text:
It snowed today.. that's about all I have to say about that.. oh, did I mention it was cloudy too?
Pretty dirty trick, going from +20C down to minus something in one day!
As I learned from my mother, there is only one thing to do when the day is a bomb..
make muffins and read a new book.
{ ok, I did do a little work in the middle there somewhere }
" The silence that had taken the place of Bonaventure's voice was the very same silence in which exists the Universe of Every Single Sound, a place that reverberates with perfect peace and mirthful bliss, but also with despair's deep moaning and the whispers of secrets. "
Don't you love it when a book grabs you right in the first chapter?
"Bonaventure Arrow didn't make a peep when he was born, and the doctor nearly took him for dead. But he was listening, placing sound inside quiet and gaining his bearings. By the time he turns five, he can hear flowers grow, a thousand shades of blue, and the miniature tempests that rage inside raindrops. He also hears the voice of his dead father, William Arrow, mysteriously murdered by a man known only as the Wanderer."
{ By the time I post this in the morning, I expect I will be up all night finishing this book. }
I had to call these Cherry Bombs, because the frozen Black Cherries took up most of the space in the muffin tins. This is my newest favorite muffin recipe.. mostly because of the massive Black Cherries, that just happened to be on hand.
{ Unlike any Spring Cherry Blossoms }
If you prefer to have a little muffin with your cherries, these are for you!
Crunchy Cherry Muffins
- 3 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 cup sugar
- 1 tablespoon baking powder
- 1/2 teaspoon baking soda
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 1 tablespoon cinnamon
- 1/4 tsp nutmeg
- 1 1/4 cups whole milk
- 2 extra large eggs, lightly beaten
- 1 cup unsalted butter, melted
- 2 1/4 cups dark sweet black cherries, frozen
- 1/4 cup raw sugar or Wilton Sprinkles White Sparkling Sugar
- Preheat oven to 375F.
- Spray muffin tins lightly with cooking spray or line with silpat muffin cups.
- In a large bowl, sift together the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, salt, cinnamon and nutmeg.
- In another mixing bowl, mix together the milk, eggs and melted butter.
- Make a deep well in the dry ingredients. Pour the wet mixture into the well and gently fold the ingredients until they are blended. Gently fold in the frozen cherries. Do not overblend.
- Scoop into muffin cups and if you want them to rise into high domes, fill to the top or above. The mixture is thick so you will be able to overfill. The cherries are large so they also "prop" up the batter. Sprinkle the raw or sprinkling sugar over the tops of unbaked muffins.
- Bake for 25-30 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean and the muffins have turned a golden brown. Let the muffins cool for about 5 minutes then remove to a wire rack to cool.


text:
Science & Engineering
Anatomy and Surgical Techniques, Ages 10-140 Available
This class is for students who wonder about being a physician or surgeon. In this class, students will investigate how the body works by participating in hands-on activities, such as dissections and construction of physiological system maps (skeletal, nervous, circulatory, immune). Students will conduct simulated surgeries, perform biopsies, and learn how to suture. Students will also learn about important medical/surgical breakthroughs and famous medical marvels throughout history. This class was developed by the New York Hall of Science.
Chemical Engineering – Polymers & Bioplastics, Ages 8-130 Available
When plastic items are thrown in the trash, they can quickly pile up in landfills and create a big mess! Students use their chemical engineering skills to explore problems created by traditional plastic materials and engineer bioplastics—plastics made from plant-based materials—as a potential solution to current plastic problems. Students will explore exciting new polymers that use environmentally friendly, biodegradable ingredients like corn, tapioca and even algae and their applications. Developed by Engineering is Elementary, Museum of Science Boston.
Civil Engineering – Bridges and Buildings, Ages 8-130 Available
When civil engineers design bridges and buildings, they must take into account factors like balance and motion. This unit introduces the principles behind "push" and "pull" as they explore how forces act on different structures. They'll use what they know about balance and force as they experiment with beam, arch, and suspension bridges. Students plan, build, and test their own bridges. Students will also learn how to support and protect buildings during earthquakes. Students will engineer model buildings that are earthquake resistant while exploring how earthquakes impact buildings of different heights and shapes. Developed by Engineering is Elementary, Museum of Science Boston.
Crazy Chemworks0 Available
Shake up a flask of fun in the lab and become a junior chemist! Learn to recognize chemical reactions and mix up a few reactive ingredients for some sensational results. Check out the colors of chemistry with the power of pH paper and create a stopper-popping reaction. Probe the properties of light and discover some unusual applications of glow-in-the-dark technology. Students have a blast as they make some crazy concoctions. Take home projects include a reaction tube kit, atomic coins, slippery slime, Professor Beakerdude and more!
Detective/Spy Lab, Ages 7-100 Available
Step into the shoes of a detective — uncover the science involved in evidence gathering and analysis. Student will use the powers of observations and investigative gear to find, collect and analyze evidence. Students also become a super-spy. They build binoculars; discover what it takes to keep things safe and how technology works in the spy game! They will take turns on short surveillance shifts to test their observation abilities and create their very own Secret Safe while challenging others to crack the code! This course is offered in partnership with Mad Science.
