto acids, and phospholipids did not interfere. Added fatty acid was quantitatively accounted for in all methods. Results obtained with the enzymic methodand II did not differ significantly, whereasthe results by I were about10% lower.The concentrationof NaCIin the copper reagent, but not the kind of solvent used to dissolve the standard, influenced the accuracy of the chemical methods. In the enzymic procedure,hydrolysisof triglycerides during incubation is unlikely to be the reasonfor too-high values.The precisionof all three proceduresis acceptable for use in clinical laboratories. AddItIonal Keyphrases: analytical error intermethod comparison "kit" methods Most procedures for determining free fatty acids (FFA) in serum involve chemical and enzymic coborimetry, because no special equipment or skilled personnel are necessary. The chemical methods are inexpensive but have the general disadvantage of potential interferences by compounds that are not fatty acids. A recently developed specific and precise enzymic method (1) gives results that correlate well with those obtained by a colorimetric procedure, but are approximately 20% higher. This difference, ascribed to degradation of lipids during the incubation with the enzymic reagent, may suggest that the enzymic method is inaccurate (1). When we evaluated a test kit for the enzymic determination of FFA, we also obtained 10 to 20% higher values than those obtained by the chemical method of Noma et al. (2), but found that the chemical method rather than the enzymic method was inaccurate. Modification of the chemical method as described by Chrom et al. (3) resulted in values similar to those obtained by enzymic analysis. The principle of the enzymic method is given in Figure 1. FFA in the presence of coenzyme A and ATP gives acyl CoA, AMP, and pyrophosphate (PP1) when treated with acyl CoA synthetase (EC 18.104.22.168). The acyl CoA produced is oxidized by acyl CoA oxidase (no EC no. assigned) to 2,3-trans-enoyl-CoA with simultaneous production of hydrogen peroxide, which in the presence of peroxidase (EC 18.104.22.168) is condensed with 4-aminoantipyrine and 3-methyl-N-ethyl-N(9-hydroxyethyl)aniline to yield a red complex. Because the presence of nonreacted free CoA blocks the reaction with peroxidase, the sulthydryl group of any remaining CoA is blocked with maleimide after the first step. Our study, reported here, reveals the inaccuracies of the enzymic method and of both modifications of a chemical method.


(10R) and (10S)-corossolin have been synthesized by coupling of the alkyne intermediate 18 with epoxide 27 or 29, respectively. Comparison of the physical data of both synthetic corossolins with those reported for the natural one shows that the configuration at C-10 of the natural corossolin is highly likely to be R. The R isomer is found to be 18 times as active as the S isomer in the preliminary in vitro tests against the B16BL6 cell line.


ABTRACT The driving stress scale is one of the tools for measuring stress on car drivers and so far, the Indonesian version has not been found. Adaptation of this measuring tool is needed considering that the construct has been more suitable for car drivers, while for motorbike riders, adaptation is needed, especially in Indonesia. The adaptation of measuring instruments using driving stress consists of 16 items and is a unidimensional measuring instrument. The adaptation process follows six stages (translate-synthesis-backward translate), both qualitative and quantitative. The results of the measurement tool translation were then given to eight online motorcycle taxi drivers and they were asked to read each item to check understanding in each item. Based on the qualitative process, some words were changed. The DS-Indonesia version was then returned to three online motorcycle taxi drivers to be re-tested for readability. These results were then tested (try out) to 28 online motorcycle taxi drivers to be analyzed quantitatively. Improvements were made again so that there were some item changes. The final result of this item was then collected data on 200 online motorcycle taxi drivers. Reliability testing and Confirmatory Factor Analysis with the R platform and Lavaan packages were used to check the suitability of each item with the DS-Indonesia unidimensional factor. It is known if the value of x2 : 57.114 p<0.001, CFI = 0.969; TLI = 0.906 . RMSEA =0.078 ; SRMR = 0.040 which indicates that the results of the DS-Indonesia adaptation data have a fairly good fitness value. The inter-item results are in the good range and the correlation with BFI-Indonesia shows that DS-Indonesia correlates with the neuroticism, consiousness, agreeableness and openness traits but not with extraversion. ABSTRAK Driving stress scale merupakan salah satu alat ukur stres pada pengendara mobil dan sejauh ini, belum ditemukan alat ukur versi bahasa Indonesia. Adaptasi alat ukur ini diperlukan mengingat konstruk tersebut selama ini lebih cocok untuk pengendara mobil, sementara untuk pengendara motor diperlukan adaptasi lagi terutama di Indonesian. Pengadaptasian alat ukur menggunakan driving stress terdiri dari 16 aitem dan merupakan alat ukur unidimensional. Proses adaptasi mengikuti enam tahapan ( translate-sintesa-backward translate ), baik kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Hasil terjemahan alat ukur tersebut kemudian diberikan kepada delapan orang pengendara ojek online dan mereka diminta untuk membaca setiap aitem untuk mengecek pemahaman dalam setiap aitem. Berdasarkan proses kualitiatif tersebut, beberapa kata diubah. Versi DS-Indonesia ini kemudian dikembalikan kepada tiga orang pengemudi ojek online untuk kembali diuji keterbacaan. Hasil ini kemudian dilakukan uji coba (try out) kepada 28 orang pengemudi ojek online untuk dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Perbaikan kembali dilakukan sehingga terdapat beberapa perubahan aitem. Hasil akhir aitem ini kemudian dilakukan pengambilan data kepada 200 orang pengemudi ojek online. Uji reliabilitas dan Confirmatory Factor Analysis dengan platform R dan Lavaan packages digunakan untuk mengecek kesesuian setiap aitem dengan faktor unidimensional DS-Indonesia. Diketahui jika nilai x2 : 57.114 p<0.001, CFI = 0.969; TLI = 0.906  . RMSEA =0.078 ; SRMR =0.040 yang mengindikasikan jika hasil data adaptasi DS-Indonesia memiliki nilai fitness yang cukup baik. Hasil inter-aitem berada pada rentang baik dan korelasi dengan BFI-Indonesia mneunjukkan jika DS-Indonesia berkorelasi dengan trait neuroticism, consiousness, agreeableness dan openness tetapi tidak dengan extrav ersion.


In this paper, a mathematical model for the soilfoundationstructure interaction is presented based on the variational principle. At first, the substructure synthesis method is applied to set up a super element. Then the model of layered soils is used, and the stiffness of the foundation is taken into account as well. Because this model properly expresses the interactive effects of the system, further analysis can be made by adopting it.


The effect of lateral inhomogeneities on electromagnetic remote probing of layered structures is considered. The excitation is taken to be an incident transverse electric (TE) plane wave. The fields, the surface admittance, and the wave tilt depend upon the angle of incidence, the distance from the air--coal interface, the electrical contrast, and the layer profile (e.g., sinusoidal, step, or slant profile). Both low- and high-frequency cases are illustrated and compared with corresponding results having no lateral inhomogeneities. Results indicate that the surface admittance and the fields tangential to the surface are ''good'' indicators of the local structure, whereas the field normal to the surface and the wave tilt are not. The wave tilt and the field normal to the surface, however, give good indication of subsurface anomalies. As the observation point is moved away from the air--coal interface, the ''information content'' regarding the lateral inhomogeneities rapidly decreases. Thus, measurements performed on the surface, or measurements dependent upon the fields at the surface, e.g., reflection coefficients, are more sensitive to lateral inhomogeneities than measurements performed away from the surface.


The present study concerns on physicochemical monitoring of the water quality nature and the extent of pollution in lake due to idol immersion. Pre-immersion and post immersion samples were collected from lake and analyzed for various water quality parameters such as pH, turbidity, total dissolve solid (TDS), total solid (TS) total suspended solid (TSS), conductivity phosphate, dissolved oxygen (DO), BOD, COD and oil & grease.
The results were compared with standards prescribed by WHO and ISI. From the study, it has been found that the values of these parameters significantly increased during the immersion period and the declined in post immersion period. However the general trend observed was: immersion> Post immersion> pre immersion.The article focused on the main pollution which is caused by plaster of Paris idols and chemical paints by idol immersion during Ganesh festival.


In modern ideology the individual is felt to be the ultimate value. This feature is documented in two of its long‐lasting developments which lend progressively to disregard society as a coherent whole. First the quest for freedom as stated according to the Human Rights perspective opened by the Enlightenment. Second the Middle Ages' tendency to relegate society to the "mystical body" of Christ and of king. Holistic ideologies, in contrast to modern ideology, are summarized in their general socio‐cosmic structure, which shows society as the ultimate value not separated from nature. Anthropology is built upon this contrast between individualistic ideology and the holistic one.


The notion that violence begets violence is well accepted. Less clear are the precise factors that link together child violence and adult violence in an individual's life course. This study examines the role that self-control has in linking together exposure to violence in a child's life and subsequent violence in that individual's life. A telephone survey with 375 residents in Southeastern Virginia was conducted. Attention is given to whether those who saw their parents fight are more likely to (1) have a low self-control and (2) report having experienced violence either as an offender or a victim. Results suggest that witnessing violence is not related to self-control, and those who witnessed violence were less likely to have subsequent experiences with partner abuse. Further, we found that low self-control has a link with partner abuse. Implications for theory, policy, and future research are provided.


Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can be related to several diseases, such as connective tissue disorders and pulmonary embolism, or to drugs; it may also be idiopathic. Few cases have been reported demonstrating an association between ascorbic acid deficiency and reversible PH. We report the case of a patient who arrived at the emergency department with dyspnoea, tachycardia and lower limb perifollicular haemorrhage. Examinations, including a transthoracic echocardiogram, revealed enlarged right chambers and an estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure of 61 mmHg. Further evaluation revealed poor food intake due to paranoid personality disorder, leading to ascorbic acid deficiency and manifestations of scurvy. LEARNING POINTS Diagnosing ascorbic acid deficiency is important as associated pulmonary hypertension could be completely resolved with appropriate treatment. Ascorbic acid deficiency is a condition that can still be found in many countries, including developed ones. Patients suffering from psychiatric disorders are at high risk of scurvy.


In Pakistan, Hanafi version of Islamic law of inheritance is followed by the courts in view of overwhelming number of Sunni Hanafi Muslims unless proved otherwise. Despite accurate appraisal of Islamic law of inheritance by the superior courts in general, one specific issue has been causing problem for last many years. In Saadullah v Gulbanda (2014 SCMR 1205), the Supreme Court excluded consanguine brother from inheritance in presence of full sisters that stirred debate about entitlement of those residuaries who are remotely related to deceased than full sister/s. This judgment is based on the faulty appraisal of Islamic law of inheritance by misreading the chart of residuaries prepared by D. F. Mulla's Principles of Muhammadan Law. Case law analysis in the article reveals that, prior to the above mentioned case, the courts appreciated the analogous matters more accurately. The article presents correct perspective of Islamic law of inheritance on the subject with an expectation that the Supreme Court would revisit its erroneous approach for the protection of inheritance rights of eligible legal heirs.


Tetragonal R15B7Fe78 (R=MM, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, and Y) compounds have been studied by x‐ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. The lattice parameters are found to decrease with increasing atomic number of rare‐earth elements, whereas the Curie temperatures TC increase monotonically, and the TC of Gd15B7Fe78 is the highest. The saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy were measured with a field up to 70 kOe at the temperature between 1.5 and 300 K. We found that the c axis is the easy axis of magnetization for R=Pr, Gd, and Y; the easy magnetization direction lies in the basal plane for R=Sm; and the direction of easy magnetization changes with temperature for R=Nd.


[1] A large-eddy simulation (LES) code is coupled with a land surface model to investigate the diurnal variation of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). The diurnal evolution of the ABL is driven by a time-varying incoming solar radiation. The results show that the domain average surface fluxes of sensible heat, water vapor, and carbon dioxide are smooth functions of time but the fluxes at any given surface grid point show random variations, especially the sensible heat flux. At the ABL top, the LES-resolved entrainment fluxes of these scalars also evolve with time and are not fixed fractions of their respective surface fluxes. Entrainment efficiency (the ratio of entrainment flux at zi to weδϕ, where zi is the ABL height, we is entrainment velocity, and δϕ is the jump of scalar across the entrainment zone) is highest for CO2 and lowest for sensible heat. The first-order jump condition model is very good approximation to simulated entrainment fluxes which are largely controlled by the vertical gradients of the scalars across the capping inversion. Our results suggest that over the range of geostrophic winds considered (0–5 m s−1), neither the surface nor the entrainment flux reveals sensitivity to the geostrophic wind speed variations.


Abstract
Children must meet various physical demands during the school day in order to be successful from both an educational and a social standpoint. They use important motor skills to move in the halls, sit quietly at a desk, and participate with peers on the playground. Physical therapists play an important role in facilitating the development of these motor skills in order to allow for optimal participation and socialization for each student. This chapter provides a description of the various roles played by the physical therapist within the school setting. The physical therapist may provide direct service to children receiving related services, indirect service to teachers and other staff by providing instruction or recommendations for children within the classroom setting, and consultation for staff and administration addressing issues that affect the student population as a whole.


National liberation struggles and the subsequent activity of nation-building have dominated the political development of sub-Saharan African states. However, only the former process has produced first-rate political leaders, amongst whom Kwame Nkrumah and Sékou Touré are the best examples. In the nation-building stage, leaders most often failed, in terms both of low effectiveness and instability of office-holders. Reasons for this failure can be seen partly in the distinction between the sharply focused objective of national independence and the vagueness of the concept of post-independence development.


Zinc (Zn) is essential for normal growth and development in children. Patients with Prader‐Willi syndrome (PWS) have morbid obesity and short stature. We conducted this cross‐sectional study to determine levels of plasma Zn, leptin, soluble leptin receptor (leptin sR), and serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) in pediatric patients with PWS.


This paper identifies National Grid's best practice in respect of commissioning procedures and processes which have been developed through years of experience to commission multifunction relays. Collectively these processes and procedures safeguard the security of the transmission system and prevent the unwanted operation of multifunction numerical protection relays due to incorrect settings. The processes and procedures outlined in this paper have been developed based on the experience of those involved in the commissioning process, and system incidents, which have occurred due to deficiencies in the commissioning process.


This study asked how well students' grades at the University of Pennsylvania could be predicted from linear combinations of high-school class rank (CLR), total scholastic-aptitude-test score (SAT), and average achievement-test score (ACH), all of which are available in applications for admission to selective institutions. Underrepresented minorities were not included in the main analysis. Consideration of multiple regression coefficients revealed that CLR and ACH added significantly to overall prediction, whereas SAT did not. This asymmetry in incremental validity was not easily explained by restricted range, self-selection, or nonlinear effects. SAT did add significantly to prediction of grades in some individual courses. Of the three variables, only CLR added significantly to prediction of attrition or number of uncompleted courses.


South Africa is one of the countries with the highest HIV prevalence rates worldwide and younger age groups are often disproportionately affected. Knowledge of HIV status is regarded as an important prevention strategy for reducing HIV transmission and infection and it is viewed as a means to access antiretroviral therapy. Routine HIV Counseling and Testing (RCT) can significantly increase knowledge of HIV status, but it is unclear whether RCT will be accepted if offered. The aim of this study was to determine whether the main dimensions of the Health Belief Model (HBM) namely, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits and perceived barriers can predict acceptance of RCT. A second objective of the study was to determine if the variable of the HBM, namely cue's to action could significantly contribute to predicting acceptability of RCT. A sample of 1113 students at the University of Stellenbosch in the Western Cape Province of South Africa completed a structured questionnaire, measuring the acceptability of RCT. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data and it was found that the main dimensions of the HBM could explain 25.1% of the variance in acceptance of RCT. It was however found that the variable perceived severity did not make a significant individual contribution to predicting acceptability of RCT. The addition of the variable cues to action also did not make a significant individual contribution to the prediction of RCT. It was therefore found that the HBM could partially, but not in its entirety, predict acceptability of RCT among the student population. Interventions should therefore aim to increase perceived benefits of RCT, reduce perceived barriers to RCT and facilitate correct personal risk assessment in order to increase perceived susceptibility. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


To collect the text manual, we first crowdsource 82 templates (with 2,214 possible descriptions after filling in the blanks). Each Amazon Mechanical Turk worker is asked to paraphrase a prompt sentence while preserving words in boldface (which become the blanks in our templates). We have three blanks per template, one each for the entity, role and an adjective. For each role (enemy, message, goal) we have three role words and three adjectives that are synonymous (Table 5). Each entity is also described in three synonymous ways. Thus, every entity-role assignment can be described in 27 different ways on the same template. Raw templates are filtered for duplicates, converted to lowercase, and corrected for typos to prevent confusion on downstream collection tasks.


An organic electronic device structure, the structure comprising: a substrate; a base layer supported by said substrate and defining the base of a well for solvent-based deposition of organic electronic material; one or more spacer layers formed over said base layer; a bank layer formed over said spacer layer to define a side of said well; and wherein an edge of said well adjacent said base layer is undercut to define a shelf over said base layer, said shelf defining a recess to receive said organic electronic material.


T h e N S P r e n a t a l R e c o r d o f f e r s p r e n a t a l c a r e p r o v i d e r s a s t a n d a r d i z e d f o r m a t t o document assessment , inves t iga t ion and treatment during pregnancy. The prenatal r eco rd : · O u t l i n e s a s y s t e m a t i c , s e q u e n t i a l a p p r o a c h t o p r e n a t a l c a r e · Prov ides i n fo rma t ion r ega rd ing s c r e e n i n g a n d t e s t i n g a t s p e c i f i c ge s t a t i ona l age s · E n c o u r a g e s d o c u m e n t a t i o n o f t h e p rena t a l c a r e p rov ided · Prov ide s a f o rma t t o sha r e in fo rma t ion w i th r e f e r r i ng phys i c i ans a n d o t h e r c a r e p r o v i d e r s · I s a med i co l ega l documen t · I s a t e a c h i n g a n d r e s e a r c h t o o l a n d i s a d a t a s o u r c e f o r t h e N o v a S c o t i a A t l e e P e r i n a t a l D a t a b a s e · I s a sou rce o f i n fo r ma t ion t o a s se s s qua l i t y o f c a r e · I s a means o f ma in t a in ing a p regnancy r e l a t ed p rob l em l i s t / c a r e p l an · I s a r e co rd t ha t t he woman shou ld h a v e t h e o p t i o n t o c a r r y a c o p y o f (many p r ena t a l c a r e p rov ide r s o f f e r a c o p y o f t h e p r e n a t a l r e c o r d t o w o m e n a f t e r 36 weeks and some p rov ide a copy fo r t he en t i r e p r egnancy ) .


