In the modern world, thanks to the achievements of science in the field of humanities, it is possible to consider conceptual studies for a competent understanding of the management of human behavior, namely to know the nature and mechanism of the emergence of emotion and influence on aggressive behavior. A lot of research is devoted to aggression, because it affects not only the behavior, the mental state of a person, but also systematically affects other aspects of society. Aggressive within a person, as a wave sequence is reflected by unpleasant feelings, sometimes painful on the environment of loved ones, and has devastating consequences both for themselves and for others. The article studied the classifications (types, forms), structure, motivation of aggression, which in the complex should be taken into account and know the specialist working in the environment and the system of man-human. Research of nature of aggression opens interesting facts of different vision of theorists, but also allows to see some moments which it is necessary to know and consider in construction of modeling, designing in professional activity of the expert psychologist in industrial activity. This article describes many approaches and studies on human aggression approaches. A theoretical description of the reasons, conditions, motives, stages and structure of aggression and an analytical review of the materials devoted to this topic are given in advance.


In this paper, a new and simple time domain method of analysis is presented for the analysis of rectangular and semi-circular PIFAs, and the initial results are encouraging. The single mode approximation of the formulation ends up with a simple equivalent circuit derivation. Such an equivalent circuit can be analyzed in any Spice-type package to determine the time and frequency domain characteristics of PIFAs in a computationally effective manner and with reasonable accuracy.


A class of exact solutions of the heat conduction equation and the magnetic induction equation are constructed for the special case where there is no diffusivity or time dependence. It is shown how these elementary solutions may facilitate the solution of a more general class of problems in which diffusivity and time dependence may also be present. Moreover, the existence of effective variables, first introduced by Braginskii for the kinematic dynamo problem in the lowest‐order approximation, is a direct consequence of these elementary solutions.


A large amount of published evidence supports the interest of questionnaires allowing patients to report information on their health, perceptions, beliefs, and behaviour. They provide, at little marginal cost, specific, reliable and valid information and could therefore contribute to the efficiency and quality of care. Their application, however, still is limited to clinical research. Our assumption is that what seems to be an attitude of resistance by clinicians toward innovation could in fact be caused by the inadequacy of existing instruments to the specific objectives and constraints linked to their use in clinical practice. Considering the multiple implications of this shift in perspective, we report our research on the development and validation of tools for the specialist or the general practitioner. We conclude that, although not opposed to research, clinical reality mandates a change of paradigm to which such tools must adhere. Here lies the key to their adoption by clinicians.


The grafting of vegetables in Japan began in the late 1920s. Grafting has since become a popular and important technique in fruit vegetable production. To assess the status of vegetable grafting, the Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO and its predecessors surveyed public national agricultural research institutes in 1980, 1990, 1998, and 2009. Grafting is commonly used in the production of watermelon, cucumber, melon, bitter gourd, tomato, eggplant, and sweet pepper, and the proportion of production using grafted plants has increased steadily. The grafting method varies depends on the crop. In watermelon, insertion grafting has been used for a long time. In cucumber and melon, the method has changed from approach grafting to insertion grafting. In tomato and eggplant, it changed from cleft grafting to tube grafting. Most suppliers now use insertion grafting without roots for cucurbits and tube grafting for solanaceous vegetables. Originally, most Japanese fruit vegetable farmers raised their own seedlings containing grafted seedlings, but about half of them now buy from seedling suppliers. Suppliers have developed some excellent grafted seedling products, which are supplied in pots, in cell-trays, and rootless or rooted in soil held in nonwoven fabric. Rootstock cultivars of solanaceous crops have been greatly improved by breeding. The main purpose of breeding is to improve resistance to soilborne diseases. Many tomato rootstock cultivars with resistance to multiple soilborne diseases have been developed. Some have combined resistance to Fusarium wilt (races 1–3), Fusarium crown root rot, Verticillium wilt, corky root, bacterial wilt, tomato mosaic virus, and root knot nematode. However, new races of Verticillium wilt and root knot nematode have overcome this resistance, and no cultivars have effective resistance to bacterial wilt. The development of new, highly resistant rootstock cultivars is thus of crucial importance. Some eggplant rootstock cultivars have been developed with resistance to bacterial wilt, Fusarium wilt, Verticillium wilt, and root knot nematode, but new materials are needed to improve resistance to Verticillium wilt. Grafting of sweet pepper is a recent addition. Several rootstock cultivars with resistance to bacterial wilt, Phytophthora blight, root knot nematode, and tobamovirus have been developed. In grafting of sweet pepper, it is important to match the tobamovirus resistance L-genes of the scion and rootstock. Three rootstock cultivars with resistance to bacterial wilt, Phytophthora blight, and root knot nematode have been developed with L3, L4, or no L-gene.


IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC CO 2 CONCENTRATION ON ANTARCTIC SEA ICE. Five numerical experiments were conducted using a coupled model of intermediate complexity, lasting for 1500 modeled years, using different CO 2 concentrations (500, 600, 700 and 800 ppm). It was observed that increased atmospheric CO 2 concentration leads to a warming in the Southern Hemisphere polar region with serious implications on the sea ice cover. Numerical results revealed ice thickness reduction up to 1m in Weddell and Amuddsen Seas. In east Antarctic, from the Ross Sea to the Indian part of Antarctic Ocean, the absence of sea ice is the most prominent feature in the sensitivity experiments. The initial investigation indicates that the enhanced oceanic heat transport plays the main role in the modifications of the Southern Hemisphere sea ice under different CO 2 concentration as determined by the CO 2 simulations.


Adding invariance properties to a dictionary-based model is a convenient way to reach a high representation capacity while maintaining a compact structure. Compact dictionaries of patches are desirable because they ease semantic interpretation of their elements (atoms) and offer robust decompositions even under strong speckle fluctuations. This paper describes how patches of a dictionary can be matched to a speckled image by accounting for unknown shifts and affine radio-metric changes. This procedure is used to build dictionaries of patches specific to SAR images. The dictionaries can then be used for denoising or classification purposes.


In this paper,we used acid-base titration to determine the content of total alkaloid in Excoecaria venenata extracted by different methods.The contents of 2,2,6,6-tetramethy1-4-piperidone(TMPD)and aminoadantane(AAT)in same plant were determined by gas chromatography(GC).The result showed that the most quantity of alkaloid was got with 2%HCI aqueous solution.The content of total alkaloid in the dry leaves was 0.554%.The contemts of TMPD and AAT were 1.94%and 1.62×10~(-2)%in the fresh leaves,respectively.


This research is a quantitative research that aims to determine the effect of Capital Structure and Investment Decisions on Profitability. The study was conducted on transportation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method. The selection of samples from 34 transportation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017 period resulted in 9 companies that could be accepted. The type of data used is secondary data. Data collection techniques for the purposes of this study were carried out by literature and documentation techniques. Data tabulation was performed using the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study used the Multiple Panel Linear Regression Analysis with the SPSS 25 program and a 5% significance level. The results obtained from the testing in this study are (1) Capital Structure stated with Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) is not affected by profitability, (2) Investment Decisions stated with Fixed Assets Turnover have a positive significant effect on Profitability.


The utility model relates to a large user short message meter recording system, which comprises a plurality of short message collection recording devices and a system management center, wherein every short message collection recording device is connected with a plurality of kilowatt-hour meters which are collected with electric energy data through an interface circuit, and establishes with communication connection with the system management center and a manager handset through a GSM mobile transmission network. The large user short message meter recording system provided by the utility model takes the wireless public network technology, utilizes the existing mobile communications network, and transmits data through the mode of short message to realize the automatic meter reading and monitoring of kilowatt-hour meters in transformer table regions and power utilization large clients. The utility model has the advantages of accurate data collection, simple structure and convenient maintenance the cost is reduced; the automation level of the power utilization management of electric power departments is enhanced.


The engineering properties of moraine is researced systematically based on a airport in the west Sichuan province as example, which is instructive to studying the similar foundation.


Communicable diseases are a long-standing global concern. This research was driven by the need for Environmental Health Practitioners (EHPs) to comply with the regulations defining the scope of practice for Environmental Health. Section 5 outlines the role of EHPs in communicable disease surveillance (CDS). Therefore, the EHPs' perception of this function could influence the quality of service in the City of Ekurhuleni Municipality (CoE). The objective of this study was to determine the EHPs' perceptions with regards to communicable disease surveillance (CDS). A descriptive study that encompassed qualitative methods with a total population of 95 EHPs, consisting of senior EHPs and Environmental Health Managers respectively was employed. The study participants reported a wide range of opinions regarding the improvement of CDS, including training, reporting systems, specialization and development of standard operating procedures. A significant number reported dissatisfaction with the way CDS is performed in the CoE. This study has demonstrated that provisions of the regulations are not optimally adhered to. Therefore, these results may facilitate the creation of a comprehensive approach in addressing CDS by EHPs. This approach should guide policy formulation by the national government and aid in CDS.


Objective:To explore the CT features of desmoid-type fibromatosis.Methods:CT manifestations of 15 patients with pathology proved desmoid-type fibromatosis were analyzed retrospectively,and compared with the pathologic results.Results:The masses were found in abdominal wall muscles and in intra-abdominal cavity in 15 cases.On plain CT scan imaging,the lesions showed slightly low density or isodensity.On multi-phase contrast scan,enhancement was light on arterial stage,the lesions were notable and showed relatively low density on venous stage,and intense enhancement on delayed stage.Conclusion:The appearances of desmoid-type fibromatosis on CT were relatively specific,CT can be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of desmoid-type fibromatosis.


