In the mass cultural context,esthetic development is transforming from elite esthetics to mass esthetics. Based on the social development,the academic deepening and the change of students'esthetic consciousness,teaching of esthetics curriculum must be self-adjusted in this cultural environment.These are mainly manifested in the aspects of resources,idea,strategy,etc.,namely the optimizing and integrating teaching medium resources,promoting and enhancing the teaching main body idea and the quality,and looking for more proper teaching strategies and methods based on the basic esthetic theory and the study main body's survival practice.


A device (D) is dedicated to the occultation of a picture window (TP) of a motor vehicle. It comprises i) two curtains (R1, R2) each having a first end edge (BE1) and a second free end edge (BE2), ii) a rotatable roller (RR) to which are secured the second edges of end (BE2) so as to allow the simultaneous winding and superimposed on the two curtains (R1, R2) and the sliding of the latter facing the picture window (TP) in opposite directions, and iii) means for supporting ( MS) responsible for supporting the roll (RR) while allowing its rotation and by giving it a degree of freedom of movement so that it can drape (R1, R2) substantially equally.


This paper introduces the process of test system on the point of military equipment's reliability,including the choosing of component,the deciding of system scheme,and analyses the mathematical model of signal detection circuits,the result shows that MTBF(Mean Time Between Failures) provides the academic guarantee for the reliability of the system.


In order to solve the copula selection problem, an innovative method, called switched copula selection method is introduced, which is inspired by the mixed copula selection method. The new method can ignore how to determine a fixed copula beforehand, whereas it organises different kinds of copulas through a copula selection pool. Applying copula selection methods to estimation of distribution algorithms EDAs, the procedures of proposed mixed copula-EDAs and switched copula-EDAs are described in detail. Comparing with the single copula-EDAs, the experiment results show that switched copula-EDAs is easy to implement and provides a balance between accuracy and efficiency of the copula selection, in the meantime it promotes the performance whereas the computation complexity is almost the same.


With this issue, two new sections begin in ETHNOHISTORY: Review Articles, in which books that are of potentially wide interest for a specific, large constituency of ehtnohistorians, or for the field as a whole, are reviewed in a more comprehensive fashion than space for ordinary reviews allows; and beginning with Issue 4 of Vol. 32, Commentary, which provides a forum for the discussion of issues raised in essays or by book reviews that appear in ETHNOHISTORY. Both sections have resulted from discussions involving members of the Editorial board and the other editors of ETHNOHISTORY. Suggestions for ways in which ETHNOHISTORY might change in the future are welcome and should be sent to the editor. The Subarctic volume of the Handbook of North American Indians constitutes a landmark in the literature dealing with the native people of the subarctic. It is the product of a collective effort of 50 contributors, who submitted 66 articles over an eight-year period, between 1972 and 1980. The editors of the Handbook had very ambitious goals. They attempted to provide a historiography of archaeological and ethnological research dealing with the Subarctic as well as a summary of what they regarded as the current thinking about the ethnology and history of the different native groups who live in the region. The Subarctic Handbook is organized into 8 major units. It begins with a 129-page general introductory section that offers a broad overview of the physical environment and a series of historiographical essays focusing on archaeological and ethnohistorical research in the various subregions of the Subarctic (the Shield and the Mackenzie Valley, the Cordillera, and Alaska). Five separate sections follow that are devoted to the subregions. Each of these sections opens with two introductory essays, one providing a cultural ecology overview, and the other a history of native-white relations. These are followed by chapters that deal with the native groups who live in the area being surveyed. The final two sections of the Subarctic volume depart from this regional orientation. One focuses on a selection of modern native settlements and the other is devoted to "Special Topics:" "Modern Indians and Metis" and "Expressive Aspects of Subarctic Indian Culture." This review will consider those essays of the greatest interest to ethnohistorians: the overview essays


The oncoming prosperity of interactive multimedia application triggers significant challenge to current best-effort Internet because of the dynamic and unpredictable available bandwidth, end-to-end delay, and packet loss. Recently, overlay technique has emerged as an approach to help mitigating these problems. In order to understand the potential benefits of using multi-path provided by overlay network to interactive video, this paper examines the performance of two special multi-path deliver schemes - dual-path mesh and dual-path round robin, and compares their metrics of round-trip delay, packet loss, one-way delay jitter to the direct Internet path by analyzing 7 days of data collected from 102 geographically diverse PlanetLab nodes. By mapping the collected data with MPEG-4 coded "Foreman" video sequence, the paper also presents multi-path benefit on peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).


Lighting systems often use square LED panels or spherical luminaires, which may not always have an exactly symmetrical luminous intensity curve, even if they appear to be symmetrical. A problem with these luminaires can already arise when measuring luminous intensity distribution curves in a photometric laboratory due to incorrect symmetry determination. For design reasons, many times it is very complicated or even impossible to determine the photometric axes of the luminaire in the case of both spherical and square luminaires. This fact may cause a difference in the angle of rotation of the luminaire in light design software and real lighting systems and thus can cause a situation that the lighting system does not meet the requirements of standard STN EN 12464–1. Such a situation is, of course, undesirable and can cause considerable financial losses. Considering the uncertainties of measuring the parameters entering the lighting system calculation and other influences that cause the difference between the calculated and measured parameters, it is necessary to oversize the system to a certain extent, but there is an upper limit defined by Act no. 555/2005 on the energy performance of buildings. This article deals with the problem that can be caused by an incorrect angle of rotation of the luminaire with an asymmetrical luminous intensity curve when installing the lighting system.


One of the keys to success in the implementation of the curriculum 2013 is the utiliztion of facilities and learning resources optimally. This study aims to determine how the utilization of facilities and learning resources at Sawit of 1 junior high school Boyolali academic year 2014/2015. This type of research is qualitative descriptive with sample grade science teacher at VII and VIII. Technique data collecting RPP documentation techniques for the utilization of facilities and learning resources, observation of learning to utilization the facilities and learning resources and interview (optional). Results of research on the preparation of the RPP indicates that a science teacher in the selection and use of instructional media 100%, the utilization of variation of instructional media 81.25%, utilize media use and optimally 74.99%, utilizing the media for scientific learning 89.58%. In the aspect of learning resource usage of books 79.72%, web address 62.5%, LKS 100%, utilization of school areas 22.91%, the media as a learning resource 83.3%. The result of observation at learning activity of learning for classroom space utilization 93.75%, utilize laboratory 67.85%, libraries 92.85%. In the aspect of learning resources utilizing skills learning resource 74.99%, involving students 66.65% and generate attractive message 100%. It can be concluded that the utilization of learning facilities excellent category (78.84%) and the use of learning resources both categories (73.93%) in the preparation of lesson plans (RPP) and utilization of learning facilities either category (94.44%) and the use of learning resources both categories (74.47%) on the implementation of learning
Keywords: learning facilities, learning resources, implementation curriculum 2013


Most studies that have shown higher bird species richness and abundance in riparian zones have been conducted where there is contrast between vegetation in riparian and upland habitats. In central Appalachian hardwood forests, substantial riparian habitat is potentially subject to habitat alterations. However, little information is available on the importance of riparian habitats to songbirds where the riparian-upland vegetation gradient is relatively uniform. We sampled relative bird abundance and habitat characteristics along a gradient from a stream to adjacent upland habitat at 16 sites in southwest Virginia. We evaluated total relative bird abundance, species richness, and relative abundance of 28 bird species to determine whether riparian habitats influenced bird assemblages. Total bird relative abundance and species richness showed no (P > 0.10) riparian influence; however, Acadian flycatchers (Empidonax virescens) and Louisiana waterthrushes (Seiurus motacilla) were most associated (P < 0.001) with streams. American robins (Turdus migratorius) showed a weaker but positive association (P = 0.068) with streams. Eastern woodpewees (Contopus virens) (P = 0.01), black-and-white warblers (Mniotilta varia) (P < 0.001), pine warblers (Dendroica pinus) (P < 0.001), worm-eating warblers (Helmintheros vermivorus) (P < 0.001), and scarlet tanagers (Piranga olivacea) (P = 0.041) were negatively associated with streams. We used cluster analysis to group the 28 bird species into 5 assemblages on the basis of their distributions at 69 sampling stations distributed among the 16 sites. Species were classified as belonging to riparian (n = 2 species), upland forest (n = 6 species), mesic forest (n = 3 species), xeric upland forest (n = 6 species), and mature hardwoods generalist (n = 11 species) assemblages. Management or protection of riparian zones often is justified on the basis of higher bird species richness and abundance found in these sites. Our data did not support this. However, Acadian flycatchers and Louisiana waterthrushes were dependent on riparian habitats, and such habitats should be protected for these species


To the A copper-related diseases in humans to treat and prevent the state of copper, the compositions and methods include improved means for achieving levels targeted to maintain the level. .BACKGROUND


The last decade has witnessed exponential growth of data particularly in the fields of biomedicine, unstructured text processing and signal processing. There exist instances of data depicting simultaneous interactions amongst more than two types of entities. Such data are not readily amenable to matrix representation as matrices can show interactions between only two types of entities at a time. Tensors are multimodal extensions of matrices (a matrix can be thought of as 2-mode tensor), and tensor factorizations (decompositions) are multiway generalizations of matrix factorizations. This chapter provides an overview of tensor factorization methods as well as a literature review of selected applications in areas that are currently experiencing exponential data growth and likely of interest to a broad audience.


