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What about all the things that's come over me, Thinking 'bout some atrocities, What about all that blatant stupidity flowing over, Sickness mauling, the leaves falling, the leeches are crawling on me, What about, waht about all those things. Triple dog dare you to fall asleep, i dare you, Oh Brakecheck what about about the pursuit of validity, Hope to test elasticity, What about all the brazen metricity flowing through me, Pocketful of molotov, I'm dreaming of infinty, What about, What about all those things, Triple dog dare you to fall asleep, i dare you, Oh Brakecheck
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What makes Alpharetta so special? It's a net importer of jobs which means we have more workers than residents during the day. Thousands of people from across Metro Atlanta come into our community to work daily.
With the right mixture of business, real estate and quality of life factors, it's no wonder why Alpharetta is where companies large and small choose to locate here. Even better, Alpharetta sits at the center of some of the nations top talented workers. From executives to technologists, our community is a draw for all types of high-skilled, quality workers that companies need to be successful.
- 84,817 Total Workforce 2016
- 64.01% BACHELOR'S DEGREE OR MORE Educational Attainment
- 1.8M POPULATION 16 YEARS+ Labor Draw Area
Workforce by Top Industry
Alpharetta is known as a major technology and corporate hub in the southeast. Thus, a majority of the people who work in Alpharetta everyday are some of the most skilled and talented in Georgia. Many of our workers are trained in telecommunications, financial-technology, software development and network solutions. On top of that, Alpharetta has a burgeoning corporate and retail presence that serves as the leading destination for North Fulton County and Metro Atlanta.
*Percent of Alpharetta Total Workforce, 2011
Workers by Industry
- 15,848 Information NAICS: 51
- 13,182 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services NAICS: 54
- 10,357 Finance and Insurance NAICS: 52
- 6,931 Administration & Support NAICS: 56
- 7,362 Retail Trade NAICS: 44-45
- 3,714 Wholesale Trade NAICS: 42
- 5,841 Hotel/Food Services NAICS: 72
- 3,895 Health Care/Social Assistance NAICS: 62
- 2,563 Educational Services NAICS: 61
- 2,881 Management of Companies NAICS: 55
- 2,026 Transportation/Warehousing NAICS: 48-49
- 1,412 Real Estate NAICS: 44-45
- 412 Manufacturing NAICS: 31-33
- 1,135 Other Services NAICS: 81
- 1,263 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation NAICS: 71
Labor Draw Area
Alpharetta's Labor Draw Area includes some of the most populated and successful counties in Georgia, with easy access to 1.8 million potential workers. These include Fulton County, Gwinnett County, Cobb County, Forsyth County, DeKalb County and Cherokee County which account for a majority of Alpharetta's workforce.
Higher Education
The Alpharetta area is home to several higher education institutions that support technical training as well as continuing education. Additionally, Metro Atlanta serves as one the top destination in the southeast for recent graduates from large research universities. Alpharetta is positioned perfectly to attract the regions high quality, high skilled workforce. Check out some of our local higher education institutions below.
The Alpharetta Campus offers spacious classrooms; a full-service research library; access to Galileo, an online database retrieval system for Georgia libraries; a fully wired computer lab; and a comfortable commons area. Once enrolled at the Alpharetta Campus, you may also take courses at any Atlanta-area location where the course is offered, or take online courses. Take your courses on campus, online, or a mix of both—whatever best fits your schedule and your life.
Emory Continuing Education is now offering some of our most popular courses in Alpharetta! The new location, just off Georgia 400 exit 11, was chosen in order to provide those in the North Metro area with more convenient access to the professional and personal continuing education we offer at Emory's campus. Classes will be held in Alpharetta year-round and you can register for those classes the same way you always have. Most importantly, you will receive the same superior level of education that you've come to expect from Emory.
Georgia Perimeter College
The Georgia Perimeter College Alpharetta Center began in 2000 through a partnership with Georgia State University. At that time, Georgia State University offered graduate classes in the evening, and Georgia Perimeter College began to offer a limited number of undergraduate classes during the day. When Georgia State University constructed its new building at Alpharetta Center, Georgia Perimeter College took possession of the original classroom building already on site. In August 2010, Georgia Perimeter College began offering more day, evening and weekend classes at Alpharetta in its new Center. Georgia Perimeter College also expanded academic and student services, providing a wide range of support to our students.
Georgia State University
The Alpharetta Center currently offers the nationally ranked part-time or Flex MBA (core curriculum), the Professional MBA (full degree), the new Executive Master of Science in Information Systems (MS MIT) degree, and classes for Georgia State's new 2 Plus 2 Program for undergraduates looking to complete their degrees (in Accounting and Marketing), as well as a selection of graduate classes in areas like Education and Library Media Technology.
Gwinnett Technical College
In June 2010, Gwinnett Tech's service area was expanded to include North Fulton County. Most recently, the state board of the Technical College System of Georgia (TCSG) approved the future purchase of approximately 25 acres of land in Alpharetta as the site for a new satellite campus of Gwinnett Technical College. This property is located at the intersection of Old Milton Parkway and GA 400. The 25-acre recommended site can support 4 three-story buildings and necessary parking. When fully built out, the campus could serve up to 10,000 students. While these discussions are underway, GTC will continue to offer focused training through online degree programs, Continuing Education courses and Adult Education programs in North Fulton.
Reinhardt University
These degree completion programs combine theory and best practice in business and communications to prepare students for leadership roles in private corporations, non-profits and government agencies. They are designed to meet the needs of busy adult students who are often juggling work, family and community commitments. These include a Bachelor of Arts in General Business Studies (GBS), Bachelor of Arts in Organizational Management and Leadership (OML)and Bachelor of Arts in Organizational Management, Leadership and Working Adults into Teaching (WAIT.

subset: commoncrawl


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Laem Singh Beach, one of the best beaches in Phuket, is located on the west coast of the island between the beaches of Kamala and Surin. The beach is located within a small bay, which is dotted with palm trees and sprinkled with boulders, making it a great place for taking photographs as well as relaxing.
All You Need to Know About Rawai Beach, Phuket
Phuket has some beautiful beaches – and none more beautiful than Rawai Beach. Rawai Beach in Phuket may not be the most popular beach on the island but it does have its own distinct charms and is a wonderful spot for getting away from it all.
