Okubo's formula for the matrix elements of a mixed tensor is generalized from the group U(3) to the group U(4). Application of this new formula to study the structure of the mass-splitting operator in U(4) is given.


A ship's seaworthiness cannot be increased without reducing the intensity of motions, especially roll. This problem can be partially solved by optimizing lines and selecting efficient ship propulsion modes relative to waves. However, the cardinal solution is use of ship stabilizers. Bilge keels, passive and activated tanks and controllable side rudders are now being used in practice, and this article examines their design, use and effectiveness.


Taylor and Francis Ltd RJHS10301.sgm 10.108 /1352725042000234424 International Journal of Heritage Studies 352-7258 (pri t)/147 -3610 (online) Original Article 2 04 & Francis Ltd 30 000July 004 Ahmad Y. M. Al-Zoabi is currently working as an Associate Professor at the Department of Architecture, Jordan University of Science and Technology. His research centres on architectural and urban design theories and methods. His recent research focuses on architecture and urban design of the built environment and images of the past. Department of Architecture, JUST, PO Box 941672, Amman 11194, Jordan.


The solar-powered smart waste segregation trash bin with image processing can help in managing the solid waste generated in a community. This device is designed to segregate four types of recyclable solid waste materials namely; plastic, glass, metallic, and paper with the help of image processing and a series of sensors installed in the device for detection, selection, and feedback. The solid waste material is scanned using a camera and compared to the waste images datasets that have been tested and trained model by the researchers, using TensorFlow and python 3.7. The smart waste segregation trash bin can also sense the amount of solid waste inside the compartment with the help of an ultrasonic sensor. Aside from that, through the GSM module, it can generate an SMS notification to the authorized personnel once the bin reaches its maximum capacity. The device is also equipped with a solar panel that is capable of generating the required energy for the system. The result of the testing shows a 100% success rate for paper and plastics, 70% for metals, and 50% for glass. In terms of generating an SMS message to the user when the bins are full, all trials performed for the device to display real-time level monitoring had a favorable outcome indicated by a 100% success rate.


Take the train to Montreal to continue you investigation. Windsor Station was built between 1887 and 1889. At the site, a sign used to proclaim: "Better than anything ever built... the new Canadian...


Gaussian processes have a long tradition in model-based algorithms for black-box optimization, where a limited number of objective function evaluations are available. A principal choice in specifying a Gaussian process model is the choice of the covariance function, which largely embodies the prior assumptions about the modeled function. Several methods for learning the form of covariance function have been proposed. We report a work in progress in which the covariance function is selected from a fixed set. The goal of covariance function selection is to capture non-local properties of the objective function and derive a more accurate surrogate model. The model-selection algorithm is evaluated in connection with Doubly Trained Surrogate Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy on the Comparing Continuous Optimizers framework. Several estimates of predictive performance, including cross-validation and information criteria, are discussed. Focus is placed on information criteria suitable for nonparametric methods, and two of them are compared experimentally.


The studied composite powder of high corrosion resistance was prepared using the Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) process. The as-prepared material was crushed and was subjected to a milling process by high-energy attritory mill for two and ten hours. The powder morphology was analysed through the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method. The structure investigations were performed using the SEM and XRD methods. The presence of Cr7C3, FeCr and FeO phases, besides the most desired FeAl(Cr), Cr3C2 and TiC ones, was noted. It was found that the FeAl(Cr) phase is of the ordered B2-type structure and the ordering degree diminishes with the increase of milling time. The crystallite size of this phase, both in the as-prepared state and after the milling process, is in the nanoscale. The crystallite size of the FeO phase diminishes to 75 nm in the sample ground for 10 h, whereas those of the other phases are above 100 nm for the as-prepared and ground samples.


ABSTRACT This paper explores the contemporary relationship between international student migration and diaspora formation. It argues that international students have been largely absent from recent discussions of 'knowledge diasporas', where migrants' 'home' states attempt to harness and co-opt the skills and knowledge of their émigrés. This is surprising, given students' evident role in knowledge circulation and exchange. In this paper, we foreground the significance of international students but also explore their relationship to diaspora formation from a different angle. We argue that some states are increasingly engaging in (sometimes seemingly contradictory) policies designed to obstruct overseas diaspora formation, and these policies centre on their international student populations. Through a number of case studies and drawing on the secondary literature, we demonstrate the ways in which states are strategising to repatriate international students following their studies overseas. More broadly, we argue, this represents an alternative to popular notions of brain circulation and knowledge diasporas, chiming with a far more long-standing concern with 'brain drain'.


. The newly developed offline land ecosystem model Terrestrial Ecosystem Model in R (TEMIR) version 1.0 is described here. This version of the model simulates plant ecophysiological (e.g., photosynthetic, stomatal) responses to varying meteorological conditions and concentrations of CO 2 and ground-level ozone (O 3 ) based on prescribed meteorological and atmospheric chemical inputs from various sources. Driven by the same meteorological data used in the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model, this allows asynchronously coupled experiments with GEOS-Chem simulations with unique coherency for 15 investigating biosphere-atmosphere chemical interactions. TEMIR agrees well with FLUXNET site-level gross primary productivity (GPP) in terms of both the diurnal and monthly cycles (correlation coefficients R 2 > 0.85 and R 2 > 0.8, respectively) for most plant functional types (PFTs). Grass and shrub PFTs have larger biases due to generic model representations. The model performs best when driven by local site-level meteorology rather than reanalyzed gridded meteorology. Simulation using gridded meteorology agrees well for annual GPP in seasonality and spatial distribution with a 20 global average of 134 Pg C yr –1 . Application of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to infer canopy conditions from gridded meteorology does not improve model performance, predicting a uniform increase of +21% for global GPP. Present-day O 3 concentrations simulated by GEOS-Chem and an O 3 damage scheme at high sensitivity show a 2% reduction in global GPP with prominent reductions by up to 15% in eastern China and the eastern US. Regional correlations are generally unchanged when O 3 is present, and biases are reduced especially for regions with high O 3 damages. An increase in atmospheric CO 2 25 concentration by 20 ppmv from year-2000 to year-2010 level modestly decreases O 3 damage due to reduced stomatal uptake, consistent with ecophysiological understanding. Our work showcases the utility of this version of TEMIR for evaluating biogeophysical responses of vegetation to changes in atmospheric composition and meteorological conditions.


The tonB gene product is necessary for the energy-dependent transport of ferric chelates and vitamin B12 across the Escherichia coli outer membrane. When carried on multicopy plasmids, the cloned tonB gene complemented tonB hosts, restoring transport of ferri-siderophone complexes and vitamin B12, and susceptibility to the group B colicins and phage ф80. The levels of these activities were all markedly lower than when the tonB+ gene was present in single copy. This depression of TonB function occurred even when the chromosome carried the normal tonB+ allele, but plasmids carrying only a portion of the tonB gene, including the 5′-regulatory region, were not inhibitory.


OBJECTIVES
Matching the supply and demand of evidence requires an understanding of when more evidence is needed, as well as the type of evidence that will meet this need. This article describes efforts to develop and refine a decision-making framework that considers payers' perspectives on the utility of evidence generated by different types of research methods, including real-world evidence.

STUDY DESIGN
Conceptual framework development with subsequent testing during a roundtable dialogue.

METHODS
The framework development process included a literature scan to identify existing frameworks and relevant articles on payer decision making. The framework was refined during a stand-alone roundtable in December 2013 hosted by the research team, which included representatives from public and private payers, pharmacy benefit management, the life sciences industry, and researchers. The roundtable discussion also included an application of the framework to 3 case studies.

RESULTS
Application of the framework to the clinical scenarios and the resulting discussion provided key insights into when new evidence is needed to inform payer decision making and what questions should be addressed. Payers are not necessarily seeking more evidence about treatment efficacy; rather, they are seeking more evidence for relevant end points that illustrate the differences between treatment alternatives that can justify the resources required to change practice. In addition, payers are interested in obtaining new evidence that goes beyond efficacy, with an emphasis on effectiveness, longer-term safety, and delivery system impact.

CONCLUSIONS
We believe that our decision-making framework is a useful tool to increase dialogue between evidence generators and payers, while also allowing for greater efficiency in the research process.


This paper introduces the connotation of the subject librarian system in university library,analyzes the difficulties in implementing the subject librarian system,and probes into the countermeasures for solving these problems from aspects of the service consciousness,talent cultivation,post responsibility,and scientific evaluation system,etc.


Electroencephalogram (EEG) provides a window for the activity of the human brain. As a novel form of the brain-computer interface (BCI), the online/offline EEG data may be interpreted through its auditory representation which can be considered as a specific tool in EEG monitoring and analysis. In this work, after a comprehensive comparison of the various designs of brainwave music generations, a waveform event mapping system for music display in real time— the Chengdu Brainwave Music (CBM) is proposed, which is a special on-line BCI system. In CBM, the user datagram protocol (UDP) is adopted to transport EEG data from the recorder to a music generator. The CBM could possibly be used as an audio feedback tool in BCI, or a monitoring tool in clinic EEG, and a subject specified music therapy method.


The invention provides a method and a device for mining key pages of a website. The method includes: extracting a navigation link list from each page of the website, splitting each extracted navigation link list into link pairs, wherein each link pair is composed of two links at adjacent positions in the navigation link list; determining key link pairs from all the link pairs, and taking the pages corresponding to the key link pairs as the key pages in the website. By the means, recall rate and accuracy rate when the key pages of the website are mined can be increased.


