In this paper, we propose a provably correct algorithm for convolutive nonnegative matrix factorization (CNMF) under separability assumptions. CNMF is a convolutive variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), which functions as an NMF with additional sequential structure. This model is useful in a number of applications, such as audio source separation and neural sequence identification. While a number of heuristic algorithms have been proposed to solve CNMF, to the best of our knowledge no provably correct algorithms have been developed. We present an algorithm that takes advantage of the NMF model underlying CNMF and exploits existing algorithms for separable NMF to provably find the unique solution (up to permutation and scaling) under separability-like conditions. Our approach guarantees the solution in low noise settings, and runs in polynomial time. We illustrate its effectiveness on synthetic datasets, and on a singing bird audio sequence.


The life expectancy of a person in Japan is about 83 years for men and women, 82 years in France while it is 34 years in Swaziland (a small kingdom in Southern Africa devastated by AIDS and hunger). Thus, each year millions of women in Sub-Saharan Africa give birth to a large number of children who die at birth because of food shortage which automatically generates brain damage and motor impairments. In subSaharan African countries, 500 000 mothers die every year during childbirth, most of them by prolonged lack of food during pregnancy. Like undernourishment, malnutrition usually affects the children of underdeveloped countries who live mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, authorities intervene only rarely by setting up some treatments to alleviate the suffering of children. The World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank are bodies associated with the United states, who consider the right to food as vital and essential. Behind these organizations, there are large private transcontinental companies controlling several areas of activity such as production, distribution, etc..and, thus, have power over the exercise of the right to food. These companies generally have greater financial resources than those of most countries in which they operate and produce very large gains. The same companies provide transportation, insurance and distribution of food goods, a fact which allows them to control the entire production process and makes of each one of these companies a monopoly in its activity sector to behave consequently against the right to food. 20 International Scientific Conference "Economic and Social Development" Prague, 27-28 April 2017 2 For these private transcontinental companies, hunger is a scandalous phenomenon which will not be eliminated unless two conditions are met: the first one is related to a strong industrialization with a maximum capital and most advanced technologies as well as the elimination of family farms and food wastage; the second one is relative to the full liberalization of the market. The latter is sinéquanone to defeat the scourge of hunger since a fully liberalized market will enable a free and adequate food, while this remains impossible as long as natural disasters may arise.


Over the ocean, there is mutual effect between air and sea. This effect would affect atmospheric refractivity, or modified atmospheric refractivity, and a lot of kinds of the profiles of atmospheric refractivity and modified atmospheric refractivity will happen. One kind of refractivity profiles is evaporation duct, the trace of electromagnetic wave could be changed within it, and the range of wireless detection would enlarge. In this paper, one kind of LKB-based evaporation duct models called NPS model is introduced, and we use actual evaporation duct height data gathered during recent years to study the applicability of this evaporation duct model. The conclusion could offer some help for understanding NPS model.


Objective. To explore the possibility of radioprotective influence a course of dietary supplement "Tsygapan" (2 mg daily dose for 30 days) on reactivity of isolated vessels (fragments of thoracic aorta and mesenteric artery) of rats after a single X-ray irradiation in sublethal doses of 7 Gy. Methods: Five groups of adult (7-8 months) Wistar population male rats were used: 1 - control; 2 - X-irr. at a dose of 0,01806 C/kg (7 Gy) (dose rate 0,00129 C/kg per/min), exposition time – 14 min, rats were taken to experiment 30 days after exposure); 3 - X-irr. at a dose of 7 Gy, followed by feeding of Tsygapan daily at a dose of 2 mg for 30 days and subsequent acute experiment (acute experiment to extract vessels held the day after the course feeding of Tsygapan); 4 - courses feeding of Tsygapan daily dose of 2 mg for 30 days and subsequent acute experiment; 5 - courses feeding of Tsygapan daily dose of 2 mg for 30 days before a single X-irr. at a dose of 7 Gy, 30 days after which they took in acute experiment. Agonist- and insulin-dependent reaction of isolated vessels of experimental rats were investigated. Results: X-irr. leads to lower levels of endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine (10 -5 M) compared to control animals and those receiving Tsy gapan after irradiation. In group of exposed animals were observed changes in sensitivity to acetylcholine, which manifested as a shift to the left dose-effect curve relative to controls. Fragments of isolated vessels in irradiated animals and those treated after exposure differed. Tsygapan increased sensitivity to acetylcholine, compared with the control group and animals exposed after a course introduction Tsygapan. Contractile activity of blood vessels smooth muscle of irradiated animals and those receiving supplements Tsygapan to radiation differed low sensitivity to phenylephrine, compared with the control group and animals exposed after entering Tsygapan, taking into account the right shift corresponding dose-effect curves. Changes of vessels reactivity studied also in relation to the insulin concentration close to physiological (0,001 U/ml). Established that sensitivity of  control animals vessels in the presence of insulin to become acetylcholine and phenylephrine. This trend continued to vessels fragment of animals feeding Tsygapan after irradiation. However, in the case of animals exposed separately and after the introduction of Tsygapan changes were observed, indicating a significant inhibition of endothelium-dependent dilation and lack of response of smooth muscle to insulin (insulin resistance). Conclusion. Radiation produced a significant impact on the reactivity of the investigated vessels − the ability to endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent reaction, and exchange feeding Tsygapan was effective in preventing these radiation induced disorders of vascular reactivity when it used after X-irr.


The article is devoted to the analysis of sources and literature on the history of the education of foreign students in German higher education institutions. The main goal of the article is to detect the most significant aspects of the research subject area and its impact on further investigations on history of universities. We note that the education of foreign students in Germany has provided to significant influence in the political discourse of this country. At the same time, various investigations practically ignore the issues related to our research subject area. The discussion of the last third of the XIX century in Germany about the excessive number of foreign students in German higher education institutions is considered. The discussion was called «akademische Ausländerfrage» and appeared together with the «overcrowding crisis» by foreign students from technical higher education institutions and medical faculties of German universities. Two issues were central in the discussion. On the one hand, nationalist and anti-Semitic groups strongly opposed a large number of Jews from Eastern Europe among students of German universities. Moreover, Polish and Russian students were also considered as «undesirable foreigners». The principle of internationality of universities was subjected to attacks and discredit as fundamental for the academic community of Europe. On the other hand, the universities strongly protested against interference in their internal affairs and their autonomy in general. In particular German universities strongly opposed any restrictions on foreign students obtaining university education. However universities were interested party in limiting the inflow of students with insufficient education and motivation. We conclude that the state policy of foreign students was equally opposed and harmonized the position of German universities.


Direct x‐ray diffraction determination of elastic strain and stress in aluminum and aluminum‐silicon films and patterned lines has been used to investigate the effect of various passivations. Passivation over uniform metal films has very little effect. Passivation over patterned metal results in substantial triaxial tensile stress. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, high compressive stress in the passivation does not result in additional tensile stress in the metal. The deleterious effects of highly compressive silicon nitride on metal is probably due to the effect of excess hydrogen in the silicon nitride.


Abstract : A comparison is made of two theories which have been proposed to account for behavior in the international system, rank theory and field theory. Some empirical data about international relations in the post war period is then applied to the theories. Attribute theory, which has never been proposed as a theory at all, serves mainly as a contrasting function.


Studies of the relative magnitude of the various components of the water balance of developing apple fruits are described. Water entering the fruit can be used in growth, evaporation or, subsequently, a reverse flow to other tissues. Estimates of evaporation were obtained from the weight loss by detached fruit hanging in their natural positions in the orchard. Evaporation rates could be estimated with reasonable precision using the maximum daily vapour pressure deficit x fruit surface conductance to water vapour. A method is described for the measurement of fruit surface conductance in the laboratory or the field. Although the conductance declined markedly during the season from ca. 1-5 x 1(T3 m s-1 in early May to less than 1 -0 x 10 4 m s-1 in September, the rate of water loss per fruit only declined slightly over this period. There were significant varietal differences in surface conductance, with Bramley apples having the lowest conductances of those studied, and Egremont Russet the highest. Fruit diameter gauges were used to provide continuous records of diurnal fluctuations in size of attached fruit. These records were used to estimate diurnal growth and shrinkage. The calculated volume shrinkage each day averaged 31% of net growth in early August and was largely accounted for by evaporation, with relatively little water flowing out of the fruit to other tissues.


Efficient infrared-to-visible upconversion is achieved in the YCl3-ErCl3-PbCl2-KCl phosphor system. Under 1.52 µm laser diode (LD) excitation, a specimen containing 20 mol% Er3+ dopant emitted bright green luminescence, and the fluorescence lines at 410 nm, 550 nm and 660 nm reached the respective intensities of 48, 20 and 9 times those of conventional Er3+-doped fluoride. A strong upconversion fluorescence at 496 nm due to the 4F7/2-4I15/2 transition is observed in the chloride phosphor under 0.972 µm LD excitation. This is ascribed to the direct two-step excitation process which occurs when multiphonon relaxation is suppressed in the chlorides.