Where to Stay in Kata Beach, Phuket
Kata Beach is also one of the best beaches in Phuket for its range of accommodation options. You can choose from cheap, clean guesthouses when you are on a budget or luxury resorts for all the family. Kata Yai and Kata Noi are the two different bays at Kata, and Kata Noi is the quietest. Both have a variety of beach hotels and resorts spread out along the sand, and there are also some nice choices a little further away from the beach. Here are some options for your next vacation in Kata beach, Phuket.
What's the Best Beach in Phuket?
It's a killer question that is very difficult to answer: what is the best beach in Phuket? But it's important to find out the answer – which beach is best for you? Where in Phuket should you book your next vacation? Phuket has so many wonderful beaches, it is hard to crown a winner. Different beaches are best for different reasons. Take a look at this list and see what you think – what is your favorite beach in Phuket? Let us know!
12 Best Beaches in Phuket for Peace and Quiet
If you think Phuket is all about noise, crowds, bright lights and Patong Beach – think again. Phuket is home to some magical deserted beaches where you can feel the stress melt away.
Where is the Best Beach in Phuket?
Which Phuket beach is best? Each Phuket beach has its own charms and beauty. You decide with the help of our rundown of top beaches on the Thai island of Phuket.
Regional Guide to Beautiful Phuket
Phuket is the largest Thai island and is home to a wide range of beauties – beaches, towns, and resorts. Take a trip round Phuket with our guide to the regional highlights.
Off-the-Beaten-Track Phuket: Interesting Things to Do
Discover a lesser-known side of Phuket with our ideas for off-the-beaten-track sightseeing and attractions. Find out more about Phuket from a different angle.
How to Find the Best Places to Stay in Kamala and Surin
Kamala and Surin are quite towns on Phuket's west coast. Find out where to stay in Kamala and Surin with our guide to the best resort and hotel accommodation.
All You Need to Know About the Similan Islands
Take a trip to the Similan Islands, one of the most beautiful and best-known of the Andaman Sea island groups. The Similan Islands are great for snorkeling, diving, and much more.
9 Great Attractions at Patong Beach
Patong Beach is the most popular destination on Phuket – and for good reason. Check out these nine top attractions for a vacation to remember on Phuket Island.


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Flying Vinyl Festival - 8 April 2017
Flying Vinyl Festival II is being held at Oval Space on April 8th 2017.
Flying Vinyl Festival II will feature performances from artists including The Wytches, Spring King, Hidden Charms, Dream Wife, Anteros and many more. Head over to the Flying Vinyl for more details and to grab yourself some tickets.
And Sambrook's are excited to be making Flying Vinyl own-label beer which will available at the festival!Buy Tickets


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Newcastle Escorts - Escort Guide provides the most exquisite and discreet outcall & incall female escorts in Newcastle. We have the best selection of beautiful, sexy and genuine Newcastle escorts, all of them ready to fulfil your fantasies in Newcastle.
Our Newcastle escort guide contains escort pictures, escort prices and escort reviews. All our Newcastle escorts are handpicked, making sure that we provide 100% real & professional escorts in Newcastle . Visit us often, as EscortGuide.co.uk is updated daily with massage escorts from Newcastle and escorts from other UK cites.
We provide listings of independent escorts in Newcastle and escort agencies in Newcastle - both Newcastle incall escorts and Newcastle outcall escorts - if you are an escort agency in Newcastle, Newcastle independent escort or Newcastle massage parlour and want to be featured in our Newcastle escorts directory simply click on the top-right signup link to register and upload your escort profile to EscortGuide.co.uk .
This page provides only Newcastle escort girl services and surrounding areas, for a complete list of escorts visit the full UK escorts directory by clicking on the top logo.


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Before graduating cum laude from UCLA, Palm Springs Personal Injury, Accident, Business and Entertainment Lawyer Sebastian Gibson performed as a musician on stage internationally and on national TV with an Oscar nominated actress. He would later write and record a musical in London and complete two law degrees, first at the University of San Diego School of Law and then magna cum laude at University College Cardiff in Wales, Great Britain.
Before forming his own personal injury, business and entertainment law firm in 1984 in Palm Springs, Sebastian Gibson first practiced law in San Diego and later with a Wall Street Firm in London. Sebastian's expertise has resulted him in being named a Top Lawyer in 2017 for the 7th year in a row by the prestigious Palm Springs Life Magazine, and he has been called "Brilliant" and "A Legend" to describe his talents. He has written articles for the San Francisco and Los Angeles Daily Journal newspapers and his novel, "Nitt Witt Hill" was named the Satirical Novel of 2012.
His record as a personal injury and business lawyer in Palm Springs and Palm Desert has also been prestigious. Throughout the course of his career, he has obtained millions of dollars in settlements for car accident plaintiffs. He is rated as a Superb Lawyer, their highest rating by Avvo, which rates attorneys nationwide.
With law degrees both in California and in Great Britain and with years of experience in London, clients throughout the world can utilize his experience and knowledge to handle their international matters.
On busy California freeways and roads from Palm Desert to Newport Beach, rear end and speeding traffic accidents abound; every year, auto, Uber, Lyft, ride sharing, car sharing, big rig truck, motorcycle, bicycle and uninsured motorist accidents leave personal injury victims with spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries, and many other serious or catastrophic injuries despite the advancement of self-driving car and autonomous vehicle features with which we have particular knowledge.
You may have lost a family member as a result of one of these personal injury incidents having suffered a wrongful death, or lost your own ability to work as medical bills mount and the need for medical treatment rises as a result of your personal injury. In those accidents involving a pedestrian or someone on a bicycle or motorcycle, you may have been vastly outweighed by the Fed Ex, UPS, Landscape or commercial delivery truck with no chance to get out of the way. After the fact, you can fight back by hiring a Palm Springs personal injury and accident lawyer who is dedicated to getting you the compensation you deserve from insurance companies unwilling to play fairly.
Many personal injury cases do not involve vehicles at all but result from dog bites, pit bull attacks, toxic exposure, food poisoning, or slip and fall incidents. Children are especially prone to dog bites while the elderly are susceptible to financial elder abuse and homeowner accidents. Contacting Palm Springs Personal Injury Lawyer Sebastian Gibson as soon as possible is in your best interest as he will not only start gathering the evidence needed for your case, but can also direct you to places where you can get the emergency treatment, physical therapy, chiropractic, and psychological treatment you or your family members may need in Palm Springs, Palm Desert or Indio even if you have no health insurance or Medi-Cal or are a Canadian visitor to the Coachella Valley.