Trade has long been recognized as one of the key factors in African history. But far too great an emphasis has generally been placed upon the origin or distance of commercial contact as the characteristic variable in analysis. Thus, a new attempt to study aspects of pre-colonial African trade, and thereby to arrive at a more appropriate analytical model, is welcome. Gray and Birmingham have made such an effort, collecting twelve studies by eleven scholars on particular aspects of pre-colonial trade, all but one previously unpublished. And in their opening essay they develop a method of analysis which focuses on two broadly defined types of trading activity, "one restricted to supplementing subsistence needs and the other oriented to market conditions" (p. 5).


This study concerns the wrinkling performance of thin membranes for use as novel reectors in space-based telescopes. We introduce small-scale experiments for inducing and interrogating wrinkling patterns in at membranes, and we capture these details computationally by performing a range of nite element analysis. The overall aim is to assess the sophistication of modelling, to verify the feasibility of a small-diameter reector concept proposed in accompanying work.


Periocular recognition is a biometric identification technology that uses the unique patterns and features of the skin surrounding the eye, such as the eyelids, eyelashes, and eyebrows, to recognize individuals. It is considered a subset of facial recognition technology, as the periocular region is a critical component of the face and contains important distinguishing features. Periocular recognition is becoming increasingly popular due to its high accuracy and usability in a variety of applications, including security and law enforcement, healthcare, and financial services. The process of periocular recognition involves capturing a digital image or video of the periocular region, extracting unique features using computer algorithms, and comparing these features to a pre-existing database of known individuals to identify a match. The network is trained on a collection of periocular pictures and their related IDs in order to employ Xception CNN for periocular identification. The network gains the ability to extract identifying characteristics from these photos that are discriminative. Experimental shows that the Xception CNN provide promising results in the recognition of periocular images.


The invention discloses a single-inductor multi-output DC-DC converter and a control method thereof. The converter comprises a single-inductor multi-output DC-DC converter power stage, a current/voltage sampling circuit, a voltage analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module, an error signal generation module, a multi-path circuit proportional integral (PI) module, a duty ratio re-allocation module, a multi-path digital pulse width modulation module, a summator/subtracter, a current PI module, a digital pulse width modulation module, a new duty ratio total sum generation module, a switch logic and a dead zone control and driving circuit. By stretching and contracting an old duty ratio signal according to proportion to further control, and the cross regulation rate of the converter is reduced; meanwhile, the signal bit width is reduced by Sigma-Delta truncation during telescopic conversion, meanwhile, the precision is ensured, hardware calculation resources are saved, the calculation speed is increased, and the cost is reduced. The single-inductor multi-output DC-DC converter and the control method thereof can be widely applied to the technical field of electronics.


Objective To investigate the acute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage cerebral salt wasting syndrome(CSWS) causes,clinical features.Methods Of collection of January 1997 to March 2010 in our hospital for treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage with hypertension salt wasting syndrome in 7 cases the clinical and laboratory examinations.Results Of acute intracerebral hemorrhage hypertensive cerebral salt wasting syndrome 7 Patients,3 patients were cured,2 died of cerebral edema,2 patients died of multiple organ failure.Conclusion Low serum sodium.High urinary sodium Hypovolemic cerebral salt wasting syndrome is an important diagnostic evidence,based on clinical features,timely supply water and sodium after treatment of acute hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with cerebral salt wasting syndrome reduce the mortality.


We classified the combinatorial structures of 3-dimensional bounded ODCH (orderable and deformable compact hyperbolic) Coxeter polyhedra up to symmetry. Using Plantri graphs and graph theory, we proved that the number of such combinatorial polyhedra is five. One of such combinatorial polyhedra is tetrahedron. Using graph theory and combinatorics, we find that there are six orderable and deformable compact hyperbolic tetrahedra up to symmetry.


Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of MTB detection in tissue samples taken during surgery (TSTDS) using real-time PCR.

Materials and Methods: As a diagnostic material the removed portion of lungs of patients with various forms of pulmonary TB from thoracic surgery department were tested. A total of 49 (30 (61%) male and 19 (39%) female) patients were examined. Patient categories: 37 (76%) new cases and 12 (24%) recurrent cases. To compare the efficiencies all pathological materials were examined by microscopy (fluorescence method), as well as molecular - genetic method on GeneXpert MTB / RIF equipment.

Results: The results showed high sensitivity and specificity of molecular - genetic method in MTB detection in TSTDS. In 33 out of 49 pathological materials the Xpert MTB / RIF test was positive. Sensitivity to rifampicin anti TB drug was in 18 (55%) cases and resistance in 15 (45%) cases. 18 patients with drug sensitivity were new cases of TB in 12 (67%) of them and recurrent cases in 6 (33%). 15 patients with drug resistance were new cases of TB in 12 (80%) and recurrent cases in 3 (20%) patients. The Xpert MTB / RIF test detected MTB in 12 (36%) patients with negative sputum smears, 4 (33%) of them were resistant forms of MBT. Test error was found in 7 (14%) patients. The average test time on GeneXpert apparatus was two hours per test.

Conclusions: Molecular and genetic method based on real-time PCR reduces the detection time of MTB and the rpoB gene mutation in TSTDS, which contributes to the timely correction of treatment regimen of patients.

Xpert MTB / RIF test can be used as an initial diagnostic test in analysis of TSTDS in various forms of pulmonary TB.


In this paper we present a novel approach to teach kinetic energy as an observable and measurable concept. The fundamental principles have been outlined for gravitational potential energy in an earlier work, that we extend here. By accelerating or decelerating bodies with springs we begin, in a first step, with a direct comparison method for kinetic energies. A second step addresses the quantification of kinetic energy by introducing reference units. Third, we construct a mechanical calorimeter that generates these countable energy portions. And finally, in a fourth step, a quantitative description leads to the fundamental equation, that relates kinetic energy to velocity and mass. We highlight the concept by giving examples that were used and evaluated in high school physics classes.


Abstract In this paper, the system simulation model is dis-cussed from an engineering design perspective. Spe-cial emphasis will be given Modelica models, and it is exemplified how computational design methods operate on the simulation mode l in order to evaluate different concepts. Model based design optimization and probabilistic analysis are discussed as examples of such computational methods. An XML-based information system for representa-tion and management of design data for use together with the Modelica model is further proposed in order to simplify the use of computational design methods. Finally, an example is presented, where probabilistic analysis is carried out on a Modelica model of an aircraft actuation system using the proposed and im-plemented tools and methods. 1 Introduction In the area of engineering design, a substantial part of the process consists of manual design work in-volving the inspiration and creativity of the designer. However, a large part of the design process can be formalized, and by applying formal design methods, these can be implemented in computer software as computational design methods. By employing com-putational methods in early stages of the design process, it is possible to acquire valuable informa-tion. Such methods could for example include model based design optimization or probabilistic analysis. These computational methods will be described in more detail throughout the paper, but common for the methods is that they operate on simulation mod-els in an automatic, iterative way. This implies new requirements on the simulation tools as well as on the representation and management of data related to the computational methods.


For electric-vehicle proponents, 1978 will go down in history as a milestone in their long uphill race against the gasoline-fueled internal-combustion engine. This was the year that General Motors Corp. announced its intention to market production electric vehicles in the mid-1980s. The news from GM gave EV supporters the credibility they have been seeking for years. The implementation of Public Law 94-413 (the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1976) is well underway. The Dept. of Energy (DOE), which was given the responsibility for administering the Act, has awarded the major R&D contracts to several government organizations: Vehicle systems R&D -- Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Propulsion system R&D -- Lewis Research Center. Battery R&D -- Argonne National Laboratory. Flywheel R&D -- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory.


our knowledge, a study was conducted to ex¬ amine a number of variables which may be asso¬ ciated with the prescription of a psychotropic agent. (For this study, a psychotropic drug is defined as a chemical agent used primarily to relieve symptoms of mental and emotional ori¬ gin without impairing consciousness.) In addi¬ tion to the obvious variable of symptomatology, other factors such as the age and sex of the pa¬ tient and the prescribing physician's specialty


To determine the effect of part-time/full-time study, mentoring and various attribute variables upon productivity levels, 304 men and women possessing doctorates and working as faculty in education at U.S. land-grant universities were surveyed. These faculty received their doctorate degrees in 1974/75 or 1979/80 and were compared against each other for differences. There were no significant differences (p< .05) in productivity levels between men and women. However, men were significantly more productive than women when only the 1979/80 group was considered. Full-time students were significantly more productive than those attending part-time and there were no significant differences for those indicating the presence or the absence of a mentor. The relationship between productivity and age (the older one was, the less productive) and productivity and full-time study was also significant. Salary for women was also positively correlated with productivity (i.e., the higher a woman's salary, the more productive she was). Demographic data was collected on 2236 total faculty giving evidence that men were paid more, received tenure more often, achieved higher rank, were more apt to attend their doctoral program full-time, and had a higher availability of males to mentor them.


A novel Push-Push oscillator array with simple structure is proposed. The Push-Push oscillators are connected via a coupling circuit whose structure is very simple. The phase shift between the output signals of the oscillators is achieved by controlling the phase difference of the reflection coefficients of the coupling circuit. The phase difference is changed by the bias voltage of the HEMT used for the coupling circuit. The basic performance of the oscillator array using two Push-Push oscillators is investigated. The phase shift produced between the output signals of two oscillators is 114 degrees at 15.4 GHz.


