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15 Tourmaline Street, Chula Vista CA, 91911 (Residential)
Sold Price:
3 beds , 2 Full baths
1,352 sqft
Status: Sold
Last Updated: 11/20/2017 6:49 PM
Description for 15 Tourmaline Street Chula Vista, CA 91911
3 Bedroom plus Den home with 2 Bathrooms. Large backyard with concrete patio
Sold Price:
Sold Date:10/25/2016
San Diego
2 Full
1,352 (approx)
3 Bedroom plus Den home with 2 Bathrooms. Large backyard with concrete patio
Listing Information
School Information
Room Information
Interior Features
No Fireplace
Exterior / Lot Features
2 Garage Spaces, 2 Parking Spaces
No Pool
Street Lights, Curbs Walk
Driving Directions
Hilltop and Tourmaline Street
Financial Considerations
Listing Price History
Chula Vista Real Estate
Chula Vista is located in California. Chula Vista, California 91911 has a population of 265,757.
The median household income in Chula Vista, California 91911 is $66,110. The median household income for the surrounding county is $63,996 compared to the national median of $53,482. The median age of people living in Chula Vista 91911 is 33.8 years.
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June Lyons, the former FBI agent turned small-town cop introduced in the acclaimed Ice Shear, must solve two connected cases whose roots stretch back decades in time - and dangerously touch the lives of those closest to her.
As a police officer in the Rust Belt town of Hopewell Falls, New York, June Lyons keeps an eye on the abandoned factories that line the Mohawk River. Spotting a slick of gasoline running across the parking lot of an old apparel factory, she quickly heads inside the building, where she discovers an unconscious woman too close to the flame. The fire destroys the building down to its subbasements, and the badly burned woman June rescued is in a coma. No one knows who she is or how she got there.
Thirty years ago June's father made a name for himself when he arrested the factory's owner, Bernie Lawler, for killing his wife and child, though their bodies were never found. Sifting through the factory's ruins, June and her partner, Dave Batko, discover a woman's body sealed in a barrel. Surely it's Luisa Lawler, and the case file can be closed. But the body isn't Bernie's wife - it's Dave's mother, a troubled party girl who disappeared when Dave was young.
As June and her neighbors discover, beneath Hopewell Falls' charming façade lie some unbearably ugly truths - secrets that are only beginning to surface. With the case growing more complex, she teams with FBI Special Agent Hale Bascom to find answers - before everyone she loves and the town itself spin dangerously out of control.
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Terrific read; kept me guessing!
- Drew
- Karen Young

subset: commoncrawl


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Aspect-Oriented Reengineering of an Object-Oriented Library in a Short Iteration Agile Process
Aspect-oriented re-engineering aims to modularize crosscutting concerns in an existing system using a new abstraction called an aspect. Code concerns may be tangled and scattered throughout an existing code base thus hampering maintenance. This paper describes the re-engineering of an object-oriented software library called GEF using aspect-oriented techniques as an integral activity in an agile process. Graph Editing Framework (GEF) is a medium-sized open source Java library for the construction of graph editing applications. The authors evaluated both the original and re-engineered code by applying a set of appropriate software metrics to measure to what extent aspect-oriented refactoring affected modularity attributes such as coupling, cohesion and complexity.


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The liquidity at the Bucharest Stock Exchange rose to 33.4 million lei (€8.13 million), from 25.32 million lei (€6.17 million) yesterday.
BET index that gauges the performance of the ten most actively traded stocks at BSE closed up 0.22% to 5,467.60 points, while composite BET-C grew 0.41% to 3,133.19 points.
BET-FI index of the five financial investment companies (BSE:SIF) grew by as little as 0.10% and closed at 28,974.68 points, while Vienna's ROTX rose 0.16% to 10,827.46 points.
BET-XT index of the 25 most traded stocks finished up 0.26% to 533.99 points, while BET-NG gauge of ten energy stocks grew 0.13% to 742.29 points.
Rompetrol Rafinare (BSE:RRC) shares have been the most traded stocks today, with 16.21 million lei liquidity. RRC stock prices fell 0.67% to 0.0744 lei.
Petrom (BSE:SNP) scored the second highest liquidity, of 2.46 million lei, while stock prices moved 0.71% lower to 0.2820 lei.
FIC Moldova (BSE:SIF2) fell 0.72% to 1.37 lei, while FIC Oltenia (BSE:SIF5) closed 0.63% lower to 1.57lei.
Inregistreaza-te pe Wall-Street sau conecteaza-te prin Facebook pentru a primi periodic articole similare.
In lipsa unui acord scris din partea InternetCorp, puteti prelua maxim 500 de caractere din acest articol daca precizati sursa si daca inserati vizibil linkul articolului BSE stocks close up 0.40%.


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Seafood Department
this page Ferraro's receives daily deliveries of every kind of fresh seafood imaginable. From scallops to steamers, salmon to swordfish. If it's running, we have it. Let's not forget our prepared seafood items. Stuffed clams, scallops, and shrimp, fried original and coconut shrimp. The list goes on and on!
Grill Case
http://www.cu.edu.lr/?iyr23=trading-binario-60-secondi&7df=9f It changes with the season but you can always count on finding something tempting and delicious. For those of you that do not have the time to prepare from scratch but still enjoy the taste of freshly cooked food, we have selections such as: Stuffed artichokes, gourmet Black Angus meatballs, a variety of stir fries, stuffed pinwheel steaks, and stuffed portabella mushrooms. We will serve you any quantity you'd like or just grab and go from the case if you are short on time.
Cooked Foods
Order 20 MG Tastylia Tadalafil Oral Strips Online Running late? No time to cook? No problem. Let Ferraro's take care of it for you with a selection from our full line of prepared foods. Meatballs, Lasagna, breaded chicken cutlets, broccoli rabe & sausage, frittatas, the list goes on and on. You can always count on something new and exciting.
Deli Department
http://ces.fi/?piskodrom=bin%C3%A4re-optionen-anyoption&003=c6 No one sells more lunch meats and cheeses than Ferraro's. Of course we also provide all your standard deli items in addition to seasonal salads, many varieties of olives, pepperoni sticks, dry sausages, fresh Liuzzi mozzarella, etc. The variety and prices are unbeatable.
Cheese Case
source site We tucked our cheese case into one of the corners of the store, because we wanted to give you a lot of time and space to browse. You're going to need it! Endless selections of bar cheeses, bries, crumbled gorgonzola, blue and feta cheeses, spreads and cheese logs. A bottle of wine, box of crackers and your on your way.
Gourmet and Specialty Items
http://riverstonedesigns.com/?pivb44=pubblicita-tv-opzioni-digitali&ae7=60 We utilized every square inch of our store to provide you with all of your basic grocery needs but then we kicked it up a few notches and gave you gourmet and specialty items, you can't imagine!
go to site Our store provides you with varieties of both cooked and prepared foods, seafood, cuts of meats and chicken selections unparalleled in our industry.
Produce Department
No need to describe this department. If it's a produce item, we have it. From endless greens and grapes, to celery, cucumbers, cabbage…
Produce continued
…to potatoes, pineapples, and plantains. Also a full line of Spanish roots. It goes on and on.
Produce continued
Of course we can't forget to mention our packaged fruits and vegetables. It allows us to give you more for less. Isn't that what every shopper is looking for?
Frozen Foods
In one corner you'll find ice cream, frozen pasta, breakfast items, banquet dinners…
Frozen Food continued
…and in the center of the store you'll find an abundance of French Fries, Brown-N-Serves, Frozen Vegetables, Turkey and Veggie burgers, if you want it we have it.
Prepared foods
Our best kept secret. It's such a great case with so many wonderful selections that we moved it to the front of the store so it won't be missed. Soups, sauces, appetizers, entrees, all cooked and waiting for you to Heat, Eat, and Please. Once you try one of our sauces, you won't bother to make your own anymore. Grab a package of Ferraro's own fresh store-made pasta and your good to go. Did I forget to mention our grinders, wraps, and salads, prepared fresh each day, ready for you to grab and go?
Grocery Department
Of course we are a grocery store, so we handle all of your basic grocery needs.
Looking for a quick meal? Check out our selections of cutlets, stir-fries, kabobs, boned extra lean beef, pork, chicken, and turkey. Top that off with a huge selection of oven ready stuffed meats. Everything from, Italiano stuffed pot roast to Florentine stuffed chicken. Love Pork? We do too, and we know how to prove it, just take a look.
Chicken and Pork
In the mood for some fresh chicken, look no further. We dare you to compare our prices and selection with anybody. But don't stop there. Ferraro's proudly boasts the area's largest selection of fresh pork; hams, shoulders, butts, skins, feet, bones, ears, tails, and the list goes on and on.
Where's' the beef? It's all right here at Ferraro's. Ferraro's is proud to say we have the largest selection of fresh USDA inspected beef, bar none. We handle everything from soup shanks to the finest cuts of prime rib and beef tenderloins around. Remember when it comes to beef, whatever you desire, we have it!
Wow, over ten different kinds of fresh made sausages! Did you know Ferraro's is one of the last places around that grinds every pound of ground meat we sell? Everything from ground turkey and veal, to chicken, and of course the best ground beef you've tasted in a long time. You can't get any fresher than that!


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Will Rob Ford Give "Crack Heads" a Better Name?
If there's a white-powdered lining to news that the mayor of the fourth-largest city in North America has a substance abuse problem, it's the opportunity to re-visit dangerous stereotypes about people who smoke crack. You've probably called them "crackheads" or "crack whores." You've probably used the word "crack baby." I probably have too without blinking. Why are we so comfortable using crack users as a verbal punching bag? The reason has roots in racism; Society didn't, and often still doesn't, respect the poor black people who are most associated with the drug.