Human societies have always devised codes or rules to live by. These codes or rules are set in place to ensure the overall well-being of most of the people. But we cannot deny the fact that crime has always manifested itself by one way or another and can be traced back to as far in history as records go. The origin of crime can be traced to combination of various social, economic, demographic institutional and local factors. These factors contribute towards various aspects of an individual's life such as his education, employment, family relationships, emotional stability, mental health, anonymity etc. which play a huge role in further determining the nature, pattern, frequency and volume of crime. So, until now we have established that where there are human society's crime and criminals are inevitable. The major problem which arises is that in some underdeveloped or developing countries crimes of all nature are not talked about openly or acknowledged let alone be reported. People as individuals should be equipped to their best of abilities in order to protect themselves and their families from all possible aspects of what they perceive as evil and to do so we will use Liner search, Dijkstra's and A* algorithm for finding the convicts near you.


In order to solve the classification of environmental audio data under the fewer number of the training examples, this paper combined Support Vector Machines SVM) and Entropy Priority Sampling (EPS), and proposed the SVM_EPS method as the selecting sampling strategies in active learning. And the method MOA (Multi- variant Optimization Algorithm) was exploited to select the optimal kernel parameters of SVM. In experiments, the CELP features in 11 dimensions were extracted from the given environmental audio data, and the classification performances were compared under different percent training samples with SVM, EPS and SVM_EPS. The results show that SVM_EPS method outperforms the SVM and EPS.


This chapter will examine the emergence of this new, post-New Deal conception of the role of the administrative state, often called "The New Governance." I will first describe the policy premises of the New Deal administrative state and contrast them with the underlying assumptions of the New Governance. In doing so, I will explain how the ideas that permeated the New Governance shaped regulatory policy in the 1990s and 2000s. I  Download SHARE FACULTY SCHOLARSHIP Regulation and the Collapse of the New Deal Order, or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Market. will then explore the reasons for the rise of this new conception of the administrative state. In particular, I will demonstrate that the New Governance had its origins not only in conservative attacks on the premises of the New Deal Order, but also from the left's powerful critique of the postwar liberal state. Document Type Article Home | About | FAQ | My Account | Accessibility Statement


Malaysia and Thailand are trading nations and see the world as their markets. The Uruguay round of trade negotiations under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) continue to be delayed. From the many potential approaches to engaging with international markets the favored tool is to negotiate bilateral and plurilateral free-trade agreements between trading partners. These are much easier to negotiate than the multilateral agreements under the WTO where consensus is required between all members – a very difficult task. This paper traces the development of FTAs in both countries and contrasts the breadth of coverage of their FTAs. It will be seen that Malaysia has been much more proactive in opening its services and financial sectors than has Thailand. This may be related to their level of and may also be related to the type of political development as well.


Before photography, only painters, printmakers, and sculptors could tell, through self-portraits, how they saw themselves and how they were perceived. In the past, only artists had the resources to capture and picture themselves. From one brushstroke to another, this mediated gesture marked the perception of the self. Western art highlights numerous works from artists who wrote the history of culture through portraiture and self-representation. In contemporary art, some artists have been able to explore new means to investigate new possibilities of representing the self. In the past, painters seemed to scrutinize the mirror in search for hidden truths; in our era, however, dominated by uncertainty, ambiguity, and speedy records that carry out their obsolescence, new issues cross the representation in contemporary art. It is undeniable that the history of art reveals how self-representation has been an essential tool for artists, regardless of the historical time in which they are inserted, in their search to reflect on themselves and their relations with the world. In the face of an immensely large and virtually inexhaustible universe, in this study we focus on five artists: Rembrandt, Francis Bacon, Robert Mapplethorpe, Cindy Sherman, and Nan Goldin.


documentary and allow for questions to be asked on the role of the protagonists in producing gendered and racialised stereotypes, the complexities of inequalities, multiple belonging and social change. Furthermore, the suggested films bring up important themes that concern gender and migration in different ways, and are paired with theoretical concepts and study questions. These exercises allow for reflections on positionality, what it means to be a recipient of powerful narratives of migration and gender, and how intersectionality can facilitate innovative analytical work. This chapter therefore illustrates the pedagogical ambition that runs through the book and conveys an inspiring enthusiasm for finding ways to bring gender into studies of migration in more productive ways. This critical overview and feminist intervention in the canon of migration research is, therefore, a resource for gender scholars who encounter dominant notions of migration, borders and assimilation in their role as teachers and researchers.


Exogenous estrogen or increased estrogen levels in pregnancy decrease asthma severity, suggesting that sex hormones may modulate the frequency and severity of asthma exacerbations and raising the possibility that estrogen may affect airway smooth muscle function and hyper‐responsiveness in asthma. Therefore, we studied the effects of estrogen replacement therapy on carbachol‐induced constriction of mouse tracheal rings. Female mice were ovariectomized (OVX) and implanted subcutaneously with an estrogen pellet releasing either 5μg or 15μg estradiol/day. After the 3 weeks estrogen treatment, animals were sacrificed and tracheal rings were sensitized overnight in medium containing serum from asthmatic (IgE> 1,000U) or non asthmatic (IgE <70U) humans and used for tension studies. The maximal contractile force (Fmax) to carbachol in rings from OVX mice sensitized with serum from asthmatic patients (ATR) was much higher than the Fmax in ATR from OVX mice receiving estrogen replacement and similar to the Fmax of ATR from male mice. In male mice, Fmax to carbachol in tracheal rings treated with serum from control patients (CTR) was 3.8±0.6g, compared to 6.1 ± 1.0g in ATR from male mice and 5.6±0.9g in ATR from female OVX mice. Conversely, Fmax to carbachol was 2.4 ± 0.3g in ATR from female OVX mice treated with 5μg estradiol/day and 2.7 ± 0.4 g in ATR from female OVX mice treated with 15μg estradiol/day. These results indicate that ovariectomized female mice are more susceptible to the asthmatic phenotype than ovariectomized female mice receiving estrogen replacement therapy, and suggest a protective role of estrogen replacement therapy in asthma.


Background and objectives:Obesity is accepted as independent risk factors for many diseases In this context, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of chronic physical diseases in obese women. Methods: The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectionally study consisted of 108 women patients who hospitalized with a chronic physical diseases in a university's public hospital, BMI was 30= kg/m2, had a sufficient cognitive level and agreed to participate in the study were included in the study sample.Data were obtained using patient identification form. The data were interpreted in the SPSS 22.0 package program. In distribution of demographic and disease related characteristics of women, mean, standard deviation and percentage distribution were used. Results: The average age of obese women is 62.27±12.10, 49.1% of them are illiterate, 65.7% are married. 6.5% of women are currently smoking. 47.2% of obese women have two or more chronic physical diseases. When chronic physical disease distribution in obese women was examined, it was determined that 31.2% had diabetes, 28.1% had hypertension and 17.2% had asthma. It was determined that 8.4% of the participants did not use the treatment regularly.Conclusion: Obesity is accompanied by many chronic physical diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and asthma. It is necessary to evaluate women for obesity, to raise awareness for obesity, to create supportive individual programs for obese women to lose weight, and to monitor obesity in order to prevent morbidity and mortality related to chronic physical diseases.


Full-duplex (FD) transmission in a point-to-point (P2P) link, wherein bidirectional traffic flows simultaneously share the same spectrum, has the capability of doubling the link rate by completely removing self-interferences. However, the rate performance of an FD heterogeneous network (HetNet) is not as clear as that of an FD P2P link due to the co-channel interferences induced by the complex FD and half-duplex (HD) transmission behaviors in the HetNet. To thoroughly investigate the achievable link rate performances of users and base stations (BSs) in a HetNet with decoupled user association, a hybrid-duplex approach is proposed to model a HetNet in which all BSs and users can perform HD or FD transmission depending on their traffic patterns. We first characterize the decoupled rate-optimal user association scheme and use it to define and evaluate the downlink and uplink rates in the HetNet. The tight lower bounds on the link rates of the FD users and BSs are found in a neat form that characterizes general channel fading, imperfect self-interference cancellation, and the intensities of users and BSs. These bounds outline the rate regions of the FD users that inspire us to propose the opportunistic FD scheduling algorithms that maximize the sum rate of each bidirectional traffic and stabilize each of the queues in the HetNet.


The research found that the systems biology embryonic thinking was formed by medical practitioners in Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic times through the long-term nature,social observation.They emphasized the integrative view,emphasized human being corresponding to the earth and sky which included the human being and nature;body itself,human being and society.The systems biology embryonic thinking has being guided the health Cares and the disease prevention,diagnosis and treatment.The unsophisticated systems biology thinking in Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic was investigated to excavate its Chinese medicine essence and to provide the thoughts of integrated traditional and western medicine.That is,the effect of natural environment、society、psychology、emotion changes on cell、tissue、protein、gene、metabolic、immune,and the law of the evolution of humanity、human's birth and oldness and illness and death were learned by researching on the combination of the thinking of systems biology of metabonomics,Proteomics,Genomics,andso on,and the overall system concept of the corresponding of human and nature,the corresponding of human and society,which make more contributions to disease prevention,diagnosis and treatment.


