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Le Douet Allan 13.4Km
Moulines, Saint Hilaire du Harcouet
Renovated farmhouse set in the Normandy countryside approximately 4 kilmetres from Saint Hilaire du Harcouët. The property is at the end of a short gated drive on just under 3 acres of land. Views across open countryside. There is a terrace with a gazebo where breakfast may be taken if the weather is suitable. There is ample free parking for cars and secure parking is available for cyclists and motor cyclists. As we do not supply evening meals, we offer free transport into town for cyclists and motor cyclists and collection after. We have only 1 room for 2 adults only. No Dogs.
70Contact More info Add
Manoir du Jardin 15.6Km
You stay in a manor house of the sixteenth century moated castle, located 36km from Mont St Michel. pretty garden. 3 bedrooms await you (new bedding): 1 double bedroom with twin beds and shower 1 double bedroom with double bed and shower 1 double bedroom with a large bed and bathroom Lounge with TV available. Breakfast in the courtyard or in the dining room.
90Contact More info Add
L'escapade Champêtr.. 16.0Km
Champ du Boult
In their beautiful stone, Josiane and Denis will be pleased to welcome you to the country getaway, spacious and lush insured.
52Contact More info Add
Le Presbytere 22.5Km
St Bomer Les Forges
19th century Chambres d'Hotes in lovely rural Normandy village called St Bomer les Forges. Set in private gated gardens and orchards just off the main road between the Medeival town of Domfront and Flers and within one and a half hours drive from Caen, the Normandy Landing Beaches and Cemeteries, Bayeux, Mont St Michel and St Malo. Ideal as a base for visiting these places of interest or a relaxing and tranquil home from home to recharge your batteries and enjoy the local countryside and village bar and restaurant.
3Contact More info Add
Gite la Loussaudrie 25.3Km
Cottage at Pontmain next to Fougères
250Contact More info Add
Lesage 27.2Km
in the heart of Normandy, beautiful bed and breakfast comfortable rated 4 stars by France cottages, all shops nearby
70Contact More info Add
La Bureliere 27.3Km
La Bureliere is set in the country, approx. 2km from Gorron. The B&B room has a double bed, private access, tea & coffee making facilities, TV, hairdryer & WIFI. A double futon can also be made up, for which there is a charge. There is direct access onto the garden, with views over our lake and a secluded outside seating area. Parking is adjacent to the room, undercover parking also available. A Continental breakfast is served in the dining room, or weather permitting, can be served outside and consists of fresh bread and pastries, freshly brewed tea and coffee, fresh fruit and yoghurt.
45Contact More info Add
Normandy Inn 29.2Km
Normandy Inn is set in a tranquil woodland setting with a network of footpaths and ponds to explore. We have four bright, clean, modern, en suite rooms, catering from 2-5 people per room and can accommodate 13 people in total. There is a welcoming dining and lounge area, with access to a small kitchen where there is complementary tea, coffee and other drinks; you are also welcome to prepare your own food. We have one ground floor room and the others are upstairs, each with a beautiful view. There is quiet reading area on the first floor.
2Contact More info Add
Le Chateau Jaune 4.6Km
Traditional french farmhouse with exposed beams and open fire
56Contact More info Add
Le Haut Thou 9.5Km
Lower Normandy, independent house in the countryside
350Contact More info Add
Bonsentier 10.3Km
Set in tranquil surroundings with views over rolling breath Taking valleys and woodlands. Lovely Two bedrooomed farmhouse Gite.
190Contact More info Add
La Nesliere Chambre.. 10.7Km
St. Symphorien Des Monts
Quiet, charming organic B&B in the heart of the Normandy countryside. Evening meals available. Large gardens. Waterfalls nearby. The Mont St Michel is just 45 minutes away.
8Contact More info Add
Ferme de La Gortier.. 13.6Km
Le Teilleul
The Rousseau family which welcomes you on its farm in service. Marie-angel, Christelle, Sébastien and the children (Justine, Simon and François) invite you to take time to live, to share and to enjoy the simple pleasures of the campaign(countryside). They will speak to you about the evolution of the agriculture(farming) through the heritage(holdings) built, kept(preserved) in the authentic since 4 generations. They knew how to ally TRADITION and MODERNITY. Rooms in a guest house in the farm, Holiday cottage(Shelter), Snack in the farm, Breeders of Norman cows, producers of perry AOC DOMFRONTAIS(PROTECTED DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN DOMFRONTAIS), Cider and Calvados. Situated in La Manche in him(it) Teilleul between Domfront and St Hilaire du Harcouet on the axis Paris - Mont St-Michel.
1Contact More info Add
La Petite Grange 14.4Km
La Chapelle-uree
Situated between the triangle of Brecey, Avranches and St Hilaire du Harcouet, the property has all the rural qualities you could hope for whilst still only being 30 minutes from the coast. La Petite Grange offers excellent links to local amenities, small towns and great places of interest. Le Mont St Michel and the beautiful sandy beaches of Normandy to the West and the D-Day landing beaches to the north. This central location in the heart of Normandy means you can enjoy it all from a very comfortable base.
350Contact More info Add
La Petite Maison Ma.. 14.4Km
La Chapelle-uree
La Petite Maison May is a cute little cottage set in 3 acres of garden with its own patio area. We are situated between Brecey, St Hilaire du Harcouet and Avranches making it the perfect base to visit all the historical sites as well as being close to the coast.
450Contact More info Add
Maison May 14.4Km
La Chapelle-uree
Family Friendly Maison May is English owned by Paul and Jan. This luxury bed & breakfast is set in 3 acres of gardens perfect for children to play and parents to watch and relax. We are situated half way between Brecey and St Hilaire du Harcouet and have all the rural qualities you could hope for whilst still only being 30 minutes from the coast. Maison May offers excellent links to local amenities, small towns and great places of interest like Le Mont St. Michel and the amazing D-Day beaches. This central location means you can enjoy Normandy at its best from a very comfortable base.
1Contact More info Add
Sarl du Relais Post.. 17.2Km
Spacious rooms with bathroom and toilet with private rooms overlooking the countryside for the disabled
23Contact More info Add
Le Bouddha du Lac 17.3Km
2 charming guest rooms, quiet and relaxing on the lake and the golf Dathée in Normandy. Our 2 rooms have an independent entrance, a private bathroom and toilet.
90Contact More info Add
Les Clématites 17.6Km
Saint Cyr Du Bailleul
Clematis are in a small village Heritage 1 Km from the county 976, between Domfront and Le Teilleul; we are in the village; The Vélocénie Chartres circuit Mt ST Michel, passes 1 Km 200 of our accommodation (greenway, by former railway path rejoingnant Mortain, to go to Mt Saint Michel.
45Contact More info Add
L'as Gourmand 18.5Km
Brécey, 25 km from the Bay of Mont-Saint-Michel, offers quality tourist facilities in a quiet and rural setting in the heart of Normandy.
1Contact More info Add
Le Petit Clos 18.9Km
We welcome you to our traditional house, modern interior, in Vire Normandy, in the Calvados department. You will enjoy a quiet area in the countryside, with terrace and courtyard (possibility of parking and easy access to the house. Bicycle Shelters) Our home puts you at your disposal a lounge with a small poolA fully equipped kitchen and 4 rooms from 2 to 6 places with bathrooms en suite. The nearest shops are 900 m.
1Contact More info Add
Chambre avec jacuzz.. 18.9Km
B & B 35m2 with spa. View on the Bay of Mont Saint Michel
1Contact More info Add
Gîte de Charme, Vue.. 18.9Km
Cottage, view outstanding on the Bay of Mont St Michel, Cottage 4 people. Fully equipped kitchenette, living room, 2 bedrooms upstairs, spacious wooden terrace. 2 WC. Cabin in the trees also. Unusual night in love
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Pavillon 19.8Km
Fougerolles du Plessis
In the quiet village, rent 2 guest rooms, each with a bed 2 places, possibility bébé.salle bed with shower, separate toilet, all common to the two chambres.A1h St Malo and Mont St Michel . Onsite all amenities (doctor, pharmacy, bank, supermarket ...) lake with fishing, hiking trail; 45 euros including breakfast (hearty, homemade jams)
45Contact More info Add
M Et Mme Delamare 22.0Km
Saint Martin de Tallevende VIRE NORMANDIE
The Martilly located in Vire normandie turns around, not far from the Hippodrome Robert Auvray and Lake Dathée. You can book your room from 35 euros per night. Environment guest rooms: Countryside - Lake / River / Lake Plan (on site). City or nearby attractions: Bayeux, Granville, Cherbourg LE MONT SAINT-MICHEL, CAEN
35Contact More info Add
Adel 22.1Km
Halfway between the medieval city perched Domfront and Notre Dame area. The GUESTHOUSE "Belle-vue Domfront" are the ideal setting for a relaxing night while contemplating the magnificent views of the Grove Ornais. Two double bedrooms with WIFI access, private parking, a large garden and can accommodate boarding horses available to you. In addition to the continental breakfast, refreshments available through the host table.
68Contact More info Add
NumeroCINQ Chambres.. 22.2Km
Numero Cinq Bed and Breakfast is the perfect base from which to explore this fascinating region of Normandy. Open all year round we offer you clean and comfortable accommodation with arguably some of the best south facing views of the Varenne valley in town. Three double rooms, two of which transform into twin rooms, are available all with own en-suite bathrooms and unrivalled views. A continental breakfast is served at your preferred time consisting of that mornings fresh croissants and baguette, Normandy butter and preserves along with a choice of cereals and yoghurts. A never ending supply of fresh coffee, tea or hot chocolate and orange juice are on tap whilst you plan your days must do's and must see's.
60Contact More info Add
Le Marronnier 22.4Km
500Contact More info Add
Le Grand Pacey 22.4Km
Within the confines of a small dairy farm typical of Normandy, you will receive in two cozy and comfortable in the attic of our house away from any main road you will be quiet. Welcome cyclists to the greenway and the bike route and we will be at your disposal to help you with any travel!
45Contact More info Add
Les Portes de Breta.. 22.8Km
We offer gites and guest rooms renting at Louvigné-du-désert in the Brittany countryside.
30Contact More info Add
Clairmont 23.0Km
Bagnoles deL'Orne
Bed and Breakfast in an old hotel with a large garden, very quiet, in the spa town of L'Orne Bagnoles
55Contact More info Add
Les Touches 23.4Km
St Georges de Reintembault
Sue and Jerry welcome you to their Bed and Breakfast accommodation situated on the river Lair at the crossroads to both Brittany and Normandy. Les Touches is a 17th century detached Breton farmhouse situated at the bottom of a quiet country lane, with no passing traffic and is therefore very safe for children, allowing your stay to be both peaceful and relaxing.We also have a swimming pool available for guest use.
65Contact More info Add
Les Cabanes de Mari.. 23.6Km
st do
Between Rennes and Saint Malo near the Canal d'Ille et Rance, Mary welcomes you to his house more than two centuries. In a charming atmosphere, you can choose between either a guest or between two huts. You can enjoy your breakfast in a room designed for your comfort and privacy. A kitchenette is available and a private garden.
2Contact More info Add
Cottages in Brittan.. 24.6Km
Four self catering cottages in Brittany, France that have been restored to provide modern conveniences while retaining all the charm of a typical French farmhouse. Leaving in lots of the original features, like granite walls and exposed oak beams. There are 2 acres of gardens with views over undulating farmland. A perfect place for all the family to enjoy, children can play in the heated pool, while the parents relax under a tree with a good book and a glass of wine.
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La Tourtelière de H.. 24.6Km
A few km from VILLEDIEU the stoves and VIRE this stone house can comfortably accommodate 4 people. Quiet environment, in the countryside and all shops of food to 3 km - Surface of the accommodation 90 m². * Ground floor: Living room and open kitchen of 45 m², * On the first floor two bedrooms + separate WC and shower room. * In the basement: laundry room with washing machine and dryer The lodging is open all the year, and rented to the week with possibility short stay (min 2 nights) except school holidays.
n/aContact More info Add
L'Angeviniere 24.6Km
St Laurent de Terregatte
Located in a small hamlet in the hollow of the bay of Mont St Michel, near Ducey and Sélune (river famous for its salmon), our house is a renovated farmhouse of character. We offer two rural (4 / 5 persons labeled Gites de France 3 ears) and a guest room (3épis GDF) Ideally located for exploring Brittany and Normandy.
1Contact More info Add
Le Moulin de Courso.. 24.9Km
This cottage is a renovated old mill stone of 100m2, situated beside the river "La Senen" and a little removed from the roadside. Private parking for parking voituresVous There is also a green area with lawn and arbustesTranquillité assured and calm.
1Contact More info Add
Chambres D'Hôte de .. 25.1Km
Located on the edge of the Grove Ornais and Switzerland Normande, 60 km from the landing beaches and Mont St Michel, the 3 guest rooms of Mottette invite you to spend a night or more in the heart of picturesque countryside . Habitation of the XVII th century renovated, this former communal winepress combines contemporary comfort with authentic environment of the stone and oversized beams. Placed on a plot of 2400 meters fully closed, this property has a large car park, a petanque pitch and a gantry with children games.
56Contact More info Add
Arts in the Garden 26.8Km
Located in Morigny, Arts in the Garden offers a landscaped garden with Japanese maple trees, a terrace with views of the countryside and painting workshops and Indian cuisine classes. Vire is a 25-minute drive away. Individually decorated with international art, all rooms feature a DVD player and free Wi-Fi access. They are complete with an en suite bathroom. A continental breakfast serving homemade jam is provided each morning at Arts in the Garden. Guests can also sample Indian, French or international cuisine for dinner, available upon request. Le Mont Saint Michel and Caen are both just under an hour?s drive away. Free private parking is possible on site.
Les Jardins 27.3Km
Les Jardins is a B&B located in Poilley, 18 km from Mont Saint Michel and only 2 km from the A84 motorway. Free WiFi access, free parking and a covered terrace in the garden are available, while you can also borrow bikes for free. One of the rooms has private bathroom and toilet, the others have shared shower-room and toilet. Breakfast is served every morning in the communal room, and you can also relax in the shared lounge. Dinard Airport is 67 km away and guests can drive an hour and half to reach the Normandy Landing Beaches.
Chambres d'hôtes "L.. 27.5Km
Saint Quentin sur le Homme
In 15 min. of the Mont Saint Michel, among Avranches and Ducey, Lucette and Jean-Louis welcome you in a house of aroud thirty year, surrounded with a flowery and shaded garden. The residence is situated on the border of Normandy and Brittany.
65Contact More info Add
Huardière 27.7Km
Close to Villedieu-les-Stoves (cited copper) in the Channel. Charming rural house for 6 people. The dining room has a working fireplace. The rooms are well lit. Many activities are available in the region (Zoo Champrepus 14km). Le Mont St Michel is 50km.
200Contact More info Add
Chambres D'Hôtes La.. 27.8Km
La Fleur et Le Pot .. 28.0Km
Our two gites, which are full of character, are situated in wonderful coutryside which nestles with the borders of Brittany, Normandy and Mayenne only 35 minutes from Mont Saint-Michel.
300Contact More info Add
Loft à la campagne 28.1Km
Situated in Saint-Martin-des-Champs, this apartment features a garden with a barbecue. The unit is 15 km from Le Mont Saint Michel. Free WiFi is available throughout the property. A microwave, a fridge and a stovetop can be found in the kitchen and there is a private bathroom. A flat-screen TV and Nintendo Wii are featured. Free private parking is also available on site. Cancale is 39 km from Loft à la campagne, while Granville is 27 km away. The nearest airport is Dinard Brittany Airport, 57 km from Loft à la campagne.
Château La Rametièr.. 28.3Km
Set on top of a hill in Plomb, this 19th-century chateau is 30 km from the famous Mont-Saint-Michel. You can explore the 1.6-hectare park or relax by the fireplace in the period-style lounges. The rooms at Château La Rametière are elegantly decorated and feature antique furniture. Each one has views of the park and a seating area with an LCD TV and a DVD player. Rooms have a private bathroom with a spa bath, bathtub or walk-in shower. The self-catering holiday home has a fully equipped kitchen with a dishwasher. A continental breakfast is served every morning next to the piano in the dining room. The hosts can also prepare set menus of French cuisine for dinner, upon prior reservation. A hot tub and free private parking are some of the other facilities at this guest house. A motorcycle garage is also available on site. Other local attractions include Avranches and its Gothic-style cathedral, a 10-minute drive away, and Mont Saint Michel marshes, less than 30 km away. WiFi access is available in the communal areas and in some rooms.
Gîte de la Colmont 28.3Km
The marches of Normandy and Brittany, the Colmont Cottage offers accommodation for 30 to 60 people. "Gîtes de France" 3 ears, it is close to all amenities. Open all year.
n/aContact More info Add
La Verte Vallée 28.8Km
You wish to get fresh ideas right in the heart of Norman Switzerland, we suggest you staying in a building renewed traditionally, in stones of the country, equipped with a wooden fire, with a washer the linen, of a tumble-dryer, a dishwasher, a small fitted out cooking(kitchen), a living room with television, a bathroom and two rooms in the floor (1 room with 1 double bed + 1 single bed; and the second room with a bed of 2 persons). Open view on the valley of Cerisy. This shelter will be functional in January, 2010
250Contact More info Add
Les sources 29.1Km
Set in a renovated, 16th-century farm, Les Sources is located 20 km from Mont Saint-Michel and features a garden and a terrace. The bedrooms have antique furniture and provide access to a private bathroom and a common dining area. The heated bedrooms at Les sources offer a garden view, a seating area and a private entrance. Some have a fireplace or nautical elements. The continental breakfast made with regional products is served in the dining area. You can use the microwave and the refrigerator of the property. French restaurants are located 400 metres away. Guests are invited to use the wired internet access in the public areas and to visit the farm animals of the property. It is 6 km from Avranches Train Station and 60 km from the city of Dinan. A free car park is available on site.
Le Domaine des Chev.. 29.8Km
The Domaine des Chevaliers de Malte is the new exceptional gem from which to contemplate the rooftops of the ancient town of Villedieu-les-Poêles.
146Contact More info Add


