text: Araştırma Makalesi/Original Article Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi Activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole and voriconazole against Candida bloodstream isolates determined by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods Amfoterisin B, flukonazol ve vorikonazollünün kan kültürlerinden izole edilen Candida türlerine karşı antifungal aktivitesinin mikrodilüsyon ve disk diffüzyon yöntemleri ile belirlenmesi Nimet YİĞİT1, Esin AKTAŞ2 ÖZET ABSTRACT Amaç: Candida türlerinin neden olduğu invaziv fungal enfeksiyonlar önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Kandidemiler sadece mortalite ile ilişkili olmayıp, aynı zamanda hastanede kalış süresinin uzamasına ve tıbbi bakım maliyetinin artmasına da sebep olmaktadır. Candida albicans ve non-albicans Candida türlerinin neden olduğu kandidemilerde, hastaların klinik bulgularının aynı olmasına rağmen bu türlerin antifungal ilaçlara duyarlılıkları da farklıdır. Bu çalışmada; Candida kan izolatlarının antifungal duyarlılık verilerini sunmaktadır. Yöntem: 35 Candida albicans, 25 Candida tropicalis, 15 Candida parapsilosis, 8 Candida glabrata, 4 Candida krusei ve 3 Candida kefyr olmak üzere toplam 90 Candida izolatı incelendi. Bu türlerin amfoterisin B, flukonazol ve vorikonazole karşı antifungal duyarlılıkları %2 glukozla zenginleştirilmiş RPMI 1640 agar besiyeri kullanılarak mikrodilüsyon yöntemi (CLSI M27-A3) ve 0,5 µg/mL metilen mavisi ve %2 glukozla zenginleştirilmiş MuellerHinton agar besiyeri kullanılarak disk diffüzyon (CLSI M44-A2) yöntemi ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Candida izolatları mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile %87,7 oranında, disk diffüzyon yöntemi ile %82,2 oranında flukonazole duyarlı bulundu. 1 2 Objective: Invasive fungal infections caused by Candida species have increased significantly. Candidemia is not only associated with a mortality, but also extends the duration of hospital stay and increases the cost for medical care. Although, the clinical presentations of the patients with candidemia caused by Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species are indistinguishable, the susceptibilities to antifungal agents of these species are different. This study presents data on antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida bloodstream isolates. Method: We tested a total of 90 strains, including 35 strains of Candida albicans, 25 strains of Candida tropicalis, 15 strains of Candida parapsilosis, 8 strains of Candida glabrata, 4 strains of Candida krusei and 3 strains of Candida kefyr. Susceptibility to amphotericin B, fluconazole and voriconazole was determined by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method (CLSI M27-A3) using RPMI 1640 as test medium supplemented with 2% glucose and disk diffusion methods were performed according to CLSI M44-A2 using methylene blue (0.5 µg/mL) and glucose (2%) enriched Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: In this study, 87.7%, 82.2% of Candida isolates were susceptible to fluconazole with the broth Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, ERZURUM Atatürk Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji Ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, ERZURUM İletişim / Corresponding Author : Nimet YİĞİT Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, ERZURUM Tel : +90 442 231 58 53 - 5865 E-posta / E-mail : [email protected] Geliş Tarihi / Received : 14.02.2014 Kabul Tarihi / Accepted : 22.04.2014 DOI ID : 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2014.05658 Yiğit N, Aktaş E. Activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole and voriconazole against Candida bloodstream isolates determined by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, 2014; 71(3): 131-40. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg: 2014; 71(3): 131 - 140 131 Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 Mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile bu izolatların %6,6'sı (%8,5 C. albicans, %4,0 C. tropicalis ve % 25,0 C. glabrata) flukonazole karşı doza bağlı duyarlı, %5,5 ise dirençli olarak belirlendi. Dirençli suşların dördü C. krusei (%100), biri ise C. albicans (%2,8) idi. Disk diffüzyon yöntemi ile Candida suşlarının %12,2'si doza bağlı duyarlı (%17,1 C. albicans, %12,0 C. tropicalis and %25,0 C. glabrata) olarak, %5,5'i [bir izolat C. albicans (%2,8), dört izolat C. krusei (%100)] ise flukonazole dirençli olarak belirlendi. Bütün suşlar amfoterisin B ve vorikonazole duyarlı olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Amfoterisin B ve vorikonazollün Candida izolatlarına karşı in-vitro aktivitesinin yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Antifungal ilaçlara direnç artmaktadır ki bundan dolayı fungal patojenlerin duyarlılık profillerini değerlendirmek giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Antifungal duyarlılık, flukonazol, kan izolatları SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CANDIDA BLOODSTREAM ISOLATES microdilution method and the disk diffusion method respectively, based on CLSI breakpoints. A further 6.6% were classified as susceptible-dose-dependent (8.5% C. albicans, 4.0% C. tropicalis and 25.0% C. glabrata) and fluconazole resistance was detected in 5.5% of all isolates by microdilution method. Four isolates of these strains were C. krusei (100%) and one strain was C. albicans (2.8%). 12.2% of Candida spp. were classified as susceptible-dose-dependent (17.1% C. albicans, 12.0% C. tropicalis, and 25.0% C. glabrata) and fluconazole resistance was detected in 5.5% of all isolates. Four isolates of these strains were C. krusei (100%) and one strain was C. albicans (2.8%) by disk diffusion method. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and voriconazole using by two methods. Conclusion: Voriconazole and amphotericin B were active in-vitro against yeasts. As antifungal drug resistance may become more frequent, it is increasingly important to evaluate current antifungal susceptibility profiles of fungal pathogens. Key Words: Antifungal susceptibility, fluconazole, bloodstream isolates INTRODUCTION A progressive increase in the frequency of albicans Candida isolates to currently available candidemia has been observed, particularly among antifungal drugs represents a major challenge patients receiving antibiotics, immunosuppressive for future empirical therapeutic and prophylactic therapy, or parenteral nutrition, as well as among strategies. Therefore, species directed therapy patients exposed to invasive medical procedures should be administered for fungemia according to such as intravascular catheter, hemodialysis and the species identified and its antifungal susceptibility abdominal surgery (1-3). pattern (1, 3). Candidemia have been associated with significant Candida species have various degrees of mortality, especially among critically ill patients. susceptibility to frequently used antifungal drugs. For The attributable mortality of candidemia has been instance, Candida lusitaniae is relatively resistant estimated at 25-38%. In addition, an increase of 30 to amphotericin B, C. krusei is intrinsically resistant days in the length of hospital stay among patients to fluconazole, C. glabrata is less susceptible or surviving these infections has been demonstrated. has a higher MICs to it than other Candida species. The economic impact of these infections is also This phenomenon illustrates the importance of important (3-6). identification and surveillance of Candida species in Although Candida albicans is still considered the clinical settings (7). the most frequently isolated species of candidemic Large-scale surveillance for bacteremia and patients, the emergence of non-albicans Candida fungemia has been conducted world-wide by various species is clearly a concern. The resistance of non- organizations, including the Centers for Disease 132 Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg N. YİĞİT and E. AKTAŞ Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National MATERIALS and METHODS Epidemiology of Mycoses Survey (NEMIS). These Candida Isolation and Identification surveys provide evidence that the prevalence of This study was designed in Mycology Laboratory, azole-resistant fungi is increasing (8). The antifungal susceptibility Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department testing of of Medical Faculty between 2011 to 2013 years. pathogenic fungi can manage the selection of A total of 90 yeast isolates were tested. All the adequate therapy and also provide an estimate of organisms were clinical blood isolates obtained from antifungal efficacy. Monitoring of drug resistance patients hospitalized. The isolates were identified development can predict therapeutic outcome by standard conventional methods. For species and therapeutic potential of untested compounds typing of the isolates, germ tube and chlamydospore (9). production tests were performed. The carbohydrate With the increasing incidence of yeast infections assimilation patterns of all isolates were studied and the emergence of resistant strains to antifungal using the API 20 C AUX system (Biomerieux) according drugs, it has become essential for diagnostic to the manufacturer's procedure. The yeasts were laboratories not only to isolate and identify Candida maintained on Sabouraud glucose agar slants, stored species but also to perform routine susceptibility at 4 OC, until used in the study. Prior to testing, each testing (10). strain was subcultured on Sabouraud agar for 24 h at The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) provides recommendations for broth microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing of 35 OC to ensure viability. C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were tested each time a set of clinical isolates was evaluated (11). yeasts, a method that is reproducible and presents good clinical correlation. However, this method is Antifungal Susceptibility Test labor-intensive and unsuitable for most routine Microdilution diagnostic laboratories (10). Method: Reference antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida spp. was performed Correlation between results generated by the using the microdilution method described in CLSI method M27-A3 (12). Reference powders of amphotericin and a disk diffusion assay using Mueller-Hinton B (Sigma), flukonazole (Pfizer) and voriconazole agar supplemented with 2% glucose and 0.5 μg/ (Pfizer) were used. Stock solutions were prepared mL methylene blue agar has been documented by with a concentration 10 fold the final concentration several investigators. Breakpoints for susceptibility and of fluconazole and voriconazole are now available L-glutamine, without bicarbonate, supplemented for disk diffusion assay which have the advantages with 2% dextrose and buffered to pH 7.0 with 0.165 of being easy to perform, accurate, inexpensive and N-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid (MOPS) to obtain suitable for routine laboratories (10). twice the final concentration. CLSI microdilution standard reference The purpose of this study was to test Candida diluted with RPMI 1640 (Sigma), with Disk Diffusion Method: Disk diffusion testing against of amphotericin B, flukonazole and voriconazole amphotericin B, fluconazole and voriconazole by was performed as described by CLSI document using the broth microdilution and disk diffusion M44-A2 (13). In our study; disks containing; 25 μg methods. of fluconazole (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD), 1 species obtained from blood culture μg of voriconazole (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD) Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg 133 SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CANDIDA BLOODSTREAM ISOLATES Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 and 20 μg of amphotericin B (MAST Diagnostics) RESULTS were used. Initially, a yeast inoculums suspension A total of 90 Candida spp. were isolated from adjusted to match a 0.5 McFarland density standard clinical blood samples obtained from patients was prepared. A sterile cotton swab moistened hospitalized. The most species isolated was C. with inoculums suspension was used to apply each albicans followed by C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, organism to be tested on a 90 mm diameter plate C. glabrata, C. krusei and C. kefyr (Table 1). containing Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 2% glucose and 0.5 μg/mL methylene blue. The plates were allowed to dry for 5-15 min before the disks to be placed in the agar. The plates were incubated for 18-24 h at 35-37 C, and the slowly O Table 