By tracking budgets for health through its annual resource mapping exercise, the Government of Malawi generated evidence for planning and budgeting, quantifying resource needs, mobilizing funds to fill financial gaps, and coordinating investments across stakeholders with different priorities toward common goals. The exercise was adapted to conduct COVID-19 resource mapping to inform planning and coordination of the national pandemic response. Key Findings Resource mapping, an exercise conducted by the Government of Malawi, has tracked budgets for health since 2011 using a census-survey data collection approach. We describe 4 ways that data have been used to improve efficient allocation of resources and mobilize new funding for government priorities. This includes national- and district-level planning and budgeting, prioritizing and coordinating existing funds by estimating resource availability, mobilizing new resources by conducting financial gap analyses against costed national strategic plans, and generating evidence to support the national response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Institutionalization of the resource mapping process and tools has been supported by iterative design improvements that mitigate implementation challenges and ensure that collected data are relevant to the needs of policy makers. In turn, this drives demand for resource mapping data from health sector stakeholders. Key Implications Policy makers should ensure that health resource-tracking exercises are fit for their purpose and designed around the end user. A flexible approach to resource tracking is advantageous if resource allocation decisions are to be responsive to health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. ABSTRACT Background: In 2011, the Ministry of Health in Malawi developed and institutionalized a resource-tracking process, known as resource mapping (RM), to collect information on planned funding flows across the health sector to support resource allocation and mobilization decisions. We analyze the RM process and tools and describe key uses of the data for health financing decision making to achieve universal health coverage (UHC). Methods: We applied a case study approach, written as a collaboration between policy makers who have led the RM process in Malawi and the implementation team who have developed tools, collected data, and reported results over the period. It draws on our experiences in conducting RM in Malawi to document the RM process and data, key uses of data, implementation challenges, and lessons learned. We conducted a gray literature review to understand rounds of RM in which we did not participate. Finally, we conducted a search of published literature to situate our work in the international health resource-tracking literature. Results: The RM exercise in Malawi is iteratively designed around the needs of the end users and policy priorities of the government, which in turn drives institutionalization of the exercise. We describe 4 ways in which RM data has been used, including national and district planning and budgeting; prioritization and coordination of existing funds by estimating resource availability; mobilization of new resources by conducting financial gap analysis against costed national strategic plans; and generation of evidence to support the national response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Discussion: To achieve UHC goals in Malawi, RM has equipped the government and development partners with critical data used for resource mobilization and coordination decisions. Lessons learned from RM in Malawi may be applicable to other countries starting or refining their own health resource-tracking exercise.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy of emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods One hundred and thirty-one consecutive patients with AMI treated by emergency PCI were divided into the elderly AMI group (37 cases) and the non-elderly AMI group (94 cases). The baseline characteristics and cardiac events were analysed.Results In the elderly AMI group, female, hypertension and no-flow phenomena were more than those of the non-elderly AMI group, while smoking, TIMI-3 flow after the procedure and the proportion of stent implantation were less than those of the non-elderly AMI group. Compared with the non-elderly AMI group, in-hospital mortality (10.8% vs 0, P0.01) and composite terminal events (10.8% vs 1.1%, P0.01) were higher in the elderly AMI group, and no significant differences were observed in unstable angina, non-fatal reinfarction, non-fatal heart failure and ischemic target vessel revascularization between the two groups. During 6 months follow-up period, non-fatal heart failure (21.2% vs 4.3%, P0.01) and total mortality (16.2% vs 2.1%, P0.01) in the elderly AMI group were higher than those in the non-elderly AMI group, but there were no significant differences in unstable angina, non-fatal reinfarction and ischemic target vessel revascularization in the two groups (P0.05).Conclusion The emergency PCI in the elderly AMI is effective, but not as good as that in the non-elderly AMI.


The field investigation of anthropology,documentary analysis,field archaeology method as well as dictation method are used to review and investigate the historical context and the current situation of the traditional weaving workmanship in Wei County of Hebei province,and analyze its development and progress.A conclusion has been made that the current achievements made in the traditional weaving workmanship in Wei County of Hebei province is attributed to great importance attached by the government,active involvement of the academia,substantial support from the media and inheritors' dedication.With the impact of industrial modernization,natural and cultural environment which traditional weaving workmanship relies on for survival is gradually turning narrower.It is therefore a tough struggle for us to preserve and inherit the traditional weaving handcraft.


Research purposes: Subsidence in karst area is an unfavourably geologic problem that has been occurred frequently over 20 years.The natural characteristics of karst and fixed factors of geology are focused in overall assets to main causes for subsidence stipulated in Regulation of Unfavourable Geologic Survery for Railway Engineering,but the most active and actual factors influencing water environment by the production activities of human are less focused.Therefore,zoning unstable zone is loose under personal object factors and makes construction cost rising.The purposes of this paper are to rationally zone disease working site in design so as to control construction cost effectively.Research methods:The analysis and research were made on the mechanism and cause for subsidence,especially the cause for submarine erosion.It required paying attention to the important effects of personal factor on subsidence.Research results:It is believed through research that the most recent subsidence are the outcomes related to personal factor in the same period,at least a synchronic outcome,except a few of them are the outcomes of geologic age and historic period.There is less subsidence without man-made action.The author beliveves the engineering geology shall be divided into stable zone,relative stable zone,unstable zone and subsidence zone according to personal factor and natural factor of geology.The treatment shall be carried out to them pointedly and focally according to their stability and disaster level.Research conclusions:Based on study and discussion,it is believed Railway Survey Regulation will be supplemented and improved in order to avoid phenomena of dismissing unfavourable geology or broadening the scope of unfavourable geology.


PURPOSE: A structure for combining a shaft with a rotor and a bearing is provided to firmly combine the shaft with the rotor by forcedly fitting the rotor to a rotor combination part of the shaft. CONSTITUTION: A shaft(100) is combined with a rotor(200) and a bearing(300). The rotor is forcedly fitted to a rotor combination part of the shaft. The rotor combination part is composed of a plurality of protrusion parts(111) and depression parts. Bearings are inserted into the outer surface of the shaft to be arranged on both sides of the rotor. An inner race(310) of the bearing is contacted with the side of the protrusion part. An annular recess part(120) is formed in the shaft to cut the end of a combination part(110). The combination part is formed with a stripe shape.


Discusses the 1871 recruitment drive in England to encourage more agricultural labourers to immigrate to NZ, and the importance of the English 'Revolt of the Field' in increasing numbers of immigrants. Describes the success of the National Agricultural Labourers Union headed by Arch, and looks at the conditions for the labourers prior to the 1870s and the reasons for the revolt. Compares the NZ immigration effort and the union movement and describes their relationship. Examines the settlement of New Plymouth and the efforts of Burton as Immigration Agent in England to encourage immigrants to Taranaki.


Abstract : The computerized Quick-Reacting General War Gaming System (QUICK) will accept input data, automatically generate global strategic nuclear war plans, provide statistical output summaries, and produce input tapes to simulator subsystems external to QUICK. The Program Maintenance Manual consists of four volumes which facilitate maintenance of the war gaming system. This volume, Volume I, provides the programmer/analyst with a technical description of the purpose, functions, general procedures, and programming techniques applicable to the modules and subroutines of the Data Management Subsystem. The Program Maintenance Manual complements the other QUICK Computer Manuals to facilitate application of the war gaming system.


Marketing any business product is essential to do. In today's technological era, the most effective marketing is digital means, especially social networks, which are phenomenal in many circles. This study will try to identify the marketing strategy of MSME products through social networks. We searched electronically for data on literature sources, especially online marketing strategies. The data we found by searching digitally on much literature in the form of books, journal publications, and other sources. We analyzed the data with a phenomenological approach. Computational data analysis involves a comprehensive data coding system, in-depth evaluation, and interpretation to find comprehensive and valid answers. After discussing these findings, we conclude that social networks offer many marketing options through various social media platforms. MSME products can be promoted with very cheap or even free payment systems. The several strategies that we have summarized, among others, by creating a marketing blog, communicating merchandise, establishing relationships, and designing exciting content. Thus, this finding is beneficial for business, academics, and policymakers.


Analysis of information system electronic car navigation map algorithm,the navigation system for EVNS electronic map creation,and the realization of these functions on the digital map database of the basic requirements and algorithms to achieve these functions and the establishment of digital map databases.Information to vehicle navigation systems and navigation electronic map database as a key study.Analysis of navigation electronic map information system design and navigation electronic map data organizations.


Abstract: H. A. Murena wrote seven novels; the last one presents both a difficult challenge to the reader and a tempting place to interpreting and finding different senses to the critic. It is very important to research Filosofia taking into account the whole work of Murena as the same opus with the same direction. We will observe that following the first frankfurter's philosophers the author insists on the promise, calling from the margins (from the metaphor) to believe in that direction, that sense.


OBJECTIVES We sought to determine to what extent systemic arterial compliance (SAC) might impact on afterload and left ventricular (LV) function in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). BACKGROUND Although AS and reduced SAC may often coexist in the same patient, their relative impact on LV function is not well understood. METHODS Systemic arterial compliance was calculated as the ratio of stroke volume index to arterial pulse pressure in 208 patients with at least moderate AS. As a measure of global afterload, we calculated the valvulo-arterial impedance (Zva), which theoretically accounts for the effects of both AS and SAC. RESULTS Patients were divided into four groups: group 1, moderate AS and normal SAC (n 77; 37%); group 2, moderate AS and low SAC (n 50; 24%); group 3, severe AS and normal SAC (n 45; 22%); and group 4, severe AS and low SAC (n 36; 17%). The prevalences of LV diastolic and systolic dysfunction were 60% and 6% in group 1, 86% and 12% in group 2, 82% and 16% in group 3, and 94% and 31% in group 4. In multivariate analysis excluding Zva, energy loss index and SAC were both independent predictors of LV dysfunction, but when Zva was entered into the analyses, it became the only hemodynamic variable to be independently associated with LV dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Reduced SAC is a frequent occurrence in elderly patients with AS, where it independently contributes to increased afterload and decreased LV function. Systemic arterial compliance should be taken into consideration when evaluating these patients with regard to diagnosis and treatment. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:291–8) © 2005 by the American College of ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.081


A method for fast time-domain simulation of piecewise-linear networks with switches is described in this paper. The method is based on a discrete-time switch model that consists of a constant conductance in parallel with a current source. In each simulation step, the value of the current source is updated as a function of known network signals. The function takes one of two forms, depending on the state (on or off) of the switch. Since the system matrix is constant, regardless of the states of the switches, simulation time is essentially the same as for a linear, time-invariant network of the same complexity. The paper discusses selection of the model and simulation parameters. The simulation algorithm is described and an example is included. It is shown that the method is not only efficient but also quite general and void of convergence problems. Its primary application is for long-term transient simulation of power electronic systems such as switching power converters. >


(57) Abstract: The present invention, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd , about group B streptogramin derivative of general formula R It said derivatives are combined with at least one group A streptogramin derivative, optionally, are particularly useful as antimicrobial agents.