All personal injury accident claims are handled on a contingency basis, which means that you do not pay until your case is settled and we advance all case costs and litigation fees and are reimbursed only if we obtain a settlement or award.
If you operate a business or corporation in California or in London that needs legal advice or representation, the Law Firm of Sebastian Gibson with offices in Palm Desert and Newport Beach offers a wide range of experience in business and civil law including contract preparation and commercial lease review, breach of contract litigation, business fraud, corporate and LLC formation, alcohol beverage control (ABC) licensing matters, trademarks and intellectual property, ride sharing and car sharing businesses and international matters.
Whether your industry is real estate, food and wine, hospitality, bars and restaurants, a brewery or distillery, construction, third party logistics (TPL), trucking, information technology (IT), warehousing, public storage, solar energy, or a host of other industries, the firm has a broad base of clients and experience that can bring clarity to your case and result in an excellent resolution.
Sebastian Gibson can also help you if you have a real estate, condo or homeowner association (HOA) matter, equine, insurance issue or any type of transaction. Having fought on both the plaintiff and defense sides of cases, Sebastian Gibson has a track record of obtaining millions and millions of dollars and multiple million dollar plus settlements for our clients. To see the types of accidents, personal injury, business and entertainment cases we handle in Palm Springs, Newport Beach and from London, see our Practice Areas Page.
Since entertainment is a major industry both in California and in England, many clients need a lawyer who understands the industry with the experience in drafting, review and negotiation of contracts in film, music, television, theatre, publishing, and modeling. We represent actors, sports athletes, musicians, fashion and jewelry designers, models, and artists of all kinds from around the world in their creative and literary endeavors, and handle copyright and trademark infringement, intellectual property (IP), licensing, modeling and talent agency agreements, literary agency and publishing contracts, celebrity endorsements, and publicity and privacy rights of celebrities over misuse of their images in advertising. Entertainment law is a specialized area of business law where you will benefit from working with a firm that is a recognized leader in the field as a result of his experience in the Coachella Valley cities of Palm Springs and Palm Desert, in Newport Beach and all of Orange County, as well as throughout California and the United Kingdom.
Whether you need legal assistance with car accidents or other personal injury matters, business law, or entertainment law, the law firm of Attorney Sebastian Gibson is ready to assist you. E-mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com for our office in Newport Beach or call our main office in Palm Desert at (760) 776-1810.
Palm Springs Personal Injury Lawyer and Business Attorney Sebastian Gibson has a prestigious history of helping individuals with their car accidents, truck, motorcycle, pedestrian and bicycle accidents, insurance claims, trademarks and business matters throughout the Coachella Valley from Palm Springs to Palm Desert, Indio and Coachella and in the upper desert from Yucca Valley to Twentynine Palms as well as in San Diego, Orange County, on the Central Coast of California and internationally.
If you've had an auto, motorcycle, big rig truck, pedestrian or bike accident and need a Palm Springs Car Accident Lawyer for your injuries or need an experienced Palm Springs business attorney for your company in the Coachella Valley or in Orange County, call attorney Sebastian Gibson. Recently named a 2017 Top Lawyer for the 7th year in a row by Palm Springs Life, this year being voted a Top Lawyer by other attorneys, it's not surprising Sebastian has also been recognized as a "Superb" Lawyer by Avvo, their highest rating, which rates attorneys all across the U.S. He's also been called one of the "Best and Brightest legal minds" in the desert and has been called "Brilliant" and "A Legend."
With law degrees in both California and in Great Britain, and decades of experience in California and internationally as well in areas such as trademark protection, business contracts, trucking and logistics, insurance law, wrongful death litigation, mediation, publishing, modeling and entertainment, information technology (IT), intellectual property (IP), and international law, Palm Springs Personal Injury, Business and Entertainment Attorney Sebastian Gibson has been the attorney of choice for decades by individuals with the need of an experienced car accident, insurance, business and entertainment lawyer with the experience to handle matters in a swift and cost effective manner.
With offices in Palm Desert and Orange County, Palm Springs Personal Injury Attorney and Business Lawyer Sebastian Gibson can in most situations meet with you in your home, hospital or business and can also advise you by phone the same day when you need assistance most. Personal injury and accident cases are handled on a contingency fee basis. Business and entertainment matters are handled at an hourly rate or a flat rate which we will endeavor to make affordable to your situation.
Palm Springs Personal Injury and Business Attorney Sebastian Gibson is ready to represent you and help you obtain the resolution you deserve. Serving all of California, from Palm Desert and Newport Beach we're here to represent individuals not only throughout Orange County and the Coachella Valley, but clients from around the world who seek Sebastian's counsel on a variety of issues including accident and personal injury and business and entertainment law.
Whether you need legal assistance with accidents or other personal injury matters, business law, or entertainment law, the California law firm of Sebastian Gibson is ready to assist you. You'll find us where justice and knowledge meet with compassion and creativity.
Bigger is fine, smarter is better. Palm Springs Personal Injury Lawyer and Palm Desert Car Accident Attorney Sebastian Gibson is the right choice today for your traumatic auto accident, and the counsel you keep tomorrow for your business and entertainment endeavors.
E-mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com for our office in Newport Beach or call our main office in Palm Desert at (760) 776-1810.GET A FREE CONSULTATION


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Re: Marilla Umphrey m. John English, Canada
In reply to:
Re: Marilla Umphrey m. John English, Canada
Margaret Stewart 3/04/00
Margaret, thanks so much for your response, the only information that I have on Marilla Umphrey is from my gggf death certificate that lists Marilla as the mother of James English, b. 17Mar1843, presumably in MI. The certificate states that she was b. in Canada.I will truly be ever grateful to you for any information that you can find and send to me.I wish I had more to tell you, but Marilla is one of my brick walls.Marion


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"Live every day in choice, with true appreciation for everything."
Month: December 2015
Old + New: Vintage Christmas Ornaments
I've always been a lover of mixing vintage pieces with new, even when it comes to the tree.
Book Club: Big Magic by Elizabeth Gilbert, Enchantment
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Healthy Holiday Superfood Recipes from Philosophie
Get healthy for the holidays with three sweet superfood recipes from FP Escapes food expert Sophie Jaffe.