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In this guest post, we'll find out if ransomware attacks will continue to prevail in 2017 and what you can do to protect your data from cyber criminals.Read More
Tag Archives: data management
How to spring clean your devices properly
If your devices need a spring clean, what's the best way of approaching this? Find out how to clean up your devices properly and without losing data.Read More
What's the best way of migrating to and from Commvault?
Discover the top triggers that initiate the need to migrate backup tapes from solution to another and what makes a Commvault migration difficult.Read More
What is 'virtualisation sprawl' and how do you stop it?
Find out what 'virtualisation sprawl' is and how you can take steps to prevent it from happening.Read More
Encryption – what's needed to crack it?
Data encryption: what methods are used and how to "crack" themRead More
7 deadly threats to your tape accessibility
Think you've got a good handle of your tape library? Your data might be lost without you even knowing until it is too late. Find out what to watch out for.Read More
Encryption decrypted: learn how your data is protected online
Data encryption, its processes, methods and technical information are explained in this simple guide.Read More
Virtualised tape library – the silver bullet of business continuity?
Learn the pros and cons of switching to a virtualised tape library (VTL) and whether it is right for your business needs.Read More
4 things you need to know before moving to Office 365
4 things your organisation needs to consider before upgrading to a cloud service such as Office 365 with Exchange Online.Read More