FIELD The present invention belongs to the plant extract active ingredients, to a plant cell wall is removed using cellulase to break up one cell extraction and purification methods, in particular to a method for improved extraction of berberine. This improved process step is firstly crushed Huang Bai, and red steamed, and then the enzyme reaction using milk of lime extraction, and then precipitated crystals and drying step. This high rate of leaching extraction, extraction cycles, the smaller the amount of the solvent used. Degradation of cell wall with cellulase enzymes, cell wall subject to different degrees of destruction, to increase the permeability rate of the cells, the cells increase the rate of extraction of the active ingredient and shorten the extraction time, and reduces the relative amount of solvent, improve production efficiency ; energy saving, green and safe. Mild enzymatic reaction condition, for less demanding engineering equipment, simple operation; substance required for enzyme reaction does not put pressure on the environment, thereby reducing energy consumption, environmental pollution.


Saturated pool-boiling experiments at 1 atm and subatmospheric pressure assess the utility of fine-filament screen-laminate enhanced surfaces as effective bubble nucleation sites. Experiments were conducted on vertically oriented, multilayer laminates in saturated distilled water at pressures of 0.2―1.0 atm. The performance of 12 different copper-filament surfaces, having pore hydraulic diameters ranging from 14 μm to 172 μm, is documented. Experimental results show that boiling performance is a strong function of screen-laminate geometry. In the present work, enhancement of up to 27 times that of an unenhanced surface was obtained at a superheat of 8 K and a pressure of 0.2 atm. Dimensional analysis and multiparameter regression are used to develop a heat transfer correlation that relates the boiling heat transfer coefficient to the lamination geometry.


Echinoderm Development 1. Fertilization and Early Development of Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars. 2. Experimental Investigation of Early Development in Echinoderms. 3. Experimental Investigation of Organization and Differentiation in Echinoderms. Amphibian Development. 4. Observations and Experiments on the Living Frog Embryo. 5. Patterns of Frog Development. 6. Extirpation Experiments, Transplantations, and Parabiosis. 7. Dissociation and Reaggregation of Amphibian Embryonic Cells. 8. The Primordial Germ Cells of the Frog. 9. Experimenting with Development. Chick Embryo Development. 10. Patterns of Chick Development. 11. In Vitro Culture of Chick Embryos and Embryonic Heart Duplication. 12. Surgery on the Chick Embryo. 13. Chorioallantoic Membrane Grafting. Fern Gametophyte Development. 14. Patterns of Fern Gametophyte Development. 15. Environmental Effects on Fern Gametophyte Development. 16. Sexual Reproduction in the Water Fern, Emerging and Regenerating Developmental Patterns. 17. Pattern Regeneration and Reorganization in Protists and Animals. 18. Experimenting with Vascular Plant Development Patterns. Appendix A.Preparation of Materials for Experimentation on Sea Urchin Embryos. Appendix B.Preparation of Materials for Experimentation on Frog Embryos. Appendix C.Preparation of Materials for Experimentation on Xenopus laevis. Appendix D.Preparation of Materials for Experimentation on Chick Embryos. Appendix E.Preparation of Materials for Experimentation on Fern Gametophytes. Appendix F.Preparation of Materials for Experimentation on Emerging and Regenerating Developmental Patterns. Appendix G.Notes on Course Scheduling and Use of the Manual.


Regulations limiting human exposure to radio frequency radiation now exist in many countries. In order to legally market mobile and portable transmitting equipment (MPTE) in Australia, manufacturers must comply with the provisions of the Australian Communications Authority regulations on electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and specific absorption rate (SAR). This work explains the Australian EMR and SAR standards, and the test procedures and administrative requirements to achieve compliance.


PurposeWorld Tourism Organization (WTO) recognizes image as the main aspect to be considered by a destination in its promotion and marketing process. Cities try to build valued and recognized images, established from an identity defined based on their own values. One of the strategies adopted for this construction is to hold events, through which it is possible to promote tourism, move the economy, improve the infrastructure, change the image and influence intentions to visit the destination. From the point of view of supply and demand, theorists have proposed two categories of destination image: the projected image and the perceived image. In this context, the objective of the research was to propose a model for measuring the Projected and Perceived Image through the Organizational Identity of the Volvo Ocean Race Brazil.Design/methodology/approachWith a quali-quantitative approach, the study universe is composed of in-depth interviews with the main members of the organizing committee, documentary and netnographic analysis of the event's social networks. For the analysis and interpretation of qualitative data, the collective subject discourse was used. Documentary and netnographic analysis were by means of deductive content analysis and correspondence analysis.FindingsThe results supported the three secondary hypotheses of the research, leading to confirm the central hypothesis that the constructed organizational identity, projected by the image, is perceived by visitors to the event studied.Originality/valueIt is understood as fundamental the expansion of studies regarding projected and perceived image, identity and the possibility of its application in tourist events, as social representations, as support also for the definition of management and marketing strategies.


The Accounting Information Systems is necessary for the business organizations managers to take as a basis for their making decisions. The role of the accounting information is to assist in the selection of investment opportunities that can achieve the maximum profitability in the long run.The analysis presented in the present paper is based on predictions that help the decision makers in choosing among available alternative investment opportunities.


The role of glyoxylate bypass in a lysine-producing Corynebacterium lactofermentum strain was analyzed. Unlike the wild type, the strain expressed enzymes of glyoxylate bypass during growth in the fermentation broth containing glucose as the carbon source. To evaluate the importance of glyoxylate bypass in the strain, we disrupted chromosomal aceA by using a cloned fragment of the gene. Site-specific disruption of aceA which codes for the isocitrate lyase, the first enzyme of the bypass, was confirmed by Southern blot analysis. The aceA mutant strain completely lost isocitrate lyase activity and ability to grow in a minimal medium containing acetate as the sole carbon source. The mutant strain was similar to its parental strain in growth characteristics and produced comparable amounts of lysine in shake flasks containing glucose as the carbon source. The amount of oxaloacetate accumulated in the fermentation medium was similar for both strains, suggesting that expression of glyoxylate bypass does not necessarily lead to the increase in intracellular oxaloacetate. These data clearly demonstrate that glyoxylate bypass does not function as one of the routes of carbon supply for lysine production in the strain. It appears that the leakiness of the glyoxylate bypass in the strain might be the result of a secondary mutation which arose during previous strain development by random mutagenesis.


Based on BS7448 fracture toughness test experiment standard and DNV-OS-C401,three-point crack tip open displacement(CTOD) bending tests were made using Q370qE base steel,weld seam and heat-affected zone(HAZ) samples at different sample thickness and at low temperature(-20 ℃) and room temperature(20 ℃) to research the elasto-plastic fracture toughness of the materials frequently used in bridge construction.The results show that the fracture toughness of weld seam is worse than the base steel and HAZ.


Abstract. Hybrid metal forming processes involve the integration of commonly used sheet metal forming processes, as bending, deep drawing and incremental forming, with additive manufacturing processes as Powder Bed Fusion. In recent ybears, these integrations have been more developed for manufacturing sectors characterized by components with complex geometries in low numbers, as the aerospace sector. Hybrid additive manufacturing overcomes the typical limitations of additive manufacturing related to low productivity, metallurgical defects and low dimensional accuracy. In this perspective, a key aspect of hybrid processes is the production of parts characterized by high strength and ductility. In the present work, a study was carried out on the influence of process parameters, such as laser power and scanning speed, on material ductility for Ti6Al4V alloy samples produced by Selective Laser Melting. In particular, the material strength and ductility were related to the process linear energy density (LED).