Make: Natural Skin Luminizer
We desire glowing skin throughout the year – maybe even more so during the holidays.
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Peppermint Coconut Macaroons (Raw, Vegan and Gluten Free)
These easy holiday treats are sure to become a year-round tradition… Read More
4 Places To Find Holiday Spirit In LA
Last week we brought you five places to find your holiday spirit in NYC. Now it's LA's turn. Read More
I Am Going: A Trip Beyond the Comfort Zone
When a trip isn't what you expect it to be…what do you do?
FP Me Roundup: Photos To Put You In The Holiday Spirit
A collection of our favorite FP Me photos that remind us just how much we love this time of year…
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French Made
Take a lesson in French etiquette with Sabrina Nait!
Interview With A Henna Artist + Cute and Easy Tattoo Designs To Try!
Learn more about the art of Henna and start practicing with some exclusive designs!
Read More
Exploring India with Lucy Williams + WIN a £500 Gift Card
Colour, people, energy, exhaustion, beauty, religion, cows, flowers, rubbish… just a few of the words that spring to mind when I remember snapshots of Rajasthan. Read More


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 2, 2003
|Filing date
|Sep 10, 1999
|Priority date
|Sep 10, 1999
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Tinku Acharya, Ajay K. Ray, A. K. V. Subba Rao
|Original Assignee
|Intel Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (55), Non-Patent Citations (36), Referenced by (17), Classifications (15), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The patent application is related to concurrently filed U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/393,017, entitled, "A FUZZY DISTINCTION BASED THRESHOLDING TECHNIQUE FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION," by Acharya et al., filed on Sep. 10, 1999, assigned to the assignee of the current invention and herein incorporated by reference.
1. Field
This disclosure is related to image processing, and, more particularly, to image segmentation.
2. Background Information
As is well-known, image segmentation, in particular, image segmentation of a digital image, has a variety of applications. For example, such approaches may be employed in target tracking and acquisition, navigation systems, recognition systems, video conferencing, robotic vision, etc. These are just a few examples of the types of applications in which image segmentation may be employed. For example, an image may be segmented to be stored more efficiently or to be transmitted across a communications system having scalable bandwidth capabilities and so forth. Nonetheless, image segmentation faces a number of challenges.
One such challenge is segmenting the image where the image content may be blurred, rather than sharp. It is generally easier to segment a sharp image than a blurred image. Another challenge in segmenting an image arises where a histogram of signal values is created based upon the content of the image and that histogram contains discontinuities. Known techniques for segmenting an image do not perform well, typically, in such circumstances. A need, therefore, exists for a method or technique of segmenting an image that addresses these foregoing challenges.
Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a method of segmenting an image includes the following. At least one signal value level is determined, of the potential signal values of the image, along which to divide a fuzzy histogram into at least two measurement distributions, the histogram being based, at least in part, on the image. The at least one signal value level is the at least one of the potential signal value levels of the image that produces a divided fuzzy histogram having, based on calculating entropy, an extreme value of one of distinctiveness and fuzziness. The image is segmented using the at least one signal value level.
Briefly, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, a method of As segmenting an image includes the following. A fuzzy histogram is constructed based, at least in part, on the signal values levels of the image. The fuzzy histogram is divided into at least two measurement distributions along at least one of the potential signal value levels of the image to produce a divided fuzzy histogram. One of the distinctiveness and the fuzziness for the divided fuzzy histogram is computed using entropy. The prior operations are repeated for every potential signal value level of the image. The at least one signal value level of the potential signal value levels that provides the divided fuzzy histogram with an extreme value of one of the distinctiveness and the fuzziness is determined. The image is segmented using the at least one signal value level.
Briefly, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention, an article includes: a storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a computing platform, result in the following operations by the computing platform to segment an image. At least one signal value level of the potential signal value levels of the image along which to divide a fuzzy histogram is determined, the fuzzy histogram being based, at least in part, on the image, the at least one signal value level being the at least one of the potential signal value levels that produces a divided fuzzy histogram having an extreme based on calculating entropy. The image is segmented image using the at least one signal value level.
The subject matter regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. The invention, however, both as to organization, and method of operation, together with objects, features, and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description, when read with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method of segmenting an image in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a five pixel-by-five pixel digital image to which the embodiment of FIG. 1 may be applied;
FIG. 3 is a plot of "crisp" histogram and a "fuzzy" histogram produced by applying the embodiment of FIG. 1 to the digital image of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating segmented portions of the digital image of FIG. 2 obtained after applying the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a set of equations illustrating a calculation of entropy in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 1 for the divided fuzzy histogram that provides the greatest distinctiveness for the digital image of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 6 is a plot illustrating a typical shape of a membership distribution that may be employed to characterize a "fuzzy number."
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
As shall become more clear, an embodiment in accordance with the present invention relates to image processing, such as digital image processing. It is noted that, where digital image processing is involved, the invention is not limited in scope to a digital image of any particular dimensions. Likewise, the signal values or pixel signal values in particular pixel locations are not restricted in format or size. For example, although the invention is not limited in scope in this respect, an eight bit binary digital signal may be employed to represent the signal value in each pixel location; however, alternatively, for example, analog, rather than digital, signal values may be employed. Similarly, although a digital image, for example, may comprise a rectangle having the dimensions M pixels by N pixels, where M and N are positive integers, of course, the invention is not limited to a digital image of this particular shape. Nonetheless, a typical format employed in this context comprises the common interchange format (CIF) comprising 352 pixels by 288 pixels, although the invention is not limited in scope in this respect. Likewise, the image is not restricted in scope to employing either color or gray scale pixel signal values. Likewise, if color is employed, any one of a number of color space formats may be employed, such as the YUV or RGB color space format.