subset: commoncrawl


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Belleville Story Trailer (2010)
01 January 2010 Fantasy, Drama, Sci-Fi 85 mins
Freddie is starting as a thug for Jazdec the Polish, a pimp and concealer of illicit goods. Freddy's love for Larna, whom he dreams to snatch from prostitution, drive them into jeopardy under the clutches of a Chinese Godfather. To see Larna alive, Freddie must kill the so-called Mr. Zhu, a strange Chinese Zorro who just arrived in Paris to retrieve a young runaway fellow countrywoman.
Watch the official Belleville Story 2010 trailer in HD below or find more Belleville Story videos on Vidimovie.


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'General Industry Discussions' started by J&R, Apr 5, 2007.
I don't I got feedup with people calling looking for a cheap price.
For me its, "Hey man, I'm right here beside you at the light... uh... ya'll hiring?" To which I reply, "Maybe, when will be a good time to meet with you for an interview?" They follow up with, "Uh... I'm not really lookin for a job, I just need ya to sign this paper for my unemployment check."
And to think... I, or should I say, We pay taxes for this?
So its different when they get your name from a phone book or ad?
In NY the name must be on the vehicle door along with the DOT #. So unfortunately you can't get away from stuff like that. I have never had a problem though.
Check with your state's department of motor vehicles. Most states it's the law to at least have a company name on a commercial vehicle.
NJ you have to at least have the company name on the truck.
Its the Law.
I could go on a rant, but I wont. lol
i mounted 2 clown cows on truck and we see people looking at cows then they look at sign on doors best advertising there is
Are they looking at the clowns IN the truck, or ON the truck? LOL
Just had to say it!!
thats just not right, its funny as hell though. hey if it works run it


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Realizing the importance of first impressions, members of the Lyndon House Arts Foundation are hosting a special event to unveil the beautiful expansion and renovation of the historic Ware-Lyndon House at the corner of Hoyt and Jackson streets on the northern edge of downtown Athens.
The Foundation has scheduled ``First Impression,'' a revealing tour and party to show off the new Lyndon House Arts Facility on Friday evening.
The affair, intended to raise funds for the Arts Center's Gallery Shop, will start at 6 p.m. with a private tour of the tax-funded community facility and the historic Lyndon House currently being restored. The Foundation, itself, has contributed $150,000 worth of improvements or furniture to the project. At 7 p.m. the festivities continue with live music, food from Trumps Catering and a silent auction featuring prints from such renowned local artists as the late Lamar Dodd, Alan Campbell and works from Peter Loose, Bill Hugg, Marie Gayeski, Chris Novey, Bonnie Montgomery and Margaret Agner.
Tickets for the tour and party are priced at $100. Admittance to just the party is $25 for paid members of the foundation and $50 for non-members who also will receive a one-year membership. Because the Foundation is a non-profit entity, donations are tax-deductible. For information on tickets call (706) 613-3623. And if you can't make the fund-raising event, the facility opens to the public on Saturday.
The tour will cover the 38,000-square-foot modern addition to the Lyndon House Arts Facility as well as the original house which was built in 1850. The newer complex boasts seven studio/classrooms which include a photography studio, printmaking room, fiber arts area and a painting and drawing studio. The historic, two-story Greek Revival Lyndon House with its Italianate influence is being restored with the upstairs being used for county Arts and Leisure Department staff offices and with the downstairs being set up as a museum. The ground floor has been stocked with donations or loans to the Foundation of period furniture from the 1850s to the 1890s and documents and artifacts from Athens history so as to display the cultural, architectural and lifestyle influences of that era.
For the past quarter-century the Lyndon House art programs have been a valuable asset to the Athens and Clarke County cultural community. Now with this $6 million addition and renovation, the Lyndon House Arts Facility is well suited to continue and expand the role of its predecessor into the new millennium.
We encourage you to join the party on Friday and help boost the Lyndon House Arts Foundation. We're sure you'll be impressed.
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


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Auburn Collision 1
Review for Auburn Collision 1
Leonard G. on 06/25/2014
Leonard said the work was perfect. Everything went well. He has used this business before. It was a good experience.
Category: Collision
Service Date: 06/04/2014
Review Created: 06/25/2014
This review was collected via phone interview by Customer Research Inc.