Collision, stripping and accreting have occurred by multiple-collision of the Izu island arc at the South Fossa Magna. It is presumed that this mechanism was occurred intermittently with a great earthquake or a slow slip. In this study, I apply the study, which I submit this meeting differently, of the mechanism of accreting of the Mineoka block to the area of Izu-Tanzawa region. And I review the tectonics in this area. First, I redefine next words, collision, stripping and accreting a years. It can attribute this strong asperity to high normal stress at the C-type fault presumably. Off Boso is southeastern offshore region subducting the Philippine Sea and the Pacific Plates respectively at the Sagami Trough and the Japan Trench, beneath the North-American Plate including the Boso Peninsula. Associated with the plate convergences, many earthquakes occurred off Boso region. Great and large earthquakes as the 1703 Genroku and the 1923 Taisho earthquakes occurred by the convergence at the Sagami Trough. The 1677 Enpo and the 1953 Boso earthquakes are thought to be occurred along the Japan Trench generating tsunamis (Hatori, 1975). On the other hand, slow-slip events were observed in every 5-7 year from the east of Boso Peninsula to off Boso region. The slow-slip events off Boso region occurred in the same depth with those of large earthquakes as the 1923 Taisho event. Seismicity off Boso region has changed after the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake: the latest slow-slip event was observed in four-year interval which is shorter than usual. To understand the various seismic activities off Boso region, it is important to image the plate converging variation. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology has conducted multi-channel seismic reflection survey for imaging the plate converging variation off Boso region. The acquired data was used to select the drill sites for an IODP proposal 'Kanto Asperity Project'. Seismic lines were NE-SW and NW-SE directions, and the latter lines are almost same with the migration of the Philippine Sea Plate. From the seismic data of the former direction, sediments and basements are recognized before subduction of the Sagami Trough. Depth of the basement is about 2-km below sea floor at the southern end of the line. The sediments and basements are observed below thick (˜3 km) sediments at the Sagami Trough and below the land plate. In the land plate, there are large amplitude events seemed to be spray faults branching from the top of the Philippine Sea Plate, which are connected to the Boso Escarpment. Around the Boso Escarpment, surface structure was disturbed thought to be caused by deformation of plate convergence. In the northeast of the spray faults, surface sediments (500-700 m) overlie on rugged basements. Drill sites for slow-slip observatory are selected below the basement of which P-wave velocity is about 2 km/s. The top of the Philippine Sea Plate is recognized to the NE end of the seismic line. Amplitude of the reflection is large around the 12-km depth below sea level, which is coincident with the slow-slip region. From the NW-SE profiles, the top of the Philippine Sea Plate is also large amplitude in the slow-slip region, whereas those of the southeast of the slow-slip region are small amplitude. From the observation, the distribution of large amplitude reflection of top of the Philippine Sea Plate is correlated with the slow-slip area. Landward dipping events are observed in the shallow part of the land plate thought to be caused by deformation. However those events are not recognized in the vicinity of the Japan Trench. In this presentation, we will show variations and characteristics of the sediments, basements and plate boundary, and discuss the various seismic activities off Boso region. Around the Boso Peninsula, central Japan, the Philippine Sea (PHS) plate is subducting beneath the Honshu Island along the Sagami Trough and the Pacific Plate is subducting beneath the PHS plate and the Honshu Island along the Japan Trench. The area offshore Boso Peninsula has very complicated geological histories by the influence of highly oblique convergence of the PHS plate and collision of the Izu-Bonin Arc since 15Ma. The geologic body of this region is composed of accretionary complex, some part of which is exposed in the Miura and the southern Boso Peninsulas. The geologic body of the offshore Boso Peninsula is also considered as the accretionary complex. Moreover, this area is accompanied with the seismogenic zone in which the great earthquakes such as the 1703 Genroku and 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquakes repeatedly occurred. Additionally, the tsunami and crustal movements also occurred together with earthquakes in this area. In the case of the 1703 Genroku earthquake, it is indicated that the tsunami height at the eastside coast of the Boso Peninsula was a maximum of about 10 m. From this result, it is thought that the earthquake fault of the Genroku event exists around the Boso escarpment. However, the fault distributions around the Boso escarpment have not been yet well understood. The objective of this study is to elucidate the shallow structure and fault distribution around the Boso escarpment in the Sagami Trough using various kinds of data sets as the swath bathymetric map, IZANAGI side-scan imagery, Multi-Channel Seismic (MCS) reflection profiles, and Single-Channel Seismic (SCS) reflection profiles. These data sets were acquired by JAM-STEC, Japan Coast Guard and ORI, Univ. Tokyo, respectively. Around the Boso escarpment, geomorhological lineaments were recognized in swath bathymetric map and side-scan sonar imagery. These lineaments are interpreted to be continuous fault scarp morphologies. These lineaments are distributed in the form of the en echelon arrangement in the W-E or WNW-SSE directions. MCS profiles of the area offshore Boso Peninsula provided very clear images of the upper boundary of PHS plate (UPHS) and the forearc area of the Honshu arc composed of the accretionary complex. Landward dipping faults were recognized in the accretionary prism between the Boso and the Katsuura canyons. These faults are distributed along the Sagami Trough and interpreted as splay faults branched from UPHS (Kimura et al., 2009). A number of the splay faults were reached near the seafloor around the top of the Boso escarpment. The seafloor configuration around one of the splay faults clearly indicates that this fault deformed the seafloor recently. The sedimentary basin located above a splay fault shows some evidences of crustal movement: landward tilted reflectors, unconformity with onlap by uplifting and deformations of the shallow part of the basin sediment and the seafloor. These results suggest that the sedimentary basin have been affected by repeatedly faulting. Additionally, faults beneath the sedimentary basin are active. There occurred four slow slip events (SSE) offshore of the Boso peninsula in 1996, 2002, 2007, and 2011 with a recurrence interval of 4 to 6 years. In all cases, it took approximately 10 days for the Boso SSEs to subside. In addition, the past four Boso SSEs occurred in similar areas, indicating characteristic behaviors as was observed in ordinary earthquakes. In this research, we estimate spatial and temporal evolution of aseismic slip of the four Boso SSEs by time dependent inversion. The GPS network detected transient crustal deformation on the Boso peninsula in 1996, 2002, 2007, and 2011. The detected transient displacements subsided for approximately 10 days. To emphasize transient displacements, we removed a steady deformation from the raw time series. The detrended crustal deformation shows south-southeastward displacements. The maximum detrended deformations are 1.c cm in May 1996, 2.5 cm in October 2002, 2.2 cm in August 2007, and 3.9 cm in November 2011.The observed transient deformation is thought to be caused by the Boso Slow Slip Events (Boso SSE) We employed time dependent inversion to the detrended crustal deformation associated with the Boso SSEs. We used EW, NS, and UD components of crustal deformation at approximately 40 GPS sites relative to Yasato station. The plate geometry of the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate is based on Nakajima and Hasegawa [2006]. The fault geometry is expressed by superposition of B-spline functions and slip on the fault is also composed of superposition of B-spline function. Trend and annual components are removed from the raw time series as mentioned above. As boundary condition, we set 0 slip on the edge of a fault geometry. The results show that the slow slip started offshore of the Boso peninsula and expanded to the south over time in the 1996, 2002, 2007 and 2011 cases. In the case of the 2007 event, slow slip also expanded to the north. The estimated moment mag-nitudes are 6.7 in 1996, 6.7 in 2002, 6.7 in 2007 and 6.9 in 2011. A similar area was ruptured by the four Boso SSEs with a similar magnitude and a rupture process. The recurrence interval is 6.39 year from 1996 to 2002 events, 4.86 years from 2002 to 2007 events, and 4.28 year from 2007 to 2011 events. The four events do not seem to be slip predictable nor time predictable. Though the 2011 event shows the largest magnitude among the four cases, recurrence interval from the 2007 event is the shortest. We cannot rule out a possibility that the Tohoku earthquake may have affected the occurrence of the 2011 event. In fact, dCFF increased near the rupture area of the Boso peninsula from the Tohoku earthquake. We will investigate a stress state change in the peripheral area of the 2011 Boso SSEs. The Kanto Asperity Project (KAP) sets two main objectives as follows. (1) To understand why the three different types of events occur laterally, at similar depths in the Sagami Trough. (2) To establish realistic earthquake-generation models using data obtained at each step of the process of the slow slip events (SSEs) off the Boso. The KAP-B i


As we all know, our college has become autonomous this year. Every autonomous college has its own syllabus. So the students of our college will find difficult to arrange the question papers of last year for reference. So, in this project we will make web application for our college where student will get question papers of previous year. Notes, recorded lectures and study material for preparation. Students can also solve the quizzes of various subject for their practice. Using this application students will easily arrange all the required study material. This project is developed in a manner that is easily manageable and time saving. It will be easy access application and useful for the students.


The invention relates to a temperature humidity gauge based on a MSP 430 singlechip. The measurement gauge in prior has greater volume and has incompatible mechanical parts and electronic control devices. The invention comprises a control module, a temperature module, a humidity module, a RS232 communication module, a RS 485 module, an alarm module, a power supply module and a power supply voltage measuring module. The power supply module supplies working voltage for the control module, the temperature module, the humidity module, the RS 232 communication module, the RS 485 communication module and the power supply voltage measuring module; the control module is respectively connected with the temperature module and the humidity module through signals, and the control module is communicated with an upper host computer through the RS 232 communication module and the RS 485 communication module. The power supply voltage measuring module is connected with the A/D of the power supply module through signals. The alarm module is respectively connected with the RS 232 communication module, the RS 485 communication module and the control module through signals. The temperature humidity gauge based on a MSP 430 singlechip has low power consumption, high accuracy and can receive analog and digital signals.


In the summer of 2004, Tennessee Tech University joined a partnership that included five, mostly rural, Tennessee county school systems to assist them with the development and implementation of a program called "Preparing for Emerging Technologies." The primary objectives of the program were to: • enhance the rigor and relevance of existing K-12 curricula by incorporating content from emerging fields of technology, including nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and others; • encourage students to pursue careers related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM); and, • develop a better-prepared workforce in order to attract new industry and business to the partner counties. The efforts of this group resulted in a series of three professional development workshops for teachers and two summer enrichment programs for high school students. The first workshop focused on the need for including the emerging technologies in the existing curricula, the second on providing teachers with the background information and materials needed to introduce the emerging technologies in their classrooms, and the third on providing teachers with the knowledge and materials needed to prepare specific lesson plans. A unique feature of these workshops was that teachers from all curricular areas were encouraged to participate, including English, history, and social studies. The summer enrichment programs were designed to provide high school students with exposure to the emerging technologies, encouragement toward STEMrelated careers, and a college experience. More than thirty different organizations representing government, industry, and education contributed to the summer enrichment programs, providing tours, demonstrations, lectures, and hands-on activities in emerging technology research laboratories and industrial facilities located throughout the State of Tennessee. This paper presents program details, lessons learned during the first year, results of participant surveys, and plans for future programs.


The preparation of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle by liquidphase coprecipitation was introduced.And the orthogonal experiment was designed.The optimized condition that the proportion of Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+) was 1:2,crystallization temperature of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle was 90℃ and crystallization time of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle was 45min was achieved.Under the condition,the average size of nanoparticle is 10nm to 20nm.And BP nerve network is used to analyze the influence factors of the size of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle such as proportion of Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+),crystallization temperature of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle and crystallization time of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle.