This paper, published in two parts, presents the results of joint work on several Sogdian fragments recently discovered in the Serindia Collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM, RAS), written on scrolls with Chinese texts on the back, as is the case with most similar texts. Study of the Chinese texts on the other side has made it possible to identify them as belonging to the commonly-occurring Buddhist text of the Lotus Sutra (Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra), and to determine the order of all the fragments. This enabled us to join the new Sogdian fragments with some previously published ones, to determine their order and thus get a better understanding of the Sogdian texts of these fragments. It is also possible to note some features of the use of Chinese scrolls by the Sogdian Manichaeans (the cutting of the scrolls into separate sheets, the possible gluing of the sheets in a different order, etc.).


In this paper, we study the angular features of the signal and background processes of the associated production of the Higgs boson with W boson. Signal and background processes are generated using the CompHEP generator. Monte Carlo data is processed in ROOT software. In the course of studying the basic kinematic properties it was found that the shape of the distributions of the angular variables di ff ers for the signal and background processes. The presence of the spin e ff ect makes it possible to consider the di ff erence between the distributions of angular variables. The observed deviations can potentially reduce the background relative to the signal.


It is established that the absence of main clinical features of disease and complex method of determination, absence of attention to basic x-ray features (place, density, structure) and algorithm of study, late special medical service are main reason of doctor's mistakes for patients with thorax formations (ribs, intervertebral spaces, vertebralrib angles).


PURPOSE: A liquid crystal device is provided to obtain a pi-cell liquid crystal device having quick switching time, without producing a T(Twisted)-state and to obtain good viewing angle capacity. CONSTITUTION: A pi-cell liquid crystal device comprises a nematic liquid crystal layer(17) disposed between alignment layers(14,15) which provide a pretilt such that, at a zero applied field, the energy of the H-state is less than the energy of the V-state, which is less than the energy of the T-state. A drive arrangement(18) switches the pi-cell by applying a first electric field, at which the energy of the V-state is less than the energy of each of the H-state and the T-state, or a second smaller electric field, at which the energy of the H-state is less than the energy of each of the V-state and the T-state. The T-state may thus be avoided while maintaining high switching speeds.


Sea surface topography observations are deduced from an airborne reflectometry experiment. A GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver dedicated for reflectometry was set up aboard the German HALO (High Altitude Long Range) research aircraft. Flights were conducted over the Mediterranean Sea about 3500 m above sea level. A signal path model divided into large‐ and small‐scale contributions is used for phase altimetry. The results depict geoid undulations and resolve anomalies of the sea surface topography. For the whole experiment 65 tracks over the Mediterranean Sea are retrieved and compared with a topography model. Tracks differ between right‐handed and left‐handed circular polarization. The difference, however, is not significant for this study. Precision and spatial resolution decrease disproportionately at low elevations. Eight tracks with centimeter precision are obtained between 11° and 33° of elevation. At higher elevation angles the number of tracks is significantly reduced due to surface roughness. In future such retrievals could contribute to ocean eddy detection.


This work deals with the phenomenon of computer games and their social status. In the second part, the animation techniques, which are used to create game characters and envi-roment, are analyzed.


The purpose of the work described was to develop a tunable laser diode which is as easy to use as a He-Ne laser stabilized on iodine. The particularity of this experiment is the use of I/sub 2/ cell placed inside the extended cavity laser (ECL). The experimental set-up mounted takes the form of a lambdameter which gives the wavelength to one part in 10/sup 6/, a Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer for mode analysis and a beat-frequency measurement system. The FP interferometer has the particular feature of a second I/sub 2/ cell which makes it possible to detect the iodine transitions by simple visual inspection of an oscilloscope. Many transitions, some much more intense than the usual R(127)11-5 transition, are under study. We worked mainly on P(33) 6-3 since this is inside the range of our beat-frequency system. Results are promising: the free running relative frequency stability is about three parts in 10/sup 10/ and the locked-laser relative frequency stability about three parts in 10/sup 11/ after 80 s. This is already good enough for use as a wavelength standard for length and for interferometric measurement.


Abstract : This report describes the development of a mathematical model for gunner's tracking performance in MTQ Mode II tracking task. The Luenberger observer theory is used to design the gunner model which is composed of three elements--a reduced-order observer, a feedback controller, and a remnant element. An important feature of the model is that its structure is simple, hence the computer simulation of anti-aircraft artillery tracking systems using the gunner model requires only a short execution time. A parameter identification program based on the combined least squares curve-fitting method and the modified Gauss Newton gradient algorithm is developed to determine parameters of the model systematically. Model predictions of both azimuth and elevation tracking errors for several target flyby and maneuvering trajectories are shown to be in excellent agreement with the empirical data obtained from simulation experiments conducted at the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. It is concluded that the antiaircraft gunner model based on the observer theory can be accurately and efficiently used to study AAA weapon effectiveness and aircraft survivability.


Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDM) and Tone Reservation (TR) are used independently to reduce Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in wireless communications. In this paper, we jointly consider TR and SC-FDM to achieve much lower PAPR. We first present the PAPR of SC-FDM system with different DFT/IDFT size, and then theoretically analyze the PAPR gain of TR in SC-FDM. By considering the impact of TR on transmission power, we propose a novel metric, the effective signal power, to measure the performance of TR in SC-FDM. Afterwards, the TR optimization problem is formulated and solved by TR gradient algorithm. Finally, the performance of TR with SC-FDM is evaluated.


In Part I Peirce's trichotomy of icon, index, and symbol is described as the theoretical frame for analyzing signifying aspects of animal emblems; Panofsky's model of interpreting visual art forms is discussed as the method for interpreting the signs. In Part II representative emblems are interpreted and their signification proposed Iconic interpretation suggests that the signs affirm human dominion over the natural world and that they perform social gatekeeping functions. Indexical interpretation suggests the signs point to deception in social relationships and serve as metaphoric reference to conditions of angst and alienation. Interpretation as symbol reveals that the signs delineate relationships in the fashion goods hierarchy, stand as power markers, serve as archetypes of classical myth, and function as tokens of participation in the consumption ritual. The potential value of Peirce's trichotomy for further study of semiotics in clothing and dress is suggested.


The impact any power plant has upon the environment must be minimized as much as possible. Due to its high efficiency, low emission levels and low cooling requirements, combined cycle plants are considered to be environmentally friendly. This study evaluates the effect of operational conditions on pollutants (CO, CO2, SOx, NOx) emissions levels, waste-heat and wastewater of a combined-cycle natural gas and steam power plant. The HYSYS process simulation was used for modelling and simulation. The study clearly shows that the absolute quantity of pollutants emitted is high. Also, it was possible to verify that the unit operate in the condition of minimal emissions regarding the maximum possible, and thus a reduction or elimination of such pollutants is not possible.


In this paper, graphene was used as the adsorbent for peptide enrichment, and followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis. To study the adsorptive property of graphene, peptide angiotensin II was chosen as the model target. The enrichment material was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS directly without desorption step. As a result, graphene showed good adsorptive capacity for peptide. After enrichment, the peak intensity and the signal-to-noise ratio were obviously increased.


A character pattern storage and display device stores information descriptive of a character, information representative of the amount of downward shift to be effected to a character pattern of the character, information representative of the width of the character to be displayed, and, where the character is to be displayed with its width changed, information representative of the start position of an actual character in the information stored. A control circuit is provided for moving the position at which the character is displayed on the basis of such information.


After presenting trends in aggregate performance within a comparative convergence framework, this paper explores institutional and macroeconomic features as the ultimate explanations of Spain's post-war growth performance. The following main phases are distinguished: the autarchy period (1939-59), the years of growth and delayed reconstruction (1959-75), the relative stagnation of the transition from Franco's dictatorship to democracy (1975-85), which ended with Spain's membership of the European Community and gave way to a short period of accelerating growth which ended abruptly with the recession of the early 1990s.


Based on the dynamic characteristics of electric vehicles, this study describes the use of existing basic parameters of a specific electric vehicle to optimize the performance parameters of an asynchronous motor. In addition, a theoretical reference of such an asynchronous motor is provided.


In this lecture we conjecture that the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) with energies E>EGZK, where EGZK∼5⋅1019 eV is the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cut-off energy of cosmic ray spectrum, may originate from decays of superheavy long-living X-particles populating the Universe thus providing a unique window into the very early epoch of the Universe, namely, that of preheating and reheating after inflation. These particles may constitute a considerable fraction of cold dark matter in the Universe. We argue that the unconventionally long lifetime of the superheavy particles, which should be in the range of 1010–1022 years, might require novel particle physics mechanisms of their decays, such as instantons. First of all I will describe a toy model illustrating the instanton scenario and then will describe the possible proper mechanism of creation of superheavy particles in the early Universe. It is my pleasure to emphasize that all I will talk about was done in collaboration with my friends V. A. Rubakov and...


This paper seeks to examine the current state of academic utilization of government publications in Nigerian university libraries. Using a descriptive survey, the study focused on three academic libraries in Southeastern Nigeria serving a population of 11,996 undergraduate and postgraduate student library users, 592 of whom answered a questionnaire. The study relied on questionnaires, interviews, and observation checklists for data collection. Means, frequency counts, and percentages were used to analyze the data. The study recommended that libraries should make the reading spaces and environment in government document sections more comfortable and that government document libraries should engage fully in online subscriptions to government publications.