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Silver Cross will offer free blood pressure checks daily from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. at the Silver Cross Health Center, 12701 W. 143rd St., Homer Glen. Walk-ins welcomed. For more information, call (708) 364-6337.
Discounted Mammography Screenings
The Silver Cross Center for Women's Health will offer $100 screening mammograms including the radiologist fee for patients who call in May to schedule an appointment before June 30, 2014. The Center is located on the Silver Cross Hospital campus, 1870 Silver Cross Blvd., New Lenox. A physician's order is required. Cash, check and credit cards accepted at time of appointment-insurance will not be billed. Call (815) 300-7076 and mention SPECIAL MAMMOGRAM to schedule your mammogram. For a referral to a doctor, call the Silver Cross free Physician Referral Service at 1-888-660-HEAL (4325) of visit www.silvercross.org.
Incontinence Risk Assessment
Bladder control issues are not a normal part of aging and they are not something women should have to live with. Take control of your pelvic health by completing a Sliver Cross Hospital's short quiz at www.silvercross.org to find out if it is time you reached out for help.
Scoliosis Screenings
Dr. Anthony Rinella, spine surgeon, will offer free scoliosis screenings Fridays from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. in the Silver Cross Health Center, 12701 West 143rd St., Homer Glen. To register, call (877) 694-7722. The screenings are free and available for children and adults.
Skin Cancer Screenings
In recognition of National Skin Cancer Awareness month, dermatologists on staff at Silver Cross Hospital will be offering free full and partial body skin cancer screenings on Wednesday, May 14 from 1 to 4 p.m. with Southwest Dermatology and Wednesday, May 21 from 2 to 4 p.m. with Premier Dermatology. Screenings will be held in the University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center at Silver Cross Hospital, 1850 Silver Cross Blvd., New Lenox. Advanced registration is required by calling 1-888-660-HEAL (4325) or online at www.silvercross.org.
Sleep Disorders Assessment
Having trouble sleeping? Silver Cross Sleep Disorders Center now offers a free online risk assessment at www.silvercross.org/sleepdisorderscenter.
Stroke Risk Assessment
Each year, nearly 800,000 Americans suffer a new or recurrent stroke. That means on average, a stroke occurs every 40 seconds. Find out if you are at risk and what you can do to prevent a stroke from occurring by taking the Silver Cross Neuroscience Institute's free stroke risk assessment at www.silvercross.org/neuro.
About Silver Cross Hospital
Silver Cross Hospital is a not-for-profit health care provider serving Will County and southwest suburban communities since 1895. Silver Cross has been recognized as a Thomson Reuters 100 Top Hospitals National Award winner for seven consecutive years and as a Hospital of Choice by the American Alliance of Healthcare Providers. With over 3,500 employees, physicians and volunteers, Silver Cross operates a 289-bed acute care hospital and 5 satellite facilities providing outpatient services and physician offices. Silver Cross opened a state-of-the-art replacement hospital in 2012 at I-355 and Route 6 in New Lenox. To learn more about Silver Cross Hospital or a referral to a physician on staff, visit www.silvercross.org or call 1-888-660-HEAL (4325). Physicians on Silver Cross Hospital's Medical Staff have expertise in their areas of practice to meet the needs of patients seeking their care. These physicians are independent practitioners on the Medical Staff and are not the agents or employees of Silver Cross Hospital. They treat patients based upon their independent medical judgment and they bill patients separately for their services.


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Building on its 30-year history of providing free and objective information on ethical finance and corporate activity to the public, the EIRIS Foundation has undertaken a new project: conducting research into corporate activity in Crimea and Palestine. The research has been carried out by EIRIS Conflict Risk Network, putting to use its extensive expertise gained by studying the interplay between corporate activity and conflict in Sudan and Burma/Myanmar. International law recognises occupation as a form of conflict, and occupying governments use economic activity to help secure and maintain their control of territory.
The result is the EIRIS Foundation's new online database of the companies active in Crimea and Palestine. These databases are presented in the context of information and analysis about the territories' economic sectors and international trade policies.
For the first time, businesses, civil society, media and the investor community have access to objective and comprehensive information about corporate operations in two illegally-administered territories.
Access to such objective and independent research increases transparency, empowers investors and enhances global knowledge and understanding about investment in occupied territories.
This database represents the first phase of our project on investment in occupied lands. We welcome your feedback at [email protected].
This project has been made possible through the generous support of the Open Society Foundations.
The EIRIS Foundation is a leading England and Wales charity working in the area of responsible investment. The Foundation has over 30 years' experience of providing free and objective information on ethical finance and corporate activity to the public. A not-for-profit organisation, its mission is to empower investors with independent assessments of companies and advice on integrating them with investment decisions. Its subsidiary, Ethical Investment Research Services (EIRIS) Ltd, researches the environmental, social, governance and ethical aspects of over 3,000 companies globally. EIRIS provides services to fund managers, banks, pension funds, stock exchanges and charities worldwide.
EIRIS Conflict Risk Network carried out this research project for the EIRIS Foundation. EIRIS Conflict Risk Network unites institutional investors, financial service providers and related stakeholders calling on corporate actors to fulfil their responsibility to respect human rights and to take steps that support peace and stability in areas affected by genocide and mass atrocities. Our goal is to increase such behaviour by corporate actors and thereby reduce conflict risk.
The Network acts as an intermediary between the business and investment communities, engaging companies operating in conflict-affected countries, including Sudan and Burma/Myanmar. By coordinating and conducting its engagement on behalf of a network of financial institutions, we harness the collective weight of trillions of dollars in assets when encouraging corporate behaviour that reduces conflict risk.
Click here to read Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.


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Havalon Evolve Jim Shockey Edition
Code: XTI-60AMTS
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Book Discussion Group: Dancing Arabs by Sayed Kashua
April 20, 2013
Program Locations:
Get the neighborhood read. Check out what the librarian has recommended, and hear what others think about it. We've got the books, now we need you to talk!
At our next meeting, Saturday,April 20th, we'll be reading Dancing Arabs by Sayed Kashua. This novel is a compelling story about an Arab Israeli youth who attends a Jewish boarding school and tries to assimilate into Jewish culture.


