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Department Chair: Steve Cope, ScD, OT/L
This professional Master of Science program is designed to provide entry-level graduate education in the field of occupational therapy. Students learn entry-level skills and techniques commonly used in the practice of occupational therapy in a variety of areas and with diverse populations. They develop the ability to apply these skills through effective clinical reasoning based on a solid theoretical foundation of human function. The purpose of occupational therapy is to help individuals achieve a maximum level of independence in all areas of their lives. Occupational therapy is needed when an individual's ability to live independently, to care for personal needs, and to participate in work, school, family and community life is disrupted by illness or injury. Occupational therapists also provide education and training for wellness and prevention concerns. Occupational therapists work in schools, skilled nursing facilities, clinics, and hospitals, as well as alternative service delivery models (e.g., prisons, community mental health agencies and business/industry).
Students enter the Entry-level Master of Science (M.S.) in Occupational Therapy (OT) Program after completing a baccalaureate degree (no preferred major) and all OT Program prerequisite courses (see below). Upon entry into the OT Program, students will complete two consecutive years of professional occupational therapy education, plus six months of clinical fieldwork. Students will earn a Master's of Science in Occupational Therapy. The OT Program is offered on a full-time basis only for students matriculating in summer 2018; part-time options will begin in the summer of 2019.
All occupational therapy practitioners must graduate from an accredited occupational therapy program and pass the national certification examination in order to practice occupational therapy. In addition, all states require certified occupational therapy therapists to be licensed.
The Entry-level M.S. in OT Program is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE) of the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) located at 4720 Montgomery Lane, Suite 200, Bethesda, MD 20824-1220. AOTA's phone number is (301) 652-2682. The ACOTE website is http://www.acoteonline.org.
Students in the OT program will be expected to perform a minimum number of Technical Standards and Essential Requirements.
Upon completion of all academic and fieldwork requirements of the OT Program, students are awarded a Master's of Science (M.S.) degree. Graduates of the OT Program are eligible to sit for the National Certification Examination for Occupational Therapists administered by the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT). Information about NBCOT and the certification examination can be found at www.nbcot.org. See the table below for St. Scholastica OT student pass rates over the past three years. Note: A felony conviction may affect a graduate's ability to sit for the NBCOT certification examination or attain state licensure. An individual, who has a felony background and is considering entering an occupational therapy program, can have his or her background reviewed prior to actually applying for the exam by requesting an Early Determination Review at http://www.nbcot.org/early-determination-character-review. (There is a fee for this service.)
After successful completion of this examination, the individual will be a registered occupational therapist (OTR). State licensure is required in all 50 states; practitioners must work with licensing boards within states they plan to work in order to obtain initial licensure and maintain their license by acquiring continuing education credits and paying fees.
Exam Year
3 year total
First-time test takers
First-time test takers who passed
Percentage of first-time test takers who passed
99% (average)
Cells reflect the number of test takers who passed the exam within one year of graduating regardless of the number of attempts. Pass rate data can be accessed by going to the NBCOT link: https://secure.nbcot.org/data/schoolstats.aspx.
The OT Program has had two methods of application to the OT Program: the First-Year Admission Criteria Track (FACT), which is being phased out, and the Standard Admissions Track.
FACT was a criterion-based early admission program into the graduate OT Program. The 2015-2016 academic year marked the end of the FACT admission option to the OT Program. St. Scholastica students who are currently in the FACT program for admission in the summer of 2018 or 2019 are guaranteed admission to the OT Program assuming they maintain the necessary criteria (see below).
All St. Scholastica students not on a FACT list who apply to the OT Program for admission will be given priority review. Priority review means that applicants who have earned a degree (or will earn a degree prior to starting the OT Program) from St. Scholastica will be reviewed prior to applicants with degrees from other colleges or universities. Priority review does not mean guaranteed admission.
FACT criteria. Students currently on a FACT list will maintain their status as a FACT applicant by doing the following:
If a student is removed from the FACT program for any of the above reasons, they are still eligible to apply to the OT Program and receive priority review as a St. Scholastica student.
Please note: Students in the FACT program are still required to submit the completed Occupational Therapy Centralized Application Service (OTCAS) application in the fall of senior year. See admission requirements (http://www.css.edu/graduate/masters-doctoral-and-professional-programs/areas-of-study/ms-occupational-therapy/admissions-information.html).
Applicants must follow these admission requirements:
The following prerequisites (or their approved transfer equivalents) are required for admission:
All but two prerequisite courses must have been completed (with grades on transcripts) at the time of application in mid-November. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of 2.0 or better. Credits from high school advanced placement (AP) courses will not be eligible* to satisfy prerequisite coursework for the OT Program, as stated in the OT Department Handbook. The St. Scholastica OT Program does not give credit for work experience or credits taken in another occupational therapy program toward prerequisite or in-program courses. Prerequisite courses must be within the past 10 years.
*Any student may request a waiver of admission requirements through a written request to the Graduate Admissions Office. These requests must be received by the Graduate Admissions Office by October 15th to allow ample time for review prior to the mid-November application deadline. The Department Chair may determine prerequisite course equivalencies and grant waivers for time limitations without full admission committee involvement. Other waiver requests may require a committee vote. Waiver of GPA and course grade minimum requirements will not be considered. The Department Chair notifies the applicant and the Graduate Admissions Counselor of waiver decisions in writing.
All applicants to the OT Program at The College of St. Scholastica must meet the following minimum eligibility criteria in order for their application to be considered:
Note: meeting minimum entrance requirements does not guarantee admission. Exceptions to minimum criteria may be made at the discretion of the admissions committee. Interviews are not typically part of the admission process for the OT Program.
Applications that meet the above minimum eligibility criteria will be reviewed and scored by members of the admissions committee using a rubric. Applicants are ranked based on both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Quantitative measures include GRE scores (analytic writing, quantitative reasoning, verbal reasoning) and computed GPA for all undergraduate work and prerequisite coursework. Qualitative aspects of the application are scored by members of the admissions committee. Areas that receive scoring include:
All applicants (those using the FACT or Standard Admission) must use the Occupational Therapy Centralized Application Service (OTCAS) as the only method for applying to the OT Program. Visit the OTCAS website at www.otcas.org for more information. The OT Program will consider only those applicants who submit a completed application through OTCAS. The following information is required:
The application deadline for the OT Program is mid-November. Applicants will be considered after the application deadline if there are spaces available. The initial acceptance pool consists of up to 16 qualified FACT students and the remainder of qualified St. Scholastica and transfer students for a class of 36.
For information and assistance with applications, students may contact the Office of Graduate and Extended Campus Admissions (Graduate Admissions Office), The College of St. Scholastica, 1200 Kenwood Ave., Duluth, MN 55811-4199. Telephone (218)723-6285 or (866)478-9277, Email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Students are expected to:
Once accepted into the OT Program, and prior to beginning classes, students must submit the following documentation to the Department of Occupational Therapy:
Additional requirements for participation in fieldwork may include a drug test/screen, additional immunizations or titers, etc. These requirements are site specific.
In addition to St. Scholastica's student services, technology and health services fees, course fees of $300 are assessed each semester for course materials and other expenses during the first 2 years of the academic program. Students can anticipate total charges of $1,200 for course fees and approximately $2,000 for textbooks and resources, during the course of the 2-1/2 year OT Program. During the time a student is completing fieldwork, the student is responsible for living expenses, transportation to and from the site, and other related costs. Level II Fieldwork experiences are full-time (40 hours/week) work experiences that often require homework assignments and outside responsibilities. Fees are subject to change.
Student handbooks are provided to all accepted applicants for specific policies and procedures related to academics and fieldwork.
All courses must be completed successfully in sequence. Following completion of the didactic component of the OT Program, the student completes two fieldwork experiences, each 12 weeks in length. Fieldwork is arranged by the OT Program at approved sites throughout the United States.
The first year of the OT Program curriculum provides students with a science-based foundation for learning skilled evaluations and interventions aimed at improving day-to-day functioning for clients. Key occupational therapy concepts such as occupation-based practice, client-centered practice, and evidence-based practice further ground students in OT's unique role in health care. Participation in both on and off-campus clinical experiences expose students to a range of clients and settings.
In the second year, advanced clinical courses help student hone their ability to think critically about the process of providing occupational therapy for diverse clinical populations in a variety of settings using different service models. Additional fieldwork opportunities afford the opportunity for students to experience the occupational therapy process of client care and develop comfort with making decisions for specific clients. Students also participate in original research projects mentored by experienced faculty.
The third year is devoted to two 12-week clinical experiences. These required fieldwork experiences involve full-time work under the supervision of a certified occupational therapist. This intensive mentored experience allows students to develop entry-level skills in providing all aspects of occupational therapy care in a given setting.
The Student Outcomes of the OT Program are guided by the Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics, Core Values and Attitudes of Occupational Therapy Practice, and the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework. The outcomes are described in five broad areas, found below, including professional identity, cultural competence, communication, leadership and disciplinary excellence.
1. Professional Identity in Occupational Therapy Practice
Graduates will demonstrate the values, attitudes and behaviors of entry-level occupational therapy professionals in their relationships with clients and colleagues. Their ability to foster intentional relationships, necessary for the effective client-centered approach, involves both self-awareness and awareness of the uniqueness of every individual.
Graduates will:
• integrate the behaviors, values and ethics of an entry level occupational therapist into their classroom and experiential activities;
• demonstrate the ability to develop intentional relationships with clients;
• work effectively with supervisors, employers, and other professionals; and
• balance physical, social, emotional and spiritual aspects of self and clients.
2. Cultural Competence in Occupational Therapy Practice
To practice in a diverse work environment, graduates will demonstrate behaviors and attitudes that foster cultural competence.
Graduates will:
• articulate the process of becoming culturally proficient through the understanding and appreciation of others' beliefs, values and diverse life experiences;
• evaluate ethnic, religious, sexual, socioeconomic, age and gender discrimination inherent in health care environments and practices; and
• create and adapt intervention strategies that effectively address cultural and social influences that impact client progress.
3. Communication in Occupational Therapy Practice
Graduates will be able to effectively present, discuss and defend the concepts and opinions of the profession of occupational therapy through verbal, non-verbal and written language, using a variety of methods, techniques and technology.
Graduates will:
• demonstrate effective verbal, non-verbal and written communication skills with health care professionals, clients, families, agencies, or other consumers of occupational therapy services;
• interpret, synthesize and apply information from a wide range of sources to contribute to and inform professional practice; and
• produce clear and accurate client documentation and respect confidentiality of client information.
4. Leadership in Occupational Therapy Practice
Graduates will be knowledgeable about basic principles of management and leadership. At interpersonal and interdisciplinary levels, graduates will integrate the profession's values and ethics as they thoughtfully promote collaboration between stakeholders. Incorporating their knowledge of the latest policy directions, graduates will be involved in professional organizations, ever mindful of being good stewards, team members and advocates of people in need.
Graduates will:
• knowledgeably represent the domains of occupational therapy;
• articulate ethical principles of management and leadership; and
• analyze current local, state and national trends in health care and anticipate future trends that may impact the practice of occupational therapy.
5. Disciplinary Excellence in Occupational Therapy Practice
Grounded in the theory and foundation of the profession, graduates will critically analyze, interpret and synthesize information needed to provide client-centered care. Graduates will be dedicated to improving people's lives through innovation, research, education and services in the field of occupational therapy.
Graduates will:
• be knowledgeable in specific content areas of the profession, including emerging practice areas;
• apply the theoretical foundation of the profession to practice;
• collaborate effectively with COTAs, OT aides and other disciplines in client intervention; and
• take initiative to direct one's own learning.
*The OT Program has revised its curriculum and student learning outcomes. Pending approval from the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education, the first year of the new curriculum will be offered beginning in the summer of 2018, and the second year of the new curriculum will be offered beginning in the summer of 2019. The course descriptions listed below are for the 2017-2018 academic year. The course descriptions for 2018-2019 will be posted in the on-line catalog when they are approved by ACOTE.