The present work investigates the gap in literature regarding the impact of secondary
education experiences on the identity of dyslexic pupils. During the long-term context of
the educational process, individuals face educational transitions as they move from
childhood to adolescence. The transition related effects and educational experiences, in
combination with dyslexic difficulties and experiences of support can have a severe impact
on a learner's identity. This study reveals how young dyslexic learners experience this
process and its effect on their identity, along with the corresponding psychosocial impact.
The research also investigates the strongly interactive relationship between the individual's
identity and his/her academic performance.
This qualitative study is predominantly based on semi-structured interviews with twenty
English adults and young individuals. A small-scale research approach is adopted aiming
to explore those aspects of secondary education in great detail.
The main issues discussed in this research are: transition to secondary education, parental
and institutional support, their influences on identity construction and fractured academic
identity. To present the findings of this research, identity theories based on Symbolic
Interactionism are used in analysing the data. The conclusions are that parental help and
support, both academically and emotionally, are critical and many participants said that
this had the most significant impact for them.
Additionally, it was found that because educational experiences severely affect identity
construction, educational institutions need to address the difficulties of dyslexia in a much
more pragmatic way and provide meaningful support for their students. Schools that
ignored their students' difficulties made them feel excluded and uncomfortable, and some
described leaving school a relief.


Soil boron (B) deficiency, a world-wide problem in agriculture, exists for more than 33 million hectares of cultivated land in China. Genetic variation exists for B-efficiency among different Brassica napus germplasms. To identify genes controlling B efficiency, an F 2 population of B. napus was constructed from a cross between a high B-efficiency cultivar, Qingyou 10', and a low B-efficiency cultivar, Bakow', and then evaluated for seed yield, bolting date and maturity date under B-deficient conditions. The ratio of high B-efficiency to low B-efficiency individuals fitted the expected ratio of 3: 1, indicating a major gene controlling the B-efficiency trait. The major gene was mapped in the ninth linkage group of B. napus. Genome-wide quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses detected one major locus near the major gene, which explained 64.0% of the phenotypic variance. At the same time, three minor loci in three linkage groups were also detected, and these minor loci individually explained 39.2%, 32.5% and 36.9%, respectively, of the phenotypic variance. A total of 11 QTLs were detected for bolting date and maturity date, some of which were associated with B-efficiency.


Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the leadership styles of nurse managers and then determine the relationship of the respective styles with the organizational commitment of the nurse managers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A quantitative correlational study design was employed in this investigation. Simple random sampling yielded 259 nurses who participated in this study. It was conducted between October and November 2021 at the government hospitals of the Hail Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results: The nurses' perceived that their nurse managers employed an idealized influence leadership style (9.15). Age, years of experience, and ward assignment were found to have no statistically significant difference on organizational commitment; however, a significant difference was found with nationality. No significant difference was found regarding age with idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, or management by exception; however, it differed significantly with individualized consideration, contingent reward, and laissez-faire leadership. No significant differences were found with the years of experience to idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, or management by exception; however, it was found significantly different with the contingent reward and laissez-faire leadership. Concerning nationality, a significant difference was found with idealized influence and inspirational motivation. However, no significant difference was found between nationality and intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, contingent reward, management by exception, or laissez-faire leadership. With the ward assignment, no significant difference was found with idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, or contingent reward management by exception; however, a significant difference was found with individual consideration and laissez-faire leadership. Conclusion: During the pandemic, nurse managers employed idealized influence leadership styles. Age, years of experience, and ward assignment were found to be of no significant difference to organizational commitment, but they did have a significant difference to nationality. Age differed significantly with individualized consideration, contingent reward, and laissez-faire leadership. Years of experience was found to be significantly different with contingent reward and laissez-faire leadership. Concerning nationality, a significant difference was found with idealized influence and inspirational motivation. With the ward assignment, a significant difference was found with individual consideration and laissez-faire leadership.


Pityriasis lichenoides is an uncommon acquired skin disease of unknown etiology [1]. Since it is rare it may be overlooked, but it is important as it bears a significant risk of morbidity with potential progression to cutaneous lymphoma or an ulceronecrotic appearance [2]. There are two clinical forms, pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA) and pityriasis lichenoides chronica. PLEVA is characterized by erythematous macules, papules and papulovesicles. Reddish-brown crusted areas gradually develop and result in varioliform scarring [1]. Side-effects associated with tetanus vaccination are uncommon and generally mild. Temporary viral exanthem and urticarial lesions may occur as a side-effect of vaccination in some individuals. To the best of our knowledge, PLEVA following vaccination has only been described in two cases, and none of them was seen to be triggered by tetanus vaccination.


THE FACT THAT MAJOR FIRES ARE RARE EVENTS IN UNDERGROUND METAL MINES MEANS THERE IS OFTEN LITTLE ON-SITE EXPERIENCE IN DEALING WITH THESE SITUATIONS. ELABORATE STRATEGIES THAT RELY ON A HIGH DEGREE OF TRAINING AT ALL LEVELS TO BE EFFECTIVE ARE LIKELY TO FAIL, ESPECIALLY WITH THE TREND IN AUSTRALIA TOWARDS SMALLER MINES AND "FLY IN-FLY OUT" OPERATIONS. A ROBUST STRATEGY IS REQUIRED. THE KEY ITEMS IN SUCH A STRATEGY ARE: EARLY DETECTION AND WARNING OF PERSONNEL, PERSONAL BELT-WORN OXYGEN-GENERATING SELF-RESCUERS, HIGH INTEGRITY ESCAPE ROUTES AND SELF-CONTAINED REFUGE STATIONS, SIMPLE PROCEDURES, RELIABLE PERSONNEL "TAGGING" SYSTEMS AND SUFFICIENT, TRAINED, SEARCH AND RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT.


Human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is an oncogenic retrovirus; whereas HTLV‐1 mainly persists in the infected host cell as a provirus, it also causes a malignancy called adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in about 5% of infection. HTLV‐1 replication is in most cases silent in vivo and viral de novo infection rarely occurs; HTLV‐1 rather relies on clonal proliferation of infected T cells for viral propagation as it multiplies the number of the provirus copies. It is mechanistically elusive how leukemic clones emerge during the course of HTLV‐1 infection in vivo and eventually cause the onset of ATLL. This review summarizes our current understanding of HTLV‐1 persistence and oncogenesis, with the incorporation of recent cutting‐edge discoveries obtained by high‐throughput sequencing.


The paper takes the inner financial control of universities and colleges as the research object,and reveals that universities are general lack of internal control consciousness,and the safety of their property has very big risk and hidden danger through the analysis of internal financial control situation.It provides suggestions and measures about college internal financial control through the analysis of the problems such as influence factors of internal financial control.


Sir, Since the late 1940s it has been common practice to orient the bevel of cutting spinal needles parallel to the longitudinal dural fibers to decrease the size of the puncture hole and thus the rate of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH). However, neither in vitro studies nor clinical surveys offer rigorous support for this custom. In vitro studies. Of the seven in vitro studies relating the role of bevel orientation to the size of the puncture hole or the rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) loss (1—7), four found bevel orientation to be irrelevant (1—4) and three suggested that transverse insertion caused a smaller hole or less CSF leakage than a longitudinal insertion (5—7). These studies, however, have serious flaws: use of a latex membrane; disregard of the action of the CSF transverse forces on the puncture hole (1, 2) and of the longitudinal tension caused by back flexion (1—6); and disregard of the uneven thickness of the dura (2). Segments of cadaver dura mater differ markedly from in situ living dura mater, which is a complex visco-elastic membrane of varying stiffness submitted to fluctuating transverse and longitudinal stresses, all of which influence the puncture hole (8). In vitro studies also ignore the role of the epidural structures supporting the dural sac and the dural—epidural pressure gradient. Therefore, one must question the value of in vitro investigations. Clinical surveys. Five groups have explored the relation between PDPH and bevel orientation in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia (9—13). These studies are also flawed. Many factors influence the incidence of PDPH (9, 10): patient age, sex and history of headaches; back flexion during the puncture; operator skill; type and gauge of spinal needle; nature of the injected local anesthetic and opiate; post-puncture patient activity; route of approach (median vs. paramedian). These factors should be equally distributed in both groups when comparing bevel orientation; in addition, a uniform puncture technique and blind observers should be used. None of these five studies fulfilled these requirements (9—13). Moreover, sagittally inserted bevels of thin needles may be deflected and pierce the dura mater tangentially (14). Some authors (14, 15), although not all, claim that this tangential approach decreases the incidence of PDPH. Thus, the following conclusions of these clinical surveys are questionable: (i) three groups reported a three-fold increase in PDPH with transverse vs. sagittal bevel insertion (9—12); (ii) one group claimed no difference between the two orientations (13). These surveys are deficient in methodology and statistical analysis; even Norris et al. (12), who reported a three-fold increase in the PDPH rate after accidental dural puncture with 17 G Hustead needles when the bevel was oriented transversally rather than sagittally, and used a homogeneous group of young parturients and a good methodology, ignored the possible role of a successful post-puncture epidural block, bearing efforts at delivery and post-partum patient activity. Thus, although the clinical surveys might suggest an advantage of transversally inserted bevels, further studies are needed to confirm this impression.


Many Healthcare initiatives & Projects are planned in Healthcare sector and usually after the initial sensitization sessions and Brainstorming among stakeholders the Projects are implemented. Monitoring and Review/Evaluation is done at the end of Project duration or during some specifically decided time interval as per standard practices.
Strength, weakness, opportunities & threat (SWOT) analysis or critical evaluation/analysis is done. If the Project Objectives are not achieved as expected the insights gained by these methods are used as lessons learnt which are to be kept in Mind while planning for next cycle of the project or while planning some new Project if relevant to it. This end of project evaluation is in fact post-mortem of the project.