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Astro-Zombies M3: Cloned Trailer (2010)
"Demented mutants return with one objective in mind: Kill, kill, kill." 19 June 2010 105 mins
An ultra-secret government weapons project is headed up by a mad scientist's grand-daughter. Her mission: recreate the demented killing machines known as Astro Zombies. It doesn't take long before the deadly mutant clones escape from Area 51 and all hell breaks loose! Elite teams of Men In Black attempt extreme damage control measures, while government officials, master criminals, and the famed Doll Squad spring into action -- creating a mess of epic proportions!
Watch the official Astro-Zombies M3: Cloned 2010 trailer in HD below or find more Astro-Zombies M3: Cloned videos on Vidimovie.


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Comfortable and warm, just the type of boot kids need to enjoy the full winter day. And not to forget, the optional BUGweb, which is what the kids might need to enjoy winter in a safer way!One pair of BUGweb are included.
Find your size using this guide
The high cut and lofty fleece insulation will keep the feet warm. The 100% waterproof and breathable GORE-TEX® membrane ensures that feet always stay dry and comfortable. Double Velcro adjustment that is easy to operate allows for a wide opening and makes Myoko easy to get on and off. Rubber outsole where the deep lug pattern is compatible with the Icebug BUGweb, a six stud optional traction device. Myoko is the reliable winter option for kids that wants to spend the days outside, regardless of the conditions.
-20°C comfort zone
Upper: Suede / Ripstop / TPU / GORE-TEX® membrane
Lining: GTX insulated: Knitting pile, polyester, wool (20%)
Insock: Functional velour polyester
Midsole: Molded EVA
Outsole: Rubber with removable BUGweb®, 6 studs
Size: EUR 28-36


text: I found and older thread on this subject but it took some searching so wanted to "refresh" the post with more key words. My Z4 starting maing a noise which was caused by the idler drive pulley and belt bouncing aka vibrating. Made the whole unit vibrate and the engine look like it was vibrating. In an earlier post it was mentioned this could be one of several things including an idler pulley that was not rotating freely on its bearing and not getting proper tension, or else a small object like a rock or twig lodged on the v of one of the drive pulley's. So I tokk the belt off and discovered the core of a pine cone lodged in the v of the left drive pump pulley. Easy to fix and now my brother in law thinks I am a genius. Thanks again for a great forum


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Cervical Cyst Removal
HM Hospitales is a hospital group with six private hospitals in Madrid: three general hospitals, a cardiovascular hospital, an oncological center and a women's health hospital.
upon request
Sanitas is a hospital group in Spain with two major facilities in Madrid that accommodates all medical specialties.
Obstetrics-Gynecology Specialist
The Ruber International Hospital is designed as a "whole hospital". thus achieving maximum efficiency in the organization and development of the various medical, welfare, educational and research activities.
Each of the participating services is composed of renowned professionals who work together in the area of deliveries, which have the necessary technology to provide maximum safety as well as specialized and close care both to the newborn to the mother.
An ISO certified modern private hospital, which was opened in 2006, and is part of the Quirón Hospital Group. This tertiary care hospital 400 has certified physicians from all medical specialties capable of treating the most complicated medical cases.
Head of Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology
The Hospital has all the medical-surgical specialties, both children and adults. With approximately 200 beds divided into adult ICUs, pediatric and neonatal ICUs, general and cardiology facilities with single rooms, adult and pediatric day hospitals, adult and pediatric
A modern (opened in 2007), general, private hospital located in Madrid, part of the NISA group of hospitals. The international patients department can assist patients with accomodation and trasportation, and can communicate in English as well as in Spanish.
This information is intended for general information only and should not be considered as medical advice on the part of Health-Tourism.com. Any decision on medical treatments, after-care or recovery should be done solely upon proper consultation and advice of a qualified physician.
What is Cervical Cyst Removal?
Cervical cyst removal is the procedure by which a mucus-filled cervical cyst is removed from the surface of the cervix.
How is a Cervical Cyst Removed?
A cervical cyst may be removed using a colposcopy procedure. This is a procedure similar to the Pap smear procedure that is used to remove cervical polyps. In a colposcopy to remove a cervical cyst, magnifying equipment is used to maximize the view. The patient needs to lie down in the dorsal lithotomy position. A speculum is put in the vagina, and acetic acid is applied to the cervix.
The cyst may be removed by using electrocutery and cryofreezing. However, new cysts may still appear after the procedure.
How to Prepare for the Procedure
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The feast of the Immaculate Conception is on Dec. 8th - nine months before Our Lady's Birthday (Sept 8th). This is a celebration of the day God created Mary's Immaculate Soul!Our Lady of Lourdes introduced herself to Bernadette as "The Immaculate Conception", but what does "The Immaculate Conception" mean?
It means that Mary NEVER had a sin on her soul. It means that when St. Anne conceived Mary, she was created without the stain of original sin on her soul. God prepared Mary's soul to be worthy of being the Mother of God. Mary, the Immaculate Conception, is often called the "New Eve", because she was created without sin just as Eve was. But unlike Eve, Mary was willing to follow and trust God throughout her life. Sadly, Eve choose to sin later in life. Because Mary chose to never sin, Jesus was able to be born and later died to save us from our sins! Because "The Immaculate Conception" chose to remain sinless and because she said "Yes" to God, we are all able to enter heaven!
Here is a liturgical ornament for the feast of the Immaculate Conception. It depicts St. Anne pregnant with Mary. Mary is symbolized through her Immaculate Heart.
To make this you will need:
- pink felt
- light blue felt
- black felt
- red felt
- yellow felt
- white felt
- tan or peach felt
- gray felt
- orange fine-point permanent marker
- yellow fine-point permanent marker
- scissors (these kind work well)
- glue (hot glue, felt glue, or tacky glue - like this or this)
- thread and needle for the looped hanger
First, cut out the parts like those above. You can add the orange marker outline to the halo now if you wish. Note: St. Anne's hands are missing from the above picture.
Glue down St. Anne's body. Don't glue the top part of her body till you have added her arms in the proper spot. Glue down the arms and then finish gluing the upper part of her body.Add her hands to the arms.
Now add her halo and then her head.
Next add her gray hair.
Now, add her "belly" and veil.
Now, add the Immaculate Heart of Mary to her belly.
If you haven't already added the marked parts, do that now. Add orange to the halo. We also added a few yellow dots to the flowers on the Immaculate Heart. These are hard to see in the picture, and this step is not necessary.
Finally, cut off the extra background and add the threaded loop to the top so it can be hung up.
There you have it! :-)
Our Lady Immaculate, pray for us.
May God bless you all with His joy.
~Jennifer and Elizabeth
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Reality Check: When Famous People Die
For some strange reason it seems that whenever a well known person dies it tends to get our attention and makes us think about the afterlife a little more than we usually do. If we read the newspaper or watch the evening news we will often be given a chronology of that persons life. If a person was a movie star, the media will talk about their greatest movies and then go on to rehash the intimate details of that persons life. If a person was a famous athlete, all of the statistics of that persons career will be given for people to remember. If a person was a rock star the public will be given the list of their greatest hits, and how many millions of albums were sold over the years.
Often the writers will go on to say that this famous person is now at peace and in Heaven. Sometimes the newspaper cartoonist will have a cartoon with a sketch of that famous person sitting in the clouds with other famous faces from that same field of business. If they were a movie star they will show that person with other famous movie stars of the past who have died. If they were a famous rock star they will tell you that this famous rock star is now "jamming with the music greats in Heaven" who passed on before them. If the famous person was a baseball player then perhaps they might show a cartoon illustration of that person sliding into a homeplate in Heaven, with the umpire giving the "safe at home" sign, while other famous baseball greats from the past look on. This all sounds so wonderful and nice, and it will surely evoke many heartfelt and emotional memories, but the question that must be asked is this:
Does Everybody Go to Heaven After They Die?
Does Anybody Ever End Up In Hell?
Should we listen to, and believe what the media tells us, or should we look to the Word of God (Bible) for the answer to that question? I choose to believe the Bible and more specifically, the words of the Lord Jesus Christ.
Enter ye in at the strait gate: for WIDE is the gate, and BROAD is the way, that leadeth to DESTRUCTION, and MANY there be which go in thereat: Because strait is the gate, and NARROW is the way, which leadeth unto LIFE, and FEW there be that find it. (Matthew 7:13-14)
Here the Lord is talking about the way of eternal life, which ultimately takes a person to Heaven. The Lord Jesus Christ tells us that there are only a few who find it, and not the majority as most people would probably say today. Many people believe that only hard core murderers and others like them end up in Hell but that is not true. The Bible tells us this about the human heart:
The HEART is DECEITFUL above all things, and desperately WICKED: who can know it? (Jeremiah 17:9)
The Bible tells us that each and every one of us has come short of the glory of God.
"For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;" (Romans 3:23)
Each and every on of us is spiritually DEAD in our own sins, UNTIL we accept the eternal life which is found in Jesus Christ alone.
"For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord." (Romans 6:23)
Jesus Christ made it clear that a person who did not believe in Him would simply die in their own sins. That is an absolutely horrible thought!
"And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world. I said therefore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins: for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins. " (John 8:23-24)
Jesus Christ also said this:
" He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. " (John 3:18-19)
Billions in the world today have no idea that the wrath of God is already resting upon them without the free gift of salvation which God offers to all.
"He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him." (John 3:36)
There is a natural human tendency for us to see ourselves as basically "good people" but a fair reading of the Bible will show us the exact opposite. If we examine ourselves using the murderers as the standard then we may not look that bad, but if we let the Word of God examine our hearts then there is not a one of us who will come out "looking good." The Bible even says this about people who are Christians regarding their former past:
And you hath he quickened (made alive), who were DEAD in trespasses and sins; Wherein IN TIME PAST ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience: Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were BY NATURE the CHILDREN of WRATH, even AS OTHERS. (Ephesians 2:1-3)
Do you see that? The Bible tells us that we as believers in Jesus Christ were "by nature children of wrath even as others." The only thing that a Christian has to boast about is the mercy and grace that Jesus Christ has shown them. God's Word tells me that I was a child of wrath by my own very nature! I deserved nothing but the lowest part of Hell and it was only the LORD who showed me that. Not only that but the Bible tells us in that passage of scripture that we used to walk in the same way of "disobedience" as "others" which means that the "others" are still walking that way and therefore they are at present still "children of wrath."
The Lord Jesus Christ spoke often about Hell and He told the story of a rich man who went to Hell and could not get out. In that passage of scripture the man spoke with Abraham and begged him for water:
And he cried and said, FATHER ABRAHAM, have MERCY on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in WATER, and COOL my tongue; for I am TORMENTED in this flame. But ABRAHAM said, Son, remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things: but NOW he is COMFORTED, and THOU art TORMENTED. And beside all this, between us and you there is a GREAT GULF FIXED: so that they which would pass from hence to you CANNOT; neither can they pass to us, that would come from thence. (Luke 16:24-26)
We can see from this passage of scripture that a person is conscious in Hell and they are most definitely in pain. The one telling this is Jesus Christ, the creator of Heaven and Earth and the most compassionate person to ever walk this Earth. I encourage you to read the whole account in Luke 16:19-31 to get a clearer picture of what a person can expect if they die without Jesus Christ. Satan is the arch-enemy of your soul. He is working 24/7 to keep your mind blinded to the truth about the salvation in Jesus Christ alone. Satan is also known as the "god of this world" and he would love keep you on his demonic treadmill until the last breath leaves your body.
"But if our gospel be hid, it is hid to them that are lost: In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them." (2 Corinthians 4:3-4)
The "gospel of Christ" is shining unto you right now through the words on this page, and if you do not know the Lord, the Devil is probably reminding you of a hundred different things that you need to do, before you take the time to get right with God. Countless billions have been presented with the same truths that you are reading here right now, but the majority of them listened to them, ignored them, and then moved on with their lives in this temporary world. I remind you that these are not my opinions but they are the words of my Creator, my Lord, and my Savior, Jesus Christ. The apostle Paul, who was a former persecutor and murderer of Christians, wrote these words:
But GOD commendeth his LOVE toward us, in that, while WE were yet SINNERS, Christ DIED for US. Much more then, being NOW JUSTIFIED by HIS BLOOD, we shall be SAVED from WRATH through HIM. For if, when we were enemies, we were RECONCILED to GOD by the DEATH of his SON, much more, being RECONCILED, we shall be SAVED by his life. (Romans 5:8-10)