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Stimulatory concentrations of glucose induce two patterns of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) oscillations in mouse islets: simple or mixed. In the mixed pattern, rapid oscillations are superimposed on slow ones. In the present study, we examined the role of the membrane potential in the mixed pattern and the impact of this pattern on insulin release. Simultaneous measurement of [Ca2+]c and insulin release from single islets revealed that mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations triggered synchronous oscillations of insulin secretion. Simultaneous recordings of membrane potential in a single β-cell within an islet and of [Ca2+]c in the whole islet demonstrated that the mixed pattern resulted from compound bursting (i.e., clusters of membrane potential oscillations separated by prolonged silent intervals) that was synchronized in most β-cells of the islet. Each slow [Ca2+]c increase during mixed oscillations was due to a progressive summation of rapid oscillations. Digital image analysis confirmed the good synchrony between subregions of an islet. By contrast, islets from sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase isoform 3 (SERCA3)-knockout mice did not display typical mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations in response to glucose. This results from a lack of progressive summation of rapid oscillations and from altered spontaneous electrical activity, i.e., lack of compound bursting, and membrane potential oscillations characterized by lower-frequency but larger-depolarization phases than observed in SERCA3+/+ β-cells. We conclude that glucose-induced mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations result from compound bursting in all β-cells of the islet. Disruption of SERCA3 abolishes mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations and augments β-cell depolarization. This latter observation indicates that the endoplasmic reticulum participates in the control of the β-cell membrane potential during glucose stimulation.
- electrical activity
- insulin-secreting cell
- thapsigargin
pancreatic β-cells are electrically excitable and transduce variations in the concentration of glucose and other nutrients into changes in the concentration of free cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]c), which eventually trigger insulin secretion. Glucose-stimulated mouse islets display simple [Ca2+]c oscillations or mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations characterized by rapid oscillations superimposed on slow ones (3, 16, 17, 34). Simple [Ca2+]c oscillations result from synchronous oscillations of the membrane potential that induce intermittent Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (15, 33). The origin of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations is unclear. It has been suggested that the mixed pattern is due to the combination of distinct responses originating from separate cell populations within the islet (28). This proposal is not supported by studies showing that [Ca2+]c oscillations are generally similar and synchronous in different regions of the islet (15, 33). We instead hypothesize that these mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations are induced by the as yet unexplained compound bursting that is characterized by a series of membrane potential oscillations of changing duration that occur in bursts and are separated by prolonged silent intervals. This peculiar electrical activity has been documented in a number of glucose-stimulated islets (4, 9, 21).
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) takes up cytosolic Ca2+ by sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) (13, 41). Pancreatic β-cells express several SERCA isoforms, including SERCA2b and SERCA3 (12, 36) and possibly SERCA2a also (27). Whereas SERCA2 has a high affinity for Ca2+ and controls basal [Ca2+]c, SERCA3 has a low affinity for Ca2+ and influences depolarization-induced [Ca2+]c oscillations by taking up cytosolic Ca2+ during each period of Ca2+ influx (1). This latter isoform might therefore affect the [Ca2+]c oscillation pattern.
In the present study, we monitored [Ca2+]c in intact islets and the membrane potential of a β-cell simultaneously within the same islet to evaluate whether mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations are induced by compound bursting. Using digital image analysis, we determined whether mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations are present and synchronized in all islet regions. By measuring [Ca2+]c and insulin release from single islets simultaneously, we evaluated the influence of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations on insulin secretion. We then tested the hypothesis that SERCA3 is implicated in the generation of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations in experiments with islets from SERCA3-knockout (SERCA3−/−) mice.
Solutions and drugs.
The medium used for all experiments was a HCO3−-buffered solution containing (in mM) 120 NaCl, 4.8 KCl, 2.5 CaCl2, 1.2 MgCl2, 24 NaHCO3, and various concentrations of glucose (3–15 mM as indicated). This medium was supplemented with 1 mg/ml BSA (fraction V; Boehringer-Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany) and gassed with O2-CO2 (94:6 ratio) to maintain pH 7.4 at 37°C. For the preparation of islets, the medium contained 5 mM HEPES and 10 mM glucose. For membrane potential recordings, BSA was omitted. Thapsigargin was purchased from Alomone Laboratories (Jerusalem, Israel) or from Sigma (St. Louis, MO), and diazoxide was a gift from Schering-Plough Avondale (Rathdrum, Ireland).
Animals and cells.
The research project was approved by, and the experiments were conducted in accordance with, the guidelines of the Commission d'Ethique et d'Expérimentation Animale of the University of Louvain Faculty of Medicine. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation and decapitation. Islets of Langerhans were aseptically isolated after collagenase digestion of the pancreas from Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice (only for insulin secretion experiments), SERCA3−/− mice, or SERCA3+/+ mice. Both male and female SERCA3−/− mice had a lower weight (24.8 ± 0.6 g, n = 25) than their C57BL/6J controls (SERCA3+/+) bred from their wild-type littermates (30.7 ± 1 g, n = 21; P < 0.01). Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations from fed animals were lower in SERCA3−/− (5.25 ± 0.15 mM glucose, 1.14 ± 0.09 ng insulin/ml, n = 25) than in SERCA3+/+ mice (6.31 ± 0.15 mM glucose, 2.3 ± 0.3 ng insulin/ml, n = 21; P < 0.01).
Islets were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% heat-inactivated FCS, 100 IU/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and 10 mM glucose. For the experiments shown in Fig. 8, islets were cultured on glass coverslips for 3–4 days. This period was necessary for the islets to attach firmly to coverslips and sustain frequent solution changes at a high flow rate. For all other experiments, islets were cultured for 1 day. Single cells from flexor digitorum brevis muscles and single cardiomyocytes of NMRI mice were prepared as described previously (11, 29).
[Ca2+]c measurements.
Islets were loaded for 2 h at 37°C with 2 μM fura-PE3 AM (MoBiTec, Göttingen, Germany). The loading solution was a HCO3−-buffered solution containing 10 mM glucose. A glass coverslip was used as the bottom of an ∼1-ml temperature-controlled perifusion chamber mounted on the stage of an inverted microscope. The islets were held in place by suction using a glass micropipette. The temperature within the chamber was 37°C. [Ca2+]c was measured using dual-wavelength (340 and 380 mm) excitation microspectrofluorometry with a photometry-based system (Photon Technologies International, Princeton, NJ), a Photometrics Cascade 650 camera (Roper Scientific, Trenton, NJ) driven by MetaFluor software (Universal Imaging, Downingtown, PA), or an intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) video camera (Photonic Science, Tunbridge Wells, UK) driven by Tardis software (VisiTech International, Sunderland, UK) to capture emitted fluorescence at 510 nm. The sampling rate was 5 ratios/s with the photometry-based system, 1 ratio/s with the Cascade camera, and 1 ratio/2.56 s with the Photonic Science CCD camera. Measurements were performed with a ×20 magnification lens objective microscope (Zeiss, Jena, Germany). [Ca2+]c was calculated by comparing the ratio of the 510-nm signals successively acquired at 340 and 380 nm with a calibration curve based on the equation of Grynkiewicz et al. (19) and established by filling the chamber with an intracellular solution containing 10 μM fura-PE3 free acid and ∼10 mM or <1 nM free Ca2+. A Kd value of 290 nM was used for the fura-PE3-Ca2+ complex (38).
Electrophysiological recordings.
The membrane potential of a single β-cell within an islet was recorded continuously at 37°C using a high-resistance (100–300 MΩ) intracellular microelectrode simultaneously with [Ca2+]c measurement in the whole islet. β-cells were identified on the basis of the typical electrical activity that they display in the presence of a stimulatory concentration of glucose (21).
Insulin secretion measurements.
Insulin secretion was measured simultaneously with [Ca2+]c (experiments shown in Fig. 5) as previously described (18). Briefly, a single islet was placed into a 110-μl temperature-controlled perifusion chamber. The flow rate was 1.8 ml/min, and the effluent fractions were collected in fractions of 30 s just downstream from the islet. Insulin was measured in duplicate in 400-μl aliquots of the effluent fraction. The RIA characteristics using rat insulin (Novo Research Institute, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) as the standard were reported elsewhere (23).
Radioactive RT-PCR.
Total RNA was extracted, quantified, and reverse transcribed into cDNA exactly as described previously (24). The sense and antisense primers were chosen in the coding region of mRNA gene sequences, and their specificity was checked via a blast search of the GenBank database. The primers for SERCA1a and SERCA1b were similar (forward primer, 5′-TTCCATCTGCCTGTCCATGTC-3′; reverse primer, 5′-CTGGTTACTTCCTTCTTTCGTCTT-3′) but could be distinguished by the size of the amplicons (see below) (40, 43). The forward primer was common for SERCA2a and SERCA2b: 5′-AAATCTCCTTGCCTGTG-3′. The reverse primers were 5′-GATGGCTTCTGTTCTTG-3′ for SERCA2a and 5′-ATCGCTAAAGTTAGTGTCTGT-3′ for SERCA2b (37). Polymerization reactions were performed using a PerkinElmer 9700 ThermoCycler in a 25-μl reaction volume containing 3 μl of cDNA (20 ng of total RNA equivalents), 80 μM cold 2-deoxynucleotide 5′-triphosphate, 1.25 μCi of [α-32P]dCTP (3,000 Ci/mM), 100 ng of appropriate oligonucleotide primers, GeneAmp Gold PCR buffer, and 1.25 U of AmpliTaq Gold DNA polymerase (PerkinElmer, Foster City, CA). The thermal cycle profile was a 5-min denaturing step at 94°C, followed by amplification cycles [30 s at 94°C, 30 s at 58°C (for SERCA2a and SERCA2b) or 62°C (for SERCA1a and SERCA1b), and 1 min at 72°C each], and a final extension step of 10 min at 72°C. The amplicons were then separated on a 6% polyacrylamide gel in Tris-borate-EDTA buffer. The gel was dried, and [α-32P]dCTP-labeled amplicons were revealed using the Cyclone Storage Phosphor System (Packard, Meriden, CT). The sizes of amplicons were as expected (248 bp for SERCA1a, 206 bp for SERCA1b, 385 bp for SERCA2a, and 209 bp for SERCA2b).