As previously indicated, image processing, such as for digital images, has a number of challenges. In particular, it is not clear how to approach segmenting a digital image, for example, where significant amounts of blurring are present in the image. Likewise, it is not clear how to segment an image where discontinuities exist in a histogram constructed representing the occurrence or frequency of pixel signal values in the digital image. This means, for example, that some signal value levels that are potential signal value levels for the image are, nonetheless, not present in the digital image, for example, at all. In this context, a "crisp" histogram refers to a histogram that provides the frequency of occurrence of all the potential pixel signal value levels of the image, including those pixel signal value levels which, for that particular pixel signal value level, have a zero frequency of occurrence or magnitude. Throughout this detailed description, the term "histogram" when used by itself refers to a "crisp" histogram as just described. For images that include sharp edges, typically, image segmentation is applied in the vicinity of such edges. However, for segmentation of an image that is blurred or includes blurring, it is frequently difficult to resolve or rely on such edges. Since images are 2D projections of 3D world, information is lost and thereby some uncertainty is introduced in the description of the images. This uncertainty may be manifested in the variability of pixel gray levels in an image, for example. Many prominent image definitions, including the boundary between image regions, contrast, etc. are essentially vague and, thus, fuzzy notions may assist with characterization. The management of this uncertainty in the pixel classification remains a useful application area in image processing. In conventional literature on segmentation, one idea has at time been overlooked and that is, the segmented regions need not be mutually exclusive. It may be useful to focus on how closely the segmented description can reproduce the characteristics of the region. A possible approach includes defining fuzzy regions characterized by a continuous gradation of membership in it. Several techniques have been proposed in the literature on the application of fuzzy set theory in image segmentation, such as in S. K. Pal and N. R. Pal, "Segmentation based on measures of contrast homogeneity and region size," IEEE Trans System, Man and Cybernetics, 17, pp 857-868(1987), and in, S. K. Pal and A. Rosenfield, "Image enhancement and thresholding by optimization of fuzzy compactness", Pattern Recognition, Vol. 7, pp 77-86(1988). Some of the works include thresholding techniques which reduce, typically to an extreme, the fuzziness in pixel classification. Clustering techniques were also reported for image segmentation based on Fuzzy c-means, as in, J. C. Bezdek, Pattern Recognition using fuzzy objective function algorothms, Plenum Press, New York (1981). Such approaches have been used for segmentation of textured images, see H. H. Nguyen and P. Cohen, "Gibbs random field, fuzzy clustering and the unsupervised segmentation of textured images," CVGIP: Graphic Models & Image Processing, Vol 55, pp 1-19(1993), and also for segmentation of remotely sensed aerial Scenes, M. Trivedi and J. C. Bezdek, "Low level segmentation of aerial images with fuzzy clustering," IEEE Trans System, Man and Cybernetics, Vol-16, pp 341-359(1986).
In a digital image, it is possible to have a reasonable number of pixels with, for example, gray values (n−1) as well as (n+1), where n is an integer, without the presence in the image of any pixels with a gray value of n. However, typically, this does not affect human visual response to the image. More particularly, the digital image would not look perceptively different, if, in fact, instead of (n+1) or (n−1), a gray value of n were present in the image. This effect suggests that, for a digital image, gray values or pixel signal value levels may be treated as "fuzzy numbers" which are, in theory, normally convex sets on the real line. As shall be described in more detail hereinafter, this approach may, therefore, be employed to construct a "fuzzy histogram." In the case of a "crisp" histogram, the frequency of occurrence of a particular gray value does not affect the occurrence of other gray values. In other words, the occurrences are independent events. However, in the case of a fuzzy histogram, a gray value with more ambiguity may contribute to the frequency of occurrence of nearby gray values according to a membership assignment method. Thus, the frequency of occurrence of gray values, for example, may be characterized as "around n" for a fuzzy histogram. Symmetrical or asymmetrical fuzzy numbers are employed to represent the notion of a gray level "around n." A symmetrical fuzzy number may be characterized by a membership distribution
where α a controls the spread of the triangle and the function f(.) controls the shape of the fuzzy number. Although the invention is not limited in scope in this respect, a typical shape of a triangular fuzzy number which is symmetrical is shown in FIG. 6 and is given by
Therefore, in this context, a fuzzy histogram of a digital image is a sequence of real numbers with Sn representing the frequency of occurrence of digital pixel signal values that are "around n." Note that the sequence and n may be continuous in some situations, in which case, the fuzzy histogram may be referred to as a fuzzy distribution, although, for convenience, the term fuzzy histogram will be used throughout this specification with no loss of generality.
Here, let uA(x) designate the membership function of the fuzzy set A with x being an element of X, where X is finite. If the measure of fuzziness of the fuzzy set A, as described in H. J. Zimmermann, Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications, 2d edition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, London, is denoted d(A), then this measure may desirably exhibit the following properties:
1. d(A) equals zero if A is a crisp set in X.
2. d(A) assumes a unique maximum if uA(x) equals 0.5, for all x that is an element of X.
3. d(A) is greater than or equal to d(A*), if A* is "crisper" than A, ie, uA*(x) is less than or equal to
uA(x), for uA(X) less than or equal to 0.5, and, uA*(X) is greater than or equal to uA(X), for uA(X) greater than or equal to 0.5.
4. d(not-A) equals d(A), where "not-A" designates the complement of A.
It is noted that although the membership function here is described in terms of fuzziness, alternatively, it could be described in terms of distinctiveness with similar properties because there is a well-defined relationship between distinctiveness and fuzziness in this context. One approach to measuring fuzziness that satisfies the four properties above is to employ the well-known measure of entropy, introduced originally by Shannon, as a measure of distinctiveness. Entropy as a measure of a fuzzy set A={(x, uA(X)} is defined as follows:
H(A)=−K ΣI=1 to n uA(XI) In(uA(XI))
H(not-A)=−K ΣI=1 to n (1−uA(XI)) In(1−uA(XI))
where K is a positive integer (1 in this context), and "In" denotes the natural logarithm.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method of segmenting an image, such as a digital image, in accordance with the present invention that employs a measure of fuzziness based on entropy, as discussed above. In this approach, a pixel signal value level is determined along which to divide a fuzzy histogram. The fuzzy histogram is based, at least in part, on the image to be segmented. In this embodiment, the determined pixel signal value level is the pixel signal value level of the potential pixel signal value levels that produces a segmented characterization, by dividing the fuzzy histogram into at least two measurement distributions, having a measure of fuzziness, based on a calculation entropy, that is an extreme value. As one example, the fuzziness measurement may not be less than the fuzziness measurement of any other divided fuzzy histograms that are divided into distributions at other potential pixel signal values. Of course, the invention is not limited in scope to this particular embodiment. For example, in alternative embodiments, more than two measurement distributions may be employed. Likewise, an extreme value of the relevant parameter may be used successfully, in accordance with the particular context. For example, in equation [2] above, in an alternative embodiment, the minus sign may be omitted. Therefore, employing the greatest or least may depend on the context or situation. Further, in this embodiment, as described in more detail hereinafter, the digital image is then segmented using the determined signal value level.