1. Species distribution of Candida isolated from blood cultures Species Number of isolates % of isolates growing isolates could be read after 24 h incubation. C. albicans 35 39.0% All inhibition zone diameters generated by disk C. tropicalis 25 28.0% diffusion tests were read and recorded (10, 14, 15). C. parapsilosis 15 16.5% C. glabrata 8 8.8% C. krusei 4 4.4% 17 mm: S, 14< dz <16 mm: S-DD, dz≤ 13 mm: R, for C. kefyr 3 3.3% amphotericin B disk test dz≤ 10 mm: R (13, 16). Total 90 100 The interpretive criteria for the fluconazole disk test were dz ≥ 19 mm: S, 15< dz <18 mm: S-DD, dz≤ 14 mm: R, for voriconazole disk test were dz ≥ Table 2. In vitro susceptibilities of Candida bloodstream isolates to fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B by using microdilution method Species and Number Antifungal agent C. albicans -35 Fluconazole C. tropicalis -25 C. parapsilosis -15 C. glabrata -8 C. krusei -4 C. kefyr -3 134 Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg MIC range (µg/mL) MIC50 (µg/mL) MIC90 (µg/mL) 0.125-64 0.5 16 Voriconazole 0.125-1 0.25 0.5 Amphotericin B 0.03-0.5 0.125 0.25 Fluconazole 0.125-32 0.5 2 Voriconazole 0.125-1 0.25 0.5 Amphotericin B 0.03-0.5 0.125 0.25 Fluconazole 0.125-4 0.25 0.5 Voriconazole 0.125-0.5 0.125 0.5 Amphotericin B 0.03-0.5 0.06 0.25 Fluconazole 0.125-32 0.5 1 Voriconazole 0.125-1 0.25 0.25 Amphotericin B 0.06-1 0.5 1 64 64 64 Voriconazole 0.25-1 0.25 0.5 Amphotericin B 0.125-1 0.25 0.5 0.25 Fluconazole Fluconazole 0.125-0.25 0.25 Voriconazole 0.125-0.25 0.125 0.25 Amphotericin B 0.03-0.125 0.06 0.125 N. YİĞİT and E. AKTAŞ Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 DISCUSSION Table 2 shows MIC, MIC50 and MIC90 values exhibited by the three antifungal drugs tested against Candida The importance of Candida spp. as etiologic spp. strains. Candida isolates were all susceptible agents of bloodstream infections in hospitalized to amphotericin B and voriconazole. Six Candida patients is well established. C. albicans isolates strains were susceptibility dose dependent (DD) to usually are susceptible to commonly used azoles fluconazole (16-32 μg/mL). Three of these strains such as itraconazole or fluconazole. Nevertheless were C. albicans, one C. tropicalis and two C. within glabrata. Five strains (four C. krusei and one C. infections caused by non-albicans Candida species albicans) were resistant to fluconazole (≥ 64 μg/mL). has increased exponentially. Nearly one half of In-vitro antifungal decade, the proportion of the cases of hematogenous candidiasis are now voriconazole and amphotericin B against Candida reported to be the result of Candida species other species by using disk diffusion method were than albicans. The reasons for the shift are unclear summarized in Table 3. Five strains (four C. krusei and probably multifactorial. Among others, routine and one C. albicans) were resistant to fluconazole prophylactic use of antifungal agents such as (dz≤ 14 mm: R). Eleven Candida isolates (six C. fluconazole in immunocompromised patients can albicans, three C. tropicalis and two C. glabrata) be implicated in the shift of species with known were to reduced susceptibility such as C. glabrata or C. fluconazole (15< dz <18 mm: S-DD) by disk diffusion krusei, which is intrinsically resistant to fluconazole method. Five fluconazole-sensitive Candida strains (4, 16). Several of these species exhibit resistance that determined by the microdilution method was to traditional triazole antifungals like fluconazole, found to be dose-dependent susceptibility in the and may also demonstrate cross-resistance to newer disk diffusion method. triazoles. This makes it imperative to perform both dose of past fluconazole, susceptibility activity the dependent (DD) Table 3. In vitro antifungal activity of fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B against Candida bloodstream isolates by using disk diffusion method Candida species Number of isolates % of isolates C. albicans 35 C. tropicalis Fluconazole Voriconazole Amphotericin B S SDD R S SDD R S SDD R 39.0 28 80.0% 6 17.1% 1 2.8% 35 100% - - 35 100% - - 25 28.0 22 88.0% 3 12.0% - 25 100% - - 25 100% - - C. parapsilosis 15 16.5 15 100% - - 15 100% - - 15 100% - - C. glabrata 8 8.8 6 75.0% 2 25.0% - 8 100% - - 8 100% - - C. krusei 4 4.4 - - 4 100% 4 100% - - 4 100% - - C. kefyr 3 3.3 3 100% - - 3 100% - - 3 100% - - 90 100 74 82.2% 11 12.2% 5 5.5% 90 100% - - 90 100% - - Total Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg 135 SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CANDIDA BLOODSTREAM ISOLATES Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 speciation and antifungal susceptibility testing of all these strains were C. krusei (100%) and one strain yeast fungi isolated from bloodstream or otherwise was C. albicans (2.8%). (6). In this study, with the disk diffusion method, In this study, we isolated 90 strains from clinical blood samples with higher rate of C. 82.2% of Candida isolates were susceptible to albicans fluconazole based on CLSI breakpoints, and a further tropicalis (28.0%), and 12.2% were classified as susceptible-dose-dependent parapsilosis (16.5%). The similar rates have (17.1% C. albicans, 12.0% C. tropicalis and 25% C. been presented in other studies (1, 2, 6, 18-23). glabrata). Fluconazole resistance was detected in Surveillance studies such as NEMIS, Surveillance and 5.5% of all isolates. Four isolates of these strains Control of Pathogens of Epidemiologic Importance were C. krusei (100%) and one strain was C. albicans (SCOPE), and a SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance (2.8%). (39.0%), followed by C. C. Program revealed that C. albicans accounted for Clinical backgrounds revealed that C. 54%, 52%, and 53% of Candida isolates, respectively infection (8, 16, 24). complication was seen of almost exclusively hematological krusei as a malignancy. All Currently, in vitro susceptibility tests can allow patients who had C. krusei infections had been very important guidelines for candidiasis treatment, treated orally with fluconazole for the prevention but the standard susceptibility test (CLSI M27-A3) is of intestinal mycoses. Consequently, fluconazole- not always readily available in regular laboratories resistant C. krusei remained in the intestine, from and is very time consuming, in opposition to the which the organisms are likely to have become other more simple techniques such as E-test and translocated into the circulation. Thus, it is seems disk diffusion test. The major feature of these agar that the presence of antimycotic resistant strains based tests is that they can allow a quick answer of fungi is always conceivable in patients with concerning Candida resistance to antifungal agents, hematological malignancies (8). preventing unnecessary patients drug abuse (9, 10, 14, 21, 25). In our study, 100% of C. krusei strains were classified as in vitro resistant to fluconazole. The Fluconazole is a useful antimycotic, and is resistance rates to fluconazole were higher than 80% commonly used for treatment of candidemia. Strains usually reported by most authors in other studies. of C. albicans primarily resistant to fluconazole Regardless of the results obtained with in vitro have been identified in clinical blood isolates by studies, C. krusei strains should be considered as several authors, varying in frequency between 0% inherently resistant to fluconazole (4, 21, 23, 30, and 38% (26-29). 31). In our present study, with the broth microdilution C. glabrata, a species that easily acquires method, 87.7% of Candida isolates were susceptible azoles drug resistance, is represented in European to fluconazole based on CLSI breakpoints, and a surveillance data of the 1990s at proportions in further 6.6% were classified as susceptible-dose- the range 9%-16%, depending on the geographic dependent (8.5% C. albicans, 4.1% C. tropicalis location (30). It has been reported that continuous and 25% C. glabrata). Fluconazole resistance was exposure to azoles seems to have a major impact detected in 5.5% of all isolates. Four isolates of on developing resistance to fluconazole in Candida 136 Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg N. YİĞİT and E. AKTAŞ Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 species, especially for C. glabrata (7). In this study, Amphotericin B was the first systemic antifungal C. glabrata accounted 8.8% of bloodstream isolates agent and a further 25% were classified as susceptible- infections and has been the drug of choice; dose-dependent to fluconazole by two methods. however, due to nephrotoxicity in up to 80% of the for the treatment of invasive fungal kefyr is patients, use of amphotericin B has been limited. uncommon, but there have been some reports Amphotericin B is effective against Candida spp. in immunocompromised patients and resistance that are resistant to other antifungal agents to antifungals in the literature (9, 18, 23). In the (9). In our study, all isolates were susceptible to present study, 3.3% of Candida isolates were C. kefyr amphotericin B. Voriconazole was the triazole of which were sensitive fluconazole, voriconazole with the high in vitro antifungal activity against all and amphotericin B. Candida strains by use two methods and all isolates Blood stream infection due to C. In our study, all C. parapsilosis isolates were were susceptible to voriconazole. susceptible to three antifungals and one C. tropicalis In conclusion, the successful treatment of (4.1%) were classified as susceptible-dose-dependent candidemia depends on the early identification of to fluconazole by microdilution method. Three C. the species and sensitivity patterns to antifungal tropicalis isolates (12.0%) were susceptible-dose- agents. The high growing rate of non albicans dependent to fluconazole by disk diffusion method. Candida resistant to azoles confirms the importance The increasing rate of reduced susceptibility to of monitoring changes in the distribution of fluconazole in C. tropicalis has considerable clinical pathogenic Candida species. importance, because this species is one of the most pattern Candida species frequently isolated non albicans Candida species. this Furthermore, C. tropicalis develops drugs resistance voriconazole in presence of fluconazole much more rapidly than Candida spp. of study shows were that The as sensitivity revealed amphotericin active antifungal B in and against C. albicans (7). Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg 137 Cilt 71 Sayı 3 2014 SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CANDIDA BLOODSTREAM ISOLATES REFERENCES 1. Godoy P, Tiraboschi IN, Severo LC, Bustamante B, 8. Nakamura T, Takahashi H. Epidemiological study Calvo B, de Almeda LP, et al. Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida spp. bloodstream isolates from Latin America Hospitals. 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text:
East Hampton
Lasata East Hampton
What will this home cost?
- Price$29,995,000
- StyleTraditional
- Bedrooms10
- Bathrooms11.5
- Stories2
- Approx. Sq. Ft.8,500
- Acreage7.15
- Year Built1917
Key Features
- South of the highway
- Heated pool
- Central air
- Bonus room
- Breakfast area
- Eat-in kitchen
- Finished basement
- Formal dining room
- Great room
- Pool/guest house
- Private setting
- Sprinkler system
First offering. Designed by noted architect Arthur C. Jackson and built in 1917 Lasata or Place of Peace is recognized as one of the most beautiful houses in America. Situated on 7.15 acres, this compound captures the eye with its graceful lines and poetic presence. Summer home to the Bouviers throughout the 1920's, there have been only a handful of owners over the past century. Impeccably restored to the highest standards in 2007, the ten bedroom main house enjoys total privacy. Ideally located near ocean beaches with separate one bedroom guest house, two bedroom pool house, and three-car garage building. Exquisite grounds with open green lawns and mature trees including Linden, London Planes, Cork and American Elm trees. This is truly a special opportunity to acquire one of the grand estates of East Hampton Village in perfect and immaculate condition.
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email@example.com Email Me See my 54 other sale listings
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East Hampton
East Hampton has the woods, the Springs and five ocean beaches.
Living here means knocking elbows with celebrities from the arts, business, and politics and with the village residents who embody East Hampton style. And walking down Main Street is an exercise in beauty: from the 200 year old elm-shaded lanes, to the world-class village shops and the historic buildings.

