Separation of economic information of conflict situations, created by the DOJ forensic examination of the general array of economic information and study of the mechanism and the consequences of its impact on management decisions, improving the mechanisms for its creation will allow obtaining an economic effect from a positive impact on management decisions in the long run.
Destruction of criminal schemes of interactions is a logical stage in the development of the economy on the path towards the formation of a quality economy of the region. Therefore, it is logical to have the tools that provide this process. Forensic economic expertise, the author is considered as a modern form of one of the tools that participates in a complex of actions to destroy the forms of undesirable economic systems, creating a "chaos" as a prerequisite for the creation of new ones. At the same time, the formation of these prerequisites does not guarantee the fundamental quality of the new systems of economic interactions. Thus, the process of forming a high-quality economy should be aimed not only at the elimination of the consequences of administrative decisions that are undesirable for the economy of the region, not only for the formation of a "fear" to be punished for it, but also for the formation of prerequisites for the acceptance by managers at the micro level of decisions that will provide a positive direction of economic development of the region as a whole.
The activity of a separate research institute of forensic examinations of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine has a regional status, regional closure and regional effectiveness, that is, we deal with the object, above all, the regional level of integrity and manageability. At the same time, all research institutes of forensic examinations of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine work on the same principles and use the same methods of conducting forensic examinations included in the register of certified expert methods.


The English level of national universities in the western part of the country is always lower than others parts, and thisphenomenon is related to the local economy and education level. Based on the education problems of the western national universi-ties, the author will give a deep analysis of these problems and try to figure out a way to solve them, so that the efficiency of the lo-cal English education would be improved.


Accurate prediction of thermal-hydraulic parameters, such as the spatial gas/liquid orientation or flow regime, is required for implementation of two-phase systems. Although many flow regime transition models exist, accurate determination of both annular and slug regime boundaries is not well defined especially at lower flow rates. Furthermore, models typically indicate the regime as a sharp transition where data may indicate a transition space. Texas A&M has flown in excess of 35 flights aboard the NASA KC-135 aircraft with a unique two-phase package. These flights have produced a significant database of gravity dependent two-phase data including visual observations for flow regime identification. Two-phase flow tests conducted during recent zero-g flights have added to the flow regime database and are shown in this paper with comparisons to selected transition models.


Abstract: Synaptic membrane (SPM) and postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions isolated from cerebral cortex (CTX) and cerebellum (CL) of canine brain, either fresh or frozen and isolated from either fresh or frozen tissue, were found to contain L‐[3H]glutamate binding sites. It was found that there was a concentration of L‐glutamate binding sites in CTX‐PSD and CL‐PSD over the respective membrane fractions, and the Bmax value of CL‐PSD (92.0 pmol/mg protein) was about three times that of CTX‐PSD (28.9 pmol/mg). The results, together with those of others, suggest that the thin CL‐PSD are probably derived from the excitatory synapses in the molecular layer. The ion dependency of L‐glutamate binding to canine CTX‐SPM fraction was found to be similar to that reported for a rat brain SPM fraction: (a) Cl− increased the number of L‐glutamate binding sites and the effect was enhanced by Ca2+; Ca2+ alone had no significant effect; (b) the Cl−/Ca2+ ‐sensitive binding sites were abolished by 2‐amino‐4‐phosphonobutyrate (APB) or freezing and thawing: (c) the effect of Na+ ion was biphasic: low concentration of Na+ (< 5 mM) decreased Cl−7Ca2+ ‐de‐pendent L‐glutamate binding sites, whereas at higher concentrations of Na+ the binding of glutamate was found to increase either in the presence or absence of Ca2+ and Cl−. In addition, the K+ ion (50 mM) was found to decrease the Na+‐independent and Cl−/Ca2‐‐independent binding of L‐glutamate to fresh CTX‐SPM by 18%, but it decreased the Na−‐dependent and Cl−/Ca2+‐independent L‐glutamate binding by 93%; in the presence of Cl, −/Ca2+, the K+ ion decreased the Na+‐dependent binding by 78%. Freezing and thawing of CTX‐SPM resulted in a 50% loss of the Na+‐dependent L‐glutamate binding sites assayed in the absence of Ca2+ and Cl−. The CL‐SPM fraction showed similar ion dependency of L‐glutamate binding except for the absence of Na−‐dependent glutamate binding sites. The CTX‐PSD fraction contained neither Na+‐dependent nor APB (or Cl−/Ca2+)‐sensitive L‐glutamate binding sites and its L‐glutamate binding was unaffected by freezing and thawing, in agreement with the reported findings using rat brain PSD preparation. L‐Glutamate binding to CTX‐SPM or CTX‐PSD fraction was not affected by pretreatment with 10 mM L‐glutamate, nor by simultaneous incubations with calmodulin. Also, phosphorylation of CTX‐SPM or CTX‐PSD fraction, whether incubated simultaneously or after removal of the phosphorylating reagents, had no effect on binding of L‐glutamate. Furthermore, binding of L‐glutamate to CTX‐SPM or CTX‐PSD was found to have no significant effect on subsequent phosphorylation of the fractions. Treatment of the CTX‐PSD fraction with 0.5% deoxycholate, 1.0% N‐lauroyl sarcosinate, 4 M guanidine‐HCl, pH 7.0, 0.5 M KCl, and 1.0 M KCl removed the L‐glutamate receptors from the PSD by 25%, 44%, 40%, 8%, and 11%. respectively. The respective percentages of total protein solubilized by these reagents were similar, indicating no preferential dissociation of the receptors, and suggesting that the L‐glutamate receptor is an intrinsic PSD component. The present findings, together with the earlier ones showing the presence of γ‐aminobutyric acid and flunitrazepam binding sites, of the Ca2+‐dependent K+ channel, and of the voltage‐dependent Ca2+ channel proteins in the isolated PSD fraction, suggest that many, if not all, neurotransmitter receptor proteins and ion channel proteins are anchored in the PSD at the synapse, and thus the PSD may play an important role in neurotransmission at the postsynaptic site.


The authors describe a rare case of intrapulmonary solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Morphologically, the tumor showed a disorganized or "patternless" arrangement of plump to spindle cells in a collagenous stroma. Tumor cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, but not for keratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, factor‐VIII related antigen, S‐100 protein, desmin, and actin. These immunohistochemical findings suggested fibroblastic differentiation, in keeping with the putative submesothelial origin of the tumor. The problems concerning the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) preoperative diagnosis of SFT are briefly discussed. Diagn Cytopathol 1996;14:64–67. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


One of the greatest problems of modern production techniques is the achievement of an appropriate quality at minimal costs and accompanied by the production efficiency increase. Therefore, while designing the production process, the technology used should have a considerable influence on the durability and reliability of machine parts to be produced. During finish treatment, the final dimensions as well as functional properties are imparted to a given element by application of proper treatment type. The engineer has a range of production techniques to choose for the proper surface layer formation. It is crucial to find a suitable solution which will meet the requirements as well as the work conditions of a given machine part. The article presents the preliminary research results referring to the analysis of the influence of finishing lathing on the cutting forces and surface roughness of steel. The research was performed on a roller 39 mm in diameter made of S235JR steel. The finish tooling of pump shaft pins was carrying out on a universal centre lathe. The finish lathing process was carried out by means of a CCMT 09T304 PF Sandvik Coromant cutting tool with replaceable inserts. During the research, the effect of changes in the depth of cut on the value of cutting forces and temperature was defined. In addition, the influence of the depth of cut on the surface roughness was determined.


Nuclei with energies of several GeV/n interact with hadrons and produce fragments that encompass the fields of nuclear physics, •eson physics, and particle physics. Experimental results are now available to explore problems in nuclear physics such as a) the validity of the shell moJel to expl >n the momentum distribution of fragments b) the contribution of gi« t dipole resonances to fragment production cross sections c) the effective coulomb barrier d) nuclear temperatures. A new approach to meson physics is possible by exploring the nucleon charge exchange process. Particle physics problems are explored by a) measuring he energy and target depen dence of isotope production cross sections, thus determining if lim iting fragmentation and target factorization are valid, b) measuring total cross sections to determine if the factorization relation, °AB°AA-BB 1 S v i o l ^ e d Also, new experiments have been done to measure the angular distri bution of fragments that could be explained; as nuclear shock waves, and to explore for ultradense matter produced by very heavy ions incident on heavy atoms. INTRODUCTION Theories that describe large baryon number hadronic interac tions have been very distinct from theories that describe small baryon number interactions. The result is that "nuclear" physics and "particle" physics are usually regaTded as difference subjects. 1 2 Chew * has pointed out that one reason for the dirference in approach is that the energy level spacing for low baryon number, (e.g. B=0, 1) are orders of magnitude higher than for B^2. The interactions of relativistic heavy ions could be expected to have some of the properties of single hadron-hadron collisions. In particular, limiting fragmentation and factorization could be expected at energies of a few GeV/n. The interaction radius in creases with projectile mass, thus the classical limit of the center of mass wavelength being much less than the interaction radius is easily satisfied. The center of mass momentum for a projectile M incident on a target M-, is — NOTICE— m* iapo-l wii picpma: ai an atxova' el noia VMM!* b, the UnftM Sum GmcrruwM. UeiHici On IMttd Slalaa lio» ihr UnHaa SUI« Entriy •tntaics and PualopmtM MnuAlmioii, nor iiiy at * « • cnpJoym, w iny ar ihtu conmciati. mboninclori. 01 Ihdi emptoyw, main in , •wnnly. itptm 01 Inpaed, 01 IBUIBM in, kfil labliir at ittpoiuAUty fat l it accuiicy. complelcnca « utthunca ol ill, lalonnailon, ipparatiji. pradiicl or proem •adowd. oi rraracnli thai 111 uw wouM not aifnaae , rlwtly aaaied rlahll.