Behçet's disease is a chronic and recurrent systemic inflammatory vasculitis that presents in flare-remission phases. Its etiopathogenesis remains unknown. The coexistence of psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairments appears to be common, yet still unclear. The immuno-inflammatory hypothesis presents a promising approach to unravel the complex link governing this comorbidity. This article presents the case of a patient admitted to a psychiatric hospital to manage behavioral disturbances within the context of a schizoaffective disorder. This admission led to the diagnosis of Behçet's disease with cutaneous and mucosal involvement. The article also provides a literature review on the neuropsychiatric characteristics of Behçet's disease, as well as the bidirectional links between psychiatric disorders and immuno-inflammation.


This paper discusses how to strengthen cultural value that comes form the soul of Indonesian (political) nation (Volkgeist). This national value are universal and noble, and at the same time it also must harmonius with the law in Indonesia. Peace also emerge as one of the supporting value which could amplify constitutional and law practices. To achive it intention, this paper utilize Dignified Justice Theory which influenced from Indonesian wisdom and practices to analyze those values. This paper conclude that law enforcement in Indonesia must accelerate itself in order to uphold peace and unity of the nation, and actualize constitutional promises Keywords: Peace, National Value, Law


Applications of transcranial Doppler TCD being non‐invasive is touted as an alternative to four‐vessel angiography for monitoring vasospasm, stenosis, stroke and cerebral circulatory arrest. TCD identifies middle cerebral artery and basilar artery vasospasm with high degree of sensitivity and specificity. It is also highly predictive in the detection of proximal anterior circulation. It is 100% specific and 96% sensitive in diagnosing brain death.[5]


In the paper the authoress compares her research results about the mythical being Wolf Herdsman (Master of the Wolves) with the latest research in Slavic mythology - the research of the Slavic fertility cult, done by R. Katicic and V. Belaj.


96Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are increasingly being discharged to a primary care provider (PCP) for follow-up care. This study used a pre-post design to evaluate the impact of the Moving Forward After Cancer(MFAC) program at CancerCare Manitoba on patient perceptions of continuity of care. Methods: The MFAC program was introduced in 2010 to support transfer of care to primary care and includes transitional appointments (TAs) and survivorship care plans. The pre-implementation (PRE) group was a random sample of patients on the provincial cancer registry diagnosed in 2008/09 with Stage II / III CRC. The post-implementation (POST) group was recruited in oncology clinics after their TA over four years starting in 2010. Both groups completed the same mailed survey. Respondents were asked to identify the main provider(s) of their follow-up care. Those indicating a PCP completed the Patient Continuity of Care Questionnaire (PCCQ) which assesses continuity upon discharge with scoring between 5 a...


1. The enzymes glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, phosphofructokinase, ATP-citrate lyase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase have been assayed in rat mammary glands in various stages of involution after hypophysectomy and weaning. 2. After hypophysectomy all seven enzymes decline in activity over a 12-16hr. period but the extent of the decline varies, with acetyl-CoA carboxylase becoming almost totally inactive, ATP-citrate lyase and phosphofructokinase showing a large decrease, and the remaining enzymes a less marked decline. 3. Within 24hr. of removing the litter a change in the pattern of enzyme activity is found very similar to that after hypophysectomy. 4. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to the endocrine control of mammary gland metabolism and the mechanisms of involution.


While the debate over Puerto Rico's political status continues, there is general consensus among policy makers that changes in local and global economic conditions demanded new integrated approaches and new tools to strengthen the economy. Across the political spectrum, policy makers, planners and others recognized that it was no longer sufficient to tinker with existing economic development programs, but that they must rethink the concept of industrial policy altogether. Puerto Rico's industrial policy today must be as dynamic as the internal and external conditions it is designed to confront. It should be geared toward a vision of a Puerto Rican economy that is integrated and competitive on the global scale, but that it is also strong and diverse at the local level and can successfully retain profits on the Island. As a foundation, it should have education and training, research, financing, and marketing strategies that sustain economic growth.


Safety and tolerability parameters were assessed during the phase1 clinical trial of an Investigational New Drug (IND). The assessment involves detailed clinical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), and other system-specific tests. It takes into account vital signs and laboratory parameters. The 12-lead surface ECG reflects the complexity of evaluating the risks and the benefits of the IND. Today, this is of major concern due to the Q-T prolonging potential of some non-cardiac drugs (e.g., terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, and macrolides). Some of these drugs have been withdrawn from the market.[1] An independent International Safety Board has also suggested various ways for evaluation of cardiovascular data.[1] Q-T interval is the ventricular action potential duration, which is rate-dependent. Based on the variability in heart rate, the corrected Q-T interval (QTc) is derived by the Bazett formula.[1],[2] One of the risk factors for Q-T prolongation and subsequent complications include concomitant treatment with drugs having pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions (azole antifungals and macrolide antibacterials). Q-T prolongation caused by some drugs, for example, class Ia, IIIa antiarrhythmics depends on their plasma concentration (typeA adverse event). [3] For others, such as, antibiotics, antihistaminics, and prokinetics the relationship seems to be idiosyncratic (type-B adverse event).[3],[4] Asymptomatic Q-T prolongation is a useful marker of cardiotoxicity. It may lead to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, namely "Torsades de pointes" (TdP or "twisting of the points," referring to the beat-to-beat changes in the QRS-axis). A feature of TdP is pronounced prolongation of Q-T interval in the supraventricular beat preceding the arrhythmia. Therefore, TdP may cause syncope and degenerate into ventricular fibrillation, leading to sudden death. Sometimes, however, it is self-terminating.[1],[5],[6] As no data on healthy Indian population were available to be taken as reference standard, this study was undertaken to evaluate the 12-lead ECG of adult, healthy, male human subjects housed under standardized conditions. A total of 366 subjects between the ages of 21-40 years, were recruited from our volunteer data bank. Their weight was >50 kg (but within the range of the LIC (Life Insurance Corporation of India) Height-Weight chart), heart rate (HR) 50-89 bpm, normal body temperature, respiratory rate (RR) 15-25 bpm (breath per minute), systolic blood pressure (BP) 100-130 mmHg and diastolic BP 50-90 mmHg. Informed consent was obtained as per ICH-GCP guidelines. Those who tested negative for drugs of abuse and had routine lab investigation values within normal range were housed in the department in groups of six on the previous day of the study. They were relaxed and provided standard food, but were asked to abstain from caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol at least 24 h before the vital parameters were recorded (BP, HR, RR and temperature). This was followed by ECG recording. Consistent operator technique was maintained by ensuring skin preparation, correct leads placement, subject position, and data acquisition practices. ECG was recorded always between 7 and 9 a.m. with validated electronic device, 'ClarityMed-ECG100A' with paper speed 25 mm/sec, calibration 10 mm/mV. U-wave was considered in the case of bizarre TU-mergers. ECGs were read by a single independent observer. QT c was calculated by the Bazett formula (QT/R-R). Interpretation was based on lead-II as recommended by the European Agency for Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA).[1],[2] The enrolled subjects had age of 27.8±3.9 years, height 163.7±6 cm, weight 59.5±6.1 kg, HR 71.40±9.14 bpm, systolic BP 115.07±6 and diastolic BP 73.32±7.22 mmHg. Results are presented in Table 1 with coefficient of variation range 3.81-12.81. Normal QTc, studied in western population is less than 430 ms and 450 ms and is said to be prolonged if more than 450 ms and 470 ms in healthy, adult males and females, respectively. Absolute QT c is of greater prognostic significance, and a value more than 500 ms (irrespective of gender) is of clear concern. Normal Q-T dispersion (difference between maximum and minimum HR) is 40-60 ms and over 100 ms is of concern.[1],[2] In our study, the mean QT c was 372.4 ± 14.18 ms. Q-T interval is a surrogate marker for prediction of serious adverse drug event (SADE). However, the risk of TdP is not a linear function of Q-T interval or the extent of Q-T prolongation during drug treatment. Some authors have suggested the evaluation of Q-T dispersion as a predictor of risk.[1] However, the difficulty in accurately measuring Q-T interval and the lack


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Case study L. S. is a 56-year-old man who has a transfemoral amputation secondary to high-grade pleomorphic soft tissue sarcoma of the right tibia. He is otherwise well, employed as an electrician, is a car driver, and an active sportsman, golf being his main hobby. His prospects for walking were considered to be excellent, and in view of his high activity lifestyle, he was prescribed a Blatchford EndoliteTM limb with a polypropylene socket, "Ca-TechTM" hydraulic swing and stance phase control, 160mm high activity shin with axial and torque absorbing component (the Blatchford "TT pylonTM") and carbon fibre laminate "Dynamic Response" (FlexTM) foot with total elastic suspension. Initial attempts to mobilise were disappointing due to difficulty in initiating knee flexion. The authors' impression was that the axial force absorber and FlexTM foot were absorbing the ground reaction force to such an extent that the


The energy dependence of the circular dichroism in the angular distribution of photoelectrons (CDAD) was investigated from the shallow Cs 5p core levels. Cesium was prepared in a hexagonal ordered monolayer on W(110). The results are mainly influenced by scattering of the photoelectrons within the adlayer. At low energies, the behavior observed is described by means of a model that treats only the back-scattering of photoelectrons at the potential step between the adlayer and the substrate. It leads to a simple method determining the position of the monolayer with respect to the substrate. In this approach, the back-scattering model is matched with the measured energy dependence of the CDAD between hν = 21 eV and hν = 33 eV. This procedure yields reliable results already for a single observation angle of the photoelectron. The distance between cesium and tungsten was determined to be (2.2 ± 0.1) A, which corresponds to the effective distance between the center of the adsorbed layer and the potential step between the layer and the substrate. Finally, the fitted result was proven to meet the complete angular dependence of the CDAD at different photon energies.