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Posted March 15th, 2014, 06:18 PM
Last edited by LauraS; March 17th, 2014 at 11:38 AM
Join Cruise Critic Live! on a special date – Wednesday, March 19 – at 4 p.m. Eastern (which translates to 7 p.m. in the UK, very very early Thursday in Sydney, and noon on America's West Coast) as we chat with Viking River Cruises' Joost Ouendag.
The topic? Choosing the perfect river cruise.
As Viking's vice president of product marketing, the Netherlands-born Joost (pronounced Yost) is responsible for planning new itineraries and creating ever more innovative shore outings for existing trips. He's a great resource for all river cruising questions: The overall experience, ports of call or information about shipboard features and amenities while traveling in Europe, Russia and Asia.
I'll be hosting the event (hope some of our community experts will swing by to share their insights, as well). Joost and I will be "chatting" from one of Viking River's Longships while on the line's maiden Bordeaux voyage.
Regardless of which river line you've cruised on (or are considering), do stop by and ask questions.
Can't make the chat on Wednesday, March 19 at 4 p.m.? Please feel free to submit questions ahead of time and we'll make sure to get your answers. The chat will be archived, and available, after it winds up.
The link (you can ask questions before, access via this link during the chat, and read the transcript after) is here: http://live.cruisecritic.com/Event/C...t_river_cruise
Carolyn Spencer Brown
Editor in Chief
Cruise Critic


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EBSCO Masterworks
Brahms' Violin Concerto
Carlos Izcaray, Conductor
Arnaud Sussmann, Violin
March 3 & 4,
Alys Stephens Center | Jemison Concert Hall | Map & Directions
HAYDN: Symphony No. 102 in B-flat
BRITTEN: "Four Sea Interludes" from Peter Grimes
BRAHMS: Violin Concerto
The awe-inspiring Arnaud Sussmann performs Brahms' only concerto for violin–a work as technically demanding as it is hauntingly beautiful. Haydn's joyous Symphony No. 102, which brought down the chandelier at its premiere, opens the concert.
Gain insight into the works you're about to hear by joining us at 7pm for Concert Comments in the Reynolds-Kirschbaum Recital Hall. Free.