The paper discusses methodological aspects related to the category of corruption. The forms of its manifestations, including symptoms of regional corruption have been revealed.


Dasatinib is a key therapeutic option in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Previous case reports associated it with acute colitis. This is another report that demonstrates a link between dasatinib and chronic colitis akin to inflammatory bowel disease, in patients undergoing therapy with dasatinib for a prolonged time.


A descriptive study was carried out in the Emergency Department of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, from Oct 2022-April 2023 to assess the incidence of 30 days mortality in STEMI patients with varying hematocrit levels. A total of 440 cases with ST-segment elevation MI with varying hematocrit levels (anemia and erythrocytosis) were included in the study. In our study, the average age was 44.12+10.16 years, 273 (62%) were male, and 167 (37.9%) were females; frequency of different hematocrit levels was recorded, which showed that 263 (59.7%) had anemia and 177 (40.2%) had erythrocytosis. Out of 263 cases of anemia, 26 (9.8%) and out of 177 cases of erythrocytosis, 11 (6.2%) were recorded with mortality, while the remaining 237 (90.8%) cases of anemia and 166 (94.3%) of erythrocytosis had no mortality, the p-value was calculated as 0.17 which shows the insignificant difference between the two groups. We concluded that the frequency of 30 days mortality in STEMI patients is higher in anemic patients than in erythrocytosis, but hematocrit levels could be used as a biomarker for mortality in STEMI.


BREAST CANCER IS THE MOST COMMONLY DIAGNOSED CANcer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality among women in the United States. Advances in early detection, surgical treatment, and chemotherapy have led to significant improvements in breast cancer survival, particularly among women with early stage disease.Current estimates indicate that thereareat least2.4million women who are breast cancer survivors in the United States. Among these women, there is particular concern about the long-term risk of recurrence. Whether that risk might be modified through changes in lifestyle habits such as diet has been an important question for investigation. Results of observational epidemiologic studies on associations of dietary patterns high in fruits and vegetables, low in fat, or both with risk of recurrence or survival are inconsistent. Although it is not possible to draw firm conclusions about the potential benefits of such dietary patterns from the results of those studies, a growing body of evidence is emerging from randomized clinical trials designed specifically to examine the effects of dietary interventions on breast cancer prognosis. In this issue of JAMA, Pierce and colleagues report the results of the Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Study. The WHEL Study was a randomized controlled trial designed toassesswhetheran intensivedietary interventionaimed at increasing fruits to 3 servings/d, vegetables to 5 servings/d, and fiber to 30 g/d and decreasing fat intake to 15% to 20% of total calories would reduce the risk of recurrence, new primary invasive breast cancer, or mortality among survivors of early stage (stages I-IIIA) breast cancer. In this multicenter study, 3088 women who had diagnosis and treatment within the past 4 years were randomly assigned to either the intensive intervention group or a less-intensive comparison group that was advised to follow the 5-A-Day program. After an average follow-up period of 7.3 years, there were no differences in the risk of recurrence or incidence of a new primary breast cancer (P=.63) or in the risk of overall mortality (P=.43) between the 2 groups. Similarly, there were no between-group prognostic differences according to baseline demographic characteristics, including body mass index, or clinical characteristics, including tumor stage and hormone receptor status. Furthermore, the interventionshowednobenefit forwomenwhose diet at baseline was low in fruits, vegetables, or fiber or high in fat. The Women's Intervention Nutrition Study (WINS) is another randomized clinical trial designed specifically to assess whether a low-fat diet (15% of total calories) affects breast cancer recurrence or survival. In that study, which enrolled 2437 women within 1 year of diagnosis of early stage breast cancer (stages I-IIIA), interim results showed a significant benefit (P=.03) on the hazard ratio for relapse-free survival after a median of 5 years of follow-up among women randomized to the low-fat dietary intervention group compared with the control group, which received minimal dietary guideline information. Results of an exploratory analysis suggested that the beneficial effect of the low-fat intervention might be isolated to women with estrogen and progesterone receptor–negative breast cancers. While there is debate regarding the differential effects of the low-fat intervention according to hormone receptor status and whether this difference could be explained by variation in the hazard rates for recurrences of hormone receptor–positive vs –negative breast cancers according to length of follow-up, a recent update and analysis of WINS data based on 8 years of follow-up demonstrated similar benefits in the low-fat diet group. These conflicting results from the WHEL Study and WINS regarding the potential benefits of a dietary modification on long-term breast cancer prognosis require careful consideration. In particular, a key issue is the difference in energy balance that was achieved between WINS and WHEL Study participants. In WINS, over the 5-year follow-up, there was a continuous increase in the difference in self-reported total energyintakebetweentheinterventionandcomparisongroups. Consequently, women randomized to the low-fat intervention experienced significant weight loss, with a 6-lb (2.7 kg) weight difference between intervention and control women at 5 years. Conversely, in the WHEL Study, self-reported total energy intake decreased to a comparable extent in both the interventionandcomparisongroups through6yearsof followup, and both groups experienced small weight gains (ie, 0.6 and 0.4 kg, respectively). It is unclear whether the difference inenergybalance,asreflectedbyweightchange,partlyaccounts


Cardiorespiratory arrest is a common affection in small animal practice. Thus, internal cardiac massage has not been addressed with adequate instruments for its realization, which implies slower thoracic inlet through the use of Finochietto retractor. In this way, the aim of this article was to disclose the project of a rib retractor that could decrease the thoracic opening time, properly allowing internal cardiac massage. Ten canine corpses, with corporal mass between tree and 60 kg, were employed, with non-related to thoracic injuries causa mortis . Mechanical efficiency calculation was also accomplished. The Ventura Retractor was capable of decreasing the thoracic opening time, making it easier to execute, thanks to its simple and mechanically efficient design, which can concur to outliving.


A DC motor widely uses for sensitive speed and position in industry. Stability and productivity of a system are important for controlling of a DC motor speed. Stable of speed which affected from load fluctuation and environmental factors. Therefore, it is important for the speed value which is required as constant and to keep it as its value. In this study, it is aimed that the speed value which is achieved as required value and keeping it as constant using Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controller for tuning parameters. Firstly, Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) is one of a traditional method used. PID parameters are determined with responses of open-loop under running system. Later, parameters of the PID are estimated using two metaheuristic algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). As a result, three algorithms' results are compared based on five criteria.  The PSO algorithm produces better results than Genetic Algorithm for each criteria.


This thesis addresses two main issues related to the housing market in China. It discovers:
i) the key driving forces behind the movements of housing price and the evaluation of
the model's capacity in fitting the data. ii) try to identify whether the Chinese housing
market can be explained better by using a model with collateral constraint. The Dynamic
Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model including the housing sector and capturing
some important features of the Chinese economy is employed to explore the above questions.
Moreover, an Indirect Inference method is used to explore these issues in an empirical way.
Estimation results show that the estimated model using Indirect Inference method can explain
the data behaviour well. The estimated model shows that the capital demand shock plays a
significant major role in explaining the housing price dynamic. In terms of the second issue,
the Indirect Inference testing results show that the model with collateral constraint cannot
provide better performance in explaining the data.


While it has been more than 30 years since sustainability appeared in the development agenda, it remains a fashionable concept with an underdeveloped social dimension and no common understanding. In infrastructure, social sustainability has been neglected or limited to positive social impacts without considering negative social impacts linked to the prevention and redress of business-related human rights abuses on workers, end-users and communities. Through a literature review, this paper explores how sustainability is framed in theory, particularly its social dimension in the context of infrastructure. Across a qualitative analysis of a socially sustainable road project—Necaxa—and a socially unsustainable—Paso Expres—it further explores the elements that frame social sustainability in Mexican practice of road infrastructure, including the role that businesses and human rights play.


Different communities With respect to the topic of the role of time in systems there seem to be several communities. The RealTime community (RTC) is essentially concerned with properties of task sets and resource allocation (reservation) policies. Typical questions circle around topics like maximizing the fraction of task sets that are feasible, utilization bounds for accepting new tasks, improving resource utilisation and responsiveness for different types of applications and different resource types, and studying virtualization models. The task sets are abstractions and are adopted as a starting point for the analysis. Additional concerns relate to having correct and effective implementations of such policies and virtualization, and about the interference of models and implementations.


Introduction: Anthroposophic Music Therapy (AMT) started in 1925 as a small initiative in Switzerland and now is an internationally organised field with several educational institutes.Research methods: Until recently, the focus was mainly on conceptual research. Empirical research according to generally accepted academic standards has now also been started. Conceptual research led to a model in which a coherent holistic vision on music and the human being has been described. First empirical studies describe, for example, the result of a specific lyre intervention on breathing, heart rate variability and mood.Results: O. Damen will give a short introduction into the basic principles and rationales of AMT. Connections between musical elements and psychic and vital processes in the human being will be presented, and illustrated by a single case on attachment disorder. V. Heckel will present an empirical pilot study in a specific setting, investigating the effects of a receptive lyre intervention. In this stu...


