In order to further overcome the difficulties of the existing models in dealing with the nonstationary and nonlinear characteristics of high-frequency financial time series data, especially their weak generalization ability, this paper proposes an ensemble method based on data denoising methods, including the wavelet transform (WT) and singular spectrum analysis (SSA), and long-term short-term memory neural network (LSTM) to build a data prediction model. The financial time series is decomposed and reconstructed by WT and SSA to denoise. Under the condition of denoising, the smooth sequence with effective information is reconstructed. The smoothing sequence is introduced into LSTM and the predicted value is obtained. With the Dow Jones industrial average index (DJIA) as the research object, the closing price of the DJIA every five minutes is divided into short term (1 hour), medium term (3 hours), and long term (6 hours), respectively. Based on root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and absolute percentage error standard deviation (SDAPE), the experimental results show that in the short term, medium term, and long term, data denoising can greatly improve the stability of the prediction and can effectively improve the generalization ability of LSTM prediction model. As WT and SSA can extract useful information from the original sequence and avoid overfitting, the hybrid model can better grasp the sequence pattern of the closing price of the DJIA.


A mathematical model was developed for managing magnitude and risk factors of injuries in a manufacturing industry employing System Dynamics (SD) approach. Data were collected using an injury and illness investigation register. These were used to estimate and validate the parameters of model. The principle of SD was employed to identify the relevant risk management safety-related components and their interrelationships. Results obtained from the experimental data depict a random periodic upwards and downwards trend in the magnitude of injuries; whereas the predicted injuries yielded an exponential decay in the number of injuries occurrence. The means and standard deviations of the observed and predicted injuries were 27 and 9.08; and 26 and 6.61 respectively. The corresponding values for observed and predicted preventions were 18 and 9.08; and 19 and 8.48 respectively. A comparison of predicted and observed injuries depict that the model is useful for providing a decision support and predicting the main variables required for managing magnitude and risk factors of injuries in a bottling plant.


The invention discloses a sunlight shading coefficient measuring system and belongs to the field of building glass detection. The sunlight shading coefficient measuring system mainly comprises an automatic data collecting and processing system, a sunlight direct collecting system, a sunlight direct radiating correction rod, a rotating shaft, and a screw rod mechanism. A sliding block connecting rod is moved vertically through shaking a screw rod; the sliding block connecting rod pushes the plane of an installing test piece so as to drive the sunlight direct collecting system placed on a horizontal face of the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the purpose that sunlight can directly irradiate into the sunlight direct collecting system is achieved. Moreover, the sunlight shading coefficient measuring system can further simulate an actual building to enable sunlight to entering glass from different incoming angles so as to achieve actual sunlight shading coefficients. The sunlight shading coefficient measuring system is simple in structure, can detect and be operated flexibly and conveniently, and is free of restriction on the size of samples, strong in applicability, and more real and reliable in detection result due to the fact that detection is conducted through direct irradiation of sunlight.


It is the object of this work the determination of the demographic cash of the district of Murcia in musulman era, toward it centuries XII and XIII. The population of the city has been estimated through the analysis of the archaeologic remains of the numerous islamic housings exhumed during the last years. For the demographic calculation of the irrigated land have been used the data that on this issue provides the principal document of that period with which we count, the Repartition Book


A surfactant-free castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane-acrylic(CPUA)hybrid aqueous emulsion with castor oil-based polyurethane(CPU)as shell and polyacrylate as core was prepared via emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerization of the acrylate monomers(AC)in the presence of a commercial polyurethane dispersion as seeds,which were synthesized by a self-emulsification method,using IPDI,PCDL,DMPA,castor oil(C.O),MMA,BA as the main raw material.The effects of the content of C.O on the properties of composite emulsion and its films were studied systematically.The core-shell structure of the emulsion was observed by TEM,structure and properties of the polymer were studied by IR,XRD and TGA.The results supported the idea that when the molar ratio of—OH in C.O and PCDL was 1∶3,the CPUA hybrid emulsion exhibited excellent stable performance,and the film showed outstanding water resistance and mechanical properties.IR,XRD and TEM showed certain crosslinking between CPUA,and the compatibility between hard segment and soft segment were promoted.Compared with the PUA,the synthesized CPUA hybrid film has higher thermal stability with a tensile strength 111 MPa.


The Fossil Flora, by Lindley and Hutton, has been long known as the only general work containing figures and descriptions of the vegetable remains found in a fossil state in this country, and which must always be consulted by every scientific investigator of this subject. Since the completion of the third volume, more than thirty years ago, many important papers have been published on the Palæontological Botany of the British Islands, by Dr. Hooker, Bunbury, Prof. Haughton, Prof. Heer, Carruthers, and others, but no general work or continuation of the Fossil Flora has appeared, a desideratum very much needed, and which it is now proposed shall be supplied.


While mammography is the gold standard for breast cancer screening worldwide, it is widely recognized that mammography has limitations, especially in women with dense breasts. In response to the need for a more sensitive approach to breast cancer screening, a CT scanner specifically for breast imaging in the pendant geometry was designed, fabricated, and is currently in clinical evaluation. The spatial resolution and noise properties are discussed, and breast images from a normal volunteer and a patient with breast cancer demonstrate very promising breast CT image quality from a qualitative perspective.


Two alternative neural-network methods are presented which both extract independent source signals one-byone from a linear mixture of sources when the number of mixed signals is equal to or larger than the number of sources. Both methods exploit the previously extracted source signals as a priori knowledge so as to prevent the same signals from being extracted several times. One method employs a de ation technique which eliminates from the mixture the already extracted signals and another uses a hierarchical neural network which avoids duplicate extraction of source signals by inhibitory synapses between units. Extensive computer simulations con rm the validity and high performance of our methods.


Due to climate change and high price of fossil fuel, demand of electricity for irrigation need is increasing. Harnessing solar power to meet this increasing demand can be a good solution. In this paper, we have shown the design and performance analysis of a directly coupled solar photovoltaic (PV) motor-pump system operating at Gaibandha, Bangladesh. Three 1kW DC series motor coupled with pumps were powered by photovoltaic panels of 2kWp. The motor pumps were directly connected without any converter. All of the components of the system were available and bought from the local market. With average insolation, the system can lift 1,20,000 to 1,72,000 lit/day. We have calculated the efficiency of the motor-pumps at different time of the day. Finally, we have calculated the simple payback period of the system. We found the system to be viable technically and economically.


An elliptic curve threshold signature encryption scheme with the specified verifier is proposed.Being based on the method of Nyberg-Rueppel,The scheme uses the elliptic curve threshold to integrate threshold signature scheme with public key cryptosystem to construct a thresh-old signature encryption scheme with the specified verifier.Compared with common scheme which signatures data after encrypting it,this scheme has more secure data transmission,less complicate degree in calculate and communication,and less communication bandwidth.


The state of the cell quickly, providing a convenient and accurately identify technology. The sugar chain-containing sample containing the sugar chain or the sugar chain present on the surface of a cell that is a determination target, was obtained by measuring remain bound to a plurality of types of lectins in the liquid phase , how to determine the state of the cell with the amount of amount or sugar chain-containing samples of the plurality of types of cells which have become the determination target bound to each lectin. .BACKGROUND


Abstract The dietary phytosterols have been demonstrated to modulate CD4+ T‐cell polarization in cells, animals, and humans. However, T helper (Th)1/Th2 dichotomy has rarely been correlated with phytosterols during pregnancy. The present study investigated associations between the serum cytokines and serum phytosterols in 100 pregnant women at 34‐ to 37‐week gestation and their offspring. The results showed that serum concentrations of interferon (IFN)‐γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and total Th1 cytokines were positively associated with serum β‐sitosterol level, adjusting for age, BMI, and serum cholesterol. Serum IFN‐γ and total Th1 cytokine concentrations positively correlated with total phytosterol concentration, controlling age, BMI, and serum cholesterol. Moreover, none of the cytokines measured correlated with phytosterol concentration in the newborns. Our results show that serum Th1 cytokine concentrations, but not Th2 levels, are positively associated with serum phytosterols in pregnant women. These findings implicate that phytosterols modulate Th1/Th2 balance by inducing Th1 secretions in pregnant women.


Abslracl: ln the prime yean. of Qolortial rule during 1he firs• lhird of 1he rwentielh-ceotury, Belgiun colonial administrarors caught onto band~ of men who disguised murders of local Congolese Africans as lcoplltd anucks. Among 1hc Bali of the eastern Congo, lhc communiry and oren thi~ paper concerns it~lf with, the leopard ~n were known as Anioll>. Frequently viewed as a movemenl to emdicate the Congo of white civilization. research :11 the Archives Africaines in Brussels. Belg1um sugg~LS that the closed association coooemed itself more so with self-preservation 1hnn in actively rcsisring the colonial ndmini~lrntion. From the remo1e origins of lhe associa1ion to its nctiviti~ in the colonial contexl of the 1920s and 1930s. a picture of mulriple aurhorities, comprised of 1he Belgian nuthorilies. elders, ~ialion members. and local chiefs. in the easlem COngo competing to maintain and gain power emerges. When the administrolion finally began 10 crack down on Anioto activities they gradually revealed a hieron:hy of superiors and their initia'leS. It would nol be until the late 1930s when leopard men acuvilies eventually dissolved fr()m the co1o01al record, leaving an hiMorically durable legacy for both Belgians and Africans alike.


The article highlights three lines of research of the mining term system of the Russian language in the late VXII early VXIII centuries: inventory-taxonomic, structural and dynamic. Characteristic features of the term system under study are a great number of multiverbal nominative units, extensive synonymic and nominative rows which include nominative variants of different structure and level.