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Little is known about the effects of weight loss on diastolic function. Furthermore, it is not known whether both caloric restriction (CR)- and exercise (Ex)-induced weight loss have salutary effects on diastolic function. Therefore, we assessed the effects of yearlong CR (n = 12) and Ex (n = 13) interventions, which induced ∼12% weight loss, on diastolic function in healthy, nonobese (body mass index = 23.5–29.9 kg/m2) men and women aged 50 to 60 yr. Recordings of Doppler transmitral flow and Doppler tissue imaging were acquired and analyzed by conventional approaches and a validated parameterized diastolic filling (PDF) formalism. Isovolumic relaxation time decreased after weight loss in both groups (P < 0.05). Septal peak early mitral annular velocity (E′) increased (P < 0.01) and peak E-wave velocity/E′ decreased (P < 0.05) after weight loss in the CR group. Based on the PDF-derived indexes, CR resulted in a decrease in global ventricular stiffness (k) and increases in longitudinal (septal annulus motion) stored elastic strain (x′o), peak force (k′x′o), and peak stored strain energy (1/2k′xoprime;2). In the Ex group, k was unchanged, although septal x′o and 1/2k′xo′2 increased significantly and k′x′o (P = 0.13) tended to increase. We conclude that weight loss, whether induced by CR or Ex, has salutary effects on diastolic function.
- diet
- echocardiography
- tissue Doppler imaging
- diastole
several studies have shown that body weight has an effect on diastolic function (1, 16, 31, 32). In particular, obesity has been demonstrated to have adverse effects on diastolic function independent of comorbidities and other physiological and demographic characteristics (32). Substantial weight loss in morbidly obese subjects, induced by gastric bypass, has been reported to improve diastolic function (1, 31). However, it is not known whether moderate weight loss improves diastolic function in individuals with high-normal or overweight body mass index (BMI). In addition, although the restriction of caloric intake and exercise (Ex) are commonly employed weight loss strategies, it is not known whether either or both of these weight loss interventions are effective for improving diastolic function. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine whether modest weight losses induced by caloric restriction (CR) and Ex have beneficial effects on diastolic function in asymptomatic, healthy, nonobese, middle-aged men and women. Since we intended to study the cardiac effects of CR and Ex rather than the effects of CR and Ex interventions on the general public (i.e., our interest was the efficacy rather than the effectiveness of CR and Ex), we excluded subjects who did not fit these criteria or did not comply with these interventions.
In this investigation, in addition to assessing left ventricular (LV) geometry and function via conventional echocardiographic methods, we analyzed LV diastolic function with an established model of LV filling and wall motion [known as the parameterized diastolic filling (PDF) formalism (14)] with validated clinical utility to better understand the physiological changes that affect filling as a result of weight loss. We hypothesized that diastolic function improves in response to moderate weight loss in healthy, nonobese men and women, regardless of whether weight loss is induced by CR or Ex. This study was part of a larger trial [comprehensive assessment of long-term effects of reducing intake of energy (CALERIE)] designed to study the feasibility of long-term CR in humans (20).
Forty-eight healthy men and women with an ejection fraction (EF) of >50% were recruited from the St. Louis metropolitan area and enrolled in the study. The subjects were 50 to 60 yr of age, had BMI values of 23.5–29.9 kg/m2, and were weight stable for at least 3 mo before enrollment. Exclusion criteria included 1) a history or clinical evidence of diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke, or lung disease; 2) a resting blood pressure (BP) over 170 mmHg systolic and/or 100 mmHg diastolic; 3) a recent history or evidence of malignancy; and 4) smoking. For at least 6 mo before baseline testing, all candidates were sedentary (defined as exercising less than 20 min per day or less than twice per week) and did not have changes in medications that would affect study outcomes. All women were postmenopausal.
Eligible study participants were randomly assigned to the CR, Ex, or a control group in a 2:2:1 ratio. Echocardiographic data were not collected from the control group participants; therefore, these subjects were not included in the analyses for the present report. Nineteen participants were enrolled in each intervention group (CR and Ex), and because one participant in each group dropped out before follow-up testing, 18 participants in each group successfully completed the study. Data from several of the subjects who completed the study were excluded from the analyses for the present report for the following reasons: 1) missing data (CR group, n = 2); 2) LV hypertrophy at baseline (CR group, n = 1); and 3) poor intervention compliance, as evidenced by little or no weight loss (<4.5% of initial body weight) by the end of the study (CR group, n = 3; and EX group, n = 5). Therefore, the analyses in the present report are based on 12 CR group participants (4 men and 8 women) and 13 Ex group participants (6 men and 7 women). Additional data were missing for some outcomes due to technical problems during sonography; the exact sample sizes for each outcome are indicated in the tables.
The study was approved by the Washington University School of Medicine Human Studies Committee and the General Clinical Research Center Scientific Advisory Committee. Written, informed consent was obtained from each participant before data acquisition.
CR intervention.
The objective in the CR intervention was to decrease the subjects′ energy intake by 16% during the first 3 mo and by 20% during the remaining 9 mo of the yearlong intervention. The CR group subjects met with dieticians on a weekly basis during which weights were measured and a consultation was provided to maximize compliance. As a general strategy for reducing energy intake, the participants were encouraged to reduce food portion sizes and to substitute foods with low energy density for those with high energy density.
CR intervention compliance has been reported in detail previously. However, in brief, energy intake decreased by 12%, as determined by doubly labeled water (with corrections for body composition changes) and by 15% according to 7-day food diaries (20). Physical activity energy expenditure did not change significantly according to 7-day physical activity recall questionnaires (−4%, nonsignificant) (29). Maximal oxygen uptake did not change when expressed relative to body weight (+4%, nonsignificant) but decreased by 7% when expressed in absolute terms (30).
Ex intervention.
The Ex intervention was designed to induce a similar energy deficit as would result from the CR intervention, but by increasing energy expenditure by 16% during the first 3 mo and by 20% during the remaining 9 mo while maintaining energy intake at baseline levels. Specific exercise energy expenditure goals were calculated as described previously (29) and given to the subjects during weekly meetings with exercise trainers. The subjects exercised in our facility or on their own while using wristwatch-type heart rate (HR) monitors (S610; Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland). These monitors stored exercise-specific data for HR, gross energy expenditure, exercise duration, and the number of exercise sessions performed. Data from the HR monitors were downloaded to a study computer on a weekly basis. On average, and as reported previously for a slightly larger sample that included noncompliant subjects (29), the participants exercised ∼6 days per wk for about 60 min per session at ∼70% of maximal HR while walking, performing elliptical machine exercise, cycling, and running.
Ex intervention compliance has been reported in detail previously. However, in brief, physical activity energy expenditure increased by 36% according to 7-day physical activity recall questionnaires (29), and maximal oxygen consumption increased by 28% when expressed relative to body weight or by 16% in absolute terms (30). Energy intake did not change (0% change) according to doubly labeled water (with corrections for body composition changes) and 7-day food diaries (+2%, nonsignificant) (20).
Body weight.
Fasted, gowned body weight was measured after the subject's first morning void. Height was measured using a wall-mounted stadiometer and was used along with body weight to calculate BMI.
Systolic and diastolic BP were measured with an oscillometric BP monitor (Dinamap Procare 200; GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI) with the subject in the supine position. In the CR group, BP was measured in the morning after a 12-h fast; in the Ex group, BP was measured at least 48 h after the last exercise session. A certified nurse measured the BP, and the measurement process was monitored regularly to ensure adherence to the protocol.
A standard two-dimensional Doppler echocardiographic examination was performed in accordance with American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) guidelines using a commercial echocardiographic imaging system (SONOS 5500; Hewlett-Packard, Andover, MA) equipped with a 3-MHz transducer (7). The participant was supine or in the left lateral position for the examination. Doppler transmitral flow velocity images (E-waves and A-waves) were acquired in the four-chamber view according to ASE criteria (7). LV annular velocities were recorded with pulsed-wave Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) (18). Annular velocities were recorded from the apical window with the Doppler sample volume placed at the septal and lateral aspects of the mitral annulus from the four-chamber view. Gain and filter settings were optimized to obtain the sharpest velocity profile without losing the low-velocity signals at a sweep rate of 100 mm/s. M-mode recordings were obtained at the near mid-LV level in accordance with ASE criteria (7). LV internal dimensions and wall thicknesses were measured using the Penn convention, and LV mass was calculated according to the cubic formula proposed by Devereux and Reichek (5). LV mass data are presented as LV mass index (LVMI; LVMI = LV mass/body surface area). End-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were calculated from end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters obtained from M-mode, respectively. All recordings were stored on a video home system (VHS) tape.
Doppler analysis.
For all subjects, three to five transmitral Doppler E- and A-wave images and DTI E′- and A′-wave images were selected, clipped, and converted to eight-bit grayscale images with Paint Shop Pro 7 (Jasc Software, Minnetonka, MN). These images were used to characterize global and longitudinal diastolic filling (DF) based on conventional and PDF-based analyses. The diastolic function indexes were determined from the average values obtained from the selected Doppler transmitral flow and DTI images.
Conventional echocardiographic indexes of diastolic function were measured from the transmitral Doppler E- and A-wave contours and included deceleration time (DT), peak E- and A-wave velocity (E and A, respectively), E/A, E-wave velocity-time integral (VTIE), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT). As is the custom, these parameters were all measured manually, with DT calculated using standard triangle approximation for E-wave shape (7). IVRT was measured on the Doppler tracing as the time between the closure of the aortic valve and the opening of the mitral valve as evidenced by the leading edge of the E-wave (7).
Conventional indexes of longitudinal diastolic function were derived from the DTI contours using the same analytical approach as described for the transmitral Doppler analysis. The calculated indexes included peak early and late mitral annular velocity (E′ and A′, respectively) and their ratio (E′/A′). Additionally, E/E′ was calculated as an index of LV filling pressure (9).
PDF-derived indexes of global diastolic function were assessed from the transmitral Doppler images. E-waves were fit by a blinded observer using model-based image processing according to the PDF formalism. Methodological details about the PDF formalism and its validity have been previously presented in depth (2, 8, 13a, 14, 21–23). In brief, the PDF formalism expresses the velocity contour of the E-wave in terms of the equation of motion of a damped simple harmonic oscillator released from rest at a given displacement via an inertial term, elastic (stiffness) term, and damping (relaxation/viscosity) term. In fitting the solution to the simple harmonic oscillator equation of motion to each E-wave contour, lumped parameters that quantify LV chamber stiffness (k), chamber relaxation/viscoelasticity (c), and stored elastic strain (xo) can be uniquely determined. Additional PDF-derived indexes include kxo, which reflects the peak force in the spring and corresponds to the peak atrioventricular pressure gradient that generates the E-wave (2, 14), and 1/2kxo2, which is the stored potential elastic energy capable of generating recoil (14). These parameters have well-established causality-based physiological analogs and have been shown to be more sensitive in characterizing diastolic function than conventional E- and A-wave-based indexes in a variety of clinical scenarios (13a, 21–23). Importantly, the PDF parameters should be viewed as direct measures of diastolic function like conventional Doppler indexes such as E and DT because they also characterize aspects of E-wave shape (although in different terms). For example, to the extent to which E-wave shape resembles a pure sine wave, the parameters xo and k denote the amplitude and frequency of the wave, respectively, whereas c quantifies the extent to which the E-wave deviates from a pure sine wave in terms of the asymmetry between its acceleration time and DT. Therefore, the PDF parameters and associated indexes are inherently shape based like conventional noninvasive diastolic function indexes but confer the additional advantage of describing LV filling mechanistically in terms of stiffness, relaxation/viscoelasticity, and stored elastic strain based on the suction pump behavior of the LV.
PDF-derived indexes of longitudinal DF were determined by using model-based image processing to fit the E′-waves from DTI of the lateral and septal aspects of the mitral annulus. The procedure used for analyzing the E′-waves was the same as that used for analyzing the pulsed-Doppler transmitral E-waves (23). The E′-wave analysis was used to generate the unique physiological parameters c′, k′, and x′o (PDF parameters denoted by primes denote DTI-derived parameters), which reflect the longitudinal damping constant (i.e., longitudinal relaxation/viscosity), spring constant (i.e., longitudinal stiffness), and stored longitudinal elastic strain before mitral valve opening, respectively. The PDF formalism fit to representative E- and E′-waves from a study participant is shown in Fig. 1.
Statistical analysis.
Data analyses were performed using mixed model repeated-measures ANOVA for variables that were measured at more than two time points (i.e., BMI, weight, fat percentage, fat mass, fat-free mass, and HR, all of which were measured at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo); Tukey tests were used for post hoc analyses. For all other variables, including the primary outcomes, the within-group, baseline-to-1-yr changes were analyzed with paired t-tests, except when the statistical assumptions were not valid; in these cases, Wilcoxon's signed rank tests were used. Between-group comparisons were made by using analyses of covariance with the 1-yr value as the dependent variable and the baseline value as a covariate. All data analyses were two tailed with significance accepted at P ≤ 0.05 and were performed with SAS software (version 9.1.3 for Linux; SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Data are displayed as means ± SD, and n represents the number of subjects.
Anthropometric data and clinical variables.
Anthropometric and clinical data are presented in Table 1. Body weight and BMI decreased in both groups, and these changes were not significantly different between the CR and Ex groups. Furthermore, although not presented here, we have previously reported that fat mass decreased significantly and similarly in the CR and Ex groups (20). Mean values for EF and LV mass were in the normal range for healthy middle-aged men and women and did not change in response to either intervention. Both systolic and diastolic BP decreased following weight loss in the CR group but were unchanged in the Ex group. These changes were also significant between groups. Resting HR tended to decrease in both groups; however, these changes were not significant. The resting HR changes in the CR and Ex groups were similar.
Diastolic function: global indexes.
Indexes of global diastolic function, as determined from transmitral Doppler flow recordings, are presented in Table 2. IVRT decreased similarly and significantly in both groups, whereas E, A, E/A, and DT remained unchanged in response to the interventions. Although neither intervention significantly altered VTIE, there was a weak tendency for an increase in the CR group, and this change was significantly different from that in the Ex group.
PDF-derived indexes of global diastolic function are also presented in Table 2. In the CR group, the stiffness constant, k, decreased significantly, and there were marginally significant decreases in the damping constant, c, and the peak atrioventricular pressure gradient, kxo. No such changes in these PDF-based indexes were seen in the Ex group. Stored elastic strain, xo, and strain energy at the onset of early filling, 1/2kxo2, did not change in either group. None of the changes in PDF-derived indexes differed between groups, and it is noteworthy that all of these significant and nonsignificant changes were in the same direction in both groups.
Diastolic function: longitudinal indexes.
The conventional and PDF-derived indexes of longitudinal diastolic function that were derived from the motion of the lateral and septal aspects of the mitral annulus are presented in Tables 3 and 4. None of the conventional or PDF-derived indexes of diastolic function that were determined from the lateral aspect of the annulus changed in either group, although x′o tended to increase in the CR group. In contrast, several longitudinal diastolic function indexes that were computed from the motion of the septal aspect of the mitral annulus improved significantly. In the CR group, E′ increased and the E-to-E′ ratio, a marker of LV stiffness, decreased. Furthermore, all of the septal PDF-derived indexes of diastolic function improved in the CR group. In the Ex group, none of the conventional diastolic function indexes that were derived from the motion of the septal annulus changed significantly, whereas two of the five PDF-based indexes improved significantly. None of the changes in diastolic function that were assessed using the septal annulus differed between the study groups, although the improvement in E′ tended to be greater in the CR group.
Morphology and systolic function.
Morphological measurements and indexes of systolic function are presented in Table 5. Septal wall thickness decreased slightly in the Ex group but was unchanged in the CR group. Furthermore, LV end-diastolic volume and stroke volume tended to increase in the Ex group but remained unchanged in the CR group. None of the other measures of LV morphology (end-diastolic diameter, end-systolic diameter, and posterior wall thickness) or systolic function (fractional shortening and end-systolic volume) changed in either group. None of the changes in LV morphology and systolic function was different between groups.
The primary finding of the present study is that LV diastolic function improves with modest weight loss over 12 mo in nonobese, middle-aged men and women without clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, these adaptations occurred in response to both CR- and Ex-induced weight loss, although the findings in the CR group tended to be more robust.
Others have also reported that LV diastolic function improves with weight loss (1, 10, 11, 27, 31). However, all of these studies were performed on morbidly obese subjects, and all except one (27) used gastric bypass or gastric banding to induce substantial weight loss. The improvements that were reported in these studies included an increase in peak E-wave velocity, a decrease in peak A-wave velocity, an increase in the E-to-A ratio, and a decrease in IVRT (1, 10, 11, 27, 31). Few studies could be found that used DTI to assess the effects of weight loss on diastolic function and none that used PDF-based analyses.
The PDF-based analyses that were performed in the present study provide additional measures of diastolic function but, more importantly, allow insight into the physiological adaptations that are responsible for the observed changes in diastolic function. In the CR group, in addition to the decrease in IVRT after weight loss, global stiffness (k) decreased significantly and there was a marginally significant decrease in global relaxation/viscoelasticity (c). Taken together, these findings suggest that CR-induced weight loss promotes a favorable remodeling of the myocardium and extracellular matrix with the effect of reducing viscous losses and increasing compliance during early filling. These results support the findings from a cross-sectional study (17) in which stiffness and damping decreased in very lean subjects who practiced long-term CR compared with control subjects with high-normal or overweight BMIs and also corroborate those from a study on rabbits, in which normal-weight control rabbits had greater diastolic compliance than rabbits that were made obese via a high-fat diet (3). The CR group in the present study also exhibited a marginally significant decrease in the global peak atrioventricular pressure gradient (kxo), which suggests that LV suction during early filling increased. This effect may be attributed to reduced viscous losses associated with diastolic recoil and would likely translate to lower left atrial pressure during ventricular diastole.
CR had no apparent effect on any of the longitudinal PDF-derived parameters that were determined from the motion of the lateral aspect of the mitral annulus. However, several changes were evident in the parameters derived from the motion of the septal annulus. Septal longitudinal elastic strain (x′o) and stored strain energy (1/2k′x′o2) increased significantly in the CR group, which suggests an increased longitudinal accommodation of the volume entering the LV during early filling (septal E′ also increased). Increases in septal longitudinal stiffness (k′) and stored longitudinal force (k′x′o) were also observed in the CR group. It is unclear why changes were found in septal DTI parameters but not the same lateral DTI parameters. Kasner et al. (12) reported a discrepancy between lateral and septal DTI indexes in subjects with heart failure (in the presence of a normal EF) versus control subjects without heart failure, although in their study, only the lateral indexes differed significantly. Due to the different subject populations, it may not be appropriate to extend the findings of Kasner et al. (12) to our subject population, but it is of interest that the Kasner study at least demonstrates that the motion of one aspect of the mitral annulus can change significantly without a statistically significant change in the motion of other aspects, as was observed in the present study. Furthermore, it is encouraging that the lateral and septal parameters and indexes in both the Kasner study (12) and the present study generally changed in the same direction, although significantly for just one aspect. Unfortunately, Kasner et al. (12) do not posit an explanation for their findings. It is possible that changes in right ventricular (RV) diastolic function concomitant with changes in LV diastolic function may have resulted in significant alterations in septal parameters and indexes in this study, but because we did not measure RV function, we can only speculate that RV function played a role.
The underlying mechanism for the increases in septal longitudinal stiffness (k′) and stored longitudinal force (k′x′o) in conjunction with the decreases in global stiffness (k) and stored force (kxo) is also unclear, although the decreased global stiffness following diet-induced weight loss indicates that the analogous stiffness in alternative spatial modes must overcompensate for its increase in the longitudinal dimension by decreasing substantially. More specifically, if radial/azimuthal LV stiffness decreased to a greater extent than longitudinal LV stiffness increased, global LV stiffness would decrease. This interrelationship can be understood by viewing longitudinal and radial/meridional stiffness as summing in parallel to yield global stiffness (i.e., 1/k = 1/klong′ + 1/krad′), since longitudinal and radial motion occur essentially simultaneously during filling (24). Thus it is conceivable that cardiac remodeling concomitant with the observed reduction in LV mass, including changes in fiber orientation, as the result of CR could have the effect of increasing longitudinal LV stiffness while reducing global LV stiffness. However, we caution that since we don't have the data to substantiate this explanation, it should, therefore, be considered speculative at this time.
The Ex group also demonstrated improvements in diastolic function, as evidenced by the decrease in IVRT. The physiological adaptations that contributed to this improvement are unclear, since no changes were seen in PDF parameters derived from transmitral flow. However, septal longitudinal elastic strain (x′o) and stored strain energy (1/2k′x′o2) increased significantly, suggesting that a longitudinal accommodation of the blood volume entering the LV during early filling increased in response to Ex-induced weight loss.
Endurance exercise training typically increases resting end-diastolic volume, resting stroke volume, and LV mass (25). However, in the present study, although there were tendencies for increases in LV end-diastolic dimension and volume and stroke volume, these changes were not statistically significant. Furthermore, there was no evidence for an increase in LV mass. It is possible that the increases in LV dimensions and mass that usually occur in response to Ex training were attenuated by the energy deficit that was induced by the Ex intervention in the present study. However, as reported previously (30), the Ex group had highly significant 16% and 28% increases in absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake, respectively. Although these improvements may have resulted from peripheral adaptations such as an increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial density, training-induced increases in maximal oxygen uptake are also dependent on cardiac adaptations (19). Therefore, it seems unlikely that myocardial adaptations to Ex training were completely absent in the Ex group, although we do not have data to support this proposition.
Although not unexpected, the significant decrease in systolic and diastolic BP in the CR group contrasts with the findings of Fontana et al. (6) in a previous CALERIE report from the same study, in which BP changes fell short of statistical significance. This discrepancy is likely due to the exclusion of subjects who did not satisfy the defined minimum weight loss requirement in the present study.
The significant decrease in IVRT following weight loss in each group may be thought to stem from decreased BP at aortic valve closure (which is linearly related to systolic BP) (28). However, LV relaxation and left atrial pressure have also been shown to govern IVRT (28). Given that the Ex group exhibited a similar decrease in IVRT as the CR group in the presence of an unchanged systolic BP, it appears likely that intrinsic LV relaxation improved as the result of weight loss. Although not directly measured, left atrial pressure at mitral valve opening would be expected to have decreased or remained unchanged following weight loss, as evidenced by the tendency for the atrioventricular pressure gradient kxo to decrease. Furthermore, for the ∼8% fall in systolic BP in the CR group after weight loss and assuming normal left atrial pressures at the mitral valve opening, IVRT would be expected to fall by only 3% according to the model of isovolumic pressure decline proposed by Thomas et al. (28), which contrasts greatly with the nearly 20% decline in IVRT reported for these subjects.
The results from the present study are important in the context of healthy aging of the heart. Although none of the participants had clinical diastolic dysfunction, greater stiffness and prolonged relaxation of the LV are known to occur as part of the natural aging process (4). Therefore, the improvements in diastolic function that occurred in response to CR- and Ex-induced weight loss may be viewed as a reversal of this trend or, alternatively, as the restoration of a more youthful cardiac phenotype. Furthermore, these beneficial adaptations may reduce the risk of developing diastolic dysfunction in the future.
The fact that there were no differences for both groups from baseline to 1 yr in many of the diastolic function parameters and indexes measured may imply that the methods employed in this study were not sufficiently sensitive to detect such changes. In particular, if diastolic function was studied in all subjects under a state of cardiac stress, such as after the administration of dobutamine or during exercise, changes in certain parameters and indexes may well have been found. In other words, the diastolic function of the hearts of CR and Ex subjects may have been similar at rest but potentially differentiable during exercise.
Another limitation of the study is that the intensive yearlong interventions prevented us from enrolling a large number of subjects. Due to this small sample size and the relatively high variability of M-mode measurements (vs. 3-dimensional echo, magnetic resonance imaging, and other more sophisticated imaging modalities), the nonsignificant between-group comparisons should be interpreted with caution, since the statistical power was low for determining whether CR- or Ex-induced weight loss provides a greater improvement in diastolic function. Furthermore, because our goal was to characterize the changes in diastolic function that result from weight loss, we did not include subjects who were noncompliant with our interventions and, consequently, did not lose weight; however, this also limits the generalizability of the results, since we did not use intention-to-treat analyses.
Despite these limitations, we note that a strength of this study, besides its characterization of the effects of moderate weight loss on diastolic function in nonobese subjects, is that it comprises a long-term intervention rather than a cross-sectional comparison of lean and overweight individuals, as has been previously performed in our laboratory (17). Another strength is that DTI- and PDF-derived indexes of diastolic function, in both global (E-wave) and spatially distinct (longitudinal function via DTI) terms, were used to confirm and further characterize the results obtained from the conventional transmitral flow-based assessment.
Results from the present study suggest that moderate weight loss, whether induced by CR or Ex, confers significant improvements in LV diastolic function. In response to CR, the improvements appear to be mediated primarily by decreases on (global) ventricular stiffness and relaxation/viscosity and an increase in the peak atrioventricular pressure gradient, whereas in response to Ex-induced weight loss, the mechanisms are less clear. Future studies should examine diastolic function by utilizing a newly validated load-independent index of DF (26) during stress in subjects undergoing CR and exercisers to determine whether improvements in diastolic function via weight loss that are not detectable in the resting state are apparent during stress.
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant AG-20487 and NIH Grants RR-00036 (General Clinical Research Center), HL-54179, and HL-04023. T. E. Meyer and E. P. Weiss were supported by NIH Grant AG-00078. Additional support was provided by the Whitaker Foundation (Roslyn, VA), the Alan A. and Edith L. Wolff Charitable Trust (St. Louis, MO), and the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation (St. Louis, MO).
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Copyright © 2008 by the American Physiological Society