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Read this article to find out how ecology has become a factor of public administration.
Ecology, Public Administration and Development:
In this article we shall focus our attention on certain very important issues which have recently involved themselves with the public administration and ecology is one of them. How ecology has become a factor of public administration is very interesting. Though comparative public administration has lost a major part of its glamour ecology and public administration have filled up the vacuum. The credit of analysing public administration in the background of ecology should go to Fred Riggs. Before discussing the various aspects of this issue we first of all define ecology.
"Ecology is the study of interactions of living organisms with one another and with their non-living environment of matter and energy study of the structure and function of nature."- S. C. Santra, Environmental Science,. There is an incessant interaction between living beings and non-living environment. Needless to say that this interaction never goes unnoticed or it is not correct to say that the interaction creates no impact.
Analysed from various angles it shall be observed that the interaction creates some consequences upon society and the public administration is considerably influenced because it is not possible for public administration or the government to avoid the influence of nature upon men and society. The public administration begins to study the relationship between society and nature and this is the subject of public administration and ecology. Because of the clear influence of environment upon society and mode of living of the people public administration and ecology have come to be related.
Heckel, a German scholar, has defined ecology in the following words: The science of relations between organism and their environment. There is practically no difference between these two definitions. Both living creatures and non-living environment are in close relationship. Even the living elements of the environment are in numerous ways influencing the society.
The living elements of society, that is human beings, react and this reaction must be brought under consideration. If this reaction is neglected, that is, no action is taken, that may inflict irreparable harm upon the society. For this reason the society responds to the action and reaction between society and environment. Fred Riggs has drawn our attention to this aspect and again from this arises an issue popularly known as public administration and ecology.
The administrators, ecologists, scientists, environmentalists and politicians— everyone admits that the interaction between society and environment or ecology cannot be denied and whenever a policy is going to be formulated this type of interaction must properly be taken into account. In other words, an administrator must formulate policies considering the most important idea that environment has clear influence on administration. Ecology, environment and administration are closely interlinked.
Again, all these combinedly influence politics or political system in general. The influence of ecology upon the administrative system of a country is so enormous that if anybody neglects it he will land in wrong footing or draw wrong conclusions. Fred Riggs was the first man who drew our attention to the importance of ecology upon the administrative systems. Of course, before him, Charles Darwin's famous theory is that only the fit can survive and according to Darwin, one who wins in the battle against environment is fit. So we find that there is a very close relationship between man or society and environment.
Riggs, Administration and Ecology:
Riggs and Comparative Public Administration:
Riggs had extensively studied the administrative systems of several countries in a comparative way. He observed that almost all the researchers were comparing the administrative structures of both developed and developing states and did not bring the influence of environment into consideration.
He felt that this way of comparing the administrative systems was improper. He said that in the administrative system of every country there is an ineluctable influence of environment on administration and, hence, any comparative public administration must take note of it. It is because the administration of an industrialised developed state is qualitatively different from the public administration of an underdeveloped state.
Again, the principles applied by the administrators of a developed state have very little relevance in a developing state. Riggs has lamented that the public administrators, politicians and policy-makers have ignored this important point. Not only this, the policy-makers of the newly independent states, being guided by zeal to develop their states within a short time, applied the administrative principles of the developed states. But they forgot to note that the public administration of developed states reached the present state through several stages of test and experiment.
Moreover, one set of principles cannot be applied everywhere. Riggs further stated that a perfect method of comparative public administration must be based on ecological study or analysis. It must also be nomothetic. Riggs developed a comparative public administration on the basis of ecology and, for this purpose, he divided all the societies into two broad categories -industria and agraria. Riggs has said that the public administration, structure of government, social mobility, judicial system, law etc. of these two types of state are different. So, while making comparison, these aspects must be brought under consideration.
Shortcomings of Weberian Model:
Max Weber (1864-1920), the famous German sociologist, first drew our attention to the enormous importance of bureaucracy in the administrative systems of capitalist states. In his opinion, capitalism provided an impetus to the expansion of rational administration. In his noted work Economy and Society (vol. 2) he has further said that day after day the public administration of all industrialised capitalist states is constantly being bureaucratised. It has created hierarchical structure and the entire bureaucratic administration is based on written documents and specialised training.
This is the gist of Weberian model of public administration in general and bureaucracy in particular. But there are certain shortcomings so far as comparative public administration and the influence of ecology on public administration are concerned. In other words, Weber constructed the bureaucratic model of public administration mainly for the industrially developed nations of the West.
Naturally this model of bureaucracy cannot fully and properly be applied to the developing nations of Asia and Africa. Ramesh K Arora in his article Rigg's Administrative Ecology says: "Riggs has concluded that Weber's ideal type construct of bureaucracy, because of its assumptions of a relatively autonomous administrative system, is not particularly relevant to the study of developing societies, where the administrative structures do not have the same degree of autonomy from other social structures as do their counterparts in many of the developed societies".
What Riggs has tried to say is that in developed societies the bureaucrats enjoy autonomy and are concerned with public administration only. But the bureaucrats in developing societies perform extra-administrative works. It is believed that bureaucrats are rational. But Riggs does not subscribe to this view.
Agraria and Industria Model:
Fred Riggs followed the comparative public administration method for his analysis, but he abandoned the classical or the model followed by his predecessors. Gabriel Almond in his The Politics of the Developing Areas (1959) says "Both Sutton and Riggs develop models of industrial and agricultural political systems. The industrial type of political system is characterised by universalistic, achievement and functionally specific norms and structures and the agriculture type of political system is characterised by particularistic, ascriptive and functionally diffuse norms of structures.
Put in other terms the industrial model is characterised by law, social mobility, and differentiation of specialised structures, while the agricultural systems are characterised by custom, status and the relative absence of specialisation". This is the basis of Riggs's comparative analysis of politics. It we fail to observe this basic difference between these two models or types of society any attempt to compare between them will be fruitless venture.
First of all we shall try to find out certain basic characteristics of agraria. Riggs in his Agraria and Industria —Towards a Typology of Comparative Administration has drawn our attention to the following features of agraria society:
(1) In agraria societies agriculture is the primary source of livelihood. It is, however, not correct to hold that in such society there is no existence of industry. The point is, a majority of the people use agriculture to draw the source of livelihood.
(2) Though agriculture is the most important source of livelihood, this sector is extremely backward. Compared with industria the agriculture of agraria is highly backward.
(3) So far as the mobility of people from one place to another is concerned the agraria lags far behind the industria. Of course there is hardly any scope for people to move freely from one place to another. The attachment to agriculture is so formidable that people do not normally try to move from one region to another. Moreover, people are engaged in agriculture.
(4) In agraria there are many associations, but these are functionally specific, non-ascriptive in structure. The implication is the social organisation perform certain specific functions.
(5) People of agraria are religious-minded and politics is very often mixed with religion. Not only that, both religion and politics control each other. People are guided by religious superstition.
(6) The groups of agraria societies form groups and associations but these cannot be fruitfully compared with the pressure groups of industria.
(7) People of agraria lead a very simple life. We do not say that there is no complexity but it is less perceptible in agraria. These are the chief features of agraria society but some are exaggerated by Riggs.
Riggs has also pointed out certain features of industria:
(1) In industrial society there exist associations and they are "functionally specific". It means that in such societies associations are formed for specific purpose. They are to some extent like interest groups.
(2) An important characteristic of industria is there is high degree of social mobility. This is due to the fact that industrial workers who are skilled or highly skilled move from one place to another for better and greater privilege. This type of mobility is not generally found in agraria.
(3) According to Fred Riggs modern industrial society is chracterised by well-developed occupational system. Different industries manufacture different commodities and, as a result of this, in society there are various occupational groups. Agraria does not possess it.
(4) In an industrial society there are also religions and various superstitions, but these do not control the behaviour of people in all their activities. In industria religion is not a controlling factor of people's behaviour.
Division is Defective:
Riggs's division of societies into agraria and industrial is to some extent novel no doubt but the critics do not treat it as final. They are of opinion that an agricultural society or in Riggs's term, agraria, can never remain agricultural for an indefinite period of time. Through continuous efforts they develop industries and, finally, it may be an industria. When that stage is arrived the agraria may be called industria. But in between agraria and industria there is a stage which may be called transitia and it is a very important stage. It is uncalled for that in Riggs's system there is practically no special place of such type of society though very important. He simply mentions the existence of such society.
There is an objection of exclusivity. Critics say that agraria does not mean that the society is exclusively agricultural and there is either no existence of industry or the industrial progress is nominal. On the other hand, in an industria, the place of agriculture is absolutely nominal. There are some societies which developed both industrially and agriculturally. The government of any modern state formulates policy for the balanced development of both agriculture and industry and this attempt, to some extent, negates Rigg's division into agraria and industria. In other words, there is no ideal or perfect agraria or industria. In reality, many modern states are mixed types. Hence any full-fledged theory on the basis of agraria and industria does not convey the real picture.
Francis Sutton is another supporter of the division of modern societies into agraria and industria. In his paper Social Theory and Comparative Politics he makes the following observation: "The major societies of the modern world show varying combinations of the patterns represented in the ideal types I have sketched out. Some stand close to the model of industrial society. Others are in various transitional states which hopefully may be understood better by conceptions of where they have been and where they may be going."
Almond admits that there is lot of usefulness of these theoretical efforts. Any fruitful analysis of comparative public administration requires to be based on the dualism hypothesis. But the dualism or the division of all societies into industria and agraria cannot be made absolutely important. Almond comments: "One would have to argue that the modern "industrial" system, to use Riggs's term, never exits by itself, but always has an agrarian system in it. This dualism of political structure is not only characteristic of modern Western political system but of non-Western and primitive ones i.e., there are both primary and secondary structures in primitive and traditional political system and the secondary structures have modern (specific, universalistic and achievement) features". One point is to be emphasised here: Riggs's classification is important from standpoints more than one. Riggs is quite justified when he says that any comparative analysis must take into account the ecological aspect because it has clear influence upon politics. This is the central idea of Riggsian model of comparative political analysis.
Fused-Prismatic-Diffracted Model:
We have already noted that Riggs's famous model agraria and industria was faced with criticisms and he subsequently admitted certain drawbacks of his model. But he was sure that public administration cannot be properly and fruitfully analysed ignoring the influence of environment upon the state activities and administration. He, therefore, decided to revise his earlier theory in the light of criticism and experience he gathered from the study of public administration of states.
In 1975 he wrote another book — Prismatic Society Revisited. He thought that the real societies are never one dimensional. In other words, the societies of the real world cannot be explained simply in the light of agraria and industria. There are different types of societies many of which remain beyond his model. In order to make his theory more comprehensive and realistic a new model is required to be devised and this he did in his new book Prismatic Society Revisited. He has said that the societies of the real world may be divided into three categories or types and these are fused, prismatic, and diffracted. This model is known as Fused-Prismatic- Diffracted model. Modern societies are not one dimensional, rather three dimensional.
In Riggs's view all modern societies are diffused so far as their functions are concerned. In other words, they perform various types of functions. It is applicable to all modern and non-modern societies. When the function is criterion the societies may conveniently be called fused. He further says modern societies are functionally diffracted. Diffraction means the process by which a beam of light or other system of waves is spread out as a result of passing through a narrow aperture or across an edge. In between fused and diffracted societies there is a third type and it is prismatic. The term prismatic conveys the following meaning. Prismatic means relating to or having the form of prism and the word prism denotes a solid geometric figure whose two ends are similar or equal. It is a transparent object in this form.
Let us now explain what Riggs means by Fused-Prismatic-Diffracted model. In his revised version Riggs has said that some societies perform certain specific functions and these societies are termed "functionally specific". Of course there may occur minor changes in the function. But generally the society's functions are confined within limits. Let us now see what is meant by "fused" society in his view, when the societies are functionally diffused they are called "fused" societies. If the societies are functionally specific they are called diffracted. There are some societies which are in-between fused and diffracted-these are called prismatic.
The Riggsian model says that in the real world there are three types of societies —fused-prismatic-diffracted. In his judgment these are the ideal types of societies found in the real world. This modification reveals that Riggs's earlier model was not the correct picture. While preparing this model Riggs thoroughly studied the social, political and administrative structures of all countries- particularly the newly independent states of Asia and Africa. Riggs also refers to the sala model of administration. Sala means administrative sub-system of prismatic societies. The new model of Riggs is highly complicated and many people have raised the authenticity of this model.
Prismatic Society:
We have already explained that the prismatic society stands in-between fused and diffracted societies. That is, these are intermediate societies and the number of such societies is quite large. For this reason we want to throw light on various aspects of the prismatic society. Since sala is an administrative sub-system of prismatic society the name of the whole model is prismatic-sala-model. The term sala is a Spanish word. It means a room or a pavilion or a government office or a religious meeting. It represents an interlocking mixture of elements from the diffracted office and the fused chamber.
Fred Riggs explains the term in this way. In his analytical system sala has no separate or independent existence. It is an indispensable part of the prismatic society. The prismatic society discharges its functions through the mechanism of sala. Since the number of prismatic society is comparatively large, Riggs has given maximum importance to it. According to Fred Riggs, the prismatic societies have three characteristic features. These are overlapping, heterogeneity and, finally, formalism.
Overlapping is an important feature of prismatic-sala type of society. The meaning of overlapping is extend overseas to cover partly. Riggs explains the term in the following way. It says "The extent to which formally differentiated structures of a diffracted society co-exist with undifferentiated structures of a fused society". Riggs wants to say that the structures of diffracted society have their fixed or manifest duties or functions and, naturally, there is no scope of overlapping.
On the other hand, the fused type of societies have fixed only one set of structures and, naturally, there is no scope of overlapping, that is one cannot interfere with the other. But the prismatic societies have certain special characteristics. In such societies new structures are created to meet the new demands of people. But side by side, the old structures maintain their existence. Thus both old and new structures exist side by side.
The newly created structures are known as modern. Both types of structures perform their respective duties. However, the conflict between old and new or traditional and modern structures may sometimes crop up. This is inevitable. The functions of these two types of structures overlap and Riggs says that it is bound to happen. The states of Asia and Africa who were colonies and have achieved freedom in the second half of the last century fall under this category.
Heterogeneity is another feature of prismatic-sala model of society. A very important feature of this type of society is heterogeneity. Quite different types of systems, cultures, practices and viewpoints exist side by side. This type of feature is generally found in transitional societies. There are uneven social changes, different social cultures, religious faiths —and conflict among them. There are, on the one hand, educated and sophisticated classes and, on the other hand, uneducated or less educated people.
The educated and intellectual class lives its life in Western style and Western culture. This class has no sympathy for indigenous culture. On the other hand, the indigenous group leads its life according to old culture and life style. The influence of this heterogeneity very often falls upon the administration. The state authority cannot ban any group or culture and the public administration is allowed to cope with this heterogeneity. The sala is also formed in the background of this heterogeneity.
Finally, there is formalism. According COD, formalism is excessive adherence to prescribed forms or excessive concern with form rather than content. Riggs uses the term in the following manner. He says: Formalism is "the degree of discrepancy or congruence between the formally prescribed and effectively practiced, between norms and realities" If there is difference or discrepancy between the formal aspects and the effectiveness the system will be treated as formal.
Riggs has said that the prismatic society is more formal in comparison with fused and diffracted societies. He has said that the officers or administrators of a prismatic society adhere to the literal meaning of laws and statutes and this mentality very often affects the normal functioning of public administration, people's interest is also adversely affected.
The love for formalism may be traced by several factors. The administrators are generally less interested in the welfare activities or maintenance or furtherance of people's interest and welfare. The main interest of the officers centres around the idea of service, that is, how to keep the service, and how to get promotion. The administrators of prismatic societies are very much prone to corruption and, in order to cover it up, they try to be more and more formal.
Riggs aptly observes "Thus formalism generally joins with the process of official corruption." The love of the administrators for formalism or excessive formality has sometimes been a great hindrance to rapid progress of society. Analysis of the prismatic society reveals that, in many cases, the formalistic attitude of the bureaucrats stands on the way of progress.
Prismatic Society: Various Aspects:
A prismatic society, according to Fred Riggs, is always in transition—it may be called a transitional society. A prismatic society always changes. The underdeveloped or developing nations of Asia and Africa fall in this category. The concept of stability is not generally found. There is always an interaction between old and new ideas and when people are faced with new or any novel fashion or behaviour they accept it or express desire to accept it.
This proclivity of people or a section of people creates tension or conflict because a section of people or even a part of public administration does not accept the demand of men which comes to be a-source of conflict. Riggs has said that conflict or tension among people is a very common feature of a prismatic society.
A prismatic society is also a polycommunal society. Riggs calls the poly- communal character of society "Clects". The speciality of poly-communality of a prismatic society is there are many ethnic groups or religious and cultural groups and the relation among these groups is not always cordial. Rather, hostility among the ethnic, cultural or religious groups is very common.
According to Riggs, the groups based on ethnicity or religion or culture may reasonably be called "clects". Each clect or communal group has its own outlook and objective which is the prime cause of conflict among the groups or "clects". Since one group or clect is different from another, each clect or group performs its own functions and there are differences in functions of various groups which, finally, lead to tension or conflict among the clects.
The system of sala may briefly be analysed because in a prismatic society the sala has a special importance. I have already referred to sala. Though it is a Spanish term Fred Riggs has used it in English to mean a sub-system of public administration. In a prismatic society there exists or may exist a democratically elected government and each department is headed by a minister who is the sole policy-maker. But the prismatic society has also an administrative department or sub-department and Riggs calls it sala.
Since a prismatic society is also polycommunal or poly-ethnic or poly-religious society the head administrator and the minister may belong to different communal or ethnic or religious groups and this situation may be apple of discord between the minister and officer. The fact is that since the minister is a politician and claims no administrative experience he largely depends on the sala official and the result is the sala officer has extensive participation in the policy making process. In fact, the sala officer, in one way or other, dominates the whole administrative structure.
Riggs has drawn our attention to another aspect of a prismatic society and its sala model. The sala officer may belong to a particular communal group and by virtue of this he will have sympathy or weakness for his community and simultaneously try to influence the administration for his community. This situation may create an atmosphere of conflict or tension between the minister and the sala official. In sala system the sala officer in matter of recruitment may show favour to his particular communal or religious group. This is a potential source of nepotism.
In sala system of prismatic society there may exist the absence of unanimity or sources of conflict of old and emerging systems coexist, but this very often comes to be the source of conflict between groups and community. This results in an absence of unanimity. In almost all the emerging or newly independent nations of Asia and Africa this form of conflict is very common and Riggs calls these societies prismatic. The conflict between old and new or between two or more communal groups is rather a very common affair. Again, there is conflict between legal and non-legal centres of power. Sometimes non-legal centres of power dominate the social system.
Riggs has drawn our attention to another aspect of a prismatic society. First of all, there is a type of imbalance between political administrators (who are ministers) and sala administrators (who are bureaucrats). The political leaders or ministers are supposed to be policy-makers. But, in fact, the sala officers (or bureaucrats) actually do this job. In most of the case to the ministers accept this process. But when a minister refuses to accept it the conflict happens to be inevitable. This creates an imbalanced administrative structure.
Riggs has further said that the dominance of sala officials and comparatively weak position of ministers create a favourable situation for the development of corruption. Taking the opportunity of the weakness of minister the sala officer resorts to corrupt practices to support his own community or ethnic group. The public administration of a prismatic society is characterised as weak and partial. The bureaucracy is all-powerful and it hardly possesses any sort of accountability to anybody. Sala has the features of nepotism and maladministration.
We have thoroughly discussed the important aspects of Riggsian model of public administration. That is, the intimate relationship between public administration and ecology. Critics are of opinion that if anybody goes' thoroughly into the Riggsian model it will be clear that, in the entire system of public administration, ecology is a very important factor and no other element, even the bureaucracy has anything to do. But the actual situation offers us a different picture. Though ecology or environment has an important role the other factors must be taken into account.
The prismatic society is always in transition which means that internal changes in the society are always taking place and ecology or environment is so active that Weberian bureaucratic model appears to be fully insignificant. To put it in other words, bureaucracy in Riggsian model is no factor of public administration. But this is not correct. In the prismatic society the sala has crucial role to play. The Riggsian model depicts the role or importance of sala. We hold the view that though ecology or environment largely controls the administrative system of prismatic society the importance of sala or bureaucracy cannot be minimised.
Remesh K Arora, in his article Riggs's Administrative Ecology, has tried to build up a bridge between Weberian bureaucratic model and Riggs's prismatic model m the following way : "Weber described essentially the characteristics of bureaucracy which evolved as a result of certain kinds of a socio-economic development.
Riggs, on the other hand, seems to be seeking explanation of why similar bureaucratic development does not emerge rapidly in present day developing countries … Like Weber, Riggs has provided three ideal type constructs which are essentially deductive in character. While the basis of Weberian categories is the type of legitimacy associated with an authority system, Riggsian typology is based on the criterion of structural differentiation, which differs from Weber's qualitatively distinct ideal type".
Critics are of the view that there are large number of newly independent countries whose social, cultural and other sub-systems are prismatic but the bureaucratic system or the entire administrative structure corresponds to diffracted (that is functionally specific structure). During the colonial rule the bureaucratic administration of the colonies was quite efficient and even after the end of colonical rule the efficiency of bureaucracy has remained intact. For example, the Indian bureaucracy is fully a legacy of British system of bureaucracy and after 1947 this bureaucratic rule has practically remained intact. The only difference is British bureaucracy has been Indianised.
The categorisation of societies into fused, diffracted and prismatic is novel no doubt. We are of opinion that today a society may be called diffracted and after few years nobody knows what would be its real character. A prismatic society may also change. Again, critics have said that in a diffracted society or fused society poly-communalism may exist. We have seen that in some countries of Western Europe there are number of ethnic or cultural groups and they are constantly fighting each other.
We also do not agree with the terms used by Fred Riggs. Ordinary readers may be confused with the words such as sala. It is a Spanish word. Again, the terms diffracted and fused are sometimes sources of confusion. He might have used commonly known terms.
The prismatic society can never be the permanent feature of any geographical area. Prismatic means a society in transition. But the economic, political and social character of a state may undergo rapid changes. Particularly under the impact of globalisation or liberalisation the economic, political and social conditions of every state is rapidly changing. We can say that prismatism is a temporary feature of a state. The political socialisation is rapidly progressing and no single feature can be a permanent one.
Riggs has depicted mainly the negative aspects of prismatic society. But such societies may also have some positive characteristics. Riggs, while characterising the nature of a prismatic society, was overwhelmingly influenced by Western systems and methods. This is his drawback.
Riggs is correct when he says that in a prismatic society there is an absence of coordination among the various departments or structures. But the same thing shall be found even in diffracted societies. Critics have said that this opinion of Riggs is simply an oversimplification.
The Riggsian model is important because he has admitted that public administration is an important part of environment and this reminds us of Easton's general system theory or Almonds concept of public administration.