Yao nationality,residing in southern China,is a nationality with long history and brilliant culture.The article,by observing the village regulations and non-governmental agreements of Yao people living in Liuxiang Town,Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,finds out that Yao nationality's village regulations and non-governmental agreements,which are greatly affected by its indigenous customary law,are mostly in common with state statutes.However,there are contradictions and conflicts between them.We must coordinate Yao nationality's village regulations and non-governmental agreements with state statutes.


In the field of cardiovascular disease diagnostics and cardiovascular surgeries, efficient and accurate blood flow simulation is becoming an important supplementing tool in increasing diagnosis and surgery success rates.
We implemented a complete solution for simulating the blood flow in a provided blood vessel model and visualizing the results in a variety of ways, providing informative display of simulated quantities and capable of real-time interaction. We exposed this functionality through a web-based application that does not require any local installations and communicates with a server performing the computationally intensive tasks. It is practical enough to enable fast workflow iterations and can be used by anyone without additional documentation because of its intuitive user interface. We also addressed the problem of data transfer from back-end to client front-end by developing a compression method to minimize the result file size specifically intended for visualization purposes, which was able to achieve good compression ratios and enabled efficient storage of large simulation results.


In the late 1980s, bomb 14C was present in suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) from the North Central Pacific (NCP) and Sargasso Sea (SS) throughout most of the water column, demonstrating that deep POC had exchanged with atmospheric CO2 in the past 30 years. Upon reoccupation of these sites in 1999 and 2000, respectively, we observed that the δ13C values of suspended POC were lower than those measured a decade earlier. This demonstrates that anthropogenic CO2 from fossil fuel and biomass burning has penetrated a major organic matter pool in the deep ocean. Δ14C measured in the suspended POC showed similar or higher values in the deep Sargasso Sea and decreased values in the deep NCP compared to those measured previously. We use a box model to show that the differences in the radiocarbon results are likely due to the presence of resuspended sediment that is laterally advected from the continental margin to the deep Sargasso Sea.


Low-energy electrons generated in a corona-discharge reactor are captured by electronegative impurities, producing negative ions. The ions migrate in the electric field to the anode (reactor wall) and are removed at the wall. The effects of the reactor structure, namely, the cathode diameter, the anode (reactor) shape and the number of cathodes on the removal efficiency with respect to three dilute gaseous pollutants, methyl iodide, chlorofluorocarbon and acetaldehyde, are investigated experimentally. The results reveal that the thicker the cathode diameter, the higher the removal efficiency. In contrast, the smaller the reactor diameter among three equivolume reactors, the higher the removal efficiency. As for the number of cathodes in a single reactor vessel, the single-cathode reactor exhibits higher removal efficiency than the 5-cathode one.


In this dissertation based on empirical studies conducted by the author and reprinted as a series of articles in the text, Kuure studies the development of different types of bilingualism. The primary purpose of the studies is to determine the significance of age in the acquisition of a second language. Evidence is also provided for describing the acquisition and use of languages in various multicultural and multilingual settings. Data for the studies were obtained from Finnish-Swedish bilingual students between the ages of 13 and 15 for whom Swedish was the second language.


Bidirectional power conversion plays an important role in sustainable energy generation systems, where dual-active-bridge (DAB) is a highly promising topology. However, DAB converters with traditional dual-phase-shift (DPS) can produce DC bias and hard switching during transients. In this paper, an optimized DPS control strategy for DAB is introduced which can eliminate the transient DC bias well, and can be used to maintain soft switching in the transient state. Plenty of experiments are carried out by establishing a DAB prototype. These experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed DPS control strategy.


The use of constructed wetlands (CW) has been recognized globally as a form of nature-based solution (NBS) for water treatment technology. Aside from water detention, CW can also trap heavily-polluted sediments from the influent. This study mainly focused on the characterization of pollutants found in the sediments of two constructed wetlands treating runoff from different types of land uses. Combined sediment and water quality analyses were also conducted to determine the interrelationship between the two components of the CW. Experimental results showed that TN, TP, and COD concentrations from livestock CW sediments are higher as compared to agricultural CW due to the contributions of animal manure. It was also noted that pollutant-rich sediments were already removed in the settling basin, thus reducing the pollutant concentration of the sediments found on the succeeding cells in the CW. Finally, the interrelationship between water and sediment quality were impacted by mechanisms such as agitation and equilibration. The findings of this study can provide significant knowledge in understanding the mechanisms that can potentially affect the treatment efficiency of a CW. Additionally, effective maintenance methods and schedules can be devised following the identification of factors governing the treatment processes within the CW.


This paper examines the beliefs, knowledge and practice of specialist teachers who teach the English Language to dyslexic learners in Singapore. It explores the pedagogical bases of teachers' work in grammar teaching and investigates the extent to which personal beliefs and knowledge have informed instructional practices. The results reveal weaknesses in the teachers' language awareness and a lack of grammatical knowledge, which have negatively impacted their effectiveness as teachers of dyslexic learners. There is a call to provide teachers the knowledge on language teaching in teacher development programmes and to develop a common belief system on pedagogical practice amongst them.


Consider a situation where one desires to retrieve sensor data from an arbitrary environment via a moving interrogator. Maintenance of street lights and electric apparatus in conduits for example. The fundamental problems with this system have been 1)the trade-off relation between power consumption by sensor and the data retrieval rate for the interrogator, and 2)the data retrieval agility for the moving interrogator. A higher duty ratio incurs more power consumption in sensors whereas a lower duty ratio leads to a less reliable retrieval rate. Even though there have been such efforts as" adaptive sleep period control "which was derived from the packet arrival rate, they didn't systemically solve the problem, particularly for moving-interrogator environment. This paper presents a solution of separating the timing of sensor-sampling and the timing of sensor-data retrieval. The asynchronous data retrieval mechanism is facilitated by a dual interfaced UHF passive RF tag known as a "recorder tag" which the authors have been developing. This paper examines the power consumption composition of a prototype recorder tag. The power consumption efficiency of the proposed data-retrieval method is discussed in comparison with that of the existing method in terms of "Sensor Sampling Interval vs. Battery Life Expectancy." The authors also evaluated the viability of retrieving sensor data through a moving-interrogator. We specifically inspected the relationship of "Interrogator's Moving Speed vs Successful Data Retrieval Rate." The tests showed that with a commercial 1.2V rechargeable battery, the recorder tag lasts for 21 days forluminance and temperature sensing using a 30 minute samplinginterval, extending the traditional battery lifespan ten times longer, yet still preserving 100% time availability for sensor data retrieval. The power consumption is expected to be eight times as efficient when using optimized circuitry. Experiments in an emulated fading environment reveal that the data retrieval rate is observed to be the highest when the maximum relative speed between the moving-interrogator and the recorder tag is less than 3km/h, with an optimized distance of separation being 10cm for a 27dBm EIRP interrogator. The moving speed, 3km/h, can be improved by optimizing the anti-collision procedure and by enhancing the sensitivity of the recorder tag.


The author describes three interconnected investigations focused on the development and psychometric evaluation of the Perceived Impact of Life Event Scale (PILES), a measure developed using a gain/loss framework for assessing the multidimensional impact of single life events. In Study 1 (N = 160), the author describes the item generation process and results of a pilot study. In Study 2 (N = 244), exploratory factor analysis suggested a 29-item scale with the four following gain/loss factors: existential, discretionary time, romantic relationship/sexual, and career and employment. In Study 3 (N = 244), confirmatory factor analysis indicated a three-factor model (26-item scale), and findings suggested convergent validity of the measure.


In anoestrous bitches, the use of 5 or 10 days of daily PMSG treatments (20 i.u./kg/day) before a single injection of hCG (500 i.u./dog) did not affect the timing of induced pro-oestrus (4-6 days) but did result in a greater incidence of conception (3 of 6 vs 6 of 17), a high rate of successful pregnancy (50% vs 0%), lower preovulatory oestrogen concentrations, and reduced incidence of complications due to hyper-oestrogenism such as thrombocytopenia (0% vs 29%). These results suggest an advantage of 5 over 10 days of priming with PMSG, at the doses used before hCG injection, for induction of fertile oestrus in bitches.


Philip Kotler (M.A., University of Chicago; Ph.D., MIT) is the S. C. Johnson Distinguished Professor of International Marketing at the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University. He has published the 13th edition of Marketing Management, the world's leading textbook on teaching marketing to MBAs. He has also published Strategic Marketing for Nonprofit Organizations, Social Marketing, Corporate Social Responsibility, Marketing in the Public Sector, and 30 other books. His research covers social marketing, strategic marketing, innovation, services marketing, and Internet marketing. He has received 12 honorary doctorate degrees from major universities in the U.S. and abroad.