Electrical Engineering with Makey-Makey, Ages 8-130 Available
Students will obtain an introduction in electrical engineering by tinkering with Makey Makey, a circuit board kit that can be used to connect objects with a computer, transforming those objects into computer keys or mouse clicks. Students can invent new devices, instruments and controllers with objects that conduct electricity. For instance, bananas turn into piano keys. Students learn about the fundamentals of circuits and how computers work while boosting their creativity.
Engineering and Programming with Arduino, Ages 10-140 Available
Do you ever wonder how gadgets work? Students will be engineering and programming their own electronic circuits, motors, sensors and controllers to do a range of tasks using the Arduino™ electronics platform. They will use the engineering design process (i.e. create, test, improve) to break down a problem, design a solution and build it! There is an additional $75 fee for the Arduino™ kit, which students will take home at the end of the week. Please note this is a full-day class. Students must take the AM and PM session of the same week.
Engineering of Ice Cream, Ages 8-130 Available
Students are introduced the engineering design process to solve a team-based challenges. Ever wonder how ice cream gets to be so creamy and delicious? They will explore the process of making ice cream, developing new ice cream flavors and improving the packaging for ice cream, all from an engineer's perspective towards problem-solving. This class was developed by The Museum of Science in Boston.
Eureka! The Inventors' Camp0 Available
Children will overcome a series of challenges using basic materials, simple machines, tips from famous inventors and – most important of all – their mind. With a little bit of ingenuity children will create catapults and forts, construct working light sticks to take home and assemble a set of circuits with batteries and light bulbs. While Thomas Edison said "invention is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration", this class is 100% FUN!
Note: This is a limited release class – only offered in Summit and Livingston at this time.
Let's Get Growing, Ages 5-70 Available
In this fun hands-on week, children will discover how, why, and where things grow, how weather affects our gardens and the basic science of seeds. Student will discover the difference between fruits and vegetables. They will also get acquainted with the many "creepy crawly" inhabitants of the garden & how those insects help make gardens so beautiful!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Were you recently involved in a motorcycle accident? If so, you may want to consider hiring an attorney. Whether you were at fault or are simply seeking damages from another driver, the right lawyer can help you achieve the most positive possible outcome.
Finding the right lawyer isn't always easy, especially if you don't have much experience with hiring attorneys. Follow these tips if you want to find the best lawyer for the job.
Talk To Your Inner Circle
Reach out to your friends, family members, and colleagues. Ask them to tell you about the lawyers that they have worked with in the past. See if they can recommend an attorney to you.
It's okay if none of these people have worked with the kind of attorney you need. Lawyers are often able to provide people with referrals. For example, if your sister knows an excellent divorce lawyer, that attorney could suggest someone that could handle your motorcycle accident case.
Spend Some Time On The Web
If you aren't able to get a referral, spend some time looking for a lawyer online. You can find out plenty of information about lawyers if you browse the internet.
Start to assemble a short list of lawyers you might want to work with. Once you've put a list together, take a closer look at some of these lawyers. Do they have enough experience? Did they attend a respected law school? What kind of track record do they have? Make sure that are qualified to handle your case.
Porter Nordby Howe LLP can really help you in this situation. Get in touch with them for all your compensation claims and personal injury accident cases.
Set Up Consultations
Before you agree to work with a lawyer, you will want to set up a consultation. During this consultation, you can get to know the lawyer and talk to them about your case. Once everything is over, you can decide whether or not the two of you would like to work together in the future.
You won't have to pay for a consultation; these brief meetings are completely free. Your primary goal should be to find someone that will be able to help you achieve the kind of outcome you are looking for.
Prepare some questions that you will ask attorneys during these consultation meetings. See if they have handled cases similar to yours in the past. Ask what they think the likely outcome of your case might be. Find out how available the lawyer will be to you.
Get as much as you can out of these consultation meetings. The meetings may be short, but you can learn a lot from them.
Decide Who You Want To Hire
Once you've finished your consultations and evaluated all of the information you've gathered, you'll be able to hire a lawyer and move on to the next step of your case. However, you should know that this process is more complex than it might initially seem.
When you hire a lawyer, you will have to set up a plan for payment. Lawyers generally charge a high hourly rate, and in most cases, they will periodically bill you for the hours they have been working.
However, if you are seeking some kind of settlement, your lawyer may not require any kind of funds upfront. Instead, they may agree to work in exchange for a portion of your settlement. Find out whether or not this might be an option for you.
If you've been in a motorcycle accident, you'll need to find an attorney that can give you the help you need. Work to find a talented attorney that has a lot of experience. With the right attorney at your side, you'll be able to accomplish a great deal.


text:
March 31, 2017
The New Basket Brindisi announces that it has reached an agreement until the end of the 2016/17 season with the pivot Samardo Anthony Samuels, born January 9, 1989 in Trelawny in Jamaica.
The 6′ 9″ center, played last season in China in the Jiangsu Dragons wearing during his glorious career vests Olympia Milano and Barcelona in Europe and the Cleveland Cavaliers in the NBA.