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|Perfectly is My Perfection 19th century year old women~ Tribute
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Perfectly is My Perfection 19th century year old women~ Tribute
|21 October 2009, 07:16 PM
‹Jinx Ellise›"> Okay so ya, pretty explainatory if u ask me but just incase.. ---> This Oekaki is dedication to all the olden times women AKA 19 century-ish that never gave up, never looked down, never said NEVER, and always tried/ looked there best! Who actually were striving for PERFECTION! My avi is dressed up in 19th century clothes to repersent the women of that time! How gorgous does she look?!?! Comments pwease?
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|22 October 2009, 01:09 AM
Last edited by ‹Jinx Ellise›, 22 October 2009
12 views and no one likes it ? D; awwww u critics just break my heat sometimes! >_>
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I did not wake in a cold sweat. I woke incomprehensibly relieved to discover I was in bed. In my own house, next to my blissfully sleeping wife, dry and warm, and not where I had just dreamed I was.
Which, for a river rafting guide, was the equivalent of Dante's ninth circle of hell.
I was on the bank of a river deep in the bowels of the earth. Upstream and downstream of me were imposing swaths of white water. The white water upstream threatened like it was going to spill over the banks and wash me and all the gear and my boat partner downstream into the hungry turbulence below.
It was formidable white water and I had no recollection as to how I had made it as far as I had.
My raft was old and listless with no kick in the bow or the stern. In my nightmare, it was empty, tethered to something on shore, bobbing slightly in the only calm water that could be seen.
The rapid surging below us reminded me of Ram's Horn on the Wind River, but the terrain --- dark, foreboding, precipitous cliffs blocking out the sunlight --- conjured images of Skull Rapid in Westwater Canyon.
My boat buddy, Steve Laboff, seemed unperturbed by our predicament which I was just beginning to grasp.
"That sofa is going to make for a sweet ride," he said. He plopped down on it and bounced up and down a little.
I looked about the beach and realized that everyone had launched and left us with not just the sofa, but the entire living room set. Loveseat, Ottoman, coffee table. . .
And the bedroom set.
And the dining room table and chairs.
"How in the hell am I going to get all of this on that boat?"
And, in my dream, THAT was my biggest concern. NOT --- "How are we going to make it through those rapids with all this stuff?"
Or, "Why do I have a household of furniture on a river trip?"
And then it got worse.
I realized we didn't have any means to rig any of it onto the flaccid, old boat. We had no webbing, no straps, not even any bungie cords.
As I stood on the bank taking it all in, the pounding of the water on the rocks gnawing at the back of my mind, the thought of balancing sofas and mattresses on each end of the raft and then negotiating boat-dwarfing waves, I could feel my anxiety rising.
That was when my dog, Daisy, jumped up onto the bow of the raft as if announcing that she was ready to go.
And I awoke incomprehensibly relieved I was not where I had dreamed I was. And there was Daisy at the foot of the bed, giving me the stinkeye, making a couple of turns before curling up into a ball of snoring fur.