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Shocking road rage video shows driver repeatedly punch other motorist in the face
BRUTAL dash cam footage shows the moment an angry driver forces open the door of another car and repeatedly punches the occupant.
The start of the video shows a Vauxhall Corsa and BMW fighting for the outside lane of a dual carriageway before the violent outburst kicks off.
The black Corsa speeds into the left hand lane before swiftly swerving back to the outside lane in front of the BMW.
Traffic slows to a crawl as the BMW driver attempts to undertake the Corsa but the path is blocked by a queue of other vehicles on the A127 in Southend, Essex.
After traffic has come to a standstill, the Corsa driver flies into a rage and leaves his car before angrily approaching the BMW.
He is seen shouting at the BMW driver, who opens his door during the heated exchange.
The Corsa driver, a male wearing a blue t-shirt, then slams the door shut before throwing several punches through the open window.
The thug then opens the BMW's door again and continues raining down blows onto the driver before other motorists step in to urge him to stop.
A passenger in the violent driver's own car can be seen getting out of the vehicle and gesturing to him to stop.
The video was shot by a parcel courier while driving in his van on Friday, June 17 at about 11.55am.
The courier said: "When I pulled onto the flyover, the two cars in question came into the camera view from over the flyover on the right hand side.
"The smaller Corsa was tailgating the BMW and then cutting in front at the top of the video abruptly.
"I can only assume the drivers had issues over giving way coming onto the flyover as it's only a single carriageway.
He added: "Unfortunately I could not hear what was being said between the two or what the black van driver said to stop it.
"The traffic built up pretty quickly so I did not see what else happened with the vehicles."