Simple Summary Current therapies for pancreas carcinoma (PC) are of limited efficacy due to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Bacterial toxins with pore-forming (oncoleaking) potential are promising tools in cancer therapy. We have developed a novel, suicide gene therapy treatment, based on Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE)-mediated oncoleaking. This is achieved by CPE suicide gene therapy to treat PC, which overexpresses the claudin-3 and -4 (Cldn3/4) tight junction proteins, which are targets of CPE action. This targeted gene therapy causes rapid eradication of Cldn3/4 overexpressing PC cells via oncoleaking and initiation of apoptotic/necrotic signaling. We demonstrate efficacy of this approach in vitro and after nonviral in vivo gene transfer in cell lines and in patient derived xenograft PC models. This therapy approach has translational potential for treatment of pancreas carcinomas and could also be translated into new combination settings with conventional chemotherapy. Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, associated with poor prognosis and restricted therapeutic options. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), is a pore-forming (oncoleaking) toxin, which binds to claudin-3 and -4 (Cldn3/4) causing selective cytotoxicity. Cldn3/4 are highly upregulated in PC and represent an effective target for oncoleaking therapy. We utilized a translation-optimized CPE vector (optCPE) for new suicide approach of PC in vitro and in cell lines (CDX) and patient-derived pancreatic cancer xenografts (PDX) in vivo. The study demonstrates selective toxicity in Cldn3/4 overexpressing PC cells by optCPE gene transfer, mediated by pore formation, activation of apoptotic/necrotic signaling in vitro, induction of necrosis and of bystander tumor cell killing in vivo. The optCPE non-viral intratumoral in vivo jet-injection gene therapy shows targeted antitumoral efficacy in different CDX and PDX PC models, leading to reduced tumor viability and induction of tumor necrosis, which is further enhanced if combined with chemotherapy. This selective oncoleaking suicide gene therapy improves therapeutic efficacy in pancreas carcinoma and will be of value for better local control, particularly of unresectable or therapy refractory PC.


It's an important method using the simulated Night sky in astronaut's course.This paper introduces the techniques of simulating Night sky on the computer.The single star which can be found by naked eyes was simulated with several pixels, then about 6000 such stars constitute the still Night sky.The changing data of stars from the offstage coordinate to the onstage simulate one-step move,continuous steps simulate the motive Night sky.Especially a simple method to find quickly the constellation mousepoint located by its boundary points is described.The emulator was carried out on VC environment,which verifies the effectiveness of the simulating techniques.


The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) was the first in the world to demonstrate that type 2 diabetes can be prevented by modification of eating habits and physical activity. The study showed that fibre-rich whole-grain products can help reduce the risk of diabetes among adults. There is a pioneering study about the link between genes and the effect of a cereal-rich diet among people at risk of diabetes. The Finnish study has shown that drinking coffee may reduce the risk ...


The hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane was studied in an ethanol-water system with ammonium hydroxide catalyst. Reactions were carried out with water concentrations of 5M and 10M and ammonia concentrations up to 1.7M, and the products examined by electron optical methods. Variation of reagent concentrations lead to changes in the product morphology from small irregular particles, through roughly spherical and spherical particles to large fused particles. Within the range of particulate material the variations in size can be related to the effect of reagent concentrations by consideration of the reactions occurring. The effect on morphology of replacing ammonia with ethylamine was investigated and resembles that of the use of much higher ammonia concentrations.


Introduction: There are several clinically significant outcomes of drug-druginteractions (DDIs) which have been classified as one of the serious forms of adverse drugreactions that may lead to prolongation of hospital stays along with severe cases of mortality andmorbidities. It may cause due to the selection of two or more interacting drugs to be prescribedto patient. Objectives: Therefore it is indispensable to attain a collective level of therapeuticdecision making so that any potential DDIs can be minimized that ultimately turn out to be safeand beneficial to patient. Study Design: The current study is based upon surveys to evaluateutilization of medications that have a narrow therapeutic range with high incidence to developDDIs and to access the knowledge, attitude as well as practice of using such drug productsin relation to these facts, though very few such studies have been identified, yet the relevantdata is insufficient locally. The study design was selected to be qualitative and cross sectional.Period: January 2016 till August 2016 in Karachi, Pakistan. Settings: The questionnaire waswell constructed for physicians, pharmacists as well as nurses who were selected as theparticipant of the study and a former consent from the respondents was obtained. Method:Coefficient of spearman correlation & Cronbach's α values were calculated in order to validatethe questionnaire (α = 0.927 and p = 0.918). The information based on practice along withdemographics of study participant was included as first segment of questionnaire while theirknowledge regarding drug interactions was included as second part. Mean scores werecalculated and responses were analysed by ANOVA in relation to the knowledge of membersrelating to drug interactions of vancomycin, warfarin and valproic acid. Results: Mean scores ofperception were found in order of 1.590.16, 1.549.02 and 2.020.83 for physicians, pharmacistsand nurses. No significant differences were observed between physicians and pharmacistscohorts in identifying the drug interactions whereas noteworthy variations were observed inthe group of nurses (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Such investigations are vital in their prospect tohighlight the importance for the design, implementation and monitoring of an effectual toolfor the guidance of various healthcare members involved in identification and management ofDDIs. Furthermore, results also signify the need of sophisticated support systems for valuableclinical judgments.


The question of how new organizational forms are created remains an unsolved problem in new institutional theory. We argue that one important way that new organizational forms emerge is through a process of bridging institutional entrepreneurship, which involves an institutional entrepreneur combining aspects of established institutional logics to create a new type of organization underpinned by a new, hybrid logic. Building on an in-depth case study of a social enterprise in the United Kingdom, we present a model of the institutional work required for this type of institutional entrepreneurship. The model highlights the multilevel nature of bridging institutional entrepreneurship, showing that it entails institutional work at the micro-, meso-, and macrolevels. The study contributes to the literature by examining an important way that institutional entrepreneurs create new organizational forms; shedding light on the relationship between individual, organizational, and societal level institutional processes; and exploring the relationship between entrepreneurship and institutional entrepreneurship.


The Dickman function F(alpha) gives the asymptotic probability that a large integer N has no prime divisor exceeding N^alpha. It is given by a finite sum of generalized polylogarithms defined by the exquisite recursion L_k(alpha)=- int_alpha^{1/k} dx L_{k-1}(x/(1-x))/x with L_0(alpha)=1. The behaviour of these Dickman polylogarithms as alpha tends to 0 defines an intriguing series of constants, C_k. I conjecture that exp(gamma z)/Gamma(1-z) is the generating function for sum_{k\ge0} C_k z^k. I obtain high-precision evaluations of F(1/k), for integers k<11, and compare the Dickman problem with problems in condensed matter physics and quantum field theory.


The most distinguishing feature of the thermal radiation, compared to conduction and convection, is that no medium is required to present among two or more locations for radiation exchange to occur. Thus the satellite in a vacuum space can reject and absorb heat to and from its environment for the thermal control only by a radiation exchange mechanism. Quite a few applications of pure radiation exchange techniques in the satellite thermal control including, among others, simplified thermal analyses for satellite system and critical components, measurements of radiation emissivities of unit surface coatings and thermal control materials, and simulations of heating and cold shrouds in thermal vacuum / thermal balance test, will be introduced in this paper. Theoretical and experimental methods for these radiation thermal control techniques are in details explained by the analytical formulations and test instrumentation, respectively. The objective of this paper is to unveil hidden reasons or unknowns for some technical data and equations often used by satellite thermal engineers during a satellite development. In the meantime, the contents about the radiation exchange techniques in the paper can provide the academic heat transfer area with the useful meaning of application.


Korean Folk Village was founded in 1974 as the first open-air museum in Korea. It consists of over one hundred traditional Korean houses and buildings. Most of structures in the Village were reproduced or newly constructed in traditional style. Some houses were used as craft shop and folklore performance. Preservation of vernacular architecture by the government began in the late 1960s in Korea. The development of the Village was initiated by the central government for the sake of attracting both the foreign and domestic tourists. Park Chung-hee administration focused on national culture to justify their dictatorship. The government drove a very rapid economic growth in the 1970s and Korean society was in the midst of modernization leaving many traditional landscapes behind in the memory. The Village was aimed to appeal the Korean people`s nostalgia and at the same time to combine their folk into the modern nation.


BACKGROUND
The study of almond fat stability is essential from a quality control perspective meanly because, in most of the cases, almonds are sold skinned and thermally treated. In this work an alternative method to Rancimat test based on Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (ATR-FTIR) was adapted for checking the induced degradation at 75 °C of seven almond oil cultivars, three of top California producing varieties, and, four traditional cultivars harvested in Spain.

RESULTS
The thermal oil degradation evolution was followed by measuring the changes in the absorbance of the selected FTIR spectra bands (3470, 3006, 1730, 1630, 988 and 970 cm-1 ). A first-order kinetic behaviour was observed, after an induction time in all bands.