Real-time fluorescence PCR.
These experiments were performed on the same batches of cDNA used for radioactive PCR (see above). Real-time PCR was performed with the iCycler iQ Real Time PCR detection system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA) using the fluorescent dye SYBR Green I (Molecular Probes, Leiden, The Netherlands) to monitor double-stranded DNA accumulation during the annealing step of each cycle of amplification (excitation/emission ratio, 490/530 nm) (7). Amplifications of SERCA2a, SERCA2b, and TATA-box binding protein (TBP) cDNA were performed in duplicate in a 25-μl reaction volume containing 12.5 μl of iQ SuperMix (Bio-Rad Laboratories), cDNA (2–10 ng of total RNA equivalents) or water, SYBR Green I at 10−5 dilution, 10 nM fluorescein for fluorescence normalization between wells, and 300 nM primers specific for SERCA2a (forward, 5′-GGAACAACCCGCAATACTGG-3′; reverse, 5′-CTTTTCCCCAACCTCAGTCATG-3′), SERCA2b (forward, 5′-AAATCTCCTTGCCTGTG-3′; reverse, 5′-ATCGCTAAAGTTAGTGTCTGT-3′), or TBP (forward, 5′-ACCCTTCACCAATGACTCCTATG-3′; reverse, 5′-ACTTCGTGCCAGAAATGCTGA-3′). The thermal cycle profile was a 3-min denaturing step at 95°C to release DNA polymerase activity, followed by 40 cycles of amplification, each of which comprised a 15-s denaturation step at 95°C, a 45-s annealing step at 60°C, and a 15-s step at 82°C. After amplification, the specificity of PCR products was verified using melting curve analysis (31), and the threshold cycle (Ct) was determined using iCycler iQ software 3.0a (Bio-Rad Laboratories). Under these conditions, PCR efficiencies for amplification of SERCA2a, SERCA2b, and TBP were similar. Because each gene of interest was amplified in parallel with TBP using the same cDNA dilution, ΔCt = Ct gene − Ct TBP was calculated for each sample before averaging. The gene-to-TBP mRNA ratio can be calculated using the formula 2 − ΔCt.
Presentation of results.
Representative results are shown in traces obtained with the indicated number of islets from at least three different cultures. The statistical significance between means was assessed using an unpaired t-test, a χ2-test, or ANOVA, followed by the Newman-Keuls test as appropriate. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.
Effects of various glucose concentrations on [Ca2+]c oscillations in islets.
We first determined the optimal conditions in which to analyze mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations. Islets were submitted to stepwise increases in the glucose concentration of the perifusion medium. In the presence of low glucose (≤5 mM), [Ca2+]c was low and stable (Fig. 1). The threshold glucose concentration at which [Ca2+]c oscillations appeared varied between 6 and 8 mM (39%, 72%, and 100% of the islets were active in 6, 7, and 8 mM glucose, respectively; n = 39) and was 6 mM in the experiment shown in Fig. 1. Just above the threshold, [Ca2+]c oscillations almost always showed a mixed pattern (Fig. 1). Therefore, 8 mM glucose was used in subsequent experiments aimed at testing the origin of mixed oscillations. At higher glucose concentrations (10–15 mM) the pattern was rarely mixed, but usually simple, either slow or rapid.
Mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations result from compound bursting that is synchronized between different islet regions.
To assess the relationship between oscillations of membrane potential and [Ca2+]c, we simultaneously measured [Ca2+]c in a whole islet and the membrane potential of a β-cell within the islet using an intracellular microelectrode. As previously reported (15, 33), in 10 mM glucose, simple [Ca2+]c oscillations, either rapid (Fig. 2A) or slow (Fig. 2B), resulted from synchronous membrane potential oscillations. As shown in Fig. 2C, mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations were induced by compound bursting: membrane potential oscillations of variable duration occurred in bursts separated by prolonged silent intervals. In some (3 of 10) islets, rapid [Ca2+]c oscillations coincided with changes in the frequency of action potentials on top of a depolarized plateau (Fig. 2D, see asterisk). These results suggest that the slow ascending phase of each mixed [Ca2+]c oscillation results from a progressive summation of the rapid [Ca2+]c oscillations triggered by synchronous oscillations of the bursting electrical activity.
Oscillations of [Ca2+]c and membrane potential were synchronous in the vast majority of islets, and only a few exceptions to the rule were observed. In 2 of 42 mixed oscillations (10 islets), a rapid [Ca2+]c oscillation occurred in the absence of concomitant membrane potential depolarization (Fig. 3A, see asterisk). In 4 of 42 mixed oscillations, a membrane potential oscillation was recorded in the impaled cell without detection of a significant [Ca2+]c oscillation in the islet (Fig. 3B, see asterisk). Because each mixed oscillation comprises ∼10 shorter oscillations, the incidence of dissociations between membrane potential and [Ca2+]c changes was ∼1%. The rarity of these dissociations implicates that all regions of the islets are well synchronized, even when the pattern is irregular.
We also used digital image analysis to compare glucose-induced [Ca2+]c oscillations in different small regions of the islets. In islets perifused with 8 mM glucose for 30 min, most mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations were perfectly synchronous between all regions (Fig. 4A). However, two types of minor desynchronization were sometimes detected. The first type affected 6.9% of the slow oscillations: [Ca2+]c remained low in one region, whereas it increased and oscillated in another region (data not shown). The second type affected 8.4% of the slow oscillations: [Ca2+]c remained steadily elevated in one region, but it oscillated in another (Fig. 4B, see asterisk). These desynchronizations are thus a rare phenomenon that affects only a few rapid oscillations during some mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations and are restricted to small regions of some islets. Synchronization of the mixed oscillations throughout the islet is thus the rule.
Mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations trigger insulin secretion oscillations.
We next investigated the influence of the mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations on insulin secretion by simultaneous monitoring of [Ca2+]c and insulin secretion in single islets. Because insulin secretion by one islet is undetectable in the presence of 8–10 mM glucose, the experiments had to be performed in 12–15 mM glucose. Only few islets displayed mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations under these conditions. Another constraint is the collection of enough secretion for the assay; the perifusion medium was thus sampled at 30-s intervals, which do not permit the detection of fast oscillations. As shown in Fig. 5, each mixed [Ca2+]c oscillation triggered a synchronous slow oscillation of insulin secretion.
Ablation of SERCA3 does not alter the expression of other SERCA subtypes.
The known influence of SERCA3 on [Ca2+]c oscillations triggered by depolarization with high K+ concentration ([K+]) (1) led us to test the possible impact of the ablation of SERCA3 on mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations.
Islets from SERCA3−/− mice have previously been shown to express a short nonfunctional SERCA3 (1). We verified that ablation of SERCA3 was not compensated by the overexpression of another SERCA isoform. Expression of SERCA1a, SERCA1b, SERCA2a, and SERCA2b mRNA in control tissues (cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscles) and islets of SERCA3+/+ and SERCA3−/− mice was first assessed using radioactive RT-PCR (36 cycles). SERCA1a and SERCA1b mRNA could not be detected in islets from SERCA3+/+ and SERCA3−/− mice, whereas both isoforms were expressed in skeletal muscles and cardiomyocytes (Fig. 6A). SERCA2a was not detected in islets, weakly expressed in skeletal muscle, and strongly expressed in cardiomyocytes (Fig. 6B), and SERCA2b was well expressed in all tissues (Fig. 6C).
The expression of SERCA2a and SERCA2b mRNA from islets of SERCA3+/+ and SERCA3−/− mice and from cardiomyocytes was also assessed using real-time PCR (Fig. 6D). Ablation of SERCA3 did not significantly affect the mRNA expression of both SERCA2 isoforms in islets. These results demonstrate that the absence of SERCA3−/− is not compensated by the overexpression of other SERCA isoforms.
Ablation of SERCA3 alters the pattern of [Ca2+]c oscillations and electrical activity.
As in control islets, the threshold glucose concentration that triggered [Ca2+]c oscillations in islets from SERCA3−/− mice varied between 6 and 8 mM (39%, 92%, and 100% of the islets were active in 6, 7, and 8 mM glucose, respectively, n = 36; not significantly different vs. controls, χ2-test), and was 6 mM in the experiment shown in Fig. 7A. [Ca2+]c oscillations of islets of SERCA3−/− mice were clearly different from those of SERCA3+/+ mice. As previously reported (1), their amplitude was larger because the nadir was close to basal levels and both the ascending and descending phases were more abrupt (note the difference in scale between Figs. 1 and 7A). In addition, an as yet unrecognized feature was observed. Contrary to observations in SERCA3+/+ islets, SERCA3−/− islets never displayed characteristic mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations with several rapid oscillations on top of slow ones. They displayed simple oscillations and, occasionally, sporadic groups of two or three irregular oscillations.
