Summary Changes over time in the level and distribution of expenditure on research into forestry and forest products have been estimated for three periods of time - 1985/86, 1989/90 and 1994/95. During the period from 1985/86 to 1994/95 expenditure increased from $31.89 m in 1985/86 to $45.44 m in 1994/95 for production-oriented forest research and from $ 15.12 m to $20.07 m during the same period for forest products research. When inflation over this nine year period is taken into account, there has been a reduction in real expenditure (in 1994/95 dollars) of $3.6m and $2.6m for forest and forest products research respectively. The fragmentation of effort in organisations undertaking research, together with the diversity of topics being addressed, raises concerns about the effectiveness of expenditure, especially when considered in relation to some other forest growing countries. Probable initial effects will be loss of expertise in some areas, reduced recruitment of young scientists, and deterioration i...


High-speed protocols such as CUBIC and Compound TCP have been proposed for fast data transfer over long-distance networks. Currently, CUBIC and Compound TCP are the default transport protocols in the Linux and Windows operating system, respectively. However, both CUBIC and Compound TCP are known to have performance issues. Packet pacing can significantly improve performance of TCP Reno in high-speed networks. To that end, we examine the performance of paced Reno with CUBIC, and Compound TCP over a single bottleneck link with Drop-Tail buffers. Using extensive simulations, we show that in a many flows regime, with or without selective acknowledgements (SACK) support, paced Reno performs at the most, or better than CUBIC and Compound TCP. We also show that, with large Drop-Tail buffers, flow synchronization effects give rise to non-linear oscillations in the queue size dynamics, leading to low link utilization, aggregate throughput and fairness. On the contrary, small buffers ensure stable queues, and help paced Reno to achieve better network performance. With such incentives, paced Reno can possibly replace CUBIC in the Linux OS.


The purpose of this present study is to examine the gender roles in 19 stories in Sait Faik Abasıyanık's book "Şahmerdan", which is accepted as one of his early works. This study, in which the stories are analyzed in the context of gender roles, is structured with a qualitative research approach. Data on gender roles in "Şahmerdan"; has been collected in 4 categories by means of the number of male and female characters in the stories, their occupations, their roles inside and outside the home, and their personality traits and the data has been interpreted with the descriptive analysis method. The results has showed that the female characters are given less space than male characters, there are limited occupational roles for female characters, the variety of occupations increases for men, while the share of domestic roles is higher for female characters, male characters have a large share in roles outside the home, there are also weaker characteristics for women and stronger qualifications for men in the stories. The findings show that Sait Faik Abasıyanık reflects the society's view of women and men and the gender roles imposed on both men and women through various life impressions with a critical point of view in his works. KeyWords: Sait Faik Abasıyanık, Story, Gender, Women's and Men's Roles, Gender Patterns


In the recent era, the Face recognition technology has numerous commercial as well as security applica- tions at various places. For this, requirement of the memory element or capacity for storage of images is one of the major problems for generation of database for face recognition system. In this paper image compression techniques using which maximum utilization of memory element or storage devices can be achieved are discussed. Here techniques used for image compres- sion for face recognition are DWT & DCT. This review is initial part of the research for developing the algorithm to improve the results of mostly used DWT & DCT techniques and use one of the best techniques among them. tify coarse details. The basic idea of the wavelet transform is to represent any arbitrary function (t) as a superposition of a set of such wavelets or basic functions. These basic functions or baby wavelets are obtained from a single prototype wavelet called the mother wavelet, by dilation and translation operation (2). Discrete Wavelet Transform of a finite length signal s(n) hav- ing N components, for image is expressed by an N x N matrix. In this research a new and very competent image compression scheme is proposed based on discrete wavelet transform that results less computational complexity with no sacrifice in image quality. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared with some other common compression standards. Several quality measurement variables like peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and mean square error (mSE) have been estimated to determine how well an image is reproduced with respect to the reference image. The basic idea for compressing the image using discrete wavelet transform is given in below figure 1(2).


Abstract:Flight on-time performance is one of the most important issues in the National Airspace System, a very complex and dynamic system. To avoid negative impacts to the aviation industry, the Federal Aviation Administration has set a long-term objective of understanding and mitigating flight delays. Building an effective and accurate prediction model of flight-delay incidents will help airport executives make the best decisions in delay scenarios. This article utilized two advanced prediction methods to predict the probability of a flight-delay incident—data mining using the decision tree and data mining using Bayesian inference. Prediction models were built using flight on-time performance data collected from different sources. The results indicated important airport-related factors and their effects on the flight on-time performance.


The use of modern computer technology in animal husbandry without taking into account an experience can lead to unexpected results. From an economic point of view, the introduction and use of innovations in agriculture is not always justified, because of it is necessary to deal with the natural environment, and it is difficult to make predictions for obtaining particular results under such conditions. The article summarizes the experience of using modern computer technologies in dairy farming, considers approaches to improving the technology of milk production in cattle breeding, its innovative potential. Industrial-type enterprises must be modernized with the maximum use of existing facilities and technical equipment, with equipping them with advanced machines, automatic machines and equipment. The use of mechanization and automation should ensure reliable implementation and control of the processes of preparation, transportation and dosing of feed, removal and processing of manure and wastewater, and the creation of an optimal microclimate regardless of the season and climatic zone. The necessity of spreading a loose-line method of keeping cows, milking parlors and automated systems is substantiated. Cow milking should be considered a significant element in the mechanization of technological processes on a livestock farm, and therefore the most promising development of milking systems in automated and computerized installations such as Europarallel, Herringbone, and Carousel. The use of innovative digital developments such as the creation of large databases in dairy farming allows us to more accurately determine the possible results of investments and more efficiently integrate agriculture into society. The development of modern technologies contributes to a more complete realization of the genetic potential of animals and thereby increases the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding


Communication networks have been extensively deployed as an important infrastructure of power grid. To ensure the robustness of power communication networks, the fault prediction mechanism plays a pivotal role for the daily running of power grid. Conventional fault prediction requires to gather all information from all communication nodes through the network to the centralized server. It implies high communication cost and low learning efficiency since to localize the fault over the whole network brings extra difficult. In this paper, we introduce the fault prediction mechanism into this problem. The proposed method can separately learn prediction models at each node by communicating with each others. Only a small amount of model parameters instead of training samples are delivered on network. Moreover, we propose a strategy to synthesis local model and a global model from server at each node. This strategy can achieve parallel performance and further reduce the complexity of prediction models. Our experimental results on practical running data over power communication networks prove that the proposed federated learning based method can achieve a high performance fault prediction with quite low communication consumption.


Zizhan had different understanding of "ren" and broadened its content so that it included element which initiated the "universal love" thought of the Mohist School.He maintained that it was necessary to strengthen theory's executive force and increase influence of Confucianism in social life,which was also similar to the Mohist School that attached great importance to practice.In fact,Zizhang's Confucian thought is the theoretical father of the Mohist School.


The Three-In-One Gown was designed with the intention to create a Met Gala worthy look that was sustainable. This gown was the result of an in-depth design process including the idea conception, colorway research, computer-aided design, advanced pattern making, and couture technique. The Three-In-One Gown is innovative and sustainable because it can be worn for at least three different occasions where generally, it would be worn once and thrown out to make room for another. It can be worn as a showstopper at a formal red carpet event such as a Met Gala or even for a bride. It can be slightly dressed down with the tulle skirt removed revealing a column-shaped evening dress for an after-party. And finally, the column skirt can also be removed leaving a flirty cocktail dress that is perfectly suited for a romantic evening on the town.


In this work, we apply an adaptive observer for estimating the thrust generated by the individual rotors of a quadrotor UAV with uncertain actuator parameters, using a linear dynamic model of the system. In most of the previous works, the implementation of quadrotor control is based on the assumption of a known static relationship between the voltage signal to the motors and the thrust generated by the actuator-propeller assembly. However, due to variations in this voltage-to-thrust relationship, this approach may lead to undesirable results in practice. Feedback of the quadrotor thrust in the control system can provide more robustness to the system. In the absence of accurate knowledge of the actuator parameters, we use an adaptive observer for thrust estimation in this work. An adaptive observer is an algorithm for joint estimation of states and unknown parameters of a dynamical system. We use the adaptive Luenberger observer using two different cost functions, and apply a genetic algorithm to select the design parameters of the observer. We use low- and higher-order models for the actuator with the adaptive observer, and compare their performance. The results show that the estimates from the adaptive observer used with a low-order actuator model match the thrust values obtained from measurements with good accuracy.