The present paper provides an overview of the fabrication and testing of multifunctional hybrid composite radio frequency (RF) electronic housing for satellite applications. An oversized hybrid composite block containing carbon fiber (CF) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reinforcement in epoxy matrix were fabricated through hand layup and compression molding technique. Fabricated block was machined to desired size and shape to form multifunction hybrid composite housing for satellite electronics. DC electrical resistivity was measured on sample panels to assess the influence of MWCNTs on CFRP and 30 times decrease in volume resistance was observed. EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) and Radiated Emission Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) tests were performed on developed prototype RF electronic housing. Results showed that the addition of MWCNT in CFRP has increased the overall electrical conductivity leading to higher EMI SE than neat CFRP without MWCNTs. Moreover, the developed electronic unit also qualified the RE EMC test in 10 kHz to 18 GHz range. The increment in electrical characteristics was attributed to formation of MWCNTs conductive network inside the epoxy matrix. Hybrid composite housing was also subjected to vibration test and compared with aluminum alloy (AA 6061-T6) housing, which is typically used in satellite structure. Finite element analysis (FEA) for vibration test was also carried out on both housings and obtained results are in great agreement with experimental findings. It can be concluded that hybrid composite housing can replace the metallic counterpart with an added advantage of 50% lighter in weight for satellite electronics applications.


The present invention provides a method for securing data distributed by a first user to at least one recipient user, comprising the steps of; responding to a request from the first user to encrypt the data with a key; and recording the location of the key in a database, wherein on the database receiving a request from the at least one recipient user for authorization, providing the key to the at least one recipient user upon authorization.


Forensic samples are commonly exposed to harsh environmental conditions which affect the degree of sample (DNA) preservation and subsequent genetic profiling. The aim of this study was to develop a better strategy for DNA extraction from hard putrefied tissues (Teeth and Skull bone). Jaw (teeth) and the skull samples were collected from the putrefied corpses and the authors were asked to determine if the two specimens belonged to the same body. The DNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform and DNA IQ™ System Kit. The PowerPlex®  16 and the PowerPlex® Y System Kits were used for autosomal STR and Y-STR genotyping, respectively. DNA profiling found evidence in favor of DNA degradation. Phenol-Chloroform extracted-DNA was re-extracted by using DNA IQ ™ System kit and managed to identify 13 autosomal STR loci and 13 Y-STR markers from doubly extracted DNA. In conclusion, the combination of two DNA extraction methods (phenol-chloroform + DNA IQ™) improved the quality of DNA extracted from putrefied teeth and skull bone.


A composite film modified electrode was prepared by immobilizing the graphene/polyaniline composite onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode.The composite was synthesized by an in situ polymerization procedure.The electrochemical behavior of ascorbic acid(AA)at the graphene/polyaniline composite film modified electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry.The results showed that an oxidation peak of AA was observed in phosphate buffer solution of pH 3.0,the peak currents varied linearly with the concentration of AA over the range from 5.0×10-7 to 1.0×10-3 mol/L with the detection limit of 1.9×10-7 mol/L.The modified electrode was applied to the determination of trace AA in Vitamin C samples with recoveries of 97.5%-105%.


We thank Susini and colleagues for their comments[1][1] to our article on the risk of a new cancer in patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (CMPNs).[2][2] We have read the results from their CMPN cohort from Tuscany with interest. We agree that any novel finding must be confirmed before


We propose a wideband photonic compressive sensing system based on bipolar wideband optical chaos, which supports simultaneous reconstruction for multiple frequency components in the range of 0-40GHz with only a 2GS/s down-sampling rate.


Culturable rhizosphere fungi of Arabis alpina in abandoned lead-zinc mining and non-mining area in Huize, Yunnan, China were isolated with normal, Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) containing Martin's media. Cd~(2+) tolerance of those isolated fungi were investigated with potato dextrose fluid media containing 0, 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mmol L~(-1) Cd~(2+). The results showed that the growth of rhizosphere fungi of Arenaria orbiculata in the abandoned lead-zinc mining and non-mining area was signif icantly suppressed by Cd~(2+). The mean and maximum lethal concentrations of 50% (EC50 value) of Cd~(2+) to the rhizosphere fungi in the abandoned lead-zinc mining area isolated by normal, Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) containing media were obviously greater than those in the non-mining area, which indicated that Cd~(2+) tolerance of the rhizosphere fungi in the abandoned lead-zinc mining area was greater than that in the non-mining area. Among these fungi isolated by these 3 media, the rhizosphere fungi of A. alpina in the abandoned lead-zinc mining area isolated by Cd~(2+) containing medium were the most tolerant to Cd~(2+). Tab3, Ref26


An internationalized dietetic technician (DT) program was developed at the Milwaukee Area Technical College through a process that included the design and development of international modules to be used through infusion or an individual unit approach in selected courses. The following procedures were used: a review of the literature on benefits of international education, models to internationalize curriculum, appropriate instructional design, and appropriate tools to evaluate program impact; establishment of formative committees to provide feedback during the developmental process; establishment of a process for the internationalization of the DT program; use of the framework developed by the author to internationalize the selected courses; establishment of a summative committee to prnvide feedback on program content and face validity; and development of plans for program implementation and evaluation. Of 15 technical courses in the program, 7 were internationalized by infusion and 8 by the addition of a new unit. The process of infusion was accomplished by adding an internationalized competency or competencies in an exi:Aing unit. Evaluation was planned for two years after program implementation. (Contains 129 references. Appendixes include: DT curriculum; diagram of the internationalization process; committee reports; guidebook of internationalized DT courses, with a course outcome summary and example lesson plan; and list of 241 academic support resources.) (YLB) *********************************************i *.;.**:.:.*****A**i Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. :.:,:o',AA**AAA*************)%A;o%******i.A*************i.A.A**.AA.********* DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERNATIONALIZED DIETETIC TECHNICIAN PROGRAM FOR THE MILWAUKEE AREA TECHNICAL COLLEGE (NI WITH A PLAN FOR IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION Marietta M. Advincula-Carpenter U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 011'This document has Seen reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or oprniuns stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy "PERM SION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATE .:AL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC).A major applied research project presented to Programs for Higher Education in partiafulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education c) cN Nova Southeastern University


Copyright © Journal of African Cultural Studies reprinted by permission of (Taylor & Francis Ltd, http://www.tandfonline.com) on behalf of Journal of African Cultural Studies.


In this graduation thesis the problem of assuring the optimal geometry of terrestrial positional geodetic networks, established for periodical deformation surveys of geotechnical objects, is discussed. In particular, four geodetic networks, established for monitoring the dams of hydroelectric plants Moste, Mavcice, Vrhovo and Bostanj on Sava river are analysed. To find the optimal geometry of discussed networks the "trial and error" method of network optimization was used. This method is based on computer simulations of measurements. For every discussed geodetic network we defined additional reference points, which were selected on the basis of the results of previous measurements in these networks. For every variant of each discussed geodetic network simulated measurements were adjusted using the extended method of least squares. Results show that most of the discussed geodetic networks already have optimal geometry and don't necessarily need improvements.


A complex of the induction magnetic field two-way nanotransducers of the different physical values for both the external and implantable interfaces in a wide range of arrays are summarized. Implementation of the nanowires allows reliable transducing of the biosignals' partials and bringing of carbon nanotubes into circuits leading to examination of the superconducting transition. Novel sensors are based on the induction magnetic field principle, which causes their interaction with an ambient EM field. Mathematical description of both the signal and mediums defines space embracing of the relevant interfacing devices. As a result, a wide range of the nano-bio-transducers allow both delivering the variety of ionized biosignals and interface the bioEM signals with further stages of electronic systems. The space coverage and transducing values properties of the state-of-the-art magnetic interfaces are summarized, and directions for their future development are deduced.


Reflections: An English Course for Students Aged 14–18 was a path-breaking English course book that aimed to connect English classrooms to the social realities of postwar London. Published in 1963, it came out of a course developed in the late 1950s by three young teachers – Simon Clements, John Dixon and Leslie Stratta – at Walworth School in Southwark, one of London's poorest boroughs. Walworth was a forerunner of the mixed comprehensive school. It was set up in September 1946 as one of five 'experimental' schools and, indeed, the story of the course book is inseparably linked to the history and politics of post-war secondary schooling. Reflections is rarely used nowadays, though it is not unusual to find well-worn copies gathering dust in English stock cupboards. Yet such was the course book's impact in its day that historians of the subject have regarded it as a landmark in 'progressive' English teaching. Reflections' originality has been widely appreciated (West 1998; Simons and Raleigh 1981; Burgess and Martin 1990). Yet one of the course book's defining features, the inclusion of contemporary photographs, has received little attention. The pictures in Reflections – 'boys playing football', 'a street', 'a new estate', 'a shopping precinct', 'a prisoner's cell' – contrasted strikingly with the way that photographs worked in other English course books in use at the time, where visual materials were used merely to complement written texts. In contrast, the images in Reflections were intended for study in their own right. I shall be concentrating on four pictures of the urban environment to bring out both what was new and what was problematic about their use. My story is framed by a larger project. With Peter Medway, I am currently looking into teacher-led innovation in a handful of secondary English departments that had a particular influence on English teaching. Using data from semi-structured interviews, we are aiming to put together a more finely textured account of the history of post-war English than currently exists. My interest in the photographs was kindled during interviews with the Reflections' authors, especially when it emerged that the pictures were not chosen as illustrations to accompany written passages, but were rather intended for study in their own right.