In the experience in the East he has racked up 22 appearances at an average playing time of 29.3 minutes and 20.2 points and 7.5 rebounds. Samuels' last season they won the Spanish Super Cup with the Blaugrana, stopping just short of the Euroleague Final Four in 2016.
Two seasons in Olympia for him, the first ended with the conquest of the shield and the second sealed by career-high 36 points a...Read More


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 28, 2008
|Filing date
|Mar 8, 2004
|Priority date
|Jul 30, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Eric Horvitz
|Original Assignee
|Microsoft Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (88), Non-Patent Citations (52), Referenced by (41), Classifications (17), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 09/365,293, filed on Jul. 30, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,714,967 entitled "Integration of a Computer-Based Message Priority System With Mobile Electronic Devices", which is related to the cofiled, copending and coassigned applications entitled "Method for Automatically Assigning Priorities to Documents and Messages", filed on Jul. 30, 1999 and assigned Ser. No. 09/364,527, "Methods for Routing Documents based on a Measure of Criticality", filed on Jul. 30, 1999 and assigned Ser. No. 09/364,528, "Methods for Display, Notification, and Interaction with Prioritized Messages", filed on Jul. 30, 1999, and assigned Ser. No. 09/364,522, and "A Computational Architecture for Managing the Transmittal and Rendering of Information, Alerts, and Notifications", filed on Jul. 30, 1999 and assigned Ser. No. 09/365,287. The entirety of which are incorporated herein by reference.
This invention relates generally to prioritized text such as prioritized email messages, and more particularly to electronic device alerting for such prioritized text.
Electronic mail programs have become a popular application among computer users. Especially with the advent of the Internet, exchanging email has almost become a reason why people purchase computers for personal reasons, and within many corporate environments, email has become the standard manner by which coworkers exchange information. However, with the increasing popularity of email, shortcomings have become apparent.
Chief among these shortcomings is that many users now face a deluge of email every day, such that the capability of being able to send and receive email has almost become a hindrance to their day-to-day ability to get their job done, as opposed to being an asset. Some users report receiving over 100 email messages a day. With such large numbers of email, it is difficult to manage the email, such that the users read the most important messages first.
Limited solutions to this problem have been attempted in the prior art. Prior art exists for attempting to curtail the amount of junk email—e.g., unsolicited email, typically regarding a service or product for sale—that users receive. Moreover, some electronic mail programs allow for the generation of rules that govern how an email is managed within the program—for example, placing all emails from certain coworkers in a special folder.
These limited solutions, however, do not strike at the basic problem behind email—that with so much email being received, it would be most useful for a user to be able to have his or her computer automatically prioritize the email by importance or review urgency, and perform actions based on that prioritization. For these and other reasons, there is a need for the present invention.
The invention relates to electronic device alerting for prioritized text. In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method first receives a text. The method generates a priority of the text, based on a text classifier such as a Bayesian classifier or a support-vector machine classifier. The method then alerts a user on an electronic device, such as a pager or a cellular phone, based on an alert criteria.
Embodiments of the invention provide for advantages over the prior art. A user, for example, in one embodiment, may ask that he or she only be disturbed if the priority of the text is greater than a given threshold. Thus, even if the user receives over 100 different email, he or she will be alerted to the most important email, and then will be able to deal with the other email when the user has time. Prioritization, in other words, makes email much more useful in environments where a lot of email is exchanged on a regular basis.
Embodiments of the invention include. computer-implemented methods, computer-readable media, and computerized systems of varying embodiments. Still other embodiments, advantages and aspects of the invention will become apparent by reading the following detailed description, and by reference to the drawings.
In the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that logical, mechanical, electrical and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims.
Some portions of the detailed descriptions which follow are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the means used by those skilled in the data processing arts to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated.
It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like. It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the following discussions, it is appreciated that throughout the present invention, discussions utilizing terms such as processing or computing or calculating or determining or displaying or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates, and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices. (It is noted that the terms document and text are used interchangeably herein and should be construed as interchangeable as well.)
Operating Environment
Referring to
Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced with other computer system configurations, including hand-held devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PC's, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
The exemplary hardware and operating environment of
The system bus 23 may be any of several types of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. The system memory may also be referred to as simply the memory, and includes read only memory (ROM) 24 and random access memory (RAM) 25. A basic input/output system (BIOS) 26, containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer 20, such as during start-up, is stored in ROM 24. The computer 20 further includes a hard disk drive 27 for reading from and writing to a hard disk, not shown, a magnetic disk drive 28 for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk 29, and an optical disk drive 30 for reading from or writing to a removable optical disk 31 such as a CD ROM or other optical media.
The hard disk drive 27, magnetic disk drive 28, and optical disk drive 30 are connected to the system bus 23 by a hard disk drive interface 32, a magnetic disk drive interface 33, and an optical disk drive interface 34, respectively. The drives and their associated computer-readable media provide nonvolatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the computer 20. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any type of computer-readable media which can store data that is accessible by a computer, such as magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, digital video disks, Bernoulli cartridges, random access memories (RAMs), read only memories (ROMs), and the like, may be used in the exemplary operating environment.