Simultaneous measurement of [Ca2+]c and membrane potential in SERCA3−/− islets perifused with 8 mM glucose showed that [Ca2+]c and membrane potential oscillations were well synchronized (Fig. 7B). As in control islets, however, rare dissociations between [Ca2+]c and membrane potential were observed (data not shown). In 1.5% of all examined oscillations (n = 136 in 12 islets), brief elevation of [Ca2+]c was observed while the plasma membrane was hyperpolarized. In 0.7% of the oscillations, [Ca2+]c did not increase during oscillations of the membrane potential. Importantly, unlike SERCA3+/+ β-cells, SERCA3−/− β-cells never displayed compound bursting. Quantification of electrical activity in both types of islets at 8 mM glucose also showed that the percentage of active phases was higher in SERCA3−/− than in SERCA3+/+ β-cells [51 ± 3% (n = 12) vs. 29 ± 3% (n = 10); P < 0.01], whereas the frequency of membrane potential oscillation was lower in SERCA3−/− than in SERCA3+/+ β-cells [1.2 ± 0.2 oscillations/min (n = 12) vs. 3.2 ± 0.4 oscillations/min (n = 10); P < 0.01]. This clearly indicates that SERCA3 influences the membrane potential.
We used image analysis to compare [Ca2+]c oscillations in different regions of the islets from SERCA3−/− mice. As in control islets, the oscillations were synchronous in all regions of the islets, although their amplitude was sometimes variable; transient desynchronizations were observed only rarely in a few islets (data not shown).
SERCA3 is responsible for mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations.
We previously reported that during a train of [Ca2+]c oscillations imposed by repetitive depolarization with KCl, the ER could be responsible for a progressive summation of [Ca2+]c oscillations (2). In the present study, we have investigated the possibility that SERCA3 is responsible for this summation, thereby contributing to the mixed pattern of [Ca2+]c oscillations.
To mimic the electrical activity occurring spontaneously in control islets stimulated by 8 mM glucose, we applied three series of five cycles of depolarization and repolarization of different durations with 30 and 10 mM [K+], respectively. The ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) opener, diazoxide, was added to the medium to avoid that changes in SERCA activity influence the membrane potential (14, 39). In SERCA3+/+ islets, the three trains of depolarization and repolarization elicited a progressive summation of the rapid [Ca2+]c oscillations, producing a mixed [Ca2+]c pattern (Fig. 8A). The summation was particularly clear during the last train, in which the first depolarizations were of increasing duration as sometimes observed during spontaneous compound bursting (see Fig. 2, C and D). Figure 8E shows the difference in [Ca2+]c between the nadirs (during intervals separating pulses) and baseline level. As expected, the difference was larger during the second train, when the relative pulse duration was longer (Fig. 8E; compare 2 bars labeled A). When control SERCA3+/+ islets were pretreated with thapsigargin, an inhibitor of SERCA (22), summation of [Ca2+]c oscillations was largely abolished: [Ca2+]c returned to nearly basal levels after each rapid oscillation (Fig. 8, B and E; compare bars A and B), demonstrating that the ER is involved in the summation of the [Ca2+]c signal as previously described (2). Application of the same protocol to SERCA3−/− islets elicited a pattern of [Ca2+]c oscillations similar to that of control islets pretreated with thapsigargin (Fig. 8, C and E; compare bars B and C). Pretreatment of SERCA3−/− islets with thapsigargin did not affect their [Ca2+]c response (Fig. 8, D and E; compare bars C and D). These results show that SERCA3 is responsible for a progressive summation of the rapid [Ca2+]c oscillations during the mixed pattern.
The present study demonstrates that mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations elicited by mildly stimulatory glucose concentrations are induced by compound bursting in all β-cells of an islet and that SERCA3 plays a role in the generation of these mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations.
Origin of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations elicited by glucose.
Whereas simple [Ca2+]c oscillations have been shown to result from synchronous oscillations of the membrane potential (see Refs. 18, 33; confirmed in this study), the origin of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations is the subject of debate. It has been suggested that they result from the mixture of two different patterns of oscillation in distinct populations of β-cells within the islet (28). However, our combined measurements demonstrate that the mixed pattern is present in all β-cells of an islet and induced by bursts of membrane potential oscillations separated by long, silent intervals (i.e., compound bursting) (9, 21). Moreover, digital image analysis revealed that mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations were present most of the time in all regions of an islet and displayed synchrony between the different regions. In a few islets, [Ca2+]c oscillations were rarely desynchronized, with some regions oscillating while others remained steadily elevated or at the basal level. This finding is in accord with the observation that membrane potential and [Ca2+]c oscillations were occasionally dissociated in combined measurements. However, it is important to emphasize that these rare dissociations do not explain the mixed pattern, which appears to be an inherent property of individual β-cells as also suggested by its occurrence in single β-cells or in small islet cell clusters (25, 30).
Pancreatic β-cells express SERCA2b and SERCA3 only.
The presence of SERCA2b in islets has been established (27, 35, 36), but whether islets also express SERCA2a remains unclear (27, 36). By using specific primers for SERCA2a and SERCA2b in radioactive and real-time PCR experiments, we have confirmed that SERCA2b mRNA is abundantly expressed in islets and have shown that SERCA2a mRNA is absent or expressed at a much lower level than in cardiomyocytes. The presence of SERCA3 was established previously by several groups (12, 27, 36, 42), and, on the basis of immunocytochemistry, we also previously demonstrated that it is restricted to β-cells in islets (1). Importantly, we have demonstrated herein that SERCA3−/− mice did not compensate for the lack of SERCA3 by overexpressing another SERCA isoform.
Role of SERCA3 in the mixed pattern of [Ca2+]c oscillations.
That SERCA3 is restricted to β-cells makes the interpretation of our results easier, because any difference between SERCA3+/+ and SERCA3−/− islets can be attributed specifically to β-cells. SERCA3 plays a major role in the control of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations, because SERCA3−/− islets never displayed characteristic mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations and compound bursting. Because SERCA3 takes up Ca2+ during each period of Ca2+ influx and shapes depolarization-induced [Ca2+]c oscillations (1), we hypothesized that it might contribute to the pattern of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations by inducing a progressive summation of rapid [Ca2+]c oscillations. We have shown that this is indeed the case by comparing the [Ca2+]c responses of islets from SERCA3+/+ and SERCA3−/− mice to series of cycles of depolarization and repolarization mimicking compound bursting that occurred during mild glucose stimulation. The summation was observed even when the depolarizing phases were shorter than the repolarizing phases (see beginning of slow [Ca2+]c oscillation in Figs. 2, C and D, and 3A), which reinforces our previous proposal that the summation results from different kinetics of Ca2+ uptake and release by the ER, with the uptake being much faster than the release (14). These characteristics have recently been integrated into a mathematical model explaining the filtering of [Ca2+]c transients by the ER in β-cells (6).
The lack of compound bursting in SERCA3−/− islets could be linked to the decrease in frequency of membrane potential oscillations and the increase in duration of the active phases. SERCA3 could affect the membrane potential by several mechanisms, which would explain why SERCA3 disruption depolarizes β-cells. By refilling the ER with Ca2+, SERCA3 could control a depolarizing store-operated current (5, 8, 14, 39). Alternatively or in addition, SERCA3 could modulate the KATP current (26, 32) by consuming ATP.
Our results therefore indicate that SERCA3 is involved in the generation of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations via at least two mechanisms: a progressive summation of the Ca2+ signal during fast [Ca2+]c oscillations and induction of compound bursting. Whether the first effect is the cause of the latter remains to be established.
Influence of mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations on insulin secretion.
In vivo studies and ex vivo experiments with the perfused pancreas have established the pulsatility of insulin secretion with a periodicity of 5–10 min (for review, see Ref. 17). The role of the oscillations of electrical activity or [Ca2+]c in individual islets for the generation of in vivo insulin oscillations is unclear. Nevertheless, our combined insulin and [Ca2+]c measurements, demonstrating that mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations can induce synchronous slow oscillations of insulin secretion, suggest that they could have a physiological impact.
In conclusion, we have demonstrated herein for the first time that mixed [Ca2+]c oscillations result from compound bursting synchronized in all β-cells within the islet and induce synchronous oscillations of insulin secretion. Our experiments with SERCA3−/− islets also demonstrate that SERCA3 plays an important role in the mixed pattern of [Ca2+]c oscillations and the control of the membrane potential, particularly regarding the generation of compound bursting. Although SERCA3 seems dispensable in normal glucose homeostasis, its normal functioning might have other important roles in β-cells. The cyclic elevations in [Ca2+] in the ER brought about by SERCA3 could influence synthesis, modifications, and folding of proteins, processes that are known to be affected by the [Ca2+] of the ER (10, 20).
This work was supported by Grant 3.4552.04 from the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Médicale (Brussels, Belgium), Grant ARC (00/05-260) from the General Direction of Scientific Research of the French Community of Belgium, and by the Interuniversity Poles of Attraction Programme (P5/17)-the Belgian Science Policy.
We thank Dr. R. Macianskiene and Prof. K. Mubagwa (University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium) for the preparation of cardiomyocytes, Prof. G. Shull (University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH) for the supply of SERCA3−/− mice, and Dr. Ziad Zeinoun and Prof. Frank Wuytack for advice.
M. C. Beauvois holds a research fellowship from Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et l'Agriculture (Brussels, Belgium), and J.-C. Jonas is Senior Research Associate and P. Gilon is Research Director of the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique, Brussels, Belgium.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Copyright © 2006 the American Physiological Society