Manuscript received November 17 , 2014 ; revision accepted January 26 , 2015 ; originally published Online First March 5, 2015. AFFILIATIONS: From the Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (Drs Spoletini and Blasi), Università degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Cà Granda, Milan, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine (Dr Alotaibi), University Hospital Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH; and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine (Dr Hill), Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA. CORRESPONDENCE TO: Nicholas S. Hill, MD, FCCP, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St, #257, Boston, MA 02111; e-mail: nhill@ tuft smedicalcenter.org © 2015 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CHEST PHYSICIANS. Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians. See online for more details. DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-2871 Oxygen therapy is the fi rst line of treatment in patients with hypoxemia and may be deliv ered using low-flow devices (up to 15 L/min), such as nasal cannulae, nonrebreathing masks, and masks with reservoir bags. These deliver varying levels of F io 2 depending on the patient's breathing pattern, peak inspiratory fl ow rate, delivery system, and mask characteristics. 1 , 2 Maximal fl ow rates with these devices are limited partly by


The maintenance and promotion of the culture palace business circle ought to be pondered from the four aspects,namely the point,the line,the surface and the flow.The localization of the culture palace business circle needs to stress on the function of the recreational business district(RBD).It ought to be developed according to the idea of "multifunctional development,famous river culture characteristic and cultural tourism-based business" based on the deep humanities resources that come from Tianning temple,Hongmei park and so on.It should become the recreational business district of modern metropolis that has different but supplementary style with the South Street and has complete functions.Therefore,the overall layout of the culture palace business circle must be carried out from the whole city angle.The nee of promoting commercial and culture character of the culture palace business circle asks for the management pattern of "overall planning,rent only" and great attention should be paid to the environment design of recreational atmosphere.


Korea: On June 23, 1951, the Soviet representative, Jacob A. Malik, in a broadcast over the United Nations radio, declared that it was possible to "defend the cause of peace" and that "the most acute problem of the present day — the problem of the armed conflict in Korea could also be settled. This would require the readiness of the parties to enter on the path of a peaceful settlement of the Korean question. The Soviet peoples believe that as a first step discussions should be started between the belligerents for a cease-fire and an armistice providing for the mutual withdrawal of forces from the Thirty-eighth Parallel." Mr. Malik believed that such a step could be taken "provided there is a sincere desire to put an end to the bloody fighting on Korea."


There is a new medial malleolar fracture classification based on 3D CT reconstruction. However, there is no study assessing the reliability and accuracy of the new classification system and comparison between the new and the classic classification. This study aimed to compare the reliability and accuracy of the medial malleolar fracture classification based on 3D CT reconstruction and the Herscovici classification system.


Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the background characteristics, sexual behaviours and condom use among male attendees of a large STD clinic in Shanghai. The information collected is intended to inform health education programs.Methods: From May 26, 1998 to December 22,1998, 2 266 male STD clients(1 517 currently married, 664 never-married, and 85 widower or divorced) were recruited at a large STD clinic in Shanghai. A structural questionnaire was administered by trained in-vestigators to collect information on participants' socio-demographic background, sexual behaviours and condom use. Results: Clients frequently engaged in higher risk sexual behaviours such as having multiple sexual partners and infrequently using condoms. Clients on average had two sexual partners in the 12 months before interview, and nearly one-third of clients had visited prostitutes in the 12 months before interview. After controlling for other factors, clients who were older and living in suburban areas were more likely to have visited prostitutes in the same period. Although over one-third of participants had ever used a condom, less than 1% had persisted in the condom use during the 12 months before interview. After controlling for other factors, younger clients and clients with more sexual partners in the last 12 months were slightly more likely to have used condoms than older clients. Clients with primary or less and senior middle educational level compared with those with college or more educational level, the latter have higher odds, whereas the former have lower odds of previous condom use. Being farmer is associated with a lower odds of having previously used condom, and being office worker is associated with a higher odds of previous condom use. Also after controlling for other factors, younger clients, clients being blue collar worker in commerce or service trades and office worker, widower or divorced clients and those having more sexual partners in the last 12 months have a higher odds of having used condoms in the last 12 months before interview. Overall, more than 70% of clients attributed their current infection to paid or casual sex. About 10% of currently married clients attributed their current infections to their wives, and nearly 60% of currently married clients had last sex with their wives.Conclusion: This study highlights the urgent need to improve STD education among STD clinic attendees. Educational efforts should focus on understanding the risks of unprotected sexual intercourse and on promotion of regular and correct use of condoms. Existing laws against prostitution should also be enforced. Women in China require the awareness to protect themselves against contacting STDs.


In 2004 the Schwartz Review advised English HEIs that their admissions systems should: be transparent; select students who are able to complete their courses based upon achievements and potential; use assessment methods which are reliable and valid; minimise barriers to applicants; be professional, and be underpinned by appropriate institutional structures and processes. These five principles were only expressed as recommendations, reflecting the reluctance of policymakers to interfere with individual HEIs' admissions policies. In this paper we analyse the results of a research project which reviewed the progress which English HEIs had made in implementing the Schwartz recommendations and assess whether a more interventionist stance is required to achieve 'fair admissions'. # Institute for Education Policy Research, Staffordshire University + Centre for Education and Inclusion Research, Sheffield Hallam University † Education Studies, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom * Corresponding author: Prof. Nick Adnett, Institute for Education Policy Research, Staffordshire University Business, School, Stoke-on-Trent, UK ST4 2 DF , E-mail: email@example.com, Tel: + 44 (0)1785 815478


Facile solution method for the synthesis of tri-arm star shaped 1,3,5-triazines was developed using 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) by reaction of cyanuric chloride with O-nucleophiles.


A new lossless coding scheme is proposed, especially adapted to optimize the storage capacities of dynamic medical imagery without any numerical distorsion after coding-decoding procedures. It basically uses a lossy (i.e an adaptive predictive one) plus lossless residual encoding scheme ([LieS9], [Rab91]). The predictive coder is based on motion compensation techniques. The essential originalities of this algorithmic work is, firstly, to propose and compare different motion models (from purely trauslational to affine models.) and, then, to select the optimal lossless encoding technique related to the p. d. f of residual motion compensated errors. Finally we propose comparative tests on real coronarography image sequences.


The authors examine issues involved in integrating the design level and the assembly planning level with a feedback loop. The integration is performed in two stages. The first stage focuses on the evaluation of an assembly plan. Evaluation criteria that can pinpoint areas which need redesign are defined. The second stage is to use the evaluation results to come up with the actual redesign. Algorithms are developed for performing evaluation of assembly plans. From the evaluation results, means of generating hints for redesign are discussed. The hints are then processed and calls are made to the redesign operators to perform the actual redesign of components. The integrated design-planning system has the ability to identify parts that need redesign and the ability to come up with feasible redesign options in polynomial time.<<ETX>>


Abstract.  Kaufmann SHE (Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany). Novel tuberculosis vaccination strategies based on understanding the immune response (Foresight). J Intern Med 2010; 267: 337–353.


Summary Addition of DNA (but not RNA) to solutions of lysergic acid diethylamide resulted in a depression of the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the drug. The Kd for D-LSD: DNA binding, calculated from spectral changes, was 5 × 10-4 M, and each nucleotide residue was a potential binding site. Binding did not occur at pH 3 (where DNA is nonhelical), and was decreased by prior heating of the DNA or by adding MgCl2 at a concentration of 3.7 × 10-3 M.


ABSTRACT IMPACT: Our results reveal a limited amount of breast cancer survivorship print materials as both understandable and actionable, and indicate a need to supplement material with personalized teaching. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Using educational print material for young women breast cancer survivors (YBCS) is considered a best practice in patient teaching. Little is known about how well YBCS understand or act upon the material. The purpose of this study was to assess the understandability and actionability of commonly distributed breast cancer survivorship print materials. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We used an environmental scan approach to obtain breast cancer survivorship print materials available in eight outpatient oncology clinics and one electronic medical record used in a Midwestern state. Print materials were included if they were freely available to patients, were specific to breast cancer, provided detailed information about survivorship, and were directly given to patients by physicians or nurses. Print materials were excluded if topics were related to treatment, diagnosis, or prevention. All brochures, drug advertisements, and advertisements for support services were excluded. The understandability and actionability analyses of the breast cancer survivorship print materials were analyzed using Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials (PEMAT-P). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The environmental scan resulted in 82 individual print materials. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight breast cancer survivorship print materials were included in the final sample. The final sample included two books, two patient education handouts from the electronic medical record, two multi-page booklets, and two pamphlets. The overall mean understandability score of the print materials was 68.9% ? 11.3 with a range of 47% to 80%. Five materials scored above the recommended 70% in understandability. The overall mean actionability score of the print materials was much higher at 81.3% ? 21.6 with a range of 67% to 100%. Five materials scored above 70% in actionability. However, only three of the eight materials scored above the recommended 70% in both understandability and actionability. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Limited breast cancer survivorship print materials exist as both understandable and actionable. Personalized instruction provided by oncology team members may be indicated to supplement the material. This additional teaching may help ensure survivors comprehend messages and act upon specific tasks as indicated in survivorship print material.