subset: commoncrawl


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Guest Blogging for Numerology Lovers
First time i would like to introduce guest blogging for numerology @ Astronlogia, There are many numerology enthusiast and researchers who wanted to share their knowledge, and i am glad to introduce guest blogging facility for them. Folks who want to share something related to numerology can post content in our blog with their author name. In this way, we can connect various numerologist around the world to one stop place for numerology resource.
All they have to do is just mail me or post a comment about their interest and i will give them access to post their very own numerology related content with all the author privileges. First i will examine the post, and if its genuine and original content then the content will published through its author. Numerology Guest Blogging is introduced mainly to share the expertise and experiences of people who are practicing or have applied numerology in their life. This way, everyone can be part of astronlogia.


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World Champs in June, but same controversial system
The CIPS meeting also saw the thorny issue of the section split debuted at this year's World Champs in Holland discussed at length.
The split, which saw each section split into three 'zones' received a frosty reception from both big guns and the smaller nations it was introduced to help.
Slovakia (pictured) won to be crowned champions, but had the match been run to the original system, they'd have finished eighth and England second instead of fifth!
Despite calls for it to be scrapped and the World Champs to revert back to the way they were, the system remains for Spain, although in a different format.
"Each section will now be split in two rather than three and the top 10 teams on results in World Champs over the past decade will be given a seeding," Dick Clegg explained.
"My understanding is that five of the seeds will fish in one half of a section on one day, swapping over to the other half on Day 2 and vice versa.
"It's all a little confusing and I feel that these seeds are being used as guinea pigs. I wanted the system scrapped."
The date will also alter for the event in Spain, moving from September to June. This is because Vicario Reservoir will be at its lowest level at the end of a hot Spanish summer and also suffers from fish mortalities at this time of year.
June will see slightly cooler weather and higher water levels and the match will now take place on the weekend of June 26 and 27, swapping with the Euro Champs.


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Morgan Mechanical Systems, Inc.
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100 E. Summit St, Crown Point, IN 46307
(219) 662-6906
"Dedicated to Quality Service" Morgan Mechanical Systems, Inc., in Crown Point, IN, is the area's leading heating and cooling company serving Lake and surrounding counties since 1982. We specialize in heating and cooling repairs, installations, sheet metal work, boilers, and more. For all your heating and cooling needs, contact Morgan Mechanical Systems, Inc., in Crown Point.
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Mistress Kendall keeps her slave locked in his cage at all times to use as her personal fuck pet whenever she sees fit. He is constantly told that he will be allowed to cum but is always denied at the brink of orgasm with a fierce slap to the cock. Slaves are much more fun to fuck when they are horny and willing to take every inch balls deep to please their Mistress.
Featuring: Kendall Karson
Categories: Bondage, Strap-on
Download file – 500.0 MB
Download file – 284.8 MB


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For Clara Molloy, co-founder and creative director of the fragrance company Memo Paris, travel and scent go hand in hand. After editing a book on the creative process of perfumers, she and her husband launched Memo in 2007, in hopes of capturing the essence of a place—both real, and imaginary. Moon Fever, for example, is the supposed smell of the lunar surface, while Ilha do Mel was inspired by an island off the coast of Rio de Janeiro. Here, Molloy shares her five-minute beauty routine, her first olfactive memory, and her favorite scent right now.
How did you first become interested in fragrance?
When I was very young, I saw an ad for a woman's perfume, Fidji by Guy Laroche, and asked my mother for a bottle. I was so impressed by the image and ultimately persuasive in my desire for it that she kindly gifted it to me, but she was clever enough not to let me wear it just yet. For me, wearing perfume became a symbol of my femininity, something a bit (but not too) forbidden.
Fidji was inspired by the Pacific Islands, right? Has scent always been emblematic of a place for you?
Yes, my first memories are olfactive. One of my most distinct childhood memories is when I traveled to Spain and suddenly caught the smell of the air full of pine and sea. Since then, scent has always represented memory for me.
You just opened your first store in Paris, congrats! How would you describe 24 Rue Cambon if it were a fragrance?
Elegant, sophisticated and unpredictable like Memo Paris' French Leather.
Are there any discontinued scents that you mourn?
Almost all of the classics! Particularly some gorgeous vintage Guerlain scents. Sadly, their formulas have changed over the years.
How do you find that fragrance designers and perfumers usually wear scents?
Perfumers are often the worst people to wear fragrance! You can't wear one as you create a new scent because you won't be able to smell all the individual notes.
And when you do, which fragrance from your own line do you usually reach for?
I enjoy the freedom of changing from one perfume to the other within Memo's collection. Sometimes, I wear the same scent for a long time, and sometimes I change it up frequently. That all said, for the past month I've fallen in love with Marfa, our newest scent from our Land Art Collection.
What's your five-minutes-or-less beauty routine?
One kiss, one prayer, one splash of perfume, one swipe of mascara. I adore Lancôme Hypnose mascara – it creates so much volume that it's as if I have 1,000 lashes!
And if you had ten more minutes, what would you do?
I would take the opportunity to just relax while pampering myself with a luxurious face mask. I love to use the Sisley Black Rose Cream Mask, it is such an indulgence and instantly makes my skin feel beautiful. Or, I would read a poem, call my mother to catch up, or just cuddle with our cat!
Are there any ideas that you disagree with beauty-wise?
When people believe that there is only one kind of beauty, or that beauty is what would make someone love you.
What are your current obsessions?
Learning how to do a flip underwater when swimming, poetry by the Polish Nobel Prize winner Wislawa Szymborska, making blue cookies with my children.