This paper presents a mathematical two echelon vendor-managed inventory (VMI) model on consignment scheme in supply chain, in which the vendor pays a penalty for every extra unit which exceeds a specific upper limit to the buyer. In this arrangement the vendor can decide about the batch size he wants to transship to the buyer. Two cases are discussed in this paper; single vendor-single buyer and single vendor-two buyers. In this study after a review of coordination in supply chain and VMI on consignment, we discuss vendor-managed inventory scheme in comparison with traditional inventory control system. The optimal batch size is calculated and the paper investigates how a VMI on consignment arrangement with penalty can coordinate the supply chain. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis is presented to illustrate the performance of model and the results.


Epistemology is the study of what human beings know, how they come to know what they think they know and what the criteria are for evaluating knowledge claims. Nursing epistemology is the study of knowledge shared among the members of the discipline, the patterns of knowing and knowledge that develops from them, and the criteria for accepting knowledge claims. Three types of knowledge specific to nursing as a discipline are described here: clinical knowledge, conceptual knowledge and empirical knowledge. Different criteria for evaluating each type are suggested.


The article highlights the current problems of the transport system of Ukraine, as well as identifies areas for the development of relevant legislation. It is noted that current geopolitical conflicts, the challenges of world trade, the pandemic caused by COVID-19, have affected global supply chains, led to the transformation from traditional approaches for doing business to digital ones. It is highlighted that Ukraine as a logistics hub between the Europe and Asia faces the global economics challenges and needs to realize comprehensively its export and transit potential. However, according to the International Trade Administration data, only 25-30 % of the country's transit potential is currently used. In terms of the Association Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part, Ukraine's transport system should ensure synergy of all modes. The current trends for smart-port infrastructure development, uberization in the transport industry, new mode of logistics management – 4th generation logistics (4PL) are being discussed. The author emphasizes that the development of domestic legislation on public-private partnership is the priority task concerning transport industry. In addition, the author states that the priority development areas' model should be applied for developing ports and logistics hubs in Ukraine providing non-fiscal incentives. The researcher concludes that a balanced legal policy is needed, taking into account the interests of the state, private investors, the environment and society. In addition, the appropriate legal basis should be provided for the sustainable development of Ukraine's transport system. It is concluded that the priority tasks are as follows: The proposed steps are as follows: adopting the specific Laws of Ukraine "On Railway Transport"; "On Multimodal Transport", "On Inland Waterway Transport", forming an independent regulatory body for natural monopolies in the field of transport, providing fair economic competition in the field of rail freight transportation.


My work focuses on the exploration of gastronomy in the Pardubice region. I will visit several restaurants and I will observed, I will focus on the eating habits of guests and I will talk about nutrition and dietetics. I mention the cultural aspects of food and will discuss the role of food from the perspective of anthropology. In my work, I will also outline the history of gastronomy to the present. Further work has focus on dining etiquette. I will analyze the menu, I would like to mention about traditional meals, drinks and their consumption for the Czech Republic.


The utility model relates to a neck restoration pillow which is a medical health care article. The utility model belongs to pillows in the daily living articles. The utility model is composed of a pillowcase and pillow core, etc. The middle part of the utility model is provided with a concave fossa, wherein the position of the concave fossa is the position of a head pillow; the periphery of the concave fossa is provided with a neck pillow and a face side pillow; the head pillow is the concave fossa which is analogously in a head shape; the pillow surface of the face side pillow is flat; the neck pillow is a cambered convex object which is similar to a cervical vertebra physiology curvature. The utility model is also provided with a vibration massage apparatus, an air bag, a medicinal pad, a conductive rubber electrode plate and airing groove holes. People can feel comfortable in a sleep whatever the people is in a supine position or a position of side lying because of the utility model. The utility model can also prevent and treat cervical spondylopathy, cerebrovascular diseases, neurasthenia and insomnia.


This paper shows examples of recording and partial archaeological survey of two Mexican wheat mills in the centralplateau and the archaeological evidence following the ticcih-Mexico methodology to register and protect these agroindustrialhistorical sites. We make a short historical description of each site and then an architectural registrationin order to rescue and protect as according to ticcih rules.


Catalytic asymmetric [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions between α-allenic esters and enones are presented. We have found that a simple phosphine-containing protected α-amino acid derivative is capable of promoting such cycloadditions in high yields with significant levels of regioselectivity and enantioselectivity. Furthermore, employing chiral racemic γ-substituted allenoates in the cycloaddition with chalcone substrates results in a "deracemization" reaction furnishing cyclopentenes in high yields with up to 93% ee.


The article is devoted to public, political personalityof the famous statesman and public figure Tashenev Zhumabek Akhmetovich. The situation of Kazakhstan in the Soviet period, the central government is characterized by the arbitrariness of Moscow. Through the essence ofpersonality, the stages of the development of social relations and social tension of that time are indicated. The fate of fifteen countries, which are legally considered Union republics, was decided only centrally. They lacked not only political will, butalso territorial integrity. The Center pursued its policy by changing the borders of the historical lands of these countries. The main node of this article is the personality of the head of Kazakhstani government Zhumabek Tashenev, who opposed such arbitrariness and preserved his Homeland.Zhumabek Tashenev is a man who has had a huge impact on the spiritual life of the republic. In the article, these points seem to be completely differentiated and systematized.His personality should become a vivid embodiment of the past for the history of the Fatherland, the basis of growth and spirit for the futureand national ideology.


Objective To evaluate the immediate and long-term results of arterial embolisation in the management of haemop-tysis and to identify factors influencing outcome .Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out of the medical records and angiograms of 25 patients who underwent transarterial embolisation for haemoptysis .Results The causes of haemoptysis included tuberculosis (20%), bronchiectasis (16%), idiopathic(16%), aspergilloma (12%), non-small cell lung cancer (12%), pneumonia (12%) , and others (12%) .A total of 63 bronchial and non-bronchial systemic arteries were embolised and immedi-ate cessation of haemoptysis was achieved in all patients .Haemoptysis was controlled in 18 patients ( 72%) , recurred in 7 (28%) during 6 months.The worst outcomes were observed in patients with aspergilloma: all three suffered recurrent bleeding and 1 (33%) died from massive haemoptysis .Aspergilloma was also associated with an increased risk of haemoptysis recurrence ( P <0.05).Complication rates were low and included transient chest pain , fever, and no injury of spinal cord.Conclusion Selective arterial embolization is an effective , safe and feasible procedure for haemoptysis control in most cases .However, high re-currence and mortality rates are associated with aspergilloma , embolization should be done again if necessary .


This development is especially apparent within the academic workplace. Today, professors communicate with one another and with students via email; entire classrooms correspond using listservs and newsgroups; and a number of departments, centers, organizations, and journals have established sites on the World Wide Web. Unfortunately, this information, however relevant and valuable, is too often lost among a sea ofvirtual noise. The following article serves as a practical guide to use the World Wide Web as a tool for both studying and teaching film. Designed for film educators, researchers, students, and fans, this guide is divided into three major sections. The first section examines two key Web sites: the Internet Movie Database and SCREENsite. The next section explores a number of on-line journals, including Bright Lights Film Journalana TIE¡L¡E¡CIIIN¡E. The final section explains the utility of search engines and demonstrates how to use two such engines: Alta Vista and Yahoo!


This article discusses the relationship between processes of peripherialization, agency, and knowledge production in West Asia and North Africa, and, in so doing, introduces the META special issue on "Periphery".


The cultural industry refers to the production,management and consumption of cultural products.The cultural industry has its own laws: demand invigorating industry,"fabricated","massive demand" and innovation.The present situation of the cultural industry is worrying due to the single brand,the lack of products and "malnutrition".Therefore,the keys to making Chinese cultural industry develop and flourish lie in the four principals that we should uphold the deep reform——completely strengthen out the system;uphold the great innovation——effectively change the concept;uphold the large merger——quickly eliminate the barriers;uphold the mass production——open up the market access.


Abstract Recently a relationship was discovered between the number of permutations of n letters that have no increasing subsequence of length > k , on the one hand, and the number of Young tableaux of n cells whose first row is of length ≤ k , on the other. The proof seemed quite unmotivated and artificial. Here we describe the sequence of events that led to the discovery, via computer algebra, of this relationship.


We utilize Kinect v2, which is a sensor deeply, to provide a way to recognize walls and interpolate mapping images accordingly. It recognizes the angle and shape of the wall and basically interpolates the recognized form. First, we will use depth sensors to receive wall depth data. The data received in this way is converted to primary usable data via preprocessing. By using subsequent deformed data, we calculate by deducing the extent and degree of coking of the wall. Using the calculated result, Unity 3D will correct the image and interpolate. We show that it is possible to propose a method which can more easily map through this process through research and experiment.


The distribution of larvae of Simulium goeldii was studies in four streams in upland tropical forest near Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. In each month 32 points were sampled, each with an area of 30 x 50 cm. The areas of all substrates available were measured at each point. The larvae of S. goeldii were collected and later counted for all substrate types where larvae of this species were found. The available substrates were classified into eight types: dry leaves, green leaves, branches, fruits, detritus, rocks and sand; anly the first four types had larvae present. The Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of variance indicated that the larvae occupy these substrates differently; the Newman-Keuls identified the following differences in intensity of occupation of the susbstrates: branchs differ from roots, dry leaves and green leaves, and green leaves differ from roots and dry leaves. The highest density of larvae was observed on green leaves. However, because the most abundant substrates in the study area were roots and dry leaves, I suggest that the latter two substrates are the most important ones for the esteblishment of this population of S. goeldii.


THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA POLITICS Xandra Kayden Much of California's political structure has been crafted by initiative in recent years, and most of it is in the hands of the courts. No one is confident of what will happen. Awaiting judicial decision are term limits, campaign fmance regulation, and the open primary: There are many possibilities --and many odds-takers --but uncertainty will be the most characteristic quality of the coming political year. For those who like their politics to be full of unexpected twists and turns, 1998 could be a very interesting year. Handicapping the shape of the legislature is usually like a regular chess game, a Sacramento lobbyist noted. Now, it's like a three-dimensional chess game, wondering what will happen with all 20 senateseats,and probably 30 assemblyseats. Term Limits Proposition 140, which was passed in 1992, limited the terms of the state legislative offices to 3 two-year terms for the Assembly, and 2 four-year terms for the Senate. Suit was brought against it immediately in the California courts, which supported it, but later in the federal courts, it was ruled unconstitutional by Judge Claudia Wilkin. She allowed the current limits to stand while it is appealed up the line to the 9th District Court of Appeals. The District court is one of the most liberal in the country. Three judges heard the appeal for the 9thDistrict and held the law unconstitutional becausethe voters were not told that the law included a lifetime ban on holding the same office again. And they lifted the stay. Observers believe the case was decided on the narrow question of what the voters knew to protect it from being taken up by the SupremeCourt. Instead, the case went to the full 9thDistrict en banc, and-at this writing-the stay has beenre-imposed. Everyone in elected politics is waiting for one shoe or anotherto drop. If the stay is lifted, and if the law is over-turned, it will have a domino effect on many candidates now running for office. As one astute political observer put it, If term limits are ruled out, it will be like trying to put the tooth paste back into the tube. Some incumbents will chose to stay where they are, and some will be forced to stay becausethe open seats they thought were going to be above them on the electoral ladder will be taken. Some will run anyway, but they will face other uncertainties in fund raising and, possibly, even in the primary electoral contest. If the limits are lifted, the California legislature is likely to be dominated for some years by those now in office, most of whom have relatively little experience now. On the other hand, if the limits are lifted, experience is the one thing they will have. If tenn limits are upheld, the rush will be on as one class after another is tenned out of office, but one lesson we have learned about tenn limits is that they almost


Purpose. To study the uncertainty of globalization influences on strategic planning (SP). To identify peculiarities of SP for enterprises of Ukraine. To develop methods for evaluating the SP effectiveness in conditions of uncertainty and changes in the level of uncertainty in parameter sequences for relevant forecasting. Methodology. The study used the following methods: critical analysis – to identify the peculiarities of SP in Ukraine; mathematical formalization – to evaluate the efficiency of SP; method of comparing the first derivatives – for the current assessment of the rate of change in economic indicators and their approximation to the target values of SP; analysis and synthesis – to establish the uncertainty levels of the input and outputs sequences of each of the parameters of globalization. Findings. It is stated that different vectors of globalization influences cause formation of a complex "competitive landscape", which increases the uncertainty of SP. Stratification of requirements for formation of strategic plans and opportunities which they allow implementing is proposed, as well as stratification of indicators of globalization influence. The factors of globalization influence on the formation of uncertainty in the activities of Ukrainian enterprises are studied and the peculiarities of this influence on the SP process are indicated. Originality. An assessment of the level of approximation of the actual and target results of enterprise's activity is proposed as an indicator of SP effectiveness. A comparison of first derivatives of the efficiency indicator was used to reduce the uncertainty in estimating the rates of dynamic approximation of the actual and forecast results. A method of ordering heterogeneous sequences is proposed for a relevant assessment of the change in the level of uncertainty in parameter sequences. Practical value. The proposed approach reduces conceptual SP ambiguity. The developed method for assessing the uncertainty of globalization effects on SP and identifying the SP peculiarities in conditions of uncertainty will increase SP relevance for Ukrainian enterprises.


This research blog post reports on a part of post-doctoral research in digital design methodologies for kinetic architecture, funded by the Swedish Research Council Formas and carried out within the Strong Research Environment 'Architecture in the Making', hosted by the Department of Architecture at Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden). The project featured an international collaboration with research students from the Faculty of Architecture at Gdansk University of Technology (Poland) and resulted in a conference publication. Access link: https://morfotactic.wordpress.com/2015/07/09/responsive-kinetic-building-skins/


This article reports the results of a study of the surviving accounts of lanaiuoli and setaiuoli firms dating to these years. It reveals, first, that the emergence of new markets abroad assured an extraordinarily high level of performance for both industries, and, second, that the overlapping function of these markets with respect to the supply of raw materials and sales of finished products generated an intricate web of mutually dependent inter-industry relations among firms of a kind that had never existed earlier. Both conclusions raise some question about a historiography that emphasizes the intense political and social tensions during these years without even a glance at the economic interests shared by the men involved.


Objective To explore the characteristics of bone mineral density (BMD) and the incidence of osteoporosis in partial androgen deficiency in aging male (PADAM) patients.Methods Fifty-six PADAM patients (PADAM group) and 51 healthy persons (control group) were selected according to their age and body mass index (BMI),and measured their BMD in the second to fourth lumber and the neck of femur with the dual-energy C X-ray BMD measuring instrument.MES-01S20 muscle function analyzer was used to determinate the distribution and mechanical properties of muscle.The biochemical and bone metabolic markers and sexual hormones were collected and observed by multivariate stepwise regression analysis.Results Compared with control group,BMD significantly decreased in the Ward triangle,femoral neck and big rotor (P < 0.01 ) and no significant change in lumbar in PADAM group (P > 0.05 ),and the fracture strength of femoral neck (FS) and the lower-limb muscular strength (MS) also significantly decreased (P < 0.01 ).The incidence of osteopenia were 48.2% (27/56) and 35.3% ( 18/51 ),osteoporosis were 30.4% (17/56) and 21.6% ( 11/51 ) respectively in PADAM group and control group.There was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05).The BMD was positively correlated to BMI at the first to fourth lumber and negatively correlated to age,positively correlated to BMI and serum level of andrusol at the proximal left femur in the patients with PADAM.Conclusion BMD and the resistance to fracture aresignificantly lower in PADAM patients,and aging lower BMI and androgen deficiency are the risk factors of low BMD in PADAM patients.There is the potential of osteoporotic fracture risk,and it is important to strengthening the prevention and treatment of fractures in elderly PADAM patients.

Key words:
Bone density; Androgens; Osteoporosis; Fractures,bone; Partial androgen deficiency


Numerous iron spherules have been found from coarse sandstone in the bottom of the Changzhougou Formation(1.8Ga)and silicified carbonate rock of the Dahongyu Formation(1.6Ga)of Proterozoic strata of the Ming Tombs District,Beijing.Most of them are round shaped as rod.Surface of iron cosmic spherules are observed by secondary back scanned image without carbon coating showing matallogenic graphs and "gas escape" holes so common during intro-atmosphere melted and crystallized again.44 testing points of 30 iron cosmic spherules have been measured by means of electron probe analysis average data as follows(%):FeO 80-95;Cr2O3 0.78-6.56;NiO 0.06-0.41.Relatively,Cr2O3 is higher in spherules of the Changzhougou Formation but FeO higher in the Dahongyu Formation.However,the helium isotope analysis data are quite different between them.The abnormal of helium isotope made sure of extraterrestrial origin of iron cosmic spherules.


Proteasomes are large mutlicatalytic proteinase complexes which fulfill key functions in both ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent non-lysosomal pathways of protein breakdown in the cell. 20 S proteasomes are 700 kDa cylindrically shaped particles, found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of all eukaryotes. They are composed of a pool of 14 different subunits (molecular mass 22-31 kDa) arranged in a stack of 4 rings with 7-fold symmetry. 26 S proteasomes are even larger proteinase complexes (about 2000 kDa) which degrade ubiquitinylated proteins in an ATP-dependent fashion in vitro. The 26 S proteasome is build up from the 20 S proteasome as core particle and vitro additional 19 S complexes at both ends of the 20 cylinder. Proteasomes contain at least five distinct types of catalytic components and are capable of degrading proteins to small peptides. They are particularly involved in the degradation of short-lived and regulatory proteins. The proteasome has been highly conserved during eukaryotic evolution, and simpler forms are even found in archaebacteria and eubacteria.


Third- and fifth-order sum- and difference frequency conversion of pulsed dye laser radiation generates coherent tunable radiation in the vacuum ultraviolet at wavelengths X = 60 - 200 nm. The generated VUV light is of narrow spectral width (dE = 0.01 - 1 cm-1) and high intensity (0.8 - 104 W; 2.109 - 3.1013 pho-tons/pulse). Because of the high spectral brightness these VUV light sources are a useful tool for VUV spec-troscopy of atoms and molecules.