We propose a method to build thesauri on the basis of grammatical relations The proposed method constructs thesaun by using a hierarchical clustering algorithm An important point in this paper is the claim that thesauri in order to be efficient need to take (surface) case information into account We refer to the thesauri as ' relation-based thesaurus (RBT) " In the experiment four RBTs of Japanese nouns were constructed from 26,023 verb-noun cooccurrences, and each RBT was evaluated fry objective criteria The experiment has shown that the RBTs have better properties for selectional restriction of case frames than conventional ones 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n For most natural language processing (NLP) systems thesaun are one of the basic ingredients In particular coupled with case frames, they are useful to guide corrert analysis [Allen, 1988] In the examplebased frameworks thesauri are also used to compensate for insufficient example data [Sato and Nagao, 1990, Nagao and Kurohashi 1992] Roget s International Thesaurus [Chapman, 1984] Bunruigoihyo [Hayashi 1966] and WordNet [Miller et al, 1993] are typical thesaun which have been used in the past NLP research Al l of them are handcrafted, machine-read able and have farely broad coverage However, since these thesaun are originally compiled for human use they are not always suitable for natural language processing by computers Their classification of words is sometimes too coarse and does not provide sufficient distinctions between words One of the reasons for this is that these thesauri aim for broad coverage, rather than for dealing wi th a par ticular domain Experience has shown that restricting the target domain appropriately is the key to building successful NLP systems This fact has been discussed by researchers working on "sublanguage" [Gnshman and Sterling, 1992, Sekine et al 1992] or "register" [Halliday and Hassan, 1985 Biber, 1993] Another problem with handcrafted thesauri is the fact that their classification is based on the intuition of lexicographers, with their cnteria of classification not being alwavs clear Furthermore crafting thesauri by hand is very expensive even in restricted domains Therefore building thesauri automatically from corpora has received a large attention in recent years [Hirschman et al 1975, Hindle 1990 Hatzivassiloglou and McKeown, 1993, Pereira et al 1993] These attempts basically take the following steps [Charniak 1993] (1) extract co-occurrences (2) define similarities (distance) between words on the basis of co-occurrence data (3) cluster words on the basis of similarity At each step, we have several options In this paper we wil l focus on step (1) the properties of co-occurences As for step (2) and (3) we wil l use the method proposed by Iwayama and Tokunaga [lwayama and Tokunaga, 1995], which is bnef l \ described in section 3 Co-occurrenres are usually gathered on the basis of some relations such as predicate-argument modifiermodified, adjacency or mixture of them For example Hmdle used verb-subject and verb-object relations to classify nouns [Hindle, 1990] Hirschman et al also used verb-subject and verb-object relations as well as prepositions and adjective-noun relations [Hirschman tt al, 1975] Hatzivassiloglon and McKeown suggested to use as many relations as possible in order to classify adjectives [Hatzivassiloglou and McKeown, 1993] Al l these attempts assume a distribution hypothesis that is words appearing in a similar context are similar hence they should be classified into the same class [Grishman et al, 1986, Hindle, 1990] As far as we concerned, we consider co-occurrences of words as a kind of context The more specific the context is, the more precise our classification will be In this respect we should use as specific relations as possible in order to obtain better thesauri Unlike previous research on this topic, we suggest to build a thesaurus for each grammatical relation In particular, we wil l use surface cases Therefore we would have a thesaurus for each surface case This is what we call ''relation-based thesaurus (RBT) " Another aspect that seems to be lacking in the past research is an objective evaluation of the automatically built thesauri All the previous attempts except [Pereira 1308 NATURAL LANGUAGE et al , 1993] evaluate their results on the basis of subjec tive cntena to what extent iS the result consistent with human intuit ion In this paper we propose an objective eva lua t ion method for automatically built thesauri In the following, we wil l introduce relation-based thesauri (section 2) and describe the clustering algorithm (section 3) Section 4 describes an experiment in which we compared with relation-based thesauri to conventional ones Finally section 5 concludes the paper and gives some future research directions 2 R e l a t i o n b a s e d t h e s a u r i This paper focuses on building thesauri of nones based on verb-noun relations Following the research mentioned in the previous section co-occurrence data is represented b\ tuples as shown in the left column of figure 1 where n1, and v3 denote nouns and verbs respectivelv while T1 denotes grammatical relations such as subject object and so forth F i g 1 Thesaurus construction from tuples Past research has not focused on using grammatical relations (T1) For example Hindle used subject and object relations but did not distinguish between them when calculating the distance between nouns [Hindle, 1990] Hirschman et al used other grammatical relations than subject and object in order to build word classes Actually they used various relations simulta neously [Hirschman tt al 1975] On the other hand Pereira et al used only the object relation [Pcreira et al 1993] Unlike all these attempts, we will focus on difference of relations and propose to build a thesaurus for each relation This approach is based on the fact that a noun behaves differently depending on its grammatical role Take the following examples (a) John studied English at the university (b) Mary worked ti l l late at her office (c) The university stated that they would raise the tu it ion fee (d) The mavor stated that he would raise taxes Wi th regard to taking a locatije role (derived from ' at" phrase in (a) and (b)), 'university" and 'office"" behave similarly, hence thev would be classified into the same word class On the other hand with regard to being a subject of verb "state" (in (c) and (d)), "university" behaves like "mayor" Wi th this respect, "university" and "mayor" would be classified into the same class It should be noted that the transitivity does not always hold beyond the relations In the above example, it is questionable if we could classify 'office" and "mavor" into the same class The bases of the similarity between 'university" and "office' and that between "university" and "mayor" are different In conventional thesauri "university and "mayor' would be placed in the different classes university" would be some kind of O R G A N I Z A T I O N and mayor" some kind of HUMAN However they could be put in the same class, namely as being a subject of a certain set of verbs Figure 2 shows our approach while figure 1 illustrates the conventional ones The tuples arc divided into the subsets with respect to their Tt latum \ thesaurus is built from each set of these tuples 3 H i e r a r c h i c a l B a y e s i a n C l u s t e r i n g Wc adopt a hierarchical clustering algorithm that attempts to maximize the Bavesian posterior probability at each step of merge This algorithm has been introduced b> Iyvayama and Toknnaga [iwavama and Toku naga 1995] and is referred to as Hi< rarchical Bay at an Clustering (HBC) In this set lion wc briefly icview the outline of the algorithm Given a set of training data D HBC constructs the set of clusters C that has the locally maximum value of the posterior probability P{C\D) This is a general form of the well known Maximum Likelihood estimation, estimating the most likely model (I e , set of clusters) for a given set of training data F ig 3 Hierarchical Bavesian Clustering Like most agglomerative clustering algorithms [Cor mack, 1971 Anderberg, 1973, Griffiths et al 1984 Willett 1988] HBC constructs a cluster hierarchy (also called ^ dendrogram') from bottom up by merging two clusters at a time At the beginning (the bottom level m a dendrogram) each datum belongs to a cluster whose only member is the datum itself For even pair of clusteis, HBC calculates the posterior probability after merging the pair, selecting the pair with the highest probability; To see the details of this merge process con sider a merge step k+1 (0 < k < V1) Bv the step k + TAKENOBU MAKOTO, AND H02UMI 1309 1310 NATURAL LANGUAGE


The invention belongs to the technical field of semiconductors, and in particular relates to a method for improving luminous efficiency of an AlGaN-based ultraviolet LED (Light-Emitting Diode). According to the method, the crystal quality of an AlNBuffer layer is improved by etching a triangularly prism-shaped graph on the surface of a C-side sapphire along the direction of [10-10], and the surface topography of an AlN layer is improved by a high-temperature pulse type atomic layer epitaxy. The traditional AlGaN-based LED with a flipchip structure can improve the light extraction rate by adopting a plated bragg grating, and the method not only is limited by the refractive index of materials and high in cost, but also is easy to wear and fall off. The method disclosed by the invention and adopting etching of a subwavelength grating not only is simple in design and process, but also is not easy to wear and fall, and is beneficial to heat dissipation, so that the luminous efficiency of the device can be improved.


Aliens — Refugees — Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees, 1951 — Refugee status — Country of nationality — Country of former habitual residence — whether "country" synonymous with "State" — Northern Cyprus — Obligation of non-refoulement Nationality — Nature of concept — Relationship between individual and State — Whether entity not recognized as State capable of conferring nationality Recognition — States — Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus — Absence of recognition — Significance — Whether northern Cyprus capable of conferring nationality — Whether capable of being country of former habitual residence for purposes of Refugee Convention — English tribunal bound by United Kingdom Government decision not to recognize northern Cyprus States — Criteria for statehood — Recognition — Absence of recognition — Whether entity not recognized by international community capable of constituting a State — Northern Cyprus — The law of England


It is known that red blood cell deformability may show colorful inter-species differences, influenced by inner vis4 cosity, cell membrane viscosity, morphology and surface-volume ratio of the erythrocytes. It is also well-known that the cell 5 volume is changing depending on the micro-environmental osmolarity. These changes can be well observable using osmotic 6 gradient ektacytometry (osmoscan). Interestingly, there is a lack of base and comparative osmoscan data regarding the exper7 imental/laboratory animal species. In this study mouse, rat, canine and porcine blood samples were analyzed using a LoRRca 8 MaxSis Osmoscan ektacytometer. The highest elongation index values were found in mouse, typically above shear stress of 9 1 Pa. Some lower values than these were shown in rat and more lower in canine, while the lowest values were detected in 10 porcine, typically above 3–5 Pa. The optimal osmolarity point value, so the measurable maximal EI osmolarity was in a wide 11 range among the species. While the lowest values were detected in canine, the highest ones in porcine and mouse, the rat values 12 were in between. Further analysis and wider comparison of the osmotic gradient ektacytometry may contribute to the better 13 understanding of the erythrocyte micro-rheological properties, their induced changes and inter-species differences. 14


This research paper shows the results of a research that was to tailor an instrument in order to assess metacognitive processes in reading comprehension for college students. First of all, the validity of content and then the validity of construct were conducted. 27 reagents grouped in 5 factors which explained the 62.80 % of variance, was the final instrument. 1) Strategies for reading analysis (_ =90), 2) Strategies for data or ideas identification (_ =76), 3) intrinsic reading motivation in general (_ =82), 4) Strategies for reviewing of information sources (_ =65) and 5) intrinsic reading motivation of academic books (_ =61). The results according to the usefulness of the inventory for diagnostic and intervention purposes are discussed.