Initially, at 110 in FIG. 1, a fuzzy histogram, or its equivalent, is constructed based, at least in part, on the image, in this example, a digital image. This is accomplished by producing a fuzzy histogram of all possible pixel signal value levels of the digital image and, for each pixel to signal value level, the fuzzy histogram is calculated in this embodiment in accordance with equation [1], although, of course, the invention is not limited in scope in this respect. Any one of a number of distributions for characterizing a "fuzzy number" may be employed to construct a fuzzy histogram and provide satisfactory results and the invention is, therefore, not restricted in scope to any particular one. To illustrate the calculation, for a digital image in which the pixel signal values comprise eight bits, the "bins" of the histogram, or potential pixel signal value levels, include 0 to 255. Then, using this histogram, entropy, according to equation [2] above, is calculated. To calculate the entropy in this particular embodiment, the fuzzy histogram is divided into at least two membership distributions along at least one of the potential pixel signal value levels of the digital image. For example, assume that a particular pixel signal value level is the sth signal value, eg, in this embodiment, "0" is the 1st, "1" is the 2nd, etc. Then, at 120, the entropy is computed for a membership distribution of the 1st to sth pixel signal value levels and then, separately, the entropy is computed for a membership distribution of the (s+1)th to nth pixel signal value levels. In this embodiment, these operations or calculations are then repeated for every potential signal value level of the digital image. More specifically, via a loop formed by 130, 140, 150, 160 and 120, the fuzzy histogram is divided into at least two membership distributions along another at least one potential pixel signal value level, but the level is different than a previous at least one pixel signal value level for which this calculation has already been performed. Then, at 130 again, the distinctiveness for this divided fuzzy histogram is computed based on an entropy calculation, as previously described. As indicated previously, the construction of the divided fuzzy histogram and computation of its fuzziness is repeated for every potential pixel signal value level, from the 1st to nth, in this embodiment. Once this has been accomplished, at 170, in this embodiment, it is determined which potential pixel signal value level provides the divided fuzzy histogram (or divided fuzzy histograms) having a calculated measure of fuzziness that is the extreme. More specifically, for each potential pixel to signal value level, in this embodiment, the entropy for the at least two membership distributions is summed and the sum is employed as a measure of the distinctiveness of that particular fuzzy histogram. Thus, at 170, the pixel signal value level that provides the distinctiveness, over the potential pixel signal value levels, not exceeded by any other is the pixel signal value level that is used to segment the digital image. Where more than one level results, such as because the same value results, either level may be employed, of course.
Segmentation may be accomplished a variety of ways, depending, for example, on the particular application, and the invention is not limited in scope to a particular approach. For example, all the pixel locations having a pixel signal value exceeding the determined or threshold pixel signal value level may be included in one image or frame in a video sequence of image frames, and those locations where the pixel signal value does not exceed this level may be considered as an object and this may be included in the image frame. Likewise, the reverse may be done in a second frame or image, eg, omitting those pixel signal values that exceed the determined or threshold level and including the pixel signal values for those locations where the pixel signal value level does not exceed the determined level.
A sample application of this particular embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. This is, of course, provided merely for purposes of illustration and is not intended to be limiting in any respect. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a five pixel-by-five pixel digital image. In this particular embodiment, the pixel signal values each comprise three bits. Therefore, the pixel signal value levels are from 0 to 7 in this example. FIG. 3 is a plot illustrating the "crisp" histogram constructed from this digital image. In this simple example, by inspection of the histogram in FIG. 3, it might be deduced that the pixel signal value level that produces the greatest distinctiveness is pixel signal value level 4 or 5. The entropy calculation using equation [2], illustrated in FIG. 5 for the two membership distributions formed, confirms this. Of course, for a digital image with hundreds of pixel signal value levels, and thousands of pixels, making this determination is more challenging, and the approach of this particular embodiment may be advantageously employed. Furthermore, once the image has been segmented, such as in accordance with the embodiment previously described, for example, then this approach may be applied to the segmented portions of the image to further segment those segmented portions
Of course, a variety of segmentation approaches may be employed for color images. For example, where the color space format of the image comprises a three-color plane color space format, such as the YUV color space format of the RGB color space format, a variety of techniques may be employed, although the invention is not limited in scope to these techniques or to employing color images or three-color plane color space formats. Nonetheless, in one embodiment, a fuzzy histogram may be produced for each color space, and the pixel signal value employed may be based, at least in part, on all three. Likewise, the color image may be segmented by segmenting all three color space planes of the image. Alternatively, a fuzzy histogram may be produced for any one of the color space planes or for only a selected one of the color space planes, and, again, all three color-space plane images of the color image may be segmented. Of course, additional variations are also possible and within the scope of the present invention. Alternatively, an image may be represented in YUV color space format where the Y component contains luminance signal information about the image. Thus, the previously described embodiment may be applied to the Y component of the image to produce a segmented characterization of the color image.
In this particular embodiment, where entropy is employed as a measure of fuzziness, an interpretation of the approach employed is that the image is being segmented into separate regions that individually exhibit the distinctiveness of each region. This may also provide an approach to compress the distinctly separate regions by using the redundant signal information. This may prove useful in a variety of contexts, such as, where the segmented portions of the image are to be compressed and separately transmitted across a limited bandwidth communications channel, for example. It is, likewise, noted that the approach employed in this particular embodiment does not have difficulty dealing with blurring or with discontinuities in the histogram generated from the image. For example, the histogram in FIG. 3 shows such a discontinuity. Therefore, this particular embodiment has advantages over alternative approaches of image segmentation.
It will, of course, be appreciated, as previously indicated, that the invention is not limited in scope to the previously described embodiment. For example, alternatively, a computing platform, such as, for example, a personal computer, including a desktop or laptop computer, or a server, may include hardware and/or software and/or firmware that provides the capability for the platform to perform image segmentation in accordance with the present invention, such as, for example, by employing the technique previously described and illustrated. Likewise, in an another alternative embodiment, a storage medium, such as a compact disk, a hard disk drive, or a floppy disk, for example, may have stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a computing platform, result in image segmentation being performed in accordance with the present invention.