The seed‐feeding true bug Nysius groenlandicus (Zetterstedt) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) has temperature and humidity preferences similar to many desert‐inhabiting insects. Nevertheless, it is widely distributed in Greenland and occurs even in high arctic areas. This seeming paradox implies that the species has developed physiological, ecological, and behavioral mechanisms that enable it to cope with the extreme arctic environment. One of these adaptations is its ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually. Sexual reproduction is most common in coastal populations, whereas asexual reproduction (parthenogenesis) occurs mainly in inland populations. Preliminary data from the Zackenberg Valley in Northeast Greenland indicated that both reproductive strategies occurred within the same area. We therefore decided to focus on this area to find evidence of (1) coexistence of unisexual and bisexual populations, (2) factors that correlate with the distribution of the two reproductive types, and (3) morphological differences between females from sexual and asexual populations. We sampled N. groenlandicus at 51 sites within the Zackenberg area. Males and females were found in almost equal numbers in only four of the samples, and only in samples taken close to the coast line, whereas samples from the inner part of the valley consisted almost entirely of females. Thus, the distribution of uni‐ and bisexual populations at the local scale agreed with the pattern previously found for Greenland as a whole. Using data obtained from two climate stations operated in the area, we showed that average summer temperatures tend to be more favorable for N. groenlandicus in the inner part of the valley than at the coast. The inland populations inhabited small isolated patches, whereas the sexual populations were found in the more homogeneous areas along the coast. Data support the hypothesis that coexistence of the two reproductive types is maintained by a combination of environmental variability, which gives sexual reproduction an advantage, and metapopulation dynamics characterized by frequent extinctions and re‐colonizations, which favors asexual reproduction. Head width of females from unisexual populations was on average 7% larger than that of females from bisexual populations. The mechanism behind this morphological difference needs further investigation.


IMPACT Gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) is an important mechanism for ensuring greater alignment between economic goals and the social commitments of local and regional governments. The most important prerequisite for implementation is a strong political will, which should be present at all stages of the process. The implementation of a GRB should be supported by everyone involved in the government, regardless of area and level. It requires radical change, so it should be approached gradually but consistently. The process needs to be started with small steps, as in the case of the city of Zagreb.


This graduating paper discuss about wedding packages which offered by
Royal Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta. The discussion about wedding packages
includes the types of wedding packages, the price, and the facilities in each
package.
The research of this graduating paper is collected during March 2014 to
May 2014. It used direct observation method and interview method. The direct
observation had been done to see the situation of reception in Royal Ambarrukmo
Yogyakarta based on fact, while the interview method had been done to collect
information which is related to the topic as much as possible. The writer got the
literature reviews from book and articles in the internet.
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Peripheral mononuclear cells (PBL) from tuberculin reaction (TR)‐negative tuberculous pleurisy patients proliferated poorly with PPD, while the cells of pleural effusion from these patients showed a proliferative response to PPD as well as did the healthy control PBL. Surface antigens of peripheral blood and pleural effusion were examined by using monoclonal antibodies. The Leu 1‐positive cell population can be divided into four groups, namely (1) Leu 1+, Leu 2a+, Leu 3a+, (2) Leu 1+, Leu 2a+, Leu 3a−, (3) Leu 1+, Leu 2a−, Leu 3a+, and (4) Leu 1+, Leu 2a−, Leu 3a− cell populations. Results of analysis of surface antigens of PPD‐specific proliferative cells in peripheral blood and pleural effusion from tuberculous pleurisy patients as well as healthy controls indicate that the PPD‐specific proliferative response is mediated by Leu 1+, Leu 2a−, Leu 3a+ cells and Leu 1+, Leu 2a−, Leu 3a− cells.


The hydrolysis of dimethyl glutarate was studied in the presence of 001×7 styrene cation exchange resin.The effect of catalyst loadings,the oil bath temperatures,reaction time and different molar ratio of water to dimethyl gutarata were investigated.The highest glutaric acid yield up to 88.84% was obtained under the reaction conditions of the oil bath temperature 130 ℃,the molar ratio of water to dimethyl glutarate 12∶1,the reaction time 2 h and the catalyst concentration 170 g/L.Repeated tests of the reuse catalyst under the optimum reaction conditions indicated good reproducibility.


This research aims to look at the material changes that occur among craft makers in Saribas, Sarawak which focuses on the development of the use of materials to produce handicrafts in the modern era that faces the challenge of deficiency natural resources. Handicraft means the production of useful tools (Utility), or decorative tools using hand skills or the help of simple tools traditionally. In the modern era, handicrafts in Saribas are still traditional products produced individually or in groups for commercial purposes on a small scale. The results of the field study, found that the production and sale of handicrafts is one of the sources of income for a handful of villagers. The production of handicrafts usually uses forest products, but recently craft makers have been found to be more creative in utilizing alternative materials to replace the original one. Based on the qualitative methods that have been carried out, the results of observations clearly there are some significant changes in craft materials where more use of plastic-based material sources or other alternative materials that are similar in nature to the original material. The study concludes, modern era handicrafts have undergone a process of innovation due to the development of crafts which have marked changes from traditional crafts, especially on artificial materials which have undergone almost 90 percent change, while functions in modern society have also undergone significant changes and need reinterpretation from semiotic point of view. This field of handicraft production is seen to have great potential to be developed more comprehensively in the future. Especially in small districts such as Saribas, which can indirectly open up more job opportunities to locals.


This thesis will consider the role and definition of conscience and unconscionability in English equity. Whilst conscience is at the heart of equity, surprisingly little has been written, either academically or juridically, about how equity uses and defines unconscionability. It is this significant gap that the thesis seeks to fill. The thesis will ask and answer three questions. The first is how does equity conceptualise conscience? The thesis will demonstrate that equity adopts an objective conception of conscience, which is a modified version of the scholastic conception of conscience, which was used by the medieval Church. The second question is asking what the role of conscience in equity is. The thesis will demonstrate that the role of conscience is to provide an objective moral baseline by which to judge all parties. Conscience also has an important role to play in expanding, developing and adapting existing equitable principles to new circumstances. The third question is identifying the definition of unconscionability. This is done both by looking at some of the few existing academic writings on conscience as well as case studies on some of the major equitable claims, including breach of fiduciary duties and constructive trusts. The thesis offers a range of unconscionability indicia, which, taken together, outlines the meaning of unconscionability. The aim of the thesis is to provide greater clarity into how equity operates and how it uses its conscience. This will be of use to judges, lawyers, and academics (and indeed law students) and will address the critics of equity who posit that conscience is subjective, vague, and leads to arbitrary and capricious judgments. With this clear definition, it will be demonstrated that equity is not subjective, nor vague, nor arbitrary, but rather provides a clearly identified path to justice.


Objectives/Hypothesis: Gentamicin application is an important therapeutic option for Ménière's disease. However, even if given at intervals, a destruction of the cochlea was often observed in various animal models together with an increased content of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species. The present study was undertaken to identify the correlation between hearing threshold alteration and the NO production in the lateral wall and organ of Corti of the guinea pig in response to gentamicin application.


There is a history of programmes in educational technology in colleges and universities in China going back about 70 years. This paper briefly reviews the developmental history of the educational technology programme in China, elaborates the status-quo of the programme and looks ahead into the future trends of educational technology development in China. Finally, it expresses the authors' wishes to promote international exchange and cooperation in educational technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a secure mobile group-buying system for application on spontaneous group-buying websites.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed mechanism uses the Schnorr digital signature technique.

Findings

The proposed scheme is able to satisfy many security requirements. The computation costs of each phase and party were also analyzed, and the communication cost of each phase was calculated.

Originality/value

The results indicate that the proposed scheme is suitable for real-world application.


As a conceptual philosophy,the construction of harmonious philosophy must take the relation between integrality and system into consideration: 1.To base upon the entire practice of mankind;2.To build the harmonious relationships with rationality and value;3.To explore the subject of development;3.To integrate and coordinate social orders and promote the innovation of institutions;4.To pursue people's free and all-round development;and 5.To inspire the social vigor with fairness.


Review Committee of the Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine and conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki principles. The patient gave written informed consent. A novel heterozygous nonsense mutation, c.9025C>T, p.Arg3009*, at repeat 8 in exon 3 of FLG was identified from patient's peripheral blood sample by the method previously reported (Fig. 1h). FLG mutations have been well characterised, and each population has a unique set of FLG mutations. The present case harboured the novel FLG mutation p.Arg3009*, which is the 11th mutation found in the Japanese population. The present case is characterised by the fact that lichen amyloidosis showed a ripple pattern and was located in the lumbar area and the extensor limbs. The similar eruption, ripple pigmentation, is known to be diagnostic of macular cutaneous amyloidosis. Manabe et al. reported that histopathological examinations showed mild eczematous changes and extensive melanin leakage in the upper dermis of ripple pigmentation in AD. Increased melanocytes associated with mild vacuolar changes in the basal layer and thickening of the basement membrane can be seen. However, the histopathological features of the ripple-pattern eruptions in the present case did not match those and were instead consistent with features of lichen amyloidosis. Concerning amyloid deposition, the ripple pigmentation in AD shows only a small amount of amyloid in the dermal papillae, which is consistent with macular amyloidosis. In the present case, DFS-positive hyalinised globular deposits were seen in large quantities in the dermal papillae. Thus, we made the final diagnosis of ripple-pattern lichen amyloidosis. The characteristic ripple-pattern appearance of lichen amyloidosis in the present case seems to be due to mounds of compact hyperkeratosis. Such hyperkeratosis at sites with a predilection for IV lesions may be associated with the FLG mutation. However, to date, only one case of ripple-pattern lichen amyloidosis has been reported. No case of IV with lichen amyloidosis has ever been reported. However, the present case suggests that such lesions may not be so rare in IV-related AD patients, especially at sites with a predilection for IV lesions.