CONCLUSIONS
Kinetic coefficients and induction times were easily obtained as the absorbance values (from difference spectra) fitted to pseudo-first-order kinetics after the induction time. Principal Component analysis was applied to the kinetic parameters to visualised which variables could be useful to classify the almond cultivars based on their resistance to thermal oxidation processes. It was found that selecting only the induction times corresponding to the bands 3470, 3006, 1630 and 970 cm-1 a separate classification of the Californian cultivars from the Spanish ones was possible. Finally, a linear discriminant analysis was assayed using only the four induction times previously selected. Validated classification and correct in 100 % of the cases was obtained for all the samples based on their Spanish or Californian origin. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


During a field investigation of passenger comfort 695 passengers on a cross-channel hovercraft were asked (a) to rate the temperature of the craft on a 10 cm rating line bearing one of four pairs of scale ends ' Pleasant—Unpleasant' 'Comfortable—Uncomfortable ' 'Agreenble—Disagreeable ' or ' Hot—Cold ' and (b) to rate the noise level in the craft on a 10 cm line which was either sectioned or unsectioned, and which bore the scale ends ' Very quiet—Very loud '. The resultant rating distributions indicated no significant difference between ratings made on the sectioned and unsectioned lines. Furthermore, the rating distributions produced from the three aesthetic scales were of the sameshape whereas the distribution of ratings made on the ' Hot—Cold ' scale were significantly different both in shape and median position along the rating line, implications of those results are discussed.


In this paper we propose a computer-aided diagnosis system for the breast lesion classification. Our approach is based on quantitative ultrasound and deep learning. We used the Nakagami imaging to create parametric maps of breast lesions that illustrate tissue scattering properties. For this task the sliding window technique was applied. The Nakagami parameter was calculated using the maximum likelihood estimator. Next, we used the Nakagami parameter maps to train a convolutional neural network. Classification performance was evaluated by 5-fold cross-validation. We obtained the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve equal to 0.91. The results showed that our approach is useful to distinguishing between malignant and benign breast lesions. The proposed method serves as a general approach for tissue characterization and differentiation. The Nakagami parameter used in this study can be replaced with other QUS parameters and the neural network can be trained in a similar fashion.


On behalf of all authors and editors, we thank the following reviewers for their generous assistance in evaluating manuscripts submitted to Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science during the past year. The list comprises all those, including editors, who completed one or more reviews between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022. Thoughtful and unbiased reviews are essential to maintaining the high quality of our journal – as such, we appreciate the significant effort required to read, analyze, and evaluate a scientific manuscript. The reviewers below conducted almost 2000 reviews between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022. As a testament to the quality of our reviewers, nearly 70% were rated "good" or "exceptional," and the average time to return a review was 13.9 days. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science would not be the outstanding journal that it is without the dedicated service of these individuals. If you have questions about the peer review process at Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science or are interested in serving as a reviewer, please contact the Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Joseph Carroll, at firstname.lastname@example.com.


Background In patients with allergic bronchial asthma, a strong relationship between elevated serum IgE antibody titres and the development of increased airway responsiveness (AR) has been demonstrated. To further elucidate the relationship between human (hu) IgE and development of increased AR, we developed an in vivo model utilizing immuno‐compromised severe combined immuno‐deficiency (SCID) mice.


Abstract : The purpose of this thesis is to mathematically model the Tactical Unmanned Ground Vehicle (TUGV) in the Janus(A) Combat Model. The TUGV has three sensors, an optical, thermal, and acoustic sensor. Algorithms currently exist in Janus(A) for both optical and thermal sensors. An acoustic detection algorithm exists although not available to all Janus(A) system users. This thesis examines the TUGV prototype, explains the Janus(A) TUGV model, discusses existing acoustic detection algorithms, and tests the TUGV model in a scenario driven experiment. Tactical unmanned ground vehicle, TUGV, Acoustic sensors, Sound propagation, Remote sensors.


The most common biological control agents of the genus Trichoderma have been reported as strains of T. virens, T. harzianum, and T. viride. Since Trichoderma biological control agent use different mechanisms of biocontrol, it is important to explore the synergistic effects expressed by different genotypes for their practical use in agriculture (Hemosa et al., 2000). Trichoderma species have been investigated as biological control agents for over 70 years, but it is only recently that strains have become commercially available. This finding is largely a result of the change in public attitude towards the use of chemical pesticides and fumigants such as methyl bromide. Trichoderma viride is an efficient biocontrol agent that is commercially produced to prevent development of several soil pathogenic fungi. Different mechanisms have been suggested as being responsible for their biocontrol activity, which includes competition for space and nutrients, secretion of chitinolytic enzymes, mycoparasitism and production of inhibitory compounds (Harman et al., 1993). Rice disease blast is caused by Pyricularia oryzae. Blast disease initial symptoms are white to gray-green lesions or spots with darkened borders produced on all parts of shoot; older lesions are elliptical or spindle-shaped and whitish gray with necrotic borders. Lesions are wide in the centre and pointed toward either end; lesions may enlarge and coalesce to kill entire leaves. The objective of this study is to control blast disease in rice. The study is to be conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Guyana, at Berbice Campus, Science Centre, John, from February 2009 to May 2009. The experiments are designed in a completely random block design with three replicates. Parameters to be observed are selection of medium, temperature, pH, and measurement of disease index and disease severity randomly. The studies are to show the potential of T. viride for control of blast disease in rice.


In this study, postherpetic neuralgia followed herpes zoster in 2% of patients under age 40, 21% between the ages of 40 and 60, and in 40% of those over age 60. Subjects self-described pain as none, mild, moderate, or severe. Patients aged >60 years had the worst prognosis: 18% still had mild pain at 3 months and 6% had moderate or severe pain. At 1 year, 8% had mild pain and 2% had moderate pain. No patients had severe pain after 12 months.


IN this brief communication I propose, without entering into particular details, to suggest the broad lines that I consider desirable for ecological investigations in South, Central and East Africa. The scheme is put forward entirely on my own responsibility, and not with the inspiration or authority of any government. Ecological research being a relatively novel line in scientific investigation, it behoves us to be particularly careful that we base that research upon practical foundations that are sound, and upon concepts that are broad and dynamic. The points that appeal to me as being of the first importance are based upon my own experience in e-cological research in South and East Africa. The territory under consideration comprises that constituted by the Union of South Africa, Swaziland, Basutoland, Bechuanaland, Southern and Northern Rhodesia, Nyassaland, Uganda, Tanganyika and Kenya.


Optimal control theory is applied to laser cooling of molecules. The objective is to cool vibrations, using shaped pulses synchronized with the spontaneous emission. The optimal mechanism is found to operate by a "vibrationally selective coherent population trapping". The trapping condition is that the instantaneous phase of the laser is locked to the phase of the transition dipole moment of v=0 with the excited population. The molecules that reach v=0 by spontaneous emission are then trapped, while the others are continually repumped.


A networked multi-agent system is a dynamic system that consists of multiple interconnected subsystems called agents. These agents are interconnected according to a certain communication topology: the network graph. An important problem in the theory of multi-agent systems is the problem of robust synchronization. Here, the dynamics of agents are uncertain. While the dynamics of the individual agents are not known precisely, they are close to a given nominal dynamics. The goal is to find communication protocols that achieve synchronization despite this uncertainty. A network is said to be synchronized if the states of the agents converge to a common trajectory. In the first part of this thesis, we provide protocols that achieve synchronization robustly for networks where the agent dynamics are uncertain in the sense that the nominal dynamics has been perturbed by coprime factor perturbations. Another well-known problem is that of model reduction: given a complex, large-scale system, can we find less complex models that accurately approximate our original system? Applying existing techniques to networks in general leads to unsatisfying results, because the model reduction step destroys the structure of the network. In the second part of this thesis, we investigate two different techniques that preserve the structure of the network. The first technique is based on clustering. Here, the agents are divided into groups and each group is represented by a single agent in the reduced network. The second technique instead reduces the network graph by removing cycles, thus reducing the complexity of the communication topology.


Single-phase inverters have inherent double frequency problems, which are likely to cause system instability. In this paper, it does not add additional switching devices while retaining the four switching devices of the H-bridge. This topology only needs to split the original filter capacitor on the AC side into two symmetrical connections and can cancel additional DC side support capacitors. For this topology, the fundamental frequency common-mode voltage injection is used to avoid additional low-frequency harmonics derived from the DC side. Theoretical analysis and experiment explain the working principle of the topology. The result proves that this topology can effectively buffer the double frequency of the system without additional switching devices.


A technique for secure image transmission is proposed, that transforms a secret image into a secret-fragment-visible mosaic image using Genetic Algorithm. The created mosaic image looks similar to a randomly selected target image which is used as a mask of the secret image. Mosaic image is obtained by dividing the secret image into fragments and fitting these tile fragments into the blocks of the target image. Genetic Algorithm is used to generate a mapping sequence for tile-block fitting. After the tiles are fitted into the target image, color characteristics of tile images are transformed to be those of the corresponding blocks of the target image. A lossless data hiding scheme using a key is used for embedding the secret image recovery information into the created mosaic image. The recovery of the secret image is by using the same key and the tile-block mapping sequence. The use of Genetic Algorithm results in better clarity of the retrieved secret image.


Current structural design codes in the United States treat the development of straight bars/lap splices, standard hooks, and deformed headed bars with separate equations. The fib Model Code 2010, on the other hand, uses a more unified approach. Recent changes to the standard hook and headed bar equations in the ACI 318–19 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete have sparked conversation about the discrepancies between ACI 318–19 and the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications within the bridge design community. The objective of this research was to develop and validate a unified approach for the design/evaluation of reinforcement anchorage. A procedure based on the partly cracked elastic stage of bond was proposed. The proposed procedure was validated with 1006 tests from the literature.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Laryngospasm in children is a critical situation that needs rapid recognition and immediate measures to avoid hypoxemia and its deleterious consequences. The objective of this study is to review the pathophysiology and recent approaches to managing laryngospasm in in children during anesthesia. Methods: We reviewed published studies from January 1980 to July 2017, with emphasis on the last 10 years, which central theme was laryngospasm in children during anesthesia. The main information collected were the epidemiology of the event and risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, treatment and new treatment perspectives. Discussion: When facing a child with laryngospasm, rapid diagnosis and a sequence of early procedures avoid complications such as hypoxemia, bradycardia, cardiac arrest and death. The approach should be directed to withdrawal of the stimulus (blood or secretions), jaw thrust, ventilation with 100% oxygen under positive pressure and deepening of the anesthesia (propofol), and neuromuscular blockade (succinylcholine).