Investigations involving the experimental and numerical analysis of inkjet (powder-based) 3DP 6 are relatively limited for cement mortar materials. This study, by using cement mortar 7 specimens, aimed to determine the optimum strength of 3D printed structural members in all 8 three planes by identifying the compressive strength of cubes, the modulus of elasticity and 9 Poisson's ratio. In addition, this study aimed to analyse and verify the numerical model for 3D 10 printed cementitious mortar (CP) prisms and beams using an inkjet 3D printer by considering 11 the mechanical behaviour of the printed prisms under compression. Robust and optimal 12 mechanical properties of the 3D printed cementitious mortar obtained from laboratory testing 13 were utilised in the simulation of structural components using ABAQUS software. As inputs 14 for simulation, the strength properties of the printed objects in all three cartesian planes were 15 obtained from test results. The obtained results showed that the printed cementitious materials 16 have orthotropic properties and that the results of experiments were consistent with the 17 analytical solutions and hypothesised model for the different geometric shapes. This finding is 18 extremely valuable in determining the optimum features of 3D printed structures. 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26


Based on the perspective of a wide scanning range and ultra-broad bandwidth, Luneburg lenses are highly anticipated to be an outstanding option for multibeam radiation. However, owing to the lack of low-loss continuously varying permittivity materials, the practical application of Luneburg lenses is far below the expected level. In this paper, an ultra-wideband planar Luneburg lens (PLL) is proposed. Due to the novel design of an all dielectric lightweight radially symmetric periodic gradient metamaterial, the presented lens is able to yield highly directional emission with side lobes all below −8 dB and achromatic sub-diffraction focusing with full width at half maximum about 0.4λ from 4 GHz to 22 GHz. The prototype of the lens is manufactured by computer-numerical controlled machining. The measured data of the near field and far field agree well with that of the simulated data, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed design methodology. The superiority of the presented approach to design a Luneburg lens is demonstrated. Therefore, the PLL has the advantages of being lightweight, with a compact structure, low profile, ultrabroadband function, high resolution, and convenient fabrication, giving it great potential to be practically deployed.


The original fracture criteria developed by Maxey/Kiefner for axial through-wall and surface-cracked pipes have worked well for many industries for a large variety of low strength and low toughness materials. However, newer line-pipe steels have some unusual characteristics that differ from these older materials. One example is a single test that has demonstrated that X100 line-pipe with an axial through-wall-crack can fail at pressures about 30 percent lower than predicted with commonly used analysis methods for older steels. Thus, it is essential to review the currently available models and investigate the applicability of these models to newer high-strength line pipe materials. In this paper, the available models for predicting the failure behavior of axial-cracked pipes (through-wall-cracked and external surface-cracked pipes) were reviewed. The applicability of these models to high-strength steel pipes was investigated by analyzing limited full-scale pipe fracture initiation test results and the shortcomings were identified. For both through-wall and surface cracks, the major shortcomings were related to the characterization of the material toughness, which generally leads to non-conservative predictions in the J-T analyses. The findings in this paper may be limited to the test data that was consider for this study. The requisite characteristics of a potential model were also identified.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) are believed to be the first of the top ten technologies that will change the world in the future.However,limited computing,memory,communication capabilities,and especially the energy constraint,present major challenges.WSNs can only be deployed after many key technologies,one of which is energy issues are solved.Energy is crucial for the lifetime of WSNs.Energy consumption should be considered in the routing protocol design of WSNs.An improved method in energy consumption of GEAR protocol is proposed.Simulation results show that the improved method consume less energy.


Objective To observe the effect of using compound glycyrrhizin in treatment of tuberculosis patients who had liver damage as result of using anti-tuberculosis medication. Methods Eighty-seven sputum-positive TB patients who had had initial TB treatment were randomly divided into two groups: observation group and control group. Both groups received the anti-TB treatment of using 2H3R3Z3E3 (S3)/4H3R3. The patients in the observation group, in addition, also received the medication of compound glycyrrhizin, whereas the patients the control group was given TSM. Results The improvement of liver functions was more pronounced in the observation group than that in the controls:P005. The overall effectiveness rates for the observation and control groups were, respectively, 894% and 675%:P001. Conclusion Compound glycyrrhizin can effectively reduce the liver damage as result of using anti-tuberculosis medication and thus prevent irregular chemotherapy in TB patients.


Two techniques for improving the convergence and accuracy of the Cumulant method are presented. The Large Deviations Approach that has already been used in a three-cumulant version with excelent results is formulated recursively thus allowing to effectively use any number of cumulants. A new expansion centering technique that significantly improves the accuracy of the method is also presented and implemented recursively. Numerical results show that these enhancements are quite effective.


Discovering and rediscovering Jean Anouilh, I'm suddenly returned to the stage of an old theatre. The play is The Cavern (La Grotte) and the theatre is St Martin's in South Yarra. Anouilh described the set, designer Paul Kathner made it, and I swept it. At the time I had a small offstage job at the theatre. On stage were two levels of an unrealistic house linked by a staircase. The setting was an attractive suggestion, in wood and canvas, of the upstairs and downstairs of a wealthy Paris residence, about 1910. It's not in the stage directions but at one performance a young girl, the count's daughter, tripped and fell from the high platform where the aristocratic family preened. She bounced, and got up as though nothing had happened. The child was the niece of one of the actors. Her stage father was a male model in the knitting-pattern books Mum bought and seldom used.


Muhammad Rizky Bimantoro, 2018, NIT: 50134787 N, "Optimization of
Reliquefaction Plant Operation to Address Problems in the LPG Gas
Process on MT Komodo Gas Ship", Diploma IV, Nautika, Polytechnic of
Semarang Sailing Scout, Supervisor I: Dodik Widarbowo, MT, M.Mar
and Supervisor II: Ir . Fitri Kensiwi, M.Pd
The transport of LPG on a fully refrigerated LPG vessel requires special
attention to the problem that is often experienced by high tank pressure. In
operation the charge of fully refrigerated cargo handling of the temperature and
pressure on the load tank is very important, because the factors that cause the
loading delay is due to the existence of very high tank pressure, and not optimal
Reliquefaction Plant to reduce pressure on the load tank, so it is necessary to
know how the handling temperature and the pressure on the loading tank in its
loading and the constraints that affect it and the effort in overcoming the
constraints. As for the literature review as supporting the writing of thesis that the
LPG charge at outside air pressure will evaporate at very low temperature that is -
42.30C for propane and -0.50C for butane. Then the temperature and pressure on
the load tank must remain in a stable state in keeping the charge in liquid form.
In writing this thesis the author uses descriptive method, qualitative, and
data collection by observation by observing directly the object of research,
conducting interviews with a number of respondents and supported by the method
of documentation. Based on the result of research that in handling less than
optimal Operation of Reliquefaction Plant at the time of LPG loading process.
The obstacles are limited power generator, lack of coordination between the ship
and the pertamina operation and high load temperature. As a result the loading
time will be longer. So the effort to overcome them is to immediately
communicate with pertamina operation and operate the ballast pump before
loading to reliquefaction plant operate 4 sets and reduce the loading rate.
In the end results of research on Optimization of Reliquefaction Plant
Operation to Handle Problems in LPG Gas Loading Process in MT Ship. Gas
Komodo is very important to be done on board for the creation of an objective
(facilitating the implementation of fully refrigerated LPG loading) and can be
accounted for and can be taken a conclusion or as an evaluation for reference
Key word: LPG fully refrigerated, delays of loading process, temperature and
pressure of cargo tanks, loading operation.


We constructed the full-length cDNA library from the spider, Uroctea lesserti Araneal. A total of 3,168 clones were randomly selected, and the 5´ends of the inserts were sequenced to generate ESTs. In this work, 344 unigenes were generated after the assembly of 2,683 high-quality ESTs. Of these ESTs, only 4.7% were homologous to previously identified genes, from the spiders, a garden cross spider (Araneus diadenurtus) and a web spider (Nephila inaurata madagascariensis). A total of 59% had significant matches to genes from other organisms in the database, whereas 41% of the ESTs had no matches in the database. Functional groups of those sequences with matches in the database were constructed according to their putative biological function. Three largest categories were cellular organization (26.8%), metabolism (11.7%), and cell cycle-DNA processing (10.8%). The information reported in this study should be useful for researchers in the field to analyze genes and proteins of their own interest.


Due to the tremendous growth in user population over online social networks (OSNs), interactive messaging traffic has experienced exponential increase, which consequently elevates the privacy leakage. Malicious users may utilize camouflage, phishing and other unconventional techniques to lure ordinary users to reveal their sensitive attributes in their interactive messages, when they least expect that the other sides are malicious. Therefore, it is very important to identify malicious users quickly and successfully when socializing over OSNs. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving interactive messaging scheme by relying on user credibility, which characterizes users' reputation through users' social behaviors, and use the item response theory in psychometrics to assess the risk levels of users' interactive messages. We have conducted extensive studies by sending interactive messages with sensitive attributes and have observed that the success rate of identifying malicious users based on user credibility is significantly higher and our scheme can effectively lower the risk of privacy leakage in our interactive messaging system.


s presented in the Proceedings reflect some actual issues in political and economical aspects of sustainable forest management but also encourage cross-disciplinary research in forestry and environmental sciences. Bruno Marić, Mersudin Avdibegović, Špela Pezdevšek Malovrh, Lidija Zadnik-Stirn, Donald Hodges and Dženan Bećirović (Editors)


The difference of the vowels reflected by Qieyun's(切韵) rhyme classes is not phonemic distinction. Statistics suggest that 13 vowels will be enough for reconstruct Qieyun' s(切韵) rime system, assuming that the rhymes are classified according to different vowels by Qieyun' s (切韵) authors. However, a simulated phonemicization proves that some of the 13 vowels are the conditioned allophones influenced by the medials, which should be merged into certain phoneme. If the medial for division II was existed, Qieyun(切韵) should be a seven vowels system.