1. Background and Objects Korea has kept the high economic growth policy since 1970s and become OECD country as a result. But air quality has come to the serious level with the industrial development. Korean government has tried eagerly to improve air quality using various air management policies such as the regulation of fuel and the strengthening of emission standard. The concentration of TSP, SO2, and Pb was noticeably lowered in ambient air as these measures. But the concentration of PM10, NOx and O3 has not been improved. The concentration of PM10 and NOx (Figure 1) was 69 /m and 38ppb at metropolitan area in 2001, respectively. It is equivalent to 1.9-3.6 times the value of OECD countries. Figure 1. Status of air pollution in Seoul city And also it is estimated that 1,940 persons are died from PM10-caused disease at Seoul city. The government had enacted "the special law for improving air quality of metropolitan area" in 2003 and planed to lower the concentration of PM10 and NOx to 40 /m and 22ppb until 2014, respectively. Emissions from point, area and line sources must be reduced to reach this goal. In this study, we discussed the reduction strategies of emissions from point, area and line sources, especially from area source. And also we evaluated their reduction effect to decide the priority among these measures. The proper reduction strategy can be established only


This paper outlines the development of flight simulators used in civil training, military training and in engineering simulation. It describes the evolution of flight simulators and the typical architecture of a modern flight simulator. The technical innovations, which have occurred in modelling, motion systems and visual systems are reviewed. The paper also reviews the transfer of training in flight simulation, the application of simulation to engineering design and outlines problems which are encountered in flight simulation. The paper concludes by reviewing the current trends in flight simulation.


Precision processing of miniaturised circuits on the surface of three-dimensional (3-D) structure is of great importance for the telecommunication equipment. Laser micro-machining technologies have led the way in the development of innovative solutions in manufacturing high-accuracy circuits. In this paper, fine strip-line of planar helical antenna on the copper clad polyimide (CCPI) is fabricated based on the application of nanosecond pulse laser. In order to obtain the optimised processing parameters for planar helical antenna, ablation experiments of single grooves are performed and the effect of process parameters, such as laser wavelength, single pulse energy density, repetition frequency, scanning speed, laser spot overlap coefficient and milling times, are quantitively analysed. And the strip-line of planar helical antenna is processed under the optimised condition (laser single pulse energy density is 25 J/cm2, frequency is 30 kHz, laser spot overlap coefficient is 0.9, and milling times is 1). Experimental results indicate that the minimum width of micro-strip can reach 50 μm, and form error of strip-line edge processed by nanosecond pulse laser is less than ±10 μm, which could match the geometric accuracy requirement of the micro-strip antenna.


With the dramatic increase in the number of IOT devices the network access protocol of the devices has also become diverse., which has led to the need for IoT platform to support heterogeneous network access. However, the existing IoT platform framework does not support heterogeneous network access well. Therefore, to solve the issue mentioned above, in this paper, we propose a Flexi-IoT platform, a novel IoT framework for heterogeneous network access specially. Flexi-IoT platform overcomes the drawbacks of the existing IoT platform framework in supporting heterogeneous network access. Furthermore, the paper also designs a method for controlling devices via fuzzy logic. And the implementation procedure of Flexi-IoT platform is demonstrated with an application example.


This paper outlines the motivation for the development of some distance teaching tools. There are two sets of tools. The first a simple and effective lecture recorder system, which generates HTML output using Java code to provide audio and graphics annotation to a conventional overhead slide. The result is " playable " in any Java enabled HTML browser. The second set of tools concerns distance examination. Issues paramount to the security of the examining process are addressed and a client/server implementation is described. This system allows effective examination with good discrimination between students. It uses client side applets providing a rich and extensible set of input and output modes. These tools are being used in teaching at both Surrey University in the UK and at Massey and Waikato Universities in New Zealand. The motivation for these two experiments are quite different, the fust is local to Surrey University and tackles the issue of self-pacing, while the second addresses the issues of distance learning and class sharing between two Universities. In the latter other forms of multi-media are being explored alongside the use of the tools described. 1. The Teaching Process Distance learning has been developing in two different directions to date. There is a Luddite stream with its insistence on " study by Permission to make digiWnard copy oi all or pan oi this work for personal or classrOOm use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or Uktributed for profrl or commercial advantage, ths copyrtght notius. the title ol the publication and its date appear. and notice is given that copying is by permission dACM. Inc. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior speck permission and/or a fee. correspondence ". It has been venerated by generations of learners who drew wisdom from heavy tomes sent to them by post. At the other end of the spectrum, there is a multimedia cohort with their all-singing all-dancing CD-ROMs which never fail to entertain. The former works but requires strong motivation and usually on-site courses to back it up, while the latter is costly to produce and often substitutes sensation and hype for real learning. Finally both methods offer pitifully little as far as assessment is concerned, requiring the students to be examined in person. This paper advocates an alternative approach which belongs to a growing third battalion of developers …


A simple and new technique for direct determination of the short fibers orientation in polymer composites is described. It is based on the fact that the shape of the fibers' cross section in the plane perpendicular to the desired direction (e.g., orientation direction) depends on the orientation angle ϕ with respect to this direction. For an eliptical shape with minor and major radii r and R, the cosϕ = r/R. Using micrographs from the polished samples' cross section and assuming a planar fiber distribution, it is possible to calculate for a part or entire cross section area: (i) the ϕ-values; (ii) the orientation parameter fp; (iii) the angular distribution (by histograms); and (iv) the number and the sizes of the layers with more uniform fiber orientation as well as the transition zones between them. It is demonstrated for commercial poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) reinforced with 45 percent (by weight) short E-glass fibers (Rynite®) that each surface layer (A) takes ca. 3/16 of the sample thickness (b), the core (C)—3/16b and the boundary (B) between them occupies 3/16b. These layers are characterized, respectively, by A = 28°, B = 38°, C = 64°, and f = 0.51, f = 0.18, f = −0.15. For the entire thickness (A + B + C) the A+B+C = 44° and f = 0.17. The method described is applicable to any kind of fiber-reinforced composites from which it is possible to obtain micrographs of a desired cross section. The thickness of the cross section studied, as well as the number of the layers, does not affect the efficiency of the method.


Ever since the corrupt leadership of North Korea stopped distributing wages and food, men's role as breadwinners was upended and the family structure has altered. Wives tended to take on both roles, as breadwinners and homemakers because their husbands became unable to provide financial security for their families. North Korea has had a male-dominated family structure, where a man's authority over his wife far exceeds what is seen in South Korea, where women are quite independent; marriage begins with a romantic relationship, and divorce is not such a disgrace. It was seen that female defectors have tended to exceed male defectors with respect to financial independence. For the latter, one of the main obstacles in cultural adaption is change in political ideology, which did not bother the former to the same extent. While the men struggled with ideological changes, the women approached their circumstances realistically and were more down to earth. In this study, three female defectors, aged 31, 42, and 53 ...


A lot of attention is given to the relationship between China and Africa, but LSE's Raj Verma says the continuing revival of the historic links between India and Africa is worth talking about.


This paper puts forward some researches for synchronous rectifier driver circuits on forward/flyback DC-DC converters.Based on the idea of how to reduce converters' rectifying loss and increase converters' working efficiency,this paper puts forward some analysis and designing methods for some actual forward/ flyback DC-DC converters.As well as in this paper,the operating principle,converter characteristics, switching waveforms and key parameters are given.Through some circuit experiments,the high efficieney and excellence of forward/fIyback DC-DC converters are confirmed,and this will be helpful for improvements in efficiency of DC-DC converters.


In this paper, free vibration analysis of functionally graded thick, annular plates with linear and nonlinear thickness variation along the radial direction is investigated by using the polynomial-Ritz method. The material properties of the functionally graded plates are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to the power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The solution procedure is based on the linear, small strain, three-dimensional elasticity theory. Potential (strain) and kinetic energies of the plates are formulated, and the polynomial-Ritz method is used to solve the eigenvalue problem. In this analysis method, a set of orthogonal polynomial series for three displacement components in a cylindrical polar coordinate are used to extract an eigenvalue equation yielding natural frequencies. Upper bound convergence of the non-dimensional frequencies to the exact values within at least four significant digits is demonstrated. Numerical results are presented and compared with the available literature. The vibration frequencies are given in several examples for various boundary conditions for the first time.


A widespread acanthosis nigricans preceded the onset of and resolved together with the remission of a cerebral encephalopathy. Due to the extensive nature of the eruption, an internal malignant tumor or endocrinopathy was initially suggested.


Evaluating the integrity of a structure consists in proving its ability to realize its mechanical functions for all modes of loading, normal or accidental, and throughout its lifetime. In the context of nuclear safety, the most important structures consider the presence of a degradation grouping several aspects, such as cracks. In this context, the fracture mechanics provide the tools needed to analyze cracked components. Its purpose is to establish break criteria for judging loading margins in normal or accidental operating conditions. The seismic load is one of the dominant loads for the failure assessment of the pipes. Its probabilistic dispersion, however, was not taken into account in the past probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis. The objective of this paper is to simulate and analyze the effect of abnormal stress on the reliability of tow pipe sizes. As result the seismic stress has more effect on the break probability, but not for the leak probability. In the case without a seismic load, the break probability is mainly dominated by an initial crack size. The earthquake has much effect on the break probability for the large diameter pipe, not for the small diameter pipe. In the large diameter pipe, the break probability increases gradually with the time. The leak probability of both pipe sizes is not affected by the seismic curve.