This commentary essay examines several individuals who wrote books for children and made claims to Native identity that are fraudulent, or otherwise problematic. Asa Carter, for example, posed as a Cherokee named "Forrest Carter" and published The Education of Little Tree, put forth as the autobiography of someone who had been on the Trail of Tears. So popular that it was published in Korean, Turkish, Czeck, Slovenian, and Spanish, in 1997 Little Tree became a feature film. Although the author's fraud was exposed in The New York Times, the book continues to be published. Jamake Highwater, posing as a Blackfoot/Cherokee, won the most prestigious children's literature award, the Newbery Honor given by the American Library Association, for Anpao: An American Indian Odyssey, in 1978. Paul Goble is a British writer who loved American Indian stories so much that he moved to the United States to live near Plains tribes, where he was given a Native name. Both that name and the ways he spoke of the gift led people to believe that he had been adopted into the Lakota tribe. Like Carter and Highwater, but more prolific, Goble's books sell well in a market that retains narrow and stereotypical views of Native peoples. The essay concludes by discussing the ways that the works of Carter, Highwater, and Goble impact publishing today.


Originated in the second half of the XlXth century, the issue of modernization caused in interwar Romania countless debates. Their core was the relationship between the internal (local) vs. the external (regional and global) standards of national development. Some of the most distinguished intellectuals of our country (Mihail Kogalniceanu, Titu Maiorescu, Ion Ghica, Mihai Eminescu, Constantin Radulescu-Motru, Eugen Lovinescu and others) hold the position that European civilization is a compulsory model for the national development, but only if adapted to fit the national framework. The theoretical model of shaping the Romanian Modern civilization claimed its origins of the European spirit; nevertheless, according to this position, the localism (national conditions) must prevail, even if linked to universality1.On the way of solving this complex and somehow enigmatic assumption, two main points have been made: the first one defended the idea that European and universal values must be promoted by adopting tale quale the whole of modern institutions; the second one stresses that, before doing so, we have to create great national values, comparable to those universally known and accepted. The "Europeanists" saw Romanian nation's development through the advantages of the "imported" civilization, whilst the "nationalists" imagined the process of internal national development toward a European (and universal) civilization2. Both sides saw similarly the whole picture, but each one of them conceived the process of its realization differently and opposed to the other.At the time, the main conflict in the Romanian public space was the one between the rationalism promoted by literature and press, and the formal rationality based on science and technology, generating a contradiction between humanistic culture and technological civilization. It reflected, in fact, the two sides of the problem: the organic (local/ national) rationalism and the formal (European, universal) rationality3. This was the continuation of a former XlXth century debate on Romanians' need to build a modern civilization, by synchronizing their culture and civilization with the Western European achievements.The famous Romanian interwar debates on the specific of the national culture have been led by the then young generation of our country, since all the issues mentioned above were perceived as acutely concerning and needing solutions from intellectuals belonging to the humanistic culture. At that time, this made the substance of an intense and polemic activity which has largely contributed to the definition of the intellectual profile of Mircea Eliade, MirceaVulcanescu, Constantin Noica, Emil Cioran et alii. Among them, Constantin Noica (1908-1987)4 nurtured a spiritual-complex view on the subject-matter, which one can see these days as an obvious outcome of his philosophical consciousness. Thus, Noica did understand to affirm his creed about the present and the future of the Romanian culture, asserting that it requires "intellectual, writing and creative joint forces around the scope-value of shaping and transforming our culture of survival into a valuable competitive culture, voluntarily evolving in harmony with the model imposed to the whole world by the great Occidental cultures"5.Our point is that, when speaking about synchronization of the Romanian culture, Noica had in sight not only the criterion of time, but also the criterion oi space; furthermore, in his later years, he strongly values the last one and makes it a basic idea of his view. Indeed, he used to write much about the significance of the great moments in the Romanian history, about how must have been these perceived by their contemporaries as well as how their spiritual meaning should be assessed by the posterity. We believe that, nevertheless, his assumptions had to shift from time to space, in as much as he made his plea for a "today Romania" which eventually should overtake the "historical Romania". …


In this study, the effect of the implant shape on fatigue behavior was investigated with the finite element method. The implant material used was Ti6Al4V. The examination focus on the effect on the implant life with respect to changes in the crest and root dimension, thread depth, thread pitch, implant length, implant diameter, chamfer length, chamfer radius, and groove length to implant length ratio. Models were subjected to fatigue analysis according to ISO 14801 standard with ANSYS finite element software. The mean stress correction theory is chosen in fatigue life solutions. As a result, the parameters seen to have the most effect on dental implant fatigue behavior were the implant length and diameter. The parameters with the most effect on the implant screw fatigue were pitch and the height of the tooth.


This paper analyzes the characteristics of medical equipment's preventive maintenance, and it expounds the objective and methods of introducing risk management to medical equipment's preventive maintenance,what's more,the problem of establishment object and cycle of preventive maintenance was solved scientifically.


Abstract I aim to examine two questions. First, whether 'folk psychology' is a kind of theory and, second, more seriously, how are we to understand the system of principles of folk psychology. As to the first, there is a confusion between 'theory' and 'science'. Much of the debate ignores the differences between these, and I argue that whereas folk psychology cannot be called a science there are grounds for calling it a theory. On the more serious question of interpretation, I review the general considerations against instrumentalism and argue that they do not apply to folk psychology. The instrumentalist construal of folk psychology is strengthened by the remarkable fact that folk psychology is guaranteed to be successfully applicable to almost any system that has evolved under natural selection. Thus one can maintain that folk psychology is in fact a codification of certain quite general principles of evolutionary theory, and thus is an ancient and brilliant instrument for explaining the behaviour of co...


The investigations of vibration-rotation spectra of deuterated water vapor are of great importance for the determination of intramolecular potential function, studies of molecular dynamics in excited states, and for some applications in atmospheric optics. In the present paper, the absorption spectrum of HD16O at 2 micrometers is investigated with a Fourier- transform spectrometer at a spectral resolution 0.0098 cm-1; energy levels and rotational constants of (011) vibrational state are determined.


Binocular stereo cues are important for discriminating 3D surface orientation, especially at near distances. We devised a single-interval task where observers discriminated the slant of a densely textured planar test surface relative to a textured planar surround reference surface. Although surfaces were rendered with correct perspective, the stimuli were designed so that the binocular cues dominated performance. Slant discrimination performance was measured as a function of the reference slant and the level of uncorrelated white noise added to the test-plane images in the left and right eye. We compared human performance with an approximate ideal observer (planar cross correlation, PCC) and two sub-ideal observers. The PCC observer uses the image in one eye and back projection to predict the test image in the other eye for all possible slants, tilts, and distances. The estimated slant, tilt, and distance are determined by the prediction that most closely matches the measured image in the other eye. The first sub-ideal observer (local PCC, LPCC) applies planar cross correlation over local neighborhoods and then pools estimates across the test plane. The second sub-optimal observer (standard cross correlation, SCC), uses only positional disparity information. We find that the ideal observer (PCC) and the first sub-ideal observer (LPCC) outperform the second sub-ideal observer (SCC), demonstrating the benefits of structural disparities. We also find that all three model observers can account for human performance, if two free parameters are included: a fixed small level of internal estimation noise, and a fixed overall efficiency scalar on slant discriminability. Precis We measured human stereo slant discrimination thresholds for accurately-rendered textured surfaces designed so that performance is dominated by binocular-disparity cues. We compared human performance with an approximate ideal observer and two sub-ideal observers.


The five minutes' price series data of SH300 index futures and SH300 index are empirically analyzed using regressive models of jump variables and jump spillover contribution models in order to investigate jump diffusion and information content of stock index futures and its spot markets in China.The empirical results show that there are significant jumps and clustering characters of jumps in futures and spot separately.Correspondingly,the jump frequency in stock markets is larger than those of stock index futures market.There exist significant bidirectional and often unidirectional relations,where the synchronous relation are evidently stronger than that of non-synchronous,between futures and spot markets in synchronous and non-synchronous jump returns(jump volatilities) series,respectively.Furthermore,the reflections of futures from spot will be advance in both jump returns and jump volatilities,and vice versa.In addition,the impacts of futures on spot are more than the other way around and the impacts are unsymmetrical.Despite the jumps in both markets are very sparse,the information contents of jump spillovers are much more.


The tethered satellite control mechanisms consist of four major subsystems. The reel drive mechanism stores the tether. It is motor driven and includes a level wind to uniformly feed the tether to the reel. The lower boom mechanism serves two primary functions: (1) it measures tether length and velocity as the tether runs through the mechanism, and (2) it reads the tether tension at the reel. It also provides change the direction for the tether from the reel to the upper boom mechanism. The deployment boom positions the upper boom mechanism with satellite out of the cargo bay. The deployment function places the 500-kg satellite 20 m away from the Space Shuttle (producing a small natural gravity gradient force), impacts an initial velocity to the satellite for deployment, and allows for satellite docking at a safe distance from the body of the Space Shuttle. The upper boom mechanism (UBM) services three functions: (1) it provides tether control to the satellite as the satellite swings in and out of plane; (2) it reads tether tension in the low range during the early deployment and final retrieval parts of the mission; and (3) it produces additional tether tension at the reel when tether tension to the satellite is in the low range.


ix Introduction 1 The Heterogeneity of Antisocial Behavior 1 DSM Diagnoses of Antisocial Behavior.. 2 Additional Definitions of Antisocial Behavior. 4 Gender Differences in Antisocial Behavior. 9 Developmental Trajectories of Antisocial Behavior 10 Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan 10 Substance Use Disorders and Antisocial Behavior 12 Causes of Antisocial Behavior 13 Genetic and Environmental Influences on Antisocial Behavior 13 Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Domains of Antisocial Behavior 15 Reasons for Variability 16 Age. 16 The Current Study 18 Methods 19 Participants & Procedure 19 Measures 20 Analyses 22 Factor Analyses 22 Bivariate Modeling 23 Person-Centered Approach 24 Results 25 Descriptive Statistics 25 Factor Analyses 27 Bivariate Analyses 30 Person-Centered Approach 43 Discussion 51 Prevalence Rates. 52 Factor Analyses. 53


Electron diffraction patterns of liquid polyethylene have been obtained at 140 and 200 °C in the ranges s =0.75 to 23 A−1 and 1.25 to 20 A−1, respectively. These data have been utilized to derive radial distribution functions, which at distances above roughly 20 A show little detail. It was concluded that, since errors never smooth Fourier transforms, the polyethylene melts have a high degree of structural randomness and that conclusions to the contrary derived from diffraction studies must be met with great caution.