text: I posted the other day about how the phone had mixed up my contacts, putting last names first first names last etc. Well I spent a while yesterday going though them all and manually editing them to make sure the first name was first and the last name last. As I am having numerous issues with the phone, and having been advised to reset the phone, I exported the numbers to the sd card then did a full restore. On restoring the phone I then imported the numbers back and guess what? all mixed up again. Some have the first name in the second name box and vice versa. What am I doing wrong here?


text: Mark 16:6 says But he said to them, "Do not be alarmed. You seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He is risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid Him. Jesus IS risen Lord. He seals the deal right then and there. Defeating death by the resurrection. The sun is just coming over the tree tops and it is a beautiful day here. I said 'Thank YOU Lord" as I stepped out onto the deck and looked towards the east. I feel life is renewed for me. Today is the celebration of life for me because if Jesus had not risen from the grave I would be in a world of hurt and doomed. Looking at the sun rise was very humbling this morning as I shed tears of joy with a smile on my face. Happy Easter CFS. Where ever your at on this planet, celebrate Life of the risen Jesus. May God shower His blessing on all of us here, Amen


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Well doesn't this just suck. At last night's Arizona performance, J. Cole asks his fans the usual rap show question of who's hip to aware of the new album, Cole World. Obviously, most audience members were since it was a J. Cole show. But Cole was the one in for a surprise once a fan handed him the retail CD…which doesn't release until next week. Peep the 1:16 mark and Cole's response that he doesn't even have a physical copy yet. Even though it's legit, the fan's lucky this ain't the '90s, word to the Hoodratz.
According to Miss Dimplez, a few Target stores in the area allegedly got the release date mixed up and started selling the Roc rookie's debut a little early. Ouch!
Taking a glass half full approach, the NC rhymer can still be happy to know folks are buying his music.


text: Human Rights Observatory Russian Parliament Adopts Online Privacy Law Lawmakers in the Russian parliament on Friday voted for a bill forcing online search engines to remove search results about a specific person at that person's request. The Russian State Duma voted overwhelmingly for the controversial law that critics say could be used to block information critical of the government or government officials. Though similar to one recently adopted by the European Union, the Russian law is more sweeping, extending the right of removal to public figures...Read complete article© Voice of America - Friday, July 3rd 2015


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Quick Details
- Place of Origin: Guangdong, China (Mainland)
- Brand Name: syma
- Model Number: X5HW
- Type: Other Outdoor Toys & Structures
- Material: Plastic
- Product name: Syma X5HW With drone
- Certificate: CE ROHS
- Usage: kid play
- Camera: 2HD
- dimention:: 330 *330 *110 mm
- transmitter: 2.4 GHz transmitter
- controlling distance: 30-50 meters
- function: Real - time aerial photography four - axis aircraft
- battery: 3.7V / 500mAh lipo battery (4*AA for trassmitter)
Packaging & Delivery
|Packaging Details
|carton size:85.3*59.2*37cm(L*W*H) 12PC/CARTON Volume / volume:13.2/11.6kg
|Delivery Time
The Syma X5HW is on of the new quadcopters released by Syma in an attempt to upgrade their previous models and help them meet the present drone standards. While they all seem to have slight differences between them, fliers will be able to find something that definitely matches what they need.
The drone is available in white or blue color, and features a 6-Axis gyro system, which allows a more secure flight, along with stronger wind resistance and easy control. The gyroscope also lets you implement various flight movements with ease and enhances stability. It can be flown both indoor and outdoor and can perform various functions like – up/down, left/right, sideward fight, forward/backward, and turn left/right. It even has LED lights on the body that flash in different colors to indicate its position in the sky, making night flying much easier.
It uses a 2.0MP HD Camera, which combined with the stable flight allow for amazing video and picture taking. It can be controlled using a 4CH digital proportional remote controller system that offers a range of about 30 to 50 meters.
The transmitter provides great frequency and bandwidth with its Spread Spectrum Technology. With low power consumption, anti-interference and a much faster reaction time, it makes flying for any beginner or advanced flier much simpler.
The Syma X5HC uses a 3.7V 600mAh Li-poly battery that is rechargeable and has high performance. It will have a flight time of between 5 and 7 minutes on a complete charge, and a charging time of around 130 minutes.
It has a feature called 360-degree Eversion that allows the drone to continuously roll 360-degrees, and a Barometer set height feature that lets it hover at a set position using the left joystick (accelerator). It also has a Headless Mode function and highly elastic blade protectors that are enhanced for performance and anti-collision.
- dimention: 330 õ 330 õ 110 mm
- frequency: 2.4G
- gyro: 6 Axis
- Camera: 2.0 mp
- battery for quadcopter: 3.7V 600mAh Li-poly
- charging time: about 130 minutes
- flying time: about 5~7 minutes
- controlling distance: 30-50 meters
- Syma quadrocopter Syma X5HC
- Camera
- Card Reader
- 2.4 GHz transmitter
- battery
- USB charger
- protection for the blades (4 pcs)
- set of spare propellers
- landing gear
- user manua