Introduction Anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure offers several benefits for agricultural waste management: It improves the fertilizer characteristics of manure, reduces its odour and converts organic matter into valuable energy resources like, for example, biogas. Using manure for bioenergy production in centralized biogas plants results often in a marginal economical benefit, since the value of the biogas yield per ton is only slightly higher than the costs for treatment and transportation. A newly developed pre-treatment method, wet oxidation (Lissens et al. 2004), has recently been successfully applied for the pretreatment of straw for bioethanol production at BioCentrum-DTU, the Technical University of Denmark. This pre-treatment method is a very promising option to increase both bioethanol and biogas yields from lignocellulosic biomass, i.e. all kinds of agricultural waste.


In this paper,we consider a new improved algorithm of the clonal selection algorithm,called adaptive two phase clonal selection algorithm(ATPCSA),and apply to function optimization problems.Which also confirmed the proposed adaptive decimal mutation and the increase of coding bits in one-by-one and two phase clonal selection is valid to the accuracy and stability in solving the function optimization.


Two neural networks were trained to predict the correctness of protein residues by combining multiple validation metrics in Coot. Using the predicted correctness to automatically prune models led to significant improvements in the Buccaneer pipeline.


In this paper,kinetic model of Microbial Transglutaminase(MTG)batch fermentation with optimizing techniques was constructed,and it included three mathematics equations:cells growth equation,MTG formation equation and substrate consumption equation.Results showed that this model have some reliability by biological statistic analysis.


To store secrets and sensitive data in secure ways is necessary in the modern life. Since most hardware technologies used to store sensitive data are expensive for a single user, it is very common to store this kind of data by the means of software or software implemented encryption procedures. If for example the secret to protect is the secret key in a Public Key Infrastructure environment it would be important to determine the best way of storing it on a hard drive. It is also important to determine how secure the existing storing applications or available encryption algorithms are. A brief overview of the most common methods and solutions for storing secrets, such as encryption algorithms are given, and a proposal of a new stream cipher, its implementation and analysis are presented in this thesis. The stream cipher makes use of well known and understood techniques, such as linear feedback shift registers, irregular clocking, and truth tables, as elements and building blocks to achieve very high security and easy understanding of the fundamental structure of the cipher. The cipher is implemented in C#, and both the implementation and design of the cipher is made to achieve high efficiency when running in software, especially on a standard 32 bit processor (CPU). Cryptanalysis and thorough statistical testing are applied to the cipher to evaluate its cryptographic strength and security. Both the cryptanalysis and the statistical testing conducted on the cipher indicate that the cipher is secure and has good statistical properties. Efficiency testing shows that the cipher design is very fast in software.


GEO spaceborne-airborne bistatic SAR (GEO SA-BiSAR) has flexible configuration and the ability of multi-looking imaging, so it has a good application prospect. The transmitting propagation delay is about 0.1s due to the 36500Km high altitude transmitter, so the motion of ground target and receiver in the propagation delay can't be ignored. This paper presents a range model under the "non-stop-and-go" assumption, which analyzes the transmitting and receiving process respectively, and we consider the movement of the target and receiving platform under long transmitting delay, and obtains a succinct and accurate range model. For the delay of each process, we establish the accurate numerical solution, the approximate solution and expanded of the time delay under the "non-stop-and-go" assumption separately. Simulation results show that our method can estimate the real propagation delay accurately for both stationary and moving targets.


In this article, we study the trajectory equations of the bounded radial geodesics in the generalized black-to-white hole bounce with mass difference and the Schwarzschild-to-de Sitter transition approximated by the thin-shell formalism. We first review the trajectories equations of the general radial geodesics in Kruskal-Szekeres (like) coordinates of the Schwarzschild and de Sitter spacetimes, respectively. We then demonstrate how one relates the radial geodesics on each side of the shell by correctly choosing the constants of integration after performing the two coordinate transformations mentioned in our previous work, arXiv:2302.04923. We next show that the coordinate system used in the resulting Penrose diagram has no illness at the thin shell but instead creates a degeneracy between the timelike geodesics and null geodesics at the event horizons where the second transformation is applied. Due to this problem, we conclude that a global conformal coordinate chart for the spacetime connected via a static spacelike thin shell in general does not exist, except for some special cases. Since this is an extension of our work, arXiv:2302.04923, we focus on Schwarzschild and de Sitter spacetimes, though the method should be applicable to any cut-and-pasted spacetime connected with a static spacelike thin shell.


The local dynamics and periodic orbits in the vicinity of equilibrium points in binary asteroid systems are investigated. The dynamical model for synchronous binary asteroid system with one elongated asteroid and one small and regular asteroid is established. For the synchronous binary system, the influences of system parameters on location, stability, and variation trends of the equilibrium points are studied. The linear stability area for non-collinear equilibrium points is given. For the non-synchronous binary system, trajectories of equivalent equilibrium points are found. 1∶1 families of resonant orbits near the collinear equilibrium points of the synchronous binary asteroid system are obtained by the path searching correction method and the pseudo-arclength continuation method. This study can provide theoretical basis for the orbital design in binary asteroid explorations.


Online fishery market (OFM) is a fishery e-business platform that can meet dual need both on urban fishery and fishery e-business development. Firstly, OFM can promote the scientific lever of fishery industry and improve the linkage between tangible market and virtual ones in order to form a great market great circulation structure. Secondly, OFM can decrease the waste of land resources caused by many tangible markets and reduce environmental pollution of noise, sewage feculence. Thirdly, OFM can transact business among transnational or trans-regional parties unrestricted by time or trading area so as to enhance the competitive ability of fishery industry in the international trade. In order to reach synchronously many various business modes such as spot stock, online auction and reverse auction, an OFM must have seafood trading system, a discussion area for trading and one service area for the market. There are two important elements in OFM operation which are rating of seafood and credit guarantee in trading. The establishing risks of OFM construction come from system, environment and market.


Stress measuring techniques have, for the last fifty years or so, been centred upon single point methods utilising the resistance strain gauge. Measurements over relatively large areas have been possible using photoelastic coatings and brittle lacquers but truly non-contacting techniques have had to await developments in optical technology to achieve widespread use. This paper reviews available techniques of stress measurement and makes comparison between them.


This paper summarizes the research activities done at Politecnico di Milano in the field of the detailed kinetic modeling of fast pyrolysis of biomass to produce bio-oil. Note I of this work already discussed biomass characterization and the multistep pyrolysis mechanisms of reference species. The model is able to provide a detailed composition of pyrolysis products and char residue. Different critical steps are involved in this multicomponent, multiphase and multiscale problem. The first complexity relies in biomass characterization. Then, fast pyrolysis process involves detailed kinetic mechanisms, first in the solid phase for the biomass pyrolysis, then in the gas-phase for the secondary reactions of released products. The complexity of these kinetic mechanisms requires strong simplifications, thus chemical lumping procedures are extensively applied. Successive or secondary gas phase reactions of gas and tar components released during the pyrolysis process complement the kinetic model, together with th...


The overall objective from this thesis is to describe the development of the Ecuadorian children's literature between 2007 and 2012. And analyze which their pedagogic implications in the task of teaching and in the children's reading concept are. This thesis is based on an exhausted literature investigation which is complemented by a field research on the issue posed. It includes nine interviews to experts on each field involved in the development of Ecuadorian children's literature, among those enrolled: public and private institutions, publishers, writers, educators and civil society. In addition, a questionnaire on lecture interests was applied to 120 students in the primary section of La Salle High School – Conocoto.


Abstract : The specific objectives of this project are: (1) to identify the contaminant(s) to which the Atlantic Wood site population of Elizabeth River Fundulus has adapted; (2) to elucidate biochemical mechanisms of adaptation in this population of Fundulus; (3) to elucidate selected genetic aspects of adaptation in this population of Fundulus; (4) to develop useful markers for adaptation and genetic change associated with multi-generation exposures in an estuarine model (Fundulus); and (5) to elucidate "costs" of adaptation associated with multi-generation exposures, based upon studies of Elizabeth River Fundulus.


Abstract Capability-based planning focused on materialisation of Alliance´s ambitions has already been a reality for national strategic planners for several years. This relatively new planning environment offers not only new, broader possibilities but also new challenges. Although there are several documents describing capability-based planning available but no one is focused on a methodology how recognised capability needs is possible to translate into a common planning system explored within national ministries of defence. This article has an aim to overbridge this gap using a logical link between a package of required capabilities and existing hierarchy of goals, measures and tasks exploring a functional areas (DOTLMPFI) tool. Considering an idea the capability is a dynamic issue having its own specific life cycle it is necessary to think over various phases of its life. These phases influence directly a real level of the capability. Hence various phases have their own demands on allocated resources it is not sufficient to plan resources just for achievement of an appropriate level of the needed capability but it is also necessary to pay attention to other parts of the life cycle, especially sustainment.


We report on single-channel transmission systems with data rates beyond 100 Gbit/s. The current status and the applied technologies are reviewed, in particular 160-Gbit/s-based systems with long transmission distances and high bit-rates using advanced modulation formats.