The objective of this research work is to investigate some biochemical parameters in the serum of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with Moringa oleifera seeds aqueous extract. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats (150mg/kg) were administered orally with Moringa oleifera seed aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) for twenty eight days after which some biochemical parameters in the serum was measured and compared with the control. The results showed that the level of urea, creatinine, uric acid, PO4 3-, enzymes markers (ALT, AST, ALP) of the diabetic group were significantly (p<0.05) high when compared with the control and extract treated groups while significant (p<0.05) reduction were observed in the serum level of Ca2+ and Mg2+ of the diabetic untreated group when compared to both extract treated and control group. The administration of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera to the diabetic rats showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in the level of urea, creatinine, uric acid, PO43-, enzymes markers (ALT, AST, ALP) and a significant (P<0.05) increase in the level of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Therefore, It can be concluded that administration of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera to diabetic rats ameliorate the adverse effects of diabetes complications.


Importance of this topic and the reasons for selecting it: Verily, women are half of society, in fact they are the entire society; for, they bring forth the future generations, and hence, taking an interest in their issues is mandatory. 2. To clarify how Islam honors women from the perspective of the prophetic traditions of the Prophet Muhammad. 3. To demonstrate the position of women in Islam and allow Muslim women to experience how Islam uplifted them out of oppression, preserved their virtuousness, protected their dignity, and gave them all of their inherent rights; and how it raised their value and dignity as daughters, wives, mothers, and an active members of society, and of course before all of that, respecting her humanity. 4. As a response to those fallacies that have been brought up about Muslim women, and a clarification of the truth concerning these matters. The Methodology of Research: The preparation of this research required the use of an integrative approach, which was represented in a collection of academic approaches: 1. An Inductive Approach: Establishing the veracity of the thesis from the evidence presented in the prophetic traditions of the Prophet Muhammad. 2. An Analytical Approach: to be applied to all of the paper's chapters. 3. A Qualitative approach: recording the prophetic traditions and all the various narrations of each single tradition and the statements of the scholars regarding as to their authenticity. 4. A Narrative Approach: A critical examination of all the narrations of the prophetic traditions used as support for the thesis along with the statements of the scholars of Islam concerning them. 5. A Deductive Approach: Deduction of the final conclusions based upon the chains of narrations and contents of the prophet traditions after studying them ( in depth ). Research Paper Outline: This research paper consists of an abstract, introduction, main chapters, and conclusion. Introduction: The conditions of women before the advent of Islam. Chapter One: What has been mentioned concerning the honoring of daughters and sisters in Islam. The 2015 WEI International Academic Conference Proceedings Harvard, USA The West East Institute 126 Chapter Two: What has been mentioned concerning the honoring of wives in Islam. Chapter Three: What has been mentioned concerning the honoring of mothers in Islam. Conclusion: The conclusion will mention the most substantial results from the research and suggestions for further work. Indices


Several studies have been carried out for the rapid wood identification process without eye observation of the wood anatomists. Computer vision is the first choice in this case so that the identification results are rapid and more accurate than the conventional method. Our previous research developed a method for wood identification using the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) feature extraction and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as a classifier on Android smartphones. This paper proposes an improved wood identification accuracy of the HOG method and SVM classifier by utilizing several methods on the image preprocessing i.e. the Gaussian pyramid and the Laplacian edge detection methods. The Gaussian pyramid is used to reduce the wood image into a smaller group of pixels to qualify size wood image in the extraction process without reducing the image quality. On the other hand, to clear and distinguish the pattern in the wood image, the Laplacian edge detection is used. In our experiments, wood images from five wood species were used i.e. Kembang Semangkok, Ketapang, Preparat Darat, Pinang, and Puspa. The result showed that each wood species have increased accuracy, precision, recall, and specificity. The lowest increment accuracy was for Pinang and Puspa species at 4.00% of accuracy and zero precision value is found in Puspa species. Furthermore, from five wood species, there was a significantly increased result so it is very useful for improving the result of identification using HOG descriptor and SVM Classifier.


Si nanoparticles are new prospective optoelectronic materials. Unlike bulk Si cry-stals, Si nanoparticles display intriguing room-temperature photoluminescence. A major challenge in the fabrication of Si nanoparticles is the control of their size distribution. The rare-earth element Er has unique photo emission properties, including low pumping power, and a temperature independent, sharp spectrum. The emission wavelength matches the transmission window of optical fibers used in the telecommunications industry. Therefore, the study of Er-doped Si nanoparticles may have practical significance.

The goals of the research described in this dissertation are to investigate vapor phase pyrolysis methods and to characterize the microstructure and associated defects, particles size distributions and photoluminescence efficiencies of doped and undoped Si nanoparticles using analytical transmission electron microscopy, high resolution electron microscopy, and optical spectroscopy.

Er-doped and undoped Si nanoparticles were synthesized via vapor-phase pyrolysis of disilane at Texas Christian University. To achieve monodisperse size distributions, a process with fast nucleation and slow growth was employed. Disilane was diluted to 0.48% with helium. A horizontal pyrolysis oven was maintained at a temperature of 1000 °C. The oven length was varied from 1.5 cm to 6.0 cm to investigate the influence of oven length on the properties of the nanoparticles. The Si nanoparticles were collected in ethylene-glycol.

The doped and undoped Si nanoparticles have a Si diamond cubic crystal structure. Neither Er precipitation, Er oxides or Er silicides were detected in any of the samples. The Er dopant concentration was about 2 atom% for doped samples from the 3.0 and 6.0 cm ovens as determined by quantitative analysis using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The average Si nanoparticle size increases from 11.3 to 15.2 nm in the doped samples and from 11.1 to 15.7 nm in the undoped samples as the oven length increases from 1.5 to 6.0 cm. HREM data show that average Si nanocrystallite size varies from 6.4 to 3.3 to 5.9 nm in the doped samples, and from 7.5 to 12.2 nm in the undoped samples as the oven length increases.

Room-temperature Er photoluminescence has been detected near 1.54 :m from all doped samples. Saturation of the Er photoluminescence intensity at large emission power and the monotonic decrease of the intensity as a function of the emission wavelength in the doped sample from the 3.0 cm oven suggest that a carrier-mediated energy transfer process occurs in the Er-doped Si nanoparticles.

It is the first time to successfully fabricate and investigate Er-doped Si nanoparticles.


The 2014 Ninth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER2014) was hosted by the Principality of Monaco, in the Grimaldi Forum, on March 25–27, 2014. Located between the Mediterranean, France, and Italy, Monaco is one of the smallest countries in the world, but is without doubt the "largest one" by its commitment toward sustainable development with an emphasis on mobility and energy. EVER2014 was organized by the Monaco Sustainable Development Association (MC2D) and was technically cosponsored by three IEEE societies: the IEEE Industry Applications Society, the IEEE Power Electronics Society, and the IEEE Magnetics Society.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the susceptibility to the pain in the preparations of vital teeth for abutments using of a high-speed mechanical contra-angles. The susceptibility to the pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) values. The VAS data were obtained from 574 vital teeth from 313 patients ; 152 for male, age 14-73 and 161 for female, age 12-72. The VAS val ues were increased with age in male and female subjects and higher in males than females. The rate of infiltration anesthesia showed a tendency to be higher in males than females. This study showed that in general males had higher VAS values and underwent anesthesia more often than coeval females. The only exception was females in the fifties who felt pain equally to or more than males in the fifties. Significant difference between males and females was observed in the sixties (p<0.05). Females in the thirty had the lowest VAS values and males over sixties had the highest VAS values.I conclude that pain sensation during abutment preparation tends to differ depending on age as well as sex.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance and chemical composition of Rhandia voulezi juveniles fed with mash, pelleted and extruded diets and reared in cages. One hundred and fifty fish were distributed into 15 net cages (0.20 m³), arranged in 5m³ net cages, in the hydroelectric plant of Governador José Richa, in Iguaçu River (Paraná-Brazil). The fish were fed five times a day, with mash, pelleted and extruded diets, containing 30% of protein and 3,250 Kcal/kg of digestible energy/kg. At the end of 60 days, significant differences (p<0.05) were observed on fish performance. The fish that were fed with pelleted diet presented higher average of final weight (44.08g), final length (16.51cm) and weight gain (36.65g). The different processes did not influence fish survival. The averages of protein and mineral matter of carcass chemical composition did not differ statistically (p<0.05), while the values of humidity and lipids presented differences among treatments. The highest average of lipids (8.59%) was observed in pelleted diet. The mash diet provided fish with lower lipids (5.45%) and higher humidity (75.98%) rates. A pelleted diet is more suitable for juvenile catfish R. voulezi reared in cages.


We report a detailed study of GaAs/A1GaiAs double-barrier quantum wells grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In these structures the GaAs layers were embraced by thin AlAs barriers and then by Al033Ga067As outer barriers. It is shown that the insertion of one or two monolayer AlAs barriers has spectacular effects in changing the confinement energies. Numerical calculations have been performed within the envelope function approximation including the exciton corrections. The observed emission peak energies in low temperature photoluminescence spectra are in good agreement with the calculation values.


A key model that can help policy and decision makers understand the process of implementing PAC in primary care practice is the 'Theory of Planned Behaviour' (See Figure 1), which suggests that planning and preparation will facilitate the adoption of a specific behaviour.9 The key elements of this theory are: a) Behavioural beliefs: These are individual beliefs about the consequence of a behaviour;" Introduction


Yinglian Bian' e is a unique form of Chinese art and literature. In landscape architecture, it' s also a kind of cultural ornament, and an important way of expressing the artistic conception of Chinese landscape architecture. In this essay, the author classifies the thoughts and contents of Yinglian Bian' e and analyses their aesthetic value so as to illustrate its function in the aesthetic value of landscape architecture.


This should allow at least 1 kg/week weight loss after the first week or two. To prescribe such a diet with a sheet of paper and then provide no effective follow-up is a prescription for failure. Patients should be seen very regularly and very frequently to check on their progress. It is very useful for many patients at the beginning of therapy to see a trained dietitian, who will translate the rigid rules of any diet into some pattern resembling the patient's eating habits whenever possible.