Visual reasoning is a challenging but important task that is gaining momentum. Examples include reasoning about what will happen next in film, or interpreting what actions an image advertisement prompts. Both tasks are "puzzles" which invite the viewer to combine knowledge from prior experience, to find the answer. Intuitively, providing external knowledge to a model should be helpful, but it does not necessarily result in improved reasoning ability. An algorithm can learn to find answers to the prediction task yet not perform generalizable reasoning. In other words, models can leverage "shortcuts" between inputs and desired outputs, to bypass the need for reasoning. We develop a technique to effectively incorporate external knowledge, in a way that is both interpretable, and boosts the contribution of external knowledge for multiple complementary metrics. In particular, we mask evidence in the image and in retrieved external knowledge. We show this masking successfully focuses the method's attention on patterns that generalize. To properly understand how our method utilizes external knowledge, we propose a novel side evaluation task. We find that with our masking technique, the model can learn to select useful knowledge pieces to rely on.1


We apply the algorithm published by Liang et al. to describe the Double Pulsar system J0737–3039 and extract the sense of rotation of the first born recycled pulsar PSR J0737–3039A. We find that this pulsar is rotating prograde in its orbit. This is the first direct measurement of the sense of rotation of a pulsar with respect to its orbit and a direct confirmation of the rotating lighthouse model for pulsars. This result confirms that the spin angular momentum vector is closely aligned with the orbital angular momentum, suggesting that the kick of the supernova producing the second born pulsar J0737–3039B was small.


: Detection of depression through messages sent by a user on social media can be a complex task due to the popularity and trends in them. In recent years, messages and social media has ended up being a very close representation of a person's life and his mental state. This is a huge stockpile of data about a person's behaviour and can be used for detection of various mental illnesses (depression in our case) using Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning. This project is about constructing a deep learning model using NLP to predict such mental disorders.


Studies in the residential self-selection literature, which use attitudinal factors to model the jointness of residential and travel-related choices, assume a unidirectional impact from attitudes to behavior; however, such an assumption may be violated under several circumstances. In this current study, we allow the error terms of the attitudinal factors to be correlated with the main outcomes as we jointly model residential choice, auto-ownership level, and rank-based modal preferences. In our joint model, we use green lifestyle propensity and luxury lifestyle propensity as the two stochastic latent constructs. The empirical data for this study is drawn from the 2019 multi-city Transformative Technologies in Transportation survey for the city of Austin that elicited information with respect to individuals' residential location, auto-ownership, and modal preferences through a stated preference experiment in a futuristic autonomous vehicle environment. Results indicate significant unobserved correlations between the latent constructs and the main outcomes; ignoring such endogeneity leads to underestimations of the "true" causal effect of high-density neighborhood (HDN) living on travel-related choices, which can have consequences for policy-making. In our analysis, the "true" causal effect of HDN living on auto-ownership suggests that, on average, the auto-ownership level would reduce by about 29% when an individual is shifted from a non-HDN to a HDN. Furthermore, the probability of using the bicycle mode for non-work pursuits is estimated to increase by 8%, and that of using a private vehicle is estimated to decrease by 3.1%, when individuals are moved from a non-HDN to a HDN.


Dora Tang studied chemistry and then completed her PhD in membrane physics at Imperial College London, UK, under the supervision of John Seddon and Richard Templer. She then received Knowledge Transfer Secondment funding from Imperial College and worked for a year at Diamond Light Source, Oxfordshire, the UK's national synchrotron science facility. In 2011, Dora joined the lab of Stephen Mann at the University of Bristol, where she worked in the areas of the origin of life and bottom-up synthetic biology. Her research there included developing a hybrid protocell model based on the self-assembly of fatty acid membrane on coacervate microdroplets, as well as showing that coacervates support cell-free gene expression and building communication networks between two different populations of synthetic cells. In 2016, she started her own group at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG) in Dresden, Germany, as part of the MaxSynBio consortium. Her research aims to understand the chemical and physical processes that drive molecular organisation in lipids, polymers and proteins in order to rationally control their self-assembly and understand how molecular ensembles make life.


Nowdays, with the high development of urbanization and industrialization, people's living standard has been improved, but a series of environment questions also appear and become a serious threat to humanity's health and the survival. The construction of human settlement becomes gradually a focal point and one of key domains which the academic circles pays attention to. The author takes 13 cities of Anhui province as cases to estimate the human settlement environment by applying methods of principal factor analysis and cluster analysis. System is established for assessment of human settlement environment. After analysis, divides 13 cities into four types, and proposes some counter measures accordingly.


The molecular targets of the vast majority of autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are unknown. Using a baculovirus-insect cell expression system to create an advanced protein microarray with improved protein folding and epitope conservation, we assayed sera from 277 SLE individuals and 280 age, gender and ethnicity matched controls. Here, we identified 103 novel autoantigens in SLE sera and show that SLE autoantigens are distinctly clustered into four functionally related groups. The original SLE autoantigens Ro60, La, and SMN1/Sm complex formed the first distinct antigen cluster (SLE1a). A further set of antigens (SLE1b) extended this group with other proteins involved in RNA, DNA and chromatin processing. The largest two subgroups of novel autoantigens involved interconnected genes involved in receptor-regulated SMAD signalling (SLE2) and toll-like receptor pathways and lymphocyte development (SLE3). SLE individuals clustered into four subgroups matching the four functional clusters of autoantigens, which suggests that autoantibody profiles of SLE patients identify subgroups with different underlying pathogenic immune mechanisms. The microarray revealed a significant number of ethnicity-sensitive autoantibodies in keeping with the strong influence of ethnicity on SLE prevalence, severity and organ involvement. Multiple recent failures of new SLE therapies in clinical trials demonstrates that there is a need for improved classification of SLE and related connective tissue diseases. The novel autoantibody clusters identified in this study represent a major advance in SLE diagnostics, and enable identification of new subgroups of SLE, each of which may require different therapeutic strategies.


The Human Sciences Program, being developed by the Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) with the support of the National Science Foundation, is a three-year science curriculum designed specifically for the emerging adolescent (ages 11 to 15 years). Physiologically, psychologically, and socially this age group is in transition from childhood to adolescence. The diversity among these students in physical, cognitive, social, and affective development exceeds that of other age groups. The junior high, middle, and intermediate schools were organized to isolate and deal with the special educational needs of the preadolescent. It is not easy to teach science in classes with such a wide range in student abilities, achievement, interests, and talents. Teachers report difficulty in finding appropriate science materials that are flexible enough and that have the motivating qualities demanded for this age group. The typical science textbook, by its nature and organization, is based on assumptions that all students of the same grade level are quite alike, learn equally well from identical materials, and have similar interests. However, results from research on learning, developmental studies of children, and teacher experience do not support these assumptions. The developers of the Human Sciences Program (HSP) seek to design a science curriculum for emerging adolescents that is likely to arouse an enthusiasm for science, that reinforces basic skills of communication, and that has some degree of meaning for each student. It was obvious to the BSCS staff


It's a common phenomenon to communicate with people by words in the society.Because of the limitations of itself,code mode can't reveal the nature of discourse communication fully.The context in discourse communication is dynamic and mutually ostensive.The understanding of discourse is a chain of procedures composed of decoding,ostentation and inference.Any error in the chain will lead to irrelevant discourse.The dynamic cognitive context of the relevance theory plays an important instructive role in communication,thus enabling the language users to use language more appropriate and efficient.


According to intracavity double frequency crystal customarily working-state analysis,KTP crystal under non-central-axis radiation interior precise temperature field is first obtained by analytical analysis method,and relevant parameters,affecting crystal interior temperature field are analyzed.This research will be theoretically established for effectively resolve thermal effect problem in the laser system.


Substances that inhibit the coagulation of blood have been found in several species of nematodes (Loeb and Smith, 1904, 1904a; Loeb & Fleisher, 1910; Weinberg, 1907; Schwartz, 1921; Hoeppli and Feng, 1933). Loeb and coworkers determined that extracts of Ancylostoma caninum in physiological saline inhibit the coagulation of dog's blood in vitro for periods which vary with different samples of blood, the maximum delay in coagulation observed being about 24 hours. This study was undertaken to determine the mechanism of this inhibition of coagulation and to determine the effect that immune serum would have on the inhibition.