In an attempt to find genes that may be of importance in malignant progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the Middle East, which therefore can be targeted in cancer therapy, we screened and validated the global gene expression in PTC using cDNA expression arrays and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tumour tissue microarrays. Twenty‐nine PTC tissue specimens were compared with seven non‐cancerous thyroid specimens by use of cDNA microarray. Results for selected genes were confirmed by quantitative real‐time PCR. Protein expression of selected genes was further studied using a tissue microarray consisting of 536 PTCs and compared with histologically non‐cancerous tissue samples. One hundred and ninety‐six genes were overexpressed in PTC tissues relative to non‐cancerous thyroid tissues. The genes that were up‐regulated in PTC were involved in cell cycle regulation, cell signaling, and oncogenesis. Among these genes, c‐MET was identified by immunohistochemical methods as a protein that is overexpressed in 37% of PTCs and was significantly associated with more aggressive behaviour, eg higher stage, nodal involvement, and tall cell variant (p value = 0.01, 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). In this study, 55% of the PTC cases expressed activated AKT (P‐AKT), which suggests that activated AKT may play an important role in PTC tumourigenesis. The fact that most of the PTC cases that had activated AKT showed overexpression of c‐MET (p = 0.027) leads us to hypothesize that c‐MET may be an alternative mechanism of AKT activation in Middle Eastern PTCs. Finally, our data suggest that c‐MET dysregulation is associated with aggressive behaviour and may serve as a molecular biomarker and potential therapeutic target in this disease. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Annual drawdown of crayfish culture ponds to plant forage crops also serves to eradicate most predaceous finfish. Without annual drawdown predaceous fish populations may reach numbers that can significantly reduce the crayfish crop. Frequent drawdown may not be feasible or desirable in some management schemes. Evidence in the literature suggests that differential toxicity of rotenone would allow removal of fish without harming crayfish in the same pond. In the current study, laboratory and in situ acute toxicity bioassays (96 h) were conducted with 5% non-synergized emulsifiable rotenone to define the maximum non-lethal concentration (LC100) for white river crayfish Procambarus acutus acutus and the minimum lethal concentration (LC100) for white perch Morone americana. Six concentration levels of rotenone formulation were tested in each of six toxicity trials with crayfish using dechlorinated tap water at 21–25 C. LC0 (compensated for control mortality) was determined to be 3.0 mg/L. Significant crayfish mortality began at 4.0 mg/L. Acute toxicity to white perch was anticipated to be within recommended concentration levels on product label for similar fish, and was corroborated by laboratory bioassay (LC100 of 0.15 mg/L). Both species were then tested together in laboratory aquaria utilizing pond water at room temperature. Concentration levels of 0.05–2.5 mg/L killed all white perch with no crayfish mortality. In the final phase of the study a 1.0 mg/L concentration of rotenone was applied to a pond containing both species held in cages. All white perch were dead within 24 h; no crayfish mortality was observed for the 96-h duration of the trial. It may therefore be possible to use this rotenone formulation to control white perch and other finfish in active crayfish culture ponds.


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American Journal of Philology. Whole No. 60. Dec. 1894. Agglutination and Adaptation / . , E. W. Fay. An attempt to trace some of the agglutinative processes of the Aryan language out of which the inflections of the derived languages were developed. Critical Notes on Plato's Laws IV.-VI., W. R. Paton. Notes prompted by Mr. Conybeare's study of the Armenian version [see A.J.P. xiv. 335 and xv. 31], and tending to strengthen, from internal evidence, his confidence in the value of that version. The versification of the old English poem Phoenix, M. R. Bradshaw. New suggestions on the Ciris, Robinson Ellis. These are notes jnstifying Prof. Ellis' new text of the Ciris for Postgate's Corpus Poetarum Latinornm, and are a sequel to the writer's two previous arti es in vol. viii. of this Review. Next come some Corrections and Additions to Schmalz's Latcinische Syntax, by W. P. Mustard, and a Note on the etymology of even (evening), which J. A. Harrison considers to mean the time of the ebbing, waning, light. There is a review, by H. Oertel, of Smyth's Sounds and Inflections of the Greek Dialects. • Ionic. ' To those whose work is in the text-criticism of the various Ionic writers the author has here given a firm basis on which to stand.' Prof. Gildersleeve gives one of his interesting and characteristic dissertations on Pindar in a favourable review of Fraccaroli's Ze Odi di Pindaro, and Jurenka's Ueber die Wichtigkeit, die gegenwdrtigen Ruhtungen und die Aufgaben der PindarStudien, and the same writer's Novae lectiones Pindaricae. There are Brief Mentions of Prof. Robinson Ellis' Inaugural Lecture on the Fables of Phaedrus, the use of rp6vtp and rpfaov, Tozer's Selections from Strabo, and vol. 2 of the Studi italiani difllologia classica (1894).


This article employs two tranches of qualitative research conducted in 1997–1998 and 2007–2009 on five low income social housing estates in three Irish cities to explore the trajectories they followed in terms of their ability to attract and retain residents. Four factors are identified as particularly significant in this regard: social order and disorder, community cohesion, neighbourhood life cycle and institutional strategies and capacities. Whereas the quality of the built environment and disadvantage had no clear primary impact on demand, the conclusions identify the implications of the analysis for the literature on neighbourhood change and for planning, housing and neighbourhood regeneration policy in Ireland and internationally.


Isolated abnormalities of pursuit gaze were studied in 8 patients with unilateral acute (hemorrhage) or chronic (tumor) lesions of the parieto-occipital lobes. Ipsilateral pursuit was impaired in all patients, being superimposed with cogwheel saccades. Foveal pursuit was more disturbed than full-field pursuit. Impairment of contralateral pursuit was observed in all patients, but was severe only after acute involvement of the nondominant hemisphere. These findings provide further evidence for some asymmetric organization of hemispheric command of ocular movements. In these patients with hemianopia, the bilateral alterations of pursuit gaze probably correspond to an inter- and intrahemispheric disconnection syndrome.


In contrast to the debate on nuclear power and genetically altered food, the public doesn't yet view the manufacturing strategies of biodiesel as a noteworthy hazard. For every 100 gallons of biodiesel produced, 5–10 gallons of the less glamorous crude glycerol are left behind with a sparking debate about the best uses of this waste. This impure form of glycerol must either be disposed off or sold off to market for a minimal amount due to the free fatty acids, water, methanol, and salt content. At present, most of it is simply incinerated. Well that doesn't make biodiesel a clean alternative energy anymore. The utilization of a crude glycerol to produce value–added products provides areas of opportunity where it would be possible to capitalize on the surplus of waste glycerol. In this context, glycerol which promises to be a good substrate for microbial production of 1,3-propanediol, changes the perception of glycerol as being an industrial waste. The present work necessitates to evaluate the possibility of capitalizing on the surplus glycerol by converting it into 1,3-propanediol. In this respect, more then 200 bacterial strains were screened out, to identify their ability to convert glycerol to 1,3-propanediol anaerobically. One of the potent strain which produces 1,3-propanediol was identified as Citrobacter freundii. Various raw and pretreated glycerol types were obtained from biodiesel production processes, used as a substrate to produce 1,3-propanediol in batch fermentation. Production and growth inhibition of C. freundii using different grades of glycerol were evaluated. In order to optimize the production, parametric optimization was carried out to fetch out the best parametric combination. Further, the process was scaled up to 30 L fermentor in which the final yield of 1,3-propanediol reached to maximum of 28.0g/l under anaerobic condition.