Abstract This study investigated constraints and training needs of oil palm fruit processors- 'palm oil extractors' in Nigeria, using Afijio Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria as a case study. A two stage sampling technique was used to select one hundred and sixty (160) households involved in palm oil extraction activities across the study area. Data were collected using interview schedule and were analysed using both descriptive and training need analyses. Study findings revealed that palm oil extractors were aged women who have had little or no formal education and have been involved in palm oil extraction activities for about 35 years. Almost all the major palm oil extraction activities were carried out using the outdated unhygienic traditional methods. Training needs assessment indicated that sterilization (mean score = 7.54), stripping (8.17), mixing (9.36), skimming (8.46) and clarification activities (8.72) in palm oil extraction are all tasks that extractors require training on. Constraints to palm oil extraction activities reported were those of poor and inadequate transportation system (36.3%), water scarcity (26.2%), inadequate labour supply (21.9%) , as well as non-contact with extension (15.6%). The study therefore calls for the design of extension and training programmes by stakeholders for oil palm extractors, provision of boreholes at palm oil extraction vicinities, and mobilization of extractors to form cooperatives to acquire modern extraction machines


Through numerous studies, spatial skills have been shown to be important to overall success in engineering; however, most studies have focused on overall rather than specific areas of success. In this study, we examined the relationship between scores on a test of spatial visualization and a specific area of success—problem-solving in chemical engineering. Our quest included determining if a relationship exists between spatial ability and solving problems in chemical engineering; and if there is, what is the nature of such a relationship? In addition, we also wanted to know, how that relationship relates, to previous work on overall success in chemical engineering with respect to spatial skills. We tested students in a junior level chemical engineering thermodynamics course using a test of spatial visualization, the Mental Cutting Test (MCT). The test has twenty-five items and students were given 20 minutes to solve the test. Students were then presented with 13 problems from a sophomore-level chemical engineering course and were given 70 minutes to solve these over two class periods. All students had the same amount of time for solving problems with the assumption that those with better problem-solving skills would likely correctly solve a larger number of problems compared to the weaker students. Results indicate a strong correlation between the number of correct chemical engineering problems and the MCT results (R 2 = 0.34435, p < 0.0001). Additionally, there were indications that spatial skills may be more relevant in solving some types of problems compared to others, and problem representation may be a strong indicator of success in chemical engineering problem solving. That is, those students with high levels of spatial ability are better at problem representation, which enables them to be more successful problem solvers. In this paper, the project results are presented along with a detailed analysis of student performance on one of the problems.


Abdominal cocoon is of obscure etiology resulting in the formation of matted bowel loops, encased in a dense fibrous sheath, sometimes stuck to the parietes. This interesting condition could result in bowel injury during minimal access surgery, at introduction of a laparoscopic trocar.


We are living in a world full of heat engines, refrigerators and other energy transformation devices. Even life can be regarded as special form of energy transformation. The understanding of these devices and of the processes they perform have been central to our technological development in the past and will be of equally great importance for our future development. Equilibrium thermodynamics as it evolved during the19th century has provided a macroscopic theory for the description of these thermodynamic systems. However, it put its focus more on the states rather than on the processes occuring between the states. In doing so it became a powerful theory, but the prize to be paid till today is that more often than not processes are under-stood as a (quasi-static) sequence of equilibria neglecting irreversibilities. This idea of reversible processes is however at variance with the experience that in everyday live the processes occuring are not reversible, and - more important - are not designed to be reversible, because the desired finite rates for the energy transformation require finite and thus irreversible fluxes.


A family of parabolic Szekeres–Szafron class II solutions in local thermal equilibrium is studied and their associated thermodynamics are obtained. The subfamily with the hydrodynamic behavior of a generic ideal gas (defined by the equation of state ) results to be an inhomogeneous generalization of flat FLRW -law models. Three significative interpretations that follow on from the choice of three specific thermodynamic schemes are analyzed in depth. First, the generic ideal gas in local thermal equilibrium; this interpretation leads to an inhomogeneous temperature . Second, the thermodynamics with homogeneous temperature considered by Lima and Tiomno (1989 Class. Quantum Grav. 6 L93). And third, a new model having exactly the homogeneous temperature of the FLRW limit. It is shown that the three models above fulfill the necessary macroscopic requirements for physical reality (positivity of matter density and temperature, energy conditions and compressibility conditions) in wide domains of the spacetime.


Background: The Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) have a impact on the respiratory system and the recommendations for mechanical ventilation of patients with IAH/ACS remain unclear. Our study characterize the influence of elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on airway plateau pressure (PPLAT) and bladder pressure (PBLAD). Methods: Nine (n=9) deeply anesthetized swine were mechanically ventilated via tracheostomy: volume-controlled mode at tidal volume = 10 ml/kg, frequency=15, Inspiratory:Expiratory ratio=1:2 and PEEP of 1 and 10 cmH2O (PEEP1 and PEEP10, respectively). A tracheostomy tube was place in the peritoneal cavity and different levels of IAP were applied utilizing a CPAP system. Measurements were performed during both PEEP1 and PEEP10. Results: PBLAD increased as experimental IAP rose. Minimal underestimation of IAP by PBLAD was observed. Applying PEEP10 did not significantly affect the correlation between experimental IAP and PBLAD. PBLAD (in cmH2O) was reflected by changes in PPLAT regardless of the PEEP.


Littre's Hernia is an abnormal protrusion of Meckel's Diverticulum through an abdominal opening. Alexis Littre first described the condition in relation to a femoral hernia in 1770 (1). It is a very rare condition and very few cases are reported till date. Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. It is a true diverticulum found in the anti-mesentric border. It is the remnant of the persistent intestinal part of the vitello-intestinal or omphalo-enteric duct and comprises of all intestinal layers (2, 3, 4). It is found in 2% of total population, 2 feet from ileo-caecal junction and 2 inches in length, 2 types of common ectopic tissue (gastric and pancreatic). Meckel's diverticulum may be accompanied in the sac by the ileal loop to which it is attached; rarely, it may undergo incarceration or strangulation, necrosis, and perforation. In children, it is mostly found in umbilical hernias in which case it is more prone to adhere to the sac. Intestinal obstruction may occur due to volvulus, intussusception or very rarely as a complication of Littre's hernia (2, 3, 5). Its diagnosis is usually difficult despite the availability of modern investigative tools. A high index of suspicion is mandatory. In most cases it is an incidental finding. Hernial obstruction and strangulation of Meckel's diverticulum (Littre's Hernia) is a rare phenomenon and representing 10% of all complications of Meckel's diverticulum (6, 7). Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. We herein present an extremely rare case of strangulated Meckel's diverticulum in a Ventral Hernia (Littre's Hernia) which only became evident during surgery. The ventral hernia developed following emergency appendicectomy operation done for acute appendicitis 5 months back.


A complete series of ten Au(I) and Au(III) NHC complexes of the general formulas [AuIX(iPr2-bimy)] (1–3, X = Cl, Br, and I), [AuI(iPr2-bimy)2]BF4 (4), [AuIIIX3(iPr2-bimy)] (5–7, X = Cl, Br, and I) and trans-[AuIIIX2(iPr2-bimy)]BF4 (8–10, X = Cl, Br, and I) bearing the iPr2-bimy ligand, and all three common halido ligands have been synthesized and fully characterized. Detailed trends in their NMR and UV–Vis spectroscopic properties have been studied, and their electrochemical behavior have been probed by cyclic voltammetry. The solid state molecular structures of all new complexes determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction are also described.


Several initiatives have been implemented worldwide to foster student interest towards STEM disciplines. These initiatives are based on the awareness that mathematics is essential for scientific and technological advancement: it trains to reasoning and reflection, stimulates logical capabilities and intuition, improve investigation attitude. Most of them recognize also that mathematical problem solving represents an effective way to support teachers and students in their teaching and learning activities, respectively. In this context, this work is aimed at presenting OPS4Math (Optimization and Problem Solving for Teaching of Mathematics), a training project for Secondary School teachers, supported by Italian Ministry of University and Research. The driving idea, widely discussed by the scientific community, is to operate a reversal of the didactical perspective: starting from phenomena/problems to introduce concepts of data, variables, relationships and functions in an appealing way. We present project organization, structure and aims, to give useful hints for its replication.


Based on RANS equations,the wall effect and scale effect of ventilated supercavity has been simulated using inhomogeneous model and SST turbulence model with consideration of gas-water interaction and gravity effect.The influence of different turbulence models to gas ventilation coefficient has been investigated.The developing process of ventilated supercavity under different ventilation rates is shown through numerical simulation,and the cavity shape and resistance differences at different scale and in unbounded flow field are compared.The results show that the cavity length and diameter of the small-scale model are greater than that of the large-scale model.But the extent of the upper cavity drift of the small-scale model is less than that of the large-scale model.The length,diameter and the extent of the upper cavity drift at the unbounded flow field are greater than that of in the wall effect condition.In the drag-reducing,the maximum drag reduction of the small-scale model is greater than that of the large-scale model.The maximum drag reduction of the unbounded flow field is smaller than that of in the wall effect condition.


Pazopanib is a novel multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.It was proved to be used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.The preclinical and clinical researches have demonstrated that pazopanib has potent antitumor effects and is well tolerated.The mechanism of action,pharmacokinetics,clinical studies,and safety were reviewed in this paper.


Hydrologic exchange is a crucial component of the water cycle. The strength of the exchange directly affects the biogeochemical and ecological processes that occur in the hyporheic zone and aquifer from micro to reach scales. Hydrologic exchange fluxes (HEFs) can be quantified using many field measurement approaches, however, in a relatively large river (scale > 103 m), these approaches are limited by site accessibility, the difficulty of performing representative sampling, and the complexity of geomorphologic features and subsurface properties. In rivers regulated by hydroelectric dams, quantifying HEF rates becomes more challenging because of frequent hydropeaking events, featuring hourly to daily variations in flow and river stages created by dam operations. In this study, we developed and validated a new approach based on field measurements to estimate shallow water HEF rates across the river bed along the shoreline of the Columbia River, USA. Vertical thermal profiles measured by self-recording thermistors were combined with time series of hydraulic gradients derived from river stages and inland water levels to estimate the HEF rates. The results suggest that the HEF rates had high spatial and temporal heterogeneities over the riverbed, with predicted flux rates varied from +1 × 10−6 m s−1 to −1.5 × 10−6 m s−1 under different flow conditions.