text:
Wake-y, wake-y... hit the brake-y! This is the National Sleep Foundation's Drowsy Driving Prevention Week, and the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety has completed a new survey with data indicating that one in seven drivers between 16 and 24 have admitted to falling asleep while behind the wheel at least once in the last year alone. That's a lot more drowsy driving compared to only 1 in 10 of all drivers who said they nodded off while driving.
Drowsy driving is equal to drunk driving
Around Memorial Day, the chances are good that either you or somebody that you are sharing the road with today has been out and about, spending the day with family or just enjoying their time off. There have surely been many hours spent behind the wheel for drivers across the country. Hopefully, drunk driving is kept to a minimum. But, there is another possible problem-driver on the road: the drowsy driver. It's likely that most of us have had that feeling behind the wheel, where we struggle to
WAKE UP! - New seats can monitor sleepy drivers
We've all been there, you're pressing on, but you know you're dangerously close to falling asleep while behind the wheel. Rolling down the window, blaring the radio, and frequent shakes of the head just aren't doing it. Those jumping jacks you did at the rest stop a few miles back helped for a little while, but you can feel sleep creeping up on you quickly. Driving while drowsy is a big danger, and researchers from the University of Tokyo, Oita University, the Shimane Institute of Health Science


text:
Derren Brown: The Great Art Robbery (1 x 60′) – Master illusionist and showman Derren Brown plans to pull off the perfect crime. He's bet renowned art collector Ivan Massow that he can steal a painting from right under his nose. In true Derren style, he will tell Ivan exactly which painting he plans to target – a work by Turner-nominated British brothers Jake and Dinos Chapman no less – as well as what time the theft will happen. He'll even give him a photograph of the person that's going to take it.
In order to pull off the theft Derren recruits a crew. But he's not going to use career criminals or skilled cat burglars. He's going to use members of society that tend to slip by unnoticed. He's going to use old age pensioners.
Over a series of uplifting tests and training missions viewers will see Derren teach his senior citizens the core skills needed to pull off the gallery theft, how to move together in perfect synchronicity and with perfect timing, how to deceive a security guard who will be expecting the theft and how to hold their nerve when they're most under pressure. This builds to an edge-of-seat finale: The attempt of the team to steal the painting under impossible conditions.
Channel: Channel 4
Producer: Objective Productions
TX: 4th December 2013
Source: Channel 4 press release


text:
Candy canes are great and all, but in this day and age we've come to expect something more when digging into our stockings. Thankfully some of the neatest stuff for stockings, whether portable power, phone-mounted lasers or hands free mounts — is also super affordable. The following are just a few of the awesome stocking stuffers we've gathered at Cult of Mac Deals.
This six-bladed drone fits in the palm of your hand [Deals]
If you've played with one of the many palm-sized, office-friendly drones on the market, you know they can be more than a little squirrely. SKEYE has made a mini drone that's a whole lot more stable — the trick was adding another pair of rotors. It's a major upgrade for an already crazy fun toy, and you can get one for just $45. Get an additional 15% all drones with coupon code: DRONE15.
A micro flier that proves drones are big fun no matter the size [Deals]
Lots of us want a drone, but not all of us have the space for a giant four-rotored helicopter in our lives, let alone the cash. Thankfully, drones are a bunch of fun at any size, which the tiny AERIUS Drone proves in a big way. It's one of the smallest fully functioning drones you can buy, perfect for indoor or outdoor use, and right now you can get your own for only $34.99.
This tiny black brick adds a layer of backup to your regular Apple charger [Deals]
All of us iPhone users know the feeling of having to pull the plug and get out the door before the battery's done charging. The sleek white charging block that comes with our phone channels the charge but can't carry it, but with the NomadPlus it can. Designed to snugly fit Apple's USB hub, it's a great way to turn your average wall charger into a portable battery for just $24.99.
Giant discounts on a pair of Monster portable storage drives [Deals]
It's Halloween season, but prices of these two Monsters are anything but scary. With cavernous storage and solid state storage, these are two devices you can take with you free of the worry of a dying motor or a scratched disc. And at more than half off, they're going for a price that can't be beat.
The Great Cult Of Mac Holiday Gift Guide 2012
Looking for a gift for a loved one, a workmate, or even someone you secretly hate but are obliged to buy something for? Then let us help you. Our Cult Of Mac Holiday Gift Guide is running throughout November and December, thrice weekly with farm-fresh updates every time.
Looking for something in particular? Here's the full rundown:
Cult of Mac's 2011 Holiday Gift Guide: Stocking Stuffers
It's that time of year again. Not the holidays — I'm mean yeah, sure it is, but that's pretty obvious. No, it's the time of year when we drive ourselves (and others) a little crazy running around trying to find gifts at the last minute. Especially those pesky stocking stuffers — the little gifts that fill in the gap between "it's Christmas? Geez, I completely forgot" and "honey, I bought you a Lexus."


text: Equities Tactical I have read & agreed to the Terms of Service & Privacy Policy Category : Smart Beta 18 Downloads Download Brochure Cumulative Performance 55.24% Annualized Performance 27.25% Annualized Volatility 5.62% Max Drawdown (Day) -1.08% Average Daily Exposure 38% Sharpe Ratio 4.49 1) Strategy Specific information Equities Tactical seeks an absolute return by taking positions on two underlyings, the S&P 500 and the Euro Stoxx 50. The strategy implements temporary exposures to the underlyings, therefore representing a purely tactical and timing-based process, without any factor (value, growth), market-cap (small cap) or risk-weighted (equal-weight, minimum variance, etc.) approach. The strategy's default mode is 100% cash. When probable bullish or bearish movements are detected the strategy enters tactical tilts of limited duration, long or short the underlyings 50%, respectively. A behavioural analysis determines the excesses of the underlyings, and contrarian tilts are therefore implemented to trade against those excesses (underweight when bullish excess, overweight when bearish excess). 2) The "Complexity" family of strategies All the strategies in the "Complexity" range are grounded in the research in complex systems, as those systems offer a better analogy with financial markets than Modern Financial Theory (MFT). The frequent bouts of exuberance, intense risk-aversion or herd behaviour observed on financial markets invalidate the main assumptions and conclusions of MFT and question the validity of long-term forecasting. In fact, prediction in financial markets more closely resembles weather forecasting than odds calculation in a lottery: in meteorology as in financial markets, the accuracy of predictions decreases rapidly as the length of the prediction increases. "Better predict 7 times the weather for tomorrow than once for the whole week!" Long-term statistics in weather forecasting actually back this saying, with around 85% success rate for overnight prediction versus slightly more than 50% over a 10-day horizon. The endogenous instability and non-linearity observed on financial markets render inefficient the traditional equilibrium approaches and normal distribution assumptions: prediction has to accommodate the existence of unpredictable chaotic phases, and the appropriate tools should therefore be used. This toolbox is found in statistical physics, at its root the study of large numbers of particles and their interactions. This strategy makes large use of such tools. Moreover, the strategy uses concepts first introduced by B. Mandelbrot, the 20th-century mathematician, who coined concepts such as self-similarity, Noah & Joseph effects, etc. This strategy makes full use of those concepts to achieve a robust, dynamic and auto-adaptive pattern-recognition process. This performance engine is built on sound statistical physics methods, such as numerical analysis, denoising, filtering, etc. High-frequency and high-quality data is needed for this strategy as only price data is used as raw material in the process. The quality of data is monitored continuously and 2 separate sources are used to ensure continuity and reliability. The numerical analysis relies on the use of 1-, 5- and 15-minute data points.


text: My samsung fascinate battery is WAY better than my old incredible, but still will only last me till like 2-3pm before I have to charge it. I do alot of gtalk with my lady and some other friends, but I was curious.... I only have 3 widgets. I have setcpu to help me a little(yes, I'm rooted running jt's 1.2 overclocked kernal), and my autokiller and ATK help kill programs. I tried that juicedefender/ultimatejuicer but it shuts off my data completely when the screen goes into sleep, which cannot happen lol Who has good ways to make my battery last longer?