subset: commoncrawl


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Sources reveal that General Motors Co. intends to start courting investors for its initial public stock offering immediately after the US mid-term congressional elections on Nov. 2.
They added that GM's roadshow will start on November 3 and will end after two weeks. It's expected that the IPO will price on Nov. 17 and debut on Nov. 18.
The sources warn though that the plans are in the process of being finalized and could still change based on the performance at the US stock markets. GM chose to wait until after the elections so that bankers will have the chance to promote GM's third-quarter financial results to investors.
However, GM cautioned that there will be a slowdown in the second half of the year when compared to the first half.
In August, GM filed paperwork for an IPO that could be worth up to $20 billion, which makes it potentially one of the biggest IPOs of all time. It's also likely to be the biggest new issue in the US since Visa Inc.'s March 2008 IPO of $19.7 billion.
The final value of the IPO has yet to be set but one source said that early plans for the IPO predicted selling $12 billion to $16 billion in common stock and $3 billion to $4 billion in preferred stock that would convert to common stock under a mandatory provision.
GM filed the documents for its IPO only a little over a year after it emerged from a sponsored restructuring in bankruptcy. The US government gave $50 billion to GM and received a 61% stake. [via autonews - sub. required]


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Cedro cologne for Men by Acca Kappa
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|Design House
|Acca Kappa
|Fragrance Gender
|Men's Fragrance
|Year Introduced
|Available Types
|Bottle Designer
|Scent Classification
|Woody Aromatic
|Fragrance Notes
Popularity Total Hits: 8202
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Cedro Acca Kappa - Description
Fragrance Cedro cologne for Men by Acca Kappa was introduced in 1999. Acca Kappa Cedro is classified as Woody Aromatic fragrance. Scent notes of Cedro Acca Kappa include top notes of citrus bergamia, lemon, petitgrain, middle notes of sage, green cardamom, cloves and base notes of cedar wood.
Cedro Acca Kappa - Full Story
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When you leave your house for the day you want to make sure that you've got everything you need and that everything you need is in its place. Anna by Anuschka has seen to it that you have everything you need organized, right down to your keys. This purse comes with a key fob and a special snap inside the purse so when you aren't using your keys they are snapped securely away. You'll also find a wonderful organizing pocket that stores your cards and ID too!
Hand painted vibrant scenes adorn these totes. The leather these scenes are painted on is of the finest quality, assuring they will be with your through the years.
Hand Painted Leather
Top zip entry to main compartment
Front full length zippered pocket Inside zippered wall pocket
Rear has a zip around organizer w/4 CC pockets
2 multi purpose pockets and
1 ID window
Adjustable Handle drop 12"-26".


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Trinity Christian RB Jamie Harper is a talented back that is tough to slow down or catch on the football field. He is just as tough and elusive to track down the talented star but FlaVarsity.com fi...
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Post By: Andrew T. Frost
Buyers often purchase the assets of a business rather than purchase the stock of the business in order to avoid the seller's liabilities. Some buyers believe this shields them from any obligation to recognize the union that represented the seller's employees. This is not necessarily the case, and such buyers may be unwittingly acquiring unwanted labor obligations, including union recognition and collective bargaining. Potential buyers should carefully analyze the facts and circumstances of an asset purchase transaction to determine if the deal will trigger labor obligations for the buyer. The following are scenarios that will cause a buyer to acquire labor obligations as part of an asset purchase transaction. Continue reading


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75 of the Most Gorgeous Rooms of Every Style Imaginable
Thursday, June 9, 2011
- Kathysue said...
Gorgeous gorgeous!!! I love them all, many of your favs are my favs too!! No wonder our minds work alike. Don't you just love blogland where like minded people can meet and talk about design and we never ever get tired of hearing it!! I love every single pict. Great line-up, thanks for sharing, Kathysue
- June 9, 2011 at 10:07 PM
- Michelle said...
I see a theme ... dramatic light fittings. Great spread of photos, my eyes are always drawn to the eye catching chandeliers :)
- June 9, 2011 at 10:13 PM
- Conspicuous Style Design Blog said...
I do Kathysue....absolutely love meeting new blog friends! And Michelle, you're right....thanks or helping me figure out my style!
- June 9, 2011 at 10:22 PM
- Aimee @ The Stylish Nest said...
Each image had me saying "WOW"! So gorgeous.
- June 9, 2011 at 11:04 PM
- The enchanted home said...
No wonder I enjoy coming here...we think alike! I loved so many of those gorgeous rooms..what a visual treat and lovefest for those of us also obsessed wtih beautiful and inspirational rooms!! LOVE the lighter woods, that elegant rustic chic look too. Thanks for putting this beautiful post together...it was fun!
- June 10, 2011 at 7:11 AM
- Laura/Hayestone/Design Share said...
Gorgeous spaces!!Is it my browser, or do you have the same bathtub picture three times? Maybe you just really love that bathtub ;-) It *is* lovely!! I really love the Jeff Lewis Kitchen and my fave is the grey room with the purple chaise and over-the-top glam chandelier! Wonderful! As always, a beautiful compilation of the best design out there! Thanks, Stacy :-)
- June 10, 2011 at 5:05 PM
- theLENNOXX said...
Now this is a post I like! And like you said, even though there is a hue variety of style, there are a lot of elements in common in these images. I noticed a lot of chandeliers and natural stone =)
xox Linda
- June 12, 2011 at 10:38 AM
- Jax said...
Thanks for sharing. They're all gorgeous!
- June 14, 2011 at 10:03 PM


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LABEL ISHANA is for the woman who is subtle yet assertive. The organic nature of the pieces sets a tone of quiet confidence. Each piece focuses on being transformative with an underlying intention of standing out. The brand is strong yet versatile; like a woman's role in her day to day life. Firmly believing in
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The wild cat moves across the thick jungle on a cold misty night. It's slender body gliding through the sleepy forest , a sparkle in it's eye. It's both daunting and alluring ; changing colour with the changing sky. Label Shikha Malik's latest A/W Winter collection is all about authentic block prints created from scratch
Label neopalaeo ;derived from english-greek language translates to "New-Ancient". Aware of the quintessential comfort quotient, they create a young and a modern view on your everyday essentials that combines traditional handcrafted techniques from various regions of Rajasthan blending them with unique designs and contemporary colour schemes. With vibrant colours and modern silhouettes they're created a
There is a certain darkness that looms over us, haunting us. The ghosts of our pasts and the demons of our future staring right at us while we try to turn a blind eye to it. To the damage we've done and the damage we continue to inflict on our environment. When we talk about
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Poochki has been one of my favourite go to homegrown brands and I am thrilled to have been a part of their latest Autumn Winter 2017 collection. For someone who wants to learn and write about ethical/ sustainable fashion Poochki is the right place to start. The new collection is inspired from the shape of
The beauty of white is often overshadowed by it's over powering counter part - black. White is pristine, clean and pure. In a world of chaos white gives you the hope ; hope that if we all do our bit the world will indeed be a better place. Doodlage uses scrap and waste fabrics to create
Act like a girl, dress like a girl, sit like a girl- We've heard these one too many times to just pass them off as mere comments. As a women of the twenty first century I find it appalling that we are still being boxed into a category that's been built entirely out of social
Fashion has more power to shape minds than we give it credit for. I myself have been on the other side of the screen , laughing at articles like these but when you do cross that bridge- when you do see the beauty in simplicity you realise there is a world beyond labels and hot gossip, a world that truly makes you happy.
Between the beloved black and white there is the lesser known grey. The grey area where art meets fashion and fashion meets sustainability. They grey area is where Doodlage comes into play.A hip, eco-fashion brand Doodlage does not mass produce clothing and just like two doodles that never quite look the same, each of their upcycled garments


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iSaver is an ad-suported program that can appear on your pc without your assent. Such browser extensions have their own search, and they replace the default search provider with them and display a lot of advertisements when the owners of the computers examine all sorts of web shops. Computer owners, not suspecting that these browser add-on is installed, are displayed different advertisements in the form of undesirable pop-up windows. If a user will click these pop-up windows, he will have to study the advertisement copy of the hot item. Once in a while, these ads are deceitful and created in order to cheat users and steal their money not consign a publicize good. The programs that show advertising messages to users are named adware. If you note that adware is installed into your browser and you don't mind to eliminate this extension and its pop-ups, then you are welcome study this page till the end. You can perform the helpful manual methods or the special removal tools from this guide in order to remove iSaver.
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It is evident that removal tool is the powerful approach to get rid of iSaver from the system. The automatic method is easy enough, so, it is high time to choose the removal program. You are welcome to read the peculiarities of the tools that will eliminate iSaver on this page. You and only you should resolve what software to run, we can just suggest some better antiviruses.
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Remove iSaver Manually
If you like to remove iSaver manually, then you have the opportunity to follow the items depicted below. The easiest manual removal method is to restore browser settings and remove browser extensions from Mozilla Firefox, IE, Chrome. The best manual removal technique, that you will read a little bit below, will explain you what parts of the unwanted program you should remove in order to remove iSaver. Choose the method that will suit you.
Easy Manual iSaver Removal Method(Uninstall Method)
- Click Start button, and then left-click Control Panel.
- Open Programs and Features (for Vista and Windows 7), or Add or Remove Programs for other versions of OSs.
- Examine the list of the installed applications, highlight iSaver and click Uninstall.
Eliminate iSaver Out of Internet Explorer
- Open Internet Explorer to find Tools in the top menu.
- Click Manage add-ons.
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Remove iSaver ads From Firefox
- Open your Mozilla Firefox. Click Tools then click Addons.
- Click Extensions.
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- Open your Google Chrome. Click Wrench sign.
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You should understand that manual way of removal is not the easiest and safe way of removal, it should not be performed by the unskilled users.
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- 6s0rqn.exe
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- Remove the itemized folders:
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- Eliminate the itemized Registry Entries from Registry Editor:
- Key: HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Browser Helper Objects\
- Value: Isaver
- Data: SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Browser Helper Objects\
Install Special Software To Protect Your Computer
If you made use an easy manual removal method (Uninstall Method) and the adware returned, then you can follow one of the powerful removal utilities characterized on this page. Virus Removal Tool and Spyhunter are the most powerful antivirus software, depicted in this article.
About Author: Material provided by: Alesya Orlova