text: Human Rights Observatory 13 Arrested in West Bengal Gang Rape Police in India's West Bengal state announced that 13 men have been arrested as suspects in the gang rape of a young woman. The men were allegedly acting on orders of the local village council. A local police official, C. Sudhakar, said on Thursday that the woman told police that the Subalpur village council ordered her earlier this week to pay a fine for having an affair with a man of a different religion. She said that when her family said it could not afford the fine, the...Read complete article© Voice of America - Thursday, January 23, 2014


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- The Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture program resides within the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences at the University of Illinois. Please consider supporting the ASAP Scholars Fund
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Keeping Organic Soil-Centric or Can it Get Fishy?
The first organic standard was developed by the Soil Association so it is not surprising that was founded on the premise that "organic systems are soil based". Developments in new technologies, demographics, and consumer interest in locally grown food has … Continue reading
Posted in Local Foods, News, Organic Agriculture Leave a comment
Local Grains Field Day at Janie's Farm Sept 10
If you are interested in local grains or tasty beer, bread or other foods made from them you will want to attend the Illinois Organic Growers Association field day that will take place at Janie's Farm on Sept 10. You … Continue reading
Whole-Farm Revenue Protection is Here
Hey check out USDA's Risk Management Agency (RMA) Whole Farm Revenue Protection (WFRP) crop insurance program which is now available in all states in the lower 48 for the 2016 crop year. The policy allows producers to insure between 50 … Continue reading
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New report on poverty and food workers by the Berkeley Food Institute
Laurel Fletcher, Saru Jayaraman, and Allison Davenport have just published a report, "Working Below the Line: How the Subminimum Wage for Tipped Restaurant Workers Violates International Human Rights Standards" that documents significant human rights deprivations for low-wage tipped workers in … Continue reading
Food Day U of I 2015
Wanted to remind folks that the Students for Sustainability http://ssc.union.illinois.edu/ are meeting for a potluck to celebrate Food Day. This will be in Murphy Lounge, Campus YMCA 1001 S. Wright Street from 3.30 to 6.00 PM. The day will take … Continue reading
Symposium on American Food Resilience (Part 1) released
Part 1 of the Symposium on American Food Resilience (13 articles) has now been published in the September issue of the Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences (http://link.springer.com/journal/13412/5/3/page/1#page-1). Part 2 (14 articles) will be in the December issue. The entire … Continue reading
Tom Vilsack at UIUC September 10th
Start getting your questions ready. On September 10th, our Department of Agriculture, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences will welcome Tom Vilsack to speak on "The role of public research universities in addressing international food security." We'd like to encourage folks to … Continue reading
Avian Influences: The Politics of the Mid-West Bird Flu Outbreak
Robert Wallace is an evolutionary biologist and social epidemiologist, and co-author of the groundbreaking Farming Human Pathogens (2009). In a recent blog post he addresses the recent – and ongoing – outbreak of avian influenza in the US. In this … Continue reading
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Events: Friday Forum Panel
Every semester, the University YMCA hosts a series of free talks on a particular issue relevant to the community. For Spring 2015, that issue is Food Justice. This week's Friday Forum will be a panel on Expanding the Local Food Movement, with … Continue reading
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2015 Conservation Stewardship Program Applications Due!
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) announced that funds will be available this year through the Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP). Although NRCS accepts applications all year, agricultural producers and forest landowners should submit applications by Feb. … Continue reading
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Airsoft Innovations Tornado Grenade (Yellow)
Reference: AI-ACC-TGYELLPrice: £80.00
Qty In Stock: Out of Stock
Location: M3-RJ-S5-P1-D0
• Propane powered! Can be configured for HFC134a too.
Airsoft Innovations Tornado Grenade YELLOW on Sale
• Propane powered! Can be configured for HFC134a too.
• Completely re-useable. Just reload bbs and gas!
• Blasts 200 x 6mm pellets
• Full 3D coverage. Not a shotgun blast or a disc distribution. A full spherical scatter!
• Consistent 3s timer!
• Tough design survives gazillions of throws! We don't know how many blasts to failure, but we'll keep counting.
• No loose parts to lose. Keep track of the pull pin though.
• Easy to quickly render safe for safezone handling.
• More exclaimation marks than EVER!
AI See AI Web site for demo
Details to follow


text: Had vehicle vandalized, am getting 24/7 video camera installed outside. Instead of getting an expensive DVR that can hook up several cameras I just want to run it to my PC for now, so what kind of capture card and software can I use for this? Is there software that breaks constant video into segments or something? thanks.


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on Sep 5, 2012 8:51 AM by 960064
Related to -useproxyclass converter option
Sep 5, 2012 8:51 AM
What does -useproxyclass option does for JCDK 3.0.1 and above.... Can you please share some links, materials related to this.
The reason I am asking this is if my applet has any references to global platform libraries the converter is failing with the error:
error: Could not find a java compiler (javac). Do you have a Java JRE (not SDK) installed?
But If I am passing this
option to converter, the error is not shown.
Edited by: 957061 on 5 Sep, 2012 1:51 AM
I have the same question
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Oh I have such a fun giveaway for your guys today! With mother's day right around the corner, I am partnering today with the amazing team at Studiopatro to give you a chance to win the perfect gift for mother's day – a gorgeous mother and child cooking set. The set comes with an adult kitchen apron, a kid apron, a tea towel and a bamboo spoon, and you'll be able to choose the color you want (choose between mineral, raspberry or slate).
Studiopatro sent me a set that I could try myself – and that got me into a cooking frenzy, I just want to wear my apron all the time. My husband barely recognizes me 😀 More seriously though, everything that comes in this set is beautifully crafted and just perfect for the kitchen – they have the perfect touch of color and I love the modern patterns and the feel of the linen. And my favorite thing? The adult apron crosses and ties in the back – so pretty, I feel a little fancy wearing it!
I am having so much fun cooking with my little Olivia these days (she has to taste EVERYTHING we cook with, she is such a cheeky monkey!), and no doubt that these mama + kid sets would make the perfect Mother's Day gift for a mama with young kids.
HOW TO ENTER THE GIVEAWAY: I am now recording all entries with Rafflecopter! See details on Rafflecopter on how to easily enter this giveaway. Also, don't forget to enter our other giveaway here, today is the last day!
a Rafflecopter giveaway
This giveaway is open to people worldwide, and will be open until Tuesday, May 7th at 11:59pm EST. A winner will be selected at random and contacted via email. Good luck everyone! This post is sponsored by Studiopatro.
Photo credit: all pictures of me and Olivia by the talented Alicia Swedenborg. Other pictures by Audrey Smit.
whenever I make pancakes, my daughter, Kate, loves to measure out the dry and mix the wet ingredients together.
My daughter loves to get out all the ingredients as I need them. Her favorite part of cooking is using the measuring cups. After I wash them, I let her take them in the tub and she pretends to cook whatever we just made.
My son likes to help us make our daily fruit smoothies. His favourite is definitely strawberry!
Not sure how to link a post on FB, so I just made the post public and linked my main profile.
Thanks and good luck to everyone!
Muffins…very hard to mess them up:)
Adorable Aprons! I bake with my 4 yr old daughter sometimes as often as once a week. Our favorites are Banana Bread & Zucchini Bread. We are pretty healthy and do a lot recipes that are made with almond flour, low sugar & add things like chia seeds & flax seeds.
Any kind of baking and my daughter is completely into. I think cookies are her favorite thing to make, though.
Ooooh my Enyeto is really into cooking. Mostly he eats the ingredients and not the final product. We make muffins and cookies and pizza. He squishes out the dough and spreads/eats the sauce and then places/nibbles the toppings all around. When I tell him not to eat something and he takes it out of his mouth and carefully puts it back on the pizza. Love you Audrey!
Ohh I can't wait to start cooking with my little girl, she is still 20 months… very soon.. Love your tuesdays giveaway Audrey
my son loves helping with pancakes and muffins. his fave part with muffins is putting the liners in the tins.
I just love baking anything with my little cherub – simple things are the best as we can both work together to create a culinary masterpiece! At the moment we have been making raspberry and coconut friands – our favourite part is beautifying the tops of them with raspberries and coconut thread. I think cooking is an essential life skill that children should have a good grasp on from as early an age as possible – it is also a lovely bonding activity for both mother and child.
Cooking with your children is so important – it helps to further their understanding in so many areas – counting, safety, words, foods etc. I have been really enjoying making little cupcakes with my girls – of course our favourite part is icing them and decorating them all sorts of goodies…….the majority of goodies seem to end up in little mouths rather than on top of the cakes though!
We love to make sugar cookies and of course there is always Taco Tuesday.
oops – accidentally posted this on another page my kids love cracking eggs…no matter what we're making that's always their most favorite part.
I'd love these so I could cook with my cousins:) We could make little cakes, just like I used to do with my mom:)
Im actually prego right now but I cant wait till those days come and have my child helping me around my kitchen:DDD excited:]
I love to have my children help me with dinner daily. It is so important to me that they be a part of the process and I know they will always have fond memories of cooking with mama!
You are both so beautiful in these pictures. I love that little sparkle Olivia always has in her eyes, like she is saying 'come here I have a funny storie to tell'. I wish I could meet all 4 of you
Such beautiful photos! I love making homemade pizza with my family
I love baking with my girls! Cupcakes are our favorite! They have fun decorating them!
hi, i use to cook while my daugher chops vegetables. We chat a lot during this time, and have fun!
Thanks, Radmila, firstname.lastname@example.com
I love baking bread or cookies with my four little ones!
we love making pancakes together! breakfast on the weekends is the one time of the week that we are all together and love spending that time making a fabulous breakfast!
My daughter loves helping with Cupcakes
I love making pizza with my son. Its something our whole family loves to eat and its even more special when you've put love into each layer.
I have so many memories associated with food. For example, every time I smell porridge, I think of my Dad getting up early in winter days to make it for me. I can't wait to make memories with food with our kids.