A new version of three dimensional convective latent heating (GPM SLH ver.6) is produced for entire GPM observation region of 65N-65S, utilizing level 2 product of the GPM KuPR. The algorithm is based on the spectral LH look-up tables (LUTs) produced from a simulation of synoptic systems utilizing the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)'s high resolution (horizontally 2km) Local Forecast Model (LFM) for the midlatitude precipitation, as well as the LUTs produced utilizing the Goddard Cloud Ensemble Model forced with the TOGA-COARE data for tropical precipitation. The former is a new set of LUTs for GPM SLH and latter is the same as that used for the TRMM SLH. Regional separation between the midlatitude and the tropics are determined utilizing the precipitation regime classification adopted in the GSMaP algorithm. Note that an upgrade of the product version 5 and version 6 primarily resides in the improvements in precipitation type (convective/stratiform/other) classifications in the GPM DPR Level 2 products.


Abstract This Letter suggests a way in which a confusion matrix can be used to correct image classification results to provide estimates of area statistics under different cover types.


Since the 1950s,ethics of virtue has been the cutting edge in the Western Academic Circle.The paper holds that in the first place the concept"virtue"and its evolution should be understood with the involvement of original works of Grecian thoughts and contemporary compositions.In the second place with the conviction in the mainstream-Aristotelianism,"virtue"is inclined to be expounded as the state of excellence of man's basic functions,instead of the special entity indwelling in man.Therefore the task of ethics of virtue is to pursuit the state of excellence rationally rather than reveal its importance.In brief,the stress should be placed on practical wisdom,not good quality,in understanding "virtue",which is accordingly regarded as the central research object.


This is my first editorial as the new Editor in Chief (EiC) of the Nordic Journal of Nursing Research (NJNR). I had two main objectives in writing this editorial. First and foremost, to acknowledge the important work done by the journal's very first Editor in Chief, Professor Kim Lützen, and second to indicate for authors and readers of the Journal what I very much would like to see happening in order to continue the transformational work initiated by Kim. For me, it is important to acknowledge Kim's hard and tenacious work for the NJNR. I feel honoured to be able to take over the role as Editor in Chief after her, who for such a long time steered the journal straight into the future. Together with the Swedish Association of Health Professionals and the Swedish Society of Nursing, Kim was the one who took on the challenging task of transforming the longstanding journal Vård I Norden into the Nordic Journal of Nursing Research. Taking on a local journal (read Nordic), which had mainly accepted submissions not written in English, often describing small studies conducted by master's students (no offence meant), and then to transform it into an international research journal published within SAGE Journals has demanded a very experienced, knowledgeable and hardworking EiC such as Kim. I wish her all the best for the future, and I am certain that despite her retirement she still has a lot of important tasks on her plate. Thank you, Kim, you have most certainly set the stage for me, and I now need to carry on with the work you initiated. As the new EiC I have experienced the role initially as both exiting and daunting. Even so I have a very clear vision and ideas for the direction in which I want NJNR to travel. One of the most important tasks is to continue Professor Lützen's work towards indexation, as this is a sign of journal quality. As a consequence, this year our submission guidelines will be carefully revised. For example, the use of reporting guidelines such as those recommended by the Equator Network (https://www. equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/) will become mandatory for all future submissions, as will two to three bullet points highlighting the implications that can be drawn from the reported work in those cases where it is relevant. With the help of the editorial board, the structure of the Journal and which submissions to attract will also be looked into. It is important to acknowledge that all types of study designs are of importance within research into nursing, but it might be timely to increase the knowledge base about nursing from the perspectives of those receiving it, as well as about evidence-based nursing interventions focusing on essential human needs. Issues surrounding nursing – concepts such as missed care and poor nursing care as well as our failure to deliver evidence-based fundamental nursing care, i.e. supporting essential human needs for patients – are also something I would like to be discussed and debated in NJNR during the coming years, with a particular focus on what needs to be done to rectify such issues. In addition to supporting a possible focus on nurses' core roles, i.e. undertaking and leading fundamental nursing care, and the impact of this for patients and their nursing care, a call for a 2021 special issue will come out during the summer. The topic of this issue is yet to be decided. I would welcome suggestions from you, the readers of NJNR. One of the most accessed articles in NJNR is an Editorial by my co-editor Professor David Edvardsson 'Notes on person-centred care: what it is and what it is not' from 2015. Five years later, person-centredness can be said to be a firmly(?) established concept within both clinical nursing and research into nursing. Somewhat provocatively, what can often be said to be missing within the nursing community is an ongoing critical analysis and discussion of the concepts, that at time we embrace and integrate into nursing care and research into nursing very quickly. Open critical debate, discussion and opinions are, therefore, important as they can either support the further development or, if deemed necessary, the elimination of concepts of irrelevance for nursing and patient care. With that in mind in forthcoming editions of the Journal (September and December issues), I hope to be able to present a series of articles about person-centred care in relation to nursing and research into nursing five years after Edvarsson's well-written editorial. My hope for NJNR is that it will also attract Nordic and international authors wishing to raise topics of importance for patients, clinical nursing and research, as well as more sustainable research such as well-written literature reviews of different designs. In summary, I am full of anticipation for 2020 and look forward with excitement to this year's submissions to NJNR. May it be a productive year for the Nordic Journal of Nursing Research.


A wide range of family types is considered in this book: the link between them is that each lacks the usual genetic relationship between the adults and the child(ren) and thus each displays some version of surrogate parenthood. Included in this range are foster parents, adoptive families, step-parents and families created through sperm, egg and embryo donation. These 'departures from the norm' are said to merit interest for their own sake and because they highlight 'the importance of the nuclear family', in which the authors state their 'incorrigible faith'. After a first chapter in which they consider the dangers posed to the nuclear family by marital disruption and controls over reproduction, the authors turn to a consideration of foster families which they identify as having been neglected by social science researchers. As with several other chapters, this is largely a review of previous empirical research, but one which raises both methodological and substantive issues; they point, for example, to the need for further research on the role of the professionals involved and indeed on foster fathers. Simply by including the foster family in this survey the authors have done much to raise its profile and to make it worthy of further investigation. The authors are clearly more confident of their own expertise when discussing adoption, especially as they have much more material with which to work. Three chapters are devoted to this topic and are impressive in displaying the authors' ability not just to master the vastly different literature but also to deploy ideas from that literature to further research and understanding. This is particularly noticeable in the chapter which presents new data from Heather Humphrey on adoptees' interests in their origins: this well-researched topic gains from her attempt to test out hypotheses about both social and ego identity which have previously only been considered separately. The authors do not exclude their own work from critical review and it is with exceptional honesty that Michael Humphrey's earlier work from the 1960s is assessed in the light of later research. The chapter on step-parenthood returns to a systematic review of the literature but one which adds to the more traditional approaches. Thus, whilst themes such as the effects of divorce on children are considered, other, newer, factors are also included, such as the problems of sexuality between step-parent and step-child. As good methodologists, the authors do not speculate beyond the data, but they do identify areas such as this which require further research. Two chapters examine the achievement of parenthood through sperm, egg and embryo donation and through 'womb-leasing'. As the authors admit, they have little to add to what has become in recent years a fairly standard list of issues when considering these procedures, but nevertheless they do not always take the standard line in their response to these. For example, they question the claim that AID couples


Taking example for the environmental impact assessment of the Cross-ocean Bridge Engineering from Xiamen to Zhangzhou, the influence on fish eggs and larvae owing to the suspended substance in the construction period was analyzed. According to data from the investigation on fishery resource of Jiulong River Estuary, the losses of the fish eggs and larvae due to the suspended substance were calculated. The results showed that the loss of the fish eggs resources caused by the suspended substance was 14.0t, and the loss of the fish larvae resources was 96.8t.


The tremendous growth of mobile technology and WAP application forced us to provide new services to the users with the help of Wireless Application Protocol. It enables users to easy access a whole range of mobile/Internet and other data services from mobile devices such as without the need to plug into a separate laptop or data enabled device. This paper provides the overall view of the WAP technology and its application in the field of library and information science.


A list of 22 butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) observed on Sao Jorge island (Azores) during July 25-31, 2011, is provided. Stigmella aurella (Fabricius) (Nepticulidae) e Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Tortricidae) are cited for the first time to Sao Jorge. With exception to Hadena azorica Meyer & Fibiger (Noctuidae), the endemic taxa recorded to the island are common to Azorean archipelago. The present contribution deals with Odonata records observed on Sao Jorge: Ischnura hastata (Say), I. pumilio (Charpentier), Anax imperator Leach and Sympetrum fonscolombii (Selys). We report here the prevalence of parasitism by terrestrial mite Leptus killingtoni (Turk, 1945) (Acari: Parasitengona) on the parthenogenetic I. hastata and I. pumilio from the Sao Jorge island. Regarding the Hymenoptera, we recorded the presence of the larval parasitoid Glyptapanteles militaris (Walsh) (Braconidae), as well, Lisibia nana (Gravenhorst) (Ichneumonidae), a hiperparasitoid of Pseudaletia (=Mythimna) unipuncta (Haworth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The parasitoid Telenomus sp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) was detected in eggs of Lepidoptera. These parasitoid species (G. militaris e Telenomus sp.) have a high value as biological control agents of agricultural pests usually found in Sao Jorge. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Odonata, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Acari, Ilha de Sao Jorge, Acores, Portugal.