People living in neighborhoods crowded with fast-food and convenience stores but relatively few grocery or produce outlets are at significantly higher risk of suffering from obesity and diabetes. The authors of this report correlated the responses of nearly 40,000 Californians surveyed in the 2005 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) with the Retail Food Environment Index (RFEI) to determine the prevalence of obesity and diabetes. The Retail Food Environment Index (RFEI) is a ratio of the total number of fast-food restaurants and convenience stores compared to grocery stores and produce vendors near a person's home. The authors found that Californians living in communities with many fast food restaurants  rather than grocery stores and other outlets providing more nutritious choices  were more likely to have diabetes and/or be obese. The authors also found that although low-income communities are often hit hardest by this phenomenon, the health correlation is seen across all geographic regions, income levels and ethnicities.


This paper looks at how Shewhart control charts—a statistical tool used in manufacturing quality control—may be used to establish and monitor benchmarks for student learning outcomes. By using Shewhart control charts, faculty can establish meaningful benchmarks based on the current educational process and identify when a statistically significant change (improvement or decline) in student performance has occurred. Included is a case study using data from Weber State University's construction management program, which uses the Associate Constructor Level 1 exam as an assessment tool.


We have demonstrated an all-fiber Erbium doped ultrafast laser by inserting a 45° tilted fiber grating. After optimizing the balance between intra-cavity nonlinearity and dispersion, an ultrashort pulse with sub-70 fs pulse duration can be achieved.


Carbon black nanoparticles modified with palladium nanoparticles (Pd/CB) were prepared using a facile methodology. Stirring CB in an aqueous solution of palladium chloride was found to result in the spontaneous formation of Pd nanoparticles on the CB surface. The Pd/CB composite demonstrated high electrocatalytic activity towards hydrazine oxidation, with good stability and reproducibility. Three linear dynamic ranges of hydrazine determination were found between 5 µM and 50 mM. The limit of detection (LOD) for hydrazine was found to be 8.8 µM (based on 3σ). The sensitivity of unmodified CB to trace metal impurities present in certain common electrolytes is also noted.


Biological systems like ciliated microorganisms are capable to respond to the external chemical gradients, a process known as chemotaxis which has been studied here using the chiral squirmer model. This theoretical model considers the microorganism as a spherical body with an active surface slip velocity. In presence of a chemical gradient, the internal signaling network of the microorganism is triggered due to binding of the ligand with the receptors on the surface of the body. Consequently, the coefficients of the slip velocity get modified resulting in a change in the path followed by the body. We observe that the strength of the gradient is not the only parameter which controls the dynamics of the body but also the adaptation time play a very significant role in the success of chemotaxis of the body. Path of the body is smooth if we ignore the discreteness in the ligand-receptor binding which is stochastic in nature. In presence of the later, the path is not only irregular but the dynamics of the body changes. We calculate the mean first passage time, by varying strength of the chemical gradient and adaptation time, to investigate the success rate of chemotaxis.


Purpose – The aim of this paper is to propose answers to such questions as: are major road projects currently implemented on Reunion Island sufficient to conclusively solve the problems of traffic congestion and urban sprawl? What coercive measures are to be implemented by local authorities for post‐project period management? Which option should be chosen: congestion charges and regulations, or access rights and permits?Design/methodology/approach – This paper is in four parts. First, the paper explains the various constraints to be overcome in road infrastructure and land development. Then the main characteristics of road transport are described. Third, the characteristics, cost and expected role are presented. Last, the various solutions are compared.Findings – Developing road infrastructures may appear as a solution to the congestion problem. Therefore, only quality public transport development and incentive measures to control traffic can reduce road congestion in the long run – provided the alternati...


Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection causes primary varicella (PV; ie, chickenpox). Infection by VZV is lifelong; after primary infection, it lies latent in the dorsal root ganglia until reactivation, where it results in herpes zoster (HZ; ie, shingles). Varicella-zoster virus is present worldwide


The invention provides a full-automatic limitation sensing device for a sharpening machine. The full-automatic limitation sensing device comprises a limitation device body, and an electrode constraint hole penetrating through the limitation device body is formed in the limitation device body; the limitation device body is fixed to a sharpening machine tool bit, the sharpening machine tool bit is located under the electrode constraint hole, and the center of the sharpening machine tool bit and the center of the electrode constraint hole are aligned. According to the full-automatic limitation sensing device for the sharpening machine, the defects that other sharpening machines are inaccurate in control over the electrode position and damage an electrode are overcome, control over the electrode position is improved, the sharpening effect obtained in manual resistance spot welding on the electrode is optimized, and wear of the sharpening machine tool bit is reduced. Meanwhile, the full-automatic limitation sensing device has the advantages of being simple in structure, good in using effect, long in service life and the like.


Sir, The interesting systematic review by Kelly et al. may leave clinicians puzzled, being stirred to miss the forest for the ghost trees. There is right and wrong cynicism/criticism. Nine "non-clinical" principal authors after examining 64 studies and 13 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reprove obstetricians worldwide that they have failed to demonstrate meaningful evidence that training in use of intrapartum fetal monitoring (IFM) works, amounting to a crisis! Rhetorically impressive creations can be distracting from the actual patient care improvements and wasteful. Clinicians should favour "sensemaking" to completist systematic literalism. If practically useful conclusions cannot be drawn from five RCTs of reasonable quality (showing benefit), then this systematic review needs to turn the lens on to itself. Achieving Kirkpatrick level 4 showing that IFM training improves patient outcomes seems mostly impractical given that the benefits of IFM itself remain unproven. IFM is a complex clinical activity unlike training in mathematics or other hard sciences. Focused studies on specific issues of training or new ideas would of course be practical and welcome/desirable, given that 80% of medical research funds are said to be wasted. The PROMPT group deserves huge credit for a major ground-breaking work in establishing 'multidisciplinary teambased skills drill training' in obstetrics worldwide. The review briefly mentions the content of training; the scientific validity of which seems more important for outcomes and litigation. Probably, the only high-quality study of IFM training and practice shown to improve perinatal outcomes dates back to 1998–2003. Following introduction of the PROMPT training courses, 5-minute Apgar scores of 6 or less decreased from 8.6/1000 births to 4.4/1000 births (P < 0.001) and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) (all grades) decreased from already very low (2.7/1000 births) to 1.3/1000 births (P = 0.032). Importantly, these training courses taught the contemporary UKwide practice of truthful pattern recognition of centrally important fetal heart rate (FHR) decelerations as 'majority early (benign-reflex like head-compression) and minority variable (cord-compression)'. Cardiotocography (CTG) was not deemed a mess before 2007 in the UK. In contrast, the British guidelines in 2007 enforced an untruthful unscientific pattern recognition of 'no early and almost all variable decelerations'; shown to detect only 45% of acidaemic babies even on retrospective expert review of CTGs, dropping to 30% under practice conditions. The Each Baby Counts, 2020 report shows that after a decade of escalating training, resources and practice improvements, the incidence of severe brain injury is 1.3/1000 births, worse than 1.2/1000 in 2015 (although these are still enviable figures for most countries). Moreover, HIE of all grades would be expected at least three times that, a far worse outcome compared with 1998–2003. The birth attendants describe having to resort to 'reverse CTG interpretation' overriding their training and thus fuelling risks, something unheard of before 2007. That seems the real crisis! CTG training is not a homogeneous entity and currently a core part of it seems to constitue disinformation. The PROMPT-group seems to be teaching a wrong definition of (seriously hypoxic) late FHR decelerations since 2007 and many expert-groups have been giving wrong definitions and illustrations of FHR decelerations. Is highly efficient and compulsory training of bad science desirable? The experts need to accept and correct mistakes. The review naturally arrives at a wrong principal conclusion that, 'Awaiting better data, CTG-training should follow the evidence-base for maternity training: local, multi-professional with integrated teamworking and support-tools'. Most British hospitals previously used to hold half-day comprehensive IFM training sessions as local team-based activity like the PROMPT study, but have moved away from these in recent years, specifically pertaining to the IFM training. Notwithstanding the conclusion, most birth attendants are now mandated to complete web-based IFM training modules once a year individually, commonly in the comfort of their homes. Most British hospitals, preferring "sense-making", have pragmatically adopted these centralised


Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Classification becomes more and more important in many natural language processing applications. It helps machine to recognize named entities in text and assign them with the appropriate categories. NER for Telugu is a challenging task since Telugu is very rich in morphology. Recent systems rely on machine learning approaches, but their performance is highly dependent on size and quality of training data. In this paper we proposed a rule based Named Entity Recognition and Classification system for Telugu language. In this paper we describe the identification and classification of Named Entities using word level features, work lookup features and contextual features. Further classification of identified Named Entities and ambiguity resolution is done through contextual rules and syntax information. The System is tested on different data sets of News paper and Teluguwiki corpus.