text:
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Letter(s) from Sanya Faith David to Gary (USA)
Letter 1
How are you doing?Well I've heard you all and i will like to explain myself clearly to you before we can move on......I've been having a problem with my Dad who i live with mom in (ENDLAND,WORCESTERSHIRE,WORCESTER),but right now due to our differences, i left England after the death of my Mom . MY Dad works with Oil Contractors in England and Africa including some parts of the Asian and US. I work with my father as his personal auditor and we move around for his contracts wherever he is awarded.
My first boy friend, Brian Daniel, absconded with my dad's money which was kept with me after a completion of a contract in Hawaii,US. When my boy friend absconded with the huge sum of 125,000.00 US dollars, this brought about the first breakup between me and my dad, because he thought I plan with my ex-boyfriend to loot his business but not knowing that I'm an innocent about this embezzlement. So my dad has been harsh and tough against me about this.
Then when I perceived all his behaviors towards me and the bad acts of his newly gotten wife, i decided to leave USA to meet a friend called Sandra in west Africa whom have met during our staying there for a contract with Chevron.I left (USA,FLORIDA,ORANGE PARK) because my dad have been treating me bad and stopped me from working with him, even having any access to his assets, and i felt no where to go than to leave the USA.
Now, I'm in need of your help,i have gotten the enough money to run myself when I get to you, i want to come over to your place and stay with you for the rest of my life, I don't want to live here anymore, you know I'm a foreigner here and it is absolutely dangerous for me to live here, that is why i need your gesture assistance.
How i want you to help me is? I have some money, which I've gotten from an over invoiced Contract remuneration executed by my dad with some contractors, so I have taken up the money from the contractors,i took the money to a local bank so that the money can be transferred into my account but they refused because Nigeria Financial intelligence Unit (NFIU) and money laundry act 2004.prohibits any money above $10,000 to be wired or transferred locally or internationally and the penalty for this offense is 10yrs in jail so i took the money away and I'm hiding up with a girl in Nigeria, because i might got set up if they know i have such huge amount of money (10million$), so for me to be more safer and secure, I put this money in a box and got it locked up with a security code known to me only,i even have the picture of this money with me for future reference and I deposited the box with some of my traveling luggage's with a financial&security company who render private diplomatic delivery service and i told them that the box are my traveling luggage, which I want to send forth to my husband because I'm returning home, then i paid them up their custody and security fee.
So, I want the box sent to you while i catch up with you as soon as it is been delivered to you while I pay you up your Rent charge and a reasonable amount for compensation, only 20% of the money in the box to you. Every arrangement for the delivery is perfect, I have obtained customs papers for private freight and there are seals on the box showing that it is a private delivery and check performed, it is free from customs checks, it will be delivered at your door step by the diplomats of the security company, you do not need to burn out to receive it. And the box have security codes lock known to me only, only me can open the box , except if I tell anyone the Code, so the Box cannot be opened on the Way of delivery to you.
Therefore, I want you to contact them as soon as possible, so that you can make the Clearance from the Security Company as the Recipient of my Box. And once the box gets to you, I will be there with you, then we can open the box together or i will tell you the code to open it, so that you can arrange everything properly before my arrival. Like I said, I will pay for your rent and fulfill my 20% promise of the money to you. I will appreciate your trust towards this box and hoping to hear from you and to meet you in person.
Hope to hear back from you soon.


text:
Black November Trailer (2012)
"Blood Will Be Spilled" 07 December 2012 Drama, Action, Crime 95 mins
A volatile, oil-rich Nigerian community wages war against their corrupt government and a multi-national oil corporation to protect their land from being destroyed by excessive drilling and spills. To seek justice, a rebel organization kidnaps an American oil executive and demands that his corporation end the destruction and pollution. Inspired by true events, Black November is the gripping story of how a community rises up and takes drastic measures to make sure their voices are heard.
Watch the official Black November 2012 trailer in HD below or find more Black November videos on Vidimovie.


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Published by mugen shiyo in the blog mugen shiyo's blog. Views: 75
Men pretend to be men. Men pretend to be good. But we have laws for a reason, and cops have guns for a reason. Because in the absence of law and the threat of consequence, when a man is removed from penalties and the moral condemnation of witnesses, the savage that has lain within is allowed to rise again. He will do as he pleases- his reason only serving to fulfill his instincts. Because in the end, if we are not forced to civility, we become animals instead- cannibals if needed; the very worst of all creatures in the eyes of God.
...Yeah, this is pretty Nietzsche of me, as it has that ability to take all the joy out of being a human being faster than a PETA convention, but I found it more or less true. It is interesting how we have to somewhat dilude ourselves into believing we are anything but what we really are. Sort of put a speck of dazzle on the plain reality of life to make living more bearable. You know...you're not as judgmental as your neighbors. You look at pictures of yourself...ugh...hate it. I know I look better than that and I will keep taking pictures of myself until I do. And the person who wipes that veneer off for a second is immediately sneered and cast out. I often wondered about the policemen who work with the dark element of human society every day. How of they view the human race? I had a friend who found it disgusting to work in a buffet restaurant because she says the sight of people stuffing themselves over and over again made her sick. This didn't help me out that much since I happen to like buffets myself. Oink...
How do doctors view the human race? Lawyers? Judges? Prostitutes? People who are not allowed to turn a blind eye to man's dark nature. People who live on the border and watch humanities duality swirl around each other like water and oil.
Still, our dark sides are nothing new and nothing that need be hidden. In fact, they should be explored. Because the more we try and hide or stifle that natural part of ourselves, the more we become able to be manipulated by them.
This is a premise that I had just thought up yesterday and been toying with. One of those can't get it out of your head things and I was wondering should I use it in an existing story or make a whole other story behind it. Probably the former since making an entire work around a single idea is generally bad since I could possibly come off as preachy. But aside from the story I found this to be a true statement and a sort of enlightening one. We all think of ourselves as pretty humane, but we are all pretenders who dance under the lights of the law. But what happens when there is no one to tell us what not to do? What happens if there was no law, no rules, no consequences? I think we would realize too quickly that we are and always were the animals we believed ourselves apart from. No more and no less.
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text:
A Perspective on the Integration of Verification and Validation into the Decision Making Process.
Abstract not provided.
- Publication Date:
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1238551
- Report Number(s):
- DOE Contract Number:
- Resource Type:
- Conference
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Proposed for presentation at the IMAC 2015 held February 2-6, 2015 in Orlando, FL.
- Research Org:
- Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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text:
Passerina versicolor
IUCN Conservation Status: Least Concern
Stephen Ramirez
A bird of subtly beautiful colors, the Varied Bunting inhabits arid brushy woodlands and clearings. Found throughout most of Mexico, it reaches the northern limits of its range in the borderlands of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.
Arid thorn brush, riparian areas, scrub forest, canyons, and desert washes.
Insects, seeds, and fruit.
An open cup of grass and spider webs, placed near the outer branches of thorny shrubs.
Mated pair forages together, gleaning insects from leaves and pecking on the ground for seeds.
There is little information on Varied Bunting population trends. Partners in Flight estimates a global breeding population of 2 million, with 99% spending part of the year in Mexico, and 1% breeding in the U.S. The species rates a 13 out of 20 on the Continental Concern Score. Varied Bunting is not on the 2014 State of the Birds Watch List. These beautiful buntings are a common cage bird in Mexico. Development of habitat for agriculture, mining, urban development, and other human uses may pose a threat.
Contact the Lab | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Site CreditsCopyright © 2015 Cornell University
The Cornell Lab will send you updates about birds, birding, and opportunities to help bird conservation. You can unsubscribe at any time. We will never sell or give your email address to others.


text:
January 23, 2010
Thanks to Gov. Rod Blagojevich Prison Uniform Night and the stripper-riffic "Over 18" Night, the ECHL Las Vegas Wranglers have shown a propensity for thinking outside the box for promotional ideas. Little did we know the box actually contained Samoas and Do-si-dos.
Mark your calendars now: On Friday, March 12 at the Orleans Arena against the Bakersfield Condors, the Wranglers are scheduled to hold "Girl Scout Night" in celebration of the 98th birthday of the Girl Scouts of the USA. Part of that celebration is the sure-to-be-instant-classic hockey jersey shown here, modeled after the Girl Scout uniform.
The Wranglers will be wearing Girl Scout uniform inspired jerseys that will be available for silent auction throughout the game. The Girl Scouts are also offering a special ticket rate of $10 for that night's game. A portion of the proceeds from the jersey auction and tickets sold by the Girl Scouts benefits the Las Vegas local Girl Scouts of Frontier Council. Other Girl Scout-themed activities are planned throughout the evening.
The Wranglers already have a commercial for the event up on YouTube. That's some piece of acting by John Schwarz, No. 28 in your programs:
The possibilities for this game are endless. Like sewing on badges for different penalties earned during the game. Like referring to the puck as a "Thin Mint" all night. Like replacing the goal song with "Kumbaya." Oh, and what we wouldn't give to see a fight in these sweaters. They aren't Boy Scouts, you know ...
Thanks to Puck Buddy Rachel L. for the tip.
Gary Bettman's unlikely musical tastes
Posted Jun 21 2012
Yakupov says he's ready for NHL
Posted Jun 25 2012
Canada's Stanley Cup curse explained
Posted Jun 21 2012
Edited By Doug Farrar
Edited By 'Duk
Edited By Kelly Dwyer
Edited By Greg Wyshynski
Edited By Matt Hinton
Edited By Jeff Eisenberg
Edited By Jay Busbee
Edited By Jay Busbee
Edited By Steve Cofield
Edited By Chris Chase
Edited By Chris Chase
Edited By Brooks Peck
Edited By Andy Behrens
Edited By Cameron Smith
Edited By Mark J. Miller


text: Wedding PhotographyColorado is an amazing place for weddings. The sun-drenched vistas, the rustic venues, the jaw-dropping majesty of the Rocky Mountains. We've collected our favorite photography into our "Best of..." galleries. Enjoy!Wedding PhotographyPortrait PhotographyEveryone deserves amazing portrait art. Celebrate this time in your life and capture the best of who you are.Portrait PhotographyWedding VideosThis isn't your Momma's wedding videography. We offer the leading edge of cinematic, emotional storytelling in our Colorado wedding videos.Wedding Videos


text:
Big Top Scooby-Doo! Trailer (2012)
22 October 2012 Animated, Comedy, Family 81 mins
When Scooby and the gang hear of a werewolf plaguing a traveling circus, they go undercover as circus performers to get to thebottom the mystery.
Watch the official Big Top Scooby-Doo! 2012 trailer in HD below or find more Big Top Scooby-Doo! videos on Vidimovie.


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