The article describes a rare progressive disease of the cardiovascular system, hereditary mitochondrial pathology - Barth's syndrome (3-methylglutacone aciduria type 2). A list of diseases for the differential diagnosis is given. A case of clinical observation of Barth's syndrome is considered. In the presented case, the disease manifested itself at the age of up to one year and was characterized by the signs of heart failure, muscle hypotension, and a decrease in the number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood. The child was repeatedly observed in the hospital, received treatment with an inhibitor of an angio-converting enzyme, digoxin, acetylsalicylic acid, was consulted by a geneticist. A splicing mutation was revealed in the 3rd exon of the taphazin gene. The combination in the clinical picture of the signs of heart failure, muscle hypotension, protein-energy insufficiency, neutropenia, onset in the first year of life, a decrease in the contractility of the left ventricular myocardium, an increase in the size of the heart and a decrease in its contractility gave rise to suspicion of this disease. Barth's syndrome was confirmed by genetic testing.


Objective Re-identifying the early hepatocellular carcinomas and the CT diagnosis.Methods Analysis the data of 48 Cases 59 early HCG with Pathology Conform. All patients were performed plain CT scan and arterial phase veinnal phase scan after contrast enhancement.Results The CT appearance of early hepatocellular carcinoma were classified three patterns.The nodular lesions were seen in 28 lesions (47.46%).Aiso-low-low density pattern in 19(32.20%)onunenhanced,arterial phase and veinnal phase CT scans.The nodular lesions were isodense on plain and arterial phase CT scans,and were low density on veinnal phase (iso-iso-low).This pattern was seen in 12 lesions (20.34%).Conclusion The diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma should be considered in those of people who were chronic hepatic disease if it shows a small lesion with a low-low-low,iso-low-low or iso-iso-low density on plain CT scans,arterial and veinnal phase after contrast enhanced CT scans.


Early age deformations of concrete are involved in cracking which can lead to service life reduction. In particular, the development of the concrete shrinkage under restrained conditions often leads to durability problems in concrete structures. This study (part 1& 2) presents an experimental methodology using two different test rigs enabling a monitoring of the stiffness, the creep or the relaxation of a concrete sample at early age. Tension tests realized on the Temperature Stress Testing Machine [1] (TSTM used at ULB) are presented in a second part while compressive tests, realized on another test rig called BTJASPE [2] (designed at IFSTTAR), are presented in the first one. In each part, models are used for the description of the experimental set of data. Results in compression and in tension are compared in the second part. Creep and shrinkage are important parameters to take into account for more realistic descriptions of early age cracking of concrete. The purpose of this study is to answer to the question of the equivalence between the early age creep and relaxation behaviour of concrete in tension and in compression for a typical reference ordinary concrete in sealed conditions. BTJASPE is a test rig which enable early age compressive test on cylinders. Samples are cast inside a stainless steel mould (sealed conditions) around which a flow of water allows the control of the sample temperature. The Young's modulus, the creep or the relaxation of the sample can be monitored at early age. Cyclic loadings are applied at regular intervals. In each cycle, a loading, controlled in displacement is applied, then the stress or the strain are kept constant during a short period and the sample is unloaded to a zero stress until the next cycle. Rheological functions are used to model the observations performed in compression. Results are expressed, after the setting time, in function of the maturity. This time is determined both with ultrasonic measurements and the monitoring of the stiffness with the cyclic loading protocol. Parameters of the creep model are used as input for the relaxation model whose response is compared to experimental results.


The paper deals with the multiobjective and multiscale optimization of heterogeneous structures by means of computational intelligence methods. The aim of the paper is to find optimal properties of composite structures in a macro scale modifying their microstructure. At least two contradictory optimization criteria are considered simultaneously. A numerical homogenization concept with a representative volume element is applied to obtain equivalent macro-scale elastic constants. An in-house multiobjective evolutionary algorithm MOOPTIM is applied to solve the considered optimization tasks. The finite element method is used to solve the boundary-value problem in both scales. A numerical example is attached.


"KALA-AZAR has for a number of years been one of the riddles of tropical medicine. There have probably been few diseases so frequently investigated during so short a period in which such varying conclusions have been arrived at by those who have been occupied with the work of investigation. In 1890 Giles1 declared the disease to be the result of ankylostomiasis, either by itself or, in some cases, complicated with a coincident malarial infection. A few years later Rogers was equally emphatic in his repudiation of the ankylostomal theory of origin. He states, after a lengthy discussion of the whole question, 'the disease, then, is a very intense form of malarial fever.' Still more recently, Ross3 in his exhaustive and interesting 'Report upon the Nature of Kala-azar,' appears to insist on the non-malarial nature of the second stage of the disease. It is true that he states-' I think, then, with Rogers, that kala-azar is malarial fever,' but this statement is so qualified in the text that he is generally quoted as ascribing the condition to a peculiar form of post-malarial cachexia. Thus Manson in his work on 'Tropical Diseases' says: 'Ross considers that kala-azar and a similar condition called kala-dunkh are virtually forms of post-malarial cachexia, akin to, if not identical with, similar conditions met with elsewhere in malarial countries! " This quotation is the prologue of a comprehensive paper by Bentley,4 published in the British Medical Journal, September 20th, 1902, based on an experience of 400 cases, the burden of which lay in its conclusion: "Evidently, whatever else it may be, kala-azar is essentially Malta fever."


The present invention provides animal hair and wherein the antibody selectively binds a particular formulation may be directed to animal hair in an antibody-based drug delivery systems. This is driven by the demand: increase the effective treatment period ectoparasites treatment of animals, reduce the toxicity of these drugs and improving their release profile.


Ž. In recent years, special attention has been focused on the development of gel polymer electrolytes GPE consisting of Ž. Ž . Ž . Ž . host polymers such as PAN, PVC, poly methyl methacrylate PMMA , poly vinylidene fluoride PVdF , etc., as they may find unique applications in consumer electronic and electric vehicle products. In the present study, blend-based polymer Ž. electrolytes composed of PMMA, PVdF, LiClO , and dimethyl phthalate DMP are prepared using solvent casting 4 Ž. technique. The miscibility studies have been performed using X-ray diffraction XRD and FTIR. The role of interaction between polymer hosts on conductivity is discussed using the results of ac impedance studies. A room temperature y3 Ž. Ž . Ž . Ž . conductivity of 0.914 = 10 Srcm has been obtained for the PMMA 7.5 -PVdF 17.5 -LiCF SO 8 -DMP 67 polymer 33


The sedimentation condition directly affected the sustainability of reservoirs which are as long as they offer sufficient water storage for their objectives such as electric power and water supply. Statistic analysis of sedimentation condition could give a measure of the sustainability and life span of reservoirs. In this study, we built a database of 421 reservoirs in Japan from 1994 to 2003. First, this paper describes the Mann-Kendall trend analysis of sedimentation in terms of total amount and annual average. Spatial distribution of sedimentation condition for each dam is presented by using geographic information systems (GIS). Most of 421 dams had a significantly increasing trend of total sedimentation with more than 2.0 in terms of Z test value. Most decreasing trend of total sedimentation are found at Chubu region, the west of Kyushu region and Tohoku region. For the annual average sedimentation, most of 421 dams show the significant decreasing trend, especially in the Chubu region (Higashiyama area and Tokai area), Kinki region and the northwest of Kyushu region. On the other hand, the significant increasing trend of annual sedimentation is presented at Hokuriku region, the west of Kanto region and the west of Shikoku region. The life span of all 421 dams are calculated by using a simple statistical method based on the Mann-Kendall trend analysis of sedimentation condition. The life span in Chubu region, Hokkaido region and Kyushu region had the shorter life span than other regions with 335, 473 and 559 years in average. In Chugoku region, there are eight dams that the life spans are over 5000 years. The relationship between the life span and watershed characteristics is estimated in this study. The average slope of watershed may have the high relationship with the sediment production. This study could give a direct information for the policy maker to conduct the best management on dams.


Background and Purpose: Ozone is an inorganic molecule with effective antimicrobial properties. Clinical treatment of ozonated water was used for the elimination of Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, endotoxins, and biofilms from root canals. In addition, its therapeutic effects for tinea pedis, ulcers, and leishmaniasis were investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the fungicidal effects of ozone on different forms of C. albicans. In addition, antifungal susceptibility profile of strains was assessed before and after exposure to ozone. Materials and Methods: Fifty strains of C. albicans were exposed to gaseous ozone at different times. Furthermore, biofilm formation and germ tube production were evaluated when yeast suspensions were exposed to ozone. In addition, antifungal susceptibility of ozone resistant colonies was investiagted as compared to controls. Results: Ozone was highly effective in killing C. albicans in yeast form and inhibition of germ tube formation during 210 and 180 s, respectively. Although with increasing exposure time biofilm production was considerably decreased, resistance to ozone was much higher among vaginal and nail isolates even after 60 min. All the strains were sensitive to fluconazole, caspofungin, and terbinafine pre- and post-ozone exposure. Resistance to amphotericin B was significantly enhanced after exposure to ozone. Conclusion: Although ozone was highly effective on the yeast form of C. albicans and it can inhibit the formation of germ tubes in C. albicans, the complete removal of biofilms did not happen even after 60 min. It seems that ozone therapy induces resistance to amphotericin B.


AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionValue of CSRCSR and SustainabilityCSR and Stakeholder EngagementSustainability ReportingNon-financial ReportingNon-Financial Reporting Methods and MeasuresExtent of ReportingCreating Value


University counselling departments have seen a consistent rise in student demand for psychological services and with students who present with severe poor mental health.This increase has led to managers of university counselling services exploring creative and dynamic ways to respond to the changing needs of the university student. While universities have introduced a range of models to address student mental health and wellbeing, the University of the Sunshine Coast (USC) counselling team introduced a centralised same-day telephone triage service in response to student demand. The present article aims to discuss the process and outcomes of the new triage service.;


The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak on incidence, delays, and outcomes of ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in France.


According to the rising traffic noise pollution in cities, this text scientifically analyze the major factors. In conjunction of the fact,many noise control methods are implemented technologically and from management side. The result is clear.


The article deals with the Franco-German relations in 1933 – 1939. The author studies the transformation of the German political system, identifies the stages of the development of the pre-war German foreign policy, and seeks to demonstrate how these changes affected domestic and foreign policies of France and other Western European States.


A pesticide having stabilized high pesticidal effects for crop plants infected with plant diseases, is presented. The pesticide contains a biphenyl derivative represented by the formula (I) or its salt, as an active ingredient: wherein X, Y and Z are each independently a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a formyl group, an alkyl group which may be substituted, an alkoxy group which may be substituted, an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an alkylsulfinyl group, or the like, A is a carbonyl group, a thiocarbonyl group, an alkylene group, or a single bond, R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted, an alkenyl group which may be substituted, an alkynyl group which may be substituted, an aryl group which may be substituted, a formyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a cyano group, or the like, and m and n are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.


This study was performed as the preliminary research to calculate the concentration of radon exposure and the annual effective dose in public hot spring bath-house. The research found that public bathhouses are the primary cause of the indoor air radon concentration inside a hot spring bathhouse. The indoor radon concentration inside a bathhouse differs significantly by region and among bathhouses in the same region, indicating that the indoor air radon concentration is affected by many factors. The annual effective indoor radon dose by exposure is estimated to range from 1.2×10−2mSv/y to 2.5×10−2mSv/y. Since this research is considered as preliminary research, further and additional relevant research to more reliably calculate the result are necessary, including accumulative research for indoor radon concentrations, and research for exposure coefficients such as the behavior patterns of public bathhouse users, etc.


well-known (and frequently used) breakbeats, Google maps of "hip-hop landmarks in the Bronx," and interview footage with many significant figures from the history of DJing. Many of these are YouTube videos that readers could find on their own, but to have them all listed in one place saves a lot of time and effort (as long as those links remain active). Even more helpful are links to YouTube videos demonstrating specific record-scratching techniques used by DJs, including the crab scratch, the transformer scratch, and beat juggling. Katz's valiant attempts to describe these advanced scratches in the text are greatly enhanced by the online resources. These resources are password protected, and readers are directed to specific pages of the book to find the username and password (readers should un-capitalize the first letters of the username and password). My advice is to take advantage of these online resources, which promise to deepen the insight which Katz's text conveys.


ZnO:Al (AZO) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at 300℃. Effects of H_2/(H_2 + Ar) flow rate ratio (R_H) during sputtering and post-deposition hydrogen plasma treatment on structural, electrical, and optical properties of AZO thin films were investigated and compared. For the films deposited with different R_H, all the films exhibited a (002) preferred orientation only along the c-axis and their 2θ angles decreased with increasing R_H. The lowest resistivity was obtained for the samples sputtered with R_H of 2%. The average optical transmittance in the visible wavelength region (400~700 nm) was over 85% and it slightly increased with increasing R_H. For the hydrogen plasmatreated films, the 2θ position of the (0 0 2) peak shifted to high angle side. The electrical resistivities of the hydrogen plasma-treated AZO (R_H =0) and AZO:H (R_H =2%) thin films decreased by 78% and 32%, respectively, compared to those without plasma treatment. It reveals that the hydrogen plasma treatment improves the conductivity of the non-hydrogen-doped AZO film more effectively than the hydrogen-doped one. Besides, hydrogen plasma treatment nearly did not change the optical transmittance in the visible wavelength region but broadened the optical bandgap of the film. These results suggest that the postdeposition hydrogen plasma treatment is more effective than in situ hydrogen doping in improving electrooptical properties of the AZO thin films.


SUBTITLE: WITH THE RIGHT TOOLS AND PROCESSES, BETTER SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING CAN BE A GOLDMINE. BUT HOW MANY COMPANIES ARE ACTUALLY REALIZING SUCH BENEFITS?


Chromatin organization and dynamics are critical for gene regulation. In this work we present a methodology for fast and parallel 3D tracking of multiple chromosomal loci of choice over many thousands of frames on various time scales. We achieved this by developing and combining fluorogenic and replenishable nanobody arrays, engineered point spread functions, and light sheet illumination. The result is gentle live-cell 3D tracking with excellent spatiotemporal resolution throughout the mammalian cell nucleus. Correction for both sample drift and nuclear translation facilitated accurate long-term tracking of the chromatin dynamics. We demonstrate tracking of both fast dynamics (50 Hz) and over time scales extending to several hours, and we find both large heterogeneity between cells and apparent anisotropy in the dynamics in the axial direction. We further quantify the effect of inhibiting actin polymerization on the dynamics and find an overall increase in both the apparent diffusion coefficient D* and anomalous diffusion exponent α, and a transition to more isotropic dynamics in 3D after such treatment. We think that our methodology in the future will allow researchers to obtain a better fundamental understanding of chromatin dynamics and how it is altered during disease progression and after perturbations of cellular function.


Purpose of review To review idiopathic orbital inflammation, with particular reference to the evolving entity of ocular adnexal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) disease. Recent findings Emerging evidence suggests that sclerosing idiopathic orbital inflammation can be an IgG4-related disease and discovery of this link has further reduced the subset of 'idiopathic orbital inflammation'. Ocular adnexal IgG4 disease should especially be considered if the orbital disease is bilateral or where there is systemic involvement. New reports are linking the possibility of lymphoma arising from a background of IgG4-positive inflammation in both the orbit and in other organs, and both the physician and the patient should be aware of this long-term risk. Summary Although the diagnosis of IgG4-related orbital disease continues to be challenging, there is a growing understanding of the pathophysiology and this is likely to be key to developing a clinical strategy for the diagnosis and effective treatment of this condition.


3600 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between initial irinotecan dose and UGT1A1 genotype, dose intensity, response rate, neutropenia and survival in advanced colorectal and gastric patients. Methods: This is an update of a prospective pragmatic trial performed UGT1A1 *6 and *28 genotyping in colorectal and gastric cancer patients who received FOLFIRI as 1st or 2nd line palliative chemotherapy. Patients were grouped as "defective" if the patient had a mut/mut genotype for either UGT1A1*6 or *28; and the others (wt/wt, wt/mut) were grouped as "control". Initially safety including Gr ¾ neutropenia, febrile neutropenia and diarrhea was evaluated for the first cycle of FOLFIRI treatment. Patients were comprised of colorectal cancer (1st line, 602; 2nd line, 332) and gastric cancer (1st line, 216; 2nd line, 395). We updated the efficacy analysis which included response rate, progression free survival and overall survival. Results: A total of 1,575 patients were enrolled. The...


Mental health reflects a person's emotional, psychological, and social well-being. A report by World Health Organization suggests that India is the most depressed country in the world. Hence, the idea is to develop an end-to-end solution for identifying and treating mentalhealth issues. This paper aims to develop an application to keep track of user's behaviour, both online and offline, to understand and identify the possible mental health issues using various analytical and psychological methodologies. The target users of this application would be the individuals just above the age of 18 which fall under the category of working class. Postidentification, the user is recommended a suitable change in his routine and behavior which would lead to a better lifestyle.Mental illnesses detection is a challenging undertaking because a misdiagnosis can lead to catastrophic consequences.Hence, our android application will take the necessary steps to accurately identify and treat the mental health issue.


Sak Yan Ontology (SYO) models knowledge derived from Thai tattoos in the design of cultural heritage preservation planning. Ontology Development 101 is a technique of ontology model creation. The aims of this study are to share the performance of ontology development and ontology evaluation. The study is specifically focused on validation from domain experts and automation evaluated using the OOPS! tools (OntOlogy Pitfall Scanner is a tool that helps detect some of the most common pitfalls appearing when developing ontologies). The results obtained from OOPS! show that SYO is devoid of critical errors; however, it does have one critical, three important, and three minor problems. Four of the problems are fixed, whereas the others are continuous. The combination of automatic and human validation methodologies improves the quality of the ontology being modeled. The tools enhance the traditional methodology with quicker, easier, and smaller amounts of subjective analysis. In conclusion, for the reparation movement, solutions for the above problems are suggested.


This paper was presented at a workshop on reparations before the ICC organized by the Universite de Montreal. It discusses the challenge of awarding individual or collective reparations. It finds a certain bias so far in practices and commentary in favor of individual awards, which it argues reflects an individual bias in international criminal justice more generally. It makes the case that collective reparations will in many cases be superior not only on pragmatic grounds but also because they make most sense from the point of view of transitional justice. Most importantly, collective reparations are the most faithful to a construction of most international crimes as crimes that target groups (e.g.: the Genocide Convention groups) or categories (e.g.: civilians) rather than individuals as such.