This report describes a melody morphing method which generates an intermediate melody between a melody and another melody. Commercial music sequence software today only operates on the surface structure of music, such as the notes, and rests. The time-span tree, which acquired from the music surface by using the music theory GTTM, enables us to analyze the deeper structure. Our method makes it possible one melody morph to the other melody by proposing melody divisional reduction method with applying least upper bound and greatest lower bound to the time-span trees.


This essay is based on a presentation given with ASCPL colleague Kelly Wilson at the Ohio Library Council North Chapter Conference in Independence, Ohio, on April 28, 2011, which was inspired by Neal Wyatt's "Reading Maps Remake RA" in Library Journal (November 2006). "I really liked this book. What should I read now?" When approached with this question, librarians often offer books by the same author or within the same genre. This strategy can be successful to an extent but can also prevent teens from noticing other titles, authors, and classes of books they would enjoy. Furthermore, most readers can find books by the same author or in the same genre without much assistance: genre lists are available online and often in print in the library. Reading maps help teen readers discover new and exciting materials by examining various aspects of a book the reader has already enjoyed--including pace, tone, point of view, detail, setting, and characters--and using those aspects to make connections to other reading material. Mapping is a shared process that can involve a teen's peers as well as the librarian, and its result is a graphic representation of the connections between different books a reader might enjoy. Maps can be used in print or digitally. The digital format offers readers the opportunity to add to or change the map in the online environment which keeps the map flesh and current. Stepping outside our traditional reader's advisory methods also speaks to the developmental stages of adolescence, when readers are open to suggestions and forming lifelong reading habits that, through mapping, can include materials that might not otherwise be considered by the reader or librarian using genre-matching. My Approach As a habit, I pay close attention to what our teens bring into the library, picking up on their interests and personalities in order to forge and maintain connections with them. Along with art supplies, guitars, and skateboards, books are popular baggage. Approaching three of our regular teen program attendees about their current reading materials in order to "map" was a natural activity, as we regularly discuss reading preferences. I spoke with each of the three study participants in a group setting so that other teens in the area, while involved in a variety of activities that included video gaming, homework completion, and open-ended art projects, would overhear and add their thoughts to the process if interested, which many of them were. Autumn Sixteen-year-old Autumn was reading L .J. Smith's Vampire Diaries when approached about her interest in the book: "I like romance and vampires, and there's some mystery, too. I really like how the girl goes from being a bitch to an actual person. There are vampire brothers who like the same girl, and she is torn between them. I also like it because it's a series, and I want the story to keep going." Vampire romance is a pretty easy order to fulfill from our shelves; Rachel Caine's The Morganville Vampires, P. C. Cast's House of Night, and Melissa de la Cruz's Blue Bloods are not only vampire romances with mystery, but are series as well. Crusade by Nancy Holder and Debbie Viguie is a step outside Autumn's preferences with a twist on her affection for vampires and mystery-political intrigue involving vampire hunters. Her interest in character development within a vampire-ish framework might be satisfied with Darren Shafts Cirque du Freak series, in which the author adeptly handles the changes wrought upon the characters through their traumatic and stressful experiences. Chris Chris, who is seventeen but pretty sure he is intellectually about forty, only read adult fiction at the time we discussed his reading preferences. He was carrying Stephen King's Cell on top of his stack of textbooks, and explained his interest in the title: "It's mind control--brainwashing--by cell phones. I like the aggression and destruction, and also how the group of normal people have to find a way to survive. …


INTRODUCTION
ROHHAD (rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation and autonomic dysregulation) is a rare disease, with only about two hundred cases reported to date, that starts in previously healthy children. The first sign is usually obesity, followed by hypothalamic dysfunction and sleep-disordered breathing, which rapidly progresses until the death of the patient. ROHHAD with narcolepsy is even rarer, with only two cases described so far.

CASE REPORT
We report the case of a boy who showed signs of obesity and sleepiness since he was 5 years old. At the age of 7, he suffered two tonic-clonic seizures and, over the next four years, displayed signs and symptoms of significant hypothalamic dysfunction; after multiple tests, he was then diagnosed with ROHHAD. Despite receiving a large number of treatments, the patient died at the age of 11.

CONCLUSION
The pathophysiology of this disease needs to be clarified in order to investigate effective treatments in the future.


A Dissertation Report Submitted to the Chandaria School of Business in partial fulfilment of the Requirement of the award of the Degree of Doctorate in Business Administration (DBA)


This paper presents a new method for automatically analyzing the digital image of Vickers hardness indentation called Region-Point detection algorithm. This method effectively overcomes the error of vertex detection due to curving indentation edges. In the Region-Detection, to obtain four small regions where the four vertexes locate, Sobel Operator is implemented to extract the edge points and Thick-line Hough Transform is utilized to fit the edge lines, then the four regions are selected according to the four intersection points of the thick lines. In the Point-Detection, to get the vertex's accurate position in every small region, Thick-line Hough Transform is used again to select useful edge points and Last Square Method is utilized to accurately fit lines. The interception point of the two lines in every region is the vertex of indentation. Then the length of the diagonal and the Vickers hardness could be calculated. Experiments show that the measured values agreed well with the standard values


This paper introduces a way to establish an economic and practical data acquisition system based on Labview.The data communication between the host computer and MCU is implemented via the serial port.The software and hardware of the system are outlined.


Since 1995 three volumes of essays, in each of which Richard Bonney has served as contributor or editor, have been published around the history of European fiscal systems. What new contribution or approach does this volume, the third, offer? Like its predecessors, this one fits into the "new fiscal history," structured around the notion that fiscal systems should be studied in their broader constitutional, political, social, and economic contexts. As Bonney states in the introduction to the present volume, the point is to move beyond "teleology" (p. 12) or the tendency to compare "any fiscal system over time … with another in a sort of balance sheet" (p. 2). While not wanting to take any one country's experience as the measure for others, Bonney does identify certain broad stages through which fiscal systems have passed. His approach borrows from Joseph Schumpeter's thesis—subsequently adopted primarily by historians of Scandinavia and Germany—that early modern "countries" underwent a transition from "domain state" to "tax state," whereby sovereigns expanded their fiscal reach beyond the medieval ideal of living from the revenues of the royal domain. In a previous volume Bonney and his collaborators revised this model of the rise of the tax state (see the introduction to Crises, Revolutions and Self-Sustained Growth: Essays in European Fiscal History, 1130–1830, edited by W. M. Ormrod, Margaret Bonney, and Richard Bonney. Stamford: Shaun Tyas, 1999). Tax states, they argued, could falter and break down through loss of confidence or institutional paralysis, and thus did not represent the endpoint of fiscal development. Rather, it is the modern "fiscal state," where institutions and structures allow for self-sustained growth and development, that represents the culmination of revolutionary changes. Furthermore, they held that crisis might occur within a given fiscal system and affect its shape or scope, but that only revolutionary upheaval could cause transition from one system to another. A revised model requires empirical support, and the present volume seeks to deliver it in the form of "national" case studies that are juxtaposed (in rough geographical order, from Western Europe eastward), but not compared.


Abstract We report our experience of applying a stochastic method for understanding natural language to a multilingual appointment scheduling task, in particular, to the English spontaneous speech task (ESST). The aim of the spoken language systems developed for this task is to translate spontaneous conversational speech among different languages. We have investigated the portability of a stochastic semantic analyser from a setting of human–machine interactions air travel information services (ATIS) and multimodal multimedia automated service kiosk (MASK) into the more open one of human-to-human interactions (ESST).


Summary It has often been claimed that the journalist Platonov reproduced the idea of 'immortality' which belonged to the soviet topos of 'new man' and that the poet Platonov contradicted the journalist by making this idea ridiculous. Such an overly complicated understanding of Platonov's work can be replaced by a simpler explanation: An analysis of several of his texts shows that the young and the elder Platonov, the poet and the journalist were unanimously in favour of a certain concept of 'immortality', that simply did not fit into the then-mainstream topos of 'new man'. This first part of the study explains how Platonov rejected the fantastic notion of 'immortality' that dominated the corresponding discussions in soviet intellectual life in the decade after 1917. The second part analyses Platonov's relationship to the stalinist version of 'new man' and its specific variant of 'immortality'.


Hebrew Union College Biblical and Archaeological School, Jerusalem We congratulate Professor Yigael Yadin on the results of his fifth and concluding season of excavations at Hazor. Once again he has demonstrated that when good field work is supplemented by sound strategy, efficient organization, and keen intuition into historical problems, handsome dividends may be expected. Since the Editor of BA h~as been kind enough to invite me to comment briefly on Professor Yadin's article, I will select two aspects which are of special interest to me. I will deal with the water system at Hazor, perhaps Yadin's most spectular find at the site; and, since allusion is made to the similar system at Gezer, I will summarize whlat we know concerning it.


Spring report of birds and various locations contributed by Thomas H. Kent. This item was used as supporting documentation for the Iowa Ornithologists' Union Quarterly field report of spring 1979.


A non‐contact end‐effector was applied to lift three different materials which have different physical properties. These materials are mica (as rigid material), carton (as semi‐rigid material) and non‐rigid material (woven fabric). This end‐effector operates on the principle of generating a high‐speed air flow between nozzles and the specimen surface thereby creating a vacuum which levitates the materials with no mechanical contact. In this paper, the handling results of these materials are compared with each other. The changes in the physical behavior of lifting materials were observed during the experimental work. The effect of the various air flow rates on the non‐contact handling clearance gap between the nozzle and the materials were also investigated. As a result, it was observed that the non‐contact end‐effector could be applied to handle different flat materials.