This question is, I feel, in the same kind of idiot category as how long is a piece of string? interviewed recently by a journalist planning to write an article about the women (like me) who conduct 'Auntie' columns in women's magazines, I was asked what proportion of the letters I received each week could be labelled trivial. Her eyebrows shot up when I said that in my view, no human problem was trivial?even the recurring one of the teenage girl who begs for advice about how to rekindle interest in her boy friend who has neglected for a whole week to ring her up. Of course, there are degrees of misery, but no human misery, I feel, can be shrugged off on the grounds of apparent triviality. The interesting question of the degrees of triviality caused me to become embroiled, a few months ago, with the angry wife of a doctor?a general practitioner in Essex. And the coldly furious correspondence resulted in the publication of one of my letters in The Lancet, which in turn involved me in further hot argument about triviality. The doctor's wife accused me of telling troubled readers to take what she described as 'trivial prob-lems' to their family doctor. "Do you really think,' wrote the aggressive lady (who described herself as horrified and even disgusted), 'that a doctor should be involved in petty domestic quarrels?' Furthermore, she pointed out, general practitioners are already overloaded with work and one of the reasons their surgeries are overcrowded is because of the gratuitous advice given to the public by people like me with no medical training. She stated that it is very difficult for people who are genuinely ill to get their doctors to treat them, on account of how the doctors are so busy dealing with what she described as 'minor emotional upsets'. The fact is that a large number of the people who write to me?a newspaper columnist and a stranger ?are middle-aged or elderly neurotics who would, in my view, never have reached the stage where they needed help from a stranger if they could have taken their 'petty domestic problems' and 'minor emotional upsets' to a doctor who would listen to them with sympathy and understanding. In the few years I have been running my advice column in a woman's magazine, I estimate that I have received something like a quarter of a …


Transcription factor Snail1 is a key inducer of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), a biological process implicated in the cancer progression and metastasis. The aim of the study was to investigate Snail1 expression in DCIS found on breast biopsy and assess its predictive value for the final invasion.


This paper describes a new full-scale testing apparatus for conducting performance evaluations of full-scale building envelope systems. The simulator can generate spatially uniform, time-varying pressure conditions associated with Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale Category 5 winds while compensating for large air leakage through the specimen and also operate a high-speed wind tunnel, both with dynamic control. This paper presents system details, operating characteristics, and an early case study on the performance of large sectional door systems under wind pressure loading. Failure mechanisms are discussed, and finite element modeling is validated for two specimens. It demonstrates successful dynamic load control for large component and cladding systems, as well as simulation of flows near the building surface. These capabilities serve to complement other full-scale wind tunnel facilities by offering tools to generate ultimate load conditions on portions of the building. Further, the paper successfully demonstrates the utility of combining physical testing and computational analysis as a matter of routine, which underscores the potential of evolving full-scale testing to encompass cyber-physical approaches.


Background: External volume expansion promotes angiogenesis in tissues by inducing a subcritical hypoxia, mechanically stimulating endothelia, and creating mild inflammation. Application of external volume expansion to less-vascularized tissues with endothelial cell dysfunction poses a risk for ineffectiveness or ischemic damage. The authors investigated the effects of external volume expansion on a murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus and tested whether the adoption of microdeformational interfaces optimizes its angiogenic properties while limiting complications to tissues. Methods: Adult diabetic mice received stimulation with external volume expansion on their dorsal skin using a standard cup-shaped silicone interface, a polyurethane foam-shaped interface, or a silicone microarray chamber interface; controls received no treatment. Skin damage was assessed visually on the last day of stimulation and 5 days later. At 5-day follow-up, skin specimens (n = 5 per group) were procured and analyzed by histology to assess angiogenesis, adipose tissue and skin remodeling, and inflammation. Results: All treatments significantly increased the density of blood vessels in skin compared to controls; the polyurethane foam-shaped interface showed the most robust effect (+80 percent). No relevant complications were observed using a polyurethane foam-shaped interface or silicone microarray chamber interface, but a cup-shaped silicone interface led to substantial skin damage and caused intense inflammation, fibrosis of the subcutaneous tissue, and dermal remodeling. Conclusion: The adoption of external volume expansion with microdeformational interfaces allows the effective and safe preconditioning of tissues with endothelial cell dysfunction and could improve outcomes in diabetic patients at high risk for surgical complications.


Purpose: Family caregiving is vital to the health of persons with schizophrenia and without this support, many individuals would struggle to maintain their community tenure. While there is an abundance of literature that explores family caregiving in mental illness generally, less is known about the experiences of family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. Furthermore, the primary caregiver for a person with schizophrenia tends to be a parent, and parent caregivers' experiences differ from those of other types of family caregivers, such as spouses and children. Often, the experiences of parents' caregiving for a person with schizophrenia are intermixed with the experiences of other types of family caregivers, which might minimize or distort their particular subjective realities. The purpose of this Thesis is to explore the experiences of parent caregivers of adult children with schizophrenia (ACWS) through a synthesis of existing literature and interviews with parent caregivers. Objectives: There were two objectives: 1) to review existing literature on the experiences of parent caregivers of adult children with schizophrenia and 2) to explore the experiences of parent caregivers of adult children with schizophrenia in a large urban Canadian city. Methods: This was a two-phase study using an emergent design. Phase one was an evidence synthesis of qualitative research on the experiences of parent caregivers of adult children with schizophrenia, modeled on the Joanna Briggs Methodology for qualitative systematic reviews. The review was conducted in accordance with the ENTREQ statement and all standard procedures were followed for citation screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal. Five Exploring the Experiences of Parent Caregivers in Schizophrenia iii studies were included from four countries (2009 – 2016). Phase two was an Interpretive Description qualitative study using interviews to explore parent experiences of caring for adult children with schizophrenia. Twelve parents (eight mothers and four fathers) completed interviews. In both phases of research, conventional content analysis was used to analyze data. Findings: Findings from the qualitative evidence synthesis revealed that parent caregivers of ACWS experience psychological distress, losses related to self and to child, and significant consequences for their families. Importantly, parent caregivers frame their experiences in positive and meaningful ways, which help them cope with their role. Parent caregivers included in the qualitative study described experiences of uncertainty and change related to their child's schizophrenia and subsequently the actions they needed to take that were counter to their expected parent role. These parents further described the negative and positive effects of caregiving on their own lives. Finally, when comparing the findings of both phases of research, there were two cross-cutting considerations. First, parents have difficulty using and understanding the resources available in the mental health care system. Second, parents experience distress in their caregiver roles, and this distress is often induced or worsened as a result of barriers to treatment for their ACWS. Conclusion: Parent caregivers for persons with schizophrenia experience tremendous difficulty navigating the health care system. These challenges compound the psychological distress they already experience, by virtue of their role. Often, these parents prioritize their caregiving responsibilities above their own health and well-being. Health care providers must understand, acknowledge, and address parent caregivers' needs, advocate for a less fragmented mental health care system, and support parent caregivers to be empowered and satisfied in their role.


The utility model discloses a 3D multi-functional vision training instrument. The 3D multi-functional vision training instrument comprises a host machine, a display and training lenses, wherein USB (Universal Serial Bus) interfaces are arranged on the host machine, and the host machine comprises a player and a game operating handle; a 3D liquid crystal display is used as the display, and the display is communicated and connected with the host machine; the training lenses are matched with the display; and the training lenses are any of an A combination or a B combination, wherein the A combination is a combination of a convex lens, a prism, a red lens and a blue lens, and the B combination is a combination of a convex lens, a prism and a polarized lens.


In the late Qing Dynasty, people had a further recognition about the lawful nature of corporation enterprises. They exposed the disadvantages of the management organs and the supervision mechanism of the stock-enterprises in the Westernization Movement, and required that corporation enterprises should regulate the inner operation through the law. The Law of Company worked out at the end of the Qing Dynasty to a certain degree suited to the development of corporation enterprises and offered the basic frame of law system for the cooperation activities. Henceforth, people made new exploration about enterprise management and supervision in practice and theory.


The optimal treatment for autoimmune type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM) is endogenous regeneration of the pancreatic β-cell. This can be achieved either by transplanting mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from the bone marrow or injecting platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Current research reviewed a TIDM model and compared the effect of BMSCs on exocrine and endocrine pancreas portions versus PRP. Ratsdivided into four groups: Control group, Diabetic group (single STZ dose 60 mg / kg I.P), Diabetic + PRP group (PRP, 0.5 ml/kg SC twice weekly/4 weeks given to diabetic rats) and Diabetic + BMSCs group (1 ml of PKH26 labeled MSCs suspension in BPS (3x106 cells/ml) IV to diabetic rats. Glucose, amylase and lipase levels were calculated and pancreases were designed for light, electron microscopic, immunohistochemistry, morphometry and statistical analysis. Diabetic rats exhibited elevated glucose, decreased amylase and lipase compared to control rats. In addition, variable histological degenerative changes in the form of congested blood vessels have been identified with a significant increase in the mean area percentage of collagen, a significant decrease in the diameter of the islets, the number of islet cells in Langerhans and the number of zymogen granules. Ultrastructural findings exhibited distorted Golgi, degenerated mitochondria, pyknotic nuclei, and few secretory B-cell granules. Administration of BMSCs to diabetic group significantly increased the number of cells and diameter of Langerhans islets and the number of zymogen granules compared to Diabetic group as well as Diabetic + PRP group. BMSCs could be considered more efficient than PRP in the treatment of type I diabetes.