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Transfer forum' started by Bobbins, 7 Dec 2016.
Ok not sure I believe you tho
Not for me i think we need more of an imposing physical presence in midfield we are getting overun to easily these days and though Isco is a lovely technicaly gifted player he wouldnt start over Silva and Spannish Dave has a good few years yet
I think what makes Isco such a great player is his versatility, he's also a little warrior and isn't afraid of getting stuck in. Pair him next to a Fabinho and he'd be class.
I like him but when we signed Gundogan it pretty much took the last available squad place for a player of that type and given he's not happy at game time at Madrid im not sure he would get much more at City unless of course Pep decides he will lose one of Silva Gundogan or KDB, my guess is that CM will be the focus where we are in a bit of a state with possibly only Ferna staying on out of our current crop of Centre Mids
The injury to Gundogan really hurt us in the long run, nobody good enough to rotate with Silva or KDB. Although I would have liked to see Pep try something different like he did at Bayern and say play Nacho as one of the two CMs (but obvious more forward so), like he did with Thomas Muller at Bayern. Muller played with Thiago but Thiago obvious had more defensive duties and allowed Muller to play almost like an SS to Lewandowski.
Diaz will play that role very soon he looks every inch a top class prospect im sure thats shaping Peps thinking and id be very suprised if hes not in the first team squad in the next 12/18 months , hopefully Mafeo and Garcia to really hope they get game time next season
Him and Foden can battle for the spot for years as far as I'm concerned. The competition will spur them both on, with possibly both being potential starters. I think Foden needs to earn it fairly though and play U23 next season.
I mean right now Silva needs someone to rotate with him. He will still need it next year when he is even older. No I don't want to emulate Everton.
Does anyone else hope we don't go for this guy now? I think he will 100% go missing in the big games and he's not the type of player we need.
The only central midfielder we need is a Kante type. We have enough attacking midfielders IMO
You are so so wrong !
Isco is a battler, he doesn't go missing.
Would love him to join us.


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Faith Hill and her daughter Maggie have been on the sweetest roadtrip ever.
Momma Faith was taking Maggie off to college and they shared photos of their sweet adventures together along the way.
This pic brought all the feels as Faith & husband Tim McGraw got so emotional while having to leave Maggie behind at college, that they couldn't even show their tear-filled faces.
If only we could reach through this photo and give them a hug!
Their eldest daughter, Gracie, is also at college. The youngest, 14-year-old Audrey, will definitely be there to comfort Faith and Tim as her older sisters are away.


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- Multifit Prestige
- Duratuff
- Haven
- Traditional
- Palliside
Vinyl Cladding Colour Range
Multifit Australia specialise in the supply and installation of an extensive range of maintenance free products. These vinyl cladding products are designed and built to withstand extreme weather conditions – wild winds and heat, offering a superior level of protection, for everything and everyone inside your home. Our product has been specifically designed and tested in Australia for Australian homes, where the weather conditions can go from one extreme to the other in just one day. Our exterior vinyl weatherboards feature the unique Windlock 180 locking system. The Windlock 180 ensures all cladding panels are securely engaged. In fact, our products have been tested to withstand winds of up to 288 km/h, all the while ensuring a tighter, more secure fit.
To view full Colour Range…….
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Travelhost - Portland, ORBusiness Ownership, Independence, Control TravelHost exists to support people in their dream of owning their own business. This is an business opportunity to be a TravelHost Publisher in travel media. Its a chance to own your own business, take control of your finances and set your own schedule ...
Posted: Nov 20 | Industry: Publication | Base Salary: At least $60,000
Fine Art Gallery Associate
Park West Gallery - Portland, ORTravel the World and train to be a Fine Art Auctioneer with Park West. For over 45 years Park West Gallery has been an international leader in the Art Industry. We are one of the largest privately-owned art galleries in the world, currently operating 100+ Art Galleries onboard Luxury Cruise Ships ...
Posted: Nov 20 | Industry: Travel | Base Salary: Yes (amount not posted)
Field Sales Trainer - ENT - PNW - 27037544
Cube Management - Portland, ORField Sales Trainer - ENT - PNW - 27037544 This Company is a dynamic and growing Audiology Manufacturer, (digital hearing aids) with a stellar reputation, low employee turnover and state of the art products and they are seeking a Field Sales Trainer to assist Sales Reps in the field, (pre/post sa ...
Posted: Nov 20 | Industry: Medical | Base Salary: At least $80,000
Top Talent Needed***Leads***No cold calls**$75k+
The Monteith Group - Beaverton, ORWe specialize in Mortgage Protection Insurance, Final Expense, Whole Life, IUL's and Annuities. This is a commission based sales position. If you follow direction well you are guaranteed success, if you try to reinvent the wheel this job is not for you. This is a plug and play system, proven to w ...
Posted: Nov 20 | Industry: Insurance | Base Salary: Draw against commission
Sales Closer
Agent1099 - Portland, OR**If you meet the requirements of this job posting, please follow the link to our recruitment portal to apply. We look forward to hearing from you!** We are looking for serious sales closers with a proven background exceeding sales and have extensive SEO knowledge and experience. We needreps who ...
Posted: Nov 19 | Industry: Advertising | Base Salary: Yes (amount not posted)
Regional VP of Sales - Call Center Software - 27048533
Cube Management - Portland, ORRegional VP of Sales - Call Center Software - 27048533 Our client is a leader in the Call Center Software (both Cloud & On-Premise), Hardware & Services space. They offer one of the most complete product lines in the Contact Center industry, both cloud and premise offerings. Our client can provi ...
Posted: Nov 18 | Industry: Software | Base Salary: At least $100,000
Sr Account Executive - App Perf Mgmt (APM) Software - 27051494
Cube Management - Portland, ORSr Account Executive - App Perf Mgmt (APM) Software - 27051494 Our client is hiring exceptional Sales Hunters with an entrepreneurial spirit to be part of their sales team all over the US. The successful candidate will have a track record of closing new Enterprise Accounts and consistently achiev ...
Posted: Nov 18 | Industry: Software | Base Salary: At least $100,000
Territory Manager
RJ Reynolds - Vancouver, WAFor Reynolds Americans operating companies, Trade Marketing Territory Managers are essential to achieving our Transforming Tobacco vision; they are trailblazers who help drive innovation and ignite breakthroughs that are changing an entire industry. Join us and build a remarkable career where you ...
Posted: Nov 18 | Industry: Retail Sales | Base Salary: At least $40,000
Regional VP of Sales - PBM/TPA - West - 27038829
Cube Management - Salem, ORRegional VP of Sales - PBM/TPA - West - 27038829 Our client is seeking an experienced Pharmacy Benefit Manager (PBM) or Health Insurance sales producer for their West territory of CA, WA, OR, ID, and NV. This person can live anywhere in the territory. Most important is this person have strong exp ...
Posted: Nov 18 | Industry: Healthcare | Base Salary: At least $100,000
Sales - Work From Home - Financial Services
WEALTHWAVE - Wilsonville, ORWe are the new virtual division of the largest Insurance Marketing Organization in the financial services industry. Our parent company paid out $985 Million in commissions in 2016 and they intend to QUADRUPLE that to $4 Billion by 2020. This is a realistic 6-figure plus income opportunity for a h ...
Posted: Nov 17 | Industry: Insurance | Base Salary: 100% commission
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I Heard Him Say He Loved Me
Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 7 People
The DayI had been waiting and I didn't want to say, " I love you" first. We were getting ready to hang up the phone and he said "I love you!" I about dropped the phone. It was the best moment of my life so far. I never get tired of hearing it!!!
fungirlmmm 46-50, F 9 Responses 2 Apr 18, 2010