Previous research has shown that stock market returns appear to be associated with variations in the incidence of seasonal affective disorder, SAD, during the fall and winter. The medical and psychology literatures have clinically established a positive relationship between the length of night and depression through the seasons, as well as a positive relationship between depression and risk aversion. A seasonal pattern exists in stock returns, consistent with SAD-influenced individuals buying and selling risky assets in response to changes in their levels of risk aversion caused by seasonal depression. The present paper considers whether SAD is associated with seasonalities in other financial markets, specifically returns on government bonds, returns on stock portfolios of different risk classes, and flows of capital into and out of mutual funds of different risk. We show statistically and economically significant evidence from considering these other measures, consistent with a widespread, SAD-influenced seasonal movement of investment funds into and out of various investment vehicles. In a recent paper, Kamstra, Kramer, and Levi (2003, henceforth KKL) show that there is an economically and statistically significant seasonal regularity in stock market returns that is consistent with the influence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) on investors during the fall and winter. Specifically, KKL argue that stock returns are influenced when many people are suffering from depression due to SAD, or the milder "winter blues," as a result of increased length of night (or equivalently, reduced length of day) in the fall and winter. Clinical and experimental studies in the medical, psychology, and economics literatures indicate that seasonal reduction in hours of daylight leads to depression for many people, and further studies show depression leads to heightened risk aversion. KKL hypothesize that increased risk aversion among SAD-affected investors in the fall causes those investors to sell risky stock, and then investors resume risky holdings with the reduction in risk aversion that comes with increasingly abundant daylight in the new year. KKL find a striking annual cycle in international stock market returns consistent with their hypothesis, even after controlling for established market seasonalities such as tax-loss selling and potentially relevant environmental factors such as temperature and cloud cover. Stock market returns are lowest on average during the fall months when the number of hours of daylight is falling toward its annual minimum. Mean stock returns are then highest as daylight becomes more plentiful in the new year. In addition, the annual stock market return cycle due to SAD has greater amplitude at higher latitudes where the variations in length of night across seasons are greatest. Furthermore, the patterns in stock returns in Northern versus Southern Hemisphere markets are six months out of phase, as are the seasons. If the SAD / depression / risk aversion hypothesis is correct, seasonal patterns should exist in other markets. For instance, the returns on relatively safe government bond indices should display a reverse seasonal relative to stock returns; the seasonal pattern in stock returns should be more pronounced in risker classes of stocks; and there should be evidence of a seasonal pattern in the flow of funds between risky and safe assets. The underlying returns model in which seasonality in equity and bond returns are the


BACKGROUND To observe the therapeutic effects of suturing meniscal tears under the arthroscopes of knee.CASE REPORTS 63 patients with varied types of meniscal tears diagnosed under the arthroscopes of knee were performed by suturing meniscal tears with three different kinds of method,and followed up for 6~24 months.Lysholm Ⅱ rating system was used to evaluated the function of knee and the level of movement.The mean of Lysholm-Ⅱ score was 48.6 points before operation and 90.5 points after operation,and the difference was significant between before and after operation.DISCUSSIONS Using one or diverse kinds of suturing methods may shorten the operating time and improve therapeutic effect.


Abstract Carbon tetrachloride has been used for years as the standard compound for evaluating the adsorption capacity of charcoal. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is mandated under 42 CFR 84 to test organic vapor/gas cartridge and canister breakthrough characteristics against carbon tetrachloride. However, due to carbon tetrachloride's toxicity and potential lack of commercial availability, a substitute test agent is desirable. Screening tests employing ethyl acetate, pentane, n-hexane, and heptane have been completed and published on negative-pressure organic vapor respirator cartridges. Two test conditions (550 ppm pentane and 1000 ppm n-hexane) were selected for limited side-by-side testing with the 42 CFR 84 test criterion of 1000 ppm carbon tetrachloride. This article presents previously unpublished cartridge breakthrough time data on negative-pressure and powered air-purifying respirator organic vapor cartridges. The data were generated to establish a correlation between po...


Remanufacturing is a process that transforms old parts into new or better parts. Consumers can gain the value of new products in a cost effective manner, and manufacturing enterprises can gain more profit by cutting the raw material and energy cost. Domestic remanufacturing industry is still in the starting phase. Recently the government has implemented new laws to stimulate the remanufacturing industry, but consumer"s trust is still vague and the relationship between new product manufacturers and remanufacturing enterprises is not promising. We would like to take example from the US and Europe where re-manufacturing is already active, and find out the applicable solutions for that structure problems.


Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to identify inpatient rehabilitation quality-of-care concepts that are best understood from the patient perspective. Design We conducted 12 focus groups with 95 former patients, caregivers, and rehabilitation clinicians and asked them to describe high-quality inpatient rehabilitation care. Methods We independently reviewed the focus group transcripts and then used an iterative process to identify the quality measure concepts identified by participants. Results Based on participants' comments, we identified 18 quality measure concepts: respect and dignity, clinician communication with patient, clinician communication with family, organizational culture, clinician engagement with patient, clinician engagement with family, rehabilitation goals, staff expertise, responsiveness, patient safety, physical environment, care coordination, discharge planning, patient and family education, peer support, symptom management (pain, anxiety, fatigue, sadness), sleep, and functioning. Clinical Relevance to the Practice of Rehabilitation Nursing Rehabilitation nurses should be aware of the quality-of-care issues that are important to patients and their caregivers. Conclusion Important patient-reported domains of quality of care include interpersonal relationships, patient and family engagement, care planning and delivery, access to support, and quality of life.


The invention provides a protective plate for an elevator which can not only ensure the predetermined strength, but also suppress the decline of the transport efficiency. The protective plate (15) of the elevator includes first rack members (18) installed on a lifting channel wall, second rack members (19) disposed between the first rack members (18) arranged in pairs in the wide direction, and a stiffening member and a main member (17) of which upper and lower ends are fixed between the second rack members (19) arranged in pairs along a horizontal direction in disassembly manner. The main member (17) is installed between the second rack members (19) arranged in pairs along the horizontal direction, and have a platelike face which is configured to parallel to the moving direction of an elevator car.


According to the lab data on groundwater samples during two tidal cycles from monitoring wells J1 and J2 along eastern coast of Leizhou Peninsular,the paper analyzed the anion Br-'s concentration,variation and relationship with other main ions. The results demonstrate that Br-comes mainly from seawater intrusion,and the basic types of measured well are Na + K·Ca·Mg-Cl·SO4,and the types of J2 is Na + K·Ca·Mg-Cl·SO4·HCO3; the average content of Br-in J1 is 11. 69 ~ 14. 35mg /L and the concentration of Br-in J2 is almost half in J1's. Br-statistical characteristics every well change with the number of measurement. Combined with the ratio of Br-/Cl-and the invironment of measured well,it is thought that J1 primarily has sea-phase and J2 has river-sea phase in term of Br-/Cl-; Br-owns almost the same relative amplitudes with Cl-and SO42-,which show Br-also actively takes part in the process of seawater intrusion; the correlation of Br-with other ions also varies with wells and the ratio of Br-to Na+is the lowest among the ratio of Br-to cations. the highest is K+; the ratio of Br-to Mg2 +is in the meantime. The frequency in the region of milligram equivalent ratio chiefly appears the distribution forms of left lean,sharp peak and flat peak,especially in well J2,the ratio of γBr-/γK+is close to normal. The relativity of milligram equivalent ratio and mass equivalent ratio is consistent. The linear relationship between Br-/Na+and Br-/Cl-is good. The paper finally made linear LST fitness.


A discrete version of the Hilbert transform on the unit circle is considered. Its Moore--Penrose inverse with respect to suitable scalar products is derived for different side conditions. Furthermore, stability of the pseudo-inverse is studied. These results allow the efficient computation of approximate solutions of singular integral equations with Hilbert kernel. Furthermore, the stability analysis of such methods becomes much easier even for graded meshes which are useful for weakly singular solutions.


Although the discovery of the elephantine mentioned in the title of the present contribution dates from the early days of collecting in the Siwalik Hills (Falconer and Cautley, 1845, pl. 2 figs. 5a, 5b, as Elephas planifrons the stratigraphical position of this species within the tremendously thick Siwalik series of continental deposits was first settled only in 1913, when Pilgrim wrote: "There is absolutely no trace of Elephas either in the Middle Siwalik or in the Tatrot zone of the Upper Siwalik. It first appears as the species Elephas planifrons some 2,000 feet above the base of the Tatrot zone" (Pilgrim, 1913, p. 294), that is, within the Pinjor zone. Hence, Pilgrim (1. c., pl. 26) assigns Archidiskodon planifrons (Falconer et Cautley) to the Pinjor zone of the Upper Siwaliks. Meanwhile, molars indistinguishable from those of the Siwalik A. planifrons had been discovered in Bessarabia, Southern Russia (Pavlow, 1910, p. 27, pl. I fig. 23) and in Lower Austria (Schlesinger, 1912, p. 89), in strata which were then considered to be approximately of Upper and of Middle Pliocene age respectively. In accordance with this, Pilgrim (l.c., p. 323) regards the Pinjor zone as Middle to Upper Pliocene, and the underlying Tatrot zone, the basal beds of the Upper Siwaliks, as Lower Pliocene. However, he states further that, if some subsequent discovery should bring to light a specimen of A. planifrons in the basal beds of the Upper Siwaliks, it would then be impossible to regard the Tatrot zone as much older than the occurrences of this species in Europe (l.c., p. 295). Unfortunately, the beautiful specimens of Archidiskodon planifrons collected in 1922 by Barnum Brown in the Upper Siwaliks around Kalka were loosely embedded in sand, occurring in gullies or depressions, and consequently are of uncertain stratigraphie position; yet Osborn (1942, pp. 950—959) regards these molars as having been derived from the Pinjor zone.


Functional vascular tissue engineering aims to produce blood vessels in vitro in a controlled environment named bioreactor. In order to control the growth and remodeling of vascular tissues, suitable measurements should be made on the construct in situ, i.e. during the growth. These measurements will feed the controller with information in order to take efficient control decisions. The non-destructive measurement of compliance or elastic modulus in vitro is a potential indicator of the vascular construct maturity. This work shows that compliance and elastic modulus are related: they can be estimated during the growth of constructs in a bioreactor, and thus provide useful feedback information to the controller.


Because Europe is characterized by the coexistence of several cultures whose characteristics have both similarities and differences but appreciable, the results of researchers in this regard are different from each other, this distinction is often made based on the prevailing values of that culture , which determines the orientation of the country for a certain system, management style or to a specific profile manager. A particularly important role in characterizing cultural factors play European management, each differing from the other culture as module in addressing various fundamental issues that characterize that society. These issues can be characterized by certain general cultural dimensions that Hofstede defines them as aspects of a culture that can be measured in relation to other cultures. The differences between management systems in European countries (mainly EU countries) in the context of this article, the study is based on four cultural dimensions of Hofstede model (power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, femininity vs. masculinity) and change scores recorded for these dimensions in each country. Dimensions considered primarily affect organizational culture which in turn significantly influence the development and performance of the organization and its members, management practices and policies.Data from Hofstede's study reinforce and support the claim that European countries can be grouped systematically cultural groups (Nordic countries, Latin, Germanic, Anglo-Saxon, Eastern Europe) that allow significant interpretation in terms of management organization, and that can speak of a typical single European culture but you can see all dimensions of cultural differences taken into account.