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View Talay Condominium 3 B is located in the prestigious Pratumnak Hill area, between Pattaya & Jomtien. The 20 storey building is serviced by 2 elevators.Building Amenities in View Talay 3B include parking, a communal pool, with restaurant and 24-hour security and CCTV. There is a mini mart and laundry service on the first floor.
The building has access to the beautiful Dongtan and within walking distance of local shops, services and restaurants.
Coastal Real Estate offers condos for sale and rent.


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Product Description
- Each piece within the Wyoming Collection has unique coloration & a natural patina. Most of the reclaimed boards have endured ten or more years in the rugged plains & mountains of Wyoming.
- Your barnwood linen closet has widely varying knot patterns, grain designs, and beautiful colors-ranging from rich grays to hints of orange & deep rust.
- The Wyoming Collection of barnwood furniture is an innovative blend of reclaimed, weathered wood fused with regionally-harvested solid woods.
- Bring this authentic rustic decor style into your bathroom and customize it to your style with your choice of hardware.
- Everyone will enjoy the rustic durability, fine traditional craftsmanship and timeless beauty.
- Your rustic linen closet will feature 2 doors with 2 shelves behind each for plenty of storage and organization.
Rustic Reclaimed Barnwood Two Door Wyoming Linen Closet
|22" W x 19" D x 72" H
|Typically Ships Via
|Motor Freight - LTL - Semi Truck
|Shipping Cost
|Free Shipping - Curbside/Tailgate Delivery
|Free Shipping Requirements
|Free Curbside/Tailgate Shipping within the Contiguous 48 States
|Usually ships in 4 - 6 weeks
|Limited Lifetime Warranty
|Wood Style
|Reclaimed Barn Wood


text: Well my long slide is off getting milled for a rmr. I decided to go shoot my stock slide today. Crap. I was spoiled with the long slide. Recoil was easy with full power loads. The stock slide kicked like a mule. My wrist and forearm feel it. What a bad problem to have. LOL.


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Monday, January 7, 2013 12:00 p.m. – 1:00 p.m. CT Webinar RegistrationTo register, please click the link below. Once you have registered, you will receive a confirmation email with instructions for joining the meeting. If you already registered for this meeting, you do not need to register again.
Program Overview
Locke Lord will provide a concise and timely preview of the 83rd Texas Legislature Regular Session, which convenes January 8 and adjourns May 27. This program will focus on issues essential to understanding or participating in the legislative process, including:• Composition of the 83rd Legislature and refresher on parliamentary procedure • Fiscal issues, including the budget, school finance and Medicaid • Major state issues, including water, education and transportation • What does this mean for my company or my client?
Robert Miller (Partner, Houston) Mr. Miller is chair of Locke Lord's Public Law section. Listed in Best Lawyers in America for Government Relations Law and named one of the top lobbyists in Texas by Capitol Inside, Mr. Miller has demonstrated his skill and dedication by lobbying local, state and federal governments on behalf of public and private concerns for more than 25 years. Gardner Pate (Associate, Austin) Mr. Pate is an associate in Locke Lord's Public Law section. Mr. Pate represents clients before the legislative and administrative branches of Texas state government, and was named one of the top contract lobbyists in Texas by Capitol Inside in 2011. In addition to lobbying efforts, Mr. Pate maintains an active practice advising clients on campaign finance laws and ethics compliance.
This program is pending approval for 1.0 hour of MCLE credit. Please specify the state from which you would like to receive credit when registering.
Who Should AttendCorporate counsel, tax attorneys and accountants (Texas state property, franchise, and sales taxes), chief operating officers, risk managers, and individuals who may interface with Texas state or local governmental agencies. ContactPlease contact Courtney Cavazos at email@example.com or 512-305-4778 with any webinar-related questions.


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4136 State Route 31
Clay, NY 13041
10am - 8pm
S: 10am - 6pm
Su: 11am - 5pm
5800 Bridge Street
East Syracuse, NY 13057
10am - 8pm
S: 10am - 6pm
Su: 11am - 5pm
The Fleet Feet Sports Personal Rewards program thanks customers for their loyalty by being truly rewarding. Each time you accumulate $250.00* in merchandise purchases you will receive a $25.00 gift certificate by email to use within six months on anything at Fleet Feet Sports, Syracuse. No sign up fee, no time limit for the points to accrue. It is simple and free. Best of all, your entire family's purchases can go on one account. You can sign up at the store any time.
Our database and your confidential private information will not be sold or shared with any third party entity.
*Terms and Conditions
PR Vouchers are redeemable only on future in-store purchases, PR Vouchers do not earn points toward other PR credits, PR Vouchers are not redeemable for cash and no change is given, PR Voucher total will be reduced by any merchandise returned or refunded, PR Vouchers will expire after six months after issue date. Purchases made with Promotional Gift Certificates are not eligible for accrual of PR Points. Gift Card purchases do not count toward PR Points. Purchases made with a Gift Card are eligible for accrual of PR Points. State sales tax applies to all purchases, including PR redemption purchases. The PR Program is reserved for individuals and same-household families. Organizations, corporations and non-for-profits are not eligible for membership. State sales tax amount does not apply toward PR Points. Service items such as equipment rental, training programs or races do not earn PR Points.


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Addressing the City's Biggest Public Health Challenges
Indianapolis ranks near the bottom of almost every measure of public health and healthy living. Two primary root causes of our city's poor health outcomes are tobacco use and opioid abuse, as evidenced by a smoking rate that is among the highest of the nation's 30 largest cities and the city's 253 drug overdose fatalities in 2015. Statewide, more than 11,000 people die each year from tobacco and more than 1,200 died in 2015 due to drug overdose. The economic impact on Indiana is also devastating. The annual economic burden in Indiana from tobacco is $6.8 billion. In 2014, drug overdose fatalities in our state resulted in $1.4 billion in medical costs and lost lifetime earnings.
Good health is a necessary condition for success in life, and is integrally linked to the ability of children and adults to thrive in school and in the workplace. Indianapolis cannot reach its full potential while its people experience the debilitating effects of significant public health challenges.
To this end, we have established two primary goals in our Health focus area: to reduce the rate of tobacco use, and to reduce the rates of prescription drug abuse and heroin use. Learn more about our strategies below, or contact us for more information.
Tobacco has long been understood to be an underlying cause of cancer and other illnesses. We've identified four strategies to help us reach our goal of an overall reduction in tobacco use in Indianapolis:
- Raising awareness of evidence-based policies to prevent and reduce tobacco use.
- Expanding access to evidence-based prevention programs and cessation treatments.
- Strengthening the infrastructure for tobacco control advocacy.
- Assessing tobacco control strategies and evaluating effectiveness of programs.
Opioid use disorder presents a different set of challenges and requires its own approach. The three strategies that we have identified to help us reach our goal of reducing the rates of opioid use disorder, including prescription drug abuse and heroin use, are:
- Raising awareness of the scope of the opioid epidemic and evidence-based policies to prevent and reduce opioid use.
- Expanding access to evidence-based prevention, treatment and harm reduction programs and initiatives, and supporting pilots for new programs and initiatives.
- Assessing opioid prevention, treatment and harm reduction strategies and evaluating effectiveness of programs.
Infographic: Opioid Use in Indiana, 2016 (PDF)


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Daredevil Season 1 Episode 5 Watch Online Free Full Movie putlocker , solarmovie
Genres: Action, Crime, Daredevil
Release Year: 2015
Director: Farren Blackburn
Stars: Charlie Cox, Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson
Daredevil Season 1 Episode 5 Vodlocker: World on Fire Watch Online Fisk moves forward with plans that threaten to rip Hell's Kitchen apart. Murdock and Foggy take on a case helping tenants victimised by a slumlord. When at dinner, Vanessa mentions a tall man wearing a white suit and a cravat. This is a mention to Fisk in various other forms, for example the animated Spideman series. After the perilous encounter with Wilson Fisk from last episode, the Russians are now excluded from the elite bad guys club. They might not be aware of, or even allow this development, but the volatile Russians are resorting to full blown violence nonetheless. This puts Daredevil and other bystanders in precarious position as Fisk also plays out his grand plan.