A heat dissipating structure and a light emitting assembly having the same are provided to prevent a deterioration of a light emission element by dissipating heat generated in an operation of the light emission element quickly via a conductive material layer formed at a submount. In a heat dissipating structure bonded with a light emission element(180) by a flip chip type and accelerating a heat dissipation, at least one groove is formed at a submount(111) arranged to face the light emission element(180). A conductive material layer(115) fills at least a portion of the groove. Two solder layers(119a,119b) interposed between the light emission element(180) and the submount(111) promote a coupling.


Theoretical and empirical analyses typically ignore geographic variation in female employment and racial differences in female employment outcomes. We document that there is substantial heterogeneity in female employment with respect to geographic location, race, and their interaction. We show that a parsimonious set of area-level controls explains a substantial portion of that heterogeneity. Our results suggest that analyses that ignore geographic variation may misstate the determinants of female employment, possibly producing erroneous conclusions and policy prescriptions. They also suggest that understanding geographic heterogeneity is crucial to understanding racial differences in female employment as well as female employment itself.


1. What is urban sociology? 2. Approach and method in urban sociology 3. Urban social structure 4. The complex web of urban living 5. Change and other urban phenomena


Publicity is the logical basis and rational tendency of public policy. And it is also the meta-character of public policy , which often appears three dimensions: equity, fairness and openness. Publicity is the value foundation and central spirit of problem identifying, implementing and assessing public policy. The absence of publicity will go against the will of the public,destroy their interest and, betray the public policy. So the academic analysis of publicity is an inevitable demand on studies of pubic policy, and at the same time it's the fundamental premise of processing and practicing publib policy.


Simple Summary Vitamin D3 may regulate inflammation, immunological responses, and muscle damage; however, its impact on these physiological activities remains obscure. This study reported the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on immune response, inflammatory profile, muscle damage, and aerobic capacity. The participants received either 5000 IU of vitamin D3 or placebo for 4 weeks. The time to exhaustion, maximal heart rate, and average heart rate were also recorded during the exercise test. Venous blood samples were drawn before, immediately after, and 2, 4, and 24 h after exercise to assess total and differential blood leukocyte counts, levels of cytokines, and muscle damage biomarkers. We found that daily 5000 IU vitamin D3 supplementation for 4 weeks may effectively increase blood 25(OH)D levels, immune response, and aerobic capacity while inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and muscle damage in people performing strenuous endurance exercise. Vitamin D3 seems to be a useful nutritional strategy to attenuate immune suppression, inflammatory responses, and muscle damage in people performing an intensive exercise. Abstract Reportedly, strenuous endurance exercise can depress the immune system and induce inflammation and muscle damage. Therefore, this double-blinded, matched-pair study aimed to investigate the impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on immune response (leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD56+ counts), inflammatory profile (TNF-α and IL-6), muscle damage (CK and LDH levels), as well as aerobic capacity after strenuous endurance exercise in 18 healthy men taking 5000 IU of vitamin D3 (n = 9) or placebo (n = 9) daily for 4 weeks. Total and differential blood leukocyte counts, levels of cytokines, and muscle damage biomarkers were determined before, immediately after, and 2, 4, and 24 h after exercise. The IL-6, CK, and LDH levels were significantly lower in vitamin D3 group at 2, 4, and 24 h post exercise (p < 0.05). Maximal and average heart rates during exercise were also significantly lower (p < 0.05). In the vitamin D3 group, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio after 4 weeks of supplementation was only significantly lower at post-0 than at baseline and significantly higher at post-2 than at baseline and post-0 (all p < 0.05). Taken together, 5000 IU of daily vitamin D3 supplementation for 4 weeks exhibited positive effects in terms of increased blood 25(OH)D levels, CD4+/CD8+ ratio (immune response), and aerobic capacity while inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and CK and LDH (muscle damage) in people performing strenuous endurance exercise.


S IR Thomas Browne, author of the " ReligioJVledici," once appeared in court as a witness against two women on trial for witchcraft; and it was largely on the strength of his testimony that they were found guilty and condemned. At this very period the whole detestable superstition had been exposed by critical writers, such as Reginald Scot and Wierus, so it seems that Sir Thomas Browne had not much excuse for his credulity. He still shared the stupendous delusion which for so many centuries dominated the thoughts, beliefs and practices of this dear old human race of ours; and in spite of all this he gave us his philosophical and moral prosings, which have gained for him the reputation of a medical pundit. The case is worth looking at if for no other reason than that it displays the large capacity of the human mind for the storage of queer notions. For at this distance of time this looks like a queer notion for a man like Sir Thomas to have entertained, although to the two victims it must have seemed not so queer as tragic. At the time of the trial (1664) Browne was nearly sixty years old, and had attained a great reputation as a physician and writer. He practiced in Norwich, a provincial city which had some claims to distinction as a place of culture; and he had long since written not only the "Religio Medici" but also his work on "Vulgar Errors" and, more recently, his "Urn Burial," upon which three works mainly rests his fame. He became soon after an Honorary Fellow of the London College of Physicians, and later contributed papers to the Royal Society, of which, however, he seems not to


Breast cancer is currently the most prevalent form of cancer affecting women worldwide. In this regard, surgical treatments for early-stage breast carcinoma are primarily reconstructive oncologic interventions. The challenge of tumorectomy is complete removal of the lesion whilst preserving the cosmetic appearance of the breast. Currently, surgical planning is limited to photographic and anthropometric studies of patient's breast. Thus, there is a clear need for an accurate and efficient numerical tool that could be used for pre-operative planning, which could also guarantee the final result of such surgical operations. Nonetheless, to date, there have been very few attempts to model the complex process of oncoplastic breast surgery towards cosmetic outcome assessment. This is due to the necessity of the mathematical model to account for both the biological processes of wound healing, the biomechanical behaviour of living tissues and the corresponding wound contraction on the breast.


Aquatic oligochaetes, constituting a most important component of the benthic invertebrates of littoral zones of fresh water bodies like pond, tank, ditches etc., are poorly known in India. These worms belqng to Phylum Annelida and are grouped together along with few earthworms into the group microdrili. There are three families such as Aelosomatidae, Naididae and Tubificidae under aquatic oligochaetes.


The 2-metalation of enantiomerically pure (S)-(2-methoxy-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)ferrocene FcSMP (1) with BuLi proceeds with high diastereoselectivity (up to 98% de) to yield the Ph2P-substituted ferrocene (S,Sp)-2a after quenching with Ph2PCl. The SMP moiety was removed by heating of 2a at reflux in acetic anhydride to give planar chiral (Sp)-2-diphenylphosphanylferrocenylmethyl acetate (5). The diastereoisomer (S,Rp)-2b was synthesized from 1 by intermediately blocking the primary metalation site with a Me3Si group which can be removed afterwards by treatment with KOtBu in DMSO. Compound 2a was treated with [(C3H5)PdCl]2 to give the complex [(C3H5)Pd·2a]PF6 (7·PF6). The structure of 7·PF6 was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and showed 2a to act as a bidentate P,N-chelate ligand.


Efficiency of multi-step cascade reactions can be enhanced by optimization of the bio-catalysts stoichiometry. A model was built to predict an optimized total enzyme load and mass ratio between the two enzymes. Here we use the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation to develop the model. Differential equations involved in the dynamic simulations were solved using an iterative program written in python 3.7. The model gives insights to achieve high conversion efficiency and low enzyme loading. The quality of the product and yield can be enhanced by the optimization of the stoichiometry of the enzymes. The output of the model for the 99.95% conversion was the mass ratio of DhaA31: HheCwt (0.82: 0.18) and total loading of enzyme 2.2 mg.


Nowadays, more and more patients need hemodialysis. For the patients with chronic renal failure without arteriovenous fistula, central vein catheter has become an important dialysis pathway. With the increase of the number of catheters, the complications of catheterization are also more


The parallel raster generation method of physical elements of the space plane Voronoi diagram was set up using OpenMP for loop iterations and function calling based on data source of Xi'an digital maps,the parallel method efficiency has improved significantly comparing with the serial method.


"Results from our in vitro model suggest that the sequence 24h MTA → 1h dFdC → RT is the most rational design and would, after confirmation in an in vivo setting, possibly provide the greatest benefit in the clinic."


a rising complexity of these systems. Using model-based development methods is one approach to face this challenge. This implies, that the entire development process, from the definition of requirements through to the design, commissioning and operation of the system is supported by physical models. In this paper, an overview about the enhancements arising from model-based engineering methods is presented. Therefore, first methods focusing on the design/commissioning phase, which are already used within industrial applications are presented. Afterwards, currently developed techniques aiming on the operation phase of a system, which are enabled through the upcoming digitalization, are considered.


Intended for chemists and nuclear physicists, this book explores the usefulness of nuclear methods for studying chemical structures. It discusses the phenomena of nuclear science which form the base of methods for studying the geometrical, electronic and magnetic structure of materials.