The versatility of fuel cells makes them the future of energy sources on Earth. In this paper, a three dimensional solid oxide fuel cell in planar configuration, with hydrogen fuel and air as oxidant, has been modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The gas flow in the gas channels is modeled by Navier Stokes equations while that through the electrodes is studied by applying the Brinkman equations. The model is simulated for the variation in the sizes of the gas diffusion channel including length, height and width of the channel. The polarization and power characteristics of the cell are plotted and studied over the variations. The cell performance is evaluated considering counter-flow and co-flow of the gases in the channels, separately. A clear impact of the change in the sizes of the channel is observed on the performance of the cell. A comparison of the counter-flow and coflow patterns has also been made. 2 SAHIL BANSAL, ANAND K. TYAGI, ANUJ K SHARMA


The intersection of business and engineering is being discussed now more than ever as companies are demanding that new hires graduating from baccalaureate engineering degree programs have a level of business expertise to complement their technical skill sets. Companies also expect business students to have an understanding of technical concepts to be effective working in teams composed of employees with both business and engineering backgrounds. With corporate investment and engineering project funding decisions more reliant upon company financial statements and stock price impact, now more than ever, it is crucial for engineers and business people to be able to share common skill sets to effectively evaluate project investment alternatives. This paper discusses an integrated approach being taken at multiple universities to develop business and engineering competencies in industrial engineering and business students through case competitions. The paper will describe two different approaches and compare and contrast the business and engineering sponsored case competitions. Motivation and Background The Pennsylvania State University (Industrial Engineering Program) Motivation The motivation for bringing business concepts into the engineering classroom and for bringing real world case competitions is a result of the expectations of corporate employers in this new economy. At Penn State, making curriculum changes to the current engineering economy course came directly from suggestions made by corporate executives serving on multiple engineering advisory boards for the industrial engineering department. Input from the industrial engineering advisory boards noted that industrial engineering graduates needed to graduate with a more thorough understanding of the link between engineering economic decisions and business planning, financial statements, and financial accounting. It is crucial for industrial engineering students to learn not only how to provide a definitive argument explaining the conclusion of their engineering decision (both from a qualitative and quantitative perspective) but also how to take this one step further to be able to understand and explain how their decision will impact company financial statements (i.e., the bottom line of the company). At Penn State, industrial engineering students are only exposed to a semester of financial accounting and financial statements if they choose to complete a minor in business/liberal arts. An overhaul of the engineering economy course in the industrial engineering program was completed. However, simply adding additional lecture material in the engineering economy course to cover the link between engineering economic decisions and business planning, financial statements, financial accounting, and stock value was only one part of addressing the needs of the companies hiring industrial engineering students from this university. The advisory boards and the course instructor that presenting a real world company problem would force the students to apply engineering economy tools learned in the course and to justify their engineering decisions would allow the students to gain real world training in this area. The team competition component was expected to add another element of motivation for the study and to provide a real world competitive business environment. University of Pittsburgh (Center for Supply Chain Management Program) Motivation The strategic intent of the Business School from the University of Pittsburgh, within the scope of this paper is the integration of theory and practice. This strategy is realized through four guiding principles: experience-based learning, collaboration, innovation, and globalization. The principles are embodied in the University's Center for Supply Chain Management (SCM) which conducts research projects, educational programs, and outreach activities in close collaboration with corporate partners, professional organizations, and other schools within the University. The Center for SCM has sponsored several working sessions with industry. Recurring themes from the working sessions are the need for students who are able to employ systems thinking and critical thinking, in a team setting, to analyze processes and data, to arrive at data-driven recommendations, and then communicate the analysis and recommended way forward effectively. One of several ways these industry needs are met is through the "Race to the Case" competition. The Swanson School of Engineering at Pitt also recognizes the critical need to provide students with experienced-based learning opportunities. The instructor for the engineering economy course (housed in the department of industrial engineering (IE)) has incorporated numerous active learning pedagogies, including case studies and model-eliciting activities, within the course over many years. The instructor saw the "Race to the Case" competition as an additional opportunity to provide IE students with an opportunity to apply engineering economy and other industrial engineering skills to a real world problem. The Race to the Case, represented by Figure 1, is an annual case competition, sponsored by the Center for SCM in collaboration with the Engineering School and run primarily by the students themselves, where engineering and business students collaborate to analyze the data presented in a SCM focused case study, and then propose actions that resolve the case in a manner that balances delivery, quality, cost, and flexibility. Cases are chosen that require both engineering expertise and business acumen to successfully analyze their data and synthesize recommendations. The 2015 case focused on the impact of 3D Printing (additive manufacturing) on SCM in China; integrating theory and practice through experience-based learning, collaboration, innovation, and globalization. Figure 1: Logo for the Race to the Case Competition Developed and Hosted by The University of Pittsburgh. Background from Prior Literature A challenge instructors often face is how to make abstract concepts concrete for their students. Drawing on experiential-learning theory (ELT), Baker, Jenson, and Kolb recommend a procedure that moves students through a four-stage process of: experiencing, reflecting, abstracting, and acting. The incorporation of case studies in the classroom is one method of simulating experiencing, reflecting, abstracting, and recommending actions based on the real world scenario depicted by the case. Additionally, engineering education literature has continuously shown that projects with industry can be helpful for undergraduate and graduate students, even the processes of soliciting, administering, and managing industry projects that reinforce academic topics in engineering, technology, manufacturing, project management, lean, and six sigma. Other topics that are reinforced include professionalism (through interaction with industry), teamwork, and leadership. Formally, these projects are also often assessed as students work to meet the established learning outcomes. Another benefit of incorporating industry projects within engineering economy courses is that academic materials such as course lectures and notes have excellent coverage of project economic analysis, but these academic materials lack the hands-on use of economic analysis within a design that a project with industry can provide. In a broader context, within the K-16 realm, there has been a push to increase the mathematical competency of students, particularly financial literacy. Within the book, Mathematics and Democracy: The Case for Quantitative Literacy, the findings and suggestions are aligned with National Academy of Engineering recommendations; that an individual will need to have a basic understanding of decision making to make competent financial decisions in order to survive in the 21st century society. Engineering economics takes this level of understanding to a higher ceiling by including competent financial decisions for a company or organization with respect to projects and designs. The importance of economically quantifying projects has been shown in prior literature, as the economic and social well-being progress is a direct consequence of technical change and its application in the modern world. Solow originally estimated that technological and engineering advances led to 80% of the economic growth and development of a society . Furthermore, incorporating economic decision considerations within the design process is what sets engineers apart from other specialists with respect to financial decisions. Basically, understanding the economic characteristics of a technology or a design and its costs is what distinguishes engineering economics from other branches of economics, accounting, and finance. Also, engineers are equipped to analyze a project, technology, and design with respect to sustainability and environmental factors. Introduction to the Competitions Penn State Industrial Engineering Program At Penn State, 116 industrial engineering students competed in a case competition sponsored by a major U.S. retailer as part of their junior engineering economy course. The problem given to the students was a real world challenge currently being addressed by the U.S. retailer. The case competition was carried out in an effort to complement an evolving engineering economy curriculum with increased emphasis on business concepts rooted in finance and financial accounting, namely financial statement analysis. The first place team was awarded $1,500, second place $1,000, and third place $500. A well-known, large U.S. retailer worked with the instructor of the engineering economy course at Penn State to put together the case study problem and charter. This was the first large case study competition of its kind for this retailer. The company wanted junior level industrial engineering students to study and propose changes to their current regional distribut


Although transformational leadership is touted as an important approach for improving employee well-being and an effective organization, very little is known about how its key principles can be manifested through specific Human Resource Management (HRM) systems. This is unsatisfactory as leadership is pertinent to the management of human resources and many HRM researchers and practitioners would benefit from a theoretical understanding of how effective leadership principles can be strengthened by HRM systems. This review paper discusses the ways in which transformational leadership can be applied in tandem with a particular type of HRM system, High Performance Work Practices (HPWP). The paper explores the role of HPWP as a mechanism for accentuating the transformational leader's positive impact on employee well-being and organizational performance. The contribution of this paper is to link a contemporary leadership theory to HRM and generate insights that will lead to empirical research.


THE INVENTION CONCERNS A METHOD OF MAKING CONTINUOUS ACETATES BY TRANSESTERIFICATION REACTION LIQUID PHASE HOMOGENEOUS IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST OF SELECTED FROM METAL ALCOHOLATES. INCLUDES THE PROCESS INCLUDING THE INTRODUCTION OF CATALYST IN A REACTOR AND THE REAGENT FORMED AN ACETATE I AND II OF ALCOHOL IN A COLUMN DISTILLATION D1 OVERCOMING THE REACTOR AND A RUNNING PRESSURE P1 IDENTICAL TO THAT IN REIGNING A. Acetate III FORM is withdrawn from R MIXED WITH THE CATALYST THAT IS SEPARATE AND rECYCLED IN A MIXTURE R. azeotropic M1 IS ACETATE I AND ALCOHOL IV FORM, SORT LEADER OF D1 AND FEEDS COLUMN D2 DISTILLATION UNDER PRESSURE P2 P1 LESS, SO AS TO pRODUCE IN HEAD THEREOF MIXTURE azeotropic M2 LOW IN ALCOHOL IV THIS MIXTURE IS rECYCLED IN D1. THIS METHOD ALLOWS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REAGENTS RELATIVELY MOIST AND LOW ALCOHOL REAGENT, ESPECIALLY ALCOHOL SIDE.