A number of program modules may be stored on the hard disk, magnetic disk 29, optical disk 31, ROM 24, or RAM 25, including an operating system 35, one or more application programs 36, other program modules 37, and program data 38. A user may enter commands and information into the personal computer 20 through input devices such as a keyboard 40 and pointing device 42. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 21 through a serial port interface 46 that is coupled to the system bus, but may be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, game port, or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 47 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 23 via an interface, such as a video adapter 48. In addition to the monitor, computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers and printers.
The computer 20 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer 49. These logical connections are achieved by a communication device coupled to or a part of the computer 20; the invention is not limited to a particular type of communications device. The remote computer 49 may be another computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a client, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above relative to the computer 20, although only a memory storage device 50 has been illustrated in
When used in a LAN-networking environment, the computer 20 is connected to the local network 51 through a network interface or adapter 53, which is one type of communications device. When used in a WAN-networking environment, the computer 20 typically includes a modem 54, a type of communications device, or any other type of communications device for establishing communications over the wide area network 52, such as the Internal. The modem 54, which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 23 via the serial port interface 46. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the personal computer 20, or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. It is appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of and communications devices for establishing a communications link between the computers may be used.
Generating a Priority for a Text
In this section of the detailed description, the generation of a priority for a text such as an email, according to one embodiment of the invention, is described. The generation of priorities for texts as described can then be used in methods, systems, and computer-readable media (as well as other embodiments) of the invention as are presented in other sections of the detailed description. The description in this section is provided in conjunction with
Referring first to
The text classifier 200 in one embodiment is a Bayesian classifier, as known within the art, while in another embodiment it is a support vector machine (SVM) classifier, as also known within the art. Text classification methodology based on a Bayesian learning approach is specifically described in the reference M. Sahami, S. Dumais, D. Heckerman, E. Horvitz, A Bayesian Approach to Junk E-Mail Filtering, AAAI Workshop on Text Classification, July 1998, Madison, Wis., AAAI Technical Report WS-98-05, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Text classification methodology based on an SVM approach is specifically described in the following references: the coassigned patent, U.S. Pat. No. 5,864,848, issued Jan. 26, 1999, which is hereby incorporated by reference; the previously filed and coassigned case entitled "Methods and Apparatus for Building a Support Vector Machine Classifier," Ser. No. 09/055,477, filed on Apr. 6, 1998, which is also hereby incorporated by reference; and, the reference J. Platt, Fast Training of Support Vector Machines using Sequential Minimal Optimization, MIT Press, Baltimore, Md., 1998, which is also hereby incorporated by reference. For purposes of this application, specific description is made with reference to an SVM classifier, although those of ordinary skill within the art can appreciate that the invention is not so limited.
As shown in
In the explicit training, the text classifier is presented with both time-critical and non-time-critical texts (e.g., email messages), so that it may be able to discriminate between the two. This training set may be provided by the user, or a standard training set may be used. Given a training corpus, the text classifier first applies feature-selection procedures that attempt to find the most discriminatory features. This process employs a mutual-information analysis. Feature selection can operate on single words or higher-level distinctions made available, such as phrases and parts of speech tagged with natural language processing—that is, the text classifier 200 is able to be seeded with specially tagged text to discriminate features of a text that are considered important.
Feature selection for text classification typically performs a search over single words. Beyond the reliance on single words, domain-specific phrases and high-level patterns of features are also made available. Special tokens can also enhance classification. The quality of the learned classifiers for email criticality can be enhanced by inputting to the feature selection procedures handcrafted features that are identified as being useful for distinguishing among email of different time criticality. Thus, during feature selection, single words as well as special phrases and symbols that are useful for discriminating among messages of different levels of time criticality are considered.
Tokens and patterns of value in identifying the criticality of messages include such distinctions as (including Boolean combinations thereof):
To: Field
Names on pre-determined list of important people
These include descriptions about events that have already occurred such as:
Dates indicated from text and msg. time (e.g., tomorrow, send yesterday)
Number of bytes in component of new message
Signs of Commercial and Adult-Content Junk Email
Furthermore, still referring to
Referring next to
It is noted that as has been described, the text classifier and the priority generated thereby is based on a scheme where each email in the training phase is construed as either high priority or low priority, such that the priority generated by the text classifier is a measure of the likelihood of the text being analyzed is of high priority. This scheme is specifically shown by reference to
For example, referring to
The invention is not limited to the definition of priority as this term is used by the text classifier to assign such priority to a text such as an email message. In one embodiment, however, priority is defined in terms of a loss function. More specifically, priority is defined in terms of the expected cost in lost opportunities per time delayed in reviewing the text after it has been received—that is, the expected loss or cost that will result for delayed processing of the text. This loss function can further vary according to the type of text received.