OBJECTIVE To observe the changes and significances of D-d,APTT and FIB in elder patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS A total of 56 eldely patients with UC were randomly divided into anticoagulant group and non-anticoagulant group with 28 cases in each group.Non-anticoagulant group received sarah hydrochloride 2.0 g orally daily,Sarah hydrochloride 2.0 g+50 ml normal saline enema once daily at bedtime,quadruple viable tablets of 500 mg oral administration three times daily.Anticoagulant group were given 5000 U low molecular weight heparin subcutaneously once daily based on the conventional treatment.The total course in both groups were 6 weeks.30 healthy cases were selected as control group at the same period.Before and after treatment,DD,APTT and FIB level and clinical activity score were detected and calculated using the clinical activity index. RESULTS Before treatment,D-D,APTT and FIB levels were separately(360.6±105.7) ug/L,(25.4±6.4) s,(4.1±1.1) g/L in UC group and(150.8±66.6) ug/L,(29.8±5.6) s,(2.3±0.5)g/L in control group,with significant difference(all P0.05).After treatment,D-D,APTT and FIB levels were 212.6±62.0 ug/L,(27.2±3.4)s,(2.2±1.0)g/L in anticoagulant group and(288.5±102.6)ug/L,(26.2±4.0)s,(3.2±1.4) g/L in non-anticoagulant group.D-D and FIB were significantly different before and after treatment(P0.05),while APTT was not different(P0.05).The clinical activity index in anticoagulant group decreased after treatment(P0.05),compared with non-anticoagulant group,there was significant difference(P0.05). CONCLUSION D-D and FIB can be used as an indicator to determine UC activity,and appropriate anticoagulant therapy can significantly improve the blood levels of DD and FIB.


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The paper presents a review on different hardware prefetching techniques. It is written to be accessible to researchers familiar to hardware prefetching. Both the historical basis of the field and a broad selection of current work are summarized. Memory latency and bandwidth are progressing at a much slower pace than processor performance. A widely explored approach to improve cache performance is hardware prefetching that allows the pre-loading of data in the cache before they are referenced. Data prefetching has been considered as an effective way to mask data access latency caused by cache misses and to bridge the performance gap between processor and memory. Different hardware architecture and prefetching patterns are considered in this paper. Some of the energy preservation schemes are discussed and the results obtained from different methods are given in brief.


Abstract The lime tree is one of the rare and valuable species that found in the Hyrcanian moist forests with economic as well as ecological value. Identification of the quantitative and qualitative features of this species is important. In order to investigate the stem form of this species in the Shafaroud forests of Guilan Province, 141 lime trees in 39 plots were analyzed during the four stages of small pole, pole, saw-timber, and maturity. In each plot, stem-diameter at different heights was measured by using the Spiegel Relaskop. Measurements and analyses included diameter at breast height( d.b.h.) and total height. Same parameters was calculated: stem form factor based on diameter, stem form factor based on volume, form quotient, slenderness factor, ratio of stem height to total height, ratio of stem volume to total volume, correlation, and coefficient of determination to describe stem form factor. The results showed that the average stem form factor based on diameter was 0.554. The average stem form factor based on volume was 0.576, average form quotient was 2.32 and slenderness factor was 35.04%. The average ratio of stem height to total height was 82.45. In addition the results indicated a strong relationship between diameter at breast height and trunk coefficient. The ratio of stem volume to total volume revealed that 64.44 of lime volume is located in the bottom half of the trunk. The value of the parameters described here is towards a better description of stand characteristics. Obtained results indicating stability for natural lime tree in Iran.


Transmission power control can significantly improve low-power wireless sensor network communications energy-efficiency. Power consumption models usually used to analyze various techniques for energy-efficient transmission are based on distance-dependent channel attenuation. In practice, distance is often not available and the dependence is not sufficiently accurate. Therefore, we propose more accurate power consumption model that uses information on total channel-loss, available on the most current low-power transceivers. We find that the model approximates datasheet values for CC1xxx transceivers very well, with absolute errors less than 7.616 mW.


Modeling of the kinetics of direct gas-phase methane oxidation to methanol is performed in the temperature range from 300 to 530°C and pressures below 250 atm.


Research objective: To reveal Islamic traditions for creating water sources and fountains in the Crimea, their stone-cutting ornamentation, and to discuss their typology according to their purpose and volume-compositional solutions. Research materials: The art of the construction of Crimean fountains and their semantic aspects were analyzed in the publications of M. Ginzburg and A.N. Malinovskaya. Ornamentation and semantics of stone plastics of Muslim structures (fountains and gravestones) were studied by S.M. Chervonnaya and E.A. Aybabina. The issues of organization, typology, ornamentation and semantics of water sources of the 15 th –19 th centuries have not been practically analyzed so far. On the basis of a small number of extant buildings, as well as archival materials and descriptions of travelers, the author of the article offers an insight into the variety of forms and ornamentation of waterworks of the indicated period. The novelty and the results of the research: The study of traditional forms of Crimean Tatar artistic creativity contributes to our wider knowledge of the culture of the Crimea, developed at the peninsula since ancient times. Forced relocation, long-term actual prohibitions of the existence and development of the Crimean Tatar art, loss and destruction of its material remains and documents, and the influence of the cultures in the areas of deportation led to the loss of the ethnic memory of the people, as well as reliable and complete information about their traditional art, its symbolism and ornamentation. The identification of the specific characteristics of the artistic language and style, and the recovery of forgotten technologies, encourages a deeper and complete understanding of the genuine folk art and the revival of folk traditions in contemporary art.


Offering an assessment of the state of regionalism in the Americas, this text asks the question: do the FTA, Mercosur, the Enterprise for Americas Initiative, NAFTA, and the Summit of the Americas constitute building blocs in the construction of a regional system?


The deposition of individual Ir atoms on an Ir(111) surface with a central iridium cluster on it has been observed in the field ion microscope. Around Ir clusters of both 12 and 59 atoms at [ital T]=20 K there is an empty zone, [similar to]2 nearest-neighbor spacings wide, in which condensed atoms are not found. From quantitative measurements of the distribution of adatoms over the surface it appears that atoms from the vapor striking this region skitter over the surface, even at [ital T][similar to]20 K, and are collected at cluster edges. Atoms from the vapor striking the cluster condense without damage to the cluster.


This article describes the limitations and the environmental effects of fossil fuels have provided the drive to create replacement strategies, such as the utilization of renewable energy resources. Solar energy and related technologies are also among fast-growing renewable resources and technologies. Despite different research on solar technologies, an extensive research on the effects of different parts of the collector, such as an absorber, glass cover, and the air gap has not conducted in the warm climate in the Middle East. This article focuses on an unsteady and three-dimensional simulation of a flat plate solar collector considering Discrete Transfer Radiation Model (DTRM). The parameters effecting on efficiency of collector such as the absorber material, tilt angle of the collector and effect of double glazing are analyzed. The result of the numerical analysis shows parameters effecting on collector efficiency, and double-glazed glass.


Prior to sterilisation, dental instruments have to be subjected to a cleaning process [1], since soiling would adversely affect the sterilisation success. The design of these instruments classified as medical devices is thus essential not only for their handling but also for the cleaning success. This paper compared the two handle designs "knurled handle" and "TRINOVO handle" of dental instruments developed by the company Kohler Medinzintechnik, Stockach, to examine the influence of the design on their cleanability.


OBJECTIVE To observe the related risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)in the ICU and explore prevention countermeasures for VAP.METHODS The clinical data of 180patients who underwent mechanical ventilation in the ICU were retrospectively analyzed,then the incidence of VAP was taken for statistics, and the related risk factors for the VAP were observed.RESULTS Of totally 180patients investigated,the VAP occurred in 40cases with the incidence rate of 22.22%.The logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for VAP included the regurgitation of gastric contents,low level of serum albumin,prolonged use of breathing machine,and use of antacid or broad-spectrum antibiotics,the incidence rates were 36.96%,31.46%, 38.16%,25.74%,and 23.74%,respectively,and the OR values were 5.45,4.13,3.39,3.23,and 2.98,respectively.CONCLUSIONThe incidence of VAP is high in the ICU,and the influencing factors are complex;it is necessary to give semirecumbent position,improve the body condition,strengthen the nutritional support,rigidly execute the principles of use of antibiotics,avoid prophylactic use of acids,and shorten the mechanical ventilation duration so as to reduce the incidence of VAP.


In data mining ample techniques use distance based measures for data clustering. Improving clustering performance is the fundamental goal in cluster domain related tasks. Many techniques are available for clustering numerical data as well as categorical data. Clustering is an unsupervised learning technique and objects are grouped or clustered based on similarity among the objects. A new cluster similarity finding measure, which is cosine like cluster similarity measure (CLCSM), is proposed in this paper. The proposed cluster similarity measure is used for data classification. Extensive experiments are conducted by taking UCI machine learning datasets. The experimental results have shown that the proposed cosinelike cluster similarity measure is superior to many of the existing cluster similarity measures for data classification.


( Throughout its imperial dynastic history, the tribal peoples of the northern frontier constituted the greatest threat to China's political integrity. For almost 900 years foreigners ruled over large parts of north China, and on two occasions they conquered the whole country. Even when native dynasties controlled China, they faced attacks by large steppeempires that appeared able to cut through border defenses at will. However, with few exceptions, most analytical studies of the northern frontier have confined themselves either to very short periods of time with limited comparability,' or have treated the L problem in gross terms asa struggle between China and generic barbarian^".^ Even work demonstrating that during some periods China was forced to deal with its neighbors as equals has paid little attention to the differences among the foreign peoples involved? Thus, the question of why Manchuria should be the cradle of so many foreign dynasties, or why powerful steppe empires showed such little interest in ruling China, has either not been addressedorelse treated in isolation without explaining the modes of interaction among different regions and societies.