Moving to this new era of innovation, where process and manufacturing demands are emphasising the importance of recyclability, renewability and sustainability, the textile manufacturing industry is actively assessing emerging technologies that embrace the same. Consumers are now more conscious of the origin of garments and garment accessories than ever before. Organic renewable processes are preferably encouraged and they get full acceptance when garments are involved least with environmental pollution. The chemical processing industry in textiles has recently seen research booming into a much needed sector where traditional solvents, predominantly volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for environmental pollution, are being replaced by designer' solvents called 'ionic liquids' (ILs). ILs used at room-temperature, are often colourless and easy handling and in addition can be renewed and reused. The properties of the environmentally benign ILs can be customised according to the need of the process parameters and therefore are called designer' solvents. Natural and synthetic polymers are being resynthesised and regenerated with the aid of ILs facilitating the exploration of exotic polymer blends and novel application areas. This paper highlights recent advancements in textile processing involving ILs. The focus is on how this new class of solvents is pushing the boundaries of knowledge and revamping a broadspectrum of manufacturing industries.


Denosumab (Prolia), a human monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclast activity, is licensed for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at increased risk of fracture and bone loss in men undergoing hormone ablation. In our New products review, Steve Chaplin presents the clinical data relating to its efficacy and adverse effects and Professor Juliet Compston discusses its place in fracture prevention.


Using a cross-sectional survey from a relatively large sample of adult women, we examined the relationships of objectified body consciousness (OBC) to physical activity levels, dietary intake, and self-efficacy to control one's weight through exercise or healthy eating. OBC accounted for a small, statistically significant amount of variation in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Self-efficacy partially mediated the weak relationship between control beliefs and vigorous physical activity. Differences in OBC between weight control motivation groups (those trying to lose weight vs. maintain weight) and body mass index levels were found. Findings indicate a complex interaction of OBC with health behavior, having associations with restrained and disordered eating, but little to no relationship with physical activity and dietary food choices.


Dear Editor:

We read with interest this article by Patel et al. [1] (A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy of Lateral Branch Neurotomy for Chronic Sacroiliac Joint Pain, Pain Med. 2012 Feb 2. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01328.x. Epub ahead of print). The authors have compared the efficacy …


Male white patient, 74 years of age, with a history of hypertension and nephrotic syndrome, probably secondary to membranous glomerulopathy, who was treated by a nephrology specialist. Three months earlier he began with progressive abdominal swelling and epigastric discomfort, unrelated to food intake. He also presented with a moderate amount of postprandial vomiting. Based on all these facts, he was admitted to hospital. In the physical examination, it was noticed the pale straw-colored skin and subcutaneous cellular tissue infiltration in lower limbs up to the knees. The edema was soft, white, cold and with an easy pitting. It was also noticed a painless hepatomegaly which exceeded in 5cm the costal margin of the nodular surface, and an irregular border. The abdominal ultrasound reported a liver with hepatomegaly of 4cm, with four echogenic nodular images with hypoechogenic center. It was established the possibility that the nephrotic syndrome in this patient was of paraneoplastic etiology secondary to prostate cancer with poly-metastatic liver. An interconsultation was requested with the urology specialist. Laparoscopy was performed with no evidence of nodular lesions on the liver surface; however, hepatomegaly was found but without being able to define its etiology. A moderate ascites of milky aspect was also found. After these findings, it was decided to discharge the patient and wait for the results of ten Prostatic Specific Antigen test and prostate biopsy, but it was later reported that the material obtained was insufficient for diagnosis. After being discharged the patient returned to hospital and died at the Emergency Room. At necropsy, morphological findings were determined, that together with the clinical symptoms, allowed the diagnosis of the case as a plasma cell neoplasia of primary systemic AL amyloidosis type.


This paper presents an integral methodology based in a multi-machine criterion for locating and tuning power system stabilizers to help improving a test system's oscillatory problems, caused by the presence of modes with poor or negative damping. This can be achieved with the development of programmed applications in DIgSILENT PowerFactory (DPL Scripts). The methodology consists in performing a small signal stability analysis in the test system; obtaining the eigenvalues, eigenvectors and participation factors which will be used to identify the best locations for PSS placement. Afterwards, a heuristic optimizer will be used to identify the optimal parameters for each PSS in order to damp poor-damped oscillation modes.


Introduction by Alexa Alfer and Michael J. Noble Of Prisms and Prose: Reading Paintings in A. S. Byatt's Work by Michael Worton A Modern "Seer Blest": The Visionary Child in The Virgin in the Garden by Judith Plotz Realism and Its Discontents: The Virgin in the Garden and Still Life by Alexa Alfer A Tower of Tongues: Babel Tower and the Art of Memory by Michael J. Noble In Search of Self and Self-Fulfillment: Themes and Strategies in A. S. Byatt's Early Novels by Kuno Schuhmann "What's Love Got to Do with It?": Postmodernism and Possession by Jackie Buxton Conclusion in Possession by Jean-Louis Chevalier Wonder-Tales Hiding a Truth: Retelling Tales in The Djinn in the Nightingale's Eye by Annegret Maack "Forever Possibilities. And Impossibilities, of course": Women and Narrative in The Djinn in the Nightingale's Eye by Jane Campbell Writing Natural History: "Morpho Eugenia" by Sally Shuttleworth Angels and Insects: Theory, Analogy, Metamorphosis by Michael Levenson True Stories and the Facts in Fiction by A. S. Byatt Bibliography Index


A method is described for stereocontrolled synthesis of (+)-3-ethylcompactin (1c), a compound that inhibits rat liver HMG CoA reductase with a similar potency to mevinolin. The synthetic approach is a general one and involves linking a pent-4-enal (3) with a substituted cyclohexenone (2). Evans asymmetric alkylation was used (Scheme 2) to prepare the oxazolidinone (6). Ozonolysis, acetalization, and reduction (LiAlH4) then gave the alcohol (9), and this was transformed by Swern oxidation, Wittig methylenation, and acid hydrolysis into (R)-3-ethylpent-4-enal (12). Aldol condensation (Scheme 3) of the cyclohexenone (2) with the aldehyde (12), followed by triethylsilylation, and ozonolysis gave the enone aldehyde (15). A modified McMurry reaction, requiring an excess of a reagent prepared from C8K and TiCl3(2:1 molar ratio) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, then produced the hexahydronaphthyl ether (16), which was converted into (+)-3-ethylcompactin by appropriate modification of the oxygen functionality.


' WHAT then was an enthymeme ? Oxford! thou wilt think us mad to ask. Certainly we knew, what all the world knows, that an enthymeme was understood to be a syllogism of which one proposition is suppressed — major, minor, or conclusion. But what possible relation had that to rhetoric ? Nature sufficiently prompts all men to that sort of ellipsis; and what impertinence in a teacher to build his whole system upon a solemn precept to do this or that, when the rack would not have forced any man to do otherwise !' So wrote De Quincey eighty-five years ago and proceeded to demonstrate that the enthymeme of Aristotle is something quite different. But as a writer of authority—I mean the late E. M. Cope—has striven to perpetuate the view that the enthymeme of Aristotle is almost identical with the enthymeme of later times, it cannot be held superfluous to examine the question again.


it: articles describe the impact of streaming media, questions of intellectual property being broadcast, new applications that rely on broadcast, discussions of privacy concerns with broadcast, etc. We are invited to electronically join broadcast meetings over the Internet, we can choose to listen to famous or obscure streaming radio stations from most corners of the globe, and we are promised a future where we will receive high-definition digital TV. Clearly, broadcasting is an important technology. But can we do it securely? And what does "secure broadcast" mean? To us, secure broadcast revolves around two themes:


Aims: Justicia secunda is a widely distributed plant that is used in the traditional improvement of well-being and treatment of several illnesses and diseases, including anemia. There is limited research on the effect of extracts of the plant on body and organ weights and their effects on organ architecture.
Study Design: This was a laboratory-based study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Chemistry and Biochemistry Resources Research Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry of Hallmark University, Ijebu-IItele, Ogun State, Nigeria, from July 2021 to September 2022.
Methodology: This research therefore investigated the toxicity of an aqueous extract of J. secunda leaf on selected organs in male Wistar rats. Mature male rats (15) were divided into three groups (n = 5): Group I (the negative control) received distilled water; Group II and Group III received 200 and 300 mg/Kg doses of the extract, respectively, via oral route, once daily for 14 days. The rats were weighed before being sacrificed; the weights of the kidneys, liver, heart, and spleen were also determined, and histological analysis was carried out on the heart, kidneys, and liver.
Results: There was significant (p<0.001) concentration-dependent reduction in body weights with hepatomegaly in the extract-administered rats. The kidneys of Group III rats were significantly (p<0.05) larger than those of the negative control group. Histology revealed severe vascular congestion and edema in the liver of Group III rats and inflammation in the hearts of Group II rats.
Conclusion: This study shows that repeated usage of the aqueous extract of Justicia secunda leaf should be done with caution due to its negative effects on the liver and the heart in rats.
Keywords: Justicia secunda, Hepatomegaly, vascular congestion, weight-reduction, extract inflammatory, toxicity.


IPv6 is the next generation Internet Protocol designated by IETF and is a successor of Internet Protocol version 4. It is predicted that Internet Protocol version 4 addresses will get exhausted by end of 2012[1]. The main driving force for the redesign of Internet Protocol - was the foreseeable IPv4 address exhaustion because of its limited address space (which is 2^32 addresses) coupled by the growth of Internet and Internet enabled services. IPv6 provides flexibility in meeting the addressing needs necessitated by the exponential growth of Internet and Internet enabled services. However, migrating from IPv4 to IPv6 is not a trivial task and requires Internet service providers to upgrade their network, systems and services infrastructure which needs time and money. Hence, today majority of the Internet service providers are not able to arrive at a decision on when is the "right time" for them to deploy IPv6 in their network and services. This whitepaper provides a view of typical timelines and high level approach involved in IPv6 migration considering residential broadband service as an example. This coupled with the kind of rolled out services, geography and the availability of IPv4 address space will determine when the Internet service provider needs to migrate to avoid revenue and market share loss.