Purpose: There has been hypothesised that central vision and peripheral myopization after myopic overnight orthokeratology might suffer variations with changes  in pupil diameter. The aim of this work was to evaluate the axial and peripheral refraction and optical quality after orthokeratology using ray tracing software for different pupil sizes. Methods: Zemax‐EE was used to generate a series of 30 semi‐customized model eyes. Refraction  in the central 80o of the visual field was objectively calculated using three different  quality metrics  criteria:  Paraxial  curvature matching, minimum  Root Mean Square error (minRMS) and the Trough Focus Visual Strehl of the MTF (VSMTF), for 3 and 6 mm pupil diameters. Computed  retinal  images were  subjectively evaluated by three well corrected subjects. Results:  The  tree  metrics  predicted  significant  different  values  for  foveal  and peripheral  refractions.  Compared  with  the  Paraxial  criteria,  the  other  two metrics predicted more myopic refractions.  Interestingly, the VSMTF predicts only a marginal myopic  shift  in  the  axial  refraction  as  the  pupil  changes  from  3  to  6 mm.  As  for peripheral refraction, all the three metrics predict a more myopic peripheral refraction in the temporal visual field (nasal retina) compared to the nasal visual field, regardless of  pupil  size.  According  to  our  observers  the  Paraxial  metric  shows  the  worst performance for a 3 m pupil. As for the 6 mm pupil, the VSMTF clearly outperforms the Paraxial metric, with the minRMS yielding by far the worst image quality. Conclusions:  The present  results  show  that wavefront  refraction predicts  significant differences  in  the  peripheral  refraction  pattern  depending  on  the  quality  metric criteria used. Nevertheless, results suggest that the supposed effect of myopic control produced  by  ortho‐k  treatments might  be  dependent  of  pupil  size.  The  results  for foveal vision obtained using the VSMTF criteria are more consistent with the reports of fluctuations in visual quality by of ortho‐k patients under different light conditions.


This paper intensively analyses implication composed by context factors and the close relation- ship between them.This paper holds context can be separated by semantic context and pragmatic context.Prag- matic context made by coral context,accompaniment context and cognitive context.And author cited a lot of in- stances to explain that the expression and understanding of implication depends on pragmatic context.


The theoretical study of objects of taking a bribe has been highly valued in criminal law circles both at home and abroad. However, to some extent, the result of such study in China is not very satisfactory. Given the variety of the situations connected with taking bribes in the real world, the author determines that emphasis should be put on the "honesty of public officials and their duties, and the society's reliability upon the officials and their functions."


We consider multiuser Gaussian broadcast channels with multiple antennas at both transmitter and receivers. An iterative multiple beamforming algorithm is proposed, which is flexible in the antenna configuration and performs well in low to moderate data rates. Its capacity and bit error rate performance are compared with the ones achieved by the traditional zeroforcing method.


Institutional repository is an essential part functioning as a storage for keeping the collection of publication digitally. Del Institute of Technology (ITD) has its own collection of institutional publication but it does not have institutional repository. Before developing the application, it is essential that a feasibility study be conducted in order to ensure the development of ITD's application will run well. Feasibility study is conducted through first phase of knowledge management system life cycle and the model is IPB institutional repository. Based on the analysis of the feasibility of the ITD infrastructure percentages obtained in building institutional repository is 51.96%. The percentage is derived from the percentage of the value of the following eligibility is infrastructure (21.44%), human resources (14.33%), Budget (0%), Rules / SOP / SK (3,40%) and Content (12.79%). Based on the results of the study referred to the several things that need to be addressed in the effort to develop the institutional repository ITD and refer to the model repository development in IPB is to provide the infrastructure that is software as a tool for transferring media content repository, making decree team, create a SOP for digital documents and the handover of the scientific work of the academic community ITD. Keywords: F easibility S tudy, I nstitutional R epository, K nowledge M anagement S ystems


The invention discloses a method and apparatus for dispatching downlink resource. The method comprises that a base station determines an attributed sector of a terminal according to the energy of an uplink demodulation signal, received at various sectors, of the terminal, and allocates downlink power and downlink code track to the attributed sector for the terminal according to the attributed sector of the terminal. The method achieves an optimized determine strategy of the attributed sector of a mobile terminal and mixed dispatching of multiple sector power and code resource, increases the utilization efficiency of power resource and code resource, and effectively controls downlink spreading code interference. Therefore, sector transmission technology of OTSR is authentically provided with a commercial capability. In the case of three sector configuration of the OTSR, compared with an original OTSR cell, the downlink antenna mixed dispatching technology increases power utilization efficiency by more than 50 percent and code resource utilization efficiency by more than 100 percent.


There are obvious promoting actions to construction and development of cities in holding great sport events. Holding great sport events has become an important business card for cities to market relying upon their economic returns and social benefits. Great sport events also have overall promoting actions to mass sports,competitive sports and sports industry. For Fujian,the province should strongly and largely grow its brand sport events,to promote construction and development of cities,and to push the sustainable development of Fujian sports.


Grasping the fashion forecasting trend is of important significance for textile companies in making marketing strategy as well as product design and development plan.Based on fashion information transferring and regularity,a consumer's investigation has been finished in this paper to probe to the practical application of face fabric information in the fashion industry,and countermeasures about face fabric and fashion designer also provided.


Wheat occupies a prime position in supplementing the food security needs of India. Price forecast related to a food commodity is essential in executing policies which ensure market support. Keeping this in view, an attempt was made to forecast monthly wholesale wheat prices adopting ARIMA model in spatially separated markets of India using the historical data sourced from AGMARK price portal (July 2002-June 2018). Wheat prices exhibited a clearcut seasonality captured through monthly price indices. The prices were found to be highest during the crop season (November-March) as it is the production phase lacking market supply and lowest during post-harvest season (June- October) wherein supply surge is witnessed. The average seasonal price variation and intra-year price rise were found to be highest in Haryana, followed by Punjab. Forecasted prices estimated by fitting the ARIMA model were found to be higher for low or negligible wheat producing states such as Kerala and Karnataka, and lower for higher wheat producing states like Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Forecast performance the fitted models were further supported by using measures like RMSE, MAPE and MAE with 95% confidence interval. The study emphasized the need for effective dissemination of market information such as price forecast to farmers, agri-based industries and other concerned stakeholders which will help in decision making apart from tracking price volatility.


Sociological studies of complementary and alternative therapies have largely focused on the activities and experiences of lay practitioners and users. In contrast, this paper explores some of the ways that a group of medically qualified general practitioners employ homeopathic treatments in their everyday work within the NHS. We explore the ways in which homeopathic medicine accords with an expansive view of the consultation in general practice, and offers doctors a means of avoiding the iatrogenic effects of modern drug treatments. We also point to the ways that this involves practitioners in engaging with contests about the utility of treatments that are rejected by contemporary bioscience.


Rat model of cerebral ischemia with reperfusion injury was set up by occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries. The effect of Borneolum combined with Rhizoma Chuanxiong on the water volume of cerebral tissue, morphological feature and ultrastructure of the rat model was observed. The results showed that Borneolum combined with Rhizoma Chuanxiong decreased the cerebral water volume, reduced intercellular edema and neurocytic damage and protect cerebral ultrastructure from damage. It is indicated that the protective mechanism is related to the preservation of vascular endothelial cell function and intact basilemma, improvement of microcirculation and reduction of cerebral edema. The effect of Borneolum combined with Rhizoma Chuanxiong is superior to that of Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Borneolum used singly .


Embedded systems have a plethora of security solutions and encryption protocols that can protect them against a multitude of attacks. Hardware engineers infuse lot of time and effort in implementing cryptographic algorithms, keeping the analysis of design constraints into rumination. When it comes to designs in potential hostile environment, engineers face a challenge for building resistance-free embedded systems against attacks called side channel attacks. Therefore, there is a strong need to address issues related to side channel attacks. This chapter will provide an insight into the field of hardware security, and will provide a deep investigation of various types of side channel attacks and better understanding of various power analysis tools, which will further give researchers a vision to build efficient and secure systems in order to thwart attacks. This chapter mainly focuses on passive attacks as compared to active attacks since passive attacks are easy to perform and lot of research is going on these attacks.


BACKGROUND
Internet safety programs urge youth to avoid sharing personal information and talking with "strangers" online.

OBJECTIVE
To examine whether sharing personal information and talking with strangers online or other behaviors are associated with the greatest odds for online interpersonal victimization.

DESIGN
The Second Youth Internet Safety Survey was a cross-sectional random digit-dial telephone survey.

SETTING
United States.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 1500 youth aged 10 to 17 years who had used the Internet at least once a month for the previous 6 months.

MAIN EXPOSURE
Online behavior, including disclosure of personal information, aggressive behavior, talking with people met online, sexual behavior, and downloading images using file-sharing programs.

OUTCOME MEASURE
Online interpersonal victimization (ie, unwanted sexual solicitation or harassment).

RESULTS
Aggressive behavior in the form of making rude or nasty comments (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.3; P<.001) or frequently embarrassing others (AOR, 4.6; P = .003), meeting people in multiple ways (AOR, 3.4; P<.001), and talking about sex online with unknown people (AOR, 2.0; P = .02) were significantly related to online interpersonal victimization after adjusting for the total number of different types of online behaviors youth engaged in. Engaging in 4 types of online behaviors seemed to represent a tipping point of increased risk for online interpersonal victimization (OR, 11.3; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Talking with people known only online ("strangers") under some conditions is related to online interpersonal victimization, but sharing personal information is not. Engaging in a pattern of different kinds of online risky behaviors is more influential in explaining victimization than many specific behaviors alone. Pediatricians should help parents assess their child's online behaviors globally in addition to focusing on specific types of behaviors.