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Discussion in 'Chill Out Forum:' started by chrismitchell, Nov 3, 2009.
Goodmorning all
Mornin' squire.
lol, nice one Christopher..Good Morning all!
Thought you'd like this Glen :lol:
Morning everyone
hurry up with the avater change Renniks!!
Good Morning!! How is everyone on this gloomy day?!
Working at the mo so can't sort it out
And finding a clear picture of all food ever is difficult
Just take a snap of your dinner.
I'm waiting to see who puts a slice of toast :lol:
MMMMMMM BURNT TOAST!!!!!!!! I love!!!
LOL what is it about Burnt Toast you like?? I've been trying to work out why people like toast that burnt :lol:
my housemate keeps changing the timer on the toaster! burnt central = bad!!!
thats why you need 2 different toasters Mike..
If I had the money to space in the kitchen for another toaster I would!
ahhhh well I have a spare toaster if you need it mate LOL
did you talk to the guy about building a super Nintoaster for me at all Mike?
It has more flavour ahahah! MmmMMMM! Its lush!
More flavour of burnt :lol:
Separate names with a comma.


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Sunway University works with leading international collaborators to deliver World class teaching and research. Many of our degree programmes are designed to match those of Lancaster University in the UK. Students graduating from such programmes earn both a Sunway degree and a Lancaster degree. Lancaster is an outstanding British research university which is ranked in the top 10 in the UK and in the top 1% of universities worldwide. This special dual award collaboration gives many of our students the opportunity to earn a prestigious international qualification at a significantly lower cost than studying overseas.
In the field of hospitality, we collaborate with Paris based Le Cordon Bleu, one of the oldest and most highly regarded hospitality and culinary training organizations in the World. Students graduating from our programmes certified by Le Cordon Bleu gain not only their Sunway diploma or degree but also earn a valuable professional certificate from Le Cordon Bleu.
Sunway University also collaborates globally with many top universities in advanced research and development. The Jeffrey Cheah Foundation (JCF) has funded a travel grant scheme to enable scholars from Sunway and Harvard to undertake research visits at each other's institution. The Foundation has also supported a scholar-in-residence scheme at Brasenose College, Oxford, for Sunway's researchers. Together with a professorship at Harvard supported by the JCF, and professorial fellows at both Cambridge and Oxford, Sunway has been able to engage with some of the most distinguished scholars and scientists at the leading universities of the World.