The present invention provides a personal care composition having an effective perfume bloom or burst degrees. The personal care compositions include shampoos and body wash composition, comprising a flavor and odor sensory material having high strength at low concentrations perfume materials.


Linear relativistic anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic waves are investigated for an Imperfect fluid. Consideration is carried out for the plasma with finite bulk viscosity. Conditions for growth and decay of these waves are obtained in special cases of isotropy and Chew-Goldberger-Low (CGL) state.


Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a continuing practice among some immigrant groups. As mobility increases among this population, NPs in primary care will continue to see women who have experienced FGM. NPs must gain a better understanding of the practice in order to provide optimal, culturally appropriate clinical care.


Failure mode and effect analysis , visual inspection, electrical tests, X-ray observation, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed on failed linear GaAs MMIC voltage variable absorptive attenuators. Human body model electrostatic discharge tests and electrical overstress tests were performed to replicate the failures. The studies showed that the failure locations and damage shapes varied depending upon how the failures were replicated. Failure analysis results between the replicated failures and the field failures were compared. From the extent of damage and its shape on the field failure and replicate tests, it appears that field failure was caused by ESD stresses.


Simple Summary The world population is genetically and environmentally diverse. In particular, genetic differences related to an ethnic factor may underlie differences in cancer phenotypic expression. Therefore, we compared the epidemiology, and the clinical, biological and genetic characteristics of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) between Asian and Western countries. Our results show substantial differences in the incidence and age of onset between Asian and Western MDS patients. A higher proportion of Asian MDS patients fall into the high- and very-high risk prognostic MDS groups. This finding is supported by the identification of a higher proportion of high-risk cytogenetic aberrations in Asian MDS patients. However, the survival rate is similar for Western and Asian MDS patients. Our findings may impact the clinical management as well as the strategy of clinical trials targeting those genetic aberrations and mutations depending on the world area where they are run. Abstract This study explores the hypothesis that genetic differences related to an ethnic factor may underlie differences in phenotypic expression of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). First, to identify clear ethnic differences, we systematically compared the epidemiology, and the clinical, biological and genetic characteristics of MDS between Asian and Western countries over the last 20 years. Asian MDS cases show a 2- to 4-fold lower incidence and a 10-year younger age of onset compared to the Western cases. A higher proportion of Western MDS patients fall into the very low- and low-risk categories while the intermediate, high and very high-risk groups are more represented in Asian MDS patients according to the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System. Next, we investigated whether differences in prognostic risk scores could find their origin in differential cytogenetic profiles. We found that 5q deletion (del(5q)) aberrations and mutations in TET2, SF3B1, SRSF2 and IDH1/2 are more frequently reported in Western MDS patients while trisomy 8, del(20q), U2AF1 and ETV6 mutations are more frequent in Asian MDS patients. Treatment approaches differ between Western and Asian countries owing to the above discrepancies, but the overall survival rate within each prognostic group is similar for Western and Asian MDS patients. Altogether, our study highlights greater risk MDS in Asians supported by their cytogenetic profile.


Abstract Neo-Kantian philosophers see accountability as a key property of autonomy, or of social freedom more broadly. Autonomy, among those theorists, is, I contend, implicitly co-conceived with responsibility, producing a quasi-juridical conception of autonomy and a limiting notion of freedom. This article criticizes the connecting of freedom with accountability on a number of grounds. First, various conceptions of autonomy not only operate without a notion of accountability, but, in fact, would be impaired by an accountability requirement. Second, the neo-Kantians are unable to defend the freedom enhancing properties that are supposedly brought about by the giving of reasons for one's beliefs and actions. Third, the project of accountability is indifferent to personal outlooks, not because it takes a holistic perspective, but because of its interest in social convergence.


We identify natural degrees of freedom of polycrystalline materials – affine transformations of grains – with those of a three-dimensional lattice theory for (T ⊗ )(R 3 ). We define a lattice Dirac operator on this space and identify its continuous limit with the free field limit of the whole fermionic sector of the standard model. Fermion doubling is used here as a tool to obtain the necessary number of steps of freedom. The correspondence extends to important structural properties (families, colors, flavor pairs, electromagnetic charge). We find a lattice version of chiral symmetry similar to the Ginsparg-Wilson approach. This correspondence suggests to propose a "polycrystalline ether". Combined with GLET, a general Lorentz ether theory of gravity with GR limit, this becomes a concept for a theory of everything. The extension to gauge fields is the major open problem and requires new concepts.


Purpose – This paper aims to provide a new dynamic modeling approach for root cause detection of the auto-body assembly variation. Design/methodology/approach – The dynamic characteristics, such as fixture element wear and quality of incoming parts, are considered in assembly variation modeling with the dynamic Bayesian network. Based on the network structure mapping, the parameter learning of different types of nodes is conducted by integrating process knowledge and Monte Carlo simulation. The inference was that both the measurement data and maintenance actions are evidence for the improvement of diagnosis accuracy. Findings – The proposed assembly variation model which has incorporated dynamic manufacturing features could be used to detect multiple process faults effectively. Originality/value – A dynamic variation modeling method is proposed. This method could be used to provide more accurate diagnosis results and preventive maintenance guidelines for the assembly process.


The present climate is characterized not only by the trend due to the increase in the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, but also by fluctuations covering a wide range of frequencies and scales. The global climate variability, calculated via the computational results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 of the World Climate Research Program, show significant inter-model differences. In particular, inter-model distinctions in decadal anomalies of the global and hemispheric temperatures reach four times the value. However, unlike the inter-model differences in climate sensitivity, the reasons for a wide range of estimates of climate variability are still unclear. Based on the two-component energy-balance stochastic model, the paper analyzes the inter-annual and inter-decadal variability of the mean global surface temperature (GST) to feedback and the thermal inertia of the atmosphere-ocean system, assuming that the external forcing is random fluctu-ations of the radiation balance at the top of the atmosphere. Using the obtained ab-solute and relative sensitivity functions, the influence of thermal inertia and feed-backs in the climate system on the inter-annual and inter-decimal variability (variance) of the GST and its spectrum is estimated.


Temperature effects in adsorptive chromatography of polyphenols were analysed by using van't Hoff plots and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The model polyphenols were catechin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The stationary phase (chromatography packing media) was polystyrene-divinyl benzene (PS-DVB) resin particles and the mobile phase was an ethanol-water mixture. The distribution coefficients K were obtained by isocratic elution experiments as a function of ethanol concentration in the temperature range 288 to 308K. K decreased with increasing temperature. The system was exothermic. The enthalpy values obtained by van't Hoff plots were ca. -46 to -58 kJ/mol. The enthalpy values by ITC were slightly smaller (-26 to -34 kJ/mol).


Since the early 1990s Decentralised Cooperation (DC) has stepped into the international development arena as a cooperation modality considered able to promote relationships not focused on the paradigm of aid rather than on mutual interests of institutions and persons who despite living in distant places face common challenges. At the end of the 1990s Trentino (Italy) started four DC programmes with Prijedor (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Peja Pec (Kosovo), Caia (Mozambique) and Kraljevo (Serbia). DC in Trentino is called "cooperation between communities" to emphasize the relationships between the institutions involved. These programmes, supported by the Autonomous Province of Trento and implemented by civil society organizations, represent one of the most significant international cooperation policies in Trentino. The article analyses how the system of objectives has evolved in relation to the political and institutional contexts of the territories in which "Trentino with" works. The analysis focuses on the relationships between the evolution of the objectives and the organizational structures of the four programmes. The research aims at reconstructing the history of these programmes, identifying significant practices and providing guidance for future planning through a learning process for the actors involved in the programmes.


Insertion of zinc to a cationic porphyrin in water was accelerated by the addition of catechols and related compounds 2-5, while decelerated by the addition of pyridine derivatives 6-7. Complexes between zinc and 2-7 with different stoichiometric ratios showed different activity toward the zinc insertion reaction. The reaction becomes slower as the ionic strength is higher in the presence of tiron, indicating that electrostatic force plays an important role in the catalysis.


The effect of air and vapor permeability of material on heat and mass transfer in clothing systems has been investigated with experimental and theoretical model. When size of air space is set very small e. g. about 5mm, water vapor condensation occurs. In such a case, water vapor permeability has more effect on heat and mass transfer than air permeability. In comparison with vapor impermeable fabric, vapor permeable fabric decreases the amount of condensation heat flux. In other word, such a fabric can keep lows the temperature and the amount of absolute water vapor concentration in microclimate, high values of which cause humid and heat stress sensation to wearer. The numerical analysis shows that the velocity of convective flow in microclimate is highly related to air permeability of fabric. However, the convective flow rate in microclimate under an air impermeable clothing is faster than that of a permeable clothing, especially inlet at the lower edge. Additionally, for a garment without air and vapor permeability, only the pathway through the openings is available. This shows that thermal insulation and water vapor resistance of clothing-system are determined not only by fabric properties but also by constructive factors as how to wear, such as condition of upper and lower opening, size of air space of microclimate.


There is an increasing need for education professionals to keep abreast of new research and developments in their fields. The peer support group, which is characterized by the sharing of expertise and knowledge, the provision of mutual support, and joint problem solving among professional colleagues, has been advanced as promising means of promoting professional growth and development. This article reports the results of an exploratory national survey of school psychologists' involvement in peer support groups (PSGs) that was undertaken to identify the potential contributions of such activities to improving professional practice. Nearly 64% of the respondents indicated involvement in a PSG at some point in their careers, with almost 50% currently participating in one. Several benefits were attributed to group membership, and it was suggested that further research efforts are needed to clarify the essential components that contribute to group effectiveness.