While certain features of the invention have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes and equivalents will now occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the invention.
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|U.S. Classification
|706/52, 706/900, 706/14
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 24, 2000
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08-18-2008 #1Administrator
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- 25,038
Sony gives PS3 Music Peripheral Compatibility Update
SCEA's Michael Shorrock has confirmed that for the past few months they have been working very closely with the likes of Neversoft, Activision, Harmonix and Konami in order to ensure PS3 guitars and drum sets all feature a basic level of gameplay compatibility. So for example, Gutar Hero: World Tour's guitars and drums will work with Rock Band 2 and Rock Revolution software!
To quote: For the past several months, we have been working closely with Neversoft and Activision, Harmonix and Konami to ensure that PlayStation 3 guitars and drum sets will all feature a basic level of gameplay compatibility.
For the most part, this means that the titles with musical peripherals will work with the others software. A few specific examples include: Guitar Hero: World Tours guitars and drums will work with Rock Band 2 and Konamis Rock Revolution software.
And yes, you guessed it, Rock Band 2s guitar and drum set will work with Guitar Hero: World Tour and with Rock Revolution.
Conversely, Rock Revolutions drum set will work with both Guitar Hero: World Tour and Rock Band 2.
In addition, Guitar Hero: World Tour and Rock Band 2 will both support the SingStar microphones.
Were still working hard to ensure compatibility between the Guitar Hero and Rock Band titles currently on the market, and we hope to have an announcement on that shortly.
Of course each of these great games have their own specific cool features that may not be compatible with the other controllers, but this is our first big step in bringing a level of compatibility to music games that is sure to benefit PlayStation 3 consumers.
Keep an eye out here for more information in the future. More PlayStation 3 News...
08-24-2008 #2snipersamurai Guest
This is great news and will be a real space saver for anyone wo is planning on picking up 2 or more of these games. Hopefully the compatability issues between GH3/GH:Aerosmith and Rock Band will be sorted out as well. If the compatability for the older titles is sorted it might finally give EA/Harmonix an avenue to release Rock Band on the PS3 outside of North America without incurring the massive costs of shipping the instruments (which they can leave to Activison ).


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Lindquist & Vennum has received top rankings in the 2013 edition of Chambers USA: America's Leading Lawyers for Business. The firm was recognized as one of the leading law firms in Minnesota in the legal practice areas of Corporate/M&A and Litigation, with nine attorneys receiving individual recognition.
Chambers USA ranks both law firms and attorneys based on more than 7,000 in-depth interviews with clients, private-practice attorneys and corporate counsel. Law firms and individual attorneys are ranked based on technical legal ability, professional conduct, client service, commercial awareness/astuteness, diligence, commitment and other qualities most valued by the client.
Lindquist & Vennum attorneys ranked as leaders in their field in the 2013 guide include:
This corporate group has a strong reputation in the Minnesota market. It is well versed in a range of corporate issues, and is particularly active in the areas of M&A and private equity transactions. The group also has notable experience of public debt, securities and corporate governance matters. Sources say: "They are practical, proactive and smart, and have a good sense of my business and its needs."
This group has wide-ranging commercial litigation experience, with a focus on financial institution, workout, fraud and collection litigation. It is also well versed in product liability, IP, non-compete and construction matters. Sources say: "An outstanding group of lawyers."
About Lindquist & Vennum LLP
Lindquist & Vennum's 200 attorneys provide a full array of corporate finance, transactional and litigation services for clients from offices in Minnesota, Colorado, and South Dakota. The law firm has served corporate, governmental and individual clients across the nation and around the world for nearly 40 years. For more information, visit www.lindquist.com.
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We're familiar with the concept of a "makeover". It's the amazing art of taking something and completely changing it's physical appearance with an intention to make it better than it was previously. There's nothing wrong with makeovers, but how would you feel about a "makeunder"? As strange as this Frankenstein of a word may sound, I can tell you one thing, it's certainly a good way to describe these celebrity transformations. Check out the gallery below!
1. Pamela Anderson
This blonde bombshell became popular decades upon decades ago appearing in Baywatch.
She certainly looks different, but not in a bad way at all. She's actually looking quite fresh-faced!
Source:Brit + Co
2. Nicole "Snooki" Polizzi
One of the stand-out stars of the popular reality TV show Jersey Shore, and during those years she rocked an orange spray tan and tight dresses.
Source:MTV UK
She's still a trendsetter.
Now, a mother of two, Snooki has had quite the dramatic makeunder, and I have to admit, I don't think she has ever looked better!
In my opinion, the present day Snooki looks much better than the Jersey Shore one.
Source: Taddlr
3. Kesha
Kesha burst onto the scene with a pop of champagne and a sprinkle of glitter and confetti.
Ever since she broke free of her record label and manager, she switched over to a more natural look, and despite changing hair color several times, she couldn't look more stunning nowadays even if she tried!
Source:The Independent
Keep being amazing, girl!
via GIPHY
4. Lady Gaga
Lady Gaga completely broke the fashion system when she burst onto the scene, and gave a whole new meaning to the word "groundbreaking" when it came to her outfits and makeup she rocked in her music videos.
Since her debut days, she has lost quite a bit of her glam appearance, going for a more natural look when it comes to makeup and a more conventional approach to her clothing. And looks even more amazing, if possible.
Source: PopCrush Stuart C. Wilson | Getty Images
5. Nicki Minaj
When Nicki burst on to the scene, she was easily recognizable due to her broad collection of rainbow wigs and crazy outfits. I mean, how many times have you seen the photo of Nicki Minaj with her green colored wig being compared to the picture of a cat with the lime peel on its head?
We lived for Nicki's leopard print ensembles.
Source:E! Online
She has toned it all down since those days, opting for a more natural hair color and slightly more conventional outfits. Her makeup is still incredible though.
6. Miley Cyrus
Ever since her Hannah Montana days, Miley Cyrus has gone through quite the change. She went from an innocent teen who wanted to make it big in the music industry to one who did, but for all the questionable reasons (depending on how you perceive it).
Source: Daily Mirror Getty Images
But now, she's coming back to her country roots, and she seems to be toning down the rather… controversial outfits as well.
On top of the new music change, she has donned a more subtle, laid-back look that falls right in the middle of both contrasting senses of style. Loving this white dress on her with the soft hair.