The discovery of a highly efficient drug delivery system with high biocompatibility and good loading/release properties is a key challenging issue. In the past decade, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great interest as drug delivery systems (DDSs), due to their high porosity, tunable functionality, and large drug loading capacities. Herein, we report the potential use of a new family of biocompatible MOFs called bio-MOFs synthesized from bio-based ligands and water-based synthesis for drug delivery. We propose a facile method to synthesize MIP-202 (bio-based Zr-MOF) built from Zr metal nodes and aspartic acid as an amino acid ligand. The efficiency of loading tetracycline hydrochloride drug onto MIP-202 and UiO-66-NH2 has been carefully studied. Characterization techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy have been used for structural and morphological confirmation. The loading capacity of tetracycline hydrochloride on UiO-66-NH2 was determined to be higher than MIP-202 reaching up to 50.3%. The results provide an investigated insight into the utilization of bio-based MOFs as drug carriers for tetracycline hydrochloride.


Objective: To evaluate micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of indirect resin composite inlay to dentin after specimen's storage in distilled water and lactic acid. Materials and Methods: Standardized MOD Class II cavities were prepared in 96 intact human molars and restored with SR Nexco resin composite inlay restorations. The specimens for each test (n=48) were assigned into three sets (n=16) according to the luting resin cement used (etch-and-rinse (Variolink N), self-etch (Panavia F2.0) and self-adhesive (RelyX Unicem)). Each set was subdivided into two equal subsets (n=8) relative to the storage media either distilled water or lactic acid. Half of the specimens of each subset were stored in each storage medium for 24h while the other half was stored for 168h (7 days). Results: The outcome of μTBS to dentin evaluation showed that, SE Panavia F2.0 stored in distilled water for 24h revealed the highest values. Etch & rinse Variolink N stored in lactic acid for 168h showed the lowest values. Conclusion: μTBS showed good results with SE resin cement strategy.


This article criticizes the doctrine (or canon) of the last antecedent, the example in Barnhart v. Thomas (540 U.S. 20) that has spurred its increasing use, and the claim that Justice Scalia's textualism is objective and politically neutral. To counter this claim, the article summarizes six empirical studies and cites eleven other sources. It also lists a dozen arguments to support the validity and value of legislative history as an aid to interpretation.


Both neuroethics and biopolitics are the newest discoveries of social sciences. They provide many problems and issues concerning the human nature, critical for the current political thought. The mutual relation between them forces us also to focus on the solutions in legal system through the crucial meaning of the notion of responsibility – the critical issue of neuroethics. The main objective of this article, therefore, is to: 1) to characterize neuroethics and its main approaches; 2) to introduce the current consensus reached in the debate on the freedom of will; 3) to outline the possible biopolitical consequences within the frames of the described paradigm.


This paper presents a refined model of the transfer function of a premix burner, compares the model with experiments, and discusses how the model can be used to map stability characteristics of a combustion system. The model is based on the assumption that acoustic velocity fluctuations cause modulations of fuel concentration at the fuel injector which, after a time delay, result in fluctuating heat release rates at the flame. Here, the time delay is modeled as a multitude of single time delays. The distribution of these time delays can be found either from model fitting to experimental data, or can be obtained directly from numerical simulations of the burner. The effect of distributed time delays is caused by axially distributed fuel injectors, turbulent diffusion, and a non-planar flame shape. As a consequence, heat release fluctuations at higher frequencies cancel, an effect which is also observed experimentally. It is found that the model is generally in good agreement with experiments. It is also demonstrated that the model can be used to map the burner stability charactistics for various operating conditions, e.g. for variations in power and flame temperature. A stability analysis is performed by incorporating the flame model into a combustor network model.© 2001 ASME


PREGNANCY toxaemia in sheep is a metabolic disorder associated with carrying multiple fetuses ([Sargison 2007][1]). It is characterised by hypoglycaemia and hyperketonaemia due to the inability of the ewe to maintain an adequate energy balance in late pregnancy. Common treatments for ewes affected


Electric energy is essential to increase productivity and ensure a high quality of life; therefore, the relationship between electric power and economic growth is crucial. However, the consequence of the current worldwide economic growth and electricity demand is the depletion of energy resources. An essential and effective way to prevent the depletion of resources and promote economic growth at the same time is the application of the concept of energy efficiency through energy management systems; this is being the basic principle of the Smart Grid. It can play a crucial role in the transition to a sustainable energy future in facilitating smooth integration of high shares of variable renewable energies. Electricity storage is extremely useful for adding flexibility to electric grids because it helps to deal with the variability and unpredictability of renewables. This paper discusses the potential of the energy storage technology to enhance the integration of renewable energy to the smart grid and to advance greater levels of energy efficiency addressing the difficulties


To describe objectively determined sedentary and activity outcomes (volume and pattern) and their associations with cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in individuals with and without mobility disability.


Life changes were rated for their arousing quality and pleasantness-unpleasantness. Number of life changes and arousing quality of life changes correlated .92 and both were positively related to a composite measure of physical, psychosomatic, and psychological symptoms, incidence of accidents, and alcohol use. Nonscreeners, i.e., more arousable persons, experienced more illnesses, as did females who are generally more arousable than males. More dominant persons had more accidents. Tests of interactions among the independent variables yielded significant effects for the composite measure of illness and for accidents but not for alcohol use. The combination of nonscreening, i.e., arousable temperament, and arousing life changes was particularly detrimental to health. Also, a pleasant temperament helped alleviate the detrimental effect of unpleasant life changes on health. The hypothesized adverse effect of unpleasant and arousing life changes was obtained for the accident rates of nonscreeners but not of screeners. Thus, the interactive contribution of displeasure with high arousal was significant only when extremely high arousal resulted from the combination of arousing conditions and an arousable temperament. Finally, an interaction of stimulus screening × trait dominance showed dominant nonscreeners to be more accident prone than submissive nonscreeners.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Aquablation, an autonomous tissue removal system for the treatment of BPO has proven efficacy in men with obstructive voiding, but without retention. The aim of this prospective data collection was to evaluate the outcome of Aquablation in men with recurrent urinary retention and indwelling catheter and men undergoing Aquablation due to BPO without retention. METHODS: This single-centre observation included all patients with previous retention (R+) undergoing Aquablation therapy and evaluated perioperative course, morbidity and symptom relief after three months. Outcome was compared to a consecutive cohort of patients without retention (R-) treated in the same time interval. RESULTS: 48 consecutive patients with and without retention have been. Age (69.6 (R+) vs. 69.5 (R-) yrs) was comparable between both groups. Prostate volume was significantly higher in the retention group (85.9 (R+) vs. 65.5 cc (R-). However, treatment time was comparable with a mean TRUS to Foley time of 21.7 (R+) vs. 21.4 min (R-) and a mean Aquablation time of 5.3 (R+) vs. 3.1 min (R-). Outcome data is displayed in Table 1. Postoperative catheter time was 2.4 (R+) vs. 2.3 d (R-). Cautery, due to delayed bleeding was needed in 3 (R+) vs. 2 (R-) patients and a higher rate of discharge with suprapubic tube occurred in the patients with preoperative retention (16.7 (R+) vs. 4.2% (R-)). CONCLUSIONS: Aquablation is safe and effective also in patients with recurrent retention and indwelling catheter. Table. No title available. Source of Funding: none


The discipline of groundwater engineering covers a lot of fields including groundwater exploration,groundwater drawing,groundwater monitoring,groundwater recharge,groundwater drainage/ Interception work,groundwater remediation engineering,Prevention measures of seawater intrusion,groundwater management and evaluation,groundwater engineering's bid invitation and tendering,design,construction and supervision.Compare with applied hydrogeology,the discipline of groundwater engineering has more wider research field,and more closer connection to other subjects.It is hoped that the discipline of groundwater engineering will not only become a new subject but also has the most widest research fields in all of the applied disciplines of hydrogeology in the near future.


Abstract : NADC has the responsibility for executing and sponsoring R&D projects to build on the Navy's Technology base for improved ASW systems. The objective of project NICRAD-85-NADC-008 is to provide information to support NADC's planning and management of future Sonobuoy development and acquisition programs. IPD tabulates Navy Requirements and conducts a computerized search, analysis, and evaluation of U.S. patented inventions which offer promise towards improving the design of future Sonobuoys. IPD contacts the owners of the selected inventions to determine the current status of the invention, and the owners' suggested path to its implementation in terms of Navy Requirements. Keywords: Sonobuoys, Requirements, Patents, Technology assessments, Computerized selection, Systems analyses, Design analysis, Planning, and Methodology.


Searching for the ways to process waste has become very topical today. Biotechnology is one of the most environments!ly attractive methods, which has the ability to solve the problem of waste utilization and to produce the valuable microbial products, for example biosurfactants. We concluded that fried sun8ower oi!, oi!-containing wastes(soapstock) and glycerol can be used for biosurfactant production by Rhodococcus erythropotis IMV Ac-5017, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 and Nocardia uaccinii K-8. Glucose addition (O.1%) into the medium with fried oil (2 vol.%) led to a 4-fold increase of anal surfactant concentration (6.8 g/I.). The simultaneous addition of fumarate and citrate I0.0t-0.2%} into the }MV B-7241 and K-8 strains' cultivating medium was accompanied by an increase of the exocellular biosurfactant quantity by 2-2.5-fold compared to the cultivation without organic acids. An increase in surfactant concentration of IMV B-7241 strain was the result of the simultaneous functioning of two anaplerotic pathways, also resulting in a 3-5-fold increase in activity of biosynthesis enzymes. Cultivating on a mixture of glycerol and n-hexadecane (O.S-1.0 vol.%) led to a I.S-3-fold increasing surfactant synthesis. Biosurfactant preparations of IMV B-724t <0.!S-.0.22 mg/mL} and iMV Ac-S017 {0.6t-2.Img/ml) strains were effective against fscherichia coli iEM-1(67% of cell lossy, and vegetative l45-100% of cel! lasso and spore(7S% of spore }oss} cells of Bad!!us subtilis BT-2.