For example, the general case is shown in
Some messages, however, do not have their priorities well approximated by the use of a linear cost function. For example, a message relating to a meeting will have its cost function increase as the time of the meeting nears, and thereafter, the cost function rapidly decreases—since after the meeting is missed, there is not much generally a user can do about it. This situation is better approximated by a non-linear cost function, as shown in
Thus, as has been described, the priority of a text can be just the likelihood that it is of high priority based on output of a text classifier, or the most likely priority class (i.e., medium, low or high priority) it falls into, also based on the output of the text classifier. However, in another embodiment of the invention, an expected time criticality of each text, such as an email message, is determined. This can be written as
where EL is the expected loss, p(criticali) is the probability that a text has the criticality i (e.g., where i=0 may be low priority and i=1 may be high priority, or where i=0 may be low priority, i=1 medium priority and i=2 high priority, etc.), C(criticali) is the cost function for text having the criticality i, and n is the total number of criticality classes minus one. The cost functions may be linear or non-linear, as has been described—in the case where the function are linear, the cost function is thus the rate of loss.
In the case where n=1, specifying that there are only two priority classes low and high, the expected loss can be reformulated as
where EC is the expected criticality of a text. Furthermore, if the cost function of low criticality messages is set to zero, this becomes
The total loss until the time of review of a text can be expressed as the integration of the expressed criticality, or,
EL=∫ 0 t p(criticalhigh)C(criticalhigh)
where t is the time of review.
Determining When to Alert the User
In this section of the detailed description, described is provided as to determining when to alert the user of a high-priority text, for example, a text that has a likelihood of being high priority greater than a user-set threshold, or greater than a threshold determined by decision theoretic reasoning. That is, beyond knowing about time critical messages, it is also important in one embodiment to decide when to alert a user to time-critical messages if the user is not directly viewing incoming email (in one embodiment). In the general case, a cost of distracting the user from the current task being addressed to learn about the time-critical message is determined.
In general, a user should be alerted when a cost-benefit analysis suggests that the expected loss the user would incur in not reviewing the message at time t is greater than the expected cost of alerting the user. That is, alerting should be conducted if
where EL is the expected loss of non-review of the text at a current time t, and EC is the expected cost of alerting the user of the text at the current time t. The expected loss is as described in the previous section of the detailed description.
However, this formulation is not entirely accurate, because the user is assumed to review the message on his or her own at some point in the future anyway. Therefore, in actuality, the user should be alerted when the expected value of alerting, referred to as ECA, is positive. The expected value of alerting should thus consider the value of alerting the user of the text now, as opposed to the value of the user reviewing the message later on his or her own, without alert, minus the cost of alerting. This can be stated as
EVA=EL alert −EL no-alert −EC
where ELalert is the expected loss of the user reviewing the message if he or she were to review the message now, upon being alerted, as opposed to ELno-alert, which is the expected loss of the user reviewing the message on his or her own at some point, without being alerted, minus EC, the expected cost of alerting (now).
Furthermore, in one specific embodiment of the invention, information from several messages are grouped together into a single compound alert. Reviewing information about multiple messages in an alert can be more costly than an alert relaying information about a single messages. Such increases in distraction can be represented by making the cost of an alert a function of its informational complexity. It is assumed that the EVA of an email message is independent of the EVA of the other email messages. EVA(Mi,t) is used to refer to the value of alerting a user about a single message Mi at time t and ECA(n) is used to refer to the expected cost of relaying the content of n messages. Thus, multiple messages can be considered by summing together the expected value of relaying information about a set of n messages,
In one embodiment of the invention, it is noted that determining when to alert the user is conducted in accordance with the more rigorous treatment of EVA described in the copending, cofiled and coassigned application entitled "A Computational Architecture for Managing the Transmittal and Rendering of Information, Alerts, and Notifications", which is hereby incorporated by reference. However, the invention is not so limited.
It is also noted that in order to determine the expect cost of alerting, it is useful to infer or directly access information about whether the user is present—and therefore can see or hear alerts from the computer—or is not present. Sensors can be used in one embodiment that indicate when a user is in the office, such as infrared sensors, pressure sensors (on the chair), etc. However, if such devices are not available, a probability that a user is in the office can be assigned as a function of user activity on the computer, such as the time since last observed mouse or keyboard activity. Furthermore, scheduling information available in a calendar can also be made use of to make inferences about the distance and disposition of a user, to consider the costs of forwarding messages to the user by different means (e.g., cell phone, pager, etc.).
It is also important to know how busy the user is in making decisions about interrupting the user with information about messages with high time criticality. In one embodiment, it is reasoned about whether and the rate at which a user is working on a computer, or whether the user is on the telephone, speaking with someone, or at a meeting at another location. In one embodiment, several classes of evidence can be used to asses a user's activity or his or her focus of attention, as shown in
In general, a decision should be made as to when and how to alert users to messages and to provide services (for example) based on the inference of expected criticality and user activity. In one embodiment, this decision is made as described in the cofiled, copending and coassigned application entitled "A Computational Architecture for Managing the Transmittal and Rendering of Information, Alerts, and Notifications", which has already been incorporated by reference (specifically, with respect to the attention management module).
In another embodiment, this decision is made by utilizing decision models, as known within the art.