Kazimierz Braun introduces his stage adaptation of "Behind the Wings", a drama considered the crowning achievement of the poet/playwright, Cyprian Norwid (1821–1883). Behind the Wings is composed of two parts. The action of one part takes place in the 19th Century in Warsaw. The other is situated in ancient Greece around the 7th Century BC. Both parts are bound by the structure of "theatre within theatre", popularized by Shakespeare in Hamlet. The Danish Prince uses the production of "The Murder of Gonzago" to unmask the murderer King. The hero of "Behind the Wings", Omegitt, uses his play Tyrtaeus to unmask the moral degradation of his contemporaries. The action of the entire play (composed of these two parts) takes place in a theatre, where, during a carnival ball, among other attractions, "Tyrtaeus" is performed. "Behind the Wings", as many of Norwid's works, was not published during the author's life time and was preserved with significant loopholes. Thus, for a production of this play the existing text must be adapted and transformed into a working scenario. The article discusses major obstacles which hinder the entrance to the great and complex dramatic edifice of "Behind the Wings" – such as the problems of the multitude of the characters, and the specific use of space and time by Norwid. In addition to the analysis of "Behind the Wings", Kazimierz Braun recalls his own works on this play, beginning by his studies of Polish Literature at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and at the Directing Department, Warsaw's School of Drama. During his long career he directed fifteen productions of Norwid's texts, both in theatres and in television in Poland. A literary adaptation and a miseen- scène project of "Behind the Wings" prepared by Kazimierz Braun was published in a book: Cyprian Norwid, "Za kulisami", opracowanie literackie i inscenizacyjne Kazimierz Braun, Wydawnictwo Pewne, Kielce 2021.


This paper uses unique primary data to analyse household income of rural poor in India, comparing those that engage in dairy as an extra income generating activity to those that do not receive income from this livelihood strategy. The households studied live in the second most drought prone area of India, where diversification of income, away from pure dependence on the traditional primary activity of direct or indirect agriculture is seen as detrimental to lift people out of poverty. The study looks into whether this idea can objectively be supported but also looked into what the households think themselves. The first part of the study does a thorough analysis of the data on subjective expectations collected by the author. All validity checks give confidence as to answers provided conforming to the basic laws of probability and reflecting respondents' beliefs. By comparing these expectations to realizations support is found for the idea that engaging in dairy will improve the households' livelihoods: Respondents who derive part of their income from selling milk had, typically have and also expect a significantly higher overall income stream. In addition, their expected standard deviation in income is significantly lower. Furthermore, looking at measured of inequality it is found that households that have no income from dairy experience greater inequality and this difference is more pronounced in expectations than in realizations.


Precise analytical asymptotic exponential rates of error, and bounds on those rates, for differential multiplephase-shift keying (DMPSK) systems that include post-detection integration are provided. Easily computed bounds on these rates are provided, both in the case of floor bit error probability (i.e., with no additive noise) and in the case of weak additive noise. The derivation uses the theory of large deviations and illustrates its applicability to the analysis of communications systems. >


Modelling in soil ecological research is a means of linking the dynamics of microbial and faunal populations to soil processes. The objectives of this study were (i) to simulate bacterial-protozoan interactions and flows of C and N in clay loam Orthic Black Chernozemic soil under laboratory condtions; and (ii) to quantify the flux of C and N (inputs and outputs) through various pools using the simulation model. The unique features of this model are: (i) it combines the food chain with specific soil C and N pools, and (ii) it simultaneously traces the flows of C, 14C, N and 15N. It was possible to produce a model that fitted the data observed for the soil. The simulated CO2-C evolved during the first 12 d was due mainly to glucose addition (171 μg C g−1 soil) and cycling of C in the soil (160 μg C g−1 soil). During this interval, bacterial C uptake was 5.5-fold greater than the initial bacterial C pool size. In the first 12 d protozoa directly increased total CO2-C evolution by 11% and increased NH4-N mine...


Background: Graphical data output from automated hematology analyzers, especially those related to red blood cells, have been traditionally ignored in favor of the more frequently used numerical values. This study presents characteristic red cell cytograms generated by Advia-120, a 5-part automated hematology analyzer, as seen in common hematological conditions. Materials and Methods: Both numerical and graphical data output from Advia-120 automated hematology analyzer (Technicon H1 series) were studied over a period of 2 years from blood samples processed for routine complete blood count in a high output hematology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital. Data were correlated with relevant clinical information and red cell parameters to diagnose the hematological condition in patients with anemia and abnormal red cell indices/red cell cytograms. Results: Common hematological conditions like iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, macrocytic anemia, dual deficiency anemia, cold agglutinins, and others were diagnosed based on characteristic red cell cytogram patterns, red cell indices, and relevant biochemical/other investigations. Conclusions: Red cell cytogram patterns from automated analyzers provide clinically useful information that acts as an adjunct to the numerical parameters and at times is even diagnostic of some hematological conditions not otherwise suspected.


BACKGROUND
Patients with mutations of the thyroid hormone receptor  gene (THRA) show resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH). No amendable mouse models are currently available to elucidate deleterious effects of TR1 mutants during early development. Zebrafish with transient suppressed expression by morpholino knockdown and ectopic expression of TR1 mutants in the embryos have been reported. However, zebrafish with germline transmittable mutations have not been reported. The stable expression of thra mutants from embryos to adulthood facilitated the study of molecular actions of TR1 mutants during development.

METHODS
In contrast to human and mice, the thra gene is duplicated, thraa and thrab. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis, we created dominant negative mutations in the two duplicated thra genes in zebrafish. We comprehensively analyzed the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of mutant fish during development.

RESULTS
Adult and juvenile homozygous thrab 1-bp ins (m/m) mutants exhibited severe growth retardation, but adult homozygous thraa 8-bp ins (m/m) mutants had very mild growth impairment. Expression of the growth hormone (gh1) and insulin-like growth factor 1 was markedly suppressed in homozygous thrab 1-bp ins (m/m) mutants. Decreased mRNA and protein levels of T3-regulated keratin genes and inhibited keratinocyte proliferation resulted in epidermis hypoplasia of adult and juvenile homozygous thrab 1-bp ins (m/m) mutants, but not homozygous thraa 8-bp ins (m/m) mutants. RNA-seq analysis showed that homozygous thrab 1-bp ins (m/m) mutation had global impact on the functions of the adult pituitary. However, no morphological defects, nor any changes in the expression of gh1 and keratin genes were observed in the embryos and early larvae. Thus, mutations of either the thraa or thrab gene did not affect initiation of embryogenesis. But the mutation of the thrab gene, but not the thraa gene, is detrimental in post-larva growth and skin development.

CONCLUSIONS
The thra duplicated genes are essential to control temporal coordination in post-larva growth and development in a tissue-specific manner. We uncovered novel functions of the duplicated thra genes in zebrafish in development. These mutant zebrafish could be used as a model for further analysis of TR1 mutant actions and for rapid screening of therapeutics for RTH.


This study investigated worker response to stock ownership under different conditions of employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) administration. When ESOP benefits were immediate and equitable, rising...


PurposeThis study identifies the conventional elements of the vending marketing mix and how they vary across academic segments in the context of a typical French university.Design/methodology/approachTo determine the elements of the vending marketing mix, the author conducts interviews with international industry experts and undertake 170 direct observations at various universities to verify the differences between the marketing mix proposals of dissimilar target markets.FindingsThe results reveal significant variances across all elements of the marketing mix, with distribution characteristics being the most frequently adapted element across various markets, followed by promotion- and product-related parameters, while pricing characteristics are most commonly standardised.Research limitations/implicationsVending operators should pay particular attention to marketing decisions related to the product assortment length, selection of appropriate locations, availability of smart payment options and feedback communication channels. The results reveal significant variances across all elements of the marketing mix indicating that vending operators apply strategies to reach different market segments. However, there is a high degree of standardisation within vending channels.Originality/valueThough vending channels are an important retail format, prior studies do not investigate their marketing mixes. This is the first attempt to empirically establish the conventional elements of the vending marketing mix and to measure its variation across customer segments.


The urine testing reagent is mixed solution of nitric acid and sulfuric acid containing mercurous nitrate, mercuric nitrate, nickel nitrate and/or nickel acetate, alpha-nitroso-beta-naphthol, two-valence Hg ion, Hg2 ion and Ni ion. As reagent for tumor survey, it is fast, simple, cheap, high in specificity and sensitivity and low in false positive rate and false negative rate ,and it can provide qualitative reference for liver and gall function.


Yan Ropert-Coudert1*, David Gremillet2, Helene Gachot-Neveu2, Sue Lewis3 and Peter G Ryan4 1 National Institute of Polar Research, 1-9-10 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8515, Japan 2 Centre d'Ecologie et Physiologie Energetiques, 23 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France 3 NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Banchory Research Station, Hill of Brathens, Banchory, Aberdeenshire, AB31 4BW, United Kingdom 4 DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa * Corresponding author, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Figure 18(a) on page 2540 is incorrect (figure 17(a) was repeated). The correct figure 18(a) is shown below. Figure 18. (a) Detector time signal (position: 5 mm, 80 kHz modulation frequency).


14. A General Meeting of the Society shall be held in London in June of each year, when the Reports of the Council and of the Auditors shall be read, the Council, Officers, and Auditors for the ensuing year elected, and any other business recommended by the Council discussed and determined. Meetings of the Society for the reading of papers may be held at such times as the Council may fix, due notice being given to Members.