Objective To investigate the contamination levels of Enterobacter sakazakii in infant foods in Guangdong province.Methods From 2010 to 2013,according to population distribution,characteristics of food production,economic development and regional distribution features of Guangdong province,infant food samples were collected from supermarkets,department stores,convenience stores,farmer's market,school-surrounding stores and on-line stores in 15 cities of Guangdong province by random sampling,and Enterobacter sakazakii was detected in these samples in line with national standard GB4789. 40-2010. Results A total of 1 140 infant food samples were collected from 2010 to 2013,and the prevalence of Enterobacter sakazakii was 3. 2%(36/1 140). While the prevalence of Enterobacter sakazakii in infant formula,older infants and young children formula,cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children were 0. 4%(1/226),0. 4%(1/268),5. 3%(34/646),respectively. Enterobacter sakazakii were detected in 2010,2012 and 2013,with the similar quarter detection rates. The highest prevalence of Enterobacter sakazakii was found in farm's market,while the lowest prevalence was found in supermarkets.The positive rate of Enterobacter sakazakii was higher in indigenous food products than that in those adventive ones. Conclusion The contamination level of Enterobacter sakazakii was relatively low in infant foods of Guangdong province. More attention should be paid to the cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children.


Eighteenth‐century readers received copious advice on how to improve their oral reading. Private lecturers and instructors, often called 'elocutionists', disparaged old‐fashioned methods of teaching. These older methods encouraged readers to use a sing‐song tone and chanting rhythm when they read. These qualities were useful in earlier periods because they aided memorisation and helped readers to project into large social spaces. In the eighteenth century, however, the well‐off had less need to memorise and were more likely to read aloud in domestic settings. The elocutionists therefore encouraged a 'natural' or 'conversational' style, and implied that by following their advice, readers would be able to acquire this. Yet at the same time, many eighteenth‐century authorities suggested that good oral reading required the innate quality of taste. As a result, learners experienced a tension between the suggestion that anyone could learn to read in the new style through instruction, and the suggestion that only those genteel readers with taste could be good oral readers.


Introduction In everyday social interaction, knowledge displays and negotiations are ubiquitous. At issue is whether we have epistemic access to some state of affairs, but also how certain we are about what we know, our relative authority and our differential rights and responsibilities with respect to this knowledge. Implicit in this conceptualization is that knowledge is dynamic, graded and multi-dimensional and that our deployment of and reliance on epistemic resources are normatively organized. As Drew puts it, there is a "conventional ascription of warrantable rights or entitlements over the possession and use of certain kinds of knowledge" (1991: 45). As in any normatively organized system, we can and do hold one another accountable for justifiably asserting our rights and fulfilling our obligations with respect to knowledge. It is in this way that we see the epistemic domain as morally ordered. This orientation to and monitoring of the moral order might seem completely different from the moral reasoning used in tasks requiring judgements of whether a given scenario (e.g., about sharing resources or unintentionally killing someone) is morally acceptable or not (e.g., Hauser 2006; Henrich et al . 2004). However, the micro-level moral order can be understood as cut from the same cloth as other forms of moral reasoning. And these micro-interactional moral calibrations have critical consequences for our social relations, most directly through our moment-by-moment alignments and affiliations with others.


The synthesized melamine polyphosphate(MPP)in combination with ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and pentaerythritol(PER)as intumescent flame-retardant(IFR)was used in LDPE to prepare flame retarded material.The scale of MPP,APP and PER in intumescent flame-retardant was 5/4/3.The effect of Al(OH)3 on flame retardant efficiency and combustion performance,thermostability,mechanical properties of materials were investigated.The results indicated that when the material comprising 18 wt% IFR and 4 wt% Al(OH)3,the flame retarded LDPE could pass V1 rating and had a LOI of 26%.At the same time,the materials possessed excellent mechanical properties and obviously improved the thermostability.


We present another novel short proof of Ramanujan's partition congruence p(5n + 4) ≡ 0 (mod 5) in addition to that given by John L. Drost [2], and go on to prove rather more. Ramanujan made the remarkable observation from a table of values of p(n), the number of partitions of n, that p(5n+4) is divisible by 5. He observed and conjectured much more, and his conjectures turned out in the main to be correct. He gave a simple proof, based on identities of Euler and Jacobi, of the above conjecture, and his proof is essentially the one reproduced in Hardy and Wright [3] and referred to by Drost. Ramanujan's proof relies on manipulating power series, and considering coefficients modulo 5. It is my intention to give a proof of a similar sort, using only the identity of Jacobi mentioned above, and which is more transparent than that of Ramanujan. And further, with a little extra work including the use of Jacobi's triple-product identity, we prove remarkable congruences for the partition function due to Atkin and Swinnerton-Dyer. As is usual, write (q)∞ = ∏ n≥1 (1 − q). Then


D ERMATITIS, caused by contact with approximately 460 plants and woods, has been reported in the medical literature. Of these plants, poison ivy, oak, and sumac are the most frequent offenders. Patients who have a dermatitis on exposed surfaces of the skin following possible exposure to shrubs or woods usually allude to one of these three plants as the specific cause of their skin eruption. Very few persons, however, are capable of recognizing these common plants and there is considerable confusion regarding the mode of contracting and treating these kinds of dermatitis. Many patients remark that they have poison ivy each year-brought on by merely walking near a plant. Others state that at one time they were quite sensitive to poison ivy but that they cured themselves and prevented repeated attacks by eating the leaves of the plant. Certainly there is a great deal of confusion regarding these skin conditions.


Sponsors and scholars engaged in applied technological R&D are increasingly challenged to demonstrate evidence that their project outputs are adopted by stakeholders outside of academia. Potential knowledge users in the Assistive Technology field include clinicians, consumers, manufacturers, policy makers and information brokers. This paper first summarizes prior work to create the LOKUS instrument, a web-based tool designed to survey the level of knowledge use by these stakeholders. It then explores the value of the instrument for measuring change in knowledge use over time.


A guide to the many special and focused collections of books, ebooks, and other resources available at the Roosevelt University Library


A wheelchair-mounted robotic arm (WMRA) system was designed and built to meet the needs of mobility-impaired persons with limitations of upper extremities, and to exceed the capabilities of current devices of this type. The control of this 9-DoF system expands on the conventional control methods and combines the 7-DoF robotic arm control with the 2-DoF power wheelchair control. The 3-degrees of redundancy are optimized to effectively perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and overcome singularities, joint limits and some workspace limitations. The control system is designed for teleoperated or autonomous coordinated Cartesian control, and it offers expandability for future research. Different user-interface devices, including a Brain Computer Interface (BCI) were integrated to the control of the WMRA system. Testing and data collection were performed on human subjects. Various optimized control methods and test results are presented in this paper.


1. A simple and time-sparing procedure for the paper chromatographic separation of porphyrin pigments has been described.2. 2–6 lutidine, which is completely miscible with water at temperatures up to 40o C, has been found to be easier to handle than the 2–4/2–5 lutidine used by Nicholas & Rimington (1949, 1951).3. In contrast to the findings of Nicholas & Rimington (1951), a system containing NH3 vapor is found to give better separation of the porphyrins.


Anion-exchange resins (AER) are used to differentiate As(V) and As(III) by retaining As(V) and allowing As(III) to pass through. AERs allow rapid speciation of As in the field which precludes the effects of sample preservation on As speciation. Aqueous environmental samples contain anions that may interfere with the speciation of As. This study compares the speciation of As by two commercially available AERs. A silica-based AER was selected for further study. As(V) and As(III) were passed through the AER in the presence of NO3 -, SO4 2-, HPO4 2-, Cl- and HCO3 - at pH 4, 6 and 8. Recoveries of As species in mixed systems range between 90 to 100%. Breakthrough curves for As(V) are presented which allow calculation of loading rates. HPO4 2- has the greatest effect on the speciation of As by AER.


While in traditional computing there are many cybersecurity flaws that have been solved, in IoT the computing model differs from regular computing, and can be changed based on the application. Due to this, some new flaws are introduced in IoT, and some old flaws need new solutions. While there have been investigations into individual flaws, sometimes proposed solutions can also create new flaws or a new attack vector for another attack. Therefore, it is important to consider the totality of an application in order to decide on what security measures need to be taken, and how they can be implemented in the design. In this paper, a few common IoT system styles including medical devices based on IoT, IoT devices in home networks, and wide area IoT networks are analyzed. This analysis uses a simple method to consider the vulnerabilities of each system individually and determine how to best respond to these weaknesses. The weaknesses analyzed include Distributed Denial of Service, public access, device identification, and variability of hardware.


[Objective] To observe the effects of Changyanqing, a Chinese prescription with the actions of regulating qi and activating blood, strengthening spleen-qi and clearing away heat, on ulcerative colitis (UC) and to explore its therapeutic mechanism . [ Methods ] Forty mice were randomized into Changyanqing group ( Group A ), salicylazosulfapyridine group (Group B), Changyanqing and salicylazosulfapyridine (Group C) and model group (Group D). Mouse models with UC were induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Effects of Changyanqing on disease activity index (DAI) and intestinal myeloperoxidase (MPO) content were observed. [Results] Changyanqing reduced DAI and MPO activity and its effect was similar to that of salicylazosulfapyridine. [ Conclusion ] Changyanqing exerts a better effect in treating DSS-induced UC and one of its therapeutic mechanisms may be related to the reduction of MPO activity.