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To put it bluntly alternate endings on DVDs are usually tragically bad. They offer an absurd take on what could have been had a character made a different decision during the course of the story, and most of the time they're illogical and trite.
But what if alternate endings weren't limited to DVDs. What if you were given the option to re-live a key moment in your life that would drastically re-shape it? When you think about it life is essentially nothing more than a series of never ending decisions. Do I stay on the couch and watch TV or do I exercise? Do I go out tonight or do I stay in with my family?
The most simple and minute detail of your day that you might overlook could forever change your world as you know it. The simple choice of what dorm I wanted to live in my freshman year of college forever altered my life. I met some of my best friends til this day in that dorm, and they really helped me get through some difficult times during my freshman year. Not to mention the fact that some of the best times in my life happened with my friends in that dorm.
But I didn't put any thought into what dorm I selected I just picked one. Had I chosen any other dorm than the one I lived in my life would probably be totally different. I can't say if it would be better or worse, but it would no doubt be different.
And it's with that realization that I came to the place of pondering upon alternate endings in our reality. Just the idea that I could go back in my history and view what my life would be like had I made one different decision is both awe inspiring and haunting.
Because it's at that point that you realize that everything you do on a given day has the ability to impact your world in ways you never imagined. If I decide to get up and go for a run I could be mauled by a dog or if I stay in bed in sleep maybe my house might burn down. Life is fleeting and unfortunately there are no alternate endings. So do yourself a favor and make decisions that result in your happiness.


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The Northern Sea Route as a Shipping Lane: Expectations and Reality
Springer | Geography | September 7, 2016 | ISBN-10: 3319418327 | 219 pages | pdf | 9.13 mb
Authors: Pastusiak, Tadeusz
Covers the evaluation of the present and future capabilities of the Northern Sea Route for international transit traffic including analysis of uncertainties related to the navigation conditions and technical and economic determinants
Deals with the current state and prediction of a future development of maritime traffic on the Northern Sea Route as a regular merchant route for use by decision makers, ship owners and navigators
Brings together key issues on evaluation year-round navigation criteria by the Northern Sea Route between Europe and the Far East
This book analyses the current and future viability of the Northern Sea Route as a stable transport route for the international transit traffic between Europe and the Far East. It includes the present conditions, defining and evaluating viability factors for using the Northern Sea Route (NSR). The book makes a projection for NSR in the future, taking into account the climatic change in the Arctic findings presented in the IPCC report. This study, based on the authors PhD thesis, analyses meteorological, hydrologic, bathymetric and other data for the evaluation of the navigation criteria. It is intended for a wide spectrum of readers, from students and scientists of Earth sciences and polar geography, navigation, political science researchers and politicians interested in Arctic affairs.
Number of Illustrations and Tables
12 b/w illustrations, 46 illustrations in colour
Polar Geography
Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Mirror Links


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Head to Bluegrass Kitchen 7 p.m., Sunday this Valentines Day and hear Affrilachian poet Frank X Walker at the "Love Jones Poetry" happening along with other spoken word performers.
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Spoken Word Date
February 7, 2010
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The Clementines 2nd Halloween Cabaret show
October 24, 2009
Comments Off on The Clementines 2nd Halloween Cabaret show
Come to the The Clementines 2nd Annual HALLOWEEN CABARET, from 7 to 9:30 p.m., SATURDAY, Oct. 31 at Taylor Books, 226 Capitol St., in Charleston, W.Va. With special guests Option 22, Kathleen Coffee and The Flow. The Clementines feature Casi Null and Douglas Imbrogno (and whomever we rope into a current song). Come as someone […]


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There are a few classics that never really go out of fashion. Red lipstick, sleek black pumps, winged liner and of course the quintessentially classic navy and white polka dots.
There is something so clean and gorgeous about the combination of white and navy that it instantly adds a touch of class to your outfit.
I was sent this beautiful silk shawl hijab from Âme Adornement and was blown away by its quality. It is the perfect length/width and sits very well around the face as the fabric is spot on and it's edges are sewn well. The hijab is silk though not a flimsy sort of silk rather more like a sturdy chiffon. To be honest I thought I would have to iron the hijab as it travelled to me wrapped in a clear plastic gift bag and a small box but surprisingly I literally pulled it out and popped it on!
Here I have styled it with a black peg leg jumpsuit, black long-line knit with side splits, black leather boots, black faux fur clutch, black and gold cuff and of course the beautiful Âme hijab.


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Important Financial Disclosure
Financial Disclosure
This site has been published in the USA for residents of the USA. The information and/or links provided on this site are deemed to be from accurate and reliable sources. However, Peter Grandich & Company does not make any representations or guarantees as to its accuracy. The information discussed on this web site serves only as a general guide and is not intended to replace the advice of an attorney, financial planner, or qualified tax adviser.
Peter Grandich & Company
2431 Atlantic Avenue, Manasquan, NJ 08736
Phone: 732-642-3992
Privacy Statement: Your privacy is important to us! We are committed to preserving your trust and confidence, therefore:
- We do not share your email address or personal information with any other company.
- We do not sell or rent your email information with any other company.


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The Horseshoe Bay Resort Airport and Jet Center features a lighted 6,000 foot runway and can accommodate all personal and business aircraft up to a Regional jetliner. Aircraft parking, hangar spaces and fuel services are available on site.
The Resort Jet Center Team has the ability to handle all aspects of your aviation group business from room accommodations at our AAA four diamond resort, indoor/outdoor meeting space, golf outings, on-site.
Looking to play golf, shuttle service to and from Horseshoe Bay Resort is available so bring the clubs and we will get you from the runway to the fairway in no time.
Our FBO Services Include:
- Complete fuel services
- Volume fuel discounts
- Hangar storage
- Ramp space
- Lavatory servicing
- Ground power units
- Car rentals and limousine
- Executive conference rooms
Complimentary Services:
- Coffee, ice
- Newspapers
- Flight planning room
- Business services and wireless internet
Other Available Services:
- Aircraft charter, maintenance, management and sales
For more information contact: 830.598.6386 or via email at email@example.com


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Atletico bid hits the buffers
By Francisco Acedo
Last Updated: 01/01/70 1:00am
Atletico Madrid's bid to sign Jose Antonio Reyes has reached an impasse.
Atletico Madrid have admitted that their bid to sign Jose Antonio Reyes has reached an impasse after their failure to agree on a fee with Arsenal.
The Spaniards are understood to have offered é¼12 million (£8 million) for Reyes, but The Gunners are holding out for é¼18 million (£12 million).
"Our proposition was presented to Arsenal last week, but the English club have not moved forward," explained Atletico director of sport Jesus Garcia Pitarch.
"The situation is complicated by the financial differences between the two clubs."
Atletico's bid to land Reyes has been hampered by their failure to offload Martin Petrov, the player who would make way for the Spaniard.
The Bulgarian international winger has failed to settle in Spain since his move from Wolfsburg last summer and Atletico had been hoping to sell him on with the likes of Tottenham and Celtic both interested.
However, their failure to conclude a deal looks to have scuppered any move for Reyes, with Garcia Pitarch confirming they are now considering other, more affordable players.
"Now the operation has stopped and we are studying other options," he added.
City neighbours Real Madrid are also still interested in signing Reyes, but they too are unwilling to meet Arsenal's demands.
Real's latest offer is believed to have been a straight swap deal involving Robinho heading to Ashburton Grove in exchange, but that proposition is said to have been flatly refused by Gunners boss Arsene Wenger.