This meta-analysis reviewed 86 studies, 244 effect sizes, and 5,1407 participants in the past 20 years, to examine the relationship between attributional style—involving internal, stable, global, and composite causes for negative outcomes—and depression. We found overwhelming support for this relationship; further, we found that it was moderated by age and gender, with only adults having a significant correlation between global causes and depression, adolescents obtaining a stronger correlation between composite causes and depression compared to adults and children, and girls/women having a stronger correlation between all four causes and depression compared to boys/men. Our findings suggest that the effect of individuals' attributional style involving global and composite causes on depression may differ according to age, and that girls/women are more likely to be affected by all four causes. Through this study, adolescent girls emerged as the most vulnerable group, for whom interventions need to be devel...


Investigations have shown that in the regime of Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF) "natural" crack initiation often takes place underneath the material surface leading to crack propagation without contact to atmospheric components. In order to elucidate the environmental damage contribution and its effect on the VHCF long crack propagation, fatigue experiments with alternating environment (vacuum and laboratory air) were performed. An ultrasonic fatigue testing system (USFT) equipped with a small vacuum chamber was applied that enables the in-situ examination of the long fatigue crack propagation at a resonance frequency of about 20 kHz by using a long distance microscope. By means of the Focused-Ion-Beam technique, micro-notches were prepared in the USFT specimens. The tests were carried out on the aluminium alloys EN-AW 6082 and 5083 in different conditions. It has been found that the atmosphere has a significant influence on the VHCF long crack propagation which manifests itself in the crack path as well as in the crack growth rates. Because of pronounced single sliding in vacuum, shear-stress-controlled crack propagation was detected whereas in laboratory air normal-stress-controlled crack propagation occurred. Furthermore, it has been proven that the secondary precipitation state of the aluminium alloy significantly influences the VHCF long crack propagation in vacuum.


Summary

Samples from fifty-eight arable topsoils in south-eastern Scotland were analyzed for compactability, plasticity, organic matter content, particle density, and particle-size distribution. The samples were classified by the methods employed for engineering soils and the groupings so obtained were compared with the textural classes. The criteria for the classification of engineering soils provide useful information on the likely mechanical behaviour of arable soils in the field. Tests were made for correlation between fifteen soil properties. The organic matter content, which in the samples studied ranged from 2 to 10 per cent, was shown to influence several mechanical properties, including optimum moisture content, maximum dry bulk density, liquid limit, and plastic limit.

Maximum bulk density and optimum moisture content were strongly correlated with Atterberg limits and organic matter content. The liquid limit was more closely correlated with particle-size distribution than was the plastic limit. Unlike soils encountered in engineering, the particle density of these soils was not correlated with particle-size distribution but, like the Atterberg limits, was strongly correlated with organic matter content.


Many uninhabited islands are far away from the mainland and a lot of management difficulties are caused by above factors. In order to know the situation of the uninhabited islands clearly and timely, it's necessary to use the remote sensing to recognize the uninhabited islands. This paper discusses the remote sensing recognition methods of the relevant characteristics of uninhabited islands based on a wide range of remote sensing data fusion and integration. The first method is using the combination of TM band data to recognize uninhabited islands. The second method is using the spot image data to compare with the spatial island layer to recognize uninhabited islands. The results show that they are effective methods for us to recognize the uninhabited islands and the time could be saved. By contrast, the first method is a useful complement to location the uninhabited islands but is difficult to get the accurate area. The second method is important means to get the relatively accurate area of the uninhabited islands. The high resolution imagery is very useful to recognize the small uninhabited islands and the relatively accurate area could be calculated by overlapped the spatial island layers.


The process of a classification application is usually dynamic and long. During the process of an application, better classification application effect can be acquired by enlarging and adjusting the training dataset continuously, for example, modifying the wrong labels of original instances. For this kind of dynamic classification applications, how to build an interpretable classifier which can help domain experts to understand each label's meanings reflected from the dataset, then to compare and discriminate them with their own mastered domain knowledge, and finally to adjust and optimize the training set to enhance the effect of classification applications, is a neglected but worth studying issue. Therefore, an interpretable classification model based on characteristic element extraction is proposed in this paper. The proposed classifier is constructed by extracting positive and negative characteristic elements for all class labels which can intuitively reflect their instinct characteristics. Thus, it has high interpretability obviously and can effectively help domain experts optimize classification effect. At the same time, experiment results show that our classifier also has higher accuracy compared with other kinds of classical classifiers. Consequently, the classification model proposed in this paper is effective and efficient, especially in practical applications.


We reviewed articles from four premier journals in the field of gifted education for the years 2001 to 2006 (N = 506). We classified articles according to types, including narrative, descriptive, correlational, meta-analysis, causal-comparative, experimental, and qualitative. Results indicated that 46% of the articles were narrative, 16% qualitative, 13% causal-comparative, 10% correlational, 9% descriptive, 2% experimental, 1% meta-analytic, and 3% fell into multiple categories. We also collected information concerning the first authors of each article to determine the frequency of publication, gender, professional affiliation, and review board membership. Our results indicated that there is a need for more diversity in the gifted education field, particularly in terms of professional affiliation. The most salient need, however, is for more evidence-based research.


With the growing recognition over the past 2 decades regarding the harm caused by school bullying on a child's physical and emotional health, a variety of measures to reduce bullying has been put in place. Given all these efforts, is school bullying trending upward (as many might fear) or downward (as we hope)? What are the current rates of bullying? And, beyond a singular focus on the occurrence of bullying episodes, is the climate in schools improving?

The large-sample, 10-year longitudinal study of school bullying by Waasdorp et al1 in this issue of Pediatrics addresses these questions, and does so with commendable rigor. For instance, they used a standard definition of bullying, specifying the attributes of intention, repetition, and power imbalance; the use of this standard definition is not always routine in studies of bullying, making comparisons across studies usually problematic. They also examined a broader age range of students than in other research, improving the generalizability of the findings. Finally, they used a sophisticated longitudinal design that takes into account a number of covariates to better understand trends in bullying and related behaviors over this 10-year period.

The good news from the Waasdorp et al …

Address correspondence to Stephen S. Leff, PhD, Violence Prevention Initiative, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, 2716 South St, Floor 8, #8323, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail: leff{at}email.chop.edu


The paper optimizes measuring points on body in white of N106 to reduce the quantity of measuring points and improves utilization of measuring equipment and random inspection frequency.It also analyzes measured data and reflect problems by process control mapping and CII index,strengthens data action to feedback quality issue and improves utilization of data source so as to guide effectively the quality improvement and process control capability in workshops.


In the process of foreign language learning,learners' affective factors are closely related to their learning behaviors and learning effects, including interest, motivation, attitude, self-confidence and anxiety. This paper will attempt to provide the current situation of oral English teaching in college English. And discuss the effective methods to develop students' interests and impulse their positive motivation, and enhance their consciousness and initiative. Thereby they can overcome various difficulties and keep on going in the learning process in high spirits and with great concentration and, accordingly, they will have a better chance of deriving benefit from the language learning.


The surface structure of the Chinese mitten crab dactylopodite was investigated. The results indicated that the Chinese mitten crab dactylopodite has grooves with variable section structure on the surface of dactylopodite for achieving good traveling behavior on soft terrain. Surface structure plays a key role in the walking performance of the leg mechanism. Based on the bionics coupling theory, three bionic walking feet with different section shapes, including circular (Bio 1), circular with grooves (Bio 2), hexagon (Bio 3) and a cylinder foot used for comparison on the aluminum alloy, were designed and fabricated successfully. Meanwhile, comparative experiments on intrusion, extraction and propulsion for walking feet were conducted on different soil. Experimental results show that a bionic walking foot reduced the energy consumption of insertion and extraction, which topped out to 93.95% and 92.78% of cylinder foot, and Bio 2 behaves better. Propulsion is closely correlated with intrusion depth; therefore, compared with cylinder foot, the sinkage of a bionic walking foot helps to achieve a larger propulsion force with the same pressure. Furthermore, the proper depth in balancing the sinkage and propulsion was discussed, which enables us to optimize the structure and performance of a walking foot.


Entrepreneurship lays at the basis of the development of society and based on the concept of innovation. The entrepreneurial models developed over time start from the classic concept which states that the owner of resources can play the role of the entrepreneur, the ownership right being very important, this models continue with the diversification of the market, of the industries of the market segments where the state contribution plays a very significant role for example, continuing with modern entrepreneurial theories where innovation plays the leading role by identifying business opportunities. Innovation can be revolutionary or incremental, can be based upon product and process development, systematic and sporadic innovations, entrepreneurial and social innovations. Cultural heritage entrepreneurship plays an important role as the pivot for the heritage tourism development in which concerns rural areas of Romania which represents the main focus of this study. It is important to outline that having into consideration the need of change in the consumption process of the tourist consumer and this implies the development of a new entrepreneurship models based on multiculturalism and innovation.


Likert scale measures are commonly used in assessing student performance as well as student perceptions. They are particularly good in gathering data to subjective questions, but being able to compare and contrast multiple Likert data has been a challenge for the typical academic. Researchers and educators alike frequently assign a numerical value to each Likert category, and then take a weighted average to get some general overall value that can be used for comparative purposes. Such efforts are fraught with error, since Likert scales are ordinal measures. A new measure is presented here and discussed, and an example of its use is provided. The new measure is called the Consensus Measure; when used in conjunction with a weighted mean it is easy to intuitively grasp the dispersion of values around any mean. Ranking sets of Likert scale data is easily accomplished and philosophically established.