A critical group for a class of groups X is a minimal non-X -group. The critical groups are determined for various classes of finite groups. As a consequence, a classification of the minimal non-nilpotent groups (also called Schmidt groups) is given, together with a complete proof of Gol'fand's theorem on maximal Schmidt groups.


A study of the InGaP/GaAsSb/GaAs double heterojunction bipolar transistor (DHBT) is presented. Novel device structure is designed. A fully strained pseudomorphic GaAsSb with 8.0% Sb composition is used as the base layer, while an InGaP layer as the emitter which both eliminates the misfit dislocations and increases the valence band discontinuity at the InGaP/GaAsSb interface. A current gain of 22.6 has been obtained from the InGaP/GaAsSb/GaAs DHBT. Typical turn-on voltage of the device is 0.973 V which is 0.116V lower than that of traditional InGaP/GaAs HBT. Moreover, the current transport mechanism of the InGaP/GaAsSb/GaAs DHBTs is investigated. These results show that GaAsSb is a promising base material for reducing the turn-on voltage of GaAs HBTs.


A potential for the interaction of methane molecules with the framework atoms of siliceous zeolites is developed empirically. The CH4 molecule is considered in the spherical approximation. The interaction potential includes repulsion, dispersion, and induction energy. It is shown that even if the effective charges on the framework oxygen and silicon atoms are large, the contribution of the induction energy is weak in comparison with those of dispersion and repulsion energies due to compensation effects. The calculated parameters of a Lennard-Jones potential are compared with those used in previous MD calculations. As an application we calculate diffusion coefficients and the heat of adsorption of methane in silicalite which can be compared to available experimental data.


Visible/near-infrared diode lasers are well-suited for use as spectroscopic light sources in detection of a wide variety of gases by optical absorption. The high spectral resolution of these devices permits the selective detection of targeted species, while their characteristics of low cost, room temperature operation, and compatibility with fiber optics make them attractive for instrument development. A partial list of industrially or environmentally significant gases that may be measured by near-IR diode laser spectroscopy includes oxygen, water vapor, methane, acetylene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen halides, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen oxides. This paper describes recent work at Southwest Sciences in development of diode laser-based instrumentation for industrial or environmental monitoring applications. Instrumentation utilizing a 1.393 micrometers DFB diode laser for measurement of trace moisture contamination in high purity process gases is described. In addition, recent laboratory studies to characterize the performance of new types of diode lasers in gas sensing applications are discussed, including vertical cavity surface emitting lasers in the 650 to 960 nm region and antimonide-based lasers in the 2.6 micrometers region.


Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are widely used to detect epileptic seizures in a patient's neuronal activity. Since visual inspection and interpretation of EEG signal are time-consuming and prone to errors, various computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) tools have been proposed. In this paper, we present a novel automated detection system to distinguish between intracranial EEG time courses with seizures and those that are seizure-free based on complexity measures. Specifically, the features used to characterize the EEG signals are estimates of multiscaling properties over a large spectrum measured by using the generalized Hurst exponent. We tested the capacity of these estimates to correctly classify seizure intervals using a publicly available data set. Using the k-nearest neighbor classifier and testing with tenfold cross validation, we achieved 100% accurate classification. Our proposed CAD system outperformed the existing state-of-the-art models. Moreover, our CAD system is not only accurate but also fast and simple to implement. Therefore, it can be used as an expert system to support a decision in clinical applications.


Was it business or pleasure that brought the Queen of Sheba to Solomon's court? A newly discovered South Arabian inscription documents a Sabaean commercial expedition to the "towns of Judah," confirming the economic reality behind the Bible's most famous long-distance relationship.


Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic effect of anthracycline chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer and its impact on Estradiol and tumor size. Methods: A total of 136 breast cancer patients in our hospital were divided into NH group (anthracycline chemotherapy) and CG group (non-anthracycline chemotherapy). The clinical effects on patients in both groups were observed. The levels of estrone (E1), estradiol (E2) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) before and after treatment were measured. The tumor size, adverse reactions and 2-year survival rate of NH group and CG group were evaluated after 1-3 courses of treatment. Results: There was no significant difference in the serum E1, E2 and FSH levels before treatment between the NH group and the CG group (p > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of E1 and E2 in the NH group and the CG group were lower than those before treatment, and the FSH levels were higher than those before treatment (p < 0.05). Compared with the NH group, whilst the FSH levels were lower, the E1 and E2 levels in the CG group were significantly higher. There was no significant difference in the tumor size between the NH group and the CG group before treatment (p > 0.05). Compared with those of before treatment, the FSH levels in the NH group and the CG group after treatment were higher (p < 0.05). The tumor volume gradually decreased over the course of treatment, and the tumor size during treatment in the NH group was smaller than that of the CG group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The 2-year survival rate of NG group and CG group was 82.3% and 71.3%, respectively with the NH group being significantly higher than that of the CG group. Conclusions: The effects of anthracycline on advanced breast cancer was better, showing lowered levels of serum E2, and decreased tumor volumes.


* Australian Centre for Industrial Relations Research and Training, University of Sydney, NSW 2006. Traditionally Australian wage determination has involved specialiscd state agencies providing the setting in which employers, unions and workers settle agreements, written and unwritten, individual and collective. Until recent times the formal elements of the system have been built around the equal standing of unions and employer representatives in setting basic standards under the authority of industrial tribunals. As a matter of practice, however, employers at workplace and enterprise level have, in many industries, enjoyed considerable autonomy in the setting of wages and conditions above minimum standards.' Developments in 1996 confirmed the steady reduction of union influence in the formal process of wage determination and a consequent increase in the relative power enjoyed by employers in setting pay. The changing role of industrial tribunals in these trends was also clarified during the year. At both state and federal level they played an active role in facilitating the development of new, non-union and, in some cases, individual contracts of employment. As the year unfolded a number of key events occurred at national, state and industry levels and important new information on how wages are set within the


Principal-agency risk is a basic problem in the corporate governance.Classical researches concentrate on the agency relation but not on the character of the agency risk,so the research results can improve the agency relation but can not prevent the agency risk effectively.This paper introduce the risk resource solution according to the classical corporate governance theory at first,then focuses on the essence of agency risk instead of agency relation as the traditional theory,analyses thoroughly the agency risk from the economic dimension,political dimension,culture dimension and time dimension,afterwards gives solution strategy based on the multi-dimension analysis.


Water is a kind of precious nature resource,how to use it effectively is the major task facing by human being within twenty-one century.The purpose of this paper is aimed at how to use water resource perfectly,and introduced a concept of classification reuse of water resource.


Objective Analysis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)of different operations on the impact of long-term complications,surgical treatments in order to find the most reasonable way.Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical information of PTC patients inⅠ,Ⅱstage hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 1998 to 2012.According to different inclusion criteria selected,247 cases of stageⅠandⅡ PTC were divided 3 groups:A group of patients were taken gland lobectomy plus the gland isthmus resection;B group were taken thyroid lobe resection,isthmus total resection and contralateral subtotal operation;C group were performed total thyroidectomy.Lymph node metastasis,recurrence and complications were measured.Their surgical methods and postoperative complications in the relationship between were analyzed statistically.Results The statistical analysis showed that Lymph node metastasis,recurrence rate and complications are closely related with different operations.In stageⅠ PTC,there was no significant difference in recurrence,lymphatic metastasis among 3 surgical groups(P 0.05);Complications of A group had significant difference with B group and C group(P 0.05).In stageⅡ PTC,Lymph node metastasis and recurrence rate of A group had significant difference with B group and C group(P 0.05).There were no significant difference in recurrence,lymphatic metastasis and complications in B group with C group(P 0.05).Conclusion For stageⅠ patients,gland lobectomy plus the gland isthmus resection is the best choice.For stageⅡ patients,total thyroidectomy can give patients hope for cure to reduce the postperative recurrence and metastasis.


Theory about efficiency and equity based on Pareto value is one of the important contents in western economies.This article exposes that the substance of Pareto value makes the private ownership of the means of production and dictatorship of the bourgeoisie be rationalized and legalized.It also holds the opinion that capitalism economic system and class contradictory is the origin of the contradiction between efficiency and equity.Only when exploiting class and unequal right are demised,can the unity of efficiency and equity,based on people's benefit,become true.


Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge is considered in the article as an analogue of the natural processes of oil formation (catagenesis). A comparison of the physicochemical composition of primary and secondary sludge with type II kerogen (natural precursor of oil) showed their similarity. Both types of sludge have a slightly higher level of oxygen and nitrogen. The study tested the hypothesis that the elements included in the inorganic part of the oil source rocks can have a catalytic effect on the oil formation processes. For the conducted studies of sludge HTL, the catalysts containing cations and substances found in oil source rocks were chosen: as homogeneous catalysts (KOH, NaOH, NH4Fe(SO4)2, CoCl6, NiSO4, CuSO4, ZnSO4, MoO3) and as heterogeneous catalysts (MgO, Zeolite, Al2O3). The effectiveness of catalysts containing metal ions, zeolite and aluminum oxide has been proven. The highest biocrude yield was achieved in a process with NiSO4 as the catalyst in a dose 2 g per 10 g of sludge: oil yield increased by 34.9% and 63.4% in the processing of primary and secondary sludge, respectively. The use of catalysts provided an increase in fuel HHV by 10.8–12.5%, which is associated with a decrease in oxygen content (by 10.8–43.2%) with a simultaneous increase in carbon (by 7.9–10.9%) and hydrogen (by 6.5–18.7%) content.