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If you're looking to clear up a municipal warrant, the city of St. Louis wants to help you out.
Over 51,000 people have outstanding warrants in the city of St. Louis, meaning that a simple traffic stop could lead to jail time.
For the next two weeks, those with active warrants can set a new court date without the worry of getting arrested.
Last week, the city launched a new website to see if you have any outstanding warrants.
© None


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(860) 347-1764
Didato's Oil Service
69 years in business151 William St
Middletown, CT 06457-3420
Fax Numbers
- (860) 347-6383
Additional Phone Numbers
- (860) 873-3876
Additional Website Addresses
Find a Location
BBB File Opened: 03/12/2003
Business Started: 01/01/1948
Business Incorporated: 05/29/1997 in CT
Type of EntityCorporation
Business Management
- Ms. Natalie Jarvis, Office Assistant
- Mr. Bruce Dutch, President
Business Category
- Fuel Oil
- Air Conditioning Contractor
- Heating Contractors
- NAICS: Fuel Dealers
Licensing, Bonding or RegistrationThis business is in an industry that may require professional licensing, bonding or registration. BBB encourages you to check with the appropriate agency to be certain any requirements are currently being met.
Didato's Oil Service is a Fuel Oil Dealer offering Heating and Air Conditioning contracting as well as Sheet Metal contracting.
BBB Reason for Ratings
Licensing information is provided in the BBB Business Profiles to inform the public about industries that may require professional licensing, bonding, or registration. Better Business Bureau encourages you to check with the appropriate agency to be certain any requirements are currently being met.
Advertising Review
BBB promotes truth in advertising by contacting advertisers whose claims conflict with the BBB Code of Advertising. These claims come to our attention from our internal review of advertising, consumer complaints and competitor challenges. BBB asks advertisers to substantiate their claims, change ads to make offers more clear to consumers, and remove misleading or deceptive statements.
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BBB reports on a company that is out of business for one year from the date the company closes its doors or ceases to do business.
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BBB reports on unauthorized use of the Better Business Bureau's name and/or logo for as long as the business continues to use it in any advertising, or for one year after the business ceases any repeated unauthorized uses.
BBB reports on a business's bankruptcy as long as the business remains in bankruptcy.
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"A BIG THANK YOU! from all of us for the wonderful dinner! I can't even tell you how many people complemented the wonderful Chicken Marsala! Your staff was so professional, yet easily approachable and helpful. A special thank you to our friend Annie – she guided us through this process, handled our numerous phone calls and changes, completed our every wish – I could feel her smile over the phone! Thank you!"
– Michelle Marrs
Historic 1625 Tacoma Place
"Thank you for catering the wedding of our daughter Becca and Claire Cox. The food was delicious! Your server were very helpful. We'd be more than happy to recommend your services! Blessings!"
– Tami and Ken
Kitsap Memorial Park
"We cannot tell you how incredibly grateful we are for all your help in planning our wedding. Thank you so much for telling us we were crazy to move it indoors at the last minute! It was such a pleasure to work with you and the staff at the wedding were all excellent – so friendly and thoughtful. The wedding was perfect – exactly what we wanted!"
– Darcy and Joe
Annie Wright School Commons
"I just wanted to take a moment to thank you for being a part of our amazing wedding day. Everything was wonderful. Our guests have not stopped raving about how delicious your food was. Even our Alaska guests were impressed with how the salmon was cooked 😉 Our wedding basket was an amazing last touch on a perfect day. Thank you! Please let me know where is the best place to leave our comments for future brides to see. We would recommend you to anyone! I will be sure to pass along any pictures the photographer may have captured. Thank you again!"
– Paige & Brenden Ryan
Tacoma Art Museum
"Bill and I were so thrilled with how the wedding turned out on Saturday. Kathy and her crew were top-notch professionals, handling all of the details with great skill and grace. Please pass on our thanks again to Kathy and team. The food was excellent, and the set-up elegant. Bill and I were especially pleased to see the basket of goodies when we came back on Sunday from our hotel. It was such a nice treat to get to taste the dinner once again and to have a piece of cake! Such a lovely touch. Thank you for all of your help in creating perfect day for us."
– Helen & Bill
Annie Wright School
"Ryan and I just wanted to thank you and the crew of Snuffin's for the wonderful job you did as the caterers for our wedding. You did an amazing job getting it all together as quickly and efficiently as you did, keeping me from feeling stressed and overwhelmed. Our food was excellent, many people said it was some of the best they had at a wedding. Also, the professionalism of your staff and yourself did not go unnoticed by my guests. Everyone appreciated the kind, silent service. Thanks!
– Melissa & Ryan Gustafson
Historic 1625 Tacoma Place
"Annie Butcher was in charge of my daughter's wedding at Thornewood Castle on July 14. I felt it was important to let you know how pleased my husband and I were with her and her work. Our event was a seamless and lovely success, largely due to her sense of organization and professionalism. This was my last daughter to be married, but look forward to working with Annie sometime in the future."
– Karen Larsen
Thornewood Castle
"Someone long ago coined the phrase, "you only get one chance to make a first impression" and the Snuffin's crew not only delivered an outstanding first impression, you created wonderful life long memories for us. From the very first meeting Melissa and Eric felt a connection and a commitment to deliver from you, that was not evident with others they interviewed. Your assistance in guiding our thoughts and ideas put an outstanding touch of detail to Melissa and Eric's vision of their wedding. You and the Snuffin's crew were efficient and courteous from the very moment you arrived, until we cleaned up and departed. We could not have made a better choice. From the quality of the food – to the presentation – to the service from yourself, the wait staff and bartender, Snuffin's exceeded our expectations."
– Mike and Lois Umpstead
Laurel Creek Manor
"We were and are delighted with Snuffin's food and service. Thank you and your very competent staff for making Sarah's wedding reception such a joyful occasion. The bartenders, servers and captain were terrific. The Wild Salmon was super! We are satisfied customers!"
– Marilouise Peterson
The Union Station Rotunda
– Tina & Gene Royer
Pt. Gamble Pavilion
"The wedding was just wonderful. Everything we could have hoped for. Snuffin's was wonderful! The tent, the food stations, the delicious food, the wonderful glasses of lemonade to start out with and, of course, your professional, smiling staff. We were all so happy with the beautiful tent and the way the tables looked. For me it was wonderful that I never considered worrying about any of the details because I was so confident in your management of the details. And in the end we were blessed with sunshine!
Please relay my sincere gratitude to all of your staff."
– Linda Remsberg
Thornewood Castle
"We are thrilled with the delicious food and impeccable service you provided at Katie and Seth's wedding. Many guests made it a point to tell us how much they enjoyed the food and I was so happy that we had plenty for all! People raved about the cheese spreads and how they were presented. Everything on the menu was cooked to perfection and the flavors were outstanding. Thank you very much for helping to make the day so perfect.
Thank you again for everything."
– Linda Derrig
Pt. Gamble Pavilion
"Thank you, Thank you! Once again your catering service was spectacular! We are impressed with your ability to come to our home once and from there determine exactly how everything wil be arranged and it did flow so smoothly. We appreciate your professionalism and attention to every detail. The food was delicious and beautifully presented. Annie and your staff are so pleasant and a joy to work with.
We thank you for all you did to make Julie and Lucas' wedding such a beautiful and memorable event. With sincere thanks,"
– Lori and Dan Durr
Private Residence, Lakewood
"We would like to thank you for the wonderful contribution to a happy wedding for Katherine and Luis at the Schmidt House. Guest's comments about the beautiful, delicious dinner continue. Everything was perfect and we, as parents, could enjoy it all and visit with family and friends.
Snuffin's is the best, and word will circulate about the service, beautiful tables and the best meal we've ever had at our or other's events. Again, our thanks to you, Snuffin's, Annie, Kathy and her friendly, efficient staff."
– Clyde and Irene Barlow
Schmidt House, Olympia
– Kristina and Chris Jensen
Laurel Creek Manor
"Thank you so much for all that you did for our wedding! The tables were gorgeous, the food delicious, the staff gracious, efficient and friendly. We really enjoyed our wedding and a lot of it had to do with Snuffin's! We also loved our bride and groom basket. We will always recommend Snuffin's. Thank you for everything!"
– Dick and Edie Cooke
Private Home, Tacoma
"I want to take a moment to thank you and your wonderful staff for doing a superb job of catering Kelly and Chad's wedding at the Pagoda on Saturday the 13th. The tables were beautiful, the food was great and your staff did a wonderful job of supplying our needs. They worked efficiently doing all that needed to be done to make this joyful occasion enjoyable for all.
The food was prepared and presented with perfection and our guests enjoyed it immensely. Thank you again and I will be sure to recommend "Snuffin's" every chance I get."
– John and Rebecca Robertson
Pt. Defiance Pagoda
I can't thank you enough for the amazing job you and your staff did at my daughter's wedding reception. Everyone who attended commented on the elegant, tasty food and the exemplary service. Absolutely everything was perfect! I found you and your company responsive, easy to work with, patient, thoughtful and always willing to help with the wedding planning stress got overwhelming. Thanks again for everything."
– Juley Torkomian
Thornewood Castle
"Thank you so much for catering our daughter's wedding reception! I thank you for your attention to details in all the planning, rental equipment reservations and food preparation. We were so pleased with everything Snuffin's did! The friendly personalities and professionalism of your staff is much appreciated. We received many compliments about the delicious food. We thank you for your willingness to serve from the seltzer bar prior to the ceremony – you were a hit on such a hot day! The buffet tables were beautiful and again, we were impressed with the fantastic food. We thank you from the bottom our hearts for helping make Corey and Jennifer's wedding reception an evening to be fondly remembered for many years!"
– With sincere thanks,
Dan and Lori Durr
"What you personally do at Snuffin's Catering is an art from start to finish. You listened carefully to our daughter, and you made the recommendations for the elegant, country, family style wedding dinner that unfolded so elegantly on June 12, 2005. Snuffin's set up at Lakewold was visually stunning and was managed by your staff with quiet dispatch. And what delicious food! – perfectly prepared, beautifully presented and again, served and cleared by your sensitive, professional staff. The dining flowed at a pace that seemed to be set by the guests with all their toasts and speeches, not by the kitchen. You wrote, "The meal is the experience of community" and you made it happen. When we thank you for being businesslike, we mean that we' re grateful for your efficiency and expertise in handling numerous details. But, the heartfelt thank you from both of us, from Margaret and Gary and from our entire, satisfied party, is for the superior aesthetic you brought to our daughter's wedding. We had great expectations, and you exceeded them. Yours appreciatively, from two big fans."
– Susan & Albert Fuchs (parents), Margaret & Gary's Wedding
Lakewold Gardens
"Thank you so very much for catering my wedding! The food was delicious and so wonderful! My husband and I and our guests really enjoyed the buffet you prepared! The display was elegant and perfect! The staff you chose to serve the event were very nice and very helpful!
They recommended to my Mother-in –law to snap pictures of the buffet pre-guests, which was wonderful so we could see what it looked like before the dinner began. The basket they put together for my husband and I was perfect! Your staff took time to add all of the keepsakes I would want along with the wonderful food.
Thank you so much for all that you and your staff did to make my wedding perfect and everything I could have hoped for!"
– Kristey (Black) Kendall
Lakewold Gardens
"Snuffin's catered my daughter Kelly's wedding reception at the Pagoda. This was my first time to host a catered event, but it will not be my last!
Annie was our coordinator. She was marvelous! She listened to and understood my daughter's wishes and desires or her wedding reception. Annie gave helpful suggestions for everything and always responded promptly to Kelly's emails. I strongly feel that the reception would not have been as successful as it was without her expertise and helpful guidance.
The quality and presentation of the food was outstanding! The compliments were flowing all afternoon- everyone enjoyed the buffet immensely. Kelly and Edwin loved their basket too-they were hungry by the end of the evening
I don't know if I can even begin to covey to you have wonderful your staff was! Kathy and her crew were efficient, well-organized and completely professional. They made everything go so smoothly, from set-up to clean-up, and they did it all in a relaxed, happy manner. All of them are awesome representatives of your company!
Many thanks to you, your company, and your superior staff for being such a large part of Kelly's perfect wedding!"
– Kristy Brewster
Pt. Defiance Pagoda
"In the past few months, I have had the pleasure of working with Snuffin's Catering on three different events. Every event was as individual as our clients were. At each and every wedding, all throughout the reception I would receive or hear comments from the guests that this was by far the best 'wedding food' they had ever tasted. How it was not the 'normal stuff' you see at receptions. I personally have to agree. Your food is ALWAYS delicious, as well as beautifully and uniquely displayed. Your staff are some of the most competent, fun and reliable caterers I have had the pleasure of working with. Everyone is smiling and looking like they are enjoying what they do.
Your professionalism in listening to what the clients are saying, and producing exactly what their needs are is exemplary and your budgets are completely competitive and reasonable. I would recommend Snuffin's to any of my future clients and look forward to many more events with you and your staff in the future."
– Merry Beth Turpin
Aisle of View, Seattle
"I wanted to let you know how pleased I was with the staff, food, and decorations at our event last night. The staff was awesome! Not only were they professional, they were helpful with advice and suggestions in order to make the night run smoothly. The lead server, Monica, was fantastic! The food was first-rate. I am so glad that I chose Snuffin's to cater our event! I will definitely recommend your services to anyone I know looking for good food and quality staff.
You guys are the best!"
– Liz Brown
University of Puget Sound
"Just a note to say thank you for all your efforts at our Christmas party. Everyone had an amazing time and the food was great! Thanks for all your time and help."
– Erin Babbo, Public Affairs Manager
Tacoma Narrows Constructors
– Mary Agnew, Sr. Vice President – Investments
Salomon Smith Barney Inc.
"We have events that cater to a very sophisticated, international client base. We need upscale and class all the way. Snuffin"s food styling and professionalism are exceptional. They've been our caterer for over 20 years."
– Joetta Cook, Meeting Services
Russell Investment Group