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If you're like a lot of people, you've been trying to find a great way to lose fat or just simply maintain a healthier lifestyle. You've no doubt come across a number of different diets out there that promise this or that and have additional. One diet you may have heard of is the ketogenic diet. If you have, consider yourself lucky. There has been a ton of research done on this diet that shows that it's one of the most effective methods of losing weight and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Let's take a closer look at the ketogenic diet and break down everything you need to know.
The Basics
Simply put, a ketogenic diet is one that is high in fat and low in carbs. It actually shares quite a bit with the popular Atkins diet. Why reduce carbs? Doing so puts your body in a state known as ketosis. This will be covered in detail a bit further down, but essentially it causes your body to become a fat burning machine. This efficiency means you'll be able to lose weight quickly and will also have a number of other health benefits as well. It can do things such as reduce blood sugar and insulin levels and will actually make your body more efficient when it comes to digestion.
Ketogenic Diet Types
There are a variety of different types of keto diets available, and each of them have different strengths and weaknesses. Choosing which one is best for you depends on exactly what you want from your diet. Some of these are better for beginners whereas others are only suggested for people like athletes.
The Standard Ketogenic Diet
This is your basic keto diet. Its ratio is about 75% fat and 20% protein. The remaining 5% are carbs.
The Protein Focused Ketogenic Diet
For people who weight lift or just generally need more protein, this version of the standard diet changes the ratio to 60% fat with 35% protein. The carb amounts stay the same.
The Targeted Ketogenic Diet
This diet is for high performers and athletes and includes giving your body carbohydrates during workout sessions.
The Cyclical Ketogenic Diet
The keto diet is an on/off style that is great for athletes. You'll follow the keto diet for five days followed by a very high carb diet for two days to give your body a ton of extra energy when it needs it most.
The first two, the standard and protein focused, are the ones that have been studied the most and will generally be the best for the majority of diet practitioners. The cyclical and targeted options are mainly for top of the line athletes.
Understanding Ketosis
Our bodies have evolved different mechanisms to keep us safe. One of these mechanisms is called ketosis. It's a process that the body undergoes whenever it faces starvation to help us survive when there isn't much food. The body produces what are called ketones from liver fat. The whole point of a ketogenic diet is to get your body into this state of ketosis by reducing carbohydrates but not calories. This will cause it to burn ketones as the primary source of energy.
Examples of Food to Eat and Avoid
Foods to Avoid
Pretty much any foods that have a lot of carbs should be taken off of the menu. These include things such as any sugary substances like sodas, fruit juices, candy, ice cream; any fruit; any sorts of legumes or beans like peas or kidney beans; any grains, even whole wheat; any alcohol; any sort of root vegetables like carrots or potatoes; and unhealthy fats, such as the kind found in vegetable oils or mayonnaise. Also make sure to keep an eye on the types of condiments used, as they can be a big source of sugar as well.
Foods to Eat
Some of the best foods you can eat include any type of red meat or poultry (even bacon!); fattier types of fish like salmon and tuna; any sort of cheese as long as it's unprocessed, such as cheddar, goat cheese, or mozzarella; eggs; butter; avocados; nuts; seeds; and healthy oils, such as coconut oil, avocado oil, and extra virgin olive oil.
For condiments, there's always salt, pepper, and any type of green herbs.
The Health Benefits of this Diet
While this is a great diet to simply reduce your overall weight, there are a number of other benefits that come from it as well. There have been numerous studies shown that show that ketogenic diets are a great way to improve a person's cholesterol levels and blood sugar. It has even been shown to eliminate type 2 diabetes. In addition to that, people on the ketogenic diet will find themselves with much more energy, much less overall hunger, and will generally just feel better about themselves. It's even shown to help reduce acne.
Feeling Weak?
One of the things that turns people off to the ketogenic diet is that they'll try it for a few weeks and find themselves not feeling very well. They may get headaches with regularity or be more irritable. They may even start getting sick or feel dizzy. This is a normal reaction your body will have when it comes to a drastic change in the diet. Your body isn't used to dealing with the increased amount of fat you're putting into it and wants more carbs. Luckily, your body will get used to this within a few weeks and you'll be feeling much more energetic later on. Studies have been done and have shown no drop in performance over the long term, so those feelings are just temporary in nature.
As we have seen, the ketogenic diet is a great way to promote a healthy lifestyle, lose weight, and even provide great benefits against a number of diseases and conditions. With that said, it's not a miracle diet and does require some discipline to fully adopt. Luckily, it gets much easier the longer you stick with it and really becomes just a different lifestyle.


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Breakfast Sandwich on Bagel (egg and bacon)
Bagel with Light Cream Cheese
BLT Sandwich on WW Bread
Parfello Yogurt Parfait, Small
Plain Pizza (sauce & cheese)
Pepperoni Pizza
Pepperoni, Mushroom, Green Pepper Pizza
Grilled Chicken and Spinach Pizza
Hawaiian Pizza
Chef's Salad
Caesar Salad
Chicken Caesar Salad
Garden Salad
Greek Salad
Tuna Salad
Roasted Chicken
Turkey Breast
Roast Beef
Smoked Meat
Genoa Salami
Tuna Salad
Chicken Salad
Egg Salad
Pasta and Ham Salad
Beef Stew
Shepherds Pie
Beef and Broccoli with Noodles
Beef Stir Fry
Chili Con Carne
Meatballs (Sweet Chili Sauce)
Meat Balls in Orange Juice
Beef Bourguignon
Veal Parmesan
Orange Beef (Thai Style)
Beef with Peas and Carrots
Kafta Burgers (Mediterranean Style)
Beef Tacos
Salisbury Steak
Roast Beef with Gravy
Beef in Mushroom Sauce
Chicken Pesto Pasta
Broccoli Chicken Salad
Chicken Caesar Salad
Pasta with Turkey
Chicken Curry Salad
Chicken Pasta Salad
Hard-boiled Eggs
Chicken Noodle Salad
Chicken Apricot Oat Salad
Chicken and Water Chestnut Salad
Turkey and Orange Salad
Asian Style Chicken Noodle Salad
Creamy Lemon Chicken
Baked Chicken Thighs
Chicken and Noodle Stir Fry with Cashews
Chicken with Sun-Dried Tomatoes
Sweet Chili Chicken
Chicken with Pesto
Chicken with Broccoli
Chicken with Penne Pasta
Thai Chicken
Curried Chicken
Chicken with Gravy
Chicken Pot Pie
Country Fried Chicken Strips
Baked BBQ Chicken
Chicken Souvlaki Stir-Fry
Chicken Pasta with Fresh Herbs
Lemon Chicken Nuggets
Barbeque Chicken Thighs with Potatoes
Roast Turkey with Cranberries
Chicken Pasta Primavera
Apricot Chicken
Chicken Parmesan
Chicken a la Bonne Femme
Chicken in Lemon Sauce
Sesame Chicken
Chicken Pineapple
Tuna Pasta Salad
Seafood Salad
Tuna Asparagus Salad
Shrimp Pasta Salad
Seafood Medley Salad
Pasta Seafood Casserole
Baked Filet of Sole
Tuna Melt
Seafood Melt
Shrimp with Noodles
Batter-Fried Filet of Sole
Penne Primavera Salad
Macaroni and Cheese Salad
Couscous Salad
Greek Pasta Salad
Apple and Orange Couscous Salad
Perogies with Cheese and Spinach
Cheese and Spinach Manicotti
Pasta with Mushrooms
Pasta Carbonara
Spinach and Cheese Lasagna
Spring Tortellini
Pasta Primavera
Pasta Margarita
Pesto Pasta
Penne Pasta with Four Cheeses
Baked Macaroni and Cheese
Roast Pork in Mustard
Debrezini Sausage
Teriyaki Pork with Melon
Pasta and Ham Melt
Pork Stir Fry
Asparagus and Ham Roll-ups
Sausage and Pasta Casserole
Curried Pork
Steamed White Rice
Rice Medley
Vegetable Fried Rice
Chicken Fried Rice
Shrimp Fried Rice
Rice Florentine
Chicken Curry Rice
Rice with Beans and Lentils
Risotto Primavera
Mexican Style Vegetable Rice
Chicken Noodle Soup
Beef Noodle Soup
Vegetable with Noodle Soup
Beef and Barley Soup
Chicken Vegetable Soup
Cream of Vegetable Soup
Cream of Potato and Leek Soup
Cream of Turkey with Pea Soup
Chicken and Rice Soup
Creamy Tomato Basil Soup
Tomato Pasta Soup
Seafood Chowder
Lentil and Yam Soup
Spinach and Fruit Salad
Greek Salad
Caesar Salad
Chick Pea Salad
Greek Vegetable Salad
Antipasto Salad
Waldorf Salad
Beet Salad
Garden Vegetable Medley
Garden Mix Salad
Creamy Carrot Salad
Tomato Mozzarella and Basil Salad
Lemon Mushrooms
Barley Salad
Fatouche Salad
Bean Sprout Salad
Italian Garden Salad
Mixed Bean Salad
Endive Salad
Cucumber and Spinach Salad
Grilled Eggplants and Pepper Salad
Apple Avocado Salad
Garlic Mushrooms
Avocado Salad
Coconut Carrot Salad
Asparagus and Sweet Potatoes
Beet and Corn Salad
Vegetarian Broccoli Salad
Tomato Pesto Salad
Mushroom and Sundried Tomato Salad
Asian Style Noodle and Vegetable Salad
Potato and Egg Salad
Roasted BBQ Potatoes
Roasted Potatoes with Rosemary
Sweet Potatoes
Everyday Steamed Vegetables
Green Beans and Carrots
Zucchini Tomato Casserole
Spinach and White Sauce
Baked Eggplant
Eggplant with Vegetables
Thai Noodles with Vegetables
Deep-Fried Mushrooms
Deep-Fried Cauliflower
Parisienne Style Baked Potatoes
Spinach and Cheese Casserole
Raspberry Yogurt Muffin
Zucchini Nut Muffin
Apple Cinnamon Muffin
Banana Muffin
Banana Nut Muffin
Blueberry Muffin
Bran Muffin
Carrot Muffin
Chocolate Chip Muffin
Double Chocolate Chip Muffin
Country Corn
Lemon Cranberry Muffin
Lemon Poppyseed Muffin
Morning Glory Muffin
Oatmeal Raisin Muffin
Raisin Bran Muffin
Praline n' Cream Muffin
Cinnamon Bun
Croissant, Plain
Croissant, Plain
Apple Fritter
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Marchello coffee & muffin quality is great!! It was a new restaurant around a year ago and I never expected the quality to be so high. Their muffins are fresh and tastes way better than any that I've eaten!! I definitely suggest Marchello to anyone out there.
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DSOGaming writes: "As we can clearly see, Resident Evil 6 is a DX9.0c game and does not support any DX10 or DX11 features. But why is this happening? After all, we all remember Capcom's previous games that featured support for the latest APIs. So what happened and the Japanese developer has dropped support for both DX10 and Dx11?"
I'll take quicker PC releases anytime over some DX11 features that were added just for the hell of it
so this is a console port with nothing added and well maybe use 2% of my total pc power sweet good ol capcom wait 6 months to release a game on pc with nothing updated graphics wise
lol since this is capcom can we expect DX11 in the form of DLC for extra $$$ lmao, and the dx11 dlc is already on the disk right lol watch it be true.
I did the test for the hell of it. I rocked it. That's not surprising considering any computer made in the past ten years could probably play it...
Something is wrong with this benchmark, or possibly older radeon cards in general.
ALL HIGH SETTINGS for whatever the 4870x2 supports on this engine; and VSYNC ON. i7 2600k at 4ghz, 16gb gskill at 1600, ssd 120gb vertex 3 in raid 0. dunno if its my hardware or what..
Using 4870x2, ran this benchmark for maybe 20 mins while AFK; came back to PC, check it out once through getting 60 fps for beginning of part, first 45-60 secs in...
I was AFK for remainder of benchmark, come back and I am pretty much now at 26-30.
Go to settings, change to 1280x800 (somer andom res, in FULLscreen) res, changed ALL settings to LOW..
the FPS STILL SAID THE SAME 24-30fps and WAS UNPLAYABLE and was the same FPS as after I came back from being AFK. remember: it was 60FPS strong, looked great before I left for begining of benchmark 30+ secs in.
If you understand my story here you'll understand something is wrong with this engine and/or radeon cards with it since there is some kind of a FPS lock or engine just becomes unstable or something else???