: Consider a robot that is navigating a graph-based environment and trying to figure out where it is at the moment. It can send a signal to determine how far away it is from every set of fixed landmarks. We address the problem of finding exactly the minimum number of landmarks required and their perfect placement to make sure the robot can always locate itself. The graph's metric dimension is the quantity of landmarks, and the graph's metric basis is the set of nodes on which they are distributed. The metric dimension of a graph is the smallest set of nodes needed to uniquely identify every other node using the shortest path distances. Optimization, network theory, navigation, pattern recognition, image processing, locating the origin of a spread in a network, canonically labeling graphs, and embedding symbolic data in low-dimensional Euclidean spaces are a few examples of applications for metric dimension. Also, Due to its many and varied applications in fields like social sciences, communications networks, algorithmic designs, and others, the study of dominance is the kind of metric dimension that is developing at the fastest rate. This survey provides a self-contained introduction to the metric dimension and an overview of several metric dimension results and applications. We also present algorithms for computing the metric dimension of families of graphs.


Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine and its more reactive derivative lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphide·2tetrahydrofuran are very useful reagents for the preparation of compounds with a single or a multiple element phosphorus bond. They react readily with various element halides, with carboxylic acid chlorides, and with carboxylic esters, as well as with other organic electrophiles via a substitution of lithium and/or a cleavage of the weak polar Si-P bonds.


Magnctic properties of series of compounds with Clb type of crystal structure (Cu, Ni)MnSb (Cu, Pd)MnSb and (Ni, Co)MnSb were studied. Substitutjon of either Ni or Pd for Cu in antiferromagnetic CuMnSb by a few per cent changes the magnetism into ferromagnet~sm, in spite of their opposlte effects on the lattice parameter. Co-existence of disordered phase makes the thermonlagnetic curves for (Ni, Co)MnSb complex. Experimental results show that Mn atoms are the only carrier of magnetic moment and that the conduction electron concentration plays an important r61e in the magnetism of Clb compounds.


It has come to our attention that this article, "Rheology, Morphology, and Estimation of the Interfacial Tension of Binary Blends Based on Low-Density Polyethylene/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and High-Density Polyethylene/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)" by A. A. Shokri and S. E. Zamani was previously published under the title, "Rheology, Morphology and Estimation of Interfacial Tension of LDPE/EVA and HDPE/EVA Blends" by H. A. Khonakdar, S. H. Jafari, A. Yavari, A. Asadinezhad, U. Wagenknecht, in Polymer Bulletin 54, 75–84 (2005), .

We have retracted the article, and offer our apologies to the authors of the original paper.


Universality of physical education and sports, performance, instability and their movement continues the biological and mental limits as yet unknown to man an obligation to reflections and analyses. No training stems from an agglomeration of facts and stories, but is a product of the effects caused by the action of a concentric objective and subjective factors. In the science of physical education and sport was an important step forward through the enumeration and measurement of these indicators, then recourse to the different processes of objectification and the interpretation of them.
            Physical education and sport are therefore pedagogic process through an educational methodology, through the principles of what it does and by mental effects found in behavioral plan, in the attitude of the practitioner.
Rezumat
Universalitatea educaţiei fizice si sportului,instabilitatea performanţelor, ca si deplasarea lor continuă către limite biologice si psihice incă necunoscute omului obligă la reflexii si analize. Instruirea nu izvorăste dintr-o aglomerare de fapte si intâmplări, ci reprezintă un produs al efectelor determinate de acţiunea concentrică a unor factori obiectivi si subiectivi. In stiinţa Educaţiei fizice si sportului s-a făcut un important pas inainte prin inventarierea si apoi măsurarea acestor indicatori, recurgându-se la diverse procedee de obiectivizare si interpretare a lor.
Educaţia fizica si sportul constituie prin urmare, un proces pedagogic prin metodologie, un act educativ, prin principiile ce-l structurează si prin efectele psihice surprinse in plan comportamental, in atitudinea practicantului.


The invention discloses a nutrition problem analysis model which comprises an image displaying module, a data acquiring module, a data analyzing and processing module and a database, wherein the database comprises basic data, evaluation standard data, calculating formula data and formula parameter setting data; the data acquiring module comprises a nutrition information input end, the nutrition information input end is connected with a data receiving submodule of the data analyzing and processing module, the data receiving submodule is connected with a data checking submodule, the data checking submodule is connected with a data processing submodule, the data processing submodule is connected with the database simultaneously, and the data processing submodule is further connected with the image displaying module. According to the nutrition problem analysis model, nutrition problems are settled and summarized into an image for performing visually processing, and a standard nutrition problem evaluation standard database is established, and convenient, complete and systematic visual analysis of nutrition problems is realized by means of data interaction and animation demonstration.


The invention discloses a method and a device for processing PDF (portable document format) files, and mobile communication equipment, and aims at solving the technical problem that PDF file editing cannot be performed in the mobile communication equipment. The method includes utilizing an own tool library of an operating system of the mobile communication equipment to appoint a PDF file generation position; generating a PDF file at the PDF file generation position. The PDF file is generated by utilizing the own tool library of the operating system of the mobile communication equipment, and content in the PDF file is edited by calling an editing function in the own tool library of the operating system of the mobile communication equipment, so that a function of generating and editing of the PDF file in the mobile communication equipment is realized, application range of the PDF is expanded, service range of the mobile communication equipment is widened, and user experience is improved.


Considering the run-out effect and cutting force coefficients, the cutting force profile of half immersion end-milling was analyzed in detail. The effects of three specific cutting-force coefficients and three edge-force coefficients are verified. Through a detailed investigation, it is proved that the radial cutting force coefficients and are the major factors which increase the cutting forces Fx and Fy in end-milling. However, the axial cutting force coefficients have no influence on the force Fx and Fy changes in end-milling. Also, the analyzed end-milling force model shows good consistency with the actual measured force with regard to Fx and Fy. Thus, this model can be used for the prediction of the force history in end-milling with run-out,and it incurs a different force history with different start and exit immersion angles as well as holding effects.


Ultrasonography is an integral part of contemporary bovine medicine. For most diagnostic work, a 3.5 MHz transducer provides adequate depth and good resolution. A 2.5 MHz transducer can be used to examine structures that are more than 20 cm from the abdominal wall; however, the resolution is poorer. Structures close to the surface of the body are examined with a 5.0, 7.5 or even 10.0 MHz transducer. In principle, the depth of penetration of the sound waves and the resolution are inversely related; a low frequency is associated with greater penetration and lower resolution, and vice versa. The hair in the area to be examined must be clipped. Further information about ultrasonography of internal organs in cattle may be found in a text 24 and in numerous publiccations. 16,17,37 In bovine medicine, ultrasonography is used to examine the following areas and organs: 1. Thorax Technique The lungs 18, 22 and heart 29,30,38 are examined by scanning both sides of the costal part of the abdominal wall using a 3.5 MHz linear (lungs) or sector transducer (heart). Indications


Objective To study the relationship between prevalence of anemia and dietary patterns of school children in plateau areas. Methods A dietary survey was conducted and determination of blood hemoglobin was performed among 552 schoolchildren. Results The prevalence of anemia was 42.6%, it was correlated with the consumption of iron, copper and beans. Conclusion School children in plateau areas should consume more foods rich in iron and copper, and beans for Prevention of anemia.


Correspondence: Daniel Forton Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St George's University of London, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom Tel +44 208 725 3520 Fax +44 208 725 3032 Email firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a spectrum of neuropsychiatric manifestations ranging from asymptomatic cognitive impairment, detectable only by sensitive neurocognitive tests, to overt HIV-associated dementia. Highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to significant reductions in the incidence of severe HIVassociated dementia. However, the overall prevalence of milder HIV-associated cognitive disorders appears to be increasing as HIV-infected subjects live longer in the era of combined antiretroviral treatments. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is also associated with neuropsychological symptoms and impaired cognitive performance in some patients, and recent evidence suggests that these central nervous system (CNS) symptoms may be caused by HCV entry into the brain via endothelial infection. Similarly to the neuropathological processes in HIV infection, microglial activation in HCV infected subjects may underlie the CNS metabolic abnormalities and impaired cognitive performance that have been described in studies of HCVinfected cohorts. A significant proportion of HIV-infected subjects are coinfected with HCV, but the impact and clinical importance of coinfection on cognitive function has only been addressed in a small number of research studies. There is some evidence that coinfection may adversely affect neurocognitive function; however, studies published thus far are limited by a number of confounding factors and small sample sizes. This article aims to review the current evidence examining neurocognitive function in HIVand HCV-monoinfection and further critically discusses previous studies that have explored the impact of coinfection with HCV on CNS function of HIV-infected cohorts. It is clear that, as the population of HIV-infected individuals ages and neurocognitive disorders persist in the post-combination antiretroviral treatment era, a better understanding of the neuropathological processes and improved characterization of deficits is required to allow development of better treatments. At the advent of interferon-free, directly acting antiviral therapies against HCV, this is increasingly important. The impact of CNS infection by these viruses remains poorly understood, both in terms of neurocognitive symptoms and as a potential mechanism for HCV virological relapse after treatment.