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A MOTHER taken into immigration detention after her baby was dumped on a Sydney doorstep has been released on a bridging visa.
A surprised Auburn resident answered his doorbell in April to find a one-year-old baby girl abandoned on his doorstep.
The discovery of the girl, named by authorities as Mai, sparked an urgent public appeal to help find the mother.
Less than 24 hours after Mai was left with nothing but baby formula and a blanket, her 24-year-old mother came forward after recognising her daughter's picture in the media.
The mother was taken into immigration detention at Villawood in Sydney after it emerged she was not allowed to be in the country.
The Chinese national and her child were later moved to immigration housing.
Police are still trying to locate the baby's father over the doorstep-dumping incident.
The mother has avoided immediate deportation and is living in the community.
"I can confirm that the woman from the People's Republic of China ... has been released from immigration detention to live in the community on a bridging visa E (BVE) pending the outcome of their immigration matters," a spokeswoman for Immigration Minister Scott Morrison told AAP.
"Both mother and child are well."
The visa allows a person to stay in Australia while they await an immigration decision.
Originally published as Baby Mai and mother out of detention


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Farmhouse, mercatale val di pesa, firenze, toscana
" "34 Reviews
Hotel classification
Typical products
Info and Description
Location: situated in the heart of the Chianti region and located in a dominant position on the Pieve di Santo Stefano at Campoli (Ninth Century), it offers our guests a wonderful panoramic view.
Description: the farmouse is a 60 sqm barnhouse, which has been completely restored.
This independent and detached property allows the possibility to...
Surroundings: located about 20 km from Florence and 40 km from Sienna, the farmhouse is ideally positioned to visit the most beautiful, cultural and gastronomic sites in the Tuscany region, such as San Giminiano, Volterra, Greve, Panzano and Montefioralle.
It is possible to reach these places, not only by car, but also on foot or by bicycle, crossing through woods, olive groves, vineyards, characteristic places rich in history, culture and truly beautiful.
What to do: just a few kilometres away in San Casciano Val di Pesa, there is a large swimming pool facility with panoramic views and is open all day.
Horse riding is available in Mercatale Val di Pesa, where expert help is at hand to plan and arrange pleasant treks through the Chianti region.
At Tavarnelle Val di Pesa you can also realise your dreams by taking a hot air balloon ride for a bird's eye view of the beautiful hills and countryside of Tuscany.
All accommodation
2 - 7
- The Rostre apartment has a living room / kitchen with fridge, stove, washer, iron and ironing board, hairdryer, fireplace visible from the bedroom. Double bedroom with bathroom with shower and...
2 - 7
- Double bedroom with bathroom with shower and fan, hair dryer. The windows are fitted with mosquito nets.
2 - 7
- The apartment has a living room / kitchen with fridge, stove, washing machine, iron and ironing board, hair dryer, fireplace visible from one of the two double bedrooms. Both rooms have bathroom...
Photo gallery
- General services:BabysittingParkingOwner presentHeatingPets allowedBarbecueExtra towels changeExtra sheets changeInfant bedOutdoor lightingWashing machineSheets - towels (weekly change)Extra bedFinal cleaning
- Technology Services:Internet connectionWi-Fi Internet access
- Sports Services:Hiking
Nearby services and places
2 Km. Automobile
3 Km. Food
3 Km. Restaurant-Pizzeria
3 Km. Supermarket
3 Km. Bar - Cafe
3 Km. Bus - Tram
3 Km. Chemist
Terms and Conditions
- Arrival time: from 12:00 - to 19:00
- Departure time: The accommodation must be left by 10:00
- In case of arrival out of the estimated time of arrival we kindly ask you to let know as soon as possible.
Down payment
Booking on request: The booking requires a deposit of 40%
Instant Booking: The booking requires a deposit of 40%
Payment method accepted: Bank Transfer - Credit card
Credit cards accepted:


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Politico and Mudville Gazette have the latest leak from the Obama transition team, and this time it's actually some good news:
Defense Secretary Robert Gates has agreed to stay on under President-elect Barack Obama, according to officials in both parties. Obama plans to announce a national-security team early next week that includes Gates at the Pentagon and Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-N.Y.) as secretary of state, officials said.
The current SECDEF, Robert Gates, has been hailed as competently running our counterinsurgency conflicts in both Iraq and Afghanistan. The loudest opposition has been from the anti-war fanatics in Code Pink, who could not be reached for comment at this time, since they are busy committing treason in Iran. The other reason for opposition seems to be that putting a Republican in charge of the DoD will show that Democrats are weak on national security. From Open Left:
Further, keeping Gates on would only worsen Democratic image problems on national security, as he would be the second consecutive non-Democratic Secretary of Defense nominated by a Democratic President. The message would be clear: even Democrats agree that Democrats can't run the military.
For the record, Gates is a registered Independent, and I'd wager most Americans are more interested in successfully stabilizing Iraq and Afghanistan than the John Wayne-like branding of the Democratic party.