The problem investigated for this research study was communication disparity evidenced by how teachers interpret and react to principal's feedback. Principal-to-teacher communication disparity is causing teachers to become dissatisfied and elevating teacher attrition. This study identified and helped to understand how K-12 teachers in a representative school district perceive their principal's evaluations and feedback in the forms of written, verbal, and a combination of the two. The intent of this qualitative inquiry and phenomenological design was to explore the essence of the phenomenon of principal-to-teacher performance evaluation to better understand objective feedback and evaluation. Of the 200 K-12 teachers recruited, 129 completed and submitted an online survey requesting their perceptions of principal feedback (response rate of 65%). Based on the submitted survey, 15 participants were selected to participate in interviews. Selection was based on having an administrative evaluation in the past three years and their willingness to participate in a live interview. Interviews and survey results from this study indicate teachers understood the importance of evaluations and thought their principal's intentions were respectable. More than half believed principal evaluations were unproductive and their manner of communication had an effect on teachers' job satisfaction. Keywords/phrases: teacher discontentment, feedback, communication disparity, teacher retention, job satisfaction, teaching performance assessment Introduction The social dynamic between professionals in schools may not be accurately portrayed. Feedback may not be effective in some instances as some teachers, for various reasons, fear being evaluated (Conley & Glasman, 2008). Many subordinates may be able to relate to a boss being critical of an employee's performance. However, there is also research showing there are administrators psychologically and emotionally abusing teachers (Blasé & Blasé, 2006, Blasé, Blasé, & Du, 2008). In these cases, feedback for those directly and indirectly affected may never be the same, as teachers' trust of administrators will be damaged. Politicians, taxpayers, and the media are scrutinizing public education more than ever. Some motivations to analyze education include the increased cost of education, the funding of education through taxes, and the increase in home-schooling now deemed acceptable by 43% of the population (Cooper & Sureau, 2007). The passage of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in 2002, whose aim is to increase schools' and teachers' accountability, has contributed significantly to putting education under the microscope. The pressure to increase student performance has affected the relationships between teachers and administrators. Teacher evaluations are not accomplishing what they were designed for; improving teaching and student performance (Shao, Anderson, & Newsome, 2007). Teacher evaluations are causing dissention between teachers and administrators. This dissention will be defined as the phenomenon communication disparity. The problem investigated in this research study was how communication disparity between teachers and administrators regarding performance feedback contributes to teacher discontentment. The result is teachers are leaving the school they teach in or the teaching profession entirely (Brown & Schainker, 2008). Fundamental communications between teachers and principals, which have a propensity to be sensitive, are teacher evaluations. Many teacher evaluations are subjective and are heavily influenced by student achievement including standardized test scores (Torff & Sessions, 2009). Furthermore, principals approach teacher evaluations as supervisory duties rather than an evaluation of teacher job performance (Range, Holtz, Scherz, & Young, 2011). Whether these occurrences are intentional or accidental needs further attention to improve teacher-administrator relations, which can improve teacher job satisfaction and lower teacher attrition. The working and social components of the school setting can be complex and challenging. The working conditions that the leader creates, including psychological and emotional conditions, can dictate whether quality teachers stay or leave a school (Blasé & Blasé, 2006; Conley & Glasman, 2008; Ladd, 2011). This is important to bear in mind for the purpose of this study and improving the quality of communication between teacher and principal. This study was intended to determine the barriers of communication between teachers and administrators in an effort to bridge that gap in the research, and to determine if and what differences between teacher and administrator perceptions exist. Neglecting research in the area of principal-to-teacher The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education July 2018 Volume 8, Issue 3 www.tojned.net Copyright © The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education 68 communication may further compromise the relationship between the two and affect future teacher recruitment and retention (Doti & Cardinal, 2005). Literature Review Communication is fundamental to any relationship particularly feedback and evaluations from superior to subordinate. The relationship between administrative leadership and employee commitment is a significant working dynamic every employer should consider (Fugate, et al., 2008). The role of leader and their relationship with the people that they oversee are also critical to the effectiveness of the organization (Yariv, 2009). This is especially true for our public schools as the importance of education has grown exponentially. Education is currently experiencing difficult challenges as many try to measure and quantify our schools' performance; notably teachers' performance. The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is adding to the accountability that we hold for our education system and the teachers facilitating learning. This added pressure is straining an already arduous relationship between principals and teachers, as principals must evaluate teachers' performance more critically and effectively (Namaghi, 2010; Danielson, 2000). The Purpose of Teacher Evaluations and Feedback In the past, teachers perceived evaluations as a method to find fault with teachers in any subjective manner the principal chose. The evaluation was viewed or perceived as a means to reprimand and not as a mechanism to improve teaching (Sullivan, 2012). Evaluation procedures were performed by the principal or superintendent utilizing subjective judgment of the teachers' performance and ability. In the 1950s and 1960s, evaluation was seen more as supervision where if the principal saw the teacher performing teacher acts like writing on the chalkboard, lecturing the class, and using pushpins, they were teaching (Range, 2011; Sullivan, 2012). Teachers perceived any focused conversation and attention regarding their performance, outside of being told "good job", as threatening. In the 1970s and 1980s, teacher evaluation was substantially modified to be more objective. The focus was shifted away from the prescribed curriculum model and teacher character traits and more to a prescribed teaching model (Kersten & Israel, 2005). Checklists were used to verify the curriculum model and that its various structures were being followed. Indications were that "The building principal was equipped with a checklist to document simultaneous interdependence, student roles, and individual productivity" (Kersten & Israel, 2005, p. 48). Teaching was much more quantifiable and was looked upon as black and white, especially by the teacher unions and administration. Evaluations and feedback are also designed to show support for teachers (Feeney, 2007). By providing regular attention through evaluations, administrators show that they care about what is going on in their schools and about the individuals inside the schools. Supervision can have highly positive effects on the quality of teaching and schooling (Frase, 2005). Considering the stakes involved by the NCLB act, supervisory direction should be informed by research. As the emphasis on student standards and standardized testing increases, it is important to identify and research how these and other factors change teachers' working conditions and contribute to teachers' job satisfaction (Ladd, 2012). Evaluations of teachers could be similar to evaluations of students. Some of the same questions are used when evaluating a teacher as are used to enhance student assessment. "Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap" (Chappius & Chappius, 2008, p.17)? These questions are essentially what Danielson and McGreal (2000), Jensen and Overman (2003), Namaghi (2010) and others recommended as necessary in teacher evaluation. These questions should also take priority when teachers are formulating goals. The student who desires a grade of an 'A' must design a strategy to receive their desired mark, and so to must a teacher design a strategy to produce their goals. Teachers perceive that the responsibility of the administrator is to provide resources for them to attain their goals (Celebi, 2010). For teacher evaluation to be effective some crucial areas need to be addressed; a consistent definition of good teaching, a transparent and credible evaluation system, opportunities to engage in meaningful conversations about practice, and a focus on what really matters (Danielson, 2011). For novice teachers, the principal's role in establishing a healthy school climate and meeting the perceived personal needs of the novice teachers is a key part of formative evaluation (Bickmore & Bickmore, 2010). However, research on teacher evaluations indicates that very little helpful feedback is offered to teachers and that a teacher evaluation is frequently viewed as little more than a ritual required by state lawmakers (Mahar & Strobert, 2010). Teacher evaluations are not accomplishing what they were designed


an educational program based on principles which S. derives from his readings in Aristotle, St. Thomas, and their commentators. It is similar in scope, in content, and in style to TL· Arts of Learning and Communication, by Benedict Ashley, O.P., with the exception that S. explicitly treats of all levels of schooling. On the grounds of his view of the Aristotelian-Thomistic position, S. opposes those various students of esthetics, sociology, mathematics, and physical science who regard their fields as embracing speculative areas. Though S.'s view of Thomism may strike some observers as severely limited, there is no doubt that if his program could be applied in the actual work of education, it would merit the highest praise. One's final assessment of this book, then, must be made only in the light of its practical relevance to our current educational needs.


The solubility of R-α-phenylethylamine-D-tartrate and S-α-phenylethylamine-D-tartrate in methanol,ethanol,DMF and a solvent mixture of acetone and water with the volume ratio of 5∶ 2 were measured by dynamic method under atmospheric pressure.The solubility of the two salts in the above mentioned solvent systems increase with increasing temperature.The experimental data were correlated with simplified equation,Apelblat equation and the polynomial equation,the ranges of average absolute relative derivation(AARD) were 0.66 AARD 2.67,0.72 AARD 7.69,1.09 AARD 13.64,respectively.


ABSTRACT We have demonstrated that tumor‐infiltrating T cells play a crucial role in tumor growth. In order to investigate the precise function of tumor‐infiltrating cells, we avoided the use of any enzyme for separation of tumor‐infiltrating cells from the solid tumor mass and established a new system in which we could easily obtain functionally active tumor‐infiltrating cells in large amounts from the peritoneal cavity of T‐9 gliosarcoma‐sensitized rats. In this system, viable T‐9 cells were intraperitoneally administered and peritoneal exudate cells were recovered. Importantly, cells obtained from the intraperitoneal cavity are phenotypically and functionally indistinguishable from those obtained from subcutaneous tumor masses. Furthermore, injection of purified lymphocyte migration factor‐b resulted in the accumulation of CD8 (+) cytotoxic T cells in the peritoneal cavity. Therefore, this system also provides a means by which the in vivo function of chemotactic factor can be tested.