All imaginative play, all make-believe, is a process of transformation. Playing alters the world which the player inhabits; it creates a new space that overlays, interpenetrates, or replaces the "real" world. Make-believe can change the signification of the physical or geographical space, it can act as time-travel, it can alter the appearance and actions of others drawn into the playspace, it can rewrite virtually all the laws of science and nature. Perhaps most fundamentally, play transforms the player. Imaginative play empowers the player, allows her to shape and mold her surroundings, to create stories where none existed, or to overwrite or erase existing stories; it allows her to invent and inhabit alternative identities.
This project examines three places and spaces of play to consider the kinds of possibilities for transgression and transformation they engender. It begins with analysis of Disneyland, focusing on the park's origins and early reception, arguing that the park was always intended as a space for adults and children equally, and that the design of the park makes it a kind of toy or stage manipulable by visitors. Next, it analyzes Mister Rogers' Neighborhood by looking in depth at several key episodes of the program, examining the ways in which they represent alternatives or challenges to heteronormative culture, specifically concerning queer male identities. It also examines a sample of viewer mail sent to the program over a 35-year span as a means of thinking about divergent reception and potential effects of the program. Finally, it considers the children's writing of E. Nesbit, and the ways in which Nesbit creates a world in which play, especially theatrical play, is possible and important for both adults and children.

This project concludes by suggesting that positioning play as a materially-situated activity as well as a method of exploration or inquiry, opens up new ways to consider and challenge a variety of binary constructs, particularly that of the child and the adult.


Security of data transferred on the Wireless Sensor Network is of vital importance. In public key cryptography RSA algorithm has been used for a long time, but it does not meet the constraints of WSNs. Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC) has been employed recently because of its highest security for same length bit. ECC point multiplication operation is time consuming which affects the speed of encryption and decryption of data. Security in WSNs is addressed in our work, where a modified ECC is designed by performing the point multiplication using Montgomery multiplication technique that achieves considerable speed and with reduced area utilization. The ECC is first simulated on different FPGA devices, with key length 11, 112, 131 and 163 bits and the area-speed tradeoff is compared. ECC algorithm is implemented with software and hardware choosing Artix 7 XC7a100t-3csg324 FPGA which supports key lengths of 11, 112, 131 and 163 bits. When implemented on a Artix 7 FPGA, it completes 163 bit data encryption operation over GF(2 ) in 1ms with the maximum frequency of 229MHz. The ECC algorithm is reconfigurable with low level to high level security with different bit key sizes. The proposed ECC algorithm modeled using VHDL and synthesized on Spartan 3 and 6, Virtex 4, 5 and 6 and Artix7 before the hardware implementation on Atrix 7. The design satisfies the needs of resource constrained devices by decreasing the encryption and decryption time to 1 ms with equal keylength and datasize, while device utilization is within 13%. Keyword-Publlic key Cryptography, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Montgomery, Scalar Multiplica-tion, Wireless Sensor Networks, FPGA.


Containing the latest developments in one of the fastest growing fields in molecular biology, this monograph should help scientists construct designer human and mouse monoclonal antibodies using state-of-the-art technology. "Antibody Engineering" provides a complete overview of antibody structure, plant and mammalian expression vectors and hosts, recombinatorial cDNA libraries, PCR single-cell cloning and engineering of affinity and biological effector functions. Each chapter focuses on a particular aspect fo antibody engineering and is written by a leading expert in the field.


Objective To compare pain intensities during the first 24 h postoperatively in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy or myomectomy with sevoflurane,isoflurane or propofol anesthesia.Methods Ninety patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy or myomectomy were randomly assigned to 3 groups;there were 30 patients in each group.General anesthesia in group sevoflurane(Sevo),group isoflurane(Iso) and group propofol(Prop) was maintained with sevoflurane,isoflurane inhalation or propofol intravenous target controlled infusion(TCI) after intravenous induction and tracheal intubation.Numerical rating scale at rest(NRSrest),numerical rating scale cough(NRScough) and cumulative fentanyl consumption were recorded at 1,2,4,8 and 24 h after surgeries.Results Cumulative fentanyl consumption was not markedly different between the 3 groups at 1,2,4,8 or 24 h postoperatively(P0.05).NRSrest and NRScough in group Prop were significantly lower than those in groups Sevo and Iso 1 h postoperatively(P0.05);NRSrest and NRScough in group Prop were significantly lower than that in group Iso 2 h postoperatively(P0.05),but did not differ from that in group Sevo.NRS values at other time points were similar among the 3 groups.Conclusion General anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane,isoflurane inhalation or propofol intravenous perfusion have different effects on postoperative pain.Postoperative pain is much severe in general anesthesia with isoflurane and sevoflurane inhalation compared with propofol intravenous infusion.Moreover,postoperative pain is much severer and lasted longer with isoflurane anesthesia.(Shanghai Med J,2011,34: 735-738)


OFDM,MIMO and AMC technologies are used,so TD-LTE capacity planning is more complex.To speed up the RD and business processes,TD-LTE capacity planning technology must be studied. According to the project practice of network planning for TD-LTE system,the capacity capability and the basic principles of capacity planning in TD-LTE are introduced,the Influencing factors of TD-LTE Capacity Capability are analyzed,including allocation of resources,MIMO technology and frequency networking.The methods for throughput computing and capacity analysis are put forward. The conclusion provides reference for the research of TD-LTE network planning.


The theory of differential inequalities and the existence of solutions of a class of three-pointed boundary value problem for second order nonlinear differential equations are considered baseing on the existenced results.Then the results obtained is applied to research the singular perturbation differential equation of three-pointed boundary value problem for second order selinear differential equations.Furthermore,error estimate of the solution is gived.


Preoperative assessment of complex fistula-in-ano (FIA) is crucial for decision making. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used for assessment of perianal sepsis with various protocols and methods. The aim of the present study was to assess the concordance between MRI fistulography with gadopentate enhancement and the intraoperative surgical findings, and to study the impact of preoperative assessment with MRI on surgical outcomes including fistula recurrence and fecal incontinence (FI). Patients with complex and high FIA who were investigated by MRI fistulography preoperatively were reviewed. The concordance between the findings of MRI and the intraoperative findings on examination under anesthesia (EUA) was made using Kappa coefficient test. The accuracy and sensitivity of MRI were calculated regrading detection of the internal opening, primary and secondary fistula tracts. 95 patients (82% males) were included in the study. MRI fistulography had an accuracy of 89.4%, 96.8%, 96.8%, 98%, and 98% in detection of the internal opening, number of tracts, position of primary tract, secondary extensions, and presence of abscess cavities, respectively. Overall, there was very good concordance between MRI and EUA regarding the examined parameters (k= 0.847, 0.937, 0.908, 0.953, 0.957), respectively. Fistula recurrence and minor FI were recorded in 4.2% and 14.7% of patients. MRI fistulography is an effective diagnostic modality for the preoperative assessment of FIA. MRI had excellent accuracy and sensitivity in detection of the internal opening, primary tract, and secondary extensions of anal fistula with very good concordance with the intraoperative findings.


This paper is concerned with private enforcement of EU competition law. It revisits the old and (increasingly) established concepts of a 'system of parallel competences' and a 'community right to damages', as established by the European Court of Justice in BRT v. SABAM (1974) and Courage v. Crehan (2001) and through subsequent interpretation by academic commentators and the European Commission. The analysis reveals that the current understanding of these concepts is based on 'teleological retrodictions,' i.e. ex post rationalisations of judgments that are aimed at 'desirable' or 'logical' results. Such retrodictions lead to a path dependency, whereby the seemingly unstoppable 'strengthening' of private enforcement tends to create conflicts with public enforcement. These conflicts ultimately threaten to harm both public and private enforcement. It is only through a deconstruction of the twin concepts that one can clear the way for an internally coherent, functional interpretation of the relationship between 'public' and 'private' enforcement of the rules as a single, integrated system. The paper contains a postscript, with a first impression of the European Commission's proposal for a directive on damages claims, which was published in June 2013, shortly after the conclusion of the original paper.


Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is a rare inherited disorder which can cause bleeding complications especially in case of hemostatic challenge and/or in tissues with high fibrinolytic activity. A number of causative mutations have been described in FXI deficient individuals which have been detected by various screening methods. In this study, we present the application of the multitemperature single‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis (MSSCP) on the FXI gene, a recently developed methodology for the detection of single nucleotide exchanges. We analyzed a total of 217 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragments from the promoter region as well as from exons 1–7 and 11–15 and compared the results to automatic fluorescent sequencing. A total of 29 PCR fragments showed single nucleotide exchanges in conventional fluorescent sequencing, representing 10 different mutations (nine missense mutations, one small deletion) and four frequent polymorphisms. With MSSCP electrophoresis at a standard temperature profile (gel temperature 35–20–10°C) we were able to detect 13 of 14 (93%) different nucleotide exchanges in 25 of 29 PCR fragments (86%). Hence, the detection rate for genetic variations in the FXI gene was 86%. To evaluate the reproducibility, MSSCP was performed twice for 174 PCR fragments and the consistency between two electrophoretic runs was 99%. We conclude that the MSSCP is a sensitive, fast, and cost effective screening method for the detection of FXI gene mutations. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 19:233–240, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Nitrogen re-mobilization and changes in free amino acids were studied as a function of time in leaves, stubble, and roots during ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) re-growth. Experiments with 15N labelling clearly showed that during the first days nearly all the nitrogen in new leaves came from organic nitrogen re-mobilized from roots and stubble. On the days of defoliation, stubble had the highest content of free amino acids with 23 mg per g dry weight against 15 mg and 14 mg in leaves and roots, respectively. The major amino acids in leaves were asparagine (23% of total content in free amino acids), aminobutyrate, serine, glutamine, and glutamate (between 7% and 15%) whereas in roots and stubble the contribution of amides was high, especially asparagine (about 50%). Re-growth after cutting was associated with a rapid increase of the free amino acid content in leaves, with a progressive decrease in roots while stubble content remained virtually unchanged. In leaves, asparagine increased from the first day of re-growth, while the aspartate level remained unchanged and glutamine increased strongly on the first day but decreased steadily during the next few days of re-growth. Asparagine in stubble and roots changed in opposite directions: in stubble it tended to increase whereas in roots it clearly decreased. In contrast, stubble and roots showed a similar decrease in glutamine. In these two plant parts, as in leaves, aspartate remained at a low level. Results concerning free amino acids are discussed with reference to nitrogen re-mobilization from source organs (stubble and roots) to the sink organ (regrowing leaves).