In still another embodiment, the decision as to when and how to alerts users is made by employment of a set of user-specified thresholds and parameters defining policies on alerting. In this embodiment, user presence can be inferred based on mouse or keyboard activity. Thus, a user can be allowed to input distinct thresholds on alerting for inferred states of activity and nonactivity. Users can input an amount of idle activity following activity where alerting will occur at lower criticalities. In this embodiment, if it is determined that the user is not available based on the time that no computer activity is seen—or on the user's inactivity when an attempt to alert is made—then messages and stored, and are reported to the user in order of criticality when the user returns to interact with the computer (or, returns to the room, given the availability of inputs from infrared or other presence detection).
Furthermore, in this embodiment, users can specify routing and paging options (as well as other output options) as a function of quantities including expected criticality, maximum expected loss, and value of alerting the user. Such routing, paging and other output options are more specifically described in the copending, cofiled, and coassigned applications entitled "Methods for Routing Documents based on a Measure of Criticality", "Methods for Display, Notification, and Interaction with Prioritized Messages", which are all hereby incorporated by reference. The invention is not so limited, however.
Method and System
In this section of the detailed description, a computer-implemented method according to an embodiment of the invention is described, and a computerized system according to an embodiment of the invention is described. With respect to the method, the method is desirably realized at least in part as one or more programs running on a computer—that is, as a program executed from a computer-readable medium such as a memory by a processor of a computer. The program is desirably storable on a machine-readable medium such as a floppy disk or a CD-ROM, for distribution and installation and execution on another computer.
Referring to
The priority of the text is then output in 904. In one embodiment, as indicated in
In one embodiment, the output of the alert is performed as is now described. A user is alerted on an electronic device based on an alert criteria, which indicates when the user should be alerted of a prioritized text. Alert criteria that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention is not limited by the invention; however, in one embodiment, the alert criteria is as described in a further section of the detailed description. The electronic device on which the user is alerted can in one embodiment be a pager or a cellular telephone; however, the invention is not so limited.
In one embodiment, the method alerts a user on an electronic device, such as a pager or a cellular phone, based on an alert criteria that can be made sensitive to information about the location, inferred task, and focus of attention of the user. Such information can be inferred under uncertainty or can be accessed directly from online information sources. One embodiment makes use of information from an online calendar to control the criteria used to make decisions about relaying information to a mobile device.
Referring next to
The program 950 generates a text for input into the text classifier 952. In one embodiment, the program includes an electronic mail program that receives email, which then serve as the text. The text classifier 952, based on the text, generates a priority thereof, as has been described. In one embodiment, the text classifier 952 is a Bayesian text classifier, while in another embodiment, it is a Support Vector Machine classifier. The priority of the text output by the text classifier 952 can then be used in further conjunction with a cost-benefit analysis, as has been described, to effectuate further output and/or alerting based thereon, as has been described. The invention is not so limited, however.
Referring next to
As shown in
Alert Criteria
In this section of the detailed description, an alert criteria according to one embodiment of the invention is described. The alert criteria is the criteria that governs when and how a user is alerted to a prioritized text. The alert criteria is described with reference to
Referring now to
It is noted that the alert criteria of
In the option 982, the user is able to specify that the electronic device should be contacted if a new email is received that has priority greater than a predetermined threshold, and the user has been away from the computer for more than a predetermined amount of time. As shown in
In the option 984, the user is able to specify that the electronic device should be contacted only when the current time is within a predetermined range of times. As shown in
In the option 986, the user is able to specific that if the user is in a meeting—for example, as determined by examining a schedule of the user—then the user should only be notified if the priority is greater than a predetermined meeting threshold. In general, this meeting threshold is desirably greater than the threshold specified in the option 982—the purpose of this greater threshold is to indicate that the user is receptive to notification of email messages greater than a particular priority in usual circumstances, but that the user is receptive to notification of email messages during meetings only if they have a priority that is unusually great. As shown in
Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any arrangement which is calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the present invention. Therefore, it is manifestly intended that this invention be limited only by the following claims and equivalents thereof.
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|Ford Global Technologies, Llc
|Methods and system for selectively charging a vehicle
|Oct 21, 2010
|Sep 15, 2011
|Ford Global Technologies, Llc
|Method and system for monitoring an energy storage system for a vehicle for trip planning
|U.S. Classification
|709/207, 370/260, 709/206
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 11, 2012
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 9, 2014
Owner name: MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING, LLC, WASHINGTON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MICROSOFT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:034541/0477
Effective date: 20141014
|Apr 13, 2016
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text: Shining on Little League's Biggest Stage As a volunteer softball umpire, Nancy Garza, emergency department nurse manager at Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Taylor, has heard a few choice words from parents who don't like her calls. "I just keep focused on what's inside the fence – something I learned to do in my job, where you have to be calm, see the big picture and not get distracted by little problems." she says. And on the field, it's all about the kids. She uses her platform to teach them values they can use for the rest of their lives. "I demonstrate that it's important to follow the rules. Plus, I try to show them that what they learn on the field – leadership, being part of a team and hard work – pays off." 26 Nancy's volunteer work began in 2003 as a coach, but over time she noticed the local league struggled to find qualified umpires. "Often, we had to pull parents with minimal knowledge from the stands to call the games. I was determined to change my role and teach children to play fair," Nancy says. She umpires an average of four nights a week and has to know the rules for all four youth divisions. This knowledge, dedication and professional approach led to her being recommended for a top honor: umpiring at the Little League World Series in Sussex, Delaware. "It was special to be a part of," Nancy says. "Plus, I got to meet kids and umpires from different countries." 26


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We hope your quarter is off to a great start! Your Fall First Year Advising appointment is designed to allow your advisor to get to know you, answer your questions, and make sure you are ready for Winter Quarter Registration. You should plan for a 30 minute appointment with your assigned advisor.