A hemorrhagic tendency and anemia are two major complications of uremia. There is a significant negative correlation between BT and hematocrit (Ht) in uremic patients. We studied the efficacy of rHuEpo in correcting both these abnormalities in 10 patients on chronic hemodialysis with severe anemia (basal Hb levels 6.2±0.8 g/dL). Seven patients had BT longer than 10 min., 5 had BT longer than 30 min. rHuEpo was given to the patients 3 times a week at increasing doses, from 24 U/Kg to a maximum of 432 U/Kg, aiming to reach Hb levels ⪖12 g/dL. BT was measured (with the template-like disposable device Simplate II) before starting rHuEpo therapy and after reaching the target Hb values. One patient (n° 6) was excluded from the study after 5 weeks of rHuEpo treatment because of development of an arterio-venous fistula thrombosis. The data are shown in the table. Eight of the 9 patients who concluded the study had final BT shorter than 10 min. This demonstrates the efficacy of rHuEpo in correcting both anemia and prolonged BT in uremic patients.


This article shows how an empirical profile matching procedure applied to the MMPI of a client can be used to quantify the degree to which the client's personality profile is representative of a drug abusing group. Supplementary techniques show how reliable this judgment is and, when the individual's profile does not match a drug abuser prototype, isolates the reasons for the discrepancies. The technique can be regularly applied to MMPI profiles to screen for an "abuser-prone" personality style as well as more than forty other personality diagnostic classifications. A special automated scoring service is available for this identification.


Many philosophers, both past and present, object to materialism not from any romantic anti-scientific bent, but from sheer inability to understand the thesis. It seems utterly inconceivable to some that qualia should exist in a world which is entirely material. This paper investigates the grain objection, a much neglected argument which purports to prove that sensations could not be brain events. Three versions are examined in great detail. The plausibility of the first version is shown to depend crucially on whether one holds a direct or non-direct theory of perception. Only on the latter is this version plausible. An analysis of the second "semantic" version concludes that a materialist description and explanation of the world should not be expected to transparently convey all that would be of interest or importance to human beings. The final version explicitly makes use of Grover Maxwell's non-direct perceptual theory of structural realism. Although a confusion is charged to Maxwell between phenomenal and objective properties, the critical difficulty for the grain objection is its failure to characterize "structure" from a non-percipient point of view. As the grain objection is ultimately found wanting, the real difficulty for materialism crystallizes as its irreconciliability with the mere existence of sentience, which seems to force some sort of emergence upon us.


Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of 99Tc-MDP combining with 89Sr in alleviating pain of patients with osseous metastasis.Methods 89Sr 3mci was intravenously injected into 120 patients with osseous metastasis,after a week,99Tc-MDP,22mg/d,was intravenously injected for 10 days.One course of treatment was one month and was carried on 3 to 6 months;89Sr was used in every 3 to 4 months,three times at most.Results The pain was significant relieved in 107 patients,relieved in 8 patients,and inefficient in 5 patients.The effective power was 96%(relieve in 2 or 3 weeks);The time extended more than a year and a half.Myelosuppression was occured in few patient;Some patients with destruction of bone were obviously recovered.Conclusion There are conspicuous effect of 99Tc-MDP combining with 89Sr in therapying patients with osseous metastasis and conspicuous recovery for destruction of bone induced by osseous metastasis;Patients with osseous metastasis should be treated with 99Tc-MDP combining with 89Sr at an early date.


SUBTITLE: JAPAN HAS FINALLY DEREGULATED ITS DOMESTIC MARKET. BUT THE AIRLINES ARE NOT CONVINCED IT WILL HAVE A MAJOR EFFECT ON COMPETITION.


The research of the influence of technological modes has been carried out and the negative influence of contaminating impurities on the lead iodide crystallization process has been grounded. The new technological approach to PbI2 single crystals growth has been proposed, which, unlike traditional methods, is based on increasing of the purity of the source components at the initial stage of technological process. The comparative analysis of the proposed growth technique with other known methods has been made, the efficiency of the purification operation of the Pb and I2 source components for the obtention and properties of PbI2 single crystals has been determined. The main types of defects during PbI2 crystallization from the melt have been analyzed and technological approaches for elimination of the structural violations have been proposed.


It can be stressful to work in the hospitality industry and many workers are vulnerable in terms of their poor working conditions On the other hand, in all aspects people in the hotel industry have to deal with clients from diverse options. The employee's mind should be free when dealing with all sorts of people and he should have stress-free environment to work with. So, people are responding to stress in different ways. Some coping strategies are much better than others and suffer fewer of stress's harmful effects. One of these harmful effects is professional mobility. From this perspective, the present study aims to explore the effects of employees' coping strategies (problem solving, social support and avoidance) on hotel occupational stress and to explain the mediating role of the occupational stress between coping strategies and professional mobility. This research reports the findings of a questionnaire survey from 207 employees in a sample of five star hotels. The investigated hotels were limited to five star hotels those located in Greater Cairo. This survey consisted of four 30 items based on seven-point likert -scale (from strongly disagree to strongly agree) was used to measure coping strategies dimensions, occupational stress and professional mobility intention from employees' perspectives. Six hypotheses were verified and five of them were supported. The results demonstrate that employees' coping strategies appears to have a strong relationship with the occupational stress in the hotel sector. Moreover, occupational stress has a strong positive impact on Egyptian hotel employees' professional mobility intentions.


The chemical rate constants for muonium (Mu) atoms reacting with iodine, phenol, Ni++, Fe(CN)−36, and naphthalene in three aqueous anionic micellar systems (sodium hexyl sulfate, sodium octyl sulfate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate), were measured by MSR (the muonium spin rotation technique). The results show that the Mu reactivities toward I2, phenol, and naphthalene were significantly increased when these solutes were located inside micelles as compared to homogeneous aqueous solutions. A large increase in the rate constant occurred at the critical micelle concentration, showing that MSR can be used to probe such properties of micelles. The observed rate constants did not change much with the size of the micelles, but the rate was less than that found in a pure organic solvent, supporting the view that the core of a micelle is relatively viscous due to its ordered structure. Since Mu is a light isotope of hydrogen, it may be inferred that H atoms would have analogous behavior in micellar systems—including t...


A novel palladium(Ⅱ) complex [Pd(Phen)(TsserNO)]·H2O (Phen=1,10-phenanthroline; TsserNO=4- toluenesulfonyl-L-serinate dianion) has been prepared and structurally characterized, the cytotoxicity in vitro has also been investigated by MTT and SRB assays. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21 with cell parameters a=0.618 64(14) nm, b=1.768 9(4) nm, c=0.990 2(2) nm, β=102.392(4)°, V=1.058 3(4) nm3 and Z=2. The complex had selectivity against HL-60, BGC-823, Bel-7402 and KB cells lines, its cytotoxicity is equal to that of cisplatin against BGC-823 and Bel-7402 cells lines, however it is less potent than cisplatin against HL-60 and KB cell lines.


The invention discloses a conical band type automobile continuously variable transmission and belongs to the technical field of automobile transmissions. The conical band type automobile continuously variable transmission can achieve continuous changing of a transmission ratio through a mechanical transmission system and an electronic control system, the mechanical transmission system is formed through cooperation of a drive conical friction wheel, a driven conical friction wheel and a transmission band, and therefore the optimal matching between the transmission system and the engine operation condition is obtained. Meanwhile, the conical band type automobile continuously variable transmission is simple in structure, easy to operate and high in transmission efficiency and achieves the purpose of saving energy.


The development of high-speed SHA-2 hardware with high flexibility is urgently needed because SHA-2 functions are widely employed in numerous fields, from loT devices to cryp-to currency. Unfortunately, the existing SHA-2 circuits have difficulty in achieving high flexibility and hardware efficiency. Therefore, this paper proposes a coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture (CGRA) for accelerating SHA-2 computation, named a CGRA SHA-2 accelerator. To effectively support various algorithms and requirements, three optimization techniques are proposed to achieve high flexibility and hardware efficiency. First, an on-demand pro-cessing element array is proposed to enable flexible computation for long and short messages. Second, a dual-ALU processing element (D-PE) is proposed to compute various SHA-2 functions. Third, the pipelined dual-ALU architecture is proposed to reduce the critical paths, leading to remarkably improved performance and hardware efficiency. The accuracy of our proposed accelerator is verified on a real hardware platform (the Xilinx Alveo U280 FPGA). Besides, the experimental results on several FPGAs prove that the proposed CGRA SHA-2 accelerator is significantly higher performance, hardware efficiency, and flexibility than existing works.


The education for sustainable development assists people and community to critically examine the technologies, the production economic systems, the cultural systems, the legislation, polices, the ideas they currently use in order to live in harmony with nature. It assists in reflecting and acting along viable alternatives, with flexibility, creativity, participative skills, competencies that can determine a positive and successful breakthrough of the future. A case study is developed with QFD for the Faculty of Economics.


Activated carbon fiber(ACF) absorption unit is firstly applied into acrylic acid production industry.Waste gas that has been removed trace acid by pre-treatment enters ACF unit for absorption,and then desorbs by steam after saturation.Desorbed organic solvent is separated with water through condensation and recycled into production.Recycled solvent achieves considerable economic benefits.