Since it was carried out a decade ago, hundreds of studies have been based on the Spanish 'National Survey of Immigrants' (ENI 2007), the largest ever conducted in this country. However, the present research about the Moroccan diaspora living in Spain reveals significant inconsistences in the ENI's data, rooted in the sampling overestimation of previous immigration flows and the underestimation of more recent arrivals. Such bias affects the values of many variables dependent on the length of time spent in the host country, and distorts the published statistical profile of Moroccan immigrants, as well as those of other groups of foreign origin. In this period of high tensions over immigration in Western countries, where statistical accuracy is key instrument to study minorities and to implement appropriate public policies for them.


We study, via Γ-convergence, the homogenization in L∞ of supremal functionals of the form . We prove that the homogenized problem is still supremal and its energy density is given by a cell-problem formula.


The Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT) is a public footpath that spans more than 2.000 miles of Appalachian Mountain ridgelines. It stretches from Mount Katahdin in Maine to Springer Mountain in Georgia and passes through twelve other states along the way. It is estimated that the AT lies within a day's drive of over half the country's population. Thus, the AT is in close proximity to some of our nation's most densely populated areas.


Ceramic or metal injection molding involves the shaping of a crowded suspension of particles in a polymer that is later removed by thermolysis. During heating, degradation products dissolve in the parent polymer and diffuse to the free surfaces where evaporation occurs. if heated too rapidly in the initial stage, the solution at the center of the molding boils and a bubble forms. This article explores the implications of a multiparameter model that predicts the highest permissible heating rate in terms of polymer properties and maps the outcome. The aim is to develop criteria for the deliberate synthesis of thermally labile copolymers from a knowledge of the desirable property combinations. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Twenty-two cases of occult intraosseous fracture in the region of the knee are presented. Occult intraos seous fractures have been incidentally detected in the magnetic resonance (MR) evaluation of the knee in the setting of a recent physical injury and normal radio graphic studies. There is no unique mechanism of in jury, but occult intraosseous fracture presumably re sults from direct impaction or axial overloading. MR shows speckled or band-like areas of low signal in the intramedullary space of the epiphyses, and occasion ally, the adjacent metaphyses. In most cases, T2- weighted images show high signal in corresponding regions of variable size. The relative extent of high signal findings is shown to vary significantly with the age of injury. Individual variability within groups, how ever, precludes the actual prediction of lesion age on the basis of the MR appearance. Our observations provide indirect evidence that the findings on T2- weighted images resolve earlier than the corresponding findings on T1-weighted or proton density images. The primary differential diagnosis in cases of occult intraos seous fracture is stress fracture. The diagnosis of oc cult intraosseous fracture may be important in explain ing persistent pain after injury in otherwise normal knees.


In this essay, the author analyzes the Ontario Court of Appeal decision in R. v Humaid, a judgment which illustrates the risks associated with cultural and religious claims in the criminal courts. Humaid offers a complex entry point into the current state of the "ordinary person" test, a pivotal aspect of provocation doctrine. The decision raises questions about "ordinariness", "Canadian values", "cultural" identity, "cultural" expertise, and gender equality. The author argues that Humaid exposes the "cultural politics" of the ordinary person standard, in the same way that the decisions in Stone and Thibert exposed the gender politics of the defence.The essay focuses on three aspects of the Court's analysis: (1) the presentation and assessment of the cultural evidence; (2) the substantive evaluation of the cultural claim as an aspect of the objective test; and (3) the Court's decision to sidestep the key doctrinal question the relevance of cultural and religious identity to the construction of the "ordinary person." The author suggests that the Court's failure to take account of substantive equality values in its assessment of the "ordinary person, test allows it to avoid examining the challenges inherent in attending to cultural and religious diversity within the criminal law. This failure is especially troubling in our increasingly diverse courtrooms, where issues of religious and cultural identity are frequently raised.


This paper reports on two measurement campaigns aimed at investigating the importance of atmospheric variability in several applications, including passive radar. First, UHF wide-band spectrometry analyses seek to quantify diurnal statistics, power series correlation, and signal reliability. Second, long-term radar detection data further enhances the understanding of how this variability affects both clutter and moving targets. Results demonstrate the dynamic nature of the illumination environment as well as enhancement of clutter and targets. Beyond ducting enhancement, phenomena seen in the data include station dropout, unexpected illuminators, rainstorms echoes, and other unexplained diurnal features.


Based on fracture analysis, the fracture on the frozen shaft wall in the melting stage is detected. The influence of thermal stress and vulnerable layer on the shaft wall strength is investigated. The stress formulae and strength criterion are established. An example is provided to verify the theory in present paper.


The pediatric Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) is a sequence of ultrasound views rapidly performed by the clinician to diagnose hemorrhage. One limitation of FAST is inconsistent acquisition of required views. We sought to develop a deep learning model and classify FAST views using a heterogeneous dataset of pediatric FAST. This study of diagnostic test developed and tested a deep learning model for view classification of archived real-world pediatric FAST studies collected from two pediatric emergency departments. FAST frames were randomly distributed to training, validation, and test datasets in a 70:20:10 ratio; each patient was represented in only one dataset to maintain sample independence. The outcome was the prediction accuracy of the model in classifying FAST frames and video clips. FAST studies performed by 30 different clinicians from 699 injured children included 4,925 videos representing 1,062,612 frames from children who were a median of 9 years old. On test dataset, the overall view classification accuracy for the model was 93.4% (95% CI: 93.3-93.6) for frames and 97.8% (95% CI: 96.0-99.0) for video clips. Frames were correctly classified with an accuracy of 96.0% (95% CI: 95.9-96.1) for cardiac, 99.8% (95% CI: 99.8-99.8) for thoracic, 95.2% (95% CI: 95.0-95.3) for abdominal upper quadrants, and 95.9% (95% CI: 95.8-96.0) for suprapubic. A deep learning model can be developed to accurately classify pediatric FAST views. Accurate view classification is the important first step to support developing a consistent and accurate multi-stage deep learning model for pediatric FAST interpretation.


24 Balsam Drive, Huntington Station, New York 11746-77°2 516-427-3569 Performers." He recounted some of the formative moments of his musical career and profusely thanked us for our commitment to the continuation of the art. He strongly urged studio string teachers to give more attention to orchestral repertoire with students, offering as evidence his observations of auditions for positions with professional orchestras. At the panel discussion concluding the conference, Doan showed a videotape developed by MENC to illustrate the opportunities and rewards of a career as a string educator. It was highly effective and realistic. I strongly recommend that anybody involved with students who might consider careers as string educators either purchase the videotape from MENC or borrow it from the ASTA video library. Thomas Morehouse contributed greatly to the panel discussion with the results of his research into the causes of dropouts from string programs. He is an experienced string educator and performing cellist and has recently been appointed director of the University of Connecticut Arts Outreach Program. As a result of the great success and stimulation of this year's conference, plans are already being made for another conference next year. Clinicians andhard-working CT-ASTA members pause with a smile.


Abstract : The Shoreline Stabilization and Wetland Restoration Project was a cooperative effort between the United States Air Force, Langley Air Force Base (LAFB) and the Commonwealth of Virginia, Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR). The project was for the design of shoreline stabilization and potential wetland restoration at five sites within LAFB. DCR would further expand the cooperative effort by contracting with Old Dominion University Research Foundation (ODURF) and The Coastal Engineering Centre at Old Dominion University for design solutions at the sites. The project addressed LAFB desire to develop cooperative projects with DCR to become an active participant in improving water quality in the Chesapeake Bay. The project addresses the "Action Items for the Chesapeake Bay Program" of September 14,1993 developed by the Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency on April 20, 1990. The specific Goals of the Action Plan addressed are "Restore and Protect Living Resources" and "Improve Water Quality". The proposed shoreline stabilization planning is proposed in conjunction with the 1998 Federal Agencies Chesapeake Bay Ecosystem Unified Plan initiatives as well as the Chesapeake 2000 Agreement.


This study examines the influence of risk governance on financial performance of 50 quoted firms in the Nigerian financial sector for the period of five years (2013–2017). Panel data was used to examine how the risk governance variables (Enterprise Risk Management_index, Chief Risk Officer_presence, Board Risk Committee_size, Board Risk Committee_ activism, and Board Risk Committee_independence) affects financial performance (Return on Asset). The study reveals empirically that most of the risk governance variables (ERM_index, CRO_presence, BRC_activism, and BRC_independence) have a significant and positive impact on the performance of the firm with the exception of BRC_size which shows a negative association with the financial performance of the studied firms. The study empirically reveals that strong Chief Risk Officer (CRO) presence, effective board risk committee, and inclusion of independent directors in the risk committee will go far in serving as factors that would improve the performance of firms in today's financial environment. This study made a lot of core findings that contribute to the emerging literatures on risk governance and risk management research.