Stress derivatives for perfectly elastic homogeneous and isotropic shell in equilibrium with forces acting along edges, applying theory of elliptic partial differential equations


Sectarian violence in Kashmir (1988–2000) is used as a way of illustrating how various factors (i.e., economic, social and political) promoted violence between Sunnis and Shias. India could hardly resist becoming involved in the conflict as its territorial interests – among others – collided violently with those of Pakistan. Murphy, in the light of the cynicism regarding Pakistan's future, reminds us that many remain optimistic that "[d]espite its history of poor government, Pakistani society has proven to be surprisingly strong and resilient" (p. 167). Murphy's work is for many reasons vital for answering questions beyond terrorism exclusively. Rather, the arguments made and evidence presented in support of those arguments relate to issues and concerns regarding state building, government and governance, and social activism and civil society, more generally. Murphy's robust examination in numerous corridors of religious, political, social, economic and regional histories is also connected to CTS theory where we find a "moral dimension to terrorism research" (p. 167) that requires attention. As Murphy states, "[t]he questions asked, and the methodological approach taken, in this volume have been strongly influenced by the insights provided by the new subfield of terrorism studies [. . .] which emerged around 2006" (p. 5) and is part of a fruitful exchange between theoretical approaches and research traditions. Subsequently, this work lends itself easily to advanced students and scholars, as well as practitioners in research institutes and organisations with special interests in Pakistan and the region in which Pakistan is imbedded. Murphy provides a critical contribution to theoretical discussions about terrorism and political (including religious) violence, and substantive areas of research and practice that are equally important.


International law in general — Relation to municipal law — Claim by French national for compensation from French State in respect of property looted following Agadir earthquake — Duty of protection of French nationals and their property abroad by diplomatic and consular services — Whether involving French Government's conduct of international relations — Whether justiciable by French administrative tribunals — Whether Morocco alone responsible for maintaining order — The law of France.


Flash floods are common in mountainous regions. Afghanistan is prone to flash floods because of its steep slopes in headwaters (Figure 1). Flash floods occur mainly as a result of heavy rainfall combined with rapid snowmelt, mostly during the spring months. Besides water, flash floods carry considerable amounts of debris. Amu River, for example, has an elevation difference of 2700 m between Pamir and Kham Ab and carries about 250 million cubic metres of sediment from flash floods every year. The river erodes large areas of land in Afghanistan. In general, Hairatan district in the north, and Harirood and Farahrood rivers (Hilmand basin) in the western part, are flash flood-prone. Lack of vegetation and denudation of the mountain areas are the major causes of flash floods. In recent years, flash floods have been occurring more frequently and with increasing ferocity in countries like Afghanistan.


Abstract This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in the structure and dynamics of party–state systems and their different metamorphosis from a comparative perspective. This approach allows interpretation of the Chinese system specifics and its transformation within this framework. Theoretical findings are based on empirical research carried out in Hungary, Romania, and China by the author between 1975 and 2014. Empirical research revealed a politically monopolized interactive and intertwined network of dependency and interest promotion among actors in the party, the state, and the economy during decision-making. This network possesses similar elements and connecting and operating principles whatever the time, the space, and the level of its aggregation. It renders the structural background of power distribution and that of the politically rational behavior of economic actors in the selective distribution of resources and in the overall drive for growth, resulting in frequent investment overheating and overcapacity. The comparative framework also defines the structural varieties of power distribution in the network that are responsible for the differences in the operation and the sequence, speed, and conditions of system transformation.


La-doped n-type ZnO and SnO2 thin films are prepared by method of vacuum evaporation on glass substrates.The effects of doping content and heat-oxidation on the structure,surface topography and sensitive characteristics are investigated.The results show that surface is refined after La-doping.With the increasing doping amount,the average grain size of ZnO and SnO2 thin films increased as well.In addition,the operating temperature for gas sensing is reduced significantly by the way of La-doping.In contrast with SnO2 doping,the La-doped ZnO films show better gas sensing property.When environed in reducing gas environment(acetone,ethanol)with volume fraction of 6×10-3,the sensitivities to acetone and ethanol of 3% La-doped ZnO thin films are 36 and 23;the sensitivity to acetone of 3% La-doped SnO2 thin films is 15.The 5% La-doped SnO2 films show the improvement of the sensing property to ethanol.


We provide the first observation of weak localization in high carrier density two-dimensional electron gas in AlInN/GaN heterostructures; at low temperatures and low fields the conductivity increases with increasing magnetic field. Weak localization is further confirmed by the lnT dependence of the zero-field conductivity and angle dependence of magnetoresistance. The inelastic scattering rate is linearly proportional to temperature, demonstrating that electron-electron scattering is the principal phase breaking mechanism. Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations at high magnetic fields are also observed. From the temperature dependent amplitude of SdH oscillation and Dingle plot, the effective mass of electron is extracted to be 0.2327me; in addition the quantum lifetime is smaller than transport time from Hall measurement, indicating small angle scattering such as from remote ionized impurities is dominant. Above 20 K, the scattering changes from acoustic phonon to optical phonon scattering, resulting in a rapid decrease in carrier mobility with increasing temperature.


Environmental measures such as tidal flat creation, and nutrient load reduction from rivers are expected to result in hypoxia annihilation and lead to a bountiful ecosystem through an ecological chain response of estuaries comprised of benthic-pelagic or central bay-tidal flat ecosystems. The Ecological Connectivity Hypoxia Model (ECOHYM) was developed to demonstrate the mechanisms of ecological chain responses and its direction from two perspectives: "each biochemical and physical response, contributing to oxygen production/consumption (elemental approach)" and "the whole estuary, composed of mutual temporal-spatial linkage of benthic-pelagic or central baytidal flat ecosystems (holistic approach)". The model was applied to Tokyo Bay and was calculated for a time frame of 100 years under seasonal forcing functions to achieve an annual periodical steady state. The calculated seasonal dynamics and daily/tidal dynamics were in good agreement with the observed data.


We measured crustal thickness and mapped Moho transition zone (MTZ) character over an 880 km section of the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) using the first full 3D multichannel seismic (MCS) dataset collected across a mid-ocean ridge (MOR). The 9°42'-9°57'N area was initially investigated using 3D poststack time migration, which was followed by application of 3D prestack time migration (PSTM) to the whole dataset. This first attempt at applying 3D PSTM to MCS data from a MOR environment resulted in the most detailed reflection images of a spreading center to date. MTZ reflections are for the first time imaged below the ridge axis away from axial discontinuities indicating that Moho is formed at zero age at least at some sections of the MOR system. The average crustal thickness and crustal velocity derived from PSTM are 5920±320 m and 6320±290 m/s, respectively. The average crustal thickness varies little from Pacific to Cocos plate suggesting mostly uniform crustal production in the last ~180 Ka. However, the crust thins by ~400 m from south to north. The MTZ reflections were imaged within ~92% of the study area, with ~66% of the total characterized by impulsive reflections interpreted to originate from a thin MTZ and 26% characterized by diffusive reflections interpreted to originate from a thick MTZ. The MTZ is dominantly diffusive at the southern (9°37.5'-9°40'N) and northern (9°51'-9°57'N) ends of the study area, and it is impulsive in the central region (9°42'-9°51'N). No data were collected between 9°40'N and 9°42'N. More efficient mantle melt extraction is inferred within the central region with greater proportion of the lower crust accreted from the axial magma lens than within the northern and southern sections. This along-axis variation in the crustal accretion style may be caused by interaction between the melt sources for the ridge and the local seamounts, which are present within the northern and southern survey sections. Third-order, but not fourth-order ridge discontinuities are associated with changes in the Moho reflection character and/or near-axis crustal thickness. This suggests that the third-order segmentation is governed by melt distribution processes within the uppermost mantle while the fourth-order ridge segmentation arises from midto upper-crustal processes. Back to: Crustal Accretion Processes at Intermediate to Fast-Spreading Ridges: New Advances from Seafloor Geology, Geophysical Experiments and Ocean Drilling


The invention discloses a vertical component leveling method, and particularly discloses a vertical deforming and leveling method for vertical components of high-rice and super high-rise structures under the gravity load, relates to the technical field of structural engineering, and solves the problem that in prior art the vertical component is difficult to vertically deform and level. The vertical component leveling method provided by the invention comprises: hinging horizontal components to the vertical components; applying gravity load at a time; adjusting the section sizes of the vertical components to enable the vertical deformation of the vertical components to be same, enable the pressure stress of the vertical components to be uniform in horizontal direction, and enable the vertical deformation of the vertical components to be identical; rigidly connecting the horizontal components to the vertical components, and performing subsequent design of anti-seismic and wind resisting structures. The vertical component leveling method is mainly applied to design of high-rise and super high-rise buildings.


Creative responses to Chaucer, across the world, have never been more varied and vibrant. This repairs some shortcomings of earlier centuries, where imitators have generally reworked entrenched ideas of a fatherly, and occasionally misbehaving, Chaucer, although an exception must be made for Shakespeare, who was a brilliant early reader of Chaucer. 'Performance and new Chaucers' considers the globalization of Chaucer and looks at how his work has influenced the poetry of Sylvia Plath, Ted Hughes, Lavinia Greenlaw. Marilyn Nelson, and Caroline Bergvall. The extraordinary growth of translations worldwide since 2000 suggests new esteem for Chaucer as the poet of an unfinished Englishness ripe for translation, adaptation, and local variation.