TPS622 Background: In patients with early and intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are ineligible for resection, thermal ablation, or liver transplant, transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with yttrium-90 glass microspheres has shown superior efficacy compared to transarterial chemoembolization; a subset of patients progress despite effective local therapy. Immunotherapy using the single tremelimumab regular interval durvalumab (STRIDE) regimen has demonstrated superior overall survival to sorafenib in advanced HCC. Recent work showed that TARE upregulates both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The possibility for TARE and STRIDE to have additive or synergistic effects when combined is of current scientific and clinical interest. The primary objective of the Phase II ROWAN Study is to assess the objective response rate and durability of local tumor control with TARE followed by STRIDE vs. TARE alone. Methods: ROWAN is a global, open-label, prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing treatment with TARE using glass microspheres followed by the STRIDE regimen (a single dose of 300 mg tremelimumab combined with 1500 mg monthly dose of durvalumab for 18 months) to TARE alone in HCC. ROWAN will include 150 patients across approximately 20 study sites in North America and Europe. Key inclusion criteria: HCC, diagnosed by radiographic imaging or histology; ineligible for or declined liver resection, thermal ablation, or transplantation; Child-Pugh A; ECOG 0; life expectancy ≥6 months; treatment naïve; unilobar tumor; measurable by mRECIST; tumor volume ≤25% of whole liver volume; and untreated future liver remnant volume ≥30% of whole liver volume. Key exclusion criteria: extrahepatic metastases; shunt fraction with a lung dose of >30 Gy; macrovascular invasion; infiltrative disease not evaluable by mRECIST; history of any organ allograph; autoimmune or inflammatory disorder; current use of immunosuppressive medication; history of malignancy other than HCC within past 3 years; and active infection. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to two study arms (TARE followed by STRIDE or TARE alone) using two stratification factors (TARE treatment goal [ablative vs. non-ablative] and alpha fetoprotein level [>400 vs. ≤400 ng/mL]). Tumor and blood samples will be collected for correlative studies. Co-primary efficacy endpoints are objective response rate and duration of response (localized mRECIST). The primary safety endpoint is the number of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs. Interim statistical analyses will be conducted after 25 patients have been randomized to each arm and completed the second imaging assessment 6 months post-randomization; final analysis will be after the last evaluable patient has completed the 18 months follow-up visit post-randomization or discontinued treatment. Clinical trial information: 05063565 .


In this study, we use the Extended Classifier System (XCS) to model the market behavior of financial time series, the purpose of which is to provide effective trading decision support. Several technical indicators and their first- and second-order derivatives are selected as the market descriptive variables, which are then used for XCS training. Then, the adaptive rules of the classifiers, which consist of conditions with relative actions considered helpful for constructing the automatic trading system, are generated from the XCS knowledge discovery process. The market data of the 10-year government bond futures traded in Taiwan are chosen for empirical study to verify the accuracy and profitability of the XCS model. These were also used to conduct a comparative evaluation between the random walk and tendency following models and the XCS model.


The invention discloses a method and a device for implementing auxiliary access control judgment. In the scheme of the invention, a base station gateway acquires an access mode of User Equipment (UE) in a mixed mode base station, and auxiliary access control judgment is performed according to the access mode of the UE in the mixed mode base station. Therefore, the problem that the base station gateway cannot judge whether the UE can be accessed to a target base station when the UE is switched between the base stations in the base station gateway is solved by the scheme of the invention. Because the base station gateway can acquire the access mode of the UE in the mixed mode base station, the base station gateway can effectively assist the access control judgment, the corresponding switching flow can be finished in the base station gateway, the purpose of auxiliary access control judgment is really fulfilled, signaling interaction between the base station gateway and a communicating net (CN) and system load are reduced, the capability judgment of the CN on accessing the UE to a CSG is reduced, and the superiority of the auxiliary access control judgment is fully exerted.


The inductance per unit length (L') of a railgun barrel is one of the principal parameters to predict the acceleration performance of a complete railgun system. A method is proposed to evaluate L' using the vector potential of the inside of rails obtained by two dimensional transient electromagnetic analyses with the finite element method for cross-sections of railgun barrels. Calculations with the method were carried out for two types of existing barrels. It was confirmed that typical features of the evaluated values agreed well with those of the measured ones. It is also shown that the values are useful for predicting the performance of the whole railgun system with a railgun system simulation code. Finally, parametric studies were carried out for one of the barrel models assessing the effect of changing several design parameters. From these results an idea of a thin steel wire wound barrel is proposed.


Among investigative tactics, undercover policing is unique in the extent to which it allows the police to shape the events they investigate. Yet this shared feature of undercover investigations produces very different academic controversies in the United States and Europe. European scholars fear the implications of legalizing tactics that had previously been tolerated, if at all, at the margins of legality. By contrast, American commentators seek to unsettle what they view as complacency about a tactic that is used far more widely in the United States than in Europe. In Italy and Germany, a long tradition of scholarship in criminal law treats police infiltration as a problem of government law-breaking. In France, a distinguished sociological tradition views undercover tactics as a privileged terrain of turf warfare between competing government agencies. Because of their interest in the entrapment defense, American academics focus largely on the criminal responsibility of targets, not operatives. More rece...


The unorganized point cloud can not be smoothed,In order to solve this problem,the paper proposed a Minimum distance Area(MA) algorithm to sort point cloud and to identify the noisy points of the section feature point cloud.MA algorithm is stable,accurate,and can efficiently complete point cloud sorting,and MA algorithm has a strong ability to identify the noisy points of the section line point cloud.


In order to find the suitable materials for the production of flexographic through 3D printing in hybrid light curing system through formula design. Several resins are selected as pre-polymer, prepared for the light-curable ink and tested its viscosity, surface tension, flexibility, curing speed and the volume shrinkage and other properties, to determine the optimal ratio of pre-polymer mixing system through recipe testing, which laid a solid foundation for the materials for the development of flexographic production through 3D printing technology.


Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on renal expression of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide( NO) in rats with toxic acute kidney injury( AKI). Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group,model control group and treatment groups,with 8 rats in each group. Except normal control group,rats were subcutaneously injected with gentamicin( 300 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 3 days to establish a model of toxic AKI. Rats in the treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with a 7-day course of ulinastatin( 30 000 U·kg-1·d-1) from the fourth day. While the other two groups were injected with 0. 9% sodium chloride injection( 3 m L · kg-1·d-1). The serum level of creatinine and cystatin-C,urinary concentration of kidney injury molecule-1( Kim-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin( NGAL),level of endothelin-1 and NO,expression of endothelin-1 mRNA,endothelial nitric oxide synthase( e NOS),induced nitric oxide synthase( i NOS),e NOS mRNA and i NOS mRNA in homogenate of renal tissues in each group were detected on the eleventh day.Results Compared with the normal control group,serum level of creatinine and Cystatin-C,urinary concentration of Kim-1 and NGAL,level of endothelin-1 and NO,expression of endothelin-1 mRNA,i NOS and i NOS mRNA in homogenate of renal tissues were higher in model control group( P 0. 01,respectively),while which were lower in treatment group than those in model control group( P 0. 01,respectively). And no statistical significant difference of e NOS and e NOS mRNA expression in homogenate of renal tissues existed among the three groups. Conclusion Ulinastatin possesses curative role against rat with toxic AKI via down-regulating renal expression of endothelin-1,NO and i NOS.


Background DNA methylation (DNAm) is commonly assayed using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip, but there is currently little published evidence to define the lower limits of the amount of DNA that can be used whilst preserving data quality. Such evidence is valuable for analyses utilising precious or limited DNA sources. Materials and methods We use a single pooled sample of DNA in quadruplicate at three dilutions to define replicability and noise, and an independent population dataset of 328 individuals (from a community-based study including US-born non-Hispanic Black and white persons) to assess the impact of total DNA input on the quality of data generated using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Results Data are less reliable and more noisy as DNA input decreases to 40ng, with clear reductions in data quality; however samples with a total input as low as 40ng pass standard quality control tests, and we observe little evidence that low input DNA obscures the associations between DNAm and two phenotypes, age and smoking status. Conclusions DNA input as low as 40ng can be used with the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip, provided quality checks and sensitivity analyses are undertaken.


The modern automotive industry has entered an era where tendencies are towards the increased automation and connectivity. The proportion of electronics-controlled systems is steadily growing in vehicles. In parallel the safety and reliability requirements to automobiles are becoming more stringent due to the increased number of accidents with fatalities on the roads. The problem is complicated by the fact that automotive has started to use cutting-edge technologies irrespective of their maturity level. This paper describes the use of BIST implementations for self-test of memories in an automotive SoC, to support testing in mission mode. Case study at the end of the paper demonstrates a practical built-in self-test architecture implementation providing efficient solutions for both production and in-field testing.


MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) is infrastructure dependent, collection of wireless mobile nodes that can communicate with each other directly or indirectly through intermediate nodes. Thus, all nodes in MANET behave as mobile routers and they decide and maintain the routes. Nodes in MANET have high mobility that makes difficult to find routes when message packets are routed. The location based DREAM Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility maintains information about location of each node in between sender and receiver. As this protocol works better with any energy efficient protocol so we need to consider it for its performance measurement. In our work we use location based scheme (DREAM) with multipath routing protocol AOMDV for better network performance. In proposed work routing of the nodes is done by AOMDV protocol by using location based DREAM protocol. If the nodes in the network have information about the status of receiver, will leads to better throughput and lower the end-to-end delay. Final result will lead to better throughput, increase the packet delivery ratio and improve end-to-end delay. Simulation can be done using NS 2. Keyword: AOMDV, DREAM and throughput, wireless ad-


Toll-like receptors are a kind of archaic and highly conservative trans-membrane receptors which belong to innate immunity system. They can transduce lipopolysaccharide signal. Lipopolysaccharide is the major pathogeny of periapical periodontitis. This article reviewed the lasted researches on the relationship of Toll-like receptors and periapical periodontitis.


Observations of young open clusters (OCs) show a bimodal distribution of rotation periods that has been difficult to explain with existing stellar spin-down models. Detailed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stellar wind simulations have demonstrated that surface magnetic field morphology has a strong influence on wind-driven angular momentum loss. Observations suggest that faster rotating stars store a larger fraction of their magnetic flux in higher-order multipolar components of the magnetic field. In this work, we present an entirely predictive new model for stellar spin-down that accounts for the stellar surface magnetic field configuration. We show how a magnetic complexity that evolves from complex toward simple configurations as a star spins down can explain the salient features of stellar rotation evolution, including the bimodal distribution of both slow and fast rotators seen in young OCs.