The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 6-chloro-8-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine. The method comprises the following steps: enabling 2-amino-5-chloropyridine and N-bromo succinimide to react at the temperature of 0-100 DEG C so as to prepare a 2-amino-3-bromo-5-chloropyridine intermediate, and enabling the intermediate to react with chloroacetaldehyde at the temperature of 70-160 DEG C in a certain solvent without being purified; after reaction ends, carrying out suction filtration, dissolving in a certain solvent, neutralizing in the presence of alkali, carrying out suction filtration, re-crystallizing, carrying out suction filtration, washing with water, and drying, thereby directly obtaining pure 6-chloro-8-bromoimidazopyridine. According to the method, the raw materials are relatively easily obtained and are reasonable in price; meanwhile, during preparation reaction, no heavy metal and corrosive gas are used, the reaction is mild, no special requirements on reaction equipment are required, and ordinary corrosion-resistant equipment can be applied to production; in addition, reaction conditions of the method are moderate.


The paper deals with the improvement in the performance of an induction machine with a solid iron rotor slitted axially. The improvement is observed mainly in the full-load slip, the power factor, and the starting torque. In this paper, a one- dimensional model of a slitted rotor is presented based on the original and novel concept that the tooth and slit profile is a flux line. Based on this, the field distribution inside the iron is obtained from 1) a linear theory and 2) a limiting nonlinear theory. The results of the analyses based on these theories are found in better agreement than those based on the composite permeability theory.


This paper is written for addressing the bisectional classification problem for big and high-dimensional data sets with unbalanced characteristics distribution, whenever the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is used. As is well known in conventional SVM, calculating large-scale covariance matrices and biased support vectors due to unbalanced characteristics are thorny issues that severely affect accuracy and efficiency of SVM classification algorithm in general. To surmount these problems, a class of modified SVM classification algorithm (hyperbox vertex over-sampling iterative SVM: HVS-ISVM) based on hyperbox vertex over-sampling data compensating and active iterative learning are innovatively proposed. The algorithm procedures are explained briefly and the main features are summarized, which are conducive to implementing and revealing deeper data indices. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed HVS-ISVM algorithm have higher calculation speed and better classification accuracy, and the obtained iterative support vectors and their corresponding hyperplanes are also robust against numerical noise due to over-sampling.


Effective resident education balances supervision to ensure patient safety with independence to ensure the resident's professional growth; achieving this balance requires mutual trust.


The present study detected the conventional nutrients and mineral elements content of 5 kinds of poisonous plants including Astragalus strictus,Oxytropis kansuensis,Oxytropis sericopetala,Stellera chamaejasme and Ligularia rumicifolia in Tibet natural grassland during their different phenological phases using national standards.The results showed that the average crude protein contents were highest in the A. strictus and second highest in O.kansuensis which were more than 19%. For A. strictus,the contents of crude protein were highest in blooming period and lowest in pre-blooming period without significant difference between blooming period and fruiting period. For O. kansuensis,the contents of crude protein were highest in pre-blooming period and lowest in fruiting period without significant difference between pre-blooming and blooming period and fruiting period. The contents of crude fiber decreased in the following order: O. sericopetala,L. rumicifolia,A. strictus,O. kansuensis and S. chamaejasme and were highest in fruiting period and lowest in pre-blooming period. The contents of mineral elements,including Mg,Fe,Cu,Mn and Zn in all of the 5 tested plants were highest in pre-blooming period and were lowest in fruiting period,however,the content of Se was relatively higher in fruiting period. In conclusion,A. strictus and O. kansuensis may had rich nutritional and potential value for pasture whereas O. sericopetala,S. chamaejasme and L. rumicifolia had low nutritional value.


This study examined two important types of occupational hazards in the street trading activities in Nigeria which are (i) injuries sustained from road traffic accident and (ii) harassment of traders through indiscriminate arrest, seizure and confiscation of merchandise and occasional incarceration of sellers in police cells. The data for the study was generated from a 2011 national survey of 3,873 street traders in Nigeria which was made possible through a research grant provided by the Covenant University's Centre for Research and Development. In addition to the descriptive statistics used in profiling the street traders, the binary logistic regression approach was also used to estimate the log of odds of experiencing occupational hazards in street trading activities. The study found out that 25 percent of the traders have suffered injury, while 49.1 percent have experienced harassment from public authority officials. Given these findings, policy measures that would focus on integrated national development, provide alternative selling points off the main streets for traders who cannot hire a shop, create more decent jobs for educated youths who are forced to take up street trading due to long spell of unemployment, among others, were proposed.


The invention discloses an internet-based enterprise health platform system. The system comprises a client, a garden physical examination station side and a server side, wherein the client comprises a health information push module and an appointment module; the garden physical examination station side is connected with physical examination equipment in a garden physical examination station and is used for acquiring physical examination data and sending the physical examination data to the server side; and the server side is used for analyzing and storing the physical examination data acquired by the garden physical examination station side and pushing the result to the client. According to the system disclosed by the invention, the health examination conditions of staffs in the garden can be effectively monitored and improved.


The growing variety of programming languages in software engineering feeds the permanent need of interoperability enablers between IT solutions. In agile and integrated software development, it is vital to ensure the communication between exiting IT system and new ones. In addition, the connected smart factories paradigm extends the perimeter of enterprise information system to cover the direct integration of sensors and machines. vf-OS is an H2020 European project aimed at providing a development environment with an integrated, virtual view on manufacturing processes. Within vf-OS, the IO Toolkit provides tools for onpremises facilitating the access to manufacturing devices and existing business software, while also facilitating the interaction with the rest of the vf-OS infrastructure. As such it allows developers to build secure and controlled gateways into the factories, as part of the capability set for their applications. 1.


The method of preparing an anti-condensation outlet, to a preparation method for obtaining anti-condensation properties of the surface of the tuyere. Providing not only change the structure of the tuyere, but also a method for preparing anti-condensation excellent anti-condensation properties of the tuyere. First outlet for rubbing alcohol, and then sprayed over the hydrophilic coating layer, curing by baking; detecting packaging. The super hydrophilic coating may be water-absorbing resin, a polyurethane, a crosslinking agent and an isocyanate curing agent, the water absorbing resin may be employed and polyacrylamide, the crosslinking agent may be employed NN-methylenebisacrylamide amide; the super-hydrophilic coating layer thickness may be 5 25μm ~; the bake temperature may be 70 ~ 140 ℃; baking time may be 10 ~ 60min. Simple, does not affect the appearance and structure of the tuyere.


Abstract With the curriculum reform of the basic school in the Republic of Slovenia, the experiential learning and conducting classes outside the classroom become one of the more important starting points for the subject of Environmental Studies, which is taught in the first three years. With the empirical study, we wanted to research which location is most often selected by educators for Environmental Studies outside the classroom, how often they conduct such activities, which work methods they use, how many hours out of total subject hours for Environmental Studies they dedicate to teaching outside the classroom, and in what form they wish to acquire additional knowledge on this subject. We discovered that educators, when teaching the subject of Environmental Studies outside the classroom, most often use an area located in direct vicinity of the school, and that the largest percentage of participants very often teaches the subject of Environmental Studies outside the classroom once per month. Both analyses showed certain statistically significant differences regarding the location of the school and the educator's years of employment. The results showed that educators, when teaching the subject of Environmental Studies outside the classroom, most often use the method of direct observation, while the least used methods are work with texts and learning resources. Predominantly, educators dedicate up to 30% of total planned hours of the subject of Environmental Studies to conducting class outside the classroom. The analysis showed that educators want to obtain additional information, knowledge, and competence for teaching Environmental Studies outside the classroom primarily by examples of good practices.


In this paper, newly-proposed high efficiency DC-DC high power converter a high frequency planar transformer link is presented for high performance arc welder in industry. This circuit is composed of soft switching PWM high frequency inverter with DC busline side switching active edge resonant cells (AERC) including parallel capacitive lossless snubbers and leakage inductive component of high frequency planar transformer. All the active switches in the bridge arms and DC buslines can achieve ZCS at turn-on switching transition and ZVS at turn-off switching transition. The FRDs in the center- tapped secondary winding can perform ZCS commutation because of overlapping current operation. Its operating principle and experimental results are discussed from a practical point of view.


Abstract Background: Interdisciplinary and intensive stroke rehabilitation programs have been shown to be positively correlated with improved functional outcomes. However, data regarding their combined use on the quality of life (QOL) of stroke survivors appears scant. Objective: To evaluate whether interdisciplinary intensive rehabilitation programs for stroke survivors can improve their health-related QOL (HRQOL) scores and whether the timing of the interdisciplinary intensive rehabilitation has a significant effect on HRQOL scores. Materials and Methods: This was a multi-center, prospective study. Patients were retrospectively selected from the Thai Stroke Rehabilitation Registry database. Three hundred seventy-six stroke patients from nine main tertiary hospitals in Thailand who had received acute stroke rehabilitation were screened between March and December 2006. Two hundred seven patients completed World Health Organization Quality of Life scale abbreviated Thai version (WHOQOL-BREF-Thai) questionnaires and were divided into two groups based on the time after onset of stroke to start interdisciplinary intensive rehabilitation: sub-acute (<1 month) and chronic (≥1 month). WHOQOL-BREF-Thai questionnaires were composed of four domains (physical health, psychological well being, social relationships and environment satisfaction), which were administered to the patients before and after interdisciplinary intensive rehabilitation to assess QOL. Results: After interdisciplinary intensive rehabilitation, patients from both groups showed significant improvement in their quality of life in all domains, sex life and family relationships. However, patients from the sub-acute group had more significant improvement in their environment domain, family relationships and overall WHOQOL scores than those in the chronic group. Conclusion: Early interdisciplinary intensive stroke rehabilitation can significantly improve environment domain, family relationships and overall WHOQOL of stroke patients.