Check your email for the name of your assigned advisor and instructions on how to make your appointment. It is very important that you follow the instructions and meet only with your assigned advisor.
October 16 to November 20.
Review the Winter Time Schedule to have an idea of what courses you might want to take. Download, print and complete the 'Schedule Planner'. If you don't know what classes to choose, no worries, we will work with you during your appointment.
No, unfortunately Quick Questions are for 10 minute appointments only. Your appointment will take 30 minutes.
You will not be able to register on your registration date and a hold will remain on your record until you meet with your advisor.
Remember don't wait until the last minute. If you have any questions or concerns, please call First Year and Pre-Major Program (FYPP) Office at email@example.com or 425-352-3427.
In their first year post-graduation, UW Bothell graduates earn more than their peers from other WA state public universities.
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Elvira Quintillá (1928–2013)
Elvira Quintillá was born on September 19, 1928 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain as Elvira Quintillá Ramos. She was an actress, known for Escuela de maridos (1963), Plácido (1961) and Welcome Mr. Marshall! (1953). She was married to José María Rodero. She died on December 27, 2013 in Madrid, Spain. See full bio »
Born:in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Died:(age 85) in Madrid, Spain


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Find all of your special occasion menu items here. Looking for a caterer for a family party, wedding, birthday or corporate event? Need a dozen beautiful cupcakes to wow your guests? Need that special birthday or wedding cake to make the day extra special? Look below for local businesses who offer you the extra ordinary! Cakes Caterers Williamsburg
Cakes Caterers Williamsburg


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Taking Initiative to Plan Meetings
In your mentoring relationship, try to take initiative by contacting your mentor or mentee first to plan a meeting. Once your meeting time is set, don't change it unless an emergency arises. This shows that you respect the relationship, and that you value your mentor's/mentee's time and presence.
Maintaining Dignity, Respect, Professionalism and Ethical Treatment in a Mentoring Relationship
"Maintain high standards of ethics and professionalism: Mentors and mentees must strive to uphold appropriate ethical behavior as professionals."
Best practices for ethics and professionalism in a mentoring realtionship:
- Promote mutual respect and trust
- Maintain confidentiality
- Be diligent in providing knowledge, wisdom, and developmental support
- Carefully frame advice and feedback so it is well-received and constructive
From Amy Greil's "A Story of Mentoring" found online at http://www.kenoshanews.com/news/amy_greil_a_story_of_mentoring_493097750.php


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OBeyond the shadow of violence and perpetration
The story of African Americans' long struggle to both attain their individual rights and exercise their collective citizenship is well documented in the North. By the late 19th century, black Americans, intent upon improving the educational status of their race, organized schools, social groups, and literary associations--many of which were the antecedents of the avocation of abolitionist groups, whom after petitioning and organizing emigration back to Africa movements, sanctioned the full participation of blacks in the US, beyond the philosophical fissures of racial discrimination--celebrated every possible reversal in their status, decades before the onset of the Civil War and issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation (in the case of New York State).
Why the 5th of July? The 5th of July is significant because it offers an alternate and compelling exercise of a willful demonstration of safety and security by African Americans, while in observation of the celebration of citizenship.
By extension, in the failed acknowledgment of slavery's abolition nationally, and on the 5th of July, Weeksville's Resource Center for Self-Determination & Freedom provides complementing evidence, via digital scholarship (and one monograph), of why this celebration was established and is remembered, today:
(Updated 7/11/2015; 9/3/2015)
Porter, Dorothy. Negro Protest Pamphlets. New York: Arno Pr. & The New York Times, 1969. Print.
In it is an address delivered on the celebration of the abolition of slavery, July 5, 1827, by Nathaniel Paul, Pastor of The First Baptist Society in the City of Albany; under the leadership of Gov. Daniel D. Tompkins and Lt. Gov. John Tayler, the address also lists the names of the Senators and Members of the Assembly who voted for the Law in 1817.
Web Resources
Mirrer, Louise, James O. Horton, and Richard Rabinowitz. "Happy Fifth of July, New York!" The New York Times. The New York Times, 3 July 2005. Web. 4 July 2015.
Curators of New York Historical Society's exhibition, Slavery in New York, explore the idea of how, through a gathering of a Ladies' Antislavery Society (to say the least), Frederick Douglass imagined a unified celebration, one that would be made available to all Americans.
Katz, William. "Why Blacks Used to Celebrate July 5th." History News Network. George Mason University, 3 July 2004. Web. 4 July 2015.
A long-time friend of Weeksville, William Loren Katz centers the July 5th holiday to New York, a state not often identified to have played a role in propagation of slavery.