Barium hexaferrites BaFe12O19 with Bi2O3/CuO additives were synthesized by the conventional oxide ceramic process. The results manifest that Bi2O3 additives mainly concentrate on the grain boundary regions, while CuO additives could both enter into the grain and segregate at the grain boundary regions. The appropriate sintering temperature of barium hexaferrites with Bi2O3 and Bi2O3+ CuO additives reaches 1020 °C and 920 °C, respectively. As the amount of Bi2O3 is 3 wt%, the specimens of BaFe12O19 show saturation magnetization (Ms) of 346 kA/m, remanence (Mr) of 227 kA/m, and density (d) of 5.06 g/cm3. Meanwhile, the combination of 3 wt% Bi2O3 and 3 wt% CuO additives significantly promotes grain growth and sintering densification, with a high saturation magnetization of 371 kA/m and density of 5.23 g/cm3 for BaFe12O19, which are pretty close to the theoretical values (380 kA/m, 5.28 g/cm3). Moreover, the corresponding remanence could also rise by 10% compared with that in the sintered samples with 3 wt% Bi2O3.


This article examines the Penn State scandal, highlighting what has been lost to contemporary universities in the rise of nonacademic administration, the managed university, and the accompanying discourse of "excellence."


The input referred noise (IRN) of a VCO-based comparator is analysed in this brief. The analysis reveals the dependency of the IRN on four major design parameters quantitatively: the IRN is inversely proportional to the threshold set by the phase detector and to the transistor width, approximately inversely proportional to the square root of the number of inverters in each VCO ring, and parabolically depends on the overdrive voltage of the input transistors. Such dependency is validated by simulation and can serve as a design guideline when designing efficient high resolution VCO-based comparators.


2 Serup J. Punch biopsy of the skin; effect of temperature and local anaesthesia with ethyl chloride freezing. / Dermatol Surg Oncol 1983; 9:558-61. 3 Noble DA. Another hazard of pierced ears. Br Med I 1979; 1; 125. 4 La Freniere JG. Tennis elbow ; evaluation, treatment and prevention. Phijs Ther 1979; 59: 742-6. 5 Nielsen AJ. Precautions about ethyl chloride. Phys Ther 1980; 60; 474-5. 6 Aberer W. Zonzits E. Allergy to ethyl chloride does occur, and might frequently be misdiagnosed. Contact Dermatitis 1989; 21: 352-3. 7 Harry RG. In; Cosmeticology. 6th edn. London; Leonard Hill Books. 1973; 750-9. 8 Van Ketel WG. Allergic contact dermatitis from propellants in deodorant sprays in combination with allergy to ethyl chloride. Contact Dermatitis 1976; 2: 11 5-9. ADONIS 000709639100026M


This paper presents a new approach-Circle-Frequency filter (CF-filter) to detect airplanes in panchromatic remote-sensing images,in which both the shape and luminance features are used.First,the whole image is filtered by the CF-fiher.Since air-plane centers appear bright while background appears dimming,the points with higher outputs of CF-filtered"image"are selected as candidate points of airplane centers.Then,a region-growing clustering method is used to locate airplane centers from the candidates.8 panchromatic images of 1.0m~4.0m resolution,including 65 airplanes,are tested with this approach.59 airplanes are detected and 5 times are false alarmed.The experiments demonstrate that the presented approach using CF-filter is effective in airplane detection.


The design of dual-frequency circularly polarized microstrip antenna fed by a single probe is studied.Miniaturization is realized by using slots,and broadband covering by loading the antenna with a patch. The proposed antenna is simulated by HFSS and the results of VSWR,AR,radiation pattern and gain are given,which shows that the antenna design is effective and feasible.


To realize stable combustion in furnace,rapid oil injection was needed when the boiler combustion was instable in 2×600 MW unit and 4×360 MW unit in Huaneng Luohuang Power Plant.Thus,backup oil gun automatic control strategy was proposed,and the boiler protection control function was optimized.After this control strategy was put into service,the pressure in furnace sharply fluctuated to-295 Pa and 503 Pa due to the sudden coke collapse,under condition with load of 598MW and pressure of-26 Pa in No.5 unit.After a concussion,the pressure in furnace rapidly stabilized to about-39 MPa 32 seconds after the backup oil gun started automatically,effectively avoiding the unplanned shutdown of unit caused by the instable boiler combustion.


A 120 MILLION-YEAR-OLD fossil of one of Earth's first birds still has a chemical fingerprint of feather pigments that researchers have detected using X-ray spectroscopy. Because plumage is important for avian camouflage, communication, and sexual reproduction, the pigmentation patterns of these ancient animals provide biologists with important clues to avian evolution. Researchers led by Roy A. Wogelius at the University of Manchester detected traces of copper and zinc in a beautifully preserved fossil of Confuciusornis sanctus . Using several synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopies—including a fluorescencebased one that maps metals' spatial distributions and others that probe the identity and coordination environment of metals—researchers concluded that the copper and zinc were formerly part of a dark organometallic pigment found in the bird's quills . From this and other data, the team mapped the distribution of dark eumelanin pigment in the ancient bird's plumage ( Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.1205748)...


This thesis examines the form and function of insults, threats, and aggressive slapstick in the comedies of Aristophanes. It seeks to fill a gap in our understanding of Aristophanes' dramatic technique by considering how conflict between characters serves as a vehicle for humour.

I begin with a discussion of three different approaches to mimetic conflict. The first considers Aristotle's ideas on pity, the second looks at Bakhtin's theory of grotesque realism, the third compares slapstick and visual gags from early silent cinema.

My own approach is based on an analysis of Aristophanic language and staging. The body of the thesis is divided into three chapters, one dedicated to each of the conflict elements under investigation (insults, threats, slapstick). Technical discussions are combined with broader analyses of how conflict is integrated into the narratives of Aristophanes' plays and exploited for laughs. The chapter on insults includes a discussion of verbal abuse in situations of conflict, four case studies (Acharnians, Frogs, Peace, Clouds), and a glossary of Aristophanic insults. The chapter on threats looks at how these generate humour when they elicit unexpected reactions, or when characters make threats that are incommensurate with their situation. A formal analysis concludes the chapter, revealing differences between comic and tragic threat constructions. The chapter on slapstick considers Aristophanes' parabatic comments regarding visual humour, the role of aggressive choruses, and instances of physical contact between individual characters. It transpires that lasting and significant harm is never the outcome of physical attacks in Aristophanes. Gratuitous slapstick is also generally avoided; attacks are, rather, integrated into the story or employed in conjunction with puns and other jokes.


Discovering the success factors of an Agile team can prove important for teams that are not performing as well as they should. Combined with measurements for these
factors, organizations can pinpoint where problems exist and fix these problems in order to help their teams perform better. Previous research into the topic of Agile
success factors have examined factors in relation to Agile projects. However, what this work has not taken into account are what factors affect specifically the team,
and how these could possibly be measured. To find these success factors and measurements, a survey was performed. The results were then combined with factors
identified from previous literature. This was followed by a second survey, as well as four interviews where the participants ranked the identified factors. The final result
was a list of ranked success factors, where the factors most important to a teams success had the highest ranking. The results also introduced some new success factors
not previously discussed in literature. The results indicate that the majority of the most important factors relate to people and team spirit, with some factors related
to organizational as well as technical factors. The factor deemed most important was "Good communication and collaboration within the team". Compared to previous
research, the findings in this report indicate an importance of team spirit, team environment and team capability as opposed to previous literature which advocates
project management process as well as customer involvement. These findings can help when Agile teams are not performing as well as hoped by identifying if these factors are present and if not, helping the team in that area in order for them to be successful.


Molar pregnancy, known as hydatidiform mole, is a genetic anomaly related to fertilization, diagnosed with an incidence of 1-3/1000 pregnancies. It affects sexually active women, but the risk is substantially higher in women before 20 and after 40 years. Clinically, the patients with complete moles usually presents between 11 and 25th week of pregnancy with markedly elevated serum b-human chorionic gonadotropin (b-hCG), much higher than expected value for the gestational age. They may also present vaginal bleeding or enlarged and distended uterus (size greater than dates). At ultrasound examination usually there is no evidence of embryo or demonstrable heart activity and the presence of multiple echogenic signals described as ``snowstorm`` is characteristic. This ultrasound pattern interpreted in a context of markedly elevated b-hCG levels provides a diagnostic accuracy up to 90%. However, majority of cases are first diagnosed by histological examination. The most severe complication after molar evacuation is persistent or metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease and the risk of choriocarcinoma. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia occurs in 10% of patients with molar pregnancy and detected in early stages is curable in most cases.


Much research has been done on ways that the Ottoman sultanate sought to boost its legitimacy among its subjects. The degree to which non-Muslims considered the sultanate to be legitimate, however, has not been thoroughly investigated. Rather it has been assumed in literature on the topic that non-Muslims could not fully endorse the legitimacy of the Ottoman sultanate because of religious antagonism. This thesis addresses this question in depth by assessing the views of nine Early Modern Greek chronicle writers regarding the legitimacy of the Ottoman sultanate. The introduction of this thesis provides intellectual contextualization through brief discussions of Byzantine and Ottoman political theory. It is followed by a second chapter that describes the views of Greek chroniclers who did not consider the Ottoman sultanate to be legitimate. The third chapter analyzes the views of one chronicler who accepted the legitimacy of the Ottoman sultanate without justifying his views. Finally, the fourth chapter analyses two groups of chroniclers who crafted legitimizing discourses in support of the Ottoman sultanate. The thesis ends with consideration of the nine chronicles audiences and with questions about the degree to which intellectuals influenced each other across linguistic and religious borders in the Eastern Mediterranean of the Early Modern Period. In sum, this thesis shows that Early Modern Greek chronicle writers had diverse views on the legitimacy of the Ottoman sultanate and that some of them crafted legitimizing discourses in support of their Muslim rulers. A translation of the Patriarchal History of Constantinople appends the thesis.