Copyright © 2014, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center; Published by Kowsar Corp. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections are among the most common reasons for hospitalization of adults (1). These infections are most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci (2). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) account for many of these infections and present a particular treatment challenge because current therapies are limited by toxicity, resistance, or the lack of an oral formulation (3). Patients with skin or skin structure infections have three new antibiotic options, which have similar efficacy and safety profiles as vancomycin. Glycopeptides, such as vancomycin are the most available agents with in vitro and in vivo activity against gram-positive infection. Dalbavancin (Durata Therapeutics) is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic agent with in vitro and in vivo activity against gram-positive pathogens and a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of this agent is required to inhibit the growth of 90% of the isolates (MIC90) (4). Oritavancin, a synthetic analog of vancomycin that also has activity against gram-positive bacteria. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, oritavancin and IV vancomycin were compared for the treatment of patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (SOLO I); patients were randomly assigned to receive either a single-dose intravenous oritavancin or intravenous vancomycin twice daily and treatment was successful for 82.3% of the oritavancin group and 78.9% of the vancomycin group (5). Tedizolid is a novel oxazolidinone antibacterial drug designed to provide enhanced activity against gram-positive pathogens. The efficacy and safety of intravenous and oral tedizolid for treatment of patients with acute bacterial skin and skinstructure infections has been established by some studies. Intravenous to oral once-daily tedizolid 200 mg for 6 days is non-inferior to twice-daily linezolid 600 mg for 10 days for treatment of patients with acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections. Tedizolid could become a useful option for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections in the hospital and outpatient settings (6). Studies have shown that the efficacy of dalbavancin administered once weekly, Oritavancin single dose and tedizolid 200 mg daily for 6 days are not inferior to that of a conventional twice daily antibiotic regimen with vancomycin or other glycopeptides and the early primary end point of cessation of the spread of infection and the absence of fever showed a consistent treatment effect regarding a reduction in the area of infection (4-6). Patients treated with dalbavancin had fewer adverse events than those treated with vancomycin and linezolid. However, further evaluation and monitoring is necessary as more patients are exposed to these agents; according to preliminary data, the adverse-effect profile of oritavancin and dalbavancin of these lipoglycopeptides is generally similar to that of drugs currently used to treat severe gram-positive infections (7). In the recent years, despite of suitable treatments in terms of cost befit and availability for gram-positive infections in Iran, it seems that the old treatment of gram-positive infection such as vancomycin is still prescribed by Iranian physicians. Studies comparing new and old treatments can lead Iranian physicians to optimal choice for treatment of gram-positive infections.


The dynamic modeling and control method of semi-active suspension system are studied. The four-degree-of-freedom semi-active suspension model of half car is established. The road input model, body displacement calculation model, wheel displacement calculation model, body displacement and pitch angle calculation model, and overall model is presented. The sliding mode controller and fuzzy sliding mode controller are designed respectively to control the suspension. The combination of fuzzy control and sliding mode control can reduce the vertical acceleration and the pitch Angle of the vehicle body, which indicates that the sliding mode fuzzy control method presented here can improve the ride comfort of the studied suspension more effectively.


Abstract This article explores the influence of socio-economic discontent on the determination of decision makers to cut subsidies on natural gas for Russian households. The authors outline first the organisation of gas supplies and subsidies, and secondly the relationship between policymaking signals and public opinion concerning the minor price adjustments implemented so far. They then examine previous cases of discontent in other sectors, extrapolating implications for a major increase in gas prices. The conclusion is that Russian policymaking is characterised by a pattern of 'two steps forward, one step back': decision makers are concerned about discontent, but nonetheless they ultimately press on with reform.


Professors Arney and Bergen seek an interpretation of &dquo;the encounter between patients and physicians&dquo; which is more adequate than the one currently in vogue. The need for such an interpretation has arisen because &dquo;around 1950&dquo; significant changes in the relationships between patients and physicians began to occur. These changes require adequate articulation. Though the changing relationships between patients and physicians have been recognized for quite some time now, the curent interpretation, which describes this change in terms of simple shifts of power from one group to another, e.g., from physicians to patients, or to other health care professionals (p. 167), simply will not do. For


One of the key challenges for long range Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) is the limitation of the communication capability. Many existing communication technics are conventionally adopted in UAS to improve the quality of the communication such as satellite communication, cellular networks, and relay aircrafts. However, the mentioned solutions often incur several drawbacks including costs, complexity, communication delay, or inefficient power consumption. LoRaWAN is one of the recently emerging communication technics used in the Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) technology. It has a promising potential to improve the coverage of UAS communication, since it can transmit/receive signals below the noise floor in a very long range with very low energy consumption by using the waveform modulation technique called Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS). In this paper, we show the potential of LPWAN as the supplementary communication in UAS. The experiment results show that LoRaWAN can maintain the communication capability beyond 80 km where the popular RF device, RFD900x, has lost its ability to communicate at this distance.


A new alloy for lead‐free solder balls is introduced combining the advantages of a smooth surface after production and a uniform reflectivity after the ball attach process. This property significantly simplifies the inspection process during ball grid array (BGA) processing. By adding small amounts of Indium and Lanthanum to the ternary eutectic SnAgCu‐alloy a pentary, virtually eutectic composition with a melting point of 214°C is realised. It is shown that the processability in terms of reflow behaviour and the shear strength of BGA spheres made of this alloy is comparable to or better than that of ternary SnAgCu‐balls.


N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) is a crucial RNA chemical mark which plays important roles in various biological processes. The development of highly multiplexed, cost-effective, and easy-to-operate methodologies for locus-specific analysis of m 6 A is critical for advancing our understanding of the roles of this modification. Here, we report a method which builds upon the principle of the previously reported SELECT approach by significantly improving its efficiency and coupling it to next generation sequencing technology for high-throughput validation and detection of m 6 A modification at selected sites (LEAD-m 6 A-seq). Through probing cDNA extension mediated by Bst DNA polymerase at and near target cellular sites by sequencing, we evaluated m 6 A modification at these sites, and estimated differential methylation levels (0%-84%) upon in vitro demethylation by FTO with high reproducibility. We envision that this strategy can be readily used for testing a greater number of sites with a broad dynamic range and modified to study other RNA modifications.


This paper provides a way to classify vocal disorders for clinical applications, thanks to the idea of geometric signal separation in a feature space. It is well known that the human voice source generates complex signals including subharmonics and toroidal oscillations. Typical chaotic quantities — like the entropy and the dimension of the attractor — together with autocorrelation function, power spectrum and other conventional measures are analysed in order to provide entries for the feature vectors. We report on a successful application of the geometrical signal separation in distinguishing between normal and disordered phonation. Both qualitative and quantitative results are presented.


In a MOS transistor as a selection transistor in a one-transistor memory cell having Nitridspacern (or other than oxidation barrier-acting spacer material) is used to reduce leakage currents a bird's beak at the gate oxide employed. The manufacturing method provides for making the bird's beak (5) before generation of the nitride spacer (7). The MOS transistor can be used especially as a selection transistor in a DRAM.


Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains immunosuppressive myeloid cells that contribute to checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) resistance. One approach as part of Pionyr Immunotherapeutics ' Myeloid Tuning ™ strategy is to repro-gram immunosuppressive myeloid cells to acquire an immu-nostimulatory anti-tumor phenotype. Macrophage Receptor with a Collagenous Structure (MARCO) is an attractive target for myeloid reprogramming, considering its immunomodula-tory function and expression on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (mMDSCs) in the TME. Pionyr has developed a humanized IgG1 k anti-MARCO monoclonal antibody, PY265, to investi-gate the potential of MARCO modulation as an anti-cancer immunotherapeutic strategy. Methods MARCO expression on TAMs and mMDSCs from multiple solid tumor indications was determined by single-cell RNA sequencing and by using immunohistochemistry (IHC). PY265 activity on human monocyte derived macrophages (hMDMs) in vitro was evaluated by transcriptional profiling, phosphoprotein array, flow cytometry, and cytokine/chemokine measurements. In vivo efficacy and pharamacodynamic studies using a single in with in a cluster of TAMs mMDSCs that correlates with immunosuppressive signa-tures in multiple solid tumor types. IHC profiling


The principle objective of this study is to find a road roughness measuring system which could be operated at normal highway speeds and be implemented as a suitable replacement for the standard BPR Road Roughness Indicator. Several commercially manufactured road roughness devices including a Mays Ride Meter, A soiltest ML-500B Wisconsin Road Meter, and A soiltest CT-44B Roughness Integrator were evaluated. Results of the testing were subjected to statistical analyses to determine the precision, accuracy and correlation of the devices with the standard BPR Road Roughness Indicator. Recommendations for the implementation of the devices are also made. /FHWA/


This study uses a national dataset to examine the association among risk tolerance, financial literacy, and goals-based savings behavior of households. The results indicate that three out of five households do not have any emergency funds set aside, and about half the households have not calculated how much money they will need for retirement. However, both financial literacy and risk tolerance are associated with goals-based savings behavior, such as saving for emergencies, and planning for retirement among households. Implications for policy makers, scholars, and researchers in the area of behavioral economics and household finance are included.