Nazaryan, Alexander. "New York City Really Rather Not Talk About Its Slavery-Loving Past." Newsweek. Newsweek, 15 April 2015. Web. 4 July 2015.
Diouf, Sylviane. "New York City's Slave Market." New York Public Library. New York Public Library, 29 June 2015.Web. 4 July 2015.
For even further evidence of New York City's role in the market of the enslaved, including a recent markation in Lower Manhattan. Nazaryan doesn't exactly hit the mark on Weeksville's role in the story of abolition in New York (or the demographic of our visitorship); Sylviane Diouf, of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture - crafts a compelling landscape of this historic narrative.
Tomek, Beverly C., Donna T. Haverty-Stacke, and Gerard N. Magliocca. "The Meaning of July 4th." From the Square. New York University, 3 July 2013. Web. 4 July 2015.
Additional cultural conventions of the July 4th holiday that also reject portions of the holiday's proscriptions.
For a digital map of the abolition slavery, please consult this dynamic project, host in part by the University of Richmond's Digital Scholarship Laboratory. Map options include: 'emancipation events, emancipation events heat-map, union army locations, and the legality of slavery overlay.': http://dsl.richmond.edu/emancipation/
Find more information on Rev. Nathaniel Paul and his 5th of July address, here: http://www.blackpast.org/aah/paul-nathaniel-1793-1839; http://www.blackpast.org/1827-rev-nathaniel-paul-hails-end-slavery-new-york
For more information on the Abolition of Slavery, and to read orations on the topic of domestic abolition, visit the Schomburg's portal (link below). Please note the Schomburg's reference to Mr. William Hamilton, the first President of the New York African Marine Society, who delivered a 4th of July commemoration to youth in 1827 at the African Zion Church in New York, here: http://abolition.nypl.org/essays/celebrations/7/; more on Hamilton available in Dorothy Porter's Early Black Writing, 1760-1837 and Carla L. Peterson's Black Gotham: A Family History of African Americans in Nineteenth-Century New York City.
And finally, listen to Danny Glover read Frederick Douglass's "4th of July Speech,1852," delivered in Los Angeles, California on October 5, 2005.
Or read the original speech here: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4h2927t.html
Compiled by: Megan Goins Diouf, Manager & Reference Archivist
With special thanks to LaShaya Howie for her editorial support.
Photo: Emancipation Day, Richmond, Va. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C.


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Hercules Sailing has partnered with a small group of companies that we would like to recommend to our clients and visitors, below you find logos and links to each of them.
If you wish to be included on our recommended links page then please contact us.
Safe Skipper Boating & Safety Afloat Apps


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Be the first MLive.com user to add photos or videos of Okemos Barber Shop
I am so pleased with the haircut I got from Chris (younger guy with the corner chair). His skill and attention to detail were very impressive. It's been way too long since I've had a barber who...
Great old-style barber shop. My son goes here and he's always lookin' good. Not expensive, no appointments necessary, great cuts, friendly people... what more could you want!
Since 1961 the company has been providing Barber Shops.
Lanza, L'ANZA


text: Barragan's Mexican Restaurant may be outside of your area. Please enter your delivery address to check availability Do you need any... Napkins & Utensils Continue to checkout Barragan's Mexican Restaurant Back to menu Your order refresh Barragan's Mexican Restaurant Your bag is empty Edit Delivery address Please enter delivery address Edit Delivery time N/A* Add someone to this order Bean Tostada a la Carte Add Guacamole $1.00. Add Guacamole?You may select one of the choices Add Guacamole + $1.00 Add instructions? Special instructions Label for x $8.50 or Cancel


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Day 01: Arrival Yuksom
Arrival at Yuksom (5840 Ft / 1780 Mts), the historical capital of Sikkim. The drive takes you through quaint villages steep valleys and green hills. Yuksom is rich in history and tradition, as it was here that the first Chogyal of Sikkim was consecrated by the three Lamas. Overnight at Hotel.
Day 02: Yuksom - Tsoka
Following an early morning start, you trek for three hours through lush green meadows and cross four mountain streams. Henceforth, the trek is a continuous up hill path lined with conifers and is virtually carpeted with a bed of leaves to leach Bakhim (9000 Ft / 2744 Mts), - a hill village. Tsoka (10000 Ft / 3049 Mts, 17Kms / 7 Hrs), is a slightly larger settlement with a few houses, a monastery and is the last village on the route. You spend the night at Tsoka. Overnight at Trekkers Hut / Tent.


text: Try this.... Keep your choke on about 1/3. Thats it! It really seems to help me. I can now engage at just above idle and NO stalling. Cant try it with my SCAG WB, as it doesn't have a seperate choke control. So you guys without a seperate choke control are out of luck here. Last few weeks, the mornings have been cold here, and I let the LC Lazer warm up a few minutes on my first job of the morning. Sometimes this requires 1/3 choke to keep her running a bit rich. In the wet mornings, the clutch plates are often grabby due to rust, and the belts are also quite grabby. By keeping the choke on, and throttling it up just above idle, I can engage the PTO without any hiccups. Try it without the choke, and you need almost 1/2 throttle! P.S. Dont forget to push the choke back in !!!