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ActiveDen Christmas Lights 1143246
Flash Template \ Animations \ Holiday \ eCards
Flash Template - Christmas Lights 1143246 by goTo @ ActiveDen
Flash Template \ Animations \ Holiday \ eCards
ActionScript Version: AS3; Documentation: Well Documented; Flash Files Included: Layered PNG, Layered PSD, Flash FLA, ActionScript AS, XML Files, HTML Files, JS Files; Opens With: Flash CS5 (10+); Published Size: 444kb Resolution: Resizable
Another Demostration
Here in this links you can check another item customization in different resolutions: HD, MD and SD.
It's an interactive christmas card, composed by a light sequencer with 4 kinds of diferent sequences that form the quote "Merry xmas". great for give in this special holidays.
The file is delivered in 3 diferent native resolutions: HD (High Definition), MD (Medium Definition) y SD (Standard Definition) for multiple purpouses.
ActionScript: Version 3.0. only
Flash IDE : CS5 +.
Flash Player: Flash Player 10+.
Easy implemetation.
Add your custom message, photo and music track using an external XML file.
Without timeline animations, buided only in ActionScript 3.0 with TweenLite.
4 different styles for the light sequencer.
Include full layered Photoshop files.
SD: 444kb, MD: 709kb, HD: 1.3mb.
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Create ActiveDen Christmas Lights 1143246 style with After Effect, Cinema 4D, 3DS Max, Apple Motion or Flash. Audio or music for ActiveDen Christmas Lights 1143246. Full details of ActiveDen Christmas Lights 1143246 for digital design and education. ActiveDen Christmas Lights 1143246 desigen style information or anything related.


text:
Questions remain after a couple was found dead in Orange County. Officials do not know if San Juan Capistrano couple was targeted in their home. Vikki Vargas reports from San Juan Capistrano for the NBC4 News at 5 p.m. on Monday, Feb. 10, 2014.
Published at 7:45 PM PST on Feb 10, 2014 | Updated at 7:50 PM PST on Feb 10, 2014


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Umarex Airgun Target Stand2218072
$ 13.95 $ 19.00
The Umarex Airgun Target Stand is a highly portable and easy to use system. It includes a sturdy steel ground stake to secure the target. It also includes 100 paper targets of common game animals: deer, elk, hog, squirrel, and turkey. Refill paper targets are available.
- Paper target bracket
- Simple stake setup
- 100 paper targets
- Targets include 20 each of deer, elk, hog, squirrel, and turkey
- Heavy steel construction
- For use with .177 and .22 airguns
If you need a target that is highly portable, easy to setup and takedown, this is a great choice.
Airgun Targets, Umarex, under-25
View other Products in this Category:


text:
3rd Generation Medium Quantum Analyser Features of Quantum magnetic resonance analyzer:
- Professional: Based on the study on a hundred million clinical cases for many years, a number of medical and computer experts invented quantum health monitor.
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Based on the testing reports, the users can get the information about health status and prescription. Our quantum diagnostic device is extensively used in beauty salon, SPA club, clinics, health examination centre, health care products shop, direct selling(for the health products distributor), massage center, health center, etc. It can also be used for promoting health food and nutritional supplement, etc. Family use is also available
This instrument is an ideal promotion tool for beauty salon, SPA club, clinics, health examination centre, health food/nutrition suppliment/health care products shop, direct selling, massage center, etc. The operator can write out prescription based on testing reports. It's also suitable for family use.
How to use the QRA with simple operation ways:
- Install software in PC
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Medium Quantum Analyser
- Product Code: N04
- Availability: In Stock
- Ex Tax: N45,000.00
- Price in reward points: 75
Related Products
Tags: Medium Quantum Analyser


text:
Re: A parody
Expand Messages
- Mathew Morrell wrote:
> Let's ask the much-admired socialist George Bernard Shaw. Maybe hetreat "life
> can supply us with the answer. What do you say, Gorgy? You're
> practically worshipped today by internationalists in the UN, Colin
> Wilson and the swamp judges in Florida, not to mention the
> inebriated sex-addicts in Hollywood. How does socialism
> unfit for life"?you
> "I also made it quite clear that Socialism means equality of income
> or nothing, and that under Socialism you would not be allowed to be
> poor. You would be forcibly fed, clothed, lodged, taught and
> employed whether you liked it or not. If it were discovered that
> had not character and industry enough to be worth all this trouble,I'm surprised he would say that. Where in the book did you find
> you might possibly be executed in a kindly manner; but whilst you
> were permitted to live, you would have to live well." [George
> Bernard Shaw, "An Intelligent Woman's Guide to Socialism"]
> That says it all, Mr. Shaw. Thank you.
it? Not the page numbers necessarily; what
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text:
Calvin Klein Maria Handbag - Thistle
$129.00 for this stylish designer label!
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Note: Any price tags physically attached to these products or their packaging are in a foreign currency, and are not in Australian Dollars and do not reflect the price payable locally for the goods.
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- Large main compartment
- Interior media pockets plus zip pocket
- Chain and leather look handles
- Front flap snap pocket
- Metal hardware
- Leather-look construction
- Dimensions (approx. cm): 36 x 34 x 6 (W x H x D)
- 26cm handle drop - for shoulder or hand carrying


text:
Reviewed By ROBERT H (RIVERSIDE, CA) Reviewed for a 2004 Ford F-150 —1/25/2012 5:43 PM
I installed my new PlasmaGlow led strips on my 04 ford f150 and just love'em.A simple and very nice upgrade.They look factory installed!
Reviewed By Ronnie R (Corpus Christi, TX) Reviewed for a 2014 Ford F-150 —8/21/2016 10:02 AM
Installed this between the bumper covers on my son's truck. Used the included mounts and bolted it directly to the front mount of the bumper. You can wire this 2 different ways, you can either wire it so you can control the blue led accent or only have it come on when the LED light bar is powered. It requires either a 3 position switch or having the blue directly wired to the on feature of the light bar.


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This place was just ... Everything you would want for a welcoming, relaxed, clean and comfortable stay.. But more... Spectacular views and so close to town but it felt a million miles away when you looked out the windows and saw the farms and countryside. So what made it? Nicole and his family were always available to help either in person or on the phone but discreetly 'somewhere else' (ie they never intruded). We had the downstairs apartment and to tell you the truth it's the kind of place that makes you think 'why don't we live in Italy for a year??' Beautiful little kitchen with all the appliances and yet rustic furniture and exposed beams combined with the views outside made it feel like the real italian experience through and through.
Value? Best price we had really - out of Rome, Firenze, Siena and Venice - this was our best pick out of three weeks of travel, with two kids under 10 who LOVED it.
To give some context - this was winter and it rained most of the time during our stay but it was so good we wanted to stay in and couldn't wait to come 'home'. Thank you so much Nicole - you have set the standard for all our other travels now!
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Expedia, Orbitz, Hotwire, Travelocity, Priceline, Hotels.com, Cheap Tickets and TripOnline SA so you can book your Castello delle Quattro Torra reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
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Star Wars: The Force Awakens First Order TIE Pilot Helmet Accessory – Very Limited Quantities Available
Less Than 10 Remain In-Stock!
Featuring fiberglass construction, a fully-lined interior, and real metal parts, the First Order TIE Fighter Pilot Premier Line helmet accessory is now in stock and quantities are limited! This offering is also eligible for our Payment Plan!
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Bulbs for chandeliers(12 Posts)
spudmurphy Sun 20-Jan-13 16:39:23
spudmurphy Mon 21-Jan-13 00:09:29
timidviper Mon 21-Jan-13 00:11:35
sausagesandwich34 Mon 21-Jan-13 00:37:45
spudmurphy Mon 21-Jan-13 07:42:14
calendula Mon 21-Jan-13 09:52:32
NotGoodNotBad Thu 24-Jan-13 19:02:19
spudmurphy Fri 25-Jan-13 07:43:53
BuiltForComfort Fri 25-Jan-13 18:42:04
spudmurphy Sat 26-Jan-13 15:35:16
Fresh01 Tue 29-Jan-13 21:51:37
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