text: In May, after her solo in the High School Musical tour in Argentina, Ashley Tisdale gasped for air: "I started hyperventilating." Given oxygen by a tour doctor, she finished the show. But it was a wake-up call. "For years I've had a deviated septum," a condition in which the cartilage separating the nostrils blocks an airway. Tisdale, 22, saw Beverly Hills plastic surgeon Raj Kanodia, whose clients include Jennifer Aniston and Ashlee Simpson. On Nov. 30 Kanodia fixed her septum and nasal bones that had been fractured in a 2001 car accident and, later, a dancing mishap. Admitting that "I was about to back out," Tisdale clutched a stuffed Happy Feet penguin in the operating room. After five hours she was done (doctors bandaged the penguin's beak, too). Having surgery, says Tisdale, who showed off her new profile Dec. 15 in New York City, "is scary and hurts. People take it so lightly, especially in Hollywood." Later in the week she canceled shows and wrote on her Web site, "I'm so sorry … I haven't fully recovered." But she is happy with the change. "It's still me."


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If you have questions, please contact the SEA office, (713) 348-8233.


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Prompted 365: October
- On 19 March 2012
- By Alyssa
- In Prompted 365 (2011)
- 4
2 October: Guilty Pleasure
This is what happens when I leave bread out. Leonardo eats through the plastic to get just a few bites.
3 October: Faded
4 October: Down
5 October: Brown
I bought that bag for the trip we took to Vegas!
6 October: Creation
7 October: Purity
9 October: Hair
13 October: Problem
I can't recall why I decided to take this picture for the day's prompt…
14 October: Fantasy
16 October: Smart
Hiking in Las Vegas (more of that here). Smart footwear!
17 October: Give Up
This happened twice! You can see the rest of my Vegas photos at my Travel tag.
20 October: Wish
The Rangers were in the World Series! But yet again they were #2.
21 October: Mask
I had this mask after for a skit I did for a class. Creepy, isn't it?
22 October: Forgetful
I memorize kanji well enough for quizzes, but after that I just can't hold onto it.
23 October: Insanity
You know things that you really shouldn't like but still do? These grocery store cookies are horrible, but I somehow can't help but love them.
24 October: Vacation
Back from Las Vegas but still behind on laundry.
28 October: Progress
Our house is a constant work in progress. These branches in the vase are a new addition!
29 October: Fashion
30 October: Stamp
Prompted 365: Days 241-273
- On 5 February 2012
- By Alyssa
- In Prompted 365 (2011)
- 3
I fell way behind on my 365 project, but I did manage it finish right on time–December 31! Unfortunately, In the Wabe hasn't been caught up. I don't want to leave the project half-finished here, but I also don't want to bore you with every picture, so from now on I'll post my favorites from each month only. You will only have to deal with three more of these posts! Thanks everyone for sticking with me over this long year.
29 August: Mirror
30 August: Close
It actually was not a close game at all. Every time I have seen the Rangers they have been truly awful.
31 August: Art
My friend Asma is a beautiful work of art~ :)
2 September: Library
4 September: Note
Found this in my wallet!
8 September: Falling
I completely fall into every new project I take on, especially when it comes to embroidery.
9 September: Favorite
There is no denying it. Leonardo will always chose me over anyone else.
13 September: Reality
There's no repairing my skin's years of sun damage. I've thankfully now learned the importance of SPF 85.
15 September: Dull
17 September: "An unexamined life is not worth living."
19 September: Missing
26 September: Circle
30 September: Sensitive
Leonardo is pretty calm, as long as you don't even think about touching his tail.
Prompted 365: Days 223-238
- On 3 December 2011
- By Alyssa
- In Prompted 365 (2011)
- 6
I have really let this project slide, both here at Wobby and on Flickr. I took a hiatus (or two) because my schedule became really demanding both mentally and physically. This 365 is so much more difficult than I ever imagined. I've come out with some photos that I really like, but interpreting prompts, finding time (and light) to take a photo, working towards a good photo, and editing takes a lot out of me. I am exhausted.
But December 31 marks the end! Overall I'm grateful I did this project, but I am more than ready for it to be over. I'd rather transfer that energy to projects I can stay excited about; forcing myself to take a photo every day made me kind of resent picking up my camera at all. That definitely wasn't what I was looking for when beginning this, but I'll be proud of myself when it's over and excited to expand my photography in another way.
I am trying to go out on a positive note so need to share my photos with you again. I will be jumping around and showing you only my favorites rather than every image, so I should be able to catch up pretty quickly.
11 August: Stretch
15 August: Beautiful
Working in my favorite shopping center is not good for my wallet. I had an early lunch and wasn't hungry so headed to Banana Republic to check out their new Mad Men line. I fell in love and returned to my shift with beautiful white lace and an empty stomach.
16 August: Stripes
17 August: Open
Joseph refuses to open these! He interrupted me in the shower so that I could open this while he hid in another room.
18 August: Waiting
I waited and searched and waited for months until finding the perfect chair for my office.
20 August: Tea
21 August: Foreign
My Italian kitty! He even has a little passport.
23 August: Cozy
Leonardo loves the new chair as well.
24 August: Nest
26 August: Layers
Prompted 365: Days 213-222
- On 8 September 2011
- By Alyssa
- In Prompted 365 (2011)
- 7
I'm struggling with my school and work schedules, so I apologize my blog has fallen behind! I need to habitually set aside time for my dear Wobby.
I've been falling behind on my Prompted 365 project for a couple months, and I have to admit recently hardly any of my photos have been taken on the actual day they were supposed to! I just can't find the time, but I'm committed to this project and won't be giving it up this so along.
1 August: Money
2 August: Permanent
Some little bird deemed our tree worthy for their nest! I am strangely honored.
3 August: Familiar
Our buddy Lazar Wolf a few new decorations in his home, including a waterfall and fake plants (he moved the purple one himself, which is why you can see the weight sticking out of the gravel).
4 August: End
5 August: Sharp
6 August: Far
My new planner traveled all the way from South Korea!
8 August: Soft
9 August: Clean
A few new bowls, straight from the dishwasher. I picked these up at Anthropologie for less than $4 and really love them! They're the perfect size for snacks and fit perfectly into my mismatched cupboard (I have a penchant for dishes).
10 August: Key
Prompted 365: Days 202-211
- On 21 August 2011
- By Alyssa
- In Prompted 365 (2011)
- 5
21 July: Sunlight
23 July: Annoying
I at first wasn't sure how to feel about my birthday falling on the prompt "annoying." Is that a serendipitous hit on my personality? I realized shortly, though, that it's pretty fitting. I am incredibly annoying on my birthday. I use my "Birthday Week" to get out of doing anything I don't want and also celebrate my Birthday Eve and Birthday Boxing Day. I don't think it's as self-centered as I make it sound here–I wish everyone would celebrate their birthdays just as much! It's a fun day.
Oh and the gifts featured above, because I know you're curious: an ice cream maker attachment for my KitchenAid stand mixer, a Ben and Jerry's ice cream recipe book, and diamond earrings (disguised in the large central box). And yes, that's Leonardo you spot in the back eyeing my presents.
25 July: Forever
I go through phases of wearing my grandmother's old wedding ring. It pains me to see a symbol of so many happy years of marriage hidden in a closet, so I pull it out. The ring is a size 4 and doesn't fit anyone else I know, so my grandmother gave it to me when I got married. It has no use for her since she's remarried, so I consider it my duty to keep it alive.
26 July: Spiral
27 July: "Can you hear me?"
The universe makes me so small.
29 July: Robot
Magical, wonderful machine.
30 July: Fur
I like that this week's pictures features gifts from each of my grandmothers: this vintage coat was given to me many years ago by my paternal grandmother.
31 July: Yellow
I haven't mentioned my Anthropologie obsession here. It's bad.
My favorite photo from this week was "sunlight." What about yours?


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Client: Book Blab Blog Release Date: December 2009 Website: Book Blab … [Read more...]
November Freebie – Blogger 3 column background
Not quite ready to give in to the Fall look yet? Here's a fresh, citrus floral that would look terrific on your three column blogger blog! Click the image for a larger preview: … [Read more...]
It's 4 The Kids
I had been following the blog crumbs of Michelle Kemper Brownlow on her personal blog, My Semblance of Sanity,(an amazingly talented artist who has a passion for cancer kids) for the last few months … [Read more...]


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My Nonprofit Reviews
Review for Mercy Care, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA
As a not for profit, Mercy Care provides quality care to the entire community they serve. There are numerous services (unrelated to hospice) that reach into the community. Providing grief counseling care for children that have suffered a loss within the community schools that may otherwise go overlooked. These children also receive special attention through Mercy's "HAPPY HEARTS" day camp. Another area that Mercy addresses is the needs that community veterans may face. the MERCY HONORS program provides a simple, yet poigiant, "thank you" to the veteran through a special pinning (plus personalized certificate). Last year alone, Mercy honored over 300 veterans and many found healing through this program. Mercy has also reached out to numerous patients to help with psychosocial / financial needs at a critical time of their life. Mercy is about experiencing life rather than focusing upon death. This brings comfort to patient and family alike.
More Feedback
I've personally experienced the results of this organization in...
Participated in the Mercy HONORS program and touched the lives of many veterans.
If I had to make changes to this organization, I would...
Help more children with their grief and honor more vets.