In this thesis a general methodology for determining material models for soft biological tissues is introduced. This methodology is applied on lung parenchyma in order to determine two sophisticated material models, a phenomenological model and a model accounting for the contribution of the individual constituents of the micro-structure. Another major achievement of this work is the quantification of the relationship between global deformation states of the lung parenchyma and three-dimensional strain distributions in individual alveolar walls. These strains are of utmost importance, since they are the trigger causing inflammatory reactions during Ventilator-associated lung injury.


The invention discloses a process for extracting colistin sulfate through a precipitation method. The process comprises the following steps of: (a) adjusting pH of fermentation liquor containing polymyxin E with oxalic acid or concentrated sulfuric acid, and filtering with a filtering device; (b) adding 0 metal complexing agent and inorganic flocculant to the filtrate, and reacting at normal temperature for 0.5 to 4.0h; (c) heating, cooling, and vacuum-filtering the reactive liquid; (d) adjusting pH of the filtrate above with aqueous alkali, separating the solid from the liquid to obtain a filter cake, dissolving the filter cake with sulfuric acid solution so as to obtain acidizing fluid, adding potassium permanganate and activated carbon to the acidizing fluid respectively, agitating for0.5 to 2.0 hours, and then vacuum-filtering to obtain colistin sulfate liquid; and (e) centrifugally spray-drying the colistin sulfate liquid. With the adoption of the process, the common problems ofthe existing process for purifying fermentation liquor that the steps are complicated, the period is long, the labor intensity is relatively high, and the wastewater is difficult to treat and the like can be overcame.


The effects of plastic-sheet-covered cultivation,ridge culture,fertilization quantity and planting density on the yield of spring potato were studied. The results showed that plastic-sheet-covered cultivation could increase potato yield by 48.2%~57.6% and pure income by 7 734.90~7 813.35 yuan/hm\+2 as compared with open cultivation;ridge culture could increase potato yield by 7.92% as compared with normal culture;the proper quantity of applying three-component complex fertilizer was 600kg/hm\+2;the suitable planting density of potato was 82 500~97 500 plants/hm\+2.\;


In the traditional discourse location of classroom society, it seems that teachers have the dominating discourse power. However, it is the teachers' discourse power apparently given by authority that conceals the loss of that of their own. In the education world, the very fact is that teachers have lost their discourse power. Under the background of New Curriculum Reform, the return of teachers' discourse power is necessary. The dialogue between teacher and curriculum version and that between teachers and other education researchers should be realized. The form of the ability to use discourse power depends on the improvement of their own and the reform of the outside teaching institution.


replication where such fair access was absent. The PIC and LPIC policy support models used successfully in the TVE project are very relevant for similar future GEF projects, but are highly social, market development status, and political context dependant. Therefore, adjustment to local conditions will be required when promoting the China PIC and LPIC models to energy efficiency barrier removal projects in other developing countries. There are useful lessons to be learned from the TVE project's design and implementation regarding the desirability of having a more explicit focus on the overarching project purpose or outcome level, rather than on the achievement of a long list of specific project outputs. This project purpose focus could have included supporting self-replication projects and the quantifying their results worldwide; and on supporting and quantifying the co-funding achieved through ABC and TVE self-investment, rather than just focusing on the limited funding available from the GEF contribution to the RCF.


Last month, the Board of Professional Conduct of the Ohio Supreme Court released an advisory ethics opinion discussing the propriety of flat fee agreements. In it, the Board reiterates the principles contained in the Ohio Rules of Professional Conduct on whether a lawyer may enter into an agreement requiring a client to pay a flat fee in advance of representation and whether a lawyer must deposit such a fee into a client trust account. Because these questions are addressed in the applicable Rules of Professional Conduct or their comments, the Opinion does not actually add much to the current state of the law. Unfortunately, however, that state of the law is based on a confusing and indefensible inherent contradiction within the applicable rules. By simply repeating that confused doctrine without criticizing it, the Board missed the opportunity to take a stand against the wrongheaded state of the law and to propose a much needed change in the applicable rules. As a result, the Board's opinion merely reiterates a faulty analysis that leads to confusion and defeats the purpose of providing clear guidance to lawyers. This short essay will discuss the issues and will provide an alternative approach to help Ohio lawyers better understand the issues they face when handling flat fees paid in advance.


A case of intestinal splenosis in a splenectomized patient is presented. 111In-DTPA-D-Phe-1-octreotide (111In-OCT) scintigraphy, computed tomography, as well as magnetic resonance imaging suggested a tumor in the small intestine. The histopathogical finding after operation revealed an intestinal splenosis. This case illustrates that intestinal splenosis may mimic a tumor by 111In-OCT scan. In a splenectomized patient, a splenosis should therefore be considered.


This study aim ed at making video company profile using Adobe Premiere Pro as promotional media for KB-TK Star Kids . This research was explanatory research with reference group, price and purchasing decisions as variables. This research used data collection techniques of observation, interview and questionnaire, and with a purposive sampling technique to obtain 100 respondents. The data analysis methods were multiple linier regression. The results of the research in the first cycle were considered poor according to computer experts and, therefore, it continued in the second cycle. In the second cycle, the returned question averagely scored 3.75, with Empathy scored  4,05 , Persuasion 3.45, Impact 3.8, and Communication 3 .7 The results show that the overall dimensions of the video company profile was  worthy  to be used as additional promotional media.


Sensitivity of the scattering parameters of ridge waveguide filters with respect to the relative dielectric constant is evaluated analytically. These scattering parameters are obtained with the full-wave mode matching technique. Using only the mode matching simulation of the original structure, the sensitivity of the scattering parameters is obtained. The adjoint network method (ANM) is applied to the generalized scattering matrices (GSMs) of the different filter components. The derivatives of these GSMs are obtained analytically instead of being evaluated using finite differences. This guarantees good accuracy of the calculated sensitivity. Excellent agreement is obtained between ANM calculated sensitivity and that obtained using the more expensive central finite differences.


The article presents mathematical models for both salient pole and non-salient pole synchronous motors represented as electrical circuits with dependent sources, which can be used for the transient analysis of agricultural electrical power systems


As a substitution to two conventional two-level inverters, the Nine-Switch Inverter (NSI) has been suggested in various industrial applications. Thanks to its special topology with reduced number of semiconductor switches, the prospects of exploiting this new inverter in Electric Vehicle (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) applications are very high. This claim has been supported by the development of two Direct Torque Control (DTC) schemes to drive two induction motors via the NSI. While the first control scheme was simple but inefficient in some operating conditions, the second method enhanced the performances of the first control scheme but lacks the simplicity, which can prove costly. In the present paper, a novel control algorithm is proposed to strike the right balance between the simplicity of the control scheme and its effectiveness in controlling speeds of the two motors while keeping torque and stator flux ripples in permissible ranges. Simulation results confirmed the superiority of the newly developed control scheme. Finally, the entire control scheme is suggested in an EV application.


We propose three theories, which can be regarded as attempts to characterize and establish guaranteed properties of wireless networks: (i) How and to what extent can we deliver packets with hard delay bounds? (ii) How and to what extent can we synchronize clocks in wireless networks? (iii) Can we develop provably secure protocols for the entire life-cycle of wireless networks that also optimize a utility measure while operating in a hostile environment? For the first problem, consider an access point serving several clients over unreliable wireless links. Suppose packets arrive for/from the clients, with each packet having a hard deadline, after which it is dropped. We characterize precisely the mix of delivery ratios, channel unreliabilities and hard deadline that the access point can guarantee, under some models. For the second problem, consider a wireless network where clocks at the nodes are linear, though with different rates (skews) and offsets. Nodes can exchange packets with their neighbors, with direction dependent delays. We characterize precisely to what extent clocks can and cannot be synchronized and delays determined. Under a random model the end-to-end error can be kept bounded irrespective of network size. Concerning the third problem, traditionally, wireless protocols have been developed to provide performance. As attacks are identified, the protocols are fortified against the identified vulnerabilities. However, holistic guarantees are not provided against other attacks. We seek to reverse this paradigm. We propose a provable approach that guarantees the protocol suite is secure when the nodes are subject to certain assumptions. The protocols take a set of good nodes mingled with unknown malicious nodes from primordial birth to an operating network, while attaining min-max of a utility function. The maximization is over protocols announced and followed by the good nodes, and the minimization is over all behaviors of the malicious nodes. Further, the malicious nodes are reduced to either cooperating or jamming. [Joint work with Vivek Borkar, Nikolaos Freris, Scott Graham, I-Hong Hou, Yih-Chun Hu, Jonathan Ponniah and Roberto Solis].


In our paper [SIAM J. Appl. Math., 66 (2006), pp. 1895–1916] there are several mistakes in signs in the statements of Theorems 3 and 6.


A native fruit of the Cerrado, Araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) is widely consumed fresh. Due to their seasonality, the application of processing technologies are alternatives that ensure an increase in their shelf life, and consequently add economic value, among them, one of the most accepted ways by consumers is the transformation of fruits into sweets. Therefore, the knowledge of the nutritional composition, as well as the development of the nutritional composition table according to the legislation, is of great importance. Therefore, the present work has as objective the Araticum pulp in the form of candy in mass with substitutions of the pectin used commercially by passion fruit albedo, and also to evaluate the nutritional quality of formulations, focusing on the insertion of the fruit in the consumer market. For processing, a 2³ experimental design with 11 trials and 3 independent variables (citric acid, pulp/sugar and passion fruit albedo) was used. Nutritional information of the formulations was carried out in accordance with current legislation and arranged in nutritional composition tables. The low-calorie formulations, values, are lower than those found for commercial sweets, which expands the possibilities of consumption of the product, such as in school meals.