Source:Lainey Gossip
7. Lindsay Lohan
Lindsay has gone through quite a few changes in the years she's been active.
Source:Retro Red Carpet
Anyone else miss early 2000s fashion?
No, just me?
via GIPHY
Case in point, at a recent Cannes Film Festival event, Lindsay was channeling Grace Kelly with this chic black and white ballgown. Complete with a few loose tendrils and classic pearls, she looks positively demure!
Source: Entertainment Tonight Getty Images
8. Paris Hilton
Paris Hilton is a perfect reminder of what type of fashion dominated in the magic year of 2003.
Check out that skirt!
Source: Life and Style Getty Images
With this body-hugging gown, she looks absolutely stunning! And look how well her hair is pulled back, and her eyeshadow as well.
Source:Glamorous Heels
9. Kim Kardashian
Kim Kardashian was also guilty of something all of us did when it came to makeup: powdering each section of your face. Don't worry, Kim, you aren't the only one. And besides, now there's contouring and blending so we can put the powdering days behind us.
Because let's be real. She is Kim Kardashian.
No matter how she does her makeup, she still slays.
via GIPHY
10. Nicole Richie
Back when eyeliner meant tracing and re-tracing the shape of your eyes in black.
I get it. Raccoons (aka trash pandas) are adorable, and for a brief moment, we thought they could also be style icons.
Nicole decided to take it one step further with her teased-out and voluminous hair, and while we love the ambition, it overshadowed her natural beauty.
Source: Hollywood Life Getty Images
This right here is winged eyeliner porn. Like, seriously, just look at this.
Source: Steve Granitz | Getty Images
12. Carrie Underwood
The wardrobe, hair and makeup on American Idol was not the most flattering for a lot of contestants. I'm sure if Kelly Clarkson or Jennifer Hudson are reading this, they're nodding along to that observation.
Source: E! Online Ray Mickshaw | WireImage
Ever since winning American Idol, she defined her own sense of style. The high neck, the earrings, the beading, the hair, it's all there and it's amazing.
Here, Carrie is the definition of glam, and she pulls it off effortlessly. Now we promise to never mention her American Idol fashion again.


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Tranny Luna Rose is ready to suck off some black cock through a gloryhole. She sticks her cock through the hole as well before they move out the cabin where she gets anal banged
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Having surrounded the town the Libyan army continued to push in from the eastern gate and from bases in western suburb of Tawarga.
A pummelling of Libyan army fire from the tanks on Misurata's white stone apartment blocks gave cover for ground forces to take up offensive positions.
A town resident said batches of 30 troops filed through the side alleys to seize high points on buildings and establish nests for sharpshooters. "A sniper shot is more lethal than the tanks' bombardment, as snipers can assassinate anyone within a mile," he said, speaking from the heart of the battle said.
The plight of Misurata was yesterday at the top of international concerns that Col Gaddafi is willing to perpetrate crimes against humanity. The regime launched a bloody offensive against the prosperous Mediterranean trading port just days before the UN resolution authorising force to stop Col Gaddafi's forces.
Fighting has killed scores and injured hundreds more in the town over nine days of close quarter combat. "We have had 142 dead since March 18," a Misurata doctor said. "We can't keep count any more of the wounded but it is clearly more than 1,400, including 90 in a serious condition." Fighting escalated overnight – after Col Gaddafi's forces declared a ceasefire – and rebel leaders warned that without more help the town will fall.
A clue to the intensity of the battle was in the vacant stares of government soldiers in emerald green fatigues. Only the most excitable or foolhardy stood in the open for any length of time. The rest made protective billets in empty shops or lurked in the shadow of armoured vehicles.
The debris of war littered the ground. Cars riddled with bullets and burned to scorched metal are piled at intersections. Buildings have been looted and pedestrians walk nervously along the colonnaded shopping strips. Tripoli cut off water supplies, electricity, food shipments and medical supplies more than a week ago. Snipers' guns trained on entrances to the main hospitals have made admission a lottery.
Opposition activists have appealed for supplies from the sea. Taruk Tarhuni, a Libyan based in Malta, said he was organising aid flotillas to relieve pressure on the city's defenders. "People there are struggling as the city is under siege," he said.
The prospects of permanent relief arriving through a quick sweep west by rebel forces receded yesterday as the opposition was beaten back by a lightning counter attack from Col Gaddafi's stronghold in Sirte.
A barrage of rockets landed on the western edge of Bin Jawaad forcing a hasty retreat back towards the eastern capital, Benghazi. Just minutes after the rebels raised their flag over the town's school, the zip of bullets fired along the highway sent the fighters running, bent double, for their cars.
Drivers struggled to turn their pickup trucks eastward, while young fighters desperate not to be left behind at the mercy of Col Gaddafi's men sprinted alongside and tried to scramble in. "Get back, get back!" screamed panic stricken young men as the rockets kicked up plumes of dust.
What had been a triumphant advance half an hour earlier accompanied by beeping horns and shots fired in the air was now an ugly knot of traffic speeding in the opposite direction.
Civilians in the towns along the rapidly switching front had either fled or were hiding.
In Nouflia, 20 miles further east, the people had taken to the desert to live in tents and escape the violence, according to Issa Mughrabi, a 25-year-old architect who had left that morning.


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4 Sheets of Clear Stamp Collections that each Measure 4" X 6".
These are first edition and call all be used individually or grouped together to create families and festivities.
Once stamped, the images can be colored with pencils, markers, crayons or watercolors.
LIMITED QUANTITIES AVAILABLE. Shipping starts September 23rd.


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Studio Visit: Dominique Fung
Dominique Fung's paintings have an entrancing, almost anesthetizing affect to them. Their lush fields of color, glossy finish and pleasing classical compositions all give the viewer quite an eyeful. The Brooklyn based painter is constantly improving her style, refining her technique and bettering herself to produce a body of work that is both polished and original. We recently swung by her studio in Bed-stuy to peek her new paintings, talk about the transition from Toronto to NYC and how personal objects carry significant emotional and cultural weight. Take a look at our interview below.November 11, 2017
Beyond Eden, a Multi-Gallery Event Celebrating LA's New Contemporary Art Movement
Beyond Eden, a multi-gallery event celebrating the LA's New Contemporary art movement, will be hosted by the Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery in October. The event has been put together by AnSeptember 30, 2015


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